Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700 Cape Town, South Africa; Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, CNR, Via Mario Bianco, 20131 Milano, Italy
Chigorimbo-Murefu, N.T.L., Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700 Cape Town, South Africa; Riva, S., Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, CNR, Via Mario Bianco, 20131 Milano, Italy; Burton, S.G., Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700 Cape Town, South Africa
Lipases from Candida antarctica (Novozyme 435®), Candida rugosa, Chromobacterium viscosum and Pseudomonas sp. were used to perform transesterifications of vinyl ferulate with hydroxyl-steroids and p-arbutin. The antioxidant activity of the products was evaluated using the free radical 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) free radical quenching antioxidant assays, and inhibition of the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein, LDL. Arbutin ferulate was found to possess a 19% higher antiradical activity against the ABTS free radical than its precursor ferulic acid, and it also inhibited the oxidation of LDL more efficiently (by 10%) than its precursors. All of the biocatalytically synthesised products exhibited higher antioxidant activity than Trolox, the well known commercial benchmark antioxidant, and their precursor, ferulic acid. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Anti-oxidants; Antioxidant; Antioxidant activities; Antioxidant properties; Antiradical activities; Arbutin; Biocatalysis; Candida antarctica; Candida rugosa; Density lipoproteins; Ferulate; Ferulic acid; Natural compounds; Pseudomonas sp.; Sulphonic acids; Synthesis of; Transesterifications; Esterification; Esters; Free radicals; Lipases; Organic acids; Oxidation; Quenching; Acids
