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Scopus	2-s2.0-84904304162	Sustainability of the South African livestock sector towards 2050 Part 1: Worth and impact of the sector	Meissner H.H., Scholtz M.M., Palmer A.R.	2013	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	43	3	None	1189 van Riebeeck Avenue, Lyttelton Manor, Centurion 0157, South Africa; ARC-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X2, Irene 0062, South Africa; University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; ARC-Animal Production Institute, PO Box 101, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa	Meissner, H.H., 1189 van Riebeeck Avenue, Lyttelton Manor, Centurion 0157, South Africa; Scholtz, M.M., ARC-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X2, Irene 0062, South Africa, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Palmer, A.R., ARC-Animal Production Institute, PO Box 101, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa	Livestock production in South Africa contributes substantially to food security. It is also a topic of public debate because of lack of knowledge and wrong information. This article aims to provide information on the worth and impact of the livestock sect or information and statistics providing a baseline to guiding sustainability towards 2050. Seventy percent of agricultural land in South Africa can be utilized only by livestock and game and species are found in all provinces with high concentrations in the eastern higher rainfall regions. Statistics in 2010 indicate 13.6 million beef cattle, 1.4 million dairy cattle, 24.6 million sheep, 7.0 million goats, 3 million game species (farmed), 1.1 million pigs, 113 million broilers, 31.8 million layers and 1.6 million ostriches. The gross value of livestock products increased by 185% from 1995/2000 to 2006/2010. In relation to field crops and horticulture, livestock products increased their position from 42% to 47% of gross agricultural value. The main reason was a rise in the value and demand for livestock foods, particularly meat. Livestock foods contribute 27% of the consumer food basket on a weight basis. Consumption of livestock foods resembles that of developing countries with meat consumption being 50 - 90 g/capita/day, milk and dairy products 120 - 130 g /capita/day and eggs 15 - 20 g/capita/day. Since this is the average for the country with consumption by the rich and poor often differing tenfold, consumption of livestock foods by the poor is of concern, given the many health attributes of livestock foods. The livestock sector in South Africa is a major role player in the conservation of biodiversity through a variety of well-adapted indigenous and non-indigenous breeds and rare game species. It has also shown commitment to rangeland/ecosystem conservation through conservative stocking rates, with several studies and observations reporting improvement in the condition of the natural resource. The sector has always been a major employer, but employment rate has declined steadily since 2000 because of increased minimum wages, fewer commercial farmers and increased property size. Some 245 000 employees with 1.45 million dependants, in addition to dependants on communal land and emerging farms, are employed on 38 500 commercial farms and intensive units with wages amounting to R 6 100 million (South African rand). Livestock farming is the backbone of the socio-economy and provides the sustenance of most non-metropolitan towns and rural communities. © Copyright resides with the authors.	Biodiversity; Livestock foods; Livestock numbers; Production; Socio-economic impact	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-65949116588	Evaluating the impact of a Special Library and Information Service	Botha E., Erasmus R., Van Deventer M.	2009	Journal of Librarianship and Information Science	41	2	10.1177/0961000609102833	25 Annettehof Veld Street, Glen Marais 1619, South Africa	Botha, E., 25 Annettehof Veld Street, Glen Marais 1619, South Africa; Erasmus, R., 25 Annettehof Veld Street, Glen Marais 1619, South Africa; Van Deventer, M., 25 Annettehof Veld Street, Glen Marais 1619, South Africa	The mere fact that a library service is being used does not mean that the service makes a difference or has a positive impact on the user. This has significant implications for Special Library and Information Services (SL&IS) that have to constantly prove that they add value. Because of the difficulty of measuring impact effectively, the majority of libraries still appear to measure performance quantitatively (how many books do we have, how many are used etc.) instead of looking at the difference the service actually makes. This paper discusses specifically the impact an information service has on the ability of natural science researchers to perform their research effectively and efficiently. A focus group, short survey and 15 interviews were conducted with researchers that use SL&IS in their research at the South African Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) ĝ€" the largest research Council in Africa. The results showed that researchers felt that Library and Information Services have a positive impact on the research process. The two most important indicators of impact chosen by the researchers were firstly, time saved in information retrieval and delivery and secondly, higher success rate in research. In contrast with Poll's (2005) view, researchers felt that Library and Information Services do not necessarily impact on growing their skills and competencies or their attitude and behaviour as researchers. The relationship between the librarian and the researcher also came to light as very important in the research process. The study also identified further important indicators of impact which will serve as the foundation for a more in-depth research study.	Customer satisfaction; Evaluating impact; Impact on research output; Importance of librarian; Indicators of impact; Library and Information Services; Measurement of performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-76349122758	Performance measurement: Does education impact productivity?	Larbi-Apau J.A., Sarpong D.B.	2010	Performance Improvement Quarterly	22	4	10.1002/piq.20069	384 College of Education, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States; Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, College of Agriculture and Consumer Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana	Larbi-Apau, J.A., 384 College of Education, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States; Sarpong, D.B., Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, College of Agriculture and Consumer Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana	This study investigated the impact of managers' educational levels on productivity in the commercial poultry industry in Ghana. The level of education of 33 production managers of the poultry farms were factored into a Cobb-Douglas production function with other explanatory variables. The computed percentage change in productivity due to higher education relative to secondary education was 10%. The interaction terms of basic education, experience, and extension visits were positive and not statistically significant. Targeting management education could increase productivity in the commercial poultry industry. Educated managers have a higher propensity to adopt technology and alternative production mix for effectiveness and efficiency. This study concludes that higher educational level had a positive impact on productivity in the commercial poultry industry and should be harnessed for improved performance in the domestic and global market. © 2010 International Society for Performance Improvement.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908233859	The impact of infrastructural change and regulation on entrepreneurial competitiveness in the South African telecommunications sector	Oberholzer S.M., Cullen M., Adendorff C.	2014	South African Journal of Business Management	45	3	None	5 Seaforth Road, Vincent, East London, South Africa; Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Business School, Port Elizabeth, South Africa	Oberholzer, S.M., 5 Seaforth Road, Vincent, East London, South Africa; Cullen, M., Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Business School, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Adendorff, C., Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Business School, Port Elizabeth, South Africa	The fast pace of technological advancements is regarded as one of the global drivers of change. In the telecommunications sector in South Africa, these technological advancements as well as sector transformation pose competitiveness challenges to entrepreneurs. This paper reports an empirical study performed to contribute to the promotion of entrepreneurial competitiveness within the telecommunications sector of the South African economy. From the empirical study, significant relationships proved to exist between the intervening- and independent variables and the dependent variable of this study, namely Perceived Entrepreneurial Competitiveness. The independent variable Infrastructural Change positively influenced both the intervening variable Entrepreneurial Orientation and dependent variable Perceived Entrepreneurial Competitiveness. In the same manner, the independent variables of Regulatory Alignment and Entrepreneurial Mindset did positively influenced Perceived Entrepreneurial Competitiveness within this study. The study found that entrepreneurs can position their businesses more competitively if the factors that impact directly or indirectly on Entrepreneurial Competitiveness in the South African Telecommunications sector are taken in consideration.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960494871	Measuring the influence of a journal using impact and diffusion factors	Sanni S.A., Zainab A.N.	2011	Malaysian Journal of Library and Information Science	16	2	None	54, Lekan Salami Complex, Ibadan, Nigeria; Digital Library Research Group, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia	Sanni, S.A., 54, Lekan Salami Complex, Ibadan, Nigeria; Zainab, A.N., Digital Library Research Group, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia	Presents the result of the calculated ISI equivalent Impact Factor, Relative Diffusion Factor (RDF), and Journal Diffusion Factor (JDF) for articles published in the Medical Journal of Malaysia (MJM) between the years 2004 and 2008 in both their synchronous and diachronous versions. The publication data are collected from MyAis (Malaysian Abstracting & Indexing system) while the citation data are collected from Google Scholar. The values of the synchronous JDF ranges from 0.057 - 0.14 while the diachronous JDF ranges from 0.46 - 1.98. The high diachronous JDF is explained by a relatively high number of different citing journals against the number of publications. This implies that the results of diachronous JDF is influenced by the numbers of publications and a good comparison may be one of which the subject of analysis have similar number of publications and citations period. The yearly values of the synchronous RDF vary in the range of 0.66 - 1.00 while diachronous RDF ranges from 0.62 - 0.88. The result shows that diachronous RDF is negatively correlated with the number of citations, resulting in a low RDF value for highly cited publication years. What this implies in practice is that the diffusion factors can be calculated for every additional year at any journal level of analysis. This study demonstrates that these indicators are valuable tools that help to show development of journals as it changes through time.	Bibliometrics; Journal diffusion factor; Journal evaluation measures; Journal impact factor; Quality and influence assessment of journals	None	None
WoS	WOS:000282735100003	Impact of ALSO training on the management of prolonged labor and neonatal care at Kagera Regional Hospital, Tanzania	Elsass, Peter,Massawe, Siriel,Nielsen, Birgitte Bruun,Nyakina, Juma,Rasch, Vibeke,Sorensen, Bjarke Lund	2010	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS	111	1	10.1016/j.ijgo.2010.04.031	Aarhus University, University of Copenhagen, Kagera Reg Hosp, Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Odense Univ Hosp	"Elsass, Peter: University of Copenhagen","Nielsen, Birgitte Bruun: Aarhus University","Sorensen, Bjarke Lund: University of Copenhagen",	Objective: To evaluate the management of prolonged labor and neonatal care before and after Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics (ALSO) training. Methods: Staff involved in childbirth at Kagera Regional Hospital, Tanzania, attended a 2-day ALSO provider course. In this prospective intervention study conducted between July and November 2008, the management and outcomes of 558 deliveries before and 550 after the training were observed. Results: There was no significant difference in the rate of cesarean deliveries owing to prolonged labor, and vacuum delivery was not practiced after the intervention. During prolonged labor, action was delayed for more than 3 hours in half of the cases. The stillbirth rate. Apgar scores, and frequency of neonatal resuscitation did not change significantly. After the intervention, there was a significant increase in newborns given to their mothers within 10 minutes, from 5.6% to 71.5% (RR 12.71; 95% CI, 9.04-17.88). There was a significant decrease from 6 to 0 neonatal deaths before discharge among those born with an Apgar score after 1 minute of 4 or more (P=0.03). Conclusion: ALSO training had no effect on the management of prolonged labor. Early contact between newborn and mother was more frequently practiced after ALSO training and the immediate neonatal mortality decreased. (C) 2010 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.	"Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics (ALSO)","clinical skills training","emergency obstetric and neonatal care","MATERNAL MORTALITY","NEONATAL CARE","PROLONGED LABOR",Tanzania,MORTALITY	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84891641090	Reproductive performance of Abergelle goats and growth rate of their crosses with Boer goats	Belay S., Gebru G., Godifey G., Brhane M., Zenebe M., Hagos H., Teame T.	2014	Livestock Research for Rural Development	26	1	None	Abergelle Agricultural Research Centre, PO Box 492, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Mekelle Agricultural Research Centre, Tigray, Ethiopia	Belay, S., Abergelle Agricultural Research Centre, PO Box 492, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Gebru, G., Abergelle Agricultural Research Centre, PO Box 492, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Godifey, G., Mekelle Agricultural Research Centre, Tigray, Ethiopia; Brhane, M., Abergelle Agricultural Research Centre, PO Box 492, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Zenebe, M., Abergelle Agricultural Research Centre, PO Box 492, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Hagos, H., Abergelle Agricultural Research Centre, PO Box 492, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Teame, T., Abergelle Agricultural Research Centre, PO Box 492, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia	This study was undertaken to evaluate the pre and post weaning growth of F1 crossbred Boer-Abergelle goat kids, and reproductive performance of pure Abergelle under a semi-intensive management system. The study was implemented in Abergelle Agricultural Research Centre goat farm in northern Ethiopia. Three independent variables: namely birth type, sex and parity number and seven dependent variables: body weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), six-month weight (SMW), yearling weight (YW) and weight gains to weaning, six months and one year were analyzed. A total of 166 F1 kids of which 90 were from the first parity, 53 from the second and 23 from the third parity were used to evaluate the growth rate of the crossbred kids. Yearling weights of the crossbred kids were higher for males than for females. The highest values for WWG, SMWG and YWG were observed in the first parity. Average kidding interval of the Abergelle goats was 11.3 months with a minimum and maximum of 9 and 17 months, respectively. Prolificacy rates were 1.06, 1.11 and 1.07 in 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively. Generally, Boer-Abergelle F1 kids had high growth rates (range 73 to 113 g/day) and had low mortality, especially pre-weaning. Purebred Abergelle goats had long kidding interval and most had single births.	Crossbreeding; Growth; Mortality; Reproductive performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84881247342	An exploration of the impact of students' prior genre knowledge on their constructions of 'audience' in a Marketing course at postgraduate level	Bangeni B.	2013	English for Specific Purposes	32	4	10.1016/j.esp.2013.05.001	Academic Development Programme, University of Cape Town, Hoerikwaggo Building, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa	Bangeni, B., Academic Development Programme, University of Cape Town, Hoerikwaggo Building, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa	This article explores the development of audience awareness for two English additional language (EAL) graduate students making the transition from undergraduate Social Science disciplines into the professional discipline of Marketing at a South African university. The article examines the ways in which their conceptualisations of 'audience' shape their negotiation of the generic move structure informing a dominant genre within the discipline: the written case analysis. I argue that the students' struggle with realising the communicative purposes of the genre in their analyses has implications for how they engage with disciplinary theory within crucial moves. Data yielded by semi-structured interviews, reflection papers, as well as selected case analyses written by the students in the initial months of their postgraduate year illustrate how this struggle can be traced to a mismatch between their embodied understandings of the concept of 'audience' which are transported from undergraduate learning contexts, and 'audience' as prescribed by the communicative purpose of the written case analysis within a professional discipline. In making this argument, the article examines the ways in which an antecedent genre, the Social Science argumentative essay, contributes to this mismatch. The article concludes by outlining the pedagogical implications of the findings from an ESP perspective. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.	Antecedent genre; Audience awareness; Disciplinarity; Prior genre knowledge; Transition; Written case analysis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70249108871	Performance evaluation of the INNOPAC library system in Southern Africa: Perspectives from systems librarians	Taole Dr. N.	2009	Information Development	25	3	10.1177/0266666909340830	Academy of Science of South Africa, PO Box 72135, Lynwood Ridge 0040, Pretoria, South Africa	Taole Dr., N., Academy of Science of South Africa, PO Box 72135, Lynwood Ridge 0040, Pretoria, South Africa	There is a growing interest in the INNOPAC library automation system, which has been implemented by several libraries in the Southern African region over the past 10 years. The majority of these libraries have installed this library system through consortia membership, and others have done it individually. This article evaluates the performance of the INNOPAC library system in five libraries in the Southern African region using the performance criteria of Functionality, Usability, Support and Training, and Vendor. The article identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the system, and makes recommendations for implementation in other similar libraries in the region. It also outlines a proposal for an INNOPAC-based consortium for the Southern African region. Copyright © 2009 SAGE Publications.	INNOPAC library system; Library automation systems; Performance evaluation; Southern Africa	None	None
None	None	Performance of the ALICE VZERO system	Abbas E., Abelev B., Adam J., Adamová D., Adare A.M., Aggarwal M.M., Aglieri Rinella G., Agnello M., Agocs A.G., Agostinelli A., Ahammed Z., Ahmad N., Ahmad Masoodi A., Ahmed I., Ahn S.A., Ahn S.U., Aimo I., Ajaz M., Akindinov A., Aleksandrov D., Alessand	2013	Journal of Instrumentation	8	10	10.1088/1748-0221/8/10/P10016	Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT), Cairo, Egypt; A. I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation, Yerevan, Armenia; Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico; Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kiev, Ukraine; Bose Institute, Department of Physics, Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolkata, India; Budker Institute for Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation; California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, United States; Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China; Centre de Calcul de lIN2P3, Villeurbanne, France; Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Havana, Cuba; Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico; Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Rome, Italy; Chicago State University, Chicago, United States; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, IRFU, Saclay, France; COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, Pakistan; Departamento de Fisica de Particulas, IGFAE, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India; Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Università La Sapienza and Sezione INFN, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica E.R. Caianiello, Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Gruppo Collegato INFN, Alessandria, Italy; Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Division of Experimental High Energy Physics, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden; European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Fachhochschule Köln, Köln, Germany; Faculty of Engineering, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway; Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia; Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia; Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea; Gauhati University, Department of Physics, Guwahati, India; Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland; Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India; Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, (IITI), India; Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France; Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russian Federation; Institute for Nuclear Research, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation; Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russian Federation; Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, KoŠice, Slovakia; Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, India; Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Space Sciences (ISS), Bucharest, Romania; Institut für Informatik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany; Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany; Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS-IN2P3, Strasbourg, France; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russian Federation; Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, South Korea; KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey; Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier, Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France; Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, Frascati, Italy; Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, INFN, Legnaro, Italy; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States; Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation; National Centre for Nuclear Studies, Warsaw, Poland; National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania; National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar, India; Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Nuclear Physics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Řež u Prahy, Czech Republic; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States; Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russian Federation; Physics Department, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States; Physics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India; Physics Department, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Physics Department, University of Cape Town, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa; Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India; Physics Department, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India; Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy; Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States; Pusan National University, Pusan, South Korea; Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Rudjer BoŠković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia; Russian Federal Nuclear Center (VNIIEF), Sarov, Russian Federation; Russian Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation; Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India; School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Sección Fisica, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perü, Lima, Peru; Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy; Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy; Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy; Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy; Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Sezione INFN, Rome, Italy; Nuclear Physics Group, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, United Kingdom; SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand; Technical University of Split FESB, Split, Croatia; Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland; University of Texas at Austin, Physics Department, Austin, TX, United States; Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Mexico; Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, IPN-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France; University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States; University of Technology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria; University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States; University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, India; Vestfold University College, Tonsberg, Norway; V. Fock Institute for Physics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey; Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea; Zentrum für Technologietransfer und Telekommunikation (ZTT), Fachhochschule Worms, Worms, Germany; M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, D.V.Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow, Russian Federation; University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia; Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland	Abbas, E., Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT), Cairo, Egypt; Abelev, B., Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States; Adam, J., Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; Adamová, D., Nuclear Physics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Řež u Prahy, Czech Republic; Adare, A.M., Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Aggarwal, M.M., Physics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India; Aglieri Rinella, G., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland, Fachhochschule Köln, Köln, Germany; Agnello, M., Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy, Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Agocs, A.G., Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Agostinelli, A., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Ahammed, Z., Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, India; Ahmad, N., Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India; Ahmad Masoodi, A., Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India; Ahmed, I., COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, Pakistan; Ahn, S.A., Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, South Korea; Ahn, S.U., Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, South Korea; Aimo, I., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy, Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Ajaz, M., COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, Pakistan; Akindinov, A., Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russian Federation; Aleksandrov, D., Russian Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation; Alessandro, B., Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Alexandre, D., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Alfaro Molina, R., Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; Alici, A., Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Rome, Italy, Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Alkin, A., Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kiev, Ukraine; Almaráz Aviña, E., Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; Alme, J., Faculty of Engineering, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway; Alt, T., Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Altini, V., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Altinpinar, S., Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Altsybeev, I., V. Fock Institute for Physics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; Andrei, C., National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania; Andronic, A., Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Anguelov, V., Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Anielski, J., Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany; Anson, C., Department of Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; Antičic, T., Rudjer BoŠković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia; Antinori, F., Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy; Antonioli, P., Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Aphecetche, L., SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Appelshauser, H., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Arbor, N., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier, Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France; Arcelli, S., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Arend, A., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Armesto, N., Departamento de Fisica de Particulas, IGFAE, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Arnaldi, R., Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Aronsson, T., Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Arsene, I.C., Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Arslandok, M., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Asryan, A., V. Fock Institute for Physics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; Augustinus, A., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Averbeck, R., Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Awes, T.C., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States; Äystö, J., Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland; Azmi, M.D., Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India, Physics Department, University of Cape Town, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa; Bach, M., Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Badalà, A., Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy; Baek, Y.W., Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea, Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Bailhache, R., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Bala, R., Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India, Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Baldisseri, A., Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, IRFU, Saclay, France; Baltasar Dos Santos Pedrosa, F., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Bán, J., Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, KoŠice, Slovakia; Baral, R.C., Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, India; Barbera, R., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy; Barile, F., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Barnaföldi, G.G., Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Barnby, L.S., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Barret, V., Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Bartke, J., Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland; Basile, M., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Bastid, N., Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Basu, S., Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, India; Bathen, B., Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany; Batigne, G., SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Batyunya, B., Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russian Federation; Batzing, P.C., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Baumann, C., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Bearden, I.G., Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Beck, H., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Behera, N.K., Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India; Belikov, I., Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS-IN2P3, Strasbourg, France; Bellini, F., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Bellwied, R., University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States; Belmont-Moreno, E., Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; Bencedi, G., Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Beole, S., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Berceanu, I., National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania; Bercuci, A., National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania; Berdnikov, Y., Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russian Federation; Berenyi, D., Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Bergognon, A.A.E., SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Bertens, R.A., Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Berzano, D., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy, Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Betev, L., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Bhasin, A., Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India; Bhati, A.K., Physics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India; Bhom, J., University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; Bianchi, L., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Bianchi, N., Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, Frascati, Italy; Bianchin, C., Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Bielčík, J., Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; Bielčíková, J., Nuclear Physics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Řež u Prahy, Czech Republic; Bilandzic, A., Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Bjelogrlic, S., Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Blanco, F., Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain; Blanco, F., University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States; Blau, D., Russian Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation; Blume, C., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Boccioli, M., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Böttger, S., Institut für Informatik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Bogdanov, A., Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation; Bøggild, H., Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Bogolyubsky, M., Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russian Federation; Boldizsár, L., Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Bombara, M., Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia; Book, J., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Borel, H., Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, IRFU, Saclay, France; Borissov, A., Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Bossu, F., Physics Department, University of Cape Town, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa; Botje, M., Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Botta, E., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Braidot, E., Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States; Braun-Munzinger, P., Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Bregant, M., SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Breitner, T., Institut für Informatik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Broker, T.A., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Browning, T.A., Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States; Broz, M., Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia; Brun, R., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Bruna, E., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy, Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Bruno, G.E., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Budnikov, D., Russian Federal Nuclear Center (VNIIEF), Sarov, Russian Federation; Buesching, H., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Bufalino, S., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy, Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Buncic, P., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Busch, O., Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Buthelezi, Z., Physics Department, University of Cape Town, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa; Caffarri, D., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy, Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy; Cai, X., Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China; Caines, H., Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Calvo Villar, E., Sección Fisica, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perü, Lima, Peru; Camerini, P., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy; Canoa Roman, V., Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico; Cara Romeo, G., Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Carena, W., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Carena, F., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Carlin Filho, N., Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil; Carminati, F., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Casanova Díaz, A., Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, Frascati, Italy; Castillo Castellanos, J., Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, IRFU, Saclay, France; Castillo Hernandez, J.F., Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Casula, E.A.R., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy; Catanescu, V., National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania; Cavicchioli, C., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Ceballos Sanchez, C., Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Havana, Cuba; Cepila, J., Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; Cerello, P., Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Chang, B., Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland, Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Chapeland, S., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Charvet, J.L., Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, IRFU, Saclay, France; Chattopadhyay, S., Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, India; Chattopadhyay, S., Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India; Cherney, M., Physics Department, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States; Cheshkov, C., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, IPN-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France; Cheynis, B., Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, IPN-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France; Chibante Barroso, V., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Chinellato, D.D., University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States; Chochula, P., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Chojnacki, M., Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Choudhury, S., Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, India; Christakoglou, P., Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Christensen, C.H., Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Christiansen, P., Division of Experimental High Energy Physics, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden; Chujo, T., University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; Chung, S.U., Pusan National University, Pusan, South Korea; Cicalo, C., Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy; Cifarelli, L., Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Cindolo, F., Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Cleymans, J., Physics Department, University of Cape Town, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa; Colamaria, F., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Colella, D., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Collu, A., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy; Conesa Balbastre, G., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier, Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France; Conesa Del Valle, Z., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France; Connors, M.E., Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Contin, G., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy; Contreras, J.G., Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico; Cormier, T.M., Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Corrales Morales, Y., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Cortese, P., Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Gruppo Collegato INFN, Alessandria, Italy; Cortés Maldonado, I., Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico; Cosentino, M.R., Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States; Costa, F., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Cotallo, M.E., Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain; Crescio, E., Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico; Crochet, P., Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Cruz Alaniz, E., Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; Cruz Albino, R., Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico; Cuautle, E., Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; Cunqueiro, L., Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, Frascati, Italy; Dainese, A., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy, Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy; Dang, R., Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China; Danu, A., Institute of Space Sciences (ISS), Bucharest, Romania; Das, K., Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India; Das, I., Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France; Das, S., Bose Institute, Department of Physics, Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolkata, India; Das, D., Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India; Dash, S., Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India; Dash, A., Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; De, S., Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, India; De Barros, G.O.V., Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil; De Caro, A., Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Fisica E.R. Caianiello, Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy; De Cataldo, G., Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; De Cuveland, J., Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; De Falco, A., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy; De Gruttola, D., Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Fisica E.R. Caianiello, Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy; Delagrange, H., SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Deloff, A., National Centre for Nuclear Studies, Warsaw, Poland; De Marco, N., Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Dénes, E., Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; De Pasquale, S., Dipartimento di Fisica E.R. Caianiello, Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy; Deppman, A., Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil; D Erasmo, G., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; De Rooij, R., Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Diaz Corchero, M.A., Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain; Di Bari, D., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Dietel, T., Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany; Di Giglio, C., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Di Liberto, S., Sezione INFN, Rome, Italy; Di Mauro, A., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Di Nezza, P., Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, Frascati, Italy; Divià, R., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Djuvsland, Ø., Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Dobrin, A., Division of Experimental High Energy Physics, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden, Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Dobrowolski, T., National Centre for Nuclear Studies, Warsaw, Poland; Dönigus, B., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany, Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Dordic, O., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Dubey, A.K., Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, India; Dubla, A., Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Ducroux, L., Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, IPN-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France; Dupieux, P., Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Dutta Majumdar, A.K., Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India; Elia, D., Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Emschermann, D., Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany; Engel, H., Institut für Informatik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Erazmus, B., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland, SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Erdal, H.A., Faculty of Engineering, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway; Eschweiler, D., Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Espagnon, B., Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France; Estienne, M., SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Esumi, S., University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; Evans, D., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Evdokimov, S., Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russian Federation; Eyyubova, G., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Fabris, D., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy, Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy; Faivre, J., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier, Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France; Falchieri, D., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Fantoni, A., Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, Frascati, Italy; Fasel, M., Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Fehlker, D., Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Feldkamp, L., Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany; Felea, D., Institute of Space Sciences (ISS), Bucharest, Romania; Feliciello, A., Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Fenton-Olsen, B., Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States; Feofilov, G., V. Fock Institute for Physics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; Fernández Téllez, A., Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico; Ferretti, A., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Festanti, A., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy; Figiel, J., Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland; Figueredo, M.A.S., Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil; Filchagin, S., Russian Federal Nuclear Center (VNIIEF), Sarov, Russian Federation; Finogeev, D., Institute for Nuclear Research, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation; Fionda, F.M., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Fiore, E.M., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Floratos, E., Physics Department, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Floris, M., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Foertsch, S., Physics Department, University of Cape Town, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa; Foka, P., Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Fokin, S., Russian Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation; Fragiacomo, E., Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy; Francescon, A., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy, European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Frankenfeld, U., Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Fuchs, U., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Furget, C., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier, Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France; Fusco Girard, M., Dipartimento di Fisica E.R. Caianiello, Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy; Gaardhøje, J.J., Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Gagliardi, M., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Gago, A., Sección Fisica, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perü, Lima, Peru; Gallio, M., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Gangadharan, D.R., Department of Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; Ganoti, P., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States; Garabatos, C., Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Garcia-Solis, E., Chicago State University, Chicago, United States; Gargiulo, C., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Garishvili, I., Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States; Gerhard, J., Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Germain, M., SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Geuna, C., Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, IRFU, Saclay, France; Gheata, M., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland, Institute of Space Sciences (ISS), Bucharest, Romania; Gheata, A., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Ghidini, B., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Ghosh, P., Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, India; Gianotti, P., Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, Frascati, Italy; Giubellino, P., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Gladysz-Dziadus, E., Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland; Glassel, P., Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Gomez, R., Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Mexico; Ferreiro, E.G., Departamento de Fisica de Particulas, IGFAE, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; González-Trueba, L.H., Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; González-Zamora, P., Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain; Gorbunov, S., Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Goswami, A., Physics Department, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India; Gotovac, S., Technical University of Split FESB, Split, Croatia; Grabski, V., Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; Graczykowski, L.K., Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland; Grajcarek, R., Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Grelli, A., Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Grigoras, C., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Grigoras, A., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Grigoriev, V., Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation; Grigoryan, A., A. I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation, Yerevan, Armenia; Grigoryan, S., Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russian Federation; Grinyov, B., Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kiev, Ukraine; Grion, N., Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy; Gros, P., Division of Experimental High Energy Physics, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden; Grosse-Oetringhaus, J.F., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Grossiord, J.-Y., Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, IPN-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France; Grosso, R., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Guber, F., Institute for Nuclear Research, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation; Guernane, R., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier, Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France; Guerzoni, B., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Guilbaud, M., Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, IPN-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France; Gulbrandsen, K., Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Gulkanyan, H., A. I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation, Yerevan, Armenia; Gunji, T., University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Gupta, A., Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India; Gupta, R., Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India; Haake, R., Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany; Haaland, Ø., Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Hadjidakis, C., Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France; Haiduc, M., Institute of Space Sciences (ISS), Bucharest, Romania; Hamagaki, H., University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Hamar, G., Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Han, B.H., Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea; Hanratty, L.D., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Hansen, A., Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Harmanová-Tothová, Z., Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik	None	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70349634151	The challenge of integrating sustainability into talent and organization strategies: Investing in the knowledge, skills and attitudes to achieve high performance	Arnott J., Lacy P., Lowitt E.	2009	Corporate Governance	9	4	10.1108/14720700910985025	Accenture, Kelvin, South Africa; Accenture, London, United Kingdom; Accenture, Boston, MA, United States	Arnott, J., Accenture, Kelvin, South Africa; Lacy, P., Accenture, London, United Kingdom; Lowitt, E., Accenture, Boston, MA, United States	Purpose - This paper aims to address the importance of a framework for developing employees' sustainability knowledge, skills, and behaviors. Design/methodology/approach - The paper draws on in-depth interviews with executives from five Fortune 1000 companies that are viewed as market leaders in addressing sustainability. Findings - This paper provides a series of initiatives to equip their employees' talent - from top executives to employees throughout the organization - with the much needed, but often sorely lacking knowledge, skills and attitudes to spearhead efforts to attend to sustainability both today and tomorrow. Practical implications - The usefulness of demonstrating a company's suite of ongoing initiatives to address sustainability to potential employees during the recruiting process is highlighted by each company. Originality/value - The framework covered by this paper can help companies enhance their talent management skills. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Employees; Leadership development; Management development	None	None
WoS	WOS:000272445000006	The Developmental Impact of Asian Drivers on Ethiopia with Emphasis on Small-scale Footwear Producers	Gebre-Egziabher, Tegegne	2009	WORLD ECONOMY	32	11	10.1111/j.1467-9701.2009.01252.x	Addis Ababa University	None	(1252) Tegegne Gebre-Egziabher This paper examines the developmental impact of China and India on Ethiopia by examining macro-level trade, investment and aid relation, and micro-level impacts on local micro and small-scale footwear producers. Both secondary and primary data were used. At macro level there are clear evidences of an increase in trade between Ethiopia on the one hand and China and India on the other, though the trade balance disfavours Ethiopia. China has displaced other countries as export destinations for Ethiopia. Similarly, the presence of China and India is also felt in the areas of investment and aid. At local level, Chinese imports of footwear have forced local enterprises to downsize their activity and lose assets and money. At the same time, however, firms have followed both the high road of competition (design and quality improvement, investment in machinery, product specialisation) and the low road of competition (lowering price and profit, reducing raw materials and inputs, and joining the informal sector) to withstand the impact of Chinese imports. The long-term effect of Chinese imports is to crowd out local efforts of using the sector as the basis for industrialisation. Government, non-government organisations and local producers should work together in order to withstand the negative impacts of footwear imports by raising the competitiveness of the local producers.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000292102000011	How has Government policy post-Global Strategy for Plant Conservation impacted on science? The Ethiopian perspective	Demissew, Sebsebe	2011	BOTANICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY	166	3	10.1111/j.1095-8339.2011.01154.x	Addis Ababa University	None	In this paper, existing relevant Ethiopian government biodiversity-related policies and strategies, and mandates of various institutions prior to GSPC targets, are reviewed. Response to whether or not institutions responded to GSPC targets as the result of new policies or rebranded their work to fit within the context of existing policies and adjust their outcomes to fit into the GSPC targets is provided. The Ethiopian national report of 2009 submitted to the Convention of Biological Diversity Secretariat is reviewed and gaps analysed. The policies of the Federal government (and implementing institutions) post-GSPC so far have had only a limited impact on science, but research institutions have aligned their outputs to fit with the GSPC targets. Suggestions, conclusions and recommendations are made in order to work effectively towards the realization of the GSPC targets beyond 2010 in Ethiopia. (C) 2011 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 166, 310-325.	ETHIOPIA,"government biodiversity policies","GSPC targets"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000301996000017	Impact of perinatal somatic and common mental disorder symptoms on functioning in Ethiopian women: The P-MaMiE population-based cohort study	Alem, Atalay,Araya, Mesfin,Dewey, Michael,Hanlon, Charlotte,Medhin, Girmay,Prince, Martin,Senturk, Vesile,Stewart, Robert	2012	JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS	136	3	10.1016/j.jad.2011.11.028	Addis Ababa University, Ankara University, Kings College London, University of London	"Alem, Atalay: Addis Ababa University","Araya, Mesfin: Addis Ababa University","Dewey, Michael: Kings College London","Dewey, Michael: University of London","Medhin, Girmay: Addis Ababa University","Prince, Martin: Kings College London","Prince, Martin: University of London","Stewart, Robert: Kings College London","Stewart, Robert: University of London",	Background: Little is known of the relationship between perinatal somatic and common mental disorder (CMD) symptoms and impaired functioning in women from settings where the burden of undernutrition and infectious disease morbidity is high. Methods: A population-based sample of 1065 women from Butajira, Ethiopia, was recruited in pregnancy (86.4% of those eligible) and reassessed two months postnatal (954 with singleton, live infants). At both time-points, women were administered a modified version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (locally-validated) to assess somatic and CMD symptoms, respectively. Negative binomial regression was used to investigate associations of CMD and somatic symptoms with functional impairment (World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Scale, version-II), after adjusting for maternal anthropometric measures, physical ill-health and sociodemographic factors. Results: In pregnancy, somatic and CMD symptoms were independently associated with worse maternal functional impairment after adjustment for confounders (WHODAS-II score multiplied by 1.09 (95%CI 1.06, 1.13) and 1.11 (95%CI 1.08, 1.14) respectively for each additional symptom). In the postnatal period, the size of association between somatic symptoms and functional impairment was diminished, but the association with CMD symptoms was virtually unchanged (multiplier value 1.04 (95%CI 1.00, 1.09) and 1.11 (95%CI 1.07, 1.16) respectively). Limitations: Use of largely self-report measures. Conclusions: Somatic and CMD symptoms were independently associated with functional impairment in both pregnancy and the postnatal period, with CMD symptoms showing a stronger and more consistent association. This emphasises the public health relevance of both CMD and somatic symptoms in the perinatal period. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.	DEPRESSION,DISABILITY,POSTNATAL,PREGNANCY,"SOMATIC SYMPTOMS","SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA",CHILDBIRTH,COMPLAINTS,"GENERAL HEALTH QUESTIONNAIRE",GOA,INDIA,"MATERNAL DEPRESSION",POSTNATAL-DEPRESSION-SCALE,POSTPARTUM,RISK-FACTORS,VALIDATION	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84891818187	Major causes of organ condemnation for cattle and its financial impact at Wolaita Soddo municipality abattoir, southern Ethiopia	Abunna F., Hordofa D.	2013	Global Veterinaria	11	6	10.5829/idosi.gv.2013.11.6.8142	Addis Ababa University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Departement of Clinical Studies, P.O. Box, 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia; Hawassa University, School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box, 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia	Abunna, F., Addis Ababa University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Departement of Clinical Studies, P.O. Box, 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia; Hordofa, D., Hawassa University, School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box, 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia	Abattoirs provide information on the epidemiology of the diseases in livestock, in order to know the extent of the exposure of the public to certain zoonotic diseases and to estimate the financial losses incurred through condemnation of affected organs. Tracing the records of the slaughter houses from November 2010 to February 2011 was done at Wolaita Soddo Municipal abattoir to determine the causes of organ condemnation and associated financial loss. Out of 953 cattle examined 378 (39.68%) livers, 244 (25.61%) lungs, 39 (4.09%) hearts, 30 (3.15%) kidneys and 14 (1.47%) spleens were condemned. The major causes of condemnation were fasciolosis (61.1%) and hydatidosis (12.17%) for liver; hydatid diseases (62.3%) and emphysema (8.61%) for lungs; unknown causes (33.33%), pericarditis (23.08%) and hydatid cyst (23.08%) for heart; unknown causes (26.67%) and calcification (23.33%) for kidneys and hydatidosis (64.29%) for spleen. Rate of condemnations due to parasitic causes was higher in the liver (29.07%) than in the lungs (15.95%). Parasitic diseases particularly fasciolosis and hydatidosis were the major causes of economic loss through condemnation of affected organs. The total annual economic loss incurred due to organs condemnation at the study area was estimated to be 24,340 ETB (24323.49 USD). The current result suggests that a thorough investigation that leads to disease control strategy is required to reduce the economic and public health consequences. © IDOSI Publications, 2013.	Abattoir; Cattle; Ethiopia; Organ condemnation; Wolaita soddo	None	None
WoS	WOS:000269490000010	The Impact of Agricultural Extension and Roads on Poverty and Consumption Growth in Fifteen Ethiopian Villages	Dercon, Stefan,Gilligan, Daniel O.,Hoddinott, John,Woldehanna, Tassew	2009	AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS	91	4	10.1111/j.1467-8276.2009.01325.x	Addis Ababa University, International Food Policy Research Institute, University of Oxford	"Dercon, Stefan: University of Oxford","Hoddinott, John: International Food Policy Research Institute","Woldehanna, Tassew: Addis Ababa University"	This article investigates whether public investments that led to improvements in road quality and increased access to agricultural extension services led to faster consumption growth and lower rates of poverty in rural Ethiopia. Estimating an Instrumental Variables model using Generalized Methods of Moments and controlling for household fixed effects, we find evidence of positive impacts with meaningful magnitudes. Receiving at least one extension visit reduces headcount poverty by 9.8 percentage points and increases consumption growth by 7.1 percentage points. Access to all-weather roads reduces poverty by 6.9 percentage points and increases consumption growth by 16.3 percentage points. These results are robust to changes in model specification and estimation methods.	ETHIOPIA,EXTENSION,GROWTH,POVERTY,ROADS,PROGRAMS,"RURAL ETHIOPIA",SHOCKS	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84887043992	Reproductive performance of dairy cows under artificial insemination in south and northwest part of Ethiopia	Ali T., Lemma A., Yilma T.	2013	Livestock Research for Rural Development	25	11	None	Addis Ababa University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, P.O.Box 34, Debrezeit, Ethiopia	Ali, T., Addis Ababa University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, P.O.Box 34, Debrezeit, Ethiopia; Lemma, A., Addis Ababa University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, P.O.Box 34, Debrezeit, Ethiopia; Yilma, T., Addis Ababa University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, P.O.Box 34, Debrezeit, Ethiopia	A cross sectional study and retrospective data analysis were conducted to examine and characterize the reproductive practices and outcomes by location (district) and to identify cow factors that influence reproductive efficiency of dairy cows under artificial insemination (AI). Data were collected on reproductive events from 428 dairy farms in four districts from two regional states of Ethiopia. The overall mean age at first calving (AFC) was 34.8 (n=386) months, where it was significantly different across locations (districts). Mean days for calving to first service interval (CFSI) and calving to conception interval (CCI) were 222 (n=320) and 257(n=234), respectively. Even if breed and location differences had no effect on CFSI; CCI was significantly affected by location. Number of service per conception (NSC) for pregnant cows were 1.55 (n=234) and there was statistically significant difference (P<0.05) in the NSC between districts and between breeds. First service conception rate (FSCR) was 40.9% with significant difference (P<0.05) between location (districts) and breeds. Days after last calving (DALC) were 260.8 (n=331) and had significant difference between breeds. All the traits studied did not differ significantly (P>0.05) between parities. In Ethiopia, location and breed differences are still the major determinants of reproductive performance of dairy cows.	Breed; Calving to conception interval; Number of service per conception; Parity; Region	None	None
WoS	WOS:000263496700006	Impact of antenatal common mental disorders upon perinatal outcomes in Ethiopia: the P-MaMiE population-based cohort study	Abdulahi, Abdulreshid,Alem, Atalay,Araya, Mesfin,Dewey, Michael,Hanlon, Charlotte,Hughes, Marcus,Lakew, Zufan,Medhin, Girmay,Patel, Vikram,Prince, Martin,Tesfaye, Fikru,Tomlinson, Mark,Worku, Bogale	2009	TROPICAL MEDICINE &amp; INTERNATIONAL HEALTH	14	2	10.1111/j.1365-3156.2008.02198.x	Addis Ababa University, Kings College London, University of London, MRC, UK & Sangath Ctr	"Abdulahi, Abdulreshid: Addis Ababa University","Alem, Atalay: Addis Ababa University","Araya, Mesfin: Addis Ababa University","Dewey, Michael: Kings College London","Dewey, Michael: University of London","Hughes, Marcus: Kings College London","Hughes, Marcus: University of London","Lakew, Zufan: Addis Ababa University","Medhin, Girmay: Kings College London","Medhin, Girmay: University of London","Prince, Martin: Kings College London","Prince, Martin: University of London","Tesfaye, Fikru: Addis Ababa University","Worku, Bogale: Addis Ababa University",	To examine the impact of antenatal psychosocial stressors, including maternal common mental disorders (CMD), upon low birth weight, stillbirth and neonatal mortality, and other perinatal outcomes in rural Ethiopia. A population-based sample of 1065 pregnant women was assessed for symptoms of antenatal CMD (Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20: SRQ-20), stressful life events during pregnancy (List of Threatening Experiences: LTE) and worry about the forthcoming delivery. In a sub-sample of 654 women from six rural sub-districts, neonatal birth weight was measured on 521 (79.7%) singleton babies within 48 h of delivery. Information about other perinatal outcomes was obtained shortly after birth from the mother's verbal report and via the Demographic Surveillance System. After adjusting for potential confounders, none of the psychosocial stressors were associated with lower mean birth weight, stillbirth or neonatal mortality. Increasing levels of antenatal CMD symptoms were associated both with prolonged labour (&gt; 24 h) (SRQ 1-5: RR 1.4; 95% CI 1.0-1.9, SRQ &gt;= 6: RR 1.6; 95% CI 1.0-2.6) and delaying initiation of breast-feeding more than eight hours (SRQ 1-5: RR 1.4; 95% CI 0.8 to 2.4, SRQ &gt;= 6: RR 2.8; 95% CI 1.3-6.1). Worry about delivery was also associated with labour longer than 24 h (RR 1.5; 95% CI 1.0-2.1). This study provides preliminary evidence of important public health consequences of poor maternal mental health in low-income countries but does not replicate the strong association with low birth weight found in South Asia.	"birth weight","BREAST FEEDING","MENTAL DISORDER","obstetric labour complications",PREGNANCY,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA",ANXIETY,ASSOCIATION,INDIA,"INFANT GROWTH",INITIATION,LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT,"MATERNAL DEPRESSION",MORBIDITY,NUTRITIONAL-STATUS,PREGNANCY	None	None
WoS	WOS:000273194900009	Health professionals' attitudes and misconceptions regarding podoconiosis: potential impact on integration of care in southern Ethiopia	Davey, Gail,Deribe, Kebede,Yakob, Bereket	2010	TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE	104	1	10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.07.021	Addis Ababa University, Fayyaa Integrated Dev Assoc	"Davey, Gail: Addis Ababa University","Yakob, Bereket: Addis Ababa University",	Offering long-term community care for patients with podoconiosis (endemic non-filarial elephantiasis) is challenging, and requires co-operation between patients and their families, the community and health care professionals. Health professionals who harbour misconceptions about podoconiosis or stigmatize patients are likely to deliver substandard services and propagate such attitudes within the community. In January 2007, we used a structured self-administered questionnaire to assess knowledge of and attitudes towards podoconiosis among 275 health professionals in public and private health institutions in southern Ethiopia. Nearly all (97.8%) health professionals held at least one significant misconception about the cause of podoconiosis, and 97.1% responded incorrectly to one or more questions about signs and symptoms of podoconiosis. Around half (53.9%) incorrectly considered podoconiosis to be an infectious disease and were afraid of acquiring podoconiosis while providing care. All (100%) held one or more stigmatizing attitudes towards people with podoconiosis. These high levels of misconceptions and stigmatizing attitudes suggest negative effects of health professionals, seriously undermining integration between themselves, patients and community partners. We recommend pre- and in-service training of health professionals to overcome these misconceptions, to diminish stigma and to improve integration among those offering community care of patients with podoconiosis. (c) 2009 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	ATTITUDE,"chronic care model",elephantiasis,ETHIOPIA,PODOCONIOSIS,STIGMA,ASSOCIATION,DISEASE,"ENDEMIC ELEPHANTIASIS","NON-FILARIAL ELEPHANTIASIS"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000332072800013	School-based intervention: evaluating the role of water, latrines and hygiene education on trachoma and intestinal parasitic infections in Ethiopia	Aboset, Nigusu,Berhane, Yemane,Gelaye, Bizu,Kumie, Abera,Williams, Michelle A.	2014	JOURNAL OF WATER SANITATION AND HYGIENE FOR DEVELOPMENT	4	1	10.2166/washdev.2013.060	Addis Ababa University, Harvard University, University of Washington, University of Washington Seattle, Addis Continental Inst Publ Hlth, Family Hlth Int	"Williams, Michelle A.: Harvard University",	We sought to evaluate the impact of a hygiene and sanitation intervention program among school-children to control active trachoma and intestinal parasitic infections. This longitudinal epidemiologic study was conducted among 630 students in rural Ethiopia. Baseline and follow-up surveys were conducted to evaluate the impact of a three-pronged intervention program: (i) construction of ventilated improved pit latrines; (ii) provision of clean drinking water; and (iii) hygiene education. Socio-demographic information was collected using a structured questionnaire. Presence of trachoma and intestinal parasitic infections were evaluated using standard procedures. At baseline, 15% of students had active trachoma, while 6.7% of them were found to have active trachoma post-intervention (p &lt; 0.001). Similar improvements were noted for parasitic infections. At baseline, 7% of students were reported to have helminthic infections and 30.2% protozoa infections. However, only 4% of students had any helminthic infection and 13.4% (p &lt; 0.001) of them were found to have any protozoa infection during follow-up surveys. Improvements were also noted in students' knowledge and attitudes towards hygiene and sanitation. In summary, the results of our study demonstrated that provision of a comprehensive and targeted sanitation intervention program was successful in reducing the burden of trachoma and intestinal parasitic infection among schoolchildren.	ETHIOPIA,INTERVENTION,"PARASITIC INFECTION",SANITATION,SCHOOL,TRACHOMA,"ACTIVE TRACHOMA",ALBENDAZOLE,CHILDREN,DISTRICT,EFFICACY,PREVALENCE,PROMOTION,RISK-FACTORS,"SOIL-TRANSMITTED HELMINTHS",TANZANIA	None	None
WoS	WOS:000282333200023	Interim report: Review of evidence of the health impact of famine in Ethiopia	Mariam, D. Haile,Murray, V.,Taye, A.	2010	PERSPECTIVES IN PUBLIC HEALTH	130	5	10.1177/1757913910379197	Addis Ababa University, Hlth Protect Agcy	"Mariam, D. Haile: Addis Ababa University",	Historical accounts of famines in Ethiopia go as far back as the 9th century, however, evidence on its impact on health only started to emerge from the 15th century onwards. Unfortunately, famine has been endemic in Ethiopia in the last few decades. The 1973 famine is reported to have claimed over 300,000 lives. In 1985 approximately 10 million people were reported to be starving, with approximately 300,000 already dead and about 1,000 dying daily. In the following years, droughts leading to food shortage have had local and national adverse health effects, in particular in 1999/2000. This paper describes the initial findings of a literature review of evidence on the health impact of droughts leading to famine in Ethiopia and highlights gaps in knowledge. The key finding, thus far, is the marked paucity of health impact data. This review also highlights the fact that adverse health impacts of famines are probably complex and long lasting. Interpretation of any health impact data is difficult as there are few baseline data to compare. Health effects also impact livelihoods. Livelihood disruption following famine does not just affect one generation but also subsequent generations. Surveillance systems are needed so that records of the health impacts of a drought that leads to famine can inform action. With climate change bringing increased likelihood of drought and famine in some parts of the world, the findings of this review could be beneficial not just for Ethiopia but also elsewhere.	DROUGHT,ETHIOPIA,FAMINE,"health impacts",SURVEILLANCE,CRISIS,DROUGHT,MORTALITY,NUTRITION,PROVINCE,SUDAN	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34548414867	Cape Town and the two oceans marathon: The impact of sport tourism	Kotze N.	2006	Urban Forum	17	3	10.1007/s12132-006-0013-8	Department of Geography, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	Kotze, N., Department of Geography, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000295110800006	Long-Term Impact of Residual Symptoms in Treatment-Resistant Depression	Cleare, Anthony J.,Fekadu, Abebaw,Markopoulou, Kalypso,Poon, Lucia,Rane, Lena J.,Wooderson, Sarah C.	2011	CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE	56	9	None	Addis Ababa University, Kings College London, University of London, S London & Maudsley Natl Hlth Serv Trust, South London & Maudsley NHS Trust	None	Objective: Although commonly encountered, little work has defined the longitudinal course of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and the influence of residual posttreatment symptoms on longer-term outcome. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of posttreatment clinical states on longer-term outcome. Method: Patients (n = 118) with TRD received specialist inpatient treatment and were followed-up for a median of 3 years. Longitudinal outcome dichotomized into good and poor outcome was used as the primary outcome and functional measures were used as secondary outcomes. Results: Among 118 treated patients, 40 (34%) entered clinical remission, 36 (31%) entered partial remission, and 42 (37%) remained in episode at discharge. At follow-up, 35% had longitudinally defined poor outcome. Posttreatment clinical status was the main predictor of both poor and good outcome. Nearly 50% of patients achieved postdischarge recovery, and subsequently had longer-term outcome, comparable with patients discharged in remission. Patients who remained in episode posttreatment were more symptomatically and functionally impaired. Conclusion: Posttreatment clinical states are a useful guide to clinicians for projecting the longer-term outcome of patients with TRD. The persistence of residual or syndromal symptoms predicts a poorer longer-term outcome, whereas treatment to remission is associated with better outcomes.	COURSE,"FOLLOW-UP STUDY",OUTCOME,"treatment-refractory depression","treatment-resistant depression",FOLLOW-UP,IMIPRAMINE,ISSUES,"MAJOR DEPRESSION",OUTCOMES,"PARTIAL REMISSION",RATING-SCALE,RECURRENCE,RELAPSE,STAR-ASTERISK-D	None	None
WoS	WOS:000258977600014	The economic impact of HIV/AIDS morbidity and mortality on households in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Araya, T.,Davey, G.,Mariam, D. Haile,Reniers, G.,Tekola, F.	2008	AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV	20	8	10.1080/09540120701777256	Addis Ababa University, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Colorado System, University of Witwatersrand	"Araya, T.: Addis Ababa University","Davey, G.: Addis Ababa University","Mariam, D. Haile: Addis Ababa University","Tekola, F.: Addis Ababa University",	The present study investigates whether the household-level economic impact of an adult AIDS death is different from that of death from another cause. The data come from cross-sectional post-mortem interviews (verbal autopsies) with relatives or primary caregivers of deceased adults randomly selected from deaths recorded in an ongoing burial surveillance in Addis Ababa. Our analyses consist of three parts. First, we assess the sociodemographic risk factors for AIDS mortality. Subsequently, we reverse the causal order of this relationship and carry out an analysis of the effect of AIDS mortality on the subjective experience of change in the household's financial situation following the death of a household member. Finally, we quantify the direct and indirect costs of illness and death on the household. Results indicate that households experiencing an HIV/AIDS death are poorer than those experiencing a non-HIV/AIDS death. In addition, poorer households experience a greater decline in socioeconomic status following death of a household member. AIDS mortality has more detrimental effects on the household economic status than deaths due to other causes. While the difference between AIDS and non-AIDS mortality in terms of direct costs is minimal, the indirect cost of an AIDS death per household exceeds that of non-AIDS death by 58%. In conclusion, poor households are more likely to experience an AIDS death and in turn are more vulnerable to the socioeconomic impact of death. Therefore, it is justifiable to target HIV-impact mitigation programs on poorer households.	"Addis Ababa",ETHIOPIA,HIV/AIDS,MORBIDITY,MORTALITY,"socioeconomic impact",AFRICA,AIDS,EXPENDITURE,HIV-INFECTION,RISK,SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS	None	None
WoS	WOS:000345469000029	The impact of introducing new vaccines on the health system: Case studies from six low- and middle-income countries	Burchett, Helen E. D.,Chavez, Enrique,Edengue, Jean-Marie,Gelmon, Lawrence,Griffiths, Ulla K.,Kitaw, Yayehirad,Konate, Mamadou,Lagarde, Mylene,Mills, Anne,Molla, Mitike,Mounier-Jack, Sandra,Ongolo-Zogo, Pierre,Onyango-Ouma, Washington,Rulisa, Stephen,Torr	2014	VACCINE	33	49	10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.09.032	Addis Ababa University, University of London, University of Manitoba, University of Nairobi, University of Rwanda, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Minist Hlth, Yaounde Cent Hosp	"Burchett, Helen E. D.: University of London","Griffiths, Ulla K.: University of London","Lagarde, Mylene: University of London","Mills, Anne: University of London","Molla, Mitike: Addis Ababa University","Mounier-Jack, Sandra: University of London","Onyango-Ouma, Washington: University of Nairobi","Rulisa, Stephen: University of Rwanda","Torres-Rueda, Sergio: University of London",	Objective: We aimed to explore the impacts of new vaccine introductions on immunization programmes and health systems in low- and middle-income countries. Methods: We conducted case studies of seven vaccine introductions in six countries (Cameroon, PCV; Ethiopia, PCV; Guatemala, rotavirus; Kenya, PCV; Mali, Meningitis A; Mali, PCV; Rwanda, HPV). Interviews were conducted with 261 national, regional and district key informants and questionnaires were completed with staff from 196 health facilities. Routine data from districts and health facilities were gathered on vaccination and antenatal service use. Data collection and analysis were structured around the World Health Organisation health system building blocks. Findings: The new vaccines were viewed positively and seemed to integrate well into existing health systems. The introductions were found to have had no impact on many elements within the building blocks framework. Despite many key informants and facility respondents perceiving that the new vaccine introductions had increased coverage of other vaccines, the routine data showed no change. Positive effects perceived included enhanced credibility of the immunisation programme and strengthened health workers' skills through training. Negative effects reported included an increase in workload and stock outs of the new vaccine, which created a perception in the community that all vaccines were out of stock in a facility. Most effects were found within the vaccination programmes; very few were reported on the broader health systems. Effects were primarily reported to be temporary, around the time of introduction only. Conclusion: Although the new vaccine introductions were viewed as intrinsically positive, on the whole there was no evidence that they had any major impact, positive or negative, on the broader health systems. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).	"HEALTH SYSTEMS","immunisation programmes",INTRODUCTIONS,"new vaccines",AFRICA,"ELIMINATION ACTIVITIES",IMMUNIZATION,MEASLES,"POLIO ERADICATION",PROGRAM	None	None
WoS	WOS:000343734600001	Learning from developing countries in strengthening health systems: an evaluation of personal and professional impact among global health volunteers at Addis Ababa University's Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (Ethiopia)	Aboneh, Ephrem A.,Busse, Heidi,Tefera, Girma	2014	GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH	10	None	10.1186/s12992-014-0064-x	Addis Ababa University, University of Wisconsin Madison, University of Wisconsin System	"Aboneh, Ephrem A.: Addis Ababa University","Busse, Heidi: University of Wisconsin Madison","Busse, Heidi: University of Wisconsin System","Tefera, Girma: University of Wisconsin Madison","Tefera, Girma: University of Wisconsin System"	Background: The positive impact of global health activities by volunteers from the United States in low-and middle-income countries has been recognized. Most existing global health partnerships evaluate what knowledge, ideas, and activities the US institution transferred to the low-or middle-income country. However, what this fails to capture are what kinds of change happen to US-based partners due to engagement in global health partnerships, both at the individual and institutional levels. "Reverse innovation" is the term that is used in global health literature to describe this type of impact. The objectives of this study were to identify what kinds of impact global partnerships have on health volunteers from developed countries, advance this emerging body of knowledge, and improve understanding of methods and indicators for assessing reverse innovation. Methods: The study population consisted of 80 US, Canada, and South Africa-based health care professionals who volunteered at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in Ethiopia. Surveys were web-based and included multiple choice and open-ended questions to assess global health competencies. The data were analyzed using IBRM SPSS (R) version 21 for quantitative analysis; the open-ended responses were coded using constant comparative analysis to identify themes. Results: Of the 80 volunteers, 63 responded (79 percent response rate). Fifty-two percent of the respondents were male, and over 60 percent were 40 years of age and older. Eighty-three percent reported they accomplished their trip objectives, 95 percent would participate in future activities and 96 percent would recommend participation to other colleagues. Eighty-nine percent reported personal impact and 73 percent reported change on their professional development. Previous global health experience, multiple prior trips, and the desire for career advancement were associated with positive impact on professional development. Conclusion: Professionally and personally meaningful learning happens often during global health outreach. Understanding this impact has important policy, economic, and programmatic implications. With the aid of improved monitoring and evaluation frameworks, the simple act of attempting to measure "reverse innovation" may represent a shift in how global health partnerships are perceived, drawing attention to the two-way learning and benefits that occur and improving effectiveness in global health partnership spending.	Africa,COLLABORATION,"global health","Health systems partnership","reverse innovation","Twinning partnership",PARTNERSHIPS	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879830246	Evaluation of the prevalence, progression and severity of common adverse reactions (Lipodystrophy, CNS, peripheral neuropathy, and hypersensitivity reactions) associated with Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) and anti-tuberculosis treatment in outpatients in	Nemaura T., Dhoro M., Nhachi C., Kadzirange G., Chonzi P., Masimirembwa C.	2013	Journal of AIDS and Clinical Research	4	4	10.4172/2155-6113.1000203	African Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, P.O. Box 2294, Harare, Zimbabwe; College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe; Department of Health, Harare City Council, Zimbabwe	Nemaura, T., African Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, P.O. Box 2294, Harare, Zimbabwe, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe; Dhoro, M., African Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, P.O. Box 2294, Harare, Zimbabwe; Nhachi, C., College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe; Kadzirange, G., College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe; Chonzi, P., Department of Health, Harare City Council, Zimbabwe; Masimirembwa, C., African Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, P.O. Box 2294, Harare, Zimbabwe	Introduction: The use of many anti-retroviral drugs has been associated with a myriad of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) which could limit successful treatment outcome with respect to patient compliance and quality of life. An additional consideration is the high incidence of HIV infection with tuberculosis (TB) in Southern Africa, including Zimbabwe, and the use of co-treatment regimens. Methods: The study is a cross sectional, case-control study of 433 out-patients conducted at two hospitals in Zimbabwe. The patients were profiled for adverse reactions namely central nervous system side-effects (CNS), lipodystrophy (LD), skin hypersensitivity (SH), and peripheral neuropathy (PN). Assignment of the case and the control status of a patient was done based on occurrence of these adverse drug reactions in each of the HIV/AIDS only, TB only and HIV/TB co-infection patient groups. Results: Among the HIV/AIDS only treatment group (n= 240), the incidences of major ADRs were PN (63%), LD (38%), CNS (29%) and SH (21%). In the TB only treatment group (n=92), the major ADRs were PN (49%), CNS (29%), and SH (14%). In the HIV-TB co-treatment group (n=98), the major ADRs were PN (64%), CNS (39%), LD (6%) and SH (18%). A significant number of females were on alternate first line treatment that has no stavudine as compared to males (OR=1.98, CI (1.1, 3.59); p=0.03). Occurrence of CNS adverse drug reactions were more associated with patients on efavirenz than other HIV-drug combinations (43% vs. 17%, p<0.00001). Conclusion: The use of anti-retroviral drugs and anti-TB drugs is associated with very high incidences of adverse drug reactions. There is therefore need to understand the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic mechanisms of these ADRs so as to identify patients at risk and to provide guidelines for the choice of drug and dosage to ensure safe and efficacious treatment outcomes. © 2013 Nemaura T, et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864538166	School types, facilities and academic performance of students in senior secondary schools in Ondo State, Nigeria	Alimi O.S., Ehinola G.B., Alabi F.O.	2012	International Education Studies	5	3	10.5539/ies.v5n3p44	Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria	Alimi, O.S., Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria; Ehinola, G.B., Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria; Alabi, F.O., Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria	The study investigated the influence of school types and facilities on students' academic performance in Ondo State. It was designed to find out whether facilities and students' academic performance are related in private and public secondary schools respectively. Descriptive survey design was used. Proportionate random sampling technique was used to select 50 schools in Ondo state. Two set of research instruments named School Facility Descriptive and Students Academic Performance Questionnaire (SFDAPQ) for principals; and School Facility Descriptive Questionnaire (SFDQ) for the teachers were used for the study. T- test was used to analyze the data. All hypotheses were tested at a significant level of 0.05. The study revealed a significant difference in facilities available in public and private schools in Ondo State. It however revealed no significant difference in academic performance of students in the two types of secondary schools. Suggestions for the procurement of more facilities in public secondary schools were made in order to enhance students' academic performance.	Measure of effectiveness; Physical facilities; School types; Social wastage; Students performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892548336	External debt management techniques: An evaluation of the debt conversion programme on Nigeria economy	Henry O.A.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	10	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n10p216	Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Department of Economics, School of Arts and Social Sciences, Nigeria	Henry, O.A., Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Department of Economics, School of Arts and Social Sciences, Nigeria	The study evaluated the various debt conversion programme used by the Federal Government of Nigeria to manage the nation's external debt. It examines the problems and prospects of management techniques with a view to improving on them or possibly suggests new techniques which might be helpful in solving the external debt problem. Therefore, the research is focused on the external debt management techniques in Nigeria, with emphasis on the efforts of the central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the federal ministry of finance (FMF). Generally, the indebtedness of the country becomes a problem when the burden of servicing the debt becomes so heavy and unbearable that it imposes intolerable constraints on the economy and on the development efforts of the authorities. Managing the debt stock without stultifying growth has always has always been the headache of economic planners in Nigeria and other developing countries The pupation of this study constitutes the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the Federal Ministry of Finance (FMF) records and personnel, the sample used is the representative sample. This is because the sample reflects the conditions existing in the population. A total of 20 top management personnel of both the CBN and FMF including 5 top management personnel of the Debt Conversion Committee (DCC) were sampled. In this study, two types of data were collected that is, the secondary data and the primary data. In designing the instrument, care has been taken to ensure its effectiveness, the validity of the research questions were established found reliable at r = 0.82. The result showed that the management of Nigeria's external debt via debt conversion programme is effective(χ2cal 6.545 &gt; χ2tab value of 1.635;df=4; =0.05).Also, the Nigeria's debt conversion programme is realistic. (χ2cal 4.655 &gt; χ2tab 1.635;df=4; =0.05). However, the study revealed that the debt conversion programme is not the final solution to Nigeria's external debt problems. (χ2cal 4.655 &gt; χ2tab 1.635; df=4; =0.05). On the basis of the findings, it is therefore recommended that the debt management should be part of the macroeconomic policies of the month. The nation need not wait until there is a debt crisis before embarking on debt management. Also, accurate information on external debts should be sourced as this aids its efficient management on a day-to-day basis and external borrowing strategies in the planning framework.	Closed system; Commercial debt; Debt conversion; Debt management; Jumbo loan	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78651456579	Psychological Constructs and Academic Performance at the National Open University of Nigeria: Counseling and Planning Implications	Nelson Adewole I., Olajide Olawole A., Maruff Akinwale O., Akinola Gbadebo A.	2010	European Journal of Social Sciences	18	1	None	Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Lagos, Nigeria; Federal College of Education (Special), Oyo, Nigeria	Nelson Adewole, I., Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Lagos, Nigeria; Olajide Olawole, A., Federal College of Education (Special), Oyo, Nigeria; Maruff Akinwale, O., Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Lagos, Nigeria; Akinola Gbadebo, A., Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Lagos, Nigeria	The recognition of the importance of distance education in providing students with the best and most up-to-date educational resources available in addition to the traditional teaching methods that they receive has led to rapid transformation of several traditional Universities from single mode to dual mode ones. With the growth and acceptance of distance education, it is important to ensure the success of students in the programme. This study therefore aimed at providing a causal explanation of distance learners' academic performance through the analysis of some students' psychological variables.The descriptive research design of the 'ex-post facto' type was adopted for the study. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 1500 participants while purposive sampling technique was adopted to select the National Open University of Nigeria. Data were collected through three validated and reliable questionnaires. Two research questions were raised and answered with the aid of multiple regression analysis. The three psychological variables had joint contribution of 15.6% to academic performance. The order of importance of these variables to the prediction of academic performance is self-regulation, self-efficacy and self-concept respectively. Only self-regulations made significant contribution to academic performance. Students should endeavour to inculcate good selfregulations skills.	Academic performance; Distance learning; Psychological variables	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84871357624	Ground-based in situ measurements of near-surface aerosol mass concentration over Anantapur: Heterogeneity in source impacts	Reddy B.S.K., Kumar K.R., Balakrishnaiah G., Gopal K.R., Reddy R.R., Sivakumar V., Arafath S.M., Lingaswamy A.P., Pavankumari S., Umadevi K., Ahammed Y.N.	2013	Advances in Atmospheric Sciences	30	1	10.1007/s00376-012-1234-5	Aerosol and Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515003 Andhra Pradesh, India; Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkoido University, Sapporo, 0600819, Japan; School of Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa; Department of Physics, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, 516003, India	Reddy, B.S.K., Aerosol and Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515003 Andhra Pradesh, India, Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkoido University, Sapporo, 0600819, Japan; Kumar, K.R., Aerosol and Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515003 Andhra Pradesh, India, School of Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa; Balakrishnaiah, G., Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Gopal, K.R., Aerosol and Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515003 Andhra Pradesh, India; Reddy, R.R., Aerosol and Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515003 Andhra Pradesh, India; Sivakumar, V., School of Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa; Arafath, S.M., Aerosol and Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515003 Andhra Pradesh, India; Lingaswamy, A.P., Aerosol and Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515003 Andhra Pradesh, India; Pavankumari, S., Aerosol and Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515003 Andhra Pradesh, India; Umadevi, K., Aerosol and Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515003 Andhra Pradesh, India; Ahammed, Y.N., Department of Physics, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, 516003, India	Surface measurements of aerosol physical properties were made at Anantapur (14.62°N, 77.65°E, 331 m a. s. l), a semiarid rural site in India, during August 2008-July 2009. Measurements included the segregated sizes of aerosolsas as well as total mass concentration and size distributions of aerosols measured at low relative humidity (RH&lt;75%) using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) in the 25-0.05 μm aerodynamic diameter range. The hourly average total surface aerosol mass concentration in a day varied from 15 to 70 μg m-3, with a mean value of 34.02±9.05 μg m-3 for the entire study period. A clear diurnal pattern appeared in coarse, accumulation and nucleation-mode particle concentrations, with two local maxima occurring in early morning and late evening hours. The concentration of coarse-mode particles was high during the summer season, with a maximum concentration of 11.81±0.98 μg m-3 in the month of April, whereas accumulationmode concentration was observed to be high in the winter period contributed &gt;68% to the total aerosol mass concentration. Accumulation aerosol mass fraction, Af (= Ma/Mt) was highest during winter (mean value of Af ~ 0.80) and lowest (Af ~ 0.64) during the monsoon season. The regression analysis shows that both Reff and Rm are dependent on coarse-mode aerosols. The relationship between the simultaneous measurements of daily mean aerosol optical depth at 500 nm (AOD500) and PM2.5 mass concentration ([PM2.5]) shows that surface-level aerosol mass concentration increases with the increase in columnar aerosol optical depth over the observation period. © 2012 Chinese National Committee for International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Science Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.	aerosols mass concentration; backward trajectories; effective radius; size distribution	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880115352	Effect of feeding Prosopis juliflora pods and leaves on performance and carcass characteristics of Afar sheep	Ali A.S., Tudsri S., Rungmekarat S., Kaewtrakulpong K.	2012	Kasetsart Journal - Natural Science	46	6	None	Afar Pastoral and Agro-pastoral Research Institute, Afar Region, Samara 16, Ethiopia; Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Department of Farm Mechanics, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand	Ali, A.S., Afar Pastoral and Agro-pastoral Research Institute, Afar Region, Samara 16, Ethiopia; Tudsri, S., Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Rungmekarat, S., Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Kaewtrakulpong, K., Department of Farm Mechanics, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand	Twenty Afar male sheep with initial mean body weight ± SD of 17.87 ± 1.19 kg were used to evaluate the effect of replacing commercial feed with Prosopis juliflora pods and leaves on growth performance, carcass and meat quality characteristics. Animals were equally divided into four dietary treatment groups for 120 d (Rhode grass hay (RGH), RGH + 300 g ground P. juliflora pods (PJP), RGH + 150 g each ground P. juliflora pods and leaves mix (PJPLM) and RGH + 300 g commercial concentrate mix (CCM) per head per day). Total dry matter and crude protein intakes increased (P < 0.05) in treatments supplemented with ground PJP and CCM. The average weight gain and meat quality parameters obtained by supplementing with 300 g ground PJP were significantly higher than the RGH and PJPLM treatment groups, but were comparable with that of CCM. The present study demonstrated the potential of using PJP for Afar lambs without adverse effects on growth and carcass characteristics. However, the intake of PJP reduced when mixed with leaves and this indicates the leaves are unpalatable.	Afar sheep; Carcass characteristics; Feed intake; Growth; Prosopis juliflora	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77957238662	Gender differentials in the impact of parental death: Adolescent's sexual behaviour and risk of HIV infection in rural South Africa	Nyirenda M., McGrath N., Newell M.-L.	2010	Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies	5	3	10.1080/17450128.2010.507804	Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, University of KwaZulu Natal, PO Box 198, Mtubatuba 3935, South Africa; Infectious Disease Epidemiology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom	Nyirenda, M., Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, University of KwaZulu Natal, PO Box 198, Mtubatuba 3935, South Africa; McGrath, N., Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, University of KwaZulu Natal, PO Box 198, Mtubatuba 3935, South Africa, Infectious Disease Epidemiology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom; Newell, M.-L., Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, University of KwaZulu Natal, PO Box 198, Mtubatuba 3935, South Africa, Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom	Using data from a longitudinal surveillance study from rural South Africa, we investigated the odds of sexual debut, pregnancy and HIV infection of 15- to 19-year-old adolescents by parental survival. Using descriptive statistics and logistic regressions, we examine the relative risk of orphans compared with non-orphans to have ever had sex, being pregnant and being HIV infected, adjusting for age, sex, socio-economic status, education, being employed and residency. Of 8274 adolescents, 42% were orphaned (one or both parents died). Over 80% of adolescents remained in school, but orphans were significantly more likely to lag behind in grade for age. Female adolescent maternal (aOR 1.32, 95% CI 1.07-1.62), paternal (aOR 1.26, 95% CI 1.06-1.49) and dual (aOR 1.37, 95% CI 1.05-1.78) orphans were significantly more likely than non-orphaned females to have ever had sex; among males it was only paternal (aOR 1.27, 95% CI 1.05 1.53) orphans. Maternal (aOR 1.49, 95% CI 1.03-2.15) and dual (aOR 1.74, 95% CI 1.11-2.73) female orphans relative to non-orphaned females were significantly more likely to be HIV infected; male paternal (aOR 3.41, 95% CI 1.37-8.46) and dual (aOR 3.54, 95% CI 1.06-11.86) orphans had over three-fold the odds of being infected. There was strong evidence that death of mother for girls was associated with increased vulnerability to earlier sexual debut and HIV infection, while fathers appeared to play a significant role in both their son's and daughter's lives. © 2010 Taylor & Francis.	Adolescent; HIV/AIDS; Maternal; Orphanhood; Paternal; Sexual behaviour; Vulnerability	None	None
WoS	WOS:000305234200008	The impact of NERICA adoption on productivity and poverty of the small-scale rice farmers in the Gambia	Diagne, Aliou,Dibba, Lamin,Fialor, Simon C.,Nimoh, Fred	2012	FOOD SECURITY	4	2	10.1007/s12571-012-0180-5	Africa Rice Ctr AfricaRice, KNUST, Kwame Nkrumah University Science & Technology, NARI	None	The study assessed the causal effects of NERICA adoption on rice yields and income, using country-wide data of 600 rice farmers in The Gambia. To control for differences in socio-demographic and environmental characteristics of adopters and non-adopters and enable a causal interpretation of NERICA adoption on the variables of interest, the study used the counterfactual outcome framework to control for such differences. The results, based on observed sample estimates, showed significant differences in rice yields and income between the NERICA adopters and non-adopters. Further, the results of the framework, based on the Local Average Treatment Effect (LATE) estimates, which allowed a causal interpretation, showed that NERICA adoption significantly increased average rice yields and annual income of small-scale rice farmers by 157 kg per hectare and $148, respectively.	"causal effects",HETEROGENEITY,IMPACT,NERICA,"potential outcomes","THE GAMBIA","AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY",MODELS,PROPENSITY-SCORE,WEST-AFRICA	None	None
WoS	WOS:000344612400016	An Evaluation of Community Perspectives and Contributing Factors to Missed Children During an Oral Polio Vaccination Campaign - Katsina State, Nigeria	Achari, Panchanan,Ashenafi, Samra,Biya, Oladayo,Bwaka, Ado,Corkum, Melissa,Mackay, Susan,Mahoney, Frank,Michael, Charles A.,Newberry, David,Nguku, Patrick,Ogbuanu, Ikechukwu U.,Ohuabunwo, Chima,OPV Campaign Missed Children Study,Storms, Aaron D.,Sule, Ada	2014	JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES	210	None	10.1093/infdis/jiu288	African Field Epidemiol Network AFENET, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, United Nations Children Fund UNICEF, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, WHO	None	Background. Unvaccinated children contribute to accumulation of susceptible persons and the continued transmission of wild poliovirus in Nigeria. In September 2012, the Expert Review Committee (ERC) on Polio Eradication and Routine Immunization in Nigeria recommended that social research be conducted to better understand why children are missed during supplementary immunization activities (SIAs), also known as "immunization plus days (IPDs)" in Nigeria. Methods.aEuro integral Immediately following the SIA in October 2012, polio eradication partners and the government of Nigeria conducted a study to assess why children are missed. We used semistructured questionnaires and focus group discussions in 1 rural and 1 urban local government area (LGA) of Katsina State. Results.aEuro integral Participants reported that 61% of the children were not vaccinated because of poor vaccination team performance: either the teams did not visit the homes (25%) or the children were reported absent and not revisited (36%). This lack of access to vaccine was more frequently reported by respondents from scattered/nomadic communities (85%). In 1 out of 4 respondents (25%), refusal was the main reason their child was not vaccinated. The majority of respondents reported they would have consented to their children being vaccinated if the vaccine had been offered. Conclusions.aEuro integral Poor vaccination team performance is a major contributor to missed children during IPD campaigns. Addressing such operational deficiencies will help close the polio immunity gap and eradicate polio from Nigeria.	"missed children",non-compliance,OPV,"ORAL POLIO VACCINE","vaccine coverage"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904332448	Combining Ability Analysis of Storage Root Yield and Related Traits in Cassava at the Seedling Evaluation Stage of Breeding	Tumuhimbise R., Shanahan P., Melis R., Kawuki R.	2014	Journal of Crop Improvement	28	4	10.1080/15427528.2014.923798	African Centre for Crop Improvement, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; National Crops Resources Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Organization, Kampala, Uganda	Tumuhimbise, R., African Centre for Crop Improvement, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville Pietermaritzburg, South Africa, National Crops Resources Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Organization, Kampala, Uganda; Shanahan, P., African Centre for Crop Improvement, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Melis, R., African Centre for Crop Improvement, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Kawuki, R., National Crops Resources Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Organization, Kampala, Uganda	Selection of genotypes at the seedling evaluation stage of cassava breeding for advancement is largely based on high heritability traits. Moreover, combining ability and family data at this stage are rarely analyzed, leading to a loss of potential genetic information. This study was conducted to estimate the general combining ability (GCA) of nine cassava parents and specific combining ability (SCA) of their crosses for storage root yield (SRY) and related traits, as well as to determine the gene action controlling these traits. Thirty-six full-sib cassava families were developed from a 9 x 9 half-diallel mating design and evaluated in a 6 x 6 triple lattice design. The family mean squares (MS) were significantly different for all traits assessed, suggesting significant differences among families for all traits. The GCA MS were significant for all traits, whereas SCA MS were significant for only storage root number (SRN). Percentage sum of squares attributable to GCA accounted for >50.0% of variability expressed by families in five of the seven traits studied, indicating predominance of additive gene effects in controlling expression of most traits. Parent CT4 was the best general combiner for SRY, SRN, and resistance to cassava brown streak and mosaic diseases, while crosses NASE3 x CT2, CT5 x CT3, and NASE3 x CT4 had desirable SCA effects for SRY. Correlation analysis indicated a possibility of selecting for SRY and quality traits simultaneously. Simultaneous selection of these traits at the seedling generational stage of cassava breeding could reduce the cassava breeding cycle. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.	additive gene effects; crosses; Manihot esculenta Crantz; non-additive gene effects; parents	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903559734	The lover and another: A consideration of the efficacy of utilizing a performance poetry competition as vehicle for HIV/AIDS education among young adults	Wilson D., Suter K.	2013	Matatu	43	1	None	University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa	Wilson, D., University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa; Suter, K., University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84869393996	Measuring government performance in realising child rights and child wellbeing: The approach and indicators	Mekonen Y.	2010	Child Indicators Research	3	2	10.1007/s12187-009-9047-5	African Child Policy Forum, PO Box 1179, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Mekonen, Y., African Child Policy Forum, PO Box 1179, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Most governments have an impressive record in their formal accession to the relevant international child rights treaties. But the extent of their commitment to children varies widely and the gap between promises and reality remains wide. In response, we, at The African Child Policy Forum, developed an approach to measure government performance in realising children's rights and ensuring their wellbeing. The approach quantitatively measures how well governments are doing in meeting their national and international obligations to children through the Child-friendliness Index. This composite index is used to assess and rank the performance of all 52 African governments using a common set of indicators. It provides an indication of how prioritised children's issues are in African governments' policy agendas, and the extent to which those agendas are child-friendly. According to the Child-friendliness Index ranking, Mauritius and Namibia emerged as the first and second most child-friendly governments, respectvely, in Africa. In addition to these two, the "most child-friendly governments" group consists of both countries with high economic performance as well as those with a low status. The analysis also showed that national wealth and a high level of development are not guarantees of child wellbeing. The results further indicated that change and progress towards ensuring child wellbeing are possible and feasible even at very low levels of development and calls for: (a) adoption and implementation of effective laws and policies; and (b) a policy of child budgeting that prioritises the needs of children. © Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2009.	Child wellbeing; Child-friendliness; Governance; Government; Index; Performance; Policy	None	None
WoS	WOS:000208106500007	The cost and impact of male circumcision on HIV/AIDS in Botswana	Bollinger, Lori A.,Busang, Lesego,Fidzani, Boga,Moeti, Themba,Musuka, Godfrey,Stover, John	2009	JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY	12	None	10.1186/1758-2652-12-7	African Comprehens HIV AIDS Partnership, Futures Inst, Natl AIDS Coordinating Agcy	None	The HIV/AIDS epidemic continues to be a major issue facing Botswana, with overall adult HIV prevalence estimated to be 25.7 percent in 2007. This paper estimates the cost and impact of the draft Ministry of Health male circumcision strategy using the UNAIDS/WHO Decision-Makers' Programme Planning Tool (DMPPT). Demographic data and HIV prevalence estimates from the recent National AIDS Coordinating Agency estimations are used as input to the DMPPT to estimate the impact of scaling-up male circumcision on the HIV/AIDS epidemic. These data are supplemented by programmatic information from the draft Botswana National Strategy for Safe Male Circumcision, including information on unit cost and program goals. Alternative scenarios were developed in consultation with stakeholders. Results suggest that scaling-up adult and neonatal circumcision to reach 80% coverage by 2012 would result in averting almost 70,000 new HIV infections through 2025, at a total net cost of US$47 million across that same period. This results in an average cost per HIV infection averted of US$689. Changing the target year to 2015 and the scale-up pattern to a linear pattern results in a more evenly-distributed number of MCs required, and averts approximately 60,000 new HIV infections through 2025. Other scenarios explored include the effect of risk compensation and the impact of increasing coverage of general prevention interventions. Scaling-up safe male circumcision has the potential to reduce the impact of HIV/AIDS in Botswana significantly; program design elements such as feasible patterns of scale-up and inclusion of counselling are important in evaluating the overall success of the program.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-60949700706	The impact of translation activities on the development of African languages in a multilingual society: Duramazwi reMimhanzi as a case-study	Mheta G.	2005	Lexikos	15	None	None	African Languages Research Institute, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe	Mheta, G., African Languages Research Institute, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe	The article examines the impact of translation activities on the development of African languages in the multilingual Zimbabwean society. It analyses Shona musical terms created through translation processes and strategies such as borrowing, coining, compounding and derivation. Focus is on the way this ongoing term-creation is contributing to improving or hindering the development of Shona. The importance of such processes and strategies are discussed in the broader context of empowering African languages. The article also offers recommendations on how best to produce systematized terminology in music and other specialized fields.	Borrowing; Coining; Compounding; Derivation; Development of African languages; Multilingual societies; Terminography; Terminology; Translation	None	None
WoS	WOS:000207805600007	How Insecurity Impacts on School Attendance and School Dropout among Urban Slum Children in Nairobi	Izugbara, Chimaraoke,Mudege, Netsayi N.,Zulu, Eliya M.	2008	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONFLICT AND VIOLENCE	2	1	None	African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr	None	This paper discusses how perceptions of personal security can impact on school enrolment and attendance. It mainly focuses on threats of physical harm, crime, and community and domestic violence. These security fears can include insecurity that children suffer from as they go to school, maybe through the use of unsafe routes; insecurity that children feel at school; and the insecurity they suffer from in their homes. Although poverty can be a source and/or an indicator of insecurity, this paper does not focus solely on poverty as it is well covered elsewhere in the literature. The paper relies on qualitative data collected in Korogocho and Viwandani slum areas in Nairobi, Kenya between October and November 2004. The paper analyses data from individual interviews and focus group interviews and focuses on the narrative of slum dwellers on how insecurity impacts on educational attainment. The conclusion in this paper is that insecure neighbourhoods may have a negative impact on schooling. As a result policies that address insecurity in slum neighbourhoods can also improve school attendance and performance.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000263321100001	The impact of female employment on fertility in Dakar (Senegal) and Lome (Togo)	Beguy, Donatien	2009	DEMOGRAPHIC RESEARCH	20	None	10.4054/DemRes.2009.20.7	African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr	None	This paper investigates the impact of female employment on fertility in two urban contexts in sub-Saharan Africa: Dakar ( Senegal) and Lome ( Togo). The hypothesis that wage employment and maternal obligations are incompatible seems to be corroborated in Lome, where women are likely to consider work as a legitimate alternative to their role as a mother or spouse. Being involved in economic activity is a real option and can therefore impact upon their reproductive life. By contrast, in Dakar working does not seem to hinder family formation. Greater involvement of women in the labour force is not the main reason for fertility decline in Dakar. These findings illustrate how important it is to consider social gender-specific roles in order to accurately determine the influence of female employment on reproductive life.	,MODELS,"WOMENS EMPLOYMENT",WORK	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84919644294	Examining the impact of age on literacy achievement among grade 6 primary school pupils in Kenya	Hungi N., Ngware M., Abuya B.	2014	International Journal of Educational Development	39	None	10.1016/j.ijedudev.2014.06.003	African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Kenya	Hungi, N., African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Kenya; Ngware, M., African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Kenya; Abuya, B., African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Kenya	The main objective of this paper is to investigate the optimal age category at which primary school pupils from low income families perform their best in literacy at grade 6 level. Age is a potential learning barrier because of its link to cognitive development as well as its influence on interactions between pupils within classrooms. The sample consisted of 7041 grade 6 pupils, spread in 226 schools across six major urban slums in Kenya. Using descriptive statistics, we examine the distribution of grade 6 pupils' age. We then examine incidences of over-age pupils and incidences of grade repetition across various subgroups of pupils disaggregated by factors such as sex, wealth background, grade repetition, school type and geographical location. Finally, using multilevel techniques, we estimate the pupil age category that has greatest positive impact on literacy achievement at grade 6 after controlling selected pupil and school factors.Irrespective of pupil sex, grade repetition, wealth background, school type or geographical location the results indicate that grade 6 pupils perform their best in literacy when they are in the age category ranging from 10 years 6 months to 11 years 5 months. The results also indicate that, in general, younger pupils were likely to achieve better than older pupil in literacy regardless of the background under consideration. Implications of the findings for policy and practice as well as further research are outlined. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.	Grade repetition; Kenya education; Literacy achievement; Over-age pupils; Pupil age; Underage pupils	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84937637591	Randomized impact evaluation of education interventions: experiences and lessons from a reading to learn intervention in East Africa	Ngware M.W., Abuya B., Oketch M., Admassu K., Mutisya M., Musyoka P.	2015	International Journal of Research and Method in Education	38	4	10.1080/1743727X.2014.965252	African Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, 2nd Floor, Manga Close Off Kirawa Road, PO Box 10787-00100, Nairobi, Kenya	Ngware, M.W., African Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, 2nd Floor, Manga Close Off Kirawa Road, PO Box 10787-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Abuya, B., African Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, 2nd Floor, Manga Close Off Kirawa Road, PO Box 10787-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Oketch, M., African Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, 2nd Floor, Manga Close Off Kirawa Road, PO Box 10787-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Admassu, K., African Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, 2nd Floor, Manga Close Off Kirawa Road, PO Box 10787-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Mutisya, M., African Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, 2nd Floor, Manga Close Off Kirawa Road, PO Box 10787-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Musyoka, P., African Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, 2nd Floor, Manga Close Off Kirawa Road, PO Box 10787-00100, Nairobi, Kenya	This paper presents the experiences and lessons learnt during the design and implementation of the randomized impact evaluation (IE) of a reading to learn (RtL) intervention in early primary grades. The study was to assess the impact of RtL on literacy and numeracy among pupils in low-performing districts in East Africa. The intervention was designed in a way that in each country one district implemented an intervention package that included teacher training, and teaching and learning materials; while the other district implemented this same package with an additional parental involvement component. Baseline data were collected in mid-2009 in Grades 1 and 2, and in 2010 for the incoming Grade 1. The endline data were collected in mid-2011. A total of 119 treatments and 110 control schools participated in the study. The randomized design provided an opportunity to attribute causality and also qualitatively establish pathways through which the intervention impacted on learning. The paper provides lessons learnt and demonstrates how the challenges faced during the evaluation were addressed. Additionally, the paper shows how IE was utilized to provide robust evidence of what works thus enabling policy-makers to make decisions on sustainability and scale-up of education interventions. © 2014 Taylor & Francis.	early grades; impact evaluation; Kenya; learning; literacy; numeracy; reading; Uganda	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-65949110577	The impact of female employment on fertility in Dakar (Senegal) and Lomé (Togó)	Beguy D.	2009	Demographic Research	20	None	10.4054/DemRes.2009.20.7	African Population and Health Research Center, Shelter Afrique Center, Longonot Road, Upper Hill, 00100 - GPO Nairobi, Kenya	Beguy, D., African Population and Health Research Center, Shelter Afrique Center, Longonot Road, Upper Hill, 00100 - GPO Nairobi, Kenya	This paper investigates the impact of female employment on fertility in two urban contexts in sub-Saharan Africa: Dakar (Senegal) and Lomé (Togo). The hypothesis that wage employment and maternal obligations are incompatible seems to be corroborated in Lomé, where women are likely to consider work as a legitimate alternative to their role as a mother or spouse. Being involved in economic activity is a real option and can therefore impact upon their reproductive life. By contrast, in Dakar working does not seem to hinder family formation. Greater involvement of women in the labour force is not the main reason for fertility decline in Dakar. These findings illustrate how important it is to consider social gender-specific roles in order to accurately determine the influence of female employment on reproductive life.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84944315308	Impact of climate change on brackish water aquaculture development in the coastal areas of Niger Delta	Akinrotimi O.A., Edun O.M.	2015	International Journal of Agricultural Research	10	2	10.3923/ijar.2015.44.53	African Regional Aquaculture Center, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, P.M.B. 5122, Buguma, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria	Akinrotimi, O.A., African Regional Aquaculture Center, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, P.M.B. 5122, Buguma, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Edun, O.M., African Regional Aquaculture Center, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, P.M.B. 5122, Buguma, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria	The issue of climate change has generated a lot of concern among the general public in Niger Delta region in recent time. It has been described in different ways by many people based on their views, perception and understanding. However, little considerations have been given to the impact of climate change on brackish water aquaculture in the coastal areas of Niger Delta. This study therefore, review critically, based on existing literature and field experience, the causes of climate change, impact of climate change on aquaculture production such as: increase in temperature, flooding of ponds, increase in water turbidity, heavy siltation of pond bottom, introduction of new species, collapse of farms infrastructure and fluctuations in salinity levels. Also, various adaptation and mitigation strategies that will ameliorate the impact of climate change in aquaculture operations, namely: reduction in human activities that are inimical to stable climate, selection of good site suitable for fish farming, provision of shading materials for fish cultured in tanks, raising of pond dykes, good management practices and improvement of monitoring and early warning systems are explicitly elucidated. As these strategies will go a long way in minimizing the impact of this menace, in the brackish water zone of the region. Moreover, efforts should be made by relevant institutions and agencies to come up with coordinated plans and policies that will reduce the effects of climate change on brackish water aquaculture in the coastal areas of Niger Delta. © 2015 Academic Journals Inc.	Climate; Coastal environment; Fish; Fish farming; Niger Delta	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949806808	The turn of the south? Social and economic impacts of mega-events in India, Brazil and South Africa	Maharaj B.	2015	Local Economy	30	8	10.1177/0269094215604318	University of Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa	Maharaj, B., University of Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa	In the neoliberal era, competing to host global sporting events has become a prominent urban promotion strategy, and with a few exceptions, the scholarly focus has been on the western experience. In contrast, this paper focuses on the south experience with specific reference to the 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi, the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa and the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil. A common argument is that such sporting events provide global marketing opportunities that can attract foreign investment, which may serve as catalysts for development. A key goal is to promote the status and power of the post-colonial nation-state (although ironically ceding sovereignty to entities like FIFA for the duration of events). While there are some benefits, especially in terms of infrastructure development, the Indian, Brazilian and South African experience suggests that the privileged tend to benefit at the expense of the poor, and socio-economic inequalities were exacerbated. These points are illustrated in this paper with reference to evictions, loss of livelihoods and violations of human rights. Disturbingly, the cost of constructing new sports’ facilities and associated infrastructure escalated phenomenally from the original bid-document estimates, without any public oversight, and some are destined to be white elephants. The mega-events were largely organised and funded by the governments in consultation with the private sector, with little or no accountability to citizens, although such decisions had major implications in terms of the diversion of public spending priorities from more urgent social needs such as housing, healthcare and education. © 2015, © The Author(s) 2015.	evictions; legacy; livelihoods; mega-events; South cities	None	None
WoS	WOS:000303784900011	Impacts of e-health on the outcomes of care in low- and middle-income countries: where do we go from here?	Fraser, Hamish S. F.,Khoja, Shariq R.,Lun, K. C.,Mechael, Patricia N.,Moura, Lincoln A., Jr.,Piette, John D.,Powell, John	2012	BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION	90	5	10.2471/BLT.11.099069	Aga Khan University, Columbia University, Harvard University, National University of Singapore, University of Warwick, Assis Mouse eHlth, Vet Affairs Ann Arbor Ctr Clin Management Res & D	"Fraser, Hamish S. F.: Harvard University","Khoja, Shariq R.: Aga Khan University","Lun, K. C.: National University of Singapore","Mechael, Patricia N.: Columbia University","Powell, John: University of Warwick",	E-health encompasses a diverse set of informatics tools that have been designed to improve public health and health care. Little information is available on the impacts of e-health programmes, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. We therefore conducted a scoping review of the published and non-published literature to identify data on the effects of e-health on health outcomes and costs. The emphasis was on the identification of unanswered questions for future research, particularly on topics relevant to low- and middle-income countries. Although e-health tools supporting clinical practice have growing penetration globally, there is more evidence of benefits for tools that support clinical decisions and laboratory information systems than for those that support picture archiving and communication systems. Community information systems for disease surveillance have been implemented successfully in several low- and middle-income countries. Although information on outcomes is generally lacking, a large project in Brazil has documented notable impacts on health-system efficiency. Meta-analyses and rigorous trials have documented the benefits of text messaging for improving outcomes such as patients' self-care. Automated telephone monitoring and self-care support calls have been shown to improve some outcomes of chronic disease management, such as glycaemia and blood pressure control, in low- and middle-income countries. Although large programmes for e-health implementation and research are being conducted in many low- and middle-income countries, more information on the impacts of e-health on outcomes and costs in these settings is still needed.	,BEHAVIOR-CHANGE,"DISEASE PREVENTION",FOLLOW-UP,IMPLEMENTATION,"LABORATORY INFORMATION-SYSTEM",RANDOMIZED-TRIAL,SELF-CARE,"SHORT-MESSAGE SERVICE",SOUTH-AFRICA,SUPPORT	None	None
WoS	WOS:000313561800010	Conceptual Framework for Development of Comprehensive e-Health Evaluation Tool	Durrani, Hammad,Khoja, Shariq,Piryani, Usha,Sajwani, Afroz,Scott, Richard E.	2013	TELEMEDICINE AND E-HEALTH	19	1	10.1089/tmj.2012.0073	Aga Khan University, University of Calgary	"Piryani, Usha: Aga Khan University","Sajwani, Afroz: Aga Khan University",	Objective: The main objective of this study was to develop an e-health evaluation tool based on a conceptual framework including relevant theories for evaluating use of technology in health programs. This article presents the development of an evaluation framework for e-health programs. Materials and Methods: The study was divided into three stages: Stage 1 involved a detailed literature search of different theories and concepts on evaluation of e-health, Stage 2 plotted e-health theories to identify relevant themes, and Stage 3 developed a matrix of evaluation themes and stages of e-health programs. Results: The framework identifies and defines different stages of e-health programs and then applies evaluation theories to each of these stages for development of the evaluation tool. This framework builds on existing theories of health and technology evaluation and presents a conceptual framework for developing an e-health evaluation tool to examine and measure different factors that play a definite role in the success of e-health programs. The framework on the horizontal axis divides e-health into different stages of program implementation, while the vertical axis identifies different themes and areas of consideration for e-health evaluation. Conclusions: The framework helps understand various aspects of e-health programs and their impact that require evaluation at different stages of the life cycle. The study led to the development of a new and comprehensive e-health evaluation tool, named the Khoja-Durrani-Scott Framework for e-Health Evaluation.	e-health,evaluation,FRAMEWORK,OUTCOMES,THEORIES,INFORMATION-SYSTEMS,NEED,SERVICES	None	None
WoS	WOS:000287817800001	Parental control and monitoring of young people's sexual behaviour in rural North-Western Tanzania: Implications for sexual and reproductive health interventions	Fenwick, Angela,Stones, William,Urassa, Mark,Wamoyi, Joyce,Zaba, Basia	2011	BMC PUBLIC HEALTH	11	None	10.1186/1471-2458-11-106	Aga Khan University, University of London, University of Southampton, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine	"Fenwick, Angela: University of Southampton",	Background: Parenting through control and monitoring has been found to have an effect on young people's sexual behaviour. There is a dearth of literature from sub-Saharan Africa on this subject. This paper examines parental control and monitoring and the implications of this on young people's sexual decision making in a rural setting in North-Western Tanzania. Methods: This study employed an ethnographic research design. Data collection involved 17 focus group discussions and 46 in-depth interviews conducted with young people aged 14-24 years and parents/carers of young people within this age-group. Thematic analysis was conducted with the aid of NVIVO 7 software. Results: Parents were motivated to control and monitor their children's behaviour for reasons such as social respectability and protecting them from undesirable sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes. Parental control and monitoring varied by family structure, gender, schooling status, a young person's contribution to the economic running of the family and previous experience of a SRH outcome such as unplanned pregnancy. Children from single parent families reported that they received less control compared to those from both parent families. While a father's presence in the family seemed important in controlling the activities of young people, a mother's did not have a similar effect. Girls especially those still schooling received more supervision compared to boys. Young women who had already had unplanned pregnancy were not supervised as closely as those who hadn't. Parents employed various techniques to control and monitor their children's sexual activities. Conclusions: Despite parents making efforts to control and monitor their young people's sexual behaviour, they are faced with several challenges (e. g. little time spent with their children) which make it difficult for them to effectively monitor them. There is a need for interventions such as parenting skills building that might enable parents to improve their relationships with children. This would equip parents with the appropriate skills for positive guidance and monitoring of their children and avoid inappropriate parenting behaviour. As much as parents focus their attention on their school going daughters, there is a need to also remember the out-of-school young people as they are also vulnerable to adverse SRH outcomes.	,ADOLESCENCE,AFRICAN-AMERICAN,DESIGN,FAMILY,HIV,MOTHERS,"RISK BEHAVIORS"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84945410130	Diabetes: knowledge, psychosocial impact, and attitude of patients	Achigbu E.O., Oputa R.N., Achigbu K.I., Ahuche I.U.	2015	International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries	35	None	10.1007/s13410-015-0368-2	Department of Ophthalmology, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Department of Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria	Achigbu, E.O., Department of Ophthalmology, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Oputa, R.N., Department of Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Achigbu, K.I., Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Ahuche, I.U., Department of Ophthalmology, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria	The scourge of diabetes has been increasing worldwide with a tendency to double, from 176 to 370 million people by 2030 according to WHO prediction. In Nigeria, only 20 % of the 3.2 million estimated to have diabetes are aware of it. Among those already diagnosed, about 50 % have poor glycaemic control attributable to poor diabetes self-management despite effective medication. Diabetes self-management in addition to medical therapy, lifestyle modification and education are key to the management of diabetes. This study aims to determine the knowledge, psychosocial impact and attitude of people with diabetes to diabetes with a view to make recommendations for a more encompassing patient-based management of diabetes. A cross-sectional study using a structured questionnaire in the endocrinology clinic of the Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, interviewed 104 consecutive newly diagnosed patients with diabetes who willingly consented to the study. One hundred and four patients with an equal male to female ratio were interviewed. The 41–60-year (78.8 %) age group and traders (66.3 %) constituted the greatest number. Majority (58.7 %) heard of diabetes prior to their diagnosis, but many (41.3 %) did not. This knowledge was significantly associated with occupation (0.022). Many (84.6 %) were willing to disclose diagnosis to family and friends as well as join a support group (61.5 %). But, the major reason for this inclination was wrong. Many never heard of diabetes prior to their diagnosis. In spite of being aware, a diagnosis of diabetes is associated with different emotional responses and attitudes including willingness to disclose their diagnosis and get support. Appropriate treatment based on current medical knowledge, self-management education and development of diabetic support groups is recommended. © 2015, Research Society for Study of Diabetes in India.	Attitude; Diabetes; Knowledge; Psychology	None	None
WoS	WOS:000265567000026	The univariate and bivariate impact of HIV/AIDS on the quality of life: A cross sectional study in the Hubei Province-Central China	Bapumiia, Mustaafa,Jackson, Felicia Williams,Kobelo, Theresia M.,Liu, LI,Mkangara, Ommari Baaliy,Mweri, Saumu Tobbi,Nie, Shaofa,Wang, Chongjian,Xiang, Hao,Xu, Yihua	2009	JOURNAL OF HUAZHONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MEDICAL SCIENCES	29	2	10.1007/s11596-009-0226-x	Agakhan Hosp, Hondros Coll, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol	None	This study is aimed to evaluate the quality of life (QOL) for individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Hubei province-central China by using WHOQOL-BREF instrument (Chinese version). One hundred and thirty six respondents (HIV/AIDS individuals) attending out-patient department of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese CDC) were administered a structured questionnaire developed by investigators. QOL was evaluated by using WHOQOL-BREF instrument (Chinese version). The results showed that the mean score of overall QOL on a scale of 0-100 was 25.8. The mean scores in 4 domains of QOL on a scale of 0-100 were 82.9 (social domain), 27.5 (psychological domain), 17.7 (physical domain) and 11.65 (environmental domain). The significant difference of QOL was noted in the score of physical domain between asymptomatic (14.6) and early symptomatic individuals (12) (P=0.014), and between patients with early symptoms (12) and those with AIDS (10.43) (P &lt; 0.001). QOL in psychological domain was significantly lower in early symptomatic (12.1) (P &lt; 0.05) and AIDS patients (12.4) (P &lt; 0.006) than in asymptomatic individuals (14.2). The difference in QOL scores in the psychological domain was significant with respect to the income of patients (P &lt; 0.048) and educational status (P &lt; 0.037). Significantly better QOL scores in the physical domain (P &lt; 0.040) and environmental domain (P &lt; 0.017) were noted with respect to the occupation of the patients. Patients with family support had better QOL scores in environmental domain. In our research, QOL for HIV/AIDS individuals was associated with education, occupation, income, family support and clinical categories of the patients. It was concluded that WHOQOL-BREF Chinese version was successfully used in the evaluation of QOL of HIV/AIDS individuals in Chinese population and proved to be a reliable and useful tool.	AIDS,BIVARIATE,"CENTRAL CHINA",HIV,IMPACT,univariate,"WHOQOL-Bref Chinese version",DISEASE,"SOCIAL SUPPORT"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904244528	Development and performance evaluation of a motorized fish smoking kiln	Ashaolu Michael O.	2014	Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development	5	3	10.4172/2155-9546.1000225	Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering Department, Lagos State Polytechnic, Ikorodu Lagos, Nigeria	Ashaolu Michael, O., Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering Department, Lagos State Polytechnic, Ikorodu Lagos, Nigeria	Fish smoking is a major activity in the fish industry. In most riverside areas in Nigeria, where fish business is very prominent smoking operations are mostly carried out manually and under unhygienic conditions. The concept of the smoking kiln development is to ease the drudgery associated with traditional methods (drum smoking) in the riverside communities. In this study, a motorized fish smoking kiln was designed, fabricated with locally available materials. The smoking process is based on natural convection of heated air with temperature ranging between 60°C and 110°C. The fish smoking kiln has an overall dimension of1600×1220×70 mm and uses charcoal as the main source of energy. The average capacity of the smoking chamber is 120 kg. The performance test was conducted to ascertain its performance. The result showed that moisture content was reduced from 80% to 30% with an average smoking time of 60 mins. The study concluded that fishes smoked by the kiln have a longer shelf life during storage when compared with traditional (drum) method, due to hot smoking temperature which reduces moisture faster. The overall average percentage weight loss obtained for three species tested are as follows: Etholmosa Fimbriata (sawa)-36%, Scombridae mackerel (37%) and Clarias gariepinus (cat fish) -45%. © 2014 Ashaolu Michael O.	Charcoal; Fish; Motorized; Shelf-life; Smoking kiln; Temperature	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-53749102149	Effects of environmental variables on poultry performance and pond water quality in an integrated poultry/fishery farming	Falayi F.R., Ogunlowo A.S., Alatise M.O.	2008	European Journal of Scientific Research	20	4	None	Agricultural Engineering Department, The Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	Falayi, F.R., Agricultural Engineering Department, The Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; Ogunlowo, A.S., Agricultural Engineering Department, The Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; Alatise, M.O., Agricultural Engineering Department, The Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	The need to find alternative but productive means of managing animal waste in the modern day agriculture waste cannot be over emphasised. One important means of managing these wastes is through conversion to important use either as animal feeds or as manures. Fish farming can be combined with poultry, animal husbandry and irrigation practices, which can lead to higher production and net profits. This practice is called integrated fish farming or integrated aquaculture. The integration of animal husbandry, especially poultry, with fish farming in a small scale results in the production of organic manure for the fertilization of the fish pond to increase the production of the natural food organism (planktonic algae) to be eaten by the fish. In some cases, the poultry wastes are used as direct food by some fish without supplementary feedings, such species include Nile Tilapia and catfish. An integrated poultry/fishery housing unit was designed and constructed such that poultry droppings were made to drop into the ponds directly and used as feed for clarias gariepinus. The set-up was made of four concrete ponds on which three wooden battery cages were mounted except the fourth pond which served as the control. The ponds were stocked with twenty (20) juvenile clarias garipinus each. There were four treatments and 3 replicates, fish in pond 1, two and three were fed with droppings from one broiler, two broilers and three broilers respectively. While fish in ponds 4 were fed with the fish concentrate. A total of 6 birds (4 weeks old) and 80 juvenile clarias gariepinus were used. This experiment lasted for 6 months. During this period, the environmental parameters were monitored and the effect of poultry waste on the development of the fish was analysed. There were remarkable differences in the microclimate inside and outside the building. The birds were well protected from harsh environmental conditions and a uniform development was recorded. Pollution resulting from the use of poultry droppings adversely affected the development of the fish. Increase in the volume of droppings led to increase in the Bio-Chemical oxygen demand and Chemical Oxygen demand of the pond water which consequently led to a decrease in the dissolved oxygen. Water turbidity also increased with increased droppings. Other water parameters like conductivity, chloride and pH values were within acceptable values suggested in literatures. The system has shown the possibility of effective poultry waste management technique which ensured that nothing is wasted and waste handling problem is grossly reduced. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2008.	Droppings; Fishery; Integrated; Pond; Poultry	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84919790050	Comparative evaluation of economic benefits of earthen fish ponds and concrete tanks in aquaculture enterprises in Oyo state, Nigeria [Usporedba procjene ekonomske koristi zemljanih bazena ribnjaka i betonskih spremnika u akvakulturnom poduzetništvu držav	Olaoye O.J., Adegbite D.A., Oluwalana E.O., Vaughan I.O., Odebiyi C.O., Adediji A.P.	2014	Ribarstvo, Croatian Journal of Fisheries	72	3	None	Agricultural Media Resources and Extension Centre, Federal University of Agriculture, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Institute of Food Security, Environmental Resources and Agricultural Research, Federal University of Agriculture, P. M. B.	Olaoye, O.J., Agricultural Media Resources and Extension Centre, Federal University of Agriculture, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Adegbite, D.A., Agricultural Media Resources and Extension Centre, Federal University of Agriculture, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Oluwalana, E.O., Agricultural Media Resources and Extension Centre, Federal University of Agriculture, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Vaughan, I.O., Institute of Food Security, Environmental Resources and Agricultural Research, Federal University of Agriculture, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State,, Nigeria; Odebiyi, C.O., Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, Federal University of Agriculture, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Adediji, A.P., Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, Federal University of Agriculture, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	The study focused on the comparative evaluation of economic benefits of earthen fish ponds and concrete tanks in aquaculture enterprises in Ibadan, Oyo state. Primary data were collected with the aid of structured interview schedule, administered through personal interviews and obser- vations to elicit information from 100 fish farmers using purposive and convenience sampling procedure. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive, budgetary and inferential statistics. The study revealed that the mean age, male, married, household size, educated and fish farm- ing experience were 41 years, 83.0%, 87.0%, 5 persons, 96.0% and 8 years, respectively. Earthen fish ponds users earned mean revenue of ₦3,322,189.85 with gross margin of ₦2,188,397.89 while concrete tank users earned ₦2,412,271.08 with gross margin of ₦1,413,299.46. The results showed profitability indices (0.61 and 0.47), Variable Cost ratio (0.35 and 0.30), Benefit Cost Ratio (2.55 and 1.89), Gross ratio (0.40 and 0.54) and Expenses structure ratio (0.13 and 0.23) for both the earthen ponds and concrete fish tanks, respectively. There were significant differences (t = 42.53, p≤0.05) between the profit level of earthen fish ponds and con- crete tanks. Major constraints affecting economic status of the respond- ents were high cost of quality feed, insufficient funds, poaching and poor marketing channel. In conclusion, aquaculture is a more profitable and vi- able business regardless of the culture system. Government should assist the fish farmers by subsidizing feeds cost, granting and monitoring of loan. © The Author(s) 2014. Published by University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture. All rights reserved.	Comparative evaluation; Concrete tanks; Earthen fish ponds; Economic benefits; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903935462	Impact of microfinance bank loan on aquaculture development in Ogun State, Nigeria	Jacob O.O., Christianah O.O.	2013	Pertanika Journal of Social Science and Humanities	21	3	None	Agricultural Media Resources and Extension Centre, University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	Jacob, O.O., Agricultural Media Resources and Extension Centre, University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Christianah, O.O., Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	This study was conducted to assess the impacts of microfinance bank loan on beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries aquaculturists in Ogun state, Nigeria. A total of eighty aquaculturists (40 beneficiaries and 40 non-beneficiaries) were randomly selected from four agricultural extension zones, as classified by Ogun State Agricultural Development Programme (OGADEP). Data collected were scored and the percentages of the parameters were calculated appropriately. The types of loan disbursed to beneficiaries revealed that 27.5% was in kind, 7.5% in cash, and the remaining 65% was both in cash and kind. The credit package ranged between N50,000 and N250,000, with 40% of them ranging between N 100,001 and N150,000 were approved, and 70% of the loans were released timely. The results obtained from the membership of cooperative showed that 87.5% of the beneficiaries and 37.5% of the non-beneficiaries were cooperators. Meanwhile, 65% of the beneficiaries earned a higher income (N62,500), while only 42.5% of the non-beneficiaries earned this amount per respondent. Major constraints hindering aquaculture development in the study area include high cost of feeding, poor marketing channel, lack of adequate capital and high cost of investment. Lastly, recommendations are made for the financial institutions, government and other lending institutions on how to improve the livelihood of the aquaculturists, i.e. by increasing the loans that are usually granted. © Universiti Putra Malaysia Press.	Aquaculture; Constraints; Loan and microfinance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880673961	Nutritional evaluation of different sources of nitrogen on digestible nutrient intake, nitrogen balance and production of rumen metabolites in growing Yankasa sheep	Abubakar M., Adegbola T.A., Abubakar M.M., Shehu Y., Ngele M.B., Kalla D.J.U.	2010	Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture	22	4	None	Animal Production Program, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, PMB 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria; Department of Biological Sciences, School of The Environment and Society, Singleton Park SA2 8PP, Swansea University, United Kingdom	Abubakar, M., Animal Production Program, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, PMB 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria, Department of Biological Sciences, School of The Environment and Society, Singleton Park SA2 8PP, Swansea University, United Kingdom; Adegbola, T.A., Animal Production Program, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, PMB 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria; Abubakar, M.M., Animal Production Program, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, PMB 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria; Shehu, Y., Animal Production Program, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, PMB 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria; Ngele, M.B., Animal Production Program, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, PMB 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria; Kalla, D.J.U., Animal Production Program, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, PMB 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria	A study was conducted to evaluate digestible nutrient intake, nitrogen balance and rumen metabolites in twenty growing Yankasa rams fed urea and /or sundried broiler litter (SDBL) as a partial or complete replacement for cotton seed cake (CSC) in diets for 90 days. The diets were: 1(CSC; control), 2(urea), 3(urea/SDBL), 4(CSC/urea) and 5(CSC/SDBL). The results indicated difference (P<0.05) in DM intake across diets, with animals fed CSC, urea and CSC/urea having the highest values (543.1, 523.4 and 483.6 g/day respectively), while those fed urea/SDBL and CSC/SDBL ((459.5 and 424.3g/day respectively) had the lowest feed intake. Mean digestible CP intake differed (P<0.001)across the diets and the values were higher for rams fed CSC and urea (75.7 and 72.7g/day) and lowest for those on CSC/SDBL (49.0g/day). However, mean digestible ADF intake was similar among the diets. A positive nitrogen balance was observed for all animals across the treatments, with significant (P<0.05) differences between treatments ranging from 4.3g/day for rams fed CSC/SDBL to 7.5g/day for those on urea. pH decreased with time after feeding. At 3 hrs post feeding, pH was highest (P<0.01) for rams fed CSC/SDBL and CSC/urea (6.9) and lowest for those on urea alone (6.1) and CSC (6.2). There was a gradual increase in the concentrations of both rumen ammonia-N (RAN) and total volatile fatty acids (VFA) after feeding. Rams fed urea and urea/SDBL (37.5 and 34.2mg/100ml respectively) had the highest (P<0.001) RAN concentration 3 hrs after feeding, while those on the other diets recorded the lowest. On the other hand, rams fed CSC/SDBL (13.1mmol/100ml) had the highest (P<0.001) VFA concentrations while those on urea the lowest (10.5mmol/100ml). It was concluded from this study that diets containing urea and CSC/urea fed to Yankasa sheep gave results comparable to those fed cotton seed cake (control), which are better than for those fed sundried broiler litterbased diets in terms of digestible nutrients intake, positive nitrogen balance and production of adequate rumen ammonia-N. However, rams fed CSC/SDBL had a better concentration of total volatile fatty acids of rumen fluid after feeding.	Nitrogen balance; Nitrogen sources; Nutrient intake; Rumen metabolites; Yankasa sheep	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84878992794	Evaluation of the undergraduate physics programme at indira gandhi national open university: A case study	Mishra A., Vijayshri, Garg S.	2009	International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning	10	6	None	BJB College, Bhubaneswar, India; Indira Gandhi National Open University, India; National University of Lesotho, South Africa	Mishra, A., BJB College, Bhubaneswar, India; Vijayshri, Indira Gandhi National Open University, India; Garg, S., National University of Lesotho, South Africa	The undergraduate science programme was launched at the Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) in 1991-92 with an enrolment of 1,210 students. The programme was well received, and enrolments increased over the years. However,the success rates have not kept pace with enrolment. In this paper, the authors report the results of an evaluation of the undergraduate physics programme at IGNOU. The evaluation, the first of its type for this programme, adapted the major tenets of the CIPP model. The findings are based on the responses from a randomly chosen sample of 509 learners across India. The methods employed for the study include records, document, and database analysis, surveys, and case studies. Although the University has enhanced access to higher science education, the attrition rate is high (73%), and the success rate is low. The authors recommend that the University review and reorient its strategies for providing good quality, learner-centred higher education in science subjects. The programme should address the concerns of the learners about the effectiveness of the student support systems, the difficulty level, and the learner-friendliness of study materials with the goal of achieving long-term sustainability while maintaining parity with the conventional system. The need for improving the presentation of the courses and simplifying the mathematical details is emphasised.	Open learning; Physics; Science education	None	None
WoS	WOS:000208237600006	An Evaluative Study of a Distance Teacher Education Program in a University in Ghana	Sampong, Kwasi Addo	2009	INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF RESEARCH IN OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING	10	4	None	Cent Univ Coll	None	The study used an adaptation of Provus' discrepancy evaluation model to evaluate a distance teacher education program in the University of Cape Coast, the premier teacher education institution in Ghana. The study involved comparing performance data of the program as perceived by students and faculty/administrators to standards prepared from the program's design. Performance data was obtained by administering two survey instruments to a random sample of students and faculty/administrators. Discrepancies between performance and standards were reported. The study concluded that although there were some discrepancies between program standards and performance the program is fulfilling its purpose of upgrading the professional and academic performance of a large number of teachers in the public K-8 schools in Ghana.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000242694600004	Development of a participatory monitoring and evaluation strategy	Forde, Sarah,Holte-McKenzie, Merydth,Theobald, Sally	2006	EVALUATION AND PROGRAM PLANNING	29	4	10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2006.08.007	Agriteam Canada Consulting Ltd, Moving Goalposts Kilifi, Univ Liverpool Liverpool Sch Trop Med	None	This paper describes the process of developing a participatory monitoring and evaluation strategy for a Kenyan youth-based NGO. The iterative nature of the study including the process of narrowing down indicators to measure and methods to monitor/evaluate these is well documented. A discussion on the extent to which the process achieved participation and was empowering for the participants reflects on existing power relationships and cultural context of Kenya and points to the need to create opportunities for youth where they engage with the broader community. Lessons that emerge out of the study focus on the importance of prioritizing monitoring and evaluation, the potential of youth to carry out effective monitoring and evaluation, and the need for researchers to engage respectfully with communities and participants. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd.	"capacity building",EMPOWERMENT,evaluation,MONITORING,participatory,YOUTH,HEALTH-CARE,"WOMENS EMPOWERMENT"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960421455	Comparative evaluation of different organic fertilizers on the soil fertility, leaf minerals composition and growth performance of dikanut seedlings (Irvingia gabonnesis L.)	Moyin-Jesu E.I.	2008	Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture	20	2	None	Agronomy Department, Federal College of Agriculture, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	Moyin-Jesu, E.I., Agronomy Department, Federal College of Agriculture, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	An experiment was carried out at Akure in the rainforest zone of Nigeria to determine the effectiveness, of ten organic fertilizers on plant growth, soil fertility, and leaf nutrients composition of dikanut seedlings in the nursery. The organic fertilizer treatments were applied at 8t/ha (40g/10kg soil) to each polybag, a reference treatment NPK 15-15-15 compound fertilizer applied at 2g NPK/10kg soil (400kg/ha) and a control treatment (no chemical fertilizer nor manure), arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) and replicated four times. The results showed that the organic fertilizers increased the seedlings' growth significantly (P<0.05), leaf and soil N, P, K, Ca, Mg, soil pH and O.M of dikanut compared to the control treatment. The oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure increased the plant height, leaf area, stem girth, leaf numbers and root length of dikanut seedlings by 22%, 50%, 33%, 21% and 49% respectively, when compared to the NPK chemical fertilizer treatment. It also increased the leaf N, P, K, Ca and Mg of dikanut seedlings by 35%, 37%, 39%, 36% and 65.3% respectively compared to the sole application of poultry manure. Oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure treatment increased the soil pH, O.M, N. P, K, Ca, Mg by 6%, 13%, 19%, 28%, 32%, 33% and 21% respectively compared to the cocoa husk + spent grain treatment. Therefore the, oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure applied at 8t/ha was the most effective treatment in increasing growth, soil and leaf parameters of dikanut seedlings.	Dikanut seedlings; Growth performance; Leaf mineral composition; Organic fertilizers; Soil fertility	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84865618859	Comparative evaluation of modified neem leaf, wood ash and neem leaf extracts for seed treatment and pest control in maize (Zea mays L.)	Moyin-Jesu E.I.	2010	Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture	22	1	None	Agronomy Department, Federal College of Agriculture, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	Moyin-Jesu, E.I., Agronomy Department, Federal College of Agriculture, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	An experiment was conducted at Akure, rainforest zone of Nigeria to evaluate the effectiveness of neem leaf, wood ash extracts, modified neem leaf extract, Apron star 42WS and Karate 720EC as seed treatment and pest control in maize. The organic treatment extracts namely neem leaf extract, wood ash extract applied at 1200ml per hectare and modified neem leaf extract (1:1 ratio 600ml wood ash + 600ml neem leaf extract) were compared with Apron star 42WS (seed treatment), Karate 720EC and control treatment (no neem leaf, wood ash extracts nor Karate),replicated four times and arranged in randomized complete block design. The results showed that there were significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) in the germination counts, insect population, number of damaged leaves, growth and yield parameters of maize under different treatments compared to the control treatment. The modified neem leaf extract performed better in germination counts, reduction of damaged leaves, insect population and yield of maize than the sole application of neem leaf and wood ash. For percentage germination counts, Apron star 42WS had 65% followed by modified neem leaf extract (57%), wood ash extract (51%), neem leaf extract (47%) respectively. Modified neem leaf extract increased the leaf area, plant height and stem girth of maize by 8%, 5% and 7% respectively compared to the neem leaf (sole) extract. Generally, modified neem leaf extract had the best values of maize growth parameters followed by Karate, neem leaf and wood ash extracts respectively. Modified neem leaf extract decreased significantly the insect population, number of damaged leaves and number of holes per plant in maize by 33%, 70% and 30% respectively compared to the neem leaf extract (sole). When compared to modified neem extract, Karate decreased the number of damaged leaves per sample plot by 33%. However, there was no significant difference between karate and modified neem extract for insect population. For yield parameters, modified neem leaf extract significantly increased the maize yield gains by 15%, 14% and 2% compared to neem leaf, wood ash extracts and karate treatments respectively. However, wood ash and neem leaf extracts did not affect significantly the maize yield. Therefore, the modified neem leaf extract applied at 1200L/ha (3L/25m2) was most effective for pest control and seed treatment in maize crop.	Modified neem leaf; Neem leaf; Pest control and maize; Wood ash extract	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84878793878	Comparative evaluation of different organic fertilizers on the soil fertility, leaf mineral composition and growth of bitter kola seedlings	Moyin-Jesu E.I., Adeofun C.O.	2008	Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture	20	1	None	Agronomy Department, Federal College of Agriculture, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; College of Environmental Studies, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	Moyin-Jesu, E.I., Agronomy Department, Federal College of Agriculture, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; Adeofun, C.O., College of Environmental Studies, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	The effect of oil palm bunch ash, spent grain, poultry and turkey manures applied solely and their supplemented forms, as sources of fertilizer on soil fertility, leaf mineral composition and growth of bitter kola (Garnicia colae) seedlings was investigated at Akure in the rainforest zone of Nigeria. The eight organic fertilizer treatments: spent grain, oil palm bunch ash, poultry manure, turkey manure, spent grain + poultry manure, spent grain + turkey manure, oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure and oil palm bunch ash + turkey manure were applied at 40g per 10kg soil filled polybag (8t/ha dry weight) with a reference treatment 400kg/ha NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer (2g per bag) and arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) and replicated three times. The supplemented or amended treatments were applied at a 50:50% by weight (20g each). The results showed that these organic fertilizers increased the growth parameters, soil and leaf N, P, K, Ca and Mg, soil pH and organic matter significantly (P<0.05) compared to the control treatment. The supplements of oil palm bunch ash and wood ash with poultry and turkey manures increased consistently the growth, soil and leaf mineral compared to their sole forms. Oil pal bunch ash + poultry manure increased the leaf N (52%), P (27%), K (44%), Ca (39%) and Mg (51%) compared to the sole application of poultry manure. When compared with NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer, the oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure treatment increased the plant height (40%) leaf area (50%), stem girth (45%) number of leaves (53%), and fresh shoot weight (29%). For soil chemical composition, the oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure treatment increased the soil pH (28%), O.M. (92%), P (26.3%), Ca (99%), Mg (98%) and Na (93%) compared to the NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer. However, the NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer increased the soil K by 11% compared to the former. The high soil K/Ca, K/Mg and P/Mg ratios in the NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer treatment led to an imbalance in the supply of P, K, Ca and Mg nutrient to bitter kola seedlings. In these experiments, oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure applied at 8t/ha was most effective treatment in improving bitter kola growth parameters, soil and leaf mineral composition.	Bitter kola seedlings.; Growth parameters; Leaf mineral composition; Organic fertilizer; Soil fertility	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84875021820	Comparative evaluation of different organic fertilizer on the soil fertility, leaf mineral composition, and growth performance of mango seedlings (Magnifera indica L.)	Moyin-Jesu E.I., Adeofun C.O.	2008	Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture	20	1	None	Agronomy Department, Federal College of Agriculture, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria; College of Environmental Studies, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	Moyin-Jesu, E.I., Agronomy Department, Federal College of Agriculture, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria; Adeofun, C.O., College of Environmental Studies, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	An investigation was carried out at Akure in the rainforest of Nigeria to determine the effectiveness of sole and amended oil palm bunch ash and spent grain with poultry and turkey manures as sources of fertilizers on the growth of mango seedlings (Magnifera indica L) in the nursery. Eight organic fertilizer treatments, spent grain, oil palm bunch ash, poultry manure, turkey manures (sole forms), oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure, oil palm bunch ash + turkey manure, spent grain + poultry manure, spent grain + turkey manure, were applied at 8t/ha (40g per 10kg soil filled poly bag) with an NPK fertilizer 400kg/ha (2g per bag) treatment as a reference and a control (no fertilizer; no manure), replicated three times and arranged in a completely randomized design. The results showed that the organic fertilizers increased significantly (P<0.05) plant height, leaf area, stem girth, number of leaves of mango seedlings and root length, soil and leaf N, P, K, Ca and Mg, soil pH and organic matter contents relative to the control treatment. Oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure treatment increased the plant height, stem girth, leaf area, leaf number and root length of mango seedlings by 22%, 24%, 1%, 27% and 10% respectively, compared to NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer treatment. Amended oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure treatment also increased the soil pH (H2O), O.M., N, P, Ca and Mg by 27%, 79%, 30%, 26%, 99% and 99.2% respectively compared to NPK fertilizer treatment. In addition, it also increased the leaf N, P, K, Ca and Mg by 37%, 45%, 18%, 35%, and 15% respectively compared to the oil palm bunch ash (sole) treatment. However, NPK 15- 15-15 fertilizers increased only soil K by 10% compared to the oil palm bunch ash (sole) treatment. The highest soil K/Ca, K/Mg and P/Mg ratios in NPK fertilizer treatment led to imbalance in the supply of P, K, Ca and Mg nutrients to mango. Oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure treatment applied at 8t/ha was the most effective treatment in improving mango growth parameters, leaf mineral composition, and soil fertility.	Growth performance and mango seedlings.; Leaf mineral composition; Organic fertilizers; Soil fertility	None	None
WoS	WOS:000327073900019	The impact of HIV status, HIV disease progression, and post-traumatic stress symptoms on the health-related quality of life of Rwandan women genocide survivors	Adedimeji, Adebola A.,Anastos, Kathryn,Cohen, Mardge H.,Gard, Tracy L.,Hoover, Donald R.,Mutimura, Eugene,Shi, Qiuhu	2013	QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH	22	8	10.1007/s11136-012-0328-y	Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York Medical College, Rush University, Rutgers State University, Yeshiva University, Kigali Hlth Inst	"Cohen, Mardge H.: Rush University","Hoover, Donald R.: Rutgers State University","Shi, Qiuhu: New York Medical College",	We examined whether established associations between HIV disease and HIV disease progression on worse health-related quality of life (HQOL) were applicable to women with severe trauma histories, in this case Rwandan women genocide survivors, the majority of whom were HIV-infected. Additionally, this study attempted to clarify whether post-traumatic stress symptoms were uniquely associated with HQOL or confounded with depression. The Rwandan Women's Interassociation Study and Assessment was a longitudinal prospective study of HIV-infected and uninfected women. At study entry, 922 women (705 HIV+ and 217 HIV-) completed measures of symptoms of post-traumatic stress and HQOL as well as other demographic, clinical, and behavioral characteristics. Even after controlling for potential confounders and mediators, HIV+ women, in particular those with the lowest CD4 counts, scored significantly worse on HQOL and overall quality of life (QOL) than did HIV- women. Even after controlling for depression and HIV disease progression, women with more post-traumatic stress symptoms scored worse on HQOL and overall QOL than women with fewer post-traumatic stress symptoms. This study demonstrated that post-traumatic stress symptoms were independently associated with HQOL and overall QOL, independent of depression and other confounders or potential mediators. Future research should examine whether the long-term impact of treatment on physical and psychological symptoms of HIV and post-traumatic stress symptoms would generate improvement in HQOL.	HIV,"post-traumatic stress disorder","QUALITY OF LIFE",RWANDA,WOMEN,"ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",DEPRESSION,DISORDER,INFECTION,PEOPLE,PREDICTORS,RAPE,SOUTH,TRAUMA,WORLD	None	None
WoS	WOS:000313314600007	Impact of a customized peer-facilitators training program related to sexual health intervention	AbdulRahman, Hejar,AbuSamah, Bahaman,Awaisu, Ahmed,Ibrahim, Auwal,Rampal, Lekhraj,Saad, Abdulmumin,Sabitu, Kabiru	2012	INTERNATIONAL HEALTH	4	4	10.1016/j.inhe.2012.09.002	Ahmadu Bello University, Johns Hopkins University, Universiti Putra Malaysia, University of Qatar	"AbdulRahman, Hejar: Universiti Putra Malaysia","AbuSamah, Bahaman: Universiti Putra Malaysia","Awaisu, Ahmed: University of Qatar","Rampal, Lekhraj: Universiti Putra Malaysia","Saad, Abdulmumin: Johns Hopkins University","Sabitu, Kabiru: Ahmadu Bello University",	This study aimed to develop and implement a customized training program related to the delivery of an integrated human immunodeficiency virus - sexually transmitted infections (HIV-STI) risk reduction intervention for peer-facilitators and to evaluate its immediate outcome including changes in trainee knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported competence and confidence. We developed and delivered a structured training program and materials about HIV and STI prevention in a university setting. The training was offered to candidate facilitators who were planned to be involved in a larger project, known as Integrated HIV-STI Risk Reduction Program. Ten candidate facilitators participated in the training program and completed both the pretest and posttest survey questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 17.0 software package and Wilcoxon signed rank test was applied to assess the impact of the training program. Overall, the trainees' performance in HIV-related and STI knowledge, attitude and stigma scores had significantly increased compared to the baseline.. The median scores for HIV and STI knowledge after the training significantly increased from 22.0 to 30.5 (p=0.007) and 8.0 to 9.5 (p=0.005), respectively, whereas the median score on the positive attitude towards HIV and STI prevention rose from 39.0 to 57.0 (p=0.011). Upon completion of the program, 80-100% of the trainees believed that they were competent and confident in performing most of the designed sexual health intervention activities. This preliminary study suggests that a customized on-site training program on sexual health intervention could significantly improve their knowledge, attitude and practice related to HIV-STI prevention. (C) 2012 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	HIV/AIDS,NIGERIA,Peer-facilitators,STI,TRAINING,YOUTH,ADOLESCENTS,"AIDS-RELATED KNOWLEDGE",ATTITUDES,BEHAVIOR,EDUCATION,HIV/AIDS,"HIV PREVENTION",SCHOOL,SOUTH-AFRICA,TRANSMITTED-DISEASES	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873716775	Performance of CareStart™ malaria Pf/Pv combo test for the diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax infections in the Afar Region, North East Ethiopia	Chanie M., Erko B., Animut A., Legesse M.	2012	Ethiopian Journal of Health Development	25	3	None	Aklilu Lemma Institute of Patho-biology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Chanie, M., Aklilu Lemma Institute of Patho-biology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Erko, B., Aklilu Lemma Institute of Patho-biology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Animut, A., Aklilu Lemma Institute of Patho-biology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Legesse, M., Aklilu Lemma Institute of Patho-biology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Background: CareStart™ Malaria Pf/Pv Combo test has shown encouraging results for the diagnosis of P. falciparum and P. vivax infections in Ethiopia. Nevertheless, the performance of the test could be affected by different factors like gene polymorphisms, excess heat and humidity. Hence, evaluation of the performance of the test in different settings in Ethiopia is vital for the routine diagnosis of malaria. Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of CareStart™ Malaria Pf/Pv Combo test for the diagnosis of P. falciparum and P. vivax infections in the Afar Region, Northeast Ethiopia. Methods: Finger prick blood samples were collected from a total of 1092 patients who had malaria symptoms and visited three different health facilities in the Afar Region. Giemsa-stained thin and thick blood smears were prepared and microscopically examined under 100 × magnifications for Plasmodium species identification and determination of parasitaemia. CareStart Malaria Pf/Pv Combo test was also performed as per the manufacturer's instructions. The sensitivity and the specificity of the test was determined using microscopy as gold standard. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of the test were 98.5% and 98.0% respectively, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 91.7% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 99.7% for the diagnosis of P. falciparum infection. The corresponding sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of P. vivax infection were 100% and 99.6% respectively, with PPV and NPV of 86.2% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed high sensitivity and specificity of CareStartTM Malaria Pf/Pv Combo test for the diagnosis of both P. falciparum and P. vivax infections in the study area, though additional study may be needed in the most peripheral hottest areas of the region.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84916594942	Health behaviour and self-reported academic performance among university students: An international study	Peltzer K., Pengpid S.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	27	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n27p998	ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Madidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhonpathom, Thailand; University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga, South Africa; HIV/AIDS/STIs/and TB (HAST), Human Sciences Research Council, Private Bag X41, Pretoria, South Africa	Peltzer, K., ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Madidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhonpathom, Thailand, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga, South Africa, HIV/AIDS/STIs/and TB (HAST), Human Sciences Research Council, Private Bag X41, Pretoria, South Africa; Pengpid, S., ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Madidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhonpathom, Thailand, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga, South Africa	The aim of this study was to investigate health correlates of academic performance among university students from 26 low and middle income and emerging economy countries. Using anonymous questionnaires, data were collected from 20222 university students, 41.5% men and 58.5% women, with a mean age of 20.8 years (SD=2.8), from 26 countries across Africa, Asia and Americas. Overall, 28.4% reported excellent or very good, 65.5% good or satisfactory and 6.2% not satisfactory academic performance. Multivariate linear regression found that that sociodemographic factors (younger age, coming from a wealthier family background, lack of social support and high intrinsic religiosity), health behaviours (trying to eat fibre, avoiding fat and cholesterol, high levels of physical activity, no illicit drug use, not drinking and driving), and better mental health (no severe sleep problem and no moderate or severe depression) were associated self-reported academic performance. Several clustering health behaviours were identified which can be utilized in public health interventions. © 2014, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Academic performance; Correlates; Multi-country; University students	None	None
WoS	WOS:000320019700006	Exploring impacts of multi-year, community-based care programs for orphans and vulnerable children: A case study from Kenya	Brooks, Mohamad,Bryant, Malcolm,Larson, Bruce A.,Masila, Juliana,Rohr, Julia,Wambua, Nancy,Wangai, Susan	2013	AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV	25	None	10.1080/09540121.2012.729807	Boston University, Benevolent Inst Dev Initiat, Christian Aid	"Brooks, Mohamad: Boston University","Bryant, Malcolm: Boston University","Rohr, Julia: Boston University",	The Community-Based Care for Orphans and Vulnerable Children (CBCO) program operated in Kenya during 2006-2010. In Eastern Province, the program provided support to approximately 3000 orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) living in 1500 households. A primary focus of the program was to support savings and loan associations composed of OVC caregivers (typically elderly women) to improve household and OVC welfare. Cross-sectional data were collected in 2011 from 1500 randomly selected households from 3 populations: program participants (CBCO group, n=500), households in the same villages as program participants but not in the program (the local-community-group = Group L, n=300), and households living in nearby villages where the program did not operate (the adjacent-community-group, Group A, n=700). Primary welfare outcomes evaluated are household food security, as measured by the Household Food Insecurity Access instrument, and OVC educational attainment. We compared outcomes between the CBCO and the subset of Group L not meeting program eligibility criteria (L-N) to investigate disparities within local communities. We compared outcomes between the CBCO group and the subset of Group A meeting eligibility criteria (A-E) to consider program impact. We compared outcomes between households not eligible for the program in the local and adjacent community groups (L-N and A-N) to consider if the adjacent communities are similar to the local communities. In May-June 2011, at the end of the OVC program, the majority of CBCO households continued to be severely food insecure, with rates similar to other households living in nearby communities. Participation rates in primary school are high, reflecting free primary education. Among the 18-22 year olds who were children during the program years, relatively few children completed secondary school across all study groups. Although the CBCO program likely provided useful services and benefits to program participants, disparities continued to exist in food security and educational outcomes between program participants and their non-OVC peers in the local community. Outcomes for CBCO households were similar to those observed for OVC households in adjacent communities.	"educational attainment","FOOD SECURITY","orphans and vulnerable children","village savings and loan associations"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903217902	Effects of different organic materials and npk fertilizer on the performance of maize [Utjecaj različitih organskih tvari i npk gnojiva na performance kukuruza]	Remison S.U., Eifediyi E.K.	2014	Poljoprivreda	20	1	None	Ambrose Alli University, Department of Crop Science, Ekpoma, Nigeria; University of Ilorin, Department of Agriculture, Ilorin, Nigeria	Remison, S.U., Ambrose Alli University, Department of Crop Science, Ekpoma, Nigeria; Eifediyi, E.K., University of Ilorin, Department of Agriculture, Ilorin, Nigeria	The interest in organic materials as soil fertility restorer is increasing due to the high cost and unavailability at the right time of inorganic fertilizer and the problem associated with residue disposal by burning which can further aggravate global warming. The effects of different organic materials and NPK fertilizer on the performance of maize were examined in field experiments carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma in a forest savanna transition zone of Edo State, Nigeria. The investigations were carried out during the 2008 and 2009 cropping seasons and involved the use of organic materials (wood shavings, rice hulls, kola husks and their combinations) and NPK fertilizer. The layout of the experiment was a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The results indicated that most of the organic materials, especially kola husk and mixtures with kola husk and NPK increased yield and its components. The treatments significantly increased the concentrations of N, P, K and Na in ear leaves and grains.	Maize yield; Rice hull and kola husk; Wood shavings	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84912561321	Transforming conflicts with information: Impacts of UN peace radio programmes in the Democratic Republic of Congo	Jacob J.U.-U.	2014	War and Society	33	4	10.1179/0729247314Z.00000000043	American University of Nigeria, Nigeria	Jacob, J.U.-U., American University of Nigeria, Nigeria	This paper examines the nature and impacts of two intervention radio programmes broadcast on Radio Okapi - the radio service of the UN mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUC) managed by the Swiss-based Hirondelle Foundation. A matched randomized rechnique was used to assign Rwandan Hutus and Congolese autochthons in South Kivu province to listen to one of the two programmes within their naturalistic contexts for thirteen months. Autochthon control groups listened to Gutahuka, while Hutu control groups listened to Dialogue Entre Congolais. At the end of the treatment, participants' perceptions of barriers to peace, descriptive and prescriptive interventions; victimhood and villainy; opportunities for personal development and civic engagement were assessed in sixteen focus groups across four towns. Two critical findings have emerged from the study: first, hate contents are not only ones that are overtly hateful - messages targeted at specific groups for the purpose of achieving behavioural change can lead to alienation and hostility towards the target group by non-target groups exposed to the messages; second, contextually associated individuals or social groups do not always have homogenous interpretation of media messages. At the core of audience engagement and interpretation is the idealogical orientation of messages that audiences are exposed to and how such messages interact with local epistemes including historical and subjective realities. The paper concludes that media intervention contents that purvey a narrative without first understanding how it interacts with other epistemic narratives and metaphors on ground, run the risk of deepening rifts between groups and escalating the conflict. © 2014 School of Humanities & Social Sciences, The University of New South Wales	Demobilisation; Dialogue entre congolais; Disarmament; Gutahuka; Information intervention; Repatriation	None	BIEA, British Institute in Eastern Africa
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880098112	Evaluation of specific gravity of potato varieties in Ethiopia as a criterion for determining processing quality	Abebe T., Wongchaochant S., Taychasinpitak T.	2013	Kasetsart Journal - Natural Science	47	1	None	Amhara Agricultural Research Institute, Adet Agricultural Research Center, P.O.Box 08, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Department of Horticulture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand	Abebe, T., Amhara Agricultural Research Institute, Adet Agricultural Research Center, P.O.Box 08, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Wongchaochant, S., Department of Horticulture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Taychasinpitak, T., Department of Horticulture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand	Specific gravity (SG) is the measure of choice for estimating dry matter (DMC) and starch content (SC) and ultimately for determining the processing quality of potato varieties. Evaluation of the SG of 25 potato varieties was carried out at three distinct locations in the Amhara region of Ethiopia with the main objectives of determining their culinary quality and most suitable areas of production. The varieties were planted in a 5 × 5 balanced lattice design of six replications during the 2011 rainy season. The results of the data analysis showed highly significant (P < 0.01) genotypic and location differences and significant (P < 0.05) genotype × environment interactions. The pooled SG values ranged from 1.058 to 1.102. The SG of tubers of the improved variety Belete was the highest while that of Menagesha was the lowest. Furthermore, the SG values for varieties grown at Debretabor were higher than those for the corresponding varieties grown at Adet and Merawi. The DMC and SC were computed based on the SG and showed significant (P < 0.01) genotypic variability. The highest DMC and SC were also obtained at Debretabor; thus, it is an ideal location to grow potatoes for high DMC and starch accumulation. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis identified CIP-392640.524, Zengena, Jalenie and Belete as stable genotypes with SG values above average.	Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis; Potato varieties; Processing quality; Specific-gravity; Variability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77249163163	Mobility and speciation of heavy metals in soils impacted by hazardous waste	Ogundiran M.B., Osibanjo O.	2009	Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability	21	2	10.3184/095422909X449481	Analytical/Environmental Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Ogundiran, M.B., Analytical/Environmental Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Osibanjo, O., Analytical/Environmental Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	This study describes the mobility and chemical fractionation of heavy metals (HMs) from a site impacted by auto battery slag that was generated from secondary lead smelting operations. Samples were collected from the waste pile and from the immediate surrounding soil at four depths to assess the migration and potential bioavailability of Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni and Zn. Total levels of the HMs and their fractionation were determined. The results indicate that highest levels of HMs are present in the uppermost layer with significant migration down the depth, thereby posing a threat to groundwater quality. In the fractions, the concentrations of the metals follow this sequence: Pb>Zn>Cd>Cr>Ni. The chemical fractions of Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni and Zn in the samples, expressed as mean concentrations of the sum of the individual chemical fractions, demonstrate that the HMs exist mainly in the non-residual fractions. For instance, the percentage of non-residual fractions of lead in the waste pile and the surrounding soil ranged from 48.9 to 95.6% and 69.4 to 98.3% respectively. The mobility factors of the heavy metals are significantly high indicating high potential mobility and bioavailable forms of these HMs. The high concentrations of the HMs particularly Pb in the non-residual fractions, as observed in this study, shows the impact of anthropogenic activities on enrichment of natural soil with bioavailable HMs. Consequently, there is a need to be cautious in the way waste that is generated from heavy metals projects is added to natural soil.	Bioavailability; Contamination; Fractionation; Heavy metals; Mobility factor	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77955024861	Broiler performance and bone strength minimally affected by either a simulated dusk or night-interruption photoperiod	Lewis P.D., Gous R.M., Tumova E.	2010	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	40	1	None	Animal and Poultry Science, School of Agricultural Sciences and Agribusiness, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville 3209, South Africa; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 165 21 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic, Czech Republic	Lewis, P.D., Animal and Poultry Science, School of Agricultural Sciences and Agribusiness, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville 3209, South Africa; Gous, R.M., Animal and Poultry Science, School of Agricultural Sciences and Agribusiness, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville 3209, South Africa; Tumova, E., Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 165 21 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic, Czech Republic	Two genotypes of male broilers were given 12 h of daily illumination; as a conventional photoperiod, with the final hour at reduced illuminance to simulate dusk, or with 1 h of the light given during the middle of the night. The lighting modifications had no significant effect on any performance variable or on tibial breaking strength. Feed intake was unaffected by the lighting treatments during either the 1-h dusk period or the night, but was inexplicably stimulated in the both experimental groups during the main photoperiod. © South African Society for Animal Science.	Bone strength; Broiler growth; Dusk; Photoperiod	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947998995	Growth performance and nutrition-related serum metabolites in growing pigs fed on Acacia Tortilis leaf meal	Ndou S.P., Khanyile M., Chimonyo M.	2015	Livestock Science	182	None	10.1016/j.livsci.2015.10.003	Animal and Poultry Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada	Ndou, S.P., Animal and Poultry Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa, Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Khanyile, M., Animal and Poultry Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Chimonyo, M., Animal and Poultry Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa	The objective of the study was to determine the response in metabolites and growth performance in growing pigs fed on Acacia tortilis leaf meal-based diets using a dose-response trial. Forty-eight male hybrid pigs (28.5±2.18. kg BW) were individually penned and assigned in a complete randomized design to six experimental diets containing 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150. g/kg DM of A. tortilis leaf meal. Pigs were bled once after three weeks for biochemical analyses. An increase in A. tortilis resulted in quadratic reductions in ADFI (P<0.0001) and ADG (P<0.05), and linear decreases in G:F (P<0.001). Serum iron, cholesterol and total protein initially increased, and then started decreasing with incremental levels of A. tortilis. There was a quadratic increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P<0.001) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P<0.01) and a linear increase (P<0.001) in alkaline phosphatases (ALP) observed as A. tortilis inclusion increased. Using the broken-stick model, the optimum levels of leaf meals marking break points at which threshold values of ADG, serum iron, serum cholesterol and total protein occurred when A. tortilis was included at 64.8, 60.0, 87.1 and 63.2. g/kg DM, respectively. In conclusion, growth performance, serum iron and total proteins are reliable indicators of optimum inclusion levels of leaf meals in pigs. © 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V.	Acacia tortilis; Blood metabolites; Growing pigs; Optimum inclusion levels; Tannins	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880042718	Effects of within-litter birth weight variation of piglets on performance at 3 weeks of age and at weaning in a Large White×Landrace sow herd	Zindove T.J., Dzomba E.F., Kanengoni A.T., Chimonyo M.	2013	Livestock Science	155	42403	10.1016/j.livsci.2013.04.013	Animal and Poultry Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Genetics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Animal Production Institute, ARC, P. Bag X2, Irene 0062, South Africa	Zindove, T.J., Animal and Poultry Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Dzomba, E.F., Genetics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Kanengoni, A.T., Animal Production Institute, ARC, P. Bag X2, Irene 0062, South Africa; Chimonyo, M., Animal and Poultry Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa	The effect of piglet birth weight variation on subsequent weight variations and litter performance in Large White×Landrace sows is not well understood. The objective of the current study was to determine the relationship between within-litter birth weight coefficient of variation (CVB) and performance of piglets at 3 weeks and at weaning. A total of 1836 litter records, collected between January 1998 and September 2010 at the Agricultural Research Council (ARC), Irene, were used. The CVB had a linear relationship with survival at 3 weeks (SURV3) (b=-0.20; P<0.05) and within-litter weight coefficient of variation at 3 weeks (CV3) (b=0.50; P<0.05). Litters with high CVB had more deaths at 3 weeks (P<0.05). Increase of CV3 with CVB varied with parity (P<0.05). The rate of increase of CV3 with CVB was highest in Parity 1 (b=0.41) followed by Parity 2 (b=0.36) then middle aged (Parity 3-5) sows (b=0.32). There was no significant relationship between CVB and litter weight at 3 weeks (LWt3) or mean litter weight at 3 weeks (MWt3) (P>0.05). Weight variation at weaning was positively skewed (skewness value of 0.81). The survival to 3 weeks (SURV3) ranged from 13.3% to 100% with a mean of 87.6%. The CVB had a linear relationship with both within-litter weaning weight coefficient of variation (CVW) (b=0.50; P<0.05) and percent survival to weaning (SURVW) (b=-0.04; P<0.05). There was an unfavorable positive relationship between CVB with both CVW and SURVW. It can be concluded that litter performance at weaning is related to CVB. © 2013.	Coefficient of variation; Parity; Piglets; Survivability	None	None
WoS	WOS:000268766900003	Do the socioeconomic impacts of antiretroviral therapy vary by gender? A longitudinal study of Kenyan agricultural worker employment outcomes	Bii, Margret,Fox, Mathew P.,Larson, Bruce A.,McCoy, Kelly,Rosen, Sydney,Sawe, Fredrick,Shaffer, Douglas,Sigei, Carolyne,Simon, Jonathan L.,Wasunna, Monique	2009	BMC PUBLIC HEALTH	9	None	10.1186/1471-2458-9-240	Boston University, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Walter Reed Project	None	Background: As access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has grown in Africa, attention has turned to evaluating the socio-economic impacts of ART. One key issue is the extent to which improvements in health resulting from ART allows individuals to return to work and earn income. Improvements in health from ART may also be associated with reduced impaired presenteeism, which is the loss of productivity when an ill or disabled individual attends work but accomplishes less at his or her usual tasks or shifts to other, possibly less valuable, tasks. Methods: Longitudinal data for this analysis come from company payroll records for 97 HIV-infected tea estate workers (the index group, 56 women, 41 men) and a comparison group of all workers assigned to the same work teams (n = 2485, 1691 men, 794 women) for a 37-month period covering two years before and one year after initiating ART. We used nearest neighbour matching methods to estimate the impacts of HIV/AIDS and ART on three monthly employment outcomes for tea estate workers in Kenya - days plucking tea, days assigned to non-plucking assignments, and kilograms harvested when plucking. Results: The female index group worked 30% fewer days plucking tea monthly than the matched female comparison group during the final 9 months pre-ART. They also worked 87% more days on non-plucking assignments. While the monthly gap between the two groups narrowed after beginning ART, the female index group worked 30% fewer days plucking tea and about 100% more days on non-plucking tasks than the comparison group after one year on ART. The male index group was able to maintain a similar pattern of work as their comparison group except during the initial five months on therapy. Conclusion: Significant impaired presenteeism continued to exist among the female index group after one year on ART. Future research needs to explore further the socio-economic implications of HIV-infected female workers on ART being less productive than the general female workforce over sustained periods of time.	,ADULTS,HIV/AIDS,HIV-INFECTION,ILLNESS,PERFORMANCE,PRESENTEEISM,PREVALENCE,SECTOR,SICK,SOUTH-AFRICA	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901061068	Koch's postulate in reproduction of broiler coccidiosis by co-infection with eight most common Eimeria spp.: A model for future evaluation of new biologics	Barbour E.K., Ayyash D.B., Shaib H., Bragg R.R., Azhar E., Iyer A., Harakeh S., Kambris Z., Kumosani T.	2014	International Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine	12	1	None	Animal and Veterinary Sciences Department, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon; Biochemistry Department, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Animal and Veterinary Sciences Department, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Nelson Mandela Drive, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa; Special Infectious Agents Unit - Biosafety Level 3, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Biochemistry Department, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Biology Dept, American University of Beirut, Lebanon	Barbour, E.K., Animal and Veterinary Sciences Department, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon, Biochemistry Department, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Ayyash, D.B., Animal and Veterinary Sciences Department, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon; Shaib, H., Animal and Veterinary Sciences Department, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon; Bragg, R.R., Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Nelson Mandela Drive, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa; Azhar, E., Special Infectious Agents Unit - Biosafety Level 3, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Iyer, A., Biochemistry Department, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Harakeh, S., Special Infectious Agents Unit - Biosafety Level 3, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Kambris, Z., Biology Dept, American University of Beirut, Lebanon; Kumosani, T., Biochemistry Department, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia	The purpose of this research is to establish a model of Koch's postulate for reproducing coccidiosis in broilers by co-infection with eight most common Eimeria spp. involved in this economic disease, in an attempt to use this model in future evaluation of new controlling biologics. Four groups of broilers each challenged at a different age (14, 21, 28, and 35 d) with an equivalent number of sporulated oocysts of eight Eimeria spp. had a reduction in their mean weight gain of 10.2% compared to the four parallel control groups of birds that were deprived of the challenge. The mean feed to live body weight conversion ratio increased significantly from 1.5 in the four unchallengedcontrol groups to 3.1 in the four challenged groups (P<0.05). The mean frequency of mortality increased up to 15% in the challenged groups in comparison to 5% in the controls. This higher mortality was associated in most challenged groups with significant increase in the mean lesion scores and mean oocyst count in the intestine compared to those observed in the controls. The benefit of this established model of Koch's postulate for reproducing coccidiosis in broilers, in future search of new controlling biologics, will be presented.	Chicken; Eimeria spp.; Koch's postulate; Lesions; Oocyst count; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80052234722	Evaluation of potato hash silage from two bacterial inoculants and their effects on the growth performance of grower pigs	Thomas R., Nkosi B.D., Umesiobi D.O., Meeske R., Kanengoni A.T., Langa T.	2010	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	40	5SUPPL.1	None	ARC: Animal Production Institute, P/Bag X2, Irene, 0062, South Africa; Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Free State Private Bag X 20539, Bloemfontein, 9300, Free State, South Africa; Outeniqua Research Farm, P.O. Box 249, George, 6530, South Africa	Thomas, R., Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Free State Private Bag X 20539, Bloemfontein, 9300, Free State, South Africa; Nkosi, B.D., ARC: Animal Production Institute, P/Bag X2, Irene, 0062, South Africa; Umesiobi, D.O., Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Free State Private Bag X 20539, Bloemfontein, 9300, Free State, South Africa; Meeske, R., Outeniqua Research Farm, P.O. Box 249, George, 6530, South Africa; Kanengoni, A.T., ARC: Animal Production Institute, P/Bag X2, Irene, 0062, South Africa; Langa, T., ARC: Animal Production Institute, P/Bag X2, Irene, 0062, South Africa	Potato hash was mixed with wheat bran at 7:3 ratio, treated with homofermentative LAB inoculant (BMF, bonsilage forte), heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (LFLB, Lalsil Fresh LB) and without LAB inoculant and ensiled in 210 L drums for 90 days. After 90 days of ensiling, concentrates that contained 40% potato hash silage (PHS) were formulated and the treatment groups were control (no silage), untreated PHS, BMF treated PHS and LFLB treated PHS. The diets were fed to 64 growing pigs (60 days old and 30.4 ± 2.3 kg body mass). The pigs were allocated in a complete randomized block design with four treatments, and each treatment consisted of eight boars and eight sows. Pigs were fed ad libitum, feed intake was measured daily while body masses were recorded at the start and weekly throughout the experimental period. The dry matter intake (DMI) was higher in the control diet (1062 g/kg) than in the untreated PHS diets (933 g/kg), BMF treated PHS (873 g/kg) and LFLB treated PHS (919 g/kg) diets, respectively. Pigs in the control group had higher final body weight (60.77 kg), average daily gain (ADG) (551 g/d) and better feed conversion rate (FCR) (4.92 g/g) at the end of the trial compared to those in other treatment groups. It can be concluded that potato hash silage produced with or without LAB inoculants had the same effect on the growth performance of growing pigs. However, further work is needed to evaluate the effects of higher dietary inclusion levels (>40 %) of ensiled potato hash on pig growth and reproductive performance. © South African Society for Animal Science.	Grower pigs; Growth performance; LAB inoculation; Potato hash	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-83455206593	Productive performance of three commercial broiler genotypes reared in the derived savannah zone of Nigeria	Olawumi S.O., Fagbuaro S.S.	2011	International Journal of Agricultural Research	6	11	10.3923/rjar.2011.798.804	Animal Breeding and Genetics Unit, Department of Animal Production and Health Sciences, Ekiti State University, PMB 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	Olawumi, S.O., Animal Breeding and Genetics Unit, Department of Animal Production and Health Sciences, Ekiti State University, PMB 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Fagbuaro, S.S., Animal Breeding and Genetics Unit, Department of Animal Production and Health Sciences, Ekiti State University, PMB 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	Carcass characteristics of three broiler strains reared on deep litter and under similar management practices and feeding regime to 8 weeks of age were compared. The broiler strains are Marshall, Arbor Acre and Hubbard. The obtained result showed that breed has significant (p<0.05) effect on live weight at 8 weeks. Marshall Genotype has higher (p<0.05) mean values and was superior to Arbor Acre and Hubbard in live body weight. In terms of other carcass traits, the former also recorded higher (p<0.05) mean values than the latter in carcass weight, dressing weight, eviscerated weight, carcass percentage, breast muscle weight, back muscle weight, thigh muscle weight, drumstick and heart weight. However, the three breeds recorded similar mean values in dressing percentage, abdominal fat weight, liver and gizzard weight. As regards sex effect, males were superior (p<0.05) to females in live body weight at 8 weeks, eviscerated weight, back muscle weight, thigh muscle weight and drumstick weight. However, the two sexes had similar mean values in dressing weight, dressing percentage, carcass weight, carcass percentage, breast weight, abdominal fat weight and edible giblets. There was significant (p<0.05) strain x sex interaction effects on all the traits considered. Regardless of the sex therefore, Marshall was more productive, feed efficient and gave more carcass yield than Arbor Acre and Hubbard when slaughtered at the same age under uniform management practices and environmental conditions. Males also yielded more meat than the females. For increased broiler meat production and maximum profit in the industry, Marshall breed is recommended to poultry farmers. © 2011 Academic Journals Inc.	Carcass; Dressing; Muscle; Strain; Trait	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892578494	Competitive forces influencing business performance of bicycle Taxis in Kisumu City, Kenya	Kokwaro P.L., Ajowi J.O., Kokwaro E.A.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	2	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n2p719	Box 30-40100, Kisumu, Kenya; School of Education, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga, University of Science and Technology, Kenya; Jaramogi Oginga Odinga, University of Science and Technology, Box 210 - 40601, Bondo, Kenya	Kokwaro, P.L., Box 30-40100, Kisumu, Kenya; Ajowi, J.O., School of Education, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga, University of Science and Technology, Kenya; Kokwaro, E.A., Jaramogi Oginga Odinga, University of Science and Technology, Box 210 - 40601, Bondo, Kenya	Whether domestically or globally, transport is the movement of people, goods and services from one place to another. It enables trade between people and organizations. Globally, transport is the key necessity for specialization. Domestically, not only is Kenya connected by various categories of transport infrastructure but even by different modes, each competing with the other to get the better of the market. In Kisumu City, for example, there is fierce business competition among minivans, locally known as matatus, rick - shaws, referred to in Kenya as tuk-tuks, motor cycles and bicycle taxis. Started in 1960s in Busia County along the Kenya/Uganda border, the bicycle taxis are significantly affected by the current business competition. Before this study commenced, a preliminary survey in April, 2011 indicated that the number of bicycle taxis in Kisumu City had dropped by 61%. Whereas the decline had been variously attributed to the threat of substitutes, new entrants, consumer bargaining power, supplier bargaining power and rivalry among the current competitors, it was not clear which factors influenced the decline and to what extent. Neither had there been any study done to establish the cause of the decline. This study intended to determine competitive forces influencing the business performance of bicycle taxis in Kisumu City. The study used Porter's Five Forces Framework, which analyses industry competition. Also, this study used cross sectional survey design to analyze and discover occurrences, since the researcher's intention was to describe events without manipulating variables. The study population was 632 bicycle taxi riders, 28 of whom came from the lake Market cluster, 90 in the stage market, 26 in Varsity plaza area and 77 in the Oile/Coca Cola square cluster. There were 99 in A-Z Anvi Emporium Cluster, 188 from Kibuye market cluster and 124 from Kondele cluster. A sample of 90 was obtained for analyzing bicycle taxi-riders in Kisumu City. Primary data was obtained through the administration of structured and semi structured questionnaires of the sample of 90 taxi-riders. Secondary data was obtained from journals, publications and from records of the Municipal Council of Kisumu. Quantitative data was analyzed using Chi square and Percentage techniques. The key findings of this study was that 60.97% of bicycle taxi riders in Kisumu City considered substitutes as the main competitive threat. The next most important competitive forces influencing business performance were new entrants at 57.31%, customer bargaining power at 52.43% and rivalry among current competitors at 42.68% respectively. The significance of this study is that it adds towards knowledge about the relevance of Porter's Five Forces Framework to small-scale business industries in developing countries like Kenya. Stakeholders in public transport, like the Government and researchers with an interest to improve public transport would also find this study useful. This study concludes that substitute public transport services are the major competitive threat to bicycle taxis in Kisumu City.	Business performance; Kisumu City; Public transport	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84872167285	Lactation performance of multiparous holstein cows fed a restricted total mixed ration plus legume and grass hay mixture	Muya M.C., Nherera R.V., Khekana T., Ramapuptla T.	2011	Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances	10	14	10.3923/javaa.2011.1779.1784	Animal Production Institute, Agricultural Research Council, South Africa; Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Pretoria, South Africa	Muya, M.C., Animal Production Institute, Agricultural Research Council, South Africa; Nherera, R.V., Animal Production Institute, Agricultural Research Council, South Africa; Khekana, T., Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Pretoria, South Africa; Ramapuptla, T., Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Pretoria, South Africa	This study was done to evaluate the effects of restricting Total Mixed Ration (TMR)and supplying Eragrostis curvula and Medicago sativa hay mixture adlib on lactation performance of mid-lactation multiparous Holstein cows. Twenty Holstein cows, averaging 598±73 kg body weight and 100 days in milk were assigned to either a 100% TJ\1R diet (control) or a 75% TMR-restricted diet. Cows on the 75% TMR-restricted diet had adlib access to E. curvula and M. sativa hay mixture (1: 1). The experiment included 2 weeks adaptation period and 4 weeks samphng period. Cows were milked twice daily. Total Dry Matter Intake (DMI), DMI as BW%, daily CP intake and intake of net energy for lactation were higher (p&lt;O.05) for cows on the 100% TMR than for cows on the 75% TMR. Cows in 75% TMR consumed 12.5% less total DM and 14.2% less kg DM as of BW% than cows ni 100% TMR Intake of NDF was not affected (p&gt;0.05) by treatment. Milk yield, milk fat% and yield (kg day-1) did not differ between treatments and averaged 29.2 kg day-1,3.70% and 1.08 kg, respectively. Feed efficiency ranged from 1.22-1.37 and tended to be higher (p&lt;0.10) with 75% TMR diet. Efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorous utilisation was not affected (p&gt;0.05) by treatments. Results suggest that TMR restriction to 75% during mid-lactation does not negatively impact milk production. © Medwell Journals, 2011.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904323956	Growth performance of feedlot weaners cattle fed diet containing different levels of cold press soya bean oilcake	Chipa M.J., Siebrits F.K., Ratsaka M.M., Leeuw K.-J., Nkosi B.D.	2010	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	40	5SUPPL.1	None	ARC-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X 2, Irene 0062, South Africa; Department of Animal Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X 680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa	Chipa, M.J., ARC-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X 2, Irene 0062, South Africa; Siebrits, F.K., Department of Animal Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X 680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Ratsaka, M.M.; Leeuw, K.-J.; Nkosi, B.D.	The value of cold press soya bean oil cake (CPSBOC) as the source of protein in beef cattle was evaluated. CPSBOC was included in the diets of beef weaners at different levels i.e. 0%, 6%, 13% and 20%. The control diet contained cotton seed oil cake (CSOC) as a protein source. The diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous. A total of 40 weaners (20 heifers and 20 steers) at an average weight of 192.3 ± 20 kg were used. The experiment was a randomized block design with ten replicates per treatment and was conducted over 98 days. The group mass of the steers (700 ± 7.80 kg) was significantly heavier when compared with the heifers (6480 ± 7.80 kg). The average daily gain (ADG) (1.5 ± 2.72) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (5.5 ± 0.051) of the steers was significantly better than the heifers (1.35 ± 2.72 and 5.7 ± 0.051, respectively) while the steers consume more feed (8.2 ± 14.4 kg) per day as compared to the 7.4 ± 14.4 kg consumed by heifers. The weaners that were fed the diet containing 6% and 13% inclusion of CPSBOC grew significantly better than the other treatments. According to this study, an inclusion level of CPSBOC of between 6 and 13% will yield suitable growth in feedlot cattle. More research is needed to determine the optimum inclusion level of CPSBOC. © South African Society for Animal Science.	Feed conversion ratio; Feed intake; Growth; Heifers; Steers	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896382538	Seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton in two tropical rivers of varying size and human impact in southeast Nigeria [Dinamica de temporada del fitoplankton en dos rios tropicales de tamaño e impacto humano variado en el sureste de Nigeria]	Idumah Okogwu O., Ugwumba A.O.	2013	Revista de Biologia Tropical	61	4	None	Applied Biology Department, Ebonyi State University, PMB 53, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	Idumah Okogwu, O., Applied Biology Department, Ebonyi State University, PMB 53, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; Ugwumba, A.O., Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	Phytoplankton occurrence and dynamics in rivers are mainly shaped by hydrophysical conditions and nutrient availability. Phytoplankton main structuring factors have been poorly studied in West African rivers, and this study was undertaken to identify these conditions in two tropical rivers that vary in size and human impact. For this, environmental variables and phytoplankton monthly samples were collected from the middle reaches of Asu and Cross rivers during an 18 months survey from March 2005-July 2006. Phytoplankton biomass (F=11.87, p=0.003), Shannon-Weiner diversity and species richness (F=5.93, p=0.003) showed significant seasonality in Asu but not in Cross River. Data was analyzed with Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and showed environmental differences between the two rivers, nitrate in Asu River (5.1-15.5mg/L) was significantly higher than Cross River (0.03-1.7mg/L), while PO4 (0.2-0.9mg/L) was significantly lower in Asu River compared to Cross River (0.03-2.6mg/L) (p&lt;0.05). Eutrophic factors (NO3) determined primarily phytoplankton dynamics in Asu River, especially during the dry season, whereas hydrophysical factors (depth, transparency and temperature) shaped phytoplankton in Cross River. Taxa indicative of an eutrophic condition, such as Euglena, Chlorella, Chlorococcus, Ceratium, Peridinium, Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Closterium, Scenedesmus and Pediastrum spp., were frequently encountered in the shallow impounded Asu River, while riverine species, such as Frustulia rhomboids, Gyrosigma sp., Opephora martyr and Surirella splendida dominated Cross River. A succession pattern was observed in the functional groups identified: Na/MP→TB→P (rainy→dry season) was observed in Asu River, whereas MP/D predominated in Cross River for both seasons. We concluded that, if nutrients predominate hydrophysical factors in shaping phytoplankton during dry season (half of the year) then, they are as important as hydrophysical factors structuring phytoplankton during rainy season (the other half).	Asu River; Cross River; Eutrophication; Functional group; Phytoplankton; West Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884538372	The impact of flooding on water quality, zooplankton composition, density and biomass in Lake Iyieke, Cross River-Floodplain, Southeastern Nigeria	Nwonumara N.G., Okogwu O.I.	2013	Zoology and Ecology	23	2	10.1080/21658005.2013.805015	Department of Applied Biology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria	Nwonumara, N.G., Department of Applied Biology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; Okogwu, O.I., Department of Applied Biology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria	The physico-chemical parameters, zooplankton composition, density and biomass of Lake Iyieke (Cross River- Floodplain, Nigeria) were studied monthly from February to December 2011 during pre-flood (February-May), flood (June-August) and post-flood (September-December) periods. The study was aimed at evaluating the response of zooplankton to seasonal flooding. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that temperature (28-35 C), PO4-P (0.10- 0.16 g/L), pH (6.50-6.80), transparency (0.17-0.98 m), conductivity (18.0-56.00 S/cm) and total dissolved solids (8.50-28.00 mg/L) were the main environmental variables that influenced zooplankton dynamics. Rotifers of the families Collothecidae, Collurellidae and the cladoceran Scapholeberi kingi were recorded in the lake for the first time. Rotifers were dominant in the pre-flood period, while microcrustaceans were dominant in the flood and post-flood periods. Contrary to our expectations, species richness (56 species) and density (527 ind/L) peaked during the pre-flood and flood periods, respectively. Based on our results and previous studies on the lake, we recommend undertaking a comprehensive study on this and other lakes within the Cross River basin in order to gain a clear understanding of the impact anthropogenic activities (dams and dredging) and climatic factors (that could alter the intensity and duration of flood) could have on zooplankton. © 2013 Nature Research Centre.	Biomass; Density; Flood; Lake Iyieke; Water quality; Zooplankton	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84882946114	Impact of intestinal microorganisms and protozoan parasites on drinking water quality in Harare, Zimbabwe	Dalu T., Barson M., Nhiwatiwa T.	2011	Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development	1	3	10.2166/washdev.2011.049	Aquatic Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, P. O. Box MP 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe	Dalu, T., Aquatic Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, P. O. Box MP 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe; Barson, M., Aquatic Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, P. O. Box MP 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe; Nhiwatiwa, T., Aquatic Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, P. O. Box MP 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe	The presence of microorganisms and their potential impacts on drinking water from boreholes, bowsers, lakes, rivers, springs, taps and wells was investigated in peri-urban settlements around Harare. Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Vibrio cholerae and faecal streptococci were present in all water sources except for the boreholes and bowsers. Rivers, lake and wells showed the greatest diversity of 10, 5 and 6 species and relative density (rd) of 90.9, 83.4 and 61.67% respectively for the protozoan parasites. Cryptosporidium was identified in groundwater sources; wells (rd = 8.3%) and springs (rd = 41.7%) and identified in tap water (rd = 6.23%) and the Mukuvisi River downstream (rd = 8.3%). Entamoeba histolytica, Cyclospora, Isospora belli, Trichuris trichiura and Giardia lamblia were found in all water sources. Eggs/larvae of intestinal parasites; Ascaris lumbricoides, Strongyloides, Rhabditis, Taenia sp. and Schistosoma mansoni were identified in different water sources. Faecal coliform levels had a significant effect on the water sources' water quality with p = 0.018 in all sites except for the borehole whilst faecal streptococci had no significant impact with p = 0.513. The presence of at least one microbial pathogenic organism and parasites in most of the water sources poses a threat to the water quality and is a human health risk in the study areas. © IWA Publishing 2011.	Coliforms; Drinking water; Harare; Microorganisms; Parasites; Protozoa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955614278	Ssperformance of poverty alleviation projects in South Africa: The case of Vhembe Districtin Limpopo Province	Tshitangoni M., Okorie A., Francis J.	2011	Scientific Research and Essays	6	5	None	Centre for Rural Development and Poverty Alleviation, School of Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa	Tshitangoni, M., Centre for Rural Development and Poverty Alleviation, School of Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa; Okorie, A., Centre for Rural Development and Poverty Alleviation, School of Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa; Francis, J., Centre for Rural Development and Poverty Alleviation, School of Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa	This paper presents the findings of a review of performance of poverty alleviation projects in Vhembe District of Limpopo Province in South Africa. Data were collected from 30 stratified randomly sampled poverty alleviation projects across the district. Five project strata, namely community gardens (n = 12), poultry (n = 8), piggery (n = 2), bakery (n = 2) and other projects, including juice making, brick making, stone crushing and coffin making (n = 6) constituted the sample. One hundred and eight (108) respondents representing the sampled projects were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Data were coded, processed and analyzed using the Microsoft Excel program and matrix of projects performance. Performance of projects differed by type. All the bakery projects were successful, followed by poultry (62%), community garden and other projects with 33% each. In contrast, all the piggery projects were performing poorly. Overall, the projects performed well (above the 50% threshold), based on the following indicators: availability of project funding, level of commitment by project members and skills as well as knowledge gained. Level of production, generation of income and profit, self-reliance and relevance of projects to addressing project members needs indicated that the projects did not perform well. The results of this study reflected areas of serious concern, in particular the low levels of production; irrelevance of projects to addressing project members needs; inability of projects to generate income and profit; and lack of self-reliance. Given the results of this study, it is desirable to evaluate the performance of all PAPs in the province. ©2011 Academic Journals.	Alleviation; Indicator; Performance; Poverty; Project	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84951964216	Effect of irrigation with diluted winery wastewater on the performance of two grass cover crops in vineyards	Fourie J.C., Theron H., Ochse C.H.	2015	South African Journal of Enology and Viticulture	36	2	None	ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Private Bag X5026, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Private Bag X8, Wellington, South Africa	Fourie, J.C., ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Private Bag X5026, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Theron, H., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Private Bag X8, Wellington, South Africa; Ochse, C.H., ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Private Bag X5026, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Pennisetum glaucum L. cv. Babala (pearl millet) established as a summer catch crop followed by Avena sativa L. cv Palinup (oats) established as a winter catch crop were irrigated with winery wastewater diluted to eight chemical oxygen demand (COD) levels ranging between 100 mg/L and 3 000 mg!L. The diluted wastewater treatments were compared to irrigation with river water. The dry matter production (DMP) of oats, if not preceded by pearl millet, tended to improve when irrigated with winery wastewater. Growth of pearl millet peaked during the period when 91% of the diluted winery wastewater was applied. Winery wastewater improved the DMP of pearl millet. No trends were observed in the nutrient levels of the above-ground growth of the two interception crops. However, Na levels increased over time. Using both species, too high levels of macro-nutrients were intercepted, but insignificant amounts of Na were removed. Irrigation with winery wastewater with COD levels between 1 500 mg/L and 2 500 mg/L may be sustainable if only pearl millet is employed as an interception crop. Fertiliser needed to maintain the nutrient balance in the soil resulted in an additional cost of approximately R2 800/ha/yr. However, the fodder may provide an income in excess of R15 000/ha/yr.	Catch crops; Cellar effluent; Chemical oxygen demand; Cover crops; Grapevine; Interception crops; Soil cultivation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-68949105688	Effects of season and regulated photoperiod on the reproductive performance of sows	Chokoe T.C., Siebrits F.K.	2009	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	39	1	None	ARC, Department of Reproduction Genetic Resources, Irene Animal Improvement Institute, Private Bag X02, Irene 0062, South Africa; Tshwane University of Technology, Department of Animal Sciences, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa	Chokoe, T.C., ARC, Department of Reproduction Genetic Resources, Irene Animal Improvement Institute, Private Bag X02, Irene 0062, South Africa, Tshwane University of Technology, Department of Animal Sciences, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Siebrits, F.K., Tshwane University of Technology, Department of Animal Sciences, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa	Reproductive performance of experimental commercial Dalland sows (n = 87) maintained under a constant photoperiod (10 h light and 14 h darkness) and control sows (n = 187) maintained under natural daylight length (10.4 h light in winter and 13.4 h light in summer) were compared. In early summer 4.1% of experimental sows returned to oestrus compared to 20.8% of the control sows. In late summer 9.1% of experimental sows returned to oestrus compared to 21.9% of the control sows. Reduced photoperiod improved the farrowing rate of experimental sows in the early summer breeding compared to the control group (95.4% and 81.3%, respectively). With winter breeding there was a small proportion of sows that returned to service in both groups (7.9% and 8.9%) while the farrowing rate was high in both groups (93.9% and 91.0% in the experimental and control groups, respectively). Litter sizes derived from early summer services were 11.4 and 11.6 for the experimental and control groups, respectively, while winter services led to litter sizes of 11.6 and 12.4 whereas in late summer services, regulated photoperiod had improved the litter size of the experimental group (12.3) compared to the control group (11.2). © South African Society for Animal Science.	Farrowing rate; Litter size; Regulated photoperiod; Return to oestrus; Season	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79951538989	Production and breeding performance of South African dairy herds	Theron H.E., Mostert B.E.	2009	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	39	SUPPL. 1	None	ARC-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X2, Irene 0062, South Africa	Theron, H.E., ARC-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X2, Irene 0062, South Africa; Mostert, B.E., ARC-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X2, Irene 0062, South Africa	Comparisons between production and breeding potential of different feeding systems (Concentrates, Mixed and Pastures) in South Africa were made. Data of active cows participating in performance testing as at November 2007 were used. Holstein cows numbered 68280 in 254 herds and Jersey cows 51275 in 248 herds. Average milk production and lactation number were 8147 ± 2260 and 2.9 ± 1.8 for Holstein and 5347 ± 1156 and 3.1 ± 2.0 for Jersey, respectively. Most Holstein and Jersey herds (53%) were on Mixed rations, followed by Concentrates (28%) and Pastures (19%). Milk production was 9967 ± 2022; 6996 ± 1623 and 7143 ± 1549 kg for Holstein and 6385 ± 1233; 5155 ± 955 and 4753 ± 1022 kg for Jersey cows, respectively, for Concentrates, Mixed and Pasture systems. Most sires used were local (49% of Holstein sires and 68% of Jersey sires). Imported Holstein sires were mostly from USA (30%) and The Netherlands (17%), and foreign Jersey sires (26%) were mostly from the USA. Farmers seemed to select the same sires on the different feeding regimes. Differences between feeding regimes were significant. © South African Society for Animal Science.	Concentrates; Pasture systems; Sire selection	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70349648781	The influence of second language teaching on undergraduate mathematics performance	Gerber A., Harding A.F., Engelbrecht J., Rogan J.	2005	Mathematics Education Research Journal	17	3	10.1007/BF03217419	Arcus GIBB, PO Box 35007, Menlo Park, 0102, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Pretoria, 0002 Pretoria, South Africa; Science Education Research Group, University of KwaZuluNatal, Pietermartizburg Campus, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3202, South Africa	Gerber, A., Arcus GIBB, PO Box 35007, Menlo Park, 0102, Pretoria, South Africa; Harding, A.F., Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Pretoria, 0002 Pretoria, South Africa; Engelbrecht, J., Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Pretoria, 0002 Pretoria, South Africa; Rogan, J., Science Education Research Group, University of KwaZuluNatal, Pietermartizburg Campus, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3202, South Africa	Understanding abstract concepts and ideas in mathematics, if instruction takes place in the first language of the student, is difficult. Yet worldwide students often have to master mathematics via a second or third language. The majority of students in South Africa - a country with eleven official languages - has to face this difficulty. In a quantitative study of first year calculus students, we investigated two groups of students. For one group tuition took place in their home language; for the second group, tuition was in English, a second or even a third language. Performance data on their secondary mathematics and first year tertiary calculus were analysed. The study showed that there was no significant difference between the adjusted means of the entire group of first language learners and the entire group of second language learners. Neither was there any statistically significant difference between the performances of the two groups of second language learners (based on the adjusted means). Yet, there did seem to be a significant difference between the achievement of Afrikaans students attending Afrikaans lectures and Afrikaans students attending English lectures.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897839766	Land-use change and its socio-environmental impact in Eastern Ethiopia's highland	Meshesha D.T., Tsunekawa A., Tsubo M., Ali S.A., Haregeweyn N.	2014	Regional Environmental Change	14	2	10.1007/s10113-013-0535-2	Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan; Department of Geology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002 UP, India; Department of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection, Mekelle University, Tigray, P.O. Box 231, Mek'ele, Ethiopia; Institutes for Soil, Climate and Water, Agricultural Research Council, 600 Belvedere Street, Arcadia, Pretoria, 0083, South Africa	Meshesha, D.T., Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan; Tsunekawa, A., Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan; Tsubo, M., Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan, Institutes for Soil, Climate and Water, Agricultural Research Council, 600 Belvedere Street, Arcadia, Pretoria, 0083, South Africa; Ali, S.A., Department of Geology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002 UP, India; Haregeweyn, N., Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan, Department of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection, Mekelle University, Tigray, P.O. Box 231, Mek'ele, Ethiopia	The Alemaya district (Eastern Ethiopian highlands) is characterized by undulating physiographic features with arid, semi-arid, and humid climatic conditions. This study evaluated socio-environmental changes in land use and land cover during 1985-2011. Screen digitization on remotely sensed data (i.e., Landsat images from 1985 to 2011) was performed to produce 10 classes of land use and land cover. Then, final land-use maps were prepared using a geographic information system following field verification and accuracy assessment. The drying of water bodies, including the prominent lakes Alemaya, Adele, and Tinike, had been the most important environmental change observed. Degraded land, marsh, perennial cropland, and residential areas increased by 37, 438, 42, and 190 %, respectively, whereas grassland, plantation, shrubland, and temporal cropland decreased by 64, 11, 63, and 29 %, respectively. The increase in land degradation (+37 %), the other major observed problem, has made large areas unsuitable for agriculture and has reduced crop productivity. These land-use and land-cover changes have affected both the environment and the livelihoods of local residents; especially the issue related to land degradation requires urgent attention. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.	Alemaya; Image classification; Lake retreat; Land degradation; Land-use change; Satellite image	None	None
WoS	WOS:000267045500033	Multidimensional evaluation of managed relocation	Ashe, Daniel M.,Brennan, E. Jean,Camacho, Alejandro,Clark, Jamie Rappaport,Early, Regan,Etterson, Julie R.,Fielder, E. Dwight,Gill, Jacquelyn L.,Gonzalez, Patrick,Hellmann, Jessica J.,McLachlan, Jason S.,Minteer, Ben A.,Polasky, Stephen,Richardson, David	2009	PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA	106	24	10.1073/pnas.0902327106	Arizona State University, Brown University, Stanford University, Stellenbosch University, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), United States Forest Service, University of British Columbia, University of California Berkeley, University of California Davis, University of California System, University of Minnesota Duluth, University of Minnesota System, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, University of Notre Dame, University of Wisconsin Madison, University of Wisconsin System, Bur Land Management, USDA Forest Serv, US Fish & Wildlife Service	"Camacho, Alejandro: University of Notre Dame","Early, Regan: Brown University","Etterson, Julie R.: University of Minnesota Duluth","Etterson, Julie R.: University of Minnesota System","Etterson, Julie R.: University of Minnesota Twin Cities","Gill, Jacquelyn L.: University of Wisconsin Madison","Gill, Jacquelyn L.: University of Wisconsin System","Gonzalez, Patrick: University of California Berkeley","Gonzalez, Patrick: University of California System","Hellmann, Jessica J.: University of Notre Dame","McLachlan, Jason S.: University of Notre Dame","Minteer, Ben A.: Arizona State University","Richardson, David M.: Stellenbosch University","Safford, Hugh D.: United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)","Safford, Hugh D.: United States Forest Service","Sala, Osvaldo E.: Brown University","Sax, Dov F.: Brown University","Schwartz, Mark W.: University of California Davis","Schwartz, Mark W.: University of California System",	Managed relocation (MR) has rapidly emerged as a potential intervention strategy in the toolbox of biodiversity management under climate change. Previous authors have suggested that MR (also referred to as assisted colonization, assisted migration, or assisted translocation) could be a last-alternative option after interrogating a linear decision tree. We argue that numerous interacting and value-laden considerations demand a more inclusive strategy for evaluating MR. The pace of modern climate change demands decision making with imperfect information, and tools that elucidate this uncertainty and integrate scientific information and social values are urgently needed. We present a heuristic tool that incorporates both ecological and social criteria in a multidimensional decision-making framework. For visualization purposes, we collapse these criteria into 4 classes that can be depicted in graphical 2-D space. This framework offers a pragmatic approach for summarizing key dimensions of MR: capturing uncertainty in the evaluation criteria, creating transparency in the evaluation process, and recognizing the inherent tradeoffs that different stakeholders bring to evaluation of MR and its alternatives.	"assisted migration","CLIMATE CHANGE","CONSERVATION BIOLOGY","conservation strategy","sustainability science","ASSISTED COLONIZATION",CLIMATE-CHANGE,DEBATE,MIGRATION	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894078678	Evaluation of three-way maize (Zea mays L) hybrids for yield and resistance to maize streak virus and turcicum leaf blight diseases	Karavina C., Mandumbu R., Mukaro R.	2014	Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences	24	1	None	Bindura University of Science Education, Department of Crop Science, Private Bag 1020, Bindura, Zimbabwe; Department of Research and Specialist Services, Crop Breeding Institute, P. O. Box CY550, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe	Karavina, C., Bindura University of Science Education, Department of Crop Science, Private Bag 1020, Bindura, Zimbabwe; Mandumbu, R., Bindura University of Science Education, Department of Crop Science, Private Bag 1020, Bindura, Zimbabwe; Mukaro, R., Department of Research and Specialist Services, Crop Breeding Institute, P. O. Box CY550, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe	Maize, a staple food crop in sub-Saharan Africa and many other parts of the world, is affected by many diseases that reduce yield. Disease management has mainly been reliant on chemical and cultural control options. However, such options are unsustainable to the smallholder resource poor farmers and environmentally unfriendly. A study carried out at the Harare Research Station evaluated eight three-way and four commercial maize hybrids for yield and resistance to Maize streak virus using controlled leaf hopper infestation and Turcicum Leaf Blight under artificial inoculation. The objectives of the study were to identify hybrids that have multiple resistance to Maize streak virus and Turcicum Leaf Blight and to determine the relationship between disease severity and yield performance of the hybrids. The experiment was laid out in a split plot arrangement in a randomized complete block design with Disease type as the main plot factor while Maize hybrids were the subplot factor. Ratings of 1 (tolerant) to 5 (susceptible) based on streaked and blighted leaf surfaces were used. The hybrid 053WH54 had multiple resistance to Turcicum Leaf Blight and Maize streak virus. The hybrids 043WH61 and 043WH07 were high-yielding even at high disease pressure while 043WH41 and 013WH03 were relatively low yielding at low disease pressure. This showed the inherent genetic diversity of the hybrids. The hybrids ZS 225, 043WH61 and 043WH07 are recommended for production in areas with high prevalence of both diseases.	Hybrid; Maize streak virus; Resistance; Severity; Turcicum Leaf Blight; Yield	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893334876	Effects of job evaluation on decisions involving pay equity	Chaneta I.	2014	Asian Social Science	10	4	10.5539/ass.v10n4p145	Arts and Social Studies, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe	Chaneta, I., Arts and Social Studies, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe	Job evaluation's purpose is to compare all the jobs in the organisation, one with another, with the aim of producing a rank order. This rank order may be then be subdivided into groups of jobs of the same size which can, if desired, be placed within pay ranges or grades. While this approach is clearly more appropriate to large organisations, even in small organisations judgements have to be made about how one job compares with another, otherwise no decision can be made about relative pay and status. So, in effect, even where there is no formal method of job evaluation, jobs are evaluated in any case. It is really a question of how analytical the organisation wants to be.	Analytical; Appropriate; Pay ranges; Rank order; Relative pay; Subdivided	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873937678	Impact of locus of control expectancy on level of well-being	April K.A., Dharani B., Peters K.	2012	Review of European Studies	4	2	10.5539/res.v4n2p124	Ashridge Business School, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, 7701 Berkhamsted, HP4 1NS Cape Town, South Africa; Ashridge Business School, Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, HP4 1NS, United Kingdom	April, K.A., Ashridge Business School, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, 7701 Berkhamsted, HP4 1NS Cape Town, South Africa; Dharani, B., Ashridge Business School, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, 7701 Berkhamsted, HP4 1NS Cape Town, South Africa; Peters, K., Ashridge Business School, Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, HP4 1NS, United Kingdom	This paper investigates the impact of locus of control, a psychological social learning theory that is rigorously researched for its implications on leadership qualities, on the level of happiness of an individual. The primary research strategy employed was the survey strategy. Participants were asked to fill in a questionnaire that was designed to test, amongst other variables, their locus of control and level of happiness. The Spearman Rank Correlation hypothesis test was used to test the data for significance and strength of the relationship. As a secondary research approach, self-reflection documents written by research participants, on the topic of locus of control, were used to add personal expression to the discussion of the quantitative results. While academic literature vastly supports the view that leadership qualities are predominantly present in those with an internal locus of control, our research results conclude that a maximum level of happiness is achieved by individuals with a balanced locus of control expectancy - a mix of internal and external locus of control, alternatively known as 'bi-local expectancy'.	Bi-local; Expectancies; Happiness; Leadership; Locus of control; Subjective well-being	None	None
WoS	WOS:000305583300126	Towards Universal Health Coverage: An Evaluation of Rwanda Mutuelles in Its First Eight Years	Basinga, Paulin,Binagwaho, Agnes,Chin, Brian,Hill, Kenneth,Hirschhorn, Lisa R.,Lewandowski, Jiwon Lee,Lu, Chunling,Murray, Megan	2012	PLOS ONE	7	6	10.1371/journal.pone.0039282	Asian Development Bank, Harvard University, University of Rwanda	"Basinga, Paulin: University of Rwanda","Chin, Brian: Asian Development Bank","Hill, Kenneth: Harvard University","Hirschhorn, Lisa R.: Harvard University","Lewandowski, Jiwon Lee: Harvard University","Lu, Chunling: Harvard University","Murray, Megan: Harvard University",	Background: Mutuelles is a community-based health insurance program, established since 1999 by the Government of Rwanda as a key component of the national health strategy on providing universal health care. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of Mutuelles on achieving universal coverage of medical services and financial risk protection in its first eight years of implementation. Methods and Findings: We conducted a quantitative impact evaluation of Mutuelles between 2000 and 2008 using nationally-representative surveys. At the national and provincial levels, we traced the evolution of Mutuelles coverage and its impact on child and maternal care coverage from 2000 to 2008, as well as household catastrophic health payments from 2000 to 2006. At the individual level, we investigated the impact of Mutuelles' coverage on enrollees' medical care utilization using logistic regression. We focused on three target populations: the general population, under-five children, and women with delivery. At the household level, we used logistic regression to study the relationship between Mutuelles coverage and the probability of incurring catastrophic health spending. The main limitation was that due to insufficient data, we are not able to study the impact of Mutuelles on health outcomes, such as child and maternal mortalities, directly. The findings show that Mutuelles improved medical care utilization and protected households from catastrophic health spending. Among Mutuelles enrollees, those in the poorest expenditure quintile had a significantly lower rate of utilization and higher rate of catastrophic health spending. The findings are robust to various estimation methods and datasets. Conclusions: Rwanda's experience suggests that community-based health insurance schemes can be effective tools for achieving universal health coverage even in the poorest settings. We suggest a future study on how eliminating Mutuelles copayments for the poorest will improve their healthcare utilization, lower their catastrophic health spending, and affect the finances of health care providers.	,ASIA,CARE,CHINA,COUNTRIES,IMPACT,INSURANCE,OUT-OF-POCKET,PAYMENTS,SERVICES	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953415633	Impact of heavy metal contamination of Akaki river of Ethiopia on soil and metal toxicity on cultivated vegetable crops	Prabu P.C.	2009	Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry	8	9	None	Assistant Professor and PG Coordinator (Env.Science), Ambo University College, Ambo, Ethiopia	Prabu, P.C., Assistant Professor and PG Coordinator (Env.Science), Ambo University College, Ambo, Ethiopia	This study was conducted to assess the extent of heavy metal contamination of vegetables due to irrigation with polluted Akaki River water, Ethiopia on agricultural land. Samples of water, soil and different vegetables grown using Akaki River water have been analysed for seven heavy metals Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe and Ni using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results show that the heavy metals in Akaki water were higher than the natural elemental levels in freshwater. The heavy metals content in soil was higher than vegetable samples and the reason might be due to their strong adsorptive nature in soil (vertisol). The concentration of Cr in all vegetables was more than the maximum limit. The Cd accumulation was more in leafy vegetables than other vegetables under study. Metal transfer factors from soil to vegetables were significant for Zn, Mn, Cu, Fe and Cd and accumulation of Cr and Ni was comparatively less while that of Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn is more in vegetable plants.	Akaki water; Heavy metals; Soil; Vegetables and transfer factor	None	None
WoS	WOS:000327280400014	Evaluation of an External Quality Assessment Program for HIV Testing in Haiti, 2006-2011	Anselme, Renette,Balajee, S. Arunmozhi,Boncy, Jacques,Buteau, Josiane,Dahourou, Georges,Louis, Frantz Jean,Marston, Barbara,Ndongmo, Clement,Vertefeuille, John	2013	AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY	140	6	10.1309/AJCPYWX49IZSQKFS	Assoc Publ Hlth Labs, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent	None	Objectives: To evaluate an external quality assessment (EQA) program for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) rapid diagnostics testing by the Haitian National Public Health Laboratory (French acronym: LNSP). Acceptable performance was defined as any proficiency testing (PT) score more than 80%. Methods: The PT database was reviewed and analyzed to assess the testing performance of the participating laboratories and the impact of the program over time. A total of 242 laboratories participated in the EQA program from 2006 through 2011; participation increased from 70 laboratories in 2006 to 159 in 2011. Results: In 2006, 49 (70%) laboratories had a PT score of 80% or above; by 2011, 145 (97.5%) laboratories were proficient (P &lt; .05). Conclusions: The EQA program for HIV testing ensures quality of testing and allowed the LNSP to document improvements in the quality of HIV rapid testing over time. (C) American Society for Clinical Pathology	"EXTERNAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT","HIV rapid tests","PROFICIENCY TESTING",DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES,PROFICIENCY,SETTINGS	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924755802	Impact of anisotropic stresses during dissipative gravitational collapse	Reddy K.P., Govender M., Maharaj S.D.	2015	General Relativity and Gravitation	47	4	10.1007/s10714-015-1880-x	Astrophysics and Cosmology Research Unit, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa	Reddy, K.P., Astrophysics and Cosmology Research Unit, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa; Govender, M., Astrophysics and Cosmology Research Unit, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa; Maharaj, S.D., Astrophysics and Cosmology Research Unit, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa	We employ a perturbative scheme to study the evolution of a spherically symmetric stellar body undergoing gravitational collapse in the presence of heat dissipation and anisotropic stresses. The Bowers and Liang static model is perturbed, and its subsequent dynamical collapse is studied in the linear perturbative regime. We find that anisotropic effects brought about by the differences in the radial and tangential pressures render the core more unstable than the cooler surface layers. An analysis of the temperature profiles in the interior of the collapsing body shows that the temperature is enhanced in the presence of pressure anisotropy. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York.	Anisotropic stresses; Causal thermodynamics; Dissipative collapse	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896693226	Comparison of HI and optical redshifts of galaxies - The impact of redshift uncertainties on spectral line stacking	Maddox N., Hess K.M., Blyth S.-L., Jarvis M.J.	2013	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society	433	3	10.1093/mnras/stt934	Astrophysics, Cosmology and Gravity Centre (ACGC), Astronomy Department, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, 7701 Rondebosch, South Africa; Oxford Astrophysics, Denys Wilkinson Building, University of Oxford, Kehle Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom; Physics Department, University of the Western Cape, 7535 Cape Town, South Africa	Maddox, N., Astrophysics, Cosmology and Gravity Centre (ACGC), Astronomy Department, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, 7701 Rondebosch, South Africa; Hess, K.M., Astrophysics, Cosmology and Gravity Centre (ACGC), Astronomy Department, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, 7701 Rondebosch, South Africa; Blyth, S.-L., Astrophysics, Cosmology and Gravity Centre (ACGC), Astronomy Department, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, 7701 Rondebosch, South Africa; Jarvis, M.J., Oxford Astrophysics, Denys Wilkinson Building, University of Oxford, Kehle Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom, Physics Department, University of the Western Cape, 7535 Cape Town, South Africa	Accurate optical redshifts will be critical for spectral co-adding techniques used to extract detections from below the noise level in ongoing and upcoming surveys for neutral hydrogen (HI), which will extend our current understanding of gas reservoirs in galaxies to lower column densities and higher redshifts. We have used existing, high-quality optical and radio data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA survey to investigate the relationship between redshifts derived from optical spectroscopy and HI spectral line observations. We find that the two redshift measurements agree well, with a negligible systematic-offset and a small distribution width. Employing simple simulations, we determine how the width of an ideal stacked HI profile depends on these redshift offsets, as well as larger redshift errors more appropriate for high-redshift galaxy surveys. The width of the stacked profile is dominated by the width distribution of the input individual profiles when the redshift errors are less than the median width of the input profiles, and only when the redshift errors become large, ∼ 150 km s-1, do they significantly affect the width of the stacked profile. This redshift accuracy can be achieved with moderate-resolution optical spectra. We provide guidelines for the number of spectra required for stacking to reach a specified mass sensitivity, given telescope and survey parameters, which will be useful for planning optical spectroscopy observing campaigns to supplement the radio data.© 2013 The Authors.	Galaxies: Distances and redshifts; Radio lines: galaxies; Surveys	None	None
WoS	WOS:000306406400015	The impact of peer outreach on HIV knowledge and prevention behaviours of male sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya	Geibel, Scott,King'ola, Nzioki,Luchters, Stanley,Temmerman, Marleen	2012	SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS	88	5	10.1136/sextrans-2011-050224	Austin Research Institute, Ghent University, Burnet Inst, ICRH	None	Introduction Targeting most at-risk populations is an essential component of HIV prevention strategies. Peer education programmes have been found to increase HIV knowledge, condom use and safer sex behaviours among female sex workers in Africa and men who have sex with men elsewhere. The authors aimed to evaluate the impact of a peer-driven intervention on male sex workers who sell sex to men in Mombasa, Kenya. Methods Using time-venue sampling, a baseline survey of 425 male sex workers was conducted in late 2006, after which, 40 peer educators were trained in HIV prevention, basic counselling skills and distribution of condoms and lubricants. A follow-up time-venue survey of 442 male sex workers was conducted in early 2008, and pre- and post-intervention changes were examined. The impact of peer educator exposure on HIV knowledge and condom use was analysed. Results Positive changes in HIV prevention behaviours were observed, including increases in consistent use of condoms with both male clients (35.9%-50.2%, p&lt;0.001) and non-paying male partners (27.4%-39.5%, p=0.008). Exposure to peer educators (AOR=1.97, 95% CI 1.29 to 3.02) and ever having been counselled or tested for HIV (AOR=1.71, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.66) were associated with consistent condom use in multivariate analysis. Peer educator contact was also associated with improved HIV knowledge and use of water-based lubricants. Conclusions Peer outreach programming reached highly stigmatised male sex workers in Mombasa, resulting in significant, but limited, improvements in HIV knowledge and prevention behaviours. Improved peer coverage and additional prevention initiatives are needed to sufficiently mitigate HIV transmission.	,MEN	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33847330634	Impact assessment and biodiversity considerations in Nigeria: A case study of Niger Delta University campus project on wildlife in Nun River Forest Reserve	Hamadina M.K., Otobotekere D., Anyanwu D.I.	2007	Management of Environmental Quality	18	2	10.1108/14777830710725849	Biogeochem Associates Ltd., Port Harcourt, Nigeria; University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Biodiversity Unit, Institute of Pollution Studies, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Hamadina, M.K., Biogeochem Associates Ltd., Port Harcourt, Nigeria, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Otobotekere, D., Biodiversity Unit, Institute of Pollution Studies, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Anyanwu, D.I., University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Purpose - Niger Delta University (NDU) campus is located on the fringe of a Nun River Forest Reserve (NRFR) in Nigeria. The NRFR covers 97.15 km 2 of humid tropical rainforest characterized by torrential rains, seasonal flooding, and multi-layered vegetation. This paper aims to conduct a wildlife study, to assess the effects of the NDU campus project on NRFR. Design/methodology/approach - The assessment was preceded by "scoping" to determine key wildlife issues. Thereafter a mix of methods, including literature search, reconnaissance visits, field exercises, and interviews with hunters, was adopted to gather information. These were augmented with diurnal and nocturnal forest expeditions to find evidence(s) of wildlife species existence. Findings - There is a rich assemblage of wildlife species; of which 12 are enlisted in the 2006 IUCN Red List of threatened species, while 14 are protected by Nigeria's statutes; and they are threatened by human activities. The NDU campus project shall have significant adverse impacts on the wildlife: directly through habitat loss/fragmentation, nuisance, influx of people; and indirectly by exacerbating the existing threats. Research limitations/ implications - This work is limited to the NDU campus project and its impact on NRFR. The brevity of time spent in the field coupled with the generally inaccessible terrain and remote location of the NRFR constitute the limitations that must have influenced the findings in this paper. Originality/value - This paper reports the results of an original work, discusses the impacts of NDU campus on NRFR, and highlights conservation-friendly local beliefs/practices that could fit into a wildlife management plan, and fosters the debate on methodologies and field initiatives. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Animal habitats; Environmental management; Forests; Nigeria	None	None
WoS	WOS:000326315200005	Feasibility of adaptation of open source ILS for libraries in Kenya: a practical evaluation	Amollo, Beatrice Adera	2013	ELECTRONIC LIBRARY	31	5	10.1108/EL-12-2011-0171	Australian Studies Inst Lib	None	Purpose-Despite its fast growth and penetration in all sectors, it has been noted that open source software (OSS) is yet to find its optimal place in libraries, particularly libraries in the developing countries. Lack of documented information on the experiences and use of open source integrated library system (ILS) is a major drawback, and so the need for this study. The proposed study aims to help to investigate and test usability and cost effectiveness of a typical OSS for ILS. It will involve deploying the software from installation, configuration to creating customized user interfaces and structures that are specific to the requirements of the library's parent organization. The cost and performance of the OSS will then be compared with that of a typical commercial based software with the same functionalities. Design/methodology/approach-A preliminary study has been conducted to collect data from libraries in the country through distribution of questionnaires to provide data for accurate analysis that will form the basis for recommendations. The target group includes library and IT personnel in the various institutions and the end-users within sample group. A case study is proposed to help establish OSS effectiveness in libraries. To test a typical OSS, parameters are to be drawn from two models open source maturity model and business readiness rating. Findings-A casual observation of the Kenyan situation reveals that the majority of academic, public and research libraries depend on commercial, free or locally developed systems. This scenario may be attributed to lack of knowledge (or interest) in OSS alternatives and lack of sufficient technical expertise to support them. While there are quite a number of libraries and librarians worldwide that have shown a great interest in OSS, few library administrators have actually implemented OSS. Could this be due to fear of taking on the risks that may come with reliance on open source library automation systems? Is the low uptake due to lack of sufficient technical expertise in the libraries? The research outcomes will help formulate a model and guidelines to be used by systems librarians considering the use of OSS for library processes. Factors to be considered when deciding on OSS will be outlined. Research limitations/implications-This paper is of importance to library personnel in Kenya as it establishes the effectiveness of OSS, with the aim of empowering the library staff who have for a long time relied on their IT departments and vendors for systems installation and implementation. Originality/value-The study will result in a comprehensive evaluation of the economic and functional advantages of OSS as an alternative for the library in Kenya. Librarians involved in selection of software for their libraries will find this helpful when deciding on the type of software to select for their libraries. It will help to enlighten library professional about the value of OSS and how they can participate in the development of their own systems, instead of always relying on vendors.	"information systems","integrated software",KENYA,LIBRARIES,"LIBRARY AUTOMATION","LIBRARY SYSTEMS","OPEN SYSTEMS",RESEARCH,"OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900417099	Thermal performance considerations for intelligent video	Alves R.	2014	EngineerIT	None	APRIL	None	Axis Communications, South Africa	Alves, R., Axis Communications, South Africa	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000340956400001	Impact of health education intervention on knowledge and perception of cervical cancer and cervical screening uptake among adult women in rural communities in Nigeria	Abiodun, Olumide A.,Olu-Abiodun, Oluwatosin O.,Oluwole, Francis A.,Sotunsa, John O.	2014	BMC PUBLIC HEALTH	14	None	10.1186/1471-2458-14-814	Babcock Univ, Olabisi Onabanjo Univ, Sch Nursing	None	Background: Cervical cancer is a disease of public health importance affecting many women and contributing to avoidably high levels of cancer deaths in Nigeria. In spite of the relative ease of prevention, the incidence is on the increase. This study aimed to determine the effect of health education on the awareness, knowledge and perception of cervical cancer and screening among women in rural Nigerian communities. Methods: The study design was quasi-experimental. The study was carried out among adult women in Odogbolu (intervention) and Ikenne (control) local government areas (LGA) of Ogun state. Three hundred and fifty (350) women were selected per group by multistage random sampling technique. Data was collected by semi structured interviews with the aid of questionnaire. The intervention consisted of structured health education based on a movie. Result: The intervention raised the level of awareness of cervical cancer and screening to 100% (p &lt; 0.0001). The proportion of women with very good knowledge of cervical cancer and screening rose from 2% to 70.5% (X-2 = 503.7, p &lt; 0.0001) while the proportion of those with good perception rose from 5.1% to 95.1% (p &lt; 0.0001). The mean knowledge and mean perception scores were also increased (p &lt; 0.0001). There was increase in the proportion of women who had undertaken cervical screening from 4.3% to 8.3% (p = 0.038). The major reason stated by the women for not having had cervical screening done was lack of awareness about cervical cancer and screening. There was statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups concerning their knowledge attitude and practice towards cervical and screening (p &lt; 0.05) after the intervention. Conclusion: Multiple media health education based on a movie is effective in creating awareness for and improving the knowledge and perception of adult women about cervical cancer and screening. It also improves the uptake of cervical cancer screening. The creation of awareness is very crucial to the success of a cervical cancer prevention programme.	AWARENESS,"CERVICAL CANCER","CERVICAL SCREENING",KNOWLEDGE,movie,"Participatory health education",PERCEPTION,BREAST	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84938718507	Influence of business information use on sales performance of SMEs in Lagos State	Ojo A., Akinsunmi S., Olayonu O.	2015	Library Philosophy and Practice	2015	1	None	Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria	Ojo, A., Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria; Akinsunmi, S., Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria; Olayonu, O., Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria	Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) are crucial drivers of every nation's economy. However, reports suggest SMEs in Nigeria have not performed creditably well in terms of sales. Hence, they are yet to contribute to a large extent to the economic growth and development of the country. Considering that business information is an indispensable resource in overall business performance, one is forced to question the availability and utilisation of business information by SME owners. This study examines the influence of business information use on the sales performance of SMEs in the information technology sector in Lagos State. Employing a survey research design, the study population comprised of 575 Computer and Allied Product Dealers Association of Nigeria (CAPDAN) registered SMEs in Computer Village of Lagos State. The stratified sampling technique was used to survey the responses of 181 SME owners who served as respondents in this study. A selfdeveloped questionnaire was used as the instrument of data collection. Frequency distribution, simple percentages, and regression analysis were used for data analysis. Findings revealed that SMEs obtained most of the information they use from newspapers and informal sources. Also revealed was that business information utilisation influences sales performance of SMEs (R = 0.36, R Square = .212, F<inf>1,161</inf> = 94.18, p < 0.05). The study concludes that business information use for SMEs sales performance is inevitable. However, use is predicated on availability. It is recommended that agencies in charge of SMEs in Nigeria should put more effort in ensuring formal information sources are made available to SME owners.	Business information; Information availability; Information use; Sales performance; SMEs	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79958810394	Empirical analysis of impact of capital market development on Nigeria's economic growth (1981-2008) (case study: Nigerian stock exchange)	Obiakor R.T., Okwu A.T.	2011	DLSU Business and Economics Review	20	2	None	Babcock University, Nigeria	Obiakor, R.T., Babcock University, Nigeria; Okwu, A.T., Babcock University, Nigeria	This study empirically examined the impact of capital market development on economic growth in Nigeria for the period 1981-2008. The major tool we employed for empirical analysis is a multiple regression analysis model specified on the basis of hypothesized functional relationship between capital market development and economic growth. For capital market development indicators, we considered ratios of value of shares traded, market capitalization, gross capital formation and foreign private investment, to gross domestic product, as explanatory variables, while we used growth rate of gross domestic product as the dependent variable. We introduced an error correction term to capture the flexibility in adjustment to long-run equilibrium. We estimated the model via the ordinary least squares (OLS) techniques. Further, we evaluated the model using relevant statistics. The results showed that while market capitalization, gross capital formation, and foreign private investment individually exerted statistically significant impact on growth of the economy, value of shares traded exerted positive but statistically insignificant impact during the review period. However, the variables jointly exerted statistically significant impact on growth of the economy. In addition, the model exhibited a very high explanatory power and high flexibility in adjustment to long-run equilibrium. The variables time series were stationary at second difference, showed existence of long-run relationship between the two sets of variables, and exhibited stability for the study period. Based on the findings, the study recommended, among others, sustainable development of the capital market to enhance faster rates of capital accumulation for greater productivity gains and economic growth as well as the need to complement market development with real sector macroeconomic policy thrust like significant reduction in lending rates to stimulate investment and manufacturing activities in the real sector and translate capital market gains to real sector output growth. © 2011 De La Salle University, Philippines.	Capital market; Development; Economic growth	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84888858013	Evaluation and demonstration of direct solar potato dryer	Tefera A., Endalew W., Fikiru B.	2013	Livestock Research for Rural Development	25	12	None	Bahir Dar Agricultural Mechanization and Food Science Research Centre, P.O. Box 133, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Food, Medicine and Health Care Administration and Control Authority of Ethiopia, P.O. Box 5681, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Tefera, A., Bahir Dar Agricultural Mechanization and Food Science Research Centre, P.O. Box 133, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Endalew, W., Bahir Dar Agricultural Mechanization and Food Science Research Centre, P.O. Box 133, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Fikiru, B., Food, Medicine and Health Care Administration and Control Authority of Ethiopia, P.O. Box 5681, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of two models of direct solar potato dryers and to demonstrate to farmers around potato producing areas, in Amhara Regional State. Wooden box dryer and Pyramid shape dryer models were evaluated. Dryers were compared with open sun drying methods. Temperature, relative humidity as well as the rate of moisture removal as expressed by loss-in-weight were recorded and analyzed. Results showed that on the average there was a 10-20 °C temperature difference between ambient condition and the drying chambers. Besides, the weight of sliced potato which was initially 0.90 kg was reduced to about 0.19 kg within two days. This showed an overall reduction in drying time by 2-3 hours compared to open sun drying. This result, however, was not perceived to be large enough under existing testing condition. But considering other benefits of the driers like protecting the drying material against contaminants, dust, and insects resulting in better quality product, this result is acceptable. On the other hand, comparing the performances of the two driers, Pyramid dryer was found better in creating more conducive drying environment with optimal temperature and lower relative humidity. Moreover, considering manufacturing costs, simplicity in design to manufacture in rural area from almost any kind of available building materials by locally available workmen, Pyramid dryer is better than Box dryer. Demonstration and practical training on the use of solar dryers and methods of food preparation out of the dried potato slices was provided for a group of farmers. Participant farmers actively participated in the potato menu preparation and informal sensory evaluation. They have showed high interest in diversified potato utilization as it enhances their feeding habits. This dryer was found suitable for drying small quantities (10-15 kg) of agricultural products which suits best for household level. Therefore, Pyramid (pyramid shape) dryer models should be recommended for further promotion.	Dried potato; Dryer model; Farmers; Potato processing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940703988	Evaluation of genetic parameters and growth traits of Hungarian Simmental cattle breed	Kebede D., Komlosi I.	2015	Livestock Research for Rural Development	27	9	None	Bahir Dar University College, Agriculture and Environmental Science, P.O. Box: 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Debrecen University, P.O. Box: 36, Debrecen, Hungary	Kebede, D., Bahir Dar University College, Agriculture and Environmental Science, P.O. Box: 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Komlosi, I., Debrecen University, P.O. Box: 36, Debrecen, Hungary	A study was undertaken in Hungary with the objectives to evaluate Hungarian Simmental cattle growth traits and estimate genetic parameters. Calving ease, birth weight, weaning weight, weaning age, 205-day weight and average daily gain of Hungarian Simmental calves (n=6552, bulls=1479 , heifers=5073) were evaluated. The effects included in the model for the analysis of growth traits were sex (2 classes), birth year (13 classes), birth month (12 classes) and farm (8 classes). R software program was used to calculate variance analysis and least square means; PEST software was used for data file and pedigree file coding and VCE6 software was used for calculating heritablities and correlations. Sex, year, month and farm significantly influenced CE, BW, WW, WA, 205W and ADG (P<0.001). Birth month and sex of the calf significantly (p<0.05) influenced CE, BW, 205W and ADG. The estimated heritablities of WW, BW, ADG and 205W were 0.26, 0.16, 0.31 and 0.25, respectively. Genetic correlation among weaning weight, birth weight, average daily gain and 205-day weight were positive but with calving ease was negative. Weaning weight had strong genetic correlation with average daily gain (r=0.98). Calving ease also had negative genetic correlation with 205-day weight (r=-0.02). The phenotypic correlation of average daily gain and 205-day weight was strong (0.79). © 2015 Fundacion CIPAV. All rights reserved.	Genetic correlation; Phenotypic correlation; Programmes and assessment	None	None
WoS	WOS:000284282200007	Impact of occupational health and safety on worker productivity: A case of Zimbabwe food industry	Gadzirayi, C. T.,Katsuro, P.,Mupararano, Suzanna,Taruwona, M.	2010	AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT	4	13	None	Bindura Univ Sci Educ	None	This research sought to assess the impact of occupational health safety ( OHS) on productivity in the commercial food industry. The objective of the study was to explore OHS problems of different work areas and their impact on productivity. The research targeted production supervisors, shop floor employees and industrial clinic nurses. Questionnaires, interviews and observations were used as research instruments to collect data. The study found out that OHS related problems negatively affect workers' productive capacity in the food industry resulting in reduced worker output. Workers develop a negative attitude and low morale towards work. High incidents of accidents at work also occur. The study recommends that food industry factories should upgrade their OHS through training programmes and use up-to-date equipment.	"Food factory","OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH",productivity.,SAFETY	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84948771504	Higher breastfeeding performance index is associated with lower risk of illness in infants under six months in Ethiopia	Haile D., Biadgilign S.	2015	International Breastfeeding Journal	10	1	10.1186/s13006-015-0057-2	Bahir Dar University, Department of Reproductive Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Independent Public Health Research Consultants, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Haile, D., Bahir Dar University, Department of Reproductive Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Biadgilign, S., Independent Public Health Research Consultants, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Background: Breastfeeding performance index is an explanatory attempt to summarize key breastfeeding practices by summarizing the different dimensions of breastfeeding practices into a single summary variable. Breastfeeding performance index is used to assess optimal breastfeeding practices by constructing a single composite index that includes timely initiation of breastfeeding, prelacteal feeding, current breastfeeding status, bottle feeding, any liquid given(except medicine) in the last 24h, formula given in the last 24h, any solid food given in the last 24h. This study aimed to assess optimal breastfeeding practices of 0-6 month infants using breastfeeding performance index (BPI) and its association with childhood illness in Ethiopia. Methods: A secondary data analysis was carried out based on the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) 2011 data. The BPI was created using seven components by giving equal weight for all components during scoring. The data were described using descriptive statistics and analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of low, medium, and high BPI was 18.41, 57.96 and 23.63% respectively. The mean BPI score was 4.38 (SD 1.25; 95% CI 4.31, 4.45). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that those infants who had low BPI score were 2.22 times (AOR=2.22; 95% CI 1.20, 4.11) and medium BPI category had 2.15 times at higher odds (AOR=2.15; 95% CI 1.23, 3.75) of developing diarrhea compared to infants in the highest BPI category. Being in the lower BPI category was significantly associated with higher odds of having fever (AOR=1.73; 95% CI 1.06, 2.80). Being in the medium index category was also associated with higher odds of having short and rapid breaths (AOR=2.02; 95% CI 1.01, 4.04). Conclusion: More than 80% of the infants did not receive optimal breastfeeding practices based on the Breastfeeding Performance Index. Lower BPI was statistically associated with diarrhea, fever and short and rapid breaths illness in the last 2 weeks. This study implicates the importance of optimal breastfeeding to reduce childhood illness. © 2015 Haile and Biadgilign.	Breastfeeding; DHS; Ethiopia; Index; Infants	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879584016	Enhancing self-regulated learning in teaching spoken communication: Does it affect speaking efficacy and performance?	Aregu B.B.	2013	Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching	10	1	None	Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia	Aregu, B.B., Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia	The study examines the effects of enhancing self-regulated learning in the teaching of spoken communication on speaking efficacy and performances among second year students attending spoken and written communication lessons in the College of Business and Economics of Bahir Dar University. In this study, two sections consisting of 91 participants were included. To gather data, scales, tests, and diaries were used. Descriptive statistics, paired t-test, independent samples t-test, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were applied to analyze the quantitative data. On the other hand, the qualitative data were analysed using such steps as looking for themes and coding, categorizing codes of similar content, and writing summary and interpretation. The outputs of the ANCOVA show that 56% of the variance in speaking performance and 39% of the variance in speaking efficacy are accounted for by the self-regulated learning intervention controlling for initial differences. The qualitative analysis also indicated that the experimental group improved its speaking efficacy and performances. Overall, the results reveal that the experimental group surpasses the control group in both speaking efficacy and performances. The results imply that attention needs to be paid to the enhancement of self-regulated learning in the process of teaching spoken communication. © Centre for Language Studies National University of Singapore.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873350859	Statistical analysis of the performance of microfinance institutions: The Ethiopian case	Anduanbessa T.	2009	Savings and Development	33	2	None	Bank of Abyssinia S.C., Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Anduanbessa, T., Bank of Abyssinia S.C., Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Nowadays governments and many development agents pay great attention to the development of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) with the belief that they are able to alleviate poverty in a very shot time. This paper tried to give statistical insight in measuring the performance of MFIs in Ethiopia and the determinants of their performance. A cross-sectional data from 2006 fiscal calendar balance sheet of 26 MFIs in the country is used to carry out the study. Factor analysis (FA) of performance indicators revealed that the deposit mobilized from clients, the number of active borrowers, and the gross loan portfolio load high on one component, establishing the outreach performance dimension of the MFIs in the country. On the other hand, profit margin, OSS, return on asset and gross loan portfolio-to-total asset ratio load high on the other component, establishing the financial sustainability dimension. In order to identify the determinants of the performance of the MFIs, a seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) model was fitted on the outreach and sustainability dimension scores synthesized by FA. The number/ types of financial services rendered, the number of staff per branch and their capital are found to determine the outreach performance of the MFIs in the country. It was also noted that capital has an adverse impact on the outreach efforts of the MFIs. Moreover, the financial viability of the MFIs is found to be highly determined by the average amount of loans disbursed to individuals, the financial revenue ratio and the cost per borrower ratio.	Factor analysis (FA); Microfinance Institutions (MFIs); Outreach; Seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) model; Sustainability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897143998	The impact of financial structure on profitability of firms: A cross-sectional industry analysis of Nigerian quoted firms	Ekumankama O.O.	2011	Corporate Ownership and Control	9	1 E	None	Banking and Finance Department, Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa, African Institute of Applied Economics, Nigeria	Ekumankama, O.O., Banking and Finance Department, Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa, African Institute of Applied Economics, Nigeria	This study empirically examines the impact of financial structure decision on the profitability of Nigerian quoted firms. Cross-sectional time series data of 72 Nigerian quoted firms were collated and analysed. Two hypotheses were proposed for the study, while the ordinary least square (OLS), fixed effects (FE) and the gerneralised least square (GLS) regression were used on pooled and panel data to estimate the relationship between financial leverage and the different measures of profitability in Nigeria quoted firms. In determining the extent of the influence of leverage on the dependent variables, most of the industrial groups showed evidence of sizable positive influence of leverage on profitability and earnings yield. This was significant and robust with all the measures of leverage.	Cross-sectional analysis; Finance; Listed firms; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864568925	Perceptions of Threat Risk Frequency and Impact on Construction Projects in Ghana: Opinion survey findings	Chileshe N., Boadua A., Yirenkyi-Fianko	2011	Journal of Construction in Developing Countries	16	2	None	Barbara Hardy Institute (BHI), School of Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIPMA), Achimota, Accra, Ghana	Chileshe, N., Barbara Hardy Institute (BHI), School of Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Boadua, A., Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIPMA), Achimota, Accra, Ghana; Yirenkyi-Fianko, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIPMA), Achimota, Accra, Ghana	Threat risks are experienced by all stakeholders in a construction project. Although the nature of these risks is understood, less is known about their likelihood of occurrence and potential impact. This study explored these elements of risk by using an opinion survey approach to collect data from 103 professionals (clients, consultants and contractors) in the Ghanaian construction industry. Significant differences were found between the perceptions of these sub-groups regarding the likelihood of occurrence of threat risks in five categories: construction method; price inflation; exceptional weather; ground conditions and site contamination; and poor communication among the project team. The contractors rated 'construction methods' higher than did the clients, and they also rated 'exceptional weather' higher than either the clients or the consultants. On the other hand, consultants rated 'price inflation' higher than the clients. Significant differences between the sub-groups were also found regarding the potential impact of the threat risk of price fluctuation. The consultants rated the 'price fluctuation' threat risk higher than either the contractors or the clients. These findings suggest that despite the existence of remedial strategies to protect some of the stakeholders from these risks, there is a fear of being blacklisted, thus compromising future opportunities (especially among contractors) should legal action be taken to redress the identified problems (such as such delayed payments). The following implications are drawn: One of the suggested recourses is the introduction of bespoke rather than standard contracts, as these might introduce contract flaws and contribute towards helping the project stakeholders monitor these potential risks and take appropriate action. © Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2011.	Construction industry; Ghana; Opinion survey; Project risk factors	None	None
WoS	WOS:000344345100006	The Impact of Mentor Mother Programs on PMTCT Service Uptake and Retention-in-Care at Primary Health Care Facilities in Nigeria: A Prospective Cohort Study (MoMent Nigeria)	Adejuyigbe, Ebun,Adeyemi, Olusegun A.,Afe, Abayomi J.,Bassey, Emem,Charurat, Manhattan E.,Cornelius, Llewellyn J.,Galadanci, Hadiza,Isah, Haroun O.,Jolaoso, Ibidun,Okundaye, Joshua N.,Sam-Agudu, Nadia A.,Wiwa, Owens M.	2014	JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES	67	None	10.1097/QAI.0000000000000331	Bayero University, Obafemi Awolowo University, University of Maryland Baltimore, University System of Maryland, Clinton Hlth Access Initiat, Equitable Hlth Access Initiat, Fed Minist Hlth, Inst Human Virol Nigeria	"Adejuyigbe, Ebun: Obafemi Awolowo University","Charurat, Manhattan E.: University of Maryland Baltimore","Charurat, Manhattan E.: University System of Maryland","Cornelius, Llewellyn J.: University of Maryland Baltimore","Cornelius, Llewellyn J.: University System of Maryland","Galadanci, Hadiza: Bayero University","Okundaye, Joshua N.: University of Maryland Baltimore","Okundaye, Joshua N.: University System of Maryland",	Background:Nigeria is a key target country in the global effort toward elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Low coverage of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) interventions, adherence, and retention-in-care rates in HIV-positive pregnant women are contributing factors to high mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) rates. In Nigeria, rural areas, served largely by primary health care facilities, have particularly poor indicators of PMTCT coverage. Mentor Mothers are HIV-positive women who serve as peer counselors for PMTCT clients, provide guidance, and support in keeping appointments and promoting antiretroviral adherence and retention-in-care. The Mother Mentor (MoMent) study aims to investigate the impact of structured Mentor Mother programs on PMTCT outcomes in rural Nigeria.Design and Methods:A prospective cohort study will compare rates of retention-in-care among PMTCT clients who are supported by formally-trained supervised Mentor Mothers versus clients who receive standard-of-care, informal peer support. Study sites are 20 primary health care centers (10 intervention, 10 control) in rural North-Central Nigeria. The study population is HIV-positive mothers and exposed infant pairs (MIPs) (N = 480; 240 MIPs per study arm). Primary outcome measures are the proportion of exposed infants receiving early HIV testing by age 2 months, and the proportion of MIPs retained in care at 6 months postpartum. Secondary outcome measures examine antiretroviral adherence, 12-month postpartum MIP retention, and MTCT rates. This article presents details of the study design, the structured Mentor Mother programs, and how their impact on PMTCT outcomes will be assessed.	ADHERENCE,"early infant diagnosis","Mentor Mother",NIGERIA,PMTCT,RETENTION,AFRICA,CASCADE,COMMUNITY,INTERVENTION,OUTCOMES,PREVENTION,"TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION",WORKERS	None	None
WoS	WOS:000311783600002	Evaluation of the effectiveness of an outreach clinical mentoring programme in support of paediatric HIV care scale-up in Botswana	Anabwani, Gabriel,Draper, Heather R.,Gaetsewe, Neo,Jibril, Haruna,Kirk, Brianna,Scherzer, Leah,Thuto, Boitumelo,Tolle, Michael A.,Wanless, R. Sebastian,Workneh, Gelane	2013	AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV	25	1	10.1080/09540121.2012.674096	Baylor College of Medicine, Minist Hlth, Princess Marina Hosp, Texas Childrens Hosp	"Draper, Heather R.: Baylor College of Medicine","Gaetsewe, Neo: Baylor College of Medicine","Thuto, Boitumelo: Baylor College of Medicine","Wanless, R. Sebastian: Baylor College of Medicine",	Clinical mentoring by providers skilled in HIV management has been identified as a cornerstone of scaling-up antiretroviral treatment in Africa, particularly in settings where expertise is limited. However, little data exist on its effectiveness and impact on improving the quality-of-care and clinical outcomes, especially for HIV-infected children. Since 2008, the Botswana-Baylor Children's Clinical Centre of Excellence (COE) has operated an outreach mentoring programme at clinical sites around Botswana. This study is a retrospective review of 374 paediatric charts at four outreach mentoring sites (Mochudi, Phutadikobo, Molepolole and Thamaga) evaluating the effectiveness of the programme as reflected in a number of clinically-relevant areas. Charts from one visit prior to initiation of mentoring and from one visit after approximately one year of mentoring were assessed for statistically-significant differences (p&lt;0.05) in the documentation of clinically-relevant indicators. Mochudi showed notable improvements in all indicators analysed, with particular improvements in documentation of pill count, viral load (VL) results, correct laboratory monitoring and correct antiretroviral therapy (ART) dosing (p&lt;0.0001, p&lt;0.0001, p&lt;0.0001 and p&lt;0.0001, respectively). Broad and substantial improvements were also seen in Molepolole, with the most improvement in disclosure documentation of all four sites. At Thamaga, improvements were restricted to CD4 documentation (p&lt;0.001), recent VL and documented pill count (p&lt;0.05 and p&lt;0.05, respectively). Phuthadikobo showed the least amount of improvement across indicators, with only VL documentation and correct ART dosing showing statistically-significant improvements (p&lt;0.05 and p&lt;0.0001, respectively). These findings suggest that clinical mentoring may assist improvements in a number of important areas, including ART dosing and monitoring; adherence assessment and assurance; and disclosure. Clinical mentoring may be a valuable tool in scale-up of quality paediatric HIV care-and-treatment outside specialised centres. Further study will help refine approaches to clinical mentoring, including assuring mentoring translates into improved clinical outcomes for HIV-infected children.	"ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",BOTSWANA,"clinical mentoring",EFFECTIVENESS,"paediatric HIV",ADHERENCE,ADOLESCENTS,"ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",DISCLOSURE,EXPERIENCE,HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS,"INFECTED CHILDREN",MANAGEMENT,PERSPECTIVES,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84902346930	Feed intake and growth performance of indigenous chicks fed diets with Moringa oleifera leaf meal as a protein supplement during early brooding stage	Gadzirayi C.T., Mupangwa J.F.	2014	International Journal of Poultry Science	13	3	None	Bindura University of Science Education, P. Bag 1020, Bindura, Zimbabwe; Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice Campus, Alice-5700, South Africa	Gadzirayi, C.T., Bindura University of Science Education, P. Bag 1020, Bindura, Zimbabwe; Mupangwa, J.F., Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice Campus, Alice-5700, South Africa	The high cost of conventional feed ingredients in poultry diets has necessitated the investigation into unconventional readily available feedstuffs. The study was designed to investigate the effects of feeding different levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) on feed intake and growth performance of indigenous chicks. Eighty four unsexed indigenous chicks were assigned to four treatment diets, with each treatment being replicated three times. The dietary treatments were as follows; control diet (T1) without MOLM and diets containing MOLM were at the rate of 5% (T2), 10% (T3) and 15% (T4) to supplement the CP of the control diet. Chicks fed on 0% MOLM had a higher average weekly feed intake than the other three treatments (T2, T3 and T4). The highest weight gain was experienced between weeks 4 to 6 except for treatment 3 that had its peak weight gain on week 5. FCR was similar for all dietary treatments. Weekly live bird weight (WLBW) advantage of chicks fed 0% MOLM diet was maintained followed by those fed diet containing 5% MOLM. The chicks on 10 and 15% MOLM diet recorded similar, but significantly (p&lt;0.05) lower WLBW from the 5 to 8th week than chicks on 0-5% MOLM. The study recommended MOLM inclusion levels of 5% in chicken diets during early brooding stage. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2014.	Brooding; Feed intake; Growth rate; Indigenous chicks; Moringa oleifera	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949686387	Evaluation of microbial systems for biotreatment of cassava mill waste water in Nigeria: biodegradation of cyanide	Agarry S.E., Owabor C.N.	2012	International Journal of Environmental Engineering	4	04-Mar	10.1504/IJEE.2012.050771	Biochemical Engineering and Environmental Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Benin, Benin-City, Nigeria	Agarry, S.E., Biochemical Engineering and Environmental Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Owabor, C.N., Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Benin, Benin-City, Nigeria	The capability of six isolated bacterial strains to utilise cyanide in cassava mill wastewater as a nitrogen source in a batch bioreactor was examined and evaluated. The results revealed that all the isolates were capable of degrading cyanide with percent degradation between 60 and 94% in 96 h. There was high positive correlation between cyanide biodegradation and microbial growth (0.90 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.97). The Monod kinetic model adequately described the dynamic behaviour of cyanide degradation by the different bacterial isolates. Thus, the study revealed the possibility of using the bacterial isolates in the biotreatment of cyanide waste effluents. © 2012 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	bacterial isolates; bioremediation; cassava mill wastewater; cyanide removal; Monod kinetic model	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77449153568	Formulation of annatto feed concentrate for layers and the evaluation of egg yolk color preference of consumers	Ofosu I.W., Appiah-Nkansah E., Owusu L., Apea-Bah F.B., Oduro I., Ellis W.O.	2010	Journal of Food Biochemistry	34	1	10.1111/j.1745-4514.2009.00264.x	Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biosciences, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, Kwabenya - Accra, Ghana	Ofosu, I.W., Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biosciences, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Appiah-Nkansah, E., Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biosciences, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Owusu, L., Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biosciences, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Apea-Bah, F.B., Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, Kwabenya - Accra, Ghana; Oduro, I., Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biosciences, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Ellis, W.O., Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biosciences, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Now a days, intensely farmed poultry eggs show almost no differences in egg yolk and albumin compared with domestic layers. Annatto shrub grows rapidly to produce seeds coated with bixin and norbixin dyes which are used to color foods requiring no limits according to codex standards because they are generally regarded as safe for food applications. In this research, annatto concentrate prepared at 1:1 feed to annatto seeds was applied at 1, 4, 7 and 10% over 8 months. The results show that such feeds had no effect on the egg size (P > 0.05) (mean = 62.25 g) as well as proximate composition of feed and flavor of the resulting egg yolks, while rate of application of concentrate show significant (P < 0.05) effect on overall preference of egg yolk of layers fed up to 7%. It is recommended that annatto concentrate can be applied at 1% to give generally acceptable color intensity. © 2010, The Author(s) Journal compilation © 2010, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84905995470	Evaluation and quantification of the contributions of damaged shea kernels to the quality of Nigerian shea butter	Obibuzor J.U., Abigor R.D., Omamor I.B., Omoriyekemwen V.O., Okunwaye T., Okogbenin E.A.	2014	International Journal of Postharvest Technology and Innovation	4	1	10.1504/IJPTI.2014.064140	Biochemistry Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research, NIFOR, PMB 1030, Benin City, Nigeria; Pathology Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research, NIFOR, PMB 1030, Benin City, Nigeria	Obibuzor, J.U., Biochemistry Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research, NIFOR, PMB 1030, Benin City, Nigeria; Abigor, R.D., Biochemistry Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research, NIFOR, PMB 1030, Benin City, Nigeria; Omamor, I.B., Pathology Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research, NIFOR, PMB 1030, Benin City, Nigeria; Omoriyekemwen, V.O., Biochemistry Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research, NIFOR, PMB 1030, Benin City, Nigeria; Okunwaye, T., Biochemistry Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research, NIFOR, PMB 1030, Benin City, Nigeria; Okogbenin, E.A., Biochemistry Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research, NIFOR, PMB 1030, Benin City, Nigeria	The objective of the research was to characterise the quality of shea kernel that is whole and intact (WSK), bruised (BSK), and microbial and pest (MPSK) and, to evaluate the physico-chemical properties of the extracted butter in order to partition the contributions of the spoilt kernels to the overall butter quality. The study was performed using shea nuts from Kutigi, Bida, Nigeria. Proximate composition, physico-chemical and fatty acid composition were determined using standard methods of analysis on the whole kernel and the extracted butter. The lipid content was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in WSK (52.44%) relative to BSK (41.99%) and MPSK (39.80%). The study indicated that MSPK made the highest contribution in lowering the shea butter quality by 30%-50%. There was no significant difference in the fatty acid composition of the three sample categories. The free fatty acid, acid value, peroxide value and anisidine value were 3.4, 3.4, 5 and 3 times higher in MPSK than in BSK respectively. This study recommends that the shea kernel processors should sort the shea kernels into three categories and process them correspondingly to yield three different grades and markets depending on period of storage. Overall, the spoilage process in stored shea kernel significantly affects the chemical quality of butter and this study has revealed numerically the degree. Copyright © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Butter; Fatty acids; Microbial; Nigeria; Postharvest.; Proximate composition; Quality; Shea kernel	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949555720	Relationships between physical and biomechanical parameters and golf drive performance: A field-based study	Green A., Dafkin C., Kerr S., McKinon W.	2015	South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation	37	3	None	Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand Medical School, Johannesburg, South Africa	Green, A., Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand Medical School, Johannesburg, South Africa; Dafkin, C., Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand Medical School, Johannesburg, South Africa; Kerr, S., Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand Medical School, Johannesburg, South Africa; McKinon, W., Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand Medical School, Johannesburg, South Africa	A proficient golf swing is composed of a sequence of highly complex biomechanical movements and requires precisely timed and coordinated body movements to achieve great distance and accuracy. The aim of the current study was to identify the key physiological and biomechanical variables that relate to golf drive performance. Eighteen golfers (handicap 11±6 strokes, playing experience 18±15 years), volunteered to take part in the study. Drive distance and accuracy were measured directly. Balance was assessed using a modified stork test and hand-eye coordination was assessed using a 3D maze. Average balance duration of both legs (r= 0.563; p=0.015), left leg (r= 0.620; p=0.006) and right leg (r= 0.488; p=0.044) were all significantly correlated to drive distance. Hand-eye coordination was significantly negatively correlated to total drive distance (r=-0.600 p=0.008), but was not associated significantly with the centre of hit between the clubface and ball. Several parameters were found to have significant relationships to golf drive distance in a group of amateur golfers. Therefore, training regimes could include tasks that aim to improve hand-eye coordination and balance. © 2015, University of Stellenbosch. All rights reserved.	Balance; Biomechanics; Co-ordination; Golf; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84959542660	Drive performance for able-bodied and disabled golfers	Kenny I.C., Campbell M.J., Surmon S., Bressan L.	2015	International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching	10	4	None	Biomechanics Research Unit, University of Limerick, Ireland; Centre for Human Performance Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Kenny, I.C., Biomechanics Research Unit, University of Limerick, Ireland; Campbell, M.J., Biomechanics Research Unit, University of Limerick, Ireland; Surmon, S., Centre for Human Performance Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Bressan, L., Centre for Human Performance Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Golf is a popular leisure and competitive activity for individuals with disabilities. The current golf handicap system does not take into account the possible challenges of playing golf with any form of physical disability. The aim of this study was to examine golf driving performance measures, comparing golfers with various types of physical disabilities to able-bodied golfers. Through drive shot ball launch analysis, this study compared amputees (single leg, below and above knee), deaf, visually impaired, polio, Les Autres and arthrogryposis golfers to able-bodied golfers with similar golf handicaps. Twenty-seven able-bodied (handicap category 3, 12.4 ± 7.0) and 15 disabled (handicap category 3, 18.2 ± 9.2) hit 10 drives each. Able-bodied golfers presented longer but less accurate drives (208.1 m carry, 4.6 m lateral deviation), and concomitant higher club head and ball velocity than disabled golfers (157.6 m carry, 6.O m lateral deviation) [p<O.OO1]. The apparent difference in outcome performance cannot be fully accounted for by the small difference in golf handicap score, thus disabled golfers appear to be penalised/disadvantaged by the current golf handicap classification rules.	Amputee; Arthrogryposis; Deaf; Disabled golf; Golf shot performance analysis; Lés Autres; Post-polio syndrome	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893667565	Evaluation of the in vitro interaction of amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole antibiotics against resistant bacterial strains	Olajuyigbe O.O., Oyedeji O., Adedayo O.	2014	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	4	1	10.7324/JAPS.2014.40116	Biosciences and Biotechnology Department, Babcock University, Ilisan Remo, Nigeria; Phytomedicine Research Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa	Olajuyigbe, O.O., Biosciences and Biotechnology Department, Babcock University, Ilisan Remo, Nigeria, Phytomedicine Research Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Oyedeji, O., Biosciences and Biotechnology Department, Babcock University, Ilisan Remo, Nigeria; Adedayo, O., Biosciences and Biotechnology Department, Babcock University, Ilisan Remo, Nigeria	The in vitro combination effects of amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole on clinical isolates was investigated using the agar diffusion and macrobroth dilution methods. The results showed that these organisms had varied susceptibility to the different concentrations of each of these antibiotics and their combinations. The susceptibility of the isolates to the antibacterial combinations showed that they were susceptible in the following order: Streptococcus pyogenes (TD2) > Streptococcus pyogenes (TD10) > Streptococcus pneumoniae (TE10) > Salmonella typhi (TC6) > Salmonella typhi (TC2). The macrobroth assay showed a drastic reduction in the minimum inhibitory concentrations of both antibiotics. While the MIC of amoxicillin ranged between 0.1202 and 0.4808 μg/ml and that of cotrimoxazole ranged between 0.2405 and 0.9619 μg/ml, the MIC of the antibacterial combinations ranged between 0.00305 and 0.0150 μg/ml. A statistical analysis of the zones of inhibitions produced by the antibiotics and their combinations indicated that the mean differences between the zones of inhibitions were significantly diverse. This study showed that there was synergistic interaction between amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole in vitro and could be an alternative choice of therapy for the treatment of streptococcal and gastrointestinal infections in which these organisms have been implicated. © 2014 Olufunmiso Olusola Olajuyigbe et al.	Antibacterial combinations; Antibiotics; Bacteria; Drug-drug interaction; Synergy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77952744220	Post-privatization performance and organizational changes: Case studies from Ghana	Tsamenyi M., Onumah J., Tetteh-Kumah E.	2010	Critical Perspectives on Accounting	21	5	10.1016/j.cpa.2008.01.002	Birmingham Business School, University of Birmingham, University House, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom; University of Ghana Business School, Ghana; Barclays Bank, Ghana	Tsamenyi, M., Birmingham Business School, University of Birmingham, University House, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom; Onumah, J., University of Ghana Business School, Ghana; Tetteh-Kumah, E., Barclays Bank, Ghana	A significant number of less developed countries (LDCs), including Ghana, have embraced the World Bank/IMF led economic reforms. Ghana has been implementing these reforms since the early 1980. One of the conditions of the reforms is the privatization of former state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Such privatization activities have however generated debates among academics, practitioners, and policy makers. Research findings so far have been mixed. This paper analyzes the performance of two large privatized companies in Ghana. Both companies have been paraded by the Ghanaian authorities and the international financial community as success stories of privatization. Our objective is to examine how and why these firms have been claimed to be successful. Drawing on the dimensions of the balanced scorecard, we examine the performance of the firms from five main perspectives-financial, customers, internal business process, learning and growth, and the community. The analysis is based on data gathered from diverse sources, namely, semi-structured interviews and discussions with managers of the selected companies and with personnel from key government departments, and analysis of internal and external documents. We conclude that, overall the performance of both organizations improved after privatization under all the performance dimensions examined. These improvements were also accompanied by certain organizational changes, including changes in the accounting and control systems. However we are not claiming that all privatization programs in Ghana have been successful. In fact there are stories in the Ghanaian media of several other privatization failures in the country. Instead what we have demonstrated is the need to explain the performance of privatized firms beyond the myopic macro-level and financial analysis which has been widely adopted by the international financial community and policy makers and we encourage other researchers to adopt such multidimensional approaches. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd.	Balanced scorecard; Ghana; Less developed countries; Performance evaluation; Privatization	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77949502966	Response of axially stacked square tubes to axial impact loads	Ronchietto F., Chung Kim Yuen S., Nurick G.N.	2009	Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures	6	4	None	Blast Impact and Survivability Research Unit (BISRU), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Private Bag, 7701, South Africa	Ronchietto, F., Blast Impact and Survivability Research Unit (BISRU), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Private Bag, 7701, South Africa; Chung Kim Yuen, S., Blast Impact and Survivability Research Unit (BISRU), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Private Bag, 7701, South Africa; Nurick, G.N., Blast Impact and Survivability Research Unit (BISRU), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Private Bag, 7701, South Africa	The crushing and energy absorption characteristics of thinwalled specimens consisting of single and axially stacked mild steel square tubes are investigated by the performance of quasi-static and dynamic axial crushing tests. Two tubes are axially stacked either by means of weld or a plate. Welded specimens comprise of two tubes of equal length axially stacked on each other and seam welded around all four sides. Plate divided specimens consist of two tubes of equal length axially stacked with a rigid mild steel plate in between them. The rigid plate has a thickness of 10mm and acts as an elastic medium for energy to be transferred from the top tube to the bottom tube during axial loading. All tubes have square cross-sections of 50mm×50mm and nominal wall thicknesses of 1.6mm. The lengths of the tubes range from 250mm to 1700mm encompassing the three main modes of buckling; namely progressive, Euler and the transition mode. The global slenderness or length-to-width ratio (L/C) is investigated with regards to buckling modes. Welded tubes behave very similarly to single tubes. Plate-divided specimens exhibit two high peak loads with a slightly increased mean crush load compared to single and welded tubes.	Axial impact loading; Axially stacked; Buckling transition; Energy absorber; Global bending; Progressive buckling; Tube crushing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908032494	Evaluation of the Effects of Reduced Personal and Corporate Tax Rates on the Growth Rates of the U.S. Economy	Zellner A., Ngoie J.K.	2015	Econometric Reviews	34	None	10.1080/07474938.2014.944468	Booth School of Business, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Economics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Zellner, A., Booth School of Business, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Ngoie, J.K., Department of Economics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Using several variants of a Marshallian Macroeconomic Model (MMM), see Zellner and Israilevich (2005) and Ngoie and Zellner (2010), this paper investigates how various tax rate reductions may help stimulate the U.S. economy while not adversely affecting aggregate U.S. debt. Variants of our MMM that are shown to fit past data and to perform well in forecasting experiments are employed to evaluate the effects of alternative tax policies. Using quarterly data, our one-sector MMM has been able to predict the 2008 downturn and the 2009Q3 upturn of the U.S. economy. Among other results, this study, using transfer and impulse response functions associated with our MMM, finds that permanent 5 percentage points cut in the personal income and corporate profits tax rates will cause the U.S. real gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate to rise by 3.0 percentage points with a standard error of 0.6 percentage points. Also, while this policy change leads to positive growth of the government sector, its share of total real GDP is slightly reduced. This is understandable since short run effects of tax cuts include the transfer of tax revenue from the government to the private sector. The private sector is allowed to manage a larger portion of its revenue, while government is forced to cut public spending on social programs with little growth enhancing effects. This broadens private economic activities overall. Further, these tax rate policy changes stimulate the growth of the federal tax base considerably, which helps to reduce annual budget deficits and the federal debt. © 2015, Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.	Disaggregation; Impulse response functions; Marshallian macroeconomic model; Transfer functions; U.S. fiscal policy analysis	None	NSF, National Science Foundation
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900016364	Influence of soil fertility amendment practices on ex-situ utilisation of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and performance of maize and common bean in Kenyan Highlands	Nyaga J., Jefwa J.M., Muthuri C.W., Okoth S.A., Matiru V.N., Wachira P.	2014	Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems	17	1	None	Botany Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), P.O Box 62000-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility-CIAT, P.O Box 30777, Nairobi, Kenya; School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197-001000 Nairobi, Kenya	Nyaga, J., Botany Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), P.O Box 62000-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Jefwa, J.M., Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility-CIAT, P.O Box 30777, Nairobi, Kenya; Muthuri, C.W., Botany Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), P.O Box 62000-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Okoth, S.A., School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197-001000 Nairobi, Kenya; Matiru, V.N., Botany Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), P.O Box 62000-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Wachira, P., School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197-001000 Nairobi, Kenya	Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are important in agriculture and have received attention as they are considered a part of an active and diverse soil biological community essential for increasing the sustainability of agricultural systems. However, most of agricultural practices have a negative impact on AMF association and agricultural soils are AMF impoverished. Interventions to replenish AMF include re-introduction through inoculation or manipulation of existing AMF to increase density. A major problem with inoculation is that there is possible competition with native (indigenous) AMF species. Indigenous AMF will be more adapted to the soil environment than introduced strains but with conflicting results on the effects of AMF inoculation on crop yield, more field studies for different ecological areas are required. The objective of the study was to compare the effect of inoculating crops with indigenous AMF applied applied singly or combined with other Soil Fertility Amendment Practices (SFAP) on root colonisation and subsequent performance of maize (Zea mays L.) and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Analysis was also done on the best soil amendment practice that encourages crop colonisation by AMF. This was tested under field experiment and compared with control treatment (no soil amendment practice) and three other soil fertility amendment practices used singly or in combination with AMF; (1) MAVUNO (macro- and micronutrients and secondary nutrients) fertilizer, and (2) Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) and Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) (3) cattle manure. Maize and bean performances were determined and compared between the treatments for a period of two consecutive seasons with the experiment replicated in two benchmark sites of Embu district (highlands of central Kenya) and Taita-Taveta district (coastal highlands). Soils at Embu have high soil pH than at Taita which results in low phosphorus levels and possible micronutrients deficiencies. Even though no significant differences were observed from root colonisation by AMF with application of SFAP, significant differences were observed at the crop yield. Bean crop was more responsive to AMF inoculation than maize in terms of yield. Combination of AMF inoculant with other organic and inorganic fertilizers resulted in higher crop yield compared to AMF applied singly. Thus, utilisation of indigenous AMF species has potential to constitute an environmentally friendly method of soil fertility amendment over time to improve maize and bean production potential of small-scale holders but consideration should be done on the local soil nutrients conditions, other soil fertility amendment practices in use and the targeted crop.	Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi; Colonisation intensity; Crop yield; Indigenous species; Inoculation; Soil fertility amendment practices	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-81855176565	Exploring the impact of national system of innovation on the outcomes of foreign direct investment	Baskaran A., Muchie M., Muchie M.	2009	International Journal of Technological Learning, Innovation and Development	2	4	10.1504/IJTLID.2009.02682	Business School, Middlesex University, London NW4 4BT, United Kingdom; Institute for Economic Research on Innovation, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; DIIPER, Aalborg University, Denmark	Baskaran, A., Business School, Middlesex University, London NW4 4BT, United Kingdom; Muchie, M., Institute for Economic Research on Innovation, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Muchie, M., DIIPER, Aalborg University, Denmark	This paper attempts to explore the possible relationship between the characteristics of a National System of Innovation (NSI) and their impact on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) outcomes, particularly in developing countries. We employ a heuristic NSI-FDI conceptual framework linking the robustness of NSI to the benefits or lack of it from FDI. We create a taxonomy of NSIs as well-functioning/strong, relatively well-functioning and weak and try to empirically find out how each NSI type is related to the corresponding FDI outcomes. We examine whether a strong NSI can bring a high-end benefit from FDI, whether those with a weak NSI are at the low end of the FDI potential benefit spectrum, and whether a relatively well-functioning NSI is linked to medium or average FDI outcomes. We used descriptive data from selected developing economies - China, India, South Africa, Ghana, Ethiopia, Tanzania and Zambia - and applied this conceptual framework. Despite some data limitations, our case studies show that the characteristics and robustness (or lack of robustness) of NSI can impact on how FDI flows to a country and the kinds of outcomes it will produce, other things being equal. Therefore, how countries build their NSI matters significantly to national policy making. © 2009 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	China; Ethiopia; FDI; foreign direct investment; Ghana; India; national innovation system; South Africa; Tanzania; technology spillovers; Zambia	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880424853	Exploring Teachers' Assessment Practices of Performance Tasks in Agriculture and Factors Influencing Their Choice	Masole T.M., Howie S.	2013	Journal of Agricultural and Food Information	14	3	10.1080/10496505.2013.803347	Botswana Examinations Council, Private Bag 0070, Gaborone, Botswana; Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Masole, T.M., Botswana Examinations Council, Private Bag 0070, Gaborone, Botswana; Howie, S., Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	The aim of the study was to explore processes employed in performance assessment in agriculture in Botswana schools. The study employed an exploratory survey design, in which 13 schools were purposively sampled from two regions. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire and some were interviewed. Descriptive statistics (frequency counts, percentages, and means) were initially computed before inferential analysis (factor analysis, t-test, and ANOVA) was carried out. Qualitative data was analyzed through thick description. It was found that teachers' performance assessment was the same in the two regions, characterized by holistic assessment of the product. The emphasis on product assessment was largely due to insufficient training, large class sizes, high workloads, and insufficient time. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	agriculture; assessment; Botswana; performance assessment; process assessment; product assessment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84925492982	The International Multidisciplinary Consensus Conference on Multimodality Monitoring in Neurocritical Care: Evidentiary Tables: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals from the Neurocritical Care Society and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicin	Le Roux P., Menon D.K., Citerio G., Vespa P., Bader M.K., Brophy G., Diringer M.N., Stocchetti N., Videtta W., Armonda R., Badjatia N., Bösel J., Chesnut R., Chou S., Claassen J., Czosnyka M., De Georgia M., Figaji A., Fugate J., Helbok R., Horowitz D., H	2014	Neurocritical Care	21	2	10.1007/s12028-014-0081-x	Brain and Spine Center, Suite 370, Medical Science Building, Lankenau Medical Center, 100 East Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA, United States; Neurosciences Critical Care Unit, Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Box 93, Cambridge, United Kingdom; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States; NeuroIntensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Ospedale San Gerardo, Via Pergolesi 33, Monza, Italy; Neuro/Critical Care CNS, Mission Hospital, Mission Viejo, CA, United States; Virginia Commonwealth University, Medical College of Virginia Campus, 410 N. 12th Street, Richmond, VA, United States; Neurocritical Care Section, Washington University, Department of Neurology, Campus Box 8111, 660 S Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO, United States; Department of Physiopathology and Transplant, Milan University, Neuro ICU, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F Sforza, 35, Milan, Italy; ICU Neurocritical Care, Hospital Nacional ‘Prof. a. Posadas’, El Palomar, Pcia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurosurgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Medstar Health, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC, United States; Department of Neurology, University of Maryland Medical Center, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Neurology, Ruprect-Karls University, Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, Heidelberg, Germany; Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Mailstop 359766, 325 Ninth Ave, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, United States; Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, Milstein 8 Center Room 300, New York, NY, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Box 167, Cambridge, United Kingdom; University Hospital Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, United States; University of Cape Town, 617 Institute for Child Health, Red Cross Children’s Hospital, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Neurology, Neurocritical Care Unit, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstr.35, Innsbruck, Austria; University of Pennsylvania Health System, 3701 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Box 167 Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3 West Gates, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Nursing Research, The MetroHealth System, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH, United States; Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases and Neurocritical Care, The Ohio State University, 395W. 12th Ave, 7th Floor, Columbus, OH, United States; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg, SOM 710, N Lake Shore Drive, 11th Floor, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Biology and Medicine University of Lausanne, CHUV University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; University of Texas Southwestern, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, United States; Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, JMH, 1611 NW 12th Ave, Suite 405, Miami, FL, United States; Cerebrovascular Center and Neuroinflammation Research Center, Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, NC30, Cleveland, OH, United States; Intensive Care Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Critical Care Medicine, Maine Medical Center, 22 Bramhall Street, Portland, ME, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, Ben Taub Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, 1504 Taub Loop, Houston, TX, United States; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Milstein Hospital 8 Garden South, Suite 331, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY, United States; Department of Intensive Care, Laboratoire de Recherche Experimentale, Erasme Hospital, Route de Lennik, 808, Brussels, Belgium	Le Roux, P., Brain and Spine Center, Suite 370, Medical Science Building, Lankenau Medical Center, 100 East Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA, United States; Menon, D.K., Neurosciences Critical Care Unit, Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Box 93, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Citerio, G., NeuroIntensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Ospedale San Gerardo, Via Pergolesi 33, Monza, Italy; Vespa, P., David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Bader, M.K., Neuro/Critical Care CNS, Mission Hospital, Mission Viejo, CA, United States; Brophy, G., Virginia Commonwealth University, Medical College of Virginia Campus, 410 N. 12th Street, Richmond, VA, United States; Diringer, M.N., Neurocritical Care Section, Washington University, Department of Neurology, Campus Box 8111, 660 S Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO, United States; Stocchetti, N., Department of Physiopathology and Transplant, Milan University, Neuro ICU, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F Sforza, 35, Milan, Italy; Videtta, W., ICU Neurocritical Care, Hospital Nacional ‘Prof. a. Posadas’, El Palomar, Pcia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Armonda, R., Department of Neurosurgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Medstar Health, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC, United States; Badjatia, N., Department of Neurology, University of Maryland Medical Center, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD, United States; Bösel, J., Department of Neurology, Ruprect-Karls University, Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, Heidelberg, Germany; Chesnut, R., Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Mailstop 359766, 325 Ninth Ave, Seattle, WA, United States; Chou, S., Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, United States; Claassen, J., Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, Milstein 8 Center Room 300, New York, NY, United States; Czosnyka, M., Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Box 167, Cambridge, United Kingdom; De Georgia, M., University Hospital Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, United States; Figaji, A., University of Cape Town, 617 Institute for Child Health, Red Cross Children’s Hospital, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa; Fugate, J., Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, United States; Helbok, R., Department of Neurology, Neurocritical Care Unit, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstr.35, Innsbruck, Austria; Horowitz, D., University of Pennsylvania Health System, 3701 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Hutchinson, P., Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Box 167 Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Kumar, M., Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3 West Gates, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, United States; McNett, M., Nursing Research, The MetroHealth System, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH, United States; Miller, C., Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases and Neurocritical Care, The Ohio State University, 395W. 12th Ave, 7th Floor, Columbus, OH, United States; Naidech, A., Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg, SOM 710, N Lake Shore Drive, 11th Floor, Chicago, IL, United States; Oddo, M., Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Biology and Medicine University of Lausanne, CHUV University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; Olson, D.W., University of Texas Southwestern, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, United States; O’Phelan, K., Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, JMH, 1611 NW 12th Ave, Suite 405, Miami, FL, United States; Javier Provencio, J., Cerebrovascular Center and Neuroinflammation Research Center, Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, NC30, Cleveland, OH, United States; Puppo, C., Intensive Care Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Riker, R., Critical Care Medicine, Maine Medical Center, 22 Bramhall Street, Portland, ME, United States; Roberson, C., Department of Neurosurgery, Ben Taub Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, 1504 Taub Loop, Houston, TX, United States; Schmidt, M., Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Milstein Hospital 8 Garden South, Suite 331, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY, United States; Taccone, F., Department of Intensive Care, Laboratoire de Recherche Experimentale, Erasme Hospital, Route de Lennik, 808, Brussels, Belgium	A variety of technologies have been developed to assist decision-making during the management of patients with acute brain injury who require intensive care. A large body of research has been generated describing these various technologies. The Neurocritical Care Society (NCS) in collaboration with the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM), the Society for Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), and the Latin America Brain Injury Consortium (LABIC) organized an international, multidisciplinary consensus conference to perform a systematic review of the published literature to help develop evidence-based practice recommendations on bedside physiologic monitoring. This supplement contains a Consensus Summary Statement with recommendations and individual topic reviews on physiologic processes important in the care of acute brain injury. In this article we provide the evidentiary tables for select topics including systemic hemodynamics, intracranial pressure, brain and systemic oxygenation, EEG, brain metabolism, biomarkers, processes of care and monitoring in emerging economies to provide the clinician ready access to evidence that supports recommendations about neuromonitoring. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York.	Bio-informatics; Biomarkers; Brain metabolism; Brain oxygen; Brain physiology; Clinical guidelines; Clinical trials; Consensus development conference; Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE); Intracranial pressure; Microdi	None	None
WoS	WOS:000306670300012	The adult population impact of HIV care and antiretroviral therapy in a resource poor setting, 2003-2008	Ackers, Marta,Adamu-Zeh, Mirabelle,Broz, Dita,Gargano, Julia W.,Laserson, Kayla,Marston, Barbara,Muttai, Hellen,Nyabiage, Lennah,Odhiambo, Frank,Orimba, Vincent,Owuor, Karen,Sewe, Maquins,Williamson, John	2012	AIDS	26	12	10.1097/QAD.0b013e328353b7b9	CDC Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Minist Hlth	None	Objective: To describe the population uptake of HIV care including antiretroviral therapy (ART) and its impact on adult mortality in a rural area of western Kenya with high HIV prevalence during a period of rapid HIV services scale-up. Design: Adult medical chart data were abstracted at health facilities providing HIV care/ART to residents of a Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) and linked with HDSS demographic and mortality data. Methods: We evaluated secular trends in patient characteristics across enrollment years and estimated proportions of HIV-positive adult residents receiving care. We evaluated adult (18-64 years) population mortality trends using verbal autopsy findings. Results: From 2003 to 2008, 5421 HDSS-resident adults enrolled in HIV care; 61.4% (n = 3331) were linked to HDSS follow-up data. As the number of facilities expanded from 1 (2003) to 17 (2008), receipt of HIV services by HIV-positive residents increased from less than 1 to 29.5%, and ART coverage reached 64.0% of adults with CD4 cell count less than 250 cells/mu l. The proportion of patients with WHO stage 4 at enrollment decreased from 20.4 to 1.9%, and CD4 cell count testing at enrollment increased from 1.0 to 53.4%. Population-level mortality rates for adults declined 34% for all causes, 26% for AIDS/tuberculosis, and 47% for other infectious diseases; noninfectious disease mortality rates remained constant. Conclusion: The initial years of rapid HIV service expansion coincided with a drop in adult mortality by a third. Continued expansion of population access to HIV clinical services, including ART, and program quality improvements will be necessary to achieve further progress in reducing HIV-related morbidity and mortality. (C) 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins	AIDS/HIV,"ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",MORTALITY,"POPULATION SURVEILLANCE","COTRIMOXAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS",HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS,INFECTIOUS-DISEASES,MORTALITY,"PROSPECTIVE COHORT","RURAL WESTERN KENYA",SOUTH-AFRICA,TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE,UGANDA,"VERB	None	None
WoS	WOS:000262517900008	The impact of distance of residence from a peripheral health facility on pediatric health utilisation in rural western Kenya	Adazu, Kubaje,Audi, Allan,Feikin, Daniel R.,Lindblade, Kim A.,Nguyen, Ly Minh,Ombok, Maurice,Slutsker, Laurence	2009	TROPICAL MEDICINE &amp; INTERNATIONAL HEALTH	14	1	10.1111/j.1365-3156.2008.02193.x	CDC, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr	None	To explore the impact of distance on utilisation of peripheral health facilities for sick child visits in Asembo, rural western Kenya. As part of a demographic surveillance system (DSS), censuses of all households in the Asembo population of 55 000 are conducted three times a year, data are collected at all outpatient pediatric visits in seven DSS clinics in Asembo, and all households are GIS-mapped and linkable to a child's unique DSS identification number. Between May 1, 2003 and April 30, 2004, 3501 clinic visits were linked to 2432 children among 10 973 DSS-resident children &lt; 5 years of age. Younger children and children with more severe illnesses travelled further for clinic visits. The median distance travelled varied by clinic. The rate of clinic visits decreased linearly at 0.5 km intervals up to 4 km, after which the rate stabilised. Using Poisson regression, controlling for the nearest DSS clinic for each child, socio-economic status and maternal education, and accounting for household clustering of children, for every 1 km increase in distance of residence from a DSS clinic, the rate of clinic visits decreased by 34% (95% CI, 31-37%) from the previous kilometer. Achieving equity in access to health care for children in rural Kenya will require creative strategies to address a significant distance-decay effect in health care utilisation.	"access to care",DISTANCE,"health care utilisation",KENYA,ATTENDANCE,CHILDREN,DISTRICT,FEVERS,MALARIA,MORTALITY,SERVICES	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940192013	Impact of globalisation on higher education curriculum restructuring in India : Comparing the trends in Kerala and Tamil Nadu	David S.A., Wildemeersch D.	2014	Indian Journal of Social Work	75	4	None	British University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; University of Johannesberg, South Africa; Kathoiieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium	David, S.A., British University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, University of Johannesberg, South Africa; Wildemeersch, D., Kathoiieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium	This study focuses on the implications of globalisation on higher education curriculum restructuring. Recent industrial developments in India, particularly the massive growth of Information and Communication Technology, and the job market has a strong influence on curriculum restructuring. A comparative analysis on the trends in Kerala and Tamil Nadu reveal that the curriculum in Tamil Nadu has been restructured much in line with the above arguments, while the developments in Kerala seem to be cautious even though similar approaches are evident. The six selected higher educational institutions deal with higher education curriculum restructuring differently, given the nature of governance, strategies and priorities of these Universities.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000281862300002	The correlates of HIV testing and impacts on sexual behavior: evidence from a life history study of young people in Kisumu, Kenya	Izugbara, Chimaraoke O.,Kabiru, Caroline W.,Luke, Nancy,Zulu, Eliya M.	2010	BMC PUBLIC HEALTH	10	None	10.1186/1471-2458-10-412	Brown University, African Inst Dev Policy AFIDEP, African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr	"Luke, Nancy: Brown University",	Background: HIV counseling and testing is considered an important component of HIV prevention and treatment. This paper examines the characteristics of young males and females at the time of first reported HIV test, including the influence of recent sexual partnerships, and investigates how HIV testing and the cumulative number of tests are associated with sexual behaviors within six months of testing. Methods: The study uses data from a random sample of youth aged 18-24 years living in Kisumu, Kenya, who were interviewed using a 10-year retrospective life history calendar. Cox regression models were used to examine the correlates of the timing of first HIV test. Variance-correction models for unordered repeated events were employed to examine whether having an HIV test in the previous six months and the cumulative number of tests predict unsafe sexual practices in a given month. Results: Sixty-four percent of females and 55% of males reported at least one HIV test in the last 10 years and 40% of females were pregnant the month of first test. Significant correlates of first HIV test included marital aspirations among non-pregnant females, unprotected sex in the previous six months among pregnant females, and concurrency in the previous six months among males. Having a recent HIV test was associated with a decreased likelihood of unprotected sex among ever-pregnant females, an increased likelihood of unprotected sex and "risky" sexual partnerships among never-pregnant females, and an increased likelihood of concurrency among males. Repeated HIV testing was associated with a lower likelihood of concurrency among males and involvement in "risky" sexual partnerships among males and never-pregnant females. Conclusions: The high rate of pregnancy at first test suggests that promotion of HIV testing as part of prevention of mother-to-child transmission is gaining success. Further research is warranted to examine how and why behavior change is influenced by client-versus provider-initiated testing. The influence of different sexual partnership variables for males and females suggests that interventions to assess risk and promote testing should be gender-and relationship-specific. The findings also suggest that encouraging repeat or routine testing could potentially increase the uptake of safer sexual behaviors.	,ADOLESCENTS,BOTSWANA,CALENDAR,CLIENTS,"CONDOM USE",FERTILITY,HIGH-RISK,POPULATION,PREVALENCE,SERVICES	None	None
WoS	WOS:000332851300011	Impact of Domestic Care Environment on Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Orphans in Western Kenya	Atwoli, Lukoye,Ayaya, Samuel,Ayuku, David,Braitstein, Paula,Hogan, Joseph,Koech, Julius,Vreeman, Rachel Christine	2014	PLOS ONE	9	3	10.1371/journal.pone.0089937	Brown University, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University System, Moi University, Regenstrief Institute Inc, United States Agency for International Development (USAID), University of Toronto, USAID Acad Model Providing Access Healthcare AMPA	"Atwoli, Lukoye: Moi University","Ayaya, Samuel: Moi University","Ayuku, David: Moi University","Koech, Julius: United States Agency for International Development (USAID)",	Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the domestic care environment on the prevalence of potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among orphaned and separated children in Uasin Gishu County, western Kenya. Methods: A total of 1565 (55.5% male) orphaned and separated adolescents aged 10-18 years (mean 13.8 years, sd 2.2), were assessed for PTSD and PTEs including bullying, physical abuse and sexual abuse. In this sample, 746 lived in extended family households, 746 in Charitable Children's Institutions (CCIs), and 73 on the street. Posttraumatic stress symptom (PTSS) scores and PTSD were assessed using the Child PTSD Checklist. Results: Bullying was the commonest PTE in all domestic care environments, followed by physical and sexual abuse. All PTEs were commonest among the street youth followed by CCIs. However, sexual abuse was more prevalent in households than in CCIs. Prevalence of PTSD was highest among street youth (28.8%), then households (15.0%) and CCIs (11.5%). PTSS scores were also highest among street youth, followed by CCIs and households. Bullying was associated with higher PTSS scores and PTSD odds than either sexual or physical abuse. Conclusion: This study demonstrated differences in distribution of trauma and PTSD among orphaned and separated children in different domestic care environments, with street youth suffering more than those in CCIs or households. Interventions are needed to address bullying and sexual abuse, especially in extended family households. Street youth, a heretofore neglected population, are urgently in need of dedicated mental health services and support.	,ADOLESCENTS,AGGRESSION,CHILDREN,FOSTER,HEALTH,HOMELESS,SOUTH-AFRICA,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA",VICTIMIZATION,VIOLENCE	None	None
WoS	WOS:000296921600001	Impact of Integrated Family Planning and HIV Care Services on Contraceptive Use and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study	Carter, E. Jane,Kiarie, James,Kosgei, Rose J.,Lubano, Kizito M.,Mabeya, Hillary,Musick, Beverly S.,Mwangi, Ann,Shen, Changyu,Siika, Abraham M.,Wools-Kaloustian, Kara K.	2011	JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES	58	5	10.1097/QAI.0b013e318237ca80	Brown University, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University System, Moi University, United States Agency for International Development (USAID), University of Nairobi, KEMRI, USAID AMPATH Partnership	"Kiarie, James: University of Nairobi","Kosgei, Rose J.: United States Agency for International Development (USAID)","Shen, Changyu: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis","Shen, Changyu: Indiana University System",	Objective: To determine the impact of routine care (RC) and integrated family planning (IFP) and HIV care service on family planning (FP) uptake and pregnancy outcomes. Design: Retrospective cohort study conducted between October 10, 2005, and February 28, 2009. Setting: United States Agency for International Development-Academic Model Providing Access To Healthcare (USAID-AMPATH) in western Kenya. Subjects: Records of adult HIV-infected women. Intervention: Integration of FP into one of the care teams. Primary Outcomes Measures: Incidence of FP methods and pregnancy. Results: Four thousand thirty-one women (1453 IFP; 2578 RC) were eligible. Among the IFP group, there was a 16.7% increase (P, 0.001) [95% confidence interval (CI): 13.2% to 20.2%] in incidence of condom use, 12.9% increase (P, 0.001) (95% CI: 9.4% to 16.4%) in incidence of FP use including condoms, 3.8% reduction (P &lt; 0.001) (95% CI: 1.9% to 5.6%) in incidence of FP use excluding condoms, and 0.1% increase (P = 0.9) (95% CI: -1.9% to 2.1%) in incidence of pregnancies. The attributable risk of the incidence rate per 100 person-years of IFP and RC for new condom use was 16.4 (95% CI: 11.9 to 21.0), new FP use including condoms was 13.5 (95% CI: 8.7 to 18.3), new FP use excluding condoms was -3.0 (95% CI: -4.6 to -1.4) and new cases of pregnancies was 1.2 (95% CI: -0.6 to 3.0). Conclusions: Integrating FP services into HIV care significantly increased the use of modern FP methods but no impact on pregnancy incidence. HIV programs need to consider integrating FP into their program structure.	"HIV care","integrating family planning services","RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY","USAID-AMPATH partnership","ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",EXPERIENCE,FERTILITY,INFECTION,KENYA,SURVIVAL,TRANSMISSION,UGANDA,WOMEN	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84886018169	Performance of different potato genotypes under aeroponics system	Chiipanthenga M., Maliro M., Demo P., Njoloma J., Khumar N.	2013	Journal of Applied Horticulture	15	2	None	Bunda College of Agriculture, University of Malawi, Njuli-Estate, Malawi; Kasinthula Research Station, Department of Agricultural Research Services, Njuli-Estate, Malawi; International Potato Center (CIP), Njuli-Estate, Malawi; Universal Farming and Milling Ltd., Njuli-Estate, Malawi; World Agroforestry Centre, ICRAF Southern Africa, Kenya	Chiipanthenga, M., Bunda College of Agriculture, University of Malawi, Njuli-Estate, Malawi, Kasinthula Research Station, Department of Agricultural Research Services, Njuli-Estate, Malawi; Maliro, M., Bunda College of Agriculture, University of Malawi, Njuli-Estate, Malawi; Demo, P., International Potato Center (CIP), Njuli-Estate, Malawi; Njoloma, J., Bunda College of Agriculture, University of Malawi, Njuli-Estate, Malawi, World Agroforestry Centre, ICRAF Southern Africa, Kenya; Khumar, N., Universal Farming and Milling Ltd., Njuli-Estate, Malawi	Potato yields in developing countries are below potential yield because potato production is mainly constrained by lack of quality seed. Lack of potato seed systems to provide farmers with quality clean and certified potato seed has led majority of farmers save their own seed. Such potato seed is characterized by systemic viral and bacterial diseases that are transmitted from generation to generation and this leads to low crop yields. The study was aimed at exploring the use of tissue culture and aeroponics techniques in the production of quality potato seed. Potato plantlets were produced in the tissue culture laboratory at Bvumbwe Research Station, 15° 41′ 0″ South, 35° 8′ 0″ East in Thyolo district of Malawi and then transferred to an aeroponics facility at Njuli Estate, 15° 41′ 0″ South, 35° 8′ 0″ East in Chiradzulu district of Malawi. The four potato genotypes did not differ on plant growth performance, but responded differently to aeroponics system in terms of mini tuber yield and stolon numbers. Genotypes CIP381381.20 and CIP381381.13 showed superiority among the other tested genotypes in terms of tuber number per plant. Genotype CIP381381.20 produced significantly higher number of stolons than the rest. In this study, on an average 30 tubers were produced per plant under aeroponics system which is six times more than the conventional (use of soil-based substrate) seed potato production system under screen house conditions (5 tubers per plant) under Malawian conditions.	Aeroponics; Potato; Potato genotypes; Potato seed; Solanum tuberosum; Tissue culture	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867363043	What's in a name? The effect of a brand name on consumers' evaluation of fresh milk	Joubert J.P., Poalses J.	2012	International Journal of Consumer Studies	36	4	10.1111/j.1470-6431.2011.01065.x	Bureau of Market Research, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa	Joubert, J.P., Bureau of Market Research, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa; Poalses, J., Bureau of Market Research, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa	It is commonly accepted that packaged fresh milk available from reputable retail outlets taste the same and that when consumers choose between relatively similar products, such as milk, the purchasing decision tends to become simplified by considering product images and relying on brand names with clear and positive associations. One may thus ask whether the brand name of milk can influence consumers' evaluation of the actual sensory taste delivery. A quasi-experimental milk tasting was conducted to investigate this question. The procedure involved 312 participants who assessed milk from various milk brands that were decanted from either branded or unbranded packaging. The findings confirmed that the subjective associations bestowed on a brand name do indeed influence the way in which consumers experience the taste delivery of a milk product. This poses a challenge to milk brand manufacturers to identify alternative ways in which they could differentiate milk product offerings from competitor brands in order to retain or establish positive brand associations and ultimately ensure consumer loyalty. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.	Brand association; Brand name; Consumer liking; Fresh milk; Quasi-experimental design	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-60849092886	The impact of shopping mall development on small township retailers	Ligthelm A.A.	2008	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	11	1	None	Bureau of Market Research, University of South Africa, South Africa	Ligthelm, A.A., Bureau of Market Research, University of South Africa, South Africa	The retail sector forms a critical element of a community's economic and social welfare. It provides people with choices and services. These choices were until recently very limited in township areas. The pre-1994 retail landscape was dominated by small, often informal businesses offering basic household necessities to relatively low income earners. This has resulted in township residents' preference to shop outside townships, known as 'outshopping'. Rapid income growth of township residents since 1994 resulted in a substantial increase in consumer expenditure in these areas, known as 'in-bound shopping'. This lucrative emerging market forms the last retail frontier in South Africa and is being explored by national retailers, especially supermarket chains. This article is aimed at establishing the impact of shopping mall development in townships on the traditional small township retailers including spaza/tuck shops. The net balance sheet on the impact of shopping mall development on small township retailers clearly suggests a decline in the township retailers' market share. A change in small business model towards, inter alia, effective customer service with a small dedicated assortment of merchandise, satisfaction of emergency needs, selling in small units and extension of credit facilities may result in the survival of some small township retailers (albeit often at a smaller turnover).	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-53649110745	Classroom goal structure and students' cognitive performance	Nwokocha P.I., Akpomi M.E., Nnadi M.A.	2008	European Journal of Scientific Research	19	4	None	Business Education Department, Faculty of Technical and Science Education, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria	Nwokocha, P.I., Business Education Department, Faculty of Technical and Science Education, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Akpomi, M.E., Business Education Department, Faculty of Technical and Science Education, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Nnadi, M.A., Business Education Department, Faculty of Technical and Science Education, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria	Over the past 25 years, achievement goal theory has emerged as one of the most prominent theories of achievement motivation. This study uses an achievement goal framework to examine the influence of classroom goal structure on students' academic performance and attitude toward mathematics. Three hundred and fifty (350) students in four, non-residential co-educational secondary schools were randomly assigned to experimental and control structures. Students in each structure were exposed to the learning strategies of the structure they were in. The control group had no instructions; it was simply the convention class. Data on the relevant variables were obtained from the mean scores of each structure on the two tests. Using ANOVA for the analysis, the results revealed that students in the co-operative goal structure were significantly different from the students in the competitive, individualistic and control settings in the mathematics achievement test. There was, however, no statistically significant difference among students in all the four modes in the mathematics attitude measure. Implications of the findings are discussed and recommendations made. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2008.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-38349113448	Enhancing Nigerian business students' interests and performance in office management through the cooperative learning approach	Koko M.N.	2007	European Journal of Scientific Research	19	1	None	Business Education Department, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Koko, M.N., Business Education Department, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	This study examined the effect of Cooperative Learning Approach (CLA) as an enhancement tool for Business students' interests and performance in Office Management in Nigeria. The sample consisted of 98 final-year students who offered BED 431 in the (2004/2005 academic session) selected through the simple random sampling technique and divided into control and experimental group using balloting. The OMIS and OMAT were the instruments used for data collection. The quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test design was adopted in the study. The results revealed that the experimental group, exposed to the Cooperative Learning Approach, exhibited higher interest and performance in Office Management than the Control group taught through the traditional method. It was therefore concluded that Cooperative Learning Approach enhances students' interest and performance and should therefore be adopted by educationists at all levels of education in Nigeria. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2007.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880840505	Relative importance of satisfaction dimensions on service performance: A developing country context	Frimpong K., Wilson A.	2013	Journal of Service Management	24	4	10.1108/JOSM-07-2012-0151	Business School, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIMPA), Accra, Ghana; Marketing, Strathclyde Business School, Glasgow, United Kingdom	Frimpong, K., Business School, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIMPA), Accra, Ghana; Wilson, A., Marketing, Strathclyde Business School, Glasgow, United Kingdom	Purpose: This paper seeks to examine the relevance of some existing Western motivation and job design theories in explaining employees' service performance, termed service orientation in delivery, in a developing country context. Design/methodology/approach: The satisfaction-performance thesis and the two factor theory (motivation and hygiene factors) are tested using a case study from a developing economy, Ghana. Survey data were collected from 535 retail bank employees of two large commercial banks across 85 branches in the final phase of the research. Multiple and hierarchical regression as well as split sample analyses were used to examine data. Findings: Overall, the findings indicate some support for the validity and relevance of the satisfaction-service performance thesis even in a non-developed economy. Some outcomes, however, seem to challenge the validity of the two factor theory: context/hygiene satisfaction elements emerged as better predictors of service performance than content/motivator factors. In particular, context satisfaction dimension relating to co-workers appeared to be the most important predictor. Satisfaction with pay and rewards, however, appeared unimportant to the service performance of the bank employees surveyed. Research limitations/implications: As the research was limited to the banking sector from only one developing country, generalisations and applications of its findings should be made with caution. Future studies which provide broader conceptual and empirical views, in terms of how specific co-worker attitudes and behaviours motivate or discourage service-oriented performances in multi-country studies, could be useful. Practical implications: Despite its limitations, the confirmation of the satisfaction-performance thesis in this paper may indicate to managers that some, if not all, of the management theories taught in American/European schools may be equally relevant to developing economies such as Ghana. In addition, the findings provide managers with insights regarding the potential importance of context satisfaction elements to employees' service performance. Originality/value: Overall, the broad findings from the study indicate some support for the relevance of the satisfaction-service performance thesis even in a non-developed economy, characterised by relatively challenging economic conditions. However, some outcomes reported in this paper seem to challenge the validity of the two factor theory and its relevance for job motivation and design. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Customer services quality; Developing countries; Ghana; Job satisfaction; Service orientation; Service quality/performance	None	None
None	None	Evaluating the missing links in the relationship between executives' compensation and firm performance	Mori N., Munisi G.	2014	International Journal of Business and Globalisation	12	3	10.1504/IJBG.2014.060215	Business School, University of Dar Es Salaam, P.O. Box 35046, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Norwegian Centre for Microfinance Research, University of Agder, Postboks 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway; Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, University of Agder, Postboks 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway	Mori, N., Business School, University of Dar Es Salaam, P.O. Box 35046, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Norwegian Centre for Microfinance Research, University of Agder, Postboks 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway; Munisi, G., Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, University of Agder, Postboks 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway	The research on the relationship between executive compensation and firm performance is extensive but has produced inconsistent results and, typically, weak explanatory power. One cause of these results is use of an incomplete theoretical framework that ignores some variables that are related to these two concepts. We explore the missing links between them. The paper contributes to scholarly and practical understanding of this important issue in the literature by extending and combining agency theory, upper echelons theory, and motivation theory perspectives. The paper develops a model that describes and explains the interactive relationship between executive managerial ability, executive compensation, strategic choices and firm performance. It puts forward the argument that executive managerial ability is related to strategic choices, and executive compensation moderates this relationship. Additionally, the paper suggests that strategic choice is an important variable that has not been explicitly accounted for in the relationship between compensation and firm performance. Copyright © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Executive compensation; Firm performance; Managerial ability; Motivation; Strategic choice	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78649439813	Searching for security: Case studies of the impact of work restructuring on households in South Korea, South Africa and Australia	Lambert R., Webster E.	2010	Journal of Industrial Relations	52	5	10.1177/0022185610381672	Business School, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009, Australia; University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Lambert, R., Business School, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009, Australia; Webster, E., University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	The reconfiguration of the employment relationship - through the growing intensification, informalization and casualization of work, downsizing and retrenchments - impacts directly on workers' households and the communities within which they are embedded. To understand these responses, we need to rethink the way we study the changing employment relationship. Employment relations should not only analyse the workplace: we need to research workers in the totality of their lives. To comprehend these processes we surveyed and interviewed workers in the workplace and in their households and communities. Through following workers into their homes and communities in South Africa, Australia and South Korea, the differential impact of the global restructuring of one industry, the white goods industry, on the non-working life of working people emerged. Two types of responses were identified: on the one hand, a retreat from, or an adaptation to, rapid market liberalization; on the other, mobilization to challenge the market. All three research sites evidenced innovative attempts at the local level to search for security. However, these responses lacked an overall vision of alternative possibilities to the realities of the free market paradigm of globalization. © Industrial Relations Society of Australia.	employment relations; globalization; households; security; white goods; workplace industrial relations	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84871891224	Vowel targeted intervention for children with persisting speech difficulties: Impact on intelligibility	Speake J., Stackhouse J., Pascoe M.	2012	Child Language Teaching and Therapy	28	3	10.1177/0265659012453463	Cambridgeshire Community Services NHS Trust, Child Health, Ida Darwin Fulbourn, Cambridge, CB1 9SA, United Kingdom; University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; University of Cape Town, South Africa	Speake, J., Cambridgeshire Community Services NHS Trust, Child Health, Ida Darwin Fulbourn, Cambridge, CB1 9SA, United Kingdom; Stackhouse, J., University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Pascoe, M., University of Cape Town, South Africa	Compared to the treatment of consonant segments, the treatment of vowels is infrequently described in the literature on children's speech difficulties. Vowel difficulties occur less frequently than those with consonants but may have significant impact on intelligibility. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of vowel targeted intervention (VTI) with two 10-year-old children with severe and persisting speech difficulties measures of (a) percentage vowels correct and (b) intelligibility outcomes by peer group listeners were used. Assessment of vowel production was used to design and carry out intervention for each child, the success of which was measured in two ways: comparing (a) percentage of vowels correct before and after the intervention, (b) the percentage of pre- vs. post-intervention utterances understood by a group of typical peer listeners (aged 9 to 11 years). Pre- and post-intervention speech samples (comprising single words, imitated sentences and spontaneous speech) were edited onto a CD for these listeners, who were asked to write down what had been said. The two children with speech difficulties made significant improvement in vowel production as measured by the percentage of vowels correct. The listeners perceived more productions accurately post-intervention than pre-intervention. There was also a reduction in the range of the listeners' misperceptions of target words. VTI was effective in terms of both increasing PVC and intelligibility outcomes as judged by peer group listeners. It is not more complicated to carry out VTI than consonant targeted intervention; this should be considered more often when planning therapy for children where vowels are affected. © The Author(s) 2012.	intelligibility; intervention; peer-group listeners; persisting speech difficulties; treatment outcomes; vowels	None	None
WoS	WOS:000238591500004	An evaluation of e-readiness assessment tools with respect to information access: Towards an integrated information rich tool	Mutula, SM,van Brakel, P	2006	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT	26	3	10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2006.02.004	Cape Peninsula University of Technology	None	This paper is an offshoot of the findings of a doctoral thesis carried out at the University of Johannesburg (formerly Rand Afrikaans University) in South Africa on the assessment of e-readiness tools with respect to information access. The paper argues that information is a key component in the e-readiness equation and yet it is not given much emphasis in the e-readiness extant tools, but is instead subsumed under Information and Communication Technology (ICT). The paper notes that the various major segments of e-readiness as synthesised from existing tools are scattered in different tools making their use painstakingly cumbersome. The paper proposes a new e-readiness integrated tool that emphasises information access and also collocates the various segments of organizational, ICT, human resources, and external readiness into one single tool. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	"digital divide",e-readiness,ICTS,"INFORMATION ACCESS","INFORMATION MANAGEMENT","COMPUTER-MEDIATED COMMUNICATION",SYSTEMS	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904419955	Reassessment of the environmental impacts of sulphur oxide emissions from power stations	Lloyd P.	2013	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	24	2	None	Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa	Lloyd, P., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa	It is a deeply entrenched belief that emissions of sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere are harmful to the environment, and that sulphur compounds should be removed from the gaseous wastes before discharge. The difficulties with this view are summarised. Extensive work in both North America and Europe has failed to demonstrate any of the early claims for impacts such as forest death. The claims for health effects seem unduly conservative and not supported by reliable data. There are even negative impacts from reducing sulphur emissions. Claims for high external costs associated with coal-fired power generation in South Africa are the result of arithmetic errors. The installation of flue-gas desulphurisation on the latest Eskom power station, Kusile, is shown to be completely unsustainable in the light of the minimal benefits that the considerable costs will bring.	Environmental impacts; Power stations; Sulphur oxide	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892525449	Effects of poor training and development on the work performance of the fast food employees in Cape Town	Ukandu N.E., Ukpere W.I.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	14	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n14p571	Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, P. o. Box, 524, Johannesburg, South Africa	Ukandu, N.E., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa; Ukpere, W.I., Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, P. o. Box, 524, Johannesburg, South Africa	This research was conducted to establish whether the fast food employees within the Cape Town metropolis were being trained, and if not, what can be the possible reason for the lack of training. Fast food employers depend on their workers' skills, knowledge and abilities for effective customer services, which make it necessary for workers to be trained and developed to achieve a better work performance. The objective of this study is to evaluate the state of training and development within the fast food outlets, in order to establish the impact of the current state of training and development on employees' work performance. The purpose is to suggest ways of improving employee job performances through training and development at fast food outlets in Cape Town. Furthermore, to encourage the management of fast food outlets in Cape Town, in order to implement training and development of workers in their workplaces as this will improve the work performance of their employees. The sample consisted of 200 employees from different fast food outlets, out of which 123 responded. A triangulation method was utilized to find information from the different units within the fast food outlets. The the managers, cashiers, production units and others form part of the sample. A closed-ended questionnaire was used. The results obtained proved that a majority of fast food employees in Cape Town do not receive enough training compared to what they should. However, some ex-staff members suggested that there is a need for employee training and development at fast food outlets to improve their job performances.	Development; Employee work performance; Fast food outlets; Job satisfaction; Skills; Training; Workplace	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897398367	Factors impacting job satisfaction of employees in the fast food industry in Cape Town	Ukandu N.E., Ukpere W.I.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	3	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n3p51	Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, P. o. Box, 524, Johannesburg, South Africa	Ukandu, N.E., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa; Ukpere, W.I., Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, P. o. Box, 524, Johannesburg, South Africa	Job satisfaction increases the level of performance in any organisation including the fast food outlets. Job satisfaction helps to stimulate employees' commitment in the workplace. In other words, employee satisfaction is vital for organisational development and growth. The fast food workers are unique and have their individual needs, potentials, values and goals. Job satisfaction can also enhance the level of motivation in the workplace. Hence, when the workers are satisfied, they also tend to be motivated towards organisational goals. This paper aims to look at factors impacting the job satisfaction of employee within the fast food industry, in order to proffer ways of improving the level of job satisfaction of fast food employees, in order to achieve a high level of employee and organisational performance. A survey concentrated mainly on the fast food industry. Only fast food employees with at least six (6) months experience were selected for the study, in order to obtain a reliable and valid response. Data was obtained from both the operational workers, administration, cashiers and the managers. A total of 200 closed-ended questionnaires were distributed and 123 employees responded, which gave a response rate of 62.5%. Research finding shows that the rate of personal growth of the employees in their workplace was not satisfactory with a rate of 56.1% respondents. Also, the flexible time plan was not very satisfactory to the workers since they were given a flexible time sometimes during busy periods. In addition, the employees were not allowed to participate in decisions that affects them. It is thus proposed that fast food employees should be empowered through effective participation in decision making. Moreover, the employee skills should be improved through coaching and feedback system.	Employee Commitment; Employee dissatisfaction; Job satisfaction; Pay and benefits; Working Conditions	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84953222801	Testicular and Related Size Evaluations in Nigerian Sahel Goats with Optimal Cauda Epididymal Sperm Reserve	Abba Y., Igbokwe I.O.	2015	Veterinary Medicine International	2015	None	10.1155/2015/357519	Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang	Abba, Y., Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria, Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Igbokwe, I.O., Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria	Testicular sizes of animals are important for identification of those with adequate sperm production. The aim of this study was to define the testicular and related size estimates that would be associated with optimal cauda epididymal sperm counts (ESC) in Sahel goats based on postmortem evaluations. A stratified quota sample population of 125 male goats inclusive of all testicular sizes was taken at a slaughterhouse in Maiduguri, Nigeria. The bucks were aged 18-30 months and weighed 17.04 ± 2.99 (12-25) kg. Body, testicular, and epididymal weights of each goat with other related size measurements were estimated. ESC was determined from homogenized tissue using a manual cytometer. At the cut-off ESC of &gt;1.1 × 109 sperm heads, 66 (52.80%) of the goats had optimal ESC which was associated with testicular weight of 59.90 ± 16.10 (31.40-86.20) g, gonadosomatic index of 3.51 ± 0.69 (2.00-4.50) g/kg, and scrotal circumference of 19.07 ± 1.29 (17.00-21.80) cm. The size variables of the scrotum and testis correlated with one another and with the ESC. These findings provide data that may be used to anticipate adequate antemortem sperm reserve based on testicular size during preliminary selection of sires for breeding from a sexually mature Sahel buck population. © 2015 Y. Abba and I. O. Igbokwe.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-58449103798	Sport tourism event impacts on the host community: A case study of red bull big wave Africa	Ntloko N.J., Swart R.	2008	South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation	30	2	None	Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa; Human Sciences Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; 22 Devonshire Close, Parklands 7441, South Africa	Ntloko, N.J., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa, Human Sciences Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa, 22 Devonshire Close, Parklands 7441, South Africa; Swart, R., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa	The focus of this article is on the management and social impacts of sport tourism events on the host community. This article specifically evaluates the Red Bull Big Wave Africa (RBBWA) event as a case study. Of cognisance is the host community's involvement, perceptions, attitudes and an understanding of costs and benefits linked to the event, at the same time providing a critical view on the management aspects of the event and impacts evident from the host community's point of view. Survey questionnaires, interviews and direct observations were carried out as methods of obtaining data. Altogether 200 residents, two community leaders and one organiser took part in the investigation. The results indicated the event has entertainment value; provides economic benefits in particular for local businesses; promotes community pride and act as regional showcase. On the other hand, the analysis indicated the event as causing minimal disruption to local residents including use of public facilities, mainly for residents in close proximity to the event. In addition, negative environmental impacts and social inequalities became evident. The article reflects a strong link between management and impact of events as a measure to maximise the positive impacts and minimise the negative impacts.	Event impacts; Host community; Sport tourism events	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907294002	Financial performance measures and business objectives attainment in fast food SMMEs in the Cape Metropolis: A preliminary liability and suitability analysis	Ngary C., Smit Y., Bruwer J.-P., Ukpere W.I.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	20	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p909	Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O.Box 625, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa	Ngary, C., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O.Box 625, Cape Town, South Africa; Smit, Y., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O.Box 625, Cape Town, South Africa; Bruwer, J.-P., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O.Box 625, Cape Town, South Africa; Ukpere, W.I., Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa	According to the Small Business Act No. 102 of 1996, Small Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) were introduced by the South African government to assist with the achievement of uplifting the national economy to reduce the rising trend unemployment and poverty in the country. SMMEs are believed to contribute up to 30% of the Gross Domestic Product of South Africa and are further believed to be responsible for absorbing up to 80% of the national labour force. Regrettably, prior research suggests that these initiatives have not succeeded in reducing unemployment and eradicating poverty, since more than 75% of SMMEs have been reported to fail within their first two years of existence. Economic factors have been blamed for the dismal outcomes. However, the achievement of business objectives is very relevant to how a business is managed, particularly from a financial outlook. In essence, the current authors are of the view that SMMEs were not attaining their objectives owing to the ineffective utilisation of financial performance measures, which consequently affects the smooth existence of these entities as a going concern. The main objective of this paper was to determine the extent to which SMMEs make use of financial performance measures to attain their business objectives. The research adopted a quantitative approach, which entails the collection of data from 30 SMMEs leaders (owners and/or managers) in the Cape Metropolis. All participants were required to adhere to a list of strict delineation criteria. The finding reveals that SMMEs leaders do make use of financial performance measures to manage their respective businesses towards the attainment of business objectives, but only to a limited extent. © MCSER-Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research.	Business objectives; Fast food industry; Financial performance measures; SMMEs; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84944549252	Corporate social responsibility and organisational performance of a professional football club in South Africa	Moyo T., Davies S.E.H., Joubert E.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	13	1CONT5	None	Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa	Moyo, T., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa; Davies, S.E.H., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa; Joubert, E., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa	This research investigated the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and organisational performance at Ajax Cape Town FC a professional football club in the South African Premier Soccer League (PSL). The data collected suggested that Ajax Cape Town FC employed CSR initiatives and consequently enjoyed various benefits from these activities. The CSR activities facilitated access to the club’s target market, developed and improved mutually beneficial relations with the community and consequently Ajax Cape Town FC experienced increased trust, a positive brand image and stronger loyalty from their fans. The outcomes of this study provide an insight into a South African professional football club and demonstrate how CSR initiatives can be used to successfully improve organisational performance. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Civil law; Common law; Corporate governance; Hedge funds; Shareholder activism	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84885408544	Monitoring outcomes and impacts of capacity development in the water sector: A Cap-Net UNDP experience	Gunawardana I., Leendertse K., Handoko W.	2013	Water Policy	15	SUPPL.2	10.2166/wp.2013.121	Cap-Net UNDP, Pretoria, South Africa; CK Net, IHE Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia	Gunawardana, I., Cap-Net UNDP, Pretoria, South Africa; Leendertse, K., Cap-Net UNDP, Pretoria, South Africa; Handoko, W., CK Net, IHE Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia	Cap-Net UNDP is an international capacity development network for integrated water resources management (IWRM). Cap-Net's approach of working through regional and country networks is an effective method of drawing together various experts from different disciplines, fostering local ownership for capacity development and scaling-up implementation of IWRM. This paper discusses the lessons drawn from outcome monitoring of Cap-Net capacity development courses for 2 consecutive years 2010-12. Cap-Net follows the Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning Plan that it developed and this helps Cap-Net to learn about progress towards its objectives. It also allows for corrective measures to the on-going process in capacity development program delivery. Lessons from the outcome monitoring exercises provided guidance for revision of monitoring approaches in order to capture the outcomes and impacts and to contribute to the overall goal of Cap-Net. It was realized that interest and involvement of partner networks, continuous follow-up of the courses and standardized processes are important for successful monitoring. © IWA Publishing 2013.	Capacity development; Evaluation; Impacts; Monitoring; Outcome	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903383448	Building capacity to measure long-term impact on women's empowerment: CARE's Women's Empowerment Impact Measurement Initiative	Karim N., Picard M., Gillingham S., Berkowitz L.	2014	Gender and Development	22	2	10.1080/13552074.2014.920977	CARE USA, 151 Ellis Street NE, Atlanta, GA 30303-2440, United States; 5718 Clark Street, Montreal, QC H2T 2V4, Canada; 72 Marlborough Road, Grandpont, Oxford OX 1 4LR, United Kingdom; 703 Hillside Village, 9th Street, Killarney, Johannesburg 2198, South Africa	Karim, N., CARE USA, 151 Ellis Street NE, Atlanta, GA 30303-2440, United States; Picard, M., 5718 Clark Street, Montreal, QC H2T 2V4, Canada; Gillingham, S., 72 Marlborough Road, Grandpont, Oxford OX 1 4LR, United Kingdom; Berkowitz, L., 703 Hillside Village, 9th Street, Killarney, Johannesburg 2198, South Africa	From 2010 to 2012, CARE USA implemented the Women's Empowerment Impact Measurement Initiative (WEIMI) to develop the necessary capacity, tools, guidance, and practice to measure and demonstrate the impact of its work on women's empowerment. The lessons and experiences from this initiative have been transformed into an online guidance tool being utilised throughout CARE to inform the process of developing robust theories of change and impact measurement systems for women's empowerment programmes. The WEIMI experience has contributed significantly to CARE's understanding of gender inequality and its implications for achieving broader impact. This article highlights key lessons learned and good practices that emerged in addressing the challenge of developing organisational impact measurement systems for women's empowerment long-term programmes. © 2014 Oxfam GB 2014.	gender; impact groups; impact measurement; social change; theory of change	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84942190785	The effect of performance-based financing on illness, care-seeking and treatment among children: An impact evaluation in Rwanda	Skiles M.P., Curtis S.L., Basinga P., Angeles G., Thirumurthy H.	2015	BMC Health Services Research	15	1	10.1186/s12913-015-1033-7	Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 400 Meadowmont Village Circle, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Global Health Program, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, United States; Rwanda Biomedical Center, Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda; Department Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States	Skiles, M.P., Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 400 Meadowmont Village Circle, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Curtis, S.L., Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 400 Meadowmont Village Circle, Chapel Hill, NC, United States, Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Basinga, P., Global Health Program, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, United States, Rwanda Biomedical Center, Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda; Angeles, G., Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 400 Meadowmont Village Circle, Chapel Hill, NC, United States, Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Thirumurthy, H., Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 400 Meadowmont Village Circle, Chapel Hill, NC, United States, Department Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States	Background: Performance-based financing (PBF) strategies are promoted as a supply-side, results-based financing mechanism to improve primary health care. This study estimated the effects of Rwanda's PBF program on less-incentivized child health services and examined the differential program impact by household poverty. Methods: Districts were allocated to intervention and comparison for PBF implementation in Rwanda. Using Demographic Health Survey data from 2005 to 2007-08, a community-level panel dataset of 5781 children less than 5 years of age from intervention and comparison districts was created. The impacts of PBF on reported childhood illness, facility care-seeking, and treatment received were estimated using a difference-in-differences model with community fixed effects. An interaction term between poverty and the program was estimated to identify the differential effect of PBF among children from poorer families. Results: There was no measurable difference in estimated probability of reporting illness with diarrhea, fever or acute respiratory infections between the intervention and comparison groups. Seeking care at a facility for these illnesses increased over time, however no differential effect by PBF was seen. The estimated effect of PBF on receipt of treatment for poor children is 45 percentage points higher (p∈=∈0.047) compared to the non-poor children seeking care for diarrhea or fever. Conclusions: PBF, a supply-side incentive program, improved the quality of treatment received by poor children conditional on patients seeking care, but it did not impact the propensity to seek care. These findings provide additional evidence that PBF incentivizes the critical role staff play in assuring quality services, but does little to influence consumer demand for these services. Efforts to improve child health need to address both supply and demand, with additional attention to barriers due to poverty if equity in service use is a concern. © 2015 Skiles et al.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000273449700027	Developmental monitoring using caregiver reports in a resource-limited setting: the case of Kilifi, Kenya	Abubakar, A.,Bomu, G.,Holding, P.,Van Baar, A.,van de Vijver, F.	2010	ACTA PAEDIATRICA	99	2	10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01561.x	Case Western Reserve University, North West University - South Africa, Tilburg University, University of Utrecht, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Res Programme	"Van Baar, A.: University of Utrecht",	Aim: The main aim of the current study was to evaluate the reliability, validity and acceptability of developmental monitoring using caregiver reports among mothers in a rural African setting. Methods: A structured interview for parents of children aged 24 months and less was developed through both participant consultation and a review of literature. The reliability and validity of the schedule was evaluated through a 10-month monitoring programme of 95 children, aged 2-10 months. The acceptability of the process was evaluated by studying retention rates and by organizing focus group discussions with participating mothers. Results: The structured interview 'Developmental Milestones Checklist' consisted of 66 items covering three broad domains of child functioning: motor, language and personal-social development. The interview yielded scores of developmental achievements that showed high internal consistency and excellent test-retest reliability. The results were sensitive to maturational changes and nutritional deficiencies. In addition, acceptable retention rates of approximately 80% were found. Participating mothers reported that they found the procedures both acceptable and beneficial. Conclusion: Developmental monitoring using caregiver report is a viable method to identify and monitor at-risk children in Sub-Saharan Africa.	Africa,"Caregiver reports",CHILDREN,"developmental monitoring",CARE,CHILD-DEVELOPMENT,DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES,"NEUROLOGICAL IMPAIRMENT",PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN,SERVICES	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84920374118	Evaluation of MALDI biotyping for rapid subspecies identification of carbapenemase-producing bacteria via protein profiling	Somboro A.M., Tiwari D., Shobo A., Bester L.A., Kruger H.G., Govender T., Essack S.Y.	2014	Mass Spectrometry Letters	5	4	10.5478/MSL.2014.5.4.110	Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Biomedical Resource Unit, Westville campus, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa; Antimicrobial Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	Somboro, A.M., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, Antimicrobial Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Tiwari, D., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Shobo, A., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Bester, L.A., Biomedical Resource Unit, Westville campus, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa; Kruger, H.G., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Govender, T., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Essack, S.Y., Antimicrobial Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	The method of direct mass spectrometry profiling is reliable and reproducible for the rapid identification of clinical isolates of bacteria and fungi. This is the first study evaluating the approach of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry profiling for rapid identification of carbapenemase-resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE). Proof of concept was achieved by the discrimination of CRE using MALDI Biotyper MS based on the protein. This profiling appears promising by the visual observation of consistent unique peaks, albeit low intensity, that could be picked up from the mean spectra (MSP) method. The Biotyper MSP creation and identification methods needed to be optimized to provide significantly improved differences in scores to allow for subspecies identification with and without carbapenemases. These spectra were subjected to visual peak picking and in all cases; there were pertinent differences in the presence or absence of potential biomarker peaks to differentiate isolates. We also evaluated this method for potential discrimination between different carbapenemases bacteria, utilizing the same strategy. Based on our data and pending further investigation in other CREs, MALDI-TOF MS has potential as a diagnostic tool for the rapid identification of even closely related carbapenemases but would require a paradigm shift in which Biotyper suppliers enable more flexible software control of mass spectral profiling methods. © 2014, Mass Spectrom. Lett. All rights reserved.	Carbapenemase; Enterobacteriaceae; MALDI-TOF MS	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84952651616	Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Teixobactin Analogue	Jad Y.E., Acosta G.A., Naicker T., Ramtahal M., El-Faham A., Govender T., Kruger H.G., De La Torre B.G., Albericio F.	2015	Organic Letters	17	24	10.1021/acs.orglett.5b03176	Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Institute for Research in Biomedicine-Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria, Egypt; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain	Jad, Y.E., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Acosta, G.A., Institute for Research in Biomedicine-Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, Spain; Naicker, T., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Ramtahal, M., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; El-Faham, A., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria, Egypt, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Govender, T., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Kruger, H.G., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; De La Torre, B.G., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Albericio, F., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, Institute for Research in Biomedicine-Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria, Egypt, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain	The first synthesis and biological activity of a teixobactin analogue is reported. Substitution of the unusual l-allo-enduracididine residue by the naturally occurring l-arginine was achieved, and the analogue gave an activity trend similar to that of teixobactin (against Gram-postive bacteria) and meropenem, which was approved by the FDA in 1996. The synthetic route used allows for the synthesis of the natural product as well as the development of a program of medicinal chemistry. © 2015 American Chemical Society.	None	None	2014 SGR 137, Generalitat de Catalunya; RGP-234, KSU, Generalitat de Catalunya
WoS	WOS:000271954100013	A Critical Analysis of the Social and Economic Impact of Asian Diaspora in Kenya	Afolabi, N,Akala, Winston Jumba,Falola, T,Kiruthu, Felix,Ogino, Francis	2007	TRANS-ATLANTIC MIGRATION: THE PARADOXES OF EXILE	None	None	None	Catholic University of Eastern Africa, University of Nairobi	"Akala, Winston Jumba: Catholic University of Eastern Africa","Kiruthu, Felix: University of Nairobi","Ogino, Francis: University of Nairobi"	None	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84858766258	Early impacts of orphaning: Health, nutrition, and food insecurity in a cohort of school-going adolescents in South Africa	DeSilva M.B., Skalicky A., Beard J., Cakwe M., Zhuwau T., Quinlan T., Simon J.	2012	Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies	7	1	10.1080/17450128.2011.648968	Center for Global Health and Development (CGHD), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Health Economics and AIDS Research Division (HEARD), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	DeSilva, M.B., Center for Global Health and Development (CGHD), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Skalicky, A., Center for Global Health and Development (CGHD), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Beard, J., Center for Global Health and Development (CGHD), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Cakwe, M., Health Economics and AIDS Research Division (HEARD), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Zhuwau, T., Health Economics and AIDS Research Division (HEARD), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Quinlan, T., Health Economics and AIDS Research Division (HEARD), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Simon, J., Center for Global Health and Development (CGHD), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States	We recruited a cohort of 157 recent orphans and 480 non-orphans aged 9-15 in a region of high HIV/AIDS mortality in South Africa using stratified cluster sampling to determine the impact of recent parental death on health and food insecurity of school-going orphans compared to non-orphans over time. Between September 2004 and June 2007, household heads, caregivers, and children were interviewed at three annual intervals. Bivariate associations and multivariate models were assessed using generalized estimating equations (GEE). In the health domain, compared to non-orphans, double orphans were more likely to report worse health status and being very ill in the previous 12 months. For those who reported being very ill, maternal or paternal orphans were more than twice as likely not to seek care than non-orphans; no differences were found for double orphans. For nutrition and food insecurity, maternal or paternal orphans were more likely not to have eaten dinner and to have gone to bed hungry the previous night compared to non-orphans; no differences were found for double orphans. Overall, recent school-aged orphans were disadvantaged in health and food insecurity within two years after the death of a parent, compared to their non-orphaned counterparts, but the disparities were smaller than expected. No changes in health, nutritional status, or food insecurity were apparent over the three study rounds. Longer term effects into adulthood may well be more pronounced and warrant careful longitudinal investigation. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	food insecurity; health; nutrition; orphans; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900403718	Investigation into the mineralogy and flotation performance of oxidised PGM ore	Becker M., Wiese J., Ramonotsi M.	2014	Minerals Engineering	65	None	10.1016/j.mineng.2014.04.009	Centre for Minerals Research, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Pilanesberg Platinum Mines, Centurion, South Africa	Becker, M., Centre for Minerals Research, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Wiese, J., Centre for Minerals Research, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Ramonotsi, M., Pilanesberg Platinum Mines, Centurion, South Africa	The 2.05 Ga Bushveld Complex in South Africa, host to many lucrative ore deposits, is surprisingly pristine and unaltered given its geological age. In some areas, however, there is evidence of low temperature weathering, alteration and oxidation, most commonly observed when the ore is near surface. The Pilanesburg Platinum Mines (PPM) operation in South Africa treats ore from an open pit and routinely suffers from low and erratic platinum group element (PGE) flotation recoveries. This study investigates the effect of oxidation on the mineralogy and flotation performance of PPM "silicate reef" ore and evaluates the effect of alkyl hydroxamate (AM 28) and controlled potential sulfidisation (CPS with NaHS) as a means to improve the poor flotation performance of the oxidised ore. Oxidised PPM ore is characterised by high contents of alteration minerals resulting in abundant naturally floating gangue (NFG), high contents of Fe-oxides/hydroxides and negligible base metal sulfides. Small improvements in PGE recovery with the addition of the hydroxamate co-collector with CPS or without it are more due to the high froth stability and increased water recovery rather than any selective action of the collector. The distinctly higher Pt recovery relative to Pd recovery is linked to the mobilisation and redistribution of Pd during the oxidation of the ore. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	Oxidation; Platinum ore; Process mineralogy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939643524	Evaluation of a consumer fitness-tracking device to assess sleep in adults	De Zambotti M., Claudatos S., Inkelis S., Colrain I.M., Baker F.C.	2015	Chronobiology International	32	7	10.3109/07420528.2015.1054395	Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of MelbourneVIC, Australia; Brain Function Research Group, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	De Zambotti, M., Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States; Claudatos, S., Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States; Inkelis, S., Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States; Colrain, I.M., Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States, Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of MelbourneVIC, Australia; Baker, F.C., Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States, Brain Function Research Group, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Wearable fitness-tracker devices are becoming increasingly available. We evaluated the agreement between Jawbone UP and polysomnography (PSG) in assessing sleep in a sample of 28 midlife women. As shown previously, for standard actigraphy, Jawbone UP had high sensitivity in detecting sleep (0.97) and low specificity in detecting wake (0.37). However, it showed good overall agreement with PSG with a maximum of two women falling outside Bland-Altman plot agreement limits. Jawbone UP overestimated PSG total sleep time (26.6 ± 35.3 min) and sleep onset latency (5.2 ± 9.6 min), and underestimated wake after sleep onset (31.2 ± 32.3 min) (p's < 0.05), with greater discrepancies in nights with more disrupted sleep. The low-cost and wide-availability of these fitness-tracker devices may make them an attractive alternative to standard actigraphy in monitoring daily sleep-wake rhythms over several days. © 2015 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.	Actigraphy; activity trackers; motion; sleep; wristbands	None	HL103688, NIH, National Institutes of Health
Scopus	2-s2.0-23944490137	Through the magnifying glass: A descriptive theoretical analysis of the possible impact of the South African higher education policies on academic staff and their job satisfaction	Mapesela M., Hay H.R.	2005	Higher Education	50	1	10.1007/s10734-004-6358-9	Center for Higher Education Studies and Development, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 4345, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Mapesela, M., Center for Higher Education Studies and Development, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 4345, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Hay, H.R., Center for Higher Education Studies and Development, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 4345, Bloemfontein, South Africa	This article provides a descriptive theoretical analysis of the most important higher education policies and initiatives which were developed by the democratically elected government of South Africa after 1994 to transform the South African higher education system. The article sheds light on the rationale for the policies under scrutiny; how they take cognisance of academics' diverse needs; as well as how their implementation is bound to affect academics and possibly influence job satisfaction. The article argues that the South African higher education fraternity, currently overwhelmed by mammoth change initiatives, is simultaneously faced with two processes, namely transforming the socio-political state of the country, as well as transformation to respond to national higher education policy imperatives. Seemingly South African policy-makers, in their attempts to break away from the past, are oblivious of the realities of thorough policy implementation and do not take the voluminous nature of policies into consideration as an inhibiting factor. Undoubtedly this could have adverse effects for academic staff who are expected to propel change and transformation, but who are oftentimes confronted with the complexities of implementation which entail among others, dealing with cumbersome procedures, processes, bureaucratic structures as well as increasing workloads. © Springer 2005.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78650974117	Evaluation of the lubricating properties of palm oil	Musa J.J.	2010	Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies	9	17	None	Department of Agriculture and Bio-Resource Engineering, Federal University of Technology, P M B 65, Minna, Nigeria	Musa, J.J., Department of Agriculture and Bio-Resource Engineering, Federal University of Technology, P M B 65, Minna, Nigeria	There has been an increase in effort to reduce the reliance on petroleum fuels for energy generation and transportation throughout the world. Among the proposed alternative fuels is biodiesel. Over the years, a little attention was paid to the industrial use of palm oil. Laboratory tests such as viscosity, fire point, flash point, pour point and densities were conducted on raw palm oil and bleached palm oil using standard procedures. The flash points of palm oil and the bleached sample are 250 and 301°C while their fire points are 260 and 308°C while the flash and fire points of the SAE 40 and SAE 30 are 260/300(°C) and 243/290(°C) respectively. It was discovered that palm oil has a better prospect as lubricating oil if necessary improvements are made. © 2010 by the authors.	Additives; Bleaching; Density; Fire point; Flash point; Pour point; Viscosity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-83455224710	Comparison of the performance, haematology and serum chemistry of Weaner pigs fed palm kernel cake with and without enzyme supplementation	Oluwafemi R.A., Akpodiete O.J.	2011	Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry	10	10	None	College of Agriculture, Igbinedion University, Okada, Edo state, Nigeria; Dept. of Animal Science, Delta State University, Asaba Campus, Nigeria	Oluwafemi, R.A., College of Agriculture, Igbinedion University, Okada, Edo state, Nigeria; Akpodiete, O.J., Dept. of Animal Science, Delta State University, Asaba Campus, Nigeria	The effects of Palm kernel Cake with or without enzyme supplementation on the performance, haematology and serum chemistry of weaner pigs were compared in a study, which lasted for eighty four days. Thirty weaner pigs of the Large White x Duroc crossbreed with average initial live weight range of 10.5 to 14kg allotted into five groups were used. Five experimental diets in which Palm Kernel cake was used as replacement for maize were formulated as follows: Diet 1 (control) had 0% PKC and no enzyme inclusion, Diet 2 had 40% PKC and with enzyme, Diet 3 had 40% PKC and without enzyme, Diet 4 had 60% PKC with enzyme while Diet 5 had 60% PKC without enzyme. The animals were randomly assigned to the dietary treatments in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD). The enzyme - Hemicel® was mixed with the PKC portion at the rate of 600g/ton before incorporation into the diets. Performance characteristics measured include: average daily gains (kg), average daily feed intake (kg), feed cost/gain (N), haematological and serological characteristics among others. The results showed that there were significant (P<0.05) differences in average daily gain (ADG), average total weight gain (ATWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The Red Blood Cell (RBC) of weaner pigs in treatment 4 (60%PKC + Enzyme) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than the others while the mean haemoglobin (Hb) values were significantly (P<0.05) different among the treatment means. The Serum levels of Albumin and the Urea of the experimental animals were not affected by the experimental diets but the total protein was highest (P<0.05) for weaners in treatment 3 (40% PKC without enzyme) than those fed the remaining dietary treatments. There was however no deleterious effect of the dietary treatments on the experimental animals throughout the study period. Therefore up to 60% inclusion level of palm kernel cake with or without enzyme supplementation could be used as replacement for maize in weaner pig's ration.	Enzyme; Haematology; Palm kernel cake; Serum chemistry; Weaner pigs	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903988975	The impact of homeownership on marriage and divorce: Evidence from propensity score matching	Grinstein-Weiss M., Manturuk K.R., Guo S., Charles P., Key C.	2014	Social Work Research	38	2	10.1093/swr/svu016	Center for Social Development, George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130, Zimbabwe; Center for Community Capital, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, United States; School of Social Service Administration, University of Chicago, United States	Grinstein-Weiss, M., Center for Social Development, George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130, Zimbabwe; Manturuk, K.R., Center for Community Capital, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, United States; Guo, S., Center for Community Capital, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, United States; Charles, P., School of Social Service Administration, University of Chicago, United States; Key, C., Center for Community Capital, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, United States	This research examined the relationship between homeownership and the likelihood of marriage or divorce. Drawing on exchange theory and an economic understanding of marriage, the authors hypothesized that single homeowners are less likely to marry than single renters, whereas married homeowners are less likely to divorce than married renters. These hypotheses were tested using longitudinal data collected from a group of lower income homeowners and a comparison group of renters. Propensity score models were used to account for selection bias. Results indicate that single homeowners are, in fact, less likely to marry than their renting counterparts, whereas married homeowners are less likely to divorce than married renters. These findings suggest that assets, such as a home, can play a significant role in the likelihood of both marriage and divorce. © 2014 National Association of Social Workers.	Divorce; Homeownership; Marriage; Propensity score analysis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34548264707	Electronic structure of trigonal-planar transition-metal - Imido complexes: Spin-state energetics, spin-density profiles, and the remarkable performance of the OLYP functional	Conradie J., Ghosh A.	2007	Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation	3	3	10.1021/ct600337j	Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, 9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa	Conradie, J., Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway, Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, 9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa; Ghosh, A., Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway	We have carried out a detailed multifunctional density functional theory study of first-row transition-metal (Cr to Cu) β-diketiminato ("nacnac") imido and oxo complexes. All the complexes studied exhibit essentially the same d-orbital energy ordering, which is a1 (d x 2-z 2) ≤ a2 (d xy) ≤ a1 (dy2) &lt; b2 (d yz) &lt; b1 (dxz), where the metal-imido vector is identified with the z axis and metal-N3 plane is identified with the xz plane. A curious aspect of this orbital ordering is that the metal d z 2-z 2 orbital, one of whose lobes points directly at the imido nitrogen, is considerably lower in energy than the dπ orbitale. We have determined that the remarkable stability of the dσ-type orbitale owes largely to the way these orbitals hybridize or "shape-shift" as a result of the absence of ligands trans or equatorial with respect to the imido (or oxo) group. Of the many functionals examined, OLYP and OPBE, based on the Handy-Cohen OPTX exchange functional, appear to provide the best overall description of the spin-state energetics of the various complexes. In particular, these two functionals predict an S = 3/2 ground state for Fe(III) nacnac imido complexes and an S = 0 ground state for Co(III) nacnac imido complexes, as observed experimentally. In contrast, classic pure functionals such as PW91 predict S = 1/2 ground states or at best equienergetic S = 1/2 and S = 3/2 states for the Fe(III) imido complexes, while hybrid functionals such as B3LYP and O3LYP predict S = 1 or 2 ground states for the Co(III) nacnac imido complexes. © 2007 American Chemical Society.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-69149104055	Evaluation of the lubricating properties of palm kernel oil	Musa J.J.	2009	Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies	7	14	None	Department of Agriculture and Bio-Resource Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria	Musa, J.J., Department of Agriculture and Bio-Resource Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria	The search for renewable energy resources continues to attract attention in recent times as fossil fuels such as petroleum, coal and natural gas, which are been used to meet the energy needs of man are associated with negative environmental impacts such as global warming. Biodiesel offered reduced exhaust emissions, improved biodegradability, reduced toxicity and higher carotene rating which can improve performance and clean up emissions. Standard methods were used to determine the physical and chemical properties of the oil, which includes the Density, Viscosity, flash/fire point, carbon residue, volatility and Specific Gravity were determined by chemical experimental analysis. The flash/fire points of the Heavy duty oil (SAE 40) and Light duty oil (SAE 30) is 260/300(°C) and 243/290(°C) respectively while the pour points of the samples are 22°C for palm kernel oil while 9°C and 21°C for SAE 40and SAE 30 respectively.	Biodiesel; Density; Fire point; Flash point; Heavy duty; Light duty; Viscosity	None	None
WoS	WOS:000276219700027	Evaluation of the Role of School Children in the Promotion of Point-of-Use Water Treatment and Handwashing in Schools and Households-Nyanza Province, Western Kenya, 2007	Blanton, Elizabeth,Mwaki, Alex,Oluoch, Gordon Otieno,Ombeki, Sam,Quick, Rob,Wannemuehler, Kathleen	2010	AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE	82	4	10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0422	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Cooperat Assistance & Relief Everywhere Inc, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent	None	We installed drinking water and handwashing stations in 17 rural schools and trained teachers to promote water treatment and hygiene to pupils. We gave schools flocculent-disinfectant powder and hypochlorite solution for water treatment. We conducted a baseline water handling survey of pupils' parents from 17 schools and tested stored water for chlorine. We trained teachers and students about hygiene, installed water stations, and distributed instructional comic books to students. We conducted follow-up surveys and chlorine testing at 3 and 13 months. From baseline to 3-month follow-up, parental awareness of the flocculent-disinfectant increased (49-91%, P &lt; 0.0001), awareness of hypochlorite remained high (93-92%), and household use of flocculent-disinfectant (1-7%, P &lt; 0.0001) and hypochlorite (6-13%, P &lt; 0.0001) increased, and were maintained after 13 months. Pupil absentee rates decreased after implementation by 26%. This school-based program resulted in pupil-to-parent knowledge transfer and significant increases in household water treatment practices that were sustained over 1 year.	,"DIARRHEA PREVENTION",DRINKING-WATER,FLOCCULANT-DISINFECTANT,INTERVENTION,KNOWLEDGE,PROGRAM,"RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL","RURAL GUATEMALA","SAFE WATER"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000280743400005	EVALUATION OF A U.S. EVIDENCE-BASED PARENTING INTERVENTION IN RURAL WESTERN KENYA: FROM PARENTS MATTER! TO FAMILIES MATTER!	Buve, Anne,Marum, Elizabeth,Menten, Joris,Miller, Kim S.,Obong'o, Christopher O.,Ochura, Juliet,Otwoma, Nelson J.,Poulsen, Melissa N.,Vandenhoudt, Hilde,Wyckoff, Sarah C.	2010	AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION	22	4	None	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inst Trop Med, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr	None	We evaluated Families Matter! Program (FMP), an intervention designed to improve parent-child communication about sexual risk reduction and parenting skills. Parents of 10- to 12-year-olds were recruited in western Kenya. We aimed to assess community acceptability and FMP's effect on parenting practices and effective parent-child communication. Data were collected from parents and their children at baseline and 1 year postintervention. The intervention's effect was measured on six parenting and parent-child communication composite scores reported separately for parents and children. Of 375 parents, 351 (94%) attended all five intervention sessions. Parents' attitudes regarding sexuality education changed positively. Five of the six composite parenting scores reported by parents, and six of six reported by children, increased significantly at 1 year postintervention. Through careful adaptation of this U.S. intervention, FMP was well accepted in rural Kenya and enhanced parenting skills and parent-child sexuality communication. Parents are in a unique position to deliver primary prevention to youth before their sexual debut as shown in this Kenyan program.	,"ADOLESCENT DRUG-ABUSE",AFRICAN-AMERICAN,BEHAVIOR,COMMUNICATION,"CONDOM USE",EDUCATION,HIV,"PRIMARY PREVENTION",SEXUAL-RISK,TRIAL	None	None
WoS	WOS:000303700600013	Evaluation of integrated registers for tuberculosis and HIV surveillance in children, Ethiopia, 2007-2009	Assefa, D.,Cain, K.,Click, E. S.,Fantu, R.,Feleke, B.,Gadisa, T.,Melaku, Z.,Menzies, H.,Pevzner, E.	2012	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE	16	5	10.5588/ijtld.11.0655	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Ctr AIDS Care & Treatment Programs	None	In 2008, Ethiopia implemented tuberculosis (TB) treatment registers that included columns for recording human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) test results (integrated registers) to replace the previous system of separate TB and HIV registers (pre-integration registers). We compared the proportion of children with documented HIV rapid test results at eight hospitals before and after adopting the integrated registers. HIV status was more consistently documented in the integrated registers; however, HIV status for infants aged &lt;18 months could not be assessed, as the registers did not capture results from polymerase chain reaction-based testing. Recording procedures should be revised to document age-appropriate HIV diagnostic results and ensure referral for appropriate care.	HIV,PEDIATRIC,TB,TUBERCULOSIS,"CHILDHOOD TUBERCULOSIS"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000331009000027	Assessment of Quality of Life as a Tool for Measuring Morbidity Due to Schistosoma mansoni Infection and the Impact of Treatment	Abudho, Bernard,Blackstock, Anna J.,Foo, Karen T.,Hightower, Allen W.,Karanja, Diana M. S.,Kennedy, Erin D.,Montgomery, Susan P.,Mwinzi, Pauline N. M.,Ochola, Elizabeth A.,Person, Bobbie,Secor, W. Evan,Won, Kimberly Y.	2014	AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE	90	2	10.4269/ajtmh.13-0361	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr	None	Recently, health measurements have broadened to include the assessment of quality of life (QOL). This study was conducted to assess whether the short form of the World Health Organization (WHO) QOL questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) was an effective tool for measuring morbidity due to Schistosoma mansoni infection and whether it could detect an impact of treatment with praziquantel. A total of 724 adults 18-85 years of age were enrolled. At baseline, S. mansoni prevalence was 73.2% by stool examination and 75.4% by circulating cathodic antigen, and there was no association between infection status and WHOQOL-BREF scores. Six months after treatment, S. mansoni prevalence was lower and the proportion of persons with higher WHOQOL-BREF scores significantly increased among persons who were infected at baseline. However, a similar increase was observed in persons not infected at baseline. In areas of high prevalence, the WHOQOL-BREF may not be able to detect the benefits of schistosomiasis control programs.	,"AGED CHILDREN",ANEMIA,CHEMOTHERAPY,DIAGNOSIS,"MASS TREATMENT",PRAZIQUANTEL,PREVALENCE,SCHOOLCHILDREN,"SOIL-TRANSMITTED HELMINTHS","WESTERN KENYA"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000339283500001	The impact of home-based HIV counseling and testing on care-seeking and incidence of common infectious disease syndromes in rural western Kenya	Ackers, Marta,Amolloh, Manase,Audi, Allan,Aura, Barrack,Bigogo, Godfrey,Breiman, Robert F.,Burton, Deron,Dalal, Warren,Feikin, Daniel R.,Laserson, Kayla F.	2014	BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES	14	None	10.1186/1471-2334-14-376	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr	None	Background: In much of Africa, most individuals living with HIV do not know their status. Home-based counseling and testing (HBCT) leads to more HIV-infected people learning their HIV status. However, there is little data on whether knowing one's HIV-positive status necessarily leads to uptake of HIV care, which could in turn, lead to a reduction in the prevalence of common infectious disease syndromes. Methods: In 2008, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) offered HBCT to individuals (aged &gt;= 13 years) under active surveillance for infectious disease syndromes in Lwak in rural western Kenya. HIV test results were linked to morbidity and healthcare-seeking data collected by field workers through bi-weekly home visits. We analyzed changes in healthcare seeking behaviors using proportions, and incidence (expressed as episodes per person-year) of acute respiratory illness (ARI), severe acute respiratory illness (SARI), acute febrile illness (AFI) and diarrhea among first-time HIV testers in the year before and after HBCT, stratified by their test result and if HIV-positive, whether they sought care at HIV Patient Support Centers (PSCs). Results: Of 9,613 individuals offered HBCT, 6,366 (66%) were first-time testers, 698 (11%) of whom were HIV-infected. One year after HBCT, 50% of HIV-infected persons had enrolled at PSCs - 92% of whom had started cotrimoxazole and 37% of those eligible for antiretroviral treatment had initiated therapy. Among HIV-infected persons enrolled in PSCs, AFI and diarrhea incidence decreased in the year after HBCT (rate ratio [RR] 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.77 - 0.91 and RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.73 - 0.98, respectively). Among HIV-infected persons not attending PSCs and among HIV-uninfected persons, decreases in incidence were significantly lower. While decreases also occurred in rates of respiratory illnesses among HIV-positive persons in care, there were similar decreases in the other two groups. Conclusions: Large scale HBCT enabled a large number of newly diagnosed HIV-infected persons to know their HIV status, leading to a change in care seeking behavior and ultimately a decrease in incidence of common infectious disease syndromes through appropriate treatment and care.	"healthcare seeking","Home based HIV counseling and testing","Infectious disease incidence",AFRICA,"ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",COTRIMOXAZOLE,FOLLOW-UP,HEALTH,"MORBIDITY SURVEILLANCE",MORTALITY,PROPHYLAXIS,TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE,"UGANDAN ADULTS"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000324777300033	A Qualitative Evaluation of Hand Drying Practices among Kenyans	Ogange, Lorraine,Owuor, Mercy,Person, Bobbie,Quick, Rob,Schilling, Katharine	2013	PLOS ONE	8	9	10.1371/journal.pone.0074370	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr	None	Background: Recommended disease prevention behaviors of hand washing, hygienic hand drying, and covering one's mouth and nose in a hygienic manner when coughing and sneezing appear to be simple behaviors but continue to be a challenge to successfully promote and sustain worldwide. We conducted a qualitative inquiry to better understand current hand drying behaviors associated with activities of daily living, and mouth and nose covering practices, among Kenyans. Methods and Findings: We conducted 7 focus group discussions; 30 in-depth interviews; 10 structured household observations; and 75 structured observations in public venues in the urban area of Kisumu; rural communities surrounding Kisumu; and a peri-urban area outside Nairobi, Kenya. Using a grounded theory approach, we transcribed and coded the narrative data followed by thematic analysis of the emergent themes. Hand drying, specifically on a clean towel, was not a common practice among our participants. Most women dried their hands on their waist cloth, called a leso, or their clothes whether they were cooking, eating or cleaning the nose of a young child. If men dried their hands, they used their trousers or a handkerchief. Children rarely dried their hands; they usually just wiped them on their clothes, shook them, or left them wet as they continued with their activities. Many people sneezed into their hands and wiped them on their clothes. Men and women used a handkerchief fairly often when they had a runny nose, cold, or the flu. Most people coughed into the air or their hand. Conclusions: Drying hands on dirty clothes, rags and lesos can compromise the benefits of handwashing. Coughing and sneezing in to an open hand can contribute to spread of disease as well. Understanding these practices can inform health promotion activities and campaigns for the prevention and control of diarrheal disease and influenza.	,DISEASE,HYGIENE,RISK,"SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000309795000003	Impact of a Hygiene Curriculum and the Installation of Simple Handwashing and Drinking Water Stations in Rural Kenyan Primary Schools on Student Health and Hygiene Practices	Faith, Sitnah Hamidah,Harris, Julie R.,Hoekstra, Robert M.,Juliao, Patricia,Kola, Steve,Nygren, Benjamin,Obure, Alfredo,Otieno, Ronald,Patel, Minal K.,Quick, Robert,Sadumah, Ibrahim,Were, Vincent	2012	AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE	87	4	10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0494	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, NICHE Project	None	School-based hygiene and water treatment programs increase student knowledge, improve hygiene, and decrease absenteeism, however health impact studies of these programs are lacking. We collected baseline information from students in 42 schools in Kenya. We then instituted a curriculum on safe water and hand hygiene and installed water stations in half ("intervention schools"). One year later, we implemented the intervention in remaining schools. Through biweekly student household visits and two annual surveys, we compared the effect of the intervention on hygiene practices and reported student illness. We saw improvement in proper handwashing techniques after the school program was introduced. We observed a decrease in the median percentage of students with acute respiratory illness among those exposed to the program; no decrease in acute diarrhea was seen. Students in this school program exhibited sustained improvement in hygiene knowledge and a decreased risk of respiratory infections after the intervention.	,CHILDREN,DIFFICULTIES,GUATEMALA,INTERVENTION,"NYANZA PROVINCE",PREVENTION,PROGRAM,PROMOTION,"SAFE WATER","WESTERN KENYA"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000323584700015	Kenya's Health Workforce Information System: A model of impact on strategic human resources policy, planning and management	Kimani, Francis M.,Kiriinya, Rose N.,Oluoch, Tom,Riley, Patricia L.,Waters, Keith P.,Waudo, Agnes N.,Willy, Rankesh M.,Zuber, Alexandra	2013	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INFORMATICS	82	9	10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2013.06.004	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Hlth Work Force Project, Minist Med Serv	None	Objective: Countries worldwide are challenged by health worker shortages, skill mix imbalances, and maldistribution. Human resources information systems (HRIS) are used to monitor and address these health workforce issues, but global understanding of such systems is minimal and baseline information regarding their scope and capability is practically non-existent. The Kenya Health Workforce Information System (KHWIS) has been identified as a promising example of a functioning HRIS. The objective of this paper is to document the impact of KHWIS data on human resources policy, planning and management. Methods: Sources for this study included semi-structured interviews with senior officials at Kenya's Ministry of Medical Services (MOMS), Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation (MOPHS), the Department of Nursing within MOMS, the Nursing Council of Kenya, Kenya Medical Practitioners and Dentists Board, Kenya's Clinical Officers Council, and Kenya Medical Laboratory Technicians and Technologists Board. Additionally, quantitative data were extracted from KHWIS databases to supplement the interviews. Health sector policy documents were retrieved from MOMS and MOPHS websites, and reviewed to assess whether they documented any changes to policy and practice as having been impacted by KHWIS data. Results: Interviews with Kenyan government and regulatory officials cited health workforce data provided by KHWIS influenced policy, regulation, and management. Policy changes include extension of Kenya's age of mandatory civil service retirement from 55 to 60 years. Data retrieved from KHWIS document increased relicensing of professional nurses, midwives, medical practitioners and dentists, and interviewees reported this improved compliance raised professional regulatory body revenues. The review of Government records revealed few references to KHWIS; however, documentation specifically cited the KHWIS as having improved the availability of human resources for health information regarding workforce planning, management, and development. Conclusion: KHWIS data have impacted a range of improvements in health worker regulation, human resources management, and workforce policy and planning at Kenya's ministries of health. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd	"global health","Human resources for health (HRH)","Human resources information system (HRIS)","MEDICAL INFORMATICS","nursing informatics","Workforce surveillance"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000300245500017	Economic Evaluation of a Child Health Days Strategy to Deliver Multiple Maternal and Child Health Interventions in Somalia	Durry, Elias,Everard, Marthe,Kamadjeu, Raoul,Mirza, Imran Raza,Nandy, Robin,Vijayaraghavan, Maya,Wallace, Aaron	2012	JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES	205	None	10.1093/infdis/jir772	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, United Nations Childrens Fund, World Hlth Org Somalia Liaison Off	None	Introduction. Child Health Days (CHDs) are increasingly used by countries to periodically deliver multiple maternal and child health interventions as time-limited events, particularly to populations not reached by routine health services. In countries with a weak health infrastructure, this strategy could be used to reach many underserved populations with an integrated package of services. In this study, we estimate the incremental costs, impact, cost-effectiveness, and return on investment of 2 rounds of CHDs that were conducted in Somalia in 2009 and 2010. Methods. We use program costs and population estimates reported by the World Health Organization and United Nations Children's Fund to estimate the average cost per beneficiary for each of 9 interventions delivered during 2 rounds of CHDs implemented during the periods of December 2008 to May 2009 and August 2009 to April 2010. Because unstable areas were unreachable, we calculated costs for targeted and accessible beneficiaries. We model the impact of the CHDs on child mortality using the Lives Saved Tool, convert these estimates of mortality reduction to life years saved, and derive the cost-effectiveness ratio and the return on investment. Results. The estimated average incremental cost per intervention for each targeted beneficiary was $0.63, with the cost increasing to $0.77 per accessible beneficiary. The CHDs were estimated to save the lives of at least 10 000, or 500 000 life years for both rounds combined. The CHDs were cost-effective at $34.00/life year saved. For every $1 million invested in the strategy, an estimated 615 children's lives, or 29 500 life years, were saved. If the pentavalent vaccine had been delivered during the CHDs instead of diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccine, an additional 5000 children's lives could have been saved. Conclusions. Despite high operational costs, CHDs are a very cost-effective service delivery strategy for addressing the leading causes of child mortality in a conflict setting like Somalia and compare favorably with other interventions rated as health sector "best buys" in sub-Saharan Africa.	,COST,EPIDEMIOLOGY,MORTALITY	None	None
WoS	WOS:000282408400001	Bed net ownership in Kenya: the impact of 3.4 million free bed nets	Akhwale, Willis,Buluma, Robert,Hamel, Mary,Hightower, Allen,Kiptui, Rebecca,Laserson, Kayla,Manya, Ayub,Noor, Abdisalan,Sharif, Shahnaz K.,Slutsker, Laurence,Vanden Eng, Jodi Leigh,Vulule, John,Wolkon, Adam	2010	MALARIA JOURNAL	9	None	10.1186/1475-2875-9-183	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kenya Natl Bur Stat, KNH Grounds, Off Director Publ Hlth & Sanitat	None	Background: In July and September 2006, 3.4 million long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets (LLINs) were distributed free in a campaign targeting children 0-59 months old (CU5s) in the 46 districts with malaria in Kenya. A survey was conducted one month after the distribution to evaluate who received campaign LLINs, who owned insecticide-treated bed nets and other bed nets received through other channels, and how these nets were being used. The feasibility of a distribution strategy aimed at a high-risk target group to meet bed net ownership and usage targets is evaluated. Methods: A stratified, two-stage cluster survey sampled districts and enumeration areas with probability proportional to size. Handheld computers (PDAs) with attached global positioning systems (GPS) were used to develop the sampling frame, guide interviewers back to chosen households, and collect survey data. Results: In targeted areas, 67.5% (95% CI: 64.6, 70.3%) of all households with CU5s received campaign LLINs. Including previously owned nets, 74.4% (95% CI: 71.8, 77.0%) of all households with CU5s had an ITN. Over half of CU5s (51.7%, 95% CI: 48.8, 54.7%) slept under an ITN during the previous evening. Nearly forty percent (39.1%) of all households received a campaign net, elevating overall household ownership of ITNs to 50.7% (95% CI: 48.4, 52.9%). Conclusions: The campaign was successful in reaching the target population, families with CU5s, the risk group most vulnerable to malaria. Targeted distribution strategies will help Kenya approach indicator targets, but will need to be combined with other strategies to achieve desired population coverage levels.	,CHILD-MORTALITY,COVERAGE,"INSECTICIDE-TREATED BEDNETS",MALARIA,MORBIDITY,PROGRAM,"WESTERN KENYA"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78649787047	Evaluation of the content validity, internal consistency and stability of an instrument designed to assess the HIV/AIDS knowledge of University Students	Balogun J.A., Aniona T.C., Lukobo-Durrell M., Adefuye A., Amosun S., Frantz J., Yakut Y.	2010	Education for Health: Change in Learning and Practice	23	3	None	College of Health Sciences, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, United States; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa; Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey	Balogun, J.A., College of Health Sciences, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, United States; Aniona, T.C., College of Health Sciences, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, United States; Lukobo-Durrell, M., College of Health Sciences, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, United States; Adefuye, A., College of Health Sciences, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, United States; Amosun, S., Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Frantz, J., Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa; Yakut, Y., Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey	Objective: This study evaluated the content validity, internal consistency and stability of a questionnaire designed to assess the HIV/AIDS knowledge of young adults. Methods: The questionnaire was administered on two occasions, within two week intervals, to 219 university students in the USA (n=66), Turkey (n=53) and South Africa (n=100). The psychometric instrument contained demographic information questions and 45 knowledge questions regarding the HIV virus, ways of transmitting it, symptoms of HIV/AIDS infection and methods of prevention. Factor analysis was conducted to assess construct validity; Cronbach alphas and Pearson's product moment correlation (r) were calculated to evaluate internal consistency and stability, respectively. Results: The 45 knowledge questions produced a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (measure of sampling adequacy) value of 0.8133 and loaded on three factors with an overall Cronbach's alpha of 0.861. The r for the individual knowledge question was greater than 0.50 and the overall knowledge score was "almost perfect" (0.91; p<.001). For participating students from the USA, Turkey and South Africa, their r for the overall knowledge score was 0.80 (p<.001), 0.83 (p<.001) and 0.93 (p<.001), respectively. Conclusions: Our findings revealed that the instrument is highly stable and internally consistent. The availability of this instrument may enhance HIV intervention studies internationally. © JA Balogun, TC Aniona, M Lukobo-Durrell, A Adefuye, S Amosun, J Frantz, Y Yakut, 2010.	Evaluation; HIV/AIDS; Knowledge; Psychometric instrument; University students; Young adults	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84927730810	Evaluation of Irrigated Bird’s Eye Chilli Pepper Adaptability Under Tropical Conditions	Inusah B.I.Y., Dogbe W., Abudulai M., Maxwell Prince E., Haruna M., Mawunya M.	2015	International Journal of Vegetable Science	21	2	10.1080/19315260.2013.840712	Council for Scientific and Industrial Research–Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (CSIR-SARI), Nyankpala, Tamale, Ghana	Inusah, B.I.Y., Council for Scientific and Industrial Research–Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (CSIR-SARI), Nyankpala, Tamale, Ghana; Dogbe, W., Council for Scientific and Industrial Research–Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (CSIR-SARI), Nyankpala, Tamale, Ghana; Abudulai, M., Council for Scientific and Industrial Research–Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (CSIR-SARI), Nyankpala, Tamale, Ghana; Maxwell Prince, E., Council for Scientific and Industrial Research–Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (CSIR-SARI), Nyankpala, Tamale, Ghana; Haruna, M., Council for Scientific and Industrial Research–Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (CSIR-SARI), Nyankpala, Tamale, Ghana; Mawunya, M., Council for Scientific and Industrial Research–Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (CSIR-SARI), Nyankpala, Tamale, Ghana	Production of Bird’s eye chillies (Capsicum annuum L) under tropical conditions presents a unique opportunity for small farmers to improve income. A study in 2010 and 2011 evaluated the performance of irrigated, improved Bird’s eye chilli (BEC), cvs. Demon, UHP281 70, UHP226 94, and UHP296 92, with ‘Shito Adope’, for growth, adaptability, yield, and marketability. The cultivars are categorized as being early (‘UHP281 70’ and ‘Shito Adope’), medium (‘UHP226 94’ and ‘Demon’), and late maturing (‘UHP296 92’). The UHP series had the best yield (average 12.47 Mt·ha−1). The best choice for crop performance and dried fruit quality/brightness and perceived marketability was ‘UHP281 70’ followed by ‘UHP226 94’. Economic analysis indicated that ‘UHP296 92’ had the highest total variable cost. It also had the highest marginal rate of returns (217%). It is possible to increase options for small-, medium-, and large-scale chilli pepper farmers regarding choice of superior Bird’s eye chilli peppers. © , Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.	Adaptability; Capsicum annuum; Ghana; Price; Tropical conditions	None	None
WoS	WOS:000345430400001	Toward utilization of data for program management and evaluation: quality assessment of five years of health management information system data in Rwanda	Amoroso, Cheryl,Basinga, Paulin,Binagwaho, Agnes,Gaju, Eric,Gashayija, Modeste,Hedt-Gauthier, Bethany,Hirschhorn, Lisa R.,Iyer, Hari S.,Muhire, Andrew,Nisingizwe, Marie Paul,Rubyutsa, Eric,Wilson, Randy	2014	GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION	7	None	10.3402/gha.v7.25829	Dartmouth College, Gates Foundation, Harvard University, University of Rwanda, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Minist Hlth, Partners In Hlth, Partners In Hlth Inshuti Mu Buzima	"Basinga, Paulin: Gates Foundation",	Background: Health data can be useful for effective service delivery, decision making, and evaluating existing programs in order to maintain high quality of healthcare. Studies have shown variability in data quality from national health management information systems (HMISs) in sub-Saharan Africa which threatens utility of these data as a tool to improve health systems. The purpose of this study is to assess the quality of Rwanda's HMIS data over a 5-year period. Methods: The World Health Organization (WHO) data quality report card framework was used to assess the quality of HMIS data captured from 2008 to 2012 and is a census of all 495 publicly funded health facilities in Rwanda. Factors assessed included completeness and internal consistency of 10 indicators selected based on WHO recommendations and priority areas for the Rwanda national health sector. Completeness was measured as percentage of non-missing reports. Consistency was measured as the absence of extreme outliers, internal consistency between related indicators, and consistency of indicators over time. These assessments were done at the district and national level. Results: Nationally, the average monthly district reporting completeness rate was 98% across 10 key indicators from 2008 to 2012. Completeness of indicator data increased over time: 2008, 88%; 2009, 91%; 2010, 89%; 2011, 90%; and 2012, 95% (p&lt;B0.0001). Comparing 2011 and 2012 health events to the mean of the three preceding years, service output increased from 3% (2011) to 9% (2012). Eighty-three percent of districts reported ratios between related indicators (ANC/DTP1, DTP1/DTP3) consistent with HMIS national ratios. Conclusion and policy implications: Our findings suggest that HMIS data quality in Rwanda has been improving over time. We recommend maintaining these assessments to identify remaining gaps in data quality and that results are shared publicly to support increased use of HMIS data.	"DATA QUALITY","data use","global health","health management information system","QUALITY IMPROVEMENT",RWANDA,CHALLENGES,DISTRICT,"IMMUNIZATION DATA",IMPLEMENTATION,INNOVATIONS,MALAWI,MOZAMBIQUE,SOUTH-AFRICA	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956753224	Research and Reflection: Potential Impact on the Professional Development of Undergraduate Occupational Therapy Students	du Toit S.H.J., Wilkinson A.C.	2010	Systemic Practice and Action Research	23	5	10.1007/s11213-010-9165-5	Department Occupational Therapy (G44), School for Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Centre for Higher Education Studies and Development, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	du Toit, S.H.J., Department Occupational Therapy (G44), School for Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Wilkinson, A.C., Centre for Higher Education Studies and Development, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	In occupational therapy education in South Africa, community service (CS) focuses learning opportunities during fieldwork placements. CS therefore enabled the researcher to utilise successive small scale research projects to guide learning of students during fieldwork while simultaneously developing the occupational therapy service at a residential care facility. This community setting provided a powerful environment through which research, in combination with opportunities for reflection, contributed to nurturing skills needed by these future health professionals. A technical action research (AR) approach incorporated AR cycles and opportunities for structured reflection. Therefore situations were created for the students to embrace experiential learning. Experiential learning in the form of anticipatory reflection, reflection-in-action, reflection on reflection and retrospective reflection impacted on the quality of the students' work. Besides encouraging unique leaning opportunities for students when engaging in research during their fieldwork placement, engagement in AR cycles simultaneously improved service delivery to residents in the facility. Key benefits of this investigation were that fieldwork education utilising AR cycles within a CS situation promoted students to identify voids in their theoretical background as well as practice skills; to apply reflective practice that could contribute to their personal and professional development; and to utilize learning opportunities optimally. Despite positive gains showed by this study, the role of power relations between the researcher as fieldwork educator and the students prohibited the AR cycles from being more emancipatory in nature and should be addressed in follow-up studies. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.	Action research cycle approach; Community service; Experiential learning; Occupational therapy undergraduate training; Small scale research projects	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900388272	Impact of accounting skills on entrepreneurship education for self-reliance and sustainable development: A study of selected small scale business in Owerri municipal Imo state	Nwaigburu K.O., Eneogwe V.N.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	16 SPEC.ISSUE	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n16p81	Department Of Accountancy, Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Eduction, Owerri-Imo State, Nigeria; Department Of Business Education, National Open University of Nigeria, Lagos, Nigeria	Nwaigburu, K.O., Department Of Accountancy, Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Eduction, Owerri-Imo State, Nigeria; Eneogwe, V.N., Department Of Business Education, National Open University of Nigeria, Lagos, Nigeria	Accounting skill was found to be contributory to entrepreneurial performance and as such entrepreneurs are advised to embark on capacity building in accounting skill in the area of financial management and record keeping. Entrepreneurs are agents and drivers of development in most economies of the world including Nigeria. The entrepreneur establishes his presence through the formation of a small and medium scale enterprise (SME). Accounting on its part, is of great importance to the development of small and medium scale enterprises. Arguably, accounting is the core academic discipline that aids the entrepreneurial drive given the popular opinion that is the language of business. The objectives of this study is to examine the role of accounting on entrepreneurship education for self- reliance and sustainable development in Nigeria. The study considered the accounting profession and the major role it plays in entrepreneurship development. It is the submission of the authors that entrepreneurs with basic accounting knowledge and entrepreneurial skills stand better chances of becoming self- reliant and attaining business success. The paper recommends among other things that government should remove those obstacles that militate against entrepreneurial development in Nigeria.	Accounting skill; Entrepreneurship education; Self - Reliance and sustainability; Small-scale business	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907352472	Insight into egg weight and its impact on chick hatch-weight, hatchability and subsequent growth indices in chickens- A review	Mbajiorgu C.A., Ramaphala N.O.	2014	Indian Journal of Animal Research	48	3	10.5958/j.0976-0555.48.3.044	Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida 1710, Johannesburg, South Africa	Mbajiorgu, C.A., Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida 1710, Johannesburg, South Africa; Ramaphala, N.O., Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida 1710, Johannesburg, South Africa	This paper reviews the influence of egg weight on chick-hatch weight, hatchability potentials and subsequent growth indices in chickens. Though the spectrum of factors that affect chick-hatchweight, hatchability potentials and subsequent growth indices in chickens is broad, however, increased interest in this concept is attributed to conflicting evidence in the literature indicating that performance in chickens in terms of chick-hatch weight, hatchability and subsequent growth indices in chickens may be closely related to the weight of the eggs and not by the hatcheries ability to effectively hatch eggs per se. This conflicting evidence in effect, creates a questionable atmosphere for chicken farmers as they are not appropriately guided on the influence of egg weight on chick-hatch weight, hatchability and subsequent growth indices in chicken. Often, the negative effect of this lack of proper guidance manifests itself in the farmer's inability to maintain a uniform chick-hatch weight and hatchability values in their poultry farms especially in rural farming communities. This becomes an important factor creating variability at slaughter age. However, based on re-evaluation of numerous research data, it is concluded that hatchability, post-hatch performance in terms of chick-hatch weight and growth parameters in chickens is influenced by egg weight when all other non-genetic factors are kept under control. This influence is breed or strain specific because chick-hatch weight and hatchability are interrelated heritable traits that vary among breeds, variety or individuals in a breed or variety. Thus, because of the important implications of these differences, sorting of eggs by weight prior to incubation might be advantageous in optimizing productivity of any chicken breed and in particular, help to minimize the variability at slaughtering age often observed in many poultry farms.	Egg weight; Past-hatch performance; Poultry hatchability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84869847802	Impact of redshift information on cosmological applications with next-generation radio surveys	Camera S., Santos M.G., Bacon D.J., Jarvis M.J., Mcalpine K., Norris R.P., Raccanelli A., Röttgering H.	2012	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society	427	3	10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22073.x	CENTRA, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Dennis Sciama Building, Portsmouth, P01 3FX, United Kingdom; Centre for Astrophysics Research, STRI, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, United Kingdom; Department of Physics, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa; Department of Physics and Electronics, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6139, South Africa; CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Australia Telescope National Facility, PO Box 76, NSW 1710 Epping, Australia; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91109, United States; California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, United States; Leiden Observatory, University of Leiden, Leiden NL-2300 RA, Netherlands	Camera, S., CENTRA, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Santos, M.G., CENTRA, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Bacon, D.J., Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Dennis Sciama Building, Portsmouth, P01 3FX, United Kingdom; Jarvis, M.J., Centre for Astrophysics Research, STRI, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, United Kingdom, Department of Physics, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa; Mcalpine, K., Department of Physics and Electronics, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6139, South Africa; Norris, R.P., CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Australia Telescope National Facility, PO Box 76, NSW 1710 Epping, Australia; Raccanelli, A., Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91109, United States, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, United States; Röttgering, H., Leiden Observatory, University of Leiden, Leiden NL-2300 RA, Netherlands	In this paper, we explore how the forthcoming generation of large-scale radio continuum surveys, with the inclusion of some degree of redshift information, can constrain cosmological parameters. By cross-matching these radio surveys with shallow optical to near-infrared surveys, we can essentially separate the source distribution into a low- and a high-redshift sample, thus providing a constraint on the evolution of cosmological parameters such as those related to dark energy. We examine two radio surveys, the Evolutionary Map of the Universe (EMU) and the Westerbork Observations of the Deep APERTIF Northern sky (WODAN). A crucial advantage is their combined potential to provide a deep, full-sky survey. The surveys used for the cross-identifications are SkyMapper and Sloan Digital Sky Survey, for the southern and northern skies, respectively. We concentrate on the galaxy clustering angular power spectrum as our benchmark observable, and find that the possibility of including such low-redshift information yields major improvements in the determination of cosmological parameters. With this approach, and provided a good knowledge of the galaxy bias evolution, we are able to put strict constraints on the dark energy parameters, i.e. w 0 = -0.9 ± 0.041 and w a = -0.24 ± 0.13, with Type Ia supernovae and cosmic microwave background priors (with a one-parameter bias in this case); this corresponds to a Figure of Merit (FoM) &gt;600, which is twice better than what is obtained by using only the cross-identified sources and greater than four time better than the case without any redshift information at all. © 2012 The Authors Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society © 2012 RAS.	Cosmological parameters; Cosmology: observations; Large-scale structure of universe; Radio continuum: galaxies	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873440926	Impact of financial development on manufacturing output: The Nigerian evidence	Ekor M., Adeniyi O.	2012	Economics Bulletin	32	3	None	Centre for the Study of the Economies of Africa (CSEA), South Africa	Ekor, M., Centre for the Study of the Economies of Africa (CSEA), South Africa; Adeniyi, O., Centre for the Study of the Economies of Africa (CSEA), South Africa	This study examined the influence of financial deepening on manufacturing output in Nigeria, Using the vector autoregression (VAR) based Johansen cointegration technique and an eventual least squares (OLS) estimator on annual data spanning 1970 to 2010. we find insignificant coefficients for credit to the manufacturing sector, banking efficiency and the non-oil trade balance. This suggests a fundamental disconnect between the real and financial sectors of the Nigerian economy. Policymakers should therefore innovate with productivity enhancing reforms which are better tailored to the needs of the manufacturing sector. This should work to boost growth prospects for the aggregate economy.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000304490600006	A longitudinal evaluation of religiosity and psychosocial determinants of suicidal behaviors among a population-based sample in the United States	Agbanu, Harry L. K.,Agbanu, Samuel Kwami,Diedhiou, Abdoulaye,Nkansah-Amankra, Stephen,Opoku-Adomako, Nana Serwaa,Twumasi-Ankrah, Philip	2012	JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS	139	1	10.1016/j.jad.2011.12.027	Central Michigan University, University of Ghana, University of Kansas, University of Kansas Medical Center, University of South Carolina, University of South Carolina Columbia, University of South Carolina System, IntraHlth Int, Somerset Christian Coll	"Agbanu, Harry L. K.: University of Ghana","Nkansah-Amankra, Stephen: Central Michigan University","Opoku-Adomako, Nana Serwaa: Central Michigan University","Twumasi-Ankrah, Philip: University of Kansas","Twumasi-Ankrah, Philip: University of Kansas Medical Center",	Background: Relationships among religiosity and other psychosocial factors in determining suicidal behaviors in adolescence and in emerging adulthood have been inconclusive. We sought to investigate prospective relationships among religiosity, psychosocial factors and suicidal behaviors using a nationally representative sample of adolescents emerging into adulthood. Method: Analysis was based on 9412 respondents from four waves of National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. A Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) procedure was used to fit a series of models on the response variable (suicidal behaviors) and a set of psychosocial and religiosity predictors taking into account the correlated structure of the datasets. Results: Analyses showed that adolescent suicidality and religious activity participation showed significant declines over time. Using multinomial logistic regression we found that females showed statistically significant risks of suicidal behaviors, but this effect declined in adulthood. In adjusted models, baseline attendance of a church weekly was associated with 42% reduction (95% Confidence Interval: 0.35-0.98) of suicide ideation in Wave III. Across all waves, low support from fathers (compared with mothers) consistently explained variability in suicidal behaviors among genders emerging into adulthood. Limitations: Accurate measurement of religiosity is psychometrically challenging. Conclusions: The findings of the study indicate that religious activity participation is associated with reduced suicidal behaviors among adolescents but this effect declines during emerging adulthood. Psychosocial supports particularly from fathers' have an enduring impact on reduced suicidal behaviors among adolescents and emerging adults. Prevention, identification and evaluation of disorders of suicidality need a careful assessment of underlying mental pain (psyache) to reduce the likelihood of aggravated suicide. Published by Elsevier B.V.	"Private religiosity","Public religiosity",SPIRITUALITY,"SUICIDAL BEHAVIORS","AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS",DEPRESSION,DEVELOPMENTAL-TRENDS,GENDER-DIFFERENCES,INVOLVEMENT,MENTAL-HEALTH,"OLDER DUTCH CITIZENS",SELF-ESTEEM,SPIRITUALITY,"YOUNG ADULTHOOD"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84878275810	A process evaluation of a capacity-building project for comprehensive HIV/AIDS management in Nkonkobe local municipality, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa	Chipunza C., Nyawasha T.S.	2013	Anthropologist	15	3	None	Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa; University of Limpopo, Department of Sociology, South Africa	Chipunza, C., Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa; Nyawasha, T.S., University of Limpopo, Department of Sociology, South Africa	South Africa has put in place policies to curb the HIV and AIDS pandemic and adopted the multi-sectoral approach to effectively implement the policies and manage the scourge in terms of prevention, treatment, care and support. However, the implementation of the policies has been hampered by lack of human capacity. This article focuses on the results of a process or implementation evaluation of a capacity-building project in the management of HIV and AIDS in one of South Africa's local municipalities. The intention of the researchers were twofold: (1) to provide a picture of important observations about the project in terms of delivery in line with the original plan, reaching targeted population, as well as frequency and adequacy of project activities (2) to draw up lessons that can be used to improve HIV and AIDS policy implementation through projects. Using interviews and corroborating them with, observations and documents, the process evaluation exercise focused on two levels of analysis, that is, the programme staff and their provincial partners, and the project's intended beneficiaries. The results of the evaluation showed a high level of fidelity implementation, reach and dose. The study highlights the lessons learnt in contributing to a co-ordinated and, participatory and vibrant response to HIV and AIDS management. It draws a number of recommendations for future policy and practices based on the project's experience. © Kamla-Raj 2013.	Dose; Empowerment; Fidelity; Participation; Reach	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84860282569	Techno-economic evaluation of a micro-hydropower plant for rural electrification in South Africa	Kusakana K., Munda J.L., Jimoh A.A., Monchusi B.B.	2011	International Review on Modelling and Simulations	4	5	None	Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa	Kusakana, K., Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Munda, J.L., Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Jimoh, A.A., Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Monchusi, B.B., Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa	This study investigated the techno-economic viability of micro-hydropower generation in the electrification of a rural area in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The proposed scheme is composed of a squirrel cage induction machine running as a generator and directly coupled to a Kaplan hydro-turbine. Mathematical models were developed and simulations performed using MATLAB/SIMULINK software to highlight the characteristics of the output power supplied to consumers for varying water flow rate. A small-scale experimental model based on a DC machine as a turbine driving a self-excited induction generator was developed to validate the designed model. Economic and environment analyses were performed using HOMER software to assess the possibility of using the proposed stand-alone micro-hydropower system for low-cost electricity production and supply for the specific site. The MATLAB/SIMULINK model developed and the laboratory experiments demonstrated the technical viability of using a Kaplan turbine and a self-excited induction generator in micro-hydropower generation. The economic and environmental results highlight the cost-effectiveness character and the reduction of gas pollutant emissions achieved by the plant. The micro-hydropower plant is a technically and economically viable and environmentally friendly means for rural electrification. © 2011 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved.	Micro-Hydropower; Rural Power Supply; Techno-Economic Analysis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900434995	The impact of in-service training on computer application educators: Challenges experienced and skills acquired	Bihi J.K., Selesho J.M.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	7	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n7p411	Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa	Bihi, J.K., Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Selesho, J.M., Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa	It is generally believed that Information Communication Technologies through the use of Computer Applications Technology can extend knowledge and education to poor and marginalised people in South Africa. However, African countries still face many challenges in trying to provide appropriate and sustainable solutions for improving education and skills that will support the development of educators in all communities; this can be viewed in light of the millennium developmental goal. Thus the Department of Education put measures in place to bridge the gap in knowledge, skills and understanding of Computer Application Technology (CAT) educators through the provision of in-service training (INSET) programs. The research study was aimed at investigating challenges that CAT educators were experiencing in their classrooms in Secondary Schools in the Free State province. The study made use of a survey and an evaluation research design. The target population for this study was all Further Education and Training (FET) Phase educators in all secondary schools in the Free State Province. A selfconstructed questionnaire was used to collect qualitative data. The study revealed that the INSET program still needs to improve on its content relevance to syllabus and it should provide educators with skills in dealing with the challenge of teaching learners with disabilities. The majority of educators were satisfied with the INSET program as they indicated that it assisted in enhancing their skills and content knowledge; they further indicated that it gave them motivation to go into classrooms and teach. That the study did achieve its goal which was to assess the impact of INSET programs for CAT educators in the Motheo District, Free State province.	Challenges; Computer application; Educators; Experiences; Impact	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84917672855	The impact of hiv/aids on school enrolment as a variable for future projection and in the rationale for physical resource provisioning and prioritization	Joseph M.R., Petrus R.M.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	27	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n27p1264	Central University of Technology, South Africa	Joseph, M.R., Central University of Technology, South Africa; Petrus, R.M., Central University of Technology, South Africa	The impact of HIV/AIDS cuts across all sectors of economic activities and social life for example, it not only reduces the stock of human capital but also the capacity to maintain. It leaves children without parents, learners without teachers, Children end up been child headed in the families, affect families emotional and makes government poor. The required turnover of many hunted after skills and training like engineers, doctors, teachers, artisans and others. In the educational sphere, it leads to among other things a decrease in potential clientele for education resources. The workforce, its impact increases expenditure on the one hand and decreases productivity on the other. In fact, economists imagine that even when unemployment rates are high, retirement and death of a large number of skilled and unskilled workers will cause an increase in wages. © 2014, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All right reserved.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84886261567	Non-linear feeding functional responses in the Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) predict immediate negative impact of wetland degradation on this flagship species	Deville A.-S., Grémillet D., Gauthier-Clerc M., Guillemain M., Von Houwald F., Gardelli B., Béchet A.	2013	Ecology and Evolution	3	5	10.1002/ece3.554	Centre de recherche de la Tour du Valat, Le Sambuc, 13200 Arles, France; Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, CNRS UMR 5175, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier cedex 5, France; FitzPatrick Institute, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Departement Chrono-Environnement, UMR UFC/CNRS 6249 USC INRA, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France; Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, CNERA Avifaune Migratrice, La Tour du Valat, Le Sambuc, F-13200 Arles, France; Basel zoo, Bachlettenstrasse 75, 4054 Basel, Switzerland	Deville, A.-S., Centre de recherche de la Tour du Valat, Le Sambuc, 13200 Arles, France, Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, CNRS UMR 5175, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier cedex 5, France; Grémillet, D., Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, CNRS UMR 5175, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier cedex 5, France, FitzPatrick Institute, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Gauthier-Clerc, M., Centre de recherche de la Tour du Valat, Le Sambuc, 13200 Arles, France, Departement Chrono-Environnement, UMR UFC/CNRS 6249 USC INRA, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France; Guillemain, M., Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, CNERA Avifaune Migratrice, La Tour du Valat, Le Sambuc, F-13200 Arles, France; Von Houwald, F., Basel zoo, Bachlettenstrasse 75, 4054 Basel, Switzerland; Gardelli, B., Basel zoo, Bachlettenstrasse 75, 4054 Basel, Switzerland; Béchet, A., Centre de recherche de la Tour du Valat, Le Sambuc, 13200 Arles, France	Accurate knowledge of the functional response of predators to prey density is essential for understanding food web dynamics, to parameterize mechanistic models of animal responses to environmental change, and for designing appropriate conservation measures. Greater flamingos (Phoenicopterus roseus), a flagship species of Mediterranean wetlands, primarily feed on Artemias (Artemia spp.) in commercial salt pans, an industry which may collapse for economic reasons. Flamingos also feed on alternative prey such as Chironomid larvae (e.g., Chironomid spp.) and rice seeds (Oryza sativa). However, the profitability of these food items for flamingos remains unknown. We determined the functional responses of flamingos feeding on Artemias, Chironomids, or rice. Experiments were conducted on 11 captive flamingos. For each food item, we offered different ranges of food densities, up to 13 times natural abundance. Video footage allowed estimating intake rates. Contrary to theoretical predictions for filter feeders, intake rates did not increase linearly with increasing food density (type I). Intake rates rather increased asymptotically with increasing food density (type II) or followed a sigmoid shape (type III). Hence, flamingos were not able to ingest food in direct proportion to their abundance, possibly because of unique bill structure resulting in limited filtering capabilities. Overall, flamingos foraged more efficiently on Artemias. When feeding on Chironomids, birds had lower instantaneous rates of food discovery and required more time to extract food from the sediment and ingest it, than when filtering Artemias from the water column. However, feeding on rice was energetically more profitable for flamingos than feeding on Artemias or Chironomids, explaining their attraction for rice fields. Crucially, we found that food densities required for flamingos to reach asymptotic intake rates are rarely met under natural conditions. This allows us to predict an immediate negative effect of any decrease in prey density upon flamingo foraging performance. © 2013 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.	Artemia spp; Attack rate; Conservation; Filter feeder; Food intake rate; Handling time; Salt pans	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84887380198	Performance of first-year accounting students: Does time perspective matter? [Prestasie van eerstjaarsrekeningkundestudente: Speel tydsperspektief 'n rol?]	Joubert H., Viljoen M., Schall R.	2013	Acta Academica	45	3	None	Centre for Accounting, South Africa; University of the Free State, P O Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Dept of Mathematical Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of the Free State, P O Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa	Joubert, H., Centre for Accounting, South Africa; Viljoen, M., University of the Free State, P O Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Schall, R., Dept of Mathematical Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of the Free State, P O Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa	Academic failure of first-year accounting students is a national and international problem. Existing research is inconclusive regarding the causes for the failure and does not make provision for the possible influence of dominant time perspectives on performance in accounting. This article investigates whether time perspective has an effect on the performance of first-year accounting students. A quantitative non-experimental predictive multivariate design is used and confounding variables are taken into consideration. The results of the study indicate significant relationships between performance in first-year accounting and gender, age and a past-negative time perspective. The most significant result of this study is that a past-negative time perspective, together with an unfavourable psychosocial background, might have led to failure in first-year accounting. It is suggested that students with a negative time perspective be identified and encouraged to participate in support programmes at the university. © UV/UFS.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33745726656	Modelling the demographic impact of HIV/AIDS in South Africa and the likely impact of interventions	Johnson L.F., Dorrington R.E.	2006	Demographic Research	14	None	10.4054/DemRes.2006.14.22	Centre for Actuarial Research, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa	Johnson, L.F., Centre for Actuarial Research, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Dorrington, R.E., Centre for Actuarial Research, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa	This paper describes an approach to incorporating the impact of HIV/AIDS and the effects of HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment programmes into a cohort component projection model of the South African population. The modelled HIV-positive population is divided into clinical and treatment stages, and it is demonstrated that the age profile and morbidity profile of the HIV-positive population is changing significantly over time. HIV/AIDS is projected to have a substantial demographic impact in South Africa. Prevention programmes - social marketing, voluntary counselling and testing, prevention of mother-to-child transmission and improved treatment for sexually transmitted diseases - are unlikely to reduce AIDS mortality significantly in the short term. However, more immediate reductions in mortality can be achieved when antiretroviral treatment is introduced. © 2006 Max-Planck-Gesellschaft.	Antiretroviral treatment; Demographic impact; HIV/AIDS prevention; Simulation model; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84878843393	Evaluation of fatty acids and physicochemical characteristics of six varieties of bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea L. Verde) seed oils	Aremu M.O., Mamman S., Olonisakin A.	2013	Rivista Italiana delle Sostanze Grasse	90	2	None	Department of Chemistry, Nasarawa State University, PMB1022, Keffi, Nigeria; Department of Chemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Nigeria	Aremu, M.O., Department of Chemistry, Nasarawa State University, PMB1022, Keffi, Nigeria; Mamman, S., Department of Chemistry, Nasarawa State University, PMB1022, Keffi, Nigeria; Olonisakin, A., Department of Chemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Nigeria	A study was conducted to determine the suitability of six varieties of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verde) seed oils, an under-utilized crop grown in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. For this purpose, fatty acid composition of six different seed colours of bambara groundnut was determined using standard analytical techniques. The most concentrated fatty acids were oleic acid (17.54-18.49%) < palmitic acid (21.79-23.27%) < linoleic acid (34.04-35.62%). Arachidic and behenic acids were present in small quantities with none of them recording up to 1.0% in any of the samples. Caprylic, palmitoleic, margarle, capric, lauric, myristic, arachidonic, erucic and lignoceric acids were all determined but not detected. Unsaturated fatty acids predominated in all the samples with an adequate amount of essential fatty acid (linoleic and linolenic acids). Significant differences were observed (p < 0.05) in the fatty acid compositions among the bambara groundnut dehulled seed cultivars. The results of physicochemical properties of bambara groundnut varieties seed oils showed mean range values of the following parameters: saponifications value (174.80-181.02 mg KOH/g); peroxide value (9.10-11.05 meq02/kg); iodine value (111.98-122.22 mg of 1/100g); acid value (1.28-1.40 mg KOH/g); specific gravity at 25°C (0.874-0.881); unsaponifiable matter (2.39-2.47%); flash point (210-220°C); kinetic viscosity at 40°C (2.95-4.94). Generally, the values of the physicochemical parameters showed that the oils may be useful as edible oils due to their stability as frying oils and may also be useful industrially for the manufacture of products such as paints, liquid soaps and shampoos.	Fatty acids; Physicochemical parameters; Seed oils; Vigna subterranea	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84876317667	The impact of the EU generalized system of preferences on exports and GSP utilization by Asian and Latin American countries	Cuyvers L., Soeng R.	2013	Journal of International Trade Law and Policy	12	1	10.1108/14770021311312511	Centre for ASEAN Studies, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Centre for Regional Integration Studies, United Nations University, Bruges, Belgium; North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; National University of Management, Phnom Penh, Cambodia	Cuyvers, L., Centre for ASEAN Studies, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium, Centre for Regional Integration Studies, United Nations University, Bruges, Belgium, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Soeng, R., Centre for ASEAN Studies, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium, National University of Management, Phnom Penh, Cambodia	Purpose - The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of changes in the Generalized System of Preferences of the European Union, on the EU GSP imports from beneficiary countries in ASEAN and China, and Latin America, respectively, and the utilization of GSP benefits by these countries for the period 1994-2007. Design/methodology/approach - The econometric model specifications used is with unlagged and one year lagged reactions. GSP dummy variables are added in order to test whether the changes in the EU GSP has had impact on bilateral trade flows and the degree of utilization. Findings - The paper finds that EU GSP agricultural imports are negatively affected by the changes in the EU GSP system, but these of industrial products seem to have positively reacted to changes in the EU GSP. For imports of textile products, the results are not significant. It is also found that ASEAN plus China are significantly benefiting more from the EU GSP for industrial and textile products than the Latin American countries, but the changes in the GSP had no significant different effect on both groups of countries. The authors estimations also show that the graduation mechanism in the EU GSP, against beneficiary countries with higher EU market shares, seems to be effective for industrial products, but in contrast, is working in favour of such countries for textile products. By and large, the other graduation mechanism in the EU GSP linking GSP benefits and level of development of the beneficiary country has not been effective. Originality/value - The paper is the first to address the issue how the many changes in the EU GSP since 1994 have affected the exports and GSP utilization of beneficiary countries. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Developing countries; Exports; Generalized System of Preferences; Utilization	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864054602	An evaluation of a family support programme in the southern Free State ['n evaluasie van'n gesinsondersteuningsprogram in die Suid-Vrystaat]	Marais J.G.L., Ingle M.K., Skinner D., Sigenu K.	2012	Acta Academica	44	1	None	Centre for Development Support, University of the Free State, P O Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Unit for Research on Health and Society, University of Stellenbosch, P O Box 19063, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa	Marais, J.G.L., Centre for Development Support, University of the Free State, P O Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Ingle, M.K., Centre for Development Support, University of the Free State, P O Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Skinner, D., Unit for Research on Health and Society, University of Stellenbosch, P O Box 19063, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa; Sigenu, K., Centre for Development Support, University of the Free State, P O Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa	This article details the evaluation of an NGO Family Support Programme (FSP) that was implemented in the southern Free State's Kopanong local municipality. The FSP is primarily aimed at strengthening Early Childhood Development (ECD) in what is a very socio-economically deprived environment for small children. The article argues for the critical importance of ECD within the human development paradigm. It then reports on the actual FSP assessment and advances a number of recommendations for how the initiative could be bolstered. It concludes that the FSP methodology is sound in principle and that it warrants replication at scale. © UV/UFS.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33847779261	Technologies that contribute to reducing environmental impacts of electrical production	Kahn M.T.E., Fritz W.	2006	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	17	4	None	Centre for Distributed Power Electronic Systems, Department of Electrical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa; Department of Electrical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa	Kahn, M.T.E., Centre for Distributed Power Electronic Systems, Department of Electrical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa; Fritz, W., Department of Electrical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa	The World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) was attended by approximately 21 000 international delegates in Johannesburg, South Africa in 2002. The aim was to institute ecologically sound environmental management. Research has shown that fossil fuel or coal fired power plants are the major cause of air pollution in electricity generation. This paper seeks to show technologies that can contribute to reducing the environmental impacts of electricity production, via emission control systems, industry energy policy, renewable energy technologies etc. and the promotion of active research and development in alternative energy applications in Africa. Innovative energy technology research and development and applications such as smaller scale distributed generation and solid state lighting (SSL) are seen as capable of adding a positive contribution in this area.	Electrical production; Energy consumption; Energy technology; Environmental impacts; Research and development	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84883548202	Development and evaluation of the Primary Healthcare-based Physiotherapy Intervention and its effects on selected indices of stroke recovery	Olaleye O., Hamzat T., Owolabi M.	2013	International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation	20	9	None	Department of Physiotherapy, College Of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine, University Of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Olaleye, O., Department of Physiotherapy, College Of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Hamzat, T., Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine, University Of Ibadan, Nigeria; Owolabi, M., Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Aim: To develop a Primary Healthcare-Based Physiotherapy Intervention (PHCPI) that requires simple, inexpensive, easy-to-use equipment for stroke rehabilitation and evaluate its effects on selected clinical indices of recovery among post-acute stroke survivors over a 10-week period. Methods: Three databases (Medline, Pubmed and PEDro) were used to identify treatment approaches with proven efficacy. The authors synthesised these treatment approaches to develop the PHCPI, which was used in a repeated measure design involving 25 (mean age=60.6 ± 10.2 years) consenting individuals with first-incidence stroke. These individuals were treated at a primary health centre, twice weekly for 10 consecutive weeks. Outcomes were assessed using the Modified Motor Assessment Scale (MMAS), the Short Form Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke (SF-PASS) and the Reintegration to Normal Living Index (RNLI), before the intervention and fortnightly thereafter. Walking speed and quality of life were also assessed before the intervention and at week 10 of it. Results: Within-subject multivariate analysis, after controlling for gender, showed a significant increase in motor function, postural balance, walking speed and quality of life. Their community reintegration scores also improved over the period. Conclusion: The PHCPI resulted in improved motor function, community reintegration, walking speed, postural balance and quality of life among community-dwelling stroke survivors. This intervention can be used for stroke rehabilitation at primary health centres.	Physiotherapy intervention; Primary health care; Rehabilitation; Stroke	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78149369683	Using school performance data to drive school and education district office accountability and improvement: The case of Ghana	Prew M., Quaigrain K.	2010	Educational Management Administration and Leadership	38	6	10.1177/1741143210379057	Centre for Education Policy Development (CEPD), PostNet Suite 561, Private Bag X113, Melville 2109, South Africa	Prew, M., Centre for Education Policy Development (CEPD), PostNet Suite 561, Private Bag X113, Melville 2109, South Africa; Quaigrain, K., Centre for Education Policy Development (CEPD), PostNet Suite 561, Private Bag X113, Melville 2109, South Africa	This article looks at a school management tool that allows school managers and education district offices to review the performance of their schools and use the broad-based data to undertake orchestrated planning with districts planning delivery based on the needs of schools and in support of school improvement plans. The review process also allows communities to engage with their schools and hold them accountable for their performance and to steer schools to meet community expectations. A district in northern Ghana is presented as a case study. The article concludes that this generation of school-level data and its use to inform improved planning and delivery also allows districts and schools to monitor how well they are doing in promoting access for all children to school and monitoring the quality of schooling they receive. This is critical information needed to understand the dynamics of school enrolment and drop-out and to make schools more accountable. So school performance review, as practised in Ghana, allows schools to improve while becoming more accountable to their communities. © The Author(s) 2010.	accountability; inspection; quality education; school and district leadership; school improvement; school performance review; universal primary education	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939428673	Solar water heater contribution to energy savings in higher education institutions: Impact analysis	Popoola O.M., Burnier C.	2014	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	25	1	None	Centre for Energy and Electric Power, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; ESIEE, Amiens, France; French South Africa Institute of Technology, South Africa	Popoola, O.M., Centre for Energy and Electric Power, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Burnier, C., ESIEE, Amiens, France, French South Africa Institute of Technology, South Africa	This paper focuses on the impact of Solar Water Heaters (SWH) at a higher institution of learning. An energy audit was conducted for the evaluation of the energy conservation measure: energy conoduction Energy is a key element in the development of any country or institution; as a result any shortage in energy will have a serious effect on the economy and social aspect of such country or institution. South Africa has, in recent years, experienced high economic growth as well as a rapid expansion in the elsumption analysis, correlation of consumption with weather; financial criteria, payback period and needed solar heater system (SWH) to determine the energy that may be termed as wastage or can be saved. The method of investigation includes assessment of the hot water usage within the institution campus and residencies, analysis of bills, metering and development of a software model for the analysis of energy use, system needed and environmental variables. This renewable measure (SWH) showed a high potential of energy and financial savings for higher education institutions especially those with residences.	Energy; Software development and validation; Solar water heater	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84937032833	The optical design and performance of a concentrator photovoltaic module	Schultz R.D., van Dyk E.E., Vorster F.J.	2015	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	26	2	None	Centre for Energy Research, Department of Physics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa	Schultz, R.D., Centre for Energy Research, Department of Physics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; van Dyk, E.E., Centre for Energy Research, Department of Physics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Vorster, F.J., Centre for Energy Research, Department of Physics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa	Concentration photovoltaic (CPV) modules promise a more efficient, higher power output than traditional photovoltaic modules. This is achieved by concentrating sunlight onto a small 1 cm2 concentrator triple-junction (CTJ) InGaP/InGaAs/Ge cell by using high quality precision optics. In order to achieve high energy performance and reliability, well thought-out design decisions must be made in the development of a CPV module. This paper investigates the design of two CPV modules (Module I and II), which are based on the Sandia III Baseline Fresnel module. The investigation concentrated on the effect of the optimization of the optical design on the electrical performance characteristics of CTJ cells with good thermal dissipation. The best performance achieved by Module I was at 336 times operational concentration (Xo), which produced a Pmax of 10.29 W per cell, with cell and module efficiencies of 39% and 24%, respectively. In the development of the second module (Module II) pre-deployment criteria such as the CTJ cell and system components characteristics was used to eliminate faulty components from the system what was observed in Module I. Cell units that were optimized in Module II showed no form of degradation in their Current-Voltage (I-V) characteristics. The cell unit operating under optical misalignment showed a progressive degradation with long term operation in the field.	Concentrated triple junction cells; Concentrator photovoltaics; Degradation; Efficiency	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84927515726	Evaluation of the environmental and social sustainability policy of a mass tourism resort: A narrative account	Swart I.	2012	HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies	68	1	10.4102/hts.v68i1.1264	Centre for Environmental Studies, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics and Meteorology, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Swart, I., Centre for Environmental Studies, University of Pretoria, South Africa, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics and Meteorology, University of Pretoria, South Africa	The recordation of the life stories of individuals residing in the community of Ledig, who have been dependent on the Sun City Resort situated in the Pilanesberg area in the North West Province of South Africa for their quality of life for more than 20 years, provided the basis for the evaluation of the environmental and social sustainability of this micro-cosmos on a multidisciplinary level. This study focused on the hermeneutical arch of narrative theory within the framework of human geography and sustainability science. The natural environment was evaluated for the role it plays in the sustainability of the livelihoods of the Ledig community members as well as the institutional life of the Sun City Resort. The results of this study suggested that the environmental policy for the Sun City Resort, formalised in 2004, has been guiding the Sun City Resort to contribute positively to the sustainability of the area. The study also demonstrated that a focus on the next generation of potential employees and the environmental education of all the communities were crucial to ensure the resilience of the social and ecological capacity of the area. © 2012. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84855973874	Reading between the lines: contributing factors that affect Grade 5 student reading performance as measured across South Africa's 11 languages	van Staden S., Howie S.	2012	Educational Research and Evaluation	18	1	10.1080/13803611.2011.641270	Centre for Evaluation and Assessment, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	van Staden, S., Centre for Evaluation and Assessment, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Howie, S., Centre for Evaluation and Assessment, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	This article reports on the South African results of a study to identify and explain relationships between some major factors associated with successful reading at Grade 5. With 11 official languages, educational policy in South Africa advocates an additive bilingualism model, and students in Grades 1 to 3 are taught in their mother tongue. Thereafter, the language of learning and teaching changes to a second language, which in most cases is English. With this complexity of issues, hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) was used to determine the effect of a number of explanatory variables at student and school level on reading achievement as outcome variable, while controlling for language using the South African Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) 2006 data. Utilizing Creemers' comprehensive model of educational effectiveness (Creemers & Reezigt, 1999) as theoretical point of departure, this article will focus on the results of an overall South African model with student- and school-level variables. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	educational policies; PIRLS 2006; reading literacy; secondary analysis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77955025949	Finding the best fit: The adaptation and translation of the performance indicators for primary schools for the South African context	Archer E., Scherman V., Robert C., Howie S.J.	2010	Perspectives in Education	28	1	None	Centre for Evaluation and Assessment, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Curriculum Evaluation and Management Centre, University of Durham, United Kingdom	Archer, E., Centre for Evaluation and Assessment, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Scherman, V., Centre for Evaluation and Assessment, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Robert, C., Curriculum Evaluation and Management Centre, University of Durham, United Kingdom; Howie, S.J., Centre for Evaluation and Assessment, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Reform and improvement are imperative in the current South African education system. Monitoring of school and learner achievement is an essential for establishing praxis for school improvement. Diversity of culture and South Africa's 11 official languages make it difficult to develop valid monitoring systems. Limited resources, time constraints and the need to redress neglect of large portions of the education infrastructure from the apartheid era make it problematic to develop new monitoring systems for all official languages. Adaptation and translation of existing international monitoring instruments provide alternative solutions to developing new monitoring systems. Adaptation and translation of existing instruments is a daunting process, which balances statistical analysis, translation processes and user and expert evaluations. We investigate how to balance these different processes in order to create an instrument that provides valid data for educational decisions. The processes utilised in the adaptation and translation of the vocabulary subtest of the Performance Indicators for Primary Schools (PIPS) test for the South African context are used to illustrate the complex interplay between user and expert input as well as psychometric rigour. It is hoped this paper will contribute to the development of the necessary instrument adaptation skills in South Africa.	Expert and user collaboration; Instrument adaptation and contextualisation; Rasch analysis; Translation of assessment instruments	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867066550	Performance of the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale in a sample of children and adolescents from poor urban communities in Cape Town	Boyes M.E., Cluver L.D.	2013	European Journal of Psychological Assessment	29	2	10.1027/1015-5759/a000134	Centre for Evidence-Based Intervention, Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Wolfson College, Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, 32 Wellington Square, Oxford OX1 2ER, United Kingdom	Boyes, M.E., Centre for Evidence-Based Intervention, Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, United Kingdom, Wolfson College, Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, 32 Wellington Square, Oxford OX1 2ER, United Kingdom; Cluver, L.D., Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa	The Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) is regularly used with South African children, although its performance in this context has yet to be empirically evaluated. This study assessed the basic psychometric properties of the RCMAS using data collected in a large study examining the mental health of children and adolescents living in poor urban communities around Cape Town. Reliability of the full-scale was good, and the predicted relationships between anxiety, depression, PTSD, delinquency, age, sex, and somaticism scores offered evidence of construct validity. However, the reliabilities for the physiological, worry/oversensitivity, and concentration subscales were low, and confirmatory factor analysis revealed the hypothesized three-factor model did not adequately fit the data. Exploratory analyses suggested a four-factor solution consisting of social evaluation, worry, affective responses, and physiological symptoms/sleep disturbance factors. Further confirmatory research examining this four-factor structure is needed. Given the continued use of the RCMAS in South Africa, these findings provide an important first step in establishing its reliability and validity for use with South African youth; however, scores obtained on the three subscales should be interpreted with caution and further detailed psychometric evaluation of the RCMAS in South African samples is clearly required. © 2012 Hogrefe Publishing.	Adolescents; Anxiety; Measurement; Psychometric; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77954069396	Impact of care and social support on wellbeing among people living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria	Adedimeji A.A., Alawode O.O., Odutolu O.	2010	Iranian Journal of Public Health	39	2	None	Centre for Global Health, University of Dublin Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland; Dept. of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom; Live Vanguards, Osogbo, Nigeria and World Bank Country Office, Abuja, Nigeria	Adedimeji, A.A., Centre for Global Health, University of Dublin Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland; Alawode, O.O., Dept. of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom; Odutolu, O., Live Vanguards, Osogbo, Nigeria and World Bank Country Office, Abuja, Nigeria	Background: Availability of antiretroviral therapies has transformed AIDS into a manageable chronic condition and improved well-being among people living with HIV/AIDS (PHA) in developed countries. In developing countries however, such transformations are yet to occur due to socio-economic, systemic and environmental constraint. This study examined the impact of social, economic, psychological and environmental factors on health and wellbeing among PHA living in southwest Nigeria. Methods: Using qualitative participatory methodology, 50 HIV positive people, 8 health personnel and 32 care providers were interviewed to explore how care and social support affect wellbeing among PHA in view of constraints to accessing antiretroviral drugs. Analysis of data used the grounded theory (GT) approach to identify themes, which are considered crucial to the wellbeing of PHA. Results: The findings highlight several factors, apart from antiretroviral drugs, that impact the wellbeing of PHA in southwest Nigeria. These include concerns about deteriorating physical health, family and children's welfare, pervasive stigma, financial pressures and systemic failures relating to care among others. We describe how psychosocial and social support structures can considerably contribute to improving health outcomes among them because of how they affect the functioning of immune system, self-care activities and other illness behaviours. Conclusion: We recommend that interventions should address the psychosocial, socio-economic and other systemic issues that negatively influence the wellbeing of PHA and governments need to strengthen the policy environment that empowers PHA support groups.	Care support; HIV/AIDS; Nigeria; Social support	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953731552	The evaluation of bedside teachingan instrument for staff evaluation and student experience: A pilot study at a South African university	Green-Thompson L., Mcinerney P., Veller M.	2010	South African Journal of Surgery	48	2	None	Centre for Health Science Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Surgery, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Green-Thompson, L., Centre for Health Science Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Mcinerney, P., Centre for Health Science Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Veller, M., Department of Surgery, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Background. Bedside teaching is the core teaching strategy in the clinical study years of the medical undergraduate degree at the University of the Witwatersrand. The quality of this teaching strategy has not been formally evaluated by students as other teaching strategies have been. Method. A quantitative, descriptive study was undertaken in the final year of study of the graduate entry medical programme (GEMP). The sample comprised medical students who were completing their surgical block during September and November 2008. There were approximately 30 students in each of these 2 blocks. A bedside teaching evaluation questionnaire was developed, based on previously validated peer review questionnaires used in evaluating small group formal classroom-based lectures. The purpose of the study was to determine the reliability of the instrument for evaluating bedside teaching. Results. A sample of 112 evaluations was obtained and the constructs and sub-constructs were subjected to an analysis using Cronbach's alpha. Conclusion. The overall Cronbach's alpha was 0.9627, demonstrating that the instrument is reliable and can be used to evaluate bedside teaching.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955108129	The impact of burnout on the intention to quit among professional nurses in the Free State region - A national crisis?	Pienaar J.W., Bester C.L.	2011	South African Journal of Psychology	41	1	None	Centre for Health Systems Research and Development, Department of Industrial Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Pienaar, J.W., Centre for Health Systems Research and Development, Department of Industrial Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Bester, C.L., Centre for Health Systems Research and Development, Department of Industrial Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Thousands of qualified nurses leave the South African health sector on an annual basis owing to various reasons, including burnout. Research showed that demanding work circumstances could influence employees to consider whether to leave an organisation or not. The aim of this study was to determine the level of burnout among professional nurses and to explore the potential impact of burnout on the intention to quit/change. The sample consisted of 563 professional nurses representing 140 clinics located in five health districts in the Free State region. A total of 542 (97%) questionnaires were completed and returned. Participants in the study were predominantly black (83.8%), female (89.3%), day-shift working (89.8%) and full-time employed (99.8%). The measuring tools included a biographical questionnaire, Maslach's Burnout Inventory to determine the level of burnout of professional nurses, and an Intention to Quit/Change questionnaire. Analysis of variance was used to determine differences regarding burnout between different groups with varying degrees of intention to quit/change. Respondents exhibited high levels of Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization and average levels of Personal Accomplishment. Respondents with the highest levels of Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalization and the lowest levels of Personal Accomplishment displayed a higher degree of intention to quit/change. © Psychological Society of South Africa. All rights reserved.	Burnout; Free state; HIV; Intention to quit; Professional nurses; Stress	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84883196648	Measuring the impact of academic development courses in first- and second-year chemistry	Smith L.C.	2013	South African Journal of Chemistry	66	None	None	Centre for Higher Education Development, University of Cape Town, South Africa	Smith, L.C., Centre for Higher Education Development, University of Cape Town, South Africa	This paper uses multivariate analysis to estimate the impact of educational interventions in the first-year academic development chemistry courses on students' final course marks. The cohorts for seven years are pooled, which generates a more robust set of results than was previously the case. To counter the sample-selection problem that arises as academic development students are placed onto the academic development programme, a selection of control variables is included in the estimations. The results suggest that the educational interventions in the first year had a positive impact on academic development students' performance, relative to mainstream students, in both the first- and second-year courses. The implications of the results for education policy and research are considered.	Academic development; Academic performance; Chemistry; Educational interventions; Multivariate analysis; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897471101	Using evaluation as action research: Reflections on teaching practice using Brookfield's four lenses model	Ndebele C.	2014	Anthropologist	17	2	None	Centre for Higher Education Teaching and Learning, University of Venda, P. Bag. X 5050, Thohoyandou, South Africa	Ndebele, C., Centre for Higher Education Teaching and Learning, University of Venda, P. Bag. X 5050, Thohoyandou, South Africa	As one goes about the process of teaching there is need to sit down after every session and take stock of the proceedings with a view to identifying what went well and what might need further improvement Four lenses that teachers could use to critically reflect on their practice are discussed in this article: eliciting evaluation from students, peer evaluation, research and theory and our own autobiographies as learners and teachers. To some extent academics are all prisoners trapped within the perceptual frameworks that determine how they view their experiences and in order to break away from this prison there is need to engage in critical reflection. In this article, through a qualitative analysis of student evaluation data, peer feedback and relevant literature; The researcher shares his reflection on his practice through experimenting with the four lenses at a historically disadvantaged university.What emerged from the reflective exercise is that looking beyond one's own self to others for their views on one's practice does indeed enrich one's knowledge and helps to improve practice. Colleagues, the literature and students can indeed serve as critical mirrors reflecting back to lecturers' images of their actions that often take them by surprise. © Kamla-Raj 2014.	Autobiography; Feedback; Peer review; Relevant literature; Student eyes; Triangulation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84914179409	The South African higher education system: performance and policy	Cloete N.	2014	Studies in Higher Education	39	8	10.1080/03075079.2014.949533	Centre for Higher Education Transformation (CHET), PO Box 18094, Wynberg, Cape Town, South Africa; DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Scientometrics and STI Policy, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Cloete, N., Centre for Higher Education Transformation (CHET), PO Box 18094, Wynberg, Cape Town, South Africa, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Scientometrics and STI Policy, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Transformation in higher education in South Africa over the last 20 years has been strongly shaped by post-apartheid pressures. Recent research shows that South Africa's current higher education system can be described as medium knowledge-producing and differentiated, with low participation and high attrition. In the decade following 1994, both policy frameworks and capacity building of the sector received considerable attention. Massification and differentiation are concepts that have been under discussion for some time in South Africa, but have yet to be translated into practical mechanisms for delivery of results. The Centre for Higher Education Transformation initially focused its efforts on stimulating debate on cutting-edge issues in South Africa. More recently, it has shifted its focus to strengthening regional and national development of African universities to enable their more meaningful participation in the global knowledge economy and society. © 2014, © 2014 Society for Research into Higher Education.	development; differentiation; higher education; knowledge production; policy	None	None
None	None	The ECOWAS court as a human rights promoter? Assessing five years' impact of the Koraou Slavery judgment	Adjolohoun H.S.	2013	Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights	31	3	None	Centre for Human Rights, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Adjolohoun, H.S., Centre for Human Rights, University of Pretoria, South Africa	The 2005 reform initiated by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) had the double effect of putting an end to ten years of judicial lethargy and positioning its Community Court of Justice (ECCJ) as a promising international human rights body. One of the most illustrative cases of the Court's impact is the landmark Koraou (Slavery) judgment in which the ECCJ condemned Niger for failing to protect the complainant from enslavement by a third party. Five years after the Koraou decision, this paper uses empirical based theories, case study and factual evidence to interrogate whether the ECCJ's judgment has had any further effect than just restoring the dignity of an individual litigant. Such assessment is important to thousands of other human beings who still live in bondage in the rest of the region. Ultimately, the paper seeks to demonstrate that although it has not reached the irradiating model of the European Court of Human Rights, the ECCJ has the potential of becoming a human rights promoter in the region and beyond. © Netherlands Institute of Human Rights (SIM), Printed in the Netherlands.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-67650073197	Diffusion of professional norms: The impact of IFLA in South Africa	Underwood P.G.	2009	IFLA Journal	35	2	10.1177/0340035209105669	Centre for Information Literacy, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X01, Rondebosch 7701, Cape Town, South Africa	Underwood, P.G., Centre for Information Literacy, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X01, Rondebosch 7701, Cape Town, South Africa	A study of the impact of the work of IFLA, including its role in the development of information literacy programmes, on the profession in South Africa, based on the views of South African professionals attending the World Library and Information Congress, 73rd IFLA General Conference, held in Durban, 19-23 August 2007. A series of focus group and other interviews was used. Themes arising from the discussions are: ĝ€¢ That IFLA has a strong role to play in advice, guidance, and the development of standards; its role in national policy development is necessarily limited. ĝ€¢ That the Congress is an important meeting place and its proceedings a source of inspiration to those who have come with a 'prepared mind'. ĝ€¢ That the influence of its work and proceedings could be greater if it were communicated in accessible forms in partnership with existing publications such as the IFLA Journal. ĝ€¢ That, for the younger professional, seeking to become involved, IFLA is a daunting organization. Copyright © 2009 Author.	Durban; IFLA; Impact assessment; Information literacy; South Africa; World Library and Information Congress, 2007	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84925150851	Neurometric evaluations on the brain of the opossum (didelphys marsupialis cancrivora (linnaeus 1758) - A case for cognitive skill -brain development capacity	Samuel O.M., Olopade J.O., Onwuka S.K.	2014	Journal of Morphological Sciences	31	3	10.4322/jms.038714	Cranio-facial and maxillo-facial Anatomy, Depatment of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Agriculture Makurdi, Nigeria; NeuroAnatomy unit, Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Head Gross Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Anatomy	Samuel, O.M., Cranio-facial and maxillo-facial Anatomy, Depatment of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Agriculture Makurdi, Nigeria; Olopade, J.O., NeuroAnatomy unit, Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Onwuka, S.K., Head Gross Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Introduction: The Opossum is a marsupial related wild life species belonging to the order Didelphimorphia. They inhabit the swampy forest zones in Nigeria but could inhabit drier regions. Some are arboreal and digitigrades, characterized by long bare tails and opposable thumbs modified for climbing and grasping respectively, they are known to be deficient in comparative sociality, peculiar brain morphology and a short life span. Our aim was to correlate through macro-neuromorphometry as well evaluate for the influence of head and brain weight, sex, adaptation, and behavioral ecology on the brain dimensions in comparison with other marsupials. Method: This study utilized thirteen animals (didelphys marsupialis cancrivota) consisting of four (6) males and seven (7) females and employing statistical methods in making inferences among the categories. Results: The mean overall head weight was 256.17 ±54.11g, 250.60± 51.62g for females and 269.16 ±139.22g for males, the whole brain weight was 30.43 ±10.19g. The brain /head weight ratio was 0.05± 0.02 while the maximum cerebral diameter, length and height were 46.97 ±13.84mm, 48.01±19.72mm and 30.48 ±2.90mm. cerebellar weight was 1.81 ±1.09g, and the cerebellar height and width were 2.39 ± 0.38mm and 2.44 ± 1.59mm respectively, cerebrum/ whole brain length index was 0.86± 0.04mm while mean endo-cranial volume was 19.75 ±30.11mls.The sexually dimorphic variables include whole brain length (59.87± 9.56mm and 57.12± 12.01mm), cerebral length (49.93± 10.17mm and 41.12± 15.57mm) and cerebral diameter (35.91± 13.55mm and 43.54± 29.96mm) for females and males respectively, suggesting better encephalization in females of this species compared to the males. Also, dimorphic parameters function for purposes such as predatory instincts, nursing of the young, spatial orientation, migrations and ecologic adaptations. Conclusion: In addition, this investigation suggests the enhanced possibility of cerebro-vascular accident in this species partly due to the cerebral length and height ratio in relation to the endo-cranial volume and shape in the likelihood of shorter lifespan in the males. © 2014, Brazilian Society of Anatomy. All rights reserved.	Didelphys marsupialis cancrivora; Encephalisation variables; Intelligence; Macroneuromorphometry; Opossums	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939881403	Habitat simplification increases the impact of a freshwater invasive fish	Alexander M.E., Kaiser H., Weyl O.L.F., Dick J.T.A.	2014	Environmental Biology of Fishes	98	2	10.1007/s10641-014-0278-z	Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa; Department of Ichythology and Fisheries Science, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Grahamstown, South Africa; South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown, South Africa; Centre for Invasion Biology, SAIAB, Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown, South Africa; Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, MBC, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom	Alexander, M.E., Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa; Kaiser, H., Department of Ichythology and Fisheries Science, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Grahamstown, South Africa; Weyl, O.L.F., South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown, South Africa, Centre for Invasion Biology, SAIAB, Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown, South Africa; Dick, J.T.A., Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, MBC, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom	Biodiversity continues to decline at a range of spatial scales and there is an urgent requirement to understand how multiple drivers interact in causing such declines. Further, we require methodologies that can facilitate predictions of the effects of such drivers in the future. Habitat degradation and biological invasions are two of the most important threats to biodiversity and here we investigate their combined effects, both in terms of understanding and predicting impacts on native species. The predatory largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides is one of the World’s Worst Invaders, causing declines in native prey species, and its introduction often coincides with habitat simplification. We investigated the predatory functional response, as a measure of ecological impact, of juvenile largemouth bass in artificial vegetation over a range of habitat complexities (high, intermediate, low and zero). Prey, the female guppy Poecilia reticulata, were representative of native fish. As habitats became less complex, significantly more prey were consumed, since, even although attack rates declined, reduced handling times resulted in higher maximum feeding rates by bass. At all levels of habitat complexity, bass exhibited potentially population de-stabilising Type II functional responses, with no emergence of more stabilising Type III functional responses as often occurs in predator-prey relationships in complex habitats. Thus, habitat degradation and simplification potentially exacerbate the impact of this invasive species, but even highly complex habitats may ultimately not protect native species. The utilisation of functional responses under varying environmental contexts provides a method for the understanding and prediction of invasive species impacts. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.	Freshwater fish; Functional response; Global change; Habitat complexity; Impact; Invasive species	None	DMR, Department of Science and Technology, Republic of South Africa; DST, Department of Science and Technology, Republic of South Africa; NRF, Department of Science and Technology, Republic of South Africa; 85,417, Department of Science and Technology, Re
Scopus	2-s2.0-84946720989	Co-ownership and collaboration: Insights into the measurement of impact and change from evidence-based community and state violence prevention partnerships	Mutongwizo T., Leoschut L., Burton P.	2015	Stability	4	1	10.5334/sta.fh	Centre for Justice and Crime Prevention, South Africa	Mutongwizo, T., Centre for Justice and Crime Prevention, South Africa; Leoschut, L., Centre for Justice and Crime Prevention, South Africa; Burton, P., Centre for Justice and Crime Prevention, South Africa	Effective partnerships in community crime and violence prevention interventions are challenging to foster. Though challenging, their merits cannot be denied; thus it is necessary to involve diverse stakeholders in processes that aim to address violence and crime prevention in order to better approach the causes of crime. However, practical experiences have been used to identify the challenges of crime prevention partnerships, particularly in developing indicators that appropriately measure, monitor and evaluate progress. It has also been noted that it is difficult to discern which interventions yield success, particularly in partnerships with various stakeholders. This article therefore encourages joint assessments from the outset of crime prevention projects and the development of indicators that relate to all partners. This paper will draw on three violence and crime prevention pilot projects, conducted in South Africa. The discussion will focus on the processes of developing performance measurement frameworks and the challenges and successes experienced throughout the monitoring, evaluation and learning process. © 2015 The Author(s).	Crime prevention; Monitoring and evaluation; Multi-stakeholder forums; Partnerships; Safety audits	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956282885	Impact of the internet on final year students' research: A case study of Covenant university, Ota, Nigeria	Ilo P.I., Ifijeh G.I.	2010	Library Philosophy and Practice	2010	JUL	None	Centre For Learning Resources, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria	Ilo, P.I., Centre For Learning Resources, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; Ifijeh, G.I., Centre For Learning Resources, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84937074095	Is South Africa's 20 years of democracy in crisis? Examining the impact of unrest incidents in local protests in the post-apartheid South Africa	Mkhize M.C.	2015	African Security Review	24	2	10.1080/10246029.2015.1038285	Centre for Military Studies (CEMIS), Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Mkhize, M.C., Centre for Military Studies (CEMIS), Stellenbosch University, South Africa	This article assesses South Africa's 20 years of democracy, which has frequently been bedevilled by local protests. This article is particularly interested in those unrest incidents that have been distinct for one reason or another. In South Africa, the surge in local unrest incidents is often linked to police behaviour, which has become increasingly militant and brutal when quelling protests. While the right to protest is constitutional, the damage caused during protest action can be immense owing to acts of violence. Protestors' resorting to violent protest action is often linked to increased frustrations as a result of the government's inability to live up to the expectations of marginalised and poor communities. While this article draws primarily on existing scholarly debates focusing on social protests, the primary objective is to examine the impact of unrest incidents on local protests in post-apartheid South Africa. The article further argues that ‘spaces’ for participation in local governance should be created so that citizens can become architects of development and their own future. © 2015 Institute for Security Studies.	globalisation; grassroots resistance; local protests; neoliberalism; police brutality; South Africa; spaces of participation; unrest incidents	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84917689456	The effectiveness of a teacher professional learning programme: The perceptions and performance of mathematics teachers	Ndlovu M.	2014	Pythagoras	35	2	10.4102/pythagoras.v35i2.237	Centre for Pedagogy, Faculty of Education, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa	Ndlovu, M., Centre for Pedagogy, Faculty of Education, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa	The purpose of this article is to report on an investigation of the perceptions and performance of mathematics teachers in a teacher professional learning (TPL) programme based on realistic mathematics education (RME) principles, which included a topic on transformations, undertaken by the researcher. Forty-seven Senior Phase (Grade 7-9) teachers took part in the mixed-methods study in which they answered a questionnaire with both closed and openended items. Fifty teachers took an achievement test at the end of the programme. The TPL programme used the RME approach in the design and delivery of mathematical tasks intended to enhance teachers' mathematical knowledge for teaching. The sessions were conducted in a manner that modelled one way in which RME principles can be adopted as a teacher professional development strategy. The significance of the study is that continuing TPL is acknowledged to contribute to improvement in teaching and learning to address the concern about unsatisfactory learner achievement in mathematics. The responses suggested that the majority of teachers experienced the sessions positively in relation to all but one of the six RME principles. The teachers reported that they took an active part both as individuals and in small groups and expressed their willingness to adopt the type of activities and materials for their classrooms, which is an essential first step in Guskey's first level of evaluation of a teacher TPL programme. The teachers' average performance in an achievement test at the end of the topic was 72% which was indicative of modest learning gains at Guskey's second level of TPL effectiveness. © 2014. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70449086303	Intergenerational struggles over urban housing: The impact on livelihoods of the elderly in Zimbabwe	Paradza G.G.	2009	Gender and Development	17	3	10.1080/13552070903298410	Centre for Policy Studies, Braamfontein, South Africa	Paradza, G.G., Centre for Policy Studies, Braamfontein, South Africa	Legislative and economic changes in Zimbabwe have caused a confrontation between the younger and older generations over resources, with bad consequences for both. This article is based on research into the experiences of families living in both rural and urban areas. Since women normally outlive their husbands, struggles over property are common when husbands die. For elderly women, ownership of urban housing does not necessarily lead to control. Hence, owning property does not in itself ensure they can ensure economic security from it. © Oxfam GB 2009.	Elderly; Housing; Inheritance; Livelihood; Tenure; Urban; Zimbabwe	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84948180161	The impact of health service variables on healthcare access in a low resourced urban setting in the Western Cape, South Africa	Scheffler E., Visagie S., Schneider M.	2015	African Journal of Primary Health Care and Family Medicine	7	1	10.4102/phcfm.v7i1.820	Centre for Rehabilitation Studies, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Psychology Department, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa	Scheffler, E., Centre for Rehabilitation Studies, Stellenbosch University, South Africa, Psychology Department, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Visagie, S., Centre for Rehabilitation Studies, Stellenbosch University, South Africa, Psychology Department, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Schneider, M., Psychology Department, Stellenbosch University, South Africa, Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa	Background: Health care access is complex and multi-faceted and, as a basic right, equitable access and services should be available to all user groups. Objectives: The aim of this article is to explore how service delivery impacts on access to healthcare for vulnerable groups in an urban primary health care setting in South Africa. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study design was used. Data were collected through semistructured interviews with purposively sampled participants and analysed through thematic content analysis. Results: Service delivery factors are presented against five dimensions of access according to the ACCESS Framework. From a supplier perspective, the organisation of care in the study setting resulted in available, accessible, affordable and adequate services as measured against the District Health System policies and guidelines. However, service providers experienced significant barriers in provision of services, which impacted on the quality of care, resulting in poor client and provider satisfaction and ultimately compromising acceptability of service delivery. Although users found services to be accessible, the organisation of services presented them with challenges in the domains of availability, affordability and adequacy, resulting in unmet needs, low levels of satisfaction and loss of trust. These challenges fuelled perceptions of unacceptable services. Conclusion: Well developed systems and organisation of services can create accessible, affordable and available primary healthcare services, but do not automatically translate into adequate and acceptable services. Focussing attention on how services are delivered might restore the balance between supply (services) and demand (user needs) and promote universal and equitable access. © 2015. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84948957369	Direct-to-consumer genetic testing for predicting sports performance and talent identification: Consensus statement	Webborn N., Williams A., McNamee M., Bouchard C., Pitsiladis Y., Ahmetov I., Ashley E., Byrne N., Camporesi S., Collins M., Dijkstra P., Eynon N., Fuku N., Garton F.C., Hoppe N., Holm S., Kaye J., Klissouras V., Lucia A., Maase K., Moran C., North K.N., P	2015	British Journal of Sports Medicine	49	23	10.1136/bjsports-2015-095343	Centre for Sport and Exercise Science and Medicine (SESAME), University of Brighton, Eastbourne, United Kingdom; MMU Sports Genomics Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Crewe Green Road, Crewe, United Kingdom; College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom; Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States; FIMS Reference Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine for Anti-Doping Research, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, United Kingdom; Volga Region State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Kazan, Russian Federation; Clinical Genomics Service, Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States; Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond Institute of Health and Sport, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia; Department of Social Science, Health and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Aspetar-Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar; Institute of Sport, Exercise, and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Paediatrics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's HospitalVIC, Australia; Coram Chambers, London, United Kingdom; School of Law, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Nuffield Department of Population Health, Centre for Health, Law and Emerging Technologies, University of Oxford, Headington, United Kingdom; Emeritus of Ergophysiology, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Universidad Europea and Research Institute, Madrid, Spain; Elite Sport Unit, Netherlands Olympic Committee and Netherlands Sports Confederation (NOC and NSF), Utrecht, Netherlands; Physiological Epigenetics Research Group, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom; International Federation of Sports Medicine, University of Rome, Rome, Italy	Webborn, N., Centre for Sport and Exercise Science and Medicine (SESAME), University of Brighton, Eastbourne, United Kingdom; Williams, A., MMU Sports Genomics Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Crewe Green Road, Crewe, United Kingdom; McNamee, M., College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom; Bouchard, C., Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States; Pitsiladis, Y., FIMS Reference Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine for Anti-Doping Research, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, United Kingdom; Ahmetov, I., Volga Region State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Kazan, Russian Federation; Ashley, E., Clinical Genomics Service, Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States; Byrne, N., Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond Institute of Health and Sport, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia; Camporesi, S., Department of Social Science, Health and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Collins, M., Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Dijkstra, P., Aspetar-Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar; Eynon, N., Institute of Sport, Exercise, and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Fuku, N., Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; Garton, F.C., Department of Paediatrics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's HospitalVIC, Australia; Hoppe, N., Coram Chambers, London, United Kingdom; Holm, S., School of Law, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Kaye, J., Nuffield Department of Population Health, Centre for Health, Law and Emerging Technologies, University of Oxford, Headington, United Kingdom; Klissouras, V., Emeritus of Ergophysiology, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Lucia, A., Universidad Europea and Research Institute, Madrid, Spain; Maase, K., Elite Sport Unit, Netherlands Olympic Committee and Netherlands Sports Confederation (NOC and NSF), Utrecht, Netherlands; Moran, C., Physiological Epigenetics Research Group, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom; North, K.N., Department of Paediatrics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's HospitalVIC, Australia; Pigozzi, F., International Federation of Sports Medicine, University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Wang, G., FIMS Reference Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine for Anti-Doping Research, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, United Kingdom	The general consensus among sport and exercise genetics researchers is that genetic tests have no role to play in talent identification or the individualised prescription of training to maximise performance. Despite the lack of evidence, recent years have witnessed the rise of an emerging market of direct-toconsumer marketing (DTC) tests that claim to be able to identify children's athletic talents. Targeted consumers include mainly coaches and parents. There is concern among the scientific community that the current level of knowledge is being misrepresented for commercial purposes. There remains a lack of universally accepted guidelines and legislation for DTC testing in relation to all forms of genetic testing and not just for talent identification. There is concern over the lack of clarity of information over which specific genes or variants are being tested and the almost universal lack of appropriate genetic counselling for the interpretation of the genetic data to consumers. Furthermore independent studies have identified issues relating to quality control by DTC laboratories with different results being reported from samples from the same individual. Consequently, in the current state of knowledge, no child or young athlete should be exposed to DTC genetic testing to define or alter training or for talent identification aimed at selecting gifted children or adolescents. Large scale collaborative projects, may help to develop a stronger scientific foundation on these issues in the future.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960200958	Impact of an educational development programme on teaching practice of academics at a research-intensive university	Cilliers F.J., Herman N.	2010	International Journal for Academic Development	15	3	10.1080/1360144X.2010.497698	Centre for Teaching and Learning, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Cilliers, F.J., Centre for Teaching and Learning, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Herman, N., Centre for Teaching and Learning, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Evidence of the impact of educational development (ED) programmes on faculty is often not gathered beyond ascertaining the immediate reactions of participants. This paper reports the results of a study to determine what level of impact an ED programme at a university has had on academics' teaching practice over time. Kirkpatrick's framework provided a useful approach to conceptualise how to examine critically the impact of ED efforts. A series of semi-structured interviews with 14 programme participants and a subsequent questionnaire survey of 248 participants were undertaken. The programme resulted in high-level impact when rated according to Kirkpatrick's framework, including changes to individual behaviour and organisational practice, benefits to academics and perceived benefits to their students. Change was reported up to seven years after participation. These results emphasise the role that a well-designed ED programme can play in enhancing the quality of teaching and assessment practice at a research-intensive university. © 2010 Taylor & Francis.	Educational development; Effectiveness; Faculty development; Impact; Staff development	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84856357730	Assessing the suitability and efficiency of high performance liquid chromatography instrument - A new aproach	Affum A.O., Gyan B.	2011	International Journal of Chemical Sciences	9	4	None	Chemistry Department, National Nuclear Research Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 80, Legon, Accra, Ghana; Immunology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana	Affum, A.O., Chemistry Department, National Nuclear Research Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 80, Legon, Accra, Ghana; Gyan, B., Immunology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana	A unique, cheap, precise and a simple analytical instrument qualification (AIQ) method was developed for a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) by using hypoxanthine, a universal nucleobase. This method could be used to determine the suitability of any HPLC that will be used for biomedical, environmental and food sample analysis. The volumetric flow of the mobile phase delivered by the pumps was consistent for given flow rate, with percent relative standard deviation (RSD %) of ± 0.05 % for pump A and B. The hypoxanthine calibration curve for the combined HPLC components in 1% acetonitrile and 0.05 M ammonium phosphate buffer at pH 6, as mobile phase was linear over a concentration range of 4 μM to 20 μM. A correlation coefficient of 0.95 and a sensitivity of 1824.2 AU/μM was obtained. A log-log analysis of the hypoxanthine calibration curve was linear. Column efficiency determined from toluene and biphenyl in 90: 10 % (v/v) methanol/water mixtures at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. was comparable to the results obtained by the manufacturer. In conclusion, it was determined that the HPLC instrument operated within the manufacturer specified and user approved parameters.	Analytical instrument qualification (AIQ); Calibration; Column efficiency; Flow rate; High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); Hypoxanthine; Spectrophotometer	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84930698491	Integrating the informal with the formal: An estimation of the impacts of a shift from paratransit line-haul to feeder service provision in Cape Town	Del Mistro R., Behrens R.	2015	Case Studies on Transport Policy	3	2	10.1016/j.cstp.2014.10.001	Centre for Transport Studies, University of Cape Town, Private Bag x3, Rondebosch, South Africa	Del Mistro, R., Centre for Transport Studies, University of Cape Town, Private Bag x3, Rondebosch, South Africa; Behrens, R., Centre for Transport Studies, University of Cape Town, Private Bag x3, Rondebosch, South Africa	Feeder-trunk-distribution service arrangements are a possible means of integrating paratransit services with scheduled services in public transport system reform projects. In such arrangements the transport authority would concentrate on providing or contracting a high capacity trunk service using large vehicles on corridors with the requisite passenger demand, while paratransit operators would be relegated to only providing feeder and distribution services using smaller vehicles in adjacent areas. This paper explores the veracity of a perception amongst paratransit operators in Cape Town that operating feeder services is less lucrative than operating direct services. A public transport cost model is used to explore the implications of such a change in service operation, using cost and travel demand input data currently applicable in Cape Town. The modelling results suggest that individual minibus operators would be more profitable if they only provided feeder/distribution services, but that improved operating efficiencies would come at the cost of a reduction in the required minibus fleet and associated jobs. It is therefore concluded that if a feeder-trunk-distribution scheme is pursued as a means of integrating paratransit into a revitalised public transport system, considerable attention should to be given to developing strategies that absorb as many paratransit operators displaced by high capacity trunk services as possible. Providing feeder and distribution services for new choice passengers attracted to the improved trunk service may hold promise in this regard. © 2014 World Conference on Transport Research Society.	Feeder; Line-haul; Paratransit	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80052578289	Impacts of bitumen deposit on surface waters: A case study of physico-chemical properties of surface waters in the Southwestern Nigerian bitumen deposit area	Adebiyi F.M., Asubiojo O.I.	2011	Management of Environmental Quality	22	5	10.1108/14777831111159761	Chemistry Department, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria	Adebiyi, F.M., Chemistry Department, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria; Asubiojo, O.I., Chemistry Department, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria	Purpose: This paper aims to examine the quality of the surface waters of the bitumen deposit area of Nigeria and also to establish the relationship between the deposit and the waters. Design/methodology/approach: Physico-chemical parameters were measured using standard analytical procedures, while the elemental contents were determined using total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Data acquired were interpreted using statistical techniques - charts, t-test, pollution index (PI) and cross-plot analysis. Findings: A river located close to the bitumen well contained the highest concentrations of metals that are known to be associated with hydrocarbon formation. Comparison of the levels of the analyzed parameters in the waters with their standard permissible limits showed that the levels of Cl<UP>-</UP>, SO<DN>4</DN><UP>2-</UP>, total alkalinity and Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in the river very close to the capped bitumen well and big rivers were high and low in the small streams. This was corroborated by their pollution index values. Results of the cross-plot analysis of the waters-river close to bitumen well/bitumen (R<UP>2</UP>=0.5); small streams/bitumen (R<UP>2</UP>=0.8) and big rivers/bitumen (R<UP>2</UP>=0.2) showed moderate; strong and weak positive correlations respectively, suggesting moderate, strong and weak inter-element correlations respectively between the sets of waters and the Nigerian bitumen deposit, and also establishing relationships between the deposit and the surface waters. Originality/value: The paper provides insight into the potability of the waters; establishment of the inter-element relationship between the bitumen deposit and the waters. These results can serve as a fingerprint for bitumen exploration elsewhere and for similar mineral deposit settings. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Bitumen; Nigeria; Physico-chemical parameters; Surface water; TXRF; Water	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84862140149	Bis(ferrocenylimine)palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes: Synthesis, molecular structures and evaluation as antitumor agents	Motswainyana W.M., Onani M.O., Madiehe A.M.	2012	Polyhedron	41	1	10.1016/j.poly.2012.04.010	Chemistry Department, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa	Motswainyana, W.M., Chemistry Department, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; Onani, M.O., Chemistry Department, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; Madiehe, A.M., Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa	Compounds (ferrocenyl-2-furylmethyl)imine (L1), (ferrocenyl-2- thiophenemethyl)imine (L2) and (ferrocenyl-2-thiopheneethyl)imine (L3) were synthesized by condensation reactions and obtained in very good yields. Reactions of L1-L3 with 0.5 equiv. of either PdCl 2(cod), PdClMe(cod) or K 2[PtCl 4] gave the new corresponding trans-bis(ferrocenylimine)palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes 1-9. The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structures of 3 and 6 were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Both structures crystallize in monoclinic P2 1/n space system. The coordination geometry around the palladium atom in complexes 3 and 6 exhibits a square planar geometry at the palladium atom. Complexes 1, 7 and 9 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against human breast (MCF-7) and human ovarian (A2780) cancer cell lines, and they exhibited low cytotoxic activities but comparable to that of cisplatin. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	Cancer; Cisplatin; Cytotoxicity; Ferrocenylimine; Molecular structures; Palladium; Platinum	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84877709122	Impact of nutrition education on nutrition knowledge of public school educators in South Africa: A pilot study	Oldewage-Theron W.H., Egal A.	2012	Health SA Gesondheid	17	1	10.4102/hsag.v17i1.602	Centre of Sustainable Livelihoods, Vaal University of Technology, South Africa	Oldewage-Theron, W.H., Centre of Sustainable Livelihoods, Vaal University of Technology, South Africa; Egal, A., Centre of Sustainable Livelihoods, Vaal University of Technology, South Africa	The Department of Basic Education (DBE) has not given nutrition education the necessary emphasis that it needs, despite its importance in South African schools. Nutrition is included as only one of many topics forming part of the Life Orientation syllabus. Educators are role models for learners in making healthy food choices, however, studies have shown that major gaps exist in the health and nutrition-related knowledge and behaviour of educators. The objective of this research was to undertake a pilot study to determine the impact of a nutrition education programme (NEP) on the nutrition knowledge of Life Orientation educators in public schools in South Africa (SA). An exploratory baseline survey, to determine the nutrition education practices in 45 purposively selected public schools, was carried out before the experimental nutrition education intervention study. A nutrition knowledge questionnaire was completed by 24 purposively selected educators, representing all nine provinces in SA, before and after a three-day NEP. Pre and post-NEP data were analysed on the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for a Windows program version 17.0 for descriptive statistics, version 17.0. Paired t-tests measured statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) before and after the NEP. The knowledge of the respondents improved significantly after the NEP as the mean±s.d. score of correctly answered questions (n = 59) improved from 63.3±30.2% before to 80.6±21.1% after the NEP. The results proved that nutrition knowledge of Life Orientation educators in primary schools is not optimal, but can be improved by NEP. © 2012. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867366192	Impact of a soy nutrition education programme on knowledge in a low-income community in Qwa-Qwa, South Africa	Oldewage-Theron W., Egal A.A.	2012	International Journal of Consumer Studies	36	4	10.1111/j.1470-6431.2011.01064.x	Centre of Sustainable Livelihoods, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa	Oldewage-Theron, W., Centre of Sustainable Livelihoods, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa; Egal, A.A., Centre of Sustainable Livelihoods, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa	The objective of this study was to measure the knowledge of the South African food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG), as well as of soy gardening and uses of soy, before and after a nutrition education training programme (NEP). The methods consisted of the four phases of the Food and Agriculture Organization framework for nutrition education. A structured nutrition education questionnaire (NEQ) consisting of 32 questions was developed. The NEQ was used to collect data both at baseline and at the end of a NEP in 75 purposively selected households. Descriptive statistics (frequencies) and paired t-tests were done to determine the statistically significant (P<0.05) differences in knowledge before and after the NEP. At baseline, the results showed a good knowledge of the FBDG as the majority of the respondents (66%) answered the questions correctly. Regarding soy, the knowledge of respondents improved significantly (P<0.05) from 65.0% correctly answered questions before the NEP to 74.1% after the NEP. It can be concluded that the NEP proved to be successful in teaching the caregivers about soy gardening and soy use in the household. It is recommended that memory retention is measured over a longer period and that soy gardens be implemented to further strengthen sustainability and to address household food insecurity and malnutrition. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.	Child caregivers; Malnutrition; Nutrition education; Soy gardening	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84937859588	Do we care about the distance to the CMB? Clarifying the impact of second-order lensing	Bonvin C., Clarkson C., Durrer R., Maartens R., Umeh O.	2015	Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics	2015	6	10.1088/1475-7516/2015/06/050	CERN, Theory Division, Geneva, Switzerland; Astrophysics, Cosmology and Gravity Centre, Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Département de Physique Théorique, Center for Astroparticle Physics, Université de Genève, Quai E. Ansermet 24, Genève 4, Switzerland; Physics Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa; Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom	Bonvin, C., CERN, Theory Division, Geneva, Switzerland; Clarkson, C., Astrophysics, Cosmology and Gravity Centre, Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Durrer, R., Département de Physique Théorique, Center for Astroparticle Physics, Université de Genève, Quai E. Ansermet 24, Genève 4, Switzerland; Maartens, R., Physics Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa, Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom; Umeh, O., Physics Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa	It has recently been shown that second-order corrections to the background distance-redshift relation can build up significantly at large redshifts, due to an aggregation of gravitational lensing events. This shifts the expectation value of the distance to the CMB by 1%. In this paper we show that this shift is already properly accounted for in standard CMB analyses. We clarify the role that the area distance to the CMB plays in the presence of second-order lensing corrections. © 2015 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab srl .	CMBR theory; cosmological parameters from CMBR; gravitational lensing	None	SNSF, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941551714	The impact of economic freedom on economic growth in the sadc: An individual component analysis	Gorlach V.I., le Roux P.	2015	Journal for Studies in Economics and Econometrics	39	2	None	CFA, South Africa; Department of Economics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa	Gorlach, V.I., CFA, South Africa; le Roux, P., Department of Economics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa	The SADC is attempting to achieve development and economic growth. This paper investigates the relationship between economic freedom - in aggregate and on an individual component basis - on economic growth in the SADC. The annual data for 13 SADC countries from 2000 to 2009 are used to construct a generalised method of moments, dynamic panel-data model. When cross-sectional dependence of the error term, individual- and time-specific effects are controlled, economic freedom and GDP per capita are positively related and freedom Granger-causes growth. Gross fixed capital formation and economic openness are positively related to growth but government consumption expenditure is an insignificant driver of growth in the SADC. All five individual components are highly significant and are positively related to growth; however, the magnitude of the elasticity parameters varies. The causality among the individual freedom components indicates that linkages exist between certain of these components. © 2015, Universiteit Stellenbosch. All rights reserved.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953364241	Innovative performance in African technical projects-A multi-level study	Seriki H.T., Hoegl M., Parboteeah K.P.	2010	Journal of World Business	45	3	10.1016/j.jwb.2009.09.010	Cielarko - International Management Consultants, 2 Hampstead House, 1 Fraser Road, Muizenberg 7945, Cape Town, South Africa; WHU - Otto Beisheim School of Management, Chair of Leadership and Human Resource Management, Burgplatz 2, 56179 Vallendar, Germany; Management Department, University of Wisconsin - Whitewater, Whitewater, WI 53190, United States	Seriki, H.T., Cielarko - International Management Consultants, 2 Hampstead House, 1 Fraser Road, Muizenberg 7945, Cape Town, South Africa; Hoegl, M., WHU - Otto Beisheim School of Management, Chair of Leadership and Human Resource Management, Burgplatz 2, 56179 Vallendar, Germany; Parboteeah, K.P., Management Department, University of Wisconsin - Whitewater, Whitewater, WI 53190, United States	In this paper, we discuss how the societal context of sub-Saharan Africa is related to the innovative performance of project teams. We developed propositions based on previous literature while also using insights from experts from the sub-Saharan section of Africa. We then tested these propositions using a case based approach. Specifically, we examined the propositions through interviews with team leaders in three companies located in sub-Saharan Africa (two located in Nigeria and one located in South Africa). This empirical examination of real-life project teams in sub-Saharan Africa led us to an improved understanding concerning the consequences of African societal characteristics for the innovative performance of teams. Essentially, our findings suggest that managers of African projects need to adapt their methods (1) to incorporate and utilize the diversity inherent in society, (2) to (re)direct the focus of entire projects towards creating value for human beings, and (3) to maintain acceptable and security-giving hierarchies. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our findings. © 2009 Elsevier Inc.	Diversity; Innovation; Project management; Sub-Saharan Africa; Teamwork	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84936886428	The Gendered Impacts of Agricultural Asset Transfer Projects: Lessons from the Manica Smallholder Dairy Development Program	Johnson N., Njuki J., Waithanji E., Nhambeto M., Rogers M., Kruger E.H.	2015	Gender, Technology and Development	19	2	10.1177/0971852415578041	CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, United States; Cultivate Africa’s Future, International Development Research Centre, Nairobi, Kenya; International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya; National Monitoring and Evaluation Officer, Land O’Lakes International Development, Chimoio-Manica, Mozambique; Brattle Group, Washington, DC, United States; Eden Prairie, Minnesota, United States	Johnson, N., CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, United States; Njuki, J., Cultivate Africa’s Future, International Development Research Centre, Nairobi, Kenya; Waithanji, E., International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya; Nhambeto, M., National Monitoring and Evaluation Officer, Land O’Lakes International Development, Chimoio-Manica, Mozambique; Rogers, M., Brattle Group, Washington, DC, United States; Kruger, E.H., Eden Prairie, Minnesota, United States	This article explores the gendered impacts of a development project that provided dairy training and a superior breed of cattle to households as part of a broader effort to develop a smallholder-friendly, market-oriented dairy value chain in the Manica province of Mozambique. The project first targeted households, registered cows in the names of the household heads, and, initially, trained these cow owners in various aspects of dairy production and marketing. Subsequently, the training was expanded to two members per household to increase the capacity within households to care for cows, a change that resulted in the training of a significant number of women. Using qualitative and quantitative data on dairy production and consumption, and on gendered control over income and assets, the article explores how men and women participated in and benefited from the Manica Smallholder Dairy Development Program (MSDDP). We found that despite being registered in the name of men, in practice, dairy cattle are in some cases viewed as jointly owned by both men and women. Beneficiary households dramatically increased dairy production and income, with men, women, and children all contributing labor to this endeavor. Women’s incentives for participation in dairy were less clear. Despite their recognized rights and responsibilities related to dairy cow management, women exercised relatively little control over milk and milk income as compared to men. This article explores the various monetary and nonmonetary benefits of MSDDP and dairying for women along with their implications for the level of effort put in by women, and the overall project outcomes. © 2015, © 2015 Asian Institute of Technology.	assets; dairy development; Gender; mixed methods; Mozambique; property rights	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84857837922	The world café in South Africa: A case study on improving performance and commitment	Eriaan O., Cady S.H.	2012	Organization Development Journal	30	1	None	ChangeWright Consulting, Johannesburg, South Africa	Eriaan, O., ChangeWright Consulting, Johannesburg, South Africa; Cady, S.H., ChangeWright Consulting, Johannesburg, South Africa	We present a case study based on a body of methodologies within a field referred to as whole system collaboration and change, large-group methods or interventions, and large-scale change. The World Café conversational process was utilized as part of an intervention designed to improve employee commitment and ensure continued effort in a service improvement program at an Information and Communications Technology (ICT) company. We describe the process for evaluating the impact of interventions; and, we report that the intervention appeared to improve an objective measure of performance and positively impact attitudes within the organization.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84919572776	Use of ground-penetrating radar for construction monitoring and evaluation of perpetual pavements	Li J., Walubita L.F., Simate G.S., Alvarez A.E., Liu W.	2015	Natural Hazards	75	1	10.1007/s11069-014-1314-1	Changsha University of Science and Technology (CUST), Changsha, Hunan, China; TTI, PVAMU - The Texas A&M University System, College Station, TX, United States; School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Magdalena, Santa Marta, Colombia; TTI, College Station, TX, United States	Li, J., Changsha University of Science and Technology (CUST), Changsha, Hunan, China, TTI, College Station, TX, United States; Walubita, L.F., TTI, PVAMU - The Texas A&M University System, College Station, TX, United States; Simate, G.S., School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Alvarez, A.E., Department of Civil Engineering, University of Magdalena, Santa Marta, Colombia; Liu, W., TTI, College Station, TX, United States	The inherent quality of perpetual pavement (PP) governs its performance, which consequently influences the frequency and level of the potential accidents during the whole service life.This paper presents the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) as a nondestructive testing (NDT) tool that was utilized for construction monitoring and evaluation of Texas (USA) perpetual pavements. The currently existing Texas PP sections typically consist of hot-mix asphalt layers of over 350-mm total thickness supported on a 200-mm-thick treated (6 % lime or 2 % cement) base, which is resting on a well-compacted in situ subgrade soil. Overall, the results indicate that the GPR has great potential as an effective NDT tool for aiding with the construction quality monitoring, forensic investigations, and structural/performance evaluation of PP structures. In particular, the GPR is useful in determining pavement layer thicknesses, assessing compaction uniformity, locating areas of moisture retention, identifying low-density spots and localized high voided areas, indicative assessment of vertical segregation and debonding, and quality assessment of construction joints. Additionally, the current GPR system has the advantage of rapidly and continuously collecting pavement data up to a depth of 610 mm, together with integrated video images and a GPS system, over any desired highway length while traveling at a nominal speed of about 113 km/h without disturbing conventional traffic. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.	Accidents; Construction; Density; Ground-penetrating radar; Moisture; Perpetual pavement	None	FHWA, Federal Highway Administration
Scopus	2-s2.0-84890016895	The Importance of Trust in Procurement Practices and Its Impact on Business Performance: An Empirical Investigation From the Perspective of the Buyer-Supplier Dyad	Dahwa M.P., Al-Hakim L., Ng E.	2013	Journal of Relationship Marketing	12	4	10.1080/15332667.2013.846768	Chartered Institute of Purchasing and Supply-Southern Africa, Pretoria, South Africa; School of Management and Marketing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia	Dahwa, M.P., Chartered Institute of Purchasing and Supply-Southern Africa, Pretoria, South Africa; Al-Hakim, L., School of Management and Marketing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia; Ng, E., School of Management and Marketing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia	This article investigates the importance of trust in procurement practices and its impact on business performance from the perspective of the buyer-supplier dyad within Zimbabwe's banking industry. This study was exploratory in nature and adopted the use of a case study methodology. The study involved 22 cases in the banking industry, with a total of 44 interviews being conducted. Findings revealed that 29 dimensions across 7 trust attributes in buyer-supplier procurement practices had an impact on business performance for firms in Zimbabwe's banking industry. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	banking; business to business; buyer-supplier procurement; relationships; trust theory; Zimbabwe	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84887138674	Why Namibian Farmers Are Satisfied With the Performance of Their Livestock Guarding Dogs	Potgieter G.C., Marker L.L., Avenant N.L., Kerley G.I.H.	2013	Human Dimensions of Wildlife	18	6	10.1080/10871209.2013.803211	Cheetah Conservation Fund, Otjiwarongo, Namibia; Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; National Museum of South Africa, Bloemfontein, South Africa; University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Potgieter, G.C., Cheetah Conservation Fund, Otjiwarongo, Namibia, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Marker, L.L., Cheetah Conservation Fund, Otjiwarongo, Namibia; Avenant, N.L., National Museum of South Africa, Bloemfontein, South Africa, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Kerley, G.I.H., Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa	The success of livestock guarding dogs (LGDs) in mitigating farmer-predator conflict relies on the perceptions of farmers that use them. Purebred LGDs are provided to Namibian farmers by the Cheetah Conservation Fund as a farmer-predator conflict mitigation measure. We examined the perceptions of farmers using 164 of these LGDs by analyzing data collected during face-to-face interviews from 2000-2010. Although most respondents reported reduced livestock losses since LGD introduction, satisfaction with LGD performance was more strongly linked to their observations of LGD behavior. The most commonly reported negative behaviors were staying home (29 LGDs, 18%) and chasing wildlife (25 LGDs, 15%). On subsistence farms, care provided was negatively correlated with LGD age (r = -.34, n = 35, p =.04) and LGDs reportedly staying home were provided with less care than other LGDs. Overall, LGDs performed satisfactorily on commercial and subsistence farms, and thus contributed to farmer-predator conflict mitigation. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	farmer perceptions; human-wildlife conflict; livestock losses; Namibia	None	National Research Foundation
WoS	WOS:000303928900011	Impact of a hospital improvement initiative in Bangladesh on patient experiences and satisfaction with services: two cross-sectional studies	Andersson, Neil,Cockcroft, Anne,Omer, Khalid	2011	BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH	11	None	10.1186/1472-6963-11-S2-S10	CIET Pakistan, CIET Trust Botswana, Univ Autonoma Guerrero	None	Background: The Bangladesh government implemented a pilot Hospital Improvement Initiative (HII) in five hospitals in Sylhet division between 1998 and 2003. This included management and behaviour change training for staff, waste disposal and procurement, and referral arrangements. Two linked cross-sectional surveys in 2000 and 2003 assessed the impact of the HII, assessing both patients' experience and satisfaction and public views and use of the hospitals. Methods: In each survey we asked 300 consecutive outpatients and a stratified random sample of 300 inpatients in the five hospitals about waiting and consultation time, use of an agent for admission, and satisfaction with privacy, cleanliness, and staff behaviour. The field teams observed cleanliness and privacy arrangements, and visited a sample of households in communities near the hospitals to ask about their opinions and use of the hospital services. Analysis examined changes over time in patients' experience and views. Multivariate analysis took account of other variables potentially associated with the outcomes. Survey managers discussed the survey findings with gender stratified focus groups in each sample community. Results: Compared with 2000, an outpatient in three of the hospitals in 2003 was more likely to be seen within 10 minutes and for at least five minutes by the doctor, but outpatients were less likely to report receiving all the prescribed medicines from the hospital. In 2003, inpatients were more likely to have secured admission without using an agent. Although patients' satisfaction with several aspects of care improved, most changes were not statistically significant. Households in 2003 were significantly more likely to rate the hospitals as good than in 2000. Use of the hospitals did not change, except that more households used the medical college hospital for inpatient care in 2003. Focus groups confirmed criticisms of services and suggested improvements. Conclusion: Improvements in some aspects of patients' experience may have been due to the programme, but the decreased availability of medicines in government facilities across the country over the period also occurred in these hospitals. Monitoring patients' experience and satisfaction as well as public views and use of hospital services is feasible and useful for assessing service interventions.	,CARE,FRAMEWORK,NATIONAL-SURVEY,PERFORMANCE,"PRIVATE HOSPITALS",QUALITY,QUESTIONNAIRE,RELIABILITY	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-71949105375	Environmental impacts of Sheba tannery (Ethiopia) effluents on the surrounding water bodies	Gebrekidan A., Gebresellasie G., Mulugeta A.	2009	Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia	23	2	None	Chemistry Department, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekele, Ethiopia	Gebrekidan, A., Chemistry Department, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekele, Ethiopia; Gebresellasie, G., Chemistry Department, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekele, Ethiopia; Mulugeta, A., Chemistry Department, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekele, Ethiopia	The levels of hexavalent chromium from direct and treated Sheba tannery effluents, downstream river and spring water samples and upstream river water samples were determined spectrophotometrically by the s-diphenylcarbazide method at 340 nm. Temporal and representative samples were collected from the untreated tannery effluent (S1), sedimentation pond (S2), chromium oxidation pond (S3), downstream river (S4), downstream spring (S5) and 5 kms upstream river (S6). The mean levels of hexavalent chromium in S1, S2, S 3, S4, S5 and S6 were 10.54, 9.15, 7.82, 0.58, 0.54 and 0.015 mg/L, respectively. The levels of hexavalent chromium in the downstream river and spring water samples exceed the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limit of total chromium in drinking waters (0.05 mg/L) as opposed to the levels in the upstream waters. The increased concentrations of Cr(VI) in the water samples indicate the possible environmental pollution of the downstream water bodies by the Sheba tannery effluents. In view of the toxicity and related environmental hazards, the levels of hexavalent chromium from the Sheba tannery effluents must be reduced to a permissible limit before discharging into the down stream waters being used for domestic purposes by the nearby communities. © 2009 Chemical Society of Ethiopia.	Environmental pollution; Ethiopia; Hexavalent chromium; S-diphenycarbazide; Tannery effluents	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896495824	Hemilabile imino-phosphine palladium(II) complexes: Synthesis, molecular structure, and evaluation in Heck reactions	Motswainyana W.M., Onani M.O., Lalancette R.A., Tarus P.K.	2014	Chemical Papers	68	7	10.2478/s11696-013-0530-6	Chemistry Department, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, 7535 Bellville, South Africa; Carl A. Olson Memorial Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, United States; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya	Motswainyana, W.M., Chemistry Department, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, 7535 Bellville, South Africa; Onani, M.O., Chemistry Department, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, 7535 Bellville, South Africa; Lalancette, R.A., Carl A. Olson Memorial Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, United States; Tarus, P.K., Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya	The ligands 2-(diphenylphosphino)benzyl-(2-thiophene)methylimine (V) and 2-(diphenylphosphino) benzyl-(2-thiophene)ethylimine (VI) were prepared from 2-(diphenylphosphino)benzaldehyde and thiophene amines with very good yields. An equimolar reaction of V and VI with either PdCl2(cod) (cod = cyclooctadiene) or PdClMe(cod) afforded palladium(II) complexes I-IV. The molecular structure of II was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. The coordination geometry around the palladium atom exhibited distorted square planar geometry at the palladium centre. Complexes I, II, and IV were evaluated as catalysts for Heck coupling reactions of iodobenzene with methyl acrylate under mild reaction conditions; 0.1 mole % catalyst, Et3N base, MeCN reflux for 8 h, 80 C; isolated yield on a 10 mmol scale with catalyst I (64 %), II (68 %), and IV (58 %). They all exhibited significant activities. © 2013 Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences.	Heck reaction; imino-phosphine; palladium; Schiff-base molecular structures	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874911480	Synthesis, characterisation, docking analysis and biological evaluation of α,α′-bis(p-dimethylaminobenzylidene)-γ- methylcyclohexanone	Shalini S., Girija C.R., Karunakar P., Jotani M.M., Venugopala K.N., Venkatesha T.V.	2013	Indian Journal of Chemistry - Section B Organic and Medicinal Chemistry	52	2	None	Chemistry Research Centre, SSMRV Degree College, 4th 'T' Block, Jayanagar, Bangalore 560 041, India; Department of Biotechnology, PES Institute of Technology, BSK III Stage, Bangalore 560 085, India; Department of Physics, Bhavan's Sheth R. A. College of Science, Khanpur, Ahmedabad 380 001, India; Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa; Department of Chemistry, Jnana Sahyadri, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta 577 451, India	Shalini, S., Chemistry Research Centre, SSMRV Degree College, 4th 'T' Block, Jayanagar, Bangalore 560 041, India; Girija, C.R., Chemistry Research Centre, SSMRV Degree College, 4th 'T' Block, Jayanagar, Bangalore 560 041, India; Karunakar, P., Department of Biotechnology, PES Institute of Technology, BSK III Stage, Bangalore 560 085, India; Jotani, M.M., Department of Physics, Bhavan's Sheth R. A. College of Science, Khanpur, Ahmedabad 380 001, India; Venugopala, K.N., Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa; Venkatesha, T.V., Department of Chemistry, Jnana Sahyadri, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta 577 451, India	α,α′-bis(p-Dimethylaminobenzylidene)-γ- methylcyclohexanone (BMABMC) C25H30ON2, has been synthesised and characterised by elemental analysis, 1H and 13C NMR, mass spectroscopic techniques and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The single crystal XRD studies of the title compound reveals the presence of C-H⋯O intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions linking inversion-related molecules into a dimer forming a ring of graph set R2 2(22). The antibacterial activitiy of the compound has been screened in vitro against the organisms. To evaluate the inhibition of HIV-1 integrase activity, molecular docking was performed and the study reveals a hydrophobic interaction with the catalytic core residues showing moderate inhibitory activity on HIV-1 integrase. The semi-empirical quantum chemical calculations were also performed using MOPAC2009 (PM3) for optimization of the geometry and the chemical activity of molecule. HOMO-LUMO transition implied an electron density transfer from C-N and C-C bonds at the edge of the molecule towards C-O and C-C bonds linked to central distorted cyclohexanone ring. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap of 7.778 eV reflects the chemical activity of the molecule thereby resulting charge transfer interaction.	Antimicrobial activity; Crystal structure; Cyclohexanone derivatives; Molecular docking analysis; MOPAC calculations	None	None
WoS	WOS:000312264200025	Training hospital providers in basic CPR skills in Botswana: Acquisition, retention and impact of novel training techniques	Boulet, John R.,Church, Kasey K.,Davis, Amanda,Irving, Sharon Y.,Kestler, Andrew M.,Mazhani, Loeto,Meaney, Peter A.,Nadkarni, Vinay M.,Niles, Dana E.,Shilkofski, Nicole,Steenhoff, Andrew P.,Sutton, Robert M.,Tsima, Billy	2012	RESUSCITATION	83	12	10.1016/j.resuscitation.2012.04.014	Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia, Thomas Jefferson University, University of Botswana, University of Pennsylvania, Botswana Univ Pennsylvania Partnership, Fdn Adv Int Med Educ & Res, Perdana Univ	"Church, Kasey K.: Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia","Church, Kasey K.: University of Pennsylvania","Davis, Amanda: Thomas Jefferson University","Kestler, Andrew M.: University of Botswana","Mazhani, Loeto: University of Botswana","Meaney, Peter A.: Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia","Meaney, Peter A.: University of Pennsylvania","Tsima, Billy: University of Botswana",	Objective: Globally, one third of deaths each year are from cardiovascular diseases, yet no strong evidence supports any specific method of CPR instruction in a resource-limited setting. We hypothesized that both existing and novel CPR training programs significantly impact skills of hospital-based healthcare providers (HCP) in Botswana. Methods: HCP were prospectively randomized to 3 training groups: instructor led, limited instructor with manikin feedback, or self-directed learning. Data was collected prior to training, immediately after and at 3 and 6 months. Excellent CPR was prospectively defined as having at least 4 of 5 characteristics: depth, rate, release, no flow fraction, and no excessive ventilation. GEE was performed to account for within subject correlation. Results: Of 214 HCP trained, 40% resuscitate &gt;= 1/month, 28% had previous formal CPR training, and 65% required additional skills remediation to pass using AHA criteria. Excellent CPR skill acquisition was significant (infant: 32% vs. 71%, p &lt; 0.01; adult 28% vs. 48%, p &lt; 0.01). Infant CPR skill retention was significant at 3 (39% vs. 70%, p &lt; 0.01) and 6 months (38% vs. 67%, p &lt; 0.01), and adult CPR skills were retained to 3 months (34% vs. 51%, p = 0.02). On multivariable analysis, low cognitive score and need for skill remediation, but not instruction method, impacted CPR skill performance. Conclusions: HCP in resource-limited settings resuscitate frequently, with little CPR training. Using existing training, HCP acquire and retain skills, yet often require remediation. Novel techniques with increased student: instructor ratio and feedback manikins were not different compared to traditional instruction. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.	"BASIC LIFE SUPPORT","CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION","CHEST COMPRESSION",COMPETENCE,CPR,"DEVELOPING COUNTRIES","emergency training",manikin,"resource-limited setting","RESUSCITATION EDUCATION","BLS SKILLS",CARDIOPULMONARY-RESUSCITATION,DEVELOPING-COUNTRIE	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953163559	Quantitative evaluation of third year medical students' perception and satisfaction from problem based learning in anatomy: A pilot study of the introduction of problem based learning into the traditional didactic medical curriculum in Nigeria	Saalu L.C., Abraham A.A., Aina W.O.	2010	Educational Research and Reviews	5	4	None	Department of Anatomy, Lagos State University College of Medicine (LASUCOM), Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria	Saalu, L.C., Department of Anatomy, Lagos State University College of Medicine (LASUCOM), Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria; Abraham, A.A., Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Aina, W.O., Department of Anatomy, Lagos State University College of Medicine (LASUCOM), Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria	Problem-based learning (PBL) is a method of teaching that uses hypothetical clinical cases, individual investigation and group process. In recent years, in medical education, problem-based learning (PBL) has increasingly been adopted as the preferred pedagogy in many countries around the world. Controversy, however, still exists as the potential benefits and overall outcome of PBL over traditional didactic learning (TDL). The present study compared the learning effectiveness of PBL with TDL using both experimental method (students' performance in examination) and observational method (students' responses to questionnaires). The self-administered questionnaires measured learning outcomes and acquisition of interpersonal skills on a 5-point Likert type rating scale of 1 (strongly agree) - 5 (strongly disagree). The study population comprised third year medical students of Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria. Half of the new innovative Human Anatomy curriculum was thought using PBL and the other half using TDL. The PBL method resulted in better examination scores than TDL for the same students. A majority of students felt that, the PBL sessions were better at fulfilling learning objectives, gave better factual knowledge of Anatomy, promoted better student participation in the learning process, provided more learning fun, ensured more students team work and interpersonal skills acquisition and enabled more students' reflective/critical thinking and reasoning of anatomy, as compared to traditional teaching methods. Most of the students opined that more such sessions should be organized in the future. The main disadvantage perceived was that, it was time-consuming. We conclude that, based on the examination scores and the responses of the students, PBL are more successful than TDL. © 2010 Academic Journals.	Medical students; Perception; Problem based learning; Traditional didactic learning	None	None
WoS	WOS:000305004400012	Developing and Evaluating the Social Axioms Survey in Eleven Countries: Its Relationship With the Five-Factor Model of Personality	Amponsah, Benjamin,Boehnke, Klaus,Bond, Michael Harris,Burgess, Steven Michael,Busch, Holger,Conway, Lucian Gideon, III,Dominguez Espinosa, Alejandra del Carmen,Dragolov, Georgi,Fardis, Makon,Fukuzawa, Ai,Golestaneh, Maha,Gornick, Laura Janelle,Hofer, Jan	2012	JOURNAL OF CROSS-CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY	43	5	10.1177/0022022111416361	Chinese Academy of Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Jacobs University, National Research University - Higher School of Economics, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, University of Bergen, University of Cape Town, University of Ghana, University of Haifa, University of Montana, University of Montana System, University of Tokyo, Zhejiang University, Univ Iberoamer, Univ Osnabruck	"Amponsah, Benjamin: University of Ghana","Boehnke, Klaus: Jacobs University","Bond, Michael Harris: Hong Kong Polytechnic University","Burgess, Steven Michael: University of Cape Town","Conway, Lucian Gideon, III: University of Montana","Conway, Lucian Gideon, III: University of Montana System","Dragolov, Georgi: Jacobs University","Fukuzawa, Ai: University of Tokyo","Golestaneh, Maha: University of Cape Town","Gornick, Laura Janelle: University of Montana","Gornick, Laura Janelle: University of Montana System","Ismail, Rosnah: Universiti Malaysia Sabah","Kurman, Jenny: University of Haifa","Lam, Ben C. P.: Hong Kong Polytechnic University","Lebedeva, Nadezhda: National Research University - Higher School of Economics","Leung, Kwok: City University of Hong Kong","Mendes Teixeira, Maria Luisa: Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie","Sam, David Lackland: University of Bergen","Tatarko, Alexander N.: National Research University - Higher School of Economics","Yamaguchi, Susumu: University of Tokyo","Zhang, Jianxin: Chinese Academy of Sciences","Zhou, Fan: Zhejiang University",	Based on a deductive, culturally decentered approach, new items were generated to improve the reliability of the original Social Axioms Survey, which measures individuals' general beliefs about the world. In Study 1, results from 11 countries support the original five-factor structure and achieve higher reliability for the axiom dimensions as measured by the new scale. Moreover, moderate but meaningful associations between axiom and Big-Five personality dimensions were found. Temporal change of social axioms at the culture level was examined and found to be moderate. In Study 2, additional new items were generated for social complexity and fate control, then assessed in Hong Kong and the United States. Reliability was further improved for both dimensions. Additionally, two subfactors of fate control were identified: fate determinism and fate alterability. Fate determinism, but not fate alterability, related positively to neuroticism. Other relationships between axiom and personality dimensions were similar to those reported in Study 1. The short forms of the axiom dimensions were generally reliable and correlated highly with the long forms. This research thus provides a stronger foundation for applying the construct of social axioms around the world.	ATTITUDES,BELIEFS,PERSONALITY,"SOCIAL COGNITION",VALUES,ADJUSTMENT,BELIEFS,FIT,ILLUSTRATION,PERSPECTIVE,TESTS,TRANSMISSION,UNIVERSAL,VALUES	None	None
WoS	WOS:000209108100013	Assessing the impact of TB/HIV services integration on TB treatment outcomes and their relevance in TB/HIV monitoring in Ghana	Ansa, Gloria Akosua,Siddiqi, Kamran,Walley, John D.,Wei, Xiaolin	2012	INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF POVERTY	1	None	10.1186/2049-9957-1-13	Chinese University of Hong Kong, University of Ghana, University of Leeds, University of York - UK	"Ansa, Gloria Akosua: University of Ghana","Siddiqi, Kamran: University of York - UK","Walley, John D.: University of Leeds","Wei, Xiaolin: Chinese University of Hong Kong"	Background: The impact of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on tuberculosis (TB), and the implications for TB and HIV control, is a public health challenge in Ghana - almost a quarter (23%) of all TB cases were HIV positive in 2010. The integration of TB/HIV services has therefore emerged as an essential component of the national response to TB and HIV. The aim is to reduce fragmentation, improve access, enhance efficiency and improve quality of care. Ghana's TB/HIV policy comprises three linked sets of activities: effective implementation of the Stop TB Strategy for TB control, improved HIV prevention and care, and the implementation of additional TB/HIV activities. Different models of service delivery with increasing integration of TB/HIV activities are expected to provide greater access to more comprehensive care. The objective of this paper is to assess the impact of TB/HIV integration on TB treatment outcomes and to explore the usefulness of TB treatment outcomes as TB/HIV indicators. Methods: A before-and-after study to observe the introduction of TB/HIV activities into TB programmes in three hospitals with different levels of integration was conducted. Anonymised patient data was collated from TB registers from each facility, and analysed to determine if TB treatment outcomes changed significantly after integration. Results: TB treatment success was 50% (95% CI 49 - 52) prior to, and 69% (95% CI 65 - 73) after, integration (chi(2) 43.96, p &lt; 0.00). Treatment success increased from 43% to 53% at the one-stop shop (OSS), from 69% to 78% at the partially integrated site (PIS) and substantially from 46% to 78% at the referral site (RS) (chi(2) 64.54; p&lt;0.01). Defaults and cases transferred out reduced from 14.3% and 15.3% prior to integration, to 1.4% and 9.0% after integration, respectively, accounting for a significant increase in treatment success. Death rates remained high at 18% in all cases studied and 25% in HIV-associated cases after integration. Conclusion: TB/HIV integration may improve TB treatment success, but its exact impact is difficult to ascertain due to non-specificity and design limitations. TB mortality may be more useful as an indicator for monitoring TB/HIV activities in Ghana.	HIV,indicator,INTEGRATION,"one-stop shop","partial integration",REFERRAL,"TREATMENT OUTCOME",TUBERCULOSIS	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80455127170	Executive directors' contracts: Poor performance rewarded	Dandira M.	2011	Business Strategy Series	12	3	10.1108/17515631111130121	Chinhoyi University of Technology, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe	Dandira, M., Chinhoyi University of Technology, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe	Purpose To help companies find ways of reducing costs when an executive director leaves an organisation because of poor performance or at the end of a contract. Design/methodology/approach The author has conducted research in organizations that have executives on contracts for three to five years, identifies how executive directors are heavily rewarded when their contract ends voluntarily or involuntarily. Researches in organisations have shown that if you sign a contract as an executive director there is no incentive for excellent performance because most contracts of executives are designed in such a way that poor performance can be rewarded indirectly. Findings Very few executives in Zimbabwe work through their contracts up to the end especially in parastatals due to what is perceived as poor performance but they are always met with a "golden handshake" as they call it though they have not contributed much except the demise of the organisation. Practical implications Ways are provided for organisations to follow and try to mitigate the costs of paying executives when they leave organisations unceremoniously or when their contracts end without renewal. Originality/value This paper gives practical advice from situations in organizations and helps organisations to take into account the costs implications involved when an executive director leaves the organisation before the end of contract or poor performance. © 2011 Emerald Group Publishing Limited. All rights reserved.	Balanced scorecards; Glass ceilings; Severance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79957520713	The impact of executive directors' service contracts on strategic plan	Dandira M.	2011	Business Strategy Series	12	1	10.1108/17515631111106830	Chinhoyi University of Technology, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe	Dandira, M., Chinhoyi University of Technology, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe	Purpose The purpose of this paper is to help boards of directors to find ways of establishing continuity in the strategic plan when strategists are employed on contract leave before the end of the strategic plan period. Design/methodology/approach The author has conducted research in organisations that have executives on contracts of three to five years, and identifies how strategic plans are negatively affected when executives on contract especially top management leave organisations when their contracts ends. Research in organisations has shown that strategic plans usually have longer periods than the contract of the strategist, and contract renewal is sometimes not obvious. Findings The length of the strategist's contract and the length of the strategic plan have not been taken into account when crafting strategic plans in organisations and appointing executive directors. This scenario has caused a lot of strategy failures. Practical implications Ways are provided for boards of directors and organisations to foster a culture of continuity of the strategic plan even when executives leave the organisation unceremoniously or when their contracts end and are not renewed. Originality/value This paper gives practical advice from situations in organisations and helps boards of directors to take into account the duration of strategic plans when employing executives. © 2011 Emerald Group Publishing Limited. All rights reserved.	Contract workers; Corporate strategy; Mission achievement; Strategic planning	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84952326333	Non-uniformity of storm impacts on three high-energy embayed beaches	Loureiro C., Ferreira O., Cooper J.A.G.	2014	Journal of Coastal Research	70	None	10.2112/SI70-055.1	CIMA - Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, Universidade Do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Centre for Coastal and Marine Research, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom; Geological Sciences, School of Agriculture, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, South Africa	Loureiro, C., CIMA - Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, Universidade Do Algarve, Faro, Portugal, Centre for Coastal and Marine Research, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom, Geological Sciences, School of Agriculture, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, South Africa; Ferreira, O., CIMA - Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, Universidade Do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Cooper, J.A.G., Centre for Coastal and Marine Research, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom, Geological Sciences, School of Agriculture, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, South Africa	Coastal storms are highly significant and destructive events and important natural hazards that have major impacts upon the physical and human-cultural coastline environments. Exceptional coastal storms in the last decades have emphasized the urgent need to reinforce scientific knowledge regarding the frequency, impact and role of these extreme events. This is particularly relevant for embayed beaches, where geomorphological control promotes characteristic morphodynamic responses that are distinct from the better studied long-linear beaches. This paper analyses storm response from datasets of morphological change obtained from three embayments located in three distinct wave environments. Analysis of the morphological response to extreme storm events, particularly the 2007 March Equinox storm in eastern South Africa, the January-February 2009 storm group in southwestern Portugal and the December 2011-January 2012 storm group in northwestern Ireland, demonstrate that storm-induced morphological change in the Durban Bight, Arrifana beach and Portstewart Strand is highly variable alongshore. Retreat values for the mean high water spring shoreline are shown to differ significantly within each embayment. This alongshore non-uniform response to storm-events is attributed to boundary effects triggered by the presence of natural headlands or outcrops and/or artificial engineering structures. Megarip development drives variability in storm response in Arrifana, while wave shadowing and interruption of longshore sediment movement under south-easterly/west-northwesterly storm waves promotes the northward/westward increase in shoreline retreat in the Durban Bight and Portstewart Strand, respectively. Boundary effects significantly influence short-term morphodynamic behaviour during storms and, consequently, determine alongshore non-uniform morphologic response to storm events, irrespective of embayment dimensions and event magnitude. © Coastal Education & Research Foundation 2014.	alongshore variability; beach surveys; erosion; geological control	None	None
WoS	WOS:000282120600024	Educational impact of a hospital-based neonatal resuscitation program in Ghana	Barker, Pierre,Bookman, Laurel,Engmann, Cyril,Enweronu-Laryea, Christabel,Owen, Medge,Price, Wayne,Randolph, Greg,Srofenyoh, Emmanuel	2010	RESUSCITATION	81	9	10.1016/j.resuscitation.2010.04.034	Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of North Carolina, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Wake Forest University, Korle Bu Teaching Hosp, Ridge Reg Hosp	"Barker, Pierre: University of North Carolina","Barker, Pierre: University of North Carolina Chapel Hill","Bookman, Laurel: Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center","Engmann, Cyril: University of North Carolina","Engmann, Cyril: University of North Carolina Chapel Hill","Owen, Medge: Wake Forest University","Price, Wayne: University of North Carolina","Price, Wayne: University of North Carolina Chapel Hill","Randolph, Greg: University of North Carolina","Randolph, Greg: University of North Carolina Chapel Hill",	Aim of the study: To assess midwives' baseline cognitive knowledge of evidence-based neonatal resuscitation practices, and short- and long-term educational effects of teaching a neonatal resuscitation program in a hospital setting in West Africa. Methods: All midwives (n = 14) on the labor ward at Ridge Hospital in Ghana were trained using materials modified from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP). This training program included didactic and practical teaching and was assessed by direct observation within delivery rooms and written pre- and post-test evaluations. Written and practical modules 9-12 months after the initial training session were also conducted to assess retention of NRP knowledge and skills. Results: Fourteen midwives received NRP training on the labor ward. Both written and practical evaluation of neonatal resuscitation skills increased after training. The percentage of items answered correctly on the written examination increased from 56% pre-training to 71% post-training (p &lt;0.01). The percentage of items performed correctly on the practical evaluation of skills increased from 58% pre-training to 81% (p &lt;0.01). These results were sustained 9-12 months after the initial training session. Conclusion: After receiving NRP training, neonatal resuscitation knowledge and skills increased among midwives in a hospital in West Africa and were sustained over a 9-month period. This finding demonstrates the sustained effectiveness of a modified neonatal resuscitation training program in a resource constrained setting. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.	GHANA,"Hospital-based educational program","international outreach","neonatal resuscitation program",COURSES,MORTALITY,"PEDIATRIC RESIDENTS","PERINATAL ASPHYXIA"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903174071	Early impact of oil palm planting density on vegetative and oil yield variables in West Africa	Bonneau X., Vandessel P., Buabeng M., Erhahuyi C.	2014	OCL - Oilseeds and fats	21	4	10.1051/ocl/2014009	CIRAD, TA B-34, 02 Avenue Agropolis, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France; SIAT, Presco-plc, km 22 Benin-Sapele road, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria	Bonneau, X., CIRAD, TA B-34, 02 Avenue Agropolis, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France; Vandessel, P., SIAT, Presco-plc, km 22 Benin-Sapele road, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria; Buabeng, M., SIAT, Presco-plc, km 22 Benin-Sapele road, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria; Erhahuyi, C., SIAT, Presco-plc, km 22 Benin-Sapele road, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria	A range of various different planting distances (from 7.5 to 9.5 m) between oil palms were tested using an equilateral triangle design in a plantation density experiment which was settled in an oil palm commercial plantation in Nigeria. Climatic conditions were quite stable, with two seasons and around 2000 mm of annual rainfall. The soil was of desaturated ferralitic type, sandy on the surface, deep and without coarse elements. The early impact of plantation density was analysed at eight years after planting. Some early signs of depressive effect on yields were found for high planting densities (180 and 205 p/ha). Such a negative impact was not severe enough to counteract the effects of a higher number of palms per hectare. As a consequence, a gradient could be observed as yields (in tons of bunches per hectare) increased with density. We can anticipate that the competition effect between palms will increase over time with high densities, so that the counteracting point ought to be reached in a few years. A thinning treatment has been included in the protocol. Thinning was carried out at the end of the eight-year period. © 2014 published by EDP Sciences.	Oil palm; Planting density; Spacing; Thinning; Yield	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79959751367	Irrigation in West-African Sahel. Diversity of practices and levels of performance [L'agriculture irriguée dans le Sahel ouest-africain :Diversité des pratiques et des performances]	Barbier B., Ouedraogo H., Dembélé Y., Yacouba H., Barry B., Jamin J.-Y.	2011	Cahiers Agricultures	20	42371	10.1684/agr.2011.0475	Cirad, UMR G-Eau, 01 BP 596 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso; Cirad, UMR G-Eau, 73, rue Jean-François Breton TA C-90/15, 34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France; GVEA, 01 BP 594 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso; Arid s/c 2iE, 01 BP 594 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso; Inera, 04 BP 8645 Ouagadougou 04, Burkina Faso; IWMI, PMB CT 112, Cantonments, Accra, Ghana	Barbier, B., Cirad, UMR G-Eau, 01 BP 596 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso, Cirad, UMR G-Eau, 73, rue Jean-François Breton TA C-90/15, 34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France, GVEA, 01 BP 594 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso; Ouedraogo, H., Arid s/c 2iE, 01 BP 594 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso; Dembélé, Y., Inera, 04 BP 8645 Ouagadougou 04, Burkina Faso; Yacouba, H., GVEA, 01 BP 594 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso; Barry, B., IWMI, PMB CT 112, Cantonments, Accra, Ghana; Jamin, J.-Y., Cirad, UMR G-Eau, 73, rue Jean-François Breton TA C-90/15, 34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France	Irrigation in SahelianWest African countries covers a wide variety of systems and practices. In this paper, we discuss various technical and managerial options including free or controlled submersion, improved inland valleys, flood recession cropping, and full control in small and large irrigation schemes through a classification developed by national experts in five Sahelian countries. Governments are currently promoting two strategies. One is based on large schemes, with foreign or national private investment. The other is based on small private irrigation approches.Water constraints are not very strongly taken into account, as the priority is to develop new schemes in order to reach food security for fast growing cities.	Irrigation methods; Sahel; Water management	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-44049097413	Ergonomic evaluation and energy requirements of bread-baking operations in south western Nigeria	Jekayinfa S.O.	2008	Nutrition and Food Science	38	3	10.1108/00346650810871920	Department of Agricultural Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria	Jekayinfa, S.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria	Purpose - In Nigeria, local fabricators of agro-processing equipment have designed and manufactured various improvised versions of imported bread-baking machines without due ergonomic considerations. Also, most of the processes of bread baking in Nigeria largely involve manual materials handling, which continues to represent a major loss source in the work place. The manual operations besides being uncomfortable are characterized by low output and unhygienic products. A study was therefore conducted in three southwestern states of Nigeria with the purpose of evaluating the energy requirements and man-machine relationships in bread-baking operations. Design/methodology/approach - The study, which lasted over one year, involved the use of three fuel sources namely, firewood, electricity and cooking gas during bread baking operations. Questionnaire and physical measurements were employed for data collection from 50 bakeries randomly selected within the study area. The data points include the environmental and body temperatures, anthropometrical data, bio data, injury data, metabolic and production measurements. Findings - The results of the study revealed that bread-baking with wood as energy source required the highest energy (6.15 kJ/min) compared with 3.37 kJ/min and 1.52 kJ/min obtained with gas and electricity as sources of energy, respectively. The cost of energy per kg of baked bread was 7.58 with cooking gas followed by 6.05 for electricity and 5.05 for wood in that order. The average baking rate (BR) using firewood, gas and electricity as energy sources were, respectively, 11.92, 17.97 and 20.58 kg/h. Analysis of metabolic data showed moderate (not to a lethal level) increase in the subjects' body temperatures, blood pressures and heart rates after bread-baking operations. Originality/value - The study suggests that bread-baking operations could be categorized as a light grade work and that the use of electricity as energy source is the most appropriate in terms of bread-BR and unit energy requirement.	Bakery products; Energy sources; Ergonomics; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84921469715	Urban transport safety assessment in Akure based on corresponding performance indicators	Oye A., Aderinlewo O., Croope S.	2013	Central European Journal of Engineering	3	1	10.2478/s13531-012-0043-z	Civil Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Delaware Department of Transportation, Delaware, United States	Oye, A., Civil Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Aderinlewo, O., Civil Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Croope, S., Delaware Department of Transportation, Delaware, United States	The level of safety of the transportation system in Akure, Nigeria was assessed by identifying the associated road safety problems and developing the corresponding safety performance indicators. These indicators were analysed with respect to accidents that occurred within the city from the year 2005 to 2009 based on the corresponding attributable risk measures. The results of the analysis showed the state of existing safety programs in Akure town. Six safety performance indicators were identified namely alcohol and drug use, excessive speeds, protection system (use of seat belts and helmets), use of day time running lights, state of vehicles (passive safety) and road condition. These indicators were used to determine the percentage of injury accidents as follows: 83.33% and 86.36% for years 2005 and 2006 respectively, 81.46% for year 2007 while years 2008 and 2009 had 82.86% and 78.12% injury accidents respectively. © Versita sp. z o.o.	Attributable risk; Injury accidents; Protection system; Safety performance indicators; Vulnerability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-69149088963	Evaluation of causes of retaining wall failure	Abdullahi M.M.	2009	Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies	7	14	None	Civil Engineering, F.U.T., P.M.B. 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria	Abdullahi, M.M., Civil Engineering, F.U.T., P.M.B. 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria	Retaining structures are vital geotechnical structure, because the topography of the earth surface is a combination of plain, sloppy and undulating terrain. The retaining wall resists thrust of a bank of earth as well as providing soil stability of a change of ground elevation. Earth pressures on retaining wall are designed from theories of Soil Mechanics, but unfortunately the engineers using them do not always realize the significance of the assumption in their development. This is usually accompanied by with failure and partial failures because of designed based on rules and formulae that fit only limited conditions. In addition there are also problems of using bad backfill materials without taking precautionary measures against built-up of hydrostatic pressure by provision of drainage and also poor workmanship.	Backfill; Earth pressure; Hydrostatic pressure; Retaining wall	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84865818749	Vulnerability, impacts, and adaptation to sea level rise taking an ecosystem-based approach	Alverson K.	2012	Oceanography	25	3	10.5670/oceanog.2012.101	Climate Change Adaptation and Terrestrial Ecosystems Branch, Climate Adaptation Unit, United Nations Environment Programme Division of Environmental Policy Implementation, Nairobi, Kenya	Alverson, K., Climate Change Adaptation and Terrestrial Ecosystems Branch, Climate Adaptation Unit, United Nations Environment Programme Division of Environmental Policy Implementation, Nairobi, Kenya	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79951786726	Women war survivors of the 1989-2003 conflict in Liberia: The impact of sexual and gender-based violence	Liebling-Kalifani H., Mwaka V., Ojiambo-Ochieng R., Were-Oguttu J., Kinyanda E., Kwekwe D., Howard L., Danuweli C.	2011	Journal of International Women's Studies	12	1	None	Clinical Psychology, Coventry University, Makerere University, Uganda; Makerere University, Uganda; Isis-Women's International Cross Cultural Exchange, Kampala, Uganda; Information and Documentation at Isis-WICCE, Uganda; MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Uganda; Ministry of Gender and Development, Cottingham University, Liberia; University of York, United Kingdom; University of Liberia, Liberia	Liebling-Kalifani, H., Clinical Psychology, Coventry University, Makerere University, Uganda; Mwaka, V., Makerere University, Uganda; Ojiambo-Ochieng, R., Isis-Women's International Cross Cultural Exchange, Kampala, Uganda; Were-Oguttu, J., Information and Documentation at Isis-WICCE, Uganda; Kinyanda, E., MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Uganda; Kwekwe, D., Ministry of Gender and Development, Cottingham University, Liberia; Howard, L., University of York, United Kingdom; Danuweli, C., University of Liberia, Liberia	This article presents a summary of the qualitative data from research carried out in post-conflict Liberia by Isis-WICCE, a women's international non-government organisation, in conjunction with the Ministry of Gender and Development of Liberia and Women in Peace-building Network, WIPNET. Analysis of research findings detail women's experiences of conflict and the serious effects of sexual violence and torture on their physical and psychological health. The paper also describes the omission of women from justice and rehabilitation processes. In support of women participants' views, the authors' recommend that funding is urgently required for the provision of holistic and sustainable, gender- sensitive services. Additional recommendations are made with respect to health, justice and policy changes in line with enhancing women survivor's roles and utilising their skills and resilience.	Gender-based violence; Liberia; Sexual; War; Women	None	None
None	None	First-generation undergraduate students and the impacts of the first year of college: Additional evidence	Padgett R.D., Johnson M.P., Pascarella E.T.	2012	Journal of College Student Development	53	2	None	Co-Curricular Assessment and Research, Northern Kentucky University, Division of Student Affairs, UC330-A Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, KY 41076, United States; United States Agency for International Development(USAID), Tanzania; Mary Louise Petersen Chair in Higher Education, The University of Iowa, United States	Padgett, R.D., Co-Curricular Assessment and Research, Northern Kentucky University, Division of Student Affairs, UC330-A Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, KY 41076, United States; Johnson, M.P., United States Agency for International Development(USAID), Tanzania; Pascarella, E.T., Mary Louise Petersen Chair in Higher Education, The University of Iowa, United States	Using longitudinal data from the Wabash National Study of Liberal Arts Education, our findings suggest that first-generation students are at a significant disadvantage across cognitive and psychosocial outcomes compared to students whose parents have at least some postsecondary education. Furthermore, we tested for the conditional effects of good practices on firstyear outcomes and found that effects of good practices on both cognitive and psychosocial outcomes differed in magnitude, and sometimes in direction, for first-generation versus non-firstgeneration students.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000283087500005	Approaches to the Evaluation and Assessment of Students in Clothing Practical Work in Colleges of Agriculture in Northern Nigeria	Usman, V. A.	2010	JOURNAL OF HOME ECONOMICS RESEARCH	12	None	None	Coll Agr	None	This study was carried out in Northern Nigeria to determine the general clothing construction skills and processes to be evaluated and evaluation procedures and techniques used by teachers of clothing. Six out of thirteen Colleges of Agriculture were randomly selected for the study. The entire 52 clothing teachers in the department of Home and Rural Economics were involved in the study. This consists of 32 lecturers and 18 instructors. Structured questionnaire was used for the data collection. Data were analyzed using mean scores and t-test at 0.05 level of significance. The major findings include 13 clothing construction skills and processes always evaluated and 11 evaluation procedures and techniques always used by the teachers of clothing in Colleges of Agriculture in Northern Nigeria. Based on these findings, recommendations were made.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956325523	The role and impact of Non-Academics Staff Union (NASU) in two Nigerian universities	Adeniji M.A., Adekunjo O.A.	2010	Library Philosophy and Practice	2010	MAR	None	College Librarian, College of Engineering and Technology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria; Dept of Library and Information Science, Ambrose Alii University, Ekpoma, Nigeria	Adeniji, M.A., College Librarian, College of Engineering and Technology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria; Adekunjo, O.A., Dept of Library and Information Science, Ambrose Alii University, Ekpoma, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955035060	Reproductive performances and survival of Washera sheep under traditional management systems at yilmanadensa and Quarit districts of the Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia	Taye M., Abebe G., Lemma S., Gizaw S., Mekoya A., Tibbo M.	2011	Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances	10	9	10.3923/javaa.2011.1158.1165	College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 830, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Awassa, Ethiopia; Debreberhan Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 112, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia; International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), P.O. Box 5466, Hadya Aleppo, Syria, Ethiopia	Taye, M., College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 830, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Awassa, Ethiopia; Abebe, G., Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Awassa, Ethiopia; Lemma, S., Debreberhan Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 112, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia; Gizaw, S., Debreberhan Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 112, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia; Mekoya, A., Debreberhan Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 112, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia; Tibbo, M., International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), P.O. Box 5466, Hadya Aleppo, Syria, Ethiopia	On-farm data were collected to evaluate reproductive performance and survival of Washera sheep raised under traditional smallholder production systems in the North-Western highlands of the Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia. The data were from flocks of 110 households from October, 2004 to September, 2007. Mean age and weight at first lambing were 464.2±14.0 days and 24.7±0.5 kg, respectively. None of the fixed effects considered affected age at first lambing although, weight at first lambing was affected (p<0.05) by district and parity. Ewes from primiparous ewes and from Quarit district had heavier weight at their first lambing. Lambing interval (269±6.2 days) was affected by district, lambing season, parity and birth type. The average number of lambs per ewe lambing was 1.19±0.02 and varied (p<0.0001) with lambing year and postpartum ewe body weight. Mean postpartum ewe body weight was 31.0±0.2 kg and influenced (p<0.01) by district, year, season, parity and type of birth. Cumulative survival from birth to 30, 90, 180, 270 and 365 days was 98.4±0.6, 93.6±0.9, 91.2±1.1, 90.0±l .2 and 89.9±1.2 days, respectively. Except at the age of 30 days, district, season, birth type and birth weight affected (p<0.05) survival. No interactions between any fixed effects were significant and thus were removed from the model. Postpartum ewe body weight as a covariate did not affect litter size. The higher survival rate indicates that the area is of low disease load and the farmers practice to decrease lamb mortality need to be encouraged and improved. The influence of different fixed effects on reproductive performances indicated that through different management and breeding practices it is possible to increase the productivity of these breed of sheep. © Medwell Journals, 2011.	Ethiopia; Postpartum; Reproduction; Smallholder production; Survival; Washera breed	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904134437	Effect of xylanase on performance, serum IGF-1 and glucose of broilers fed wheat corn soybean diet	Abdullahi A.Y., Zuo J.J., Tan H.Z., Xia W.G., Wei S., Liu J.H., Ai Q., Zhao S.Y., Xia M.H., Liu Y.H., Xia C.D., Wu F., Yu J.P., Feng D.Y.	2013	Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances	12	17	10.3923/javaa.2013.1409.1414	College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Department of Animal Science, Kano University of Science and Technology Wudil, Kano, Nigeria; Production Technology Department of WENs Group, Yunfu, China	Abdullahi, A.Y., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China, Department of Animal Science, Kano University of Science and Technology Wudil, Kano, Nigeria; Zuo, J.J., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Tan, H.Z., Production Technology Department of WENs Group, Yunfu, China; Xia, W.G., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Wei, S., Production Technology Department of WENs Group, Yunfu, China; Liu, J.H., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Ai, Q., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Zhao, S.Y., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Xia, M.H., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Liu, Y.H., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Xia, C.D., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Wu, F., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Yu, J.P., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Feng, D.Y., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China	Six hundred and forty, 1 day old Yellow feather broiler chicks were fed wheat-corn soybean diet plus xylanase ENOLZYME™ 100 g ton-1 (enzyme activity = 1256.244 U mL-1) to study additive effect of the enzyme on serum glucose and IGF-1 concentration relative to performance. The birds were randomly divided into 2 treatment groups with 64 birds/pen in 5 replicates. For the periods of 63 days body weight, feed efficiency and daily feed intake were not differed at 21 and 42 days. However, they were all differ significantly at 63 days (p&lt;0.05); particularly feed efficiency from 1-63 days was highly significant (p&lt;0.01). Carcass characteristics were not differed in all three stages but at finishing stage breast and thigh muscles, heart, gizzard and abdominal fat weights were numerically increased. Mortality rate was &lt;0.02%. Serum glucose concentration levels at three feeding phases were not differed among groups. However, serum IGF-1 differ significantly at starter phase (21 days) (p&lt;0.05). Correlation between treatments and feeding periods existed at growing (42 days) and finishing (63 days) stages (p&lt;0.05). The present findings on supplementation of xylanase to corn wheat soy bean broiler diet hasincreased market weight cost value by 1.33% at finishing stage (43-63 days). The serum glucose and IGF-1 concentration have correlated positively on treatments offered, feeding periods and performance. Further research is needed on IGF-1 and GH (Growth Hormone) at molecular level to understand their influence in broiler's growth and development. © Medwell Journals, 2013.	Glucose; Growth hormone; Performance; Serum IGF-1; Xylanase	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84877351763	Effects of creatine monohydrate on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of yellow-feathered broilers	Xia W.G., Abdullahi A.Y., Zuo J.J., Chen L., Feng D.Y.	2012	Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances	11	23	10.3923/javaa.2012.4382.4388	College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China; Department of Animal Science, Kano University of Science and Technology Wudil, P.M.B. 3244, Kano, Nigeria	Xia, W.G., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China; Abdullahi, A.Y., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China, Department of Animal Science, Kano University of Science and Technology Wudil, P.M.B. 3244, Kano, Nigeria; Zuo, J.J., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China; Chen, L., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China; Feng, D.Y., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China	Nine hundred, 42 days old male yellow-feathered broilers were used to evaluate the effects of Creatine Monohydrate (CMH) on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality. The birds received either a no-CMH diet (0 mg kg"1) a low (250 mg kg"1), a moderate (500 mg kg"1) or a high-CMH diet (1000 mg kg"1) for 21 days. CMH supplementation did not affect the average daily weight gain, average daily feed intake or feed efficiency. Additionally no significant differences were discovered in the dressing, eviscerated, breast muscle or thigh muscle percentage. However, there was a decreasing trend in the pH values of the pectoralis major at 24 h postmortem and of the thigh muscle at 45 mm postmortem as the level of CMH supplementation increased. No significant difference was observed in cooking loss, shear force value, moisture or crude protein percentages. However, supplementing with CMH increased the slow-twitch red and the fast-twitch white fiber ratio in the gastrocnemius muscles. The results suggested that CMH supplementation has no effect on growth performance or carcass characteristics but it potentially triggered a transition from fast-twitch red muscle fibers to slow-twitch red and fast-twitch white muscle fibers. © Medwell Journals, 2012.	Broiler; Carcass characteristics; Creatine; Growth performance; Meat quality	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940562306	Institutional forces and divestment performance of South African conglomerates: Case study evidence	King D., Coldwell D., Joosub T., McClelland D.	2015	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	18	3	10.17159/2222-3436/2015/v18n3a4	College of Business, Iowa State University, South Africa; School of Economic and Management Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa; School of Accountancy, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa; School of Economic and Management Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	King, D., College of Business, Iowa State University, South Africa; Coldwell, D., School of Economic and Management Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa; Joosub, T., School of Accountancy, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa; McClelland, D., School of Economic and Management Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	The history of South Africa serves as a natural experiment in how a changing institutional environment impacts corporate structure. Based on institutional theory, we anticipate higher performance through emulating successful strategies or through restructuring consistent with mimetic isomorphism. Conversely, coercive isomorphism results from restructuring driven by regulation, and we anticipate that they are associated with lower performance. To examine these relationships, we consider divestment by South African firms over two periods, using mixed methods. We find tentative support for our predictions, and we outline implications for policymakers, as well as for management research and practice. © 2015 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved.	Case studies; Coercive and mimetic isomorphism; Divestment; Event analysis; Institutional theory	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80052841471	The moderating effect of culture on small firm performance: Empirical evidence	Minai M.S., Olusegun A.I., Lucky E.O.-I.	2011	European Journal of Social Sciences	23	3	None	College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia; Lagos State Polytechnics, Lagos, Nigeria	Minai, M.S., College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia; Olusegun, A.I., Lagos State Polytechnics, Lagos, Nigeria; Lucky, E.O.-I., College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia	Abundant studies on the influential entrepreneurial factors that affect small firm performance exist. However, the inconsistent results on the relationship between entrepreneurial factors and small firm performance has led the authors to propose a contingency model in which the effects of individual determinants, external factors and firm characteristics on firm performance are moderated by culture. A cross-sectional study of questionnaire survey research design was conducted and data was generated from 182 entrepreneurs or owner-managers of small firms in both manufacturing and service industries. The questionnaires were distributed through drop-off and pick procedure of data collection. The findings indicate that neither culture nor its cultural dimension or components are significant in moderating the relationship between relationship between individual determinates, external factors and firm characteristics, and firm performance.	Culture; Entrepreneurship determinants; Entrepreneurship development	None	None
WoS	WOS:000319869000003	The Ghana essential health interventions program: a plausibility trial of the impact of health systems strengthening on maternal & child survival	Asuru, Rofina,Awoonor-Williams, John Koku,Bawah, Ayaga A.,Nyonator, Frank K.,Oduro, Abraham,Ofosu, Anthony,Phillips, James F.	2013	BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH	13	None	10.1186/1472-6963-13-S2-S3	Columbia University, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo Health Research Center, Minist Hlth Minist	"Asuru, Rofina: Ghana Health Service","Awoonor-Williams, John Koku: Ghana Health Service","Bawah, Ayaga A.: Columbia University","Oduro, Abraham: Ghana Health Service","Oduro, Abraham: Navrongo Health Research Center","Ofosu, Anthony: Ghana Health Service","Phillips, James F.: Columbia University",	Background: During the 1990s, researchers at the Navrongo Health Research Centre in northern Ghana developed a highly successful community health program. The keystone of the Navrongo approach was the deployment of nurses termed community health officers to village locations. A trial showed that, compared to areas relying on existing services alone, the approach reduced child mortality by half, maternal mortality by 40%, and fertility by nearly a birth - from a total fertility rate of 5.5 in only five years. In 2000, the government of Ghana launched a national program called Community-based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) to scale up the Navrongo model. However, CHPS scale-up has been slow in districts located outside of the Upper East Region, where the "Navrongo Experiment" was first carried out. This paper describes the Ghana Essential Health Intervention Project (GEHIP), a plausibility trial of strategies for strengthening CHPS, especially in the areas of maternal and newborn health, and generating the political will to scale up the program with strategies that are faithful to the original design. Description of the intervention: GEHIP improves the CHPS model by 1) extending the range and quality of services for newborns; 2) training community volunteers to conduct the World Health Organization service regimen known as integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI); 3) simplifying the collection of health management information and ensuring its use for decision making; 4) enabling community health nurses to manage emergencies, particularly obstetric complications and refer cases without delay; 5) adding $0.85 per capita annually to district budgets and marshalling grassroots political commitment to financing CHPS implementation; and 6) strengthening CHPS leadership at all levels of the system. Evaluation design: GEHIP impact is assessed by conducting baseline and endline survey research and computing the Heckman "difference in difference" test for under-5 mortality in three intervention districts relative to four comparison districts for core indicators of health status and survival rates. To elucidate results, hierarchical child survival hazard models will be estimated that incorporate measures of health system strength as survival determinants, adjusting for the potentially confounding effects of parental and household characteristics. Qualitative systems appraisal procedures will be used to monitor and explain GEHIP implementation innovations, constraints, and progress. Discussion: By demonstrating practical means of strengthening a real-world health system while monitoring costs and assessing maternal and child survival impact, GEHIP is expected to contribute to national health policy, planning, and resource allocation that will be needed to accelerate progress with the Millennium Development Goals.	,INNOVATION	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949032280	Evaluation of replacing maize with mango (Mangifera indica) kernel on fertility and hatchability parameters of layer hens	Beyene G., Niguse M., Gebreslasie L., Berhe A.	2015	Livestock Research for Rural Development	27	12	None	College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Animal, Rangeland and Wildlife Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O.Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia	Beyene, G., College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Animal, Rangeland and Wildlife Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O.Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Niguse, M., College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Animal, Rangeland and Wildlife Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O.Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Gebreslasie, L., College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Animal, Rangeland and Wildlife Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O.Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Berhe, A., College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Animal, Rangeland and Wildlife Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O.Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia	The study was conducted to evaluate replacing maize with mango kernel on fertility, hatchability, embryonic mortality and chick quality of layer hens. One hundred twenty chickens with similar body weight and age were used for the experiment. The chickens were randomly distributed to 15 pens each with 8 hens and 1 cock to the five treatments diets in completely randomized design (CRD). The chickens were kept in a deep litter housing system. The treatment rations were formulated to replace maize grain by mango kernel with 0% (MK0), 25% (MK25), 50% (MK50), 75% (MK75) and 100% (MK100). Chickens were offered a weighed amount of feed and feed leftovers were collected and weighed the next morning. The experiment lasted for 90 days during which fertility, hatchability, embryonic mortality and chick quality were measured. Fertility, hatchability, embryonic mortality, chick length, chick weight and chick visual score were not statistically different among the treatments. Therefore, we concluded that maize can be replaced by mango kernel up to 100% (at a rate of 390g/kg concentrate diet), since this level of replacement has not negatively affected fertility, hatchability, embryonic mortality and chick quality parameters. © 2015, Fundacion CIPAV. All rights reserved.	Byproduct; Feed; Layer diet; Poultry	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84922091077	Spatial analysis of groundwater potential using remote sensing and GIS-based multi-criteria evaluation in Raya Valley, northern Ethiopia [Analyse spatiale du potentiel d’eau souterraine à l’aide d’images satellites et d’évaluation multicritères à partir d	Fenta A.A., Kifle A., Gebreyohannes T., Hailu G.	2014	Hydrogeology Journal	23	1	10.1007/s10040-014-1198-x	College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Dept. of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Institute of Geo-information and Earth Observation Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Dept. of Earth Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia	Fenta, A.A., College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Dept. of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Kifle, A., Institute of Geo-information and Earth Observation Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Gebreyohannes, T., College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Dept. of Earth Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Hailu, G., Institute of Geo-information and Earth Observation Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia	Sustainable development and management of groundwater resources require application of scientific principles and modern techniques. An integrated approach is implemented using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS)-based multi-criteria evaluation to identify promising areas for groundwater exploration in Raya Valley, northern Ethiopia. The thematic layers considered are lithology, lineament density, geomorphology, slope, drainage density, rainfall and land use/cover. The corresponding normalized rates for the classes in a layer and weights for thematic layers are computed using Saaty’s analytical hierarchy process. Based on the computed rates and weights, aggregating the thematic maps is done using a weighted linear combination method to obtain a groundwater potential (GP) map. The GP map is verified by overlay analysis with observed borehole yield data. Map-removal and single-parameter sensitivity analyses are used to examine the effects of removing any of the thematic layers on the GP map and to compute effective weights, respectively. About 770 km2 (28 % of the study area) is designated as ‘very good’ GP. ‘Good’, ‘moderate’ and ‘poor’ GP areas cover 630 km2 (23 %), 600 km2 (22 %) and 690 km2 (25 %), respectively; the area with ‘very poor’ GP covers 55 km2 (2 %). Verification of the GP map against observed borehole yield data shows 74 % agreement, which is fairly satisfactory. The sensitivity analyses reveal the GP map is most sensitive to lithology with a mean variation index of 6.5 %, and lithology is the most effective thematic layer in GP mapping with mean effective weight of 52 %. © 2014, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.	Ethiopia; Geographic information systems; Groundwater potential; Multi-criteria evaluation; Remote sensing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940659300	Evaluation of different oat varieties for fodder yield and yield related traits in Debre Berhan area, central highlands of Ethiopia	Beyene G., Araya A., Gebremedhn H.	2015	Livestock Research for Rural Development	27	9	None	College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Debre Berhan University, P.O. Box 445, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia	Beyene, G., College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Araya, A., College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Gebremedhn, H., College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Debre Berhan University, P.O. Box 445, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia	Oat is the most important well-adapted cereal fodder crop grown in the central highlands of Ethiopia. Ethiopia has a wide range of agro-ecological zones, described in the research centers to develop varieties to suit different zones as well as different systems of fodder production. However, the yield per acre is still far below than optimum level of production. Considering such a miserable picture in the country, field experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of seven forage oat varieties namely: 80-SA-130, 8251-CI, 80-SA-95, 8237-CI, Lampton, 8235-CI and Jasari at Agricultural Experiment Station of Debre Berhan University, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources during the year of 2014/15. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design having three replications and a net plot of size 1.2 m x 5 m. Data was recorded for plant height, leaf number tiller-1, tiller number plant-1, tillers per m2 and green fodder yield. The varieties differed in yield and yield related parameters. The variety Lampton produced significantly higher green forage yield (67.2 t·ha-1) than other varieties due to taller plants (178cm), more number of tillers plant-1 (14.2), tillers per m2 (256) and number of leaves tiller-1 (6.89) whereas, the variety Jasari recorded lowest (44.5 t·ha-1). Hence variety Lampton proved its superiority over all the other varieties included in the experiment. © 2015 Fundacion CIPAV. All rights reserved.	Avena sativa L; Forage yield; Yield traits	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84937886083	Business environment and the financial performance of small and medium enterprises: A study of Lagos state, Nigeria	Titus O.A.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	12	4CONT4	None	College of Economic and Management Sciences, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa	Titus, O.A., College of Economic and Management Sciences, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa	The financial outcome of an enterprise is perceived to have some relationships with its operational environment. This study analysed the business environment as a correlate of financial performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), as to contribute to environment-enterprise policy mechanisms and regulatory framework, industry and management practices. Relevant definitional criteria and World Bank’s model were adopted to sample 228 SMEs from 456 via judgmental and convenience techniques. Multifactor business-environment questionnaire (MBEQ) was used to elicit responses from SMEs in a field survey. Enterprise type, activity, product line and financial performance were examined. Results showed dominance of sole proprietorship and services SMEs, multi-product lines, and highly positively correlated financial performance and business environment. Consequently, improved SME-friendly business environment was recommended. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Business environment; Correlational analysis; Financial performance; Small and medium enterprises	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892512814	Evaluation of teachers' knowledge of the new teaching, learnig and assessment methodologies in selected primary schools	Mogashoa T.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	14	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n14p75	College of Education, University of South Africa, PO Box 392, 0003 Unisa, South Africa	Mogashoa, T., College of Education, University of South Africa, PO Box 392, 0003 Unisa, South Africa	The aim of the research was to evaluate teachers' knowledge of new teaching, learning and assessment methodologies. This study was underpinned by constructivist theory. It involved an analysis of the merits and demerits of the implementation of the new teaching, learning and assessment methodologies by teachers in selected primary schools. Qualitative method was used to gather information from the different categories of participants on how teaching, learning and assessment methodologies are implemented. Data were analysed by selecting, comparing, synthesising and interpreting information to provide explanation. It has been established in this study that teachers lack knowledge of learning outcomes and assessment standards. Teachers could not mention the learning outcomes and assessment standards they have planned to address in their lesson plans. The findings revealed that teachers tried to assess learners continuously during lesson presentations. The teacher should know the content, be able to decide on method or teaching approach, level of the learners as well as the learning and teaching support materials to be used in the lesson. Teachers should strive to establish how learners should learn, what teaching and learning activities they will use and how they will check learners' understanding.	Assessment standards; Curriculum; Evaluation and assessment; Forms of assessment; Involvement; Learning outcomes; Participation; Prior knowledge; Relevant; Resources; Skills and components; Teacher	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84910100073	School truancy: Poor school attenders’ perceptions of the impact regarding dysfunctional teacher-learner relationships on truant behaviour	van Breda M.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	23	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n23p1056	College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	van Breda, M., College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	The aim of this paper was to explore truants’ perceptions of the impact of teacher’s behaviour and attitudes on their school attendance. An in-depth literature study of the latest research on truancy uncovered that past truancy research focussed predominantly on the influence of home and community related influences in causing school truant behaviour. Three hundred eighth grade learners in the Metro East Education District (MEED) in the Western Cape, South Africa, participated in a survey measuring learners’ perceptions of the effects teacher-learner relationship on school and lesson attendance. The research findings suggest that respondents perceive unfavourable school experiences including being rejected, discriminated against by teachers and subjection to undue and humiliating punitive measures as significant grounds for their deliberate absence from lessons and ultimately dropping out of school. In presenting the research findings, it is argued that teachers often overlook the effects their class room conduct and attitudes may have on learners’ sense of belonging in school, learner school attendance and how learners view them. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that education authorities take account of the research findings of dysfunctional learner-teacher relationships in combatting school truancy. © 2014, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Absenteeism; Learner-teacher relationships; Non-attendance; School; Truancy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892540235	The impact of language of learning and teaching in primary schools: A case study of the Gauteng province	Mogashoa T.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	1	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n1p295	College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	Mogashoa, T., College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	The aim of the research was to establish the impact of language of learning and teaching in selected South African primary schools. This study was underpinned by critical discourse analysis. The framework of analysis included analysis of texts, interactions and social practices at the local, institutional and societal levels. Language policies can be better understood by looking at the social issues of the community as well as the language and type of texts used. When exercising a choice with regard to method, researchers often have to decide between qualitative and quantitative methods or a combination of both. Qualitative research was chosen as a relevant research instrument for this study to gather information. During data analysis the data were organised categorically and coded and the responses were correlated with the prominent and emerging views identified in the literature survey. The findings of this study revealed that African learners are taught in second or third languages while white learners are taught in their home languages. The Department of Basic Education and policy makers should be persuaded to promote programmes in which home language instruction is given meaningful financial and material support to make the production and rewriting of textbooks and dictionaries across school curricula possible.	Critical discourse analysis; Curriculum; Evaluation and assessment; Involvement; Perspectives; Purpose and emphasis; Qualitative; Significance; Teacher	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892607471	Stakeholder perspectives on strategies that can improve student performance in the school-leaving examinations in Lesotho	Lekhetho M.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	3	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n3p85	College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	Lekhetho, M., College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	Despite the endless efforts by the Lesotho government and various stakeholders to improve student outcomes in secondary schools, particularly in the school-leaving examinations, the failure rate remains stubbornly high, resulting in high wastage rate. The study adopted a quantitative approach, using questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to gather data from 808 participants who included students, teachers, principals, school board members, school inspectors and education secretaries on the strategies that can be used to improve student performance in the school-leaving examinations. Simple descriptive statistics, mainly frequency counts and percentages are used to report the results. To improve academic performance the respondents suggested that there should be collaborative determination of teachers and students, a culture of speaking English at school, regular attendance of classes by teachers, the principal's purposeful leadership and decisiveness in maintaining order and discipline, and student selectivity to ensure that good students are selected at entry levels.	Academic Performance; Admission Policy; Effectiveness; Efficiency	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907291886	Lessons from an evaluation experience: The School Wide Improvement Model (SWIM)	Msila V., Setlhako A.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	20	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p1467	College of Education, University of South Africa, UNISA, South Africa	Msila, V., College of Education, University of South Africa, UNISA, South Africa; Setlhako, A., College of Education, University of South Africa, UNISA, South Africa	The role of evaluation is beginning to be recognized in South African research. Researchers believe that programs and projects can be improved only if proper evaluation is conducted. This paper looks at a model developed after reading Carol Weiss’ Theory of Change. Not only did the researchers use Weiss, they also employed the work of other evaluation experts such as Patton, McDonald and Babbie. They utilized these theories when they were evaluating the Secondary School Intervention Program (SSIP) in South Africa. The researchers discussed their findings in an earlier study (2013). This specific work though explicates a developed model suggested for the improvement of the SSIP. The researchers demonstrate the complexity of evaluation and illustrate a model that has a potential influence on policy and practice, both of which are aspects emphasized by Weiss whose work is cited lavishly here. Through this (SWIM) model various aspects are explicated to show how one can overcome some of the potential challenges in program improvement. © MCSER-Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research.	Complexity; Intervention program; Policy improvement; Politics; Theory of change	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84930268635	Evaluation of sulfonated acrylamide-based tetrapolymer as a rheology modifier in water-based drilling fluid	Nagre R.D., Zhao L., Frimpong I.K., Owusu P.A.	2015	Petroleum and Coal	57	2	None	College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China; College of Geophysics and Oil Resources, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China; Faculty of Engineering, Kumasi Polytechnic, Kumasi, Ghana	Nagre, R.D., College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China, Faculty of Engineering, Kumasi Polytechnic, Kumasi, Ghana; Zhao, L., College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China; Frimpong, I.K., College of Geophysics and Oil Resources, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China, Faculty of Engineering, Kumasi Polytechnic, Kumasi, Ghana; Owusu, P.A., College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China, Faculty of Engineering, Kumasi Polytechnic, Kumasi, Ghana	The need for improved water-based drilling fluid systems for application in unfavourable wellbore con-ditions is a persistent challenge to oilwell drilling operation. This study evaluates the appropriateness of a synthetic tetrapolymer as a rheology modifier in water-based drilling fluid for application at elevated temperatures. The tetrapolymer, comprising acrylamide, sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate, N-vinyl pyrrolidone and N-butyl propenoate (TPM4) was synthesized in aqueous medium by free-radi-cal polymerization and characterized by Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy. Experimental design using six factors involving monomer molar ratios, total monomer concentration, initiator dosage, reaction temperature, pH and reaction time, was used to establish the optimum conditions of synthesis of the tetrapolymer. Rheological and fluid loss properties of the tetrapolymer were assessed in water-based drilling fluids. The tetrapolymer effected about four-fold filtration loss control in 4% KCl bentonite-based mud compared to the blank at 140°C. It also exhibited good viscosification of the mud and favourably retained mud viscosity up to 150°C.	Filtration loss; Rheological property; Temperature and salt resistance; Tetrapolymer; Water-based mud	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84959258429	Prognostication of water flooding performance in communicating layered reservoir	Owusu P.A., De Hua L., Nagre R.D.	2015	International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering	8	5	None	College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China; Department of Civil Engineering, Kumasi Polytechnic, P.O. Box 854, Kumasi, Ghana	Owusu, P.A., College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China, Department of Civil Engineering, Kumasi Polytechnic, P.O. Box 854, Kumasi, Ghana; De Hua, L., College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China; Nagre, R.D., College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China, Department of Civil Engineering, Kumasi Polytechnic, P.O. Box 854, Kumasi, Ghana	A model which approaches the recovery performance of waterflooding in communicating stratified reservoirs with log-normal permeability distribution is presented. The reservoir permeability is characterized by the Dykstra-Parsons variation coefficient (V) and standard deviation of the distribution (σ_k). The hydrocarbon pore volume is also characterized by normal distribution. The model allows for effect of variation of hydrocarbon pore volume. Comparison of the results obtained is made with the Dykstra-Parsons model. The performance of the reservoir is expressed in term of vertical sweep as a function of the producing water-oil ratio. Expressions for pseudo-relative permeability function and fractional flow curves are derived. The recovery performance is found to be dependent on mobility ratio and permeability variation. For a given water-oil ratio the vertical coverage increases as mobility ratio increases but decreases as permeability variation increases. Oil recovery therefore is enhanced for system with mobility ratio less than unity and retards for system with above unit mobility ratio. Below unit mobility ratio, Dykstra-Parson model gives reduced vertical coverage but higher at above unit mobility ratio compared to the model presented. The variation of porosity is found to increase oil recovery over the case of constant porosity and it is dependent on the rise of permeability variation and mobility ratio. Truncating the permeability significantly increases the vertical coverage and telling effect on the behavior on the performance prediction. © 2015 CAFET-INNOVA Technical Society All rights reserved.	Mobility ratio; Permeability cut; Permeability variation; Vertical coverage; Water flooding; Water-oil ratio	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892565600	Corruption, foreign direct investment and its impact on exchange rate of the Nigerian economy	Erhieyovwe E.K., Onokero I.I.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	3	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n3p345	College of Physical Education, Mosogar Delta state, Nigeria; College of Education, Agbor Delta state, Nigeria	Erhieyovwe, E.K., College of Physical Education, Mosogar Delta state, Nigeria; Onokero, I.I., College of Education, Agbor Delta state, Nigeria	This paper seeks to analyze corruption, foreign direct investment and its impact on exchange of the Nigerian economy. The ultimate objective of this study centers on an empirical investigation of the impact of corruption, foreign direct investment and its impact on exchange rate of the Nigerian economy. In order to achieve these objectives the study used the ordinary least squares regression analyses, augmented dickey fuller unit root test and the co-integration test. The unit root test revealed that all the variables were stationary at first difference and the short run result revealed that corruption is very high in Nigeria and that have help to depreciate the currency of the country with regards its exchange to other currencies. The study recommends that war against corruption or state of emergency on corruption should be vigorously pursued, this will help to remold the image of the Nigerian economy and encourage more foreign investors that will help to equate our exchange rate to other currencies.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84866323459	Orphanage caregivers' perceptions: The impact of organizational factors on the provision of services to orphans in the Ashanti Region of Ghana	Castillo J.T., Sarver C.M., Bettmann J.E., Mortensen J., Akuoko K.	2012	Journal of Children and Poverty	18	2	10.1080/10796126.2012.710484	College of Social Work, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Department of Sociology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Castillo, J.T., College of Social Work, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Sarver, C.M., College of Social Work, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Bettmann, J.E., College of Social Work, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Mortensen, J., College of Social Work, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Akuoko, K., Department of Sociology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Adding to the growing body of literature on outcomes for children living in orphanages and children's homes, this qualitative study explored the perceptions of institutional personnel - caregivers, staff members, supervisors, and administrators - about organizational factors affecting their ability to care for orphaned and vulnerable children living in institutions in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The participants in this study consisted of 59 caregivers, 7 supervisors, 10 administrators, 4 cooks, 4 teachers, 1 social worker, 1 security guard/driver, and 6 women classified as house helpers. Individual interviews were conducted using an English-written and stated semistructured interview guide the researchers had created. The data from the 92 interviews were transcribed and coded using inductive methodologies. The results revealed concerns from the personnel about their institutions' lack of adequate funding for essential items, including food and medicine for the children. The personnel were also concerned about the lack of appropriate workplace standards to ensure the sustainability of a viable workplace environment, including inadequate training, supervision, communication procedures, and staffing patterns, and collaborative partnerships and associations with other public or private community-based institutions. The findings from this study have considerable policy, practice, and research implications for social workers. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	Ghana; organizational structure; orphan caregiver; orphanage; orphans	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84919752607	Pre-service ultrasonic and manual evaluation of the reproductive organs of dairy cows presumed to be in estrus	Hansar E., Lemma A., Yilma T.	2014	SpringerPlus	3	1	10.1186/2193-1801-3-529	College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 34, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia	Hansar, E., College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 34, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia; Lemma, A., College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 34, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia; Yilma, T., College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 34, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia	Manual and ultrasonic evaluation of the the reproductive organs of 62 dairy cows and heifers belonging to smallholder farms was conducted. The objective was to assess the efficiency of visual estrus detection method in the dairy animals that were presented for artificial insemination. Data were collected on reproductive status, body condition, estrus signs, and findings of rectal examination. Thirty-three animals were inseminated after ultrasonic evaluation while 29 animals were inseminated after manual evaluation through rectal palpation. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed using ultrasound 30 days post insemination. The most frequently observed estrus signs by the dairy owners were mucus discharge (83.9%) and mounting (67.7%) while the most frequently confirmed physical signs of estrus by rectal examination were cervical opening (88.7%), and uterine turgidity (82.3%). The overall mean (±SD) diameter of the largest follicle was 12.9 ± 3.4 mm with an average number of 3.5 follicles per ovary. The overall pregnancy rate was 29%. Evaluation of post-insemination records showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the diameter of largest follicle between the pregnant (14.7 mm) and non-pregnant (12.1 mm) animals. The mean (±SD) time interval between the first observed estrus sign to service were 10.5 ± 7.0 hrs and 14.5 ± 10.0 hrs for pregnant and non-pregnant, respectively. The low pregnancy rate, delayed time of insemination, and the difference in the size of dominant follicle indicate the incompatibility between visual estrus detection and optimal time of insemination. This confirms the significance of improving estrus detection and the need for combining estrus signs with pre-service evaluation of the reproductive organs either manually or using ultrasound. © 2014, Hansar et al.; licensee Springer.	Artificial insemination; Estrus sign; Reproductive organs; Ultrasonography	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897641690	Production performance of dairy cows under farmer's management in and around Mekelle, Ethiopia	Kumar N., Abadi Y., Gebrekidan B., Tegegne D.T.	2014	Global Veterinaria	12	2	10.5829/idosi.gv.2014.12.02.82119	College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, P.O. Box-231, Mekelle, Ethiopia	Kumar, N., College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, P.O. Box-231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Abadi, Y., College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, P.O. Box-231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Gebrekidan, B., College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, P.O. Box-231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Tegegne, D.T., College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, P.O. Box-231, Mekelle, Ethiopia	The study was conducted on altogether 475 milch animals comprising of 223 indigenous and 252 Holstein-Friesian (HF) crossbred cows, maintained under farmer's managemental system in and around Mekelle (Ethiopia), were analyzed according to Least Squares Analysis to study the magnitude as well as direction of variation in their lactation length (LL), lactation milk yield (LMY) and peak-yield (PY) due to genetic and some non-genetic factors. The overall Least Squares Means for LL, LMY and PY were estimated to be 292.53±24.09 days, 1320.64±94.68 liters and 7.89±0.14 liters respectively. Genetic group and lactation order had significant effect (P≤0.01) on LL, LMY and PY. Season of calving had significant effect (P≤0.01) on LMY and PY but its effect on LL was non-significant. Effect of herd-size was significant (P≤0.05) on LMY while its effect on LL and PY was non-significant. Variation in all the traits due to location of herd and farming system were statistically non-significant. © IDOSI Publications, 2014.	Lactation length; Lactation milk yield; Mekelle; Peak yield	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84899675678	Reproductive performance of dairy cows under farmer's management in and around Mekelle, Ethiopia	Kumar N., Tkui K., Bisrat A.	2014	Livestock Research for Rural Development	26	5	None	College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, PO Box-231, Mekelle, Ethiopia	Kumar, N., College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, PO Box-231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Tkui, K., College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, PO Box-231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Bisrat, A., College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, PO Box-231, Mekelle, Ethiopia	The study was conducted on 475 milch animals comprising of 223 indigenous and 252 Holstein-Friesian (HF) crossbred cows maintained under farmer's management system in and around Mekelle, Ethiopia. Data were analyzed according to least squares analysis to study the magnitude and direction of variation in days open (DO), calving interval (CI) and number of services per conception (NSC) due to genetic and some non-genetic factors. The overall least squares means for DO, CI and NSC were 157.0±62.0 days, 453.6±88.3 days and 1.7±0.2 services, respectively. The genetic constitution of the animals influenced DO, CI and NSC significantly (p<0.01). Lactation order had significant effect on CI and NSC (p<0.01) and DO (p<0.05). Season of calving, location of the herd, herd size and farming system had not statistically significant effect on all traits.	Calving interval; Days open; Service per conception	None	None
WoS	WOS:000311232900015	Differences between self-reported and electronically monitored adherence among patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in a resource-limited setting	Bangsberg, David R.,Habyarimana, James P.,Pop-Eleches, Cristian,Sidle, John E.,Siika, Abraham M.,Siripong, Nalyn,Thirumurthy, Harsha,Vreeman, Rachel C.	2012	AIDS	26	18	10.1097/QAD.0b013e328359aa68	Columbia University, Georgetown University, Harvard University, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University System, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Moi University, University of North Carolina, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, MGH Ctr Global Hlth, Ragon Inst MGH MIT & Harvard	"Habyarimana, James P.: Georgetown University","Pop-Eleches, Cristian: Columbia University","Siika, Abraham M.: Moi University","Siripong, Nalyn: University of North Carolina","Siripong, Nalyn: University of North Carolina Chapel Hill","Thirumurthy, Harsha: University of North Carolina","Thirumurthy, Harsha: University of North Carolina Chapel Hill","Vreeman, Rachel C.: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis","Vreeman, Rachel C.: Indiana University System",	Background: Measurement of adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) by patient self-report is common in resource-limited settings but widely believed to overstate actual adherence. The extent to which these measures overstate adherence has not been examined among a large patient population. Methods: HIV-infected adult patients in Kenya who initiated ART within the past 3 months were followed for 6 months. Adherence was measured by participants' self-reports of doses missed in the past 7 days during monthly clinic visits and by continuous Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS) in participants' pill bottles. Seven-day self-reported adherence was compared to 7-day MEMS adherence, 30-day MEMS adherence, and adherence more than 90% during each of the first 6 months. Results: Self-reported and MEMS adherence measures were linked for 669 participants. Mean 7-day self-reported adherence was 98.7% and mean 7-day MEMS adherence was 86.0%, a difference of 12.7% (P &lt; 0.01). The difference between the two adherence measures increased over time due to a decline in 7-day MEMS adherence. However, patients with lower MEMS adherence were in fact more likely to self-report missed doses and the difference between self-reported and MEMS adherence was similar for each number of self-reported missed doses. When analysis was limited to patients who reported rarely or never removing multiple doses at the same time, mean difference was 10.5% (P &lt; 0.01). Conclusion: There is a sizable and significant difference between self-reported and MEMS adherence. However, a strong relationship between the measures suggests that self-reported adherence is informative for clinical monitoring and program evaluation. (C) 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins	ADHERENCE,"adherence measurement","ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY","ELECTRONIC MONITORING",COUNT,HAART,"HIV-INFECTED ADULTS",METAANALYSIS,OUTCOMES,"PROTEASE INHIBITORS","VIRAL SUPPRESSION"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000320574400008	Randomized controlled trial evaluating the effect of an interactive group counseling intervention for HIV-positive women on prenatal depression and disclosure of HIV status	Antelman, Gretchen,Blander, Jeffrey,Chopyak, Elena,Cyprian, Fileuka,Emmons, Karen M.,Fawzi, Mary C. Smith,Kaaya, Sylvia F.,Levine, Michelle,Matsumoto, Kenji	2013	AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV	25	7	10.1080/09540121.2013.763891	Columbia University, Harvard University, University of Massachusetts Boston, University of Massachusetts System, Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci	"Antelman, Gretchen: Columbia University","Blander, Jeffrey: Harvard University","Chopyak, Elena: Harvard University","Emmons, Karen M.: Harvard University","Fawzi, Mary C. Smith: Harvard University","Levine, Michelle: University of Massachusetts Boston","Levine, Michelle: University of Massachusetts System","Matsumoto, Kenji: Harvard University",	The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of group counseling, using a problem-solving therapy approach, on reducing depressive symptoms and increasing prenatal disclosure rates of HIV status among HIV-positive pregnant women living in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A randomized controlled trial was performed comparing a six-week structured nurse-midwife facilitated psychosocial support group with the standard of care. Sixty percent of women in the intervention group were depressed post-intervention, versus 73% in the control group [Relative Risk (RR) = 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.67-1.01, p=0.066]. HIV disclosure rates did not differ across the two study arms. However, among those women who disclosed, there was a significantly higher level of overall personal satisfaction with the response to disclosure from family and friends among women in the treatment (88%) compared to the control group (62%; p=0.004). The results indicate reductions in the level of depressive symptoms comparable with major depressive disorder (MDD) for HIV-positive pregnant women participating in a group counseling intervention. Although the psychosocial group counseling did not significantly increase disclosure rates, an improvement in the level of personal satisfaction resulting from disclosure was associated with the intervention. This suggests that the counseling sessions have likely reduced the burden of depression and helped clients better manage partner reactions to disclosure. Public agencies and non-governmental organizations working in Tanzania and similar settings should consider offering structured psychosocial support groups to HIV-positive pregnant women to prevent poor mental health outcomes, promote early childhood development, and potentially impact HIV-related disease outcomes in the long term.	DEPRESSION,DISCLOSURE,HIV,PREGNANCY,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA",Tanzania,DAR-ES-SALAAM,"DISEASE PROGRESSION",HEALTH-PROBLEMS,"INFECTED PREGNANT-WOMEN",PREVENTION,"SEROSTATUS DISCLOSURE",SOUTH-AFRICA,TANZANIA,THERAPY,TRANSMISSION	None	None
WoS	WOS:000319869000006	The Tanzania Connect Project: a cluster-randomized trial of the child survival impact of adding paid community health workers to an existing facility-focused health system	Baynes, Colin,Exavery, Amon,Helleringer, Stephane,Hingora, Ahmed,Jackson, Elizabeth,Kante, Malick,Manzi, Fatuma,Pemba, Senga,Phillips, James F.,Ramsey, Kate	2013	BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH	13	None	10.1186/1472-6963-13-S2-S6	Columbia University, Ifakara Hlth Inst, Tanzanian Training Ctr Int Hlth	"Helleringer, Stephane: Columbia University","Jackson, Elizabeth: Columbia University","Phillips, James F.: Columbia University",	Background: Tanzania has been a pioneer in establishing community-level services, yet challenges remain in sustaining these systems and ensuring adequate human resource strategies. In particular, the added value of a cadre of professional community health workers is under debate. While Tanzania has the highest density of primary health care facilities in Africa, equitable access and quality of care remain a challenge. Utilization for many services proven to reduce child and maternal mortality is unacceptably low. Tanzanian policy initiatives have sought to address these problems by proposing expansion of community-based providers, but the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MoHSW) lacks evidence that this merits national implementation. The Tanzania Connect Project is a randomized cluster trial located in three rural districts with a population of roughly 360,000 (Kilombero, Rufiji, and Ulanga). Description of intervention: Connect aims to test whether introducing a community health worker into a general program of health systems strengthening and referral improvement will reduce child mortality, improve access to services, expand utilization, and alter reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health seeking behavior; thereby accelerating progress towards Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5. Connect has introduced a new cadre - Community Health Agents (CHA) - who were recruited from and work in their communities. To support the CHA, Connect developed supervisory systems, launched information and monitoring operations, and implemented logistics support for integration with existing district and village operations. In addition, Connect's district-wide emergency referral strengthening intervention includes clinical and operational improvements. Evaluation design: Designed as a community-based cluster-randomized trial, CHA were randomly assigned to 50 of the 101 villages within the Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) in the three study districts. To garner detailed information on household characteristics, behaviors, and service exposure, a random sub-sample survey of 3,300 women of reproductive age will be conducted at the baseline and endline. The referral system intervention will use baseline, midline, and endline facility-based data to assess systemic changes. Implementation and impact research of Connect will assess whether and how the presence of the CHA at village level provides added life-saving value to the health system. Discussion: Global commitment to launching community-based primary health care has accelerated in recent years, with much of the implementation focused on Africa. Despite extensive investment, no program has been guided by a truly experimental study. Connect will not only address Tanzania's need for policy and operational research, it will bridge a critical international knowledge gap concerning the added value of salaried professional community health workers in the context of a high density of fixed facilities.	,CARE,DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES,IMPLEMENTATION,INTERVENTIONS,"MATERNITY REFERRAL SYSTEMS","MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL",MORTALITY,"NAVRONGO EXPERIMENT","SERVICES RESEARCH","SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000293382500007	A 3-year Cohort Study to Assess the Impact of an Integrated Food- and Livelihood-based Model on Undernutrition in Rural Western Kenya	Amoroso, L,Diru, W.,Fanzo, J.,Kim, D.,Lelerai, E.,Masira, J.,Muniz, M.,Mutuo, P.,Negin, J.,Nemser, B.,Palm, C.,Pronyk, P. M.,Remans, R.,Sachs, J. D.,Sachs, S. Ehrlich,Sanchez, P.,THOMPSON, B,Wariero, J.	2011	COMBATING MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES: FOOD-BASED APPROACHES	None	None	None	Columbia University, KU Leuven, University of Sydney, Biovers Int	"Kim, D.: Columbia University","Negin, J.: University of Sydney","Pronyk, P. M.: Columbia University","Remans, R.: KU Leuven","Sanchez, P.: Columbia University",	Reducing extreme poverty and hunger is the first Millennium Development Goal (MDG). With undernutrition contributing to one third of all child deaths, improving nutrition is a precondition for accelerating progress towards other MDG targets. While the role of technical interventions such as micronutrient fortification and supplementation in reducing morbidity and mortality has been well documented, evidence to support more comprehensive multi-sectoral approaches remains inconclusive. This chapter aims to evaluate the impact of an integrated food- and livelihood-based model on nutrition-related outcomes in rural western Kenya. A 3-year prospective cohort study was undertaken among 300 randomly selected wealth-stratified households. Detailed socio-economic and health surveys were conducted. A nutrition module assessed household levels of food security, food consumption frequency and diet diversity. This was complemented by anthropometric measurement and assessments of serum levels of vitamin A among children under 5 years old. The average food insecurity score decreased from 5.21 at baseline to 4.13 at follow-up (P &lt; 0.0001). Average diet diversity scores for daily, weekly and monthly time periods increased from 6.7 to 7.3; from 10.7 to 11.2; and from 12.4 to 12.6, respectively (P &lt; 0.0001). Daily consumption for 14 out of 16 food groups increased significantly. For children under 2 years of age, underweight and stunting decreased from 26.2% to 3.9% (P = 0.002) and from 62.3% to 38.3% (P = 0.014), respectively. Vitamin A deficiency as measured by serum vitamin A levels decreased from 70.0% to 33.3% (P = 0.007) for children under 5 years old. This study presents encouraging evidence that a multi-sectoral food- and livelihood-based model can improve diet quality, enhance food security and positively affect childhood nutritional outcomes. The wider application of this approach to a diversity of agro-ecological zones in sub-Saharan Africa is currently being assessed.	"diet diversity",Food-based,"FOOD SECURITY",multi-sectoral,STUNTING,"VITAMIN A","CHILD UNDERNUTRITION","DIETARY DIVERSITY",GROWTH,HEALTH,INTERVENTIONS,OPPORTUNITY,"VITAMIN-A INTAKE"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000303591700010	Capitalizing on the Characteristics of mHealth to Evaluate Its Impact	Burbach, Ryan,Cole-Lewis, Heather,Cosmaciuc, Roxana,Dusabe, Schadrack,Kanter, Andrew S.,Kaonga, Nadi Nina,Mechael, Patricia,Namakula, Patricia,Nemser, Bennett,Ohemeng-Dapaah, Seth,Shemsanga, Muhadili	2012	JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION	18	SUPPL. 1	10.1080/10810730.2012.679848	Columbia University, Millennium Dev Goal Ctr W Africa, Millennium Villages Project	"Burbach, Ryan: Columbia University","Cole-Lewis, Heather: Columbia University","Cosmaciuc, Roxana: Columbia University","Kanter, Andrew S.: Columbia University","Kaonga, Nadi Nina: Columbia University","Mechael, Patricia: Columbia University","Nemser, Bennett: Columbia University",	None	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000274115900013	The impact of immunization on the association between poverty and child survival: Evidence from Kassena-Nankana District of northern Ghana	Adjuik, Martin,Bawah, Ayaga A.,Binka, Fred N.,MacLeod, Bruce,Phillips, James F.,Vaughan-Smith, Maya	2010	SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH	38	1	10.1177/1403494809352532	Columbia University, Navrongo Health Research Center, University of Ghana, University of Maine System, University of Southern Maine, INDEPTH Network	"Adjuik, Martin: Navrongo Health Research Center","Binka, Fred N.: University of Ghana","MacLeod, Bruce: University of Maine System","MacLeod, Bruce: University of Southern Maine","Phillips, James F.: Columbia University",	Background: Research conducted in Africa has consistently demonstrated that parental poverty and low educational attainment adversely affect child survival. Research conducted elsewhere has demonstrated that low-cost vaccines against preventable diseases reduce childhood mortality. Therefore, the extension of vaccination to impoverished populations is widely assumed to diminish equity effects. Recent evidence that childhood mortality is increasing in many countries where vaccination programmes are active challenges this assumption. Data and methods: This paper marshals data from accurate and complete immunization records and survival histories for 18,368 children younger than five years in a rural northern Ghanaian population that is generally impoverished, but where family wealth and parental educational differentials exist nonetheless. Time-conditional Weibull hazard models are estimated to test the hypothesis that childhood immunization offsets the detrimental effects of poverty and low educational attainment. Conclusions: Findings show that the adverse effects of poverty disappear and that the effects of educational attainment are reduced in survival models that control for immunization status. This finding lends empirical support to policies that promote immunization as a strategic component of poverty-reduction programmes.	"CHILD SURVIVAL",HEALTH,IMMUNIZATION,POVERTY,AFRICA,GUINEA-BISSAU,MORTALITY,"NAVRONGO EXPERIMENT"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000306994100011	Beyond Indicators: Advances in Global HIV Monitoring and Evaluation During the PEPFAR Era	Bouey, Paul D.,Curtis, Sian,Hochgesang, Mindy,Idele, Priscilla,Jefferson, Bobby,Lemma, Wuleta,Myrick, Roger,Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, Harriet,Porter, Laura E.,Prybylski, Dimitri,Souteyrand, Yves,Tulli, Tuhuma	2012	JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES	60	None	10.1097/QAI.0b013e31825cf345	Columbia University, Tulane University, University of California San Francisco, University of California System, University of North Carolina, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, World Health Organization, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, , Futures Grp Int, Off US Global AIDS Coordinator, UNICEF	"Curtis, Sian: University of North Carolina","Curtis, Sian: University of North Carolina Chapel Hill","Lemma, Wuleta: Tulane University","Myrick, Roger: University of California San Francisco","Myrick, Roger: University of California System","Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, Harriet: Columbia University","Souteyrand, Yves: World Health Organization",	Monitoring and evaluation (M&amp;E) is fundamental to global HIV program implementation and has been a cornerstone of the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). Rapid results were crucial to demonstrating feasibility and scalability of HIV care and treatment services early in PEPFAR. When national HIV M&amp;E systems were nascent, the rapid influx of funds and the emergency expansion of HIV services contributed to the development of uncoordinated "parallel" information systems to serve donor demands for information. Close collaboration of PEPFAR with multilateral and national partners improved harmonization of indicators, standards, methods, tools, and reports. Concurrent PEPFAR investments in surveillance, surveys, program monitoring, health information systems, and human capacity development began to show signs of progress toward sustainable country-owned systems. Awareness of the need for and usefulness of data increased, far beyond discussions of indicators and reporting. Emphasis has turned toward ensuring the quality of data and using available data to improve the quality of care. Assessing progress toward an AIDS-free generation requires that the global community can measure the reduction of new HIV infections in children and adults and monitor the coverage, quality, and outcomes of highly efficacious interventions in combination. Building national M&amp;E systems requires sustained efforts over long periods of time with effective leadership and coordination. PEPFAR, in close collaboration with its global and national partners, is well positioned to transform the successes and challenges associated with early rapid scale-up into future opportunities for sustainable, cost-effective, country-owned programs and systems.	"monitoring and evaluation",PEPFAR,"ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT",BANGKOK,"EVALUATION SYSTEMS","HEALTH SYSTEMS","MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES",PROGRAM,"RISK BEHAVIOR",SCALE-UP,SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR,THAILAND	None	None
WoS	WOS:000239414300012	Design and evaluation of a drama-based intervention to promote voluntary counseling and HIV testing in a south African community	Bekker, Linda-Gail,Middelkoop, Keren,Myer, Landon,Smit, Joalida,Wood, Robin	2006	SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES	33	8	None	Columbia University, University of Cape Town	None	Background. Voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) services are a major component of HIV prevention and treatment efforts. We developed a drama-based intervention to promote VCT services in a peri-urban community in South Africa. Methods: Young adults from the community received training in HIV/AIDS and drama, and developed sketches to address perceived barriers to VCT. Over 12 months, 80 performances were held in busy community settings. The intervention was evaluated through changes in VCT uptake at the local clinic compared with comparable communities nearby. Results: After the start of the intervention in August 2003, a 172% increase in the uptake of VCT services was observed in the intervention community. This was significantly greater than demand for VCT in either of the control communities during the same period (P &lt; 0.0001). Conclusion: A structured, community-based education program based on drama can lead to substantial increases in the demand for VCT services in resource-limited settings.	,BEHAVIOR,UGANDA	None	None
WoS	WOS:000301868800006	The impact of reducing financial barriers on utilisation of a primary health care facility in Rwanda	Bonds, Matthew H.,Dhillon, Ranu S.,Fraden, Max,Ndahiro, Donald,Ruxin, Josh	2012	GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH	7	1	10.1080/17441692.2011.593536	Columbia University, University of Rwanda, Millennium Villages Project	"Bonds, Matthew H.: University of Rwanda","Dhillon, Ranu S.: Columbia University","Fraden, Max: Columbia University","Ruxin, Josh: Columbia University",	This study investigates the impact of subsidising community-based health insurance (mutuelle) enrolment, removing point-of-service co-payments, and improving service delivery on health facility utilisation rates in Mayange, a sector of rural Rwanda of approximately 25,000 people divided among five 'imidugudu' or small villages. While comprehensive service upgrades were introduced in the Mayange Health Centre between April 2006 and February 2007, utilisation rates remained similar to comparison sites. Between February 2007 and April 2007, subsidies for mutuelle enrolment established virtually 100% coverage. Immediately after co-payments were eliminated in February 2007, patient visits levelled at a rate triple the previous value. Regression analyses using data from Mayange and two comparison sites indicate that removing financial barriers resulted in about 0.6 additional annual visits for curative care per capita. Although based on a single local pilot, these findings suggest that in order to achieve improved health outcomes, key short-term objectives include improved service delivery and reduced financial barriers. Based on this pilot, higher utilisation rates may be affected if broader swaths of the population are enrolled in mutuelle and co-payments are eliminated. Health leaders in Rwanda should consider further studies to determine if the impact of eliminating co-payments and increasing subsidies for mutuelle enrolment as seen in Mayange holds at greater levels of scale. Broader studies to better elucidate the impact of enrolment subsidies and co-payment subsidies on utilisation, health outcomes, and costs would also provide policy insights.	"community-based health insurance",Mayange,mutuelle,RWANDA,"USER FEES",ACCESS,AFRICA,COST,INSURANCE,POVERTY,SERVICES,UGANDA,"USER FEES"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939165185	Effects of a carbohydrate-electrolyte solution on cognitive performance following exercise-induced hyperthermia in humans	Lee J.K.W., Ang W.H., Ng J.W.X., Fan P.W.P., Teo Y.S., Nolte H.W., Yeo Y.Y.W.	2014	Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition	11	1	10.1186/s12970-014-0051-x	Combat Protection and Performance Programme, Defence Medical and Environmental Research Institute, DSO National Laboratories, Singapore; Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; ERGOnomics TECHnologies, Research and Development, Armscor, Pretoria, South Africa	Lee, J.K.W., Combat Protection and Performance Programme, Defence Medical and Environmental Research Institute, DSO National Laboratories, Singapore, Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Ang, W.H., Combat Protection and Performance Programme, Defence Medical and Environmental Research Institute, DSO National Laboratories, Singapore; Ng, J.W.X., Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Fan, P.W.P., Combat Protection and Performance Programme, Defence Medical and Environmental Research Institute, DSO National Laboratories, Singapore; Teo, Y.S., Combat Protection and Performance Programme, Defence Medical and Environmental Research Institute, DSO National Laboratories, Singapore; Nolte, H.W., ERGOnomics TECHnologies, Research and Development, Armscor, Pretoria, South Africa; Yeo, Y.Y.W., Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore	Background: There is limited information on the effects of sports drinks on cognitive function after exercise in the heat. We aimed to investigate the effects of ingesting a commercially available carbohydrate-electrolyte (CHO) solution on cognitive performance following exercise-induced hyperthermia. Methods: Twelve participants completed three practices of cognitive tests, one full familiarisation and two experimental trials in an environmental chamber (dry bulb temperature: 30.2 ± 0.3°C, relative humidity: 70 ± 3%). The experimental trials consisted of five cognitive tests (symbol digit matching, search and memory, digit span, choice reaction time and psychomotor vigilance test) performed before and after a 75-min run on a treadmill at 70% VO<inf>2</inf> max. One ml/kg body mass of a 6.8% CHO solution or placebo was consumed at the start, every 15 min during exercise and between cognitive tests after exercise. Core temperature, heart rate, blood glucose concentrations, subjective ratings and cognitive performance were assessed (symbol digit matching, search and memory, digit span, choice reaction time and psychomotor vigilance). Results: Participants were hyperthermic at the end of the run (placebo: 39.5 ± 0.4°C, CHO: 39.6 ± 0.5°C; Mean ± SD; p = 0.37). The change in blood glucose was higher with CHO ingestion (1.6, 0.7 to 4.5 mmol/L) (median, range) than with placebo ingestion (0.9, -0.1 to 4.7 mmol/L; p < 0.05). CHO ingestion reduced the maximum span of digits memorized, in contrast to an increase in maximum span with placebo ingestion (p < 0.05). CHO solution had no effect on other cognitive tests (p > 0.05). Conclusions: These results suggest that CHO solution ingestion may impair short-term memory following exertional heat stress. © 2014 Lee et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955909023	Factors contributing to the academic performance of students in a private university in Kenya: A case of Daystar university	Karimi F.K.	2010	International Journal of Learning	17	8	None	Commission for Higher Education in Kenya, Kenya	Karimi, F.K., Commission for Higher Education in Kenya, Kenya	There are student-related factors that significantly contribute to the academic performance of undergraduate students in the universities. This study aimed at identifying the factors that contribute to the academic performance of undergraduate students in the universities, using Daystar University as a case. The study also sought to establish the perception of students on the factors that contribute to their academic performance in the university. The study employed both descriptive and path analyses in establishing the factors that contribute to the academic performance of students in the university. Students' final high school grade, English Language proficiency, self-regulatory learning strategies and extrinsic goal orientation were observed to have direct effects on the academic performance of the students in the university. On the other hand, self efficacy, locus of control, intrinsic goal orientations and personality traits were observed to have indirect effects on the academic performance of students in the university. Most of the students perceived the self-regulatory learning strategies to be the greatest determinant of their academic performance in the university. There is need for students as well as their mentors to promote the positive contributors while discouraging the negative ones while enhancing the students academic performance in the university. Transitional issues from high school to tertiary level of education should not be overlooked as a factor contributing to the academic performance of students in the university. Further research is required on the external factors that contribute to the academic performance of students in the university. A replica of the same study in other universities within the country was also deemed necessary. © Common Ground, Florah K. Karimi.	Academic performance; Age; Attitudes; English language proficiency; Goal-orientations; Personality traits; Prior high school grade; Self-regulatory learning strategies; Undergraduate students	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77958105531	Production performance of dual purpose crosses of two indigenous with two exotic chicken breeds in sub-tropical environment	Bekele F., AdnoØy T., GjoØen H.M., Kathle J., Abebe G.	2010	International Journal of Poultry Science	9	7	None	Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Arboretveien 6, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Department of Animal and Range Sciences, College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Hawassa, Ethiopia	Bekele, F., Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Arboretveien 6, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway, Department of Animal and Range Sciences, College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Hawassa, Ethiopia; AdnoØy, T., Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Arboretveien 6, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; GjoØen, H.M., Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Arboretveien 6, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Kathle, J., Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Arboretveien 6, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Abebe, G., Department of Animal and Range Sciences, College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Hawassa, Ethiopia	An ongoing crossbreeding experiment is being conducted with the objective of producing dual purpose synthetic chicken for village poultry production in Ethiopia. The two exotic chicken breeds used were the Fayoumi (F) and Rhode Island Red (R) as dam line, whereas the two indigenous chicken breeds used were the Naked neck (N) and local Netch (W); a white feathered chicken. The indigenous breeds were used as sire line to produce the hybrids FN (F♀ X N♂) and RW (R♀ X W♂). Growth and egg production performance of the crosses were compared with each other and with the exotic pure line performance. Both body and egg weight of FN was improved while body weight of RW was reduced and age at first egg was significantly reduced, compared to their respective dam line. Egg production for the crosses was lower than for their maternal lines. Although FN cross chicks weighed more and grew faster than RW chicks during the brooding period, the difference became insignificant as they grew older. However, the higher overall average body weight gain of RW crosses that was observed was mainly due to higher weight gain for the RW cocks. No significant differences were observed in overall egg production and quality traits between the two crosses, but significant age effect within crosses was found. Mortality in the FN cross was lower than in the RW cross. These F1 crosses will be used as parents to produce a 4-way synthetic crossbred chicken. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2010.	Body weight; Egg production; Egg quality; References; Two-way crossing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84902523905	African primary care research: Performing a programme evaluation	Dudley L.	2014	African Journal of Primary Health Care and Family Medicine	6	1	10.4102/phcfm.v6i1.634	Community Health Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19063, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa	Dudley, L., Community Health Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19063, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa	This article is part of a series on Primary Care Research in the African context and focuses on programme evaluation. Different types of programme evaluation are outlined: developmental, process, outcome and impact. Eight steps to follow in designing your programme evaluation are then described in some detail: engage stakeholders; establish what is known; describe the programme; define the evaluation and select a study design; define the indicators; plan and manage data collection and analysis; make judgements and recommendations; and disseminate the findings. Other articles in the series cover related topics such as writing your research proposal, performing a literature review, conducting surveys with questionnaires, qualitative interviewing and approaches to quantitative and qualitative data analysis. © 2014. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84872001751	The impact of routine HIV testing on HIV-related stigma and discrimination in Africa	Durojaye E.	2011	International Journal of Discrimination and the Law	11	4	10.1177/1358229111435735	Community Law Centre, University of Western Cape, South Africa	Durojaye, E., Community Law Centre, University of Western Cape, South Africa	This paper discusses different methods of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing, particularly routine and voluntary HIV testing methods, which have been adopted in response to the HIV epidemic in Africa. It then examines the importance of HIV testing as a tool for the prevention and treatment of infected and affected persons. The paper argues that although routine HIV testing is important in scaling up HIV testing in Africa, it may not necessarily address HIV-related stigma as contended by some commentators. Rather, it is argued that routine HIV testing, as practised in many African countries, may fuel HIV-related stigma and violate individuals' fundamental rights guaranteed in numerous human rights instruments. In conclusion, the paper cautions that any attempt at adopting routine HIV testing in Africa should be tempered with respect for people's human rights. © 2011 The Author(s).	Africa; human rights; Routine HIV testing; stigma and discrimination	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874253215	Impact of adopting enterprise resource planning systems by commercial organizations in Kenya	Abdullabhai M., Acosta F.	2012	DLSU Business and Economics Review	21	2	None	Computer Pride Ltd, Nairobi, Kenya; Strathmore Business School, Nairobi, Kenya	Abdullabhai, M., Computer Pride Ltd, Nairobi, Kenya; Acosta, F., Strathmore Business School, Nairobi, Kenya	The purpose of our research is to understand the benefits Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems render to commercial organizations in Kenya and to understand the challenges that affect the ERP Implementation process. These benefits and challenges have direct impact on the performance of the business; therefore the study seek to understand the complexity of these two factors. Thirty five organizations participated in our research. We established what kind of benefits were realized by various sizes of organization adopting ERP systems, and the differences that exist among challenges and benefits with respect to the size of the organization and age of ERP System. Lastly, our research also identifies how various benefits and challenges are interconnected and interdependent. © 2012 De La Salle University, Philippines.	Benefits; Challenges; ERP systems; Implementation; Kenyan business environment	None	None
WoS	WOS:000299437500004	A proposed methodology for contextualised evaluation in higher education	Belluigi, Dina Zoe,Nygaard, Claus	2011	ASSESSMENT &amp; EVALUATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION	36	6	10.1080/02602931003650037	Copenhagen Business School, Rhodes University	"Belluigi, Dina Zoe: Rhodes University","Nygaard, Claus: Copenhagen Business School"	This paper aims to inspire stakeholders working with quality of higher education (such as members of study boards, study programme directors, curriculum developers and teachers) to critically consider their evaluation methods in relation to a focus on student learning. We argue that many of the existing methods of evaluation in higher education are underpinned by a conception of learning that is de-contextualised. As a consequence, many data collection methods do not address aspects that affect students' learning. This is problematic because the core aim of higher education is to facilitate student learning. We propose a contextualised evaluation methodology, guided by 10 key questions, which can help evaluators address concepts and questions of student learning in their evaluations.	"contextualised learning",evaluation,FEEDBACK,methodology,WORK	None	None
WoS	WOS:000234123500003	Context matters: interpreting impact findings in child survival evaluations	Amaral, J,Bryce, J,El Arifeen, S,HABICHT, JP,HUICHO, L,Manzi, F,Pariyo, G,SCHELLENBERG, JA,Scherpbier, RW,VICTORA, CG	2005	HEALTH POLICY AND PLANNING	20	SUPPL. 1	10.1093/heapol/czi050	Cornell University, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Makerere University, National University of San Marcos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Universidade Federal do Ceara, University of Geneva, University of London, World Health Organization, Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr, Inst Salud Nino, London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine	None	Appropriate consideration of contextual factors is essential for ensuring internal and external validity of randomized and non-randomized evaluations. Contextual factors may confound the association between delivery of the intervention and its potential health impact. They may also modify the effect of the intervention or programme, thus affecting the generalizability of results. This is particularly true for large-scale health programmes, for which impact may vary substantially from one context to another. Understanding the nature and role of contextual factors may improve the validity of study results, as well as help predict programme impact across sites. This paper describes the experience acquired in measuring and accounting for contextual factors in the Multi-Country Evaluation of the IMCI (Integrated Management of Childhood Illness) strategy in five countries: Bangladesh, Brazil, Peru, Uganda and Tanzania. Two main types of contextual factors were identified. Implementation-related factors include the characteristics of the health systems where IMCI was implemented, such as utilization rates, basic skills of health workers, and availability of drugs, supervision and referral. Impact-related factors include baseline levels and patterns of child mortality and nutritional status, which affect the scope for programme impact. We describe the strategies used in the IMCI evaluation in order to obtain data on relevant contextual factors and to incorporate them in the analyses. Two case studies - from Tanzania and Peru - show how appropriate consideration of contextual factors may help explain apparently conflicting evaluation results.	,CARE,ILLNESS,"INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT",INTERVENTIONS,PUBLIC-HEALTH,TANZANIA	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33646193106	Planning and performance of small and medium enterprise operators in a country in transition	Yusuf A., Saffu K.	2005	Journal of Small Business Management	43	4	10.1111/j.1540-627X.2005.00148.x	Corporate Planning and Development Division, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, Nigeria; Department of Entrepreneurship, Brock University, St. Catherines, Ont., Canada	Yusuf, A., Corporate Planning and Development Division, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, Nigeria; Saffu, K., Department of Entrepreneurship, Brock University, St. Catherines, Ont., Canada	This paper examines the relationship between planning and performance of small and medium enterprise operators in a country in economic transition. The literature on planning-performance relationship reports mixed findings. In a period of uncertainty, as exemplified by conditions of economic difficulties, one would expect firms to do more planning. On the contrary, our study shows that economic difficulties do not encourage firms to plan seriously. Our study also shows that firms that plan do not necessarily experience increased performance, with the exception of the manufacturing sector. Other findings of the study include a significant gender difference in the planning sophistication of small firms in Ghana, with firms managed or owned by males having sophisticated planning compared with female managed or female-owned businesses. Size did not moderate planning performance in our study. Planning affected performance equally in both large and small firms in our study. We found no difference among the planning clusters for education. Firms with the highest growth in sales had low-planning sophistication. This study contributes to our understanding and appreciation of situations in which planning does not necessarily add significant value to organizations (by way of increased performance).	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904977852	Impact of quantum entanglement on spectrum of cosmological fluctuations	Kanno S.	2014	Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics	2014	7	10.1088/1475-7516/2014/07/029	Cosmology and Gravity Center, Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa	Kanno, S., Cosmology and Gravity Center, Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa	We investigate the effect of entanglement between two causally separated open charts in de Sitter space on the spectrum of vacuum fluctuations. We consider a free massive scalar field, and construct the reduced density matrix by tracing out the vacuum state for one of the open charts, as recently derived by Maldacena and Pimentel. We formulate the mean-square vacuum fluctuations by using the reduced density matrix and show that the scale invariant spectrum of massless scalar field is realized on small scales. On the other hand, we find that the quantum entanglement affects the shape of the spectrum on large scales comparable to or greater than the curvature radius.	ination; quantum cosmology; quantum field theory on curved space	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893333974	Quality evaluation of chocolate produced using soy-cow milk	Obatoye A.O., Ogunwolu S.O., Idowu M.A.	2014	Nutrition and Food Science	44	1	10.1108/NFS-07-2013-0078	Crop Processing and Utilization, Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan, Nigeria; Food and Human Ecology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria	Obatoye, A.O., Crop Processing and Utilization, Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan, Nigeria; Ogunwolu, S.O., Crop Processing and Utilization, Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan, Nigeria; Idowu, M.A., Food and Human Ecology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria	Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effects of substituting cow milk with soy milk in the standard milk chocolate recipe on the physical, chemical and sensory qualities of milk chocolate and obtain the best ratio of substitution. Design/methodology/approach: Milk chocolates were produced by substituting the cow milk in the standard recipe with soy milk powder at different ratios of soy milk to cow milk. Physical and chemical analyses were carried out using the standard methods to evaluate the major raw materials and chocolate samples, and the sensory evaluation of the chocolate samples was carried out using preference and difference tests. Findings: Soy milk contained the highest crude protein and crude fiber. The cut test results of the cocoa beans showed that the percentage of fully fermented cocoa beans was in agreement with the standard. Residimeter value (RV) of four chocolate samples (30:70, 20:80, 10:90, and 0:100) was the best. The nitrogen content and melting points of the chocolates samples were found to increase with increased inclusion of soy milk powder in the recipe. There was no significant difference (p<0.05) in taste, sweetness, smoothness, and overall acceptability of the 0:100 and 30:70; soy milk to cow milk samples. Practical implications: Soy-chocolate will be a new chocolate product with higher melting point and lower cost than the standard milk chocolate. The selling price of chocolate will be lower and thus affordable to low-income earners. Also, there will be an increased utilization of soybean. Originality/value: Soy-chocolate recipe is a new and additional recipe for the production of milk chocolate. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Cocoa; Food products; Milk; Nutrition; Product development; Soya	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79958129745	Bubbles in South African house prices and their impact on consumption	Das S., Gupta R., Kanda P.T.	2011	Journal of Real Estate Literature	19	1	None	CSIR Built Environment, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	Das, S., CSIR Built Environment, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; Gupta, R., University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Kanda, P.T., CSIR Built Environment, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	This study tests for house price bubbles in the South African housing market using quarterly data from 1969:Q2 to 2009:Q3, based on the unit root test developed by Phillips, Wu, and Yu (2010). The findings indicate house price bubbles in the aggregate, large, medium, and small-middle segments, but not in the luxury and affordable segments. Next, symmetric and asymmetric versions of an Error Correction Model (ECM) are used to investigate the spillover effects from the housing sector onto consumption. Results indicate significant and asymmetric spillovers, with consumption responding significantly to house price deceleration, although there is no evidence of the effect being higher during the bubble period.	None	None	None
None	None	The measurement of wool fibre properties and their effect on worsted processing performance and product quality. Part 1: The objective measurement of wool fibre properties	Botha A.F., Hunter L.	2010	Textile Progress	42	4	10.1080/00405167.2010.486932	CSIR Materials Science and Manufacturing, Fibres and Textiles Industrial Support Centre, PO Box 1124, Port Elizabeth 6000, South Africa; Department of Textile Science, Faculty of Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa	Botha, A.F., CSIR Materials Science and Manufacturing, Fibres and Textiles Industrial Support Centre, PO Box 1124, Port Elizabeth 6000, South Africa; Hunter, L., CSIR Materials Science and Manufacturing, Fibres and Textiles Industrial Support Centre, PO Box 1124, Port Elizabeth 6000, South Africa, Department of Textile Science, Faculty of Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa	The world has moved away from subjective appraisal of raw wool characteristics and has entered an era of objective measurement and specification, and the raw wool trade is rapidly moving towards sale by total description which necessitates the accurate, rapid and cost effective measurement of all the raw wool characteristics important in determining price, textile performance and end-use. The development and availability of new technologies and equipment have enabled the objective measurement of many more raw wool characteristics than was possible in the past. Over the past few decades, a considerable amount of research has been carried out worldwide on the effect of the raw wool characteristics on topmaking and spinning performance, as well as on yarn properties. This was done in order to gain a better understanding of, and to quantify, the effects of fibre and processing parameters on processing behaviour and performance and on the properties of the top and yarn and even the fabric. An important aim of the research was to improve the processing of wool and the productivity and cost effectiveness of the various processing stages. This research led to a better understanding of which raw wool characteristics influence textile processing behaviour and performance, as well as the product quality and end-use performance, and ultimately the raw wool price. On the basis of this, technologies and instruments were developed and commercialised for measuring the key raw wool characteristics rapidly, accurately and cost effectively. In parallel to this, the associated test methods were developed and standardised largely under the umbrella of the IWTO, many of these being adopted and used in raw wool marketing and trading worldwide. This review covers the research and development carried out over more than half a century on the development and standardisation of technologies, instruments and test methods for the measurement of those characteristics determining the price and textile quality of raw wool and which are therefore important in terms of the global marketing and trading of raw wool. Research and development in this field is still continuing, but at a much lower intensity and pace than during the second half of the previous century. © 2010 The Textile Institute.	coarse edge; coloured fibres; dark fibres; fibre crimp; fibre curvature; fibre diameter; fibre length; Hauteur; medullated fibres; pigmented fibres; raw wool properties; resistance to compression; staple crimp; staple length; staple strength; vegetable ma	None	None
None	None	Evaluation of essential oils as seed treatment for the control of xanthomonas spp. associated with the bacterial leaf spot of tomato in Tanzania	Mbega E.R., Mabagala R.B., Mortensen C.N., Wulff E.G.	2012	Journal of Plant Pathology	94	2	None	Danish Seed Health Centre for Developing Countries, Department of Agriculture and Ecology, University of Copenhagen, Hoejbakkegaard, Allé 13, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark; African Seed Health Centre, Department of Crop Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O.BOX 3005, Morogoro, Tanzania	Mbega, E.R., Danish Seed Health Centre for Developing Countries, Department of Agriculture and Ecology, University of Copenhagen, Hoejbakkegaard, Allé 13, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark, African Seed Health Centre, Department of Crop Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O.BOX 3005, Morogoro, Tanzania; Mabagala, R.B., African Seed Health Centre, Department of Crop Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O.BOX 3005, Morogoro, Tanzania; Mortensen, C.N., Danish Seed Health Centre for Developing Countries, Department of Agriculture and Ecology, University of Copenhagen, Hoejbakkegaard, Allé 13, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark; Wulff, E.G., Danish Seed Health Centre for Developing Countries, Department of Agriculture and Ecology, University of Copenhagen, Hoejbakkegaard, Allé 13, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark	Bacterial leaf spot (BLS) caused by Xanthomonas spp. is a serious and a major constraint to tomato production worldwide. The seed-borne nature of BLS, the complex nature of the disease, which is caused by different bacterial species and the current ineffective control measures have made the evaluation of alternative control compounds for seed treatment necessary. Therefore, the efficacy of 11 essential oils applied as seed treatments to control Xanthomonas perforans in tomato and the effect on seed germination and seedling growth was evaluated. Seed treatment with oils of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globules Labill.), rosemary (Rosmarinus of-ficinalis L.) and niaouli (Melaleuca viridiflora Sol. ex Gaertn.) at 2% concentration inhibited the growth of X. perforans in the in vitro assays and consistently reduced the incidence and severity of BLS in planta tests. Negative effects on seed germination and seedling growth were not observed when tomato seeds were treated with the essential oils of eucalyptus and rosemary. Therefore, eucalyptus and rosemary oils can be used for seed treatment to control BLS in tomato. Further investigation is required on the shelf life of these oils, mode of action and their effects on other seed-borne pathogens of tomato and in other crop systems in Tanzania.	Bacterial disease; Control; Essential oils; Seed treatment; Xanthomonads	None	None
WoS	WOS:000324601100001	Situational analysis and expert evaluation of the nutrition and health status of infants and young children in five countries in sub-Saharan Africa	Ake-Tano, Odile,Alles, Martine,Diouf, Saliou,Eussen, Simone,Lakati, Alice,Mauras, Celine,Oduwole, Abiola,Tanya, Agatha	2013	FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN	34	3	None	Danone, University of Lagos, University of Yaounde I, AMREF, Inst Pediat Social UCAD	"Alles, Martine: Danone","Eussen, Simone: Danone","Mauras, Celine: Danone","Oduwole, Abiola: University of Lagos","Tanya, Agatha: University of Yaounde I",	Background. The poor feeding practices of pregnant women, infants, and young children contribute to the burden of malnutrition and subsequently to childhood morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Gaining insight into the nutritional and health status of infants and young children will help to focus future nutrition programs and actions. Objective. To assess the nutrition and health status of infants and young children in five sub-Saharan African countries: Ivory Coast, Senegal, Cameroon, Kenya, and Nigeria. Methods. Published and gray literature was critically reviewed and enriched with the views of local experts from academia, hospitals, and institutions to assess infants' and children's diet and health in the five sub-Saharan African countries. Subsequently, the Africa Nutriday Conference was held in Senegal in November 2011 to further discuss key challenges, action plans, and recommendations for future research. Results. This review highlighted the need for education of parents and healthcare professionals in order to increase their knowledge of breastfeeding, vaccination programs, and over- and undernutrition. An integrated health and nutrition surveillance is needed both to identify micronutrient deficiencies and to recognize early signs of overweight. These data will help to adapt nutrition education and food fortification programs to the target populations. Conclusions. Different countries in sub-Saharan Africa face similar nutrition and health issues and are currently not sharing best practices, nutrition programs, and scientific studies optimally. There is a need for closer collaboration among scientists within and between countries.	breastfeeding,CHILDREN,"HEALTH STATUS",INFANTS,NUTRITION,PREGNANCY,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA","FEEDING PRACTICES",INTERVENTIONS,KENYA,OBESITY,POLICIES,"PROGRAMMATIC ACTIVITIES",SAHEL,SENEGAL,UNDERNUTRITION	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84906094429	Sheep reproductive performance and lamb survivability under mature oil palm	Larbi E., Anim-Okyere S., Danso F., Danso I., Marfo-Ahenkora E.	2014	Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology	7	23	None	CSIR-Oil Palm Research Institute, P.O. Box 74, Kade, Ghana; CSIR-Animal Research Institute, P.O. Box AH 20, Achimota, Accra, Ghana	Larbi, E., CSIR-Oil Palm Research Institute, P.O. Box 74, Kade, Ghana; Anim-Okyere, S., CSIR-Oil Palm Research Institute, P.O. Box 74, Kade, Ghana; Danso, F., CSIR-Oil Palm Research Institute, P.O. Box 74, Kade, Ghana; Danso, I., CSIR-Oil Palm Research Institute, P.O. Box 74, Kade, Ghana; Marfo-Ahenkora, E., CSIR-Animal Research Institute, P.O. Box AH 20, Achimota, Accra, Ghana	The study examines the seasonal reproductive performance of sheep reared under oil palm plantation and the subsequent survival of lambs up to weaning age. On-station studies were carried out from 2007 to 2010 at CSIR-Oil Palm Research Institute, Kusi (001.45 W, 0600 N and 150 m above sea level). The average total rainfall is about 1600 mm/annum with average daily maximum temperature of 32±2oC. Sheep productivity (% lambing, litter size per ewe, survival rate, monthly birth and death rates) were the variables measured. An annual average of 58 ewes and 4 lambs were used. Results show that while lambing rate was 98%, lamb survival was 63.84%. This implies that almost two-fifth of yearly reproduction was lost to mortality with significantly large number of lambs dying in August. Though there was high percentage of lambing, this was offset by high mortality of lambs. © Maxwell Scientific Organization, 2014.	Lamb mortality; Lamb survivability; Oil palm sheep-integration; Sheep productivity	None	CSIR, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924346211	Impact of NERICA adoption on incomes of rice-producing households in Northern Ghana	Wiredu A.N., Asante B.O., Martey E., Diagne A., Dogbe W.	2014	Journal of Sustainable Development	7	1	10.5539/jsd.v7n1p167	CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Nyankpala, Ghana; Rural Development Theory and Policy, Institute of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences in Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany; CSIR-Crops Research Institute, Ghana; UNE Business School, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia; Africa Rice Centre (AfricaRice), Cotonou, Benin	Wiredu, A.N., CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Nyankpala, Ghana, Rural Development Theory and Policy, Institute of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences in Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany; Asante, B.O., CSIR-Crops Research Institute, Ghana, UNE Business School, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia; Martey, E., CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Nyankpala, Ghana; Diagne, A., Africa Rice Centre (AfricaRice), Cotonou, Benin; Dogbe, W., CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Nyankpala, Ghana	The Multinational NERICA Rice Dissemination Project in Ghana promoted the adoption of NERICA varieties and complementary technologies. NERICA adoption was expected to increase rice production and the incomes of beneficiary households. This study assessed the impact of NERICA adoption on the incomes of rice-producing households in northern Ghana. With data from a cross-section of 150 systematically selected rice-producing households, the study revealed 36.7% adoption rate. Agriculture and rice production were the most important livelihood activities as they contributed 80% and 55.09% of total household income respectively. To control for endogeneity, the study used the local average treatment effect (LATE) estimation methodology and showed that NERICA adoption significantly increased rice income, agricultural income, per-capita income and total annual income by $196.52, $446.37, $0.44 and $498.44, respectively. The major recommendation from this study is the need to continue the promotion of the NERICA varieties by creating access to seeds of the varieties together with other productivity enhancing technologies. Efforts should be focused on the provision of marketing and roads infrastructure to induce access to input and product markets.	Adoption; Ghana; Impact; Income; Late; Nerica	None	CSIR, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
Scopus	2-s2.0-84934290452	Modeling impact of climate change on water resources and agriculture demand in the Volta Basin and other basin systems in Ghana	Amisigo B.A., McCluskey A., Swanson R.	2015	Sustainability (Switzerland)	7	6	10.3390/su7066957	CSIR-Water Research Institute, P.O. Box AH38, Achimota, Accra, Ghana; Engineering Management, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; Civil Engineering, University of Colorado, 352 Summer Ave., Reading, MA, United States	Amisigo, B.A., CSIR-Water Research Institute, P.O. Box AH38, Achimota, Accra, Ghana; McCluskey, A., Engineering Management, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; Swanson, R., Civil Engineering, University of Colorado, 352 Summer Ave., Reading, MA, United States	An assessment of the impacts of projected climate change on water availability and crop production in the Volta Basin and the southwestern and coastal basin systems of Ghana has been undertaken as a component of the impacts and adaptation study for Ghana by UNU-WIDER and the University of Ghana. Four climate change scenarios were considered in addition to a reference (no change) scenario-two dry and two wet scenarios. To conduct the analysis, a portion of a special framework using three water models was used; the framework is called the Strategic Analysis of Climate resilient Development (SACReD). First, the CliRun water balance model was used to simulate catchment runoffs using projected rainfall and temperature under the scenarios. Second, climate impacts on yields of the economically important Ghana crops were modeled using the AquaCrop software. Third, the Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) software was used for the water allocation modeling. The results show that all water demands (municipal, hydropower, and agriculture) cannot be simultaneously met currently, or under any of the scenarios used, including the wet scenarios. This calls for an evaluation of groundwater as an additional source of water supply and an integrated water resources management plan in the catchments to balance demand with supply and ensure sustainable socio-economic development. In addition, the AquaCrop model forecasts negative impacts for the crop yields studied, with some crops and regions seeing larger impacts than others. © 2015 by the authors.	Agriculture; Climate change; Ghana; Water resources	None	None
WoS	WOS:000318962000001	Advancing the theory and practice of impact assessment: Setting the research agenda	Bond, Alan,Morrison-Saunders, Angus,Pope, Jenny,Retief, Francois	2013	ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REVIEW	41	None	10.1016/j.eiar.2013.01.008	Curtin University, Murdoch University, North West University - South Africa, University of East Anglia, Integral Sustainabil	"Retief, Francois: North West University - South Africa",	Impact assessment has been in place for over 40 years and is now practised in some form in all but two of the world's nations. In this paper we reflect on the state of the art of impact assessment theory and practice, focusing on six well-established forms: EIA, SEA, policy assessment, SIA, HIA and sustainability assessment. We note that although the fundamentals of impact assessment have their roots in the US National Environmental Policy Act 1969 (NEPA) each branch of the field is distinct in also drawing on other theoretical and conceptual bases that in turn shape the prevailing discourse in each case, generating increasing degrees of specialisation within each sub-field. Against this backdrop, we consider the strengths and weaknesses of collective impact assessment practice, concluding that although there are substantial strengths, the plethora of specialist branches is generating a somewhat confusing picture and lack of clarity regarding how the pieces of the impact assessment jigsaw puzzle fit together. We use this review to suggest an overarching research agenda that will enable impact assessment to evolve in line with changing expectations for what it should deliver. (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.	EIA,"IMPACT ASSESSMENT",RESEARCH,"STATE OF THE ART","ASSESSMENT SEA PRACTICE",EIA,MANAGEMENT,PARTICIPATION,PERSPECTIVES,POLICY-MAKING,REFLECTIONS,SOUTH-AFRICA,"STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT","SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000323242100002	Who views what? Impact assessment through the eyes of farmers, development organization staff and researchers	Cosyns, Hannes,De Wulf, Robert,Van Damme, Patrick	2013	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND WORLD ECOLOGY	20	4	10.1080/13504509.2013.806372	Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Ghent University, World Agroforestry Ctr ICRAF GRP 1	"Cosyns, Hannes: Ghent University","De Wulf, Robert: Ghent University",	The present study assesses the impact of a rural development project on farmers' livelihoods, as perceived by farmers, development organization staff and researchers. The project concerned, aimed to increase small-scale farmers' financial benefits by promoting the commercialization of Ricinodendron heudelotii (Baill.) Pierre ex Pax kernels (njansang) in Cameroon. The three parties evaluated the impacts of the project, over the 2005-2010 period, through indicators embedded in the Sustainable Livelihood Framework (natural, financial, human, social and physical assets). Project households were compared with control households. Results show that farmers' and development organization staff's views were aligned regarding the relative importance of the indicators to measure success (with overlaps &gt; 85%). The three stakeholders evaluated changes of farmers' livelihood indicators over the 2005-2010 period on 5-point Likert items. All three stated that most indicators improved significantly more in project than in control households (p &lt; 0.001). Development organization staff probably overestimated changes induced by project interventions as they perceived significantly larger changes as compared with farmers and researchers (p &lt; 0.05). Our study highlights the differences between impact perceived by farmers, development organization staff and researchers and helps to build the knowledge base of the potential and reliability of participatory evaluation approaches. Furthermore, an approach to assess impacts on people's livelihood is proposed, combining the strengths of participatory evaluation with those of classic evaluation methods.	COMMERCIALIZATION,"LIKERT SCALE",participatory,Ricinodendron,"RURAL DEVELOPMENT","Sustainable livelihood framework",ACCURACY,CAMEROON,COMMERCIALIZATION,LIVELIHOOD,MANAGEMENT,"STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION","SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT",SYSTEMS,"TIMBER FOREST PROD	None	None
WoS	WOS:000312954300012	Measuring social accountability in health professional education: Development and international pilot testing of an evaluation framework	Buso, David,Larkins, Sarah L.,Lindemann, Iris C.,Matte, Marie C.,Neusy, Andre-Jacques,Palsdottir, Bjorg,Preston, Robyn,Ross, Simone J.,Samson, Rex,Tandinco, Filedito D.,THEnet	2013	MEDICAL TEACHER	35	1	10.3109/0142159X.2012.731106	Dalhousie University, Flinders University South Australia, James Cook University, Ateneo de Zamboanga Univ, No Ontario Sch Med, Univ Philippines, Walter Sisulu University of Technology & Science	"Larkins, Sarah L.: James Cook University","Lindemann, Iris C.: Flinders University South Australia",	Background: Health professional schools are responsible for producing graduates with competencies and attitudes to address health inequities and respond to priority health needs. Health professional schools striving towards social accountability founded the Training for Health Equity Network (THEnet). Aim: This article describes the development of THEnet evaluation framework for socially accountable health professional education, presents the framework to be used as a tool by other schools and discusses the findings of pilot implementation at five schools. Methods: The framework was designed collaboratively and built on Boelen and Woollard's conceptualization, production and usability model. It includes key components, linked to aspirational statements, indicators and suggested measurement tools. Five schools completed pilot implementation, involving workshops, document/data review and focus group discussions with faculty, students and community members. Results: Three sections of the framework consider: How does our school work?; What do we do? and What difference do we make? Pilot testing proved that the evaluation framework was acceptable and feasible across contexts and produced findings useful at school level and to compare schools. The framework is designed as a formative exercise to help schools take a critical look at their performance and progress towards social accountability. Initiatives to implement the framework more widely are underway. The framework effectively aids in identifying strengths, weaknesses and gaps, with a view to schools striving for continuous self-improvement. Conclusion: THEnet evaluation framework is applicable and useful across contexts. It is possible and desirable to assess progress towards social accountability in health professional schools and this is an important step in producing health professionals with knowledge, attitudes, and skills to meet the challenges of priority health needs of underserved populations.	None	None	None
None	None	Does globalisation impact SME development in Africa?	Mutalemwa D.K.	2015	African Journal of Economic and Management Studies	6	2	10.1108/AJEMS-01-2015-0012	Dar-es-Salaam Campus College, Mzumbe University, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania	Mutalemwa, D.K., Dar-es-Salaam Campus College, Mzumbe University, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania	Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to increase understanding and knowledge of the impact of globalisation on African small and medium enterprise (SME) development. The contribution of SMEs to manufacturing industrialisation can be viewed in the context of the changing setting of globalisation. Globalisation is a description as well as a prescription. It can be broadly defined as closer economic integration as a result of rapid advances in technology, growth of world trade and competition, and policy changes towards economic liberalisation. Globalisation can also pose a challenge on how SMEs in Africa should brace themselves to respond to – and take advantages of – the changes, and carve an appropriate position in the global competitive economy. Design/methodology/approach – The paper reviews and synthesises the eclectic literature and also draws from the experiences of both developed and developing economies. Findings – The evidence from the literature points to several stumbling blocks that prevent African manufacturing SMEs from participating successfully in the global economy. These include problems with exports, technology, competitiveness and inter-firm linkages as well as barriers in the institutional and policy environments. Originality/value – The paper will be useful to businesses, researchers, policy makers, civil society and others interested in understanding the impact of globalisation on manufacturing SME development. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Africa; Globalization; Industrialization; SMEs	None	None
WoS	WOS:000345143900001	Impact of implementing performance-based financing on childhood malnutrition in Rwanda	Binagwaho, Agnes,Bizimana, Jean de Dieu,Condo, Jeanine,Forrest, Jamie I.,Kanters, Steve,Karema, Corine,Ngabo, Fidele,Wagner, Claire	2014	BMC PUBLIC HEALTH	14	None	10.1186/1471-2458-14-1132	Dartmouth College, Harvard University, The World Bank, University of British Columbia, University of Rwanda, Global Hlth Delivery Partnership, Govt Rwanda, RBC	"Bizimana, Jean de Dieu: The World Bank","Condo, Jeanine: University of Rwanda","Forrest, Jamie I.: University of British Columbia","Kanters, Steve: University of British Columbia",	Background: Malnutrition remains a serious concern in Rwanda, particularly among children under-5 years. Performance-based financing (PBF), an innovative health systems financing strategy, has been implemented at the national level since 2008. This study aimed to assess the impact of PBF and other factors associated with the prevalence of three classifications of malnutrition (stunting, wasting and underweight) in children under-5 years in Rwanda. Methods: The study is a cross-sectional study comprising of 713 children under five years old from 557 households, whose anthropometric measurements (height, weight and age) had been obtained as part of the 2008 Rwanda General Health and HIV household survey. Z-scores for height-for-age, weight-for-age, weight-for-height, and body mass index-for-age were analyzed according to the World Health Organization 2006 Child Growth Standards. Random intercept logistic regression models were used to regress each anthropometric measure (WAZ, HAZ and WHZ) against child, maternal and household characteristics. Results: Child participants ranged in age from 0 to 60 months, 20.2% of children were under 12 months and 5.1% were HIV positive. The prevalence of wasting was 8.8%; of stunting was 58.4%; and of underweight status was 20.7%. Maternal emotional and social wellbeing was protective of wasting in children under-5 years of age. Living in districts implementing PBF was protective of wasting (Adjusted Odds Ratio: 0.43; 95% confidence interval: 0.19-0.97). Living in a district with PBF was not found to be associated with either stunting or underweight status among children under-5. Conclusions: PBF may have a protective association with particular forms of malnutrition among children under-5 years in Rwanda. These findings warrant further investigation in relation to the impact of implementing innovative financing schemes on health outcomes.	"CHILD HEALTH",HIV/AIDS,MALNUTRITION,"MATERNAL HEALTH","Performance-based financing",COUNTRIES,GROWTH,HEALTH,"HIGH HIV PREVALENCE",INFANTS,MORTALITY,RISK-FACTORS,UGANDA,UNDERNUTRITION,YOUNG-CHILDREN	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867365953	Impacts of tsetse challenge on herd composition and mortality, lactation and reproductive performance of cattle in Dawuro Zone of Southern Region, Ethiopia	Tigicho T., Belihu K., Terefe G.	2012	Revue de Medecine Veterinaire	163	42591	None	Dawuro Zone Agricultural Department, Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Regional State, Ethiopia; National Livestock Consultant, FAO-Ethiopia-DRRU, Awash Field Office, P.O.Box: 5536, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Department of Pathology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box. 34, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia	Tigicho, T., Dawuro Zone Agricultural Department, Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Regional State, Ethiopia; Belihu, K., National Livestock Consultant, FAO-Ethiopia-DRRU, Awash Field Office, P.O.Box: 5536, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Terefe, G., Department of Pathology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box. 34, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia	The study was conducted in southern Ethiopia to compare herd composition, mortality, milk yield and reproductive performance of cattle in tsetse-challenged and tsetse-free areas. Questionnaire surveys were made with 156 households, and 30 pre-partum cows were selected for a follow-up study on milk yield and occurrence of the first postpartum heat. Accordingly, whereas the herd size was not significantly modified, the proportions of female calves and lactating or dry pregnant cows were significantly higher and those of dry non pregnant cows significantly lowered in the tsetse free areas than in the challenged ones. Cows in the tsetse affected areas exhibited significantly lower average milk yield and lactation length as well as significantly reduced reproductive performance (increases in the age at first calving, in the calving interval and in the number of services for conception). Additionally, the mortality rates for the whole herd and for each production type were dramatically increased in the tsetse challenged areas. It can be concluded that tsetse-challenge and associated trypanosomiasis seriously affect herd composition and performances of cattle in the Dawuro Zone.	Cattle; Herd composition; Milk yield; Mortality; Reproductive performance; Trypanosomiasis; Tsetse challenge	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77955820304	The impact of geographic expansion on intended identity of an organisation	Spittal R.D., Abratt R.	2009	Journal of General Management	35	3	None	Dean, School of Graduate and Continuing Studies, Olivet Nazarene University, Illinois, United States; Huizenga School of Business and Entrepreneurship, Nova Southeastern University, Florida, United States; Wits Business School, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Spittal, R.D., Dean, School of Graduate and Continuing Studies, Olivet Nazarene University, Illinois, United States; Abratt, R., Huizenga School of Business and Entrepreneurship, Nova Southeastern University, Florida, United States, Wits Business School, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	As organisations grow and expand past their operational headquarters, individual branches may reflect a different identity than that of the headquarters. The question then is, 'Is senior management able to transcend geographical boundaries and communicate the identity that has shaped their strategy for the organisation?.' The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of geographical expansion on the reflected perceptions of internal stakeholders related to the organisation's intended identity as defined by the senior management. The authors review the literature on identity in relation to image and reputation in order to seek answers to this question. The paper concludes with four propositions that need to be tested empirically in the future.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893974628	Evaluation of the adaptability and response of indigenous trees to assisted rehabilitation on the degraded hillsides of Kuriftu Lake Catchment (Debre Zeit, Ethiopia)	Gebretsadik W.	2014	Journal of Forestry Research	25	1	10.1007/s11676-013-0398-x	Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center (DZARC), P.O.box-32, Debre zeit, Ethiopia	Gebretsadik, W., Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center (DZARC), P.O.box-32, Debre zeit, Ethiopia	Removal of trees and shrubs from hillsides exposes a site to erosion that threatens soil aggregation and stability. The present study aimed at evaluating the performance of five indigenous tree species in rehabilitation of degraded hillsides of Kuriftu Lake Catchment and the role of water harvesting structures. Adaptability varied by tree species and water harvesting structures significantly augmented seedling establishment for some tree species. Height of Acacia abyssinica planted on steeper slopes (18%-27%) without infiltration pits was lower than for conspecifics planted with infiltration pits. Dodonaea angustifolia was proved to be best adapted to the site and showed no need for water harvesting regardless of planting position across the degraded hillside. Planting of Acacia seyal should be restricted to gentler slopes (0-17%) with infiltration pits: tree height declined significantly on steep slopes without infiltration pits. Olea africana performed better on gentle slopes with pits but also grew well on steeper slopes with pits. Euclea schimperi was proved to be least effective of the species evaluated in this study. © 2014 Northeast Forestry University and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.	Infiltration pits; Kuriftu Lake catchment; water harvesting	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84930338805	Genetic parameter estimation and evaluation of duroc boars for feed efficiency and component traits	MacNeil M.D., Kemp R.A.	2015	Canadian Journal of Animal Science	95	2	10.4141/CJAS-2014-089	Delta G, 145 Ice Cave Rd., Miles City, MT, United States; Animal and Grassland Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; RAK Genetic Consulting Ltd, 54 Coachwood Point W, Lethbridge, AB, Canada	MacNeil, M.D., Delta G, 145 Ice Cave Rd., Miles City, MT, United States, Animal and Grassland Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Kemp, R.A., RAK Genetic Consulting Ltd, 54 Coachwood Point W, Lethbridge, AB, Canada	MacNeil, M. D. and Kemp, R. A. 2015. Genetic parameter estimation and evaluation of Duroc boars for feed efficiency and component traits. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 155-159. The objective of this research was to produce a genetic evaluation for traits related to feed efficiency of Duroc boars. Meeting this objective required partitioning phenotypic (co)variance into additive genetic and environmental components for feed intake and traits indicative of growth and body composition. Boars (N=3291) were housed in group pens of 22 to 24 animals with two electronic feeders per pen and feed intake was recorded for 8 to 14 wk. Body weight was recorded for each boar at the start and end of test, at approximately 100 kg and at up to three times during the test. The pedigree used contained sire and dam of each boar with at least one recorded phenotype (N=4651) and their maternal and paternal grandsires. Variance components were estimated by restricted maximum likelihood for animal models in a series of uni-variate and bi-variate analyses. Two multiple trait genetic evaluations were conducted to predict estimated breeding value for feed intake using animal models. The first evaluation included feed intake (h2=0.33±0.05), age at 100 kg (h2=0.31±0.04), and subcutaneous fat depth (h2=0.47±0.05). The second genetic evaluation included feed intake, average daily gain (h2=0.27±0.04), mid-test weight (h2=0.33±0.05), and subcutaneous fat depth. Genetic correlations of feed intake with age at 100 kg and fat depth were -0.80±0.05 and  0.57±0.08, respectively. Estimated breeding values for measures of feed efficiency (residual feed intake and residual gain) were calculated from the results of the second analysis and the associated additive genetic (co)variance components.	Feed efficiency; Production; Swine; Variance components	None	None
WoS	WOS:000204015300006	The impact of Internet usage: A case study of Delta State (Nigeria) tertiary institutions	Ekruyota, G. O.,Oroke, G. U.,Ureigho, R. J.	2006	SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND ESSAYS	1	2	None	Delta State Polytechn	None	The Internet is one of the greatest recent advancement in the world of information technology and has become a useful instrument that has fostered the process of making the world a global village. However, despite the added benefits of the Internet to learning, teaching and research, there is no provision of effective Internet services in most of the tertiary institutions in Delta State. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the Internet for learning, teaching and research in institutions of higher learning in Delta State. Questionnaires were administered to students and staff in four tertiary institutions within the State. The results from the analysis of the responses showed that students and staff use Internet mainly for on-line chatting (24.89%) and e-mail (24.16%). The use of Internet as a source of research materials ranked third (23.21%). This study concludes that research would significantly improve through proper enlightenment, formal training on the use of Internet and provision of effective Internet services in tertiary institutions in Delta State.	E-MAIL,INSTITUTIONS,INTERNET,RESEARCH	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960928987	Impact of information computer technology on primary health care services to rural communities in niger delta region of nigeria	Anie S.O.	2011	Library Philosophy and Practice	2011	MAY	None	Delta State Polytechnic, Ozoro, Delta State, Nigeria	Anie, S.O., Delta State Polytechnic, Ozoro, Delta State, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84860420828	The impact of gender on the use of the digital library at the University of Ibadan	Anie S.O.	2011	Library Philosophy and Practice	2011	JULY	None	Delta State Polytechnic, Ozoro, Delta State, Nigeria	Anie, S.O., Delta State Polytechnic, Ozoro, Delta State, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904088064	Job motivation, job performance and gender relations in the broadcast sector in Nigeria	Ufuophu-Biri E., Iwu C.G.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	16	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n16p191	Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria; Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa	Ufuophu-Biri, E., Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria; Iwu, C.G., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa	Within management scholarship, a common link has been established between motivation and job performance. This is based on the argument that high job motivation will likely lead to high job performance. Also, studies have argued that gender seems to play a significant role in employees' job motivation and job performance in some professions, especially in developing countries. Therefore determining if gender has any association to job motivation and performance in the broadcast sector in Delta State of Nigeria could lead to improvements in the workplace that will help broadcast staff to remain satisfied with their jobs. This was based on previous research that has linked job motivation and job performance to organisational commitment, turnover intentions and absenteeism. Data for this study was collected with the help of a questionnaire, which contained closed-ended, open-ended and Likert scaled questions. The sample of 600 respondents was selected through a multi-stage sampling procedure.The study found no significant correlation between gender and job motivation and job performance respectively.	Delta State; Digital broadcasting tools; Job motivation; Job performance; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33746660810	Demographic impact of HIV/AIDS on the young and elderly populations in South Africa	Udjo E.O.	2006	Journal of Intergenerational Relationships	4	2	10.1300/J194v04n02_03	Demography Unit in the Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS, Health Program, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa	Udjo, E.O., Demography Unit in the Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS, Health Program, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa	Concomitant to demographic transition from high to low fertility and mortality is the structural change from a youthful to an ageing population. The change raises, among others, intergenerational demographic, economic and social issues, some of which have been perceived as problems. The HIV/AIDS epidemic poses additional challenges to policy makers in the provision of personal care and financial support as it may alter intergenerational relationships in the demand for services in transitional populations. The first HIV/AIDS case in South Africa was reported in 1981. Since then, HIV sero-prevalence as measured by women attending antenatal clinics has steadily increased in the country, and currently South Africa is one of the highest HIV prevalent countries in the world and in the African continent with sero-prevalence of 29.5% among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in 2004. In 2002, the Nelson Mandela Funds in collaboration with the Human Sciences Research Council carried out a national HIV prevalence, behavioural risks and mass media household survey. Only a few countries in the world have carried out such a national HIV prevalence survey. As an insight into the magnitude of some of the intergenerational relationships regarding HIV/AIDS, this study attempts to examine the demographic impact of HIV/AIDS on the young and elderly populations in South Africa's four main population groups (Africans, Coloureds, Indians and Whites). The study utilizes various national survey/census data, administrative records and HIV sero-prevalence data. The analysis is based on the cohort component method. The results show that demographic transition in South Africa has resulted in changes in the growth and structural characteristics of the population. Some of the results indicate that some of the changes are in opposite directions among the young and the elderly. AIDS compounds some of the trends. The changes have policy implications for intergenerational demands for services and relationships. © 2006 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.	Demographic impact of HIV/AIDS; HIV prevalence survey; Intergenerational relationships	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80054112742	Evaluation of post-operative sensitivity and secondary caries in posterior composite restorations: A12month study	Agbaje L.O., Shaba O.P., Adegbulugbe I.C.	2010	Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice	13	4	None	Dental Department, Lagos General Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria	Agbaje, L.O., Dental Department, Lagos General Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria; Shaba, O.P., Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria; Adegbulugbe, I.C., Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria	Objective: To evaluate post-operative sensitivity and secondary caries associated with posterior composite restoration. Materials and Methods: The study involved restoration of occlusal andproximo-occlusal caries on premolars and molars of 62 patients seen at the out-patient clinic of the restorative department of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. The restorations were completed with a micro-hybrid light curing resin composite (Unolux BCS, UnoDent, England). Following total etch procedure and use of a type 2 (5th generation/one-bottle) adhesive. The USPHSC or modified Ryge criteria was employed for direct evaluation of the restorations over the 12 month period. Results: Post-operative sensitivity was 3.5% Bravo at baseline and 1.7% Bravo at 12 months. No significant change in result was recorded for post-operative sensitivity at the end of the evaluation period. 100% was recorded for the absence of secondary caries throughout the evaluation period up till the 6th month when a failed restoration scored 1.7% Bravo. At 12 months Alpha scores for secondary caries was 98.3%. Conclusion: Post-operative sensitivity was kept to a minimum and there were no occurrences of secondary caries.	Composite Restoration; Posterior Teeth; Sensitivity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80054102848	Evaluation of the mechanical and physical properties of a posterior resin composite in posterior adult teeth	Agbaje L.O., Shaba O.P., Adegbulugbe I.C.	2010	Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice	13	4	None	Dental Department, Lagos General Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria	Agbaje, L.O., Dental Department, Lagos General Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria; Shaba, O.P., Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria; Adegbulugbe, I.C., Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria	Objective: To evaluate the mechanical and physical properties of a micro-hybrid resin composite used in adult posterior restorations Materials and Methods: A micro-hybrid, light curing resin composite Unolux BCS Composite Restorative, (UnoDent, England) was used to restore 74 carious classes I and II cavities on posterior teeth of 62 adult patients. The restorations were evaluated immediately following placement (Baseline), at 1 week, 3months, 6months and 12months using the United States Public Health Service Criteria/Modified Ryge criteria for direct evaluation. Color matching, marginal stains and adaptation, wear and surface texture were evaluated. Ranging from best to the worst, the ratings were, Alfa, Bravo and Charlie. Results: 58 restorations were available for review at the 12th month evaluation, 15 patients bearing 21.6% of the restorations were lost to recall. Colour match scores were 89.6% Alpha at baseline and 74.1% at 12-month review. Marginal staining were 100% Alpha at baseline and 98.3% Alpha at the end of the evaluation period. Marginal adaptation at baseline was 100% Alpha this value dropped to 94.8% by the 12th month. Anatomical wear scores were 100% Alpha at baseline and scores dropped to 93.1% at the 12-month evaluation. At baseline, Alpha scores for Surface texture were 100%. A drop in Alpha scores to 93.1% at the first week review was maintained till the 12 month. Conclusion: Carefully controlled placement of micro-hybrid resin composite using the total etch and type 2 (one-bottle) adhesive can produce satisfactory posterior restorations on permanent teeth.	Composite adult teeth; Evaluation; Posterior resin; Properties	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84859819106	Measuring the impact of trade finance on country trade flows: A South African perspective	Kohler M., Saville A.	2011	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	14	4	None	Deparment of Economics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa; Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Kohler, M., Deparment of Economics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa; Saville, A., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Trade finance (or short-term credit) plays a crucial role in facilitating international trade yet is particularly vulnerable to financial crises as banks increase the pricing on all trade finance transactions to cover increased funding costs and higher credit risks. Whereas South Africa's financial institutions largely managed to strengthen their capital positions during the global financial crisis, the country's trade flows and access to capital (in particular trade finance and its costs) were hard hit by the crisis. Little is known about the extent of shortages or 'gaps' in trade finance and the impact of this on South Africa's recent trade performance. Whilst our research recognises that access to trade finance is not the main cause of South Africa's trade contraction, our research suggests that all else equal, a one percentage point increase in the interbank lending rate of our trade partner could reduce exports by approximately ten per cent.	Crisis; Exports; Trade finance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953725149	Evaluation of the 137Cs activity-depth profiles by the diffusion-convection model	Ajayi I.R., Raji A.T.	2010	International Journal of Physical Sciences	5	2	None	Deparment of Physics and Electronics, Adekunle Ajasin University Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria; Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, South Africa	Ajayi, I.R., Deparment of Physics and Electronics, Adekunle Ajasin University Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria; Raji, A.T., Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, South Africa	The diffusion-convection model of 137Cs transport has been used to evaluate the activity-depth profiles of soils in southwestern Nigeria in this study. The experimentally determined depth profiles were fitted into the diffusion-convection equation to obtain the diffusion coefficient D and the convective velocity u. Results obtained showed that the range of the diffusion coefficient was 0.72 - 1.02 cm2 per year while that of the convective velocity was from 0.07 to 0.16 cm per year. It was observed that the diffusion coefficient is higher than the convective velocity in all the sampling points. The low convective velocities obtained in all the locations may imply that convective rates of the radionuclide within the soil layers are insignificant compared to the diffusion rates. © 2010 Academic Journals.	137Cs activity; Convective velocity; Diffusion coefficient; Radionuclide; Soil depth	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84920111703	Identifying talented young soccer players: Conditional, anthropometrical and physiological characteristics as predictors of performance	Bidaurrazaga-Letona I., Lekue J.A., Amado M., Santos-Concejero J., Gil S.M.	2015	RICYDE: Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte	11	39	10.5232/ricyde2015.03906	Departamento de Educación Física y Deportiva, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU, Spain; Athletic Club Bilbao, País Vasco, Spain; Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa	Bidaurrazaga-Letona, I., Departamento de Educación Física y Deportiva, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU, Spain; Lekue, J.A., Athletic Club Bilbao, País Vasco, Spain; Amado, M., Athletic Club Bilbao, País Vasco, Spain; Santos-Concejero, J., Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Gil, S.M., Departamento de Educación Física y Deportiva, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU, Spain	The aim of this study was to provide the profile of elite young soccer players. Fifty-five players of the Under-14 category of Athletic Club Bilbao participated in this study. Players were classified into 4 playing positions: forwards (n=30), midfielders (n=15), defenders (n=37) and goalkeepers (n=15). Complete anthropometry, chronological age (CA), age at peak height velocity, 15-m sprint test, agility test, Yo-yo IT level 1 (Yo-yo IR1), counter-movement jump and hand dynamometry were measured. Results were transformed into z-scores and summed up to make two performance composites (SCORE and SCOREHG). One-way analysis of variance and a Bonferroni posthoc test were used to examine the differences between playing positions. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to estimate the contribution of independent variables to performance indicators. Significant differences were observed between playing positions in body mass and height (P<0.05); CA, maturity offset and muscle % (P<0.01); sum of skinfolds, fat %, endomorphy, sprint and agility tests (P<0.001). Stepwise regression analysis revealed that the CA and sum of skinfolds were the most important predictors of performance. Collectively, playing positions were characterised by specific anthropometrical characteristics whereas no significant positional differences were observed in performance. This study provides further insight concerning coaches' practice of selecting young soccer players because of physical advantages. However, other components like technical and tactical skills, cognitive and psychological factors may be important to excel in soccer.	Maturation; Position; Talent identification; Youth soccer	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84931269184	Diversity of honey stores and their impact on pathogenic bacteria of the honeybee, Apis mellifera	Erler S., Denner A., Bobiş O., Forsgren E., Moritz R.F.A.	2014	Ecology and Evolution	4	20	10.1002/ece3.1252	Departamentul de Apicultură şi Sericicultură, Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Institut für Biologie, Molekulare Ökologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 4, Halle, Germany; Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7044, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Erler, S., Departamentul de Apicultură şi Sericicultură, Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Institut für Biologie, Molekulare Ökologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 4, Halle, Germany; Denner, A., Departamentul de Apicultură şi Sericicultură, Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Institut für Biologie, Molekulare Ökologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 4, Halle, Germany; Bobiş, O., Departamentul de Apicultură şi Sericicultură, Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Forsgren, E., Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7044, Uppsala, Sweden; Moritz, R.F.A., Departamentul de Apicultură şi Sericicultură, Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Institut für Biologie, Molekulare Ökologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 4, Halle, Germany, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Honeybee colonies offer an excellent environment for microbial pathogen development. The highest virulent, colony killing, bacterial agents are Paenibacillus larvae causing American foulbrood (AFB), and European foulbrood (EFB) associated bacteria. Besides the innate immune defense, honeybees evolved behavioral defenses to combat infections. Foraging of antimicrobial plant compounds plays a key role for this "social immunity" behavior. Secondary plant metabolites in floral nectar are known for their antimicrobial effects. Yet, these compounds are highly plant specific, and the effects on bee health will depend on the floral origin of the honey produced. As worker bees not only feed themselves, but also the larvae and other colony members, honey is a prime candidate acting as self-medication agent in honeybee colonies to prevent or decrease infections. Here, we test eight AFB and EFB bacterial strains and the growth inhibitory activity of three honey types. Using a high-throughput cell growth assay, we show that all honeys have high growth inhibitory activity and the two monofloral honeys appeared to be strain specific. The specificity of the monofloral honeys and the strong antimicrobial potential of the polyfloral honey suggest that the diversity of honeys in the honey stores of a colony may be highly adaptive for its "social immunity" against the highly diverse suite of pathogens encountered in nature. This ecological diversity may therefore operate similar to the well-known effects of host genetic variance in the arms race between host and parasite. © 2014 The Authors.	Paenibacillus larvae; American foulbrood; Antimicrobial activity; Disease ecology; European foulbrood; Host-parasite interaction; Self-medication	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867061211	A preliminary impact study of a university, school and private sector partnership project: Hope for disadvantaged students through mentorships [N Voorlopige impakstudie van 'n vennootskapsprojek tussen universiteit, skole en die privaat sektor: Hoop vir b	Le Cordeur M.	2012	Tydskrif vir Geesteswetenskappe	52	3	None	Departement Kurrikulumstudie (Afrikaans), Fakulteit Opvoedkunde, Universiteit Stellenbosch, South Africa	Le Cordeur, M., Departement Kurrikulumstudie (Afrikaans), Fakulteit Opvoedkunde, Universiteit Stellenbosch, South Africa	Successful access to higher education for black students in particular remains a challenge to all tertiary institutions in South Africa. This is the opinion of Prof. Russel Botman, Rector of Stellenbosch University (SU). It is therefore of concern that the SU strategic framework document (SU 2010a) states that the increase in our country's student population projected by the National Commission for Higher Education in 1997 (DBO 1997) has not been attained. This is in contrast with the University's vision for the future, which commits itself to an academic institution of excellence and a respected knowledge partner that contributes towards the development of South Africa and welcomes a diversity of people and ideas. But according to a report by the Centre for Higher Education Transformation (CHET) 1 little demographic transformation had occurred in respect of who participates in higher education. This is an indication that black students' chances of gaining access to university have in fact decreased. Despite this authorities continue to insist that the percentage of black students in public higher-education institutions be increased. The Ministry's vision is of a transformed, democratic, non-racial and non-sexist system of higher education that will promote equity of access and fair chances of success to all who are seeking to realise their potential through higher education (DBO 1997). The Vice-Rector of SU (Fourie 2009b:16) expands on this: "Besides the moral-ethical considerations, pressure is also being placed on universities by higher education policy to diversify their student and staff compositions and to remove measures that could exclude certain groupings". Stellenbosch University is thus under pressure to align its diversity profile with the transformation goals set by the government, as proclaimed in the White Paper on Higher Education of 1997. At the same time the University also experiences pressure from the broader community to answer to the call of alleviating poverty in disadvantaged communities (SU 2010a). However, the standard of teaching in previously disadvantaged schools in the surrounding areas is such that very few students qualify to further their studies at university level. The question therefore is what the University can do to draw students that will rise to these challenges. In his response the University announced a strategy referred to by the current vice-chancellor (Botman 2007) as a "pedagogy of hope". This seems to have been inspired by the neo-Marxist Brazilian educationalist Paulo Friere's publication Pedagogy of the oppressed (1970). According to this strategy the University will search for and exploit opportunities that will lead to "the farm owner's daughter and the farm worker's son sitting in the same class" (Botman 2007). This gave rise to initiatives such as the Rachel's Angels Schools Partnership Project, which is based on the principles of community interaction. 2 The project aims to build the capacity of promising students from disadvantaged communities with the aid of a mentorship programme. This will enable them to bridge the gap between school and university successfully. This article presents an overview of the project as well as a report on its impact. The educational theories which underpin the Rachel's Angels project can be considered to be constructivist in nature, founded upon a philosophy that is student centred and based on a view in which knowledge is not absolute, but is actively constructed by the student. The study aims to establish whether the project has achieved the desired outcomes. If employed successfully, SU will give effect to its transformation agenda, which includes increased participation by a diverse corps of students, willingness to react to social and economic needs and growing cooperation between higher education institutions and all sectors of society. The results of the impact study indicate that, despite growing pains, the project has already made a meaningful contribution in building the capacity of disadvantaged students. The implications for the University are to continuously engage in partnerships with previously disadvantaged schools in order to unlock the potential of disadvantaged students. Not only will it reflect positively on the University's diversity profile, but at the same time give meaning to the University's quest for a "pedagogy of hope".	Angels; Community interaction; Empowerment; Entrepreneurial skills; Mentoring; Mentors; Partnership in education; Protégé-mentee; Transformation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879701310	Information technology and the performance of accountants in the Nigerian oil and gas industry	Ogbonna G.N., Ebimobowei A.	2013	Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology	6	2	None	Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Department of Accounting, Faculty of Business Education, Bayelsa State College of Education Okpoama, Brass Island, Yenagoa, Nigeria	Ogbonna, G.N., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Ebimobowei, A., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Business Education, Bayelsa State College of Education Okpoama, Brass Island, Yenagoa, Nigeria	This study investigates the effects of information technology on the performance of duties of Nigerian Accountants in the oil and gas industry. The 2 variables involved in the hypothesis tested are the performance of the duties of Nigerian Accountants which is the dependent variable and information technology which is the independent variable. The performance of the duties of Nigerian Accountants is operationally measured as the level of work performance assigned by primary data provided by 1423 respondents, where 347 accountants do not have any IT knowledge, 542 with minimal knowledge and 534 with sound IT knowledge and Z-test statistical tool was used to test the difference between 2 population means. Each respondent provided a pair of performance level for each group of Nigerian Accountants in oil and gas industry. The result shows that there is significant difference between the performance of duties of the Nigerian Accountants with IT knowledge and those without IT knowledge in the oil and gas industry. That is, those with IT knowledge perform better. It also shows that there is positive relationship between the performance of the duties of the Nigerian Accountants and IT. Based on these findings, the study concludes that IT exerts a great deal of impact on the performance of the duties of Nigerian Accountants and recommends that Nigerian Accountants should intensify their efforts in acquiring IT knowledge and skill, especially by method of on the-job IT training and re-training. The various oil and gas organizations and government where Nigerian Accountants work should as a matter of policy provide them with latest IT facilities that will improve their performance in the Nigerian oil and gas industry. © Maxwell Scientific Organization, 2013.	Accountants; Information technology; Nigeria; Oil and gas	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84856860394	Evaluation of satellite-derived burned area products for the fynbos, a Mediterranean shrubland	De Klerk H.M., Wilson A.M., Steenkamp K.	2012	International Journal of Wildland Fire	21	1	10.1071/WF11002	Department Geography and Environmental Studies, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Western Cape Nature Conservation Board, Scientific Services, P Bag x5014, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, 75 N. Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269-3043, United States; Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Meraka Institute, PO Box 395, Pretoria 0001, South Africa	De Klerk, H.M., Department Geography and Environmental Studies, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa, Western Cape Nature Conservation Board, Scientific Services, P Bag x5014, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa; Wilson, A.M., Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, 75 N. Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269-3043, United States; Steenkamp, K., Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Meraka Institute, PO Box 395, Pretoria 0001, South Africa	Fire is a critical ecological process in the fynbos of the south-western area of South Africa, as it is for all dwarf Mediterranean shrublands. We evaluated the potential of current publicly available MODIS burned area products to contribute to an accurate fire history of the fynbos. To this end, we compared the Meraka Institute's MODIS burned area product, based on the Giglio algorithm (termed the 'WAMIS' product) as well as the standard MODIS MCD45A1 burned area product, based on the Roy algorithm, with comprehensive manager-mapped fire boundary data. We used standard inventory accuracy assessment (number and size of individual burn scars) and confusion matrix techniques. Results showed promise for both burned area products, depending on the intended use. The MCD45A1 had low errors of commission (8.1-19.1%) and high consumer's accuracy (80.9-91.9%), but relatively common errors of omission, making it useful for studies that need to identify burned pixels with a high degree of certainty. However, the WAMIS product generally had low errors of omission (12.2-43.8%) and greater producer's accuracy (56.2-87.6%), making it a useful tool for supplementing manager-mapped fire records, especially for fynbos remnants occurring outside protected areas. © 2012 IAWF.	MODIS; South Africa; Western Cape	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892495426	Hire purchase strategy of physical capital investment and financial performance of construction companies: Illustrating from the Nigerian Stock Exchange	Nwanyanwu L.A.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	4	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n4p449	Department of Accountancy, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria	Nwanyanwu, L.A., Department of Accountancy, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria	The purpose of this paper is to identify the influence of hire purchase strategy of physical capital investment on financial performance of construction companies quoted on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. Data were obtained through questionnaire. Analyses were performed using descriptive statistics and Pearson's product moment coefficient of correlation. Empirical results indicate that there exist a statistically significant negative association between hire purchase strategy of investing in physical capital and financial performance of construction companies. It was concluded that considering the complexities in service delivery, application of hire purchase as a physical capital investment option, may not provide the quantum of capital assets needed to satisfy expectations of customers.	Construction companies; Financial performance; Hire purchase; Nigeria; Nigerian Stock Exchange; Physical capital	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953354473	Comparative evaluation of predictive models in chromium adsorption	Okparanma R.N., Ayotamuno M.J., Akor A.J., Igoni A.H.	2009	Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry	8	7	None	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P. M. B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Okparanma, R.N., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P. M. B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Ayotamuno, M.J., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P. M. B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Akor, A.J., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P. M. B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Igoni, A.H., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P. M. B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	In this study, a comparative evaluation of first- and second-order kinetic models was carried out in order to evolve a better predictive model, as well as determine the limiting phenomenon, in the adsorption of chromium onto powdered activated carbon (PAC) during the tertiary treatment of the flocculation effluent of liquid-phase oil-based drill cuttings (LP-OBDC). The treatment of the LP-OBDC was done by mixing 1g of commercial PAC with 100ml of the flocculation effluent of initial chromium concentration (Co) of 5.01mg/l in a flask using magnetic stirring at 25°C. The residual concentration of chromium in the liquid phase, C (mg/l), was measured after different stirring times of 15, 60, 120, 180 and 1440 minutes. Then, the adsorption q (mg/g) was found for each period. Results show that equilibrium was attained within 60 minutes of contact time and the equilibrium concentration of the chromium (qe) was 3.94mg/g indicating that the PAC was able to adsorb 78.64% of the chromium at initial PAC concentration of 10g/l of effluent. The first-order rate constant, K1 was 9.84 x 10-5min-1 and the second-order rate constant, K2 was 0.3644g/mgmin. Using the first-order kinetics, the value of the equilibrium concentration of the chromium (qe) was deduced as 3.47 mg/g, whereas; the qe deduced with the second-order kinetics was 3.96mg/g. When compared with the value of the qe obtained experimentally (i.e. 3.94mg/g), it shows that experimental data fitted the second-order kinetics relatively better than the first-order kinetics (with R2 = 0.999998), indicating that the second-order kinetic model could be used to predict chromium adsorption in the treatment process. This result also indicates that the limiting phenomenon in the treatment process was more of mechanisms of adsorption than mass transfer resistance.	Activated carbon adsorption; Chromium removal; Kinetic models; Oil-field drill cuttings	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-76649102421	The impact of Social Networking 2.0 on organisations	Van Zyl A.S.	2009	Electronic Library	27	6	10.1108/02640470911004020	Department of Accountancy, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Van Zyl, A.S., Department of Accountancy, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to increase the understanding of what electronic social networking encompasses. It also aims to educate IT, business decision makers, knowledge workers and librarians about the various applications, benefits and risks associated with social networking. Design/methodology/approach - After a literature review of the available resources (academic literature, journal articles, white papers, popular media and books) the benefits and perceived risks associated with electronic social networking on organisations are investigated. Findings - An individual's success in society depends on the shape and size of his/her social network and ability to network and form connections with other social groups. Organisations which can harness this innate human ability to manage knowledge will be able to lower transactions costs and become more profitable. Originality/value - The paper increases the understanding of what electronic social networking encompasses and how it can be utilised for business purposes. The ideas and discussion put forth are equally applicable to libraries and may give them new insights into the provision of social networking applications as part of their services to users. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Communication technologies; Computer applications; Electronic media; Knowledge management; Risk management; Social networks	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84887457184	The usefulness of student evaluations for enhancing the effectiveness of teaching of financial accounting students at a South African University	Van Der Merwe D.C.	2012	Research in Accounting in Emerging Economies	12	PARTA	10.1108/S1479-3563(2012)000012A009	Department of Accounting and Auditing, Faculty of Military Science, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Van Der Merwe, D.C., Department of Accounting and Auditing, Faculty of Military Science, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Purpose - Effectiveness of teaching at universities, in general, has been the focus of many researchers for decades. The public concern about the quality of first year accounting education, in particular, is worth the attention of researchers at tertiary institutions. Student evaluation is the primary tool used by accounting administrators to evaluate teaching effectiveness. This study aims to determine the effect on teaching of perceptions of first year financial accounting students on a specific module and the lecturer characteristics that they consider effective in their learning process. Further aims are to provide useful information to lecturers on teaching methods and lecturer characteristics that could enhance effectiveness of teaching. Methodology - In this study, various aspects on teaching methods and lecturer characteristics are investigated. Student feedback data is collected for a full time lecturer. Surveying methodology using questionnaires is utilised to conduct the study. A pool of questions is created accompanied by a five-point Likert scale. A statistical analysis (descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and regression analysis) is applied to these questionnaires. Findings - From this analysis, the findings reveal that all independent variables (knowledge, personality and attitude in general) have a positive influence on enhancing effectiveness of teaching. The results of the study highlight that course content, knowledge, personality and attitude of a lecturer play an important role in determining effectiveness of teaching in financial accounting. Value - The results of the study would be useful to the accounting lecturers, students, education departments and academic researchers to better understand the needs of accounting students in their learning process. Results of student evaluations not only provide valuable information which could be used for managing the course and study content but it could also be used for individual improvement by the lecturer. For the students, the improvement of teaching effectiveness based on the evaluation process may ultimately enhance knowledge acquisition. Copyright © 2012 by Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Effectiveness of teaching; First year accounting students; South Africa; Teaching evaluations	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70349284768	Determinants of public employees' performance: Evidence from Ethiopian public organizations	Hailesilasie G.	2009	International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management	58	3	10.1108/17410400910938841	Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mekelle University, Tigray, Ethiopia	Hailesilasie, G., Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mekelle University, Tigray, Ethiopia	Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explain the determinants of employees' performance in Ethiopian public organizations, by examining the determinant factors of motivation, ability and role perception in seven different public organizations that reengineered their business processes. Design/methodology/approach: Using primary data collected from 100 respondents, individual performance, an ordered categorical variable, was regressed on motivation, ability, role perception and certain control variables. An ordered logistic regression model was employed in the research. Findings: Results of the STATA routine indicate that, in Ethiopian public organizations, ability has no significant effect on employees' performance. On the other hand, motivation positively determines performance until some stage of experience, beyond which performance declines with experience. Similarly, role perception is found to be strongly positively related to the likelihood of good performance. Research limitations/implications: Further research is required into the dynamic nature of employees' performance. Panel data econometric models might be used to explain the determinants of performance across time. Similarly, future empirical researches in the area in question will be helpful to consider space-time differences in explaining determinants of employees' performance. Originality/value: The paper looks into the determinant factors of Ethiopian public organization employees' performance. Currently, Ethiopian public organizations are undertaking Business Process Re-engineering (BPR) and striving for the system of performance-based pay. This research has policy implications in relation to designing an effective performance-based pay system. On the other hand, the paper contributes to the empirical literature, providing a clearer picture of the determinants of public employees' performance. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Business process re-engineering; Ethiopia; Performance management; Public sector organizations	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80054734895	Determinants of performance: A cross generational analysis of Nigerian banks	Abdulraheem A., Yahaya K.A., Aliu O.A.	2011	European Journal of Social Sciences	24	4	None	Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Business and Social Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	Abdulraheem, A., Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Business and Social Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Yahaya, K.A., Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Business and Social Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Aliu, O.A., Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Business and Social Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	The performance of banks is of importance to investors because it determines both the returns on investment and it is a measure of economic stability and secured investment environment. A number of factors are used in the measurement of bank performance in a typical developing economy. This study uses selected first and second generation banks in Nigeria to examine critical variables that may explain the performance of the banks. In all ten banks were purposively sampled to include each of first and second generation banks. For each generation, aggregate performance was computed as a proxy of the declared profit for 10 years. Aggregate value was also obtained for the dividend declared, amount retained for expansion, new shares sold out to the public, age of banks, customer base and shareholders fund. A multiple regression analysis of the variables adopted to examine the nature of the relationship between declared profit (y) and the variables (X1 -X6), where Y=a+biXi+b2X2+.........+bnXn. A structured questionnaire was also used to capture the perception of shareholders on bank performance in four out of the ten selected banks. The result of the study shows that the performance of a bank was accounted for by the amount of profit paid out as dividend. The profit withheld for expansion and new share sold to the public with the R2 value of 92.9% and double log of 97.7%. From the study bank performance is both a result of dividend paid out (92.9%) profit withheld for expansion (97.7%). Age of banks was show not to be related to the performance of banks. To corroborate this, the study showed that shareholders believe that the proportion of dividend paid to shareholders is a major determinant of performance. The study therefore recommends that Nigerian Banks should redirect their focus to early dividend payment and regular declaration of dividend as one of the tools of attaining better performance.	Bank performance; Determinants; Dividend payment; Shareholders	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84914164019	Board demographic diversity, Firm performance and strategic change a test of moderation	Tarus D.K., Aime F.	2014	Management Research Review	37	12	10.1108/MRR-03-2013-0056	Department of Accounting and Finance, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya; Department of Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States	Tarus, D.K., Department of Accounting and Finance, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya; Aime, F., Department of Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States	Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of boards’ demographic diversity on firms’ strategic change and the interaction effect of firm performance. Design/methodology/approach – This paper used secondary data derived from publicly listed firms in Kenya during 2002-2010 and analyzed the data using fixed effects regression model to test the effect of board demographic and strategic change, while moderated regression analysis was used to test the moderating effect of firm performance. Findings – The results partially supported board demographic diversity–strategic change hypothesis. In particular, results indicate that age diversity produces less strategic change, while functional diversity is associated with greater levels of strategic change. The moderated regression results do not support our general logic that high firm performance enhances board demographic diversity–strategic change relationship. In effect, the results reveal that at high level of firm performance, board demographic diversity produces less strategic change. Originality/value – Despite few studies that have examined board demographic diversity and firm performance, this paper introduces strategic change as an outcome variable. This paper also explores the moderating role of firm performance in board demographic diversity–strategic change relationship, and finally, the study uses Kenyan dataset which in itself is unique because most governance and strategy research uses data from developed countries. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Board demographic diversity; Developing countries; Firm performance; Fixed effects regression model; Kenya; Strategic change	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941078348	The relationship between capital structure and financial performance of firms listed on the nairobi securities exchange	Otieno O.L., Ngwenya S.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	13	1CONT2	None	Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Nairobi, PO Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Finance, Risk Management and Banking, School of Management Sciences, PO Box 392, UNISA, 0003, Preller Street, Muckleneuk Ridge, Pretoria, South Africa	Otieno, O.L., Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Nairobi, PO Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya; Ngwenya, S., Department of Finance, Risk Management and Banking, School of Management Sciences, PO Box 392, UNISA, 0003, Preller Street, Muckleneuk Ridge, Pretoria, South Africa	Until now, researchers are not in consensus, whether it is the capital structure that influences performance or performance that influences capital structure or both. The main objective of this study was to establish the relationship between capital structure and financial performance of firms listed on the NSE by employing a generalised linear model (GLM) as an improvement on ordinary least regression (OLS). The results of the study revealed that efficient and profitable firms employ more debt than comparable firms that are less profitable possibly because profitable firms’ exposure to financial risk is low. There results also indicate that firms that use more debt outperformed those that use less debt. © 2015, Virtus interpress.All rights reserved.	Capital structure; Financial performance; General linear model; NSE; Ordinary least regression	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84944684024	Debt capital, firm performance and change of CEO in firms listed on the Nairobi securities exchange	Otieno O.L., Ngwenya S.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	13	1CONT6	None	Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Nairobi, PO Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Finance, Risk Management and Banking, School of Management Sciences, UNISA, PO Box 392, Preller Street, Muckleneuk Ridge, Pretoria, Kenya	Otieno, O.L., Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Nairobi, PO Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya; Ngwenya, S., Department of Finance, Risk Management and Banking, School of Management Sciences, UNISA, PO Box 392, Preller Street, Muckleneuk Ridge, Pretoria, Kenya	It is generally accepted that boards of directors play a fundamental role in corporate governance and the structure of the board plays a significant role in the functioning of a company (Jensen, 1993). The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between debt capital, firm performance, and change of CEO in firms listed on the NSE. The results of the study revealed that firms in which an individual shareholder has influence or controlling interest are reluctant to replace their CEO even when performance is below average. The results also revealed that the replacement of the CEO is not performance driven, but is debt capital driven. Specifically, the results suggest that medium leverage ratio is associated with change in CEOs on firms listed on the NSE. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Change of CEO; Debt capital; Firm performance; NSE	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84857226394	The impact of working capital management on the profitability of small and medium scale enterprises in Nigeria	Samson A.A., Mary J., Yemisi B.-F., Erekpitan I.O.	2012	Research Journal of Business Management	6	2	10.3923/rjbm.2012.61.69	Department of Accounting Igbinedion, University Okada, College of Management Science, Edo State, Nigeria	Samson, A.A., Department of Accounting Igbinedion, University Okada, College of Management Science, Edo State, Nigeria; Mary, J., Department of Accounting Igbinedion, University Okada, College of Management Science, Edo State, Nigeria; Yemisi, B.-F., Department of Accounting Igbinedion, University Okada, College of Management Science, Edo State, Nigeria; Erekpitan, I.O., Department of Accounting Igbinedion, University Okada, College of Management Science, Edo State, Nigeria	The objective of the research study was to empirically investigate the impact of working capital management on the profitability of a sample of small and medium-sized Nigerian firms. The data for the study were collected from 30 SME's covering the single period of 2009. Data was collected from secondary sources (financial statement) and was analyzed using the multiple regression analysis. The results which are robust to the presence of endogeneity, demonstrate that managers can create value by reducing their firm's number of day's accounts receivable and inventories. Equally, shortening the cash conversion cycle also improves the firm's profitability. © 2012 Academic Journals Inc.	Conversion cycle; Nigerian firms; Profitability; Small and medium scale enterprises; Working capital	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897137420	Does ownership structure affect firm performance? Evidence from Nigerian listed companies	Tsegba I.N., Achua J.K.	2011	Corporate Ownership and Control	9	1 F	None	Department of Accounting, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria	Tsegba, I.N., Department of Accounting, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria; Achua, J.K., Department of Accounting, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria	This paper examines the relationship between ownership structure and firm performance from the perspective of listed Nigerian companies. The sample comprises 73 companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange for which relevant financial data is available for the period 2001 to 2007. The empirical results obtained through ordinary least squares (OLS) analysis provide evidence which suggests that dominant shareholding, ownership concentration, and foreign ownership structures have no significant effect on firm performance. However, insider ownership is inversely related to firm performance. Two major policy implications emerge from the results of this study. First, since ownership structures such as, dominant shareholding, concentrated ownership, and foreign ownership have no significant effect on firm performance, government emphasis on them is misplaced. Second, insider ownership of Nigerian firms is to be monitored closely by shareholders due to the adverse effect of this ownership structure on firm performance.	Corporate governance; Corporate ownership structure; Dominant shareholder; Firm performance; Foreign ownership; Insider ownership; Nigeria; Ownership concentration	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84861404529	Class absenteeism: Reasons for non-attendance and the effect on academic performance	Schmulian A., Coetzee S.	2012	Accounting Research Journal	24	2	10.1108/10309611111163718	Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Schmulian, A., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Coetzee, S., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Purpose Other business education literature, particularly in the field of economics, has developed theories in respect of the reasons for non-attendance of lectures and the positive correlation between class attendance and academic performance. The aim of this paper is to determine the generalizability of these theories to a large accounting class in South Africa. Design/methodology/ approach This paper is a differentiated replication of the study by Paisey and Paisey, who provided initial evidence of the generalizability of these theories to a small accounting class in Scotland, employing a research questionnaire and the analysis of quantitative and qualitative data. Findings The reasons given for the non-attendance of lectures generally correspond with those previously reported. Certain differences that are identified are likely a result of specific country or economic factors. This study found a significant positive correlation between class attendance and academic performance; however, the correlation is low and not very meaningful. Further analysis reveals some difference between language groups suggesting that culture and ethnicity may have an effect on the relationship between class attendance and academic performance. Originality/value This paper raises questions as to the generalizability of prior research on class attendance and academic performance. The findings of this study suggest other factors, including students' economic, cultural and ethnic backgrounds, are likely to affect associations between class attendance and academic performance. © Copyright - 2011 Emerald Group Publishing Limited. All rights reserved.	Absenteeism; Academic performance; Accounting education; Class attendance; South Africa; Students	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874078832	Capital structure, corporate financial performance and shareholders' investment decisions: A survey of selected nigerian companies	Bassey B.E., Inah E.U.	2012	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	54	None	Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B.1115, Calabar, 8037983154, Nigeria	Bassey, B.E., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B.1115, Calabar, 8037983154, Nigeria; Inah, E.U., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B.1115, Calabar, 8037983154, Nigeria	This study examines capital structure, corporate financial performance and shareholders' investment decisions. The greatest issue striving against the management of any firm in Nigeria and the world over is how to minimize cost of capital and maximize shareholders wealth. To achieve this major objective, financial managers of firms need to understand the source of capital to finance the growth of the firm and also the efficient use of the available capital. The study made use of an ex-post facto design and the data collected through the use of questionnaires were analyzed using the ordinary least square (OLS) method. The results therefore revealed that capital structure have a significant relationship with corporate financial performance and shareholders' investment decisions. Based on the findings obtained the study therefore concluded that capital structure ratios significantly influence investment decisions in companies, with most investors preferring to invest in companies with a smaller debt/equity ratio. Finally, it was recommended that retained earnings should be the first source of financing a business venture before considering debt and equity. Where extra fund is needed, the company should preferably go for equity capital as the risk would be shared among the different investors. © EuroJournals, Inc. 2012.	Debt; Debt/equity; Dividend per share; Earnings per share; Equity; Return on asset; Return on equity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908037623	Firms' performance and corporate social disclosures: Cross-sectional evidence of Nigerian firms	Moses O., Jatau U.V., Ande J.O.M., Okwoli A.A.	2014	International Journal of Management Practice	7	4	10.1504/IJMP.2014.065231	Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria	Moses, O., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria; Jatau, U.V., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria; Ande, J.O.M., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria; Okwoli, A.A., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria	This study examines the relationship that exists between Firms' Financial Performance (FFP) and Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosures (CSRD) on one hand and the extent to which firms in Nigeria are involved in transparent corporate social responsibility disclosures on the other hand. A modified 25-theme Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) disclosure index and firms' Earnings Per Share (EPS) along with the Companies Annual Turnover (CAT) was used to determine the impact CSRD has on FFP. The finding of the study shows that firms in Nigeria have a positive insignificant relationship between CSRD and CAT and their EPS. The extent of CSRD by quoted companies in Nigeria was found to be at a 53% threshold; which falls below the 75% global benchmark for excellent disclosure. The study recommends among others the use of legislations to elicit detailed disclosures and the need for separate tracking of social responsibility costs in annual accounts of companies. Copyright © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Corporate social responsibility disclosures; Disclosure index; Firm financial performance; Transparent reporting	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864076490	Impact of petroleum revenue and the economy of Nigeria	Ogbonna G.N., Ebimobowei A.	2012	Social Sciences (Pakistan)	7	3	10.3923/sscience.2012.405.411	Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Department of Accounting, Faculty of Business Education, Bayelsa State College of Education, Okpoama, Brass Island, Yenagoa, Nigeria	Ogbonna, G.N., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Ebimobowei, A., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Business Education, Bayelsa State College of Education, Okpoama, Brass Island, Yenagoa, Nigeria	This study investigates the impact of petroleum revenue and the economy of Nigeria for the period 1970-2009. To achieve this objective, primary and secondary data were used. The primary data was generated from a well structured questionnaires administered to 150 oil and gas and non oil and gas workers in Rivers and Bayelsa states, respectively. The secondary data was culled from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin 1970-2009. The data collected were analysed using Pearson product correlation coefficient, Ordinary Least Square Regression and descriptive statistics. The results of the analysis suggests that petroleum revenue affects the gross domestic product and per capital income of Nigeria positively. However, the relationship between petroleum revenue and inflation rate was negative. Therefore, the research conclude that the revenue generated from petroleum exploration in Nigeria contributes to the gross domestic product and per capita income, hence proper management and utilization to achieve long run growth and development of the country. Useful recommendations were provided to improve the revenue generation effort and usage of the oil wealth in Nigeria. © Medwell Journals, 2012.	Economy; GDP; Inflation; Nigeria; Per capita income; Petroleum; Revenue	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84923300411	Impact of fuel price increaseon the Nigerian economy	Ocheni S.I.	2015	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	6	1S1	10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n1s1p560	Department Of Accounting, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria	Ocheni, S.I., Department Of Accounting, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria	Everybody appreciates the fact that when motorists pay more for fuel, the transport fare increases. This has been the case even when the increase is only marginal. In the particular case where the cost of fuel is expected to double, the increase in transport fare will be astronomical. This will in turn affect everything else – school fees, house rent, just name it. Therefore, this study took a critical look at the impact of Fuel price increase on the Nigerian economy(Whether negative or positive).The study adopted a survey research design approach to evaluate the level of effect the fuel price increase has on the Nigeria economy. The population of the study is made up of Civil Servants -CS, market men and women-MMW and staff in the private sectors- SPS concerned with petrol and gas affairs. A sample size of 120 persons was selected at random. It was distributed as follows: Civil Servants (18), market men and women (55) and staff in the private sectors (47). A pre test was conducted and outcome yield “r”= 0.92 indicating a high degree of consistency and reliability. The instrument was 8- term survey questionnaire with a - 5 Likert scale response options of Very Relevant (VR), Relevant (R), No Effect (NE) Irrelevant (I), and Very Irrelevant (VI). The questionnaire was structured in line with the research objectives, questions and hypothesis of the study. The Pearson product moment correlation coefficient was used to confirm formulated hypotheses. Finding revealed that there is a significant relationship between the recent increases in fuel prices and economic growth in Nigeria. It was also discovered that the Nigeria economy is not developing because of the effect of fuel price hike on purchasing power and finally the finding showed that there is significant relationship between increase in pump price of petroleum and food security. The paper therefore recommended that Government should retain fuel subsidy while expediting the construction of the three proposed refineries; Fuel subsidy should be removed as soon as these new refineries are commissioned; the proposed rehabilitation of the existing refineries should be expedited; Government should vigorously pursue the revitalization of the railways. If only Nigerians had alternative to road transport, all this noise about fuel subsidy removal would not have been there and Private companies should be encouraged to start building refineries now with the assurance that subsidy would be removed before they start production. © 2015, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Economy; Fuel scarcity; Fuel subsidy; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939551486	Governing boards and perceived performance of secondary schools: Preliminary evidence from a developing country	Nkundabanyanga S.K., Tauringana V., Muhwezi M.	2015	International Journal of Public Sector Management	28	3	10.1108/IJPSM-10-2014-0135	Department of Accounting, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Accounting, Finance and Economics, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom; Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda	Nkundabanyanga, S.K., Department of Accounting, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda; Tauringana, V., Department of Accounting, Finance and Economics, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom; Muhwezi, M., Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda	Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report the results of a study carried out to determine the effect of governing boards on the performance of Ugandan secondary schools. Specifically, the study investigated whether governing boards (board role performance, finance committee role performance, board size, frequency of board meetings and board finance expertise) have an effect on the perceived performance of the schools. Design/methodology/approach – This study is cross-sectional and correlational. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey of 271 schools out of which 200 responded. The data were analysed through ordinary least squares regression using Statistical Package for Social Scientists. Findings – The results suggest that board role performance, finance committee role performance, frequency of meetings and finance expertise of governing boards have a significant effect on the schools’ performance. Research limitations/implications – The authors measure some of the variables qualitatively and perceptively contrary to, for instance, the commonly used quantitative measures of performance, but process factors which are inherently qualitative in nature can better explain variances in secondary schools’ performance. Thus, in this study, the authors do not claim highly refined measurement concepts. More research is therefore needed to better refine qualitative concepts used in this study. The results too suggest that board and finance committee role performance and finance expertise of the board are more important for performance of a school than board size, and frequency of meetings which academics have been focusing on. These findings call for more research to validate the posited relationships. Practical implications – The results are important for governing board policy development; for example, in terms of prescribing the qualifications for schools’ governing board members and also finance committee board members. Originality/value – This study shows that one way to capture the influence of all governing boards’ roles including service role is to adopt a perception-based approach which asks respondents to what extent they think governing boards fulfil all their roles. Unlike previous studies which used proxies for board role performance such as proportion of non-executive directors and board size for monitoring and control and resource provision, the study incorporates proxies as well as perception-based measures of board role performance to determine if governing boards have a significant influence on the performance of Uganda secondary schools. © 2015, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Boards; Education; Performance; Public sector; Secondary schools; Uganda	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84926313018	Intellectual capital in ugandan service firms as mediator of board governance and firm performance	Nkundabanyanga S.K., Ntayi J.M., Ahiauzu A., Sejjaaka S.K.	2014	African Journal of Economic and Management Studies	5	3	10.1108/AJEMS-06-2012-0041	Department of Accounting, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda; Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda; Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Makerere University Business School, Kampala,	Nkundabanyanga, S.K., Department of Accounting, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda; Ntayi, J.M., Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda; Ahiauzu, A., Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Sejjaaka, S.K., Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda	Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating effect of intellectual capital on the relationship between board governance and perceived firm financial performance. Design/methodology/approach - This study was cross-sectional. Analyses were by SPSS and Analysis of Moment Structure on a sample of 128 firms. Findings - The mediated model provides support for the hypothesis that intellectual capital mediates the relationship between board governance and perceived firm performance. while the direct relationship between board governance and firm financial performance without the mediation effect of intellectual capital was found to be significant, this relationship becomes insignificant when mediation of intellectual capital is allowed. Thus, the entire effect does not only go through the main hypothesised predictor variable (board governance) but majorly also, through intellectual capital. Accordingly, the connection between board governance and firm financial performance is very much weakened by the presence of intellectual capital in the model - confirming that the presence of intellectual capital significantly acts as a conduit in the association between board governance and firm financial performance. Overall, 36 per cent of the variance in perceived firm performance is explained. the error variance being 64 per cent of perceived firm performance itself. Research limitations/implications - The authors surveyed directors or managers of firms and although the influence of common methods variance was minimal, the non-existence of common methods bias could not be guaranteed. Although the constructs have been defined as precisely as possible by drawing upon relevant literature and theory, the measurements used may not perfectly represent all the dimensions. For example board governance concept (used here as a behavioural concept) is very much in its infancy just as intellectual capital is. Similarly the authors have employed perceived firm financial performance as proxy for firm financial performance. The implication is that the constructs used/developed can realistically only be proxies for an underlying latent phenomenon that itself is not fully measureable. Practical implications - In considering the behavioural constructs of the board, a new integrative framework for board effectiveness is much needed as a starting point, followed by examining intellectual capital in firms whose mediating effect should formally be accounted for in the board governance - financial performance equation. Originality/value - Results add to the conceptual improvement in board governance studies and lend considerable support for the behavioural perspective in the study of boards and their firm performance improvement potential. Using qualitative factors for intellectual capital to predict the perceived firm financial performance, this study offers a unique dimension in understanding the causes of poor financial © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78651457165	Competitive advantage: Mediator of intellectual capital and performance	Kamukama N., Ahiauzu A., Ntayi J.M.	2011	Journal of Intellectual Capital	12	1	10.1108/14691931111097953	Department of Accounting, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda; Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Faculty of Computing and Management Science, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda	Kamukama, N., Department of Accounting, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda; Ahiauzu, A., Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Ntayi, J.M., Faculty of Computing and Management Science, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda	Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating effect of competitive advantage in the relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance in Uganda's microfinance institutions. The major aim is to establish the role of competitive advantage in the relationship between intellectual capital and firm performance. Design/methodology/approach: The paper adopts MedGraph program (Excel version), Sobel tests and the Kenny and Boran approach to test for mediation effects. Findings: Competitive advantage is a significant mediator in the association between intellectual capital and financial performance and boosts the relationship between the two by 22.4 percent in Ugandan microfinance institutions. Further findings confirmed a partial type of mediation between the intellectual capital, competitive advantage and financial performance. Research limitations/implications: Only a single research methodological approach was employed and future research through interviews could be undertaken to triangulate. Furthermore, the findings from the present study are cross-sectional. Future research should be undertaken to examine the mediation effects studied in this paper across time. Practical implications: In order to have a meaningful interpretation of the results of the relationships between study variables, it is always vital to assess the role of the third variable (competitive advantage) in the relationship. This enables practitioners and scholars to comprehend and make legitimate decisions and conclusions that can foster business growth. Originality/value: This is the first study that focuses on testing the mediating effect of competitive advantage on the relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance in Ugandan microfinance institutions. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Competitive advantage; Financial institutions; Financial performance; Intellectual capital; Uganda	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78149363778	Intellectual capital and performance: Testing interaction effects	Kamukama N., Ahiauzu A., Ntayi J.M.	2010	Journal of Intellectual Capital	11	4	10.1108/14691931011085687	Department of Accounting, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Faculty of Computing and Management Science, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda	Kamukama, N., Department of Accounting, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Ahiauzu, A., Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Ntayi, J.M., Faculty of Computing and Management Science, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda	Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the interaction effect of intellectual capital elements and how they fuse to affect financial performance in microfinance institutions. The major purpose is to explore the appropriate blend or mix of intellectual capital elements that explains the source of value creation - hence performance - in microfinance institutions. Design/methodology/approach: The paper adopts the ModGraph program (Excel version) along with the Kenny and Boran approach to test conditional hypotheses. Findings: The magnitude effect of human capital on performance depends on any of structural or relational capital; hence the assumption of nonadditivity is met. However, no significant interaction effects were established between relational and structural capital. Research limitations/implications: Only a single research methodological approach was employed and future research through interviews could be undertaken to triangulate. Furthermore, the findings from the present study are cross-sectional - future research should be undertaken to examine the multiplicative effects studied in this paper across time Practical implications: In order to boost the wealth of microfinance institutions in Uganda, managers should always endeavor to find a viable intellectual capital mix or blend that can add value to the firm. Originality/value: This is the first study that focuses on testing the interactive effects of intellectual capital elements on financial performance in Ugandan microfinance institutions. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Financial institutions; Financial performance; Intellectual capital; Social interaction; Uganda	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-67549117347	Corporate governance and firm performance: The case of Nigerian listed firms	Kajola S.O.	2008	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	14	None	Department of Accounting, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria	Kajola, S.O., Department of Accounting, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria	This paper seeks to examine the relationship between four corporate governance mechanisms (board size, board composition, chief executive status and audit committee) and two firm performance measures (return on equity, ROE, and profit margin, PM), of a sample of twenty Nigerian listed firms between 2000 and 2006. Using panel methodology and OLS as a method of estimation, the results provide evidence of a positive significant relationship between ROE and board size as well as chief executive status. The implication of this is that the board size should be limited to a sizeable limit and that the posts of the chief executive and the board chair should be occupied by different persons. The results further reveal a positive significant relationship between PM and chief executive status. The study, however, could not provide a significant relationship between the two performance measures and board composition and audit committee. These results are consistent with prior empirical studies. © EuroJournals, Inc. 2008.	Agency cost; Corporate governance; Firm performance; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907286048	Audit committee multiple directorships and financial reporting quality in Nigeria: An evaluation of the interconnectedness using empirical evidence	Emmanuel U., Ayorinde B., Babajide O.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	20	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p628	Department of Accounting, Rhema University, Aba, Abia State, Nigeria; Department of Accounting, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Department of Accounting, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	Emmanuel, U., Department of Accounting, Rhema University, Aba, Abia State, Nigeria; Ayorinde, B., Department of Accounting, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Babajide, O., Department of Accounting, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	The audit committee plays an oversight role in overseeing financial reporting. It is not uncommon to see directors sit on the audit committee of more than three public companies. In Nigeria, because of the small pool of directors available to the market, it is quite common for directors to serve on many boards. Against the backdrop that there are arguments for and against multiple directorships in the light of the quality of financial reports, opinion is split on the matter. The study seeks to examine the interconnectedness between audit committee multiple directorship and financial reporting quality in Nigeria. The study adopted a survey research, using questionnaire as the research instrument to harvest the views of stakeholders of publicly quoted companies on the subject. Data was analysed using percentage analysis, weighted mean, and the Z-test statistics at 5% significance level. It was observed that audit committee multiple directorship impacts the quality of corporate financial reporting. Also, financial literacy of audit committee members enhances the effective overseeing of corporation’s financial controls and the quality of financial reporting. The study therefore supports the need for a high degree of financial literacy on the part of audit committee members to enhance effectiveness. It is recommended that regulatory agencies in Nigeria should also institute legislation similar to the Sarbanes Oxley act of the United States of America in order to curb the menace of earnings management and other unethical financial reporting practices. © MCSER-Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research.	Audit Committee; Earnings management; Financial reporting; Multiple directorships; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78149479778	Special pricing decisions as instrument for improving companies' performance in Nigeria	Iwarere H.T.	2010	International Business Management	4	3	10.3923/ibm.2010.99.104	Department of Accounting, University of Ado-Ekiti, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	Iwarere, H.T., Department of Accounting, University of Ado-Ekiti, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	One of the poor performances of manufacturing firms in Nigeria is attributed to insufficient market demand. This study examines, how special order pricing can be successfully introduced to improve contribution margin. The findings reveal that special pricing decisions are better means of reducing idle capacity and that this technique can be successfully introduced if the country achieve economy stability and favourable operating environment are introduced by the government. © Medwell Journals, 2010.	Advantage; Companies; Insufficient market demand; Manufacturing firms; Nigeria; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-82155162942	Performance measures of maintenance of public facilities in Nigeria	Iwarere H.T., Lawal K.O.	2011	Research Journal of Business Management	5	1	10.3923/rjbm.2011.16.25	Department of Accounting, University of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	Iwarere, H.T., Department of Accounting, University of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Lawal, K.O., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	Public organisations in Nigeria are organisations which are controlled by the government. These organisations generally face different kinds of problems. Some of such problems are associated with poor maintenance of public facilities. This study presents performance measures of maintenance of public facilities in Nigeria. The study identifies financial scandal, improper facilities, poor maintenance culture, poor spare parts, incompetent management, lack of or inadequate training programmes, irregularity in power supply as major problems that hinder the performance measures of maintenance of public facilities. The study concluded that government, management and employees should play their respective roles to ensure effective maintenance of public facilities. It is also concluded that public organisations should adopt four key aspects of the Balanced Scorecard that focus on four separate but related perspectives of organisational performance and management such as financial performance, internal processes, customer satisfaction or customer value and workforce support. © 2011 Academic Journals Inc.	Effective maintenance; Effective utilisation; Employee capability; Standard equipment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84958778895	Factors contributing toward student performance in a distance education accounting degree	Papageorgiou K., Halabi A.K.	2014	Meditari Accountancy Research	22	2	10.1108/MEDAR-08-2013-0032	Department of Accounting, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Federation University Australia, Gipsplad Campus, Churchill, Australia	Papageorgiou, K., Department of Accounting, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Halabi, A.K., Federation University Australia, Gipsplad Campus, Churchill, Australia	Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of five determinates of performance in students (N = 677) who completed three years of financial accounting to obtain a Bachelor of Accounting Science (BCompt) degree by distance education through the University of South Africa. Design/methodology/approach - Regression analysis is used on three yearly measures of performance with five independent variables (age, gender, prior accounting knowledge, mathematics background and academic aptitude). Findings - Results show that mathematics background and academic aptitude are both significantly associated with student performance, throughout the financial accounting subjects. Prior accounting knowledge is also important in the first year of study but not thereafter. Research limitations/implications - Prior research has found that other factors may influence student performance, and future studies which include these variables will add to these findings. Practical implications - The results of this study have important implications for instructors, students and career advisers, particularly as research linking various factors with performance in accounting subjects over the length of a degree is limited. Originality/value - The current study considers the determinants of student performance over three financial accounting years (rather than one year or one subject) and from a distance education perspective. As distance education becomes a more important delivery method of study in the future, these results have important implications. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2049-372X.	Academic aptitude; Accounting; Age; Gender; Mathematics background; Prior accounting knowledge; Student performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84944387190	Impact of evaporative cooling preservation on the shelf life of fruits and vegetable in South Western Nigeria	Ndukwu M.C., Manuwa S.I.	2015	Research in Agricultural Engineering	61	3	10.17221/54/2013-RAE	Department of Agricultural and Bio Resources Engineering, College of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, P.M.B. 7267, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Engineering, School of Eng	Ndukwu, M.C., Department of Agricultural and Bio Resources Engineering, College of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, P.M.B. 7267, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria, Department of Agricultural Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering, Technology Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria; Manuwa, S.I., Department of Agricultural Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering, Technology Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria	Maintaining the freshness of vegetables and fruits even for a short period in a tropical environment is difficult. Fresh fruits and vegetables usually deteriorate faster than other products because they increase in respiration while in storage, due to high moisture content and high tropical heat which lead to a number of physical and physiological changes affecting the viability, quality and marketability of the produce. The use of evaporative cooling system showed improvement in the shelf life of fruits and vegetables stored. The stored vegetables in the cooler showed higher moisture and vitamin C content while the withered control has higher ash, protein, fibre and carbohydrate content. However, the fruits stored in the cooler had lower vitamin C and higher moisture than the control which showed good quality and crispiness while the control deteriorated at the same period. The results suggest that the integration of evaporative cooling system with good sanitation along the marketing channel from the harvest point until the consumption point will help to attain high quality level of freshness for some period.	Cold storage; Environmental friendly; Food quality; Freshness; Refrigeration	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77952153546	Design, fabrication and performance of a motorized cowpea thresher for Nigerian small-scale farmers	Irtwange S.V.	2009	African Journal of Agricultural Research	4	12	None	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria	Irtwange, S.V., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria	Based on the results of measurements of moisture content of grains, cowpea grain and pod sizes, grain-pod ratio, angle of friction of grains and some information from literature, a motorized cowpea thresher using a star-shaped beater to which beater belts were attached was designed and locally built. Five varieties of cowpea, K59, Ife-Brown, IT84E-124, Ife-Bimpe and TVX 715 which are fairly representative of the most popular varieties in Nigeria were selected for the measurement of design parameters. The statistical design used in studying the effect of variety on length, width, thickness, equivalent diameter, sphericity, pod weight and grain-pod ratio with 30 replications, moisture content with 3 replications and angle of friction with 5 replications was complete randomized design (CRD). The moisture content for the grain varieties ranged from 11.06 to 12.02% w.b while the size and shape measurement parameters namely; length, width, thickness, equivalent diameter and sphericity ranged from 8.22 to 10mm, 6.04 to 6.83 mm, 4.36 to 5.38 mm, 6.00 to 7.09 mm and 0.71 to 0.79 respectively for grains. For the pods, the length, width and thickness ranged from 124.78 to 194.93 mm, 7.28 to 9.15 mm and 5.27 to 7.86 mm respectively. The pod weight and grain-pod ratios ranged from 1.96 to 3.39 and 0.75 to 0.86 respectively for all the varieties tested while the angle of friction of grains on mild steel ranged from 23.6° to 26.6°. The results of the study as indicated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) show that there is highly significant effect (P ≤ 0.01) of variety on all the grains and pods measurement parameters except angle of friction where non-significance was observed. Skewness and kurtosis analysis indicates that the frequency distribution curves for grains and pods measurement parameters generally approximated those of the normal distribution. Based on the optimum machine parameters, the machine throughput was determined to be 101.19, 110.86, 74.33, 75.81 and 102.09 kg grains/hour for K59, Ife-Brown, IT84E-124, Ife-Bimpe and TVX 715 respectively. Preliminary performance evaluation tests carried out on the fabricated thresher using IT84E-124 as the test material at recommended beater and fan speeds of 500 rpm and 1400 rpm respectively indicated average threshing efficiency of 96.29%, percentage damage of 3.55% and percentage threshed and undamaged grains of 92.74%. A cleaning efficiency and loss of 95.60 and 3.71% respectively was observed indicating that with the use of a star-shaped beater, drudgery and cost can be reduced to a minimum and yet achieving good quality products. © 2009 Academic Journals.	Cowpea; Design; Fabrication; Performance evaluation; Thresher	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884301790	Fuel consumption evaluation of some commonly used farm tractors for ploughing operations on the sandy-loam soil of Oyo state, Nigeria	Adewoyin A.O.	2013	Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology	6	15	None	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Ibadan, P.O. Box 20749, UI Post Office, Ibadan, Nigeria	Adewoyin, A.O., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Ibadan, P.O. Box 20749, UI Post Office, Ibadan, Nigeria	Farm Tractors acquired in Oyo State-Nigeria are primarily utilized for ploughing operations which represents the most costly single item in the budget of an arable farmer. Tractor fuel consumption constitutes a significant parameter that affects ploughing operations performances. Ploughing operations, using ASABE standard D 497.5 were carried out using Massey Ferguson(MF 435, 100 hp), Fiat(F130D, 100 hp) and Steyr (CVT170, 100 hp) tractors that were purchased in 2009. Field experiments were conducted at 5.5, 6.5 and 7.5 km/h ploughing speeds for ploughing depths of 20, 25 and 30 cm. Mean fuel consumption for Fiat, MF and Steyr models were 23.35, 23.58 and 24.55 l/ha while average of 16.78, 22.02 and 32.67 l/ha of diesel were used to plough 20, 25 and 30 cm depths, respectively. Fuel consumption increased by 31% when ploughing depth increased from 20 to 25 cm and 48% when increased from 25 to 30 cm. Mean fuel consumption at 5.5, 6.5 and 7.5 km/h ploughing speeds were 20.0, 24.25 and 27.23 l/ha, respectively. Fuel consumption varies significantly with ploughing depth and speed (p&lt;0.05, 0.87≤r2≤0.99). Fuel consumption values increases with ploughing dept and speed significantly, the depth of crop roots should determine the appropriate ploughing depth in order to minimize expenses on fuel. © Maxwell Scientific Organization, 2013.	Fuel consumption; Ploughing depth; Ploughing speed; Soil types	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79953238332	Evaluation of plough disc performance on sandy loan soil at different soil moisture levels	Olatunji O.M.	2011	Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry	10	3	None	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Nkpolu, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Olatunji, O.M., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Nkpolu, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	In this research work, dimensional analysis was used to model the relationship between depth of cut, weight of disc plough and draught on a sandy loam soil. Field experiment was carried out on a site with three different moisture content levels at five different plough speeds (0.83, 1.39, 1.94, 2.4 and 2.78m/s). It was observed that the depth of penetration of plough disc increased with an increased draught and soil moisture content. The depth of cut was minimum at 4.9% and maximum at 9.4% moisture content. The result obtained from the validation shows that the model can be used effectively to determine the depth of cut in sandy loam soil at different soil moisture levels. Also the draught-speed relationship obtained from this work can be used to predict the power requirement of the disc plough in other soil types. The draught increase linearly with the depth of cut as predicted from the model. The result of the soil properties after tillage operation showed increased shear strength, bulk density and depth of cut.	Bulk density; Depth of cut; Disc plough; Moisture content; Sandly-loam; Shear strength	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77952968257	Impact of management style on performance indicators of academic staff	Irtwange S.V., Orsaah S.	2009	Educational Research and Reviews	4	12	None	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria; Department of Business Management, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria	Irtwange, S.V., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria; Orsaah, S., Department of Business Management, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria	The objective of this study is to assess the impact of management style on academic staff performance with University of Agriculture, Makurdi as a case study. The management style of the vice chancellor of the University of Agriculture, Makurdi between the periods, September 3, 1996 to September 3, 2001 was determined using the Ohio State University and University of Michigan Models. Based on a population of 269 academic staff, a sample size of 200 was selected using the purposive and random sampling techniques. Research questionnaire, interview and personal observations were employed as instruments for data collection. Analysis of data indicates that the vice chancellor was rated below desirable limits both on the considerate or employee centered management style (Cronbach alpha =0.978) and on the initiating structure or production centered management style (Cronbach alpha = 0.968). This indicates low concern for production and people, which answers to the impoverished management style of the grid model. Chi-square (X 2) test at 5% level of significance showed that there is a relationship between the management style of the vice chancellor of University of Agriculture, Makurdi and academic staff performance. As expected, academic staff of the university were found to have performed poorly on all six performance indicators - qualification, teaching/cognate experience, contribution to university and community, publications, current research and extension and administrative experience. The results of the study further indicate that with good management of men and materials, performance of academic staff in the Nigerian university system will be enhanced if they are appropriately motivated and rewarded. The study recommends that proven ability and capacity to professionally manage men, money and materials to deliver on the core mandates of the various universities in Nigeria should be the most important consideration in appointment of vice chancellors. © 2009 Academic Journals.	Academic staff; Management style; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953331511	Modeling the effect of weight and forward speed on the performance of disc plough	Olatunji O.M., Akor A.J., Ozogu B.A., Burubai W., Davies R.M.	2009	Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry	8	2	None	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Is	Olatunji, O.M., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Akor, A.J., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Ozogu, B.A., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria; Burubai, W., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Davies, R.M., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria	In this paper, the relationship between depth of cut, speed of ploughing as well as the weight of disc plough was modeled and investigated in mechanization. The effect of weight on depth of penetration of the disc plough was determined at three different speeds (1.39, 1.94 and 2.5m/s) at two different sites (A and B). Results generally reveal that depth of cut increase with increase in plough weight. Average depths of 15.45, 19.45 and 18.23cm were recorded at forward speeds of 1.39, 1.94 and 2.5m/s respectively at a corresponding weight range of 450 to 540kg. Furthermore validation of the developed model shows an acceptable agreement between the predicted and measured depth of cut as a function of the pertinent variables. Statistical data reveals 0.381 as the lowest standard error of estimate indicating the predictability of the model.	Disc plough; Modeling; Performance; Weight	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953429309	Effect of weight and draught on the performance of disc plough on sandy loam soil	Olatunji O.M., Burubai W., Davies R.M.	2009	Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry	8	7	None	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Is	Olatunji, O.M., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Burubai, W., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Davies, R.M., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria	In this research work, the relationship between depth of cut, increase in weight of disc plough as well as the draught has been investigated using dimensional analysis on a sandy loam soil. The experiment was conducted on two sites with three different moisture contents level at five different speeds, (0.83m/s, 1.39m/s, 1.94 m/s, 2.5m/s and 2.78m/s). It was observed that the depth of penetration decreased with an increase in draught and decrease in soil moisture content. From the two sites, the depth of cut was minimum at 4.91%, and maximum at 9.42% moisture content. Model validation produced a standard error of 0.681, 0.381 and 0.067 for the site with 4.91% moisture content and 0.173, 0.142 and 0.233 for the site with 9.42 percent moisture content which means that the model is accurate in the prediction of these variables. The lowest standard error was achieved at 1.94m/s speed in both plots. The result obtained from the validation shows that the model can be used effectively to determine the depth of cut in sandy loam soil and also the draught-speed relationship obtained from this work can be used to predict the power requirement of the disc plough in other soil types.	Disc plough; Draught; Loam soil; Sandy; Weight	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84055217785	Performance evaluation of manual cowpea thresher	Maunde F.A.	2011	African Journal of Agricultural Research	6	30	10.5897/AJAR11.940	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 2076, Yola, Adamawa, Nigeria	Maunde, F.A., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 2076, Yola, Adamawa, Nigeria	Manual cowpea thresher was previously designed and constructed. Its performance evaluation is now reported. Performance test was replicated five times and averages of each trial were taken (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250) kg of two cowpea varieties: indigenous brown (Variety A) and IT97K-499- (SAMPEA -10) white (Variety B). Parameters considered were: Threshing efficiency (Te), Seed damage (Sd) and Mechanical efficiency (Me). The results show that Te, Sd and Me were (91, 6 and 44%), respectively. Issues on cowpea threshing and its improvement were discussed. © 2011 Academic Journals.	Cowpea; Manual; Performance; Threshing; Varieties	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-39549104681	Performance evaluation of a biogas stove for cooking in Nigeria	Ltodo I.N., Agyo G.E., Yusuf P.	2007	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	18	4	None	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria; Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria	Ltodo, I.N., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria; Agyo, G.E., Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria; Yusuf, P., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria	A biogas stove was designed, constructed and its performance evaluated using a 3 m 3 continuousflow Indian type biogas plant at the Teaching and Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria. The biogas plant was operated with cattle dung as feedstock in the ratio of 1 part of dung to 2 parts of water at a retention time of 30 days and daily loading rate of 100 kg of slurry. The performance of the stove was evaluated by boiling water, cooking rice and beans and the time taken to perform specific tasks determined from a stop watch. The amount of biogas used in boiling and cooking was determined from the operating pressure of the plant measured from a manometer that was placed between the stove and the plant. The results obtained showed that 0.14 I of water was boiled in 1 minute while 5.13 g of rice and 2.55 g of beans cooked in a minute. The biogas consumption for boiling water, cooking rice and beans was 0.69m 3/min, 2.81m 3/min and 4.87m 3/min respectively. The efficiency of the stove in boiling water, cooking rice and beans was 20%, 56% and 53% respectively.	Biogas stove; Cooking; Nigeria; Performance evaluation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884684641	Effect of insulating materials on performance of a solar heater	Aremu A.K., Akinoso R.	2013	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	8	2	10.3923/jeasci.2013.64.68	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Aremu, A.K., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Akinoso, R., Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Insulator influences performance efficiency of the solar heater. In order to reduce the cost of solar device, it is advisable to use as local insulating material. Some agricultural wastes are abundant and causing environmental nuisance in Nigeria. This research focussed on use of some agricultural waste as insulator in box-type solar device. A box-type solar heater was developed. Dried insulating materials (maize cob, air, maize husk, coconut coir and polyurethane foam) were used to fill the space between the inner and outer boxes in such a way that there was an 80 mm thickness of insulating materials all around between the inner box and the outer box. The space housing the insulating materials was sealed with four pieces of plywood noggins. Heat retention and water abilities of the solar device were tested for period of 3 years. Peak stagnation temperatures for 1st to 3rd year were 159, 140 and 138°C, respectively. These were obtained using coconut coir (1st and 2nd year) and polyurethane foam (3rd year). During the dry season, shortest duration taken to heat 1 and 1.5 L of water was 50 and 65 min, respectively in coconut coir insulated device. Time required to boil 1 L of water in wet season ranged from 120-170 min. Comparatively the orders of performance were coconut coir, polyurethane foam, maize cob, maize husk and air. The evidence from performance evaluation indicates that agricultural by-products like maize husk, maize cob and coconut coir can perform as solar device insulator. © Medwell Journals, 2013.	Agricultural waste; Heating; Insulator; Nigeria; Solar device	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70350173092	Impact assessment of water scarcity at Somntongo in the lowveld region of Swaziland	Mijinyawa Y., Dlamini S.S.	2008	Scientific Research and Essays	3	2	None	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Land Use and Mechanization, University of Swaziland, Luyengo Campus, Swaziland	Mijinyawa, Y., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Dlamini, S.S., Department of Land Use and Mechanization, University of Swaziland, Luyengo Campus, Swaziland	A survey was conducted to assess the impact of water scarcity in Somntongo, in the lowveld region of Swaziland. The study adopted the use of questionnaire, interview schedules and focused group discussions. Information sought included sources of water, distances between water sources and places of residence, and the effect of water scarcity on the various aspects of human activities. The study revealed that only two rivers and five boreholes were the major sources of water while distances of as much as 5 - 20 km were covered in search of water. In about 82% of the homesteads, the water use was about 3.3 litres/head/day and 2.3 litres/livestock/day. These are quite low compared to the minimum standards of 25 litres/head/day, and between 25 and 35 litres/livestock/day. Water scarcity has resulted in the death of livestocks; some cultivated crops have withered while others are not cultivated for lack of irrigation water. In some instances, schools have temporarily been closed due to water shortages. Construction of more boreholes and dams can reduce the water scarcity and promote the standard of living in the community. © 2008 Academic Journals.	Agriculture; Harvesting; Irrigation; Scarcity; Swaziland; Water	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907994204	The impact of irrigation technology on the financial and economic performance of smallholder irrigation in Zimbabwe	Mupaso N., Manzungu E., Mutambara J., Hanyani-Mlambo B.	2014	Irrigation and Drainage	63	4	10.1002/ird.1820	Department of Agricultural Economics and Development, Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe; Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of Zimbabwe, Mt Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe; Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Zimbabwe, Mt Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe	Mupaso, N., Department of Agricultural Economics and Development, Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe; Manzungu, E., Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of Zimbabwe, Mt Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe; Mutambara, J., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Zimbabwe, Mt Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe; Hanyani-Mlambo, B., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Zimbabwe, Mt Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe	The study assessed the impact of irrigation technology on the financial and economic performance of smallholder irrigation in Zimbabwe. The study was conducted in 2011 in the Hamamavhaire and Mhende irrigation schemes in Chirumanzu District (south-central Zimbabwe). A questionnaire survey was administered to 79 respondents drawn from farmers using sprinkler (n=32), flood (n=39) and drip (n=8) systems. Gross margin analysis, in conjunction with cost-benefit analysis, was used to evaluate the financial and economic performance of farmers. Farmers using the sprinkler system obtained the highest total gross margin per hectare (US$2762), followed by the flood system with returns that were 21% lower (US$2191), while the drip system recorded 50% lower returns (US$1387). Economic analysis indicated the superiority of the flood system (NPV=US$36 699; IRR=42% and BCR=4) compared to sprinkler irrigation (NPV=US$27 813; IRR=38%; BCR=2) and the drip system (NPV=US$25 393; IRR=23%; BCR=2). While the flood system was the most desirable from the financial and economic points of view, because of low operational costs, this could be offset by negative environmental impacts. The study concluded that the choice of one particular irrigation technology over another is a fine balance between efficiencies that can be achieved and the development and operational costs. Irrigation technology alone does not determine financial and economic viability. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.	Cost-benefit analysis; Economic performance; Irrigation technology; Sensitivity analysis; Smallholder; Zimbabwe	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84883764127	Performance of supervised enterprise projects (SEPS) conducted by Sasakawa Africa fund for extension education (SAFE) students of Bayero university Kano, Nigeria	Daneji M.I., Akeredolu M., Suleiman A., Suleiman M.S.	2013	Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education	20	2	None	Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria; Sasakawa Africa Fund for Extension Education, Nigeria; Bayero University, Nigeria	Daneji, M.I., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria; Akeredolu, M., Sasakawa Africa Fund for Extension Education, Nigeria; Suleiman, A., Bayero University, Nigeria; Suleiman, M.S., Bayero University, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	Capacity building; Extension staff; Supervised enterprise projects	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34548150699	Evaluation of poultry egg marketing in South-Western Nigeria	Afolabi J.A.	2007	International Journal of Poultry Science	6	5	None	Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	Afolabi, J.A., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	The study evaluated poultry egg marketing in Nigeria. It specifically identified the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, examined the market structure for egg in the study area, determined the profitability of egg marketing and determined the influence of some socio-economic characteristics on the sales revenue of respondents. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 200 egg marketers in the study area and structured questionnaire administered on them. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentages were used to analyze the socio-economic characteristics of respondents while Gross margin analysis was employed to determine the profitability of the egg business in the study area. Gini coefficient was used to examine the market structure while production function was used to determine the influence of some factors on the sales revenue of respondents. The result showed that only 10% of the respondents were single while the remaining 90% were married. A literacy level of 70.50% was obtained among these marketers. Analysis also revealed that 67% of these marketers were retailers while only 10% were producer/sellers. The profitability analysis showed that an average marketer earned · 4222.55 as gross margin per month. The Gini coefficient of 0.87692 obtained in this study indicates a high level of inequality in income among the respondents. The result also revealed that the regressors explained about 67.1% in the variability of the regressand. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2007.	Poultry egg marketing; Profitability of egg business; Socio-economic characteristics	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880689687	Perceived social impacts of disease outbreak among livestock farmers along border villages of South Africa and Namibia	Oladele O.I., Antwi M.A., Kolawole A.E.	2013	Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances	12	2	10.3923/javaa.2013.168.172	Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2735 Mmabatho, South Africa	Oladele, O.I., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2735 Mmabatho, South Africa; Antwi, M.A., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2735 Mmabatho, South Africa; Kolawole, A.E., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2735 Mmabatho, South Africa	This study examines the perceived social impacts of disease outbreak among livestock farmers along border villages of South Africa and Namibia. This was due to the high volume of trans-boundary activities particularly with respect to animals. The Northern Cape shares boundary with Namibia. The population of study is all livestock producers in border villages along Northern Cape provinces, a mix of purposive and random sampling were used to select 140 respondents for the study. Data were collected through the use of questionnaires, on farmers personal and farm characteristics and farmers perceived social impacts of disease outbreak. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze farmers personal and farm characteristics. Regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between livestock farmers' perceived social impacts of disease outbreak and other study variables. The results show that 32% of the livestock farmers fall within the age 61 years and above 83.6% of the farmers are male, 56.4% of the farmers are married; most of the farmers are literate, 67.9% of the respondents have less than five dependents, 97.9% of the farmers have livestock based farming system, 70% reported that they have no contact with extension agent, 89.3% have access to market. Significant determinant of perceived social impacts of disease outbreak are marital status (t = 3.753), farm size (t = -1.82), farming experience (t = -1.836). ©Medwell Journals, 2013.	Disease outbreak; Farm; Livestock farmers; Perception; Social impacts	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84883822987	The effects of human resource management and socio demographic characteristics on performance of extension agents in Kwara state of Nigeria	Annor-Frempong F.	2013	Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education	20	2	None	Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, School of Agriculture, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana	Annor-Frempong, F., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, School of Agriculture, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana	[No abstract available]	Capacity building and socio-economic characteristics; Extension personnel; Human resource management; Job performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84929991535	Simulating the Impact of Exogenous Food Price Shock on Agriculture and the Poor in Nigeria: Results from a Computable General Equilibrium Model	Nkang N.M., Omonona B.T., Yusuf S.A., Oni O.A.	2013	Economic Analysis and Policy	43	1	10.1016/S0313-5926(13)50005-1	Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Nkang, N.M., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria; Omonona, B.T., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Yusuf, S.A., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Oni, O.A., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Motivated by the recent global economic crisis, this paper simulated the impact of a rise in the price of imported food on agriculture and household poverty in Nigeria using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model and the Foster, Greer and Thorbecke (FGT) class of decomposable poverty measures on the 2006 social accounting matrix (SAM) of Nigeria and the updated 2004 Nigeria Living Standards Survey (NLSS) data. Results show that a rise in import price of food increased domestic output of food, but reduced the domestic supply of other agricultural commodities as well as food and other agricultural composites. Furthermore, a rise in the import price of food increased poverty nationally and among all household groups, with rural-north households being the least affected by the shock, while their rural-south counterparts were the most affected. A major policy implication drawn from this paper is that high import prices in import competing sectors like agriculture tend to favour the sector but exacerbate poverty in households. Thus, efforts geared at addressing the impact of this shock should strive to balance welfare and efficiency issues. © 2013 Economic Society of Australia (Queensland) Inc.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-82655173307	Performance of smallholder agriculture under limited mechanization and the fast track land reform program in Zimbabwe	Obi A., Chisango F.F.	2011	International Food and Agribusiness Management Review	14	4	None	Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, Eastern Cape, 5700, South Africa	Obi, A., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, Eastern Cape, 5700, South Africa; Chisango, F.F., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, Eastern Cape, 5700, South Africa	The Zimbabwean government has long been committed to expansion of agricultural production through mechanization and pursued this goal under the unpopular fast track land reform program (FTLRP). The acquisition and use of tractors by arable crop farmers in communal and resettlement state land were encouraged. This research examines the performance of the program in the Bindura District. Ninety farmers were interviewed using a multistage sampling technique of structured questionnaires to collect data on demographic background, investment levels and production in terms of costs and returns. The Stochastic Frontier Model revealed the significant impact of the program on participating farmers, highlighting the significance of land and other productive factors. While overall production and productivity remain low, triggering a hyperinflationary situation due to supply constraints, practical implications for agribusinesses are foreseen. © 2011 International Food and Agribusiness Management Association (IFAMA).	Agribusiness management; Agricultural development; Agricultural mechanization; Fast track land reform; Stochastic frontier model; Technical efficiency	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-68949113614	Improved rice variety adoption and its welfare impact on rural farming households in akwa ibom state of Nigeria	Joshua Udoh E., Titus Omonona B.	2008	Journal of New Seeds	9	2	10.1080/15228860802087305	Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Joshua Udoh, E., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria; Titus Omonona, B., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	In this study cross-sectional data from 200 rice farmers were used to examine the various factors that influence the adoption of improved rice varieties distributed by the State Agricultural Development Programme (AKADEP) and its welfare impact on the farmers. The Foster, Greer and Thorbecke (FGT) class of measures was used to determine the incidence, the depth and severity of poverty among rice farming households who are adopters and non-adopters of improved rice varieties. The incidence, depth, and severity of poverty were higher among households who were non-adopters of improved rice varieties. The Tobit regression model was used to determine the factors that affect adoption and poverty. Educational attainment, access to extension agents, access to credit, access to augmented inputs, farm size, and crop yield were significant determinants of adoption of improved rice varieties. The results of the determinants of household poverty revealed that age, educational attainment, extent of commercialization and probability of adoption negatively influenced household poverty, whereas household size exerted a positive impact on the household poverty levels. The negative impact of adoption of improved rice varieties on household poverty implicitly showed improvement in households'; welfare that had adopted improved rice varieties. These results generally suggest the relevance of adoption of improved rice varieties in improving the welfare of rice farming households. It also suggests relevance of human capital indices like education and extension services as drivers of poverty alleviation and dissemination of new innovations to farming households.	Adoption; Improved rice varieties; Nigeria; Rural farming household; Welfare	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80051567838	The farm decision role of price information from commodity exchanges: An ex-ante evaluation using quasi-rational price expectations in Ethiopia	Getnet K., Verbeke W., D'Haese M., Viaene J., D'Haese L.	2011	African Journal of Agricultural Research	6	15	None	Department of Agricultural Economics, Ambo University College, Ambo, Ethiopia; Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium	Getnet, K., Department of Agricultural Economics, Ambo University College, Ambo, Ethiopia; Verbeke, W., Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; D'Haese, M., Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Viaene, J., Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; D'Haese, L., Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium	Farmers use different information to predict future returns upon which they base current decisions. In designing information systems, knowledge about the information set used by farmers is relevant to have insight into the necessary information that should be made available for farmers. Using quasirational forecasting regression analysis to represent producer price expectation formation, the usefulness of disseminating real time information about the central wholesale prices discovered by the Ethiopian commodity exchange was tested. The results showed that the information about central wholesale prices can help farmers to make unbiased price forecasts. Effective dissemination of real time price information discovered through the Ethiopian commodity exchange was fully supported by the empirical insights from this study. © 2011 Academic Journals.	Ethiopia; Market information; Prices; Quasi-rational expectation; Smallholders	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874908954	Effect of supervisors' specialization on job performance of agriculture science teachers in Botswana Junior Secondary Schools	Molefhe L., Oladele O.I.	2012	Life Science Journal	9	3	None	Department of Agricultural Economics, Education and Extension, Botswana College of Agriculture, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana; Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa	Molefhe, L., Department of Agricultural Economics, Education and Extension, Botswana College of Agriculture, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana; Oladele, O.I., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa	This paper examines the effect of supervisors' specialization on job performance of agriculture science teachers in Junior Secondary Schools. A simple random technique was used to select 49 agricultural science teachers and 13 supervisors. The teachers were divided into those whose supervisors specialize in agriculture science (ATAS) and those with supervisors do not (ATNAS). Data collected with a structured questionnaire that was face validity and has reliability coefficient of 0.92 were analyzed. The results shows that majority of ATAS and ATNAS indicated that a higher proportion of the supervisors who have the same subject specialization perform their supervisory roles than supervisors who do not specialize in the same subjects. Significant differences exist in the perceived effect of supervision (F = 27.93, p < 0.05) and between ATAS and ATNAS, on Supervisors' specialization (t = 14.97, p < 0.05), and job performance (t = -3.00, p < 0.05).	Agriculture science; Botswana; Subject specialization; Supervision; Teachers	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879304642	The impact of micro financing on poverty levels of rural women farm households in Abia State, Nigeria; implication for policy intervention	Ezeh C.I., Anyiro C.O.	2013	Journal of Central European Agriculture	14	2	10.5513/JCEA01/14.2.1245	Department of Agricultural Economics, Extension Abia State University, Umuahia Campus, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria	Ezeh, C.I., Department of Agricultural Economics, Extension Abia State University, Umuahia Campus, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria; Anyiro, C.O., Department of Agricultural Economics, Extension Abia State University, Umuahia Campus, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria	This study determined the impact of micro-finance on poverty level of rural women farm households in Abia State, Nigeria: Implication for policy intervention. A multistage random sampling technique was used to select the local government areas, communities and respondents in the three (Aba, Ohafia and Umuahia) agricultural zones of the State. The sample size was 240 (120 a piece for rural women farmer borrowers and non borrowers). Instrument of data collection was a set of structured and pre-tested questionnaire administered on both groups of rural women farmers. The result indicated that incidence of poverty or head count ratio was 0.558 for the rural women farmers borrowers and 0.933 for the rural women farmer non borrowers; poverty gap otherwise known as income short fall was 0.4547 for the rural women farmer borrowers and 0.6995 for the rural women farmer non borrowers. The result of the paired t-test showed that micro-finance impacted significantly on annual farm income, farm size and fertilizer use level of rural women farmer borrowers at given levels of significance. It was however, recommended that increased subsidy policy on agro-inputs and increased funding by the micro-finance will significantly aim at reducing the poverty levels of these women.	Impact; Micro-financing; Poverty levels; Rural women farm households	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77955778908	The impact of the water rights system on smallholder irrigators' willingness to pay for water in Limpopo province, South Africa	Speelman S., Farolfi S., Frija A., D'Haese M., D'Haese L.	2010	Environment and Development Economics	15	4	10.1017/S1355770X10000161	Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium; CIRAD, UMR G Eau, Centre for Environmental Economics and Policy in Africa (CEEPA), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Department of Applied Biological Sciences, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium	Speelman, S., Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium; Farolfi, S., CIRAD, UMR G Eau, Centre for Environmental Economics and Policy in Africa (CEEPA), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Frija, A., Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium; D'Haese, M., Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium; D'Haese, L., Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium	Water rights are currently receiving increased attention from scholars and policymakers due to the growing understanding that ill-defined water rights impair efficient use. In South Africa, smallholder irrigation faces problems of low water use efficiency and cost recovery of government investments. This study uses contingent ranking to analyse the willingness to pay (WTP) of smallholder irrigators for changes in the water rights system. The results indicate that smallholders are prepared to pay considerably higher water prices if these are connected to improvements in the water rights system. By segmenting the population it was also shown that the importance attached to water rights dimensions varies in each segment. While lower institutional trust and lower income levels lead to a lower WTP for transferability, experiencing water shortage increases this WTP. Such information is valuable in guiding policy makers in the future design of water rights. © 2010 Cambridge University Press.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84862224502	Impact of Migrant Remittances on the Welfare of Arable Crop Farm Households in South Eastern Nigeria	Nwaru J.C., Iheke O.R., Onyenweaku C.E.	2011	Human Ecology Review	18	2	None	Department of Agricultural Economics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria	Nwaru, J.C., Department of Agricultural Economics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria; Iheke, O.R., Department of Agricultural Economics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria; Onyenweaku, C.E., Department of Agricultural Economics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria	This study attempted to examine the impact of migrant remittances on the welfare of arable crop farm households. Primary data were collected from a random sample of 120 respondents comprising 60 each of migrants' remittance receiving and non-remittance receiving households through the cost route method. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution, regression analysis and Chow's test statistic. Results of the analyses show that sex of household head, household size, household age composition, income and sector of employment were the significant factors influencing the welfare of the remittance receiving households while sex, years of education, composition of household work force and sector of employment were the significant factors influencing the welfare of the non-remittance receiving households. The Chow's test revealed that the remittance receiving households have higher welfare status than their non remittance receiving counterparts. Therefore, policies for enhancing migrant remittances and their optimum channeling and use were recommended. © Society for Human Ecology.	Farm Households; Migrant Remittances; Welfare	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908210702	Patterns and Impact of Public Expenditure on Agriculture: Empirical Evidence from Benue State, Nigeria	Ani D.P., Biam C.K., Kantiok M.	2014	Journal of Agricultural and Food Information	15	4	10.1080/10496505.2014.958933	Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria	Ani, D.P., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria; Biam, C.K., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria; Kantiok, M., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria	This study assessed the budgetary allocation to agriculture in Benue State. Secondary data were collected for 10 years from Annual Reports of the Accountant General, Central Bank of Nigeria statistical publications, and Benue State Agricultural and Rural Development Authority (BNARDA). Descriptive statistics and regression were used to analyze the data. The result revealed that the Nigerian Government allocates only 8% of its annual budget to the agricultural sector, with the crop subsector being the most preferred (77.34%). The result of the regression analysis indicated a negative and nonsignificant (−3.3610) contribution to agricultural production. The Government should not only raise the fund allocation to the agricultural sector but devise adequate monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to ensure increased productivity. © 2014, Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953355255	Climatic variability and its impacts on agricultural income and households' welfare in Southern and Northern Nigeria	Oyekale A.S.	2009	Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry	8	1	None	Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Oyekale, A.S., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	This study assessed variability in some weather variables and its impacts on agricultural incomes in northern and southern Nigeria. To achieve these, we combined time series weather variables obtained from some meteorological stations in Nigeria with household cross-sectional data collected by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). The descriptive and regression methods were used to analyze the data. The results show high variability in some weather with rainfall exhibiting the highest variability between 1971 and 2003. Impacts of climatic changes on agricultural income and welfare were modeled with climaterelated variables like variability indices of annual for 1971-2003, actual annual rainfall data in 2003, time for gathering fuel wood, time for fetching water and season of interview. It was found that agricultural income and welfare in northern part of Nigeria will be more negatively affected by climatic changes than southern part. The study recommended development of alternative energy sources, promotion of irrigate agriculture and skill development for combating adverse climatic changes, among others.	Agricultural; Climatic variability; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84887524739	Evaluation of the hydropower potential of Otamiri river for electric power generation	Okorafor O.O., Okereke N.A.A., Egwuonwu C.C.	2013	Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology	6	24	None	Department of Agricultural Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, P.M.B 1526, Imo State, Owerri, Nigeria	Okorafor, O.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, P.M.B 1526, Imo State, Owerri, Nigeria; Okereke, N.A.A., Department of Agricultural Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, P.M.B 1526, Imo State, Owerri, Nigeria; Egwuonwu, C.C., Department of Agricultural Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, P.M.B 1526, Imo State, Owerri, Nigeria	This research presents the estimation of the hydropower potential of River Otamiri through the hydrological analysis of the elements of climate as it affects its catchment area (section passing through the Federal University of Technology Owerri). The study involves the estimation of maximum design floods for the watershed using the Gumbels Probability Distribution Method for various return periods (Tr) with the development of unit hydrograph, storm hydrograph, runoffhydrograph and flood duration curve for the catchment area of the river. In addition watershed parameters like peak flow (Qp), lag time (Tl), time of concentration (Tc) and rainfall intensity (Ic) were determined using the soil conservation service method and other empirical formulas. In order to determine the available flow for power generation, the stage/head of the river was estimated from records provided by the River Basin Development Authority (R.B.D.A) and flow duration analyses were carried out. The analysis revealed that for time flows of 50, 75 and 100% the following energy values were obtained 34.5 MW, 11.3 MW and 1.5 MW, respectively. © Maxwell Scientific Organization, 2013.	Hydropower; Hydropower potential; River Otamiri	None	None
None	None	Impact of agricultural technology adoption on asset ownership: the case of improved cassava varieties in Nigeria	Awotide B.A., Alene A.D., Abdoulaye T., Manyong V.M.	2015	Food Security	7	6	10.1007/s12571-015-0500-7	Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Lilongwe, Malawi; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania	Awotide, B.A., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Alene, A.D., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria; Abdoulaye, T., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Lilongwe, Malawi; Manyong, V.M., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania	Using household survey data from a sample of about 850 households selected from six States in south-west Nigeria, this paper analyses the effects of the adoption of improved cassava varieties (ICVs) on asset ownership among smallholder farmers. The results of the linear regression with endogenous treatment effects showed that adoption of ICVs is positively related to asset ownership. The results further showed that ICVs had greater impact on asset ownership among female-headed households. The impact analysis using propensity score matching (PSM) showed a significant and positive effect of adoption of ICVs on asset ownership and a negative effect on asset poverty. The empirical results suggest that improved agricultural technologies can play a key role in strengthening asset ownership of smallholder farmers for increased agricultural productivity and income generation. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht and International Society for Plant Pathology.	Adoption; Assets; Cassava; Farmer; Impact; Nigeria; Poverty; PSM	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84858633477	Productivity impact differential of improved rice technology adoption among rice farming households in Nigeria	Dontsop Nguezet P.M., Okoruwa V.O., Adeoti A.I., Adenegan K.O.	2012	Journal of Crop Improvement	26	1	10.1080/15427528.2011.608246	Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Dontsop Nguezet, P.M., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Okoruwa, V.O., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Adeoti, A.I., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Adenegan, K.O., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	The contribution of technological change to agricultural productivity in developing countries has long been documented. It is believed that the adoption of new agricultural technologies, such as high-yielding varieties, could lead to significant increases in agricultural productivity and stimulate the transition from low-productivity, subsistence agriculture to a high-productivity agro-industrial economy. The article uses the local average treatment effect (LATE) to estimate the impact of adoption of improved rice varieties on rice farmers' productivity in the three major rice ecologies of Nigeria. A stratified random sampling was adopted by the study to select a sample of 500 rice farmers across ecologies. Findings of the analysis indicated that adoption of improved varieties helped raise farmers' area harvested and yield per hectare, respectively, by 0.39 hectare and 217.9 kg/ha for NERICA and 0.51 hectare and 210.4 kg/ha for other improved varieties, thereby increasing their productivity. In addition, NERICA varieties performed better than any other upland improved variety and the impact of its adoption on both area harvested and yield was greater among female rice farmers than among their male counterparts. Intervention programs to increase the dissemination of high-yielding rice varieties to areas with low productivity are, therefore, a reasonable policy instrument. © 2012 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	Impact; Improved rice technologies; Local average treatment effect; Nigeria; Productivity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84862067780	The adoption and productivity impacts of improved management practices on lowland rice production in Niger State, Nigeria	Rahji M.A.Y.	2008	Tropical Agriculture	85	3	None	Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Rahji, M.A.Y., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	The study sought to identify the factors influencing rice producers' adoption of improved management practices and its impacts on their productivity in Niger State, Nigeria. The data came from a sample survey of the study area. A switching regression model comprising of probit model and production functions was adopted in data analysis. The probit model identified six key significant variables as those influencing adoption by the farmers. These are farm size, extension services, credit, farm income and the land tenure arrangement. The production function analyses indicate a structural shift in the production parameters of the adopters and significant productivity differentials between the groups. Farmland redistribution, farm income improvement, effective extension delivery services, adequate supply of improved seeds and credit delivery system were recommended.	Improved practices adoption; Niger State; Nigeria; Productivity differentials; Rice production	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903481902	Influence of time of decomposition of plants materials on okra performance in ogbomoso, guinea savanna zone of South-West, Nigeria	Ajibola A.T., Fasola I.A., Modupeola T.O.	2014	Journal of Agronomy	13	3	10.3923/ja.2014.122.126	Department of Agronomy, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB, Ogbomoso, 4000, Oyo State, Nigeria; National Horticulture Research Institute, Idisin Jericho, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	Ajibola, A.T., Department of Agronomy, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB, Ogbomoso, 4000, Oyo State, Nigeria; Fasola, I.A., Department of Agronomy, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB, Ogbomoso, 4000, Oyo State, Nigeria; Modupeola, T.O., National Horticulture Research Institute, Idisin Jericho, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	Field trial was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso in 2012 to determine the effect of plant biomass types and time of decomposition on the growth and yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) moench). The treatment was a split plot laid out in randomized complete block design. The treatments involved two organic fertilizer types (Neem and Tithonia plant biomass), no fertilizer application (control) and five periods of incorporation (0, 3, 4, 5 and 6 weeks before planting) making a total of ten treatment combinations replicated three times with Okra as the test crop. Data were collected on growth parameters and yield attributes of Okra. The parameters assessed were significantly influenced (p<0.05) by the applied plant biomass types. The highest plant height, number of leaves stem circumference and Suits plant-1 were recorded at 6 weeks before planting irrespective of the plant biomass types. The significantly higher fruit weight were recorded at 4, 5 and 6 weeks before planting irrespective of the plant biomass types. The best performance of Okra in terms of growth were obtained from neem plant biomass type and the best yield was obtained from tithonia plant biomass type while those with no fertilizer recorded the least values. In conclusion, the growth and yield of Okra were improved by plant biomass types and best performance of Okra in terms of growth were obtained from neem plant biomass type while the best yield was obtained from tithonia plant biomass type and 4, 5 or 6 weeks before planting is adjudged as the best period for incorporation of plant biomass in Ogbomoso, Guinea Savanna zone of south west, Nigeria. © 2014 Asian Network for Scientific Information.	Growth and yield; Incorporation period; Okra; Plant biomass	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79251517743	Performance of forest management committees in Cross River state, Nigeria	Ogar A.M., Enete A.A.	2010	Outlook on Agriculture	39	4	10.5367/oa.2010.0020	Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Ogar, A.M., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Enete, A.A., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Forest and tree resources are of extreme importance to mankind because they provide a wide variety of useful products that feature in our everyday lives. However, the forest estate of Nigeria is being depleted at an unsustainable annual rate of 3.5% and the Sahara Desert is encroaching southward by about one kilometre each year. The Nigerian state-led forest management structure has failed to check this trend; hence the introduction of forest management committees (FMCs), representing a participatory (including the government) forest management structure led by the owner community. This study examines the performance of FMCs in Cross River state. Information was obtained through oral interviews with officials and a questionnaire survey of other respondents. The results of the data analysis show that the intensity of forest management practices was significantly higher in communities with FMCs than in those without. In communities without FMCs, household income from forestry was derived mainly from timber products and was significantly higher than in communities with FMCs, where forestry income was mainly from non-wood forest products. This shows the level of forestry restriction and regulation obtainable in communities with FMCs. Among the factors identified as influencing respondents' perceptions about the use of FMCs, five were positive and statistically significant: age, level of education, level of household income from forestry, regular harvest of forest products and presence of an erosion problem in the community. The Likert scale rating of the constraints encountered by FMCs indicated that the most challenging of these were: lack of commitment of members, change in government policies, financial constraints, inter- and intra-community conflicts, inadequate support from community leadership and a negative attitude on the part of the community to forest conservation.	Forest resources; Nigeria; Participatory forest management; Sustainability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80053082704	The impact of land transfers in the different agricultural sectors of the North West Province	Cloete P.C., van Schalkwyk H.D., Idsardi E.F.	2011	African Journal of Agricultural Research	6	19	None	Department of Agricultural Economics, University of the Free State, P. O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa; North West University, Private Bag X6001, Internal Box 375, Potchefstroom, 2530, South Africa	Cloete, P.C., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of the Free State, P. O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa; van Schalkwyk, H.D., North West University, Private Bag X6001, Internal Box 375, Potchefstroom, 2530, South Africa; Idsardi, E.F., North West University, Private Bag X6001, Internal Box 375, Potchefstroom, 2530, South Africa	Imbalances and inefficiency fostered by the policies of the previous South African government necessitate changes to reduce the imbalance of the past and enhance the inclusiveness and competitiveness of the agricultural industry. Against this background, the policy of land reform was initiated. In theory, the agricultural land reform policy might appear effective; given that agriculture is a major contributor to rural economic growth and development. Broadening the economic activities of previous disadvantaged individuals through the acquisition and cultivation of land will help to rebuild and strengthen the rural communities. However, the outcomes of this policy has to date not seen the desired results regarding rural economic development and poverty reduction. Many of the foreseen positive aspects of the land reform policy are also contributors to the potentially negative outcomes of the policy. This makes this specific policy controversial and subject of heated debate. Transfers of land in the various agricultural sectors will impact differently on social-and economic factors. Unless a proper understanding of the impact of transferring land in the different agricultural sectors is established, the controversy around the potential impact of land reform will continue. To obtain a better understanding of this impact, the study employed a Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) based partial equilibrium model. Results from the model revealed that the negative impact of the land reform policy largely overshadows the positive effects. Moreover, transfers within the larger agricultural sub-sectors will result in more significant social and economic impacts. Thus, the implementation of the agricultural land reform policy needs to be radical and calculative; otherwise it will result in false expectations, hardship and poverty. © 2011 Academic Journals.	Economic and social impacts; Land reform; Partial equilibrium model	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896978801	Impacts of the SADC free trade agreement on South African agricultural trade	Fadeyi O.A., Bahta T.Y., Ogundeji A.A., Willemse B.J.	2014	Outlook on Agriculture	43	1	10.5367/oa.2014.0154	Department of Agricultural Economics, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Fadeyi, O.A., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Bahta, T.Y., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Ogundeji, A.A., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Willemse, B.J., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Trade is an essential component of modern society, with nations signing bilateral trade agreements to engage in various forms of economic integration. Developing countries in southern Africa are also involved in economic integration to underpin development. The Southern African Development Community (SADC) became a free trade area in 2008 for the economic integration of its members. This study evaluates the impact of the SADC Free Trade Agreement (SADC FTA) on South African agricultural trade using the Poisson Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood (PPML) specification of gravity model to determine the significance of variables within the model. Bilateral trade data were obtained from the United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics (UN Comtrade) database and the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), while data on gross domestic product and population were sourced from the World Bank Development Indicators (WDI) database. The results show that there has been a net trade-creating effect and increasing intra-SADC bloc trade in beef. Intra-regional trade in maize has also been stimulated by the implementation of the agreement.	Gravity model; Regional agreements; South africa; Trade creation; Trade diversion	None	None
None	None	Rice for food and income: Assessing the impact of rice research on food security in the Kyela and Kilombero districts of Tanzania	Mwaseba D.L., Kaarhus R., Johnsen F.H., Mattee A.Z., Mvena Z.S.K.	2007	Outlook on Agriculture	36	4	None	Department of Agricultural Education and Extension, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania; Department of International Environment and Development Studies (Noragric), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (UMB), PO Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway	Mwaseba, D.L., Department of Agricultural Education and Extension, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania; Kaarhus, R., Department of International Environment and Development Studies (Noragric), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (UMB), PO Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway; Johnsen, F.H., Department of International Environment and Development Studies (Noragric), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (UMB), PO Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway; Mattee, A.Z., Department of Agricultural Education and Extension, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania; Mvena, Z.S.K., Department of Agricultural Education and Extension, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania	This paper assesses the impact of rice research on household food security in Tanzania. The adoption of research-based innovations in rice farming, on which the impact of rice research is assumed to depend, is outlined. Rice production and consumption levels are presented. The paper shows that farmers produce rice for meeting a range of livelihood outcomes, including food security. However, meeting household needs such as education, health and building good houses are as important as food security. In this context, it is argued that food security should be understood within the framework of household livelihood strategies rather than being seen as dependent on household rice production.	Food security; Impact assessment; Livelihoods; Rice research; Tanzania	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873470588	Home influences on the academic performance of agricultural science students in Ikwuano Local Government Area of Abia State, Nigeria	Ndirika M.C., Njoku U.J.	2012	Research in Education	88	1	10.7227/RIE.88.1.7	Department of Agricultural Education, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria	Ndirika, M.C., Department of Agricultural Education, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria; Njoku, U.J., Department of Agricultural Education, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria	This study was conducted to investigate the home influences on the academic performance of agricultural science secondary school students in Ikwuano Local Government Area of Abia State. The instrument used in data collection was a validated questionnaire structured on a two point rating scale. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 150 students from nine secondary schools. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics: frequency and mean to investigate the influence of students' participation in practical agriculture at home, students' engagement in extra lessons, parental influence and parents' motivation to their children. Results indicated that involvement in practical agriculture at home, having extra lessons at home, having a reading timetable and enough textbooks, parents checking of their children's school work, prompt payment of school fees and intact family positively affect the academic performance of agricultural science students. Recommendations were made among which is the need for students to be involved in extra lessons at home and in practical agriculture. © Manchester University Press.	Academic performance; Agriculture; Home; Influence; Science	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78649759162	Performance evaluation of a palm fruit bunch stripper	Ojomo A.O., Ologunagba F.O., Alagha S.A.	2010	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	5	9	None	Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria	Ojomo, A.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Ologunagba, F.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Alagha, S.A., Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria	A palm fruit stripper that was designed and fabricated at the Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo was evaluated for the stripping of quartered bunches. Studies were conducted on the effect of machine speed (1500rpm, 2000rpm and 2500rpm) and the time of steaming (10min, 20min and 30min) on the machine out-put capacity, efficiency and quality performance efficiency. The performance of the palm fruit stripper was evaluated at different levels of machine and crop variables. Machine speed and time of steaming statistically affected the machine performance at 5% significance level using the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The performance was found to be influenced by all studied variables, however, the machine gave the best stripping efficiency of 93.4%, quality performance of 91.2% and output capacity of 74.9kg/hr with the least damaged seed of 0.4% at 2500rpm machine speed and 30mins time of steaming, when compared with other combinations of variables. © 2006-2010 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN). All rights reserved.	Efficiency; Output capacity; Palm fruit bunch stripper; Performance evaluation; Steaming; Time	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79951703159	Evaluation of the parameters affecting the solvent extraction of soybea oil	Lawson O.S., Oyewumi A., Ologunagba F.O., Ojomo A.O.	2010	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	5	10	None	Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria	Lawson, O.S., Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Oyewumi, A., Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Ologunagba, F.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Ojomo, A.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria	Soybean is grown primarily for its protein content and secondarily for its oil; it is an excellent protein supplement for enriching cereal diet. The primary processing of soybean before oil extraction include cleaning, cracking, flaking and conditioning, these ruptures the oil cells, for efficient extraction. Most modern oil extraction industries use the solvent extraction process and the solvent commonly used is the food grade hexane. In this paper detail experiments were carried out on the various processing parameters affecting the solvent extraction of soybean oil. Among the process factors considered are: particle size, flakes thickness, temperature of extraction, extraction time, flakes and particle moisture content. The results showed that, at a particle size of 2mm, flakes thickness of 0.25mm, moisture content of 12-13%, temperature of 69 °C and the extraction time between 3/12; and 4/12; hours, the oil yield was maximum. © 2006-2010 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN).	Extraction; Flakes; Miscella; Solvent; Soybean; Temperature	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78649752336	Performance evaluation of a fish feed pelletizing machine	Ojomo A.O., Agbetoye L.A.S., Ologunagba F.O.	2010	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	5	9	None	Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	Ojomo, A.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Agbetoye, L.A.S., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; Ologunagba, F.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria	A pelletizing machine for the production of fish feed was designed and fabricated. It consists of a hopper, barrel which houses the screw conveyor (auger), the cutting knife and the die orifice. Power supply to the machine is from 2 kW, 1420 rpm single phase electric motor. The performance evaluation of the machine was carried out. The main objective was to investigate the effects of moisture contents and the speed of operation on the performance of the machine. It was observed that the pelletizing efficiency, throughput capacity and the percentage recovery of the machine increased with increase in moisture content and the speed of the machine. The machine showed higher throughput capacity of 19.7 kg/h with maximum pelletizing efficiency of 87.6%. Moisture content constituted a greater portion of variability in efficiency than speed. A unit increase in moisture content resulted in an increase of about 20% in pelletizing efficiency whereas a corresponding unit increase in speed only increased the pelletizing efficiency by 3%. The machine does not make use of steam thereby making it easier to operate. The adoption of the pelletizing machine by small and medium scale farmers would go a long way in helping them to produce their own feed with local contents thereby alleviating the problems associated with the sourcing of imported feeds. © 2006-2010 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN). All rights reserved.	Efficiency; Fish feed; Moisture content; Pelletizing machine; Performance evaluation; Speed	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84868283667	Irrigation scheduling impact assessment MODel (ISIAMOD): A decision tool for irrigation scheduling	Igbadun H.E.	2012	Indian Journal of Science and Technology	5	8	None	Department of Agricultural Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, P.M.B. 1044, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria	Igbadun, H.E., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, P.M.B. 1044, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria	This paper presents a process-based simulation known as Irrigation Scheduling Impact Assessment MODel (ISIAMOD). It was developed to simulate crop growth & yield, soil water balance and water management response indices to define the impact of irrigation scheduling decisions. ISIAMOD was calibrated and validated using data from field experiments on the irrigated maize crop conducted in an irrigation scheme located in south western Tanzania. The model adequately simulates crop biomass yield, grain yield, seasonal evapotranspiration and average soil moisture content in the crop effective rooting depth. Some unique features of this model make it a major improvement over the existing crop-soil simulation models. © Indian Society for Education and Environment (iSee).	Crop water productivity; Irrigation scheduling; ISIAMOD; Simulation model; Water management	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84882999295	Evaluating performance of vertical flow constructed wetland under various hydraulic loading rates in effluent polishing	Maina C.W., Mutua B.M., Oduor S.O.	2011	Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development	1	2	10.2166/washdev.2011.025	Department of Agricultural Engineering, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536 - 20115, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Biological Sciences, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536 - 20115, Nairobi, Kenya	Maina, C.W., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536 - 20115, Nairobi, Kenya; Mutua, B.M., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536 - 20115, Nairobi, Kenya; Oduor, S.O., Department of Biological Sciences, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536 - 20115, Nairobi, Kenya	The discharge of untreated wastewater or partially treated effluent and runoff from agricultural fields into water bodies is a major source of surface water pollution worldwide. To mitigate this problem, wastewater treatment using wastewater stabilization ponds and constructed wetlands have been promoted. The performance of such wastewater treatment systems is strongly dependent on their hydraulics, which if not properly considered during design or operation, may result in the partially treated effluent being discharged into water bodies. This paper presents results from a study that was carried out to evaluate the performance of a vertical flow constructed wetland system under varying hydraulic loading regimes. The influent and effluent samples from the constructed wetland were collected and analysed for physical, chemical and biological parameters of importance to water quality based on recommended standard laboratory methods. The data collected was useful in determining the treatment efficiency of the wetland. The hydraulic loading rate applied ranged between 0.014 and 0.174 m/day. Phosphorus reduction for the different hydraulic loading rates ranged between 92 and 47% for lowest and highest loading rates applied respectively. However, ammonium nitrogen reduction was not significantly affected by the different hydraulic loading rates, since the reduction ranged between 97 and 94%. © IWA Publishing 2011.	Constructed wetland; Hydraulic loading rates; Hydraulics; Treatment efficiency	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897443948	Design, construction and performance evaluation of a model waste stabilization pond	Egwuonwu C.C., Okafor V.C., Ezeanya N.C., Nzediegwu C., Suleiman A., Uzoigwe O.	2014	Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology	7	9	None	Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria	Egwuonwu, C.C., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria; Okafor, V.C., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria; Ezeanya, N.C., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria; Nzediegwu, C., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria; Suleiman, A., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria; Uzoigwe, O., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria	The study aimed at the design, construction and performance evaluation of a model Waste Stabilization Pond (WSP). The WSP comprised of one facultative pond and three maturation ponds all in series. The influent of the WSP after filtration through the lined sandy loam media (obtained from the premises of Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria) had the BOD reduced to 22 mg/L from 356 mg/L indicating a 93.8% removal level. A faecal coli form count (fc) of the influent sample gave 1×108 fc/100 mL, whereas the effluent gave 10 fc/100 mL which was 99.9% fc removal. The value of 150 mg/L of the Total Suspended Solids (TSS) for the influent was reduced to 26 mg/L for the effluent after treatment. It was concluded that the effluent from the WSP was within the limits of Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) standard of 30 mg/L for TSS, 30 mg/L for BOD5 and 400 fc/100 mL for faecal coli form thus making the waste water safe for discharge into surface water as well as its use for irrigation after treatment. The sandy loam soil media was found to be non-promising earlier in the removal process until it was lined with polyethylene material. A clay media was therefore recommended. © Maxwell Scientific Organization, 2014.	Construction; Design; Evaluation; Model; Performance; Waste stabilization pond	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-57049084462	Environmental impact prediction of air quality in a food processing environment	Chukwu O.	2008	International Journal of Postharvest Technology and Innovation	1	3	10.1504/IJPTI.2008.021469	Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria	Chukwu, O., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria	An impact study of food processing factory in Nigeria on air quality of its environment was studied using a factorial experiment. The effects of three primary air pollutants (by-products of the food processing): nitrogen (IV) oxide (NO2), carbon (IV) oxide (CO2) and sulphur (IV) oxide (SO2) on formation of acid rain also studied. These factors and their interactions in the predictive model showed significant impact on hydrogen ion concentration [H+], which is the key intrinsic parameter of acid rain. However, SO2 had higher detrimental influence than the other pollutants. Statistical analysis of the experimental data showed that the predictive model is adequate for obtaining optimum conditions. Validation of the model gave a correlation coefficient of 0.9999 between the measured and predicted values. Copyright © 2008 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Acid rain; Air quality; Environmental impact; Food processing industry	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84855185437	Development and perfonnance evaluation of a dehulling machine for African breadfruit (Treculia africana)	Etoamaihe U.J., Ndubueze K.C.	2010	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	5	4	10.3923/jeasci.2010.312.315	Department of Agricultural Engineering, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria	Etoamaihe, U.J., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria; Ndubueze, K.C., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria	A motorized African breadfruit seed dehuller was designed, fabricated and tested. Results showed that the machine had a maximum dehulling efficiency of 86% at 225 rpm speed and a maximum dehulling capacity of 176.2 kg h -1 at 425 rpm speed. There were significant effects of speeds on both the dehulling capacity and dehulling efficiency of the machine at 5% level of significance. The dehulling capacity increased with speed while the dehulling efficiency decreased with increased speed. The estimated cost of the machine was N35000 (USD250). © Medwell Journals, 2010.	African breadfruit; Dehuller; Dehulling capacity; Dehulling efficiency; Seed; Vegetable oil	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79951715442	Development and performance evaluation of a cowpea harvester	Ojomo A.O., Ale M.O., Olajide O.G.	2010	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	5	10	None	Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria	Ojomo, A.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Ale, M.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Olajide, O.G., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria	A cowpea harvester was designed, constructed and evaluated for its performance. The machine was fabricated with high carbon steel with an output capacity of 120kg/h. The performance of the harvester was evaluated at two crop moisture content 15.17% and 17.47% and two main shaft speeds of 540 rpm and 1000 rpm. At moisture content of 15.17% and machine speed 540rpm, the machine exhibits the highest functional efficiency of 93.75%, quality performance efficiency of 81.21%, field loss of 3.4% and shattered loss of 6.66%. The machine is statically and dynamically stable hence able to withstand vibration. © 2006-2010 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN).	Cowpea and harvester; Development; Evaluation; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84862337922	Evaluation of pads and geometrical shapes for constructing evaporative cooling system	Manuwa S.I., Odey S.O.	2012	Modern Applied Science	6	6	10.5539/mas.v6n6p45	Department of Agricultural Engineering, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Department of Agronomy, Cross River State University of Science and Technology, Obubra, Nigeria	Manuwa, S.I., Department of Agricultural Engineering, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Odey, S.O., Department of Agronomy, Cross River State University of Science and Technology, Obubra, Nigeria	Investigations were carried out into local materials as cooling pads, and shapes for constructing evaporative coolers. Materials investigated include jute, latex foam, charcoal and wood shavings. Shapes of cooling systems considered were of hexagonal and square cross-sections. Some physical properties of pad materials that could affect the effectiveness of the evaporative coolers were also determined. Results of "No - load" tests carried out on the coolers indicated that the effectiveness of the cooling pads was in the following decreasing order of magnitude - Jute, latex foam, charcoal and wood shavings. The hexagonal shape cooler was found to be more efficient than the square shape. The average cooling or saturation efficiency for hexagonal cooler was 93.5% (jute), 91.4% (latex foam), 91.3% (charcoal) and 91.9% (wood shavings). The maximum temperatures observed were 6.4 (jute pad), 4.9 (latex foam pad), 5.2 (charcoal pad) and 3.6 degree Celsius. The results of this study will assist researchers in their selection of pad materials in the study of evaporative cooling systems.	Evaporative coolers; Pad materials; Saturation efficiency; Shape; Temperature drop	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84883829846	Determinants of role performance effectiveness among facilitators in the second national fadama development project in Nigeria	Daudu S., Madukwe M.C.	2013	Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education	20	2	None	Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria; University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Daudu, S., Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria; Madukwe, M.C., University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	Determinants; Facilitator; National fadama development project; Nigeria; Role performance effectiveness	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84861854216	Evaluation of agricultural credit utilization by cooperative farmers in Benue state of Nigeria	Okwoche V.A., Asogwa B.C., Obinne P.C.	2012	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	47	None	Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria	Okwoche, V.A., Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria; Asogwa, B.C., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria; Obinne, P.C., Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria	The study evaluated agricultural credit utilization by cooperative farmers in Benue State of Nigeria. Data were collected from randomly sampled 130 Agricultural Cooperatives in Benue State using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution and percentages and t-test analysis. The result of study showed that majority of the farmers (41.5%) is within the age bracket of active work and therefore can make meaningful impact in agricultural production when motivated with the needed credit facilities. Furthermore, 88.5% of the respondents source their credits from non-institutional sources. More than 87.7% of the respondents utilized credits accessed for the purpose of Agricultural production. In addition, the study indicated that the loan acquired by the respondents had significant impact on their output and income. Farmer's joined the farmers' cooperative societies mainly for access to credit. It is recommended that the farmers should be adequately motivated with needed credit facilities so as to enhance their agricultural production. Furthermore, formal credit institution should increase the access of farmers to credit facilities as this will go a long way in improving their productivity and welfare. The result of study indicated that high interest rate was the major constraint of the respondents in sourcing agricultural credit. © EuroJournals, Inc. 2012.	Agricultural credit; Cooperative society; Evaluation; Farmers; Utilization	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879725149	Impact of improved technologies on small-scale soybean production: Empirical evidence from Benue state, Nigeria	Adisa R.S., Balogun K.S.	2013	Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences	50	2	None	Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria	Adisa, R.S., Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria; Balogun, K.S., Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria	The study examined the impact of improved technologies on the lives of small-scale soybean farmers in Benue State, Nigeria. A total of 160 respondents were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Tobit model and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Findings revealed that 35.6% of the respondents were between 31 and 40 years old, 40.6% had household size of between 6 and 10 members. Majority of the respondents were male, married, and had secondary school education. Tobit analysis revealed that farmers' socioeconomic characteristics which include gender, educational status and farming experience; and farmers' knowledge on soybean innovations were significant factors determining the adoption of improved soybean production technologies. These factors were statistically significant at p=0.05. The adoption of improved soybean technologies has had a clear positive impact on farmers' belief on soybean innovations. The major problems facing farmers in the adoption of improved soybean production technologies according to Kruskal-Wallis ranking were high cost of inputs, problem of labour availability and lack of credit/loan. The results of this study provide a strong case for the promotion of soybean as a solution for malnutrition and a means of poverty alleviation for poor people.	Impact; Improved technologies; Small-scale farmers; Soybean innovation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-67650340002	Impact of internship training on faculty of agriculture undergraduates of the obafemi awolowo university, ile-ife, Nigeria	Ajayi A.O., Okorie V.O., Yusuf O.J.	2008	Journal of Agricultural and Food Information	9	2	10.1080/10496500802173988	Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Faculty of Agriculture, Obafemi Awolowo University O.A.U., P.O. Box 1979, Postal Code 220005,	Ajayi, A.O., Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Faculty of Agriculture, Obafemi Awolowo University O.A.U., P.O. Box 1979, Postal Code 220005, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Okorie, V.O., Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Yusuf, O.J., Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	This study assessed the impact of internship training on undergraduates of agriculture in the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The job aspirations and attitudes of preinternship and postinternship undergraduates toward studying agriculture and toward participating in internship training were compared and the students' preferred courses and reasons for studying agriculture were identified. A multistage sampling procedure was employed to select an equal number of respondents from both preinternship and postinternship students; a pretested and validated structured questionnaire was used to elicit qualitative information from 130 respondents; frequency distribution, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used to describe the data; one-way-ANOVA test was used to test the hypotheses in order to make deductions from the data. The result of ANOVA revealed that at P 0.05 significance level, there were significant differences in the preinternship and postinternship students' attitudes toward studying agriculture and toward participating in internship training. However, at P 0.05 significance level, there was no significant difference in the job aspirations of preinternship and postinternship students. It was, therefore, concluded that the internship training changed only the attitude of postinternship students toward studying agriculture and participating in internship training, with no significant impact on the job aspirations of the students. Hence, the study recommended overhauling the internship training program through adequate funding, logistics, and curriculum revision; so as to enable it to attain its goals and promote improvement and retention of educated and able-bodied youth in the agricultural sector. © 2008 by The Haworth Press. All rights reserved.	Agricultural development; Attitude; Internship training; Job aspiration; Labor depletion	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903945381	Use of job enrichment technique and human resource management performance, among extension managers in North West Province South Africa	Thafe D.R., Oladele O.I.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	15	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n15p11	Department of Agricultural Extension, North West University, South Africa	Thafe, D.R., Department of Agricultural Extension, North West University, South Africa; Oladele, O.I., Department of Agricultural Extension, North West University, South Africa	The study examined knowledge and utilization of job enrichment techniques among extension managers in North West Province. The population of the study area is extension managers in the North West Province of South Africa. Thirty (30) Extension Managers were sampled randomly from the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development database in the four district municipalities of the Province. Data were collected using questionnaires and analysis was done with statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) using frequency counts, percentages and multiple regressions. The findings show that 70% of extension managers are married and mostly are male (66.7%), 86.7% have 1 to 3 children with 63.4% having 1-3 dependents; 33.3% of the respondents were Diploma holders; 30% were Degree holders, 30% had Honours, 6.7% had MSc; 70% are currently studying for higher degree. The most prominently used information sources were advisory leaflets (100%), most managers were not knowledgeable on removal of power of a subordinate improve job satisfaction(80); while the most prominent job enriching techniques used by extension managers was adjustment of performance target (80%). The results further show that there is a significant relationship between the independent variables and the use of job enrichment techniques with F value of 1.83, p < 0.05, R = 0.717. The result further predicted 52 percent of the variation in use of job enrichment techniques and human resource management performance by extension managers. The significant determinants of use of job enrichment techniques and human resource management performance among extension managers in North West Province are age (t = -2.155, p =.046), tenure in profession (t = 2.202, p =.042) and job designation (t = -2.273, p =.036).	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879765303	Performance of West African Dwarf goats fed graded levels of sun-cured water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes Mart. Solms-Laubach) replacing Guinea grass	Adeneye Mako A.	2013	Livestock Research for Rural Development	25	7	None	Department of Agricultural Production and Management Sciences, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ijebu-Ode, PMB 2118, Ijebu-Ode,Ogun State, Nigeria	Adeneye Mako, A., Department of Agricultural Production and Management Sciences, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ijebu-Ode, PMB 2118, Ijebu-Ode,Ogun State, Nigeria	The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of goats fed water hyacinth (WH) based diets. The chemical composition of sun-cured WH, Guinea grass (GG) and concentrate was determined. Quantitative analysis of tannins, saponins and phenols present in WH and GG were also determined. Thirty (30) female WAD goats between the ages of 6 and 7 months weighing 8.40 - 9.60 kg were used for a feeding trial.. Six animals were allotted to each of 5 treatments in a completely randomized design. Parameters measured included feed intake and weight gain. WH and GG contained tannins, saponins and phenols, but the concentrations were below toxic levels. The feed intake and weight gain had a negative curvilinear relationship with increasing level of WH in the diets. It is concluded that in diets based on Guinea grass the maximum level of sun-cured water hyacinth in diets for growing goats is 30%.	Bypass protein; Heavy metals; Non-nutritional compounds; Ruminants; Secondary metabolites	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894523719	Effects of buck and doe size on the growth performance and survival of their progeny	Kugonza D.R., Stalder K.J., Rothschild M.F.	2014	Livestock Research for Rural Development	26	3	None	Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University, PO Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States	Kugonza, D.R., Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University, PO Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States; Stalder, K.J., Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States; Rothschild, M.F., Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States	This study on the effects of paternal and maternal goat size on kid growth and survival was conducted by grouping bucks and does into big/elite and small/control categories and mating between the sub-groups to create four progeny groups whose body weight and mortality rate were assessed for fixed and variable effects at birth, 10, 20, and 30 weeks of age. Big sized bucks and does had progeny that were heavier than those of small sized parents at all ages except at birth. The mean body weight of the progeny at 30 weeks was 15.1±0.6 kg for elite bucks and 13.2±0.8 kg for control bucks. Due to sexual dimorphism, male progeny were heavier than their female counterparts at birth, 20 weeks and at 30 weeks. Birth type had the most profound effect on both live weight and survival of goats. Single kids weighed 2.2 ± 0.05 kg at birth compared to 2.0± 0.03 kg for twins, and the margin of superiority widened to 3.5 kg at 30 weeks. Over 85% of the kids that died between birth and 30 weeks were born as a twin which effectively negated the advantage that is normally thought of for twinning in such a goat flock. It is concluded that paternal and maternal size influences the weight of progeny at birth and through to maturity. Birth type and sex of kids also have profound effects on kid weight as well as on survival. However, the advantage of elite parentage appears to get diminished unless diet improvements are incorporated. In general, using elite bucks does have potential financial benefits for Mubende goat farmers.	Goats; Maternal effect; Mubende breed; Selection; Sire effect	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943147298	The effect of diet and feeding system on the on-farm performance of local chickens during the early growth phase	Nakkazi C., Kugonza D.R., Kayitesi A.	2015	Livestock Research for Rural Development	27	10	None	Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, (CAES) Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; National Livestock Resources Research Institute (NaLIRRI), P. O. Box 96, Tororo, Uganda; Department of Animal Production and Range Management, Gulu University, P.O. Box 166, Gulu, Uganda	Nakkazi, C., Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, (CAES) Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; Kugonza, D.R., Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, (CAES) Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda, National Livestock Resources Research Institute (NaLIRRI), P. O. Box 96, Tororo, Uganda, Department of Animal Production and Range Management, Gulu University, P.O. Box 166, Gulu, Uganda; Kayitesi, A., Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, (CAES) Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda	This study evaluated the performance of local chickens on three diets and two feeding systems under on-farm conditions. The diets used were formulated from local feedstuffs that had been identified in a baseline survey and analyzed for chemical composition in the laboratory. Based on the laboratory results, two diets were formulated containing 20% CP and 2900Kcal ME/kg (D20) and 23% CP; 3200KcalME/kg (D23). A commercial diet (D18) containing 18% CP; 2800 Kcal ME/kg was obtained from a local feed supplier to be used as a control. The three diets were then used in conducting growth trials with chicks under two different systems of feeding. The first system involved feeding the birds intensively. The three diets were feed separately to four replicate groups of ten chicks each. This system used 120 un-sexed day old local chicks that were obtained from a local hatchery and brooded artificially. The second system involved feeding the experimental diets to semi-scavenging chicks brooded by their mother hens in confinement cages from 6.00 am to 12.00 noon, after which they were let out to scavenge. A weighed amount of feed was given to each batch and left over feed was weighed and recorded each week to compute feed consumption. In both experiments birds were weighed in batches on day one and thereafter weekly for six weeks. The data revealed no difference in the growth rate and final live body weight of chicks under the three dietary treatments. Chickens that were fed intensively exhibited better growth and survival rates than those that were fed from 6.00 am to 12.00 noon then let out to scavenge. Hence it was concluded that that a diet containing 18% CP and 2800Kcal ME/kg is sufficient for rearing local chickens during the early growth phase (0-6 weeks) on-farm. Also intensive feeding of local chickens results into better growth and survival than the semi-scavenging system. © 2015, Fundacion CIPAV. All rights reserved.	Chicks; Dietary-energy; Growth rate; Semi-scavenging	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892539989	Decision making and job satisfaction as correlates of teachers' job performance in junior secondary schools in Abia state, Nigeria	Uba-Mbibi F.O.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	8	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n8p107	Department of Agricultural/Home Ec onomics Education, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria	Uba-Mbibi, F.O., Department of Agricultural/Home Ec onomics Education, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria	This study specifically sought to determine decision making and job satisfaction as correlates of teachers' job performance in junior secondary schools in Abia state, Nigeria. Two research questions were posed and two hypotheses formulated to guide the investigation, which was carried out ex-post factor, using a descriptive survey design. A sample of 541 junior secondary schools was drawn from a population of 1082 in the 230 junior secondary schools in Abia state. Data were collected using the researcher's self constructed questionnaire from the respondents titled involvement of teachers in decision making and job satisfaction as correlates of teachers' job performance in junior secondary schools (ITDMJSTJPQ). To ensure face validity of the instrument, two experts in Educational Administration and Planning of Abia State College of Education were consulted. There expert comments were used to modify the final copy of the questionnaire used for the study. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution, ad mean rating to answer the two research questions posted while the Z-test statistic was used to test the hypotheses formulated. Results indicated that although the teachers were involved in decision making but some decisions reached were not implemented by the school principals. As a result of this, there was lack of job satisfaction and low job performance among junior secondary school teachers in the junior secondary schools. The test of hypothesis one shows that there was no significant difference between teachers' decision making and job performance. Based on the findings, it was recommended that principals should involve and implement teachers' decisions in schools to enhance their job performance for uplifting of educational standard in Nigeria.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77952629430	The impact of migrant remittances on household welfare in rural Nigeria	Olowa O.W.	2009	Social Sciences	4	1	None	Department of Agriculture Education (Tech.), Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria	Olowa, O.W., Department of Agriculture Education (Tech.), Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria	Records on remittances by Central Bank of Nigeria shows an increasing trends since 2002. These huge flows of remittances are made up of millions private receiver households. The study examine the impacts of these remittances on household welfare in rural Nigeria using the Nigeria living standard statistics 2003/2004 wave by the bureau of stastistics. The result of the regression analysis revealed among other things that remittances help to reduce the effects of poverty and that remittances are counter-cyclical. © Medwell Journals, 2009.	Household; Nigeria; Poverty; Remittances; Welfare	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896332310	Effects of nutrient density and photoperiod on the performance and abdominal fat of broilers	Oyedeji J.O., Atteh J.O.	2005	International Journal of Poultry Science	4	3	10.3923/ijps.2005.149.152	Department of Agriculture, Benson Idahosa University, P. M. B. 1100, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria; Department of Animal Production,University of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria	Oyedeji, J.O., Department of Agriculture, Benson Idahosa University, P. M. B. 1100, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria; Atteh, J.O., Department of Animal Production,University of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria	The study investigated the effects of photoperiod and nutrient density on the performance and abdominal fat of broilers. Treatments consisted of a factorial arrangement of two diets containing 3200kcal/kg ME and 23% Protein and 2800kcal/kg ME and 18% Protein administered to broilers under either 12hour light per day, 8hour light per day or 6 hour light per day for 8 weeks. Results at market age showed that no significant interactions existed between nutrient density and photoperiod for feed intake, body weight gain and feed gain ratio (P > 0.05, P > 0.01). Also no significant interactions existed between factors for protein retention, fat utilization, available fibre, abdominal fat and cost to benefit ratio (P > 0.05, P > 0.01). Broilers subjected to low nutrient density diets experienced reduction in body weight gain and poorer feed to gain ratio (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). There was significant reduction in feed intake and abdominal fat of broilers exposed to only 6 hours of light per day as against the usual 12 hours of light per day (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). It was concluded that no meaningful interactions existed between nutrient density and photoperiod with respect to broilers performance. However, reducing photoperiod to 6 hours per day could be used as a tool for reducing abdominal fat hence, reducing sudden death syndrome and upgrading carcass quality of broilers. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2005.	Abdominal fat; Feed gain ratio; Feed intake; Nutrient density; Photoperiod; Weight gain	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77954921215	The impact of trade liberalisation on South African agricultural productivity	Teweldemedhin M.Y., van Schalkwyk H.D.	2010	African Journal of Agricultural Research	5	12	None	Department of Agriculture, Polytechnic of Namibia, Namibia; North West University, Potchefstroom Campus, South Africa	Teweldemedhin, M.Y., Department of Agriculture, Polytechnic of Namibia, Namibia; van Schalkwyk, H.D., North West University, Potchefstroom Campus, South Africa	This study attempts to examine the empirical relationship between trade and Total Factor Producitvity (TFP) in the agricultural sector using both cross-sectional (across nine agricultural commodities) and time-series analysis. The Error Correction Model of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) results from the cross-sectional analysis confirm that export shares and capital formation were significant and postivly related; whereas, import shares and real exchange rate were found to be negatively related. However, the net effect of export and import shares was positive implies that trade liberalisation causes productivity gains, The findings from the time-series analysis followed in the same direction as the cross-sectional results, indicating a robust relationship between a TFP, degree of openness, and capital formation. Debt was found to be inversely related, this implies that agricultural industries/farmers lack debt management skills. © 2010 Academic Journals.	Ordinary least square (OLS); Total factor producitvity (TFP); Trade liberalisation or degree of openness and capital formation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84960366261	Evaluation of rice genotypes for resistance to brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens stål) populations from the central region of Thailand	Sreewongchai T., Worede F., Phumichai C., Sripichitt P.	2015	Kasetsart Journal - Natural Science	49	4	None	Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute, Sirinka Research Center, Woldia, Ethiopia	Sreewongchai, T., Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; Worede, F., Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand, Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute, Sirinka Research Center, Woldia, Ethiopia; Phumichai, C., Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; Sripichitt, P., Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand	Intensive cultivation of rice is believed to be one of the factors responsible for the outbreak of brown planthopper (BPH). An experiment was conducted to study the reaction of 22 rice genotypes to six populations of BPH collected from rice research centers and from farmers’ fields of central Thailand. The results showed that populations of BPH from rice research centers were relatively more virulent than those from farmers’ fields. Cluster analysis using the mean BPH damage score divided the genotypes into three groups. Group I contained 18 susceptible genotypes including the susceptible check TN1. Group II contained two moderately resistant genotypes, IR64 and RD31, while the third group was made up of the resistant checks, Rathu Heenati and Ptb33. Rathu Heenati and Ptb33 could be used as sources of resistance for BPH in central Thailand. However, it is important to study the reaction of more genotypes by using additional BPH populations. The differential response of genotypes to populations of rice research centers and farmers’ fields of the same province also needs further investigation. © 2015, Kasetsart University. All right reserved.	Brown planthopper; Nilaparvata lugens stål; Resistance; Rice	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939782037	Performance of tropical maize hybrids under conditions of low and optimum levels of nitrogen fertilizer application - Grain yield, biomass production and nitrogen accumulation	Abe A., Adetimirin V.O., Menkir A., Moose S.P., Olaniyan A.B.	2013	Maydica	58	2	None	Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Oyo Road, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, United States	Abe, A., Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Adetimirin, V.O., Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Menkir, A., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Oyo Road, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria; Moose, S.P., Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, United States; Olaniyan, A.B., Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Nitrogen (N) is the most limiting mineral nutrient in the soils of the major maize producing areas of West and Central Africa. Low soil N and sub-optimal application of N fertilizers lead to N deficiency and poor grain yield (GY) in maize. Maize varieties with improved grain yield under low soil N and increased performance under optimal N availability could be beneficial to low input agriculture. This study evaluated the performance of a selection of experimental and commercial hybrids under suboptimal and optimal N fertilizer applications. Significant differences were observed among the hybrids, as well as significant interactions between hybrid and N level for GY and other measured attributes, with the severity of variation increasing as the level of N decreases. Mean GY reductions across the years was 76.5% at no-N and 35.4% at low-N. Depending on N treatment, GY varied from 0.48 to 4.42 Mg ha-1, grain N content from 0.17 to 1.26 g plant-1, total N content at harvest from 0.33 to 2.00 g plant-1, above ground biomass at silking from 30.6 to 91.2 g plant-1 and at maturity from 39.9 to 191.1 g plant-1. Number of kernels was the GY component most severely reduced by N stress and had significant (p ≤ 0.001) positive correlation with GY at all N levels. Six hybrids (4001/4008, KU1409/4008, KU1409/9613, 4008/1808, 4058/Fun 47-4, and 1824/9432) which showed consistent above average grain yields under no-N, low-N, high-N and across N levels were found and their use could further be investigated.	Grain yield; Low input agriculture; Low soil N; Maize hybrids; Number of kernels	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84856300509	Determination of the effect of probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on growth performance and hematological parameters of rabbits	Ezema C., Eze D.C.	2012	Comparative Clinical Pathology	21	1	10.1007/s00580-010-1066-6	Department of Animal Health and Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria	Ezema, C., Department of Animal Health and Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria; Eze, D.C., Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria	Insufficient supply of animal protein is a major problem in developing countries including Nigeria. Rabbits are adjudged to be a convenient source of palatable and nutritious meat, high in protein, and contain low fat and cholesterol. A doe can produce more than 15 times her own weight in offspring in a year. However, its productivity may be limited by inadequate nutrition. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation on growth performance and some hematological parameters of rabbit. The appropriate level of the probiotic inclusion for excellent health status and optimum productivity was also determined. A total of 40 male rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (A-D) of ten rabbits each. Each group was subdivided into two replicates of five rabbits each. They were fed pelleted grower mash ad libitum. The feed for groups A to C were supplemented with bioactive yeast (probiotic) at inclusion levels of 0.08, 0.12, and 0.16 g yeast/kg diet, respectively. Group D had no yeast (control). Daily feed intake was determined. The rabbits were weighed weekly. The packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration, white blood cell total, and differential counts were determined at the 8th week, 16th week, and 22nd week following standard procedures. The three results which did not have any significant difference were pooled together. Group A which had 0.08 g yeast/kg of diet had a significantly lower (P ≤ 0.05) PCV than groups B (which had 0.12 g yeast/kg of diet) and C (which had 0.16 g yeast/kg of diet) as well as D (the control). Total WBC count for groups B and C (14.35 ± 0.100 × 10 3/μl and 14.65 ± 0.786 × 10 3/μl, respectively) were significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) than groups A and D (6.33 ± 0.335 × 10 3/μl and 10.40 ± 0.296 × 10 3/μl, respectively). Also the absolute neutrophils and lymphocytes counts were significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) in groups B and C than in groups A and D. Group B had significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) weight gain (1.025 ± 0.006 kg/rabbit) followed by group A (0.950 ± 0.092 kg/rabbit). The control (group D) had the least weight gain of 0.623 ± 0.0.099 kg/rabbit. These results showed that like most probiotics, bioactive yeast at an appropriate level of inclusion had a significant beneficial effect on health status and growth rate of rabbit. Probiotic supplementation level of 0.12 g yeast/kg of diet was recommended for optimum rabbit production. © 2010 Springer-Verlag London Limited.	Feed; Growth rate; Health status; Probiotic; Rabbit	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80155133371	Stereological evaluation of the effects of momordica charantia, antioxidants and testosterone on seminiferous tubules of rat [Evaluación estereológica de los efectos de momordica charantia, antioxidantes y testosterona sobre los túbulos seminíferos de rat	Yama O.E., Duru F.I., Oremosu A.A., Noronha C.C., Okanlawon A.	2011	International Journal of Morphology	29	3	None	Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria	Yama, O.E., Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria; Duru, F.I., Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria; Oremosu, A.A., Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria; Noronha, C.C., Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria; Okanlawon, A., Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria	Ubiquitous consumption of Momordica charantia is hinged on credence of its potency in alleviating ailments. Almost no data exist on its quantitative relationship to the testes. The aim was to study the histomorphometric effect of Momordica charantia seed extract (MC), ascorbic acid (C), alpha-tocopherol (E) and testosterone (T) on the testes of rats. Ninety five mature 6-8 week-old male Sprague-Dawley (S-D) rats allotted randomly into six groups. Group I: fed MC for 16 weeks. Group II: administered MC for 8 weeks, later distilled water for another 8 weeks. Group III: administered C, E, T and a combination of all three test solutions (CET) for 8 weeks and later fed MC for another 8 weeks. Group IV: received MC initially for 8 weeks and later administered C, E, T and CET for another 8 weeks. Group V: fed concurrently the extract, C, E, T and CET for 8 weeks. Group VI (control): administered C, E, T, CET and distilled water for 16 weeks. The doses for MC, C, E and T were 50 mg/100 g b.w/oral/day, 0.01, 20.0 and 0.05 mg/kg. The animals were sacrificed; testes estimated for volume. Diameter, cross sectional area (AC), number of profiles per unit area (NA), length density (LV) and numerical density (NV) of the seminiferous tubules determined. The mean testicular volumes, tubular diameters and AC showed significant decline (p ≤ 0.05) in Groups I and III compared to controls. On cessation of MC values recovered to baseline control value. Groups IV and V, were not significantly (p £ 0.05) different from controls. There was a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in NA, LV and NV of seminiferous tubules in Groups I and III compared to controls. Histomorphometric data supports a reversible deleterious effect of MC on testes.	Histomorphometric; Momordica charantia; Sprague-dawley; Testes	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34248504652	The differential impact of various assessment parameters on the medical students performance in the professional anatomy examination in a new medical school	Shittu L.A.J., Zachariah M.P., Izegbu M.C., Adesanya O.A., Ashiru O.A.	2006	International Journal of Morphology	24	4	None	Department of Anatomy, Lagos State University, College of Medecine (Lasucom), PMB 21266, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Psychiatry, Lagos State University, College of Medecine (Lasucom), PMB 21266, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Morbid Anatomy	Shittu, L.A.J., Department of Anatomy, Lagos State University, College of Medecine (Lasucom), PMB 21266, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria; Zachariah, M.P., Department of Psychiatry, Lagos State University, College of Medecine (Lasucom), PMB 21266, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria; Izegbu, M.C., Department of Morbid Anatomy, Lagos State University, College of Medecine (Lasucom), PMB 21266, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria; Adesanya, O.A., Department of Anatomy, Igbinedion University, Okada, Edo-State, Nigeria; Ashiru, O.A., Department of Anatomy, Lagos State University, College of Medecine (Lasucom), PMB 21266, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria	There is a dearth of knowledge on the level of agreement between all the various assessment tasks on the same content area, in order to test this hypothesis we adopted the concept of convergent validity and also to isolate area of academic weakness among the students and to readjust the curriculum content to balance the weakness. A blinded cohort retrospective study was carried out on a total of sixty-six third year medical students who had sat for their first professional examination in anatomy in the new medical college of Lagos State University. Using records of their grades in the various assessments parameters- the average end-in course assessment, short essays question (SEQ), multiplechoice questions (MCQ), and practical (Steeple-chase). The mean + S.D. Pearson's correlation with students t-test (p< 0.05 being significant) were analyzed using the computerized SPSS 11 (SPSS inc. Chicago, Illinois) software package. The practical was significantly correlated with overall performance (r = 0.89, p< 0.01); with the student t-value of 6.15 (p< 0.01). Although, the SEQ showed significant correlation to overall performance (r =0.72; p<0.01), the t-value of 0.4 was nonsignificant, but, within an acceptable range. The practical, MCQ, SEQ and end-incourse showed an overall rank order of relative performance in assessment tasks, therefore indicates that, in general, students performance in the Professional examination was better than in the end-incourse examination and hence, the need to reappraise this pattern and emphasize the role of incourse assessment in the curriculum. © 2007 Sociedad Chilena de Anatom•br>.	Anatomy; Assessment parameters; Nigeria; Student performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70350077109	Spermatotoxic impact of bonny light crude oil (BLCO) ingestion on adult male Swiss albino mice	Adesanya O.A., Shittu L.A.J., Omonigbehin E.A., Tayo A.O.	2009	International Journal of Physical Sciences	4	5	None	Department of Anatomy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, College of Medicine, Ogun, Nigeria; Department of Anatomical Sciences, University of Abuja, College of Health Sciences Gwagwalada, P. O. Box 882, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria; Nigerian Medical Research Ins	Adesanya O.A., Department of Anatomy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, College of Medicine, Ogun, Nigeria; Shittu, L.A.J., Department of Anatomical Sciences, University of Abuja, College of Health Sciences Gwagwalada, P. O. Box 882, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria; Omonigbehin, E.A., Nigerian Medical Research Institute, NIMR, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria; Tayo A.O., Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Lagos State University, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria	Increasing concern has been expressed about the possible declining trend in the sperm quality and sperm count of man as a result of exposure to environmental estrogenic agents in the past few years now. There is a general paucity of knowledge of BLCO ingestion on the reproductive effect. Hence, we aim to evaluate the impact of sub-lethal dose of BLCO ingestion on semen parameters of adult male mice. Initial acute toxicity study was carried out to determine the lethal dose of BLCO, which was calculated to be 37.4 mg/Kg body wt. A sub-lethal dose of 20 mg/Kg bwt /day of BLCO were then given to 8 male mice in the experimental group. While,the control group of 7 animals received equal volume of 0.9% normal saline via oral garvage for 2 weeks. Data were analysed using SPSS 12 statistical software with P &gt;0.05 considered statistically significant. There was a significant (P &gt;0.05) weight gain in the treated group with a significant (P &gt;0.05) reduction in sperm motility in the treated compared with control. The sperm density of treated and control were 14.5 × 106ml and 20.5 × 106 /ml respectively. However, there were also no significant difference in the relative testicular weight and sperm density of treated from that of the control respectively. Thus, it was concluded that BLCO ingestion is spermatotoxic in the adult male Swiss mice © 2009 Academic Journals..	Adult male mice; BLCO; Motility; Sperm density; Sub-lethal dose	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84878769150	Radiologic evaluation of clavicular morphology in southern Nigerians [Evaluación radiólogica de la morfología clavicular en Nigerianos del Sur]	Udoaka A.I., Nwokediuko A.U.	2013	International Journal of Morphology	31	1	10.4067/S0717-95022013000100014	Department of Anatomy, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Udoaka, A.I., Department of Anatomy, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Nwokediuko, A.U., Department of Anatomy, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	This study was carried out to derive empirical values and indices for which clavicles on a radiograph can be correctly sexed. 1000 radiographic left clavicles of adults of both sexes (500 males and 500 females) ranging from ages 25 - 60 yrs collated from the Radiology departments of University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital and The General Hospital Calabar, all in Southern Nigeria, were used in this study. The values obtained in this study showed that, the males had Sternal head length of 2.52±0.33 cm, Acromial head length of 1.66±0.25 cm, a mid shaft diameter of 2.01 cm and body length of 15.28±0.66 cm. The female Sternal head length was 2.18±0.37 cm, Acromial head length was 1.65±0.22 cm, mid shaft diameter was 1.48 cm and the mean body length was 14.56±0.51 cm. The sternal head of the males was significantly longer than the females (P<0.001) but the body and acromial head lengths were not. The length / mid shaft diameter ratio and the product of the length and mid shaft diameter were also derived. The use of the demarking point analysis to identify sex showed very low percentages in all the parameters studied.	Clavicle; Demarking point; Radiographs	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84927549192	Robertson’s century: The reception and impact of an epoch-making grammar of the Greek New Testament	Swart G.	2014	HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies	70	1	10.4102/hts.v70i1.2747	Department of Ancient Languages, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Swart, G., Department of Ancient Languages, University of Pretoria, South Africa	The author endeavours, firstly, to present a vivid account of the reception that A.T. Robertson’s A grammar of the Greek New Testament in the light of historical research found in scholarly circles when first published (in 1914) and during the ensuing years; secondly, to probe the question whether, during the course of the past century, the renown of both the man and the book has outlasted the scientific value and the actual utilisation of ‘Robertson’ in New Testament commentaries and scholarly publications; and thirdly, to address a few grammatical points stated by Robertson that seem to have gone unchallenged despite major shifts affecting the study of language generally, and New Testament Greek specifically, since the publication of his Grammar. © 2014. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892996732	Reproductive performance of semi-intensively kept Döhne Merino ewes fed with different protein supplements	Webb E.C., van Niekerk W.A., Lee K., Marais W.J.	2010	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	40	5SUPPL.1	None	Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Grootfontein Agricultural Development Institute, Private Bag X529, Middelburg, EC, 5900, South Africa	Webb, E.C., Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; van Niekerk, W.A., Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Lee, K., Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa, Grootfontein Agricultural Development Institute, Private Bag X529, Middelburg, EC, 5900, South Africa; Marais, W.J., Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	A trial was conducted to determine the possible effects of an easily digestible nitrogen source in the form of urea compared to an undegradable protein supplement, age and birth status on the reproductive performance (ovulation rate and rate of twinning) of ewes. The weight, age and birth status of Döhne Merino ewes were recorded. A total of 144 Döhne Merino ewes were randomly allocated in two dietary treatment groups (either urea-based or undegradable protein group) synchronised, mated and the ovulation rate (estimated from the number of corpora lutea on the ovaries), foetuses observed on day 55 of gestation, lambs born per ewe and mass of the ewe after lambing were recorded. Dietary protein supplement had no significant effect on ovulation rate, pregnancy status, the number of lambs born per ewe or ewe weight after lambing. The number of lambs born per ewe of the one-year-old (0.99 ± 0.316), two-year-old (1.23 ± 0.134) and seven year old (0.92 ± 0.305) ewes were lower than that of four (1.69 ± 0.222) and six-year-old ewes (1.897 ± 0.248). Ewe age did not influence the ovulation rate of ewes, but the highest number of foetuses counted on day 55 of gestation was observed in 3-year-old ewes (1.68 ± 0.196). The number of lambs born per ewe of single born ewes (1.23 ± 0.104) was lower than that of twin born ewes (1.62 ± 0.106). It was concluded that dietary protein supplementation had no significant effect on ovulation rate or the number of lambs born per ewe mated, while age and birth status influenced the reproductive rate of Döhne Merino ewes. © South African Society for Animal Science.	Lambing status; Ovulation rate; Reproductive rate; Undegradable protein; Urea	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78650199287	Interactive effect of dietary protein level and zilpaterol hydrochloride on feedlot performance and meat quality of steers	O'Neill H.A., Casey N.H., Webb E.C.	2010	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	40	3	None	Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	O'Neill, H.A., Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Casey, N.H., Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Webb, E.C., Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	Bonsmara type steers were used to determine the effect of dietary zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) in combination with different dietary crude protein (CP) levels (100, 120 and 140 g CP/kg) on growth performance and meat quality. Treatment groups (T) consisted of 12 steers each. T1 - 100 g CP/kg + 0.15 mg ZH/kg live weight (LW); T2 - 120 g CP/kg + 0.15 mg ZH/kg LW; T3 - 140 g CP/kg + 0.15 mg ZH/kg LW and T4 - 120 g CP/kg + 0 mg/kg LW. Steers received the diets from an initial LW of 278 kg and fed to a target mass of 390 kg. After a seven day ZH withdrawal period the steers were slaughtered and carcasses electrically stimulated. Samples from m. longissimus thoracis, m. semitendinosus and m. triceps brachii were kept in airtight polyethylene bags and matured for ten days at 4 °C. Zilpaterol treatment increased the average daily gain (ADG) non-significantly (NS) by 9.6%. Zilpaterol treatment improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) by 20% (NS). T2 showed a significant 39.4% improvement in FCR in comparison with T4. Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) of m. semitendinosus and m. biceps brachii samples differed between ZH treated groups. Cooking loss (CL) for m. longissimus thoracis was lower for T2 in comparison with T1, T3 and T4. ZH treatment for 35 days, electrical stimulation and a maturation period of 10 days generally left the WBSF and CL unaffected while the FCR in combination with 120 g CP/kg improved significantly. © South African Society for Animal Science.	β-agonist; Cooking loss; Growth efficiency; Meat tenderness	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904309570	The effect of production system and management practices on the environmental impact, quality and safety of milk and dairy products	Erasmus L.J., Webb E.C.	2013	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	43	3	10.4314/sajas.v43i3.13	Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Institute of Food Nutrition and Well-being, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	Erasmus, L.J., Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa, Institute of Food Nutrition and Well-being, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Webb, E.C., Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa, Institute of Food Nutrition and Well-being, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	There is an increasing trend to label milk and dairy products according to production system, absence of certain feed additives and non-use of specific technologies. These claims include the practice of organic farming, the absence of ionophore antibiotics and recombinant bovine somatotropin (r-bST) free milk. Absence-claim labels may imply to some consumers that certain milk is safer and more nutritious than other milk. Milk from r-bST supplemented cows is completely safe for human consumption, since bST is a protein, which is digested like other animal and plant proteins, it is species specific, and most bST in milk is denaturated by pasteurization. Fears of higher insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels in r-bST milk are unfounded, since these are insignificant compared with the daily secretion of IGF-1 in human saliva and gastro-intestinal secretions. r-bST does not affect milk composition. All milk (i.e. conventional, r-bST free and organic) is compositionally similar, and all milk is wholesome. Various studies have also confirmed that r-bST does not affect milk flavour or manufacturing characteristics that are important during the production of processed dairy foods such as cheese or yoghurt. There is no pathway for ionophore antibiotics from feed to milk and there is no scientific basis for concerns that these additives can give rise to transmissible resistance factors that may compromise the therapeutic use of antibiotics in humans. Organic farming is recognized as a possible way forward to improve sustainability in agriculture. However, it typically requires more resources and produces less food, which currently makes it less profitable and a questionable solution to meeting the world's growing food supply needs. Improving productive efficiency by using technologies is currently the most logical approach to mitigating the environmental impact of the dairy herd. The potential of r-bST and feed additives such as ionophore antibiotics to reduce greenhouse gas emissions should be recognized and implemented where applicable. © The authors.	Dairy production systems; Ionophores; Organic milk; R-bST	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880611242	Evaluation of a chick brooding technology based on cotton-plate material for small scale poultry farming	Ayalew M., Simeneh M.	2013	Middle East Journal of Scientific Research	14	7	10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2013.14.7.2197	Department of Animal Production and Extension, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gondar, P.O. Box, 196, Gondar, Ethiopia	Ayalew, M., Department of Animal Production and Extension, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gondar, P.O. Box, 196, Gondar, Ethiopia; Simeneh, M., Department of Animal Production and Extension, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gondar, P.O. Box, 196, Gondar, Ethiopia	An experiment trial was conducted to examine the effect of cotton plate chicks brooder technology to retain day old chicks natural body heat at the University of Gondar teaching and research poultry farm, Ethiopia, on two hundred four day-old (commercial B102) chicks with the aim of producing an alternative chicks brooder which is applicable in small scale poultry farming areas on the basis of survival of chicks. The two hundred four day-old chicks were randomly divided into six groups: first four groups with four different levels of cotton plate each with equal number of (n=34) chicks placed under cotton plate candidate brooder, fifth group (n=34) was brooded under electrical brooder CE Complies with C.EE-EU ID06-2010/388 RAEE ITALY: (positive control) and the sixth group (n=34) was kept in brooder guard as negative control. Chicks were supervised constantly for 24 hours for 15 days and mortality of chicks was recorded. The candidate cotton plate brooder showed higher level of chicks survival. Mortality rate was 100 percent in negative control brooder. Cotton plate chicks brooder technology was not only environmentally friendly but does not require energy source. The study revealed that higher level of chicks' survival in case of cotton plate chicks brooder as compared to conventional electrical brooder. © IDOSI Publications, 2013.	Brooder; Chicks; Cotton; Ethiopia; Gondar; Plate	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84889006647	Does Regulation in Credit, Labour and Business Matter for Bank Performance in the EU-10 Economies?	Mamatzakis E., Kalyvas A.N., Piesse J.	2013	International Journal of the Economics of Business	20	3	10.1080/13571516.2013.835981	Department of Business, School of Business, Management and Economics, University of Sussex, Falmer, BN1 9SL, United Kingdom; Department of Management, Executive Business Centre, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, BH8 8EB, United Kingdom; University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	Mamatzakis, E., Department of Business, School of Business, Management and Economics, University of Sussex, Falmer, BN1 9SL, United Kingdom; Kalyvas, A.N., Department of Business, School of Business, Management and Economics, University of Sussex, Falmer, BN1 9SL, United Kingdom; Piesse, J., Department of Management, Executive Business Centre, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, BH8 8EB, United Kingdom, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	Cost efficiency scores for banks in ten new EU member countries of Central and Eastern Europe are estimated using a parametric approach (data envelopment analysis) for the period prior to and immediately following their accession (2000-2010). These are then used in both fixed effects and dynamic panels to estimate the impact of regulation on bank specific efficiency in the transition economies of the EU. Using the Fraser Index of Economic Freedom (Gwartney, Hall, and Lawson 2012) we find that, among all the indices of economic freedom, the composite regulation index that includes regulation in credit, labour and business has more importance for the banking sector as results suggest a positive and statistically significant impact on bank efficiency. By decomposing the regulation index into its three components (credit, business and labour regulation) we find that strict labour regulation is associated with lower bank cost efficiency while certain aspects of credit regulation such as foreign ownership and competition as well as private ownership are significantly associated with improved efficiency. The dynamic panel vector autoregression (VAR) results using impulse response functions and variance decomposition further support the validity of these results. These findings are valuable for both academics and policy makers in their attempts to understand the drivers of bank efficiency. © 2013 © 2013 International Journal of the Economics of Business.	Bank Cost Efficiency; New EU Member States; Regulation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956911866	Towards a condition monitoring of rock art sites: The case of BNE 1 in Free State Province, South Africa	Jopela A.	2010	South African Archaeological Bulletin	65	191	None	Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, Eduarde Mondlane University, P.O.Box 257, Maputo, Mozambique; Rock Art Research Institute, GAES, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, 2050, South Africa	Jopela, A., Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, Eduarde Mondlane University, P.O.Box 257, Maputo, Mozambique, Rock Art Research Institute, GAES, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, 2050, South Africa	Management of rock art sites entails continuous monitoring of changes in the condition of the site. Monitoring ensures that changes that occur at the site over time are recorded and controlled. Monitoring is a crucial step in any management process because it enables conservators and managers to determine causes and rates of deterioration, derive a prognosis as well as develop appropriate conservation strategies for sites. Monitoring is thus an indispensable tool for rockart managers in their attempts to minimize or mitigate site damage. This paper analyses how condition change was monitored at a particular rock art site (BNE 1) in Clocolan district, Free State Province, South Africa. Photographic analysis using a digital camera and computer software (Adobe Illustrator Creative Suite 2 and ImageJ), was used to monitor condition change. It is suggested that future monitoring of public rock art sites in Free State in particular and in South Africa in general, should be based on a negotiated partnership between interested parties.	Condition monitoring; Conservation; Heritage management; Rock art; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84938591460	Beyond Static Models: An Evaluation of Present Status and Future Prospects for Iron Age Research in Southern Africa	Fredriksen P.D., Chirikure S.	2015	Cambridge Archaeological Journal	25	3	10.1017/S0959774314001115	Department of Archaeology, Conservation and History, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1019, Oslo, Norway; Department of Archaeology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa	Fredriksen, P.D., Department of Archaeology, Conservation and History, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1019, Oslo, Norway, Department of Archaeology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa; Chirikure, S., Department of Archaeology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa	To what extent do we need structuralist cognitive settlement models such as the Central Cattle Pattern and the Zimbabwe Pattern for future research and understanding of Iron Age social life in southern Africa? How will alternative approaches enable us to progress beyond the present status of knowledge? While the three last decades of debate have underpinned key aspects of archaeological inquiry, notably questions of social change, gender dynamics, analytical scale and the use of ethnographic and ethnoarchaeological insights, the sometimes entrenched nature of the debate has in other respects hindered development of new approaches and restrained the range of themes and topics scholars engage with. In this article, we identify the issues of analytical scale and recursiveness as key to the development of future approaches and present an alternative framework through empirically grounded discussion of three central Iron Age themes: ceramics and the microscale, the spatiality of metal production and the temporality of stonewalled architecture. © 2015 The McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956816345	Capital structure and corporate performance in Nigeria Petroleum Industry: Panel data analysis	David D.F., Olorunfemi S.	2010	Journal of Mathematics and Statistics	6	2	None	Department of Banking and Finance, Adekunle Ajasin University, P.M.B. 001, Akungba Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria; Department of Economics, Adekunle Ajasin University, P.M.B. 001, Akungba Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria	David, D.F., Department of Banking and Finance, Adekunle Ajasin University, P.M.B. 001, Akungba Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria; Olorunfemi, S., Department of Economics, Adekunle Ajasin University, P.M.B. 001, Akungba Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria	Problem statement: The actual impact of capital structure on corporate performance in Nigeria has been a major problem among researchers that has not been resolved. Approach: The study looks at the impact of capital structure on corporate performance in the Nigerian Petroleum Industry. Results: The study employed panel data analysis by using Fixed-effect estimation, Random-effect estimation and Maximum likelihood estimation. It was found out that there was positive relationship between earnings per share and leverage ratio on one hand and positive relationship between dividend per share and leverage ratio on the other hand. Conclusion/Recommendations: It is therefore recommended that the management of the industry should do more to improve on its leverage ratio. © 2010 Science Publications.	Dividend; Earnings per share; Fixed effect and random effect; Leverage ratio	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84946077792	The joint impact of stock market and corruption on economic growth and development in Nigeria: Evidence from cointegration and vecm analysis	Nageri I.K., Nageri I.S., Amin A.	2015	Serbian Journal of Management	10	2	10.5937/sjm10-7507	Department of Banking and Finance, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, P.M.B 1601, Ilorin Kwara State, Nigeria; Department of Finance, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Department of Business Administration, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria	Nageri, I.K., Department of Banking and Finance, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, P.M.B 1601, Ilorin Kwara State, Nigeria; Nageri, I.S., Department of Finance, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Amin, A., Department of Business Administration, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria	This paper studies the effect of capital market on economic growth in the presence of corruption in the Nigerian context. We employed the use of cointegration and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). We find out that both corruption and capital market has long run associationship with economic development in Nigeria but has no short run relationship. This simply means that there is short run gain and long run pain for the Nigerian economy if corruption and capital market are not checked and well regulated respectively in Nigeria. We therefore recommend that government should strengthen the anti-graft agencies and equip them technologically and make them independent, educate the public on the problems associated with corrupt practices and the economic implication especially through the capital market and encourage local investors to invest in the capital market to improve liquidity and profitability of the Nigerian capital market.	Capital market; Co-integration; Corruption; Vector Error Correction	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940947761	The impact of motivations, personal values and management skills on the performance of SMEs in South Africa	Asah F., Fatoki O.O., Rungani E.	2015	African Journal of Economic and Management Studies	6	3	10.1108/AJEMS-01-2013-0009	Department of Business Management, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa; Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, South Africa	Asah, F., Department of Business Management, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa; Fatoki, O.O., Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, South Africa; Rungani, E., Department of Business Management, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa	Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the impact of motivation, personal values and managerial skills of managers on the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in South Africa. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected through the use of self-administered questionnaire in a survey. Data analysis included factor analysis, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and regression analysis. Findings – The findings revealed significant positive relationships between motivations, personal values and managerial skills of SME owners on performance. Research limitations/implications – Access to external finance (debt or equity) is one of the factors that can impact on the performance of growing SMEs. The non-accessibility of debt finance from commercial banks and trade creditors is seen as one of the major contributing factors to the failure of SMEs in South Africa. This study did not link access to finance to performance. Practical implications – The failure rate of SMEs is very high in South Africa. The study suggests that SME owners should incorporate values and improve management skills. In addition, SMEs that are motivated by opportunity have a better chance of survival. Social implications – To reduce unemployment and poverty in South Africa. Originality/value – This study adds to the understanding of the relationship between of personal values, motivations and management skills of managers and the performance of SMEs from a developing country perspective. © 2015, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Managerial skills; Motivations; Personal values; SMEs performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900412808	HIV/AIDS awareness and its impact on the profitability of business firms in developing nations	Udeh C., Smith W., Shava H.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	7	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n7p244	Department of Business Management, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa	Udeh, C., Department of Business Management, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa; Smith, W., Department of Business Management, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa; Shava, H., Department of Business Management, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa	The impact of HIV/AIDS on South Africa as well as in the African continent is undoubtedly enormous, especially considering the percentage of the country's workforce living with HIV/AIDS. This study becomes imperative when statistics shows that many owners/managers are not well aware of the challenges of HIV/AIDS in their business firms. This study investigated HIV/AIDS awareness and its impact on the profitability of business firms in King Williams Town, Eastern Cape, South Africa, which could well relate to developing nations. The researchers use a target population of all the private business firms as well as the owners/mangers that are present in King Williams Town. A sample was drawn from the target population by the researchers. The sample size of 120 respondents (100 employees and 20 owners/mangers) was considered adequate due to the sensitive nature of the research. Based on the findings of this research, it was discovered that employees of business firms are not aware of issues pertaining to HIV/AIDS, business firms do not have a workplace policy on HIV/AIDS to minimise the impact of HIV/AIDS and HIV/AIDS does affect the profitability of business firms in developing nations. The study recommends that business firms and relevant stakeholders develop effective strategies in minimising the impact of HIV/AIDS at work place and on employee morale as well as to intensify HIV/AIDS awareness campaigns at firm level.	Employees; Investors; Mixed-method; Productivity; Revenue; Workplace; Workshops	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84955288709	Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and small business performance: The mediating effect of entrepreneurial mindset and openness to experience	Ngek N.B.	2015	Problems and Perspectives in Management	13	4	None	Department of Business Management, University of Free State, South Africa	Ngek, N.B., Department of Business Management, University of Free State, South Africa	Small business performance is a key concern around the globe as small businesses play a vital role in fostering economic growth and development. Despite the increasing research on enhancing small business performance, most small businesses still fail within the first three years of operations. As such, unearthing the underlying aspects on how several factors affect small business performance continues to be an important research agenda. This study focuses on examining the mediating effect of entrepreneurial mindset and openness to experience on the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) and small business performance. The empirical findings indicate that both entrepreneurial mindset and openness to experience fully mediate the ESE-performance relationship. These findings act as an enrichment of our current understanding of the ESE-performance relationship. The study culminates by providing both theoretical and practical implications for entrepreneurship theory and practice. © Neneh Brownhilder Ngek, 2015.	Entrepreneurial mindset; Entrepreneurial self-efficacy; Firm performance; Openness to experience; Small businesses	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960099478	Strategic marketing orientation and performance: A case for synergistic merger effects of Nigerian banks	Asikhia O.	2010	European Journal of Scientific Research	42	2	None	Department of Business Studies, College of Business and Social Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Ota, Ogun state, Nigeria	Asikhia, O., Department of Business Studies, College of Business and Social Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Ota, Ogun state, Nigeria	The purpose of this paper is to examine the strategic marketing orientation - performance relationship among Nigerian banks and the synergistic effects of probable merger is also included. The paper presents primary data collected by self-administered questionnaires involving a sample of 835 corporate customers from the two commercial cities in Nigeria to classify the banks based on performance, out of which 500 were usable resulting in 59.9% response rate and a total of 375 questionnaire were also distributed to top and middle level management of the banks, 257 were returned, out of which 213 were usable (valid and complete), thus producing a response rate of 56.8 percent, The data set was subjected to regression analysis and structural equation modeling to measure the various effects of variables. It was discovered that strategic marketing orientation positively relates with banks 'performance with the major banks having the lowest SMO-Performance, the combination of the banks in merger scenario revealed different implicating results. It was also revealed that marketing competence and all environmental factors moderate the SMO-Performance relationship except demand uncertainty. For successful mergers between banks in this era of bank failures to occur, consideration should be given to the strategic marketing orientation - performance relationships for synergy. The paper reports findings from the first nationwide study carried out in the area of strategic marketing orientation-performance relationship as a basis for synergic merger in Nigerian banks. © 2010 EuroJournals Publishing, Inc.	Banks' performance; Environmental factors; Marketing competence; Nigerian Banks; Strategic marketing orientation; Synergic effects	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893673758	Genetic evaluation of nigerian indigenous crossbred pullets and broilers	Sanda A.J., Adebambo O.A., Olowofeso O., Adeleke M.A., Akinfenwa M.O., Nworgu F.C., Lawal R.A.	2012	Thai Journal of Agricultural Science	45	4	None	Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Department of Animal Health and Production Technology, Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, IAR and T. Moor Plantation, P	Sanda, A.J., Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Adebambo, O.A., Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Olowofeso, O., Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Adeleke, M.A., Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Akinfenwa, M.O., Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Nworgu, F.C., Department of Animal Health and Production Technology, Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, IAR and T. Moor Plantation, P.M.B. 5029, Ibadan, Nigeria; Lawal, R.A., Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria	An experiment was carried out to determine the growth performance of different crossbred broilers and egg line, and to investigate the effect of genotype (Marshal, Anak Titan, Giriraja, Rhode Island Red cocks, indigenous pullets and exotic dihybrid and trihybrid crosses) on body weight gain. Data were collected for a period of five months. Results showed that with the effect of sire genotype on body weight, Marshal cross has the highest body weight of 1780.50±186.16 g at twenty weeks of age, while Rhode Island Red cross has the lowest mean value of 1287.25±53.55 g. With the effect of dam genotype, dihybrid has the highest body weight with a value of 1663.0±0.00 g at twenty weeks of age, followed by Normal and Anak Titan, respectively. The crossbreds of Marshal sire and Anak Titan dam showed the highest mean body weight of 1909.33±186.10 g at twenty weeks of age; also crosses of Marshal sire and Anak Titan dam produced eggs with the most significant mean weight of 60.00±0.30 g for egg line, while the crossing between Normal indigenous sire and Normal indigenous dam produced eggs with lowest mean weight of 57.08±3.55 g. The interaction between sire and dam on body weight and egg weight showed improvement in the egg line for poultry production. Results of the experiment suggest that crossing of exotic breed of sire with the normal Nigerian indigenous dam produced birds with improved growth performance for broiler chickens and improvement in the egg line.	Crossbred; Dihybrid; Genotype; Indigenous; Trihybrid	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867364082	The effect of dried sweet orange (Citrus sinesis) fruit peel mweal on the growth performance and haematology of rabbits	Ojabo L.D., Adenkola A.Y., Odaudu G.I.	2012	Veterinary Research	5	2	10.3923/vr.2012.26.30	Department of Animal Health and Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture, Makurdi,	Ojabo, L.D., Department of Animal Health and Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria; Adenkola, A.Y., Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria; Odaudu, G.I., Department of Animal Health and Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria	This study investigated the feed value of dried sweet orange (Citrus sinesis) peel as a replacement for maize in rabbit det. Twenty mixed breed male rabbit were used and randomly assigned to dets T1 (O%), T2 (20%), T3 (30%), T4 (40%) in whch sweet orange peel replaced maize at 0, 20,30 and 40%, respectively at the rate of five rabbits per dietaq group. The rabbit were fed and provided drinking water ad libitum for the 8 weeks experimental duration. Feed intake and live weights were recorded weekly for each replicate and the relative cut-up parts were also determined. Feed conversion ratio from the data as quantity of feed per unit weight gain over the same period. At the end of the trial, the animals were slaughtered by the cut-throat method and dressed to determine the dressing percentage. During slaughtering 4 mL of blood sample was collected into bijou bottles containing the anticoagulant, disodium salt of ethylene daminetetra-acetic acid at the rate of 2 mg mL -1 of blood forthe determination of Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Haemoglobin concentration (Hb) total erythrocyte count and total leucocyte count and erythrocyte osmotic fragility. The performance indices, feed intake, body weight and feeds conversion ratio was not affected significantly (p&lt;0.05) except water consumption and water feed ratio. None of the hematological parameters were significantly (p&gt;0.05) affected. The performance and hematology of rabbits fed on sweet orange were not depressed. The study has shown that sun dried sweet orange peel can be used as a replacement feedstuff for maize in the ration of grower rabbit at a level of 40%, its optimal replacement level can only be determined by evaluating its effect at hgher level of maize replacement in subsequent studes. © Medwell Journals, 2012.	Dried sweet orange (citrus sinesis) peel; Effect; Growth performance; Haematological parameters; Performance; Rabbit	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884484865	Effects of feeding locally processed blood meal diets on reproductive performance of pigs	Abonyi F.O., Omeke B.C.O.	2013	Indian Journal of Animal Research	47	4	None	Department of Animal Health and Production, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Abonyi, F.O., Department of Animal Health and Production, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Omeke, B.C.O., Department of Animal Health and Production, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Large White x Landrace crossbred primigravid pigs (n=24) were divided into four groups and randomly assigned to four diets replacing soya bean meal (SBM) at 0, 50, 75 and 100% levels with blood meal (BM). From farrowing through weaning, a lactating sow was fed 2.50 kg feed in addition to 0.20 kg per piglet farrowed. Body condition of the pigs was assessed at day 90, at term, mid lactation and weaning. Ten piglets from each group were used to evaluate the effects of the diets on the performance of their F1 offspring. There was no significant (P > 0.05) difference between different groups in mean gestation period, litter size, number of piglets weaned, litter weight, piglets' weight at mid lactation and at weaning. Pigs fed BM diets showed higher body condition score at weaning and it was most favourable in pigs where 75% SBM was replaced with BM. There was a rise in packed cell volume of the piglets as the level of BM inclusion increased. It indicated that BM can be included up to 7.5% level in the diet of gestating sows replacing SBM limited to 75%.	Body condition score; Large White x Landrace crossbreed; Nigeria; Pig diets; Swine reproduction	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84870589404	Probiotic effect of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on haematological parameters and growth performance of pullets fed palm kernel cake-based diet	Ezema C., Ihedioha O.C., Ihedioha J.I., Okorie-Kanu C.O., Kamalu T.N.	2012	Comparative Clinical Pathology	21	6	10.1007/s00580-011-1250-3	Department of Animal Health and Production, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Nigeria, N	Ezema, C., Department of Animal Health and Production, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Ihedioha, O.C., Department of Animal Health and Production, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Ihedioha, J.I., Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Okorie-Kanu, C.O., Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Kamalu, T.N., Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	This study evaluated the effect of probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on weight gain, haematological parameters and the onset of egg laying in pullets fed palm kernel cake-based diet. After brooding, 100 pullets were randomly selected and divided into four groups (A-D) of 25 birds each. Diets for groups A to C were supplemented with probiotic at varied levels of 0. 6, 0. 8 and 1. 0 g/kg of feed, respectively. Group D diet had no probiotic (control). The feed for all the groups was isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Daily feed intake was determined, and the birds were weighed weekly. At the 9th and 15th weeks of age, five birds were randomly selected from each group and about 3 ml of blood was collected from each for haematological analysis following the standard procedures. The result showed that the packed cell volume (PCV) was significantly (P < 0. 05) higher in group C (28. 78 ± 0. 061%) than the other groups. All the probiotic supplemented groups had higher total leukocyte and absolute lymphocyte count than the control. Results also showed significantly higher (P < 0. 05) weight gain among the probiotic supplemented groups compared with the control between the 6th and 10th weeks of age. The results revealed that at the point of lay (18th week) group C had higher final mean live weight (1. 48 ± 0. 02 kg/bird) than group D (unsupplemented control; 1. 40 ± 0. 09 kg/bird). Group B was the first to drop egg at the 18th week, followed by groups A and C at the 20th week, while the control started laying at the 22nd week. In conclusion, probiotic supplementation improved weight gain, increased PCV, haemoglobin concentration, total leukocyte count and absolute lymphocyte count. The probiotic also reduced time of onset of egg laying. Probiotic (S. cerevisiae) inclusion level of 1. 0 g/kg of diet was recommended for optimum pullet development. However, there is a need for further studies to determine the effect of this probiotic on hen-day performance and egg quality. © 2011 Springer-Verlag London Limited.	Haematological parameters; Palm kernel; Probiotic; Pullets; Saccharomyces cerevisiae	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84942550935	Evaluation of analytical assays efficiency to detect aflatoxin M<inf>1</inf> in milk from selected areas in Egypt and South Africa	Mwanza M., Abdel-Hadi A., Ali A.M., Egbuta M.	2015	Journal of Dairy Science	98	10	10.3168/jds.2014-9220	Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa; Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt; College of Applied Medical Sciences, Medical laboratories Department, Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt	Mwanza, M., Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa; Abdel-Hadi, A., Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Medical laboratories Department, Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia; Ali, A.M., Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt; Egbuta, M., Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa	Recently, methods to analyze aflatoxin M<inf>1</inf> (AFM<inf>1</inf>) in milk and dairy products have been developed for both screening purposes (i.e., rapid, economical, and simple methods) and for confirmation by accurate, reproducible, and sensitive quantification. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of different rapid kits and techniques available on the market by using different analytical methods: thin layer chromatography (TLC), immunoaffinity column, AFM<inf>1</inf> immunochromatographic strip, and ELISA; some samples were also submitted to HPLC for comparison of results. One hundred thirty-eight samples were collected from rural subsistence and commercial dairy farms in selected areas of Egypt and South Africa and analyzed for the presence of AFM<inf>1</inf>. The results obtained by AFM<inf>1</inf> immunochromatographic strip indicated the lowest frequency of occurrence, with a detection incidence of 20.45% in Egyptian samples and 16% in South African samples. Aflatoxin M<inf>1</inf> was detected by ELISA in 65 (73.9%) Egyptian milk samples, with a range of 8.52 to 78.06 ng/L, and in 34 (68%) South African milk samples, with a range of 5 to 120 ng/L. A higher incidence of AFM<inf>1</inf> in Egyptian milk samples was shown by TLC (81.8%) compared with ELISA (73.9%). Samples analyzed by ELISA in South African milk samples demonstrated satisfactory correlation when compared with HPLC coupled with Coring cell (an electrochemical cell for the derivatization of AFM<inf>1</inf>). Among the positive samples, 18 of the Egyptian samples (20.45%) positive by ELISA had levels of AFM<inf>1</inf> above the European Union (EU) regulatory limit (50 ng/L), whereas 65 samples (73.9%) were above the Egyptian regulatory limit (0 ng/L). Six of the South African samples (12%) tested by ELISA were above the South African (50 ng/L) and EU regulatory limits. The mean concentration of AFM<inf>1</inf> was 25.79 ng/L in Egyptian samples and 17.06 ng/L by ELISA and 39 ng/L by HPLC in South African samples. These contamination levels would not represent a serious public health hazard according to EU legislation. © 2015 American Dairy Science Association.	Aflatoxin M<inf>1</inf>; ELISA; HPLC; Milk; Thin layer chromatography	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901928798	The effect of workforce diversity on organizational performance of selected firms in Nigeria	Ogbo A.I., Anthony K.A., Ukpere W.I.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	10 SPEC. ISSUE	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n10p231	Department of Management, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria; Department of Industrial Psychology and people Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa	Ogbo, A.I., Department of Management, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria; Anthony, K.A., Department of Management, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria; Ukpere, W.I., Department of Industrial Psychology and people Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa	Workforce diversity includes the differences and similarities of the employees. Organizational performance is the extent to which the organizational objectives and goals are being achieved. Most business organizations fail in Nigeria because galvanizing diverse workforce to work as a team has been ineffective in terms of policy, training, exposure and approach to specific and overall goals. This has made profitability index difficult to measure in Nigeria. The objectives of the paper are: To determine whether workforce diversity has a positive influence on customer related issues; and to ascertain the effect of education as a tool, on the management of workforce diversity to enhance high profitability index. Findings revealed that workforce diversity has a positive effect on customer related issues in an organisation. In addition, it is found that education as a tool could be effectively utilized in managing workforce diversity to enhance high profitability. Workforce Diversity has been identified as a tool to improved organizational performance and has been as old as the first organization in Nigeria right from the barter system era of the early 1750 and at the industrial revolution and scientific management periods of 1911 to the modern epoch. A combination of the use of secondary data, oral interview, and content analysis was adopted. A spearman's rank correlation coefficient of 0.95 was obtained. Findings in line with the objectives revealed positive influence of workforce diversity on organizational performance of the selected organisations in Nigeria. Conclusion and recommendation was drawn along that regard.	Diversity; Managing; Organizational performance; Workforce	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84899459491	Effects of feeding bovine rumen content-blood meal (50:50) mixtures on performance and slaughter characteristics of growing rabbits	Ojebiyi O.O., Saliu A.S.	2014	Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences	24	2	None	Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria	Ojebiyi, O.O., Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Saliu, A.S., Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria	The synergistic effects of combining bovine rumen content-blood meal (50:50) (BRC-BM) mixtures on the performance characteristics and nutrient digestibility of growing rabbits was investigated in a 12 week feeding experiment. The mixture replaced palm kernel cake and groundnut cake of the control at 10 and 20% levels. Thirty (30) cross-bred growing rabbits with average initial weights of 521.3-524.5 ±85.10 g were divided into three treatment groups of ten (10) rabbits each. Each rabbit served as a replicate in a complete randomized design experiment. The three groups were assigned to the three dietary treatments as T1 (control) - 0% Rumen content/ blood meal mixture (50:50), T2 (RB 10)- 10% Rumen content/ blood meal mixture (50:50) and T3 (RB 20) -20% Rumen content/ blood meal mixture (50:50). The final weight of rabbits on RB10 (1916g) was higher (P<0.05) compared with the control (1715g) and RB20 (1700.g) treatments. Similarly the average daily weight gain of rabbits on RB10 (16.2) was higher (P<0.05) compared with the control (11.8g) and RB20 (12.4g). The average daily feed intake of rabbits in RB10 and RB 20 (87.29g) and (85.50g) respectively was higher (P<0.05) compared to the control (82.84g). The cost per kg gain was lower (P<0.05) in the RB10 compared with control and RB20 treatments. The digestibility of nutrients was not affected (P>0.05) by the dietary treatment. The dressing percentage, relative heart and spleen weights were not affected (P>0.05) by the dietary treatments; however, liver, lungs and kidney were affected (P<0.05). The relative kidney weights of rabbits on control diet 0.43 was lower (p<0.05) than 0.49 and 0.62 for RB10 and RB20 respectively. In a similar pattern the liver weights increased (p<0.05) as the level of inclusion increases. The relative lung weights of rabbits in RB10 (0.59) and RB20 (0.60) are similar (P>0.05) but higher (p<0.05) than 0.45 of the control. Experiment concluded that bovine rumen content-blood meal mixtures (BRC-BM) can replace 10% of palm kernel cake and groundnut cake in growing rabbit diets without adverse effect on growth performance, reduce the production cost and environmental pollution and the attendant impact on climate.	Bovine rumen-blood content; Digestibility; Final weights; Growing rabbits; Organ weights	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953767099	Effect of dietary inclusion of Discarded Beetroot and Potato Hash Silage on growth performance and digestibility in South African Dorper lambs	Nkosi B.D., Ratsaka M.M.	2010	Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances	9	4	10.3923/javaa.2010.853.856	Department of Animal Nutrition, ARC-LBD, Animal Production Institute, South Africa	Nkosi, B.D., Department of Animal Nutrition, ARC-LBD, Animal Production Institute, South Africa; Ratsaka, M.M., Department of Animal Nutrition, ARC-LBD, Animal Production Institute, South Africa	Experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary inclusion of Discarded Beetroot (DB) and Potato Hash Silage (PHS) on the growth performance of South African Dorper lambs. Potato hash silage was produced in 210/drums for 3 months and its fermentation characteristics were determined. Diets that contained no agro-industrial by-product (T,), DB (T2) or DB in combination with PHS (T3) were formulated and fed to 24 lambs of 24.5±0.275 kg body weight (8 per treatment). The PHS was poorly fermented as indicated by lower concentrations of lactic acid, higher butyric and ammonia-N. Higher (p<0.05) Dry Matter Intake (DM!) was obtained in 1l diet compared to the others. Lambs on diet T3 had lower (p<0.05) ADG than those fed the other diets. Improved (p<0.05) digestibility of CP was obtained in T1 and T2. It was concluded that dietary addition of poorly fermented potato hash silage resulted in lower ADG. Further research on the effect of dietary inclusion of high quality potato hash silage on ruminant performance is needed. © Medwell Journals, 2010.	Agro-industrial by-products; Discarded beetroot; Fermentation; Lambs; Potato hash	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941748654	Interaction effect of whole wheat feeding and mannanoligosaccharides supplementation on growth performance, haematological indices and caecal microbiota of cockerel chicks	Oso A.O., Erinle O.Y., William G.A., Ogunade A.C.	2015	Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition	99	5	10.1111/jpn.12314	Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Livestock Production, Federal University of Agriculture, Nigeria	Oso, A.O., Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Livestock Production, Federal University of Agriculture, Nigeria; Erinle, O.Y., Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Livestock Production, Federal University of Agriculture, Nigeria; William, G.A., Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Livestock Production, Federal University of Agriculture, Nigeria; Ogunade, A.C., Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Livestock Production, Federal University of Agriculture, Nigeria	The interaction effect of whole wheat feeding and mannanoligosaccharides supplementation on growth performance, haematological indices and caecal microbiota of cockerel chicks were investigated using 250-day-old cockerel chicks previously reared for 7 days pre-experimental period. Birds were fed with commercial chick mash during the pre-experimental period. At the expiration of this period, 192 chicks were selected on weight equalization basis and assigned into 24 pens. Each treatment consisted of six pens, while each pen housed eight birds. Four wheat-soya bean-based experimental diets were formulated in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of diets having two wheat forms (ground and whole wheat grain) each supplemented or not with 1 g/kg MOS/kg feed. Whole wheat feeding (irrespective of MOS supplementation) showed reduced (p < 0.05) feed intake. Birds fed whole wheat diet supplemented with MOS recorded the highest (p < 0.01) final live weight, weight gain and the best (p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio. Haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume and red blood cell count of the chicks were not affected (p > 0.05) by dietary treatment. However, dietary supplementation with MOS resulted in increased (p < 0.05) WBC counts. The caecum content of chicks fed with MOS-supplemented whole wheat diets recorded the least (p < 0.01) salmonella counts. In conclusion, combination of whole wheat feeding and MOS supplementation showed improved growth performance, gut microbiota and indications of improved health status of cockerel chicks. © 2015 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.	Caecal microbiota; Cockerel chicks; Haematological indices; Mannanoligosaccharides; Whole wheat feeding	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897585708	Genetic parameters and factors affecting reproductive performance of White Fulani cattle in southwestern, Nigeria	Olawumi S.O., Salako A.E.	2010	Global Veterinaria	5	5	None	Department of Animal Production and Health Sciences, University of Ado-Ekiti, P.M.B. 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Olawumi, S.O., Department of Animal Production and Health Sciences, University of Ado-Ekiti, P.M.B. 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Salako, A.E., Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	This study was carried out to determine the effects of sex of calf, age of cow and season of calving on calf birth weight in a herd of White Fulani cattle. The breed is dual purpose and trypano-toleramt. Data on 148 calves comprising of 66 males and 82 females were taken into account in this analysis. Average birth weight recorded for the calves was 23.82kg. Sex of calves significantly (P<0.05) influenced birth weight with male calves having superior values than females. The mean values were 24.54±0.51 and 23.19±0.48kg for males and females, respectively. Season of calving and age of cow had no significant effect on birth weight. Low repeatability estimate (R=0.28±0.01) was reported for birth weight in this herd. This implies that more records will be required per cow before any culling could be done in order to improve the herd's future performance. © IDOSI Publications, 2010.	Birth; Calf; Repeatability; Season; Sex	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84885607330	Feed restriction and realimentation on performance and carcass characteristics of growing rabbits in a humid environment	Adeyemi O.A., Ajeboriogbon O.O., Aderinoye S.A.	2013	Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science	36	3	None	Department of Animal Production and Health, College of Animal Science and Livestock Production, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2240 Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	Adeyemi, O.A., Department of Animal Production and Health, College of Animal Science and Livestock Production, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2240 Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Ajeboriogbon, O.O., Department of Animal Production and Health, College of Animal Science and Livestock Production, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2240 Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Aderinoye, S.A., Department of Animal Production and Health, College of Animal Science and Livestock Production, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2240 Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	The effects of feed restriction for three weeks followed by a four-week realimentation on performance and carcass characteristics were investigated in growing rabbits in a derived savannah vegetation zone of South West Nigeria. Thirty (30) growing rabbits of mixed breeds and sexes with an average weight range of 750 - 800g were randomly distributedinto five restriction regimes which served as the study treatments. The rabbits were divided into five groups of six rabbits each. Each treatment was replicated three times with two rabbits per replicate. The experiment was carried out using the completely randomized design (CRD). The rabbits in Treatment 1 (T1) (control) were fed ad libitum, whereas those in Treatment 2 (T2) and Treatment 3 (T3) were restricted to 80% and 60% of ad libitum respectively throughout the 7-week study period. Meanwhile, the rabbits in Treatment 4 (T4) were restricted to 80% of ad libitum for three weeks and later fed ad libitum for the remaining three weeks, whereas those in Treatment 5 (T5) were restricted to 60% of ad libitum for three weeks and later fed ad libitum for the remaining four weeks. The trial lasted for 7 weeks after which the rabbits were starved overnight and slaughtered. Weight gain over the entire period, average daily gain and average daily feed intake over the 49 days of experimental period were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the feeding regime employed. The least average daily weight gain over the entire period of the experiment was observed on the rabbits subjected to 60% of ad libitum feeding throughout the experimental duration. The rabbits in Treatment 4 (which were restricted to 80% of ad libitum feeding for 3 weeks followed by 4 weeks of ad libitum feeding showed a consistent similarity in performance with the rabbits on ad libitum feeding (Control). Feed restriction regimes significantly influenced (P<0.05) dressed weight and dressing out percentage (DOP); however, there were no effects (P>0.05) on the forelimb, loin, hind limb and thoracic cage weights of the rabbit carcasses. In terms of overall performance, the rabbits in Treatment 4, however, required less feed to gain a unit weight as compared to the rabbits in other treatments. Based on the findings of this study, it was concluded that feed restriction did not significantly influence carcass yield and relative organs investigated. It is recommended that growing rabbits can be subjected to a three-week feed restriction of not more than 20% provided at least four weeks of ad libitum feeding is allowed for compensatory growth. © Universiti Putra Malaysia Press.	Carcass characteristics; Feed restriction; Performance; Rabbits; Realimentation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84922553428	Effect of feed restriction and ascorbic acid supplementation on growth performance, rectal temperature and respiratory rate of broiler chicken	Olukomaiya O.O., Adeyemi O.A., Sogunle O.M., Abioja M.O., Ogunsola I.A.	2015	Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences	25	1	None	Department of Animal Production and Health, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Department of Animal Nutrition, Federal University of Agriculture, Abe	Olukomaiya, O.O., Department of Animal Production and Health, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Adeyemi, O.A., Department of Animal Production and Health, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Sogunle, O.M., Department of Animal Production and Health, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Abioja, M.O., Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Ogunsola, I.A., Department of Animal Nutrition, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria	A total of 252 two-week old Marshall broiler chickens were used in a 4 x 3 factorial experiment to determine the effect of feed restriction and ascorbic acid supplementation on growth performance, rectal temperature and respiratory rate of broiler chickens. The birds were weighed and randomly allotted to 12 treatments with 3 replicates of 7 birds each, subjected to 4 feed restriction levels: full feeding (AD), skip a day feeding (SAD), skip two days feeding (S2D) and skip three days feeding every week (S3D) for 24 hours from 15th to 35th day of age and 3 levels of ascorbic acid supplementation (0, 150, 300 mg/kg feed). Feed was provided ad libitum from days 36 to 56. Ascorbic acid supplementation had no effect (p>0.05) on the performance parameters measured during feed restriction. Birds on S3D fed diets containing 300 mg/kg ascorbic acid had the highest (p<0.05) weight gain during realimentation. Ascorbic acid lowered the rectal temperature in birds on S2D and S3D at the end of feed restriction. At the end of realimentation, birds on S3D fed diets containing 150 mg/kg ascorbic acid had the lowest (p<0.05) respiratory rate. Ascorbic acid supplementation at 150 mg/kg feed enhanced weight gain, rectal temperature and respiratory rate of broiler chickens on skip three days feeding every week. © 2015, Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum. All rights reserved.	Ascorbic acid; Broiler performance; Feed restriction; Rectal temperature; Respiratory rate	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-83455236158	Evaluation of West African dwarf goat for some qualitative traits in Southwestern Nigeria	Adebayo J.O., Chineke C.A.	2011	African Journal of Agricultural Research	6	28	10.5897/AJAR09.299	Department of Animal Production and Health, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria	Adebayo, J.O., Department of Animal Production and Health, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Chineke, C.A., Department of Animal Production and Health, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria	Two hundred West African Dwarf (WAD) goats aged 1 to 6 years were examined during a ten months period, from October 2003 to July 2004 in randomly selected locations within Southwestern zone of Nigeria. Qualitative traits namely coat colour, polled trait, presence or absence of teat, wattle and beard were examined and described in all the experimental animals. Black colour observed in 54% of the animals predominated while brown and mixed colours accounted for 16 and 30% of all the animals respectively. All goats studied irrespective of sex were horned. The goats had a pair of teat each except eight goats with supernumerary teats. Possession of beard was common in all bucks observed, but 8.5% of the females had beard. About 36.5% of all the WAD goats examined possessed wattle. The phenotypic frequency of wattle and beard in WAD population was 0.37 and 0.21 respectively. © 2011 Academic Journals.	Frequencies; Management; Qualitative traits; West African dwarf (WAD) goat	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77950115930	Maize-sorghum based brewery by-product as an energy substitute in broiler starter: Effect on performance, carcass characteristics, organs and muscle growth	Fasuyi A.O.	2005	International Journal of Poultry Science	4	5	10.3923/ijps.2005.334.338	Department of Animal Production and Health, University of Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria	Fasuyi, A.O., Department of Animal Production and Health, University of Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria	Maize-Sorghum brewers' dried grains (MSBDG) is a by-product of beer production. Proximate composition studies were conducted as a prelude to MSBDG incorporation in broiler starter diet. Four broiler starter diets were formulated such that MSBDG were fed at 0, 10, 20 and 30% inclusion levels at the expense of maize. A batch of 240 starter-chicks was randomly assigned in triplicate to these dietary treatments. Each diet was fed to 60 birds/treatment from day old for 35 days. The final weight, average weight and Nitrogen retention of the chicks fed MSBDG at 10% and 20% dietary levels were similar to those fed the control diet; both being significantly (P = 0.05) higher that those fed diet 4 (30% dietary inclusion). The weight gain, average feed consumption as well as feed efficiency declined in diet 4 (at 30% inclusion level). At the end of the feeding trial, the chicks were sacrificed for carcass characteristics, relative organ and muscle measurements. The relative weights of the heart and belly fat were significantly (P < 0.05) influenced by dietary treatments. Among the muscles weighed, only the relative weight of Pectorialis thoracicus was significantly (P < 0.05) influenced. The weight of P. thoracicus was highest in chicks fed diet 2 (10% MSBDG inclusion level). It was concluded that MSBDG can act as an energy substitute for maize at inclusion levels of about 20% in broiler starter diets without any adverse effect on performance, carcass characteristics and muscle development in broiler chicks. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2005.	Beer production; Carcass characteristics; Maize-sorghum brewers' dried grains	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33645788415	Protein replacement value of Cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) leaf protein concentrate (CLPC) in broiler starter: Effect on performance, muscle growth, haematology and serum metabolites	Fasuyi A.O., Aletor V.A.	2005	International Journal of Poultry Science	4	5	10.3923/ijps.2005.339.349	Department of Animal Production and Health, University of Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria; Division of Nutritional Biochemistry, Department of Animal Production and Health, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria	Fasuyi, A.O., Department of Animal Production and Health, University of Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria; Aletor, V.A., Division of Nutritional Biochemistry, Department of Animal Production and Health, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria	Cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) leaf protein concentrate (CLPC) was used to replace a known and conventional source of protein in broiler starter diets 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 at 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% respectively. The reference diet 1 was one where fish meal was the major source in the diet without CLPC. The inclusion level of CLPC was 1.61, 3.22, 4.82, 6.43 and 8.04 respectively for diets 2 to 6. A batch of 120 starter chicks was randomly assigned in triplicate to these dietary treatments (i.e. chicks/treatment). The final weight and average weight gain of diet 1 (0% FM replacement) was significantly higher than others (P &lt; 0.05) even when the average feed consumption was similar for diets 1, 2, 3 and 4. The feed efficiency (FE) for diets 1 and 2 was also similar (P = 0.05). The nitrogen retention for diets 1, 2 and 4 was similar (P = 0.05). Diets 2, 3 and 4 also had similar values (P = 0.05). The dressed weight of chicks in diets 2 and 6 was similar (P = 0.05) while that of diets 5 and 6 was also similar (P = 0.05). Except for kidney, pancreas and lungs, all other organs measured showed similar values (P = 0.05). The weight of inner chest muscle (supra coracoideus) of birds on diets 1, 2, 3 and 4 were similar (P = 0.05). The weight of outer chest muscle (Pectorialis thoracicus) and thigh muscles (Gastrocnemius) were similar (P = 0.05) with diet 5 (80% FM replacement with CLPC) having the longest inner chest muscle length of 20.7±4.3cmkg-1. Except for red blood cell (RBC) and mean cell volume (MCV), all other parameters measured were similar (P = 0.05). The values of total serum protein, albumin, globulin and albumin/globulin ratio were similar (P = 0.05). Also the values for liver protein, albumin, globulin and liver albumin/globulin ratio were similar (P = 0.05). It was concluded that CLPC as a replacement for FM as a protein source had no deleterious effect up till 60%. However, several parameters investigated strongly support a realistic replacement of 40% FM with CLPC in practical diets. Performance can still be enhanced with supplementation of essential amino acids (EAAs). © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2005.	Cassava leaf protein concentrate; Pectorialis thoracicus; Reference diet	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84950107048	Evaluation of feed quantity offered, feeding frequency and duration of feeding on the performance of growing pigs	Njoku C.P., Aina A.B.J., Sogunle O.M., Adeyemi O.A., Oduguwa O.O.	2013	Thai Journal of Agricultural Science	46	3	None	Department of Animal Production and Health, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria	Njoku, C.P., Department of Animal Production and Health, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Aina, A.B.J., Department of Animal Production and Health, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Sogunle, O.M., Department of Animal Production and Health, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Adeyemi, O.A., Department of Animal Production and Health, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Oduguwa, O.O., Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria	Tremendous progress has been recorded in pig nutrition in the last three decades. However, there is dearth of information with respect to the various methods of feed management practices in pig production. Hence, a 3×3×2 factorial experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of feed quantity offered (1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 kg), feeding frequency (one, two and three times per day) and feeding duration (3 and 5 months) on the growth performance of growing pigs. A total of forty-five eight-week weaner Large White male pigs were randomly assigned to three main treatments with each treatment consisting of three replicates of five pigs each. The experimental animals were housed in individual pens with concrete floor size of 2 m by 1 m equipped with feeding and watering troughs. Feeding was carried out at 07:00, 12:00 and 17:00 hours each day depending on the feeding frequency. Weekly data were collected on dry matter intake, change in body weight, water consumption rate, pulse rate, rectal temperature, frequency and quantity of faecal excretion. Terminal carcass evaluation was carried out at the 3rd and 5th months. Data obtained were subjected to 3-way analysis of variance. Performance response (final live weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio) increased significantly (P&lt;0.05) with increase in the quantity of feed offered from treatment 1 to treatment 3, while water intake and feed cost per weight gain decreased significantly (P&lt;0.05) from 4.80 to 3.59 L pig-1 day-1 and $0.87 to $0.63, respectively with increase in quantity of feed offered. Feed intake, water intake, feed cost and frequency of faecal excretion increased significantly (P&lt;0.05) with increased feeding frequency while rectal temperature decreased significantly (P&lt;0.05) from 39.02 to 38.62°C with increased feeding frequency. The interaction among the quantity of feed offered, feeding frequency and feeding duration showed that growing pigs fed 2.5 kg pig-1 day-1 thrice per day for 3 months performed better in terms of growth. So, the productivity of pigs should not be based on a single factor of feed management but on interaction among these factors (feed quantity, frequency of feeding and feeding duration).	Duration; Frequency; Performance; Pig; Quantity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874708260	Effect of supplementary protein source on the performance of indigenous meat goats fed guinea grass hay	Kato H.W., Kabi F., Mutetikka D.	2013	Livestock Research for Rural Development	25	2	None	Department of Animal Production and Range Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment Gulu University, P.O.Bo x 166, Gulu, Uganda; Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agriculture, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda	Kato, H.W., Department of Animal Production and Range Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment Gulu University, P.O.Bo x 166, Gulu, Uganda; Kabi, F., Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agriculture, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Mutetikka, D., Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agriculture, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda	The effect of different supplementary protein sources on average body weight gain, feed intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and feed conversion was studied using twenty-four yearling Mubende goats. The animals, which averaged 15.4±2.1 kg, were assigned to four treatment diets in a randomized complete block design. The basal diet consisted of guinea grass hay fed together with 200g of maize bran/mineral mixture. The four protein supplements included lablab hay (LBLB), sweet potato vines (SPV), cassava leaf meal (CLM) and sunflower meal (SFM). The protein supplements supplied 10g N daily for a feeding period of 100 days. Thereafter, all male goats were transferred to metabolic cages for a nitrogen balance trial. Cassava leaf meal supported better growth and feed conversion and higher N retention compared with Lablab hay, sweet potato vines and sunflower seed meal.	Average daily gain; Cassava leaf meal; Dry matter intake; Feed conversion ratio; Lablab hay; Mubende goats; Nitrogen balance; Sunflower meal; Sweet potato vines	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941175383	Nutrient intake, digestibility and growth performance of Washera lambs supplemented with graded levels of sweet blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) seed	Ephrem N., Tegegne F., Mekuriaw Y., Yeheyis L.	2015	Small Ruminant Research	130	None	10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.07.019	Department of Animal Production and Technology, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Arid Land Research Centre, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, Japan; Amhara Region Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 527, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia	Ephrem, N., Department of Animal Production and Technology, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Tegegne, F., Department of Animal Production and Technology, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, Arid Land Research Centre, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, Japan; Mekuriaw, Y., Department of Animal Production and Technology, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Yeheyis, L., Amhara Region Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 527, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia	The experiment was conducted to evaluate nutrient intake, digestibility and growth performance of Washera lambs fed natural pasture hay-based diet supplemented with graded levels of sweet blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) seed. Twenty male intact Washera lambs with average age of four months and initial body weight of 16.9±0.32kg (mean±SD) were used in 90 days feeding trial followed by 10 days digestibility trial. The design of the experiment was randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five replications. The four supplement feeds were;150g wheat bran (WB) (control-T<inf>1</inf>), 150g WB+195g sweet lupin seed (SLS) (T<inf>2</inf>), 150g WB+245g SLS (T<inf>3</inf>) and 150g WB and 295g SLS (T<inf>4</inf>). Natural pasture hay was offered ad libitum. Digestibility trial was conducted at the end of the growth trial. Data were analyzed using the General Linear Model (GLM) procedures of SAS (version 9.2). Means were separated using Duncan's Multiple Range test. Correlation between nutrient intake, digestibility of nutrients and weight gain were analyzed using Pearson correlation procedure. Results showed that supplementation of SLS significantly increased total dry matter, crude protein and organic matter intakes. Supplementation of SLS improved the digestibility of dry matter and organic matter (P<0.05) and crude protein (P<0.001). However, the digestibility of NDF and ADF were not affected by supplementation (P 0.05). Average daily gain (ADG) was higher (P<0.001) for the SLS supplemented groups (61.8-89.1g/day). It was concluded that sweet blue lupin seed could serve as alternative CP supplement in natural pasture hay-based feeding of Washera sheep. Based on the biological performance of the experimental lambs (ADG and FCE values), T<inf>3</inf> could be recommended for practical feeding of lambs if optimum performance is targeted. © 2015 Elsevier B.V..	Digestibility; Dryland; Ethiopia; Grass hay; Nutrient intake; Sweet blue lupin; Washera sheep; Weight change	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940705892	Milk production performance of Holstein Friesian dairy cows at Holetta Bull Dam Farm, Ethiopia	Ayalew W., Aliy M., Negussie E.	2015	Livestock Research for Rural Development	27	9	None	Department of Animal Production and Technology, Wolkite University, P.O.Box 07, Wolkite, Ethiopia; Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, P.O.Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia; LUKE Natural Resources Institute Finland, Helsinki, Finland	Ayalew, W., Department of Animal Production and Technology, Wolkite University, P.O.Box 07, Wolkite, Ethiopia; Aliy, M., Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, P.O.Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia; Negussie, E., LUKE Natural Resources Institute Finland, Helsinki, Finland	The study was carried out at Holetta Bull Dam farm to assess the effects of non genetic factors on milk production traits of Holstein Friesian dairy cattle. Records compiled from 1981 to 2013 were used as original data of production traits like 305 days milk yield (n=3538), total lactation milk yield (n=3706) and lactation length (n=2923) of the Holstein Friesian herd in Ethiopian management and environmental situation. Effects of period, sire origin, season and parity on milk yield traits were evaluated. The data were analyzed using general linear models. Result of the non-genetic factors revealed that period of calving, parity and sire origin had significant (p<0.001) effect and were the main causes of variation in milk production traits. Season of calving had no significant effect on milk production traits except on LL. The overall least squares means of LMY and LL were: 3689±45.0 kg, 3604±38.4 kg, and 319±1.91 days, respectively. Generally the productive performance of cows reported in this study was lower than the performance reported in many tropical regions and its expected genetic potential in their countries of their origins. Therefore, improving herd management, breeding practices, as well asconsidering genotype-environmental interactions during importation of breeding sire and heifer is very essential for full exploitation of exotic dairy cattle genetic potential in Ethiopia. © 2015 Fundacion CIPAV. All rights reserved.	Genetic factors; Genotype-environmental interactions; Origin of sire	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867769686	Effect of crayfish waste meal on performance characteristics and nutrient retention of broiler finishers	Asafa A.R., Ologhobo A.D., Adejumo I.O.	2012	International Journal of Poultry Science	11	8	None	Department of Animal Production Technology, Lagos State Polytechnic, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Animal Science, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria	Asafa, A.R., Department of Animal Production Technology, Lagos State Polytechnic, Lagos, Nigeria; Ologhobo, A.D., Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Adejumo, I.O., Department of Animal Science, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria	The study investigated the effect of crayfish waste meal on the performance characteristics and nutrient retention in broiler finisher. 150 one day old chicks were used for the study which lasted for 9 weeks. The result of the study showed that the average dry matter intake ranged from 1918.96 g in broiler chicken fed diet IV (25%FM:75%CWM) to 2141.60g in diet V (100% CWM) chickens. There was no significant differences (p>0.05) between treatment means. Birds fed the control diet (100%FM) recorded the highest gain (787.30 g) followed by those fed diet III (50%FM; 50%CWM) while the least gain (679.00 g) was by diet V (100%CWM) chickens. No significant (p>0.05) difference was observed between the treatment means. The feed conversion ratio was best (2.48) with chickens fed the control diet (100%FM) and progressively decreased with diet V (100%CWM) chickens recording the least (3.19). There was, however, no significant (p>0.05) difference between treatment means. Protein efficiency ratio followed similar trend with the feed conversion ratio. Diet I (100%FM) chickens had the highest value (2.09) followed by diet II (25%FM; 75%CWM) while those fed diet V (100%CWM) was the least (1.64). © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2012.	Broiler; Crayfish waste; Finishers; Meal; Nutrient; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84906776187	Evaluation of the nutritive value of sorghum variety ICSV400 in broiler diets	Jamaa N.A., Abubakar M.M., Oyawoye E.O.	2014	International Journal of Poultry Science	13	6	None	Department of Animal Production, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi State, Nigeria	Jamaa, N.A., Department of Animal Production, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi State, Nigeria; Abubakar, M.M., Department of Animal Production, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi State, Nigeria; Oyawoye, E.O., Department of Animal Production, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi State, Nigeria	An experiment was conducted to evaluate the nutritive value of sorghum variety ICSV400 as a replacement for maize in broiler diets. Five diets were formulated for both the starter and finisher phases, in which the sorghum variety ICSV400 was included at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% replacement levels and the diets designated as treatments T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively. Sorghum variety ICSV400 was used to replace maize as a dietary energy source. Two hundred day old Anak 2000 broiler chicks were allotted to the five treatments in a completely randomized design. Each of the five treatments was replicated four times, with ten birds per replicate. At the starter phase, birds on T1 consumed significantly (p<0.01) less feed (61.63 g) than birds on T5 (74.35 g), T2 (73.98 g) and T4 (71.85 g), similar to those on T3 (67.07 g). Daily weight gain (24.02-33.04 g) and feed conversion ratio (2.26-2.83) were not significantly affected by dietary treatments. The finisher and pooled phases no significant differences between treatments were observed for all the parameters analyzed. Carcass parameters were not affected by dietary treatments but small intestine weight tended to decrease with increasing level of sorghum. Feed cost in N/kg gain tended to be lower (N166.90) in diet 4 (75% sorghum) and higher (N 213.58) in diet 3 (50% sorghum). It was concluded therefore that sorghum variety ICSV400 can completely replace maize in broiler diets without adverse effects on the general performance of the birds. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2014.	Broiler chicks; Maize; Performance; Sorghum variety ICSV400	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84877987870	Growth performance and carcass yield of broiler finishers fed diets having partially or wholly withdrawn fish meal	Yisa A.G., Edache J.A., Udokainyang A.D., Iloama C.N.	2013	International Journal of Poultry Science	12	2	None	Department of Animal Production, Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria	Yisa, A.G., Department of Animal Production, Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria; Edache, J.A., Department of Animal Production, Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria; Udokainyang, A.D., Department of Animal Production, Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria; Iloama, C.N., Department of Animal Production, Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria	A four-week study was conducted to investigate the effect of partially or completely withdrawing fish meal from broiler finisher diets on growth performance and carcass yield. In a completely randomized design, ninety six (96) four-week-old Marshall Breed of broilers were allotted to four dietary treatments having 0, 50, 75 and 100% of their fishmeal content withdrawn. Each dietary treatment had 24 birds with 3 replicates of 8 birds. Results show that initial weights, final weights, average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio and feed cost per kilogram gain were not negatively affected (P>0.05) by levels of fish meal withdrawal. Dressing percentages were also not significantly different (P>0.05) between treatment means. However, the percent carcass cut-up parts of breast, wings, thighs and drumsticks to live weight of birds fed diets with fish meal totally withdrawn were significantly less (P<0.05) than those of birds fed diets containing fish meal. From this study, it can be concluded that withdrawing fish meal from broiler finisher diets may not have any adverse effect on their growth performance provided protein is obtained from non-animal sources. However, total withdrawal of fish meal negatively affects optimum development of the cut-up parts and as such 0.5-1% fish meal may be included in broiler finisher diets for full development of carcass components. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2013.	Carcass yield; Fish meal; Growth performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78650476281	Evaluation of Detarium microcarpum pulp meal as feed ingredient in the diets of growing rabbits	Obun C.O., Yahaya S.M., Kibon A.A., Olafadehan O.A., Alison S.D.	2010	Journal of Applied Sciences Research	6	11	None	Department of Animal Production, Federal College of Wildlife Management, P.M.B.268, New Bussa, Niger State, Nigeria; Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 2076, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria; Department of Animal Science, University of Maiduguri, Borno	Obun, C.O., Department of Animal Production, Federal College of Wildlife Management, P.M.B.268, New Bussa, Niger State, Nigeria; Yahaya, S.M., Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 2076, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria; Kibon, A.A., Department of Animal Science, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria; Olafadehan, O.A., Department of Animal Science, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria; Alison, S.D., Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 2076, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria	A 12-week study was conducted to investigate response of growing rabbits to diets containing graded levels, 0, 5, 10 and 15%, of dietary Detarium microcarpum fruit pulp meal (DFPM) as replacement for maize. Twenty-four, 5-week-old mixed breed grower rabbits divided into 4 groups of 6 rabbits were randomly assigned to the four dietary treatments in a completely randomized design. The result of the phytochemical assay shows that DFPM contained low level of tannins (0.023%), whereas saponins, phytate, oxalates and hydrogen cyanide were not detected. Feed intake was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in 15% DFPM than in the control diet. Daily weight gains, nutrient intake, protein to gain ratio and feed conversion ratio were not (P > 0.05) influenced by the dietary treatments. Similarly, nutrient digestibility was similar (P > 0.05) among the treatments. Cost of feeding and feed cost per kg body weight gain (BWG) decreased (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of DFPM in the diets. Cost differential per kg BWG, savings of feed cost and relative cost benefit per kg BWG significantly (P < 0.05) varied among the diets; the rank order is: 15% > 10% > 5% > 0% DFPM. The impressive performance, nutrient digestibility and comparative cost advantage of rabbits fed DFPM suggests that DFPM is an economically viable alternative basal feedstuff to maize and can be used up to 15% or replace 37.5% of maize in the diets of growing rabbits. © 2010, INSInet Publication.	Cost effectiveness; Detarium microcarpum; Digestibility; Performance; Rabbits; Tannins	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33845797149	Performance and egg quality characteristics of pullets fed activated sheabutter charcoal based diets	Ayanwale B.A., Lanko A.G., Kudu Y.S.	2006	International Journal of Poultry Science	5	10	None	Department of Animal Production, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria; Niger State Ministry of Agriculture, Veterinary Services Division, Bosso, Minna, Nigeria	Ayanwale, B.A., Department of Animal Production, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria; Lanko, A.G., Niger State Ministry of Agriculture, Veterinary Services Division, Bosso, Minna, Nigeria; Kudu, Y.S., Department of Animal Production, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria	An experiment was conducted to investigate the growth performance, nutrient utilization, egg quality characteristics and cost-benefit values of feeding different levels activated sheabutter tree charcoal to laying pullets. Five experimental diets supplemented with activated sheabutter charcoal were formulated to contain 0.0 (control), 10.0, 20.0, 30.0 and 40.0% levels of the charcoal. A total of 150 day-old pullets were used for the study and were fed the diets till they were 22 weeks of age. The results showed no beneficial effect of feeding activated sheabutter charcoal to pullets up to 15 weeks of age as there were no significant (p>0.05) differences in the performance parameters measured up to this stage. At the laying stage, activated sheabutter charcoal significantly (p<0.05) improved egg weight from (48 ± 3.01) in the control to (54.86 ± 3.01) in 40.0% charcoal level. Percent cracked eggs also reduced significantly (p<0.05) from 15.33% (control) to 0.20% in 40.0% activated sheabutter charcoal level. No significant (p>0.05) effect of activated sheabutter charcoal was observed on the internal egg quality parameters measured. The pullets fed activated charcoal had higher economic returns than the control. The results were attributed to increased mineral intake and utilization enhanced by charcoal supplementation and also improved absorption capacity of charcoal for dietary fat. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2006.	Cost-benefit; Egg quality; Sheabutter tree charcoal	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879524493	The effect of brewers dried grains supplemented by enzyme on performance of Isa-Brown laying hens [Utjecaj sušenoga pivskoga ječma s dodatkom enzima na produktivnost Isa-Brown nesilica]	Olajide R., Akinsoyinu A.O., Iyayi E.A., Afolabi K.D.	2013	Poljoprivreda	19	1	None	Department of Animal Science and Production, Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, P.M.B, 5006, Ilesa, Osun State, Nigeria; Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Olajide, R., Department of Animal Science and Production, Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, P.M.B, 5006, Ilesa, Osun State, Nigeria; Akinsoyinu, A.O., Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Iyayi, E.A., Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Afolabi, K.D., Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	This study investigated the effect of dietary inclusion of Brewers Dried Grains (BDG) supplemented with Grandizyme® enzyme as a partial substitute for maize in layers diets. One hundred and twenty Isa-Brown laying hens were randomly allotted to three diets formulated with 0 (control), 10% and 20% BDG, and fed for 12 weeks. There were 4 replicates of 10 birds each in a dietary treatment. Feed intake, hen day production and net profit generated from the sales of eggs were significantly (p<0.05) highest for diet 3. Cost of feed /kg significantly (p<0.05) reduced from N{strok}35.50 (€0.17) for diet 1 to N{strok}33.69 (€0.16) and N{strok}31.38 (€0.15) respectively for diets 2 and 3. Substitution of maize with 20% BDG supplemented with Grandizyme® enzyme resulted in better performance and gave a higher net profit compared with other treatments; and could be adopted to alleviate the problem of high cost of maize.	Brewers dried grains; Enzyme supplementation; Laying hen; Performance; Profitability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33845335195	Effect of β-xylanase supplementation of boiled castor seed meal-based diets on the performance, nutrient absorbability and some blood constituents of pullet chicks	Babalola T.O.O., Apata D.F., Atteh J.O.	2006	Tropical Science	46	4	10.1002/ts.181	Department of Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	Babalola, T.O.O., Department of Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Apata, D.F., Department of Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Atteh, J.O., Department of Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	β-xylanase addition improved apparent nitrogen and fibre absorption as well as feed transit time. Up to 150 g kg-1 boiled castor seed meal could be incorporated into pullet chick diets without any adverse effect on growth performance or blood constituents. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.	β-xylanase; Blood constituents; Castor seed meal; Growth; Nutrient absorbability; Pullet chicks	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33845346476	Evaluation of cowpea accessions for the Southern Guinea savannah	Awopetu J.A., Aliyu O.M.	2006	Tropical Science	46	4	10.1002/ts.183	Department of Crop Production, University of Florin, Nigeria; Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, PMB 5244, Ibadan, Nigeria	Awopetu, J.A., Department of Crop Production, University of Florin, Nigeria; Aliyu, O.M., Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, PMB 5244, Ibadan, Nigeria	Twenty-five accessions of cowpea of different origin were evaluated in Ilorin, in the Southern Guinea savannah of Nigeria. They showed variable adaptation in terms of flowering time, leaves at flowering, pattern of branching, yield capabilities and time of maturity. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.	Adaptation; Breeding; Cowpea accessions; Savannah ecology	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893709135	Epidemiology, public health impact and control methods of the most neglected parasite diseases in Ethiopia: A review	Dawit G., Shishay K.	2014	World Journal of Medical Sciences	10	2	10.5829/idosi.wjms.2014.10.2.81231	Department of Animal Science and Eco-tourism Management, Aksum University, Shire, Ethiopia	Dawit, G., Department of Animal Science and Eco-tourism Management, Aksum University, Shire, Ethiopia; Shishay, K., Department of Animal Science and Eco-tourism Management, Aksum University, Shire, Ethiopia	Toxoplasmosis, leishmaniasis and hydatidosis are the most neglected, an important public health problem and of economic importance, affecting largely the poorest of the poor, mainly in developing countries. Toxoplasmosis is a problematic zoonosis, particularly in vulnerable groups such as pregnant women and immunodeficient patients. Toxoplasma gondii was first isolated in the early 1900s from an African rodent (i.e. Ctenodactylus gundi). Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, infecting humans and almost all warm-blooded animals. Toxoplasmosis is the most common disease complication, next to tuberculosis, among HIV seropositive admissions and deaths in Ethiopia. Leishmaniasis is a major vector-borne disease caused by obligate intramacrophage protozoa of the genus Leishmania and transmitted by the bite of phlebotomine female sand flies. Currently, leishmaniasis shows a wider geographic distribution and increased global incidence. Environmental, demographic and human behaviors contribute to the changing landscape for zoonotic cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. The primary reservoir hosts of Leishmania are sylvatic mammals such as forest rodents, hyraxes and wild canids and dogs are the most important species among domesticated animals in the epidemiology. HIV/AIDS co-infection in the north-western, visceral leishmaniasis focus in Ethiopia has the highest known HIV co-infection rate in the world. Hydatidosis is a major parasitic disease caused by the larval stage of the dog tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus and is characterized by the formation of single or multiple cysts (hydatid cysts) varying in size. Dogs are particularly important in zoonotic transmission due to their close relationships with humans. Ethiopia has been noted for a high prevalence of hydatid disease since 1970s during which it was reported that the disease occurs in all parts of the country. Likewise, studies conducted recently in abattoirs of various locations have indicated that hydatidosis is widespread in Ethiopia with great economic and public health significance. Therefore, it is highly imperative public health education to build up public awareness about the sources of infection, control and prevention method for overcoming neglected tropical diseases. © IDOSI Publications, 2014.	Ethiopia; Hydatidosis; Leishmaniasis; Neglected; Toxoplasmosis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78650333983	Evaluation of cellulolytic enzyme supplementation on production indices and nutrient utilization of laying hens fed soybean hull based diets	Esonu B.O., Izukanne R.O., Inyang O.A.	2005	International Journal of Poultry Science	4	4	10.3923/ijps.2005.213.216	Department of Animal Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 1526, Owerri, Nigeria; Department of Animal Production, Michael Okpara College of Agriculture, Umuagwo, Imo State, Nigeria	Esonu, B.O., Department of Animal Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 1526, Owerri, Nigeria; Izukanne, R.O., Department of Animal Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 1526, Owerri, Nigeria; Inyang, O.A., Department of Animal Production, Michael Okpara College of Agriculture, Umuagwo, Imo State, Nigeria	A 120-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate cellulolytic enzyme supplementation on production indices and nutrient utilization of laying hens fed soybean hull based diets. Seven experimental layers diets were formulated incorporating soybean hull meal at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% (without enzyme supplementation) and 10, 20 and 30% (with 2.0% enzyme supplementation) dietary levels respectively. One hundred and forty seven (147), Shikka brown layers already 12 months in lay were divided into 7 groups of 21 birds each and randomly assigned to the 7 treatment diets in a completely randomized design (CRD). There were significant differences (P<0.05) in feed intake, feed conversion ratio, hen-day production, feed cost/dozen eggs, egg weight, Haugh unit, digestibility of crude protein, ether extract and crude fibre among the groups. However, there were no significant differences (P>0.05) among the groups in body weight, egg yolk colour, shell thickness, albumen and yolk indices, horizontal and oblong circumferences and digestibility of dry matter and ash respectively. The group on 30% dietary level of soybean hull meal (without enzyme supplementation) performed significantly (P<0.05) better than the other groups in hen-day egg production, feed cost/dozen eggs and egg weight. The results of this experiment suggest that 2.0% "safzyme" cellulolytic enzyme supplementation at 30% dietary level of soybean hull meal in layer diet could not significantly affect the performance of laying hens. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2005.	Cellulolytic enzyme supplementation; Laying hens; Production indices; Soybean hull	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33746116972	Impact of water soluble fractions of crude oil on growth performance of the catfish Heterobranchus bidorsalis (Geoffrey St. Hilaire, 1809)	Nwabueze A.A., Agbogidi O.M.	2006	European Journal of Scientific Research	13	3	None	Department of Animal Science and Fisheries, Delta State University, Asaba Campus, Abraka, Nigeria; Department of Forestry and Wildlife, Delta State University, Asaba Campus, Abraka, Nigeria	Nwabueze, A.A., Department of Animal Science and Fisheries, Delta State University, Asaba Campus, Abraka, Nigeria; Agbogidi, O.M., Department of Forestry and Wildlife, Delta State University, Asaba Campus, Abraka, Nigeria	The impact of sub lethal concentration of water-soluble fractions (WSFs) of crude oil on growth performance of the catfish Heterobranchus bidorsalis fingerlings (mean weight: 1.36±0.05g) was investigated under laboratory conditions during a 10 - week period of exposure in a renewal static bioassay system. The concentrations of WSFs used were 0.00 - control, 0.125, 0.50 and 1.00 ml per litre. Mortality was recorded in the 0.50 and 1.00 ml per litre concentrations. Results indicate that growth rate of fish was significantly (P≥0.05) reduced as compared with the control fish. Observations on behaviour of fish showed reduced activity especially feeding with increasing concentrations of WSFs. There were significant (P≤0.05) differences in growth and mortality rate in fish exposed to WSFs compared with the control. Investigation on the physiochemical parameter of WSFs such as temperature, dissolved oxygen (D.O), bilogical oxygen demand (B.O.D) and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) indicated a significant (P≤0.05) increase and decrease in B.O.D and D.O. respectively as compared with controls. The temperature and pH remained the same in various experimental tanks. The present study indicated that Heterobranchus bidorsalis can serve as a bio indicator of crude oil polluted water bodies. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2006.	Crude oil; Growth; Heterobranchus bidorsalis; Water-soluble fractions	None	None
None	None	Growth performance and carcass characteristics of Tanzania Shorthorn Zebu cattle finished on molasses or maize grain with rice or maize by-products	Asimwe L., Kimambo A.E., Laswai G.H., Mtenga L.A., Weisbjerg M.R., Madsen J., Mushi D.E.	2015	Livestock Science	182	None	10.1016/j.livsci.2015.11.001	Department of Animal Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3004, Morogoro, Tanzania; Department of Animal Science, Au Foulum, Aarhus University, Blichers Alle 20, Tjele, Denmark; Department of Larger Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark	Asimwe, L., Department of Animal Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3004, Morogoro, Tanzania; Kimambo, A.E., Department of Animal Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3004, Morogoro, Tanzania; Laswai, G.H., Department of Animal Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3004, Morogoro, Tanzania; Mtenga, L.A., Department of Animal Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3004, Morogoro, Tanzania; Weisbjerg, M.R., Department of Animal Science, Au Foulum, Aarhus University, Blichers Alle 20, Tjele, Denmark; Madsen, J., Department of Larger Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Mushi, D.E., Department of Animal Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3004, Morogoro, Tanzania	Forty five steers (2.5-3.0 years of age and 200±5 (SEM) kg body weight) were allotted randomly into five diets to assess the effects of finishing Tanzania Shorthorn Zebu (TSZ) cattle in feedlot using diets based on either molasses or maize grain combined with maize or rice by-products. The diets were hay and concentrate mixtures of hominy feed with molasses (HFMO), rice polishing with molasses (RPMO), hominy feed with maize meal (HFMM), rice polishing with maize meal (RPMM) and a control of maize meal with molasses (MMMO). All concentrate mixtures contained cotton seed cake, mineral mixture, salt and urea. Both hay and concentrate were fed ad libitum and with free access to drinking water for 90 days. Feed intake, body weights and carcass characteristics were recorded. The daily total dry matter intake (DMI, kg/day) was greater (P<0.05) in molasses based diets (7.64 for RPMO and 7.35 for HFMO) than in maize grain based diets (6.94, 6.73 and 6.19 for RPMM, MMMO and HFMM, respectively). Energy intake was highest (P<0.05) in HFMO (86 MJ/day) and lowest in RPMM (69 MJ/day). Crude protein intake was highest in HFMO (867 g/day) and lowest in RPMO (725 g/day). Feed conversion ratio (kg feed DMI/kg gain) was lower (P<0.05) for steers fed on HFMM (7.87) and HFMO (8.09) than those fed on MMMO (10.4), RPMM (11.0) and RPMO (11.5). Steers fed on HFMO had the highest (P<0.05) daily weight gain (919. g/day), total weight gain (83. kg), final live weight (283. kg), empty body weight (268. kg) and hot carcass weight (151. kg). The proportion of internal fat to empty body weight (2.7%) in steers fed on HFMO was higher (P<0.05) than those from other diets. Nevertheless, all carcasses showed relatively high fat cover (1.1-1.6. cm). It is concluded that agro-processing by products are good feed resources for finishing TSZ cattle in feedlots with formulations based on molasses being superior over those based on maize meal, and hominy feed being superior over rice polishing. A combination of molasses and hominy feed (HFMO) could be used successfully as an alternative to maize meal in finishing TSZ cattle in feedlot. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.	Agro-processing by-products; Carcass characteristics; Feedlot; Weight gain	None	None
None	None	Production performance of Toggenburg dairy goats in semi-arid and sub-humid areas of Tanzania	Jackson M., Chenyambuga S.W., Ndemanisho E.E., Komwihangilo D.M.	2014	Livestock Research for Rural Development	26	2	None	Department of Animal Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3004, Morogoro, Tanzania; Tanzania Livestock Research Institute, P.O Box 202, Mpwapwa, Tanzania	Jackson, M., Department of Animal Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3004, Morogoro, Tanzania; Chenyambuga, S.W., Department of Animal Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3004, Morogoro, Tanzania; Ndemanisho, E.E., Department of Animal Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3004, Morogoro, Tanzania; Komwihangilo, D.M., Tanzania Livestock Research Institute, P.O Box 202, Mpwapwa, Tanzania	A study was carried out in Babati and Kongwa districts which have sub-humid and semi-arid climatic conditions, respectively, to compare reproduction and lactation performances of Toggenburg dairy goats kept by small-scale farmers in the two agro-ecological zones. In each district four villages were purposely selected based on the presence of Toggenburg goats and 10 dairy goat farmers per village who have been keeping Toggenburg breed for at least five years were randomly selected. Age at first kidding of Toggenburg goats was higher in sub-humid areas than in semi-arid areas while kidding interval, litter size and kid mortality rate did not differ between the two locations. The goats kept in sub-humid areas had higher mean daily milk yield and lactation yield than those in semi-arid areas. Lactation length and dry period of does in sub-humid areas were not different from those of the does found in semi-arid areas. It is concluded that Toggernburg goats produced relatively more milk in sub-humid areas than in semi-arid areas while those in semi-arid environment had lower kid mortality compared to those in sub-humid environment.	Lactation; Mortality; Reproduction	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-76749167204	Evaluation of different heat processing methods on the nutritive value of Mucuna pruriens (velvet bean) seed meals for broilers	Emenalom O.O., Udedibie A.B.I.	2005	International Journal of Poultry Science	4	8	10.3923/ijps.2005.543.548	Department of Animal Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria	Emenalom, O.O., Department of Animal Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Udedibie, A.B.I., Department of Animal Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria	Mucuna pruriens like most tropical legumes contain anti-nutritional factors, which limit its use as livestock feed ingredient. Proximate analysis and two performance studies using finisher broilers were carried out to determine the nutritive value of raw, toasted, cooked and, soak and cooked Mucuna (SACM). M pruriensseeds were ground raw, ground and toasted, and cooked prior to drying and midling in Experiment 1 and soaked in water for 48 hours prior to cooking for one hour before drying and milling in Experiment 2. Toasting increased the crude protein of the raw seed by 6.5% but decreased the ether extract by 22.9%. Cooking and soaking prior to cooking decreased the values for crude protein and ether extract by 5.3 and 6.5%, and 13.7 and 20.6%, respectively. In Experiment 1, 100gkg-1 raw, toasted, cooked and 200gkg-1SACM were substituted into nutritionally balanced rations fed 28 to 56d of age. Mucuna seed meals caused progressive reductions in growth; at 56d of age broilers fed 100gkg-1 raw, toasted, cooked and 200gkg-1cooked Mucuna grew 61.8, 67.2, 80.4 and 63.7% of control, respectively. Feed intake declined significantly with 100gkg-1 toasted and 200gkg-1 cooked MSM respectively. Feed to gain ratio decreased significantly (P&lt;0.05) with 100gkg-1 raw, toasted and 200gkg-1 cooked Mucuna, respectively. The heart, liver, kidney and gizzard weights relative to body weights were significantly (P&lt;0.05) affected by the diets. In Experiment 2, 200gkg-1 and 300gkg-1 dietary levels of Nigerian and Brazilian SACM were fed 28 to 56d respectively. With 300gkg-1 broilers grew significantly (P&lt;0.05) slower than the control and 200gkg-1 diet groups but feed intakes were unchanged. Inclusion of 200gkg-1 of the meals, allowed better growth than 300gkg-1 and by 56d of age growth were significantly (P&lt;0.05) depressed relative to control. At 200 and 300gkg-1 both Nigerian and Brazilian SACM promoted much better growth and efficiency than the raw Mucuna in Experiment 1 but values were significantly lower than those of controls. With 200gkg-1 broilers grew to 87.2 and 89.2% of controls respectively, a marked improvement over cooked Mucuna in Experiment 1. However, cooking, and soak and cook methods of detoxification slightly improved the nutritive value of Mucuna at 100 and 200gkg-1, respectively. Thus indicating partial or incomplete detoxification of the seeds. Further detoxification studies to ascertain the best processing method for improved feeding value of the seed is therefore needed. Increasing the cooking time and cooking in alkaline or acid solution may be helpful in the regard. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2005.	Broilers; Cooked; Mucuna seed; Soak and cook; Toasted	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84914151604	Performance of broiler starter chicks fed graded levels of enzyme supplemented dried rumen digesta	Esonu B.O., Agbabiaka L.A., Osegbue A.I.	2014	Tropical Agriculture	91	4	None	Department of Animal Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria; School of Industrial and Applied Sciences, Federal Polytechnic, Nekede, Owerri, Nigeria	Esonu, B.O., Department of Animal Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria; Agbabiaka, L.A., School of Industrial and Applied Sciences, Federal Polytechnic, Nekede, Owerri, Nigeria; Osegbue, A.I., Department of Animal Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria	An investigation was conducted on the growth response of broiler starter chicks fed diets of varying concentration of enzyme supplemented dried rumen digesta for 21 days. One hundred and fifty, 2-week old chicks were randomly allotted to 5 diets (CP=22%) containing enzyme fortified dried rumen digesta (EDRD) at 0,2.5,5.0,7.5,10.0% respectively. The reference (control=0%EDRD) diet contained no EDRD. Results revealed that feed intake of the chicks increased linearly with the' concentration of EDRD in diets (p<0.05). The body weight gain of chicks fed EDRD diets were superior to the control group (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in feed conversion ratio among the treatment groups (p>0.05) though control diet gave the best value of 2.32 while the least (2.46) was obtained from treatment group fed 10% EDRD. Cost benefit analysis showed that 10% EDRD diet gave the least cost per kilogram weight gain of the experimental chicks. This study suggests that dried rumen digesta when fortified with 0.2% cellulolytic enzyme "Hamacozyme®" could be tolerated up to 10% dietary level without compromising growth and will reduce cost per kilogram weight gain in broiler starter production. © 2014 Trop. Agric. (Trinidad).	Broiler starter; Diets; Dried rumen digesta; Enzyme; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84905455188	Milk production performances of Holstein Friesian x Arsi and Holstein Friesian x Boran cross-bred cattle at Agarfa Agricultural Technical Vocational and Educational Training (ATVET) College, Oromia, Ethiopia	Wassie T., Mekuriaw G., Mekuriaw Z.	2014	Livestock Research for Rural Development	26	8	None	Department of Animal science, Assosa University, P.O.Box 18, Asosa, Ethiopia; International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O.Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), LIVES Project, P.O.Box 1867, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia	Wassie, T., Department of Animal science, Assosa University, P.O.Box 18, Asosa, Ethiopia; Mekuriaw, G., International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O.Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Mekuriaw, Z., International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), LIVES Project, P.O.Box 1867, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia	The study was carried out at Agarfa ATVET College dairy farm to evaluate the milk production performances of Holstein Friesian x Arsi and Holstein Friesian x Boran cross cattle breeds. For the study, records compiled from 1983 to 2012 at the Agarfa dairy farm were used as original data. Effects of breed, blood level, season and parity on milk yield traits were evaluated. The data were analyzed using the general linear model of the Statistical Analysis System (SAS) version 9.1. The overall means for daily milk yield were 6.38 and 7.02 kg and for lactation milk yield 1925 and 2136 kg for Friesian x Arsi and Friesian x Boran cross, respectively. Generally the productive performance of cows reported in this study was lower than the performance reported in many tropical regions. Therefore, due consideration should be given to calf and heifer management, heat detection, feeding and health care. Furthermore, in this study Friesian x Boran cross were better than Friesian x Arsi in performance therefore attention should be given to keep this cross in the farm.	Blood level; Daily milk yield; Lactation length; Lactation milk yield	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84865092334	Evaluation of the chemical composition and anti nutritional factors levels of different thermally processed soybeans	Ari M.M., Ayanwale B.A., Adama T.Z., Olatunji E.A.	2012	Research Journal of Information Technology	4	4	10.3923/rjit.2012.220.227	Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, PMB 33 Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria; Department of Animal Production Technology, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State, Nigeria; Depar	Ari, M.M., Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, PMB 33 Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria; Ayanwale, B.A., Department of Animal Production Technology, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State, Nigeria; Adama, T.Z., Department of Animal Production Technology, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State, Nigeria; Olatunji, E.A., Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Abuja, FCT, Nigeria	Chemical composition, amino acid profile, Anti Nutritional Factors (ANFs) and protein quality factors of different thermally (extrusion, cooking, toasting and roasting) processed soybeans (Glycine max) for broiler diets were evaluated in this study. Dry Matter (DM) percentage ranged from 79.00-91.25% while Crude Protein (CP) percentage ranged from 12.51-28.34%. Crude Fibre (CF) values were highest with toasting (28.34) while cooking gave the lowest value (12.51). Ether Extract (EE) highest value was obtained in cooked soybeans (19.50%) while the least (9.72%) was obtained in extruded soybeans. Total ash percentages ranged from 4.27-4.46% while NFE percentage ranged from 13.75-26.31%. Ca and P percentage values were high (1.08, 0.33%) in roasted and extruded respectively. Amino acid profiles (g/100 g protein) values for lysine ranged from 2.40-5.1, while cystine had values ranging from 0.64-0.88. Methionine value were highest (1.02, 1.14) in cooking and roasting and least in extrusion (0.52) while phyenylalanine values ranged from 3.06-4.26. Reduction due to treatment was observed in Trypsin Inhibitor Activity (TIA) and phytic acid and cooking methods was highest for TIA (85%), extruded soybeans (60.59%), toasted and roasted soybeans were similar (52.44, 53.75%). Reduction in phytic acid was highest with roasted soybean (71.71%), followed by 70.73% in cooked soybeans, toasted soybean was least (48.12%). Urease assay values ranged from 0.02-0.09 (ApH) and cooked soybean had highest protein solubility index of 83.40%. Phytic acid and Trypsin Inhibitor Activity (TIA), phytic acid and percentage reduction in TIA, Protein Solubility Index (PSI) and phytic acid, TIA and percentage reduction in TIA were correlated. Protein quality and TIA inactivation was more preserved and effective with cooking method. 2012 Academic Journals Inc.	Amino acid profile; Anti nutritional factors; Proximate composition; Soybeans; Thermal processing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33749146538	Nutritive evaluation of some trees and browse species from Scotland	Odeyinka S.M., Hector B.L., Ørskov E.R.	2006	European Journal of Scientific Research	14	3	None	Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; The Macaulay Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, United Kingdom	Odeyinka, S.M., Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Hector, B.L., The Macaulay Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, United Kingdom; Ørskov, E.R., The Macaulay Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, United Kingdom	The nutritive value of twelve Scottish plants (trees, legumes and grasses): 1. Pinus sylvestris L., 2. Lolium perenne L., 3. Calluna vulgaris L., 4. Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr; 5. Chamaenerion angustifolium (L) Scop., 6. Luzula sylvatica, 7. Pseudotsuga menziesii F. Mirb., 8. Fagus sylvatica L., 9. Vaccinum myrtillus L., 10. Brassica oleracea, 11. Acer pseudoplatanus L., 12. Juncus effusus L. were determined using in vitro gas production, in sacco DM degradability and in vivo digestibility. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used in the gas production to determine presence of phenolic related antinutritive factor. Species had significant effect on in vitro gas production (P<0.001). B. oleracea produced significantly highest volume of gas while V. myrtillus produced the lowest volume of gas though no significant difference between it and that of P. sitchensis. There was significant increase in gas production with the addition of PEG (P<0.001) except in L. perenne and A. pseudoplatanus where the increase was not significant. Species had significant effect on DM degradability (P<0.001). B. oleracea had the highest % DM degradability and F. sylvatica the least. There were no significant differences in DM degradability of C. angustifolium; L. perenne and B. oleracea at the 96hr. F. sylvatica and C. vulgaris were the least degraded. Species had significant effect on dry matter (DM) digestibility in vivo. As with in sacco digestibility, B. oleracea had the highest in vivo digestibility while P. sitchensis and F. sylvatica were the least digested. The results suggest that B. oleracea, C. angustifolium, L. perenne, P. menziesii, J. effusus, L. sylvatica and A. pseudoplatanus from Scotland are more than 70% degradable and are useful as animal feeds. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2006.	In sacco degradability; In vitro gas production; In vivo digestibility; Scottish plants	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894287984	Evaluation of three mathematical functions to describe the relationship between body weight, body condition and testicular dimensions in yankasa sheep [Evaluación de tres funciones matemáticas para describir la relación entre peso corporal, condición corp	Yakubu A., Musa-Azara I.S.	2013	International Journal of Morphology	31	4	10.4067/S0717-95022013000400036	Department of Animal Science, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria; Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria	Yakubu, A., Department of Animal Science, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria; Musa-Azara, I.S., Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria	Body size and testicular measurements have been found to be important parameters utilized in breeding soundness evaluation. The present study therefore, aimed at determining the relationship between body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS), testicular length (TL), testicular diameter (TD) and scrotal circumference (SC) in 120 extensively reared Yankasa rams (approximately 30 months old) using linear, quadratic and cubic predictive models. Coefficient of determination (R2), Adjusted R2, the estimate of Mallows' Cp, RMSE (Root mean squares error) and the parsimony principle (p=number of parameters) were used to compare the efficiency of the different models. Strong Pearson's correlation coefficients (r = 0.83-0.94; P&lt;0.01) were found between BW, TL, TD and SC. Spearman correlations between BCS and other variables were also highly significant (r = 0.78-0.85; P&lt;0.01). SC was the sole variable of utmost importance in estimating BW, which was best predicted using the cubic model. However, the optimal model for BW prediction comprised TD, SC and BCS with p, R2, Adjusted R2, RMSE and Cp values of 4, 0.948, 0.946, 1.673 and 4.85, respectively. The present findings could be exploited in husbandry and selection of breeding stock for sustainable sheep production especially within the resource-poor farming system under tropical and subtropical conditions.	Body condition; Body size; Rams; Regression models; Testicular measurements	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84946023855	Effects of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) seed powder and extract on performance of broiler chickens	Naeemasa M., Alaw Qotbi A.A., Seidavi A., Norris D., Brown D., Ginindza M.	2015	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	45	4	10.4314/sajas.v45i4.3	Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran; Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, South Africa	Naeemasa, M., Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran; Alaw Qotbi, A.A., Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran; Seidavi, A., Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran; Norris, D., Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran; Brown, D., Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, South Africa; Ginindza, M., Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of coriander (Coriandrum sativum) seed powder and extract on the performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. A total of 420 day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were allocated randomly into seven treatments of 60 birds per group. Each treatment had four replicates (15 chicks per replicate). The trial was designed with seven treatments, consisting of a control diet without coriander, this is, the control group (CG); three treatments, which included the control diet plus three levels of coriander extract in water (750, 1000, and 1250 mg/kg); and the another three, which received the control diet plus three levels of coriander powder (1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5%). Performance parameters were monitored throughout the experimental period. At 21 - 42 d old, the inclusion of 952 mg/kg of coriander extract in drinking water maximized weight gain, while the feed intake of the experimental period (1 - 42 d) was maximized at the coriander powder level of 1.2%. Feed conversion ratios improved with the inclusion of coriander powder in the diet throughout the experimental period. These results suggest that coriander powder in the diet and coriander extract in water could replace synthetic antibiotics and could be regarded as natural feed additives and growth promoters in poultry diets.	Additives; Broiler; Herbs; Spices	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949664971	Effects of organic acid and probiotic on performance and gut morphology in broiler chickens	Agboola A.F., Omidiwura B.R.O., Odu O., Popoola I.O., Iyayi E.A.	2015	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	45	5	10.4314/sajas.v45i5.6	Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Agboola, A.F., Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Omidiwura, B.R.O., Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Odu, O., Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Popoola, I.O., Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Iyayi, E.A., Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	The effects of organic acid, probiotic and a combination of the two on performance and gut morphology in broiler chickens were investigated. Two hundred and forty one-day-old Arbor Acre broiler chicks were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments with six replicates, each with eight birds. The treatments were basal diet (negative control, NC), basal diet + antibiotic (positive control (PC)), NC + 0.4% organic acid (OA), NC + 0.3% probiotic (PB) and NC + 0.4% OA and 0.3% PB. Reduced body weight gain (BWG) was recorded for birds on the NC diet at the starter phase and over the total period. The addition of OA significantly increased BWG compared to values obtained in birds on the NC and other diets. Diet had no effect on BWG at the grower phase or on feed intake, dry matter intake and feed conversion ratio in any growth phase. Gain : feed ratio was lowered in the NC diet, but improved significantly by OA and PB in the starter phase. Organic acid supplementation reduced the weight of the bursa of Fabricius. The weight of pancreas, height of villi and crypt depth were reduced in birds on the NC diet compared with those on OA, PB and a combination of these. Diet had no effects on the weights of the lungs, heart, spleen, kidneys, liver, villus width, villus height : crypt depth ratio, lactic acid bacteria, coliform bacteria and total bacterial count in any gut section. In conclusion, supplementation of broiler diets with OA and PB could improve their growth and gut morphology better than antibiotics would, with a greater positive effect in the starter phase.	Broiler chickens; Gut health; Organic acids; Performance; Probiotics	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907149498	Evaluation and analysis of dietary essential mineral micronutrients in selected Malaysian foods using FAAS and ICP-MS	Salau R.B., Hasan M.N.	2014	Modern Applied Science	8	6	10.5539/mas.v8n6p103	Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, School of Natural and Applied Science, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Nigeria	Salau, R.B., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural and Applied Science, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Nigeria; Hasan, M.N., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia	Food source could provide essential mineral elements necessary for preventing and remedying the cases of Mineral Deficiency Diseases (MDD). This source is cost effective, safe, affordable and accessible. In this study, essential elements: Ca, Mg, P, K, Na, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se and Zn were determined in 126 food samples eaten in Johor Bahru, Malaysia. The all-serving-units-inclusive food samples were oven-dried until constant weight, homogenized and wet digested serially with nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide mixture. The major and minor elements were respectively determined by FAAS and ICP-MS. The elements showed presence in all foods. The food element/RDA percentage ratios of (Ca: 50.0; P: 322.8) and (Mn: 10.5; P: 177.5) were obtained respectively relative to maximum and minimum Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). The study has proven that the foods could be viable source of the elements choosing appropriate foods. These essential elements containing foods can be exploited for health maintenance, remedy and even cure for MDD. © 2014, by the author(s).	All-serving-units-inclusive; FAAS; Food; ICP-MS; Mineral deficiency disease (MDD); Mineral elements; Remedy; supplementation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941421858	Effects of genotype and sex on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens	Benyi K., Tshilate T.S., Netshipale A.J., Mahlako K.T.	2015	Tropical Animal Health and Production	47	7	10.1007/s11250-015-0850-3	Department of Animal Science, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa	Benyi, K., Department of Animal Science, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa; Tshilate, T.S., Department of Animal Science, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa; Netshipale, A.J., Department of Animal Science, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa; Mahlako, K.T., Department of Animal Science, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa	Six hundred and eight day-old chicks of Ross 308 and Cobb Avian 48 broiler strains were used in a 49-day experiment to examine the effects of genotype and sex on the growth performance and carcass characteristics. Body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and mortality rate were recorded. Over all, genotype had a significant effect only on feed conversion ratio, Cobb being a better efficient in converting feed than Ross. Males consumed more feed, utilized the feed more efficiently, gained more body weight, and were heavier at 49 days of age than females but had a higher mortality rate. There were significant genotype × sex interaction effects on 49-day body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, and mortality rate. As regards carcass characteristics, genotype affected only liver weight with a heavier liver in Cobb than Ross. Sex significantly affected carcass, back, wing, leg, liver, gizzard, and abdominal fat weights with higher means for males than females for all the traits except abdominal fat weight where females had higher means than males. Genotype × sex interaction effects significantly influenced carcass, breast, back, wing, leg, and liver weights. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.	Broilers; Carcass characteristics; Genotype; Growth performance; Sex	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-81855209881	Milk production performance of pastorally managed camels in eastern Ethiopia	Baars R.M.T., Kebebew T.	2005	Tropical Agriculture	82	42433	None	Department of Animal Sciences, Alemaya University, PO Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia; Van Hall Larenstein University of Professional Education, P.O. Box 411, 6700 A A Wageningen, Netherlands	Baars, R.M.T., Department of Animal Sciences, Alemaya University, PO Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia, Van Hall Larenstein University of Professional Education, P.O. Box 411, 6700 A A Wageningen, Netherlands; Kebebew, T., Department of Animal Sciences, Alemaya University, PO Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia	Milk production of 30 Iactating camels belonging to 1 herd of 100 heads was monitored during 19 months from March 1996 to September 1997 in eastern Ethiopia. The effects of season of calving, parity, and calf survival up to weaning on mean daily yield, peak yield, total lactation yield, lactation length, days open, and calving interval were assessed. The least square means (± standard deviation) of the daily, peak, and lactation yield were 7.5 ± 0.5, 11.5 ± 0.5, and 2104 ± 97 L, respectively. The least square means of lactation length, days open, and calving interval were 282 ± 10, 199 ± 13, and 573 ± 14 days, respectively. All parameters were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) affected by the season of calving. The maximum lactation yield was observed for camels in the third and fourth lactations. The lactation curves had a typical shape, although Iess pronounced for camels that calved during the long dry season. Camels that calved in the long wet season and older camels showed a lower persistency. Camels whose calves died before weaning showed a significantly higher yield than camels whose calves stayed alive. The fat, protein, casein, total solids, and solids non-fat were 39 ± 4, 29 ± 3, 23 ± 2, 131 ± 6, and 92 ± 6 g kg-1, respectively. They were all significantly affected by parity and month of lactation. It was concluded that during the dry season, the herd produced a substantial amount of milk for the pastoralists. © 2005 Trap. Aqric. (Trinidad).	Calving interval; Lactation; Milk composition; Ogaden; Persistency; Season	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874675805	Evaluation of nutritive value of leaves of tropical tanniferous trees and shrubs	Yisehak K., Janssens G.P.J.	2013	Livestock Research for Rural Development	25	2	None	Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, P. O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia; Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium	Yisehak, K., Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, P. O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia; Janssens, G.P.J., Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium	This study was conducted to compare the nutritive value of indigenous fodder trees and shrubs (IFTS) and assess the relationship between farmers' IFTS preference, the perception of their characteristics, and analyzed nutritional value at two distinct altitudes within the same area (high altitude and low altitude). Results were based on laboratory analyses of plant samples and a diagnostic survey of randomly selected 360 livestock farmers. Fifty IFTS were identified and examined for proximate and fibre components, in vitro digestibility, digestible nutrients, energy and condensed tannins (CT). Farmers scored the identified IFTS on a scale of 1 to 4 on nutritive value, growth rate, biomass, compatibility and multifunctionality. Nutritive value ranged widely among IFTS from 66 to 242 g CP/kg dry matter (DM), 185 to 502 g neutral detergent fibre (NDF)/kg DM, 0.1 to 228 g CT/kg DM, 478 to 745 g total carbohydrate (CHO)/kg DM, 332 to 963 g total digestible nutrients (TDN)/kg DM and 5 to 15 MJ ME/kg DM. Trees showed higher CP contents than shrubs though CHO was higher for shrubs, especially at high altitude (P<0.05). Farmers' scores for nutritive value were positively correlated with CP content of IFTS (r = 0.36; P<0.05). Even though the association was negative for CHO content (P<0.01; r = -0.32), these scores were higher at high altitude (P<0.05). A negative relationship was observed between CT and TA, CP, DMD, OMD, ME and TDN (P<0.05). It was concluded that although variation within shrubs and within trees was high - CP was higher in trees than in shrubs and lower CHO in trees than shrubs, therefore warranting further research in the added value for ranging ruminants' nutritional status of providing fodder tree material instead of only access to pasture and shrubs. Farmers' perception of nutritive value of IFTS was partly associated with protein content, but other unidentified factors were contributing to their preference. Geographical differences exert shifts in the perceived and analyzed nutritive value of IFTS, thus care should be taken when developing recommendations for the use of IFTS in an entire region.	Fodder trees and shrubs; In vitro digestibility; Nutritive value; Tannin; Total digestible nutrients	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84881073267	Effect of buck presence on sexual receptivity and kindling performance of rabbit doe	Ola S.I., Olatunbosun O.S.	2013	Livestock Research for Rural Development	25	8	None	Department of Animal Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Ola, S.I., Department of Animal Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Olatunbosun, O.S., Department of Animal Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Sexual receptivity and fecundity were determined in rabbit does with different exposure to the male. Forty heterogeneous, mature and non-lactating does were assigned to four treatments including: VTC - Male exposure with visual and tactile contact; VIC - Male exposure with visual contact; NVC - Male exposure without visual contact and NOC - Complete isolation of does from bucks (control group). The does were maintained in this condition for 30 days after which they were hand mated, each to two bucks. Mating was assisted or forced where it didn't occur spontaneously. At mating the sexual behaviour, readiness and libido of the does were recorded. At parturition, fertility and prolificacy were determined. Sexual receptivity measured by behavioural attitude and rate of spontaneous mating were higher in the VTC and NVC exposed group. Mating time was also significantly reduced in these groups. Prolificacy and fertility index were both lowered in the NOC and VTC does compared to the NVC and VIC does. In conclusion results from this study indicated that the presence of the male improved the sexual receptivity of the doe. However prolonged visual and/or tactile contacts between the opposite sex appeared to be detrimental to the breeding efficiency and overall productivity of the doe.	Male presence; Rabbit doe fertility	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84934765105	Productive and reproductive performance of holstein-friesian cows under farmer’s management in Hossana town, Ethiopia	Kebede H.	2015	International Journal of Dairy Science	10	3	10.3923/ijds.2015.126.133	Department of Animal Sciences, Wachemo University, P.O. Box 667, Hossana, Ethiopia	Kebede, H., Department of Animal Sciences, Wachemo University, P.O. Box 667, Hossana, Ethiopia	The study was conducted on 154 Holstein-Friesian (HF) cows maintained under farmer’s managemental system in Hossana city (Ethiopia). A total of 80 HF owners were randomly selected and interviewed with structured questionnaire to assess the productive and reproductive performance of Holstein-Friesian cows. The results of the study showed that the mean milk yield/day/cow was 8.38±0.47 L, lactation length was 252.25±5.31 days, peak yield was11.39±0.58 L and lactation milk yield was 2149.19±143.80 L, number of services per conception was 1.8±0.09, age at first calving was 36.48±0.55 month, calving to first service interval was 212.70±18.12 days and calving interval was 462.87±19.48 days for HF cows. The constraints of dairy production in the study areas including feed shortage (1st), high feed cost (2nd), disease (3rd), scarce information about feeding (4th), high medicament cost (5th), scarcity of timely veterinary services (6th), lack of capital (7th), low price of milk (8th), heat detection (9th) and ineffici nt AI services (10th) were found to be the top challenges for dairy practice in the area. Therefore, strategies designed to solve the existing problem should be important by involving all stakeholders in the formulation and implementation of improvement strategies. © 2015 Academic Journals Inc.	Holstein-Friesian; Hossana city; Productive; Reproductive performances	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84881520472	The effect of geographical region of birth on the reproductive performance of the Nguni in Southern Mozambique	Maciel S., Okeyo A.M., Amimo J., Scholtz M.M., Neser F.W.C., Martins M.	2013	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	43	5	10.4314/sajas.v43i5.11	Department of Animal Wildlife and Grassland Sciences, UFS, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; International Livestock Research Institute, Biotechnology Theme, Nairobi, Kenya; ARC-Animal Production Institute, Irene, South Africa; REMOC, Reprodutores de Mozambique, Lda, Posto Fomento Impaputo, Maputo, Mozambique	Maciel, S., Department of Animal Wildlife and Grassland Sciences, UFS, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Okeyo, A.M., International Livestock Research Institute, Biotechnology Theme, Nairobi, Kenya; Amimo, J., International Livestock Research Institute, Biotechnology Theme, Nairobi, Kenya; Scholtz, M.M., Department of Animal Wildlife and Grassland Sciences, UFS, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa, ARC-Animal Production Institute, Irene, South Africa; Neser, F.W.C., Department of Animal Wildlife and Grassland Sciences, UFS, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Martins, M., REMOC, Reprodutores de Mozambique, Lda, Posto Fomento Impaputo, Maputo, Mozambique	The objective of this study was to assess the effect of place of birth on the reproductive performance of two Nguni ecotypes (Nguni and Landim) raised in a sub-tropical environment to enhance strategies for livestock development and restocking programmes within the southern African region. Reproduction data collected between 1994 and 2009 from 301 cows of the Landim (n = 122) and Nguni (n = 179) ecotypes were analysed. Results indicated that ecotype and place of birth had significant effects on age at first calving (AFC) and calving interval (CI). The means for AFC were 1085 and 1003 days, those for CI were 422 and 436 days, while the calving rate (CR) was 90.0% and 85.7% for the Nguni and Landim, respectively. This study demonstrates for the first time a possible genotype by environment interaction between Nguni ecotypes. This might aid future cattle development and restocking programmes in southern Africa, taking into consideration the adaptation of indigenous genotypes and climate change.	Age at first calving; Calving interval; Ecotypes; Environment; Landim	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84868608721	Growth performance of indigenous chickens under intensive management conditions in Northwest Ethiopia	Hassen H., Neser F.W.C., de Kock A., van Marle-Köster E.	2006	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	36	5SUPPL.1	None	Department of Animal, Wildlife and Grassland Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Department of Hematology and Cell biology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Hassen, H., Department of Animal, Wildlife and Grassland Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Neser, F.W.C., Department of Animal, Wildlife and Grassland Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; de Kock, A., Department of Hematology and Cell biology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; van Marle-Köster, E., Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa	A study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance of indigenous and Rhode Island Red (RIR) chickens under intensive management conditions for 22 weeks using standard commercial diets. Eggs from seven indigenous chicken lines were collected from the respective administrative zones in northwest Ethiopia and hatched. The experimental layout was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Data on feed consumption, body weight and related parameters were recorded up to the age of 22 weeks. The mean total feed intakes at the end of the growth phase were 13799, 15162, 13438, 13249, 13813, 13356, 14112 and 12832 g for the Tilili, Gellilia, Debre-Ellias, Mello-Hamusit, Gassay, Guangua, Mecha and RIR, respectively. There was no significant difference in feed consumption among the tested chicken ecotypes. However, a significant difference was observed in the average body weight and body weight gain between the different lines. The mean body weights for Tilili, Gellilia, Debre-Ellias, Mello-Hamusit, Gassay, Guangua, Mecha and RIR were 1191, 1186, 1054, 1222, 1038, 1249, 1257 and 1394 g, respectively. Mortality from hatching to end of the growth period was higher for all the indigenous lines in comparison to the RIR. The mortality rates from day old to 22 weeks varied from 18.9% (RIR) to 82.4% (Debre-Ellias), respectively. © South African Society for Animal Science.	Growth performance; Indigenous chickens; Intensive production systems; Mortality	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84925497945	Human harvesting impacts on managed areas: ecological effects of socially-compatible shellfish reserves	Aswani S., Flores C.F., Broitman B.R.	2014	Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries	25	1	10.1007/s11160-014-9376-4	Department of Anthropology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa; Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science (DIFS), Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa; Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States; IGP Marine Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States; Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas (CEAZA), Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile	Aswani, S., Department of Anthropology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa, Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science (DIFS), Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa; Flores, C.F., Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States, IGP Marine Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States; Broitman, B.R., Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas (CEAZA), Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile	We examined how human harvesting impacts on managed areas affect the abundance and size distribution of the edible mangrove shellfish Anadara granosa and Polymesoda spp. in the Roviana Lagoon, Solomon Islands. We tested two hypotheses: (1) in areas permanently and temporally closed to human exploitation, abundance and size distribution of these shellfish species is significantly greater than in sites open to exploitation and (2) moderate human disturbance of shell beds, particularly of Polymesoda spp., increases their abundance. Firstly, we studied perceptions of environmental states and processes coupled to foraging and management interventions to assess sociocultural influences on harvesting practices and ascertain the types of management regime that people would consider in a context where poaching and interloping are common practices. Secondly, we compared shellfish abundance and shell size from areas that were permanently protected, temporally reserved for communal harvest, and permanently open for exploitation. Thirdly, drawing from women’s local knowledge, we measured the abundance of Polymesoda spp. in relation to mud compactness in quadrats across the three management regimes. Results showed that both species were significantly more abundant in permanent and temporally closed sites than in open sites. In the mud compactness study, however, while shell abundance was greater in moderately compacted quadrats, there was no statistical relationship between mud compactness and shell abundance within or across the three management regimes. Results suggest that even under the strong impacts of poaching, temporally closed areas have more clams than open areas and are as effective as areas that are permanently closed nominally. The results also suggest that human harvesting regimes can influence the effectiveness of local management decisions and thus are important when designing community-based conservation programs in the Solomon Islands and other Pacific Islands. © 2014, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.	Ecological disturbance; Ecological impacts; Foraging; MPAs; Shellfish; Social acceptability; Solomon Islands	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84876060633	Preliminary in vivo evaluation of anti-inflammatory activities of aqueous and ethanolic whole plant extracts of Phyllanthus fraternus on carrageenan-induced paw oedema in sprague-dawley rats	Oseni L.A., Amiteye D., Antwi S., Tandoh M., Aryitey G.M.	2013	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	3	3	10.7324/JAPS.2013.30312	Department of Applied chemistry and Biochemistry, University For Development Studies, P.O. 24, Navrongo, Ghana; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre For Scientific Research Into Plant Medicine, Mampong Akwapem, Ghana; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana	Oseni, L.A., Department of Applied chemistry and Biochemistry, University For Development Studies, P.O. 24, Navrongo, Ghana; Amiteye, D., Department of Applied chemistry and Biochemistry, University For Development Studies, P.O. 24, Navrongo, Ghana; Antwi, S., Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre For Scientific Research Into Plant Medicine, Mampong Akwapem, Ghana; Tandoh, M., Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre For Scientific Research Into Plant Medicine, Mampong Akwapem, Ghana; Aryitey, G.M., Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana	Medicinal plants represent potential sources for the discovery of new anti-inflammatory agents. Aqueous and ethanolic whole plant extracts of Phyllanthus fraternus were evaluated in vivo for their anti-inflammatory activities on carrageenan-induced paw oedema inSprague-Dawley rats. The extracts were also screened for phytochemicals. Some of the phytochemicals found in the extracts have previously been implicated as antiinflammatory agents. The LD50 of both extracts was investigated and found to be greater than 5000mg/kg. The extracts at doses 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg showed modest anti-inflammatory activity in a dose dependent manner. The aqueous extract demonstrated better inhibition of paw oedema compared with the ethanolic extract at 200mg/kg after 4hrs. The activity of the standard drug, indomethacin at 25.0 mg/kg was significantly higher (p&lt; 0.05) than those of the extracts. The results suggest that whole plant extract of P. fraternus possess antiinflammatory activity and will be useful in the search for novel anti-inflammatory agents.	In vivo anti-inflammatory; Paw oedema inhibition; Phyllanthus fraternus; Phytochemicals; Sprague-Dawley rats	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904599779	Electrochemical and quantum chemical studies on adsorption and corrosion inhibition performance of quinoline-thiazole derivatives on mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution	Yadav M., Kumar S., Behera D., Bahadur I., Ramjugernath D.	2014	International Journal of Electrochemical Science	9	9	None	Department of Applied Chemistry, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, 826004, India; Thermodynamics Research Unit, School of Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, King George V Avenue, Durban, 4041, South Africa	Yadav, M., Department of Applied Chemistry, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, 826004, India; Kumar, S., Department of Applied Chemistry, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, 826004, India; Behera, D., Department of Applied Chemistry, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, 826004, India; Bahadur, I., Thermodynamics Research Unit, School of Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, King George V Avenue, Durban, 4041, South Africa; Ramjugernath, D., Thermodynamics Research Unit, School of Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, King George V Avenue, Durban, 4041, South Africa	In the present study two quinoline-thiazole derivatives namely, {4-[1-aza-2-(phenyl)vinyl]-3-phenyl-2-thioxo(1,3-thiazoline-5-yl)}-N-[1-aza-2-(2-chloro(3-quinolyl))vinyl] (Inh I) and {4-[1-aza-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)vinyl]-3-phenyl-2-thioxo(1,3-thiazoline-5-yl)}-N-[1-aza-2-(2 chloro (3-quinolyl))vinyl] (Inh II) were synthesized and investigated as an inhibitor for mild steel corrosion in 15% HCl solution by using weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The inhibitors Inh I and Inh II show corrosion inhibition efficiencies of 81.5% and 84.0% at a 20 ppm concentration and 95.0% and 96.3% at a 200 ppm concentration, respectively, at 333 K. It was found that the inhibition efficiency of both the inhibitors increases with an increase in temperature and concentration of inhibitors. Polarization studies show that both the studied inhibitors are of mixed type in nature. The adsorption of inhibitors on the mild steel surface obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were performed for the surface study of uninhibited and inhibited mild steel samples. The semi-empirical AM1 method was employed for theoretical calculations. © 2014 The Authors.	Corrosion inhibition; EIS; Hydrochloric acid; Mild steel; Quantum chemical studies; Quinoline-thiazole derivatives	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884540547	The total completion time: An important performance measure in scheduling	Oyetunji E.O., Oluleye A.E.	2008	International Journal of Soft Computing	3	6	None	Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, University for Development Studies, Ghana; Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Oyetunji, E.O., Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, University for Development Studies, Ghana; Oluleye, A.E., Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Given the problem of scheduling n jobs with release dates on a single machine, we prove that any solution method that minimizes the total completion time (Ctot) also minimizes total flow time (Ftot), total lateness (Ltot), average completion time (Cavg), average flow time (Favg) and average lateness (Lavg). Two approaches (Analytical and Experimental approaches) were adopted to prove this conjecture. © Medvvell Journals, 2008.	Heuristics; Release date; Scheduling; Single-machine; Total completion time	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84861083711	Modeling the impact of voluntary testing and treatment on tuberculosis transmission dynamics	Mushayabasa S., Bhunu C.P.	2012	International Journal of Biomathematics	5	4	10.1142/S1793524511001726	Department of Applied Mathematics, Modeling Biomedical Systems Research Group, National University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 939 Ascot, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe; Department of Mathematics, University of Zimbabwe, P. O. Box MP 167, Harare, Zimbabwe	Mushayabasa, S., Department of Applied Mathematics, Modeling Biomedical Systems Research Group, National University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 939 Ascot, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe; Bhunu, C.P., Department of Mathematics, University of Zimbabwe, P. O. Box MP 167, Harare, Zimbabwe	A deterministic model for evaluating the impact of voluntary testing and treatment on the transmission dynamics of tuberculosis is formulated and analyzed. The epidemiological threshold, known as the reproduction number is derived and qualitatively used to investigate the existence and stability of the associated equilibrium of the model system. The disease-free equilibrium is shown to be locally-asymptotically stable when the reproductive number is less than unity, and unstable if this threshold parameter exceeds unity. It is shown, using the Centre Manifold theory, that the model undergoes the phenomenon of backward bifurcation where the stable disease-free equilibrium co-exists with a stable endemic equilibrium when the associated reproduction number is less than unity. The analysis of the reproduction number suggests that voluntary tuberculosis testing and treatment may lead to effective control of tuberculosis. Furthermore, numerical simulations support the fact that an increase voluntary tuberculosis testing and treatment have a positive impact in controlling the spread of tuberculosis in the community. © 2012 World Scientific Publishing Company.	case findings; reproductive number; stability; TB model; treatment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79951515024	Mathematical Analysis of an HIV/AIDS Model: Impact of Educational Programs and Abstinence in Sub-Saharan Africa	Bhunu C.P., Mushayabasa S., Kojouharov H., Tchuenche J.M.	2011	Journal of Mathematical Modelling and Algorithms	10	1	10.1007/s10852-010-9134-0	Department of Applied Mathematics, Modelling Biomedical Systems Research Group, National University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box AC 939, Ascot, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 OES, United Kingdom; Department of Mathematics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019-0408, United States; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada	Bhunu, C.P., Department of Applied Mathematics, Modelling Biomedical Systems Research Group, National University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box AC 939, Ascot, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 OES, United Kingdom; Mushayabasa, S., Department of Applied Mathematics, Modelling Biomedical Systems Research Group, National University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box AC 939, Ascot, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe; Kojouharov, H., Department of Mathematics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019-0408, United States; Tchuenche, J.M., Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada	We formulate a deterministic HIV/AIDS model to theoretically investigate how counselling and testing coupled with the resulting decrease in sexual activity could affect the HIV epidemic in resource-limited communities. The threshold quantities are determined and stabilities analyzed. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations support the idea that increase in the number of sexually inactive HIV positive individuals who voluntarily abstain from sex has a positive impact on HIV/AIDS control. Results from this theoretical study suggest that effective counselling and testing have a great potential to partially control the epidemic (especially when HIV positive individuals either willingly withdraw from risky sexual activities or disclose their status beforehand) even in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Therefore, more needs to be done in resource-limited settings, such as sub-Saharan Africa, as far as the HIV/AIDS epidemic is concerned and a formalized information, education, and communication strategy should be given prominence in educational campaigns. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.	Abstinence; HIV/AIDS; Reproduction number; Resource-limited; Testing and counselling	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943011778	Entry qualifications and academic performance of architecture students in Nigerian Polytechnics: Are the admission requirements still relevant?	Adewale P.O., Adhuze O.B.	2014	Frontiers of Architectural Research	3	1	10.1016/j.foar.2013.11.002	Department of Architectural Technology, The Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti-State, Nigeria	Adewale, P.O., Department of Architectural Technology, The Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti-State, Nigeria; Adhuze, O.B., Department of Architectural Technology, The Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti-State, Nigeria	The competence of fresh graduates of architecture has been continuously criticized by the industry for inadequate knowledge. This is often blamed on the poor standard of education evidenced by poor performances in professional and degree/diploma examinations conducted by various schools of architecture in the country. Although, factors responsible for the scenario are well documented in the literature, most of these works are based on testimonial and circumstantial evidences relating to management of architectural education only. The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between entry qualifications and the performance of architecture students in Nigerian Polytechnics with a view to determining the relevance of current admission policy to architectural education in Nigeria. Data were obtained from official records in the Department of Architecture in four randomly selected polytechnics in the southwestern part of Nigeria. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (. r) was used to test the hypotheses. Findings reveal weak relationship between the two variables (physics and mathematics). This is contrary to the expectations of most scholars and policy makers who opine that students' proficiency in these subjects would enhance their performance at higher levels. The paper traces the contradiction to the poor handling of public examinations and misconception of architecture as being pure science. It holds that if these requirements are still relied upon for the admission of students into schools of architecture, wrong candidates would continue to gain entry into the profession. The paper concludes by recommending certain measures that are capable of reversing the trend. © 2014 Higher Education Press Limited Company.	Academic performance; Admission criteria; Architecture; Arts; Education; Science	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84936075126	Assessment of the sustainability of public housing projects in Ogun state, Nigeria: A post occupancy evaluation approach	Ibem E.O., Aduwo E.B., Ayo-Vaughan E.K.	2015	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	6	4S2	10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n4s2p523	Department of Architecture, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, KM 10 Idiroko Road, Canaan Land, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Department of Architecture, College of Environmental Sciences, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State,	Ibem, E.O., Department of Architecture, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, KM 10 Idiroko Road, Canaan Land, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Aduwo, E.B., Department of Architecture, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, KM 10 Idiroko Road, Canaan Land, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Ayo-Vaughan, E.K., Department of Architecture, College of Environmental Sciences, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	As the emphasis on sustainability increases among architects and construction professionals, the various ways for achieving sustainability in physical development projects have continued to engage the attention of scholars and researchers across the globe. However, in the context of housing in a developing country like Nigeria, there is a paucity of empirical studies on the sustainability of public housing projects. Therefore, this study aimed at identifying and analyzing the sustainability features of public housing projects in urban areas of Ogun State, Nigeria. A survey of 517 residents in nine public housing estates was conducted between December 2009 and February 2010 in the study area. With the aid of structured questionnaire, interview guide and observation schedule; data were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analyses. Findings show that public housing projects in the study area were evaluated to be sustainable in terms of affordability and building forms responding to site and climatic conditions. The projects were however found to be unsustainable in the use of asbestos-based materials, inadequate provision of domestic spaces and lack of basic social infrastructural facilities. The paper concludes that to achieve sustainability in public housing in Nigeria, there is a need for public housing developers to pay adequate attention to users’ domestic space and basic social infrastructural facilities need in the design, construction and management of housing projects. © 2015, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Housing Characteristics; Nigeria; Ogun State; Public Housing; Survey; Sustainability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84938305048	Performance evaluation of residential buildings in public housing estates in Ogun State, Nigeria: Users' satisfaction perspective	Ibem E.O., Opoko A.P., Adeboye A.B., Amole D.	2013	Frontiers of Architectural Research	2	2	10.1016/j.foar.2013.02.001	Department of Architecture, Covenant University, Ogun State, Nigeria; Department of Architecture, Obafemi Awolowo University, Osun State, Nigeria	Ibem, E.O., Department of Architecture, Covenant University, Ogun State, Nigeria; Opoko, A.P., Department of Architecture, Covenant University, Ogun State, Nigeria; Adeboye, A.B., Department of Architecture, Covenant University, Ogun State, Nigeria; Amole, D., Department of Architecture, Obafemi Awolowo University, Osun State, Nigeria	This study assessed the performance of residential buildings in public housing estates in urban areas of Ogun State Southwest Nigeria. It was based on the notion that users' satisfaction with dwelling units is a measure of the performance of residential buildings in meeting their needs and expectations. A cross sectional survey of 452 household heads in nine public housing estates was conducted in the study area. Data were obtained using structured questionnaire and observation schedule; and were subjected to descriptive statistics and factor analysis. A mean satisfaction score of 3.21 was observed; indicating that the respondents were generally satisfied with the performance of the different components of the buildings. Satisfaction levels were generally higher with privacy and sizes of living and sleeping areas than the availability of water and electricity in the buildings. The type, location and aesthetic appearance as well as size of main activity areas were the most predominant factors that determined satisfaction and indeed the performance of the buildings in meeting users' needs and expectations. The paper highlights critical areas where attention is needed in order to improve the performance of residential buildings and users' satisfaction with public housing projects in Nigeria. © 2013 Higher Education Press Limited Company.	Building performance; Ogun State; Residential buildings; Urban areas; User satisfaction	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84928672661	Investigating dimensions of housing adequacy evaluation by residents in public housing: Factor analysis approach	Ibem E.O., Alagbe O.A.	2015	Facilities	33	42559	10.1108/F-02-2014-0017	Department of Architecture, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; School of Construction Economics and Management, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Ibem, E.O., Department of Architecture, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria, School of Construction Economics and Management, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Alagbe, O.A., Department of Architecture, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria	Purpose – The aim of this study was to investigate the dimensions of housing adequacy evaluation by residents in public housing with a view to identifying how government and construction professionals can deliver adequate housing facilities. Design/methodology/approach – The research is based on household surveys involving 517 respondents selected from nine public housing estates constructed between 2003 and 2010 in Ogun State Southwest Nigeria. The data were collected using structured questionnaire administered to the residents by the researchers through visits to the housing estates. A total of 33 variables derived from the review of the literature were used in measuring housing adequacy. Descriptive statistics and factor analyses were used in analysis of the data. Findings – The study reveals that residents perceived their housing situation as inadequate. They evaluated housing adequacy based on four key dimensions: ambient condition of interiors spaces, security, utilities and neighbourhood facilities; social infrastructure; level of privacy and size of sleeping; and living and dining areas in the residences. These dimensions of housing adequacy evaluation were found not to be exactly the same way experts conceived housing adequacy in the literature. Research limitations/implications – The concept of housing adequacy can be used to examine occupants’ housing preferences and their standard of living, the quality of housing and the performance of mass housing projects. Practical implications – The paper makes practical suggestions to government and construction professionals on how to improve adequacy levels of public housing. Specifically, in the areas of giving more attention to ambient condition of interiors, security, utilities and neighbourhood facilities as well as privacy and sizes of main activities areas in dwelling units in the design, construction and management of public housing projects. Originality/value – The study identifies dimensions of housing adequacy evaluation by residents in public housing and compares these with experts’ conception of housing adequacy. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Housing estates; Post-occupancy evaluation; Public sector; Survey	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943010703	Ownership, structure, and performance of architectural firms	Oluwatayo A.A., Amole D.	2013	Frontiers of Architectural Research	2	1	10.1016/j.foar.2012.12.001	Department of Architecture, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria	Oluwatayo, A.A., Department of Architecture, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Amole, D., Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria	With architectural firms, owners are often managers whose characteristics may influence the firm structure. This study investigated the relationships between ownership characteristics, organizational structure, and performance of architectural firms. Utilizing a sample of architectural firms from Nigeria, a questionnaire survey of 92 architectural firms was carried out. Data were analyzed using multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) and regression analyses. A generally low level of specialization of duties was observed even though professional service firms were defined as highly specialized firms. For most of the firms, level of formalization was moderate or high, while level of centralization was mostly low. Results revealed a direct significant relationship between legal ownership form and formalization dimension of structure. In addition, the centralization dimension of structure influenced firm performance. However, no direct relationship between ownership characteristics and performance was noted, although different fits of ownership characteristics and structural variables were observed. The results suggest that principals of architectural firms should match their characteristics with the firm structure to enhance performance in relation to profit. © 2013 Higher Education Press Limited Company.	Architectural firm; Organizational structure; Ownership; Performance; Professional service firm	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78649253726	Post-occupancy evaluation and residents satisfaction with public housing in Lagos, Nigeria	Ilesanmi A.O.	2010	Journal of Building Appraisal	6	2	10.1057/jba.2010.20	Department of Architecture, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Ilesanmi, A.O., Department of Architecture, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	This study evaluates the residential environments of five low-income and three medium-income public housing estates in Lagos, Nigeria. The specific objectives were: to appraise the physical characteristics of residential buildings in the estates; to examine the socio-economic characteristics of the residents; to determine the relative levels of residents satisfaction; and to analyse the relationship between the physical characteristics and residents satisfaction. The methodology involves an expert rating appraisal conducted by four evaluators and a survey of residents satisfaction. Ten performance criteria were developed and used in assessing the characteristics of the residential environments. Data relating to residents satisfaction were obtained by means of structured questionnaire administered on a systematic sample of 806 household heads, from a sampling frame of 8060 housing units. The quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed a gap in quality between the medium- and low-income estates. The results also showed that 62 per cent of the physical characteristics of the residences are highly correlated with residents satisfaction (r0.62). This buttresses the significance of the physical characteristics of residences in determining the level of residents satisfaction. Such information will enhance the skills of architects and housing administrators to ascertain specific actions that can maximize more satisfactory housing provisions and minimize dissatisfaction as much as possible. © 2010 Macmillan Publishers Ltd.	Lagos; Nigeria; post-occupancy evaluation; public housing; residents; satisfaction	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84878852594	Post-occupancy evaluation of residential satisfaction in Lagos, Nigeria: Feedback for residential improvement	David Jiboye A.	2012	Frontiers of Architectural Research	1	3	10.1016/j.foar.2012.08.001	Department of Architecture, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	David Jiboye, A., Department of Architecture, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	This study is a post-occupancy evaluation of residential satisfaction in Oniru Estate, Lagos, Nigeria. It conceived residents' satisfaction as a measure of people's attitudes towards certain aspects of their residential environment. The very important role of certain physical quality or characteristics of the environment as a dominant predictor of satisfaction is emphasized. Apart from the measurement of residential satisfaction through post-occupancy evaluation, it also utilized respondents' satisfaction scores as indices for evaluating the performance of residential development in the study area. Analysis was done using Chi-square statistics (. p=0.05 with a level of significance of 0.000) to confirm the relationship between the quality of housing physical environment and level of residents' satisfaction. The results show and confirm that the quality of certain physical characteristics in the housing environment is imperative thereby influencing the level of residents' housing satisfaction. The need to consider relevant inputs emanating from the end-users or occupants of residential developments in the planning, design and development of satisfactory dwellings is highlighted. © 2012 Higher Education Press Limited Company.	Evaluation; Housing; Nigeria; Residential improvement; Satisfaction	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949524892	Empirical investigation of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) performance in hospital buildings in Nigeria	Stephen Nimlyat P., Zin Kandar M., Sediadi E.	2015	Jurnal Teknologi	77	14	10.11113/jt.v77.6445	Department of Architecture, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia UTM, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Department of Architecture, University of Jos, Nigeria	Stephen Nimlyat, P., Department of Architecture, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia UTM, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia, Department of Architecture, University of Jos, Nigeria; Zin Kandar, M., Department of Architecture, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia UTM, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Sediadi, E., Department of Architecture, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia UTM, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia	This study investigates and summarises the results of physical measurement of the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in hospital building wards in Plateau State, Nigeria comparing two hospital settings. The results indicate that the mean indoor air temperature in the case study hospital ward buildings exceeded the range of 23-26 °C as recommended by international standards. The temperature levels in the teaching hospital ward buildings were relatively lower than what was obtained in the specialist hospital whose ward buildings lack proper ventilation. The amount of daylight requirement on an average were below 300Lux in the specialist hospital whose façade orientation and window-wall-ratio (WWR) could not allow for maximum sunlight penetration, while it was above 300Lux in the teaching hospital. However, the sound intensity level in both hospital ward buildings ranged between 52.7dBA and 71.3dBA. This study therefore recommend that, hospital building design or retrofitting should employed common strategies towards increasing ventilation and daylight with minimal energy consumption. © 2015 Penerbit UTM Press. All rights reserved.	Environmental quality; Hospital buildings; Indoor; Measurement; Parameters	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867493146	Evaluation of the effectiveness of design strategies for passive ventilation in hot-humid tropical environment: A case study of the design strategies used in student hostels of university of Nigeria, enugu campus	Uzuegbunam F.O., Chukwuali C.B., Mba H.C.	2012	JP Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer	6	3	None	Department of Architecture, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, 400006, Enugu Enugu State, Nigeria; Centre for Environmental Management and Control, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, 400006, Enugu Enugu State, Nigeria	Uzuegbunam, F.O., Department of Architecture, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, 400006, Enugu Enugu State, Nigeria; Chukwuali, C.B., Department of Architecture, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, 400006, Enugu Enugu State, Nigeria; Mba, H.C., Centre for Environmental Management and Control, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, 400006, Enugu Enugu State, Nigeria	The effects of design strategies, namely: ventilation, temperature and relative humidity are usually identified for the thermal comfort they provide in any enclosed space. Incidentally, the effectiveness of the design strategies has eluded limelight for want of empirical scientific data. This study aims at evaluating the effectiveness of design strategies, for passive ventilation in student hostels, located in the hothumid tropical environment of South Eastern Nigeria. Objectives were to determine the difference in effectiveness of the design strategies in the student hostels of the study area; also to determine if there were significant correlations, between design strategies and passive ventilation. Accordingly, the objectives were so hypothesized. The methodology included simulations performed, with the PHOENICS-VR program. Principal component analysis, analysis of variance and correlation techniques were also used. The results confirmed significant correlations between the three design strategies and passive ventilation. Also, their effectiveness was indexed and ranked for appropriate application. © 2012 Pushpa Publishing House.	Design strategy; Evaluation; Hothumid tropical environment; Passive ventilation; Student hostels	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949475648	E(Lab)orating performance: transnationalism and blended learning in the theatre classroom	Cloete N., Dinesh N., Hazou R.T., Matchett S.	2015	Research in Drama Education	20	4	10.1080/13569783.2015.1065723	Department of Art History, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Drama, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; School of English and Media Studies, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand	Cloete, N., Department of Art History, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Dinesh, N., Department of Drama, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Hazou, R.T., School of English and Media Studies, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand; Matchett, S., Department of Drama, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa	E(Lab)orating Performance is a transnational collaborative teaching and learning project involving Massey University (New Zealand), University of Cape Town (South Africa), UWC Mahindra College (India), and University of the Witwatersrand (South Africa). The project was devised to facilitate creative engagements between students and educators in theatre and performance classrooms at the participating institutions. By using online platforms to create transnational teaching and learning spaces, the project explored the affordances and the limitations of blended learning approaches to ‘live’ disciplines like Theatre and Performance Studies. In addition to exploring aspects of blended learning, the project was guided by an assumption that it might facilitate transnational cultural citizenship, through which participating students and educators might develop cosmopolitan engagements and openness to cultural differences. This paper critically examines the E(Lab)orating Performance project by providing an overview, a reflection on its various productive mistranslations, and a consideration of its effectiveness as a teaching and learning initiative. © 2015 Taylor & Francis.	blended learning; collaborative teaching; cosmopolitanism; cultural citizenship; documentary theatre; selfie performance; transnational learning	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894456748	Impact of magnification and size bias on the weak lensing power spectrum and peak statistics	Liu J., Haiman Z., Hui L., Kratochvil J.M., May M.	2014	Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology	89	2	10.1103/PhysRevD.89.023515	Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States; Institute for Strings, Cosmology, and Astroparticle Physics (ISCAP), Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States; Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States; Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States; Astrophysics and Cosmology Research Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, 4000, South Africa; Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States	Liu, J., Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States; Haiman, Z., Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States, Institute for Strings, Cosmology, and Astroparticle Physics (ISCAP), Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States; Hui, L., Institute for Strings, Cosmology, and Astroparticle Physics (ISCAP), Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States, Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States; Kratochvil, J.M., Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States, Astrophysics and Cosmology Research Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, 4000, South Africa; May, M., Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States	The weak lensing power spectrum is a powerful tool to probe cosmological parameters. Additionally, lensing peak counts contain cosmological information beyond the power spectrum. Both of these statistics can be affected by the preferential selection of source galaxies in patches of the sky with high magnification, as well as by the dilution in the source galaxy surface density in such regions. If not accounted for, these biases introduce systematic errors for cosmological measurements. Here we quantify these systematic errors, using convergence maps from a suite of ray-tracing N-body simulations. At the cutoff magnitude m of ongoing and planned major weak lensing surveys, the logarithmic slope of the cumulative number counts s≡d log n(>m)/d log m is in the range 0.1â‰sâ‰0.5. At s≈0.2, expected in the I band for Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, the inferred values of Ωm, w, and σ8 are biased by many σ (where σ denotes the marginalized error), and therefore the biases will need to be carefully modeled. We also find that the parameters are biased differently in the (Ωm, w, σ8) parameter space when the power spectrum and the peak counts are used. In particular, w derived from the power spectrum is less affected than w derived from peak counts, while the opposite is true for the best-constrained combination of σ8Ωmγ (with γ=0.62 from the power spectrum and γ=0.48 from peak counts). This suggests that the combination of the power spectrum and peak counts can help mitigate the impact of magnification and size biases. © 2014 American Physical Society.	None	None	AST-1210877, NSF, National Science Foundation
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956507919	Firms' Performance and Lending Constraints in Nigeria	Obamuyi T.M.	2010	Journal of Entrepreneurship	19	2	10.1177/097135571001900205	Department of Banking and Finance, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria	Obamuyi, T.M., Department of Banking and Finance, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria	This study analyses how banks' lending affects firms' performance and identifies some of the factors that have constrained finance to the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) sector, both on the supply and demand sides. The article is based on the case study of sample of 260 SMEs and interviews with managers of commercial banks in Ondo State, Nigeria. The results show that the firms that received bank loans performed better than those without loans. The study reveals that firms were reluctant to obtain loans from the banks because of high interest rates and stringent lending policies. The banks were also constrained due to the poor credit worthiness of the firms. The government should formulate policies that will compel banks to relax their stringent regulations which discourage borrowings. There should be entrepreneurial education for the entrepreneurs on financial recordings and business management.	firm performance; lending constraints; SMEs in Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84865957348	FDI flows to sub-saharan Africa: The impact of finance, institutions, and natural resource endowment	Ezeoha A.E., Cattaneo N.	2012	Comparative Economic Studies	54	3	10.1057/ces.2012.18	Department of Banking and Finance, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State 09234, Nigeria; Department of Economics and Economic History, Rhodes University, South Africa	Ezeoha, A.E., Department of Banking and Finance, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State 09234, Nigeria; Cattaneo, N., Department of Economics and Economic History, Rhodes University, South Africa	Using a panel data from 38 Sub-Sahara African (SSA) countries and a dynamic system GMM model, this study examines the individual and interactive impact of financial development, institutional quality, and natural resource endowment on both the stock and the flow of inward foreign direct investment (FDI) to the region. It finds that inward FDI is more dynamic in non-resource-rich than in resource-rich countries; that in non-resource-rich countries, foreign investors rely more on the efficiency of the governance institutions, but in resource-rich countries, the formal financial system provides alternative platform for managing the stock of existing FDI, as well as for providing financial allocative and intermediation roles; that the impact of natural resource endowment and macroeconomic factors are more robust in the stock than it is in the flow of inward FDI; that the capacity of an SSA country's financial system to attract and support foreign investments is dependent on the quality of her telecommunication infrastructure, the quality of legal and governance structures, and the kind of FDI in question; that the positive impact of infrastructure on FDI depends on the size of a country's market; and that although natural resource endowment appears to be key source of inward FDI to SSA countries, its importance has diminished since the start of 2000. © 2012 ACES. All rights reserved.	Africa; FDI; financial development; institutions; resources	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-53749102027	Impact of share capitalization on bank profitability in Nigeria	Aburime U.T., Uche C.U.	2008	European Journal of Scientific Research	19	3	None	Department of Banking and Finance, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria	Aburime, U.T., Department of Banking and Finance, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria; Uche, C.U., Department of Banking and Finance, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria	This paper is an empirical analysis of the impact of share capitalization on bank profitability in Nigeria. Analyzing data captured from 98 banks in 479 observations over the 1989-2004 period, results of the empirical estimations suggest that it was only during the 1989-1991 estimation period that share capital amount and status had significant effect on bank profitability in Nigeria. Therefore, upward regulations of the minimum quantum of bank share capital in Nigeria in 1997, 2000, 2001, and 2004, geared towards minimizing distress in the Nigerian banking industry, were inappropriate strategies. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2008.	Bank; Capital; Distress; Profitability; Regulation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84898757173	Impact of corruption on economic growth in Nigeria	Odi N.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	6 SPEC. ISSUE	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n6p41	Department of Banking and Finance, Kogi State University, Anyigba Kogi, Nigeria	Odi, N., Department of Banking and Finance, Kogi State University, Anyigba Kogi, Nigeria	Corruption is an ancient practice that has been traced back to pre-biblical time and made itself known in the ancient civilizations of developed and developing countries. This study empirically investigates the impact of corruption on the growth of Nigerian economy using granger causality and regression techniques. The study used gross domestic product (GDP) as a proxy of economic growth and corruption index as a proxy of corruption in our analysis. The study revealed that the level of corruption in Nigeria over the years has significant negative impact on economic growth in Nigeria. The implication of this study is that economy cannot grow fast without zero tolerance in corruption. The study recommended that the policies that will enhance economic growth are expected to be encouraged in reducing corruption and poverty so that the level of economic growth can be improved. And that the activities or programmes of the anti-corruption agencies in Nigeria such as the Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC) and the Independent Corrupt Practices and related Offences Commission (ICPC) should be strengthened.	Co-integration; Corruption; Economic growth; EFCC; ICPC	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79959697143	Relationship between regulation and performance of Nigerian commercial banks	Okezie A.C., Tella S., Akingunola R.	2011	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	33	None	Department of Banking and Finance, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State Nigeria P. O. Box 6241, Shomolu, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Economics, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State Nigeria P. O. Box 1166, Ijebu-Ode, Ogun Stat	Okezie, A.C., Department of Banking and Finance, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State Nigeria P. O. Box 6241, Shomolu, Lagos, Nigeria; Tella, S., Department of Economics, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State Nigeria P. O. Box 1166, Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State, Nigeria; Akingunola, R., Department of Banking and Finance, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, P.M.B 2002, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria	The study set out to find the relationship between commercial banks' regulation and their performance, using the period 1986 - 2004. Granger Causality test, OLS regression analysis and charting, were applied to regulation, measured by the quotient of the number of banks and the number of on-site examination and performance measured by the reciprocal of the number of distressed banks. For the entire period 1986 - 2004, there was no relationship between banks' performance and regulation. However, for both the periods, 1986-1995 and 1996-2004, the level of banks' performance determined the level of regulation, implying that banking supervision policy was reactive rather than proactive. The study, therefore, endorses the move to shift from the transaction bank supervision method to the risk based approach. © EuroJournals, Inc. 2011.	Bank performance; Regulation; Risk based supervision; Transaction based supervision	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-58149377947	Corporate governance and firm performance in Africa: A dynamic panel data analysis	Kyereboah-Coleman A.	2008	Journal for Studies in Economics and Econometrics	32	2	None	Department of Banking and Finance, University of Ghana, Business School, Legon, Ghana; University of Stellenbosch, Business School, Cape Town, South Africa	Kyereboah-Coleman, A., Department of Banking and Finance, University of Ghana, Business School, Legon, Ghana, University of Stellenbosch, Business School, Cape Town, South Africa	The study examined the effect of corporate governance on the performance of firms in Africa by using both market and accounting based performance measures. Unique data from 103 firms drawn from Ghana, South Africa, Nigeria and Kenya covering the five year period 1997-2001 was used and analysis done within the dynamic panel data framework. Results indicate that the direction and the extent of impact of governance is dependent on the performance measure being examined. Specifically, our findings show that large and independent boards enhance firm value and that combining the positions of CEO and board chair has a negative impact on corporate performance. We also find that CEO's tenure in office enhances a firm's profitability whiles board activity intensity affects profitability negatively. The size of audit committees and the frequency of their meetings have positive influence on market based performance measures and that institutional shareholding enhances market valuation of firms. For enhanced performance of corporate entities, we recommend a clear separation of the positions of CEO and board chair and also to maintain relatively independent audit committees.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84857718934	The impact of micro-credit on poverty alleviation and human capital development: Evidence from Nigeria	Onwumere J.U.J., Ibe I.G., Ugbam O.C.	2012	European Journal of Social Sciences	28	3	None	Department of Banking and Finance, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria; Department of Banking and Finance, Renaissance University, Ugwanka, Enugu, Nigeria; Department of Management, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria	Onwumere, J.U.J., Department of Banking and Finance, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria; Ibe, I.G., Department of Banking and Finance, Renaissance University, Ugwanka, Enugu, Nigeria; Ugbam, O.C., Department of Management, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria	One of the main policy objectives for the establishment of microfinance banks in Nigeria was to assist small and medium scale enterprises in Nigeria in raising their productive capacity and level of employment generation, thus alleviating poverty and enhancing human capital development. It is against this background that this study empirically examines the impact of microcredit granted by microfinance banks on poverty alleviation and enhancement of human capital development in Nigeria from 1999-2008. The study adopted the OLS regression technique to test the hypotheses formulated. Microfinance Banks financial intermediation activities are proxied by loans to deposits ratio as the independent variable while poverty index (PI) and Human Development Index (HDI) are the dependent variables. The results generally indicate that financial intermediation activities of Microfinance banks in Nigeria had negative non-significant impact on poverty index and a positive impact on human capital development within the period under study. It accordingly recommended that government should create an enabling environment for microfinance banks to increase the rate of financial intermediation activity as to reverse the trend observed on the impact of microcredit on poverty alleviation as well as continual improvement in human capital development of Nigerian citizens. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2012.	Human capital development; Microcredit; Poverty alleviation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867812779	Board characteristics and the financial performance of Nigerian quoted firms	Ujunwa A.	2012	Corporate Governance (Bingley)	12	5	10.1108/14720701211275587	Department of Banking and Finance, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria	Ujunwa, A., Department of Banking and Finance, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria	Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of corporate board characteristics on the financial performance of Nigerian quoted firms. Board characteristics studied comprise board size, board skill, board nationality, board gender, board ethnicity and CEO duality. Design/methodology/approach: The study employed the random-effects and fixed-effects generalised least squares (GLS) regression to test the six hypotheses formulated for the study, while controlling for firm size and firm age. Findings: Using panel data from 122 quoted firms in Nigeria between 1991 and 2008, it was found that board size, CEO duality and gender diversity were negatively linked with firm performance, whereas board nationality, board ethnicity and the number of board members with a PhD qualification were found to impact positively on firm performance. The result of the robustness test using the same board characteristics for 160 small firms showed that board duality was positively linked to firm performance, while a PhD qualification was negatively linked to firm performance. Practical implications: The study contributes to the understanding of the board-performance link by examining both the traditional variables such as board size, CEO duality and other organisational attributes such as ethnic diversity, foreign nationality and competence variables represented by women and PhD holders, respectively. The results provide an insight for practitioners and policy makers on the importance of relying on institutional specifics in the prescription of corporate governance codes. Originality/value: The study adds value to the global corporate governance discourse in two ways: first, the use of Nigeria, which is claimed to have one of the weakest business cultures in the world, and secondly, using a good number of proxies that are country-specific for corporate boards. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Board characteristics; Boards of Directors; Corporate governance; Firm performance; Regression analysis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84910092963	Corporate board diversity and firm performance: Evidence from Nigeria	Ujunwa A., Nwakoby I., Ugbam C.O.	2012	Corporate Ownership and Control	9	2 Continued 1	None	Department of Banking and Finance, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria; Department of Management, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria	Ujunwa, A., Department of Banking and Finance, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria; Nwakoby, I., Department of Banking and Finance, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria; Ugbam, C.O., Department of Management, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria	This paper investigates the impact of corporate board diversity on the financial performance of Nigerian quoted firms using a panel data of 122 quoted Nigerian firms. The aspects of board diversity studied comprise board nationality, board gender and board ethnicity. The Fixed Effect Generalised Least Square Regression is used to examine the impact of board diversity on firm performance for the period: 1991-2008. The results show that gender diversity was negatively linked with firm performance, while board nationality and board ethnicity were positive in predicting firm performance. The study provides insights for practitioners and policy makers on the need to view the board as a strategic resource in line with the resource dependency theory instead of viewing the board solely from agency theory perspective. © 2012, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Board of directors; Corporate governance; Diversity; Firm performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84857773152	Bivariate causality analysis on the impact of FDI inflows and economic growth in Nigeria	Egbo O.P.	2011	Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce	16	3	None	Department of Banking, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria	Egbo, O.P., Department of Banking, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria	The aim of this study is to find out the direction of causality between foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth (GDP) in Nigeria for a period of 40 years, which is between 1970 to 2009. The study employed in its analysis, the use of Ordinary Least Square (OLS), the unit root test was used to test for stationarity of the time series, the Johansen Cointegration test was used to test for the existence of long-run relationship among the variables and finally, Granger causality test, to establish the causal relationship between the variables. The stationarity test (unit root) was carried out in other to ascertain the order of integration among the variables. The variables foreign direct investment (FDI) and gross domestic product (GDP) were found to be non-stationary at their level and first difference with 2 lags. They were thus integrated of order one 1(1). The Cointegration test which was done using Johansen Cointegration test, revealed that the variables were cointegrated and had a unchanging relationship in the long-run. To check for the direction of causality, the Granger causality test was employed and it indicated that a causality relationship ran from FDIs to GDP which showed a uni-directional relationship. From the result of this work, it was ascertained that during the period under study, that there was a positive relationship between FDI and GDP which is a strong indication that FDI leads to economic growth in Nigeria. © Obiamaka Egbo, 2011.	Causality and cointegration; Economic growth; Foreign direct investment (FDI); Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84910088273	Managers and employees’ perception of the impact of electronic banking on bank operational efficiency. A case of commercial banks in Zimbabwe	Muwando S., Webb M.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	23	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n23p85	Department of Banking, National University of Science Technology (NUST), Zimbabwe; National University of Science Technology (NUST), Zimbabwe	Muwando, S., Department of Banking, National University of Science Technology (NUST), Zimbabwe; Webb, M., National University of Science Technology (NUST), Zimbabwe	The main objective of the paper is to assess the managers and employees’ perception of the impact of electronic banking on operational efficiency of commercial banks in Zimbabwe. An exploratory research design was employed to address the objectives of the study. Fifteen commercial banks operating in Bulawayo were chosen. The sample of the study consists of eighty participants composed of sixty management staff and twenty employees. A questionnaire and personal interviews were used to solicit information from the participants. The results revealed that electronic banking enhanced the operational efficiency of the commercial banks in Zimbabwe. There is need for the government to improve its legislation and telecommunication infrastructure for the banks to enjoy on a full scale the benefits of electronic banking. © 2014 Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Commercial banks; Electronic banking; Operational efficiency; Zimbabwe	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33745586289	Performance of sorghum/soyabean mixtures at varying planting arrangements and nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer rates in the Northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria	Haruna I.M., Rahman S.A., Alhassan U.	2006	Tropical Science	46	2	10.1002/ts.62	Department of Basic Sciences, College of Agriculture, Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, PMB 135, Lafia, Nigeria	Haruna, I.M., Department of Basic Sciences, College of Agriculture, Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria; Rahman, S.A., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, PMB 135, Lafia, Nigeria; Alhassan, U., Department of Basic Sciences, College of Agriculture, Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria	Sorghum/soyabean intercrops were more effective and gave a better economic return with alternate row arrangement and the application of 100 kg N/ha and 13.2 kg P/ha. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.	Fertilizer rates; Nigeria; Planting arrangements; Sorghum/soyabean mixture	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903945211	Evaluation of acute and sub-chronic toxicities of Vensestin Cleansers: A polyherbal supplement in female Wistar albino rats	Patrick-Iwuanyanwu K.C., Okon E.A., Orisakwe O.E.	2014	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	4	6	10.7324/JAPS.2014.40611	Department of Biochemistry (Toxicology unit), Faculty of Chemical Sciences, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Toxicology unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Rive	Patrick-Iwuanyanwu, K.C., Department of Biochemistry (Toxicology unit), Faculty of Chemical Sciences, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Okon, E.A., Department of Biochemistry (Toxicology unit), Faculty of Chemical Sciences, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Orisakwe, O.E., Toxicology unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria	The acute and sub-chronic toxicities of Venestin Cleansers® (VC)-a polyherbal supplement in female Wistar Albino Rats Was Evaluated. Acute toxicity of VC in rats was determined. Twenty four weight-matched animals divided into 3 groups of eight rats each were given feed and water only (control), feed + water + 500 mg/kg and feed + water + 1000 mg/kg VC for 28-days. Feed and fluid intakes were measured daily and body weight was taken weekly. Blood was collected by cardiac puncture and necropsy was done after 28 days. Liver and ovary were harvested and histopathological analysis was done. Liver and renal functions tests were carried out. Administration of 2000 mg/kg of VC showed no mortality in the rats after 14 days. Fluid , feed intakes and body weight were increased by 500 and 1000mg/kg VC. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase activities increased significantly (p≤0.05) after VC administration. There was significant (p≤0.05) increase in conjugated bilirubin and total protein levels following administration of 500 and 1000mg/kg VC. Liver histology of the 500 and 1000 mg/kg of VC treated groups showed widespread ballooning, degeneration of the hepatocytes, periportal infiltration by chronic inflammatory cells with loss of radial arrangement of hepatocytes around the central veins. Histological examination of the ovaries showed areas of luteinized stromal cells, normal follicles, normal fallopian tubes. Chronic exposure of VC may have public health importance in man. © 2014 Kingsley C. Patrick-Iwuanyanwu et al.	Hepatotoxicity; Herbal supplements; Public health; Risk assessment; Safety	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873339305	Evaluation of hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of Annona muricata (Linn.) leaf against carbon tetrachloride and acetaminophen-induced liver damage	Arthur F.K.N., Woode E., Terlabi E.O., Larbie C.	2012	International Journal of Shoulder Surgery	6	2	10.4103/2229-5119.96957	Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Department of Pharmacology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Arthur, F.K.N., Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Woode, E., Department of Pharmacology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Terlabi, E.O., Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Larbie, C., Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Introduction: Liver diseases and jaundice have continued to be a major health problem in the world's population with most conventional drugs not being adequate for treatment. The study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity and antijaundice property of aqueous extract of Annona muricata (Linn.) against carbon tetrachloride- (CCl4) and acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley rat model. Materials and Methods: Liver damage and hepatic jaundice were induced in experimental animals by administering CCl4 and acetaminophen after pretreatment with aqueous extract of A. muricata. The aqueous extract at 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg was administered for 7 days by oral route. Silymarin (100 mg/kg) was given as the standard hepatoprotective drug. Hepatoprotective effect was studied by assaying the activity of serum marker enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, and triglycerides while antijaundice effect was assayed by measuring serum total bilirubin and indirect bilirubin concentration. Results: The activity of all the marker enzymes registered significant increases in CCl4- and acetaminophen-treated rats, decreases in cholesterol and triglyceride concentration, and increases in total and indirect bilirubin, an indication of hepatic jaundice. A. muricata at all doses significantly restored liver function toward normal levels which compared well against silymarin control. Histopathological analysis of liver sections confirmed biochemical investigations. Conclusion: The results indicate that leaves of A. muricata possess hepatoprotective activity and can treat hepatic jaundice.	acetaminophen; Annona muricata; carbon tetrachloride; jaundice	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943621072	Impact of fiscal policy variables on economic growth in Nigeria (1970-2012): A managerial economics persperctive	Igwe A., Emmanuel E.C., Ukpere W.I.	2015	Investment Management and Financial Innovations	12	2	None	Department of Management, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Department of Economics, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria; Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, Faculty of Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	Igwe, A., Department of Management, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Emmanuel, E.C., Department of Economics, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria; Ukpere, W.I., Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, Faculty of Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	This study is set out to investigate the impact of fiscal policy variables (capital expenditure, recurrent expenditure and direct income tax) on economic growth in Nigeria. The study adopts a growth accounting framework that specifies economic growth as a function of the fiscal policy variables. Using a time series data for the period 1970-2012, the study tests for the presence of unit root test, using the augmented Dickey-Fuller test for stationarity. It is discovered that all the variables are integrated at I(1). The Johansen cointegration reveals the presence of a long run relationship between economic growth and all the dependent variables (CX, RX and TX). The VECM analysis indicates that capital expenditure and recurrent expenditure are positively related and statistically significant in determining economic growth in the long run. As expected, direct income tax is inversely related and statistically significant in determining economic growth in the long run. A 1% increase in capital expenditure leads to an increase of 3.94% in income. A 1% increase in recurrent expenditure leads to an increase of 3.22% in income. On the other hand, a 1% increase in direct income tax leads to a fall of 6.83% in national output. Moreover, only tax determines economic growth in the short run, as a 1% in direct income tax causes national output to fall by 0.39%. These results meet apriori expectations with respect to their signs. GDP adjusts to its long run equilibrium when there is a shock at a slow speed of 3.07%. The pairwise granger causality indicates that causality relationship does not exist between any of the fiscal policy variables and economic growth. Based on these results, the study recommends the adoption of tax policies that would spur growth instead of retarding growth with a wide margin, as has been observed from the study. Efforts should be made to skew the pattern of public spending towards capital expenditure as it leads to higher growth than recurrent expenditure. © Anthony Igwe, Edeh Chukwudi Emmanuel, Wilfred I. Ukpere, 2015.	Capital; Economic growth; Fiscal policy; Government; Taxation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939994772	Kolaviron, a Garcinia kola Biflavonoid Complex, Protects Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: Pertinent Mechanistic Insights from Biochemical and Physical Evaluations in Rat Brain	Akinmoladun A.C., Akinrinola B.L., Olaleye M.T., Farombi E.O.	2015	Neurochemical Research	40	4	10.1007/s11064-015-1527-z	Department of Biochemistry, The Federal University of Technology, School of Sciences, Akure, Nigeria; Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Ciencias Biologicas-biofisica, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chag	Akinmoladun, A.C., Department of Biochemistry, The Federal University of Technology, School of Sciences, Akure, Nigeria, Ciencias Biologicas-biofisica, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho (IBCCF), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Bloco G, Cidade Universitaria, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Akinrinola, B.L., Department of Biochemistry, The Federal University of Technology, School of Sciences, Akure, Nigeria; Olaleye, M.T., Department of Biochemistry, The Federal University of Technology, School of Sciences, Akure, Nigeria; Farombi, E.O., Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	The pathophysiology of stroke is characterized by biochemical and physical alterations in the brain. Modulation of such aberrations by therapeutic agents affords insights into their mechanism of action. Incontrovertible evidences that oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of neurologic disorders have brought antioxidative compounds, especially plant phytochemicals, under increasing focus as potential remedies for the prevention and management of neurodegenerative diseases. Kolaviron, a biflavonoid complex isolated from Garciniakola Heckel (Guttiferae) was evaluated for neuroprotectivity in brains of male Wistar rats submitted to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion-induced global ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R). Animals were divided into six groups: sham treated, vehicle (I/R), 50 mg/kg kolaviron + I/R, 100 mg/kg kolaviron + I/R, 200 mg/kg kolaviron + I/R and quercetin (20 mg/kg i.p.) + I/R. The common carotid arteries were occluded for 30 min followed by 2 h of reperfusion. Relative brain weight and brain water content were determined and oxidative stress and neurochemical markers were also evaluated. I/R caused significant decreases in glutathione level and the activities of enzymic antioxidants, the sodium pump and acetylcholinesterase while significant increases were recorded in relative brain weight, brain water content, lipid peroxidation and the activities of glutamine synthetase and myeloperoxidase. There was a remarkable ablation of I/R induced oxidative stress, neurochemical aberrations and brain edema in animals pretreated with kolaviron. The results suggested that the protection afforded by kolaviron probably involved regulation of redox and electrolyte homeostasis as well as anti-inflammatory and antiexcitotoxic mechanisms. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York.	Global cerebral ischemia; Kolaviron; Neuroprotection; Phytochemicals; Stroke	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84945306054	Performance of umar-srimat on soil water conservation and weed control in system of rice intensification	Mohammed U., Wayayok A., Soom M.A.M., Abdan K.	2015	Jurnal Teknologi	76	15	10.11113/jt.v76.5956	Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Department of Agricultural Education, School of Vocational Education, Umar Suleiman College of Education Gashua, P.M.B. 02, Gashua,	Mohammed, U., Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia, Department of Agricultural Education, School of Vocational Education, Umar Suleiman College of Education Gashua, P.M.B. 02, Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria; Wayayok, A., Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia, Smart Farming Technology Research Centre, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Soom, M.A.M., Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia, Smart Farming Technology Research Centre, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Abdan, K., Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia	Weed emergence is among the most important problems in system of rice intensification (SRI) due to extensive planting geometry of at least 25 × 25 cm and moist environment, thereby leading to water loss by means of evaporation from the broad space as a result of the extensive planting geometry, and transpiration by the weeds. This reduces the additional water saving which affect the potential of SRI water productivity. It also reduces rice crop yields up to 70% if there is no weed control attempted. Nowadays, weed is being controlled by manual weeder which is labour demanding, while motorized weeders overcome the problem but still, it able to remove the weeds before rice canopy closure or 30 days after transplanting (DAT). This research was designed to evaluate the performance of UMAR-SRImat on soil moisture conservation and weed control. UMAR-SRImat was made using flaked rice straw and biodegradable adhesive. The design was laid out using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three treatments [without soil cover (T1), SRImat (T2), UMAR-SRImat (T3)] and three replications. The analysis was conducted using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Volumetric moisture content (VMC) was determined at 18 and 25 DAT. Weeds were observed and recorded to determine the weed dry weight and weed control efficiency at 20, 40 and 60 DAT. Plant height per hill was measured at 30 and 50 DAT, likewise, the number of tillers were counted at 30 and 50 DAT. The result of VMC showed that UMAR-SRImat significantly conserved water higher than the control treatment at 18 and 25 DAT of 3100.0a and 2680.0a m3/ha, respectively. The effectiveness of UMARSRImat mulched was 100% at 20 DAT 99.64% at 40 DAT and 97.99% at 60 DAT. This research revealed that UMAR-SRImat mulch could retain soil moisture and suppressed weeds up to 60 DAT. © 2015, Penerbit UTM Press. All rights reserved.	Bio-composite technology; Moisture content; Rice yield; Sustainable farming	None	None
None	None	Evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of extracts from medicinal plants used for the treatment of malaria in Kagera and Lindi regions, Tanzania	Nondo R.S.O., Moshi M.J., Erasto P., Zofou D., Njouendou A.J., Wanji S., Ngemenya M.N., Kidukuli A.W., Masimba P.J., Titanji V.P.K.	2015	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	5	4	10.7324/JAPS.2015.50402	Department of Biological and Pre-Clinical Studies, Institute of Traditional Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Biotechnology Unit, University of Buea, Buea, South West Region, Cameroon; Research Foundation in Tropical Diseases and Environment, Buea, South West Region, Cameroon	Nondo, R.S.O., Department of Biological and Pre-Clinical Studies, Institute of Traditional Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Moshi, M.J., Department of Biological and Pre-Clinical Studies, Institute of Traditional Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Erasto, P., National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Zofou, D., Biotechnology Unit, University of Buea, Buea, South West Region, Cameroon, Research Foundation in Tropical Diseases and Environment, Buea, South West Region, Cameroon; Njouendou, A.J., Research Foundation in Tropical Diseases and Environment, Buea, South West Region, Cameroon; Wanji, S., Research Foundation in Tropical Diseases and Environment, Buea, South West Region, Cameroon; Ngemenya, M.N., Biotechnology Unit, University of Buea, Buea, South West Region, Cameroon; Kidukuli, A.W., Department of Biological and Pre-Clinical Studies, Institute of Traditional Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Masimba, P.J., Department of Biological and Pre-Clinical Studies, Institute of Traditional Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Titanji, V.P.K., Biotechnology Unit, University of Buea, Buea, South West Region, Cameroon	A number of medicinal plants used for treatment of malaria in Tanzania have been documented, but information on their safety and efficacy is still based on traditional knowledge accumulated over years and not on pre-clinical and clinical evaluation. The present study aimed to assess the cytotoxic activity of extracts of selected plant species used for treatment of malaria in Tanzania. Ethanol extracts were evaluated for cytoxicity by using MTT assay on LLC-MK2 cells and by brine shrimp lethality assay. Forty five (93.75%) out of 48 crude extracts assessed using LLC-MK2 cells were non-cytotoxic while three extracts (6.25%) were cytotoxic with CC<inf>50</inf> <30 μg/mL (cut-off point). In the brine shrimp assay 30 (65.2%) out of 46 extracts tested were non-toxic while 16 extracts (34.8%) were toxic (LC<inf>50</inf> <100 μg/mL). Antiaris toxicaria stem bark extract was the most cytotoxic to mammalian cells. This study demonstrates that, most of the antimalarial plants tested were non-toxic. These observations corroborate with traditional healers' claims that the herbal medicines used in their areas are safe. However, further studies using different toxicity models are suggested to further confirm their claims. © 2015 Ramadhani SO Nondo et al.	Brine shrimps assay; LLC-MK2 cells; Malaria; Medicinal plants; Tanzania; Toxicity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80054759793	Mangrove litter biomass input in a forest impacted by human physical disturbance, Gazi Bay, Kenya	Kihia C.M., Mathooko J.M., Ruwa R.K., Shivoga A.W.	2010	Ecotropica	16	2	None	Department of Biological Science, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton, Kenya; Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, P.O. Box 81651, Mombasa, Kenya	Kihia, C.M., Department of Biological Science, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton, Kenya; Mathooko, J.M., Department of Biological Science, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton, Kenya; Ruwa, R.K., Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, P.O. Box 81651, Mombasa, Kenya; Shivoga, A.W., Department of Biological Science, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton, Kenya	This study investigated the impact of human physical disturbance on litter yield in a mangrove forest by comparing amount and composition of litterfall between disturbed and relatively undisturbed sites in Gazi mangrove forest. Litter was trapped using littertraps suspended from trees at the upper and lower intertidal zones of the four sites. Litterfall material was collected fortnightly from October 2001 to June 2003, and dry weight of components determined and compared using ANOVA. Physical disturbance reported from the forest include tree cutting, digging for bait, and trampling by man and vehicles which were more prevalent at the disturbed sites than comparable undisturbed sites. Annual litter production in the Gazi forest was 4.3 t ha-1 yr-1 and was dominated by leaves of Rhizophora mucronata, which constituted 39% of litter components. Disturbed sites recorded significantly lower litterfall than corresponding undisturbed sites (ANOVA, P &lt; 0.01), an increase (10%) in litter yield of Avicennia marina leaves, and 20% and 30% declines respectively in R. mucronata leaf and flower productivity. The decline in litter biomass and its changing composition were attributed to changes in predominant mangrove species as a result of size, site, and species selection by harvesters and the competitive ability of regenerating and uncut trees. © Society for Tropical Ecology.	Composition; Harvesting; Litterfall; Selectivity; Species change	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-82755166949	Evaluation of cowpea germplasm lines for protein and mineral concentrations in grains	Boukar O., Massawe F., Muranaka S., Franco J., Maziya-Dixon B., Singh B., Fatokun C.	2011	Plant Genetic Resources: Characterisation and Utilisation	9	4	10.1017/S1479262111000815	International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), PMB 5320, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	Boukar, O., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), PMB 5320, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Massawe, F., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), PMB 5320, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Muranaka, S., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), PMB 5320, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Franco, J., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), PMB 5320, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Maziya-Dixon, B., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), PMB 5320, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Singh, B., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), PMB 5320, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Fatokun, C., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), PMB 5320, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	Cowpea, an indigenous crop to sub-Saharan Africa, is found mainly in the dry savanna regions along with cereals such as millets and sorghum. Cowpea is grown primarily for human consumption of the grains, which are rich in protein, carbohydrates and contain some minerals. The development and deployment of cowpea varieties with higher nutritional value will be of immense benefit to consumers. As a first step in the enhancement of mineral content in cowpea grains, several germplasm lines (1541) of different origins and obtained from the genetic resources unit at IITA were sown in the experimental field in Minjibir, Kano State, Nigeria. The grains were analysed for protein and nine mineral contents. However, in this study, we shall report data on crude protein, Fe, Zn, Ca, Mg, K and P. The data generated from the chemical analysis were subjected to the 'mixture of normal distributions' clustering method, which distributed the cowpea lines into nine groups. Groups G7 and G9 contained 174 genotypes and these were characterized by high mineral concentrations. The mean nutritional content values for group G9 were 24.7% for protein, and 58.9, 41.5, 1107, 2132, 15,282 and 5664 mg/kg for Fe, Zn, Ca, Mg, K and P, respectively. On the other hand, the 363 lines making up groups G2, G3 and G6 showed low amounts of nutrients in their grains. Some of the lines in G7 and G9 would be good as parents to use in breeding programmes that aimed at developing nutrient-dense cowpea varieties. © Copyright NIAB 2011.	cowpea; diversity; mineral composition; nutritional value; Vigna unguiculata	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33845417015	Quality evaluation of water sources in Ife North Local Government area of Osun State, Nigeria	Oluyemi E.A., Adekunle A.S., Makinde W.O., Kaisam J.P., Adenuga A.A., Oladipo A.A.	2006	European Journal of Scientific Research	15	3	None	Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Centre for Energy Research and Development, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Oluyemi, E.A., Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Adekunle, A.S., Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Makinde, W.O., Centre for Energy Research and Development, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Kaisam, J.P., Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Adenuga, A.A., Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Oladipo, A.A., Centre for Energy Research and Development, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	The quality examination of water in Ife - North Local Government of Osun State Nigeria was conducted by determining the physico - chemical parameters. Fourty samples including surface water, bore holes, well and pipe borne water were collected from major towns in the Local Government Area and analyzed. Results showed temperature range of 26.5 - 33.0oC, pH (6.526 - 8.905), conductivity (63.0 - 1039.0 S/cm), resistivity (0.00 - 0.02mΩ.cm), salinity (300.0 - 700.0 mg/l), total solids (90.0 - 1175.0 mg/l), total dissolved solids (37.8 - 622.5mg/l), suspended solids (34.5 - 794.0 mg/l),dissolved oxygen (4.483 - 9.483 mg/l), Biological oxygen demand-BOD5 (0.690 - 6.745 mg/l), chloride (3.64 - 184.04 mg/l), Nitrate (1.08 -53.03 mg/l), phosphate (4.99 - 23.07 mg/l) and sulphate (6.02 - 28.95 mg/l). The results obtained agreed with the limits set by both national and international bodies for drinking and domestic water with few exceptions. Pipe borne water was observed to be safest while the surface waters would support aquatic life and recreational activities. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2006.	Behavioural animation; Collision avoidance; Crowd simulation; Path finding	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79956346728	Contamination of sachet water in Nigeria: assessment and health impact	Omalu I.C.J., Eze G.C., Olayemi I.K., Gbesi S., Adeniran L.A., Ayanwale A.V., Mohammed A.Z., Chukwuemeka V.	2010	Online Journal of Health and Allied Sciences	9	4	None	Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, Nigeria	Omalu, I.C.J., Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; Eze, G.C., Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; Olayemi, I.K., Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; Gbesi, S., Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; Adeniran, L.A., Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, Nigeria; Ayanwale, A.V., Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; Mohammed, A.Z., Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; Chukwuemeka, V., Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Of Technology, Minna, Nigeria	Adequate supply of fresh and clean drinking water is a basic need for all human beings. Water consumers are frequently unaware of the potential health risks associated with exposure to water borne contaminants which have often led to diseases like diarrhoea, cholera, dysentery, typhoid fever, legionnaire's disease and parasitic diseases. The inadequacy of pipe borne water-supply in Nigeria is a growing problem; as a result people resort to buying water from vendors, and sachet or bottled water became a major source of drinking water. Although, portable and affordable, the problems of its purity and other health concerns have begun to manifest. Sachet water have been reported to contain bacteria such as Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Klebsiella sp., Streptococcus sp., and oocysts of Cryptosporidia sp. Apart from environmental contaminants, improper storage and handling by vendors also poses a serious threat to the health of the ignorant consumers. This paper tends to review the quality of these 'pure water'; its physical examination, microbial assessments, its impacts on health, and the various strategies adopted by the concerned authorities to regulate this thriving industry.	Contaminants; Pipe borne water; Pure water; Vendors	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901976418	Evaluation of biochemical and yield attributes of quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) in Nigeria	Bello O.B., Mahamood J., Afolabi M.S., Azeez M.A., Ige S.A., Abdulmaliq S.Y.	2013	Tropical Agriculture	90	4	None	Department of Biological Sciences, Fountain University, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria; Lower Niger River Basin Development Authority, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria; Department of Crop Science, Landmark University, Omuaran, Kwara State, Nigeria; Department of	Bello, O.B., Department of Biological Sciences, Fountain University, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria; Mahamood, J., Lower Niger River Basin Development Authority, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria; Afolabi, M.S., Department of Crop Science, Landmark University, Omuaran, Kwara State, Nigeria; Azeez, M.A., Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Ige, S.A., Department of Agronomy, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria; Abdulmaliq, S.Y., Department of Agronomy, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria	Twenty two genotypes of quality protein maize (QPM) and two local checks were assessed for their lysine and tryptophan levels, as well as grain yield characteristics at the Lower Niger River Basin Development Authority station, Oke-Oyi, Ilorin, Nigeria for three years (2009-2011). The results showed that the QPM genotypes and the standard checks varied from one another, with respect to crude protein, zein dry matter, zein crude, lysine and tryptophan. The best QPM hybrids for grain yield (Dada-ba, ART98-SW5-OB, ART98-SW4-OB and TZPB-OB had percentage lysine and tryptophan advantage of 34% compared with the local checks. These hybrids also out-yielded other genotypes with yield advantage of 10, 24 and 26% over the best inbred, open pollinated variety and the standard check respectively. However, grain yield showed positive association with all the characteristics except crude protein content. Kernel number per cob had maximum correlation with grain yield followed by kernel rows per cob, cob diameter and cob weight The direct effect for crude protein was positive but the correlation was negative. Conclusively, the QPM hybrids that combined high yield with the essential amino acids could be tested in different savanna agro-ecologies to identify those that could be released to farmers, while the superior inbreds could be introgressed for further breeding programs. © 2013 Trop. Agric. (Trinidad).	Hybrids; Inbred lines; Lysine; Open pollinated varieties; Tryptophan	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84906899821	Evaluation of alkaloids and cardiac glycosides contents of Ricinus communis linn. (castor) whole plant parts and determination of their biological properties	Ibraheem O., Maimako R.F.	2014	International Journal of Toxicological and Pharmacological Research	6	3	None	Department of Biological Sciences, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, PMB 1001, Kwara State, Nigeria	Ibraheem, O., Department of Biological Sciences, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, PMB 1001, Kwara State, Nigeria; Maimako, R.F., Department of Biological Sciences, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, PMB 1001, Kwara State, Nigeria	Extracts from Ricinus communis L. (Castor) plant have been used from time memorial in traditional medicine for treatment of many ailments. However the bioactive phytochemicals that confer these biological effects are often not ascertained. Using established protocols we isolated, quantified and determined some biological properties of alkaloids and cardiac glycosides present in the various Castor plant parts (leaves, stems, roots, seeds and capsules). Alkaloids and cardiac glycosides were found to be concentrated highest in the leaves and stems extracts at 11.2 % and 63.60 % yields respectively. The alkaloids and cardiac glycosides extracts gave an appreciable antioxidant and antihemolytic activities when compared with ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxyl anisole which are two known antioxidant and antihemolytic compounds, respectively. The highest antioxidant and antihemolytic activities were expressed by leaves alkaloids and capsules cardiac glycosides at 57.61 % and 379.66 %, respectively. Furthermore extracts of these two phytochemicals also decreases the growth and proliferation of pathogenic Klebsiella pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus. Thus Ricinus communis L. (Castor) plant phytochemicals are good source of alternative bioactive compounds which may be used in lieu of synthetic drugs that often comes with numerous side effects when administered.	Antihemolytic; Antimicrobial; Antioxidant; Medicinal plant; Pathogens; Phytochemicals; Traditional medicine	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84945940863	Evaluation of spatial and temporal characteristics of wind and wind resources: A case study of some nigerian cities	Ngene B.U., Agunwamba J.C., Tenebe I.T., Emenike P.C.	2015	International Journal of Applied Engineering Research	10	19	None	Department of Civil Engineering, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria	Ngene, B.U., Department of Civil Engineering, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Agunwamba, J.C., Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria; Tenebe, I.T., Department of Civil Engineering, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Emenike, P.C., Department of Civil Engineering, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	Wind Energy available in 24 Nigeria cities is estimated using monthly wind speed data. The country is grouped into zones, namely: Coastal, Inland, Middle Belt and far Northern regions for effective characterization into areas of similar climatic conditions. To analyze the wind data, a check on the reliability is made to ensure adequacy for the estimation of spatial and temporal characteristics of the nation’s wind resources. The long-term average wind speed, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, shape and scale factors and wind power densities are estimated for each city and averaged for zones. From the results generated, the classification of the 24 stations into class 1-7 is made. Classification indicates class 1 for the weakest location for siting of wind power generators to class 7 the strongest possible site for electric energy generator site. Sites with high altitude mostly in the Northern part of the country, such as Jos, Minna, Sokoto, Gusau, Katsina and Kano show potentials for investment in wind power generators. In the southern part of the country, possible offshore wind generator is advocated. For cities such as Ikeja, Enugu and Ikom, generators may be considered though not very economical when average yearly wind speed is the subject. © Research India Publications.	Seasons and characteristics; Wind power; Wind speed; Zones	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79551629266	A review of the impact of HIV/AIDS on education, the workforce and workplace: The African experience	Pennap G.R.I., Chaanda M., Ezirike L.	2011	Social Sciences	6	2	10.3923/sscience.2011.164.168	Department of Biological Sciences, Nasarawa State University, P.M.B. 1022, Keffi, Nigeria; Department of Geology and Mining, Nasarawa State University, P.M.B. 1022, Keffi, Nigeria; Department of General Studies, Nasarawa State University, P.M.B. 1022, Kef	Pennap, G.R.I., Department of Biological Sciences, Nasarawa State University, P.M.B. 1022, Keffi, Nigeria; Chaanda, M., Department of Geology and Mining, Nasarawa State University, P.M.B. 1022, Keffi, Nigeria; Ezirike, L., Department of General Studies, Nasarawa State University, P.M.B. 1022, Keffi, Nigeria	The impact of HIV/AIDS cuts across all sectors of economic activities and social life. For example, it not only reduces the stock of human capital but also the capacity to maintain the required turnover of many sought after skills and training like engineers, doctors, teachers, artisans and others. In the educational sphere, it leads to among other things a decrease in potential clientele for education, resources and even donor support. On the workforce, its impact increases expenditure on the one hand and decreases productivity on the other. In fact, economists posit that even when unemployment rates are high, retirement and death of a large number of skilled and unskilled workers will cause an increase in wages. © Medwell Journals, 2011.	Africa; Economic; Education; HIV/AIDS; Workforce; Workplace	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897850290	Evaluation of tribromoethanol, tribromoethanol-buprenorphine and ketamine-xylazine combinations for anaesthesia in sprague-dawley rats undergoing ovariectomy	Ajadi R.A., Gazal N.A., Teketay D.H., Gazal S.O.	2012	Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences	28	1	None	Department of Biological Sciences, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN, United States; Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	Ajadi, R.A., Department of Biological Sciences, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN, United States, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Gazal, N.A., Department of Biological Sciences, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN, United States; Teketay, D.H., Department of Biological Sciences, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN, United States; Gazal, S.O., Department of Biological Sciences, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN, United States	Effect of premedication with buprenorphine (BP) on efficacy and safety of tribromoethanol (TBE) - induced anaesthesia was evaluated and compared with anaesthesia induced by ketamine (K) and xylazine (X) combination in rats undergoing ovariectomy. Fifteen Sprague -Dawley rats (mean weight 246.5 ± 13.1g) were randomly divided into three groups. Group (TBE) received tribromoethanol solution (250mg/kg). Group (TBE+BP) was premedicated with BP (0.02mg/kg) and 30 minutes later with TBE (250mg/kg). Group KX was anaesthetized with mixture of K (43.5mg/kg) and X (6.5mg/kg). All injections were administered intraperitoneally. Anaesthetic parameters determined were onset of anaesthesia (OAN), duration of antinociception (DAN), duration of sleep (DSP) and recovery time (RCT). Rectal temperatures (RT) and respiratory rates (RR) were recorded immediately after loss of righting reflex and at ten minute interval up to 90 minute. In addition, rats were monitored for adverse signs up to one week after ovariectomy. Anaesthetic indices were compared using Student's t-test, while RR and RT were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Two rats in TBE group and one rat in TBE+BP group died three days after ovariectomy. Duration of antinociception (DAN) was significantly (P= 0.0015) longer in TBE than in KX anaesthetized rats but not significantly (P= 0.054) different between TBE and TBE-BP anaesthetized rats. Also, DSP was significantly (P=0.001) longer in KX anaesthetized rats than TBE- anaesthetized rats. Similarly, the DSP was significantly (P= 0.013) shorter in TBE group than TBE+ BP anaesthetized rats. Both RR and RT decreased significantly (P<0.0001) with time following anaesthesia in all groups. It was concluded that KX mixture provided better anaesthesia than TBE and TBE+BP, and addition of BP to TBE did not have any beneficial effect. © Physiological Society of Nigeria.	Anaesthesia; Buprenorphine; Ketamine; Ovariectomy; Rats; Tribromoethanol; Xylazine	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-56149097415	Evaluation of the effectiveness of three insecticides to control Diamondback Moth (Plutella xylostella) in Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L)	Oke O.A.	2008	European Journal of Scientific Research	22	3	None	Department of Biological Sciences, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Vegetable Evaluation Research Station, Department of Natural Resources, P.O. Box 166, Victoria, Mahe, Seychelles	Oke, O.A., Department of Biological Sciences, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria, Vegetable Evaluation Research Station, Department of Natural Resources, P.O. Box 166, Victoria, Mahe, Seychelles	An experiment was conducted at the Vegetable Evaluation and Research Station, Anse Boileau, Seychelles from August to November 2007 to evaluate the effectiveness of three insecticides to control Diamondback Moth in Cabbage. The evaluated insecticides were Lufenuron, Baccilus thuringcinsis,and Teflubenzuron. Of the three tested insecticides Teflubenzuron was found to be most effective followed by Lufenuron while the least effective insecticide was Baccilus thuringcinsis. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc 2008.	Caterpillar; Emergence; Generation; Pesticide; Transplant; Treatment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903129332	Climate change impact on the limnology of Lake Kariba, Zambia-Zimbabwe	Mahere T.S., Mtsambiwa M.Z., Chifamba P.C., Nhiwatiwa T.	2014	African Journal of Aquatic Science	39	2	10.2989/16085914.2014.927350	Department of Biological Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe; University of Zimbabwe Lake Kariba Research Station, Kariba, Zimbabwe; Great Zimbabwe University, Masvingo, Zimbabwe	Mahere, T.S., Department of Biological Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe; Mtsambiwa, M.Z., University of Zimbabwe Lake Kariba Research Station, Kariba, Zimbabwe, Great Zimbabwe University, Masvingo, Zimbabwe; Chifamba, P.C., Department of Biological Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe; Nhiwatiwa, T., Department of Biological Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe	There is evidence that global warming is changing the thermal regimes of tropical lakes and this paper examines the impact of warming on the limnology of Lake Kariba. Between 1986 and 2011 the mean temperature of the lake rose by 0.7 °C, a rate equivalent to 0.03 °C y-1, but this increase was not uniform, being most pronounced in March and May (1.5 and 1.4 °C, respectively) and least in August and October (0.1 °C in both). These changes appear to have disrupted the thermal regime which now seems to be less predictable than before. Thermal gradients have weakened and, as a result, oxyclines are now less pronounced and persistent than in the past. Previous workers suggested that warming in Lake Kariba has strengthened stratification and has caused the thermocline to rise, reducing the volume of the epilimnion and thus reducing the productivity of the pelagic fishery. But this does not appear to be the case. Warming was not accompanied by more pronounced stratification or upward shift in the thermocline, but instead there was a downward transfer of heat that caused the thermocline to descend and weaken, thus reducing thermal stability. The dynamic nature of the thermocline highlights the need to exercise caution in making simple predictions and conclusions about biotic responses in a large complex ecosystem. © 2014 Copyright © NISC (Pty) Ltd.	dissolved oxygen; oxycline; stratification; temperature; thermal gradient; thermocline	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904263662	Growth performance of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) fed different types of diets formulated from varieties of feed ingredients	Workagegn K.B., Ababboa E.D., Yimer G.T., Amare T.A.	2014	Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development	5	3	10.4172/2155-9546.1000235	Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Hawassa, Ethiopia	Workagegn, K.B., Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Hawassa, Ethiopia; Ababboa, E.D., Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Hawassa, Ethiopia; Yimer, G.T., Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Hawassa, Ethiopia; Amare, T.A., Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Hawassa, Ethiopia	This research was designed to investigate the growth performance and feed utilization efficiency of juvenile Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L. fed different types of diets formulated from varieties of feed ingredients. For this purpose, six experimental diets were prepared. All the six experimental diets had soybean, bone meal and groundnut as basal feed ingredients which accounted as 60% of the total amount of ingredients. The rest 40% of each diet was 1Maiz:1Sorghumfor control diet or diet "A", coffee husk/pulp for diet "B", wheat bran for diet "C", beer sludge for diet "D", potato scrap for diet "E" and 2JCKM:1Wheat:1Rice for diet "F". After diet preparation, one hundred eighty fish having an average body weight of 3.27 g were randomly distributed into 18 aquaria (80 cm×30 cm×35 cm) in triplicates. During the experiment, the fish were fed three times a day at the rate of 10% of their body weight for 10 weeks. The results revealed that there was significant difference (p<0.05) on the growth performance and feed utilization efficiency of the fish that fed different types of experimental diets. The highest growth performance in terms of final body weight, weight gain and specific growth rate, and feed utilization efficiency were observed on the fish fed diet "A" followed by the fish fed diet "F", while the fish fed diet "B" had the lowest. The lower growth performance and feed utilization efficiency observed on the fish fed diet "B" might be due to high dietary fiber levels together with the presence of relatively higher anti-nutritional factors in coffee husk/pulp diet. However, all the fish had similar survival rate. As conclusion, except diet "B" all the tested diets are potential fish feed. However, further study should be done to evaluate the potential of those diets at later stage of the fish in different culture systems. © 2014 Workagegn KB, et al.	Aquarium; Feed ingredients; Growth performance; Oreochromis niloticus	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84886439252	The effect of dietary inclusion of jatropha curcas kernel meal on growth performance, feed utilization efficiency and survival rate of juvenile nile tilapia	Workagegn K.B., Ababbo E.D., Tossa B.T.	2013	Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development	4	5	10.4172/2155-9546.1000193	Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Hawassa, Ethiopia	Workagegn, K.B., Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Hawassa, Ethiopia; Ababbo, E.D., Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Hawassa, Ethiopia; Tossa, B.T., Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Hawassa, Ethiopia	The study investigated the effect of dietary inclusion of different proportion of heat treated and heat untreated Jatropha curcas kernel meal (JCKM) on growth performance, feed utilization efficiency and survival rate of juvenile Nile tilapia. Ten fish with an average body weight of 2.36 g fish-1 were randomly distributed in each experimental aquarium in triplicates, and fed with experimental diets for 65 days. The results revealed that the highest growth performance in terms of final body weight and specific growth rate was observed on the fish fed with heat treated control diet followed by heat untreated control diet and 10% heat treated JCKM with same survival rate. Similarly, the best feed utilization efficiency in terms of feed conversion ratio and feeding efficiency was observed on the fish fed with heat treated control diet followed by 10% heat treated JCKM and heat untreated control diet. All fish fed the above three diets had higher growth performance, feed utilization efficiency and survival rate without significant (P>0.05) variation to each other. However, fish fed with the rest of the experimental diets had significantly (P<0.05) lower. Thus, the inclusion of excess dietary JCKM (above 10% heat treated dietary JCKM and at any level of heat untreated dietary JCKM) depressed growth performance, feed utilization efficiency and survival rate of the fish. This implies that heat treatment has an effect on reduction of some of anti-nutritional factors and toxicants in JCKM. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of heat treated JCKM in fish diet increases growth performance and feed utilization efficiency of the fish without increasing mortality rare, and thus, it is a future promising feed ingredient for fish feed production. © 2013 Workagegn KB, et al.	Alternative feed source; Feed ingredient; Oreochromis niloticus; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897598447	Evaluation of methicillin resistance among Staphylococcus aureus isolated from some cream field bakery products in Jimma Town	Mola Y., Dabassa A., Demissie S.	2014	Research Journal of Microbiology	9	1	10.3923/jm.2014.16.24	Department of Biology, Jimma University, P.O. Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia	Mola, Y., Department of Biology, Jimma University, P.O. Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia; Dabassa, A., Department of Biology, Jimma University, P.O. Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia; Demissie, S., Department of Biology, Jimma University, P.O. Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia	Bakery products are moracious and staple foods consumed among most of the world's population. These products are prepared from cream, nut, nougat. These delicious foods can cause food borne diseases particularly halophile pathogenic microbes such as Staphylococcus aureus in case of poor hygienity. This study was aimed to evaluate the extent of cream filled bakery products contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus. A total of 30 samples were purchased from randomly selected cafeterias in Jimma town and transported to research and postgraduate laboratory of Biology department. A serial dilution was made accordingly and 0.1 mL aliquot sample was plated on pre-solidified Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) and incubated at 35°C for 48 h. Samples were collected from three sites (Merkato, Agip and Kochi). The result of the study showed that the mean count (CFU g-1) of S. aureus was dominant (6.3±0.1) in cream cake followed by donut (4.5±0.2) while the lowest mean count was recorded in zebib (4.3±0.2). Most (73.3%) of the food samples were positive for S. aureus. The isolates of S. aureus were resistant to penicillin G, methicillin and oxacillin, however; 75% of isolates were sensitive to erythromycin. Generally, the microbial safety of cream filled bakery products was poor and needs special attention. © Academic Journals Inc.	Bakery products; Cream filled; Food poisoning; Microbial load; S. aureus	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84942605038	Evaluation of rational use of veterinary drugs especially antimicrobials and anthelmintics in Bishoftu, Central Ethiopia Veterinary Research	Beyene T., Endalamaw D., Tolossa Y., Feyisa A.	2015	BMC Research Notes	8	1	10.1186/s13104-015-1466-4	Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia; Department of Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia	Beyene, T., Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia; Endalamaw, D., Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia; Tolossa, Y., Department of Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia; Feyisa, A., Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia	Background: Rational use of drugs in veterinary medicine has numerous benefits, such as increasing efficacy, decreasing the potential adverse effects, reducing risk of drug residue and combating development of microorganism's drug resistance. Methods: A retrospective study with the aim of evaluating the current rational use of veterinary drugs was conducted at college of veterinary medicine and agriculture veterinary teaching hospital and Ada district veterinary clinic, central Ethiopia. One thousand eight hundred and nineteen animal patients' encounters were randomly selected for the study from prescription papers and prescription registration books retrospectively. Results: The average number of drugs prescribed per encounter was 1.23 with maximum of five. The percentage of encounters in which antimicrobials and anthelmintics was prescribed were 54.4 % (1216/2235) and 38.9 % (869/2235), respectively. The percentages of drugs prescribed by generic name and from essential veterinary drug list were 90.1 % (2014/2235) and 99.7 % (2229/2235), respectively. The most commonly prescribed antimicrobials and anthelmintics were oxytetracycline 1016 (45.5 %), penicillin and streptomycin combination 168 (7.5 %), sulfa drugs 23 (1.0 %), and albendazole 732 (32.8 %) and ivermectin 137 (6.1 %). Among the 1819 animal-patient encounters, only 57 % (n = 1037) of the prescriptions were written adequately, 43 % (n = 782) incorrectly prescribed and 1179 cases of the adequately specified prescription were tentatively diagnosed. For 656 (53.9 %) and 233 (26.8 %) inadequately specified cases antimicrobials and anthelmintics were prescribed, respectively. Antibiotics were prescribed irrationally for cases which were tentatively diagnosed as parasitic 21.6 % (n = 262) and viral to prevent secondary bacterial complications 6.0 % (n = 73). Among all patients that were admitted to veterinary clinics, 96.6 % (1757) were treated empirically without getting correct laboratory-supported diagnosis. Chi Square test for trend analysis showed a statistically significant association between irrational drug usage and year (p = 0.000). Conclusions: The findings had shown problems in generic prescribing, incorrect diagnosis, and non-availability of standard veterinary treatment guideline and drug formulary in the study area. Therefore, veterinary drugs, specially, antimicrobial agents should be judiciously used; and a wide scale study to safeguard the public from drug residual effects and antimicrobial resistance development is recommended. © 2015 Beyene et al.	Ethiopia; Evaluation; Prescribing practices; Rational use; Veterinary drugs	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84887168239	Evaluation of bacterial and parasitic load of clarias species from river Niger and an artificial habitat in Onitsha, Anambra State, Nigeria	Mgbemena I.C., Obiajuru C., Onyedineke N., Ebe T., Okeke U.E., Udensi U.J.	2011	Nigerian Journal of Parasitology	32	1	None	Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Department of Medical Microbiology, Imo State University Teaching Hospital, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Department of Environmental Technology, Federal University o	Mgbemena, I.C., Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Obiajuru, C., Department of Medical Microbiology, Imo State University Teaching Hospital, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Onyedineke, N., Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Ebe, T., Department of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Okeke, U.E., Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Udensi, U.J., Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria	The bacterial and parasitic load of Clarias gariepinus fishes collected from a fish pond and River Niger in Onitsha, Anambra State were studied. A total of 25 apparently healthy and diseased fishes comprising of 13 (2 diseased and 11 healthy pond fishes) and 12 apparently healthy fishes from River Niger were examined. The skin, gills and intestine of the fishes were examined. The findings of bacteriological examinations revealed that Staphylococcus Species (sp), Enterobacter sp, Pseudomonas sp, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus feacalis, Proteus sp, Aeromonas sp, Vibrio sp and Salmonella sp were present in the skin, gills and intestine of the fishes examined. Prevalence of bacteria in the different parts of the fishes were: Intestine > gills and skins and also gills > skin in two habitats. Parasitic examination of the fishes revealed the presence of: Entamoeba sp, Trichodina sp, Ichthiopthrius sp, Gyrodactylus sp, and Neobenedenia melleni. Entamoeba sp (84.0%) was the most prevalent parasite encountered while the least was Gyrodactylus species and Neobenedenia species (4.0%) respectively. Comparative analysis of the samples from pond and river showed that Pond fishes haboured more bacteria and parasites than River Niger fishes. This study has shown that apparently healthy and diseased fishes from artificial culture systems and natural water habitat habour bacterial and parasitic organisms capable of infecting humans. © Nigerian Journal of Parasitology.	Clarias gariepinus; Entamoeba sp; Gills and trichodina sp; Proteus sp	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943248401	Effects of NPK single fertilizers on relative growth performances of two cycles of maize (Zea mays L.) grown in a degraded soil of Southwest Nigeria	Chukwuka K.S., Ajala S., Nwosu P.C., Omotayo O.E.	2015	Journal of Agronomy	14	4	10.3923/ja.2015.203.211	Department of Botany, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria	Chukwuka, K.S., Department of Botany, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Ajala, S., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria; Nwosu, P.C., Department of Botany, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Omotayo, O.E., Department of Botany, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	The balanced use of inorganic amendments to enhance effective crop production for developing world economies like Nigeria is paramount to achieve her Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for its teeming population. Thus this study was carried out to assess the relative growth performances of a major food crop under different regimes of fertilizer application. Field and Green House experiments were carried out to assess the relative growth performances of two Cycles of Zea mays L. (LNTP-W C0and C3) used as test crops for the amendment of degraded soil using N, P and K single fertilizers. The single fertilizers (treatments) used were Urea, Single Super Phosphate (SSP) and Muriate of Potash and the study was carried out in the Department of Botany, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. The experiment consisted of 4 treatments applied at 2 levels (C0 and C3) and replicated three times in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) to give a total of 48 experimental units. The application of Nitrogen (N) was done at four levels (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha–1), while the Phosphorous (P2O5) and Potassium (K) were applied at a constant rate of about 60 kg ha–1 for all the pots except for the experimental control pots. The design was adopted for both Green House and Field experiments. The results from the study showed that C3 performed better than C0 in Field and Green House experiments with respect to their relative performances of the growth parameters; plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), number of leaves, leaf length (cm) and leaf width (cm) measured within the Pre-flowering period of 8 weeks. The treatment combination of 90 kg ha–1 N, 60 kg ha–1 P and 60 kg ha–1 K gave the best performance in this study. The study also revealed that the growth rate of the maize plant was directly proportional to the level of N applied with constant levels of P and K providing the basis for developing optimum NPK fertilizer level for the amendment of degraded soil for higher productivity using maize with tolerance to low soil Nitrogen. The study showed that more derelict soils can be put to good use with the appropriate level of NPK Fertilizer application optimum for the right crop, thus aiding the use of hitherto abandoned degraded land and putting more land under cultivation. © 2015 Asian Network for Scientific Information.	Eroded soil; Fertilizer application; Performance; Zea mays L	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893075500	Assessment of the performance of local and foreign road construction firms in Ghana	Gyadu-Asiedu W., Danso H., Asubonteng J.A.	2013	International Journal of Construction Management	13	4	None	Department of Building Technology, Koforidua Polytechnic, Koforidua, Ghana; Department of Design and Technology Education, University of Education, Winneba, Kumasi, Ghana	Gyadu-Asiedu, W., Department of Building Technology, Koforidua Polytechnic, Koforidua, Ghana; Danso, H., Department of Design and Technology Education, University of Education, Winneba, Kumasi, Ghana; Asubonteng, J.A., Department of Design and Technology Education, University of Education, Winneba, Kumasi, Ghana	The apparent imperfect competition that exists between local and foreign construction firms, coupled with the perception that governments give most of the big projects to the foreign firms has brought about the need to undertake a comparative study. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a significant difference between the performance of local and foreign road construction firms in Ghana. The study involved a cross-sectional survey that used a structured questionnaire administered to 69 respondents of road construction professionals. The results ranked foreign firms significantly higher than their local counterparts in terms of effective cost management, time management and quality management practices at 95% confidence level. Therefore, the study found the foreign road construction firms more efficient in terms of performance (cost, time and quality) than their local counterparts in Ghana. Copyright © 2009 The Chinese research Institute of Construction Management.	Construction industry; Cost management; Performance management; Quality management; Road construction firms; Time management	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80052590393	Performance of building technology graduates in the construction industry in Ghana	Ayarkwa J., Dansoh A., Adinyira E., Amoah P.	2011	Education and Training	53	6	10.1108/00400911111159485	Department of Building Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Ayarkwa, J., Department of Building Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Dansoh, A., Department of Building Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Adinyira, E., Department of Building Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Amoah, P., Department of Building Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Purpose: This paper aims to assess the perception of the Ghanaian construction industry of the performance of entry-level building technology graduates. Also, other non-technical skills or attributes expected from building technology graduates are to be compared with the actual proficiency of the graduates. Design/methodology/approach: The findings in this paper are based on a series of interviews and structured questionnaire survey of randomly selected contractors and consultants in the Ghanaian construction industry. Findings: The overall performance of the graduates was considered acceptable by the construction industry. However, much more needed to be done in "coordination" and "scheduling" of site activities by graduates who work as site managers, and in "coordination of site activities" and "issuance of site instructions" for those who work as project managers for contractors. There was a considerable gap between the expectations of the construction industry practitioners and the actual proficiency of building technology graduates in "initiative and creativity", "practical building knowledge", "ability to define and solve problems", and other equally important attributes. The graduates, however, met the expectations of contractors in "computer literacy", "communication skills", and "interpersonal skills", and consultants in "computer literacy" and "leadership capability". Social implications: The results of the study enable entry-level graduates to realize their deficiencies for continual improvement, and the training institution to develop training curricula responsive to the needs of the industry. Originality/value: Even though results from this study generally show a disparity in the expected and actual proficiency levels of building technology graduates, as frequently reported in the literature, it provides a new insight into this problem by providing evidence to the effect that the problem is only manifest in some specific non-technical skill requirements. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Building technology; Construction industry; Ghana; Graduates; Performance management; Performance measures; Quantity surveying	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84944201025	The impact of project risk factors on national competitive tendering procurement method in Ghana	Baiden B., Abdul-Razak S., Danku J.	2015	International Journal of Procurement Management	8	6	10.1504/IJPM.2015.072389	Department of Building Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Private Mail Bag, Kumasi, Ghana; A and QS Consortium Ltd., P.O. Box 531, Wa, Upper West Region, Ghana	Baiden, B., Department of Building Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Private Mail Bag, Kumasi, Ghana; Abdul-Razak, S., A and QS Consortium Ltd., P.O. Box 531, Wa, Upper West Region, Ghana; Danku, J., Department of Building Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Private Mail Bag, Kumasi, Ghana	The study determined the extent of occurrence and assessed the impact of project risk factors on the choice of national competitive tendering (NCT), the dominant of the six (6) procurement methods used by public entities, in the procurement of works in Ghana. Data for study were collected by means of a questionnaire survey and analysed statistically through the comparisons of means using one-way analysis of variance. Twenty six (26) project risk factors were evaluated and ranked. Financial and design risk factors were found to have the highest impact on works procured through NCT. A public works risk impact matrix revealed that, financial and design risks factors have the high extent - high impact on projects procured through NCT. Economic related risk factors have low extent - high impact of occurrence. Environmental and construction related risks have low extent - low impact on the risk matrix. Copyright © 2015 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Contracts; Ghana; National competitive tendering; NCT; Procurement; Public; Risks; Works	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864567452	Comparing occupational health and safety (OHS) management efforts and performance of nigerian construction contractors	Idoro G.I.	2011	Journal of Construction in Developing Countries	16	2	None	Department of Building, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria	Idoro, G.I., Department of Building, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria	The study compares the management efforts and performance of construction contractors in Nigeria with regard to Occupational Health and Safety (OHS). The purpose of the study is to help all categories of construction contractors in Nigeria to improve their management efforts related to OHS. Toward this end, a field survey was conducted with a sample of forty contractors selected via purposive sampling. The scope of operations of the contractors was designated as multinational, national, regional or local. Six OHS management parameters and seven OHS performance parameters were used, and data were collected using structured questionnaires and analysed using mean and analysis of variance. The results reveal that contractors' OHS-related management efforts are not correlated with the scope of their operations. The OHS performance of the contractors remains the same in terms of six performance indicators but differs in terms of the rate of accidents per worker. The study results also reveal that the accident and injury rates in the Nigerian construction industry are high. Thus, the results reveal the challenges facing Nigerian contractors and other stakeholders working to improve the OHS performance of the industry. The findings indicate the need for effective risk management and regulation and control of OHS in the Nigerian construction industry. © Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2011.	Multinational Contractors; National Contractors; Nigeria; OHS Management Efforts; OHS Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70449580745	The impact of the banking industry recapitalization on employment in Nigerian banks	Gunu U.	2009	European Journal of Social Sciences	11	3	None	Department of Business Adminisration, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	Gunu, U., Department of Business Adminisration, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	Banking Industry recapitalization was intended to improve so many indices in the Banking Industry. Some of the indices are affected were; Shareholders Fund, Total Assets, Number of Branches and Employment. The magnitude of improvement of the current indices and the former indices before recapitalization are not the same. The research sought to discern the nature of change in the indices after recapitalization. The objective of the research is to identify the extent of impact on employment of recapitalized banks shareholders fund, total assets, and number of branches. The research is an explanatory study that establishes causal relationship between employment and indices of recapitalization. The data used were secondary data. Simple percentages and multiple regression analysis were used to analyse the data. The study revealed that there was reduction in employment in the Banking Industry between 1999 and 2001. There was appreciable increase in employment in the Nigerian banking industry after the consolidation exercise from year 2006 up to 2008. Two Banks have 23.04% of the total shareholders fund in the banking industry. 25% of banks in Nigeria had less 2% of total shareholders fund. 8.33% of banks in Nigeria had less than 1% of total shareholders fund. Other banks shareholders fund are between 2% and 7%. 20.83% of Nigerian banks had less 2% of Total Assets in the banking industry. 8.33% of Nigerian banks had 20.35% of Total Assets. Other banks have between 2% to 8% of Total Assets. Results of multiple regression analysis revealed that shareholders fund, Total Assets and number of domestic branches caused 62.0% of employment in the banking industry. Shareholders fund and Total Assets were not significant variables that have linear relationship with employment in the Banking industry.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864531125	Effect of mechanisation on occupational health and safety performance in the Nigerian construction industry	Idoro G.I.	2011	Journal of Construction in Developing Countries	16	2	None	Department of Building, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria	Idoro, G.I., Department of Building, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria	The need to improve productivity, quality standards, efficiency and performance in construction projects has brought about increased use of Plant and Equipment (P&E). This study evaluates the level of mechanisation and its relationship to the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) performance of the Nigerian construction industry. The purpose of the study is to ascertain the influence of mechanisation on OHS performance and raise the commitment of contractors to effective OHS management. To achieve this, a questionnaire survey involving 45 projects was conducted. Data were collected with the aid of structured questionnaires and analysed by percentages, means, t-tests and Spearman's correlation tests. The results indicated that increased mechanisation leads to increased rates of accident and injury and that the level of mechanisation varies from one operation to another. The study concludes that mechanisation can worsen the OHS performance of the industry when it is not effectively managed. The findings suggest that stakeholders should put effective measures in place aimed at controlling OHS performance before using new or additional P&E. They also suggest that stakeholders of specific contractors should provide more attention when setting up an OHS management plan, particularly a hazard management plan regarding the on-site use of P&E. © Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2011.	Concreting; Excavation; Mechanisation and OHS performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84961327393	Relationships among internal stakeholders in construction projects: A cognitive evaluation for sustainable team integration in Nigeria	Ujene A.O., Edike U.E.	2015	International Journal of Construction Management	15	1	10.1080/15623599.2015.1012142	Department of Building, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria; Department of Building Technology, Bells University of Technology, Otta, Nigeria	Ujene, A.O., Department of Building, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria; Edike, U.E., Department of Building, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria, Department of Building Technology, Bells University of Technology, Otta, Nigeria	This study evaluates the relationships among internal stakeholders in the Nigerian construction industry. The objectives are to evaluate the factors influencing good working relationships, with priority placed on relationship indicators and variation in effect/priority among groups of relationships. A survey of 95 purposively sampled stakeholders resulted in 72 valid structured questionnaires. Data were analysed using mean score and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The study concludes that unitary relationships are more associated with professionals; coercive relationships more associated with contractors; while mutuality relationships are least prevalent. The influence of factors promoting/hindering good relationships do not significantly vary among the internal stakeholders (p-values = 0.665 and 0.468), while significant variation exists in the priority placed on relationship-oriented indicators (p-value = 0.015). The study recommends encouragement of mutual relationships, clear/regular communication, trust/respect for contractual conditions, cooperation/collaboration, adequate job descriptions and good job attitudes. Priority should be placed on seamless/collaborative operation, collective understanding and gain/pain-sharing, which encourage team integration. ©2015 Taylor & Francis.	construction; internal stakeholders; projects; relationship; team integration	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84858960683	Impact of marketing practices on the performance of small business enterprises: Empirical evidence from Nigeria	Oyedijo A., Idris A.A., Aliu A.A.	2012	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	46	None	Department of Business Admin. and Management Technology, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria	Oyedijo, A., Department of Business Admin. and Management Technology, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria; Idris, A.A., Department of Business Admin. and Management Technology, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria; Aliu, A.A., Department of Business Admin. and Management Technology, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria	This study investigated the impact of marketing practices on organizational performance of small business enterprises (SBEs) in Lagos State, Nigeria. The purpose of the study is to contextually validate recent findings as to the efficacy of marketing practices in developing economies. Within a survey design, data were obtained from 545 business owners and senior marketing personnel using structured questionnaire and analyzed using factor analysis, ANOVA and other relevant statistical tools in the predictive analysis software (version 19). The findings implicated marketing mix factors and product strategy issues as the most important and impacting factors in the marketing practices of small businesses in Nigeria while advertising and marketing research appears neglected. The study found a strong positive relationship between the marketing practices of Nigerian SBEs and organizational performance indicants. The paper proposes a model that can be used to explain the influence of marketing practices on the performance of small business enterprises. It also makes some recommendations for marketing practitioners and suggests areas for future research. © EuroJournals, Inc. 2012.	Market orientation; Marketing models; Marketing orientation; Marketing practices; Nigeria; Performance; Small business enterprises	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84902466030	The perceived impact of the Postgraduate Diploma in Higher Education and Training as an academic development intervention in an Institution of Higher Learning	Nkonki V., Scheckle L., Jonas N., Ntlabathi S., Riley A., Muhuro P.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	11 SPEC. ISSUE	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n11p157	University of Fort Hare, South Africa	Nkonki, V.; Scheckle, L.; Jonas, N.; Ntlabathi, S.; Riley, A.; Muhuro, P., University of Fort Hare, South Africa	Following mixed views in literature on the relevance and return on investment of formal higher education professional development initiatives, the current study sought the views of the impact of the Postgraduate Diploma in Higher Education and Training (PGDHET) on the professional practice of higher education staff in one institution. Framed in the interpretive paradigm, the study adopted a case study design in which multiple sources of data were utilised. Data were collected through an open-ended questionnaire from eleven (11) purposefully selected lecturers possessing a PGDHET qualification. The data was corroborated with a data analysis of PGDHET reports. Qualitative data thus collected was analysed through the extraction and aggregation of meaning units into themes. Quantitative data was used to discern and describe impact trends of the PGDHET. It emerged from the study that the PGDHET challenged lecturers' conceptions of teaching and learning, and expanded their repertoire of innovative teaching strategies. Furthermore, participants reported contributions to advancement of departmental best teaching practices and the status of teaching institutionally. The conclusion drawn is that the PGDHET impacts beyond the lecture room as it influences also the academic development practices, faculty and departmental practices, as well as the overall culture of the institution. This research recommends ways of further consolidating and further advancing the impact of the PGDHET.	Academic Development; Perceived impact; Postgraduate Diploma in Higher Education and Training; Professional development	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908458150	Review of the role of motivation on employee performance	Kachalla B.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	17	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n17p39	Department of Business Administration and Management, The Federal Polytechnic DamaturuYobe State, Nigeria	Kachalla, B., Department of Business Administration and Management, The Federal Polytechnic DamaturuYobe State, Nigeria	The main purpose of this paper was to” assess the role of work motivation on employee performance”. In this light the paper sets to identify the most ranked factors among the ten motivational factors. The analysis from the empirical findings showed that Job satisfaction “was the most ranked factor that serves as a motivating factor for employee best performance in his duties. However a study from previous researches used in this paper showed that different results could be obtained from different groups of already working employees. This study therefore can be seen as an introduction to a more detailed study to be carried by future researchers on the field of employee’s motivation. © 2014 Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All Rights Reserved.	Employee; Motivation; Performance; Work	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84862567119	The effects of mergers and acquisitions on business performance in Nigerian banking industry: An empirical analysis	Awolusi O.D.	2012	International Journal of Business Performance Management	13	04-Mar	10.1504/IJBPM.2012.047301	Department of Business Administration and Marketing, School of Management and Social Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, P.M.B 21244, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria	Awolusi, O.D., Department of Business Administration and Marketing, School of Management and Social Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, P.M.B 21244, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria	This paper provides a holistic view of the mergers and acquisitions (M&As) implementation process, by reviewing the hard and soft factors that cause success and failure for M&As implementation, as well as, examine the impact of M&As on perceived business performance measures (PBPM) in Nigerian banking industry. The aim was achieved through an empirical study involving a survey on 19 Nigerian banks involved in mergers and/or acquisitions. Using SEM, multivariate analyses were mathematically represented in a single equation, and findings from this study confirmed that M&As had significant association on PBPM. The equation could be used by banks, and companies alike, to compose strategies to optimise their management of business performance and mergers and/or acquisition programmes. The model was able to provide predictive implications on business performance, given the activities of key factors manifesting successful M&As, hence, these factors could be adopted by companies wishing to undertake M&As programme in Nigeria. Nonetheless, to improve business performance management, companies could control their M&As programme. Copyright © 2012 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Banking; Business performance; Consolidation; M&As; Mergers and acquisitions; Nigeria; Structural equation modelling	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84876270245	Modelling critical success factors of business process reengineering and business performance of Nigerian oil and gas companies	Asika N., Awolusi O.D.	2013	International Journal of Services and Operations Management	15	1	10.1504/IJSOM.2013.053253	Department of Business Administration and Marketing, School of Postgraduate Studies, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, P.M.B 21244, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria	Asika, N., Department of Business Administration and Marketing, School of Postgraduate Studies, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, P.M.B 21244, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria; Awolusi, O.D., Department of Business Administration and Marketing, School of Postgraduate Studies, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, P.M.B 21244, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria	Business process reengineering (BPR) is a fundamental rethinking and radical redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in critical contemporary measures of performance such as cost, quality, speed and services (Al-Mashari and Zairi, 1999). This paper provides a holistic view of the BPR implementation process, by reviewing the hard and soft factors that cause success and failure for BPR implementation, as well as, examine the effectiveness of the critical success factors (CSFs) of BPR on both primary (operational) and secondary (organisational) measures of business performance in Nigerian oil and gas industry. The aim was achieved through an empirical study involving the administration of 650 self-administered questionnaires to a randomly selected senior and management staff of eight (8) re-engineered oil and gas companies in Nigeria. Using the framework from Khong and Richardson (2003), several hypotheses were tested, via structural equation modelling (SEM). Using SEM, multivariate analyses were mathematically represented in a single equation, and findings from this study confirmed that BPR had significant association on business performance of Nigerian oil and gas companies. Copyright © 2013 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	BPR; Business process reengineering; Factor analysis; Multivariate analysis; Nigeria; Oil and gas industry; Operating performance; Organisational performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84872105643	Effectiveness of total quality management on business performance in Nigerian manufacturing firms: An empirical analysis	Awolusi O.D.	2012	International Journal of Enterprise Network Management	5	3	10.1504/IJENM.2012.051310	Department of Business Administration and Marketing, School of Postgraduate Studies, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, P.M.B 21244, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria	Awolusi, O.D., Department of Business Administration and Marketing, School of Postgraduate Studies, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, P.M.B 21244, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria	The purpose of this study is to investigate the critical success factors (CSFs) of total quality management (TQM) implementation, as well as, examine specific relationships between these critical success factors of TQM and perceived business performance measures (PBPM) of Nigerian manufacturing firms. The empirical study was conducted via a survey on 566 senior and management staff of 14 Nigerian manufacturing companies, randomly selected from a business-to-business database maintained by a national list provider. Using the framework from Agus (2001), factors manifesting PBPM were regressed on the critical success factors, manifesting successful TQM. Findings based on the survey revealed significant positive relationships between successful TQM and PBPM in Nigerian manufacturing firms. The model provides predictive implications on improved business performance, given the activities of CSFs manifesting successful TQM. Hence, to improve business performance, manufacturing firms could control their TQM programme. Copyright © 2012 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Business performance; Manufacturing firms; Nigeria; Regression analysis; Total quality management; TQM	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84863893273	Corporate entrepreneurship and firms' performance in the manufacturing sector in Nigeria	Oghojafor B.E.A., Kuye O.L., Sulaimon A.A.	2011	International Journal of Business and Globalisation	6	2	10.1504/IJBG.2011.038489	Department of Business Administration, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria	Oghojafor, B.E.A., Department of Business Administration, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria; Kuye, O.L., Department of Business Administration, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria; Sulaimon, A.A., Department of Business Administration, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria	Concern for investment in the manufacturing sector in Nigeria has continued to grow; but little is probably known about its entrepreneurial posture. This study examines the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and firms' performance in the manufacturing sector in Nigeria. Data were generated by means of questionnaires to 670 manufacturing firms on entrepreneurship and performance variables. Responses from the survey were statistically analysed using descriptive statistics, product moment correlation, regression analysis and Z-test (approximated with the independent samples t-test). The results of the study indicate a statistically significant relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and firms' performance as well as reveal a significant difference between the performance of entrepreneurial firms and the performance of conservative firms. The implications of this study include the need for manufacturing firms in Nigeria to demonstrate high level of commitment to entrepreneurship. Copyright © 2011 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Corporate entrepreneurship; Firms' performance; Innovativeness; Manufacturing firms; Manufacturing sector; Nigeria; Proactiveness; Risk-taking	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-65249148413	Impact assessment of business process reengineering on organisational performance	Adeyemi S., Aremu M.A.	2008	European Journal of Social Sciences	7	1	None	Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Business and Social Sciences, University of Ilorin, P. M. B. 1515 Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria	Adeyemi, S., Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Business and Social Sciences, University of Ilorin, P. M. B. 1515 Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria; Aremu, M.A., Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Business and Social Sciences, University of Ilorin, P. M. B. 1515 Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria	In Nigeria, the changing dynamics of banking and other financial institutions market forced players at all levels to re-engineer their business organisations. The banking operations and functions which is intend to meet emerging challenges of bank consolidation, slashing operating cost, outsourcing, portfolio investment, payments and settlement system call for innovative banking practices through Business Process Re-engineering. This is to enable Nigerian banks to incorporate strategic innovative customer schemes in order to bridge the service gap inherent in Nigerian banking sector. The objective of this paper is to assess the impact of reengineering on organizational performance and to uncover how business process reengineering can help organizations to effect innovative and strategic changes in the organisation. The data for this current investigation were obtained from primary source that was analysed through simple percentage analysis and regression analysis. The paper concludes that business process reengineering has become useful weapon for any corporate organisations that is seeking for improvement in their current organizational performance and intends achieve cost leadership strategy in its operating industry and environment. It recommended that reengineering process remains effective tools for organizations striving to operate as effectively and efficiently as possible and organizations are required to reengineer their business processes in order to achieve breakthrough performance and long term strategy for organizational growth and performance.	Business process; Business process reengineering; Information technology; Organisational performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84876355263	Predicting the performance of bowlers in IPL: An application of artificial neural network	Saikia H., Bhattacharjee D., Lemmer H.H.	2012	International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport	12	1	None	Department of Business Administration, Jawaharlal Nehru School of Management, Assam University, Silchar-788011, Assam, India; Department of Statistics, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa	Saikia, H., Department of Business Administration, Jawaharlal Nehru School of Management, Assam University, Silchar-788011, Assam, India; Bhattacharjee, D., Department of Business Administration, Jawaharlal Nehru School of Management, Assam University, Silchar-788011, Assam, India; Lemmer, H.H., Department of Statistics, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa	Application of data mining tools is often used in professional sports for evaluating players'/ teams' performance. Cricket is one of those sports where a large amount of numerical information is generated in every game. The game of cricket got a new dimension in April 2008, when Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) initiated the Indian Premier League(IPL). It is a franchise based Twenty20 cricket tournament where teams are formed by competitive bidding from a collection of Indian and International players. Since, valuations of the players are determined through auction, so performance of individual player is always under scanner. The objective of this study is to analyze and predict the performance of bowlers in IPL, using artificial neural network. Based on the performance of bowlers in the first three seasons of IPL, the paper tries to predict the performances of those bowlers who entered in the league in its fourth season as their maiden IPL venture. The performances of these bowlers in IPL-IV are predicted, and the external validity of the model is tested using their actual performance in IPL-IV. This prediction can help the franchises to decide which bowler they should target for their team.	Data mining; Performance measurement in sports; Twenty20 cricket	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84916231059	Compensation management and motivation: Cooking utensils for organisational performance	Adeoye A.O., Elegunde A.F.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	27	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n27p88	Department of Business Administration, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria	Adeoye, A.O., Department of Business Administration, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria; Elegunde, A.F., Department of Business Administration, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria	The achievement of organisational performance is essential for sustainability and continuous existence of the organisation. Obviously, this is a function of employees that are well remunerated and motivated, thus, it is contingent that compensation management and employees motivation should be aligned with the vision, mission and objectives of the organisation. In doing this, the attainment of organisational performance becomes an easy task and it will also reduce the antecedent negative impact of absenteeism, labour turnover, industrial unrest and non-commitment attitude of the employees. Efficient and adequate compensation management and employees motivation will improve organisational productivity and image of the organisation. In order to attract, hire and retain skilful employees that will ensure the achievement of organisational performance, it is therefore; recommended that there should be a periodical review of compensation package. It is against the backdrop of the import of compensation and motivation as cooking utensils for organisational performance that this addressed. © 2014, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Compensation management; Employees; Motivation; Organisation; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84888358943	Foreign direct investment and the performance of manufacturing firms in Nigeria	Adamu A., Barde B.E.	2012	Research in Accounting in Emerging Economies	12	PARTB	10.1108/S1479-3563(2012)000012B012	Department of Business Administration, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nasarawa, Nigeria	Adamu, A., Department of Business Administration, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nasarawa, Nigeria; Barde, B.E., Department of Business Administration, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nasarawa, Nigeria	Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the performance of manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Methodology - Annual data of aggregate foreign direct investment, manufacturing foreign direct investment, manufacturing index, manufacturing capacity utilization, manufacturing value added, and manufacturing turnovers were used. In the analysis, we tested for stationarity using augmented Dickey-Fuller test, and the test for long-run relationship was conducted using Johansen cointegration test. Vector error correction model was used for causality test. Findings - The data satisfied the stationarity test and that there is a longrun relationship between FDI and the performance of manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The study also found that causality runs from FDI to the performance of manufacturing firms. Practical implications - Since there is a long-run relationship among the variables, policies to attract FDI into the manufacturing sector should have a long range view and should be sustainable. The policy direction should focus on improving productivity and innovative capabilities of the manufacturing sectors and strengthening the supporting industries and institutions. Specifically, policies like provision of tax relief to manufacturers on importation of new technology and expatriate that will bring about efficiency and effectiveness in productions. Originality/Value of paper - This is one of the few attempts at studying the impact of FDI on manufacturing firms. The study draws attention of policy makers in Nigeria to the fact that diversification of the economy can be achieved through a viable manufacturing sector. Copyright © 2012 by Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Augmented Dickey-Fuller test; Foreign direct investment; Johansen cointegration test and vector error correction model; Manufacturing capacity utilization; Manufacturing index; Manufacturing value added	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897148411	Ownership structure and firm performance: Evidence from nigerian listed companies	Abosede Adebiyi J., Kajola Sunday O.	2011	Corporate Ownership and Control	8	4 E	None	Department of Business Administration, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria; Department of Accounting, Banking and Finance, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria	Abosede Adebiyi, J., Department of Business Administration, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria; Kajola Sunday, O., Department of Accounting, Banking and Finance, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria	This paper examines the relationship between firms' ownership structure and financial performance in Nigeria, using a sample of thirty listed companies between 2001 and 2008. Using pooled OLS as a method of estimation and after controlling for four firm-specific characteristics, our results show a negative and significant relationship between ownership structure (director shareholding) and firm financial performance (ROE). This is in support of Entrenchment hypothesis. Also, our study does not support a non-linear relationship between ownership structure and firm performance.	Agency cost; Corporate governance; Nigeria; Ownership structure; ROE	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-81855206505	The impact of strategic planning on the performance of nigerian banks	Ilesanmi O.A.	2011	European Journal of Scientific Research	65	1	None	Department of Business Administration, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	Ilesanmi, O.A., Department of Business Administration, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	In today's competitive environment, every company has an action plan. Yet, for most managers, the processes used to create those plans don't usually work. Many have been refining their planning processes for ten to twenty years, frequently benchmarking with corporations known to be outstanding planners. Certainly, something must be wrong with the way managers think about planning as many corporate planning processes still generate such discontent. Taking ideas from other companies can be valuable, but it can also mislead and distract. It can prevent managers from focusing on what is unique to their situation. Although planning is not an end to success, but a means to an end, therefore individuals including corporate bodies that fail to plan, have planned to fail. Therefore, an organization is forced to look ahead, setting targets, anticipating problems and focusing on set goals and direction. Organizations, through their management set long-term strategies which are converted into short-term action plans to help achieve its long-term objectives. To this end, the importance of strategic planning and its impact on the overall performance/profitability cannot be over emphasized. © 2011 EuroJournals Publishing, Inc.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960021440	Strategic control and corporate performance in the manufacturing industry: Evidence from Nigeria	Kuye O.L., Oghojafor B.E.A.	2011	European Journal of Social Sciences	22	2	None	Department of Business Administration, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos State, Nigeria	Kuye, O.L., Department of Business Administration, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos State, Nigeria; Oghojafor, B.E.A., Department of Business Administration, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos State, Nigeria	Globally, the increase in business competition and the campaign for sustainable economic development is redirecting the attention of firms towards strategic control. The manufacturing industry remains one of the most critical engines for economic growth, and its performance as a catalyst to transform the economic structure of countries cannot be over-emphasized. Hence, this paper examines the relationship between strategic control and corporate performance in the manufacturing industry in Nigeria. A survey research method was used to generate data from a sample of manufacturing firms in Nigerian on strategic control and corporate performance variables. Responses from the survey were statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics, product moment correlation, regression analysis and Z-test (approximated with the independent sample t-test). The results of the study indicate a statistical significant relationship between strategic control and corporate performance as well as reveal a significant difference between the performance of firms whose strategic control are low and those whose strategic control are high. The research findings provide insights regarding how the interaction between strategic control and corporate performance would assist the growth and development of the manufacturing sector in Nigeria. This study provides important implications for the management of manufacturing organisations. In order to improve corporate performance, manufacturing firms need to demonstrate high level of commitment to strategic control.	Corporate performance; Manufacturing industry;; Nigeria; Strategic control	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77952619739	Impact of entrepreneurship education as a tool for self sustainance at Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, in Ogun State of Nigeria	Odunaike K.O., Amoda M.B.	2009	Social Sciences	4	1	None	Department of Business Education, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ijebu-Ode, Ogun state, Nigeria	Odunaike, K.O., Department of Business Education, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ijebu-Ode, Ogun state, Nigeria; Amoda, M.B., Department of Business Education, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ijebu-Ode, Ogun state, Nigeria	Entrepreneurship training is necessary in order to develop expertise as an entrepreneur, identify business opportunities and exploit them. The study therefore, examined the implication of entrepreneurship education in a named university in Ogun State as a tool for self sustenance and poverty alleviation. Questionnaire was used to collect data, while the data collected was analyzed using simple percentage. It was however, observed that entrepreneurship education offers a solution by preparing candidates particularly youths offered admission into university to be responsible, enterprising individuals, who can become entrepreneurs and ready to take risks and learn from the outcome. The researchers recommended that entrepreneurship education is expected to start from any form of post secondary institution, to enable the young ones understand the economics of life, survival, contribution to socio-economic development of their immediate environment and beyond. It also recommended that government should create a friendly or an enabling environment for entrepreneurship and consumer goods to boost the economy. © Medwell Journals, 2009.	Entrepreneurship education; Poverty alleviation; Self sustenance; Tai Solarin University; Training	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-72649089149	Post-issue operating performance of firms listing on the JSE	Auret C.J., Britten J.H.C.	2008	Investment Analysts Journal	68	1	None	Department of Business Finance, School of Economics and Business Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, South Africa	Auret, C.J., Department of Business Finance, School of Economics and Business Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, South Africa; Britten, J.H.C., Department of Business Finance, School of Economics and Business Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, South Africa	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907280714	The impact of skills-development training on lower-level employee’s motivation and job satisfaction - A case-study of five South African companies	Naong M.N.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	20	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p369	Department of Business Management, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Naong, M.N., Department of Business Management, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Empirical findings of the impact of training on employee motivation and job satisfaction are reported. One of the major debilitating effects of the legacy of apartheid is a high level of illiteracy in the South African population. Encouraging the corporate sector through levies to promote skills development, seems to have been received with mixed feelings. In this regard, the impact of training on the motivation level and job satisfaction of randomly sampled employees of five companies in two South African provinces is reported on. A longitudinal study, with a pre-and post-quasi experimental research design, was adopted to achieve the goal of the study-using a Job Description Index (JDI) measuring instrument to collect data from the respondents. There was a significant correlation between job satisfaction and effectiveness of training transfer-i.e. those employees who received more training were more motivated than those who received less training or no training at all. It is concluded that managers need to appreciate and ensure that the effectiveness of skills transfer is a critical determinant, that must illuminate the underlying challenges of achieving bottom-line targets. © MCSER-Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research.	Employee motivation; Job satisfaction; Lower-level employees; Moderating effect; Skills transfer	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940035974	The effects of start-up factor (self-efficacy) on business performance	Radipere S.	2014	Corporate Ownership and Control	12	1CONT7	None	Department of Business Management, University of South Africa, South Africa	Radipere, S., Department of Business Management, University of South Africa, South Africa	The study examined relationship between self-efficacy and business performance using 500 SMMEs in Gauteng province, South Africa. Questionnaire was used to collect data from 500 SMMEs owners. The findings from the survey were modelled through a categorical regression model with business performance as dependent variable. The level of significance of the fourteen variables out of eighteen variables suggests that self-efficacy be classified as the strongest predictor of business performance. These findings, depicting the magnitude of the business environment in the study area, clearly confirm the positive impact of self-efficacy on business performance. © 2014, Virtus Interpress, All rights reserved.	Business Performance; Entrepreneur; Self-Efficacy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84899501565	Does information and communication technologies contribute to organization performance? Evidence from Nigerian universities	Binuyo A.O., Brevis-Landsberg T.	2014	Problems and Perspectives in Management	12	1	None	Department of Business Management, College of Economics and Management Sciences, University of South Africa, South Africa	Binuyo, A.O., Department of Business Management, College of Economics and Management Sciences, University of South Africa, South Africa; Brevis-Landsberg, T., Department of Business Management, College of Economics and Management Sciences, University of South Africa, South Africa	This study assessed the relationship between ICT investments in relation to organizational performance with specific focus on knowledge-imbibed organizations - universities. The study focusses on drawing possible relationships between ICT investment and ICT cost efficiency and, various indicators of organization performance such as return on capital employed, net profit margin and return on assets. The study uses data generated from the annual report of 37 universities in South West Nigeria over the period between 2001 and 2010 in dynamic panel environment. Controlling for structural differences and time-varying dynamics among these universities, the analyses show varying effects of ICT investment on performance. The findings indicate that ICT investment and ICT cost efficiency have positive and significant relationship with performance indicators. The study recommends that ICT investment should be guided in order to stimulate organizational performance. © Adekunle Oluwole Binuyo, Tersia Brevis-Landsberg, 2014.	Firm performance; ICT cost efficiency; ICT investment; Resource-based theory; South West Nigeria; University business unit	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84926235128	Modelling the relationship between job demands, work attitudes and performance among nurses in a transition economy	Abiodun A.J., Osibanjo O.A., Adeniji A.A., Iyere-Okojie E.	2014	International Journal of Healthcare Management	7	4	10.1179/2047971914Y.0000000073	Department of Business Management, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria	Abiodun, A.J., Department of Business Management, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria; Osibanjo, O.A., Department of Business Management, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria; Adeniji, A.A., Department of Business Management, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria; Iyere-Okojie, E., Department of Business Management, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria	Nurses are critical human resource input in the hospitals’ functions of health promotion, curative and preventive care and; effective performance of their roles have implications for patients’ health outcomes. This study based on data obtained from 228 nurses in general and specialist hospitals explores the link between various dimensions of nurses’ job demands, job security and work attitude. Structural equation model analysis results indicate that work–family conflict and work pressures have implications for absenteeism; and that absenteeism is strongly linked with turnover while being a symptom of low job satisfaction. In addition, while job security negatively impact on absenteeism it has direct positive effect on both job satisfaction and commitment. This underlies the need for specific managerial countermeasures to balance work–family responsibilities as well as balance work load as measures to limit work pressures on nurses and hedge against absenteeism and turnover among nurses. © W. S. Maney & Son Ltd 2014.	Absenteeism; Job demand; Job security; Organizational withdrawal; Turnover; Work attitude	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-40649106302	Evaluation competencies of professional and non-professional teachers in Nigeria	Ololube N.P.	2008	Studies in Educational Evaluation	34	1	10.1016/j.stueduc.2008.01.004	Department of Business Management, Faculty of Management and Social Sciences, NOVENA University, Nigeria	Ololube, N.P., Department of Business Management, Faculty of Management and Social Sciences, NOVENA University, Nigeria	Teachers' job responsibility has changed significantly in recent years, and now, more than ever, there are pressing needs for high quality teachers to meet the goals of education for sustainable development, especially in developing countries. This timely study examined the relationship between professional and non-professional teachers' evaluation competencies and its impact on testing complexities and student academic achievement in Nigeria. A simple questionnaire incorporating multiple statistical procedures was fashioned containing a range of questions that elicited information from 300 respondents on their perception of teachers' evaluation competencies. From the findings, it was revealed that professional teachers apply various evaluation techniques more effectively than non-professional teachers. Further, suggestions regarding measures that could help improve the employability of teachers were succinctly discussed. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955042921	The impact of intra-group processes on family business success	Farrington S., Venter E., Boshoff C.	2011	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	14	1	None	Department of Business Management, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa; Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Farrington, S., Department of Business Management, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa; Venter, E., Department of Business Management, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa; Boshoff, C., Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Interpersonal ties and intra-group processes influence the ability of people to work together effectively as teams. In the context of the family business team, intra-group processes describe the interaction that takes place between the family members and the resultant psychological climate that exists in the family business. Given the increasing number of sibling teams among family businesses, as well as the challenges they face as team members, this study focuses on sibling teams in family businesses and the intra-group processes that influence their success. The primary objective of this study is to identify and empirically test the intragroup processes influencing the effectiveness of sibling partnerships. A structured questionnaire was distributed to 1323 sibling partner respondents. The respondents were identified by means of a convenience snowball sampling technique, and the data were collected from 371 usable questionnaires. The empirical findings of this study show that the sibling relationship and fairness are important determinants of sibling team effectiveness.	Family business; Family team; Intra-group processes; Sibling partnership; Team	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84861313410	Team performance and sport attendance of South African super rugby and Currie cup rugby fans	Gerber C., Terblanche N.S.	2012	South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation	34	1	None	Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa	Gerber, C., Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Terblanche, N.S., Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa	To compete successfully in the expanding sport market, sport marketers need a thorough understanding of sport consumers, who include sport participants and sport spectators. Sport spectators are, in many instances, fanatical about the performance and success of their teams. It is thus obvious that ultimately their satisfaction with the experience of attending sporting events will be an important predictor of whether they will attend future events. Understanding the factors that influence spectator attendance is fundamental to understanding decisions about sport consumption. In professional rugby, competitions such as the Super Rugby and Currie Cup benefit from the lucrative money-generating opportunities offered. This study focuses on team performance and spectator attendance of the Super Rugby and Currie Cup competitions. Results indicated some interesting relationships between team performance and spectator attendance, and that a team's final log position could predict future spectator attendance.	Fans; Marketing; Rugby; Spectators; Sport attendance; Team performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84925949590	The impact of the business environment on the South African emerging market economy	Fisher J.J., Mostert F.J., Mostert J.H.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	12	2 CONT6	None	Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa	Fisher, J.J., Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa; Mostert, F.J., Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa; Mostert, J.H., Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa	The business environment impacts on the strategic as well as the operational policies, decisions and actions of enterprises, as businesses do not operate in a vacuum. This research paper addresses the impact of the business environment on the South African emerging market economy, where emerging market economies usually have a rapid growing economy as well as government policies which embody economic liberalization and a free-market system. Secondary as well as primary data were applied to achieve the objective of this research paper, which involves the improvement of financial decision-making concerning the impact of the business environment on an emerging market economy. The empirical study of this research paper focuses on the following three aspects, viz.: The importance of the impact of various business environment factors on an emerging market economy, The problem areas within the business environment which impact on an emerging market economy and possible solutions to solve them, as well as The perceptions concerning the rating of various business environment factors over the past five years and the next five years in South Africa. As this research paper focuses on an emerging market economy, the conclusions of this study should be valuable to other countries which have the same type of economy. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Business environment; Economic impact; Financial impact; Impact of foreign direct investments; Impact of the infrastructure; Political impact	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84946189753	The importance of the impact of political risk factors in South Africa	Essel R., Mostert F.J.	2013	Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions	3	1CONTINUED1	None	Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa	Essel, R., Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa; Mostert, F.J., Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa	Political risk factors often impact negatively on the financial results of an enterprise, industry, geographical region or an entire country. In severe cases they may even lead to financial disasters. Previous research (by Essel) identified 10 specific political risk factors which are common to emerging market economies. As South Africa is a developing country with an emerging market economy, these 10 political risk factors should also be present in this country. This paper focuses on the importance of the impact of political risk factors on an agent’s total annual claims amount when underwriting political risk insurance in South Africa. The objective of this research paper embodies the improvement of financial decision-making by a particular enterprise, industry, geographical region or country operating in an emerging market economy, pertaining to the importance of the impact of political risk factors. A literature study as well as an empirical survey was done to achieve the study’s objective. The conclusions of this research should also be valuable to other enterprises, industries, geographical regions or countries which operate in an emerging market economy. © 2013, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Breach of contract; Confiscation; Creeping expropriation; Currency inconvertibility; Nationalisation; Non-honouring of government payments; Non-violent civil unrest; Political risk factors; Terrorism; Violent civil unrest; War	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84951947214	Institutional proxy voting in South Africa: Process, outcomes and impact	Viviers S., Smit E.Vdm.	2015	South African Journal of Business Management	46	4	None	Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa; University of Stellenbosch Business School, PO Box 610, Bellville, South Africa	Viviers, S., Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa; Smit, E.Vdm., University of Stellenbosch Business School, PO Box 610, Bellville, South Africa	This study investigated the nature of institutional shareholder activism in South Africa with a particular focus on proxy voting as a public form of shareholder discontent. A total of 24 510 votes cast by 17 local investment management companies in 2013 were analysed. Interviews were also conducted with selected investment managers to gain more insight into the proxy voting process at their companies. Based on this data, it was concluded that investment managers preferred to engage with investee companies in private and viewed proxy voting as the last link in the shareholder activism chain. As a result, only 6.6 per cent of all votes were 'against' resolutions tabled by 347 JSE-listed companies in 2013. Resolutions regarding shareholders' endorsement of companies' remuneration policies; the election and re-election of directors, particularly those serving on audit committees; and the issuance of ordinary shares elicited the most opposition. Companies that were excluded from the JSE's Socially Responsible Investment Index in 2013 attracted significantly more opposition than their counterparts who were included in the index when seeking shareholder approval on the election and re-election of directors and the placing of shares under the control of directors. The same applied to companies that had low environmental, social and governance disclosure scores in 2013 as regards the issuance of shares. It is recommended, amongst others, that shareholder activism in South Africa be promoted by enhancing investor education and effecting some regulatory changes.	None	None	National Research Foundation
Scopus	2-s2.0-84946163885	The impact of perceived risk on on-line purchase behaviour	Gerber C., Ward S., Goedhals-Gerber L.	2014	Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions	4	4CONTINUED1	None	Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Department of Logistics, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Gerber, C., Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Ward, S., Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Goedhals-Gerber, L., Department of Logistics, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	To avoid risks, consumers tend to be failry thoughtful decision makers. Research has shown that consumers perceive risks associated with purchasing online and as a result online purchasing has not yet reached the numbers that were projected. In order for e-commerce to live up to its full potential, online retailers should gain an understanding of which perceived risks online purchasing consumers are most concerned with. This study aimed to assess the impact of perceived risk on online buying behaviour. Personal interview surveys were conducted in an emerging market whereby 200 respondents that have access to the internet were interviewed in selected malls with regards to their perceived risks when buying online. The results showed that perceived risk does have an impact on online buying behaviour, and that consumers that have not bought online in the past are likely not to do so in the future. The results show that characteristics of emerging markets are sufficiently distinct from developed markets in that consumers in developed markets seem to be more conservative when buying online. Marketers should therefore developed alternative marketing programs when communicating to these markets in an attempt to persuade consumers to buy online. © 2014, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Financial risk; Functional risk; Online buying behaviour; Perceived risk; Physical risk; Psychological risk; Social risk; Time risk	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897133072	The impact of strategy and organizational factors on corporate entrepreneurship	Hough J., Scheepers R.	2011	Corporate Ownership and Control	8	2 E	None	Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; University of Sunshine Coast, Australia	Hough, J., Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Scheepers, R., University of Sunshine Coast, Australia	Large companies create new businesses as an innovative way of solving challenging problems but also see new internal ventures as a way of increased entrepreneurial behaviour and sustained differentiation. However, strategic leadership is crucial to develop an organizational environment needed to increase the entrepreneurial orientation and motivation in established businesses. This paper focus on strategic leadership and selected salient organizational factors that aid in the development of corporate entrepreneurship (CE). A cross sectional telephone survey of 315 South African companies indicated that strategic leadership of an enterprise is crucial to create the right environment and develop and support organizational structures and CE. Strategic leadership which encourages autonomy and provides rewards for entrepreneurial behaviour creates a supportive organizational structure to strengthen corporate entrepreneurship.	Corporate entrepreneurship; Organizational structure; Strategic leadership	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907290364	External environmental factors impacting on access to debt finance by small and medium enterprises in South Africa	Fatoki O.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	20	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p1013	Department of Business Management, Turfloop campus, University of LimpopoLimpopo Province, South Africa	Fatoki, O., Department of Business Management, Turfloop campus, University of LimpopoLimpopo Province, South Africa	Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are critical to the reduction of the high rates of poverty and unemployment in South Africa. The failure rate of SMEs is very high. Access to debt finance is one of the major constraints to the survival of new SMEs in South Africa. Access to debt finance to by SMEs can be influenced by both borrower-specific (internal factors) and systemic factors (external factors). The objective of the study was to examine the external environmental factors that can impact on access to debt finance by SMEs in South Africa. The study evaluated how external factors such as the macro-economic environment, the legal system, crime and corruption can impact on access to debt finance by SMEs. © MCSER-Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research.	Debt finance; External environment; Small and medium enterprises; SMEs; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949813999	The impact of risk on the financial performance of small medium enterprises in the construction industry in eastern cape, South Africa	Chiliya W., Rungani E.C., Chiliya N., Chikandiwa C.T.	2015	Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions	5	3CONT2	None	Department of Business Management, University of Fort Hare Alice, P.B. X1314, Eastern Cape, South Africa; University of the Witwatesrand School of Economics and Business Sciences, Private Bag 3, Wits, South Africa; University of KwaZulu-Natal, Graduate School of Leadership, Westville Campus, Private Bag, Durban, South Africa	Chiliya, W., Department of Business Management, University of Fort Hare Alice, P.B. X1314, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Rungani, E.C., Department of Business Management, University of Fort Hare Alice, P.B. X1314, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Chiliya, N., University of the Witwatesrand School of Economics and Business Sciences, Private Bag 3, Wits, South Africa; Chikandiwa, C.T., University of KwaZulu-Natal, Graduate School of Leadership, Westville Campus, Private Bag, Durban, South Africa	Risk management has become the driving force for business success due to the everchanging business environment. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of the level of awareness and use of risk management techniques on the financial performance. The data was collected from 82 of Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) owners/managers in the construction industry in Eastern Cape, South Africa. The results show that the level of awareness and use of risk management techniques have a significant impact on the financial performance of SMEs in the construction industry. The study recommends that the government, tertiary institutions, construction industry development board, and SME owners or managers in the construction industry should work together in improving the level of awareness and use of risk management techniques. © 2015 Virtus Interpress.All rights reserved.	Financial performance; Risk awareness; Risk management techniques; Small Medium enterprises	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892529392	Overview and performance of the SMMEs sector in South Africa	Chimucheka T.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	14	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n14p783	Department of Business Management, University of Fort Hare, Alice, P.B. X1314, Eastern Cape, 5700, South Africa	Chimucheka, T., Department of Business Management, University of Fort Hare, Alice, P.B. X1314, Eastern Cape, 5700, South Africa	This paper provides an overview of Small, Micro and Medium Enterprises (SMMEs) in South Africa. The paper also investigates the contribution and importance of the SMME sector in South Africa, challenges faced by SMMEs as well as issues pertaining to SMME performance. Resource requirements of SMMEs are also discussed. Information was gathered though an extensive literature review.	Performance; Resources; SMME; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84898752140	The impact of managerial competencies on the performance of immigrant- owned enterprises in South Africa	Fatoki O.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	6 SPEC. ISSUE	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n6p141	Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Limpopo Province, South Africa	Fatoki, O., Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Limpopo Province, South Africa	The study investigates the impact managerial competencies (specifically owners' education, prior and related experience) on the performance of immigrant owned enterprises in South Africa. The empirical approach consists of data collection through the use of self-administered questionnaire in a survey. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test of independence. The results indicate that there is a relationship between owners' education and performance. Higher level of education (Matric and above) is associated albeit insignificantly with business performance. Business owners with work experience prior to starting business significantly perform better than those without prior experience. Business owners with related experience prior to staring business significantly perform better than those without related experience. Recommendations to improve the level of education and experience of the owners of immigrant entrepreneurs of are suggested.	Immigrant entrepreneurs; Managerial competencies; Performance; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897401138	The impact of leadership styles on employee organisational commitment in higher learning institutions	Wiza M., Hlanganipai N.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	4	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n4p135	Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Private Bag 1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa	Wiza, M., Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Private Bag 1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa; Hlanganipai, N., Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Private Bag 1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa	The current study seeks to determine the impact of leadership styles on employees' organisational commitment constructs among University academic staff at a selected South African institution. A quantitative methodology, using self-administered surveys comprised of the Organisational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) and the Multi Factor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) was used to collect data from 160 respondents. The data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 20.0. Spearman correlation analysis was used to test for relationships between the independent variable (leadership style) and the dependant variable (organizational commitment. The findings of the study revealed that transformational leadership style has a significant and positive relationship with affective and continuance employee commitment while transactional leadership style has significant and positive relationship with only normative commitment. Based on the findings of this study, it is worth noting that leadership styles plays an important role to an employees' organizational commitment and it is very important for organizational policy makers to take this into consideration in order to meet organizational goals. This study contributes to the bank of findings relating to the development of leadership and organisational commitment, not only in South Africa, but within the institutions of higher learning in particular.	Academics; Impact; Organisational commitment; Transactional leadership; Transformational leadership	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941134620	The effects of business support as a start-up factor on business performance	Radipere S.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	13	1CONT1	None	Department of Business Management, University of South Africa, South Africa	Radipere, S., Department of Business Management, University of South Africa, South Africa	The study examined relationship between business support and business performance using 500 SMMEs in Gauteng province, South Africa. Questionnaire was used to collect data from 500 SMMEs owners. The findings from the survey were modelled through a categorical regression model with business performance as dependent variable. The level of significance of the four variables out of eight variables suggests that business support be classified as the strongest predictor of business performance. © 2015, Virtus interpress. All rights reserved.	Business performance; Business support; Entrepreneur	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897447953	Career management practices: Impact of work design on employee retention	Hlanganipai N., Mazanai M.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	4	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n4p21	Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Private Bag 1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa; School of Business and Economics, Monash South Africa (A campus of Monash University Australia), 144 Peter Rd, Ruimsig, South Africa	Hlanganipai, N., Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Private Bag 1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa; Mazanai, M., School of Business and Economics, Monash South Africa (A campus of Monash University Australia), 144 Peter Rd, Ruimsig, South Africa	The paper presents the findings of the study that was conducted to investigate the impact of Work design on employee retention. A quantitative research methodology was used and 116 randomly selected respondents participated in this study. Self-administered questionnaires were administered to respondents; drawn from Manufacturing, Wholesale and Retail, Banking and Finance and Others industries. The data collected was analysed using SPSS 20.0. Correlational statistics revealed statistically significant relationship between all the ten (10) identified work design variables and employee retention variables. However strong correlations were observed between job enrichment, job design and job enlargement. Therefore, it can be recommended that addressing job enrichment; job design and job enlargement should take priority over others, if the organisation is to achieve acceptable employee retention levels. The value of the findings of this study lies in the explanatory utility of the identified relationships between work design variables and employee retention, in the 21st century economy whose main characteristics is high volatility in the work environment and high levels of employee mobility.	Career management; Employee retention; South Africa; Work design	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900537892	The impact of social media-based marketing on the turnover of retailers based in Polokwane, South Africa	Oni O.A., Shumba P.M., Matiza T.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	9	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n9p307	Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, South Africa	Oni, O.A., Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, South Africa; Shumba, P.M., Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, South Africa; Matiza, T., Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, South Africa	The purpose of this study is to establish the impact of social network-based marketing on the turnover of retailers in the Polokwane area of Limpopo Province South Africa. Primarily the study tests three hypothesis related to digital marketing. The study adopted the quantitative research design, utilising self-complete, likert scale questionnaires to generate the relevant quantitative data. The data from the questionnaires was analysed using frequency diagrams and hypothesis tested by determining averages and standard deviations. Critically, the study found that social media networks as a form of digital marketing had a positive impact on the turnover of retailers in Polokwane. Further-more, it was found that the majority of the retailers who participated in the study utilised social networks in one form or another as a digital marketing tool and viewed it as a viable marketing approach. Ultimately, this paper recommends that retailers who have not integrated social media as part of their integrated marketing communications strategy do so in order to strengthen their online brand presence given the positive impact of digital marketing tools on turnover. More-so as a result of this study, the paper recommends that retailers in Polokwane continue to utilise social networks in their marketing efforts.	Digital marketing; Retailers; Social media; South Africa; Turnover	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900533306	The impact of management information systems on a South African University's organisational processes	Oni O.A., Gonese G.M., Matiza T.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	9	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n9p199	Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga, South Africa	Oni, O.A., Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga, South Africa; Gonese, G.M., Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga, South Africa; Matiza, T., Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga, South Africa	This study aimed to determine the impact of management information systems on the organisational performance of a ruralbased university in South Africa, while also exploring the perceived benefits and challenges with regards to the management system currently being utilised by the institution. The study adopted the mixed methods approach to research and employed a combination of probability and non-probability sampling techniques to establish the final sample frame. Descriptive statistics were used to present the data generated by the survey, which utilised questionnaires as its data generation instrument. As a result of this study it was established that there were benefits inherent to the application of management information systems within the institution and that the users of the system were overall satisfied with management information systems as they improved productivity, performance of duties and decision making. However, it also emerged that administrators of the management system were not content with the current system and its utility. The study ultimately recommends that there needs to be increased awareness and training on the utility of the current management information systems, to create a more conducive environment for the implementation of a more modern system that satisfies both academic staff and the system administrators.	Management information systems; University organisation performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-22544463371	Critical evaluation of two models for entrepreneurial education: An improved model through integration	Pretorius M., Nieman G., Van Vuuren J.	2005	International Journal of Educational Management	19	5	10.1108/09513540510607743	Department of Business Management, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Pretorius, M., Department of Business Management, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Nieman, G., Department of Business Management, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Van Vuuren, J., Department of Business Management, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Purpose - This paper focuses on the comparison of two models for entrepreneurial education with the aim of potential integration. At this juncture when entrepreneurial development is seen as the core contributor to enhance start-ups of new ventures and hence facilitate economic growth and development, the best possible education model is required. The creation of more entrepreneurs is at least partially dependent on the creation and advancement of efficient educational models. Design/methodology/approach - First, this paper briefly describes the two independently developed models for entrepreneurial education. Second, an in-depth qualitative analysis of the individual model constructs is presented to evaluate the contributions and limitations of each. Third, this paper proposes an integrated model that identifies certain weaknesses of each of its building-blocks, which are eliminated by the integration. Findings - The paper concludes that the integrated model for entrepreneurial education enhances the body of knowledge and highlights the key role of facilitators of entrepreneurial education programmes. Originality/value - Suggests that research should be conducted into the facilitation skills, entrepreneurial and business experience of existing facilitators and potentially those of business advisers that act as mentors. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Educational development; Entrepreneurialism; Training	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901468604	Dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation and small and medium enterprise performance in emerging economies	Le Roux I., Bengesi K.M.K.	2014	Development Southern Africa	31	4	10.1080/0376835X.2014.913474	Department of Business Management, University of Pretoria, Private Bag x20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; Department of Business Management, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	Le Roux, I., Department of Business Management, University of Pretoria, Private Bag x20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; Bengesi, K.M.K., Department of Business Management, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	The removal of trade barriers has encouraged the entry of new competitors into formerly protected markets. This situation creates pressure on many small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in emerging economies such as Tanzania. Using a survey method and cross-sectional research design, the research examines three dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation (EO), namely: pro-activeness, risk-taking and competitive aggressiveness. Understanding their relationships and variance may help to improve our ability to explain SME performance. The findings contribute to how SME performance in emerging economies can be enhanced to enable SMEs to face challenges posed by competitor influx in the context of an open market economy. The findings indicate a strong relationship between EO dimensions and performance, with risk-taking and competitive aggressiveness moderating the effect of pro-activeness. The proposed model could predict 72% of the variance explained in SME performance. © 2014 © 2014 Development Bank of Southern Africa.	emerging economies; entrepreneurial; entrepreneurial orientation dimensions; performance; small business	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84891619479	Key indicators for optimising supply chain performance: The case of light vehicle manufacturers In South Africa	Ambe I.M.	2014	Journal of Applied Business Research	30	1	None	Department of Business Management, University of South Africa (UNISA), South Africa	Ambe, I.M., Department of Business Management, University of South Africa (UNISA), South Africa	This article investigates key indicators for optimising supply chain performance of light vehicle manufacturers in South Africa. The article is based on a survey conducted among light vehicle manufacturers in South Africa with origins in Asia and Europe. Semi-structured interview questionnaire was used based on purposive sampling technique and the data was analysed using SPSS. The findings revealed that quality, final product delivery reliability and cost were highly rated and the most important indicators for the South African automotive market. Innovation (radical and incremental changes) was the least important among the indicators sampled. The article further revealed that there is a perceived difference on the importance of supply chain indicators between manufacturers of Asian and European origins. Final product delivery reliability and order delivery lead time tended to be more important to European manufacturers compared to Asian manufacturers. The article attests to the fact that competitiveness in cost, quality and product offerings are paramount to automotive manufacturers in today's turbulent environment. It also reveals key competitive criteria used by European and Asian manufacturers based in South Africa. The article contributes to literature on SCM and reveals the way in which vehicle manufacturers in South Africa do business. © by author(s); CC-BY.	Performance Indicators; South Africa; Supply Chain Management; Vehicle Manufacturers	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939506652	The effects of motivation as a start-up factor on business performance	Radipere S.	2015	Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions	5	1	None	Department of Business Management, University of South Africa, Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa	Radipere, S., Department of Business Management, University of South Africa, Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa	The study examined the relationship between entrepreneurial motivation and business performance using 500 SMEs in Gauteng province, South Africa. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 500 SME owners. The findings from the survey were modelled through a categorical regression model with business performance as the dependent variable. The level of significance of eight variables out of the twelve variables suggests that motivation be classified as the strongest predictor of business performance. These findings, depicting the magnitude of the business environment in the study area, clearly confirm the positive impact of motivation on business performance. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Business performance; Entrepreneurship; Motivation; SME	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955837057	The performance of South African shared services	Ramphal R.R.	2011	South African Journal of Industrial Engineering	22	1	None	Department of Business Management, University of South Africa, South Africa	Ramphal, R.R., Department of Business Management, University of South Africa, South Africa	Many South African companies are adopting the shared services methodology because this structure has led to lower operating costs, greater business efficiency, and improved internal service quality in international companies. Part of a doctoral study on shared services in South African companies shows that their business unit managers have not yet experienced positive rewards from their shared services. This article reports on this study, and suggests a larger-scale research project to validate these findings and to investigate the reasons for the poor performance.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904135242	The effects of entrepreneurial orientation on business performance	Radipere S.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	16	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n16p141	Department of Business Management, University of South Africa, South Africa	Radipere, S., Department of Business Management, University of South Africa, South Africa	Entrepreneurship scholars have attempted to explain performance by investigating the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance. Therefore, the study will look at how entrepreneurial orientation impact on business performance. Questionnaire was used to collect data from 500 SMMEs owners. The findings from the survey among 500 SMME owners were modelled through a categorical regression model with business performance as dependent variable. The level of significance of the eight variables out of twelve variables suggests that entrepreneurial orientation be classified as the strongest predictor of business performance. The ability to adjust one's business model to adapt to changed economic circumstances is an important thing as it dictates performance in increasingly competitive economic environment.	Business performance; Entrepreneurial orientation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900563158	The role of gender and education on small business performance in the South African small enterprise sector	Radipere S., Dhliwayo S.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	9	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n9p104	Department of Business Management, University of South Africa, South Africa; Department of Business Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	Radipere, S., Department of Business Management, University of South Africa, South Africa; Dhliwayo, S., Department of Business Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	The study aims to find out the extent to which demographic factors influence business performance. This study examined the effect demographic variables: gender and education of owner have on business performance. Business performance is measured by income, profit, market share, return on income or investment, number of employees and product line. A structured research instrument was used to collect data from 500 SMEs in retail industry through interviewer administrated and selfadministrated survey and 93% of questionnaires were returned. It was found that there is a significant difference between mean values of business performance and the demographic variables, gender and education. The results show that there is a significant difference in performance, among the different educational levels. Those with higher levels of education, such as diplomas and degrees should be encouraged to take up entrepreneurship as career options since the businesses they would run (according to the study's findings) will perform better and this would be good for the economy. The results also show that the variable "gender" does play a significant role in business performance. This implies that gender affects business performance.	Education; Gender and SMEs; Small business performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-58149387883	The performance of value stocks and growth stocks: The Hong Kong stock market 1981-2005	Bo L., Krige J.D.	2008	Journal for Studies in Economics and Econometrics	32	1	None	Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa	Bo, L., Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; Krige, J.D., Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa	This study finds that value stocks outperformed growth stocks in the case of the Hong Kong market over the period 1981 to 2005. It also finds that this is the case for the two sub-periods before and after the Asian financial crisis in 1997. Value stocks continued to outperform growth stocks after allowing for the firm size effect. The difference in return between value stocks and growth stocks increased when equally weighted portfolio returns were compared with value-weighted returns. The results were mixed when comparing risk adjusted returns using standard deviation as risk measure. The results of this study are in line with a number of international as well as South African studies.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894070154	Can personal initiative training improve small business success?: A longitudinal South African evaluation study	Solomon G., Frese M., Friedrich C., Glaub M.	2013	International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation	14	4	10.5367/ijei.2013.0129	Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; Department of Management and Organisation, National University of Singapore Business School, Singapore; Leuphana University of Lueneburg, Germany; Department of Management, University of the Western Cape, South Africa; University of Applied Sciences, Giessen, Germany; University of Giessen, Germany	Solomon, G., Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; Frese, M., Department of Management and Organisation, National University of Singapore Business School, Singapore, Leuphana University of Lueneburg, Germany; Friedrich, C., Department of Management, University of the Western Cape, South Africa, University of Applied Sciences, Giessen, Germany; Glaub, M., University of Giessen, Germany	High levels of personal initiative will be required to unlock the potential offered by the many untapped resources in Africa in terms of business opportunities. Significant resources are ploughed into the development of the small business sector by governments in Africa, particularly in South Africa. However, there is little evidence that these efforts are sufficiently effective to produce the desired results. Two issues are addressed in this article: (a) whether or not enhancing the personal initiative of owner-managers improves the performance of small businesses, and (b) the moderation of the content and effectiveness of a short training intervention by means of a longitudinal evaluation study, including a control group. The findings show an increase in the training group's business activities and performance, and also identify the varied contributions of the components of the training.	Entrepreneurial training; Entrepreneurship education; Personal initiative training; Small businesses; South africa; Success factors	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-81855212815	Value based financial performance measures: An evaluation of relative and incremental information content	Erasmus P.	2008	Corporate Ownership and Control	6	0.041666666667	None	Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa	Erasmus, P., Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa	Value-based (VB) financial performance measures are often advanced as improvements over traditional measures. It is argued that the inclusion of a firms cost of capital in the calculation of these measures facilitates the evaluation of value creation. Furthermore they attempt to remove some accounting distortions resulting from the limitations of conventional accounting information. This paper investigates the ability of four VB measures to explain market-adjusted share returns and compare it to that of some traditional measures. Empirical results indicate that the relative information contents of the VB measures are not greater than that of earnings. The incremental information content tests indicate that their components add significantly to the information content of earnings, but that the level of significance is relatively low.	Accounting information; Cost of capital; Financial performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867263314	The effect of the South African market concentration on portfolio performance	Van Heerden J.D., Saunderson S.	2008	Corporate Ownership and Control	6	0.041666666667	None	Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; PO Box 330, Gallo Manor, 2052, South Africa	Van Heerden, J.D., Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Saunderson, S., PO Box 330, Gallo Manor, 2052, South Africa	Portfolio risk is mainly a function of portfolio concentration and covariance between the assets in a portfolio. This study shows that South Africa experiences a high level of market concentration and that assets with large weights in the FTSE/JSE All Share Index (ALSI) have large covariances with each other. Together these two phenomena suggest that a high level of portfolio risk can be expected. Active portfolio managers in South African generally attempt to decrease portfolio concentration by deviating from the benchmark's weighting structure in order to decrease their portfolio risk. The effect of such a portfolio construction process on the measurement of relative performance, where the ALSI is used as the benchmark, was investigated by means of a simulation process. The results indicated that during times when those shares with larger weights in the index perform well, the probability of outperforming the ALSI is very small, while the probability of outperforming the ALSI during times when those same shares perform poorly is very high. These findings suggest that investors need to be educated about the bias regarding relative performance measurement using broad market indices, while alternative or additional methods of performance measurement need to be investigated to minimise this bias.	Performance measures; South Africa; Stock market	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897139760	From philanthropy to impact investing: Shifting mindsets in South Africa	Viviers S., Ractliffe T., Hand D.	2011	Corporate Ownership and Control	8	0.16666666667	None	Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa	Viviers, S., Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; Ractliffe, T.; Hand, D.	This paper contributes to the body of knowledge on impact investing in South Africa by defining the phenomenon, outlining the relationship between philanthropy, responsible investing (RI) and impact investing, and discussing the moral roots and historical development of these three concepts. Attention is also given to the current status of philanthropy, RI and impact investing internationally and locally. A review of 53 local RI funds established over the period 1 June 1992 to 31 December 2010 reveal that the majority have an impact investing focus, either on its own or in combination with other RI strategies. The challenges in stimulating growth in impact investing in South Africa are highlighted and suggestions provided to address these challenges.	Impact investing; Philanthropy; Responsible investing; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84878763974	Marketing perspective on the impact of financial and non-financial measures on shareholder value	Terblanche N.S., Gerber C., Erasmus P., Schmidt D.	2013	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	16	2	None	Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	Terblanche, N.S., Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa; Gerber, C., Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa; Erasmus, P., Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa; Schmidt, D., Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	The pressure for financial accountability contributed to widespread concern about the function of marketing within the company. Consequently, marketers have become preoccupied with measuring the performance of marketing activity. Diverse financial and non-financial methods have been developed to provide evidence of how marketing activity impacts on the bottom line. This article proposes an approach whereby financial and non-financial performance measures are combined to measure the contribution of marketing to sales. Secondary data from two retail brands within the same industry were analysed whereby actual accounting data were adjusted to examine the link between marketing expenditures, specifically with regard to the 4Ps (typical non-financial measures), and sales. The results of the time series regression showed that the nature of the relationship between marketing expenditures and sales is dependent largely on the product characteristics. The link between marketing and sales depicted serves as a starting point from which to build a more robust measurement tool incorporating financial and non-financial marketing performance measures that will serve to justify investment in the marketing of a brand.	Marketing performance measures; Shareholder value; Time series analysis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897141161	Proposed model of the impact of strategic leadership on operational strategy and organisational performance of business organisations in South Africa	Serfontein J.J., Hough J.	2011	Corporate Ownership and Control	8	3 E	None	Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	Serfontein, J.J.; Hough, J., Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	Since the mid-1980's a growing body of leadership research has focused on strategic leadership, in contrast to managerial and visionary leadership. It focused on how top leadership makes decisions in the short term that guarantees the long-term viability of the organisation. The best performing organisations are consciously strategic in their leadership planning. These top leaders also have the ability to align human resources in an effective way directly to the business strategy. This article proposes a model towards the effective implementation of strategic leadership processes which can help business and organisational leaders with the successful implementation of high performance strategic leadership practices. This research also pinpointed theoretical and substantively meaningful endogeneous organisational capabilities that mediated this relationship and exogenous organisational factors that moderated this relationship.	Performance; South Africa; Strategic leadership	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908364911	Benchmarking sustainable high performance companies	Hough J.	2012	Corporate Ownership and Control	9	42403	None	Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Hough, J., Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa	This article examines various approaches to benchmarking and measuring sustainable performance in order to identify long-term high performance companies in South Africa. We set guidelines and select the criteria for benchmarking high performance.This benchmarking approach (based on the accessibility and reliability of standardized financial data) addresses the critical issues in the measurement of sustainable performance: benchmarking approaches, measuring strategic performance, finding the right guidelines for peer performance benchmarks, calibrating sustainability and long-term performance, and comparing individual high performers with the established benchmark.This study sheds light on the practical guidelines for and the benefit of benchmarking high performance. Forty-four peer performance benchmarks and clusters based on 166 Johannesburg Securities Exchange (JSE) listed companies were established. Furthermore, fourteen high and superior performers were identified on the basis of this benchmark process. © 2012 Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Performance benchmark; Performance clusters; Superior performing companies; sustainable high performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907297046	Growth intention and its impact on business growth amongst SMEs in South Africa	Neneh B.N., Vanzyl J.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	20	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p172	Department of Business Management, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Neneh, B.N., Department of Business Management, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Vanzyl, J., Department of Business Management, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Growth is generally perceived as a good goal for businesses because it is an important measure of business success and key driver to the creation of wealth, employment, and economic development in every country around the world. Nevertheless, studies depict that many SME owner are not interested in growth or deliberately refrain from pursuing growth and it is also unclear as to what happens to entrepreneur’s growth intentions subsequent to the launch of a venture. This study had as objectives to find out which factors determine the growth intention amongst existing business owners and the impact growth intention has on the actual growth of their SMEs. This study identified some factors (locus of control and self-efficacy, prior family business exposure, level of education, entrepreneurship education, need for achievement, tolerance of ambiguity and uncertainty and procedural requirements for business registration) to significantly affect the growth intentions of entrepreneurs in South Africa. This study also established that growth intentions were significantly related to actual firm growth in terms of sales growth and asset growth. Thus policy measures should put in place support programs that will promote a culture of growth oriented thinking amongst SME owners as a means of fostering growth in the SME sector. © MCSER-Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research.	Firm growth; Growth intention; SME; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943275681	Online-mobile service cross-channel cognitive evaluations in a multichannel context	Nel J., Boshoff C.	2015	South African Journal of Business Management	46	3	None	Department of Business Management, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Nel, J., Department of Business Management, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Boshoff, C., Department of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Since the advent of mobile commerce, many firms have added a mobile (m-) service to their existing offline and online services. The adoption of an m-service in a multichannel context is not only influenced by factors directly associated with the m-service, but also by cross-channel cognitive evaluations emanating from other existing channels. These cross-channel evaluations can lead to evaluative synergies and dissynergies that can influence consumer decision-making. To explore empirically the impact of cross-channel synergies and dissynergies between the online service and the m-service offered by the same firm, against the background of expectation-transfer theory and status-quo-bias theory, data were collected from 666 online-service users. Consistent with expectation-transfer theory and status-quo-bias theory, the results of the study demonstrated that cross-channel evaluative synergies and dissynergies do indeed impact salient m-service beliefs. The results suggest that managers can leverage the cross-channel synergies emanating from online trust and ease-of-use beliefs to enhance the adoption of the m-service. The results also suggest that, to enhance wider adoption, the marketing managers of m-services need to mitigate the status-quo-bias effects emanating from online-service facilitating conditions, and lower online-service risk perceptions.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79954480944	Strategic flexibility and market performance of SMEs in Nigeria	Asikhia O.	2011	International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development	10	1	10.1504/IJMED.2011.039659	Department of Business Studies, College of Business and Social Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Canaan Land, Km. 10, Idiroko, P.M.B. 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	Asikhia, O., Department of Business Studies, College of Business and Social Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Canaan Land, Km. 10, Idiroko, P.M.B. 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	The study determines the relationship between strategic flexibility and market performance of small-and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria. This paper presents primary data collected by self-administered questionnaires involving a sample of 476 respondents from different regions of Nigeria. The data were subjected to descriptive statistical and correlation analysis as well as structural equation modelling. This study reveals that strategic flexibility relates positively and significantly with market performance variables and that marketing competence and competitive intensity moderate the strategic flexibility - performance relationship of the SMEs. The empirical evidence of this paper affects major aspects of SMEs' management and relevant recommendations are made. Copyright © 2011 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Competitive intensity; Enterprise development; Market performance; Marketing competence; Nigeria; Small-and medium-scale enterprises; SMEs; Strategic flexibility	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84866026785	Modelling relationship marketing and performance of Nigerian banks	Asikhia O.	2012	International Journal of Business Innovation and Research	6	5	10.1504/IJBIR.2012.048784	Department of Business Studies, College of Business and Social Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Canaan Land, Km. 10, Idiroko, P.M.B. 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	Asikhia, O., Department of Business Studies, College of Business and Social Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Canaan Land, Km. 10, Idiroko, P.M.B. 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	This study determines the effect of relationship marketing on performance of Nigerian banks. This paper presents primary data collected by self-administered questionnaires involving a sample of 472 respondents; 363 bank customers and 109 bank management staffs from the two major cities that house the banks headquarters in Nigeria, i.e. Abuja and Lagos. The data were subjected to correlation, regression and structural equation modelling. This study reveals that relationship marketing has a positive and statistically significant relationship with performance and relationship marketing contributed differently to the variations in the various performance variables. The empirical evidence of this paper affects major aspects of bank management and relevant recommendations are made. Copyright © 2012 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Business innovation; Customer loyalty; Customer satisfaction; Customer service; Growth; Nigeria; Performance; Relationship marketing; Sustainable competitive advantage	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874950999	Electrode potential evaluation of effect of inhibitors on the electrochemical corrosion behaviour of mild steel reinforcement in concrete in H2SO4	Loto C.A.	2012	Journal of Materials and Environmental Science	3	1	None	Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Covenant University, Canaan Land, Nigeria	Loto, C.A., Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, South Africa, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Covenant University, Canaan Land, Nigeria	The electrochemical corrosion behaviour of mild steel embedded in concrete, and partially immersed in 0.2M H2SO4, was studied in this investigation at ambient temperature by potential monitoring technique. The experimental work was performed with a digital multimeter and a Cu/CuSO4 electrode (CSE) as the reference electrode. Extracts of carica papaya leaves and sodium nitrite (NaNO2) in different concentrations were separately and in combination, used as inhibitors. This paper reports the observed electrochemical response from the electrode potential monitoring of the embedded steel rebar during the experiments. The results obtained, showed a reduction in the active corrosion reactions behaviour of the embedded mild steel in concrete with added different concentrations of sodium nitrite and the pawpaw leaves extracts in the acidic test environment. This reduced active corrosion reaction was an indication of corrosion inhibition / protection characteristic. The observed inhibition was associated with the protective film provided on the embedded steel's surface in the concrete by the complex chemical compounds of the plant leaves' extracts and of the sodium nitrite with the alkaline composition/environment of the concrete constituents. The protective film prevented and/or reduced the chloride ions penetration to the steel surface. The combination of c. papaya extracts and the NaNO2 solution also provided effective corrosion inhibition of the embedded steel by synergism. The 100% concentration of each of the inhibitors and when in combinations, exhibited the most effective corrosion inhibition performance in the sulphuric acid test environment.	Carica papaya; Concrete; Corrosion; Inhibitors; Mild steel; Sodium nitrite; Sulphuric acid	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80051647231	Performance evaluation of zinc deposited mild steel in chloride medium	Popoola A.P.I., Fayomi O.S	2011	International Journal of Electrochemical Science	6	8	None	Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, P.M.B X680, Pretoria, South Africa	Popoola, A.P.I., Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, P.M.B X680, Pretoria, South Africa; Fayomi, O.S, Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, P.M.B X680, Pretoria, South Africa	The effect of deposited mild steel under plating variable influence was investigated in a chloride medium. The results showed homogeneous layer with improved surface adhesion after deposition. The distance between the anode and the cathode on voltage, plating time and coating thickness were observed. The mild steel was deposited into solution of zinc bath for varying voltage between 0.6 v and 1.0v. It was discovered that the sample plated at 1.0v for 15 minutes gives the best plating surface finish. Analytical study using potentiastat/galvanostat, focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM), XRD and AFM were used to determine the surface characterization, topography and corrosion evaluation of the substrate. © 2011 by ESG.	Deposition; Parameter; Performance evaluation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77954596259	Performance evaluation of AOP/biological hybrid system for treatment of recalcitrant organic compounds	Nkhalambayausi-Chirwa E.M., Makgato S.S.	2010	International Journal of Chemical Engineering	None	None	10.1155/2010/590169	Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Water Utilization Division, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	Nkhalambayausi-Chirwa, E.M., Water Utilization Division, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Makgato, S.S., Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa	Process water from nuclear fuel recovery unit operations contains a variety of toxic organic compounds. The use of decontamination reagents such as CCl4 together with phenolic tar results in wastewater with a high content of chlorophenols. In this study, the extent of dehalogenation of toxic aromatic compounds was evaluated using a photolytic advanced oxidation process (AOP) followed by biodegradation in the second stage. A hard-to-degrade toxic pollutant, 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), was used to represent a variety of recalcitrant aromatic pollutants in effluent from the nuclear industry. A UV-assisted AOP/bioreactor system demonstrated a great potential in treatment of nuclear process wastewater and this was indicated by high removal efficiency (&gt;98) under various 4-CP concentrations. Adding hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) as a liquid catalyst further improved biodegradation rate but the effect was limited by the scavenging of OH radicals under high concentrations of H 2O2. Copyright © 2010 S. S. Makgato and E. M. Nkhalambayausi-Chirwa.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880110740	Pitting corrosion evaluation of austenitic stainless steel type 304 in acid chloride media	Lot R.T.	2013	Journal of Materials and Environmental Science	4	4	None	Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa	Lot, R.T., Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa	The resistance of austenitic stainless steel type 304 to pitting corrosion was studied in solutions of sulphuric acid (2M and 5 M) with and without sodium chloride addition by linear polarization technique. The pitting and passivation potentials, corrosion rate and current density were analyzed with respect to the chloride ion concentration. Under anodic polarization the stainless steels in sulphuric acid solution acquired a passive state, with breakdown at the transpassive region (pitting potential), however this was greatly reduced with the addition of sodium chloride which led to a sharp increase in current at potentials significantly lower than the value that necessitates pitting in the acid media due to rapid breakdown of the passive film and development of local pits. Results obtained establish the dynamic relationship and interaction between the sulphate/chloride ion concentration and electrochemical potentials in the corrosion behavior of the ferrous alloy at ambient temperature.	Corrosion; Pitting; Sodium Chloride; Stainless steel; Sulphuric acid	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874961089	Electrochemical potential monitoring of corrosion and inhibitors protection of mild steel embedded in concrete in NaCl solution	Loto C.A., Popoola A.P.I.	2012	Journal of Materials and Environmental Science	3	5	None	Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Covenant University, Canaan Land, Ota, Nigeria	Loto, C.A., Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, South Africa, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Covenant University, Canaan Land, Ota, Nigeria; Popoola, A.P.I., Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, South Africa	The corrosion and protection behaviour of mild steel embedded in concrete, and partially immersed in 3.5% sodium chloride solution, was studied in this investigation at ambient temperature by potential monitoring technique. The work was performed with a digital multimeter and a Cu/CuSO4 electrode (CSE) as the reference electrode. Extracts of pawpaw (carica papaya) leaves and sodium nitrite in different concentrations were separately and in combination, used as inhibitors. This paper reports the observed electrochemical response from the electrode potential monitoring of the embedded mild steel during the experiments. The results obtained, showed a reduction in the active corrosion reactions behaviour of the embedded mild steel in concrete admixed with different concentrations of sodium nitrite and the pawpaw leaves extracts thus indicating corrosion inhibition characteristic. The observed inhibition was attributed to the protective film provided on the steel's surface in the concrete by the complex chemical compounds of the plant leaves' extracts and the reaction of sodium nitrite with the alkaline environment of the concrete and its constituents. The combination of pawpaw extracts and the NaNO2 solution provided effective corrosion inhibition of the embedded steel by synergism. The 100% concentration of each of the inhibitors and when in combinations, exhibited the most effective corrosion inhibition performance.	Concrete; Corrosion; Inhibitors; Pawpaw; Sodium chloride; Sodium nitrite; Steel	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893231756	Drop weight impact studies of woven fibers reinforced modified polyester composites	Isa M.T., Ahmed A.S., Aderemi B.O., Taib R.M., Akil H.M., Mohammed-Dabo I.A.	2014	Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies	13	24	None	Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810261, Nigeria; School of Materials and Mineral Resources, University of Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal Penang, Malaysia	Isa, M.T., Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810261, Nigeria; Ahmed, A.S., Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810261, Nigeria; Aderemi, B.O., Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810261, Nigeria; Taib, R.M., School of Materials and Mineral Resources, University of Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal Penang, Malaysia; Akil, H.M., School of Materials and Mineral Resources, University of Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal Penang, Malaysia; Mohammed-Dabo, I.A., Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810261, Nigeria	Low velocity impact tests were conducted on modified unsaturated polyester reinforced with four different woven fabrics using hand-layup method to investigate the effect of fiber type and fiber combinations. The time-load curves were analysed and scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the surface of the impacted composite laminates. The results indicated that all the composites had ductility index (DI) of above two for the test conducted at impact energy of 27J with the monolithic composite of Kevlar having the highest DI. The damage modes observed were mainly matrix cracks and fiber breakages. Hybridization of the fibers in the matrix was observed to minimize these damages.	Ductility index; Fibers; Hybrid; Impact; Lay-up; Microstructures	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79954624538	Influence of asphaltene content on demulsifiers performance in crude oil emulsions	Ekott E.J., Akpabio E.J.	2011	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	6	3	10.3923/jeasci.2011.200.204	Department of Chemical Engineering, Anambra State University, Uli, Nigeria; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria	Ekott, E.J., Department of Chemical Engineering, Anambra State University, Uli, Nigeria; Akpabio, E.J., Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria	Chemical demulsification process is the most widely applied method of treating water-m-crude oil emulsions and involves the use of chemical additives to accelerate the emulsion breaking process. Crude oil emulsions are stabilized by asphaltenes which are colloidally dispersed in the crude oil. Asphaltenes consist mainly of polar heterocompounds and is known that they decrease the interfacial tension between oil and water and form stable interfacial films. This research investigates the performance of demulsifiers in relation to whole asphaltene contents of crude oil emulsions. The perfonnances often chemical demulsifiers on destabihzanon of five crude oil emulsions of different asphaltene contents from different oil wells were studied. Results showed that the viscosity of the emulsions increases as the water content increased. One of the emulsions, Seplat Oben flow station emulsion, however behaved differently. The difference in behavior was accounted for by phase inversion of the emulsion from water-in-oil emulsion to oil-in-water emulsion due to its high water content. There was no significant influence of whole asphaltene content on demulsifier performance for the studied emulsions. It is therefore, recommended that the resin content of the crude and the solvency of the asphaltene in each emulsion be studied and correlated with emulsion stability so as to shed more understanding on the influence of asphaltene on demulsifiers perfonnances and stability of crude oil emulsions. The findings suggest that demulsifier screening be performed on each well and the best performing demulsifier adopted for that well. © Medwell Journals, 2011.	Asphaltene; Chemical demulsification; Crude oil; Demulsifier; Emulsion; Solvency	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84859021621	Examinations of the performance of a gas lift for oil well production	Abdulkadir M., Yahaya S.	2011	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	6	8	None	Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria; School of Geography, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom	Abdulkadir, M., Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria; Yahaya, S., School of Geography, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom	Gas lift is a method of artificial lift that uses an external source of high pressure gas for supplementing formation gas to lift the well fluids. The primary limitations for gas lift operations are the lack of formation gas or of an outside source of gas, wide well spacing and available space for compressors on offshore platforms. Generally, gas lift is not applicable to single-well installations and widely spaced wells that are not suited for a centrally located power system. Gas lift can intensify the problems associated with production of viscous crude, super-saturated brine, or an emulsion. Old casing, sour gas and long, small-internal diameter flow lines can rule out gas lift operations. Wet gas without dehydration will reduce the reliability of gas lift operations. A model relating the factors affecting potential production rate along the tubing of a gas lift oil well was developed to optimize production using analytical approach. Modified Darcy equation was employed alongside some other equation of flow such as Fanning's equation, Reynolds' equation and a host of others which resulted in the developed model equation. Data from four wells were used in applying the model equation and it was found that, for the four wells and the square of the velocity of oil flow is equal to the oil production rate and both vary directly with the difference in pressure between the reservoir and the well bore. This implies, the lower the well bore pressure the higher the oil production rate and oil velocity. © 2006-2011 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN).	Artificial lift; Gas lift; Oil well	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867067954	Evaluation and performance of natural gas storage in depleted gas reservoirs	Okwananke A., Adeboye B.Y., Sulaimon L.A.	2011	Petroleum and Coal	53	4	None	Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria	Okwananke, A., Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria; Adeboye, B.Y., Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria; Sulaimon, L.A., Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria	Natural gas can readily be stored in depleted gas reservoirs, but when under storage in the storage horizon, this gas may experience some anomalies that may affect its inventory and performance. Evaluation and performance of the natural gas stored was determined by inventory analysis and by primary depletion performance. This made use pressure-content plots of P/Z versus inventory to determine gas migration into or away from the storage reservoir and its magnitude. The optimal performance of the stored gas was carried out by comparing the various stored volumes, the amount of non effective gas present and how much of it could be recovered. This was done for the storage reservoir when it was not subject to gas gain or loss, when it was subject to gas loss and when it was subject to gas gain. It was shown that gas storage in depleted gas storage reservoir subjected to gas gain is the best form of underground natural gas storage.	Evaluation; Inventory; Performance; Pressure-content; Underground gas storage	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907218157	Electro-oxidation performance and photo-structural characterization of induced natural additive on chloride electrolyte thin film coated steel	Sunday F.O., Popoola A.P., Tau V.	2014	Journal of the Chemical Society of Pakistan	36	4	None	Department of Chemical Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, P.M.B. X680, Pretoria, South Africa; Technology Innovation Agency, Technology Station in Chemical, Ga-rankuwa, Pretoria, South Africa	Sunday, F.O., Department of Chemical Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, P.M.B. X680, Pretoria, South Africa, Technology Innovation Agency, Technology Station in Chemical, Ga-rankuwa, Pretoria, South Africa; Popoola, A.P., Department of Chemical Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, P.M.B. X680, Pretoria, South Africa; Tau, V., Technology Innovation Agency, Technology Station in Chemical, Ga-rankuwa, Pretoria, South Africa	Improvement of engineering materials to avert corrosion, toxicity and to enhance the appealing value of steel has led to an enlarged interest in electro-deposition industries. The effect of solanum tuberosum (ST) extracted juice and Al dispersed particulate for Zn bath electrodeposition on mild steel from aqueous chloride solutions was investigated. The electrodeposition was carried out by adding Al particles and ST to a zinc-containing bath. Corrosion tests were performed at room temperature in 3.65 mol dm-3NaCl solutions by cyclic potentiodynamic and open circuit polarization. Characterizations of the electrodeposited coatings were carried out using scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM/EDS) and X-ray analysis diffraction (XRD). The experimental results show that significant change in the presence of the additives influences the crystal orientations, resulting into precipitation of ZnAl3.Si and Zn2Al5 phases. The change in structure can also be linked to a robust blocking effect of the cationic surfactant of solanum tuberosum juice and Al dispatched oxide films which might influence nuclei replenishment and impact smaller grain size.	Deposition; Enhancement; Interface; Microstructure; Solanum tuberosum	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-51649098396	Impact of hepatitis C co-infection on CD4 cell count in HIV infected subjects	Emokpae M.A., Nwokedi E.E., Jegede E.E.	2008	Online Journal of Health and Allied Sciences	7	2	None	Department of Chemical Pathology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, P.M.B 3452, Kano, Nigeria; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasilogy, Faculty of Medicine, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria; Department of Haematology, Blood Group Serology Aminu Kano	Emokpae, M.A., Department of Chemical Pathology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, P.M.B 3452, Kano, Nigeria; Nwokedi, E.E., Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasilogy, Faculty of Medicine, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria; Jegede, E.E., Department of Haematology, Blood Group Serology Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria	Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection is reported to be common among HIV infected subjects due to share routes of transmission. The fact that HCV infection may act as cofactor for HIV disease progression has been suggested. Objective: To determine if HCV and HIV co-infection affect the immunocompetence (CD4) of the infected subjects and response to Highly Active Anti Retroviral therapy. Subjects and methods: Fifty HIV/HCV co-infected and fifty HIV monoinfected adults were retrospectively studied. Their baseline CD4 cell counts were done using Dynal beads technique before commencement of HAART and repeated after six months. Results: The CD4 cell counts of co-infected subjects were lower than the mono-infected subjects. Sixty eight percent of the co-infected subjects had CD4 cell count less than 200cells/uL, and they responded poorly to HAART therapy than the mono-infected subjects (P<0.05). Those with CD4 cell count greater than 200cells/uL responded better to treatment than those with CD4 cell count less than 200cells/uL (P<0.001) Conclusion: HCV/HIV co-infection affects the immunocompetence of the patients and HCV may acts as cofactor for HIV disease progression. It is needful to screen all HIV positive subjects for HCV antibody as this will improve their clinical management and outcome.	CD4 cell count; Co-infection; Hepatitis C; Human immunodeficiency virus	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953576202	Impact of maternal Helicobacter pylori infection on trace elements (Copper, Iron and Zinc) and pregnancy outcomes	Ugwuja E.I., Akubugwo E.I.	2009	Online Journal of Health and Allied Sciences	8	4	None	Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Ebonyi State University, P.M.B. 053 Abakaliki, Nigeria; Department of Biochemistry, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria	Ugwuja, E.I., Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Ebonyi State University, P.M.B. 053 Abakaliki, Nigeria; Akubugwo, E.I., Department of Biochemistry, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria	Background: H. pylori infection has been suggested to interfere with micronutrient metabolism and influence pregnancy outcomes. Objectives: This study therefore seeks to document the prevalence of H. pylori seroposivity among pregnant women and to determine its impact on some trace element status and pregnancy outcomes. Materials and methods: Three hundred and forty nine consenting pregnant women aged 15-40 years (mean; 27. 04 ± 4. 75 years) and gestational age ≤ 25 weeks (mean 21.77 ± 3.14 wks) attending antenatal clinic at Federal Medical Centre, Abakaliki, between July 2007 and September 2008 participated in the study. H. Pylori antibody (IgG) was determined by a new generation ELISA method. Plasma copper, iron and zinc were analysed using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Bulk Scientific AVG 210 Model) while haemoglobin and albumin were analysed using standard haematological and biochemical techniques. Both maternal sociodemographic and anthropometric parameters were recorded at recruitment. The women were followed-up till delivery after which neonatal anthropometrics and other birth outcomes were recorded. Results: H. pylori seroprevalence of 24.1% (84/349) was recorded with higher prevalence in multiparous and older women. H. pylori infected women had significantly higher BMI (29.00 ± 3.89 vs. 26.86 ± 4.10, p = 0.020) and lower (p > 0.05) plasma levels of Cu, Fe, Zn, albumin, and haemoglobin when compared to non-infected women. Also H. pylori infected women had significantly (p < 0.05) higher rates of convulsion and concomitant illnesses than their non-infected counterparts, although there was no difference in the two groups for other pregnancy outcomes. Conclusion: H. pylori infection during pregnancy seems to interfere with trace element metabolism and contribute significantly to increased maternal morbidity. Prior to confirmation of these findings in a well controlled randomised trial, it is suggested that pregnant women be screened for H. pylori infection to reduce H. pylori associated morbidities during pregnancy.	Copper; H. pylori; Iron; Nigeria; Pregnancy; Trace elements; Zinc	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79958285536	Maternal sociodemographic parameters: Impact on trace element status and pregnancy outcomes in Nigerian women	Ugwuja E.I., Akubugwo E.I., Ibiam U.A., Obidoa O.	2011	Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition	29	2	None	Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Ebonyi State University, PMB 053 Abakaliki, Nigeria; Department of Biochemistry, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Ebonyi Stat	Ugwuja, E.I., Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Ebonyi State University, PMB 053 Abakaliki, Nigeria; Akubugwo, E.I., Department of Biochemistry, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria; Ibiam, U.A., Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Ebonyi State University, PMB 053 Abakaliki, Nigeria; Obidoa, O., Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	To determine the impact of socioeconomic status on plasma trace element status and pregnancy outcomes, 349 pregnant women, aged 15-40 years (mean 27.04 ±2.75 years), recruited at ≤25 weeks (mean 21.76±3.12 weeks) gestational age, were followed up till delivery during which maternal and foetal outcomes were recorded. Plasma copper, iron, and zinc were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer while maternal sociodemographic data were obtained using a questionnaire. Except for copper, lower plasma iron and zinc were significantly (p<0.05) higher in women from socioeconomically-disadvantaged groups. Both adverse maternal health and foetal outcomes also seemed to be more prevalent in socioeconomically-disadvantaged women, although without a definite trend. This study has shown that, in economically-disadvantaged setting of developing countries, maternal socioeconomic status impacts on maternal trace element (copper, iron, and zinc) status and health and foetal outcomes. © International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh.	Maternal nutrition; Morbidity; Nigeria; Pregnancy outcomes; Socioeconomic status; Trace elements	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84883805434	Properties evaluation of ternary surfactant-induced Zn-Ni-Al2O3 films on mild steel by electrolytic chemical deposition	Fayomi O.S.I., Abdulwahab M., Popoola A.P.I.	2013	Journal of Ovonic Research	9	5	None	Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Material Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, P.M.B. X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	Fayomi, O.S.I., Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Material Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, P.M.B. X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; Abdulwahab, M., Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Material Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, P.M.B. X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Popoola, A.P.I., Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Material Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, P.M.B. X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa	The present study was aimed to develop a multilayer-modified coating that will enhance the surface characteristics of mild steel against chemical and mechanical deterioration with a ternary Zn-Ni-Al2O3 composition induced with monoethylanine (MEA) and triethylanine (TEA) as surfactant using electrolytic chemical deposition. The microstructures of the coated-body was characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscope equipped with electron dispersive spectroscope (SEM-EDS). Equally, the adhesion and topography of the coating was examined with atomic force microscopy (AFM). The assessment of the micro-hardness and corrosion properties of the developed composites were used as a criteria. From the results, the deposition of admixed Zn-Ni-Al2O3 ternary composite particles in the presence of bath-additive surfactant on to the substrate was significantly enhanced. The corrosion resistance of the coated surface was also improved. There exist an improvement in the structural modification and better interfacial adhesion of coatings on the substrate upon addition of TEA and MEA as surfactants during the deposition process along with the electro-deposition variables considered.	Interfacial adhesion; Surface enhancer; Ternary composition; Thin film	None	National Research Foundation
Scopus	2-s2.0-84871519552	The impact of dwindling opportunities for mine migration on rural household income in lesotho	Mensah S.N.A.	2012	Journal for Studies in Economics and Econometrics	36	3	None	Department of Economics, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Phuthaditjhaba, South Africa	Mensah, S.N.A., Department of Economics, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Phuthaditjhaba, South Africa	The numbers of Basotho men in the South African mines dropped from almost 126,000 in 1990 to just over 41,000 in 2010. Using primary data, this paper analyses the sources and levels of income in former migrant, current migrant and non-migrant households in rural Lesotho, and then identifies the variables that significantly correlate with both household income and household per capita income. In the absence of panel data, the paper uses the differences in mean incomes between current and former migrant households to highlight the impact of dwindling opportunities for mine migration on household income. The paper finds that with the loss of migration status, monthly household income dropped by M2040 in 2006/2007 when per capita income for the country was M5624. The paper recommends investment in the country's comparative advantage areas and skills development for productive engagement in the domestic economy of rural men who by tradition look for work in the South African mines.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884536448	Comparative evaluation of chemical deposition parameters of an induced zn/al-zn and their interfacial characteristic trend on mild steel	Fayomi O.S.I., Popoola A.P.I.	2013	International Journal of Electrochemical Science	8	9	None	Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, X680, Pretoria, South Africa	Fayomi, O.S.I., Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, X680, Pretoria, South Africa; Popoola, A.P.I., Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, X680, Pretoria, South Africa	A statistical study and matlab evaluation has been made on the deposited Zn/Zn-Al alloy on mild steel. The deposition was performed to obtain a better surface adherent coverage using electroplating technique with developed zinc and aluminum powder particle. SEM/EDX was used to examine the morphological adhension phenomena. The methodology values obtained were processed using statistical package for social scientists (SPSS) software to compare all electrodeposition variables of the plating treatment values by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson Correlation Index with matlab tool. The results obtained from these statistical evaluations indicate positive improved correlations between all the groups of deposition considered in this work. The alloy deposition proved better than the single phase deposition of zinc coating. © 2013 by ESG.	Electorcodeposition; Morphology; Statistical evaluations and mat-lab tool	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84899519898	Performance evaluation of refrigeration units in natural gas liquid extraction plant	Ujile A.A., Amesi D.	2014	Journal of Thermodynamics	1	1	10.1155/2014/863408	Department of Chemical/Petrochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, PMB 5080, Port Harcourt 50000, Nigeria	Ujile, A.A., Department of Chemical/Petrochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, PMB 5080, Port Harcourt 50000, Nigeria; Amesi, D., Department of Chemical/Petrochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, PMB 5080, Port Harcourt 50000, Nigeria	This paper has applied thermodynamics principles to evaluate the reliability of 390 m3/hr natural gas processing plant. The thermodynamics equations were utilized in the evaluation, characterization, and numerical simulation of key process parameters in natural gas liquid extraction plant. The results obtained show the comparison of the coefficient of performance, compression ratio, isentropic work, actual work, electrical power requirements, cooling water consumption in intercoolers, compressor power output, compressor capacity, and isentropic, volumetric, and mechanical efficiency of the two-stage refrigeration unit with a flash gas economizer and these were compared with the designed specifications. The second law of thermodynamics was applied in analyzing the refrigeration unit and the result shows that exergetic losses or lost work due to irreversibility falls within operating limit that is less than 1.0%. Similarly, the performance of expansion turbine (expander) parameters was monitored and the results indicate a considerable decrease in turbine efficiencies as the inlet gas pressure increases resulting in an increased power output of the turbine leading to a higher liquefaction rate. © 2014 Awajiogak Anthony Ujile and Dirina Amesi.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84926147254	Evaluation of major causes of road accidents along north–east highway, nigeria	Yero A.S., Ahmed T.Y., Hainin M.R.	2015	Jurnal Teknologi	73	4	None	Department of Civil Engineering, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, P.M.B 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria; Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia	Yero, A.S., Department of Civil Engineering, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, P.M.B 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria; Ahmed, T.Y., Department of Civil Engineering, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, P.M.B 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria; Hainin, M.R., Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia	A major road link in the North-Eastern region of Nigeria is the Bauchi – Maiduguri highway that is a 425 km road that links a section of the north east region to other regions of Nigeria. The goods and services to the region are basically transported by road. This has increased vehicular traffic that resulted in increased road accident rates over the years. It is paramount to investigate the major causes of vehicle accidents on this highway as much has not been done to investigate accident cases on the route. The five year accident record on that route was obtained from the Federal Road Safety Corp of Nigeria, the Nigeria Police traffic unit, and the Nigeria union of road traffic workers. The study indicated that speed violation by drivers and bad road conditions contributes greatly in the rate of accidents along the route. Hence the study recommends better road maintenance culture and more sensitization of the road users and enforcement of speed limits. © 2015 Penerbit UTM Press. All rights reserved.	Accident; Highway; Traffic; Vehicles and road safety	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-63849169067	The power of double vision: Tradition and social intervention in African puppet performance	Kruger M.	2006	New Theatre Quarterly	22	4	10.1017/S0266464X06000510	Department of Drama, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	Kruger, M., Department of Drama, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884409131	Vertical electrical sounding investigation for delineation of geoelectric layers and evaluation of groundwater potential in Ajagba, Asa and Ikonifin localities of Ola Oluwa local government area of Osun state, south western Nigeria	Onimisi M., Daniel A., Kolawole M.S.	2013	Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology	6	18	None	Department of Earth Sciences, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria; Formerly Hydromarine Engineering Nigeria Ltd., Lagos, Nigeria	Onimisi, M., Department of Earth Sciences, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria, Formerly Hydromarine Engineering Nigeria Ltd., Lagos, Nigeria; Daniel, A., Department of Earth Sciences, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria; Kolawole, M.S., Department of Earth Sciences, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria	Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) surveys were carried out at Ajagba, Asa and Ikonifin communities in the north of Ola Oluwa local government area of Osun state, Nigeria in order to delineate the geoelectric layers in the area as well as evaluate the groundwater potential. The area is in the basement complex terrain of Nigeria where the occurrence of groundwater is highly unpredictable and hence requires the use of hydrologic, geophysical and geologic surveys to achieve success in groundwater development programs. The survey delineated a maximum of four geoelectric layers which may be interpreted to correspond to four geologic layers viz the topsoil, weathered basement, partly weathered/fractured basement and the fresh basement. The weathered basement and the partly weathered/fractured basement layers constitute the aquifer units. The partly weathered/fractured layer is significant in enhancing the ground water potential in this area because of its relatively low resistivity resulting from its high fracture frequency. The ground water potential in the area varies from medium to high. Groundwater development is therefore feasible in these communities. © Maxwell Scientific Organization, 2013.	Basement; Geoelectric layers; Groundwater; Layer thickness; Resistivity; Survey	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893637327	Privatization and firm performance: An empirical study of selected privatized firms in Nigeria	Abdullahi Y.Z., Abdullahi H., Mohammed Y.	2012	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	3	11	10.5901/mjss.2012.v3n11p207	Department of Economics, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Department of Economics, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Department of Economics, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria	Abdullahi, Y.Z., Department of Economics, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Abdullahi, H., Department of Economics, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Mohammed, Y., Department of Economics, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria	The aim of this study is to investigate the financial and operational efficiency of the privatized firms in Nigeria. Data for this study comes from secondary sources; specifically, Fact Book from the Nigerian Stock Exchange, Offer Prospectuses, as well as published annual reports and financial statements of the privatized firms. Our sampled firms are drawn from manufacturing, oil marketing, banking and insurance sub-sectors of the Nigerian economy. The period of analysis covers 5 years before, and 5 years after privatization. To test our predictions, we follow the techniques of Megginson et al. (1994) in order to determine post privatization performance changes. We calculate the mean value of each variable for each firm over the pre and post privatization periods, we then use the T- test and the Wilcoxon sign rank test as principal methods of testing for significant changes in the variables. Results obtained from this study are mixed. Whereas some companies in our sample show improvements in some indicators, other companies have shown decline in some indicators after privatization. However, in spite the mixed results, the overall picture shows improvement in profitability for at least half of the firms in our sample. Overall, we may conclude that our results provide little evidence that privatization has caused significant improvement by all indicators.	Firm performance; Nigeria; Privatization	None	None
None	None	Impact of foreign direct investment & domestic investment on economic growth of Malaysia	Mohamed M.R., Singh K.S.J., Liew C.-Y.	2013	Malaysian Journal of Economic Studies	50	1	None	Department of Economics, Zanzibar University, P.O. Box 2440, Zanzibar, Tanzania; Faculty of Business Management, Universiti Teknologi, MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Economics and Management, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia	Mohamed, M.R., Department of Economics, Zanzibar University, P.O. Box 2440, Zanzibar, Tanzania; Singh, K.S.J., Faculty of Business Management, Universiti Teknologi, MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Liew, C.-Y., Faculty of Economics and Management, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia	In this paper, we apply vector error correction modeling (VECM) to 1970-2008 data. The objective is to analyse the long-run causal relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI), domestic investment (DI) and economic growth in Malaysia. The presence of complementary/substitution effect between FDI and DI is also investigated using impulse response function and variance decomposition analysis. The results suggest a long-run bilateral causality between economic growth and DI. There is no evidence of causality between FDI and economic growth. On the other hand, the results suggest a short-run crowding-in effect between FDI and DI.	Causality; Domestic investment; Economic growth; Foreign direct investment	None	None
None	None	Signs of language shift in Chindali and the impact of Swahili	Swilla I.	2008	Language Matters	39	2	10.1080/10228190802579635	Department of Foreign Languages and Linguistics, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Swilla, I., Department of Foreign Languages and Linguistics, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Research was conducted in 2002 to investigate the vitality of Chindali, a Bantu language, among speakers who migrate from lleje District to Mbozi District in southwestern Tanzania. Data were collected using a questionnaire, interviews and observation. The study revealed the presence of early signs of language shift from Chindali towards Swahili. Monolingualism was rare, while bilingualism in Chindali and Swahili was widespread; borrowing of Swahili terms and code-switching were common and Swahili was increasingly used for communication within the family and community. Swahili's impact on Chindali can be attributed to its prestige as the national and official language. It is the medium of instruction in primary education, the language of the media and official events. Recommendations to ensure the survival of Chindali include conducting research on and documenting the language, collecting and publishing Chindali oral traditions with translations in Swahili and English, organising cultural events using the language, and conducting sensitisation campaigns to promote it. © University of South Africa Press.	Chindali; Language shift; Language swift code-switching; Swahili influence; Tanzania	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955005076	Hydrochemical analysis and evaluation of water quality in Angwan Jeba and its environs, Nasarawa State, northcentral Nigeria	Anudu G.K., Obrike S.E., Onuba L.N., Ikpokonte A.E.	2011	Research Journal of Applied Sciences	6	2	10.3923/rjasci.2011.128.135	Department of Geology and Mining, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria; Department of Geology, Anambra State University, Uli, Nigeria; Department of Geology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	Anudu, G.K., Department of Geology and Mining, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria; Obrike, S.E., Department of Geology and Mining, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria; Onuba, L.N., Department of Geology, Anambra State University, Uli, Nigeria; Ikpokonte, A.E., Department of Geology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	Angwan Jeba and its environs lies within the Basement Complex of northcentral Nigeria and is underlain by migmatitic gneiss, biotite gneiss, biotite schist, muscovite schist and older granites with minor intrusions of pegmatite and quartz veins. The study involved the hydrochemical characterisation of waters of the area to ascertain their chemistry, quality and suitability for domestic, livestock and irrigation purposes. A total of eight hand-dug wells, four hand-pump boreholes, one stream and two rivers water samples were analysed for their cations and anions. Physical parameters such as temperature, pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC) and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) were measured in the field. Results of the analysed chemical (cations and anions) parameters ranged as follows: Ca 2+ (9.4-36.1 mg L -1), Mg 2+ (3.8-11.7 mg L -1), Na + (17.64-41.5 mg L -1), K + (4.36-18.14mg L -1), Fe (0.08-3.0 mg L -1), Cu (&lt;0.01 -0.99 mg L -1), HCO 3 - (84.08-134 mg L -1), Cl (37.3-49.79 mg L -1), SO 4 2- (13.2-23.4 mg L -1) and NO 3 - (ND-0.96 mg L -1). The Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Electrical Conductivity (EC) and Exchangeable Sodium Ratio (ESR) values varied between 0.73-l.59, -1.015-0.633 meq L -1, 159-450 μS cm -1 and O.333-1.187, respectively. Evaluation of the results revealed that the waters are fresh (130 &lt;TDS&lt;304mg L -1), soft to moderately hard (39.12&lt; TH&lt;128.85 mg L -1), slightly acidic to slightly alkaline (6.85&lt;pH&lt;7.20) have low to medium Salinity Hazard (SH) and belong to four water facies types namely: Na-HCO 3-Cl, Na-Ca-HCO 3-Cl, Ca-Na-HCO 3-Cl and Ca-Mg-HCO 3-Cl. These waters have acquired their chemistry from the basement rocks, dissolution of silicate minerals and cation exchange reactions. All the analysed parameters were within the WHO Guidelines for drinking water and therefore are considered to be suitable for domestic, livestock and irrigation purposes. © Medwell Journals, 2011.	Angwan jeba; Chemistry; Hydrochemical; Nigeria; Purposes; Quality	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-20344395331	The impact of acid rain deposition resulting from natural gas flaring on the socio-economic life of the people of Afiesere community, in Nigeria's Niger delta	Oghenejoboh K.M.	2005	Journal of Industrial Pollution Control	21	1	None	Department of Chemical/Petroleum Engineering, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria	Oghenejoboh, K.M., Department of Chemical/Petroleum Engineering, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria	Air and rainwater analyses were carried out within Afiesere, an oil producing community in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria to acertain the deposition of acid rain resulting from gas flaring in the area. The analysis showed that the pH of rainwater some distance away from the flare was 6.13, which is less than the pH of normal rainwater, while that within the oil facilities was 6.58. The concentration of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr etc) and anions (SOx, NOx, Co etc) in the air were considerably low. However, the presence of extra H+ in the rainwater through diffusional effect of trans-atmospheric aerosol and other gaseous pollutants from the gas flare results in acid rain. The physical effects of acid rain are evident in the deteriorating health conditions and general economic life of the inhabitants of the community. © Enviromedia Printed in India. All rights reserved.	Acid rain; Anions; Atmosphere; Cations; Emission; Gas flaring	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84872125731	Impact of nitrogen fertilizer applications on surface water nitrate levels within a Kenyan tea plantation	Maghanga J.K., Kituyi J.L., Kisinyo P.O., Ng'Etich W.K.	2013	Journal of Chemistry	None	None	10.1155/2013/196516	Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Pwani University College, P.O. Box 195, Kilifi 80108, Kenya; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chepkoilel University College, P.O. Box 1125, Eldoret 30100, Kenya; Department of Soil Science, Chepkoilel University College, P.O. Box 1125, Eldoret 30100, Kenya	Maghanga, J.K., Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Pwani University College, P.O. Box 195, Kilifi 80108, Kenya; Kituyi, J.L., Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chepkoilel University College, P.O. Box 1125, Eldoret 30100, Kenya; Kisinyo, P.O., Department of Soil Science, Chepkoilel University College, P.O. Box 1125, Eldoret 30100, Kenya; Ng'Etich, W.K., Department of Soil Science, Chepkoilel University College, P.O. Box 1125, Eldoret 30100, Kenya	Tea production in the Kenyan Rift Valley uses high rates of nitrogenous fertilizer. Nitrates can be discharged to water bodies through leaching and surface run-off. Nitrate levels above 10 mg/L NO3 - N cause methemoglobinemia which is fatal. A study to monitor changes in surface water nitrate levels was carried out in ten rivers within a Kenyan tea plantation for three years. Water samples were obtained before and after fertilizer application in 2004, 2005, and 2006. Nitrate-nitrogen (NO3 - N) was determined colorimetrically by the cadmium reduction method using HACH-DR 2400 dataloging spectrophotometer. For the three years, the highest nitrate-nitrogen levels were in river Temochewa in 2005 during the first fertilizer applications (4.9 mg/L to 8.2 mg/L). There was no established trend between surface water nitrate levels and the time of fertilizer applications; however, fertilizer application contributed to an increase in nitrate levels. The initial nitrate-nitrogen levels in most of the rivers were high, indicating that contamination could have been upstream; hence, further research is required to establish this. Nitrogen-nitrogen levels in the three years were below the maximum contaminant level of 10 mg/L NO3 - N; however, the rivers should be monitored frequently. © 2013 J. K. Maghanga et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893601456	Speciation of [PtIVCl6nBrn]2- (n = 0-6) and some of their mono-aquated [PtIVCl5-nBr n(H2O)]- (n = 0-5) anions in solution at low concentrations by means of ion-pairing reversed-phase ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ion	Van Wyk P.-H., Van Dyk J.B., Gerber W.J., Stander M., De Villiers A., Koch K.R.	2014	Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry	28	5	10.1002/rcm.6798	Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Central Analytical Facility, Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Van Wyk, P.-H., Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Van Dyk, J.B., Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Gerber, W.J., Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Stander, M., Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa, Central Analytical Facility, Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; De Villiers, A., Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Koch, K.R., Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa	RATIONALE The speciation of the purely inorganic [PtCl6-nBr n]2- (n = 0-6) anions and their corresponding mono-aquated [PtCl5-nBrn(H2O)]- (n = 0-5) anions is of considerable importance to the precious metal refining and recycling industry, to ensure optimum recovery and separation efficiencies. Speciation of platinum complexes present in precursor solutions used for the preparation of precious metal nano-crystals of defined size and morphology appears also to be important. The various possible PtIV complex anions in dilute aqueous can be characterized using ion-pairing reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-Q-TOFMS). METHODS Ion-pairing reversed-phase ultra-high-performance LC separation of the PtIV complex anions present in aqueous solutions prior to detection by means of high-resolution ESI-Q-TOFMS using a low ESI source cone voltage (5 V) allows for the clear identification of all the platinum complexes from the characteristic pattern of fragment ions (m/z), presumably generated by 'reductive conversion' in the ESI source of the mass spectrometer. Sufficient chromatographic resolution for the series of PtIV complexes is achieved using the (n-butyl) 3NH+ ion generated in a formic acid/water/methanol (pH ~3.5) mobile phase. This mobile phase composition facilitates a low-background for optimal ESI-Q-TOFMS detection with enhanced sensitivity. RESULTS Direct-infusion mass spectrometry of the inorganic platinum complexes in aqueous solution is impractical due to their low volatility, but more importantly as a result of the very extensive series of fragment ions generated in the ESI source, which leads to virtually uninterpretable mass spectra. However, with prior separation, and by using low ESI cone voltages (5 V), the mass spectra of the separated analyte ions show simpler and systematic fragmentation patterns [PtIVX5]- → [PtIIIX 4]- → [PtIIX3]- → [PtIX2]- (X = Cl- and Br -), resulting in clear assignments. This methodology facilitates the characterization of the partially aquated [PtCl5-nBr n(H2O)]- (n = 0-5) anions derived from the homo- and heteroleptic [PtCl6-nBrn]2- (n = 0-6) anions, in equilibrated solutions at low concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Speciation of homo- and heteroleptic [PtCl6-nBrn]2- (n = 0-6) anions, together with some of their partially aquated [PtCl 5-nBrn(H2O)]- (n = 0-5) species in dilute solution, can successfully be carried out by means of prior ion-pairing reversed-phase LC separation coupled to high-resolution ESI-Q-TOFMS at low ESI cone-voltage settings. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80053992537	Normal and abnormal carbene complexes derived from thiazole: Preparation and a preliminary investigation of their relative catalytic performance	Stander-Grobler E., Schuster O., Strasser C.E., Albrecht M., Cronje S., Raubenheimer H.G.	2011	Polyhedron	30	17	10.1016/j.poly.2011.07.028	Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa; Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60348 Frankfurt am Main, Germany	Stander-Grobler, E., Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa; Schuster, O., Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa, Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; Strasser, C.E., Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa; Albrecht, M., Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; Cronje, S., Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60348 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Raubenheimer, H.G., Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa	Readily prepared 2-, 4- and 5-bromo-3-methyl thiazolium triflates react by oxidative substitution with M(PPh3)4 (M = Ni or Pd) to furnish five of the expected normal and abnormal cationic thiazolylidene complexes (1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, and 3b). Carbene complex formation is accompanied by a ca. 40 ppm downfield shift of the α-N carbene carbons in Pd complexes 1 and 2 in their 13C NMR spectra but the chemical shift of C(carbene) in the abnormal 3b (δ 135.7) is particularly low. Crystal and molecular structures of complexes 1a, 2b, and 3b all indicate a square planar arrangement of the ligands around the central metal atoms. The new complexes catalyse Suzuki-Miyaura aryl coupling. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	Azolylidene; Carbene complex; Five-membered heterocycle; Group 10; NHC; Nickel; Palladium; Remote azolylidene	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84929179810	Evaluation of six sample preparation methods for determination of trace metals in lubricating oils using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry	Tekie H.A., McCrindle R.I., Marais P.J.J.G., Ambushe A.A.	2015	South African Journal of Chemistry	68	None	10.17159/0379-4350/2015/v68a12	Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, P.O Box 56208, Arcadia, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Chemistry, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, South Africa	Tekie, H.A., Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, P.O Box 56208, Arcadia, Pretoria, South Africa; McCrindle, R.I., Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, P.O Box 56208, Arcadia, Pretoria, South Africa; Marais, P.J.J.G., Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, P.O Box 56208, Arcadia, Pretoria, South Africa; Ambushe, A.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, South Africa	Quantification of trace elements in used lubricating oil forms a vital part in monitoring engine conditions and impact on the environment. In this study, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was employed for the determination of Ag, Ba, Cu, Mn and Ni in used lubricating oils. Methodology was developed so as to minimize the oil's carbonaceous matter and its effect on viscosity. Accordingly, six oil sample preparation techniques (xylene dilution, detergent emulsion, microwave digestion, dry-ashing, wet-ashing and ultrasonic extraction) were investigated for their efficiency. Optimization of the factors influencing ultrasonic-assisted extraction and ICP-OES operating parameters enabled quantification of the trace metals in oils. Limits of detection (3S<inf>b</inf>/m), in the ng g-1 range, were obtained for each element of interest using each method investigated. The validity of the methodologies studied was confirmed through the analysis of quality control (QC) samples. Analyte recoveries, ranging from 48.3 to 106%, were obtained. Evaluation of the analytical methods studied with regard to accuracy, precision, LOD, linearity, applicability for routine analysis, preparation time and cost was made. Based on these evaluations, ultrasonic extraction has a clear advantage in terms of accuracy, applicability for routine analysis, time and cost of sample preparation. ©2015 South African Chemical Institute.	ICP-OES; Lubricating oil; Optimization	None	NRF, Neurosurgical Research Foundation
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960154650	Fluoride in black and green tea (Camellia sinensis) infusions in Ethiopia: Measurement and safety evaluation	Zerabruk S., Chandravanshi B.S., Zewge F.	2010	Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia	24	3	None	Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Zerabruk, S., Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Chandravanshi, B.S., Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Zewge, F., Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	The fluoride contents in the infusions of 21 commercially available Ethiopian and imported black and green tea brands; in leaf and bag forms was determined by a fluoride ion-selective electrode method. Of the samples analyzed twelve were products from Ethiopia and the remaining nine were imported tea brands. The effect of brewing time on fluoride release from tea was assessed. Results showed that fluoride release increased with increasing brewing time (3, 5 and 10 min). Fluoride level after 5 min brewing for black tea leaves, green tea bags, and black tea bags was in the range of 117-682 mg/kg, 111-190 mg/kg and 141-246 mg/kg, respectively. The WHO guideline for daily fluoride intake is 2 mg for children and 4 mg for adults. Assuming that one consumes 4 cups of tea everyday (400 mL) and each cup uses 2.5 g of tea leaves, the daily fluoride intake from black tea leaves may be in the range between 1.11 and 6.82 mg. For the same condition, if consumption of one green tea bag is considered, the fluoride intake can be in the range between 1.00 and 1.38 mg. Similarly, intake from the black tea bags may range from 0.86 to 1.81 mg. Considering the Ethiopian black tea alone, the daily fluoride intake may range from 2.48 to 6.82 mg. Thus according to the WHO recommendation for daily fluoride intake and ignoring other possible sources; the black and green tea bags and imported black tea leaves are safe for all age groups. None of the 10 Ethiopian black tea leaf brands are safe for children but 30% of the analyzed samples are safe for adults. © 2010 Chemical Society of Ethiopia.	Black tea infusion; Brewing time; Fluoride intake; Green tea infusion; Safety evaluation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940845174	Notes on Russellian cosmogony. II. A procedure for theoretical evaluation of relative atomic mass and internal energy	Obande O.P.	2015	Physics Essays	28	1	10.4006/0836-1398-28.1.78	Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Samaru, Zaria, Nigeria	Obande, O.P., Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Samaru, Zaria, Nigeria	We present results of an investigation of factors that set values of relative atomic mass mr and the atom's internal energy E<inf>int</inf>. The results do suggest the possibility for a consistent formalism for accurate evaluation of m<inf>r.</inf> It is shown that: (i) Avogradro constant (Loschmidt number) can be evaluated from fundamental principles to yield N<inf>A</inf>=6.623×1043 u/mol; (ii) A clear distinction exists between the transverse e-m radiation, c=2.99792458×108 m/s, normally associated with speed of light in "vacuum" and the same radiation of tangible matter described here as "molar" radiation c∗=co=c′=3.715352291×10-14 m/s; for a given v, c determines values of absolute atomic mass, i.e., m=hv/c2 and co sets values of relative atomic mass, e.g., mo<inf>r</inf> = hvo<inf>r</inf>=co2; (iii) co is identifiable with the cosmic microwave background revealing that the latter is actually intrinsic e-m radiation of tangible matter; (iv) complete description of the atom's internal energy requires not one but combinations of the parameters v, m, and c as each relates to the atom's wave or particulate form and its domain; (v) with v<inf>e</inf>=1.0 Hz Planck constant turns out to be a measure of the electron's internal energy and indeed nature's fundamental energy unit; (vi) macrocosmic matter and energy constitute only 0.02% and 0.01% of total cosmic values, respectively, the bulk of 99.98% and 99.99% belongs, respectively, to invisible microcosmic (dark) matter and energy; and (vii) conversion of the particle (mass) to the wave (energy) does not destroy the atom's absolute mass. Copyright © 2015 Physics Essays Publication.	Atomic; Cosmogony; Evaluation; Mass; Relative; Russell	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79953880826	Preliminary evaluation of Moringa Oleifera seed shells as precursor for activated carbon	Lori J.A., Myina O.M., Ekanem E.J., Lawal A.O.	2010	Journal of Applied Sciences Research	6	12	None	Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Department of Applied Science, C.S.T., Kaduna Polytechnic, P.M.B. 2021, Kaduna, Nigeria	Lori, J.A., Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Myina, O.M., Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Ekanem, E.J., Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Lawal, A.O., Department of Applied Science, C.S.T., Kaduna Polytechnic, P.M.B. 2021, Kaduna, Nigeria	The proximate and ultimate characteristics of Moringa Oleifera (MO) seed shells were used to evaluate the suitability of the material as a precursor for activated carbon production. The results showed remarkable influence of particle size on proximate characteristics of the MO seed shell. The variation in weight loss, rates of dehydration and de-volatilization of the material with varying particle size was used to assess the particle size that could be best suited for carbonization. The particle sizes of 400 - 1400 μm have been suggested in this study to be the most suitable for producing good quality activated carbon with good yield; 1400 μm being the recommended optimum particle size of this cellulosic material for carbonization. © 2010, INSInet Publication.	Activated carbon; Moringer; Precursor; Proximate; Seed shells; Ultimate	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904755241	Evaluation of environmental impact and gaseous emissions of biodiesel fuels and blends of selected feed-stocks	Igbum O.G., Eloka-Eboka A.C., Ubwa S.T., Inambao F.L.	2014	International Journal of Global Warming	6	1	10.1504/IJGW.2014.058757	Department of Chemistry, Benue State University, 102119, Makurdi, Nigeria; Discipline of Mechanical Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College, King George V Avenue, Durban, South Africa	Igbum, O.G., Department of Chemistry, Benue State University, 102119, Makurdi, Nigeria; Eloka-Eboka, A.C., Discipline of Mechanical Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College, King George V Avenue, Durban, South Africa; Ubwa, S.T., Department of Chemistry, Benue State University, 102119, Makurdi, Nigeria; Inambao, F.L., Discipline of Mechanical Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College, King George V Avenue, Durban, South Africa	Thermal and gaseous emissions of biodiesel feed-stocks: sandbox tree, fluted pumpkin, black date and wild melon whose potentials as biodiesel fuels have been established in the earlier works of Igbum et al. (2012) were evaluated in order to ascertain and establish their environmental and emission impacts on the local and global environment. Effects of blending ratios on the thermal/gaseous emissions of the biodiesel fuels from the seed oils were also investigated. The study involved the extraction of oils from the seeds using petroleum ether in a soxhlet apparatus, transesterification of the oils with methanol at the ratio of 6:1 and sodium hydroxide as a catalyst, reaction temperatures of 30°C and 55°C and at a reaction time of five minutes. Thereafter, the methyl esters were blended with automotive gas oil (AGO) at different proportions and ratios to produce B5, B10, B15, B20 and B100 of each seed oil and AGO. Blends were subjected to chemo-physical and gaseous emission analysis using different ASTM methods and GC mass spectrophotometer for the trapping and subsequent analysis of the effluents. Results showed that all the blends samples of the biodiesel possess lower gaseous emissions than AGO and are also within the ASTM standards. They are therefore more environmentally friendly than their fossil fuel counterpart. Their impact on the global and immediate environment are however friendly. © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Biodiesel fuels; Black-date; Blends; Environmental impact; Evaluation; Feedstock; Fluted pumpkin; Gaseous emissions; Sandbox tree; Wild melon	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908375856	Evaluation of fuel properties from free fatty acid compositions of methyl esters obtained from four tropical virgin oils	Igbum O.G., Leke L., Okoronkwo M.U., Eboka A., Nwadinigwe C.A.	2013	International Journal of Applied Chemistry	9	1	None	Department of Chemistry, Benue State University, P M B 102119, Makurdi, Nigeria; Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, P M B 2373, Makurdi, Nigeria; Department of Chemistry, Abia State University, Uturu, P.M.B 2000, Uturu, Nigeria; Pure and	Igbum, O.G., Department of Chemistry, Benue State University, P M B 102119, Makurdi, Nigeria; Leke, L., Department of Chemistry, Benue State University, P M B 102119, Makurdi, Nigeria, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom; Okoronkwo, M.U., Department of Chemistry, Abia State University, Uturu, P.M.B 2000, Uturu, Nigeria, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom; Eboka, A., Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, P M B 2373, Makurdi, Nigeria; Nwadinigwe, C.A., Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeri, Nsukka, Nigeria	Four feedstocks comprising two non-edible oils (Telfairia occidentals Hook F, (TVO) and Hura crepitians L (HVO)) and two edible oils (Cucumeropsis manii Naud(CSVO) and Canarium schweinfurthii Engl.(CVO) were studied for production of methyl esters (biodiesel) because they are abundant in large quantities in the locality. Base catalysis was used for the transesterification reaction with methanol at different oil/alcohol molar ratios (4:1, 6:1 and 9:1). Two catalyst types; KOH and NaOH were used. Reaction times of 5 and 30 min; temperatures of 38 and 55°C and a constant catalyst concentration of 1%wt/wt were employed. The free fatty acid composition of these oils and their methyl esters were obtained using a GCMS. The results indicate that these oils/methyl esters contain mostly polyunsaturated free fatty acid. The properties of biodiesel that were determined by the structure of component fatty esters include ignition quality (cetane number CN), heat of combustion (gross calorific value H), oxidation stability, viscosity, cold flow which indicates that these oils can be used for biodiesel production. © Research India Publications.	Biodiesel; Catalyst; Feedstock; Free fatty acid; Seed oil; Transesterification	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84877291742	Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation of some schiff bases and their thiazolidinone products	Gebretekle D., Tadesse A., Upadhyay R.K., Dekebo A.	2012	Oriental Journal of Chemistry	28	4	None	Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Haramaya University, Ethiopia	Gebretekle, D., Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Haramaya University, Ethiopia; Tadesse, A., Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Haramaya University, Ethiopia; Upadhyay, R.K., Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Haramaya University, Ethiopia; Dekebo, A., Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Haramaya University, Ethiopia	Six isomeric nitro- and methoxy anilines were condensed with vanillin to obtain Schiff's bases. A new series of 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy phenyl)-1-thiazolidinone derivatives were synthesized by the cyclocondensation of Schiff's bases with mercapto acetic acid. The chemical structures of synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis, molecular weight determination, IR, 1H &amp; 13C and DEPT-135 NMR spectral measurements. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were studied in vitro against staphylococcus aurous and Escherichia coli bacteria and Aspergillus niger and Rhizoctoia bataticola fungi by using Ampicillin and Bavistin reference drugs respectively.	Amines; Bacteria; Fungi; Schiff's bases; Thiazolidinones	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84887963275	Evaluation of the effect of various drying techniques on the composition of the psychoactive phenylpropylamino alkaloids of khat (catha edulis forsk) chewing leaves	Atlabachew M., Chandravanshi B.S., Redi-Abshiro M., Torto N., Chigome S., Pule B.O.	2013	Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia	27	3	10.4314/bcse.v27i3.3	Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Program of Chemistry, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa	Atlabachew, M., Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Program of Chemistry, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Chandravanshi, B.S., Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Redi-Abshiro, M., Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Torto, N., Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa; Chigome, S., Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa; Pule, B.O., Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa	ABSTRACT. The study demonstrated that by freezing or drying under different conditions, cathinone could be detected in the khat (Catha edulis Forsk) samples that have been harvested for more than four months. Freeze drying or freezing in the refrigerator (-20 °C) yielded more than 73% of cathinone. Air drying, sun drying or oven drying at 60 °C resulted in a cathinone composition of 57%, 42% and 36%, respectively. The study confirmed that, freshly harvested tender leaves of khat contained exclusively of cathinone but upon sun drying, part of it decomposes to cathine and norephedrine leaving cathinone as a major component. Thus it is wrong to assume that sun drying the leaves can result complete conversion of cathinone to cathine and norephedrine. Furthermore, the results of the study confirmed that it was possible to preserve khat samples for longer periods after freeze drying or deep freezing without significant loss of cathinone. © 2013 Chemical Society of Ethiopia.	Alkaloids; Cathine; Cathinone; Khat; Norephedrine; Storage	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33845452200	Compost maturity evaluation and its significance to agriculture	Iwegbue C.M.A., Egun A.C., Emuh F.N., Isirimah N.O.	2006	Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences	9	15	10.3923/pjbs.2006.2933.2944	Department of Chemistry, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria; Agric. Education Unit, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria; Department of Crop/Soil Science, Delta State University, Anwai Asaba, Nigeria; Institute of Pollution Studies, Rivers State U	Iwegbue, C.M.A., Department of Chemistry, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria, Department of Chemistry, Delta State University, P.M.B. 1, Abraka, Nigeria; Egun, A.C., Agric. Education Unit, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria; Emuh, F.N., Department of Crop/Soil Science, Delta State University, Anwai Asaba, Nigeria; Isirimah, N.O., Institute of Pollution Studies, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	One of the main obstacles to the successful utilization of compost in agriculture is the lack of reliable quality criteria and understanding the transformation of organic matter, which take place throughout the whole process. Proper evaluation of composts maturity essential for establishment of such criteria. Because of the diversity of origin of composts. It is impossible to use a single method to evaluate compost maturity. It is best done by a combination of methods. A good index of compost maturity should have an overall trend describable by a monotonic function. Methods for evaluating composts maturity can be categorized into (1) chemical analysis (C/N, CEC and nitrification) (2) physical analysis (odour and temperature) (3) spectroscopic analysis (FTIR and 13C-NMR) (4) plant bioassay (germination and plant growth) (5) chromatographic analysis (sephadex fractionation) (6) degree of humification (HI, DH and HR) (7) microbial analysis (respiration). These tests vary in precision, simplicity, costs, duration and approach. Plant bioassays are considered the most direct test for compost maturity since it shows the effect of compost maturity on plant growth and other maturity tests are correlated with plant growth performance. Spectroscopic methods, sephadex fractionation and degree of humification give an insight to the feasibility of starting material to be transformed, the level of humification and the quality of the humic fraction and the efficiency of a given composting process. © 2006 Asian Network for Scientific Information.	Degree of humification; Humic acid evolution index; Maturity index; Phytotoxicity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960438184	Assessment of heavy metal speciation in soils impacted with crude oil in the Niger Delta, Nigeria	Iwegbue C.M.A.	2011	Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability	23	1	10.3184/095422911X12964002282100	Department of Chemistry, Delta State University, P.M.B. 1, Abraka, Nigeria	Iwegbue, C.M.A., Department of Chemistry, Delta State University, P.M.B. 1, Abraka, Nigeria	Chemical fractionation of Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cr, Zn and Mn in soils that had received a significant impact of crude oil spillage in the Niger Delta, Nigeria was studied using a sequential chemical extraction method. The results revealed that significant amounts of the metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cr, Zn and Mn) were found in the most labile fractions as compared to the control site. On average, Ni, Cr and Zn were mostly associated with the residual fraction; Pb and Mn with the Fe-Mn oxides; Cu with the organic fraction and Cd with the exchangeable fraction. Among the non-residual fractions, metals were mostly associated with the Fe-Mn oxides fraction. The mobility factors of these metals were higher at the impacted sites as compared with the control site. High mobility of the metals in the impacted soils was associated with the oil spillage, since exogenous metals are usually weakly bound to soil particles. The mobility factors for the metals follow the order: Cd > Zn > Pb > Ni > Mn > Cu > Cr.	Bioavailability; Heavy metals; Niger Delta; Oil spill; Sequential chemical extraction; Soils; Speciation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84929400224	Computational evaluation of the effect of structural parameters of 3-flouro thiophene and 3-thiophene malonic acid on corrosion inhibition efficiency of mild steel in acidic media	Usman B., Maarof H., Abdallah H.H., Aziz M.	2015	International Journal of Electrochemical Science	10	4	None	Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor Darul Ta'azim, Malaysia; Advanced Membrane Technology Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor Darul Ta'azim, Malaysia; Department of P	Usman, B., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor Darul Ta'azim, Malaysia, Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bayero University, Kano. P. M. B, Kano, Nigeria; Maarof, H., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor Darul Ta'azim, Malaysia; Abdallah, H.H., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor Darul Ta'azim, Malaysia, Department of Chemistry, Education College, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Iraq; Aziz, M., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor Darul Ta'azim, Malaysia, Advanced Membrane Technology Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor Darul Ta'azim, Malaysia	The effect of the substituent's, halide and carboxylic group on thiophene compounds, namely 3-flourothiophene (3FT) and 3-thiophene malonic acid (3TMA) on the corrosion inhibition efficiency of mild steel in acidic media has been predicted using quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) model and quantum chemical calculation. The results from QSAR model show that 3TMA exhibit higher corrosion inhibition efficiency of 85.3 and 91.7%, which may be due to the increase in length of the malonic acid then 3FT which tends to exhibit higher electron withdrawing ability as a result of the fluorine substitution and hence lower corrosion inhibition efficiency of 40.6 and 42.1% respectively. Similarly the molecular structure of the compounds was investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculation with 6-311G++(d,p) basis set. Quantum chemical parameters were calculated, the results show that QSAR model can be used to predict the corrosion inhibition performance of a compound prior to experimental. © 2015 The Authors.	3-Flourothiophene; 3-Thiophene malonic acid; Corrosion inhibition; DFT; QSAR	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84862741638	Evaluation of antioxidants in herbal tea with a laccase biosensor	Sabela M.I., Gumede N.J., Singh P., Bisetty K.	2012	International Journal of Electrochemical Science	7	6	None	Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa; Department of Chemistry, Mangosuthu University of Technology, P.O. Box 12363, Jacobs 4026, South Africa	Sabela, M.I., Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa; Gumede, N.J., Department of Chemistry, Mangosuthu University of Technology, P.O. Box 12363, Jacobs 4026, South Africa; Singh, P., Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa; Bisetty, K., Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa	In this study, a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with laccase was used as the working electrode for analysis of phenolic compounds. The electrochemical behaviour of rutin and ascorbic acid were used to assess the antioxidant capacities (trolox reagents) for the estimation of total phenolic (TP) content in two herbal tea samples common in South Africa. The result showed a positive linear correlation between the trolox equivalent antioxidant capacities (TEAC) and TP content (R 2 = 0.9812 ± 0.012), which indicated that phenolic compounds could be one of the main components responsible for the antioxidant activities in the tea samples investigated. The experimental results obtained using a Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) suggested that indeed laccase is a suitable biosensor showing good reducing properties. The scavenging ability of 2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), a diammonium salt assessed using UV-Visible spectrophotometry in the sample extract yielded half maximal effective concentration (EC 50) values of 10.80 μg/ml and 11.62 μg/ml for ascorbic acid and rutin respectively. © 2012 by ESG.	Antioxidants; Biosensor; Laccase; UV-Visible spectrophotometry; Voltammetry	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84909578962	Determination of triclosan and ketoprofen in river water and wastewater by solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography	Madikizela L.M., Muthwa S.F., Chimuka L.	2014	South African Journal of Chemistry	67	None	None	Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban, South Africa; School of Chemistry, University of Witwatersrand, Private Bag X3, Johannesburg, South Africa	Madikizela, L.M., Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban, South Africa, School of Chemistry, University of Witwatersrand, Private Bag X3, Johannesburg, South Africa; Muthwa, S.F., Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban, South Africa; Chimuka, L., School of Chemistry, University of Witwatersrand, Private Bag X3, Johannesburg, South Africa	This paper describes a simple, sensitive and rapid method for the determination of triclosan and ketoprofen in wastewater influent, effluent and river water. The method involves solid phase extraction (SPE) of target compounds using Oasis HLB sorbent. Several extraction parameters such as sample pH, sample volume, SPE cartridge and SPE elution solvent were optimized. The pH of the collected samples was adjusted to 5.5, and then 100 mL of the sample was loaded into an Oasis HLB cartridge. Methanol was used to elute the retained compounds. The eluted compounds were analyzed using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography with photo diode array detection (HPLC-PDA). The method was validated by spiking ultra-pure water and wastewater with different concentrations of both compounds ranging from 5 μg L-1 to 1000 μg L-1. Recoveries were in the range of 73%to 104 %, and%RSD ranged from8%to 15%. The method gave good detection limits of 0.01 and 0.08 μg L-1 for triclosan and ketoprofen, respectively. Traces of both compounds were detected in all wastewater (influent and effluent) samples at a range of 1.2 to 9.0 μg L-1 and in some river water samples.	High performance liquid chromatography; Ketoprofen; Solid phase extraction; Triclosan; Wastewater treatment plants	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892364760	Safety evaluation of heavy metals exposure from consumer products	Odukudu F.B., Ayenimo J.G., Adekunle A.S., Yusuff A.M., Mamba B.B.	2014	International Journal of Consumer Studies	38	1	10.1111/ijcs.12061	Department of Chemistry, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa	Odukudu, F.B., Department of Chemistry, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Ayenimo, J.G., Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Adekunle, A.S., Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Yusuff, A.M., Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Mamba, B.B., Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa	The determination of heavy metals in consumer products is crucial for the safety appraisal and sources classification of human and environmental exposures. These products contain various undisclosed chemical constituents with no or little known health safety information. The public is generally unaware of these types of everyday exposure from chemical constituents of consumer products and their health consequences. In this study, we recorded a body of proof demonstrating potential harm of consumer goods, by determining concentrations of total cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), lead (Pb) and nikel (Ni contents in a variety of personal care products (n=82) commonly used in Nigeria, using flame atomic absorption spectrometer after dry and wet digestion methods. The results of the analysis indicated that the range of Cd was 0.035±0.023-0.467±0.167ppm, Cr 0.015±0.009-0.435±0.232ppm, Cu 0.230±0.08-0.603±0.025ppm, Zn 0.003±0.005-0.743±0.066ppm, Fe 0.233±0.219-1.401±1.878ppm, Pb 0.02±0.007-0.2050.129ppm and Ni 0.035±0.015-0.093±0.06ppm. The values of Cd and Cr are a cause for alarm because the elements are not allowed in any amount in cosmetics. Despite the fact that zinc is essential in the body, the values obtained in this study deserves safety concerns due to cumulative effect, arising from incessant exposure. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.	Consumer products; Cosmetics; Environment; Exposure; Heavy metals; Safety assessment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943236465	Synthesis and anti-bacterial evaluation of novel thio- and oxazepino[7,6-b]quinolines	Hamidi H., Heravi M.M., Tajbakhsh M., Shiri M., Oskooie H.A., Shintre S.A., Koorbanally N.A.	2015	Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society	12	12	10.1007/s13738-015-0698-5	Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran, Iran; Department of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran; School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa	Hamidi, H., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran, Iran; Heravi, M.M., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran, Iran; Tajbakhsh, M., Department of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran; Shiri, M., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran, Iran; Oskooie, H.A., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran, Iran; Shintre, S.A., School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa; Koorbanally, N.A., School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa	Cyclocondensation of 2-chloroquinoline-3-carbaldehydes and 2-thiophenol/2-aminophenols led to the formation of benzo[2,3][1,4]thio- or oxazepino[7,6-b]quinolines. Ugi reaction of the latter compound with various carboxylic acids and isocyanides gave novel oxazepino[7,6-b]quinoline derivatives. All compounds were evaluated for their anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities. Among them, compounds 4a, 4b and 4d showed moderate to good activity. © 2015 Iranian Chemical Society.	Anti-bacterial; Isocyanide; Oxazepinoquinolines; Thiazepinoquinolines; Ugi condensation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84953337190	Synthesis, photo physical studies and evaluation of ruthenium(II) complexes of polypyridyl ligands as sensitizer for DSSCs	Mkhohlakali A.C., Ajibade P.A.	2015	International Journal of Electrochemical Science	10	12	None	Department of chemistry, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X 1314, Alice, South Africa	Mkhohlakali, A.C., Department of chemistry, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X 1314, Alice, South Africa; Ajibade, P.A., Department of chemistry, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X 1314, Alice, South Africa	In the research on TiO2 nanocrystalline sensitization, ruthenium(II) complexes have received considerable attention in order to get efficient dyes for DSSCs. In this study, we report the synthesis of ruthenium(II) complexes formulated as [Ru(L1)(L2)(NCS)2], [Ru(L3)(L1)((NCS)2] where L1= 1,10-phenanthroline-4,7-disulphonic acid, L2= 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid and L3 = 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxy aldehyde. The compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR, FTIR, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The complexes exhibited a broad metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) absorption bands in the range 510-531 nm and intense (π-π*) transitions between 240-380 nm. Some of these complexes showed emission maxima up to 680 nm. The compounds were used sensitizers to fabricate solar cells and an overall conversion efficiencies of 0.2-1.06 % under standard 1 sun 1.5 AM illumination (100 mWcm-2) with open circuit voltage 0.53, and 0.6, 0.48 V, short circuit current density up to 3.4 mAcm-2 and fill factor up to 0.6 were obtained. © 2015 The Authors.	DSSCS; Open voltage solar cell efficiency; Photo physical properties; Ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes; Short circuit current voltage	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947931377	Synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation of 1,3,5-triazine amino acid derivatives to study their MAO inhibitors	Khattab S.N., Khalil H.H., Bekhit A.A., El-Rahman M.M.A., El-Faham A., Albericio F.	2015	Molecules	20	9	10.3390/molecules200915976	Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P. O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Institute for Research in Biomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain	Khattab, S.N., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P. O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria, Egypt; Khalil, H.H., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P. O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria, Egypt; Bekhit, A.A., Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; El-Rahman, M.M.A., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P. O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria, Egypt; El-Faham, A., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P. O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria, Egypt, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Albericio, F., Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Barcelona, Spain, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain	Three series of 4,6-dimethoxy-, 4,6-dipiperidino- and 4,6-dimorpholino-1,3,5-triazin- 2-yl) amino acid derivatives were synthesized and characterized. A preliminary study for their monoamine oxidase inhibitory activity showed that compounds 7, 18, and 25 had MAO-A inhibition activity comparable to that of the standard clorgyline, with apparently more selective inhibitory activity toward MAO-A than MAO-B and no significant acute toxicity.	1,3,5-triazine derivatives; Amino acids; Monoamine oxidase; Morpholine; Piperidine	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897092748	Determination of performance characteristics of petrol/bio-ethanol blends for spark ignition (Si) engines	Ubwa S.T., Oshido B.A., Malu S.P.	2014	International Journal of Renewable Energy Research	4	1	None	Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria	Ubwa, S.T., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria; Oshido, B.A., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria; Malu, S.P., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria	Performance characteristics; fuel power (FP), brake thermal efficiency (BTE), brake power (BP) and Specific fuel consumption (SFC) of blended (petrol/bio-ethanol) fuels were studied and compared with neat petrol. The blends were; E05, E10, E15 and E20 for 5%,10%, 15% and 20% bio-ethanol respectively. The performance parameters were measured based on short standard engine tests performed on a Cortina petrol engine test bed, a four stroke engine, and variable speed SI engine with an eddy current dynamometer and Tachometer. The result showed that E05 and E10 were the optimum blending ratios for bioethanol and petrol. It can be concluded from these results that E05 and E10 are the most suitable blends for use in four stroke SI engines.	Bio-ethanol; Blended fuel; Performance parameters and SI engines; Petrol (gasoline)	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956024389	Impact of tannery and textile effluent on the chemical characteristics of Challawa river, Kano state, Nigeria	Akan J.C., Abdulrahman F.I., Ayodele J.T., Ogugbuaja V.O.	2009	Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry	8	10	None	Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B 1069, Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria; Department of Chemistry, Bayero University, Kano State, Nigeria	Akan, J.C., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B 1069, Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria; Abdulrahman, F.I., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B 1069, Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria; Ayodele, J.T., Department of Chemistry, Bayero University, Kano State, Nigeria; Ogugbuaja, V.O., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B 1069, Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria	The impact of effluent from tanneries and textile on the chemical characteristics of Challawa River was carried out for a periods of one year. Water samples were collected on quarterly basis beginning from the months of June to September, 2007 (Rainy season), November, 2007 - February, 2008 (Harmattan period) and March - May, 2008 (Dry season) to reflect the seasonal factors. Water samples from these areas were collected and designated S1 to S8 for the determinations of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), Dissolved oxygen (DO) total dissolved solid (TDS), anions and trace element. These parameters were determined using standard procedures. The concentrations of BOD (40.20±42.65 to 33.91±678.36mg/l.), COD (158.00±3439.11 to 15.41±210.33mg/l), %TOC (0.21 to 5.54%) were higher than the WHO limits for the protection of fish and other aquatic life. The concentrations of heavy metals in the water and sediment samples were higher than the WHO guideline values for the protection of aquatic life. This is expected owing to its location close to tanneries and textile industries. Results of Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results revealed that BOD, COD, DO, TOC, TDS, nitrate, nitrite, sulphate, phosphate, heavy metals and chloride were significantly different among the sampling points and seasons with exception of point S1-S3 where the was no marked seasonal variations. Point S5 which is the control point (upstream) recorded the lowest concentrations for all the parameters studied. The relationship between %TOC with BOD and COD; TDS with BOD and COD were also observed. The Pearson linear correlation analysis showed that the mean concentrations of heavy metals in the water and sediment samples revealed significantly positive correlated values. Base on the above results, the study underscores the need for immediate remediation programs to control the discharged of tanneries and textile effluent into Challawa River.	Challawa river; Chemical characteristics; Impact; Tannery and textile effluent	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84954511318	Evaluation of physicochemical and biodegradability properties of selected Nigerian non-edible oilseeds as potential cutting fluids	Jayeoye T.J., Ogundiran M.B., Fadare D.A., Ogunjobi A.A.	2015	Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research Series A: Physical Sciences	58	3	None	Department of Chemistry, Federal University Ndufu Alike Ikwo, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; Analytical/Environmental Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Dep	Jayeoye, T.J., Department of Chemistry, Federal University Ndufu Alike Ikwo, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria, Analytical/Environmental Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Ogundiran, M.B., Analytical/Environmental Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Fadare, D.A., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Ogunjobi, A.A., Department of Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	This paper reports evaluation of physicochemical and biodegradability properties of selected non edible Nigerian oilseeds as a potential cutting fluid. Oil extraction process was carried on the oilseeds, with physicochemical parameters and biodegradability of the extracts were equally assessed. The established physicochemical parameters were percentage oil yield (5.58-61.8%), specific gravity (0.86-0.94), acid value (2.89-18.2 mgKOH/g), iodine value (15.7-104 mg iodine/g), peroxide value (1.35-10.9 mg/g oil), saponification value (173-286 mg KOH/g) and viscosity (37.9-53.1centipoises), while biodegradability ranged between (50.0-63.8%) in comparison with the mineral oil with values less than 20%. Based on this study, the oil extracts of Caesalpinia bonduc and Calophyllum inophyllum appeared to be the most suitable as potential cutting fluids for further formulation studies and machining trials. © 2015, PCSIR-Scientific Information Centre. All rights reserved.	Bacterial inoculums; Biodegradability; Cutting fluids; Vegetable oilseeds	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907814663	Evaluation of Owabi Reservoir (Ghana) water quality using factor analysis	Akoto O., Abankwa E.	2014	Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management	19	3	10.1111/lre.12066	Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Private Mail Bag, KIA, Kumasi, Ghana; Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Akoto, O., Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Private Mail Bag, KIA, Kumasi, Ghana; Abankwa, E., Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	The Owabi Reservoir receives water inflows from several streams that drain through the rapidly urbanizing towns in the Kumasi metropolis. The reservoir catchment had been encroached upon by various human activities, resulting in the generation of large volumes of waste water being discharged into streams draining to the reservoir. This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the water quality of Owabi Reservoir. Water samples from 10 sampling sites within the reservoir were analysed for various water quality parameters; namely, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), sulphate (SO4 2-), phosphate (PO43-), chloride (Cl-), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), total dissolved solids (TSS), turbidity, faecal coliform and E. coli. The measured water quality parameters were compared to the guidelines proposed by the WHO for drinking water and natural background levels. Mean values for Pb, As, turbidity, TDS, faecal coliform and E. coli were greater than the WHO guidelines. Factor analysis for the measured parameters resulted in the extraction of five factors accounting for 83.13% of the total variance. Factor 1 showed strong loadings for PO43-, SO4 2- and TDS, reflecting a negative influence on the water quality by agricultural discharges. Factor 2 showed high loadings for EC, Cl- and apparent colour, while Factor 3 registered high loadings for colour and faecal coliform, suggesting domestic wastewater discharges and the presence of decaying organic matter. Factors 4 and 5 showed high loadings for copper, lead, turbidity and E. coli, an indication of both organic and inorganic pollution. Accordingly, periodic monitoring of Owabi Reservoir water quality, and the streams draining into it, is recommended as a means of ensuring good water quality, as well as facilitating the identification of the possible types and sources of water pollutants entering the reservoir. © 2014 Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.	Factor analysis; Human activities; Owabi Reservoir; Pollution; Water quality	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77954817134	Evaluation of Lippia scaberrima essential oil and some pure terpenoid constituents as postharvest mycobiocides for avocado fruit	Regnier T., Combrinck S., Plooy W.D., Botha B.	2010	Postharvest Biology and Technology	57	3	10.1016/j.postharvbio.2010.03.010	Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, PO Box 56208, Arcadia, Pretoria 0001, South Africa	Regnier, T., Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, PO Box 56208, Arcadia, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Combrinck, S., Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, PO Box 56208, Arcadia, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Plooy, W.D., Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, PO Box 56208, Arcadia, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Botha, B., Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, PO Box 56208, Arcadia, Pretoria 0001, South Africa	Mycobiocides are attracting research interest worldwide as possible postharvest pathogen control measures to replace synthetic fungicides. In this study, the application of two essential oils as fungicides was evaluated. Initially, the in vitro antifungal effects of Lippia scaberrima essential oil and three of the major oil components, (d)-limonene, R-(-)-carvone, and 1,8-cineole, as well as that of S-(+)-carvone, were investigated against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, and an Alternaria isolate. The oil and terpenoids caused significant inhibition of the mycelial growth of all the pathogens when applied at a concentration of 2000μLL-1. The most potent volatile component of L. scaberrima essential oil, able to inhibit all the pathogens tested, proved to be R-(-)-carvone. The efficacy of the essential oil (1000 and 2000μLL-1) incorporated into the commercial coating was confirmed on fruit inoculated with two of the pathogens. A simulated export trial was done using Lippia essential oil, in addition to Mentha spicata (spearmint) essential oil, as supplements for fruit coatings. Results indicate that essential oils rich in R-(-)-carvone could be valuable alternatives to synthetic fungicides for the postharvest management of avocado fruit. The combination of essential oils with a commercial coating, acceptable to the organic market, offers additional protection to this vulnerable commodity. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.	Alternaria; Anthracnose; Avocado; Colletotrichum; Essential oil; Lippia; Spearmint; Stem-end rot	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84876740004	GC-MS evaluation of bioactive compounds and antibacterial activity of the oil fraction from the stem bark of Brachystegia eurycoma harms	Igwe O.U., Okwu D.E.	2013	International Journal of Chemical Sciences	11	1	None	Department of Chemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 7267, Umudike, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria	Igwe, O.U., Department of Chemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 7267, Umudike, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria; Okwu, D.E., Department of Chemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 7267, Umudike, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria	The ethanolic extract of the stem bark of Brachystegia eurycoma yielded reddish coloured substance (5.68 g). The extract was subjected to GC-MS studies. Nineteen phyto-constituents were identified with 41, 5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy flavones (21.97%) constituting the bulk of the oil, followed by 9-octadecenoic acid (12.4%). Other compounds indentified include 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (10.16%), hexadecanoic acid (9.50%), 9-octadecenoic acid ethyl ester (9.50%), hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester (4.59%), (4-(2-methyl-piperidine-1-sulfonyl)-phenyl)-(2-methyl-piperidin-1-yl)-methanone (3.93%), 2-Omethl-D-Mannopyranosa (3.61%), 2-hydroxy-5-methylisophthaladehyde (3.28%), 1,2,3-trihydroxyphenol (2.30%), ethyl 2-hydroxybenzyl sulfone (2.30%), 1,2,4-trimethyl-3-nitrobicyclo (3.3.1) nonan-9-one (2.30%), butanal, 4-hydroxy-3-methyl (1.97%), 1,6-anhydro-beta-D-glucopyranose (1.97%), 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl ester (1.64%), N,N-diethyl-4-(morpholine-4-sulfonyl)-benzenesulfanamide (1.64%) and 9-octadecenamide (1.31%). The extract showed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. These results suggest the use of the extract from the stem bark of Brachystegia eurycoma in the treatment of typhoid fever, wounds and infections in herbal medicine in Nigeria.	Antibacterial activity; Bioactive compounds; Brachystegia eurycoma; GC-MS analysis; Phyto-chemicals	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70349573350	Evaluation of the phytochemical content of some edible grains marketed in Nigeria	Odoemelam S.A., Osu C.I.	2009	E-Journal of Chemistry	6	4	None	Department of Chemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, P.M.B 7267, Nigeria	Odoemelam, S.A., Department of Chemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, P.M.B 7267, Nigeria; Osu, C.I., Department of Chemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, P.M.B 7267, Nigeria	Five food grains (groundnut, millet, wheat, guinea corn and breadfruit) commonly consumed in Nigeria were evaluated for their phytochemical contents. The results revealed that the grains contained 0.60-1.24% alkaloid, 0.82-2.27% flavonoid, 0.03-0.05% saponin, 0.50-0.60% tannins, 2.40-2.80% phenols and 0.17-0.30% phytic acid. Dietary implications of these constituents are highlighted.	Anti-nutritional factors; Food; Grains; Phytochemicals	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84944448595	In vivo antimalarial evaluation of some 2,3-disubstituted-4(3H)-quinazolinone derivatives	Birhan Y.S., Bekhit A.A., Hymete A.	2015	BMC Research Notes	8	1	10.1186/s13104-015-1578-x	Department of Chemistry, Natural and Computational Sciences College, Debre Markos University, P.O. Box 269, Debre Markos, Ethiopia; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Birhan, Y.S., Department of Chemistry, Natural and Computational Sciences College, Debre Markos University, P.O. Box 269, Debre Markos, Ethiopia; Bekhit, A.A., Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Hymete, A., Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Background: Malaria is a neglected tropical parasitic disease affecting billons of people around the globe. Though the number of cases and deaths associated with malaria are decreasing in recent years, it is the most deadly disease in the world. This study aimed at investigating the in vivo antimalarial activities of some 2,3-disubstituted-4(3H)-quinazolinone derivatives. Results: The in vivo antimalarial activities of the test compounds (6-9 and 11-13) were investigated using the 4-day suppressive standard test in mice infected with chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain. The tested compounds showed significant antimalarial activities with mean percentage suppression of 43.71-72.86 % which is significantly higher than the negative control group (p < 0.05). Compounds 12 and 13 displayed better antimalarial activities from the group with mean percentage suppression of 67.60 and 72.86 % respectively. Conclusion: The tested compounds showed significant in vivo antimalarial activities in mice infected with P. berghi ANKA strain. Thus, 3-aryl-2-(substitutedstyryl)-4(3H)-quinazolinones represent a possible scaffold for the development of antimalarial agents. © 2015 Birhan et al.	Malaria; Quinazolinones	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949115388	Dispersion of asphaltenes in petroleum with ionic liquids: Evaluation of molecular interactions in the binary mixture	Ogunlaja A.S., Hosten E., Tshentu Z.R.	2014	Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research	53	48	None	Department of Chemistry, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 77000, Port-Elizabeth 6031, South Africa	Ogunlaja, A.S., Department of Chemistry, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 77000, Port-Elizabeth 6031, South Africa; Hosten, E., Department of Chemistry, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 77000, Port-Elizabeth 6031, South Africa; Tshentu, Z.R., Department of Chemistry, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 77000, Port-Elizabeth 6031, South Africa	Ionic liquids containing imidazolium cations 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate, and 1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-2-carboxybenzoate were successfully synthesized and employed for the dispersion of asphaltenes in heavy oil, which is becoming a necessity during oil recovery and transportation. Molecular interaction studies indicated that 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride displayed a small HOMO-LUMO energy gap, which best explains its higher polarizability and reactivity as compared with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate and 1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-2-carboxybenzoate. Dispersion indices obtained from the experiments were in agreement with the modeling studies. Maximum asphaltene dispersion indices (%) of 78, 70, and 53 were obtained for 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride,1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate, and 1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-2-carboxybenzoate, respectively, when using an ionic liquid-toasphaltenes molarity ratio of 9:1. The excellent performance displayed by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride is based on the thermodynamic interaction energy and HOMO-LUMO energy it holds. © 2014 American Chemical Society.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924350478	Trinuclear half-sandwich RuII, RhIII and IrIII polyester organometallic complexes: Synthesis and in vitro evaluation as antitumor agents	Burgoyne A.R., Makhubela B.C.E., Meyer M., Smith G.S.	2015	European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry	2015	8	10.1002/ejic.201403192	Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa	Burgoyne, A.R., Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa; Makhubela, B.C.E., Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa; Meyer, M., Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa; Smith, G.S., Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa	Schiff base ligands obtained from the condensation of 4-aminophenylmethanol and either 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde or salicylaldehyde were used to synthesise bidentate trimeric ester ligands. The trimeric ester ligands were used to prepare a new series of trinuclear polyester organometallic complexes by using the dimeric precursors, [Ru(η6-p-iPrC6H4Me)Cl2]2, [Rh(C5Me5)Cl2]2 or [Ir(C5Me5)Cl2]2. The Schiff base ligands act as bidentate donors to each metal. All compounds were characterised by NMR and IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and EI/ESI mass spectrometry. Model mononuclear analogues were prepared, and the molecular structures of selected compounds were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The mono- and trimeric ligands and the metal complexes were evaluated for inhibitory effects against the human ovarian cancer cell lines, A2780 (cisplatin-sensitive) and A2780cisR (cisplatin-resistant), and the model human skin fibroblast cell line, KMST-6. Polyester-containing trinuclear half-sandwich RuII, RhIII and IrIII complexes were prepared and characterised. The cytotoxicity was investigated for all compounds. Aqueous stability studies and interactions with model DNA 5′-GMP were performed for the most-active compounds. Copyright © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.	Antitumor agents; Bioorganometallic chemistry; Half-sandwich complexes; Polyesters	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953597777	Evaluation of the status of heavy metal pollution of sediment of agbabu bitumen deposit area, Nigeria	Olubunmi F.E., Olorunsola O.E.	2010	European Journal of Scientific Research	41	3	None	Department of Chemistry, University of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	Olubunmi, F.E., Department of Chemistry, University of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Olorunsola, O.E., Department of Chemistry, University of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	Ten heavy metals (Fe, Cu, Mn, Cr, Zn, Hg, Pb, Cd, NI, and V) were analyzed in sediment samples in the dry and wet seasons of year 2008 using AAS. Mercury was not detected in all the samples. The mean concentrations of the heavy metals in sediment (0.38±0.03ppm to 6,619±290ppm - dry season and 0.24±0.05ppm to 8,144±229ppm - wet season) were lower than the values recommended in Consensus-Based Sediment Quality Guidelines of Wisconsin. In the dry season, Enrichment Factors (EF) of the heavy metals in sediment calculated ranged from 0.52 to 2.20. The low values of EF show that the enrichment of sediment by heavy metals was by natural process. The Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo) calculated in both dry and wet seasons gave values indicating no pollution to moderately polluted. From the analysis of variance with Statistical Analysis System (SAS), the mean concentration of metals in sediment in the two seasons (a level=0.05) are not significantly different which implied that the metals were held firmly in the matrix of sediment. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2010.	Concentrations; Enrichment factor (EF); Heavy metal; Sediment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84905505316	Synthesis and evaluation of quindoline and its analogue as potential anticancer agents	Boahen Y.O., Mann J.	2014	Chemistry of Natural Compounds	50	3	10.1007/s10600-014-0995-8	Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; Chemistry Department, University of Reading, Reading RG6 7AD, United Kingdom; School of Chemistry, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT 9 5AG, United Kingdom	Boahen, Y.O., Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana, Chemistry Department, University of Reading, Reading RG6 7AD, United Kingdom; Mann, J., Chemistry Department, University of Reading, Reading RG6 7AD, United Kingdom, School of Chemistry, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT 9 5AG, United Kingdom	Several derivatives of quindoline, 10H-(indolo[3,2-b]quinoline), alkaloids were prepared by the modification of the Pfitzinger quinoline reaction. The conversion of quindoline was 71% while that of another compound, 2,10-bis(dimethylaminoethyl)-indolo[3,2-b]quinoline, was 64%. In the evaluation of the cytotoxicities of the two compounds using five human ovarian cancer cell lines, namely SKOV-3, A2780, A2780R, CHI, and CHIR, quindoline gave minimum inhibitory concentration (IC50) results of 66, 21.5, 24.5, 15.5, and 30 M, respectively whiles the more potent compound, 2,10-bis(dimethylaminoethyl) -indolo[3,2-b]quinoline, gave 6.3, 12.5, 10.5, 8.4, and 12.5 M, respectively. A third compound, 2-(3′-hydroxypropan-1′-yl)-10H-indolo[3,2-b] quinoline, was prepared by the Heck reaction in a yield of 70%. © 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York.	cancer; cytotoxicity; minimum inhibitory concentration; quindoline	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84868249509	Synthesis, characterisation and in vitro evaluation of platinum(II) and gold(I) iminophosphine complexes for anticancer activity	Chiririwa H., Moss J.R., Hendricks D., Smith G.S., Meijboom R.	2013	Polyhedron	49	1	10.1016/j.poly.2012.09.053	Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Division of Medical Biochemistry, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Observatory 7935, South Africa; Research Centre for Synthesis and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa	Chiririwa, H., Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa, Division of Medical Biochemistry, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Observatory 7935, South Africa, Research Centre for Synthesis and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa; Moss, J.R., Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Hendricks, D., Division of Medical Biochemistry, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Observatory 7935, South Africa; Smith, G.S., Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Meijboom, R., Research Centre for Synthesis and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa	The reactions of iminophosphine ligands with [PtCl2(COD)], [PtCl2(DMSO)2], and [Au(tht)Cl] has been investigated. The new platinum(II) and gold(I) complexes were characterised using elemental analysis, electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), NMR (1H and 31P) and IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction studies. In vitro cytotoxic study results show that platinum and gold complexes block the proliferation of WHCO1 and KYSE450 cell lines with an IC50 range of 2.16-9.47 μM. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	Anticancer; Gold(I) complexes; Iminophosphines; Platinum(II) complexes	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84925457770	Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of fluorocarbon-containing rhodium(I) complexes for biphasic hydroformylation reactions	Maqeda L., Makhubela B.C.E., Smith G.S.	2015	Polyhedron	91	None	10.1016/j.poly.2015.02.037	Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa	Maqeda, L., Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa; Makhubela, B.C.E., Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa; Smith, G.S., Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa	Abstract A series of fluorocarbon-containing salicylaldimine and iminophosphine Schiff base ligands and their Rh(I) complexes were synthesized. The synthesized ligands and complexes were characterized using different analytical and spectroscopic techniques including (1H, 13C{1H}, 31P{1H} and 19F{1H} NMR spectroscopy), FT-IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (ESI and EI), and elemental analysis. In addition, single crystal X-ray diffraction was also used for characterization for complexes 1 and 2. Consequently, the Rh(I) synthesized complexes were evaluated as catalyst precursors in the hydroformylation of 1-octene. The hydroformylation results showed that the iminophosphine and salicylaldimine-based catalyst precursors are active and selective under mild conditions, converting 1-octene to mostly aldehydes. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	Biphasic catalysis; Fluorocarbon; Hydroformylation; Rhodium(I) complexes; Schiff bases	None	DST, University of Capetown; UCT, University of Capetown
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908026839	Synthesis and evaluation of a carbosilane congener of ferroquine and its corresponding half-sandwich ruthenium and rhodium complexes for antiplasmodial and β-hematin inhibition activity	Li Y., De Kock C., Smith P.J., Chibale K., Smith G.S.	2014	Organometallics	33	17	10.1021/om500622p	Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa; Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory, South Africa; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa	Li, Y., Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa; De Kock, C., Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory, South Africa; Smith, P.J., Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory, South Africa; Chibale, K., Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa, South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa; Smith, G.S., Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa	A silicon-containing congener of ferroquine (1) was synthesized by incorporating an organosilicon motif in the lateral side chain of ferroquine. Compound 1 was then further reacted with dinuclear half-sandwich transition-metal precursors [Ru(Ar)(μ-Cl)Cl]2 (Ar = η6-p-iPrC6H4Me, η6-C6H6, η6-C6H5OCH2CH2OH), [Rh(COD)(μ-Cl)]2, and [RhCp∗(μ-Cl)Cl]2, to yield a series of heterometallic organometallic complexes (2-6). Compound 1 coordinates selectively in a monodentate manner to the transition metals via the quinoline nitrogen of the aminoquinoline scaffold. All of the compounds were characterized using various analytical and spectroscopic techniques, and the molecular structure of compound 1 was elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, the in vitro antiplasmodial activity of compounds 1-6 was established against the chloroquine-sensitive (NF54) and chloroquine-resistant (Dd2) strains of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. © 2014 American Chemical Society.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-29144493144	Improving performance in a second year chemistry course: An evaluation of a tutorial scheme on the learning of chemistry	Davidowitz B., Rollnick M.	2005	South African Journal of Chemistry	58	None	None	Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, South Africa; School of Education, University of Witwatersrand, South Africa	Davidowitz, B., Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Rollnick, M., School of Education, University of Witwatersrand, South Africa	Throughput of students is a concern for academic departments especially since it will be the basis of a new funding formula for tertiary institutions. In order to reduce content for increased mastery, and ensure student engagement with chemical concepts, tutorials were introduced for two of the second year chemistry sub-disciplines at UCT in the place of some formal lectures. The impact of this innovation was investigated using questionnaires, interviews and a study of opportunistic data such as examination results. Analysis of the data showed that the overall pass rate increased noticeably as did the number of students achieving high marks. Student, tutor and lecturer feedback lent credence to the belief that the improvement was largely due to the introduction of the tutorial scheme. In addition, some noteworthy differences between the sub-disciplines were identified. Some of these differences were attributed to the lecturer's understanding of his own teaching.	Chemical education; Curriculum design; Improving performance in chemistry; Tutorials	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84890948686	Evaluation of (2-hydroxyethyl) triphenyl phosphonium bromide as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in sulphuric acid	Vashisht H., Kumar S., Bahadur I., Singh G.	2014	International Journal of Electrochemical Science	9	2	None	Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi -110007, India; Thermodynamics Research Unit, School of Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, King George V Avenue, Durban, 4041, South Africa	Vashisht, H., Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi -110007, India; Kumar, S., Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi -110007, India; Bahadur, I., Thermodynamics Research Unit, School of Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, King George V Avenue, Durban, 4041, South Africa; Singh, G., Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi -110007, India	The inhibition effect of the (2-Hydroxyethyl) triphenyl phosphonium bromide (HETPB) on mild steel corrosion in 0.5 M H2So4 have been determined by electrochemical techniques like potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), potentiostatic polarization (PSP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies (EIS). Potentiodynamic polarization study reveal that HETPB is an anodic type inhibitor with 98% efficiency at the concentration range of (1×10-2 to 4×10-3) M for mild steel in 0.5 M sulfuric acid. Potentiostatic polarization study shows that HETPB is a non-passivating type of inhibitor at higher concentrations and act as passivating type of inhibitor at lower concentrations. The corrosion behavior of steel in 0.5 M H2So4 without and with the inhibitor at various concentrations was studied at the temperature range from (298.15 to 328.15) K. The adsorption of HETPB accords to Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Kinetic parameter such as effective activation energy (Ea) has been evaluated from the effect of temperature on corrosion and inhibition processes. The negative values of thermodynamic parameter like Gibbs free energy of adsorption (ΔG°ads) indicate the spontaneity of adsorption process. The surface morphology of the tested mild steel specimens in the presence and absence of inhibitors have been studied by using the respective images of SEM and AFM. Quantum chemical calculations have been performed and several quantum chemical indices were calculated and correlated with the corresponding inhibition efficiencies. © 2014 by ESG.	Adsorption isotherms; Corrosion inhibitors; Mild steel; Phosphonium compound; Sulfuric acid solution	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897845493	Evaluation of benzyl triphenyl phosphonium chloride as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in phosphoric acid	Vashisht H., Bahadur I., Kumar S., Bhrara K., Ramjugernath D., Singh G.	2014	International Journal of Electrochemical Science	9	6	None	Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India; Thermodynamics Research Unit, School of Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, King George V Avenue, Durban, 4041, South Africa	Vashisht, H., Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India; Bahadur, I., Thermodynamics Research Unit, School of Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, King George V Avenue, Durban, 4041, South Africa; Kumar, S., Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India; Bhrara, K., Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India; Ramjugernath, D., Thermodynamics Research Unit, School of Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, King George V Avenue, Durban, 4041, South Africa; Singh, G., Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India	The effect of Benzyl triphenyl phosphonium chloride (BTPPC) on the corrosion of mild steel in a solution of 0.3 M phosphoric acid has been investigated at various inhibitor concentrations and temperatures by Potentiodynamic Polarization Studies, Potentiostatic Polarization Studies, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Studies (EIS), Temperature Kinetic Studies and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Results obtained from Potentiodynamic polarization studies reveal that BTPPC is a mixed type inhibitor for mild steel in 0.3 M phosphoric acid. Potentiostatic polarization studies show that BTPPC is a non-passivating type of inhibitor. The corrosion behavior of steel in 0.3 M H3PO4 with and without the inhibitor at various concentrations was studied in the temperature range from (298.15 to 338.15) K. The inhibition efficiency increases with an increase in concentration at all temperatures. The inhibition efficiencies decrease with an increase in temperature for lower concentrations of BTPPC, but for the higher concentration such as 1×10-3M, inhibition efficiencies decrease with an increase in temperature up to 318.15 K and then increase with a further increase in temperature up to 338.15 K. The adsorption of BTPPC accords to the El-Awady adsorption isotherm. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters such as effective activation energy (Ea), Gibbs free energy of adsorption (δG°ads) and heat of adsorption (δH°ads) indicate that adsorption of BTPPC on the mild steel surface is primarily physical in nature. The results of scanning electron microscopy are in agreement with the electrochemical analysis results. © 2014 The Authors.	Benzyltriphenylphosphonium chloride; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS); Potentiodynamic polarization studies; Potentiostatic polarization Studies; Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84945926134	Ru(II) and Co(II) complexes of bis(pyrazolyl)pyridine and pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid: Synthesis, photo physical studies and evaluation of solar cell conversion efficiencies	Motaung M.P., Ajibade P.A.	2015	International Journal of Electrochemical Science	10	10	None	Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, South Africa	Motaung, M.P., Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, South Africa; Ajibade, P.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, South Africa	We report the synthesis of two nitrogen chelating ligands: 2,6-bis(pyrazolyl)pyridine (L1); 2,6-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)pyridine (L2) and their corresponding ruthenium(II) and cobalt(II) complexes formulated as [RuL1L(NCS)2] (C1), [RuL2L(NCS)2] (C2), [CoL1L(NCS)2] (C3) and [CoL2L(NCS)2] (C4) where L= pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid. The synthesis of the ligands were confirmed by 1HNMR spectroscopy and FTIR spectra studies confirmed the bonding of the Ru and Co ions to the ligands via the nitrogen atoms. Electronic absorption spectra indicates the geometries around the metal ions are six coordinate octahedral in which L1 or L2 acts as tridentate chelating ligands. In the cyclic voltammetry, cobalt(II) complexes exhibited lager redox potentials as compared to the ruthenium(II) complexes. The conversion efficiencies of the fabricated solar cells using the complexes as sensitizers showed that [RuL2L(NCS)2], C2 on TiO2 semiconductor produced the highest open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) of 87.3 × 10-3 mV, short-circuit photocurrent (Jsc) of 0.022 mA/cm-2 and the solar conversion efficiency was 101 × 10-5 %. © 2015 The Authors.	Conversion efficiency; Dye sensitizer; Dye-sensitized solar cells; Electrochemistry; Photo physical studies	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-56749160093	Impacts of natural and anthropogenic multiple sources of pollution on the environmental conditions of Ondo State coastal water, Nigeria	Adebowale K.O., Agunbiade F.O., Olu-Owolabi B.I.	2008	Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry	7	4	None	Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Adebowale, K.O., Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Agunbiade, F.O., Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Olu-Owolabi, B.I., Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	The pollution status of the coastal water of Ondo State, Nigeria was investigated and found to be stressed by pollutants from both anthropogenic and natural sources. Solids (total solids, total dissolved solids, and total suspended solids), alkalinity, hardness, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical and chemical oxygen demand were evaluated as measures of environmental pollution of the area. Also, some ionic and metal components were analysed. Principal component analysis and linear correlation model of the data revealed that the coastal water was negatively impacted by pollutants from related anthropogenic sources and natural sources and that atmospheric precipitation and tidal activities ensure the perfect mix of the pollutants across the site. Seawater intrusion and erosion of the soil into the coastal water are natural activities stressing the water that it may not support uses. The observed DO of the water system was high (mean value - 7.85mgO2/L) due to tidal agitation while the BOD also were lower than 3mgO2/L in most sites. However, the concentrations of chloride and sulphate in the water system were on the high side ranging from 13,074-17,366mg/L and 2,119 - 3,143mg/L respectively. The metal components investigated were beneficial to human health but exist in concentration too high for human consumption. Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn were found to be anthropogenic metals from related sources in this coastal area having correlated positively and significantly with measures of organic matter and each other. There were also indications of natural contributions of Fe, Mn &amp; Cu from the soil of the coastal area. Therefore, there is a growing need to monitor and control the release of pollutant into the coastal water system of developing countries having been overlooked.	Anthropogenic activities; Metals; Ondo Coast; PCA; Pollution; Water quality	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84875014784	Impact of effluent of an industrial estate on Oruku River in Southwestern Nigeria	Etim E.U., Onianwa P.C.	2013	World Applied Sciences Journal	21	7	10.5829/idosi.wasj.2013.21.7.1925	Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Etim, E.U., Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Onianwa, P.C., Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	The impact of industrial effluent on the Oruku River in southwestern region of Nigeria was investigated. Surface water, sediment, ground water and industrial effluent samples were obtained bimonthly for 18 months (March 2005 to September 2006). Effluent characteristics varied widely with averages of DO (4.25±1.3 mg/L), BOD (27.5±43 mg/L), Pb (0.41±0.26 mg/L), Cr (0.26±0.48 mg/L) and Ni (0.19±0.14 mg/L). Average metal concentrations of surface water at effluent discharge point were: Pb (0.065±0.065 mg/L), Cd (0.012±0.023 mg/L), Cr (0.11±0.23mg/L) and Ni (0.114±0.075mg/L). Values decreased to Pb (0.018±0.035 mg/L), Cd (0.004±0.003 mg/L), Cr (0.036±0.081mg/L) and Ni (0.025±0.023mg/L) few kilometres downstream. Contaminant levels were strongly correlated (r = 0.997) between surface water and bottom sediments. Ground water quality was within the permissible limits of the FMENV and WHO. The industrial effluent and surface water were evidently polluted with heavy metals and trace organics. Surface water contamination was related to the discharge of untreated industrial effluent. These could be of health and environmental hazard to settlements along its banks. There is need for regular monitoring of effluent, surface water and ground water quality to comply with regulatory standards. © IDOSI Publications, 2013.	Groundwater; Heavy metals; Industrial effluent; Sediment; Surface water	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33750579636	Synthesis and pesticidal evaluation of novel quin-8- oxytetramethyldiphenyldioxaphosphonine analogue	Zubair M.F., Oladosu I.A.	2006	South African Journal of Chemistry	59	None	None	Department of Chemistry, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria; Department of Chemistry, Bayero University Kano, P.M.B. 3011, Kano, Nigeria	Zubair, M.F., Department of Chemistry, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria; Oladosu, I.A., Department of Chemistry, Bayero University Kano, P.M.B. 3011, Kano, Nigeria	Although a great deal of success has been achieved in the synthesis of dibenzodioxaphosphepin derivatives during the last few decades with the introduction of hundreds of its six-, and seven-membered ring systems, the search for more practical agronomic pesticides that is readily available and of good activity, remains attractive and important to an agronomic chemist. During the course of the development of synthetic routes to a promising pesticide, a facile preparation for a nine-membered heterocyclic dibenzodioxaphosphonine compound was discovered. Previously reported compounds consist of six- and seven-membered ring systems. The pure product was fully characterized by spectroscopic [IR, NMR (1H, 13C, 31P) and Mass] analyses. The pure compound possesses a LC50 value of 19.3 μg cm-3 in a brine shrimp lethality assay (BST). The preliminary field study on the cowpea weevil bioassay shows 51% success. Details of the synthetic route as well as bioassay results are reported herein.	BST; Candidate; Dibenzodioxaphosphonine; LC50	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874634560	Pyrazolylimine iron and cobalt, and pyrazolylamine nickel complexes: Synthesis and evaluation of nickel complexes as ethylene oligomerization catalysts	Ainooson M.K., Guzei I.A., Spencer L.C., Darkwa J.	2013	Polyhedron	53	None	10.1016/j.poly.2013.01.018	Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway Campus, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, United States	Ainooson, M.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway Campus, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa; Guzei, I.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway Campus, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, United States; Spencer, L.C., Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, United States; Darkwa, J., Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway Campus, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa	A series of tridentate (O^N^N) and bidentate (N^N) iron, cobalt and nickel complexes were prepared from {2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-[(2-(3,5-RR-pyrazol-1-yl- ethylimino)methyl]-phenol}, R = H (L1), Me (L2), Ph (L3), [(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2- ethoxy-benzylidene)-[2-(3,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-1-yl)-ethyl]amine (L4), and (4-(4-tert-butyl-benzylidene)-[2-(3,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-1-yl)ethyl]-imine) (L5). Ligands L1-L5 were reacted with MX2 (M = Fe, Co, Ni; X = Cl, Br) to form three types of complexes. Whereas tridentate O∧N∧N bound complexes were formed with Fe(II) and Co(II) salts (1-6), reactions involving Ni(II) salts resulted in hydrolysis of the Schiff base ligands used to form a novel tetranuclear cubane-like cluster [Ni4(3,5-Me2pza) 4Cl8] (7) (pza = (3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1yl)ethylamine) and mononuclear [Ni(3,5-R2pza)Br2] (R = H (8); R = Me (9) complexes. Molecular structures of five complexes (1, 5-7 and 9), determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, confirmed that ligand hydrolysis occurred in the nickel reactions. All three nickel complexes showed good to excellent activity towards ethylene oligomerization with activities up to 10 726 kg (mol Ni h)-1. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	Catalysts; Cobalt; Complexes; Ethylene oligomerization; Imine hydrolysis; Iron; Nickel	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-35548990259	Poly(pyrazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene palladium complexes: Synthesis, characterisation and evaluation as heck coupling catalysts	Motsoane N.M., Guzei I.A., Darkwa J.	2007	Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung - Section B Journal of Chemical Sciences	62	3	None	Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway Campus, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, United States	Motsoane, N.M., Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway Campus, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa; Guzei, I.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, United States; Darkwa, J., Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway Campus, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa	The poly(pyrazol-1-ylmefhyl)benzenes L1-L5 react with [PdCl 2(NCMe)2] or [PdClMe(COD)] to form dinuclear palladium complexes [{PdClX(3,5-Me2pzCH2)2-1,2-C 6H4}2] (X = Cl (1), Me (2)), [{PdCl 2(3,5-Me2pzCH2)2-1,3-C 6H4}2] (3), palladium complexes [{Pd 2(μ-Cl)2Me2(3,5Me2pzCH 2)2-1,3-C6H4}] (4), [{Pd 2(μ-Cl)2X2(3,5-Me2pzCH 2)2-1,4-C6H4}] (X = Cl (5), Me (6)), [{Pd2(μ-Cl)2Cl2(3,5-'Bu 2pzCH2)2-1,4-C6H4}] (7), and tetranuclear [{Pd2(μ-Cl)2Cl2(3,5Me 2pzCH2)2}2-1,4-C6H 4] (8). The structures of 1, 2 and 8 were confirmed by X-ray structure analysis. The complexes efficiently catalyse the coupling reaction of iodobenzene and butylacrylate at 80 °C © 2007 Verlag der Zeitschrift für Naturforschung,.	Catalysts; Crystal structures; Heck coupling; Palladium complexes; Poly(pyrazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene ligands	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84858282568	Palladium(II), platinum(II) and gold(I) complexes containing chiral diphosphines of the Josiphos and Walphos families - Synthesis and evaluation as anticancer agents	Segapelo T.V., Lillywhite S., Nordlander E., Haukka M., Darkwa J.	2012	Polyhedron	36	1	10.1016/j.poly.2012.01.027	Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway Campus, P.O. Box 524, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; Inorganic Chemistry Research Group, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden; Department of Chemistry, University of Joensuu, Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland	Segapelo, T.V., Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway Campus, P.O. Box 524, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; Lillywhite, S., Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway Campus, P.O. Box 524, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; Nordlander, E., Inorganic Chemistry Research Group, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden; Haukka, M., Department of Chemistry, University of Joensuu, Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland; Darkwa, J., Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway Campus, P.O. Box 524, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa	A series of palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes ([PdCl 2(J003)] (1), [PdCl 2(W001)] (2), [PtCl 2(J003)] (3) and [PtCl 2(W001)] (4), where J003 = the Josiphos ligand (R)-1-[(S)-2-diphenylphosphino)ferrocenyl]ethyldicyclohexylphosphine and W001 = the Walphos ligand (R)-1[(R)-2-(2′-diphenylphosphinyl)ferrocenyl] ethyldo(bis-3,5-trifluoromethylphenyl)phosphine), were prepared from the reaction of the diphosphine ligands with [PdCl 2(NCMe) 2] or [PtCl 2(cod)] and characterised by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and elemental analyses. Single crystal X-ray structures were used to confirm the proposed structures. Attempts to use the same ligands to prepare isoelectronic d 8 Au(III) analogues of the palladium and platinum complexes resulted in the reduction of Au(III) to Au(I) and isolation of the Au(I) complexes [AuCl(J003)] (5), [Au 2Cl 2(J003)] (6) and [Au 2Cl 2(W001)] (7). The cytotoxicity of the four chiral, bidentate ferrocenylphosphine palladium and platinum complexes was investigated against HeLa cells and were found to have low to moderate cytotoxicity. In general, the two Josiphos complexes showed better cytotoxicity compared to the Walphos complexes, irrespective of the metal used. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	Anticancer agents; Chiral ligands; Diphosphine ligands; Palladium complexes; Platinum complexes	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941762656	Synthesis and characterisation of silver(I) benzyldiphenylphosphine complexes: Towards the biological evaluation on SNO cells	Potgieter K., Cronjé M.J., Meijboom R.	2015	Inorganica Chimica Acta	437	None	10.1016/j.ica.2015.08.023	Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, P.O. Box 524, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, P.O. Box 524, Johannesburg, South Africa	Potgieter, K., Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, P.O. Box 524, Johannesburg, South Africa; Cronjé, M.J., Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, P.O. Box 524, Johannesburg, South Africa; Meijboom, R., Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, P.O. Box 524, Johannesburg, South Africa	Cancer is one of the leading causes of deaths worldwide, due to the lack of effective anticancer agents, and the agents leading to side-effects. It is therefore crucial to find an anticancer agent which is effective enough to destroy the cancer cells without causing side-effects. Silver(I) complexes have the potential to be applied as effective anticancer agents, due to their excellent antibacterial and antimicrobial properties. Silver(I) benzyldiphenylphosphine complexes were synthesised and characterised by means of NMR, FTIR as well as single crystal X-ray diffractometry (SXRD). The crystal structure revealed a trigonal planar geometry, which is rarely seen in silver chemistry. In addition, the anticancer activity of these complexes was evaluated against a malignant SNO (oesophageal) cancer cell line. The viability of the cells after treatment with the complexes were determined using an alamarBlue® viability assay. The possible mode of cell death, being apoptosis, necrosis or both, was determined by studying the treated cells under a microscope. A significant decrease in the viability of the cells after 24 h treatment with the complexes was observed. The morphological studies revealed that apoptosis could be a possible mode of cell death, however some necrosis was observed. Silver(I) benzyldiphenylphosphine complexes shows potential as effective anticancer agents. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.	Anticancer activity; Silver(I) phosphine complexes; SNO cancer cells	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879915075	Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel thiosemicarbazone-triazole hybrid compounds as antimalarial agents	Kinfe H.H., Belay Y.H.	2013	South African Journal of Chemistry	66	None	None	Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa	Kinfe, H.H., Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa; Belay, Y.H., Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa	Anovel series of thiosemicarbazone-triazole hybrids were efficiently synthesized and evaluated for their activity against the 3D7 strain of the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. Although the hybrids were found not to be as potent as the standard chloroquine, they have shown activities interesting enough to warrant future structure activity relationship (SAR) studies.	Antimalarial; Hybrid; Thiosemicarbazone; Triazole	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953666872	Confidence versus performance as an indicator of the presence of alternative conceptions and inadequate problem-solving skills in mechanics	Potgieter M., Malatje E., Gaigher E., Venter E.	2010	International Journal of Science Education	32	11	10.1080/09500690903100265	Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Department of Education, South Africa; Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Centre for Evaluation and Assessment, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Potgieter, M., Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Malatje, E., Department of Education, South Africa; Gaigher, E., Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Venter, E., Centre for Evaluation and Assessment, University of Pretoria, South Africa	This study investigated the use of performance-confidence relationships to signal the presence of alternative conceptions and inadequate problem-solving skills in mechanics. A group of 33 students entering physics at a South African university participated in the project. The test instrument consisted of 20 items derived from existing standardised tests from literature, each of which was followed by a self-reported measure of confidence of students in the correctness of their answers. Data collected for this study included students' responses to multiple-choice questions and open-ended explanations for their chosen answers. Fixed response physics and confidence data were logarithmically transformed according to the Rasch model to linear measures of performance and confidence. The free response explanations were carefully analysed for accuracy of conceptual understanding. Comparison of these results with raw score data and transformed measures of performance and confidence allowed a re-evaluation of the model developed by Hasan, Bagayoko, and Kelley in 1999 for the detection of alternative conceptions in mechanics. Application of this model to raw score data leads to inaccurate conclusions. However, application of the Hasan hypothesis to transformed measures of performance and confidence resulted in the accurate identification of items plagued by alternative conceptions. This approach also holds promise for the differentiation between over-confidence due to alternative conceptions or due to inadequate problem-solving skills. It could become a valuable tool for instructional design in mechanics. © 2010 Taylor & Francis.	Alternative conceptions; Confidence; Mechanics; Performance; Rasch model	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77955796764	Inaccuracy of self-evaluation as additional variable for prediction of students at risk of failing first-year chemistry	Potgieter M., Ackermann M., Fletcher L.	2010	Chemistry Education Research and Practice	11	1	10.1039/c001042c	Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Statistics, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Potgieter, M., Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Ackermann, M., Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Fletcher, L., Department of Statistics, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Early identification of students at risk of failing first-year chemistry allows timely intervention. Cognitive factors alone are insufficient predictors for success; however, non-cognitive factors are usually difficult to measure. We have explored the use of demographic and performance variables, as well as the accuracy of self-evaluation as an indicator of metacognitive ability, as possible indicators for students at risk of failing the first semester course in General Chemistry (CMY 117) at the University of Pretoria. Variables with a strong correlation with performance in CMY 117 were used to develop a prediction model based on logistic regression. Three variables, i.e. prior performance in mathematics and in physical science, and the extent of overconfidence expressed as the ratio between expected and actual performance in a chemistry pre-test written at the start of the semester, were shown to be significant predictors for risk of failing. The highest overall accuracy of prediction (76%) was obtained for a subset of students with a C or D grade for their high school leaving examination in mathematics when high risk students were defined as those with a final mark for CMY 117 as 51% or lower. The prediction model, based on the model building data set, had a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 46%; whilst the sensitivity and specificity using the validation data set were 88% and 38% respectively. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2010.	Chemistry; Logistic regression; Overconfidence; Prediction; Prediction model; Predictor variables; Self-evaluation; Students at risk of failing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874962807	Preparation and evaluation of cucumeropsis mannii naud. Seed oil metallic soaps as driers in gloss paint	Essien E.A., Umoren S.A., Essien E.E., Udoh A.P.	2012	Journal of Materials and Environmental Science	3	3	None	Department of Chemistry, University of Uyo, P. M. B. 1017, Uyo, Nigeria	Essien, E.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Uyo, P. M. B. 1017, Uyo, Nigeria; Umoren, S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Uyo, P. M. B. 1017, Uyo, Nigeria; Essien, E.E., Department of Chemistry, University of Uyo, P. M. B. 1017, Uyo, Nigeria; Udoh, A.P., Department of Chemistry, University of Uyo, P. M. B. 1017, Uyo, Nigeria	The physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition of Cucumeropsis mannii (egusi, melon) seed oil was determined. Cucumeropsis mannii seed oil was utilized in the preparation of metal soaps of zinc, copper and nickel. The metallic soaps were characterized and applied in gloss paint as driers. The lipid content of C. mannii seed was found to be 57.26 %. The iodine value, saponification value, acid value, free fatty acid, peroxide value, specific gravity and refractive index were determined using standard procedures and values were 114.94 gI2/100g, 220.19 mgKOH/g, 7.09 mgKOH/g, 4.512 %, 20.00 meq/kg, 0.9129 and 1.35 respectively. The seed oil contained palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids, but the most abundant fatty acid is linoleic (64.15 %). Gloss paint was formulated using standard procedure and the metallic soaps were incorporated into the paint as driers. Performance test showed that the metallic soaps acted as a catalyst in the paint matrix, reducing the drying time.	Cucumeropsis mannii; Gloss paint; Linoleic acid; Metallic soaps; Seed oil	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-52649159267	Evaluation of the effect of azo group on the biological activity of 1-(4-Methylphenylazo)-2-naphthol	Mkpenie V., Ebong G., Obot I.B., Abasiekong B.	2008	E-Journal of Chemistry	5	3	None	Department of Chemistry, University of Uyo, P. M. B. 1017, Uyo, Nigeria; Department of Science and Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, P.M.B. 200, Ikot Ekpene, Nigeria	Mkpenie, V., Department of Chemistry, University of Uyo, P. M. B. 1017, Uyo, Nigeria; Ebong, G., Department of Chemistry, University of Uyo, P. M. B. 1017, Uyo, Nigeria; Obot, I.B., Department of Chemistry, University of Uyo, P. M. B. 1017, Uyo, Nigeria; Abasiekong, B., Department of Science and Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, P.M.B. 200, Ikot Ekpene, Nigeria	Azo-2-naphthol and 2-naphthol were tested against five microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus faecalis. 2-Naphthol was slightly active while azo-2-naphthol was highly active against all the bacteria species tested. The presence of azo group contributed more than 60% of the antibacterial activities exhibited by azo-2-naphthol on all the bacteria tested.	2-Naphthol; Antibacterial activity; Azo compound; p-Toluidine	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84876473966	Evaluation of proximate composition, mineral element and anti-nutrient in almond (Terminalia catappa) seeds	Akpakpan A.E., Akpabio U.D.	2012	Research Journal of Applied Sciences	7	9	10.3923/rjasci.2012.489.493	Department of Chemistry, University of Uyo, P.M.B. 1017, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria	Akpakpan, A.E., Department of Chemistry, University of Uyo, P.M.B. 1017, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria; Akpabio, U.D., Department of Chemistry, University of Uyo, P.M.B. 1017, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria	Proximate composition, mineral elements, anti-nutrients (toxicants) and lipid characteristics were determined for almond {Terminalia catappa) seeds. The results obtained showed the proximate composition of 25.23% moisture; 5.00% ash; 32.73% lipid; 33.66% crude fibre; 3.11% crude protein; 25.47% carbohydrate and caloric value 534.200 kcal. Mineral elements determined were P, Na, K, Fe, Mg and Ca while the anti-nutrients evaluated were hydrogen cyanide, oxalate and tannin. Almond seed oil was also characterized. The chemical properties of the oil showed that the oil contain high sapomfication value with low iodine value hence the oil is not recommended for soap making but is recommended for cosmetics industries. © Medwell Journals, 2012.	Almond seed; Anti-nutrients; Mineral elements; Oil characteristic; Proximate composition	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84871398016	Cystatin C-based evaluation of kidney function of HIV-infected children in Benin City, Southern Nigeria	Abiodun M.T., Iduoriyekemwen N.J., Abiodun P.O.	2012	International Journal of Nephrology	2012	None	10.1155/2012/861296	Department of Child Health, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin 300001, Nigeria	Abiodun, M.T., Department of Child Health, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin 300001, Nigeria; Iduoriyekemwen, N.J., Department of Child Health, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin 300001, Nigeria; Abiodun, P.O., Department of Child Health, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin 300001, Nigeria	Background. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is now a confirmed risk factor for kidney disease with an increased burden in persons of African descent. Method. We measured the serum cystatin C levels of 205 ART-naive, HIV-infected children by an ELISA technique and compared them with the levels of apparently healthy children. Result. The mean ± SD serum cystatin C level of children with HIV infection was 1.01 ± 0.44 mg/L, significantly higher than the mean value in the control group, that is, 0.72 ± 0.20 mg/L (P=0.000). The mean ± SD cystatin C-based estimated GFR of children with HIV infection was 102.7 ± 31.0 mL/min/1.73 m2, significantly lower than 126.9 ± 28.5 mL/min/1.73 m2 in the control group, (P=0.014). A significantly higher proportion of HIV-infected children compared to controls had eGFR &lt; 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 (21.5% versus 5.4%; P=0.00). The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among the HIV-infected children was 10.7%. The cystatin C-based eGFR of the HIV-infected children ≥5 years old correlated positively with their CD4 count (r=0.23; P=0.022). Conclusion. There is a high prevalence of CKD among HIV-infected children, requiring regular monitoring of their kidney function using a cystatin C-based method. © 2012 Moses Temidayo Abiodun et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84882996014	Use of volcanic ash and its impact on algae proliferation in drinking water filtration	Mpagi K.H., Rose K., Elzbieta P.	2013	Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development	3	2	10.2166/washdev.2013.080	Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; External Services, National Water and Sewerage Corporation, P.O. Box 7053, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Land and Water Resources Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Brinellvägen 32, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden	Mpagi, K.H., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; Rose, K., External Services, National Water and Sewerage Corporation, P.O. Box 7053, Kampala, Uganda; Elzbieta, P., Department of Land and Water Resources Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Brinellvägen 32, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden	With increasing pollution of the available water resources, development of safe drinking water supplies is increasingly becoming a challenge, both for developing and developed countries. To alleviate the prevailing difficulties, approaches should focus on sustainable water supply and treatment systems that require minimal maintenance and operator skills. In this study, a pre-treatment of water containing algae using a combination of volcanic ash (VA) and sand in a filtration system was assessed. The results indicated that a combination of VA and sand performed better in the removal of algae than sand alone. However, it was noted that different algae genera were removed at different rates within the two types of media arrangement. In addition, there was an increase in the filtration run length of the ash-sand columns with VA on top of sand of about two and half times compared with the sand columns. It is therefore anticipated that pre-treatment of raw water laden with algae using ash-sand would probably improve on the performance of the subsequent conventional processes in removing intact cells of algae and thus reduce the threat of releasing toxins into the water that may not be removed by the subsequent conventional treatment processes. © IWA Publishing 2013.	Algae; Drinking water; Filtration; Intact cells; Pre-treatment; Volcanic ash	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84882992145	In-home performance and variability of Biosand filters treating turbid surface and rain water in rural Kenya	McKenzie E.R., Jenkins M.W., Tiwari S.-S.K., Darby J., Saenyi W., Gichaba C.M.	2013	Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development	3	2	10.2166/washdev.2013.050	Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, United States; Trussell Technologies, Inc., 232 North Lake Ave, Pasadena, CA 91101, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Egerton University, Njoro, Kenya; Department of Geology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya	McKenzie, E.R., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, United States; Jenkins, M.W., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, United States; Tiwari, S.-S.K., Trussell Technologies, Inc., 232 North Lake Ave, Pasadena, CA 91101, United States; Darby, J., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, United States; Saenyi, W., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Egerton University, Njoro, Kenya; Gichaba, C.M., Department of Geology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya	Thirty low-income Kenyan households using turbid river and relatively cleaner rain water participated in a 6 month in-home Biosand filter (BSF) performance study comprised of surveys and monthly monitoring of BSF influent and effluent water for turbidity and fecal coliforms (FC). River-river (influent-effluent) sample pairs (n = 155; 90% of observations) resulted in average BSF instantaneous FC and turbidity removals of 1.41 log10 (96.1%) and 32.5%, respectively. Cumulative distributions of influent and effluent quality demonstrated unambiguous improvement of river water but rain water improvement was limited and less reliable. Filter performance varied considerably within and across units. A hierarchical set of hypothesized factors affecting filter bacterial performance variability was assessed. BSF effluent FCs were positively correlated with influent (flush water) FCs and influent and effluent turbidity, and negatively correlated with turbidity applied to-date and days since maintenance. Interrupted use and moving the BSF negatively impacted effluent quality. Households with children age 6-10 collecting BSF filtered drinking water, or with more members, had higher effluent FCs. BSFs fed only river water performed better, on average, than mixed-source filters. Implications for BSF implementation in developing countries are discussed, including aqueous chemistry aspects of performance. © IWA Publishing 2013.	Aqueous chemistry; Bacteria removal; Fecal coliform; Household water treatment; Multivariate modeling; Point-of-use; Socio-economic status; Turbidity; Water hardness	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70349392594	Markovian probabilistic pavement performance prediction models for a developing country	Adedimila A.S., Olutaiwo A.O., Kehinde O.	2009	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	4	1	None	Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria	Adedimila, A.S., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Olutaiwo, A.O., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Kehinde, O., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria	The research presented here is a part of a simplified Pavement Information and Management System (PIMS) constructed for a typical developing country. Pavement deterioration modeling based on historical record of the objective function (performance) variation with age (time) requires regular measurement of the condition rating of pavement sections over a period of some years. Based on the generated model curves using historical data, future condition rating could then be predicted. In the absence of such information and record in the country (Nigeria), such method cannot be used and the alternative is to use probabilistic modeling. With the aid of Matlab and Visual Basic application software, three models were developed to generate pavement deterioration profiles, accruable user costs and intervention maintenance costs. The developed models were applied to a case study road. The results proved that timely intervention to maintain pavements at appropriate times will significantly reduce the overall expenditure for both the road users and the government. This was also attested to by the results of the benefit-cost analysis carried out. © Medwell Journals, 2009.	Benefit-cost; Pavement deterioration; Probabilistic modeling; User costs	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893853810	Flexural performance of foam concrete containing pulverized bone as partial replacement of cement	Falade F., Ikponmwosa E., Fapohunda C.	2014	Maejo International Journal of Science and Technology	8	1	None	Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Building, Caleb University, Imota, Lagos, Nigeria	Falade, F., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Ikponmwosa, E., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Fapohunda, C., Department of Building, Caleb University, Imota, Lagos, Nigeria	This paper presents the results of a study conducted to investigate the flexural behaviour of foam concrete containing pulverised bone as partial replacement of cement.A total of sixty reinforced beams (150×150×750 mm) were used to investigate the flexural behaviour of the specimens. For reinforcement of the beams, hot-rolled, deformed 10-mm-diameter bars with yield and ultimate stresses of 478.10 N/mm2 and 710.81 N/mm2 respectively were used. The cement constituent of the mix was partly replaced with up to 20% of pulverised bone. The flexural parameters investigated are crack formation and its pattern, failure mode, ultimate load, theoretical and experimental ultimate moments, deflection and stiffness. From the results of this investigation, it is concluded that the provision of the design standard in relation to shear and flexural design of beams can be considered as adequate for the design of reinforced foam concrete. It is further concluded that the stiffness is not affected by the inclusion of pulverised bone in the mix at up to 15% cement replacement level, and neither is the deflection pattern of the uncracked sections of the specimens affected by the inclusion of pulverised bone. The bending moments of the specimens, however, decreased with increase in pulverised bone. © 2014 by Maejo University, San Sai, Chiang Mai, 50290 Thailand.	Cement; Flexural strength; Foam concrete; Pulverised bone	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953514020	Groundwater overdraft and the impact of artificial recharge on groundwater quality in a cone of depression, Jining, China	Ong'or B.T.I., Long-Cang S.	2009	Water International	34	4	10.1080/02508060903377619	Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega, Kenya; College of Water Resources and Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China	Ong'or, B.T.I., Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega, Kenya; Long-Cang, S., College of Water Resources and Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China	Groundwater overdraft has led to cone of depression formation in Jining City, China. This paper investigates spatial groundwater overdraft severity by an index and Geographic Information System (GIS) method, and impact of artificial recharge on groundwater quality, by a 3-D groundwater flow finite difference numerical model code MODFLOW, and a solute transport model code MT3D. Hydrogeological and anthropogenic factors were evaluated. Groundwater concentration of chloride ions and total hardness (THD) as a result of artificial recharge were evaluated. The hydro-geochemical formation of the aquifer and recharge water quality greatly impact the groundwater quality. The recharge water must be within high groundwater quality standards. © 2009 International Water Resources Association.	Artificial recharge; China; Geographic Information System; Groundwater overdraft; Groundwater quality; MODFLOW	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84906673266	Evaluation of combined pareto multiobjective differential evolution on tuneable problems	Adeyemo J.A., Olofintoye O.O.	2014	International Journal of Simulation Modelling	13	3	10.2507/IJSIMM13(3)2.264	Department of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa	Adeyemo, J.A., Department of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa; Olofintoye, O.O., Department of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa	Many optimization problems in engineering involve the satisfaction of multiple objectives within the limits of certain constraints. Methods of evolutionary multi-objective algorithms (EMOAs) have been proposed and applied to solve such problems. Recently, a combined Pareto multi-objective differential evolution (CPMDE) algorithm was proposed. The algorithm combines Pareto selection procedures for multi-objective differential evolution to implement a novel selection scheme. The ability of CPMDE in solving unconstrained, constrained and real optimization problems was demonstrated and competitive results obtained from the application of CPMDE suggest that it is a good alternative for solving multi-objective optimization problems. In this work, CPMDE is further tested using tuneable multi-objective test problems and applied to solve a real world engineering design problem. Results obtained herein further corroborate the efficacy of CPMDE in multi-objective optimization.	Constraints; Differential evolution; Evolutionary algorithms; Multi-objective optimization; Tuneable test beds	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84883262182	Evaluation of rutting models using reliability for mechanistic-empirical design of flexible pavement	Murana A.A., Olowosulu A.T.	2012	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	7	2	10.3923/jeasci.2012.123.127	Department of Civil Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Kaduna State, Zaria, Nigeria	Murana, A.A., Department of Civil Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Kaduna State, Zaria, Nigeria; Olowosulu, A.T., Department of Civil Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Kaduna State, Zaria, Nigeria	Monte Carlo simulation has proven to be an effective means of incorporating reliability analysis into the M-E design process for flexible pavements. This research aimed at providing most appropriate Pavement Performance Distress Model for the prediction of pavement rutting life for pavement analysis and design in Nigeria. Mechanistic-Empirical simulation analysis based on some reliability levels in comparison with existing ones was carried out. Seven rutting distress models were evaluated for Nigerian environment. Monte Carlo simulation cycles was set at 2,200 threshold to provide sufficient repeatability for a damage reliability relationship. The results from the parametric study demonstrated that the Indian Rutting Distress Model shows the highest promise in terms of development and quick prediction for pavement reliability with the Nigerian environment. © Medwell Journals, 2012.	Mechanistic-empirical; Monte Carlo; Nigeria; Pavement distress; Reliability; Rutting	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84876378203	Optimization of pollution control performance of wet detention ponds in tropical urban catchments using particle swarm optimization	Dan'Azumi S., Shamsudin S., Aris A.	2013	Journal of Hydroinformatics	15	2	10.2166/hydro.2012.206	Department of Civil Engineering, Bayero University Kano, PMB 3011, Kano, Nigeria; Razak School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysi	Dan'Azumi, S., Department of Civil Engineering, Bayero University Kano, PMB 3011, Kano, Nigeria, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia; Shamsudin, S., Razak School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Aris, A., Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia	Wet detention ponds are the best management systems for the control of urban stormwater. The objective of this study is to develop optimum pollution control performance of wet detention ponds using an analytical probabilistic model (APM) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). An urban catchment, in a tropical region, was selected as a case study and APM parameters were developed using long-term rainfall data. Firstly, the active storage was kept constant while the permanent pool was varied and PSO simulations conducted. Secondly, PSO simulations were conducted, keeping the permanent pool constant and varying the active storage. The pollution control increased with increasing detention time, reached a peak value and thereafter declined. However, the pollution control was more sensitive to permanent pool than active storage as higher pollution control is attained at a shorter time using the former. The PSO captures the optimum detention time and the corresponding peak pollution control performance by five iterations and the computational time required for the PSO is much shorter than the APM which has to be exhaustively enumerated. The optimum detention time in tropical climates is found to be shorter than temperate regions and recommendations given in existing literature cannot be applied to tropical regions. © IWA Publishing 2013.	Active storage; Detention pond; Particle swarm optimization; Permanent pool; Pollution control; Wet pond	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78650973080	Performance of laterite-cement blocks as walling units in relation to sandcrete blocks	Aguwa J.I.	2010	Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies	9	16	None	Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria	Aguwa, J.I., Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria	A study of the performance of laterite-cement blocks as walling materials in relation to those of sandcrete was conducted, for the purpose of establishing a cheaper building material in Minna, Niger state, Nigeria and surrounding towns, in the present ever increasing cost of building material. An A-2-6 laterite according to the AASHTO classification system was stabilized with 0-10% cement content by weight of the soil at a constant interval of 2% to produce 20 blocks of size 100mm × 100mm × 100mm for each mix. One hundred laterite-cement blocks were produced, cured under laboratory conditions and subjected to compressive strength test at 7, 14, 21, and 28-days of age, in five applications for each cement mix ratio. The average compressive strength was determined from five blocks crushed in each mix at every age of curing and the same procedure was repeated using sandcrete blocks. At a common cement content of 6%, the compressive strengths, densities, water absorption and the cost per square metre of wall for both types of blocks were determined. The study recommends the use of lateritecement blocks as walling materials in Minna and environs because it has better engineering properties and more economical with a saving of 30% per square metre of wall when compared with the use of sandcrete blocks.	Blocks; Laterite-cement; Mix; Performance; Sandcrete; Walling-units	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78650972067	Evaluation of changes in index properties of lateritic soil stabilized with fly ash	Amadi A.	2010	Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies	9	17	None	Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 65, Minna, Nigeria	Amadi, A., Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 65, Minna, Nigeria	For soils to be suitable in civil engineering projects, they must meet existing local requirements for index properties in addition to certain strength criteria. Typically, specifications limit these properties to some threshold values which in most cases are project specific. Some lateritic soils in their natural state need some treatment/modification to meet these specification requirements. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the index properties (i.e., particle size distribution, Atterberg limits and compaction characteristics) of a residually derived lateritic soil following fly ash application. Lateritic soil - fly ash mixtures with up to 20% fly ash by dry weight of soil were tested and specimens for compaction characteristics were prepared at different compaction states (optimum, dry and wet of optimum moisture content) and compacted using British Standard Light (BSL) compactive effort. While soil - fly ash mixtures containing up to 15% fly ash classify as CL according to USCS classification system and plotted above Aline in the plasticity chart, it was observed that changes in the gradation characteristics of soil sample treated with 20% fly ash resulted in the alteration of its classification to ML as well as the crossing of the A- line to the silty region. The liquid limit (LL) varied from 42.2 to 29.53% representin 70% reduction while the plasticity index (PI) of specimen treated with 20% fly ash was 16% lower than that of natural soil. The optimum moisture content (OMC) ranged from 17.36% for the natural soil to 18.34% for soil mixtures containing 20% fly ash which yielded dry unit weight of 17.2kN/m3 for the natural soil and 16.1kN/m3 for samples treated with 20% fly ash. From the study, useful data were obtained showing substantial and desirable changes in the properties of lateritic soil as a civil engineering material on application of fly ash. © 2010 by the authors.	Fly ash; Index properties; Lateritic soil; Plasticity; Stabilization	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79953888375	Evaluation of concrete margin: Case study of concrete produced in akure, Nigeria	Arum C., Adu O.T.	2011	European Journal of Scientific Research	50	4	None	Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Nigeria; Ondo State Ministry of Works and Transport, Akure, Nigeria	Arum, C., Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Nigeria; Adu, O.T., Ondo State Ministry of Works and Transport, Akure, Nigeria	This research assessed the quality of concrete produced at various sites in Akure, Nigeria with a view to determining its current margin. For this purpose, Akure metropolis was mapped into seven zones based on the magnitude of the on-going building construction activities. In each of the sites that emerged, standard concrete cubes of 150x150x150mm dimension were cast from supposed 1:2:4 nominal mixes prepared for each of the major structural elements (columns, beams, and slabs). All the concrete cubes were cured, and at the standard maturity age of 28 days, they were crushed for compressive strength. The statistics of the mean strengths and standard deviations, as well as the concrete margin were computed. The results of the investigation revealed the statistical parameters for concrete produced at various sites in Akure metropolis to be: computed characteristic strength - 14N/mm2, standard deviation - 2.5N/mm2, and concrete margin - 4.1N/mm 2 The implication is that the current practice of specifying 21 N/mm2 by concrete designers for concrete with nominal mix ratio 1:2:4 produced from normal sand and granite aggregates is rather ambitious under the current local concrete practice condition. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2011.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84922767480	Evaluation of residual strength and liquefaction potential of pond ash	Mohanty B., Kumar P.E.A., Patra N.R., Chandra S.	2010	International Journal of Geotechnical Engineering	4	4	10.3328/IJGE.2010.04.04.483-493	Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India; Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India; School of Civil Engineering, Surveying and Construction, University of Kwazal-Natal, Durban, South Africa	Mohanty, B., Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India; Kumar, P.E.A., Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India; Patra, N.R., Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India; Chandra, S., School of Civil Engineering, Surveying and Construction, University of Kwazal-Natal, Durban, South Africa	Liquefaction potential of pond ash obtained from the ash pond located at Panki Thermal Power Station, Kanpur, India is evaluated by laboratory static triaxial tests and standard penetration tests (SPT) up to a depth of 20 m. Residual strength approach by Norris et al. (1997) has been used to study the residual state characteristics of remolded ash samples. Consolidated rebounded drained triaxial tests with volume change measurements are performed on the remolded ash samples with three relative densities of 30%, 50% and 75%. The results obtained are compared with the stress-controlled consolidated undrained triaxial test, the method reported by Poulos et al. (1985). It is observed that the liquefaction behaviour can be predicted for 30% relative density within the strain levels. The steady state line obtained from laboratory experiments is compared with the model reported by Cubrinovski and Ishihara (2000). The liquefaction potential based on penetration data is evaluated by the model proposed by Seed et al. (1983). J. Ross Publishing, Inc. © 2010	Liquefaction potential; Pond ash; Residual strength; Standard penetration test; Static triaxial test	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940876199	Evaluation of landfill cover design options for waste disposal sites in the coastal regions of Ghana	Keelson K.B.	2015	International Journal of Engineering and Technology Innovation	5	1	None	Department of Civil Engineering, Kaaf University College, Accra, Ghana	Keelson, K.B., Department of Civil Engineering, Kaaf University College, Accra, Ghana	Uncontrolled leachate generation from operational and closed waste disposal sites is a major environmental concern in the coastal regions of Ghana which have abundant surface water and groundwater resources. The Ghana Landfill Guidelines requires the provision of a final cover or capping system as part of a final closure plan for waste disposal sites in the country as a means of minimizing the harmful environmental effects of these emissions. However, this technical manual does not provide explicit guidance on the material types or configuration for landfill covers that would be suitable for the different climatic conditions in the country. Four landfill cover options which are based on the USEPA RCRA-type and evapotranspirative landfill cover design specifications were evaluated with the aid of the HELP computer program to determine their suitability for waste disposal sites located in the Western, Central and Greater Accra regions. The RCRA Subtitle C cover which yielded flux rates of less than 0.001 mm/yr was found to be suitable for the specific climatic conditions. The RCRA Subtitle D cover was determined to be unsuitable due to the production of very large flux rates in excess of 200 mm/yr. The results for the anisotropic barrier and capillary barrier covers were inconclusive. Recommendations for further study include a longer simulation period as well the study of the combined effects of different topsoil vegetative conditions and evaporative zone depths on the landfill water balance. The use of other water balance models such as EPIC, HYDRUS-2D and UNSAT-H for the evaluation of the evapotranspirative landfill cover design options should also be considered. © TAETI.	Ghana; Groundwater; HELP model; Landfill cover; Leachate; Waste disposal	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-55249096499	Lansat images for assessment of the impact of land use and land cover changes on the Barekese catchment in Ghana	Boakye E., Odai S.N., Adjei K.A., Annor F.O.	2008	European Journal of Scientific Research	21	4	None	Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi, Kumasi, Ashanti Region, Ghana	Boakye, E., Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi, Kumasi, Ashanti Region, Ghana; Odai, S.N., Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi, Kumasi, Ashanti Region, Ghana; Adjei, K.A., Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi, Kumasi, Ashanti Region, Ghana; Annor, F.O., Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi, Kumasi, Ashanti Region, Ghana	This paper describes assessment of the land use and land cover changes in the Barekese catchment of Ghana. The Barekese catchment forms part of the Offin River catchment which flows through the catchment before eventually feeding into the Barekese reservoir. Because of the economic importance of the reservoir, the Barekese catchment has been earmarked and reserved for the protection and development of the water resource. However increasing siltation in the reservoir has been attributed to land use and land cover changes in the catchment due to encroachment. LandSat TM images of 1973, 1986 and 2000 were analyzed using Erdas Imagine software and ArcGIS. A total of five broad land use and land cover classes were identified and mapped for 1973, 1986 and 2000. These were forest (close), open forest, grasslands, water bodies and open areas/towns. The results of the analysis showed that between 1973 and 2000, forest decreased by about 43%, open forest decreased by about 32%, while grassland and open areas/towns increased by about 700% and 1000%, respectively. The study identified population growth, timber logging and lack of proper education as causes of the changes in land use and land cover in the catchment area. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2008.	Barekese catchment; Ghana; Land cover change; Land use change; LandSat TM image	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-55249126424	Landsat images for assessment of the impact of land use and land cover changes on the Barekese catchment in Ghana	Boakye E., Odai S.N., Adjei K.A., Annor F.O.	2008	European Journal of Scientific Research	22	2	None	Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Boakye, E., Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Odai, S.N., Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Adjei, K.A., Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Annor, F.O., Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	This paper describes assessment of the land use and land cover changes in the Barekese catchment of Ghana. The Barekese catchment forms part of the Offin River catchment which flows through the catchment before eventually feeding into the Barekese reservoir. Because of the economic importance of the reservoir, the Barekese catchment has been earmarked and reserved for the protection and development of the water resource. However increasing siltation in the reservoir has been attributed to land use and land cover changes in the catchment due to encroachment. LandSat TM images of 1973, 1986 and 2000 were analyzed using Erdas Imagine software and ArcGIS. A total of five broad land use and land cover classes were identified and mapped for 1973, 1986 and 2000. These were forest (close), open forest, grasslands, water bodies and open areas/towns. The results of the analysis showed that between 1973 and 2000, forest decreased by about 43%, open forest decreased by about 32%, while grassland and open areas/towns increased by about 700% and 1000%, respectively. The study identified population growth, timber logging and lack of proper education as causes of the changes in land use and land cover in the catchment area. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2008.	Barekese catchment; Ghana; Land cover change; Land use change; LandSat TM image	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867267428	Evaluation of water management plans in the Ameki and Nanka aquifer domains of part of the Anambra Basin, Nigeria	Adegbola A.A., Agbede O.A.	2012	International Journal of Applied Engineering Research	7	2	None	Department of Civil Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Adegbola, A.A., Department of Civil Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Agbede, O.A., Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Groundwater is one of the earth's most widely distributed and most important resources. It is more widely and easily available than surface water, relatively unpolluted in most cases, and safe for human consumption. As groundwater development intensifies, well owners become more interested in the response of aquifers to heavy pumping, whereas initially they were concerned with the delineation and exploration of aquifers. Competition for available resources has brought about the concept of optimization of aquifer-potentials and their response to development, as inevitable tools for effective groundwater exploration and exploitation. The calibrated Ameki and Nanka ground-water flow models were used to simulate the potential effect of water-management plans on hydraulic heads and ground-water movement in the Ameki and Nanka domains. The Ameki and Nanka formation were optimized by incorporating the MODFLOW Finite Difference Groundwater Flow Model into a Groundwater Management (GWM) linear optimization program. For this purpose, each of the problem domains/aquifers was sub-divided into cells based on the number of observation wells. The Ameki formation was treated as a five-cell model while the Nanka aquifer was divided into a seven-cell model. The total water demand, D, was projected using a population growth rate of 2.5%/year, firstly from the base year to year-2005, and then year-2030, for the aquifers within the study area, using the Nigerian 1991 population census figures as the baseline. This projection was calibrated with the population figures obtained from the Petroleum Trust Fund (PTF) sponsored feasibility studies report on Provision of Rural Water Supply for Anambra State, which were found to be in close agreement. The aquifers were assumed to be homogenous and replenished from precipitation at a rate of 2005 mm/yr. The average cost of pumping and conveyance of water to the consumers, in each case, was assumed to be 1.5MU/m 3. The permissible drawdown in Observation Wells 'A' to 'E' varied from 8.80m to 23.00m at a minimized optimal cost of pumping of 36.09 × 10 6 MU/yr in the Ameki Groundwater Management Model, while for the Nanka Management Model, the permissible drawdown in Observation Wells 'A' to 'G' varied between 15.10m to 19.50m at a minimized cost of pumping of 22.40 × 10 6MU/yr. The Ameki and Nanka aquifer domains could support drafts of 24.06 Mm 3/yr and 14.93 Mm 3/yr respectively, without violating the lower limit constraints on water levels. © Research India Publications.	Conveyance; Domains; Minimization; Monetary unit (MU); Optimization	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-65449139504	Daily soil cover: A preliminary study of its impact on the landfill of municipal solid waste	Oni O.A.	2009	Journal of Applied Sciences Research	5	4	None	Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ado Ekiti, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria; Prowork Ltd., 13 Newman Street, Southampton SO16 4FL, United Kingdom	Oni, O.A., Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ado Ekiti, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria, Prowork Ltd., 13 Newman Street, Southampton SO16 4FL, United Kingdom	The changes in the hydro-physical properties of a municipal solid waste (MSW) fill owing to an intermediate soil layer were studied. Key parameters, including dry density, drainable porosity, and saturated hydraulic conductivity of waste samples with and without an intermediate soil layer were measured in conventional test cells under increasing overburden stresses. Ravelling of the soil grains (SG = 2.65) into the underlying waste layer, estimated to be up to 50%, appeared to increase the density of the waste fill, in effect, decreasing its permeability. The waste-only fill was more permeable than waste incorporating a soil cover; however, this reduced with increased vertical stress applied to the fills. The measured and calculated values of the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the composite layered fill differed up to a factor of 100 at low vertical stresses. The moisture routing, undertaken with a modifie d Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill Performance (HELP) model, suggests that the use of daily cover soil may reduce leachate drainage, thus increasing the degree of moisture saturation in waste fills. Further, waste fills with daily cover may drain leachate for a longer time and require closer spacing of basal drains. However, appropriate use of daily cover soil was found to benefit the sustainable practice of MSW landfilling. © 2009, INSInet Publication.	Cover soil; Density; Modified HELP model; Municipal solid waste; Saturated hydraulic conductivity; Simulation; Soil mechanics	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78650983013	Performance of recycled asphalt pavement as coarse aggregate in concrete	Okafor F.O.	2010	Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies	9	17	None	Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Okafor, F.O., Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) is the reclaimed and reprocessed pavement material containing asphalt and aggregate. Most RAP is recycled back into pavements, and as a result there is a general lack of data pertaining to the mechanical properties for RAP in other possible applications such as Portland cement concrete. In the present study, some mechanical properties of Portland cement concrete containing RAP as coarse aggregate were investigated in the laboratory. Six concrete mixes of widely differing water/cement ratios and mix proportions were made using RAP as coarse aggregate. The properties tested include the physical properties of the RAP aggregate, the compressive and flexural strengths of the concrete. These properties were compared with those of similar concretes made with natural gravel aggregate. Results of the tests suggest that the strength of concrete made from RAP is dependent on the bond strength of the "asphalt-mortar" (asphalt binder-sand-filler matrix) coatings on the aggregates and may not produce concrete with compressive strength above 25 MPa. However, for middle and low strength concrete, the material was found to compare favorably with natural gravel aggregate. © 2010 by the authors.	Asphalt-mortar; Compressive strength; Concrete; Flexural strength; Portland cement; Recycled asphalt	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874388317	The impact of rheology on the mechanical performance of steel Fiber-Reinforced concrete	van Zijl G.P.A.G., Zeranka S.	2012	RILEM Bookseries	2	None	10.1007/978-94-007-2436-5_8	Department of Civil Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	van Zijl, G.P.A.G., Department of Civil Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa; Zeranka, S., Department of Civil Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	Fibers are added to concrete to bridge cracks, in order to improve mechanical behavior from brittle to pseudo-plastic. Uniform dispersion of fibers is known to be critical, to avoid weak planes and the influence of self-compacting ability of fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) on fiber dispersion has been studied and reported in the literature to some extent. A self-compacting (SCFRC) and a normal workability FRC (NFRC) was designed and tested systematically. Indirect assessment of fiber dispersion and orientation was performed by mechanical testing on small specimens, to study the influence on mechanical performance. The results show superiority of SCFRC in flexure. © RILEM 2012.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84920076341	Hydrological impacts of urbanization of two catchments in Harare, Zimbabwe	Gumindoga W., Rientjes T., Shekede M.D., Rwasoka D.T., Nhapi I., Haile A.T.	2014	Remote Sensing	6	12	10.3390/rs61212544	Department of Civil Engineering, University of Zimbabwe, Box MP 167, Harare, Zimbabwe; Department of Water Resources, Faculty of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, P.O. Box 6, AA Enschede, Netherlands; Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe; Upper Manyame Subcatchment Council, Harare, Zimbabwe; Department of Environmental Engineering, Chinhoyi University of Technology, P. Bag 772, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe; International Water Management Institute (IWMI), P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Gumindoga, W., Department of Civil Engineering, University of Zimbabwe, Box MP 167, Harare, Zimbabwe, Department of Water Resources, Faculty of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, P.O. Box 6, AA Enschede, Netherlands; Rientjes, T., Department of Water Resources, Faculty of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, P.O. Box 6, AA Enschede, Netherlands; Shekede, M.D., Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe; Rwasoka, D.T., Upper Manyame Subcatchment Council, Harare, Zimbabwe; Nhapi, I., Department of Environmental Engineering, Chinhoyi University of Technology, P. Bag 772, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe; Haile, A.T., International Water Management Institute (IWMI), P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	By increased rural-urban migration in many African countries, the assessment of changes in catchment hydrologic responses due to urbanization is critical for water resource planning and management. This paper assesses hydrological impacts of urbanization on two medium-sized Zimbabwean catchments (Mukuvisi and Marimba) for which changes in land cover by urbanization were determined through Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images for the years 1986, 1994 and 2008. Impact assessments were done through hydrological modeling by a topographically driven rainfall-runoff model (TOPMODEL). A satellite remote sensing based ASTER 30 metre Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was used to compute the Topographic Index distribution, which is a key input to the model. Results of land cover classification indicated that urban areas increased by more than 600 % in the Mukuvisi catchment and by more than 200 % in the Marimba catchment between 1986 and 2008. Woodlands decreased by more than 40% with a greater decrease in Marimba than Mukuvisi catchment. Simulations using TOPMODEL in Marimba and Mukuvisi catchments indicated streamflow increases of 84.8 % and 73.6 %, respectively, from 1980 to 2010. These increases coincided with decreases in woodlands and increases in urban areas for the same period. The use of satellite remote sensing data to observe urbanization trends in semi-arid catchments and to represent catchment land surface characteristics proved to be effective for rainfall-runoff modeling. Findings of this study are of relevance for many African cities, which are experiencing rapid urbanization but often lack planning and design. © 2014 by the authors.	Rainfall; Remote sensing; Runoff; TOPMODEL; Urbanization	None	NASA, National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Scopus	2-s2.0-84934268539	Assessment of knowledge, interventional practices for, and impact of malaria in pregnancy among parturient women in a Nigerian tertiary healthcare facility	Obieche A.O., Enato E.F.O., Ande A.B.A.	2015	Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	14	6	10.4314/tjpr.v14i6.24	Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria	Obieche, A.O., Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Enato, E.F.O., Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Ande, A.B.A., Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria	Purpose: To assess knowledge of and intervention for malaria in pregnancy among immediate postpartum women, as well as the impact of malaria on some specific birth outcomes. Methods: A cross-sectional study in which 358 immediate postpartum women were recruited in the labour and maternity wards of University Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria. Information on demographics, knowledge of malaria, and utilization of malaria interventions were assessed. Immediately after expulsion of placentae, both maternal and placental blood samples were collected from a subset (236) of the study group for parasitaemia and haematocrit determination. Results: The mean age of the women was 29.5 ± 4.55 years. Poor knowledge of adverse effects of malaria during pregnancy was observed. Using an arbitrary scale, low, average and high knowledge of malaria were recorded in 22.4, 50.3 and 27.3% of the respondents, respectively. Use of insecticide-treated net (ITN) was reported by 48.9, 19.1 and 14.3% of women with high, average and low knowledge of malaria respectively (p = 0.004) while there was no statistical difference in the use of sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) among the different levels of knowledge of malaria as its practice was reported by 61, 70 and 78.7% of women with high, average, and low knowledge of malaria, respectively, (p = 0.078). Incidence rates of parasitaemia of 4.0, 1.6 and 6.25% were obtained using peripheral microscopy, placental microscopy and peripheral rapid diagnostic test (RDT), respectively. Maternal infection was significantly associated with low birth weight (p = 0.020, peripheral microscopy; p = 0.020, placental microscopy) and maternal anaemia (p = 0.009, peripheral microscopy; p = 0.000, peripheral RDT). Conclusion: Knowledge gap still exists with regard to malaria and its interventions among mothers. Knowledge of malaria significantly influences the use of insecticide-treated bed nets. The negative impact of malaria infection during pregnancy is maternal anaemia and low birth weight infants. © Pharmacotherapy Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, 300001 Nigeria. All rights reserved.	Insecticide-treated bed nets; Low birth weight; Malaria in pregnancy; Maternal anaemia	None	None
None	None	Impact of an electronic clinical decision support system on workflow in antenatal care: The QUALMAT eCDSS in rural health care facilities in Ghana and Tanzania	Mensah N., Sukums F., Awine T., Meid A., Williams J., Akweongo P., Kaltschmidt J., Haefeli W.E., Blank A.	2015	Global Health Action	8	1	10.3402/gha.v8.25756	Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Navrongo Health Research Centre, Navrongo, Ghana; Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Directorate of Information and Communication Technology, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania; School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon Accra, Ghana	Mensah, N., Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany, Navrongo Health Research Centre, Navrongo, Ghana; Sukums, F., Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Directorate of Information and Communication Technology, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania; Awine, T., Navrongo Health Research Centre, Navrongo, Ghana; Meid, A., Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Williams, J., Navrongo Health Research Centre, Navrongo, Ghana; Akweongo, P., School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon Accra, Ghana; Kaltschmidt, J., Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Haefeli, W.E., Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Blank, A., Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany	Background: The implementation of new technology can interrupt establishedworkflows in health care settings. The Quality of Maternal Care (QUALMAT) project has introduced an electronic clinical decision support system (eCDSS) for antenatal care (ANC) and delivery in rural primary health care facilities in Africa. Objective: This study was carried out to investigate the influence of the QUALMAT eCDSS on the workflow of health care workers in rural primary health care facilities in Ghana and Tanzania. Design: A direct observation, time-and-motion study on ANC processes was conducted using a structured data sheet with predefined major task categories. The duration and sequence of tasks performed during ANC visits were observed, and changes after the implementation of the eCDSS were analyzed. Results: In 24 QUALMAT study sites, 214 observations of ANC visits (144 in Ghana, 70 in Tanzania) were carried out at baseline and 148 observations (104 in Ghana, 44 in Tanzania) after the software was implemented in 12 of those sites. The median time spent combined for all centers in both countries to provide ANC at baseline was 6.5 min [interquartile range (IQR) = 4.0-10.6]. Although the time spent on ANC increased in Tanzania and Ghana after the eCDSS implementation as compared to baseline, overall there was no significant increase in time used for ANC activities (0.51 min, p = 0.06 in Ghana; and 0.54 min, p = 0.26 in Tanzania) as compared to the control sites without the eCDSS. The percentage of medical history taking in women who had subsequent examinations increased after eCDSS implementation from 58.2% (39/67) to 95.3% (61/64) p < 0.001 in Ghana but not in Tanzania [from 65.4% (17/26) to 71.4% (15/21) p = 0.70]. Conclusions: The QUALMAT eCDSS does not increase the time needed for ANC but partly streamlined workflow at sites in Ghana, showing the potential of such a system to influence quality of care positively. © 2015 Nathan Mensah et al.	Antenatal care; Developing countries; Electronic clinical decision support system; Health care providers; Rural setting; Sequence of events; Sub-Saharan Africa; Workflow	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873831726	Nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy impacts artesunate and dihydroartemisinin disposition in HIV-infected Nigerian adults	Fehintola F.A., Scarsi K.K., Ma Q., Parikh S., Morse G.D., Taiwo B., Akinola I.T., Adewole I.F., Lindegardh N., Phakderaj A., Ojengbede O., Murphy R.L., Akinyinka O.O., Aweeka F.T.	2012	AIDS Research and Treatment	2012	None	10.1155/2012/703604	Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Division of Infectious Diseases, Center for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60614, United States; Department o	Fehintola, F.A., Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Scarsi, K.K., Division of Infectious Diseases, Center for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60614, United States; Ma, Q., Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, United States; Parikh, S., Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, United States; Morse, G.D., Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, United States; Taiwo, B., Division of Infectious Diseases, Center for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60614, United States; Akinola, I.T., Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria; Adewole, I.F., Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Lindegardh, N., Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Phakderaj, A., Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Ojengbede, O., Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Murphy, R.L., Division of Infectious Diseases, Center for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60614, United States; Akinyinka, O.O., Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Aweeka, F.T., Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, United States	Background. Nevirapine- (NVP-) based antiretroviral therapy (ART) and artesunate-amodiaquine are frequently coprescribed in areas of HIV and malaria endemicity. We explored the impact of this practice on artesunate and dihydroartemisinin pharmacokinetics. Methods. We conducted a parallel-group pharmacokinetic comparison between HIV-infected patients receiving NVP-based ART (n=10) and ART-naive controls (n=11). Artesunate-amodiaquine 200/600 mg was given daily for three days. Measurement of drug concentrations occurred between 0 and 96 hours after the final dose. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined using noncompartmental analysis. Results. Comparing the NVP group to controls, clearance of artesunate was reduced 50% (1950 versus 2995 L/h; P=0.03), resulting in a 45% increase in the AUC(105 versus 69 ug hr/L; P=0.02). The half-life of dihydroartemisinin was shorter in the NVP group (1.6 versuss 3.2 h; P=0.004), but other dihydroartemisinin pharmacokinetic parameters were unchanged. A lower conversion of artesunate to dihydroartemisinin was observed in the NVP group (dihydroartemisinin: artesunate AUC=5.6 versuss 8.5 in NVP and control groups, respectively, P=0.008). Conclusion. Although NVP-containing ART impacted some pharmacokinetic parameters of artesunate and dihydroartemisinin, overall exposure was similar or better in the NVP group. © 2012 Fatai A. Fehintola et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84055217113	Monitoring directors' remuneration, fat cat packages and perks of office	Abugu J.E.O.	2011	Journal of Financial Crime	19	1	10.1108/13590791211190696	Department of Commercial and Industrial Law, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria	Abugu, J.E.O., Department of Commercial and Industrial Law, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria	Purpose - This paper revisits existing regulatory approaches in tackling the practices of bogus and extravagant company directors' remuneration packages, often called "fat cat packages" which erode company capital and dividend return to shareholders. It explores the efficacy of existing rules, pointing out their inadequacy and ineffectiveness. It emphasizes the need to hold directors accountable to shareholders for remuneration received. The object is to proffer a more comprehensive and effective regulatory regime for directors' remuneration packages. Design/methodology/approach - The paper is analytical, reviewing several literature and case law on the subject. It adopts a comparative approach drawly primarily from the Nigerian Companies and Allied Matters Act 2004 which is compared in critical areas with the provisions of the English Companies Act 1985 and 2006. Findings - The analysis concludes that existing rules monitoring directors' remunerations packages are ineffective. The rules do not address directors' pecks, expenses and other perquisites of office. Often these pecks are more valuable to the director than the actual remuneration package and they constitute a veritable avenue for dissipating company capital. The articles also finds that audit committees and their members are presently not subjected to any liability rules for their role as financial gate keepers verifying the performance of the accounting and audit functions. Practical implications - The article points out that until regulations are formulated to regulate or cap directors' pecks and expenses, there exists ample room for fraudulent dissipation of company resources resulting in blotted costs of administration and reduced rewards for shareholders. It also advocates the need to subject audit committees to a higher regime of liability in public companies. Originality/value - The paper draws the attention of scholars, law reformers and law enforcement agencies to the inadequacies of the rules regulating directors' remuneration packages and suggests additional rules. It will certainly incite further scholarly discussion and challenge law reformers to address the issues raised in several jurisdictions.	Companies Act (UK); Directors; Directors' perks and expenses; Fat cat packages; Legislation,Regulation,Directors' remuneration packages; Nigeria; Nigerian Companies and Allied Matters Act; Remuneration	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-52949107601	The impact of urban environment and seasonality on the quality of Ikpoba River in Benin City, Nigeria	Odjugo P.A.O., Konyeme J.O.	2008	Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment	6	2	None	Department of Geography and Regional Planning, University of Benin, P. M. B. 1154, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria; Department of Integrated Science, College of Education, Agbor, Delta State, Nigeria	Odjugo, P.A.O., Department of Geography and Regional Planning, University of Benin, P. M. B. 1154, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria; Konyeme, J.O., Department of Integrated Science, College of Education, Agbor, Delta State, Nigeria	In Nigeria, most wastes (solid and liquid) are indiscriminately disposed off with partial treatment or untreated. While some wastes are dumped directly into the rivers, others are left on the earth surface and may later be moved through runoffs into the rivers and pollute them. This unwholesome and non-environment friendly practice necessitated this study which investigated the impact of urbanization and seasonal variation on the water quality in Ikpoba River, Benin City, Nigeria. Eight water samples were collected at different stations, namely pre-urban, Urban I, Urban II and post-urban. Four water samples were collected at each station during the dry season months of December 2005 and February 2006 and rainy season months of June and September 2006. Samples were analysed in laboratory for physico-chemical and microbial parameters such as PO4-3, Fe, Ca and BOD among others. A total of 500 questionnaires were administered and 492 (98.4%) well-filled questionnaires were analysed to determine the perception of the water quality by the respondents and also to what use they put the water. The data were analysed using percentages, correlation and ANOVA. The results show significant spatial and seasonal variation in the water quality, with pre-urban and dry season waters better in quality than the urban and rainy season. Urbanization was also observed to have negatively affected the water quality. The respondents used the water most for washing (30%), followed by swimming and bathing (24%) and drinking (19%). The constant and prolonged use of the polluted river water resulted in health problems like intestinal diseases, typhoid fever and skin diseases among others. It is recommended among others that the Ministry of Environment should stop both the industrialists and waste management agencies from using the river and its valley as dumping sites.	Health; Ikpoba River; Nigeria; Pollution; Seasonality; Urbanization; Water quality	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867679067	Fecal progestin extraction and analysis for non-invasive monitoring of ovarian cycle in beef cows	Yimer N., Rosnina Y., Wahid H., Bukar M.M., Malik A., Yap K.C., Fahmi M., Ganesamurthi P., Saharee A.A.	2012	Pakistan Veterinary Journal	32	4	None	Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gondar, 196 Gondar, Ethiopia	Yimer, N., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gondar, 196 Gondar, Ethiopia; Rosnina, Y., Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia; Wahid, H., Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia; Bukar, M.M., Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia; Malik, A., Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia; Yap, K.C., Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia; Fahmi, M., Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia; Ganesamurthi, P., Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia; Saharee, A.A., Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia	The aims of the present study were to determine presence of immunoreactive progestins in feces, correlate fecal progestins with plasma progesterone (P 4) concentrations and subsequently assess the role of fecal progestins in monitoring estrous cycle in Kedah Kelantan (KK) beef cows. A total of 12 cycling cows were subjected to blood and matched fecal sampling twice a week for 9 weeks. The concentrations of plasma P 4 and fecal progestins extracted using a modified technique, were determined by a P 4 radioimmunoassay (RIA) kit. There was a significant positive correlation between the concentrations of fecal progestins and plasma P 4 (r = 0.6, P&lt;0.01), as tested for the whole group except one animal. High performance liquid chromatographic separation of fecal extracts and subsequent radioimmunoassay revealed presence of four immunoreactive progestins against the P 4 antibodies. These results imply that the non-invasive measure of fecal progestins using a DSL-3900 RIA kit can be used to monitor the ovarian activity in beef cows. © 2012 PVJ.	Feces; Kedah Kelantan cows; Ovarian cycle; Plasma; Progesterone; Progestin	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84928411834	Performance evaluation of rain attenuation models in a tropical station	Yussuff A.I.O., Khamis N.H.B.H., Yahya A.	2014	International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering	4	5	None	Department of Communications Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia; Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Lagos State University, Nigeria	Yussuff, A.I.O., Department of Communications Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia, Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Lagos State University, Nigeria; Khamis, N.H.B.H., Department of Communications Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia; Yahya, A., Department of Communications Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia	The non-uniformity of rainfall in both the horizontal and vertical directions makes the estimation of slant path attenuation complex. At frequencies above 10 GHz, the effects of attenuation and noise induced by rain are quite significant. One year satellite attenuation data were sourced from Malaysia East Asia Satellite at Ku frequency band; using ASTRO beacon signals to monitor and measure the slant path rain rate and attenuation at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai. Four years' one minute rain rate ground data at 0.01% of time exceeded were collected using rain gauge. The attenuation exceeded for other percentages of the time was obtained using statistical methods. Different rain attenuation prediction models were investigated and their performances compared. The validation results clearly suggested that the Breakpoint attenuation prediction model produced better results when compared with other models of interest. Copyright © 2014 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.	Attenuation predictions; Breakpoint attenuations; Convective rains; Specific attenuations; Stratiform rains	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84885014137	Evaluation of caregivers' knowledge, beliefs and practices regarding oral lesions in HIV-patients: A pilot study	Kolisa Y., Ayo-Yusuf O.	2013	Health SA Gesondheid	18	1	10.4102/hsag.v18i1.704	Department of Community Dentistry, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Community Dentistry, University of Witwatersrand, South Africa	Kolisa, Y., Department of Community Dentistry, University of Pretoria, South Africa, Department of Community Dentistry, University of Witwatersrand, South Africa; Ayo-Yusuf, O., Department of Community Dentistry, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Seventy to ninety percent of HIV-infected individuals have oral lesions that affect their quality-of-life. Caregivers play an important role in complementing the healthcare team. It is essential that the caregivers have optimal knowledge, beliefs and practices toward the management of care regarding oral-lesions in HIV-infected patients in caregiving institutions in Johannesburg, South Africa. To measure the knowledge, beliefs and practices relating to oral lesions in HIV infection amongst caregivers in caregiving institutions in Johannesburg. This cross-sectional pilot study conducted during 2005 and 2006 involved caregivers in palliative care institutions in Region 8, Johannesburg Metropolitan area (n = 52). Using a questionnaire, information obtained included demographics, knowledge, beliefs and practices with regard to oral care for HIV-positive patients. Principal component analysis was used to extract questionnaire items of the knowledge domain. The knowledge domain displayed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach α-score of > 0.91). Of the caregivers, 65.4% had received training in oral care. Compared to caregivers not trained in oral care (NTOC), those caregivers trained in oral care (TOC) were more likely to be older (31 yrs vs. 44 yrs; p= 0.001), female (72% vs. 94%; p = 0.03) and were less likely to be employed on a full-time basis (94% vs. 68%; p = 0.03). Compared with NTOCs, TOCs had more knowledge regarding HIV-specific lesions and 'routine' oral-care for the patients (p < 0.005). Similarly, TOC caregivers had more positive beliefs about oral care for those living with HIV (p < 0.05). Offering training in oral healthcare to caregivers improves their knowledge of oral lesions and their beliefs about oral care. © 2013. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943455874	Evaluation of the intensity of the daytime surface urban heat island: how can remote sensing help?	Ayanlade A., Jegede O.O.	2015	International Journal of Image and Data Fusion	6	4	10.1080/19479832.2014.985618	Department of Geography, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ife, Nigeria; Department of Physics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ife, Nigeria	Ayanlade, A., Department of Geography, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ife, Nigeria; Jegede, O.O., Department of Physics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ife, Nigeria	This study aimed at using remote sensing methodology to assess the daytime surface urban heat island (SUHI) in Lagos metropolis. Several studies have examined the SUHI, using point data from meteorological stations. However, it has been shown in the literature recently that it is practically impossible to accurately value the intensity of SUHI from ground meteorological measurement due to heterogeneity and complexity of surface temperature over land. Therefore a time series of Landsat data, from 1984 to 2012, were used in the present study to assess spatial and temporal variability in the contribution of source and sink landscape to daytime SUHI in Lagos. This study uses remote sensing methods because Lagos has a strong heterogeneity of land surface characteristics; with several drainage, vegetation, built-up and soil between the coast and mainland, thus the land surface temperature (LST) changes rapidly in space and time. The results from this study show differences in the contribution of source and sink landscape to SUHI. The main findings from the results show that source landscape contributes positively to the intensity of SUHI in Lagos metropolis. The results show a general increase in mean LST during the periods of study from 1984 to 2012. The north-west (NW) zone of Lagos has highest LST compared to other zones. In 1984, the mean LST of NW zone was 300.53 K, but increased to 301.85 K in 2000 and 302.85 K in 2012. Although contributions from the landscapes differ by zones and time, much more intensified LST was noted in the NW zone of the city. The study find out that change in landcover has been the most important driver of intensified SUHI in Lagos metropolis. NW zone recorded the highest increased in built-up area throughout the years: 320.32 km2 in 1984, 535.28 km2 in 2000 and 630.70 km2 in 2012. This study demonstrates therefore that it is possible to assess spatial distribution and long-term temporal evolution of the LST in urban area, using remote sensing data. Also the results shows that remote sensing methods offer possibility for measuring LST over complete spatially averaged rather than point values. The results from this study further our understanding that not only the SUHI is frequent to cities in developed countries, but the effects are also obvious in several urban settlements in tropical countries. © 2015 Taylor & Francis.	daytime surface urban heat island; remote sensing data	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84890819358	Evaluation of food safety and sanitary practices among food vendors at car parks in Ile Ife, southwestern Nigeria	Aluko O.O., Ojeremi T.T., Olaleke D.A., Ajidagba E.B.	2014	Food Control	40	1	10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.11.049	Department of Community Health, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria	Aluko, O.O., Department of Community Health, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria; Ojeremi, T.T., Department of Community Health, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria; Olaleke, D.A., Department of Community Health, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria; Ajidagba, E.B., Department of Community Health, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria	Globally, the street food business has expanded rapidly and provides access to a diversity of inexpensive, ready-to-eat variety of food for customers. Street Food vendors (SFVs) operate where numerous customers exist and their operations are poorly regulated in Nigeria. Globally, SFVs were implicated in several outbreaks of foodborne diseases. This study therefore evaluates the behavioural characteristics and hygiene practices of SFVs in car parks in Ile Ife, southwestern Nigeria.The study was cross sectional in design and utilized interviewer-administered questionnaire on 160 randomly selected SFVs, targeting demography, food and personal hygiene practices and knowledge of foodborne diseases.Most respondents were <40 years (134, 83.7%); females (147, 91.9%); married (125, 78.1%); had at least secondary education (144, 90%); and vend whole meals (151, 94.3%), respectively. In addition, only 27 (16.9%) '. always' wash hands after using the toilet; 100 (62.5%) '. rarely' keep finger nails short while only 6 (3.8%) SFVs '. always' refrigerate leftover cooked food, though experiences power outages that compromise refrigeration temperatures. About 2/3 (61.9%) of the SFVs had no formal training and their medical status is unknown. Hence, inception and refreshers trainings should be mandatory and enforced by appropriate authorities. In addition, supportive monitoring, supervision, among others are necessary to promote compliance. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.	Car parks; Food safety and hygiene; Personal hygiene and environmental hygiene; Street food vendors	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84910049227	Energy consumption and QoS performances to compare combined routing protocol and mobility model for cbr traffic in manet	El-Kafhali S., Hanini M., Haqiq A.	2014	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology	69	1	None	Department of Computer Engineering and Telecommunications, National School of Applied Sciences, Khouribga, Taiwan; Hassan 1st University, Computer, Networks, Mobility and Modeling laboratory, Taiwan; Department of Mathematics and Computer, Settat, Taiwan; Hassan 1st University, e-NGN Research group, South Africa	El-Kafhali, S., Department of Computer Engineering and Telecommunications, National School of Applied Sciences, Khouribga, Taiwan, Hassan 1st University, Computer, Networks, Mobility and Modeling laboratory, Taiwan, Hassan 1st University, e-NGN Research group, South Africa; Hanini, M., Hassan 1st University, Computer, Networks, Mobility and Modeling laboratory, Taiwan, Department of Mathematics and Computer, Settat, Taiwan, Hassan 1st University, e-NGN Research group, South Africa; Haqiq, A., Hassan 1st University, Computer, Networks, Mobility and Modeling laboratory, Taiwan, Department of Mathematics and Computer, Settat, Taiwan, Hassan 1st University, e-NGN Research group, South Africa	A Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) has the property to be formed dynamically by a system of mobile nodes which are connected via wireless links with no centralized administration. All nodes can be mobile resulting in a possibly dynamic network topology. Two of the major problems in this network are energy consumption and Quality of Service (QoS) related to traffic requirements. This paper aims to explore the performances of the combination of routing protocol and mobility model in terms of QoS relating to CBR traffic and to network lifetime. Hence, simulations have been performed to evaluate the performance of AODV, DSR and DSDV routing protocols under various mobility models. The mobility models used in this work are Random Waypoint, Reference Point Group and Manhattan Grid. Obtained results show that the best combination protocol/mobility depends on the average speed of nodes. © 2005-2014 JATIT & LLS. All rights reserved.	CBR Traffic; Energy Consumption; MANET; Mobility Models; NS-2; QoS Parameters; Routing Protocols	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84948823505	Uterine prolapse and its impact on quality of life in the jhaukhel-duwakot health demographic surveillance site, Bhaktapur, Nepal	Shrestha B., Onta S., Choulagai B., Paudel R., Petzold M., Krettek A.	2015	Global Health Action	8	1	10.3402/gha.v8.28771	Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Health Metrics, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Biomedicine and Public Health, School of Health and Education, University of Skövde, Skö vde, Sweden; Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway	Shrestha, B., Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Onta, S., Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal; Choulagai, B., Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Paudel, R., Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal; Petzold, M., Health Metrics, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Krettek, A., Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, Department of Biomedicine and Public Health, School of Health and Education, University of Skövde, Skö vde, Sweden, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway	Background: Uterine prolapse (UP) is a reproductive health problem and public health issue in low-income countries including Nepal. Objective: We aimed to identify the contributing factors and stages of UP and its impact on quality of life in the Jhaukhel-Duwakot Health Demographic Surveillance Site of Bhaktapur, Nepal. Design: Our three-phase study used descriptive cross-sectional analysis to assess quality of life and stages of UPand case-control analysis to identify contributing factors. First, a household survey explored the prevalence of self-reported UP (Phase 1). Second, we used a standardized tool in a 5-day screening camp to determine quality of life among UP-affected women (Phase 2). Finally, a 1-month community survey traced self-reported cases from Phase 1 (Phase 3). To validate UP diagnoses, we reviewed participants' clinical records, and we used screening camp records to trace women without UP. Results: Among 48 affected women in Phase 1, 32 had Stage II UP and 16 had either Stage I or Stage III UP. Compared with Stage I women (4.62%), almost all women with Stage III UP reported reduced quality of life. Decreased quality of life correlated significantly with Stages I-III. Self-reported UP prevalence (8.7%) included all treated and non-treated cases. In Phase 3, 277 of 402 respondents reported being affected by UP and 125 were unaffected. The odds of having UP were threefold higher among illiterate women compared with literate women (OR-3.02, 95% CI 1.76-5.17), 50% lower among women from nuclear families compared with extended families (OR-0.56, 95% CI 0.35-0.90) and lower among women with 1-2 parity compared to -5 parity (OR-0.33, 95% CI 0.14-0.75). Conclusions: The stages of UP correlated with quality of life resulting from varied perceptions regarding physical health, emotional stress, and social limitation. Parity, education, age, and family type associated with UP. Our results suggest the importance of developing policies and programs that are focused on early health care for UP. Through family planning and health education programs targeting women, as well as women empowerment programs for prevention of UP, it will be possible to restore quality of life related to UP. © 2015 Binjwala Shrestha et al.	Health Demographic Surveillance Site; Nepal; Quality of life; Uterine prolapse	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84912074752	Evaluation of the effectiveness of peer education in improving HIV knowledge, attitude, and sexual behaviours among in-school adolescents in osun state, Nigeria	Adeomi A.A., Adeoye O.A., Asekun-Olarinmoye E.O., Abodunrin O.L., Olugbenga-Bello A.I., Sabageh A.O.	2014	AIDS Research and Treatment	2014	None	10.1155/2014/131756	Department of Community Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH), Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Community Medicine, Osun State University, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria; Department of Community Medicine,	Adeomi, A.A., Department of Community Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH), Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Adeoye, O.A., Department of Community Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH), Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Asekun-Olarinmoye, E.O., Department of Community Medicine, Osun State University, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria; Abodunrin, O.L., Department of Community Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH), Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Olugbenga-Bello, A.I., Department of Community Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH), Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Sabageh, A.O., Department of Community Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH), Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria	Introduction. Young people are at the centre of the global HIV/AIDS epidemic. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of peer education in improving HIV knowledge, attitude, and preventive practices among in-school adolescents in Osun State, Nigeria.Methods. This was an intervention study that was carried out among in-school adolescents attending mixed secondary schools in Osun State, Nigeria. The study was in three stages: before intervention, intervention, and after intervention. The impact of peer education was evaluated twelve weeks after intervention. Data were collected using pretested semistructured questionnaires and data analysis was done with SPSS version 16.Results. At the preintervention stage, the study and control groups were similar in their sociodemographic characteristics, HIV knowledge, attitude, and preventive practices, including high risk behaviours for HIV/AIDS transmission. After the peer education intervention, those with good knowledge and positive attitudes towards HIV/AIDS increased significantly from 50.0% to 86.7% and from 49.0% to 85.6%, respectively (P < 0.05).Conclusion. The study showed that peer education is effective in improving knowledge, attitude, and some preventive practices towards HIV/AIDS among in-school adolescents. Educational programmes about HIV/AIDS should therefore be designed to target this age group putting into consideration their unique characteristics. © 2014 Adeleye Abiodun Adeomi et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84942134666	Evaluation of the isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) program in Shurugwi District, Midlands Province, Zimbabwe, January 2013 to August 2014	Makoni A., Chemhuru M., Tshimanga M., Gombe N.T., Mungati M., Bangure D.	2015	BMC Research Notes	8	1	10.1186/s13104-015-1451-y	Department of Community Medicine, University of Zimbabwe, Office 3-66 Kaguvi Building, Cnr 4th/Central Avenue, Harare, Zimbabwe; Ministry of Health and Child Care, Harare, Zimbabwe	Makoni, A., Department of Community Medicine, University of Zimbabwe, Office 3-66 Kaguvi Building, Cnr 4th/Central Avenue, Harare, Zimbabwe; Chemhuru, M., Ministry of Health and Child Care, Harare, Zimbabwe; Tshimanga, M., Department of Community Medicine, University of Zimbabwe, Office 3-66 Kaguvi Building, Cnr 4th/Central Avenue, Harare, Zimbabwe; Gombe, N.T., Department of Community Medicine, University of Zimbabwe, Office 3-66 Kaguvi Building, Cnr 4th/Central Avenue, Harare, Zimbabwe; Mungati, M., Department of Community Medicine, University of Zimbabwe, Office 3-66 Kaguvi Building, Cnr 4th/Central Avenue, Harare, Zimbabwe; Bangure, D., Department of Community Medicine, University of Zimbabwe, Office 3-66 Kaguvi Building, Cnr 4th/Central Avenue, Harare, Zimbabwe	Background: Midlands Province started implementing the Isoniazid (INH) preventive therapy (IPT) program in January 2013. Shurugwi and Gokwe North were the piloting district hospitals. In May 2014, four more districts hospitals (Gokwe South, Gweru, Kwekwe and Zvishavane) started implementing IPT. Shurugwi District decentralized the program to its rural health facilities in January 2014. A review of the Shurugwi IPT program, 2013 data, indicated that the majority of eligible clients were not started on IPT. None out of the 400 eligible clients were started on IPT in November against the 100 % target according to the World Health Organization and the National Tuberculosis (TB) Program. We conducted a study to evaluate the IPT program in Shurugwi District from January 2013 to August 2014. Methods: The logical framework approach was used to evaluate inputs, processes, outputs and outcomes of the IPT program. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data from key informants. Checklists were used to collect data from IPT program records. Results: Sixteen health facilities were implementing IPT in Shurugwi District. All the facilities had TB screening tools and three did not have TB screening algorithms. The district experienced medicine stock outs in 2013. One formal training at district level and on job trainings in implementing health facilities were done. From January 2013 to August 2014, Shurugwi District screened 6794 antiretroviral (ART) clients for TB. Out of those screened, 5255 were eligible for IPT and 2831 (54 %) were started on IPT. A total of 700 clients had completed the IPT 6 month's course by August 2014. The dropout rate due to INH toxicity and TB was 0.6 % (n = 18) and 0.3 % (n = 8) respectively. Fifty-three advocacy and community sensitization meetings were done. The program had no Information Education and Communication (IEC) materials. Conclusion: The IPT program in Shurugwi District achieved half its target. This could be due to inadequate formally trained staff, lack of IEC materials, inadequate advocacy and community sensitization, non-availability of the INH 300 mg single dose and inadequate INH 100 mg dose tablets in 2013. To improve the IPT program, there is need for routine advocacy, communication and social mobilization. © 2015 Makoni et al.	IPT program evaluation; Midlands Province; Shurugwi District	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77955465958	The reasons for and the impact of principal-on-teacher bullying on the victims' private and professional lives	de Wet C.	2010	Teaching and Teacher Education	26	7	10.1016/j.tate.2010.05.005	Department of Comparative Education and Education Management, Faculty of Education, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa	de Wet, C., Department of Comparative Education and Education Management, Faculty of Education, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa	This article focuses on the reasons for principal-on-teacher bullying and the impact of the bullying on the victims. The data stem from a phenomenological study which was conducted to ascertain teachers' exposure to different types of bullying. Colaizzi's phenomenological method was employed in analysing participants' transcripts. The findings support the literature that the lack of an effective regime for monitoring of regulations governing principals' behaviour and the characteristics of the bullies and victims are reasons for bullying. This paper uses the voices of the victims of bullying to illustrate teachers' experiences of bullying. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.	Education management; Phenomenology; Principal-on-teacher bullying; South Africa; Workplace bullying	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84857807799	The international impact of education research done and published in South Africa	Wolhuter C.	2011	South African Journal of Education	31	4	None	Department of Comparative Education, North-West University, South Africa	Wolhuter, C., Department of Comparative Education, North-West University, South Africa	The aim of this article was to determine the international impact of Education research in South Africa, through a citation analysis of articles published in the South African Journal of Education from 2000 to 2010 The citation impact (nationally as well as internationally) was found to be low. The international impact has been particularly poor, both quantitatively (in terms of the number of citations) and qualitatively (in terms of the standing of the publications in which this research does get cited, seen in the context of the hierarchy of scholarly publications). The article shows that certain topics of research in South Africa fail to break through to the international arena at all, such as research on the current restructuring of education in South Africa. Research that was cited most often in international journals dealt with research methodology, creativity and entrepreneurship education, beliefs and perception studies, and language-in-education in South Africa. In conclusion, a number of recommendations are made for raising the international profile of Education research that is done in South Africa and for further research in pursuance of that objective. © 2011 EASA.	Education research; Impact; Internationalisation; South African journal of education	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34248209039	The impact of internet usage: A case study of Delta State tertiary institutions	Ureigho R.J., Oroke G.U., Ekruyota G.O.	2007	European Journal of Scientific Research	16	4	None	Department of Computer Science, Delta State Polytechnic, Otefe-Oghara, Nigeria; Department of Computer Science/Information Technology, Delta State Polytechnic, Ozoro, Nigeria	Ureigho, R.J., Department of Computer Science, Delta State Polytechnic, Otefe-Oghara, Nigeria; Oroke, G.U., Department of Computer Science, Delta State Polytechnic, Otefe-Oghara, Nigeria; Ekruyota, G.O., Department of Computer Science/Information Technology, Delta State Polytechnic, Ozoro, Nigeria	The Internet is one of the greatest recent advancement in the world of information technology and has become a useful instrument that has fostered the process of making the world a global village. However, despite the added benefits of the Internet to learning, teaching and research, there is no provision of effective Internet services in most of the tertiary institutions in Delta state. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the Internet for learning, teaching and research in institutions of higher learning in Delta State. Questionnaires were administered to students and staff in four tertiary institutions within the state. The results from the analysis of the responses showed that students and staff use Internet mainly for on-line chatting (24.89%) and e-mail (24.16%). The use of Internet as a source of research materials ranked third (23.21%). This study concludes that research would significantly improve through proper enlightenment, formal training on the use of Internet and provision of effective Internet services in tertiary institutions in Delta State. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2007.	E-mail; Institutions; Internet; Research	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884689244	Performance evaluation of routing protocols in wireless mesh networks	Edwin Sejake M., Polite Ncube Z., Gasela N.	2013	Life Science Journal	10	SPL.ISSUE10	None	Department of Computer Science, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa	Edwin Sejake, M., Department of Computer Science, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa; Polite Ncube, Z., Department of Computer Science, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa; Gasela, N., Department of Computer Science, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa	Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) are the set of wireless nodes that can communicate with each other and forwarding each other's packets. WMNs are multi-hop networks consisting of routers, gateways and mobile nodes. WMNs act as a key technology for next generation WMNs. Because of their low cost and relative ease of deployment, they are an attractive paradigm and are advantageous to other wireless networks. The aim of WMNs is to guarantee connectivity. WMNs build a multihop wireless backbone to interconnect isolated Local Area Networks and to extend backhaul access to users not within range of typical access points. This research has carried out current/existing literature in WMNs. It has analysed routing protocols such as AODV, DSR, GRP, OLSR and TORA used in WMNs where AODV and DSR are reactive routing protocols, OLSR and GRP are proactive routing protocols and TORA is a hybrid routing protocol. The routing protocols have been analysed with the performance metrics of throughput and delay under the simulation of ftp traffic. The simulator used is OPNET. With the help of OPNET, results show that in terms of ftp traffic load, TORA has very long delay. For throughput, OLSR outperforms the other routing protocols.	Delay; ftp traffic; Routing protocols; Throughput; WMN	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880287523	Towards an OPNET modeler based performance comparison of routing protocols in mobile Ad-hoc networks using voice over IP traffic	Mbougni M., Polite Ncube Z., Oukouomi Noutchie S.C.	2013	Life Science Journal	10	3	None	Department of Computer Science, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa; Department of Mathematics, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa	Mbougni, M., Department of Computer Science, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa; Polite Ncube, Z., Department of Computer Science, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa; Oukouomi Noutchie, S.C., Department of Mathematics, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa	With the increasing use of mobile devices and advances in wireless technologies, Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) has drawn great attention for being part of ubiquitous networks. MANET is an autonomous collection of mobile and/or fixed nodes that can communicate together over relatively bandwidth constrained wireless links, and the network topology may change rapidly and unpredictably over time. Unlike the conventional network, MANET is decentralized radio wireless network that can be established in situations where no infrastructure exists or where deployment of infrastructure is expensive or inconvenient. As a result, routing protocols play a crucial role in managing the formation, configuration, and maintenance of the topology of the network. There has been an extensive research on performance analysis of routing protocols in MANETs. However, most of the work done on the performance evaluation of routing protocols is done using the Constant Bit Rate (CBR) traffic. This paper presents the performance analysis of MANETs routing protocols such as Ad hoc on Demand Distance Vector (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Temporary Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA), and Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) using Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) traffic. The performance metrics used for the analysis of these routing protocols are delay and throughput. The overall results show that the proactive routing protocol (OLSR) performs better in terms of delay and throughput than the reactive Suares Clovis Oukouomi Noutchie.	MANET; Routing protocols; VoIP	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84919832722	Performance evaluation of TCP congestion control algorithms throughput for CVE based on cloud computing model	Gital A.Y., Ismail A.S., Chiroma H.	2014	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology	70	1	None	Department of Computer Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia; Department of Computer Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia; Department of Artificial Intelligence, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Departme	Gital, A.Y., Department of Computer Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria; Ismail, A.S., Department of Computer Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia; Chiroma, H., Department of Artificial Intelligence, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Department of Computer Science, Federal College of Education (Technical), Gombe, Nigeria	Collaborative Virtual Environment (CVE) is becoming popular in the last few years; this is because CVE is designed to allow geographically distributed users to work together over the network. Currently, in the development of CVE Systems, Client server architectures with multiple servers are used with TCP as update transmitting transport protocol because of its reliability. With the increasing number of collaborators, the transport protocol is inadequate to meet the system requirements in terms of timely data transmission. The transport protocol (TCP) throughput deteriorates in the network with large delay which leads to unsatisfactory consistency requirement of the CVE systems.We proposed a cloud based architectural model for improving scalability and consistency in CVE in an earlier study. The current paper aims at evaluating and comparing the performance of different TCP variants (Tahoe, Reno, New Reno, Vegas, SACK, Fack and Linux) with the cloud based CVE architecture to determine the suitability of each TCP variant for CVE. A comparative analysis between the different TCP variants is presented in terms of throughput verses elapse time, with increasing number of users in the system. TCP Vegas with the cloud based model was found to be effective for CVE systems based on Cloud Computing . © 2005 - 2014 JATIT & LLS. All rights reserved.	Cloud computing; CVE architecture; TCP variants (congestion control algorithm)	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80054780391	Grid security: Evaluation of active and passive attacks with proposed countermeasures	Azeez N.A., Tiko I., Venter I.M., Onifade O.F.W., Azeez R.A.	2011	Research Journal of Information Technology	3	3	10.3923/rjit.2011.181.190	Department of Computer Science, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa; Department of Informatics, Faculty of Information and Communication, Pretoria South, South Africa; Department of Computer Science, University o	Azeez, N.A., Department of Computer Science, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa; Tiko, I., Department of Informatics, Faculty of Information and Communication, Pretoria South, South Africa; Venter, I.M., Department of Computer Science, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa; Onifade, O.F.W., Department of Computer Science, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Azeez, R.A., Department of Computer Science, Fountain University, Osogbo, Nigeria	Grid computing is an emergent computing innovation which offers endless access to computing infrastructure across various organizations (academia and industry). Since this technology allows aggregation of various computer systems for usage by different users to run applications, the information stored on it which may be sensitive and private, remains vulnerable. According to related research on the attribute based access control for grid computing there is no adequate and appropriate security mechanism to authorize and authenticate users before accessing information on a grid system. The issue of security in grid technology has not been fully addressed even though it is a precondition for optimizing grid usability. In this paper therefore, we try to explore some of the main security attacks on a grid system and provide reasonable countermeasures to handle the situation. Finally, an architectural model to prevent any form of attacks explained is also presented. © 2011 Academic Journals Inc.	Active; Attacks; Countermeasures; Grid; Passive; Security; Topology	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84918786965	Performance modeling of proposed guiset middleware for mobile healthcare services in E-marketplaces	Akingbesote A.O., Adigun M.O., Xulu S., Jembere E.	2014	Journal of Applied Mathematics	2014	None	10.1155/2014/248293	Department of Computer Science, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa	Akingbesote, A.O., Department of Computer Science, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa; Adigun, M.O., Department of Computer Science, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa; Xulu, S., Department of Computer Science, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa; Jembere, E., Department of Computer Science, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa	GUISET is a proposed middleware engine currently under study in South Africa. The goal is to provide utility services for small, medium, and macroenterprises in the context of mobile e-services. Three things are important to make this engine effective and efficient: the implementation, performance, and the pricing strategy. The literature has delved richly into implementation issue of similar projects. Both the performance and the pricing strategy issues have not been fully discussed especially in the context of mobile healthcare services. Some literature has addressed the performance issue using the exogenous nonpriority and the preemptive model. However, with providers offering different services using that approach may prove to be difficult to implement. This work extends existing and widely adopted theories to non-preemptive model by using the queuing theory and the simulation model in the context of mobile healthcare services. Our evaluation is based on non-preemptive priority and nonpriority discipline. Our results reveal that the unconditional average waiting time remains the same with reduction in waiting time over the non-preemptive priority model in four out of the five classes observed. This is envisaged to be beneficial in mobile healthcare services where events are prioritized and urgent attention is needed to be given to urgent events. © 2014 Alaba Olu Akingbesote et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892589655	Identification of health and safety performance improvement indicators for small and medium construction enterprises: A delphi consensus study	Agumba J.N., Haupt T.C.	2012	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	3	3	10.5901/mjss.2012.v3n3p545	Department of Construction Management and Quantity Surveying, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa	Agumba, J.N., Department of Construction Management and Quantity Surveying, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa; Haupt, T.C., Department of Construction Management and Quantity Surveying, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa	This study sought to identify and validate a comprehensive set of health and safety (H&S) leading indicator metrics that will enable small and medium construction enterprises (SMEs) personnel to monitor the level of H&S performance in their projects. The Delphi approach was used where the opinion of H&S experts, academics and industry practitioners were canvassed on 64 potential indicator metrics, categorized in 10 elements or leading indicators that will enable H&S performance improvement e.g. reduction in accidents, injuries, diseases but to name a few. The experts rated each indicator metric on a 10-point Likert scale of impact, where 1= no major impact or 10% impact and 10 = major impact or 100% impact. Consensus was reached on 32 indicator metrics after four successive rounds of Delphi if the indicators attracted final scores of, percentage median impact of 90% to 100% which is 9.00 to 10.00 median rating and over 50% of respondents rating the indicator metrics in the band of 9.00 to 10.00 or 90% to 100% impact to improve H&S performance. The experts had the opportunity to reconsider their scores informed by the group median score in rounds 2, 3 and 4. The limitation of the study was the reliance of a structured questionnaire in the first round as experts were not allowed to add any new indicators, until the fourth round. This study contributes to the H&S body of knowledge where no consensus has been reached pertaining to the indicator metrics that have major impact to improve H&S performance at project level of construction SMEs in South Africa.	Experts; Health and safety; Performance improvement; Proactive indicators	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867374919	The role of environmental knowledge in young female consumers' evaluation and selection of apparel in South Africa	Momberg D., Jacobs B., Sonnenberg N.	2012	International Journal of Consumer Studies	36	4	10.1111/j.1470-6431.2011.01061.x	Department of Consumer Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Momberg, D., Department of Consumer Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Jacobs, B., Department of Consumer Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Sonnenberg, N., Department of Consumer Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	The harmful impact of the apparel supply chain on the environment is becoming a global reality. However, consumer awareness of the environmental problems caused by this industry is not always obvious in their apparel buying decisions. A qualitative approach was used to explore young female consumers' existing levels of environmental knowledge, and whether that environmental knowledge is reflected in the evaluation and selection of apparel. Non-probability purposive sampling was used to ensure the inclusion of young female students (19-22 years old, n=29). Participants first had to write an essay on the subject of pertinent environmental issues and then participated in a focus group discussion on the evaluation and selection of a t-shirt. Results suggest that the participants have general environmental knowledge. They have the ability to identify environmental problems as well as the causes and consequences of these environmental problems. However, participants' environmental awareness and their knowledge pertaining to the actual production and supply of environment-friendly apparel in the South African context were very limited. The results also highlight the product attributes important to the participants when evaluating and selecting apparel such as price, aesthetics and functionality of the garment, but environmental attributes such as organic cotton, locally produced, reduced waste techniques and not using harmful chemicals did not feature high under the attributes participants considered. They prioritized price, aesthetics and fit above other attributes (including environmental attributes). Environmental knowledge was not consciously considered in their general apparel decision making, even though participants indicated that they do care about the environment. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.	Consumer behaviour; Eco-friendly apparel; Environmental knowledge; Sustainability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907167089	The Role of Information Exposure in Female University Students’ Evaluation and Selection of Eco-Friendly Apparel in the South African Emerging Economy	Sonnenberg N., Jacobs B., Momberg D.	2014	Clothing and Textiles Research Journal	32	4	10.1177/0887302X14541542	Department of Consumer Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Sonnenberg, N., Department of Consumer Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Jacobs, B., Department of Consumer Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Momberg, D., Department of Consumer Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Increasing consumption in the South African emerging economy necessitates stringent effort toward developing environmental information campaigns that stimulate preferences for eco-friendly alternatives. This qualitative study explores the role of exposure to information about the environmental impact of the apparel supply chain in female students' evaluation and selection of apparel. Based on the outcome of garment selection exercises and focus group discussions, participants were not swayed by exposure to hang tags, audio-visual or printed information sources to prioritize eco-friendly features in their choice of product, nor were they willing to compromise on attributes such as price for the sake of the environment. Participants' recommendations include standardized eco-labels to facilitate identification of eco-friendly alternatives and message content that is short, precise and factual. Interpersonal communication could represent an influential source of information and merits further investigation into the relevance of normative social influence on pro-environmental apparel behavior in the South African emerging economy. © The Author(s) 2014.	advertisement; apparel industry; consumer behavior; environment; green products; information; information processing; marketing; mass media; search; sustainability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894103859	Evaluation of organic mulch on the growth and yield of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in a Southern Guinea Savannah of Nigeria	Ahmed M., Baiyeri K.P., Echezona B.C.	2014	Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences	24	1	None	Department of Crop Production, College of Agriculture, Mokwa, Niger state, Nigeria; Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Ahmed, M., Department of Crop Production, College of Agriculture, Mokwa, Niger state, Nigeria; Baiyeri, K.P., Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Echezona, B.C., Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Sustainability in crop production could be achieved using agricultural wastes which litter the environment to ameliorate crop soils. The effect of organic mulches on the growth and yield of two sugar cane varieties (NCS 008 and Bida local) was therefore evaluated during 2010 (plant crop) and 2011 (ratoon crop) at Badeggi (9° 03′N, 06° 09′E; altitude 89 m a.s.l.) Nigeria. Mulch materials (rice husk and groundnut shell) were each applied at the rates of 0, 20 and 40 tonnes ha-1 in a factorial experiment laid out in a randomised complete block design (RCBD), with three replications. The variety NCS 008 produced significantly (p&lt;0.05) higher number of tillers, stalk length, yield and chewable stalks in both the regular and ratoon crops relative to the local. The establishment count of NCS 008 was higher compared to Bida local (73% vs. 38%) in the ratoon and vice versa in the plant crop. Mulching with groundnut shell produced significantly (p&lt;0.05) higher establishment count and stalk lengths compared to rice husk mulch for the ratoon crops, but did not differ appreciably in the main (plant) crop. Irrespective of the cropping system, stalk girth, tiller count, chewable stalks and yield were significantly (p &lt; 0.05) higher with groundnut shell compared with rice husk mulch. Aside from establishment count, which had an inverse relationship with mulching rate in the plant crop, all the other traits assessed had a direct relationship with mulching rate in the two systems. The interaction effect of variety x organic mulch x organic mulch rate were also significant (p&lt;0.05) for both the plant and ratoon crops on most of the parameter considered.	Agricultural waste; Chewing and industrial cane; Cropping system; Regular and ratoon crops	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-65749184492	Experiences of discrimination and the impact on the identity development of a group of incarcerated adolescents in South Africa	Peacock R.	2008	Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice	6	2	10.1080/15377930802096520	Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Monash South Africa, Monash University (Melbourne), Private Bag X60, Roodepoort, VIC 1725, South Africa	Peacock, R., Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Monash South Africa, Monash University (Melbourne), Private Bag X60, Roodepoort, VIC 1725, South Africa	The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between discrimination and identity development using a sample of 83 incarcerated male adolescents, aged 15 to 18 years in South Africa. Seventy-seven percent of the respondents were black, 96 percent were in prison for the first time, and the majority (49.4%) were in prison for aggressive offenses, such as murder and robbery. The findings indicate a linear relationship between a lower level of identity development and experiences of discrimination on the basis of physical appearance and behavior of the parental figures and siblings during the critical developmental stage of adolescence. The study concludes that the offending behavior of the incarcerated adolescents could be viewed as a tool of self-destruction due to the negative impact of experiences of discrimination on their level of identity development. © 2008 by The Haworth Press. All rights reserved.	Adolescent identity; Discrimination; Incarceration	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78049454307	Evaluation of yields of seven upland rice (Oryzae sativa) cultivars sown by three methods in Anyigba, Kogi state, Nigeria	Oyewole C.I., Ajayi O., Ojuekaiye R.O.	2010	African Journal of Agricultural Research	5	16	None	Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kogi State University, P. M. B. 1008, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria	Oyewole, C.I., Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kogi State University, P. M. B. 1008, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria; Ajayi, O., Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kogi State University, P. M. B. 1008, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria; Ojuekaiye, R.O., Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kogi State University, P. M. B. 1008, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria	Yield is the characteristic by which a cultivar is commonly judge. A cultivar may be considered satisfactory only if it is able to produce a good yield in comparison to others at various times and in various situations. Trials were conducted in the rainy seasons of 2007 and 2008 at the Kogi State University Teaching and Research Farm (Longitude 07°061 N; 43°E), Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria to investigate the response of seven cultivars of upland (NERICA 1-7) rice sown by three sowing methods: broadcasting, dibbling and drilling. Treatments consisted of three sowing methods (drilling at 20 cm apart, dibbling at 20 × 20 cm and even broadcasting of seeds) of seven NERICA varieties. Results of statistical analysis revealed that crop establishment responded significantly to sowing method and cultivar. Significant influence of cultivar was also observed on final plant height and paddy yield. Significant interactions (sowing method × cultivar) were observed on establishment count and paddy yield/ha. The combined results of both seasons show that NERICA 5 gave the highest paddy yield. However, considering the individual years, the most consistent cultivar was NERICA 6. Thus, it is recommended for the experimental area. © 2010 Academic Journals.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84954553994	Evaluation of Animal Dungs and Organomineral Fertilizer for the Control of Meloidogyne incognita on Sweet Potato	Osunlola O.S., Fawole B.	2015	International Journal of Agronomy	2015	None	10.1155/2015/725363	Department of Crop Production, Kwara State University, Malete, PMB 1530, Ilorin, Nigeria; Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Osunlola, O.S., Department of Crop Production, Kwara State University, Malete, PMB 1530, Ilorin, Nigeria; Fawole, B., Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, is an important animate pathogen causing major damage and severe reductions in the growth, yield, and quality of sweet potato. Nematicides are expensive and their application also causes environmental pollution. A field experiment was therefore conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of poultry dung (10 or 20 t/ha), cow dung (10 or 20 t/ha), horse dung (10 or 20 t/ha), goat dung (10 or 20 t/ha), organomineral fertilizer (2 or 4 t/ha), and carbofuran (3 kg a.i/ha) in the management of M. incognita on sweet potato using a randomized complete block design. The unamended plots served as control. Data were analysed using ANOVA (p ≤ 0.05). All organic materials and carbofuran significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced nematode reproduction and root damage compared with control. Poultry dung (10 and 20 t/ha) and carbofuran were, however, more efficient in nematode control than other organic materials. Sweet potato plants that were grown on soil treated with organomineral fertilizer had the highest mean number of vines and fresh shoot weight, while poultry dung improved sweet potato quality and yield. It is therefore recommended that the use of poultry dung be employed in combination with other nematode control strategies to achieve sustainable, economic, and environment-friendly nematode management. © 2015 Oluremi Solomon Osunlola and Bamidele Fawole.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84905641731	Evaluation of multi-stress tolerant maize varieties for sustainable intensification in Northern Guinea Savanna of North Eastern Nigeria	Dugje I.Y., Odo P.E., Teli I.A., Kamara A.Y., Asiedu E.A.	2014	Maydica	59	2	None	Department of Crop Production, University of Maiduguri, PMB1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Kano Station, Nigeria; CORAF/WECARD 7, Av. Bourguiba BP 48, cp 18523, Dakar, Senegal; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), PO Box TL 6, Tamale, Ghana	Dugje, I.Y., Department of Crop Production, University of Maiduguri, PMB1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), PO Box TL 6, Tamale, Ghana; Odo, P.E., Department of Crop Production, University of Maiduguri, PMB1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria; Teli, I.A.; Kamara, A.Y., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Kano Station, Nigeria; Asiedu, E.A., CORAF/WECARD 7, Av. Bourguiba BP 48, cp 18523, Dakar, Senegal	Maize productivity is limited by multiple stresses in the savannas of West and Central Africa. Field trials were conducted in northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria in 2011 and 2012 to evaluate the performance of multi-stress tolerant maize varieties. Thirteen varieties including Local Check replicated three times were tested in randomized complete block design. Plant and ear heights were significantly higher for LNTP x LNP-WC3 and 2004 TZE-W DT-STRC4 than POOL 18-SR, 2009 TZE-W POP-STR, EVDT 99-W STR; and EVDT 2000-Y STRQPM, respectively. Striga count was significantly lower for EVDT 99-W STR and LNTP x LNP-WC3 than all the other entries. Days to 50% tassel and 50% silk were each significantly earlier for EVDT 99STR W-STR QPM, DT-W STR SYN, EVDT-99W STR and 2009 TZEW DT STR than the Local Check. Anthesis Silk Interval (ASI) was significantly lower for TZE COMP3 DT-WC2, 2009 TZEW DT STR, and EVDT 99-W STR than Local Check. Number of ears plant-1 was significantly higher for 2008 DTMA-Y STR than Local Check. Grain yield ha-1 was significantly superior for DT-Y STR SYN, 2008 DTMA-Y STR, 2004 TZE-W DTSTR C4, 2009 TZEW DT STR and EVDT 99-W STRQPM, respectively. Plant height was positively correlated with ASI and ear height, while ear height was positively associated with ears plant-1, days to 50% silk and 50% tassel. Grain yield ha-1 was positively correlated with ears plant-1, days to 50 % silk, days to 50% tassel and ear height, while ears plant-1 was negatively correlated with ear weight. Farmer selection criteria for acceptance of variety were in the order: Striga tolerance > nutrient value > drought tolerance > flour value > good taste > high yield > early maturity. The five varieties: DTY STR SYN, 2008 DTMA-Y STR, 2004 TZE-W DT STRC4, 2009 TZEW DT STR and EVDT 99-W STRQPM satisfied farmers criteria and were promising and thus nominated for on-farm demonstration and subsequent adoption in the region.	Farmer criteria; Guinea savanna; Maize variety; Multi stress tolerant; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874006629	Effect of seed priming method on agronomic performance and cost effectiveness of rainfed, dry-seeded NERICA rice	Binang W.B., Shiyam J.O., Ntia J.D.	2012	Research Journal of Seed Science	5	4	10.2923/rjss.2012.136.143	Department of Crop Science, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria	Binang, W.B., Department of Crop Science, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria; Shiyam, J.O., Department of Crop Science, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria; Ntia, J.D., Department of Crop Science, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria	Priming is a seed enhancement method that might improve seed performance under stress conditions such as drought or freshly harvested or aged seeds which might fail to germinate. A field experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design in 2009 and 2010 at the Research Farm of the University of Calabar, Calabar to evaluate the effect of a range of priming techniques on agronomic performance of New Rice for Africa (NERICA) and to quantify their benefits to farmers. Treatments were on-farm priming, hydropriming, Osmopriming, vitamin (Ascorbate) priming, hardening, osmohardening, as well as a non-primed control. Results showed that seed priming had significant effect on germination, seedling emergence, days to heading, duration to plant maturity, number of tillers, number of fertile panicles and grain yield (p = 0.05). However, plant height at maturity and weight of 1000 grains were not similarly affected. Seed germination and seedling emergence consistently occurred sooner in primed seeds compared to non-primed seeds but differences existed between priming methods. The time to 50% germination was least in hardened, hydro-primed, on-farm-primed and Ascorbate-primed seeds compared with other priming methods evaluated and percentage seedling emergence followed the same pattern. Primed seeds gave plants that matured earlier with hardened, hydro-primed and on-farm primed seeds not being statistically different. The grain yield from hardened, hydro-primed and on-farm primed seeds was statistically similar but higher than that of other priming methods studied. Based on net returns, the most cost-effective priming method for NERICA rice is hardening, followed closely by on-farm priming and hydropriming. © 2012 Academic Journals Inc.	NERICA rice; Seed germination; Seed priming method; Seedling emergence	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84877265187	Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) performance as influenced by nitrogen and potassium fertilizers in Uyo, Nigeria	Uwah D.F., Effa E.B., Ekpenyong L.E., Akpan I.E.	2013	Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences	23	2	None	Department of Crop Science, University of Calabar, Nigeria	Uwah, D.F., Department of Crop Science, University of Calabar, Nigeria; Effa, E.B., Department of Crop Science, University of Calabar, Nigeria; Ekpenyong, L.E., Department of Crop Science, University of Calabar, Nigeria; Akpan, I.E., Department of Crop Science, University of Calabar, Nigeria	Large scale cassava production is today being carried out season after season repeatedly on the same piece of land leading to decline in soil fertility and yield overtime. Research information to guide farmers on appropriate fertilizer management under such continuous cropping are few and poorly documented in south eastern Nigeria. A two-year field experiment was conducted during 2007 - 2009 at Uyo, a humid forest agro-ecology of south eastern Nigeria to assess the growth and yield response of cassava. Treatments included four rates each of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg/ha) in all possible factorial combination replicated thrice in a randomized complete block design. Application of N at the highest rate significantly (P = 0.05) increased plant height, produced higher number of leaves and branches/plant, stem girth, number and weight of tubers/plant and total fresh tuber yield compared with other treatments. The fresh tuber yield at 120 kg N/ha was however, comparable with that at 80 kg N/ha rate. Cassava growth, fresh tuber yield and all yield attributes peaked at 80 kg K/ha rate. The 120 kg N/ha and 80 kg K/ha rates increased fresh tuber weight by 48 and 45% and total fresh tuber yield by 36 and 27% respectively, compared with the control plots. The application of N between 80 and 120 kg/ha and K at 80 kg/ha appeared appropriate for optimum yield in our study area and are thus recommended.	Cassava; Growth; Nitrogen; Potassium; Yield	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84883399902	Genetic variation of seed physico-chemical properties of Gongronema latifolia accessions in relation to their seedling performance	Agbo C.U., Onyebara S.C.	2013	Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences	23	4	None	Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Agbo, C.U., Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Onyebara, S.C., Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Genetic variation in physico-chemical properties of different accessions of Gongronema latifolia and contributions of such traits to seed emergence were investigated for two years in Nsukka. The study showed significant differences in the studied traits of the G. latifolia accessions. The accession, AC-05 had larger seeds as well as higher seed breadth and cotyledon thickness but lower level of abscisic acid (ABA) in both years. The seedling emergence capacity of the accessions in both years showed that the seedlings emerged earlier and more vigorous in the second year with reduced moisture content and ABA. Higher level of genotypic and phenotypic variance among the accessions on the measured traits occurred on the phenol content. Heritability estimates were higher in the chemical traits of the seeds than the physical traits with the exception of seed weight. Furthermore, the correlation coefficients suggest that accessions with larger seeds also have lower ABA and significantly higher vigorous emergence suggesting the impact of genetic factors in determining the performance of accessions. It was concluded that different accessions showed genetic differences in the seed traits which directly influenced emergence rate and vigour of seedlings over the two years.	Abscisic acid; Emergence; Genetic variation; Gongronema latifolia; Seed traits	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960095020	Seasonal agronomic performance of rice (oryza sativa L.) hybrids in a tidal saline mangrove agro-ecological zone of Nigeria	Ogburia M.N., Okele K.	2010	European Journal of Scientific Research	44	4	None	Department of Crop/Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P. M. B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Ogburia, M.N., Department of Crop/Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P. M. B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Okele, K., Department of Crop/Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P. M. B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	A field experiment was conducted for two years (December, 2001 to December, 2003) at Imbiakpabai, Bayelsa State-a tidal saline mangrove swamp agro-ecological zone of Nigeria, to compare the agronomic performance of 10 swamp rice hybrids between dry and wet season croppings. Percent germination, days to 50% emergence, plant height (cm), tiller number, number of leaves, grain yield (tha-1) among the rice genotypes all varied significantly (P &lt; 0.05). WITA 4 produced highest grain yield (2.19 tha-1) and lowest grain yield was obtained from Tox 303-13-3-1-1-2 (1.03 tha-1). Between the two cropping seasons, higher grain yield (1.66 tha-1) was obtained in the wet season as compared with 1.34 tha-1 of the dry season. Generally, wet season gave better agronomic performance than dry season. WITA 4 and BW 348-1 have been identified as good cultivars for planting in this agro-ecology, and wet season cropping is preferred to that of dry season. © 2010 EuroJournals Publishing, Inc.	Agronomic performance; Grain yield; Mangrove ecology; Nigeria; Rice hybrids; Seasonality	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-82555193627	The effect of different cereal aphid species on the performance of two coccinellid predators	Nyaanga J.G., Kamau A.W., Pathak R.S., Tuey R.K.	2012	Journal of Entomology	9	1	10.3923fle.2012.41.49	Department of Crops, Horticulture and Soils, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton, Kenya; Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, National Plant Breeding Centre, Private Bag, Njoro, Kenya	Nyaanga, J.G., Department of Crops, Horticulture and Soils, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton, Kenya; Kamau, A.W., Department of Crops, Horticulture and Soils, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton, Kenya; Pathak, R.S., Department of Crops, Horticulture and Soils, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton, Kenya; Tuey, R.K., Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, National Plant Breeding Centre, Private Bag, Njoro, Kenya	Coccinellid beetles have been studied worldwide for integration with biological aphid control systems but their performance on different cereal aphid prey has not been investigated. A study was conducted to evaluate the relative suitability of five cereal aphid prey species; Rhopalosiphum padi, Metopolophium dirhodum, Sitobion avenae, Schizaphis graminum and Diurap his noxia on two coccinellid predators; Adonia variegata and Cheilomenes lunata. The five aphid species were separately fed to first instar larvae and newly emerged adult coccinellids in the laboratory. Development and reproduction parameters were quantified. The duration of the immature stages of C. lunata was significantly shorter (F = 1408.34; df = 5, 25; MSE = 0.3; p<0.0001) on R. padi (11.7±0.14) and longest on D. noxia (16.2±0.07). The duration for A. variegata larvae was similarly shorter (F = 8718.94; df = 5, 25; MSE = 0.1; pO.0001) on R. Padi (10.2±0.08) and longest on D. noxia (12.1±0.08). The total eggs produced were higher (F = 25648.0; df = 4, 24; MSE= 3.6; p<0.0001) when C. lunata was fed with R. padi (740.1±3.00) and lowest on D. noxia (203.0±3.23). A. variegata exhibited nearly a similar trend whereby the total eggs produced were highest (F = 4987.08; df = 4, 24; MSE = 5.5; pO.0001) on R. padi (1655.4±4.83) and lowest on D. noxia (244.2±4.69). The two predators coccinellid species C. lunata and A. variegata are deemed to be efficient predators of R. padi, M. dirhodum and S. avenae and poor on D. noxia and S. graminum. © 2012 Academic Journals Inc.	Adonia variegata; Biocontrol; Biology; Chelomenes lunata; Prey suitability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84898739698	Reversing the trend of dismal performance in disadvantaged schools: A curriculum evaluation exercise	Lumadi M.W.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	6 SPEC. ISSUE	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n6p243	Department of Curriculum and Instruction, College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	Lumadi, M.W., Department of Curriculum and Instruction, College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	The deficit of science and mathematics skills is a national problem of such magnitude that it has been, and still is, the subject of heated debates. For the past few years, the Grade 12 results have reflected a worrying trend of a high dropout rate at school level and low performance in these gateway subjects. The College of Education at the University of South Africa (Unisa) has started an MIT Community Engagement Project aimed at reversing the high failure rate in the deep rural areas of the disadvantaged schools in the Vhembe district of the Limpopo and North West provinces (NW). With the assistance of the provincial department of education, experts were identified and they signed a two-year contract with Unisa for teaching mathematics and science at these disadvantaged schools over weekends and during the holidays. An honorarium was set aside to compensate for the transport and tuition fees for these experts from dinaledi (stars) schools. Based on the year-end examination results, further suggestions for a turnaround strategy were formulated.	Curriculum review; Dinaledi; Disadvantaged schools; Failure rate; MIT; Unisa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892560238	E-learning's impact on the academic performance of student-teachers: A curriculum lens	Lumadi M.W.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	14	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n14p695	Department of Curriculum and Instructional Studies, College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	Lumadi, M.W., Department of Curriculum and Instructional Studies, College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	This study was planned to explore the impact of eLearning on the academic performance of student-teachers. The researchers' concern with e-Learning was sanctioned by the need for a teaching and learning strategy that can help institutions of learning address their problems and improve on their outcome. In this respect, the researchers conducted an experiment to find out whether student-teachers taught using the method of e-Learning (blended learning) perform better than studentteachers taught using the traditional method of teaching and learning. Findings offers new evidence that e-Learning has a significant influence on the performance of students as student-teachers taught using eLearning consistently performed better than student-teachers taught using the traditional method. Based on this result, recommendations are made to training institutions to embrace ICTs and become more flexible by adopting learning approaches that are dynamic and multidimensional as problems in education are becoming more complex.	Academic performance; Blended Learning; Competences; E-Learning	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77949695407	Students and teachers' perception of the causes of poor academic performance in ogun state secondary schools [Nigeria]: Implications for couselling for national development	Asikhia O.A.	2010	European Journal of Social Sciences	13	2	None	Department of Curriculum Studies and Instruction Michael, Otedola College of Primary Education Noforija-Epe, Lagos State, Nigeria	Asikhia, O.A., Department of Curriculum Studies and Instruction Michael, Otedola College of Primary Education Noforija-Epe, Lagos State, Nigeria	The study examined the perception of students and teachers on the causes of poor academic performance among secondary school students in Ogun State, Nigeria. Subjects for the study were one hundred and thirty-five (135) students and fifty (50) teachers randomly drawn from five secondary schools in Odogbolu Local Government Area of Ogun State. Questionnaire was used to collect relevant data for the study. Percentages and chi-square were used to analyse the research questions. Responses of teachers showed that teachers' qualification and students' environment do not influence students' poor performance but teachers' methods of teaching influence poor academic performance. Students' response on the other hand showed that while teachers' qualification and students' environment influence students' poor performance, teachers' method of teaching and learning materials do not. The implications of these findings for secondary school guidance counselors interested in counseling adolescents for good academic performance were discussed.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000285389600009	A quasi-experimental evaluation of a community-based art therapy intervention exploring the psychosocial health of children affected by HIV in South Africa	Alie, Collin,Brown, Elizabeth,Jonas, Beatrice,Mueller, Joanne,Sherr, Lorraine	2011	TROPICAL MEDICINE &amp; INTERNATIONAL HEALTH	16	1	10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02682.x	University College London, University of London, Mad Art	"Sherr, Lorraine: University College London","Sherr, Lorraine: University of London",	Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of the Make A Difference about Art programme, a community art programme in South Africa for children affected by HIV and AIDS, which aims to reduce psychosocial problems by increasing self-esteem, self-efficacy and HIV insight. Methods A quasi-experimental cross-sectional post-intervention survey of 297 children aged 8-18 years (177 programme attendees and a control group of 120). Participants completed an inventory comprising standardized, validated psychosocial measures of depression, emotional and behavioural problems, self-esteem and self-efficacy and key sociodemographic variables potentially relevant as risk and protective factors. Results Attending the intervention was predictive of significantly higher self-efficacy, but was not associated with differences in self-esteem, depression, or emotional/behavioural problems. This association remained in the multivariate analysis, controlling for potential confounders. Double parental death exerted a powerful effect on child psychosocial health, eliminating the association between intervention attendance and higher self-efficacy. However, an interaction was found between bereavement status and intervention attendance on child self-efficacy, indicating that the intervention programme may ameliorate some of the psychosocial vulnerabilities associated with becoming an orphan. Other key risk factors for poor psychosocial health in this sample were AIDS-related stigma and community and household violence. Social connection emerged as a key protective factor. Conclusions Our findings suggest that such interventions may offer opportunities to increase the self-efficacy of vulnerable children to protect their psychological health.	"Afrique du Sud",CHILDREN,enfants,Evaluacion,evaluation,HIV,intervencion,INTERVENTION,ninos,"SOUTH AFRICA",Sudafrica,terapia,THERAPIE,THERAPY,VIH,"AIDS-ORPHANED CHILDREN",CAPE-TOWN,"DIFFICULTIES QUESTIONNAIRE",MENTAL-HEALTH,"PROTECTIVE FACTORS",PSYCHIATRI	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77955156143	Effect of constructivist-based teaching strategy on academic performance of students in integrated science at the junior secondary school level	Bimbola O., Daniel O.I.	2010	Educational Research and Reviews	5	7	None	Department of Curriculum Studies and Instructional Technology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria; Biological Sciences Department, College of Science and Information Technology, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State, Nige	Bimbola, O., Department of Curriculum Studies and Instructional Technology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria; Daniel, O.I., Biological Sciences Department, College of Science and Information Technology, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State, Nigeria	Integrated science plays vital role in Nigerian science education programme because it prepares pupils at the Junior Secondary School level for the study of core science subjects at the Senior Secondary School level which in turn brings about students' interest in science oriented courses at the tertiary institutions. Despite government's efforts to encourage science teaching and learning among Nigerian students right from the Junior Secondary School level, the enrolment of students in core science subjects and science oriented courses at the Senior Secondary School level and tertiary institutions level respectively, is not encouraging. This is as a result of Junior Secondary School students' negative attitude towards integrated science. Research reports indicate that this negative attitude was caused, majorly, by teachers' conventional (lecture) method of teaching integrated science. Research reports on the effectiveness of constructivist-based teaching strategy revealed that the strategy enhanced students' academic performance. In view of this, this study examines the effectiveness of constructivist-based teaching strategy on academic performance in integrated science by Junior Secondary School students in South-West Nigeria. Quasi-experimental research design was used to achieve the purpose of this study. Participants were 120 Junior Secondary School Students randomly selected from four out of the 25 co-educational Junior Secondary Schools in Ijebu-ode local government area of ogun state, South-west Nigeria. Findings revealed that the constructivist instructed students had higher scores on the post test and the delayed post test, compared to those exposed to conventional (lecture) method of teaching. We concluded that if integrated science teachers could incorporate constructivist-based teaching strategy into their teaching methods, there would be an improvement in academic performance of Junior Secondary School Students in integrated science. The researchers recommended that integrated science teachers should incorporate constructivist-based teaching strategy in their methods of teaching. © 2010 Academic Journals.	Academic performance; Constructivism; Conventional (lecture); Integrated science; Junior secondary school III students; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84863809434	Effect of teacher's qualification on the performance of senior secondary school physics students: Implication on technology in Nigeria	Owolabi O.T., Adedayo J.O.	2012	English Language Teaching	5	6	10.5539/elt.v5n6p72	Department of Curriculum Studies, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Department of Curriculum Studies, Ekiti State University, P.M.B. 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	Owolabi, O.T., Department of Curriculum Studies, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Adedayo, J.O., Department of Curriculum Studies, Ekiti State University, P.M.B. 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	The study examined the effect of teacher's qualification on the performance of Senior Secondary School students in Physics. The purpose was to determine whether the status of the teacher has any impact on the performance of the students in Physics. The survey type of descriptive research design was adopted. The sample for the study consisted of 100 Senior Secondary Schools Physics students in Ekiti State and the teachers that prepared and presented the students in each school for 2009/2010 West African School Certificate Examination. The year's result summary for each school was collated with the bio-data of their respective Physics teachers. Four hypotheses were postulated and tested at 0.05 significance level. The data collated were analysed using inferential statistics. The results revealed that students taught by teachers with higher qualifications performed better than those taught by teachers with lower qualifications. It was also showed that students performed better in physics when taught by professional teachers. The result also showed that teacher's gender has no effect on their ability to impact knowledge on the students, much as he/she is a skilled teacher in that field of study. However, the experience of the teacher is significant at impacting the students' academic performance in Physics. Based on the findings, it was recommended that experienced teachers with professional qualifications in higher level should teach Physics at the certificate class.	Effect; Performance; Physics; Qualification; Students; Teacher; Technology	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84910047561	Climate change impacts on rural based women: Emerging evidence on coping and adaptation strategies in Tsholotsho, Zimbabwe	Phiri K., Ndlovu S., Chiname T.B.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	23	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n23p2545	Department of Development Studies, Lupane State University, Zimbabwe; Lupane State University, Zimbabwe	Phiri, K., Department of Development Studies, Lupane State University, Zimbabwe; Ndlovu, S., Department of Development Studies, Lupane State University, Zimbabwe; Chiname, T.B., Lupane State University, Zimbabwe	Climate change is one of the major challenges that are confronting developing countries. Rural women in Zimbabwe are one of the most hard hit populace groups. The study sought to investigate how rural women are affected by climate change in relation to their livelihoods. It also explores women’s perception of climate change and the effects of those perceptions on adapting to climate change. Emphasis is made on the effects of climate change on crop production, livestock production and water sources focusing on Tsholotsho District in Zimbabwe. The study used a qualitative approach to obtain data on the effects of climate change. One of the major findings of the study was that the impact of climate change undermines women’s livelihoods which are rain-fed thus leading to accelerated food insecurity problems and heightened impoverishment. The paper concludes that women in rural areas must be prioritized in development programming especially in agriculture to ameliorate impending and inevitable climate change induced food insecurity. © 2014, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Adaptation; Climate change; Livelihoods; Zimbabwe	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903997913	The impacts of small business on poverty reduction in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa	Akinwale O., Ogundiran O.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	15	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n15p156	Department of Development Studies, University of Fort Hare, 1 King Williams Town Road, Alice, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Agricultural Extension, University of Fort Hare, Eastern Cape, South Africa	Akinwale, O., Department of Development Studies, University of Fort Hare, 1 King Williams Town Road, Alice, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Ogundiran, O., Agricultural Extension, University of Fort Hare, Eastern Cape, South Africa	This study identifies the impacts of small business in poverty reduction. Small business plays a major role in rural livelihood. Even in the developed countries, small business contributes more to the economic growth. The study was carried out in Alice, in Eastern Cape provide of South Africa, where people seems to live under the pressure of poverty. Structured questionnaires were administered on twenty-five community members who operate small business. The result shows that small business makes important impacts on livelihoods and thereby serves as an eyes opener for those who view small business as merely a survival strategy. Small business operators have plotted their way out of the bondage of poverty even though it has been though due to many challenges. Conclusively, small businesses have helped to improve the standard of living. If better platform is given, their performance will be better than the present.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893671228	The impact of legislative framework governing waste management and collection in South Africa	Sentime K.	2014	African Geographical Review	33	1	10.1080/19376812.2013.847253	Department of Development Studies, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa	Sentime, K., Department of Development Studies, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa	The legislative framework governing waste management defines the state as the key player and does not recognize informal waste collection in South Africa. There is inconsistency between this framework and the practice on the ground regarding waste collection. While the framework puts the state at the centre, the reality on the ground is that of the lack of specific policy directed at waste recycling. Thus, this gap which was supposed to be overcome by the state has been filled by an informal waste collection enterprise. This paper carries out a critical review of the legislative framework and reveals how it fails to take into account the reality of informal waste collectors who need to be empowered and formalized as they cover for the limits and failures of the state in Greater Johannesburg. The data for this research were collected through questionnaire survey, focus group discussion as well as interview in order to understand informal waste collectors social profile, types of waste collected, recycling approaches, challenges facing them as well as their spending patterns. The results show informal waste collectors in Braamfontein, Killarney and Newtown suburb of Johannesburg, who originated locally from South Africa and from other neighbouring countries such as Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique and Zimbabwe. The types of waste collected include: metal, plastic and glass as well as paper, but this varied from one area to another. The findings here are consitent with research elsewhere which shows that if well organized and supported by government and other stakeholders, waste collection and management can contribute positively in many aspects including jobs creation, poverty reduction, conserve natural resources and protect the environment as well as in empowering grassroots investment. © 2013 The African Specialty Group of the Association of American Geographers.	Informal waste collection; Legislative framework; Urban poverty; Waste management	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84869431263	The impact of non-formal education on skills and knowledge of community development workers: A case study	Kotzé D.A.	2012	Africa Development	37	2	None	Department of Development Studies, University of South Africa, South Africa	Kotzé, D.A., Department of Development Studies, University of South Africa, South Africa	The ultimate route to address the needs of the poor is through a community development process with projects as the main vehicle. The main role player to facilitate this process is the community development worker. This article focuses firstly on the role and importance of non-formal education in community development and, secondly, on the impact of non-formal education and training on the knowledge and skills of community development workers responsible for the facilitation of projects. The article is based on an evaluation of a nonformal education programme that was developed to enhance the knowledge and skills of community development workers involved in the planning and execution of community-based development projects. © Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa, 2012.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84964893750	The role of cardiac CT angiography in the pre- and postoperative evaluation of tetralogy of Fallot	Banderker E., Pretorius E., de Decker R.	2015	South African Journal of Radiology	19	2	10.4102/sajr.v19i2.899	Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Division of Cardiology, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa	Banderker, E., Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Pretorius, E., Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; de Decker, R., Division of Cardiology, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa	Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the first described and most common cyanotic congenital heart anomaly that generated the first successful surgical palliation procedure and definitive intracardiac repair. Classical TOF comprises the four typical features of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO), right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), ventricular septal defect (VSD) and aortic dextroposition. Complex forms of the condition include TOF associated with absent pulmonary valve and TOF with pulmonary atresia (TOF-PA) with or without major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAs). The pathophysiological understanding that the tetrad is basically the sequel of a singular abnormality of infundibular malformation, with anterior deviation of the infundibular septum, had major surgical consequences that improved survival. Diagnostic and functional imaging play a key role in the clinical and surgical management of patients with TOF. We revisit the role of traditionally employed imaging modalities (echocardiography and cardiac catheterisation) only briefly as these remain within the domain of cardiology practice. The emphasis of the present review is to outline the role of cardiac computed tomographic angiography (CTA) in the evaluation of TOF, with special reference to the technical considerations and best practice recommendations. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is addressed only in passing, as this service is not currently available at our institution. © 2015. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84856431067	The Difference of Performance as Research	Fleishman M.	2012	Theatre Research International	37	1	10.1017/S0307883311000745	Department of Drama, University of Cape Town, South Africa	Fleishman, M., Department of Drama, University of Cape Town, South Africa	This article considers the proposition that performance as research is a series of embodied repetitions in time, on both micro (bodies, movements, sounds, improvisations, moments) and macro (events, productions, projects, installations) levels, in search of a series of differences. It investigates the proposition in terms of Bergson's notion of b creative evolutionb and Deleuze's engagement with it, and is concerned with questions such as: what nature of differences does performance as research give rise to? Where do the differences lie, in the repetitions or in the spaces in between? And is there a point at which the unleashing of differences is exhausted, a point at which, perhaps, the evolution becomes an involution, either a shrinkage of difference, an inverted return to the same, or, in the Deleuzian sense, a new production no longer dependent on differentiation but on transversal modes of becoming? © International Federation for Theatre Research 2012.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84925537404	Linking functional traits to impacts of invasive plant species: a case study	te Beest M., Esler K.J., Richardson D.M.	2014	Plant Ecology	216	2	10.1007/s11258-014-0437-5	Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Centre for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa; Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa; Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa	te Beest, M., Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Centre for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa, Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa; Esler, K.J., Centre for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa, Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa; Richardson, D.M., Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa	Our understanding of the link between plant functional traits and ecological impact of invasive alien plant species is fragmentary and the mechanisms leading to impacts are poorly understood. Moreover, current knowledge is heavily biased to the temperate regions of the world and we know much less about traits and impacts of invaders in tropical and subtropical ecosystems. We studied two leaf traits of the invasive alien shrub Chromolaena odorata and the impacts of its invasion on native vegetation in savannas. We compared specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf area index (LAI) between C. odorata and native species and assessed how C. odorata differentially affects canopy light interception, soil moisture, soil nutrients, and litter accumulation compared to native species. We found that C. odorata has higher SLA and LAI than native species, lower light and moisture levels below its canopy, but higher nutrient levels and a higher litter accumulation rate. Because of its higher SLA, C. odorata grows faster, resulting in more biomass, increased litter accumulation and higher nutrient availability. Due to its high SLA and LAI, C. odorata intercepts more light and reduces available moisture more than do native trees due to higher transpiration rates, reducing the biomass of native understory vegetation. This study provides empirical evidence for strong links between plant functional traits and ecological impact of invasive plant species, highlighting the importance of traits in predicting ecosystem-level impacts of invasive plant species. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.	Functional traits; LAI; Leaf area; Litter; Plant invasions; Relative growth rate; Savanna; SLA	None	85417, National Research Foundation
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894095559	Performance evaluation of wind turbines for energy generation in Niger Delta, Nigeria	Adaramola M.S., Oyewola O.M., Ohunakin O.S., Akinnawonu O.O.	2014	Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments	6	None	10.1016/j.seta.2014.01.001	Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, The Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun	Adaramola, M.S., Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, The Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway; Oyewola, O.M., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Ohunakin, O.S., Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Akinnawonu, O.O., Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	This paper evaluates wind energy potentials of seven selected locations spreading across Niger-Delta region of Nigeria using wind speed data that extend over 9 to 37. years and subjected to 2-parameter Weibull distribution functions. The performance of four wind turbine models ranging from 35 to 500. kW was simulated in all the locations considered. The results show that the performance of all the wind energy conversion systems gave the least energy output values at Ikom. In addition, annual energy output ranged from 4.07. MWh at Ikom to 145.57. MWh at Ogoja with Polaris America (100. kW) and Zeus Energy (500. kW) wind turbines respectively. It was also observed that, irrespective of the site, G-3120 (35. kW) wind turbine has the highest capacity factor among the models considered. Therefore, for wind energy development, G-3120 model or wind turbine with similar rated wind speed would be most suitable in all the locations. The number of inhabitants that can be served by the energy produced using G-3120 turbine in each location was estimated. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.	Energy output; Niger Delta region; Nigeria; Power density; Wind turbine	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892388989	Comparative performance of volatility models for oil price	Salisu A.A., Fasanya I.O.	2012	International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy	2	3	None	Department of Economics and Centre for Econometrics and Allied Research (CEAR), University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Economics, Fountain University, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria	Salisu, A.A., Department of Economics and Centre for Econometrics and Allied Research (CEAR), University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Fasanya, I.O., Department of Economics, Fountain University, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria	In this paper, we compare the performance of volatility models for oil price using daily returns of WTI. The innovations of this paper are in two folds: (i) we analyse the oil price across three sub samples namely period before, during and after the global financial crisis, (ii) we also analyse the comparative performance of both symmetric and asymmetric volatility models for the oil price. We find that oil price was most volatile during the global financial crises compared to other sub samples. Based on the appropriate model selection criteria, the asymmetric GARCH models appear superior to the symmetric ones in dealing with oil price volatility. This finding indicates evidence of leverage effects in the oil market and ignoring these effects in oil price modelling will lead to serious biases and misleading results.	Crude oil price; Global financial crisis; Volatility modelling	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84861540352	Understanding student performance in a large class	Snowball J.D., Boughey C.	2012	Innovations in Education and Teaching International	49	2	10.1080/14703297.2012.677658	Department of Economics and Economic History, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa; Centre for Higher Education Research, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa	Snowball, J.D., Department of Economics and Economic History, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa; Boughey, C., Centre for Higher Education Research, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa	Across the world, university teachers are increasingly being required to engage with diversity in the classes they teach. Using the data from a large Economics 1 class at a South African university, this attempts to understand the effects of diversity on chances of success and how assessment can impact on this. By demonstrating how theory can be used to understand results, the paper aims to encourage university teachers to adopt proactive strategies in managing diversity, rather than simply explaining it using student characteristics. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	assessment; Economics teaching; student diversity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880040881	Dancing with the devil: formative peer assessment and academic performance	Snowball J.D., Mostert M.	2013	Higher Education Research and Development	32	4	10.1080/07294360.2012.705262	Department of Economics and Economic History, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa; Centre for Higher Education Research, Teaching and Learning, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa	Snowball, J.D., Department of Economics and Economic History, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa; Mostert, M., Centre for Higher Education Research, Teaching and Learning, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa	Peer assessment can be important in developing active and independent learners, as well as providing more and faster feedback in large classes, compared to marking done by tutors. In addition, the evaluative, critical stance required by students in order to assess their peers' work encourages the development of higher-order cognitive skills. Changing roles from being assessed to being an assessor can also improve students' ability to judge and improve on their own work. However, peer assessment does have potential problems and there is some debate as to the appropriate academic level at which to implement it, the kinds of feedback that are given and the ways in which students respond. In addition, there is little evidence that peer assessment has an impact on academic performance. This research reports the results of an online peer assessment exercise for a macroeconomics essay conducted in a large Economics 1 class at Rhodes University. Of the 800 students, about half participated in the peer assessment exercise. Data were collected from students via a formal course evaluation. In addition, a sample of 50 essays was evaluated in terms of the relationship between peer marks and final (tutor) marks received and the impact that peer assessment had on the quality of the final essay submitted. An Ordinary Least Squares regression was used to investigate the impact of peer assessment participation on marks. Results showed that peer marks tended to 'bunch' in the 60-68% range, indicating the reluctance of peers to give very high or low marks. In general, peers gave more useful feedback on technical aspects, such as presentation and referencing (which were also the categories in which students most often made improvements), than on content. Regression analysis showed that peer assessment participation was not a significant determinant of final essay mark, but that economics ability and English language proficiency were. © 2013 Copyright HERDSA.	academic outcomes; impact; large classes; online; peer assessment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924785383	Effects of dietary supplementation of fumaric acid on growth performance of african catfish clarias gariepinus and aeromonas sobria challenge	Omosowone O., Dada A., Adeparusi E.	2015	Ribarstvo, Croatian Journal of Fisheries	73	1	10.14798/73.1.782	Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	Omosowone, O., Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; Dada, A., Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; Adeparusi, E., Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	Five iso-nitrogenous (39.0% crude protein) and iso-caloric diets (510 kJ gross energy) were prepared, with fumaric acid added at varying inclusion levels; 0 (D1), 0.5 (D2), 1.0 (D3), 1.5 (D4) or 2.0 (D5) g kg-1 of diet. Diets were fed to triplicate groups of Clarias gariepinus (mean initial weight 68.14±1.5 g) for 84 days in 50 liters glass tanks. At the end of the experiment, fish fed with diet D3 gave significantly higher growth indices closely followed by the control diet (D1). There were significant differences in weight gain, specific growth rate, food conversion ratio and percentage survival in fish fed diet D3 when compared with those fed diet D5. The haematological parameters of experimental fish revealed significant variations among treatments. The highest haemoglobin, packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) values were recorded in fish fed diet D2 while the lowest were recorded in those fed diets D3. Challenge test showed that mortality was 100% in the control while it was between 0 and 86.67% in other treatments. Inclusion of 1.0 g kg-1 of fumaric acid in C. gariepinus diets boosted growth. Inclusion of 0.5 g kg-1 of fumaric acid improved fish haematological parameters. In overall, incorporation of fumaric acid in C. gariepinus diets improved fish survival after Aeromonas sobria challenge. © The Author(s) 2015. Published by University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture. All rights reserved.	Catfish; Haematological parameters; Organic acid; Pathogenic bacteria; Survival	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84918773573	The impact of foreign direct investment on economic growth and employment in south africa: A time series analysis	Tshepo M.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	25	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n25p18	Department of Economics and Management Science, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, South Africa	Tshepo, M., Department of Economics and Management Science, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, South Africa	The aim of this paper was an attempt to estimate the impact of foreign direct investment on economic growth and employment in South Africa for a period of 24 years, thus from 1990 to 2013. The study employed in its analysis, the unit root test to test for stationarity of the time series, the Johansen Cointegration test to test for the existence of long-run relationship among the variables and finally, Granger causality test to establish the causal relationship between the variables. Employment and GDP were found to be stationary at first order difference, while FDI was found to be stationary at level form. The cointegration test confirmed the existence of a long-run relationship between the variables. The Granger Causality test results confirmed the direction of causality which runs from FDI to GDP and from FDI to employment. From the results, there is strong evidence that from 1990 to 2013 there was a positive long-run relationship between FDI, GDP and employment in South Africa. Adding to these tests, various diagnostic tests also confirmed that the research results are reliable. In addition, the paper also identified factors that might affect the flow of foreign investors into South Africa. These factors include; return on investment, human capital, cost of labour, labour disputes and corruption. The government should emphasise more on these factors to make South Africa conducive for foreign investment. My empirical results thus suggest that FDI should be considered as a mechanism to boost long-term economic growth and employment in South Africa. © 2014 Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Economic growth and employment; Foreign direct investment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84860719505	Impact of social crises on economic development: Theoretical evidence from Nigeria	Saheed Zakaree S., Egwaikhide C.I.	2012	Social Sciences	7	1	10.3923/sscience.2012.36.43	Department of Economics and Management Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna, Nigeria	Saheed Zakaree, S., Department of Economics and Management Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna, Nigeria; Egwaikhide, C.I., Department of Economics and Management Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna, Nigeria	Social crisis could be corruption, ethno-religious, war, genocide or political which effects are destruction of properties, waste of resources and hence, inefficient utilization of resources. Though, Nigeria is blessed with abundant natural and human resources, however the country has always been in one crisis or the other ranging from corruption, ethnic and religious to political crises. This study therefore, examines the impact of these social crises on effective and efficient utilization of both its natural and human resources towards the development of its economy using a descriptive analysis approach. Findings indicate that social crises in Nigeria, especially corruption and ethno-religious conflicts have been a clog on the wheels of economic growth and development in Nigeria. Based on these findings, some policy recommendations were offered which include the promotion of religion tolerance and peaceful coexistence of the citizens and monitoring of the activities of its people through the establishment of committee of elders to quickly intervene and nip in the bud any crisis before it degenerate to a major conflict. The government should employ the rule of engagement in deciding what the citizens want and take steps in meeting their needs rather than deciding on its own what to provide for the people. © Medwell Journals, 2012.	Corruption and efficient; Crisis; Economy; Growth; Resources; Social; Tolerance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939477953	Impact of investment in information technology on financial performance of Nigerian banks: Is there a productivity paradox?	Farouk B.K.U., Dandago K.I.	2015	Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce	20	1	None	Department of Economics and Management Sciences, Nigerian Defence Academy (NDA)Kaduna, Nigeria; School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, 06010 UUM SintokKedah Darrul Aman, Malaysia	Farouk, B.K.U., Department of Economics and Management Sciences, Nigerian Defence Academy (NDA)Kaduna, Nigeria; Dandago, K.I., School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, 06010 UUM SintokKedah Darrul Aman, Malaysia	This research investigates the impact of investment in Information Technology (IT) on the financial performance of banks in Nigeria. The study covers post-Banking (2006-2010) consolidation period of 5 years. The population of the study comprises of all the 24 banks, and a random sampling of 10 banks was made. The study employs secondary data generated from annual reports and accounts of the banks, records maintained by the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) and Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) reports. The data obtained were analyzed using the panel data regression model where investment in IT (hardware, software and Automated Teller Machine [ATM]), total earnings (TR) and total cost (TC) of the 10 sampled banks were used as the independent variables while financial performance is the dependent variable, proxied by return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), net profit margin (NPM) and earnings per share (EPS). Four hypotheses were developed and tested in line with the proxies to the dependent variables. The result from the panel regression revealed that there is a significant relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variables, but the ttest revealed that the impact of IT investment on the financial performance of Nigeria banks is significant for ROA, ROE and EPS at 5% significance level but not significant for NPM at 5% and 10% significance level. The effect of TR is positive and that of TC is negative on all the four financial performance measures, but the effect of IT investment on all the four financial performance variables is negative, which is not an expected sign. This means that an increase on IT spending leads to a decrease in the financial performance of Nigerian banks, that is to say heavy IT investment does not increase anks profitability, hence there is existence of IT productivity paradox in the Nig ria banking industry. © Bilkisu Kabiru Usman Farouk and Kabiru Isa Dandago, 2015.	Financial performance; Information technology; Investment; Nigerian banks; Productivity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84944457091	The economy wide impact of investment on infrastructure for electricity in ethiopia: A recursive dynamic computable general equilibrium approach	Borojo D.G.	2015	International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy	5	4	None	Department of Economics, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia	Borojo, D.G., Department of Economics, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia	This study has applied a recursive dynamic computable general equilibrium model to examine the economic impact of investment on infrastructure for electricity using an updated 2009/10 social accounting matrix. Three simulations (foreign saving, domestic household and enterprises saving and mix of foreign and domestic saving to finance the investment) in combination with total factor productivity of industrial and service sectors are used. The findings of the study have shown the improvement of the real gross domestic product (GDP), output of industrial and service sectors in all simulations. Nonetheless, mixed effects have found on household consumption and trade balance. The highest growth of real GDP is registered when the investment on electricity is fully financed by domestic household and enterprise saving. However, household consumption expenditure has grown at negative rate worsening the welfare of households. Investment on electricity fully financed by foreign saving is resulted in lower growth rate of real GDP due to worsening of net export. In addition, it has benefits for households as it increases their welfare. But it is to be repaid in the future that would increase indebtedness of the country. So, financing the investment partly by domestic household saving and foreign saving would be worthwhile. © 2015, Econjournals. All rights reserved.	Economy; Electricity infrastructure; Recursive dynamic computable general equilibrium model	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84881242670	The impact of educational expenditure on economic growth in nigeria: An error correction specification	Irughe I.R.	2013	Social Sciences (Pakistan)	8	2	10.3923/sscience.2013.106.212	Department of Economics, Adeyemi college of Education, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria	Irughe, I.R., Department of Economics, Adeyemi college of Education, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria	Education has been viewed by many as a tool for national transformation. Notwithstanding, the realization of this fact is not so clear going by the number factors militating against this all important sector. It is against this backdrop that this study empirically examines the impact of education expenditure on economic growth in Nigeria. Data for the study were extracted from the CBN statistically Bulletin from 1977-2009. The study employed the error correction modeling technique and a geometric method of analyses. The study revealed that education expenditure had significantly negative effect on growth. It was also discovered that the education expenditure in Nigeria followed a dwindling pattern. Based on the findings, it was recommended that public expenditure on education maintains an upward budgetary allocation that is consistent. © Medwell Journals, 2013.	Budgetary allocation; CBN; Economic growth; Education expenditure; Error correction technique	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900396430	The impact of Nigeria microfinance banks on poverty reduction: Imo state experience	Ihugba O.A., Bankong B., Ebomuche N.C.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	16 SPEC.ISSUE	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n16p97	Department Of Economics, Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education Owerri Imo State, Nigeria	Ihugba, O.A., Department Of Economics, Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education Owerri Imo State, Nigeria; Bankong, B., Department Of Economics, Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education Owerri Imo State, Nigeria; Ebomuche, N.C., Department Of Economics, Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education Owerri Imo State, Nigeria	This paper attempts to provide a critical appraisal of the debate on the effectiveness of microfinance as an effective tool for eradicating poverty and also the history of microfinance banks in Nigeria. It argues that while microfinance has developed some innovative management and business strategies, its impact on poverty reduction remains in doubt. Micro finance impact on poverty reduction in Imo state was studied by a stratified sampling method in the selection of the customers. The study area was divided into 16 sample units based on the various local government areas in Imo state. Four (4) MFBs were purposefully selected from each of the 3 Senatorial Zones, making a total of 12 MFBs. In order to have unbiased selection of samples, Three Hundred and eighty two questionnaires (382) were randomly distributed to customers of these selected microfinance Banks in the three senatorial Zones as follows, namely: Owerri (82), Okigwe (100) and Orlu (200). The result revealed that majority of respondents were male constituting about 78% while women 22% and majority of the respondents were married (65%), single (33%) divorced (2%). 137 of the respondents do not have any formal education, 67 possess primary school leaving certificate. 81 indicated having secondary school certificate. 71 with diploma/NCE and its equivalent. 28 of them have first degree certificate and above representing 36%, 17%, 21%, 19% and 7% respectively. The monthly income brackets of the respondents show that One hundred and eleven (111) respondents (29%) indicated earning N10,000 N15,000, 95 respondents or 25% indicated N15,001 - N20,000 as their income bracket, 94 or 24% were earning above N20,000, while 84 (22%) indicated earning below N10,000. From the result, high income class has more capacity to save than poor dwelling in rural areas. The finding appears to support the predication of Economics theory of savings which argues that saving is a function of the level of income. The implication of this study is that the federal government of Nigeria and financial institutions in the country should take up the challenge of establishing bank branches in the rural areas or make formidable arrangement for supplying more credit to the rural dwellers.	Micro credit; Micro finance; Poverty reduction	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-83255164754	A decade of private sector initiative in tertiary education in Nigeria: Impact analysis on human capital development	Okwu A.T., Obiakor R.T., Oluwalaiye O.B., Obiwuru T.C.	2011	European Journal of Social Sciences	26	4	None	Department of Economics, Banking and Finance, Babcock University, Nigeria; Department of Actuarial Science, University of Lagos, Nigeria	Okwu, A.T., Department of Economics, Banking and Finance, Babcock University, Nigeria; Obiakor, R.T., Department of Economics, Banking and Finance, Babcock University, Nigeria; Oluwalaiye, O.B., Department of Economics, Banking and Finance, Babcock University, Nigeria; Obiwuru, T.C., Department of Actuarial Science, University of Lagos, Nigeria	In any economy, human capital development is a function of the quality of its educational system, particularly at the tertiary level. Consequently, investment in human capital through qualitative education programmes is worthwhile especially where the potentials for tertiary admission are in their hundreds of thousands who could become liability to the nation, if not catered for. The geometrical expansion of potentials for tertiary admission has outstripped the capabilities of the nation's tertiary institutions due to limitations beyond their control. This paper attempts an empirical analysis of the impact of a decade of private sector initiative in tertiary education in Nigeria on human capital development. For the analysis, a multiple regression model is specified based on perceived functional relationship between education and human capital development. Data considered relevant indicators of private sector tertiary education initiative and human capital development were elicited and used to estimate and evaluate the model via the ordinary least squares (OLS) techniques and relevant statistics. The result shows that the sector's initiative is yet to make significant contribution to human capital development, though it possesses great potentials for significant positive impact in no distant future subject to appropriate strategic approaches. The paper identifies private tertiary institutions as a veritable factor in human development issues in Nigeria, consequently, the paper recommends, among others, that the private tertiary institutions should adopt piece meal approach in their expansion and diversification processes into the core human resource need of the country - science and technology-oriented programmes. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2011.	Human capital development; Private sector initiative; Tertiary education	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904095035	The impact of interest rate on bank deposit: Evidence from the Nigerian banking sector	Ojeaga P., Odejimi O.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	16	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n16p232	Department of Economics, Bergamo University, Bergamo, Italy; Department of Economics, Benin, Nigeria	Ojeaga, P., Department of Economics, Bergamo University, Bergamo, Italy; Odejimi, O., Department of Economics, Benin, Nigeria	The study investigates the effect of interest rates on customer savings behavior in the Nigerian banking sector, after identifying a host of factors that are likely to influence customer confidence in commercial banks such as average income, commercial lending, legal rights strength, central bank monetary policy and total annual commercial bank losses, using quantile regression estimation method, a non parametric estimation process that is based on the premise that the sample median will tend to that of the distribution and addresses issues of heteroscedastic errors and data stringency associated with the data used in the study under question. We find that interest rates were probably increasing bank deposits while income was also found to affect bank deposits in general.	Bank deposits; Bank losses and monetary policy; Income; Interest rates	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84927176457	Empirical assessment of e-learning on performance in principles of economics	Aljamal A., Cader H., Chiemeke C., Speece M.	2015	International Review of Economics Education	18	None	10.1016/j.iree.2015.02.002	Department of Economics, College of Business and Economics, American University of Kuwait, P.O. Box 3323, Safat, Kuwait; Monetary Policy Department, Central Bank of Nigeria, Central Business District, No. 33, Tafawa Belewa Way, Garki, Abuja, Nigeria; Depa	Aljamal, A., Department of Economics, College of Business and Economics, American University of Kuwait, P.O. Box 3323, Safat, Kuwait; Cader, H., Department of Economics, College of Business and Economics, American University of Kuwait, P.O. Box 3323, Safat, Kuwait; Chiemeke, C., Monetary Policy Department, Central Bank of Nigeria, Central Business District, No. 33, Tafawa Belewa Way, Garki, Abuja, Nigeria; Speece, M., Department of Marketing, College of Business and Economics, American University of Kuwait, P.O. Box 3323, Safat, Kuwait	Abstract This research assessed the effectiveness of online assignments in principles of macroeconomics classes. Students were divided into two groups where the first was required to submit online assignments (treatment) while the other was not (control). Standardized examinations were used as Pretest and Posttest to quantify the online assignments' impact on students' performance. Results showed no significant difference in performance between treatment and control groups. Furthermore, when looking closely at students' performance within the treatment group, results indicate that neither the use of online assignments, nor the degree or intensity of their use tends to have significant impact on students' performance. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	e-Learning; Economic education; Higher education; Online assignments	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78649778038	Empirical modelling of the impact of financial innovation on the demand for money in Nigeria	Matthew O.A., Fasina F.F., Olowe O., Adegboye B.F.	2010	International Research Journal of Finance and Economics	58	None	None	Department of Economics, Development Studies, College of Development Studies Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; Department of Banking and Finance, College of Development Studies Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	Matthew, O.A., Department of Economics, Development Studies, College of Development Studies Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; Fasina, F.F., Department of Economics, Development Studies, College of Development Studies Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; Olowe, O., Department of Banking and Finance, College of Development Studies Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Adegboye, B.F., Department of Banking and Finance, College of Development Studies Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	Financial innovation refers both to technological advances which facilitate access to information, trading and means of payment. The demand for money is very crucial in the conduct and determination of the effectiveness of monetary policy. This study attempts to analyse whether financial innovations that occurred in Nigeria after the Structural Adjustment Programme of 1986 has affected the demand for money in Nigeria using the Engle and Granger Two-Step Cointegration technique. Though the study revealed that demand for money conforms to the theory that income is positively related to the demand for cash balances and interest rate has an inverse relationship with the demand for real cash balances, it was also discovered that the financial innovations introduced into the financial system have not significantly affected the demand for money in Nigeria. Based on the results obtained, a policy of attracting more participants (non-government) and private sector funds to the money market is necessary as this will deepen the market and make the market more dynamic and amenable to monetary policy. Therefore, the study concludes that financial innovation has had no significant impact on the demand for money in Nigeria and the SAP era financial liberalization policies have had no indirect impact on the demand for money as well. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2010.	DD; Deposit; Interest rate; M; Money demand; Narrow money; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-48649110107	Effect of capital structure on firms' performance: The Nigeria performance	Akintoye I.R.	2008	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	10	None	Department of Economics, Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Akintoye, I.R., Department of Economics, Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	In this paper, we examined the effect of capital structure on firms performance. We address the following questions: Does higher leverage lead to better firm performance? Is the effect of performance on leverage similar across the distribution of different capital structures? Using a sample of 10 Nigerian quoted firms with consideration of their financial statements for three years, we discover that an evenly distributed capital structure has positive effect on firms performance, while the effect of performance on leverage varies across the distribution of different capital structure as seen from the companies understudied. Most of the equity financed firms in this study performed as much as those who employed debt in their structure in term returns on equity and assets. Although we cannot generalize this fact as few other firms with debt finance performed more efficiently as in the case of Nestle Nig. Plc, Northern Nig Flour Mills Plc, hence the effect of leverage on efficiency varies across the distribution of different capital structure lending credence to the agency cost theory of Jensen and Meckling(1976). We therefore recommend that investors should concentrate on engagement of efficient management team, motivation and other developmental programmes so as to achieve goal congruence in the long run.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-65249084958	Sensitivity of performance to capital structure	Akintoye I.R.	2008	European Journal of Social Sciences	7	1	None	Department of Economics, Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Akintoye, I.R., Department of Economics, Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	This study is borne out of the need to establish the presence or otherwise of the responsiveness of EBIT, EPS and DPS as performance indicators to turnover, which is a measure of leverage, with respect to selected Food and Beverages companies in Nigeria. We computed the degree(s) of Leverage(s) ratios - i.e the DOL, DFL, DCL, as well as the percentage change in DPS relative to percentage change in EBIT inorder to achieve our study's objective. Our results reveal that performance indicators used in our study are significantly sensitive to the capital structure, for most of the companies considered in our study. Our findings reveal the followings: • Most of the companies used have their EBIT, EPS and DPS sensitive to turnover, which is in support of the apriori expectation. • Results from Nigerian Bottling Company Plc, negate the apriori expectation, as an increase in its turnover in year 2004, does not result in a corresponding increase in its EBIT, let alone EPS and DPS, rather a loss of 44.9% was recorded. • Results from Nestle Nig. Plc, Cadbury Nig. Plc and 7-Up Bottling Co Plc, also support the apriori expectation of a positive relationship between performance indicators and turnover. We also discovered that shareholders in most of the companies considered enjoy double benefits of dividend declaration and wealth creation; hence, the study disputes the present dividend theory which believes that organizations shareholders either support dividend declaration or wealth creation and not the two. Our study shows that both dividend declaration and wealth creation could be relevant to shareholders. We therefore conclude based on our findings, that irrespective of the dividend policy adopted by an organization, the rate of change in capital structure is a major influence on what organisations behaviour is likely to be. In addition this study lend credence to developing a third school of thought in dividend theory, to provide a place for the relevance of both dividend declaration and wealth creation to shareholders as against the present dividend theory which provides for either, of these two schools.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-64549122298	Budget and budgetary control for improved performance: A consideration for selected food and beverages companies in Nigeria	Akintoye I.R.	2008	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	12	None	Department of Economics, Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, West Africa, Nigeria	Akintoye, I.R., Department of Economics, Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, West Africa, Nigeria	Budget and Budgetary control, both at management and operational level looks at the future and lays down what has to be achieved. Control checks whether or not the plans are realized, and puts into effect corrective measures where deviation or shortfall is occurring. This study examines how budget and budgetary control can impact on the performance of the selected food and beverages companies in Nigeria, as considered in this study, being a sample of the entire population of the firms in the Nigerian Manufacturing Industry. We reviewed the performance of the Nigeria manufacturing industry in previous and recent times. We found out that the performance of this industry leaves much to be desired due to factors such as neglect of the industry due to over dependence on crude oil, epileptic power supply, collapsing infrastructures, unfavourable sectoral reforming among others and have resulted in low capacity utilization of the manufacturing industry. An empirical investigation was undertaken, using the simple correlation analytics technique specifically the Pearson product movement correlation coefficient. In most of he cases considered, established the presence of strong relationship between turnover as a variable of budget and performance indicators - EPS, DPS and NAS, of the selected food and beverages companies. Following our findings, we advise managers and business operators (not only in the manufacturing industry) to pay more attention to their budgetary control systems, for those without an existing budgetary control system, they should put one in place, and those with a dummy or passive budgetary control system, it is time they re-established a result-oriented budgetary control system as it goes a long way in repositioning the manufacturing industry from its creeping performance level to an improved high capacity utilization point. © EuroJournals, Inc. 2008.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80053073181	The impact of foreign direct investment on economic growth in Nigeria	Benjamin Badeji O., Olufunsho Abayomi O.	2011	International Research Journal of Finance and Economics	73	None	None	Department of Economics, Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, Osun State, Nigeria; Department of Economics, Lagos State University, Ojo - Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria	Benjamin Badeji, O., Department of Economics, Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, Osun State, Nigeria; Olufunsho Abayomi, O., Department of Economics, Lagos State University, Ojo - Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria	The paper examines the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth in Nigeria. It also examines the locational choice of foreign investors and the viability of FDI to Nigeria using a two Stage-Least squares method of simultaneous equations. The result reveals that there exists a negative relationship between economic growth, proxied by real GDP; and FDI in Nigeria. Size of exports, exchange rate and political stability were found to be very relevant in the locational choice of foreign investment in Nigeria. To attract more FDI to Nigeria therefore, government should encourage more domestic investment, ensure political stability and make guided openness of the economy the watchword in this era of global liberalization to trade and FDI policies in order to make FDI growth enhancing in Nigeria. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2011.	FDI; Locational choice and viability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924677174	Impacts of oil foreign direct investment on environment and poverty level in niger delta oil producing region: A structural equation modeling approach	Kareem S.D., Oke D.M., Enoho D.V., Sakiru O.K., Adesina B.D.	2014	International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy	4	4	None	Department of Economics, Lagos State University, Nigeria; Department of Human Resource Development, Unversiti Putra, Malaysia; Department of Banking and Finance, Yaba College Technology, Nigeria	Kareem, S.D., Department of Economics, Lagos State University, Nigeria; Oke, D.M., Department of Economics, Lagos State University, Nigeria; Enoho, D.V., Department of Economics, Lagos State University, Nigeria; Sakiru, O.K., Department of Human Resource Development, Unversiti Putra, Malaysia; Adesina, B.D., Department of Banking and Finance, Yaba College Technology, Nigeria	This study examines impacts of oil foreign direct investment on the environment and welfare of people of Niger delta oil producing communities, using structural equation models. Overall, it was found that oil foreign direct investment has consistent impact on the environment than the wellbeing of the community, which results in high levels of poverty. The implication is that there is environmental diseconomies and widespread of poverty in the area. Thus, there is need for fostering sustainable partnership between the oil foreign direct investors and the host communities by suitable consideration of the issues of mitigation of environmental problems that will reduce the poverty level of the people. The environmental and socioeconomic system should be developed to maintain an intensity of biodiversity that will give assurance to the buoyancy of the ecosystems on which human consumption and production depend. © 2014, Econjournals. All rights reserved.	Environmental degradation; Foreign direct investment; Poverty; Structural equation modeling	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880491753	Real exchange rate misalignment and economic performance in Namibia	Eita J.H., Jordaan A.C.	2013	Corporate Ownership and Control	10	3 E,CONT4	None	Department of Economics, Monash University (South African Campus), Private Bag X60, Roodepoort, 1725, South Africa; Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Eita, J.H., Department of Economics, Monash University (South African Campus), Private Bag X60, Roodepoort, 1725, South Africa; Jordaan, A.C., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, South Africa	This paper estimates the real exchange rate misalignment and investigates its impact on economic performance and competitiveness of Namibia for the period 1970 to 2011 using cointegrated vector autoregression methods. The results show that there were periods of overvaluation and undervaluation of the real exchange rate. The analysis reveals that misalignment has a negative impact on the competitiveness and performance of the economy. Maintaining the real exchange rate out of equilibrium reduces economic performance and competitiveness. This suggests that policy makers should monitor the real exchange rate regularly and make the exchange rate policy part of trade promotion strategy.	Autoregressions; Economic performance; Namibia; Trade promotion strategy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84865412687	Determining the impact of a low-cost housing development on nearby property prices using discrete choice analysis	du Preez M., Sale M.C.	2012	Journal for Studies in Economics and Econometrics	36	2	None	Department of Economics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, University Way, Port Elizabeth 6001, South Africa	du Preez, M., Department of Economics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, University Way, Port Elizabeth 6001, South Africa; Sale, M.C., Department of Economics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, University Way, Port Elizabeth 6001, South Africa	This paper presents an application of the conditional logit model to a small, Nelson Mandela Bay neighbourhood housing data set, with the objective of determining the impact of proximity to a low-cost housing development on nearby property prices. The results of this pilot study show that the average household in the neighbourhood of Walmer is willing to pay between R27 262 and R195 564 to be located 86m further away from an existing low-cost housing development.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924308899	The impact of information communication technology (ICT) on economic growth: A case for South Africa	Khumalo Z.Z., Mongale I.P.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	12	2Continued1	None	Department of Economics, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa	Khumalo, Z.Z., Department of Economics, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa; Mongale, I.P., Department of Economics, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa	This paper investigates the impact of Information Communication Technology on economic growth in South Africa. The study intends to establish correlation in a developing country such as South Africa where the existence of such a relationship has not been distinctly determined. The model is estimated by using the cointegration and causality analysis and the interrelationships among the variables will be captured by employing the Johansen Cointegration method. The Generalized Impulse Response Function is also introduced to further explore the dynamic relationship among the variables. The results exhibit the incidence of a positive association between Information Communication Technology and economic growth. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Cointegration; Economic growth; Generalized impulse response function; Information communication technology; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84909590211	Commodity prices and stock market performance in South Africa	Mongale I.P., Hinaunye Eita J.	2014	Corporate Ownership and Control	11	4 Continued 3	None	Department of Economics, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa	Mongale, I.P., Department of Economics, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa; Hinaunye Eita, J., Department of Economics, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa	As an export based economy, commodity prices and stock market performances are always a course for concern in the South African economy. This paper investigates the effects of the commodity prices and selected macroeconomic variables on stock market performance. The paper uses quarterly time series data and the estimation covers the period 1994 to 2013. Using Engle-Granger two steps econometric technique, the underlying series are tested for univariate characteristics of the variables unit root by employing the Augmented Dickey-Fuller, Phillips-Perron and Kwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin test statistics. The findings show that an increase in commodity prices is associated with an increase in stock market performance and there is a positive association between stock market and macroeconomic such as money supply and exchange rate in South Africa. © Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Commodity prices; Engle-granger; Macroeconomic variables; South Africa; Stock market	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903940670	The impact of international trade on economic growth in South Africa: An econometrics analysis	Mogoe S., Mongale I.P.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	14	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n14p60	Department of Economics, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), South Africa	Mogoe, S., Department of Economics, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), South Africa; Mongale, I.P., Department of Economics, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), South Africa	International trade is one of the leading discussions taken not only in South Africa but worldwide on daily basis. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of foreign trade on economic growth in South Africa. The findings of this study will determine the effects of international trade on economic growth to the policymakers. The study follows the cointegrated vector autoregression approach which contains the following steps: Augmented Dickey-Fuller and Phillips-Perron to test for stationarity. The model is also taken through the Johansen cointegration test and Vector error correction model. The findings of the stationarity tests indicate that all the variables have a unit root problem. The cointegration model emphasizes the long run equilibrium relationship between dependent and independent variables. The empirical results of the Johansen cointegration test reject the hypothesis of no cointegration and suggest the presence of a long term economic relationship among all the variables. Empirical investigation reveals that inflation rate, export and exchange rates are positively related to GDP whilst import is negatively related to GDP. The conclusion drawn from this work is that there is a correlation amongst GDP and its regressors. This study recommends that the policymakers should improve and strengthen the competiveness of export sector with the aim of striving for a balance with the import sector.	Cointegrated vector autoregression; Economic growth; Foreign trade; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940924110	Competition, corporate governance and corporate performance: Substitutes or complements? Empirical evidence from Nigeria	Obembe O.B., Soetan R.O.	2015	African Journal of Economic and Management Studies	6	3	10.1108/AJEMS-02-2012-0007	Department of Economics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Obembe, O.B., Department of Economics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Soetan, R.O., Department of Economics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the nature of interactive effect of competition and corporate governance on productivity growth of firms in Nigeria. Studies that have considered this issue were mainly from developed countries possessing strong institutions as against those of developing countries like Nigeria. Moreover, studies from Nigeria have focused exclusively on corporate governance and firm performance. The interaction effect of competition on corporate governance is yet to be addressed in the context of Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach – The study adopts the dynamic panel data analysis approach suggested by Arellano and Bond for productivity growth analysis. Data on 76 non-financial firms for 11 years beginning from 1997 were extracted from the financial statements of companies collected from the Nigerian Stock Exchange and subsequently analysed using General Methods of Moments (GMM). Findings – The results show that competition had a positive impact on productivity growth, however, its interaction effect with corporate governance had a substitute but not significant impact on productivity growth. When competition was interacted with an alternative corporate governance mechanism – bank – a positive and significant impact was, however, observed which shows that competition and bank loans are complementary in stimulating productivity growth of firms in Nigeria. Research limitations/implications – The study could not be carried out beyond year 2007 owing to the exit of some firms after 2007 which could have reduced the sample size drastically. The findings emanating from this study suggests that government should focus much more on implementing competitive policies and bother less on writing corporate governance codes. Practical implications – The results demonstrate that corporate governance had no significant impact on productivity growth even when it was interacted with competition. However, competition on its own had a significant impact on productivity which means that Nigeria should concentrate more on building a competitive private sector, and in this regard, government should try and pursue policies that will foster competition and eliminate monopolistic tendencies. Once, there is effective competition, the corporate governance may be strengthened. However, the interactive effect of competition and bank loans was found with a positive and significant impact which indicates that banks as alternate corporate governance mechanism can only be effective if competition is strong. This goes to show that the financial sector may not be able to effectively and positively impact the real sector in Nigeria if the prevailing level of competition is low. In such a situation finance may not be channelled to projects that have long-run implications on sustainable growth and development. Social implications – Socially, if the environment for competition is not fostered in Nigeria, the country may face an uphill task in combating the problem of poverty through a private sector-led solution. Hence, there is a need for government to begin to formulate comprehensive competition policies that will ensure that resources are optimally utilized in Nigeria. Originality/value – In the context of Nigeria, this study is novel, the use of productivity growth as against firm financial performance is unique for Nigeria while the use of GMM method of analysis helps in reducing the effect of endogeneity inherent in corporate governance and performance of firms in Nigeria. © 2015, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Competition; Corporate governance; GMM; Interaction effect; Nigeria; Productivity growth	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897142855	Corporate governance, ownership structure and performance of manufacturing firms in Nigeria	Obembe Olufemi B., Adebisi S.A., Adeleye O.K.	2010	Corporate Ownership and Control	8	1 H	None	Department Of Economics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Department of Business Administration, University of Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria	Obembe Olufemi, B., Department Of Economics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Adebisi, S.A., Department of Business Administration, University of Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria; Adeleye, O.K., Department Of Economics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Recognizing the weakness in the use of the OLS model in the panel data analysis of corporate governance and firm performance, this study augmented the model with the use of fixed effect model for a sample of 76 listed non-financial firms in Nigeria. Moreover, the study accounted for the role of some vital control variables excluded by previous researchers from Nigeria. Our results suggest that findings based on OLS models could be misleading. Foreign ownership that was found to have a negative impact on firm performance was the only positive and significant variable in the fixed effect model. Ownership concentration was found to have a negative impact on performance using the ROA. Our study confirmed the expropriation hypothesis for Nigeria.	Corporate governance; Nigeria; Ownership; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33646796767	Impact of government-based strategy on employment generation and poverty alleviation in Nigeria	Folorunso B.A., Olusi J.O.	2006	European Journal of Social Sciences	2	1	None	Department of Economics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria	Folorunso, B.A., Department of Economics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria; Olusi, J.O., Department of Economics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria	The paper analyzed the effects of poverty alleviation and employment programme of NEEDS on the key targeted groups in Osun State of Nigeria. The study employed structured questionnaire in eliciting information from members of the target groups through interview method. Adopting qualitative techniques of analysis, factors that constituted obstacles to the advancement of Osun state in the areas of employment generation and poverty reduction were identified. The study found that obstacle to poverty reduction and employment generation was the lack of adequate empowerment on the part of the members of target groups; members had little education and lack financial opportunities. Programmes' effects had been minimal since the level of poverty is still very high despite the acclaimed efforts of NEEDS to encourage entrepreneurship in the state. This was, however, due to poor policy implementation; empowerment materials are distributed using political factors rather than economic factors. Youths, rural women and the disabled are mostly affected because their empowerment levels were lower relative to men's. The paper therefore suggests proper implementation of NEEDS policy by empowering every members of the target groups irrespective of their political affiliation.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79957794151	South African mega-sport events and their impact on tourism	Fourie J., Spronk K.	2011	Journal of Sport and Tourism	16	1	10.1080/14775085.2011.576119	Department of Economics, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa	Fourie, J., Department of Economics, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; Spronk, K., Department of Economics, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa	The 2010 Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA)World Cup, one of the largest mega-sport events in the world, has stirred renewed interest in the benefits that a host country can derive from such events. While most predict a large increase in the number of tourist arrivals in South Africa during the event, recent international literature suggests that ex ante studies are often too optimistic. South Africa has played host to numerous mega-events since 1994. Using a time-series lagged regression model, we identify the increases in tourism numbers experienced for most such events, controlling for a number of variables, which are standard to the prediction of tourism flows. Smaller events, especially those held during the summer months, show little increase in tourist arrivals. We disaggregate tourism arrivals to show that, as expected, the number of tourists from participating countries tends to increase the most. Contrary to the findings revealed in the international literature, we find little evidence of between-country displacement. This lack of evidence may be as a result of off-season scheduling or because the relative size of such events reflects neither that of the FIFA World Cup nor that of the Olympic Games. © 2011 Taylor & Francis.	Developing Countries; F19; L83; Mega-event JEL Code; Sport; Tourist Arrivals; World Cup	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79953160568	Sectoral analysis of the impact of public investment on economic growth in Nigeria (1970 - 2008)	Ogundipe M.A., Aworinde O.B.	2011	European Journal of Social Sciences	20	2	None	Department of Economics, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ijebu-Ode, Nigeria	Ogundipe, M.A., Department of Economics, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ijebu-Ode, Nigeria; Aworinde, O.B., Department of Economics, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ijebu-Ode, Nigeria	The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of public investment on economic growth in Nigeria. Regression analysis and unit root test were used to examine the stationarity of the variables considered in the study. The study used the annual data covering the period between 1970-2008, It was discovered that government spending in agriculture, education, defence and internal security services as well structural adjustment program were statistically significant while government spending in health, transport and telecommunication sectors are statistically insignificant. This implies that government spending in agriculture, education, defence, and internal security services as well structural adjustment program are significant factors influencing the level of economic growth in Nigeria. The study strongly recommended that the government should increase her spending to productive sectors of the economy such as agriculture, education transport and communication, health and reduce her spending in defence.	Public Investment, Economic Growth, Unit Root Test	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84946708220	Trade policy, consumer preference and the performance of textile industry: A case study of Ilorin, North Central Nigeria	A. Kilishi A., Adetunji Babatunde M., S. Bankole A.	2014	International Journal of Commerce and Management	24	3	10.1108/IJCoMA-05-2012-0031	Department of Economics, Trade Policy Research and Training Programme, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Economics, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	A. Kilishi, A., Department of Economics, Trade Policy Research and Training Programme, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Adetunji Babatunde, M., Department of Economics, Trade Policy Research and Training Programme, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; S. Bankole, A., Department of Economics, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of consumers preferences on textile materials and the impact of consumer preference on performance of textile industry. This is because as consumers have access to a variety of textile products, they strongly developed and shifted preference to foreign sources, which could lead to the eventual demise of many of the textile factories. Design/methodology/approach – The logit model is adopted to describe the behaviour of consumers when faced with a variety of mutually exclusive choices. The model also describes the consumers’ choice of differentiated goods with common consumption objectives but with different characteristics. Findings – Findings revealed that consumers in Nigeria prefer foreign textile to locally made textile. In addition, differences in quality and availability are factors that drive consumer’s preference towards foreign textile. Also, the inefficient performance of the Nigerian textile industry is influenced by limited demand from the domestic market, poor infrastructure and smuggling. Hence, there is a need for innovative entrepreneurship, concentration on quality improvement and alleviating supply constraints. Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that examines consumer preferences in the Nigerian textile industry. © 2014, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Consumer; Textile; Trade policy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84927667258	Diseases and economic performance: Evidence from panel data	Nor N.M., Sirag A., Thinng W.B.K., Waziri S.I.	2015	Asian Social Science	11	9	10.5539/ass.v11n9p198	Department of Economics, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Economics, Bauchi State University, Gadau, Bauchi State, Nigeria	Nor, N.M., Department of Economics, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Sirag, A., Department of Economics, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Thinng, W.B.K., Department of Economics, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Waziri, S.I., Department of Economics, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Department of Economics, Bauchi State University, Gadau, Bauchi State, Nigeria	The current study aims to estimate to what extent economic performance is affected by different types of diseases. Particularly, we intend to examine the impact of diseases such as dengue, TB and HIV on GDP per capita in selected Southeast Asian countries. The panel data analysis and cointegration estimation technique are adopted to achieve the objectives of the study. The findings reveal that the variables move together in the long-run, and the results confirmed by three cointegration tests: Johansen-Fisher, Kao and Pedroni. Additionally, the coefficients estimated using FMOLS and confirmed by DOLS. Most importantly, it has been shown that shocks to human capital (diseases) have a large adverse impact on economic performance, especially; dengue, TB and HIV. The second major finding was that the role of human capital is found to be very crucial expressed by education and labor. The findings of this study suggest that reduction of diseases can lead to considerable improvement in economic performance. © 2015, Canadian Center of Science and Education. All rights reserved.	Cointegration; Communicable diseases; Economic performance; Human capital; Southeast Asia	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84859094247	Exchange rate deregulation and industrial performance in Nigeria: 1975 - 2006	Ogunleye E.O.	2012	European Journal of Social Sciences	29	1	None	Department of Economics, University of Ado Ekiti, Nigeria	Ogunleye, E.O., Department of Economics, University of Ado Ekiti, Nigeria	This paper investigates the impact of exchange rate deregulation on industrial performance in Nigeria between 1975 and 2006. The co-integration technique and chow breakpoint test were the analytical tools. Two measures of industrial performance -; industrial productivity growth rate and, ratio of industrial production to gross domestic product - were used. It was found that a long-run relationship exists between each of these measures on one hand and exchange rate, interest rate and terms of trade on the other. In particular exchange rate deregulation was found to have significant positive impact on industrial performance. In order to determine the short term dynamics around the equilibrium relationship, the study estimates an error correction model (ECM) and industrial productivity growth rate and contribution of industrial production to GDP lagged by one and two periods, exchange and interest rates emerged as significant determinant of industrial productivity growth rate in Nigeria. The result however suggests the importance, as well as the imperative for Nigeria to embark on comprehensive exchange rate policy in order to accelerate and sustain industrial growth performance. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2012.	Co-integration; Deregulation; Error Correction Mechanism; Exchange Rate; Industrial Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84937395866	Energy consumption, institutional quality and the performance of the manufacturing sector in Nigeria (1999-2013)	Edame G.E., Oko O.B.	2015	International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy	5	3	None	Department of Economics, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria	Edame, G.E., Department of Economics, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria; Oko, O.B., Department of Economics, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria	This study assessed the effect of energy consumption and institutional quality, on the performance of the manufacturing sector in Nigeria between 1999 and 2013 through the use of the ordinary least square technique. The study used three measures of institutional quality: Economic freedom index, corruption perception index and contract intensive money. On the other hand, the industrial sector consumption of electricity (CSL), the total consumption of gas (GCS) and the total consumption of petroleum (PCN) were used as proxies for the consumption of energy. The results of the study show that industrial sector consumption of electricity, petroleum and gas do not have a significant impact on manufacturing sector performance. The results also indicated that the level of corruption perception has a significant effect on the performance of the manufacturing sector. Based on this, the study makes several recommendations including: the improvement in the country’s capacity to refine petroleum products; the maintenance of the current policy stand in the electricity industry by the new government; the removal of executive interference in the operations of the country’s institutions. © 2015, Econjournals. All right resurved.	Energy consumption; Ordinary least squares; İnstitutional quality	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-83255162531	Openness, resilience and economic performance in Nigeria: An empirical investigation	Udah E.B.	2011	European Journal of Social Sciences	26	4	None	Department of Economics, University of Calabar, Nigeria	Udah, E.B., Department of Economics, University of Calabar, Nigeria	This study attempted using OLS estimation technique to investigate the open macroeconomic variables that could be applied as policy instruments to make the Nigerian economy more resilient to adverse effects of participation in international trade. To test for unit root and the existence of long-run relationship among the variables under scrutiny, the study employed the Ng and Perron (2001) modified unit root test and the Engle and Granger two step procedure/Error correction approach. The parsimonious results showed that the variables of interest were statistically significant and conform to a priori economic expectations. These include the export diversification index, external reserves, government expenditure on economic and social services and financial sector variables. The result revealed that for Nigeria to strengthen her resilience to external and domestic distortions, she needs to deepened her financial markets, strengthen government expenditures on economic and social services, diversify her export portfolio of goods and also strengthen the external reserves. The external reserves could be applied to projects that enhance economic growth and development during period of economic and financial crises and stabilize aggregate demand without having to fear any future cuts in public expenditures or a rise in tax rates. Therefore, it would be advantageous in the long-run for the country to stop the current practice of sharing the proceeds from 'excess crude oil account' among the three tiers of government and maintain fiscal discipline. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2011.	F43; Openness; Resilience and economic performance JEL Classification Codes: F41	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953955141	Industrial development, electricity crisis and economic performance in Nigeria	Udah E.B.	2010	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	18	None	Department of Economics, University of Calabar-Nigeria, Nigeria	Udah, E.B., Department of Economics, University of Calabar-Nigeria, Nigeria	This paper seeks to investigate the causal and long-run relationship between electricity supply, industrialization and economic development in Nigeria from 1970-2008. To achieve this, the paper employed the Granger Causality test and the ARDL bounds test approach to cointegration proposed by Pesaran et al (2001). In order to determine the time series characteristics of variables used in the regression, the paper adopted the approach of NG and Perron (2001) modified unit root test. The Granger Causality results showed that there is a feedback causal relationship between GDP per capita and electricity supply. Unidirectional relationship is seen between capital employed and GDP per capita without a feedback effect, running from capital to GDP per capita. The same unidirectional relationship is observed between electricity supply and capital; the causality runs from capital to electricity supply. The causality result also revealed a unidirectional relationship without feedback effect between labour and electricity supply. The Granger causality test found no causal link in the case of industrial output and GDP per capita. The results of the long run and error correction model showed that industrial development, electricity supply, technology and capital employed are important determinants of economic development. Stability tests were also conducted using CUSUM and CUSUMQ and the Jarque-Bera normality test. The results strongly suggest that the residuals are within the boundaries. This implies that the parameters of the model remained within its critical bounds of parameter stability throughout the period of study. The paper concludes that for Nigeria to drive economic development through industrialization, the country should fix the electricity supply problem. © EuroJournals, Inc.	Cointegration and error correction; Economic development; Electricity crisis; Industrial development	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892750721	Investigating the impacts of real exchange rates on economic growth: A case study of South Africa	Sibanda K., Ncwadi R., Mlambo C.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	13	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n13p261	Department of Economics, University of Fort Hare, South Africa	Sibanda, K., Department of Economics, University of Fort Hare, South Africa; Ncwadi, R., Department of Economics, University of Fort Hare, South Africa; Mlambo, C., Department of Economics, University of Fort Hare, South Africa	This paper examines the impact of real exchange rates on economic growth in South Africa. The paper uses quarterly time series data for the period of 1994 to 2010. The Johansen cointegration and vector error correction model is used to determine the impact of real exchange on economic growth in South Africa. The explanatory variables in this paper are real exchange rates, real interest rates, money supply, trade openness and gross fixed capital formation. Results of the study reveals that real exchange rates have a dampening long run impact on economic growth in South Africa. From the regression results, it is noted that undervaluation of the currency significantly hampers growth in the long run, whilst it significantly enhances economic growth in the short run. As such, the policy of depreciating exchange rates to achieve higher growth rates is only effective in the short run and is not sustainable in the long run. Based on the findings of this study, the authors recommend that misalignment (overvaluation and undervaluation) of the currency should be avoided at all costs. In addition, the results of the study shows that interest rates also have a significant impact on growth and since interest rates have a bearing on the exchange rate, it is recommended that the current monetary policy of inflation targeting be maintained in South Africa.	Economic growth; Real exchange rates; South Africa; Vector Error Correction Modeling	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907292137	The unemployment impact of immigration in South Africa	Chamunorwa W., Mlambo C.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	20	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p2631	Department of Economics, University of Fort Hare, South Africa	Chamunorwa, W., Department of Economics, University of Fort Hare, South Africa; Mlambo, C., Department of Economics, University of Fort Hare, South Africa	This study sought to investigate the impact of immigrant labour on unemployment in South Africa. for the period 1980-2010.This relationship was examined using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method. Unemployment was regressed againstimmigration, the Gross Domestic Product, inflation and education. The research aimed to establish whether immigrant labourcontributes to unemployment in the manner suggested by the econometric model. The result showed a positive relationshipbetween immigration and unemployment in South Africa. © MCSER-Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research.	Immigrant labour; Ordinary least squares; South africa; Unemployment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84931051845	Business cycles and stock market performance in South Africa	Muchaonyerwa F., Choga I.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	12	3	None	Department of Economics, University of Fort Hare, South Africa; School of Economic and Decision Sciences, North West University, South Africa	Muchaonyerwa, F., Department of Economics, University of Fort Hare, South Africa; Choga, I., School of Economic and Decision Sciences, North West University, South Africa	The stock market is an important indicator of an economy’s financial health. It checks the mood of investors in a country. Stock market performance is a vital component of business cycle growth. T hus, this study investigates the relationship between stock market performance and business cycles in South Africa for the period 2002-2009 using monthly data. This is done by constructing a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The study specifies a business cycle model with the business cycle coincident indicator of South Africa being the independent variable explained by the All Share Price index (ALSI), Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER), Money Supply (M1), Inflation (CPIX) and the Prime Overdraft Rate (POR). The ALSI represents stock market performance whilst the rest of the variables are to enhance model specification. The study found a positive association between stock market performance and business cycles and this match with most of the results from the empirical literature provided. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Business cycle; Stock market; Vector error correction South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939789698	The impact of economic growth on unemploymentin South Africa: 1994 – 2012	Banda H., Choga I.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	12	4Cont7	None	Department of Economics, University of Fort Hare, South Africa; School of Economic Decision Sciences, North West University, North West University (Mafikeng Campus), South Africa	Banda, H., Department of Economics, University of Fort Hare, South Africa; Choga, I., School of Economic Decision Sciences, North West University, North West University (Mafikeng Campus), South Africa	One of the most pressing problems facing the South African economy is unemployment, which has been erratic over the past few years. This study examined the impact of economic growth on unemployment, using quarterly time series data for South Africa for the period 1994 to 2012.Johansen Co-integration reflected that there is stable and one significant long run relationship between unemployment and the explanatory variables that is economic growth (GDP), budget deficit (BUG), real effective exchange rate (REER) and labour productivity (LP). The study utilized Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to determine the effects of macroeconomic variables thus REER, LP, GDP and BUG on unemployment in South Africa. The results of VECM indicated that LP has a negative long run impact on unemployment whilst GDP, BUG and REER have positive impact. The study resulted in the following policy recommendation: South African government should re-direct its spending towards activities that directly and indirectly promote creation of employment and decent jobs; a conducive environment and flexible labour market policies or legislations without impediments to employment creation should be created; and lastly government should prioritise industries that promote labour intensive. All this will help in absorbing large pools of the unemployed population thereby reducing unemployment in South Africa. © 2015 Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Economic growth; South Africa; Unemployment; Vector error correction	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955012756	The impact of recapitalization and consolidation on banks costs of equity in Nigeria	Aregbeyen O., Olufemi J.	2011	International Business Management	5	3	10.3923/ibm.2011.159.165	Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Aregbeyen, O., Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Olufemi, J., Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	This study investigates the impact of the impact of the bank recapitalization and consolidation program on the cost of equity capital of banks in Nigeria. On the strength of the analysis done and the result obtained, the study concludes that the consolidation and recapitalization programme has brought about considerable reduction in the cost of equity capital of the sampled banks. © Medwell Journals, 2011.	Bank; Consolidation; Cost of equity; Cupital; Nigeria; Recapitalization	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84878241427	New corporate code and immediate performance change of the Nigerian firms	Adewuyi A.O., Olowookere A.E.	2013	Corporate Governance (Bingley)	13	2	10.1108/14720701311316643	Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Adewuyi, A.O., Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Olowookere, A.E., Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Purpose: This study aims to investigate the immediate impact of a newly released code of governance on the financial performance of Nigerian companies. Tests are carried out to determine whether firms that comply more with the code experience better performance. Design/methodology/approach: The governance change of Nigerian listed firms after the newly released code is classified into ex ante good governance change or ex ante bad governance change; the differences in performance between the good governance change firms and bad governance change firms are then compared. Since firms in any year can change more than one governance indicator, an index of aggregate governance change is computed and the performance of firms from two extreme governance rankings is compared. Findings: It is found that in the immediate period after the release of the code, Nigerian firms reorganised their governance mechanism, and this sometimes involved substitution among mechanisms. However, the performance increase accrued to any firm with reorganisation towards a good mechanism could have been eroded when the same firm instituted a change towards another mechanism that matches the definition of bad change. This therefore makes an attempt to differentiate performance based on governance change (pre- and post-new code) difficult and insignificant. Originality/value: This study contributes to the scarce literature on corporate governance and firm performance in developing countries. Specifically, it can be regarded as the first study to test the immediate impact of a new code of governance on Nigerian firms. Equally, the adopted methodology makes it the first study to compute and test an aggregate index of governance change for Nigeria. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Agency problem; Companies; Corporate code; Corporate governance; Firms; Governance; Governance substitution; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892177582	Does volatility in crude oil price precipitate macroeconomic performance in Nigeria?	Omojolaibi J.A.	2013	International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy	3	2	None	Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Omojolaibi, J.A., Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	This study examines the effects of crude oil price changes on economic activity in an oil dependent economy-Nigeria. A small open economy structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) technique is employed to study the macroeconomic dynamics of domestic price level, economic output, money supply and oil price in Nigeria. The sample covers the data from 1985:q1 to 2010:q4. The Impulse Response Functions (IRFs) and the Forecast Error Variance Decompositions (FEVDs) results suggest that domestic policies, instead of oil-boom should be blamed for inflation. Also, oil price variations are driven mostly by oil shocks, however, domestic shocks are responsible for a reasonable portion of oil price variations.	Fiscal policy; Inflation; Monetary policy; Nigeria; Oil price	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864113126	The impact of contributory pension scheme on workers' savings in Nigeria	Babatunde M.A.	2012	Social Sciences (Pakistan)	7	3	10.3923/sscience.2012.464.470	Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Babatunde, M.A., Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	The main objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of the contributory pension on employee savings in Nigeria 2010 using Oyo state public workers as a case study. It seeks to determine the level of awareness of the public sector workers towards Contributory Pension Scheme and the impact of Contributory Pension Scheme on workers' savings. Empirical analysis revealed a significant relationship between the level of awareness of respondents and their savings. However, there is no significant relationship between Contributory Pension Scheme and savings. © Medwell Journals, 2012.	Awareness; Level; Nigeria; Pension scheme; Retirement; Savings	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955003761	Business re-engineering and organisational performance in Nigeria: A case study of First Bank Nigeria Plc	Aregbeyen O.	2011	International Business Management	5	3	10.3923/ibm.2011.151.158	Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Aregbeyen, O., Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Using paired data samples between 1986 and 2008, this study evaluates the impact of the re-engineering of operational processes on the performance of the First Bank Nigeria Plc. The performance of the bank was assessed focusing on growth, profitability and the extent of financial intermediation. The analysis of the data showed that the re-engineering project significantly, improved the profitability performance of the bank but not for growth and the extents of its financial intermediation. © Medwell Journals, 2011.	Bank; Growth; Nigeria; Performance; Profitability; Re-engineering	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84883766667	The effects of internal and external mechanism on governance and performance of corporate firms in Nigeria	Adetunji Babatunde M., Olaniran O.	2009	Corporate Ownership and Control	7	2 D	None	Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Banking and Finance, Osun State Polytechnic, Iree, Osun State, Nigeria	Adetunji Babatunde, M., Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Olaniran, O., Department of Banking and Finance, Osun State Polytechnic, Iree, Osun State, Nigeria	There is a renewed interest on the need to strengthen mechanisms to ensure that managers and directors take measures to protect the interest of a firm's stakeholders. This study made use of panel data regression analysis between 2002 and 2006 for a sample of 62 firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange to examine the relationship between internal and external governance mechanisms and corporate firms' performance. The results have the implication that regulatory agencies should encourage firms to achieve a reasonable board size since overly large boards may be detrimental to the firm. Our results also show no significant evidence to support the idea that outside directors help promote firm performance. In addition, the study found that the measure of performance matter for analysis of corporate governance studies. We found in some cases different results from the use of Returns on Assets (ROA) and Tobin's Q as measures of firm performance.	Corporate governance; Firms; Nigeria; Panel data	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77958100850	Impact of trade reform on Nigeria's trade flows	Adewuyi A.O., Akpokodje G.	2010	International Trade Journal	24	4	10.1080/08853908.2010.513642	Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Economic Development Division, Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER), Ibadan, Nigeria	Adewuyi, A.O., Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Akpokodje, G., Economic Development Division, Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER), Ibadan, Nigeria	This study examines the impact of trade liberalization on Nigeria's trade flow. It covers the period from 1973 to 2006 and employs the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) techniques. Results reveal among other findings that all categories of export except oil perform better during the trade liberalization period than before the trade liberalization period. Further analysis suggests that while the impact is significant enough to produce positive growth of manufactured exports, it is not so in the case of agricultural and aggregate non-oil exports. The results indicate that all categories of import experience improved performance during trade liberalization compared to the preliberalization period. However, the result suggests that in most cases the impact is not strong enough to turn the mean growth of imports positive. The study concludes that trade liberalization has not produced an impact that is significant enough to boost Nigeria's trade flows.	Exports; Imports; Nigeria; Trade flows; Trade liberalization	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84878252333	Corporate governance and performance of Nigerian listed firms: Further evidence	Adewuyi A.O., Olowookere A.E.	2008	Corporate Ownership and Control	6	2 D CONT. 3	None	Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Adewuyi, A.O., Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Olowookere, A.E., Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	This work, in an agency framework, adds to the few literatures on Nigeria by examining the impact of corporate governance on firm financial performance. Using a sample of 64 listed non-financial firms for the period 2002 to 2006, the study is able to capture the impact of the New Code of Corporate Governance released in 2003 on previous findings. Introductory investigations on the Nigerian capital market operations and regulations depict low, but improving, states. Empirically, Panel regression estimates show that board size, audit committee independence and ownership concentration aid performance. Higher independent directors and directors' portion of shares unexpectedly dampen performance, while firms vesting both the roles of CEOs and chairs in the same individual perform better.	Agency problem; Corporate governance; Panel regression; Tobin's q	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84861685357	Recent French relative export performance: Is there a competitiveness problem?	Kabundi A., Nadal De Simone F.	2012	Economic Modelling	29	4	10.1016/j.econmod.2012.02.017	Department of Economics, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa; Economic Research Southern Africa (ERASA), South Africa; Central Bank of Luxemburg, Luxembourg	Kabundi, A., Department of Economics, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa, Economic Research Southern Africa (ERASA), South Africa; Nadal De Simone, F., Central Bank of Luxemburg, Luxembourg	French economic activity is significantly affected by economic activity in the rest of the world. In recent years, the export performance of France relative to its own past and relative to a major trading partner, Germany, deteriorated. That deterioration seems related to the trend growth of exports (both by geographical destination and by product composition). Using a structural generalized dynamic factor model, this study shows that faced with an increase in unit labor costs or in its terms of trade, France adjusts relatively less via price and wage changes, and more via employment changes. French exports benefit relatively less than German exports from positive shocks either in a geographical or in the Standard International Trade Classification product classification. Given that the convergence of the French guaranteed minimum wage (SMIC) operated between 2003 and 2006 resulted in a significant increase in unit labor costs, the study supports the view that the foreign sector difficulties might be structural. The importance of trade flows as well as the policy constraints imposed by the euro area, highlights the relevance of structural reforms that increase markets flexibility. In addition, the analysis stresses the importance of policy measures that increase productivity, and the desirability of avoiding SMIC adjustments unrelated to productivity. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.	Competitiveness; Dynamic factor models; Productivity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897449492	Oil price shocks and macroeconomic performance in Nigeria [Shock de precios del petróleo y el desempeño macroeconómico de Nigeria]	Akinleye S.O., Ekpo S.	2013	Economia Mexicana, Nueva Epoca	22	4	None	Department of Economics, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria	Akinleye, S.O., Department of Economics, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Ekpo, S., Department of Economics, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria	This paper examines the macroeconomic implications of symmetric and asymmetric oil price and oil revenue shocks in Nigeria, using the vector autoregressive (VAR) estimation technique. The paper finds that both positive and negative oil price shocks influence real government expenditure only in the long run rather than in the short run, while examining positive and negative shocks to external reserves revealed stronger implications for expenditure in the long run, with positive rather than negative oil price shocks having stronger short and long run effects on real gdp, and therefore triggering inflationary pressure and domestic currency depreciation as importation rises. This implies that the country exhibits the Dutch disease syndrome in the short and long run. However, results obtained show that oil revenue shocks are capable of impeding economic growth only in the long run while raising general price levels marginally in the short run after the initial shocks, with evidence of serious threat to interest rate and the domestic currency in the short and medium term, as the volume of imports increases significantly along with the external reserves. Findings on the asymmetric effects of oil revenue shocks revealed that positive shocks to oil revenue stimulate expansionary fiscal posture in the Nigerian economy in the short run in line with theory, thereby creating inflationary pressure and domestic currency depreciation. The combined implications of these discoveries suggest the need for proper coordination of fiscal and monetary policy for sustainable macroeconomic stability to be achieved.	Macroeconomic performance; Oil price shocks; Oil revenue; VAR	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84863851117	The impact of socio-economic family background and body weight on students' academic achievements in mathematics: Evidence from a Nigerian University	Ozughalu U.M.	2012	European Journal of Social Sciences	31	3	None	Department of Economics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Ozughalu, U.M., Department of Economics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Nigeria frequently experiences poor students' academic achievements in mathematics at various levels of education. This study examined the impact of parental education, number of siblings in the family and body weight on students' academic achievements in mathematics. The study used data obtained from the Department of Economics, Anambra State University, Igbariam Campus, Nigeria. Specifically, the study utilised information on Year One Class of 2009/2010 Academic Session, numbering one hundred and seventythree (173) students. Three related multiple regression equations were estimated using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimator; and White's heteroscedasticity-corrected standard errors of the OLS estimates were obtained and utilised to cater for the presence of heteroscedasticity. Estimates of the regression equations reveal that parents' educational levels have significant positive impact on students' academic achievements in mathematics whereas number of siblings in the family has significant negative impact on students' academic achievements in mathematics. Normal weight has significant positive impact on students' academic achievements in mathematics while overweight and obesity have significant negative impact on students' academic achievements in mathematics. Thus steps should be taken to sufficiently improve parents' educational levels, reduce family size and make students have normal weights in order to adequately improve students' academic achievements in mathematics. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2012.	Academic achievements; Body weight; Mathematics; Nigerian University; Socio-economic family background	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84922987630	Bank savings and bank credits in Nigeria: Determinants and impact on economic growth	Anthony O.	2012	International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues	2	3	None	Department of Economics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Anthony, O., Department of Economics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	This study investigated the determinants of bank savings in Nigeria as well as examined the impact of bank savings and bank credits on Nigeria’s economic growth from 1970- 2006. We adopted two impact models; Distributed Lag-Error Correction Model (DL-ECM) and Distributed Model. The empirical results showed a positive influence of values of GDP per capita (PCY), Financial Deepening (FSD), Interest Rate Spread (IRS) and negative influence of Real Interest Rate (RIR) and Inflation Rate (INFR) on the size of private domestic savings. Also a positive relationship exists between the lagged values of total private savings, private sector credit, public sector credit, interest rate spread, exchange rates and economic growth. We therefore recommend, among others, that government’s effort should be geared towards improving per capita income by reducing the unemployment rate in the country in a bid to accelerate growth through enhanced savings. © 2012, Econjournals. All rights reserved.	Bank; Credit; Economic growth; Financial sector; Saving	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84936747271	The impact of fiscal policy on inflation in Nigeria	Otto G., Ukpere W.I.	2015	Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions	5	1CONT1	None	Department of Economics, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa	Otto, G., Department of Economics, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Ukpere, W.I., Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa	Inflation is a major problem in Nigeria. To stabilize the economy, policy makers have often used fiscal and monetary policies to address inflation. For efficacy of policy, it is important to know the likely influence of each of these on inflation in order to properly prescribe a solution. This work attempts to see the impact of fiscal policy on inflation. This is necessary because of the current demands of the Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU), which is likely to increase government spending and possible inflation. Using data from the Central Bank of Nigeria spanning 32 years, the study used an ordinary least squares regression analysis, and observed that fiscal policy impacts on inflation but such impact is not significant. Therefore, government may on the basis of this study, implement the agreement it had with the Academic Staff Union of Universities without the fear of inflation. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Fiscal policy; Government revenue; Government spending; Inflation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84881553846	The long-run impact of inflation in South Africa	Amusa K., Gupta R., Karolia S., Simo-Kengne B.D.	2013	Journal of Policy Modeling	35	5	10.1016/j.jpolmod.2011.05.001	Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	Amusa, K., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Gupta, R., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Karolia, S., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Simo-Kengne, B.D., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	This paper evaluates the hypothesis of long-run super-neutrality of money (LRSN) within the context of the South African economy. The long-run impact of inflation on the interest rate and subsequently, output is estimated by employing a trivariate structural vector autoregression model, using quarterly data for the period of 1960:1 to 2010:1. The estimation results suggest that the hypothesis of LRSN cannot be rejected, thereby suggesting that monetary policy in South Africa cannot be used to solve the large and persistent unemployment problem in South Africa, which is understandable, since unemployment is inherently structural and is due to skills-shortage. This is further supported by our one of our other results which shows that significant long-run impact on output is obtained from technological improvements. © 2013 Society for Policy Modeling.	Money superneutrality; Structural vector autoregression	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79957820847	Predicting the economic impact of the 2010 FIFA World Cup on South Africa	Bohlmann H.R., van Heerden J.H.	2008	International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing	3	4	10.1504/IJSMM.2008.017214	Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	Bohlmann, H.R., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; van Heerden, J.H., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	The impact of the sporting industry on economic decision making has increased dramatically since the global media explosion in the 1980s. Tourism and advertising revenues generated by mega-events such as World Cups or Olympic Games have become a major boost to the economies of hosting nations. In addition, globalisation has placed great emphasis on the importance of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), especially to developing countries. This paper seeks to examine the impact of the 2010 FIFA World Cup on the South African economy. Using a 32-sector Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model, the various shocks on the economy, such as infrastructure developments, increased tourism and financing implications, are modelled. Results are shown and carefully explained within the context of the model. It is found that in the short term, there would only be a favourable outcome in the economy should financing be shared between higher present taxes and revenue generated from future economic growth and private investment. © 2008 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	CGE; Computable General Equilibrium; mega-events	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901460102	The impact of trade facilitation factors on South Africa's exports to a selection of African countries	Jordaan A.C.	2014	Development Southern Africa	31	4	10.1080/0376835X.2014.907535	Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	Jordaan, A.C., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	Economic growth can be enhanced through increased trade among countries, provided the correct institutional structures are in place. A country's trade is dependent not only on its own trade facilitation reforms but also on those of the trading partners. This paper, using an augmented gravity model, examines trade facilitation factors that impact on South Africa's exports to other selected African countries. The results of the estimation reveal the following. An improvement in the customs environment within the importing country provides the largest gain in terms of increasing trade flows, followed by the regulatory environment and domestic infrastructure. Furthermore, adjacency and common language impact positively on South African exports, while distance between countries impacts negatively on it. Being part of the Southern African Development Community is also enhancing exports from South Africa, compared with being part of the East African Community. © 2014 © 2014 Development Bank of Southern Africa.	exports; gravity model; regional integration; trade facilitation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84942104082	The Impact of Exchange Rate Uncertainty on Exports in South Africa	Aye G.C., Gupta R., Moyo P.S., Pillay N.	2015	Journal of International Commerce, Economics and Policy	6	1	10.1142/S1793993315500040	Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Aye, G.C., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Gupta, R., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Moyo, P.S., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Pillay, N., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	This paper examines the impact of real effective exchange rate uncertainty (REER) on aggregate exports of South Africa for the period 1986Q4-2013Q2. Using a bivariate framework where the structural vector autoregression (VAR) is modified to accommodate bivariate GARCH-in-Mean (GARCH-M) errors, we find that exchange rate uncertainty has a significant and negative effect on exports. Comparing the response of exports to a shock in exchange rate from a model that includes the REER uncertainty with results from a model that restricts the coefficient of the exchange rate uncertainty to zero, we find that the response is more pronounced in the former model. Furthermore, real exports respond asymmetrically to negative and positive shocks of REER of the same size. © 2015 World Scientific Publishing Company.	bivariate GARCH-in-Mean VAR; Exchange rate uncertainty; exports; real effective exchange rate	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84938520071	Do Stock Prices Impact Consumption and Interest Rate in South Africa? Evidence from a Time-varying Vector Autoregressive Model	Aye G.C., Gupta R., Modise M.P.	2015	Journal of Emerging Market Finance	14	2	10.1177/0972652715584267	Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Aye, G.C., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Gupta, R., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Modise, M.P., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	This article investigates the existence of spillovers from stock prices onto consumption and the interest rate for South Africa using a time-varying parameter vector autoregressive (TVP-VAR) model with stochastic volatility. In this regard, we estimate a three-variable TVP-VAR model comprising real consumption growth rate, the nominal three-months Treasury bill rate and the growth rate of real stock prices. We find that the impact of a real stock price shocks on consumption is in general positive, with large and significant effects observed at the one-quarter-ahead horizon. However, there is also evidence of significant negative spillovers from the stock market to consumption during the financial crisis, at both short and long horizons. The monetary policy response to stock price shocks has been persistent, and strong especially post the financial liberalisation in 1985, but became weaker during the financial crisis. Overall, we provide evidence of significant time-varying spillovers on consumption and interest rate from the stock market. JEL Classification: C11, C15, C32, E31, E32, E44, E52 © 2015, © 2015 Institute for Financial Management and Research.	Bayesian inference; consumption; Markov chain Monte Carlo; monetary policy; stochastic volatility; stock price; structural vector autoregression; time-varying parameter	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84931576293	The impact of statistical learning on violations of the sure-thing principle	Nicholls N., Romm A.T., Zimper A.	2015	Journal of Risk and Uncertainty	50	2	10.1007/s11166-015-9210-y	Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; School of Economic and Business Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Nicholls, N., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; Romm, A.T., School of Economic and Business Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Zimper, A., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa	This paper experimentally tests whether violations of Savage’s (1954) sure-thing principle (STP) decrease through statistical learning. Our subjects repeatedly had to bet on the drawings from an urn with an unknown proportion of differently colored balls. The control group was thereby subjected to learning through mere thought only. In addition, the test group received more and more statistical information over the course of the experiment by observing the color of the ball actually drawn after each bet. We expected that statistical learning would decrease the decision makers’ ambiguity, thereby implying a stronger decrease of STP violations in the test than in the control group. However, our data surprisingly shows that learning by mere thought rather than statistical learning leads to a decrease in STP violations. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York.	Independence axiom; Learning; Prospect theory; Statistical learning; Sure thing principle	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940528654	Measuring the impact of marginal tax rate reform on the revenue base of South Africa using a microsimulation tax model	Jordaan Y., Schoeman N.	2015	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	18	3	None	Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Jordaan, Y., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Schoeman, N., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, South Africa	This paper is primarily concerned with the revenue and tax efficiency effects of adjustments to marginal tax rates on individual income as an instrument of possible tax reform. The hypothesis is that changes to marginal rates affect not only the revenue base, but also tax efficiency and the optimum level of taxes that supports economic growth. Using an optimal revenue-maximising rate (based on Laffer analysis), the elasticity of taxable income is derived with respect to marginal tax rates for each taxable-income category. These elasticities are then used to quantify the impact of changes in marginal rates on the revenue base and tax efficiency using a microsimulation (MS) tax model. In this first paper on the research results, much attention is paid to the structure of the model and the way in which the database has been compiled. The model allows for the dissemination of individual taxpayers by income groups, gender, educational level, age group, etc. Simulations include a scenario with higher marginal rates which is also more progressive (as in the 1998/1999 fiscal year), in which case tax revenue increases but the increase is overshadowed by a more than proportional decrease in tax efficiency as measured by its deadweight loss. On the other hand, a lowering of marginal rates (to bring South Africa's marginal rates more in line with those of its peers) improves tax efficiency but also results in a substantial revenue loss. The estimated optimal individual tax to gross domestic product (GDP) ratio in order to maximise economic growth (6.7 per cent) shows a strong response to changes in marginal rates, and the results from this research indicate that a lowering of marginal rates would also move the actual ratio closer to its optimum level. Thus, the trade-off between revenue collected and tax efficiency should be carefully monitored when personal income tax reform is being considered. © 2015 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved.	Microsimulation; Optimal tax; Personal income tax; Tax efficiency; Tax reform	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77955398979	The impact of an environmental tax on electricity generation in South Africa	Seymore R., Adams P.D., Mabugu M., Van Heerden J.H., Blignaut J.	2010	Journal for Studies in Economics and Econometrics	34	2	None	Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Centre of Policy Studies, Monash University, Australia	Seymore, R., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Adams, P.D., Centre of Policy Studies, Monash University, Australia; Mabugu, M.; Van Heerden, J.H.; Blignaut, J.	In the 2008 budget of the Minister of Finance, the South African Government proposed to impose a 2 cents/kilowatt-hour (c/kWh) tax on the sale of electricity generated from non-renewable sources; this tax is to be collected at source by the producers/generators of electricity. The intention of this measure is to serve a dual purpose of protecting the environment and helping to manage the current electricity supply shortages by reducing demand. The objective here is to evaluate the impact of such an electricity generation tax on the South African, SACU and SADC economies. The paper firstly considers the theoretical foundations of an electricity generation tax supported by international experiences in this regard. This section also contrasts the suitability of a permit with a tax system to achieve CO2 emission reduction. We subsequently apply the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model to evaluate the impact of an electricity generation tax on the South African, SACU and SADC economies. We simulate the proposed tax as a 10 percent increase in the output price of electricity. We assume a closure rule that allows unskilled labour to migrate and a limited skilled workforce. As expected, the electricity generation tax will reduce demand. Due to the decrease in domestic demand, export volume increases and import volume decreases, this is despite a weaker terms of trade. We also found that unemployment for unskilled labour increases and wages of skilled workers are expected to decrease. A unilateral electricity generation tax will benefit other SACU and SADC countries through an improvement in relative competitiveness, as shown by the improvement of the terms of trade for these regions. If, however, the benefits of pollution abatement are internalised, then electricity generation tax is expected to yield a positive effect on the South African economy.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941905493	The impact of the 2014 platinum mining strike in South Africa: An economy-wide analysis	Bohlmann H.R., Van Heerden J.H., Dixon P.B., Rimmer M.T.	2015	Economic Modelling	51	None	10.1016/j.econmod.2015.08.010	Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Centre of Policy Studies, Victoria University, Australia	Bohlmann, H.R., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Van Heerden, J.H., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Dixon, P.B., Centre of Policy Studies, Victoria University, Australia; Rimmer, M.T., Centre of Policy Studies, Victoria University, Australia	In this paper we measure the economy-wide impact of the 2014 labour strike in South Africa's platinum industry. The strike lasted 5. months, ending in June 2014 when producers reached an agreement with the main labour unions. The immediate impacts on local mining towns were particularly severe, but our research shows that the strike could also have long lasting negative impacts on the South African economy as a whole. We find that it is not the higher nominal wages itself that caused the most damage, but the possible reaction by investors in the mining industry towards South Africa. Investor confidence is likely to be, at least, temporarily harmed, in which case it would take many years for the effects of the strike to disappear. We conduct our analysis using a dynamic CGE model of South Africa. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.	Computable general equilibrium; Platinum mining strike; UPGEM	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84881294911	Evaluation of potential dangers of mobile telecommunication frequencies and modulations	Bamisaye A.J.	2013	Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology	2013	2	None	Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria	Bamisaye, A.J., Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria	Mobile Telecommunication is one of the fastest growing technologies in the world. The effects of its high frequencies and complex modulations to the exposed population are considered in this paper. Experimental studies examining a variety of effects on all levels of the organism, ranging from effects on single cells to effects which manifest themselves as reactions of the entire body, there have been a number of epidemiological studies in order to establish the possible causal correlations between higher exposures to HF EMFs. Recommendations on the reduction of the effects of EMFs of Mobile Telecommunication on humans was presented.	Electromagnetic fields; Frequency; Health; Mobile communication; Modulation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867698555	Macroeconomic impact of Eskom's six-year capital investment programme	Seymore R., Akanbi O.A., Abedian I.	2012	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	15	2	None	Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Economics, University of South Africa, South Africa; GIBS, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Seymore, R., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Akanbi, O.A., Department of Economics, University of South Africa, South Africa; Abedian, I., GIBS, University of Pretoria, South Africa	This study analyses the impact of an increase in Eskom's capital expenditure on the overall macro and sectoral economy using both a Time-Series Macro-Econometric (TSME) model and a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model. The simulation results from the TSME model reveal that in the long run, major macro variables (i.e. household consumption, GDP, and employment) will be positively affected by the increased investment. A weak transmission mechanism of the shock on the macro and sectoral economy is detected both in the short run and long run due to the relatively small share of electricity investment in total investment in the economy. On the other hand, the simulation results from the CGE reveal similar but more robust positive impacts on the macro economy. Most of the short-run macroeconomic impacts are reinforced in the long run.	Capital expenditure; General equilibrium modelling; Macroeconomic variables	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-54949152248	Human resource systems in Kenya: A case study of hotel human resources performance	Onyango F.E., Okech R.N.	2008	Cornell Hospitality Quarterly	49	4	10.1177/1938965508326390	Department of Ecotourism, Hotel and Institution Management, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya	Onyango, F.E., Department of Ecotourism, Hotel and Institution Management, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya; Okech, R.N., Department of Ecotourism, Hotel and Institution Management, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya	A study of 160 managers and employees in four hotels in Nairobi and Mombasa, Kenya, found that functionally flexible human resource systems in conjunction with differentiation strategies are associated with high organizational performance, whereas numerically flexible human resource systems and cost-reduction strategies are linked with low organizational performance. Functionally flexible human resources systems emphasize mutual obligations between management and workers. By contrast, numerically flexible human resources systems are based on a straight work-for-hire relationship, in which employment is subject to unilateral termination at any time by employee or employer. The research also found that the independent hotels pursued numerically flexible human resource systems in conjunction with cost-reduction strategies, whereas the chain hotels applied functionally flexible human resource systems and differentiation-focus strategies. © 2008 Cornell University.	Human resource systems; Kenya; Mombasa hotels; Nairobi hotels	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960359875	Managerial roles and choice of performance measures in the kenyan five-star hotels using a cross-sectional correlational design	Wadongo B.I., Edwin O., Oscar K.O.	2010	Managing Leisure	15	02-Jan	10.1080/13606710903447980	Department of Ecotourism, Hotel and Institution Management, Maseno University, Private Bag, Maseno, Kenya; American Hospitality Academy Romania, International Hotel Management Schools, Camp. Colegiul Astra, Cladire Corp B, Str Panselelor, Brasov, 500419, Kenya	Wadongo, B.I., Department of Ecotourism, Hotel and Institution Management, Maseno University, Private Bag, Maseno, Kenya; Edwin, O., American Hospitality Academy Romania, International Hotel Management Schools, Camp. Colegiul Astra, Cladire Corp B, Str Panselelor, Brasov, 500419, Kenya; Oscar, K.O., Department of Ecotourism, Hotel and Institution Management, Maseno University, Private Bag, Maseno, Kenya	Performance management was traditionally defined as the process of financial control, in which the mission and strategy are translated into budgets, and subsequently results are compared with budgets in Kenya. Despite the progress taking place with regard to the design of more effective performance measurement systems, little is known about the linkage between managerial roles and performance dimensionmeasures, yet this provides the best opportunity for organizations to improve their performancemeasurement systems.Across-sectionalcorrelational studyof160managers insixfive-starhotels in Nairobi andMombasa, Kenya found the relationships betweenmanagerial roles and choice of performance measures. Hospitality organizations that want to implement effective performance management systems should use managerial roles to influence managers' choice of performance measures. © 2010 Taylor & Francis.	Cross-sectional survey; Hotel industry; Kenya; managerial roles; Performance measures	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79957799255	Professional development through formative evaluation	Nsibande R., Garraway J.	2011	International Journal for Academic Development	16	2	10.1080/1360144X.2011.568279	Department of Education Innovation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Fundani Centre for Higher Education Development, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa	Nsibande, R., Department of Education Innovation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Garraway, J., Fundani Centre for Higher Education Development, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa	Formative evaluation and its associated methodology of reflection on practice are used extensively in academic staff development. In reflecting on formative evaluation processes in both more traditional and newer programmes conducted at a university of technology, a number of variables reported in the literature were observed to have influenced academic staff members' ability to reflect and change practice. Drawing on illustrative cases, this paper argues that explicit attention needs to be given to additional variables concerned with the nature of the knowledge being taught, academic identity, and the availability of a community of educational practitioners if academic developers are to foster critical reflection as an essential element of formative evaluation and productive change in practice. © 2011 Taylor & Francis.	Communities of practice; Formative evaluation; Identity; Professional development; Reflection	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907287486	Effective leadership conducive to generation of academic performance in Schools	Shonubi O.K.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	20	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p1868	Department of Education Leadership and Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	Shonubi, O.K., Department of Education Leadership and Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	The purpose of this paper was to understand and compare two schools in relation to how effective leadership functions (instructional and transformational leadership) may have been utilized to arrive at differential academic outputs in schools. Towards this end, an exceptionally performing and under-performing school was chosen from within the same socio-economic context with a view to understand how instructional and transformational leadership could result in generating optimal academic performance. These selected schools are government owned and thus, receive similar treatment in terms of funding, control, commitment, management and control, etc. Therefore a major research question: How do selected leadership functions bring about generation of differential student’s exceptional academic performance in schools? Utilizing the qualitative research approach, data was collected from internal key role players (otherwise referred to School Leadership Team [SLT]) from two selected schools: one exceptional performing and the other, underperforming. Participants in the study are; Principals, Viceprincipals and Heads of Department (HODs) from the two schools. I utilised one-on-one semi-structured interview, observations and document review to obtain rich data towards providing answers to the puzzle of the study. Findings among others indicate that monitoring, modelling, and internally funded training and development of teachers, ensured effective instructional delivery and up-date of knowledge in the teaching skills; and subject knowledge update of teachers in the exceptionally performing school, which impacted on student’s performance in the exceptionally performing school, compared to the exceptionally underperforming school. © MCSER-Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research.	Academic performance; and input and output variables; Exceptional performing and underperforming; Instructional leadership; Transformational leadership	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84898448405	Views from below: Students' perceptions of teaching practice evaluations and stakeholder roles	Sosibo L.	2013	Perspectives in Education	31	4	None	Department of Education, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa	Sosibo, L., Department of Education, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa	Interest in teaching practice as an essential component of teacher education is growing. In spite of this, there is a dearth of research investigating students' perceptions of teaching practice evaluations from them as beneficiaries. This qualitative study examines students' perceptions of teaching practice evaluations administered by means of observations and criteria-based forms from a systems theory approach, with a view to establishing how effectively all aspects of support, structure and teaching practice evaluation interact and contribute to the development of new teachers. The sample was drawn from one of three campuses that offer the teacher education programme. Data was gathered from 12 focus groups of 57 students using in-depth, semi-structured, open-ended interviews. Results revealed that, although students generally found teaching practice evaluations meaningful, several systemic factors mitigated against their growth and development. Recommendations included strengthening partnerships between schools and university and among all stakeholders; development of a teaching practice theoretical framework and alignment of teaching practice in the campuses that offer the teacher education programme, and developing teaching practice frameworks and structures that could offer students meaningful learning experiences while they are in the schools. © 2013 University of the Free State.	Collaboration; Evaluations; Stakeholders; Support; Teacher education; Teaching practice	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884548028	Gender, geographic locations, achievement goals and academic performance of secondary school students from Borno State, Nigeria	Musa A.	2013	Research in Education	90	1	10.7227/RIE.90.1.2	Department of Education, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B.1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria	Musa, A., Department of Education, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B.1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria	The paper examined gender, geography location, achievement goals and academic performance of senior secondary school students in Borno State, Nigeria. The sample consists of 827 students from 18 public boarding secondary schools across South and North of Borno State: 414 (50.1 per cent) males and 413 (49.9 per cent) are females; 414 (50.1 per cent) are from South of Borno State, 413 (49.9 per cent) from North of Borno State, respectively. An Achievement Goals Scale with a Cronbach alpha of 0.64 was used to measure achievement goals. Tests in English and Mathematics were used to measure academic performance in English and Mathematics and overall academic performance. The data was analysed using MANAVA statistics. The results reveal that male students are more learning goal oriented and also performed significantly better than females in English and overall academic performance but not in Mathematics. Students from Southern Borno State are more learning goal oriented and performed significantly better than those from Northern Borno State in English, Mathematics and overall academic performance. Geographic locations moderate the effects of gender on students' learning goal, Mathematics and overall academic performance. © Manchester University Press.	Academic performance; Achievement goals; Gender; Geographical location	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949765285	Education within public management in south africa: A focus on external whole-school evaluation process’ contribution in Mpumalanga province	Mathaba R.S.R., Dorasamy N.	2015	Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions	5	3CONT1	None	Department of Education, University of Technology, South Africa; University of Technology, South Africa	Mathaba, R.S.R., Department of Education, University of Technology, South Africa; Dorasamy, N., University of Technology, South Africa	The study focused on the role played by public sector management in South Africa towards the country’s total development and improvement. This article also analyses how through the Whole School Evaluation (WSE) process, the education system in South Africa seeks to ensure that the schooling is effective. This paper examines public management, public administration as well as new public management (NPM). The aim is to illustrate a view of how education fits in the broader public management and how the WSE process assists schooling in South Africa and Mpumalanga in particular. This is to ensure that the schooling is effective and contribute towards service delivery and the country’s overall development and improvement. Furthermore, WSE as a process, is viewed through five of NPM undisputable and debatable characteristics of accountability for performance; performance measurement; performance auditing; policy analysis and evaluation; and strategic planning and management. Public management functions and public management principles are discussed from a point of how the WSE process strives to ensure that it complies with these function and principles, and how this compliance benefit school improvement. This paper came to a number of conclusions regarding education within public management from a WSE perspective. Firstly, education through the external WSE process conforms to this principle of New Public Management in that evaluation is aimed at improving the quality of education. Also, the external WSE, as a process, and education in general, through the NPM principles can be performed within public management. Furthermore, external WSE conforms to public management principles as well as Batho Pele principles. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Batho pele principles; External whole school evaluation; New public management; Public administration; Public management; Public management functions; Public management principles	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84872225541	Personality variables as predictors of leadership role performance effectiveness of administrators of public secondary schools in Cross River State, Nigeria	Akpan C.P., Archibong I.A.	2012	International Education Studies	5	4	10.5539/ies.v5n4p212	Department of Educational Administration and Planning, Faculty of Education, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria; Department of Educational Foundations, Administration Cross River University of Technology, Calabar, Cross River State	Akpan, C.P., Department of Educational Administration and Planning, Faculty of Education, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria; Archibong, I.A., Department of Educational Foundations, Administration Cross River University of Technology, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria	The study sought to find out the predictive effect of self-concept, self-efficacy, self-esteem and locus of control on the instructional and motivational leadership roles performance effectiveness of administrators of public secondary schools in Cross River State of Nigeria. The relative contribution of each of the independent variables to the prediction was also investigated. The survey design was adopted for the study. The study sample consistedof 400 school administrators. Two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Two sets of instruments namely, Personality Factor Questionnaire (PFQ) and Administrator Leadership Roles Performance Questionnaire (ALRPQ) with reliability indices of 0.75 and 0.72 respectively, were used for data collection. The data collected were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results of the study revealed that self-efficacy, locus of control and self-concept contributed significantly to the prediction of administrators' effectiveness in instructional leadership role performance while self-esteem did not. Also, self-concept, self-efficacy, and self-esteem relatively made significant contributions to the prediction of administrators' effectiveness in motivational leadership role performance while locus of control did not. Based on these findings, it was recommended among other things that personality test should be used as a tool for appointment of school administrators.	Effectiveness; Leadership; Locus of control; Personality; Roles; Self-concept; Self-efficacy; Self-esteem	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84957538919	Enhancing students’ reading comprehension performance through think and search questions. A study of selected secondary schools in Kaduna, Nigeria	Yusuf H.	2015	Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology	2015	None	None	Department of Educational Foundations and Curriculum, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	Yusuf, H., Department of Educational Foundations and Curriculum, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	This study focused on using “think and search” questions to enhance student’s performance in reading comprehension. A sample of sixty (60) senior secondary schools from Kaduna metropolis was used for the study. Quasi experimental research design was used for the study. Government Secondary School, Kigo Road was used as the experimental school, while Government Secondary School Ungwan Muazu was used as the control school. Senior secondary two (i.e SS2) students were used for the study. Thirty (30) students (intact class) from each of the schools were used for the study. Both groups were exposed to six (6) weeks of teaching. Prior to teaching, both groups were exposed to pretest to establish the homogeneity of the two groups of students. Both groups were assessed after six (6) weeks of teaching using reading comprehension test. T-test was used to test the hypothesis raised in the study. The findings revealed significant differences in the performance of students taught reading comprehension using “think and search” questions. Teachers are encouraged to enhance students’ performance in reading comprehension by engaging students in “think and search” questions during reading comprehension lessons. Curriculum planners and text book writers are equally encouraged to provide think and search questions for students before during and after every reading comprehension passage as a means of evaluating each reading task. © The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology.	Enhance student’s	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84860877339	Business studies academic performance differences of secondary school juniors in Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria	Udoukpong B.E., Emah I.E., Umoren S.E.	2012	International Education Studies	5	2	10.5539/ies.v5n2p35	Department of Educational Foundations Guidance and Counselling, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria; Department of Curriculum Studies Educational Management and Planning, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria; Government Technical College, Uyo, Nigeria	Udoukpong, B.E., Department of Educational Foundations Guidance and Counselling, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria; Emah, I.E., Department of Curriculum Studies Educational Management and Planning, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria; Umoren, S.E., Government Technical College, Uyo, Nigeria	The research examined the differences in the academic performance in Business Studies of a sampled secondary school junior students in Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria. A sample of 290 (138 male and 152 female) Junior Secondary Three (9 th grade) students was surveyed. The students' variables' being examined vis-à-vis academic performance in Business Studies were: 1) gender and 2) self-concept. Students' academic performance in Business Studies differed significantly on the basis of gender and self-concept. Implications for students' personal variables considerations in the teaching-learning of Business Studies are suggested.	Academic performance; Business studies; Gender; Self-concept	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84926613321	Constructionist career counseling of undergraduate students: An experimental evaluation	Obi O.P.	2015	Journal of Vocational Behavior	88	None	10.1016/j.jvb.2015.03.009	Department of Educational Foundations, College of Agricultural and Science Education, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria	Obi, O.P., Department of Educational Foundations, College of Agricultural and Science Education, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria	This study used a pretest-posttest control group design to examine the effectiveness of a six-session constructionist career counseling intervention (Savickas, 2011). It was hypothesized that relative to pre-intervention scores, the participants would demonstrate decreases in their indecision, anxiety, uncertainty, and insecurity about their career choices. Participants consisted of 50 undergraduates ranging in age from 19 to 25. They completed the Undergraduate Career Choice Survey (UCCS) and then were evenly divided into an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group received six sessions of constructionist career counseling. Each session was approximately 45. min with a total of 4. h, 30. min approximately for the six sessions. Both groups then took the UCCS again. Analyses of the data using t-tests revealed significant reductions in indecision, anxiety, uncertainty, and insecurity for the intervention group but not for the control group. The intervention group took the UCCS again eight weeks later. An ANOVA indicated that the reductions in indecision, anxiety, uncertainty, and insecurity were slightly yet significantly greater. Limitations and directions for further research were pointed out. © 2015 Elsevier Inc.	Career indecision; Constructionist career counseling; Narrative career counseling	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892543484	Evaluation of employers' perceptions of the role of guidance and counselling and vocational education in sustainable development in Nigeria	Agi C.W.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	4	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n4p461	Department of Educational Foundations, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Agi, C.W., Department of Educational Foundations, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Guidance and Counselling and vocational education have long been recognized as a major vehicle for national development and growth. This study was aimed at evaluating the opinions of employers of labour on the roles of guidance and Counselling and vocational education in sustainable development in Nigeria. The sample comprised of 80 indigenous and 68 multi-national employers in the south-south geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. A duly validated questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analysed using statistical mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions, while t-test statistics was used to test the hypotheses. The findings revealed among other things that employers were not satisfied with the contribution of guidance and Counselling and vocational education to sustainable development in Nigeria. Based on the findings, it was recommended that government of Nigeria should provide effective leadership and partner with private sector in order to place guidance and Counselling and vocational education in its rightful position in sustainable development.	Guidance and counselling; Perception; Sustainable development; Vocational education	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84925459930	Towards the solution of abysmal performance in mathematics in junior high schools: Comparing the pedagogical potential Of two	Sarfo F.K., Eshun G., Elen J., Adentwi K.I.	2014	Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology	12	3	10.14204/ejrep.34.14028	Department of Educational Leadership, University of Education, Kumasi campus, Winneba, Kumasi, Ghana; Department of Mathematics, Baidoo Bonsoe Senior High School, Agona Ahanta, Ghana; Center for Instructional Psychology and Technology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Interdiscilinary Studies, University of Education, Kumasi Campus, Winneba, Kumasi, Ghana	Sarfo, F.K., Department of Educational Leadership, University of Education, Kumasi campus, Winneba, Kumasi, Ghana; Eshun, G., Department of Mathematics, Baidoo Bonsoe Senior High School, Agona Ahanta, Ghana; Elen, J., Center for Instructional Psychology and Technology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Adentwi, K.I., Department of Interdiscilinary Studies, University of Education, Kumasi Campus, Winneba, Kumasi, Ghana	Introduction: In this study, the effectiveness of two different interventions was investigated. The effects of a concrete abstract intervention and a regular method of teaching intervention were compared. Both interventions were designed in line with the specifications of classical principles of instructional design for learning mathematics in the traditional classroom of junior high school (JHS) in Ghana. The purpose was to contribute to the solution of abysmal performance of mathematics in the JHS. Method: Eighty students randomly selected from JHS, were randomly assigned to the two treatments. The content for the treatments were selected from the JHS syllabus. A teacher was trained to implement the treatments. The main study, consisting of six sessions, was conducted in a regular classroom of the school. Descriptive statistics, paired-samples t test, and t independent test were used to analyze the data. Results: Generally, the general performance of students in both groups improved significantly after they had experienced the designed treatments. Comparatively, t independent test revealed that the designed concrete representational abstract intervention (DCRAI) is more effective for improving students' general performance in geometry and algebra than the designed regular method of teaching intervention (DRMTI). Discussion and conclusion: The results of the study imply that instructional design principles are relevant, effective and needed in the design of classroom teaching, to address the poor performance in mathematics in JHSs (in Ghana). © Education & Psychology I+D+i and Ilustre Colegio Oficial de la Psicología de Andalucía Oriental.	Instructional intervention; Junior high school; Mathematics; Regular method of teaching; Representational abstract	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79953799754	Empirical analysis of school plant planning as a determinant of secondary school students' academic performance	Ijaduola K.O., Oni J., Muraina K.O.	2011	Academic Leadership	9	1	None	Department of Educational Management, College of Applied Education and Vocational Technology, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Nigeria	Ijaduola, K.O., Department of Educational Management, College of Applied Education and Vocational Technology, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Nigeria; Oni, J.; Muraina, K.O.	This study analysed the relationship between school plant planning and students' academic performance in secondary schools in Ogun State, Nigeria. 800 classroom teachers, purposively selected from schools in the four geo-political zones of the state, participated in the study. A questionnaire called: School Plant Planning and academic Performance Questionnaire (SPPAPQ) was used for data collection. Three hypotheses were generated and tested at 0.05 level of significance while the research instrument has a clrombach alpha of 0.84. The reason product moment correlation coefficient was employed for data analysis. It was established that significant relationship exists between school plant planning and students' academic performance. As a result, it was suggested among others that there is need for more provision of school plants and maintenance culture should be improved so as to enhance the educational performance of secondary school students.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84875002515	Impact of teachers' motivational indices on science students' academic performance in Nigerian Senior Secondary Schools	Oredein A., Awodun A.	2013	International Education Studies	6	2	10.5539/ies.v6n2p49	Department of Educational Management, Faculty of Education, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria; College Of Education, Ikere-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria	Oredein, A., Department of Educational Management, Faculty of Education, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria; Awodun, A., College Of Education, Ikere-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria	The impact of science teachers motivation on science students academic performance in Senior Secondary Schools in Ondo and Ekiti States of Nigeria was investigated in this study. This was a descriptive survey research which was questionnaire based and past WAEC O/L ((May/June 2008 and 2009) student results on the science subjects. The population of the study was all public Secondary Schools (science teachers and students) in Ekiti and Ondo States, Nigeria. A stratified random sampling was used to select a total of five hundred and ten (510) science teachers (male and female) from Ekiti and Ondo States from the selected schools for the study. And a total six thousand eight hundred (6,800) Science Students (male and female) from the selected schools was also considered in the study. In each of the school selected for the study, only teachers of Biology, Chemistry and Physics were involved in the sample and the students that registered and wrote Biology, Chemistry and Physics WAEC examination of May/June 2008 and 2009 in Ekiti and Ondo states of Nigeria. The data collected for the study were analyzed using descriptive analysis, Multiple Regression analysis and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. All the hypotheses were tested at 5 % level of significance. Among others, the study revealed that; there was significant relationship between regular payment of science teachers allowance and academic performance of science students; there was significant relationship between regular teachers participation in seminars/workshops and academic performance of science students. Also, there exist statistical significant relationship between granting of study leave with pay to science teachers and academic performance of science students. As a result of the findings, it was recommended that the adequate science allowance should be regularly paid to the science teachers to enhance their excellent performance.	Academic performance; Motivation; Science subjects; Science teachers allowance; Training and re-training	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77951663028	Impact of economic depression on the education of male and female undergraduates in Nigeria	Sola A., Iyiomo O.A., Okaima O.G.	2009	Social Sciences	4	6	None	Department of Educational Management, Lagos State University, Ojo, Nigeria	Sola, A., Department of Educational Management, Lagos State University, Ojo, Nigeria; Iyiomo, O.A., Department of Educational Management, Lagos State University, Ojo, Nigeria; Okaima, O.G., Department of Educational Management, Lagos State University, Ojo, Nigeria	This study was carried out to examine the challenges of economic depression on the education of male and female undergraduates in Nigeria. As a descriptive research design, it made use of some indicators for measuring the state of the Nigerian economy such as exchange rate, inflation rate, GDP per capital growth rate, foreign direct investment and consumer price index. Four public universities were selected through simple random sampling for the study. The participants were made up of 225 male and 225 female undergraduates, while reliability coefficient of the validated instrument was found to be 0.75. Data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics tools. The findings revealed that there was no significant difference between the effects of economic hardship on male and female undergraduates in Nigeria (t-cal 0.249 <t-value = 0.819; df = 6, p>05). The implication of this study proved that gender discrimination in the country was not tied to economic hardship, but ecosystemic thinking of the society, which is presently decreasing with reference to tertiary institutions enrolment. © Medwell Journals, 2009.	Budgetary allocations education; Economic disequilibrium; Ecosystemic thinking; Under funding	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79953806100	Mock examination results as a predictor of students' performance in senior secondary school certificate examination results in ogun state, Nigeria	Ajayi K.O., Lawani Abisola O., Muraina Kehinde O.	2011	European Journal of Scientific Research	49	3	None	Department of Educational Management, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ijebu - Ode, Nigeria; Department of Physics and Mathematics, Tai Solarin University of Education Ijagun, Ogun State, Nigeria; Department of Educational Management, Tai Sola	Ajayi, K.O., Department of Educational Management, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ijebu - Ode, Nigeria; Lawani Abisola, O., Department of Physics and Mathematics, Tai Solarin University of Education Ijagun, Ogun State, Nigeria; Muraina Kehinde, O., Department of Educational Management, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ogun State, Nigeria	This study was designed to investigate the predictive validity of Mathematics Mock results of students in the SSCE in Ogun State, Nigeria. Two hundred and sixty students were randomly selected by a simple random sampling technique from ten public secondary schools in two local government areas of Ogun State, Nigeria. An ex-post facto type of research design was used because data were collected from the already existing school records which do not require the manipulation of the independent variables. The data collected were analysed using the statistical software package for social sciences (SPSS). The findings of the study revealed that Mock examination results in Mathematics could be used to predict the success in academic performance of students in SSCE Mathematics. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2011.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892580712	Impact of technical and vocational education on manpower development in South-West Nigeria	Obadara O.E., Oyebolu S.O.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	3	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n3p409	Department of Educational Management, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ogun State, Nigeria; Department of Vocational and Technical Education, Tai Solarin College of Education, Omu-Ijebu, Ogun State, Nigeria	Obadara, O.E., Department of Educational Management, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ogun State, Nigeria; Oyebolu, S.O., Department of Vocational and Technical Education, Tai Solarin College of Education, Omu-Ijebu, Ogun State, Nigeria	The study examined the contribution of technical and vocational education to manpower development in south-west Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was used for the study. The sample of 20 industries was drawn, which were typically manufacturing industries in the south-west Nigeria using purposive sampling technique. While a total number of 78, 337 workers were sampled in all the 20 industries for the study. A self-developed checklist titled "Technical and Vocational Education Manpower Development Checklist (TVEMDC)" with a cronbach-alpha reliability coefficient (α = 0.78) was used for data gathering. Descriptive statistic of percentages as well as inferential statistic of Pearson product moment correlation was used for the data analysis. The findings revealed a very low percentage of technical and vocational education graduates employed by the industries in south-west Nigeria, and significant contribution of technical and vocational education to manpower development in south west Nigeria. It is therefore concluded among others that the nation' universities, polytechnics, and colleges should be up and doing in exposing the technical and vocational trainees to new ideas and technologies so as to be relevant in the world of work and integrate more quickly into the global economy, as businesses restructure their supply chain and operations to gain from regional comparative advantages.	Efficiency; Human resource; Self-reliance; Technical and vocational training; World of work	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33847650072	Location of secondary schools as a factor in determining academic performance of students in Oyo State Nigeria	Akinwumi F.S.	2006	European Journal of Social Sciences	3	2	None	Department of Educational Management, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Akinwumi, F.S., Department of Educational Management, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	This study investigates the influence of the location of secondary schools on academic performance of students in Oyo State using a descriptive survey research design. The Probability Proportional to Size (PPS) sampling method was used to select 100 secondary schools from among 318 secondary schools in twelve out of the existing thirty-three local government areas in the state. Four hypotheses were formulated and tested using chi-square (X2) and T-test statistical tools and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS/PC+). The study established a significant relationship between location of secondary schools and academic performance of students in Oyo State (X2 = 6.25, df =2, P&lt;0.05). A significant difference in the academic performance of students was 0.05) found in SSCE English Language (t-cal.2.14 &gt;t-crit. 200, df= 98.P&lt;0.05) in urban and rural secondary schools. The study also found no significant influence of journey to school on academic performance of students in urban and rural secondary schools in Oyo State (X2=0.124, table value = 3.85, df= 1,P&lt; 0.05). The following recommendations were made: government should evolve effective and strategic planning method before establishing new schools, government should also develop more useful and reliable policies for the distribution of educational facilities and resources in the state.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-68649084455	The impact of constitutional principles on the administration of justice in United Kingdom	Fabunmi M., Araromi M.	2009	European Journal of Scientific Research	33	1	None	Department of Educational Management, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Faculty of Law, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Fabunmi, M., Department of Educational Management, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Araromi, M., Faculty of Law, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	This study entails an analysis of the impact of the constitutional principles of parliamentary sovereignty, rule of law and separation of powers on administration of justice in the United Kingdom, a country which is noted for judicial impartiality in the administration of justice. The Dicey's rules of parliamentary sovereignty, rule of law and the separation of powers served as the basis for analysis. He was a professor of law at Oxford University. References were made to other relevant theories, statutes and cases. Parliamentary sovereignty deals with the relationship between the Parliament and the law. The rule of law is concerned with the relationship between the government and the law. It was argued that there should be separation of the legislative and executive (which then included the judiciary) functions of government. Later theorists argued for an independent judiciary. The application of the doctrines often creates tension, which is often resolved. It was concluded that the operation of the constitutional principles of the sovereignty of Parliament, the rule of law and separation of powers has positive impact on the administration of justice in United Kingdom. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2009.	Administration of justice; Constitutional principles; Parliamentary sovereignty; Rule of law; Separation of powers	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903301767	Predictors of academic performance of seminarians in Catholic Major Seminaries in the South-West Region of Nigeria	Adubale A.A., Aluede O.	2014	British Journal of Guidance and Counselling	42	4	10.1080/03069885.2014.886671	Department of Educational Psychology and Curriculum Studies, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Department of Guidance and Counselling, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria	Adubale, A.A., Department of Educational Psychology and Curriculum Studies, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Aluede, O., Department of Guidance and Counselling, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria	This study investigated predictors of seminarians' academic performance. The study employed a correlational research design. Two hundred and thirty two seminarians constituted the sample for the study. Bakare's modified version of student problem inventory was used to collect the data of the study. The findings indicated that time management and lack of concentration significantly predicted the academic performance of seminarians. Based on the findings, the study recommended intervention programmes, such as workshop on techniques of managing external distractions and unresolved personal crises that interfere with the seminarians' concentration level and workshop on time management skills; and that counselling units should be established in the Catholic Major Seminaries in the South-West Region of Nigeria since there is none at the moment. © 2014 Taylor & Francis.	academic achievement; academic success; Catholic Church; Catholic Seminarians; counsellor education programme; school success	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84951202383	Values orientation, needs satisfaction and job performance of public servants in Cross River State of Nigeria	Bassey P.U., Omori A.E.	2015	Organizational Cultures	14	04-Mar	None	Department of Educational Psychology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria; University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria; University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	Bassey, P.U., Department of Educational Psychology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria; Omori, A.E., University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of values orientation and needs satisfaction on public servants’ job performance in Cross River State, Nigeria. Survey data collected from five hundred (500) public servants were used in the study. In all, four hypotheses were formulated covering the variables in the study. The Workers’ Values Orientation, Needs Satisfaction and Performance Questionnaire (WVANSAPQ) was used, and data collected was tested at the 0.05 level of significance using the Pearson Moment Coefficient. The results and data analysis indicated that values orientation and needs satisfaction had significant influence on public servants’ job performance. Consequently, the study recommended that the government and counselors as well as employers of labour should embark on reorienting workers, particularly public servants in the area of values orientation and counseling in the public sector in order to raise their level of awareness and consciousness to the variables in the study as a means of facilitating their job effectiveness in the 21st century. © Common Ground, Peter Unoh Bassey, Anne Emmanuel Omori, All Rights Reserved.	Job performance; Needs satisfaction; Public servants; Values orientation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84863887903	Care, performance and performativity: Portraits of teachers' lived experiences	Perold M., Oswald M., Swart E.	2012	Education as Change	16	1	10.1080/16823206.2012.692208	Department of Educational Psychology, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	Perold, M., Department of Educational Psychology, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa; Oswald, M., Department of Educational Psychology, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa; Swart, E., Department of Educational Psychology, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	Data from an investigation into the care practices of teachers in a primary school in a vulnerable community fore-grounded, firstly, the influence of a performance culture on the lived experiences of teachers; and secondly, the role of language in the meaning-making of teachers regarding care. The data was generated by means of group discussions, individual and focus group interviews and open-ended questions as part of a more comprehensive research project that explored teachers' care practices in two primary schools. The research project employed an ethnographic methodology and more specifically, an ethnographic casebook design. We purposefully selected three teachers from the one school to construct portraits of their care practices. In an effort to make sense of the data we consulted the writings of Judith Butler on the constitutive nature of language. We viewed the teachers' accounts of their lived experiences through the lenses of care theory, performance and performativity. The portraits of the three teachers demonstrated how different interpretations of circumstances, culture and language can lead to different courses of action, albeit in one environment, and clearly indicate how the pressure of performing might obscure other important aspects of teachers' work such as caring for their learners. © 2012 Copyright Centre for Education Practice Research (CEPR).	care; performance; performativity; teachers' lived experiences	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892549948	Effects of animated agricultural science instructional package on attitude and performance of junior secondary school students in south west area, Nigeria	Tayo Abass B., Bimbo A., Ojo O.A.	2012	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	3	1	10.5901/mjss.2012.03.01.425	Department of Educational Technology, Obafemi Awolowo University, le-Ife, Nigeria	Tayo Abass, B., Department of Educational Technology, Obafemi Awolowo University, le-Ife, Nigeria; Bimbo, A., Department of Educational Technology, Obafemi Awolowo University, le-Ife, Nigeria; Ojo, O.A., Department of Educational Technology, Obafemi Awolowo University, le-Ife, Nigeria	The study developed a locally-produced Animated Agricultural Science Instructional Package (AASIP). It also examined the effectiveness of the package on students' attitude and performance in Agricultural Science. This was with a view to improving the performance of students in Agricultural Science.The pre-test post-test control group design was employed. The study population consisted of Junior Secondary School (JSS) III students in Ilesa West Local Government Area of Osun State. Two schools were purposively selected based on availability of Agricultural Science teachers. The sample for the study consisted of 160 students selected through simple random sampling technique into experimental and control groups. Students in the experimental group were taught using AASIP while those in the control group were taught using the conventional classroom teaching. The AASIP was developed locally based on animated topics on crop rotation and designed in modules using Macromedia Flash 8.0 and Microsoft PowerPoint 2007. Two research instruments titled Agricultural Science Achievement Test (ASAT) and Students' Attitude Towards Agricultural Science Questionnaire (SATASQ) were used for data collection. Data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.The results showed that students' attitude towards Agricultural Science was enhanced with the use of the animated instructional package (F = 4.398, p < 0.05). The results further showed that students exposed to the locally-produced AASIP performed significantly better than those exposed to the conventional method (F = 6.082, p < 0.05). The study concluded that the locally produced AASIP was an effective tool for teaching Agricultural Science in secondary schools.	Animated instructional package; Attitude; Instructional package	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955417672	The impact of parenthood and birth order on the academic achievement of pupils in Abeokuta South Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria	Edun T., Oguntola S.	2011	European Journal of Social Sciences	20	4	None	Department of Educational, Foundations and Management Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria; Department of Sociological Studies, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Nigeria	Edun, T., Department of Educational, Foundations and Management Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria; Oguntola, S., Department of Sociological Studies, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Nigeria	The study sought to determine the impact of parenthood and birth order on the academic achievement of primary school pupils in Abeokuta South Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. The sample consisted of 250 primary six pupils selected through a stratified random sampling technique from five primary schools in the Local Government Area. Data were collected through a Demographic Questionnaire and an Achievement Test. Descriptive Statistics and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used to analyse collected data. Findings revealed that there was no significant difference in the academic achievement of pupils with both parents, single parents and no parents (Fc2,228= 1.135, P>0.05), just as there was no significant difference in the academic achievement of 'first borns' 'middle borns' and 'last borns' (Fc2,229= 1.715, P>0.05). The findings were consistent with similar findings in Africa and developing nations generally that school factors were far more important than family factors in determining school achievement. The implications of these findings for the school and the family, and the interventions required were discussed.	Academic achievement; Birth order; Parenthood; Primary school pupils	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80053058105	Evaluation of a second order simulation for Sterling engine design and optimisation	Strauss J.M., Dobson R.T.	2010	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	21	2	None	Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa; Department of Mechanical and Megatronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	Strauss, J.M., Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa; Dobson, R.T., Department of Mechanical and Megatronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	This paper reports on the investigation of the simulation accuracy of a second order Stirling cycle simulation tool as developed by Urieli (2001) and improvements thereof against the known performance of the GPU-3 Stirling engine. The objective of this investigation is to establish a simulation tool to perform preliminary engine design and optimisation. The second order formulation under investigation simulates the engine based on the ideal adiabatic cycle, and parasitic losses are only accounted for afterwards. This approach differs from third order formulations that simulate the engine in a coupled manner incorporating non-idealities during cyclic simulation. While the second order approach is less accurate, it holds the advantage that the degradation of the ideal performance due to the various losses is more clearly defined and offers insight into improving engine performance. It is therefore particularly suitable for preliminary design of engines. Two methods to calculate the performance and efficiency of the data obtained from the ideal adiabatic cycle and the parasitic losses were applied, namely the method used by Urieli and a proposed alternative method. These two methods differ essentially in how the regenerator and pumping losses are accounted for. The overall accuracy of the simulations, especially using the proposed alternative method to calculate the different operational variables, proved to be satisfactory. Although significant inaccuracies occurred for some of the operational variables, the simulated trends in general followed the measurements and it is concluded that this second order Stirling cycle simulation tool using the proposed alternative method to calculate the different operationalvariables is suitable for preliminary engine design and optimisation.	Second order simulation; Stirling engines	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867264073	Power evacuation assessment and contingency evaluation of the pre-reform 330KV Nigeria power system using MATLAB	Izuegbunam F.I., Okafor E.N.C., Akwukwaegbu I.O., Ichetaonye O.I.	2012	International Journal of Applied Engineering Research	7	9	None	Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria	Izuegbunam, F.I., Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Okafor, E.N.C., Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Akwukwaegbu, I.O., Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Ichetaonye, O.I., Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria	A detailed analysis of the various contingencies that can occur on the prereform 330KV Nigeria power network was simulated in this paper. The methodology involves performing an in-depth power flow analysis on the 330KV network and then subjecting it to the various contingencies. The simulation was done using Newton-Raphson technique in MATLAB program. The findings revealed that the network is characterised with some level of instability in terms of voltage and thermal limit violations. Recommendations were however made with a view to strengthen the network so as to attain reasonable degree of reliability in its operations. © Research India Publications.	Contingency evaluation; National grid; Power flow; Pre-reform; Voltage profile	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-83455211703	Performance evaluation of Egbin Power Station, Nigeria	Adegboyega G.A., Odeyemi K.O.	2011	European Journal of Scientific Research	65	3	None	Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Nigeria	Adegboyega, G.A., Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Nigeria; Odeyemi, K.O., Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Nigeria	The performance analysis of Egbin Power Plant in terms of Plant Capacity and Power Factor is herein presented. The Station consists of six units of steam turbines with a total installed capacity of 1320MW and commissioned between May 1985 and November 1987. In this paper, field data were collected from the Station records of operation and maintenance for a period under review of 2000 to 2010. The study reveals that the average capacity factor was 50.78% while the plant use factor's average was 74.60%. In year 2010, the average load factor was 76.61% while the utilization factor had the average of 61.91%. The shortfall in performance levels of the plant is attributable to low plant availability due to frequent breakdowns/failures, overdue overhauling of some units, obsolete technology, instability of the national grid system, aging plant equipment and disruption in gas supply among others. Measures to improve the performance indices of the plant were suggested. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2011.	Egbin Power Plant; Performance analysis; Plant capacity; Power factor	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33847751928	The power of non-verbal communication: Predicting job performance by means of thin slices of non-verbal behaviour	Visser D., Matthews J.D.L.	2005	South African Journal of Psychology	35	2	None	Programme in Industrial Psychology, Department of Human Resource Management, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa; Programme in Industrial Psychology, Department of Human Resource Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	Visser, D., Programme in Industrial Psychology, Department of Human Resource Management, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa; Matthews, J.D.L., Programme in Industrial Psychology, Department of Human Resource Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	The purpose of the study was to investigate whether ratings of brief exposures to 'non-verbal' and 'non-verbal plus verbal' behaviour could successfully predict on-the-job performance in a call centre. A panel of ten judges who were exposed to 30-second silent video recordings of 29 call centre operators carrying out their jobs were asked to rate the non-verbal behaviour of the operators on several dimensions. Two weeks later they were asked to repeat their judgments with the audio channel included. The judgments were correlated with management ratings and customer ratings of the operators' performance. The correlations varied between 0.31 and 0.46, representing medium to large effect sizes. The inclusion of the verbal channel did not significantly improve the accuracy of the thin-slice judgments of non-verbal behaviour. The implications of using ratings of non-verbal behaviour as a selection method were discussed. © Psychological Society of South Africa. All rights reserved.	Call-centre operators; Customer service; Non-verbal behaviour; Non-verbal communication; Selection; Thin-slice judgments; Training; Video footage	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77957098598	Performance assessment of a class of industrial fans with substantial process variability for on-condition monitoring and control system design	Obinabo E.C., Ikpotokm F.O.	2009	International Journal of Systems Signal Control and Engineering Application	2	04-Mar	10.3923/ijssceapp.2009.51.55	Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, P.M.B. 14, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria; Department of Computer Science, Ambrose Alli University, P.M.B. 14, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria	Obinabo, E.C., Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, P.M.B. 14, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria; Ikpotokm, F.O., Department of Computer Science, Ambrose Alli University, P.M.B. 14, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria	This study presents a statistical quality control study for on-condition monitoring of draught fans in a steelmaking process. The study proposes a procedure for obtaining consistent estimates of peak vibration levels for performance assessment the machines based on independent measurements of the variable assuming the time between successive occurrences of the peak vibration were distributed with a probability density function. © Medwell Journals, 2009.	Experimental design and modelling; Nigeria; On-condition performance assessment; Probability density function; Statistical quality control; Vibration monitoring	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77957069513	On the performance assessment of a class of industrial fans with substantial process variability for on-condition monitoring and control system design	Ochonogor C.U., Obinabo E.C.	2009	International Journal of Systems Signal Control and Engineering Application	2	04-Mar	10.3923/ijssceapp.2009.40.44	Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Petroleum Training Institute, P.M.B. 20, Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria; Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Ambrose Alli University, P.M.B. 14 Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria	Ochonogor, C.U., Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Petroleum Training Institute, P.M.B. 20, Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria; Obinabo, E.C., Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Ambrose Alli University, P.M.B. 14 Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria	This study presents a statistical quality control study for on-condition monitoring of draught fans in a steelmaking process. The study proposes a procedure for obtaining consistent estimates of peak vibration levels for performance assessment the machines based on independent measurements of the variable assuming the time between successive occurrences of the peak vibration were distributed with a probability density function. © Medwell Journals, 2009.	Experimental design and modelling; Machine; Nigeria; Probability density function; Statistical quality control; Vibration monitoring	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947902528	Performance evaluation of three PID controller tuning algorithm on a process plant	Ibrahim O., Amuda S.A.Y., Mohammed O.O., Kareem G.A.	2015	International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering	5	5	None	Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria; Department of Computer Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure, Abuja, Nigeria	Ibrahim, O., Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria; Amuda, S.A.Y., Department of Computer Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Mohammed, O.O., Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria; Kareem, G.A., National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure, Abuja, Nigeria	Accurate tuning of controller in industrial process operation is prerequisite to system smooth operation which directly reduce process variability, improved efficiency, reduced energy costs, and increased production rates. Performance evaluation of a model based PID controller tuning algorithm on a chemical process plant is presented in this paper. The control action of three different PID controller tuning algorithms namely; Hagglund-Astrom, Cohen and Coon, and Ziegler-Nichols on the process plant was examined in a closed loop control configuration under normal operating condition and in the face of disturbance. LabVIEW software was used to model a chemical process plant from open loop control test data. The time domain response analysis of the controllers shows that each tuning algorithm exhibit different time response. Ziegler-Nichols algorithm shows the best performance with fastest rise time, settling time and was able to restore the system back to normal operating condition in a short time when subjected to disturbance compare to Cohen & Coon controller and Hagglund-Astrom algorithm settings. © 2015 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.	Control algorithm; PID controller; Plant model; Time response; Tuning parameter	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84885752217	Development of a software solution for solar-PV power systems sizing and monitoring	Odigwe I.A., Nnadi C.I., Agbetuyi A.F., Awelewa A.A., Idachaba F.E.	2013	International Journal of Renewable Energy Research	3	3	None	Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Covenant University, P.M.B 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	Odigwe, I.A., Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Covenant University, P.M.B 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Nnadi, C.I., Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Covenant University, P.M.B 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Agbetuyi, A.F., Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Covenant University, P.M.B 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Awelewa, A.A., Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Covenant University, P.M.B 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Idachaba, F.E., Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Covenant University, P.M.B 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	Power systems sizing and monitoring are very important design components in determining the overall performance of solar-photovoltaic (PV) systems. These design components represent the pre-installation and post-installation stages of solar-PV systems planning respectively, and paying adequate attention to them can go a long way to increasing the working life of solar-PV system installations. The SolarHelper developed in this work is a small software solution package that monitors and records vital system variables that will give the state and performance of an existing solar-PV installation at any given time; and it is able to accurately provide a simulated output of the required battery storage capacity, and PV array size based on load demands.	Interfacing; Microcontroller; Monitoring; Sizing software solution package; Solar-PV system	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897061974	Experimental evaluation of matrix converter for wind energy conversion system under various abnormal conditions	Kumar V., Joshi R.R., Bansal R.C.	2014	International Journal of Renewable Energy Research	4	1	None	Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Technology and Engineering, MPUAT, Udaipur, 313001, India; Department of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa	Kumar, V., Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Technology and Engineering, MPUAT, Udaipur, 313001, India; Joshi, R.R., Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Technology and Engineering, MPUAT, Udaipur, 313001, India; Bansal, R.C., Department of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa	This paper presents the experimental evaluation of reversed indirect matrix converter (MC) interfaced wind energy conversion system (WECS), where space vector pulse width modulation together with adaptive fuzzy logic control is effectively used to enhance the performance of system under various abnormal conditions like abrupt change in wind speed, disconnection from grid, misfire in the converter, sudden out of one phase, change in load etc. The proposed adaptive control system is realized using dSPACE DS1104 board. Selective experimental results are presented using a laboratory 1.2 kW prototype of WECS to demonstrate the resulting improvements of the developed system under abnormal conditions.	Matrix converter; Space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM); Wind emulator; Wind energy conversion system (WECS)	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884540221	Impacts of tie-lines and wind generator location on small signal stability of a power system	Ayodele T.R., Jimoh A.A., Munda J.L., Agee J.T.	2013	International Journal of Renewable Energy Research	3	1	None	Department of Electrical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa	Ayodele, T.R., Department of Electrical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa; Jimoh, A.A., Department of Electrical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa; Munda, J.L., Department of Electrical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa; Agee, J.T., Department of Electrical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa	This paper analyses the impact of tie-lines connecting different areas of power system and the location of wind farms on the small signal stability of a power system. The analysis is conducted using Monte Carlo simulation via modal analysis. The random samples are generated from two-parameter Weibull distribution to obtain possible representation of wind speed needed for the generation of wind power using Latin hypercube sampling techniques. The sampling technique allows the usage of a small sample size, which helps in reducing the simulation cost without jeopardising the accuracy ofthe result. Different scenarios are created and the oscillatory modes are calculated for different operating condition. The changes in modal characteristic of the system due to different operating conditions are evaluated by observing the movement on the complex plane. The results of the modal analysis for each scenario are validated using time domain simulation. Some of the key results show that wind power can have either positive or negative impact on the oscillation of a power system depending on the location in which it is integrated into the power system. It is also found out that strengthening the weak tie-lines can greatly improve the inter-area mode. This paper is useful in the planning stage of wind power projects.	Monte Carlo simulation.; Power systems; Small signal stability; Tie-lines; Wind power; Wind power location	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70349457519	The potential impact of small-scale flywheel energy storage technology on Uganda's energy sector	Okou R., Sebitosi A.B., Khan A., Pillay P.	2009	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	20	1	None	Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, Canada	Okou, R., Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Sebitosi, A.B., Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Khan, A., Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Pillay, P., Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, Canada	The energy crisis in Uganda has caused a sharp decline in the growth of the industry sector from 10.8% to 4.5% between 2004/5 and 2005/6. This crisis has escalated the power disruptions, which have had adverse effects on various sectors. While business owners have resorted to importation of fossil fuel generators that have increased the cost of production, others have resorted to battery energy storage systems to cater for short outages, which are limited in life span, depth of discharge, among others. These interventions have, thus, further increased the cost of goods and services. In addition, the rural populations using solar home systems incur high battery maintenance and replacement costs. In this paper an electromechanical flywheel battery is proposed as a better alternative in mitigating energy storage problems. It is found that by replacing the battery storage systems with the electromechanical flywheel battery, a saving of up to 35% on cost of energy can be made in the solar home systems and for the industry sector, the power disruptions could be reduced.	Cost of energy; Energy storage; Flywheel; Life cost analysis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84881502970	Voltage-differentiated electricity tariffs and economic evaluation of a supply voltage choice: A case of a customer in South Africa	Mbuli N., Pretorius J.	2013	International Review of Electrical Engineering	8	3	None	Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Johannesburg, Kingsway Road, Oakaland Park, 2006, Gauteng, South Africa; University of Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Eskom Holdings SoC Limited, Engineering Council of South Africa (ECSA), African Institute of Electrical Engineers (SAIEE), P. O. Box 2011, Halfway House, 1685, South Africa; University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 44587, Linden, 2104, South Africa	Mbuli, N., Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Johannesburg, Kingsway Road, Oakaland Park, 2006, Gauteng, South Africa, University of Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa, Eskom Holdings SoC Limited, Engineering Council of South Africa (ECSA), African Institute of Electrical Engineers (SAIEE), P. O. Box 2011, Halfway House, 1685, South Africa; Pretorius, J., Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Johannesburg, Kingsway Road, Oakaland Park, 2006, Gauteng, South Africa, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 44587, Linden, 2104, South Africa	The cost of providing electricity to customers depends on the voltage at which they take supply. Because of this, many utilities around the world have electricity tariff rates that vary according to the voltage at which supply is taken. Economic evaluation of investments is a critical factor to ensure their worth, and this applies equally to electrical infrastructure, including customer load connection. In this paper, the authors evaluated the worth of taking supply at a higher voltage in comparison with doing so at a lower voltage. The impact of the customer's load size and load factor on this worth was also studied. A case study considering voltage-differentiated electricity tariffs in Eskom was conducted. It was demonstrated that, in the case of Eskom's scenario, taking supply at a higher voltage had a significant worth to eligible customers. Such worth increased significantly with load and factor. It was concluded that, in assessing the worth of investment, customers have to assess the impact of voltage choice on their investments carefully as this could help identify voltage that can make marginal projects worthwhile and those that are justifiable even more robust. © 2013 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved.	Cumulative net present value; Economic evaluation; Electricity tariff; Net Present Value (NPV); Payback period	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84887893283	Impact of propagation delay on the performance of satellite LTE networks	Aiyetoro G., Giambene G., Takawira F.	2014	Advanced Science Letters	20	2	10.1166/asl.2014.5351	Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa; Department of Information Engineering, University of Siena, Via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy; School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Aiyetoro, G., Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa; Giambene, G., Department of Information Engineering, University of Siena, Via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy; Takawira, F., School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	This paper investigates the impact of the Round Trip Propagation Delay (RTPD) in the satellite LTE air interface with the adoption of MIMO technology. The Satellite LTE air interface will provide global coverage and hence complement its terrestrial counterpart in the provision of LTE services to mobile users. A land mobile dualpolarized GEO satellite system has been considered for this work. The link adaption is an important module for the scheduling scheme and the satellite LTE network as a whole in order to make optimal scheduling decisions and effectively utilize the network resources respectively. However, the long RTPD experienced when Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) is reported from the User Equipment (UE) to the eNodeB via GEO satellite causes misalignment between the reported CQI at the eNodeB and the present CQI of the mobile user. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of the misalignment as a result of long RTPD on the system performance of Satellite LTE network. © 2014 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.	GEO satellite; Link adaptation; LTE; RTPD	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894052408	Prediction based channel allocation performance for cognitive radio	Barnes S.D., Maharaj B.T.	2014	AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications	68	4	10.1016/j.aeue.2013.09.009	Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	Barnes, S.D., Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Maharaj, B.T., Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	The interdependency, in a cognitive radio (CR) network, of spectrum sensing, occupancy modelling, channel switching and secondary user (SU) performance, is investigated. Achievable SU data throughput and primary user (PU) disruption rate have been examined for both theoretical test data as well as data obtained from real-world spectrum measurements done in Pretoria, South Africa. A channel switching simulator was developed to investigate SU performance, where a hidden Markov model (HMM) was employed to model and predict PU behaviour, from which proactive channel allocations could be made. Results show that CR performance may be improved if PU behaviour is accurately modelled, since accurate prediction allows the SU to make proactive channel switching decisions. It is further shown that a trade-off may exist between achievable SU throughput and average PU disruption rate. When using the prediction model, significant performance improvements, particularly under heavy traffic density conditions, of up to double the SU throughput and half the PU disruption rate were observed. Results obtained from a measurement campaign were comparable with those obtained from theoretical occupancy data, with an average similarity score of 95% for prediction accuracy, 90% for SU throughput and 70% for PU disruption rate. © 2013 Elsevier GmbH.	Channel switching; Cognitive radio; Occupancy modelling; Secondary user performance; Spectrum measurements	None	National Research Foundation
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907541009	Available transfer capability (ATC) as index for transmission network performance – A case study of Nigerian 330kV transmission grid	Sadiq A.A., Nwohu M.N., Okenna A.E.	2014	International Journal on Electrical Engineering and Informatics	6	3	None	Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria	Sadiq, A.A., Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; Nwohu, M.N., Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; Okenna, A.E., Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria	Performance measurement of transmission system is vital to proper planning and operations of power systems in the presence of deregulation. Degree of performance is often measured by technical and financial key performance indicators (KPIs) often determined by unavailability, quality of supply and energy lost. This paper implement a novel method, Hybridized continuous repeated power flow (HCR-PF) to compute inter-area ATC and gives a method based on computed ATC to determine the transmission efficiency by measuring the transmission system transfer efficiency in terms of available transfer capability. Available Transmission Transfer Efficiency (ATTE) expresses the percentage of real power received resulting from inter-area available power transfer. The results show that HCR-PF provides a good approximate alternative to ATC computation which is validated using IEEE 30 bus test network. The Tie line (physical path) performance is obtained by calculating the required sending end quantities with specified receiving end ATC and the receiving end power circle diagram. © 2014, International Journal on Electrical Engineering and Informatics. All rights reserved.	Available transfer capability; Efficiency; Performance; Real power; Transmission system	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84920437193	Techno-economic and environmental evaluation of demand side management techniques for rural electrification in Ibadan, Nigeria	Akinbulire T.O., Oluseyi P.O., Babatunde O.M.	2014	International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering	5	4	10.1007/s40095-014-0132-2	Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria	Akinbulire, T.O., Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Oluseyi, P.O., Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Babatunde, O.M., Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria	According to the United Nation Development Programme, access to modern low-cost energy systems in developing countries is important in the realization of the globally agreed developmental goals, as well as the Millennium Development Goals, and sustainable development, which would assist in the reduction of poverty and to improve the conditions and quality of life for the greater part of the world’s population. Planners have suggested hybrid energy system for the electrification of rural areas worldwide. This study investigates the techno-economic and environmental effect of applying demand side management (DSM) activities to rural loads before design and sizing of hybrid energy systems for such community. Iporin a rural area in Ibadan, Nigeria which is endowed with an average daily solar radiation of 3.84 kWh/m2/day was taken as a case study. The total daily consumption which was initially estimated as 297 kWh/day after the application of DSM techniques dropped to 130 kWh/day representing a decrease of 56.80 %. Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables software was used for simulation and optimization purpose. Parameters such as DSM index, net present cost, and emission level were used in determining the effect of the DSM technique. Overall, the DSM activities proved to be more economical and environmental friendly. © 2014, The Author(s).	Demand side management; Energy efficiency; HOMER; Hybrid energy system; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897048371	Carbon footprint evaluation and reduction as a climate change mitigation tool - case study of federal university of agriculture abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	Ologun O.O., Wara S.T.	2014	International Journal of Renewable Energy Research	4	1	None	Department of Electrical/Electronics Engineering, College of Engineering, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Nigeria	Ologun, O.O., Department of Electrical/Electronics Engineering, College of Engineering, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Nigeria; Wara, S.T., Department of Electrical/Electronics Engineering, College of Engineering, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Nigeria	In this paper efforts were made to create awareness and evaluate carbon footprint for the Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta (FUNAAB) for the period August 2011 to July 2012. The aim of this analysis was to determine the carbon footprint of FUNAAB, not only to give a tangible number with which the University's carbon sustainability level can be compared with other academic Institutions, but also to provide the much-needed baseline against which future mitigation efforts on the university campus can be measured. FUNAAB's carbon footprint for the 2011/2012 session was found to be about 5,935 tons CO2, with transportation, campus energy consumption and farm machineries contributing about 63%, 35% and 2% respectively. Staff and student commuting alone contributed about 55% of all emissions associated with University activities. FUNAAB's per-capita emissions with a total of about 10,256 students for the 2011/2012 session amount to about 0.6 tons CO2 emissions per student.	Carbon footprint; FUNAAB; Per-capita emissions	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84906534427	Performance analysis of digital communication over fading channels	Adeleke O.A.	2012	International Journal on Communications Antenna and Propagation	2	1	None	Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia	Adeleke, O.A., Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia	There are several propagation paths between the transmitter and the receiver. The signal components arriving at the receiver from different paths add destructively or constructively any phase shift introduced by the medium. Thus, the signal strengths depend on the relative phases of the components of the received signal giving rise to a condition known as FADING. This paper dwells basically on the characterization, modeling and mitigation of outage probability of a generalized selection combining technique in a Rayleigh fading channel. It involves deriving the probability density function of the combiner output of a generalized selection system by integration, from which the outage probability would then be evaluated in closed form expression. MATLAB tool was used to simulate the behaviour of the received signal with varying number of selected paths: plots of the outage probability against normalized average signal-to noise ratio per symbol per path were obtained which showed an exponentially decaying power delay profile that is an increment in the available diversity paths L with the highest number of strongest paths Lc causing the performance of outage probability of a generalized combiner in Rayleigh fading channel to increase. Thus, it was observed that as the signal propagates through multiple paths, the average signal-to-noise ratio can be improved with the aid of a generalized selection combiner with the highest number of strongest paths. © 2012 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l.-All rights reserved.	Channel; Communication; Fading; Generalized selection combiner; Maximal ratio combiner; Outage probability; Performance; Rayleigh; Selection combiner	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84870680969	Techno-economic evaluation of wind energy in southwest Nigeria	Adaramola M.S., Oyewola O.M., Ohunakin O.S., Dinrifo R.R.	2012	Frontiers in Energy	6	4	10.1007/s11708-012-0205-y	Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7030, Norway; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, 23402, Nigeria; Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant Unive	Adaramola, M.S., Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7030, Norway; Oyewola, O.M., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, 23402, Nigeria; Ohunakin, O.S., Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ogun State, 11001, Nigeria; Dinrifo, R.R., School of Engineering, Lagos State Polytechnic, Lagos, 23401, Nigeria	In this study, an analysis of the wind energy potential in the southwest geo-political region of Nigeria was conducted. A 37-year (1971-2007) wind speed data set measured at 10 m height, obtained from eight meteorological stations within the region was analyzed using a 2-parameter Weibull function. Besides, a technoeconomic evaluation of large wind energy conversion systems with power ratings ranging from 0. 6 to 2MW at different hub heights based on the levelized unit cost of electricity was made for the different sites considered. The result showed that electricity cost varied from 0. 06997 and 0. 11195 $/(kW·h) to 2. 86611 and 4. 58578 $/(kW·h) at limit values of turbine specific cost band intervals of 1000 and 1600 $/kW. It was further shown that Lagos, having the highest accumulated power outputs of 430. 10 kW/a from DeWind D7 at 70m hub height, is the most preferred for economically usable power generation in terms of the levelized unit cost. © 2012 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.	mean wind speed; Nigeria; southwest geopolitical region; techno-economic analysis; Weibull distributions; wind turbine	None	None
None	None	Development and performance testing of solar cookers	Kimambo C.Z.M.	2007	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	18	3	None	Department of Energy, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Kimambo, C.Z.M., Department of Energy, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	The most common type of energy used is firewood. In some Sub Saharan countries, up to 90% of total energy use is from firewood. The consumption of wood fuel is in some countries as high as twice the sustainable yield, something that has led to environmental degradation due to deforestation and scarcity of firewood. The use of fossil fuels such as kerosene and LPG for cooking is expensive. Solar energy is a non-consumptive and non-polluting fuel. It can help alleviate the problem of insecurity of cooking energy, which is the major domestic energy requirement. Several attempts have been made to introduce solar cookers in different countries and have achieved variable successes. There are still critical issues yet to be resolved in order to make that technology acceptable for wider dissemination. They include getting the most appropriate types of solar cookers for specific locations, optimum size/capacity, types of materials to be used, optimal design and affordable cost. In an attempt to resolve these issues, a comprehensive study involving theoretical review, development work, experimental testing and evaluation of solar cookers was conducted for several years on six different types of solar cookers. The cookers are the 'SunStove' box cooker, wooden box cooker, panel cooker, reflector cooker with unpolished aluminium reflectors, reflector cooker with polished aluminium reflectors and reflector cooker with glass mirror reflectors. This paper presents the results of the study. Results obtained indicate that many of the cookers could be used to cook food for households in areas with medium and high insolation, with appropriate selection of the type and specification of the cookers. The specification should be based on the measured insolation data of the location indication of the direct and diffuse components. As a guiding tool, reflector cookers offer best comparative performance in areas with longest durations of clear sky (greatest direct beam), panel and collector cookers under moderate cloudy conditions and box cookers under very cloudy conditions.	Cooker; Evaluation; Performance; Solar; Tanzania; Test	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-20444503401	Asset life cycle management: Towards improving physical asset performance in the process industry	Schuman C.A., Brent A.C.	2005	International Journal of Operations and Production Management	25	6	10.1108/01443570510599728	Department of Engineering and Technology Management, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Schuman, C.A., Department of Engineering and Technology Management, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Brent, A.C., Department of Engineering and Technology Management, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Purpose - Asset management is often one of the last options to maximise cost savings in a competitive global economy due to its intrinsic complexity, especially in many developing countries. Asset management in the process industry must consider the commissioning, operational and end-of-life phases of physical assets when commencing a design and implementation project. However, current asset management models show inefficiencies in terms of addressing life cycle costs comprehensively, as well as other aspects of sustainable development. An asset life cycle management (ALCM) model is subsequently proposed for assets in the process industry, which integrates the concepts of generic project management frameworks and systems engineering with operational reliability in order to address these inefficiencies. Design/methodology/approach - Experiences within a large petrochemical company in South Africa are used as a case study to demonstrate and discuss the different components of the proposed ALCM model. Findings - Operational reliability and systems engineering are the means to achieve optimum value from physical assets over a facility's lifetime. Thereby, activities are identified that should be completed during each stage of the project life cycle. The application of performance measurements for the operation and support stages is proposed to influence decision making in the process industry. Originality/ value - Specific issues pertaining to the ALCM model are highlighted to ensure optimal practicality and incorporation of the model with other management practices in the process industry. © Emerald Group publishing Limited.	Assets; Assets management; Maintenance; Project management	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-18844458301	Integrating LCIA and LCM: Evaluating environmental performances for supply chain management in South Africa	Brent A.C.	2005	Management of Environmental Quality	16	2	10.1108/14777830510583146	Department of Engineering and Technology Management, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Brent, A.C., Department of Engineering and Technology Management, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Purpose - Evaluations of environmental performances are of increasing importance for environmental management systems. In the automotive sector of South Africa, suppliers of components lack the ability to provide customers in the value chain with the necessary information to assess and compare environmental performances. Original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) in South Africa have systematically commenced to obtain limited process information from first-tier suppliers. However, the information is not an accurate reflection of the true environmental burdens associated with the supplied components. Based on the available process information, this paper introduces a performance evaluation methodology that is applicable for South Africa. Design/methodology/ approach - The LCA methodology, as stipulated by ISO 14040, has been applied to obtain quantified environmental performance resource impact indicators (EPRIIs) associated with limited process parameters in the South African context. Three first-tier suppliers of an OEM are used as a case study to demonstrate the application of the indicator methodology. Findings - The EPRII procedure considers the spatially differentiated ambient environmental state of the South African natural environment for normalisation factors of typical LCIA categories. The procedure further incorporates costs in order to compare supplied components (and companies) equally. Originality/value - The EPRII procedure provides the means for OEMs to obtain a first approximate of environmental concerns in the supply chain, based on three basic process parameters. Thereby, tiers can be prioritised to determine where assistance is required to improve environmental performances. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Automotive industry; Environmental management; Life cycle costs; South Africa; Supply chain management	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901476200	Liminality space in-between: A feminist evaluation of primordial and modern polarities of the woman's journey in the Nigerian novel	Alkali M., Talif R., Yahya W.R.W., Jan J.M.	2014	3L: Language, Linguistics, Literature	20	1	None	Department of English, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Nigeria; Department of English, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia; Department of English, University of Malaya, Malaysia	Alkali, M., Department of English, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Nigeria; Talif, R., Department of English, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia; Yahya, W.R.W., Department of English, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia; Jan, J.M., Department of English, University of Malaya, Malaysia	The option offered by the modern polarity feminist is not with the intent of sounding like magic, but it largely guarantees the disheartened opposite sex to get pretty impressive results with minimal intervention, resulting in relationship satisfaction, intimacy, love, passion, commitment, and trust. In fact, it can boast of decline in marital dissatisfaction as entirely eliminated, although there could be exceptions. This nego-feminist framework is heard throughout the paper interrogating primordialism on womanhood in Nigerian novels into those with opposition motifs to modern streaks which guarantee lively-partnership. The evaluation shows that women generally can reap maximally from the nego-feminist frame.	Feminism; Nego-feminism; Negotiation; Nigerian novel; Nigerian woman	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77951657673	Women, power and subversion in orature: A palace performance in Yorubaland, Nigeria	Jegede O.B.	2006	Journal of Gender Studies	15	3	10.1080/09589230600862000	Department of English, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Jegede, O.B., Department of English, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	It is our contention in this paper that though royal wives in Oyo-Yorùbá community are invisible in some social, political and religious lives of their people, they are visible in the sphere of poetic creation. We opine that Yorùbá kings are powerful in most spheres, but in orature, the power of women in general, and royal wives in particular, cannot be underestimated. Through the examples of 'yùngbà' and 'igbátítí', two poetic spheres created by tradition for royal wives from Oyo-Yorùbá community, this paper argues that royal wives reposition themselves as channels of poetic utterance. They use poetry to redefine their position as wives and women, reassert themselves and subvert unwanted values. In particular, they use their creative power as a weapon for subverting male-constructed structures and views in society. In exercising their creative power, the women use their power to speak, to perform and to decide the course of action. In conclusion, we state that contemporary women writers also enhance the efforts of women in orature. In this regard, the paper refers to Emecheta's novels that condemn the economic, sexual and social exploitation of women. Like the royal wives, Emecheta creates protagonists who use their intellectual power to decide on issues that concern them. © 2006 Taylor & Francis.	Gender relations; Kingship; Power; Subversion; Visibility; Women	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77649134931	Zimbabwean urban grooves and their subversive performance practices	Manase I.	2009	Social Dynamics	35	1	10.1080/02533950802666923	Department of English, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa	Manase, I., Department of English, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa	This paper examines the role played by popular culture in response to the effects of the unfolding social and political repression on the ordinary Zimbabwean after 2000. The arts is one sector where the Zimbabwean government fostered its repressive hegemony. An urban youth music genre called 'urban grooves' rose to prominence during the period under focus here and some of the artists colluded with the government in propagating an anti-Western imperialism campaign. This paper evaluates the nature of the genre's performance practices and its role in the government's anti-Western imperialism campaign. It also discusses the complexities associated with notions of complicity and resistance as urban grooves artists resisted both Western hegemony, as per the government's campaign, and subverted the same government's censorship of the urban youth's and the general society's imaginary and other freedoms.	Anti-western cultural imperialism; Complicity; Popular culture; Subversion; Zimbabwean urban grooves	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907289436	Impact of customer-supplier relationships and facilitation of credit on development of Micro Enterprises in KZN rural areas	Sepeame I.J., de Beer M.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	20	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p819	Department of Entrepreneurial Studies and Management, Durban University of Technology, Durban, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa	Sepeame, I.J., Department of Entrepreneurial Studies and Management, Durban University of Technology, Durban, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa; de Beer, M., Department of Entrepreneurial Studies and Management, Durban University of Technology, Durban, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa	The aim of the research is to identify the impact of customer-supplier relationships in terms of facilitation of credit, on the development of Micro Enterprises in the Sobonakhona Makhanya Tribal Area. Micro enterprises in three rural villages-Adams Mission, Madundube, and Umbumbulu were identified as the target population. Three research assistants using a convenient sampling method selected the research respondents. This is a qualitative study, which entailed an empirical research by means of a questionnaire as a measuring instrument. It was found that the nature of the relationship between the suppliers and institutions and Micro Enterprises influenced their accessibility to credit facilities. Most were rejected credit while some did not apply because they assumed that their application would be rejected. It was found, however, that those that applied to wholesalers for credit were successful. The rejections of the respondents’ applications were mostly based on their inability to provide sufficient collateral and business plans. Most importantly, those respondents that did obtain credit, experienced positive changes as a result of their increased facilities. © MCSER-Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research.	Credit facilities; Customer-supplier; Development; Micro Enterprises; Relationships	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892547658	Assessing the impact of support structures and initiatives to youth entrepreneurship development in a selected township in the Western Cape province of South Africa	Gwija S.A., Eresia-Eke C., Iwu C.G.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	1	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n1p61	Department of Entrepreneurship and Business Management, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa; Department of Business Management, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Gwija, S.A., Department of Entrepreneurship and Business Management, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa; Eresia-Eke, C., Department of Business Management, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Iwu, C.G., Department of Entrepreneurship and Business Management, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa	This study sought to determine the role of government support structures and initiatives in the development of youth entrepreneurship in Khayelitsha, in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. The data was collected by way of questionnaires, whereby 132 participants were randomly drawn from the population of 200 youth entrepreneurs who were registered on the database of a local organisation for youth entrepreneurs in Khayelitsha. According the findings, there was no evidence to show that government support structures/initiatives were contributing in the development of youth entrepreneurship in this township. Recommendations to improve the current standard of youth entrepreneurship in the research setting were made. This paper provides an insight into the role of youth entrepreneurship support structures and initiatives in Khayelitsha, particularly to stakeholders such as government structures, which seek to advance youth entrepreneurship in Khayelitsha and others townships, in Western Cape.	Khayelitsha; South Africa; Support structures and initiatives; Western Cape; Youth development; Youth entrepreneurship	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84911449292	Evaluation of a low-tech method, pepper–grease, for combatting elephant crop-raiding activities in Kakum Conservation Area, Ghana	Wiafe E.D., Sam M.K.	2014	Pachyderm	55	None	None	Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, Presbyterian University College, PO Box 393, Akropong, Akuapem, Ghana; Wildlife Division of Forestry Commission, Western Regional Office, Takoradi, Ghana	Wiafe, E.D., Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, Presbyterian University College, PO Box 393, Akropong, Akuapem, Ghana; Sam, M.K., Wildlife Division of Forestry Commission, Western Regional Office, Takoradi, Ghana	Alow-tech method for preventing elephants from destroying farms around Kakum Conservation Area in Ghana was assessed to evaluate its efficacy in warding off marauding elephants. Sixty fenced and 60 unfenced farms located at the peripheries of the protected area were selected and each inspected regularly for 12 months. One hundred twenty farmers were interviewed on the use of the pepper–grease fence to determine their level of knowledge of the efficacy of the method. In 75% of the fenced farms, elephants came close to the fence but never crossed it; they never visited 20% of these farms and only 5% attempted to break through or enter. Of the farms that were not fenced at all, elephants raided 75% completely. Most of the respondents (76.7%) had good knowledge of the pepper fence. Their major sources of information were the staff of the Wildlife Division and agricultural extension agents (54.5%); 31.1% had heard about it from other farmers. Only 14.4% got their knowledge from observing other farmers. In practice, 26.7% said they used it effectively, 22.2% partially, and 51.1% did not practise the method at all. Cost and difficulty of acquiring materials were the main issues affecting lack of adoption. The results support the recommendation that government and non-governmental agencies supply inputs to farmers consistently. © 2014, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. All rights reserved.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84928012852	Students want HIV testing in schools a formative evaluation of the acceptability of HIV testing and counselling at schools in Gauteng and North West provinces in South Africa	Madiba S., Mokgatle M.	2015	BMC Public Health	15	1	10.1186/s12889-015-1746-x	Department of Environmental and Occupational Heath, School of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa	Madiba, S., Department of Environmental and Occupational Heath, School of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa; Mokgatle, M., Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa	Background: The proposal by the South African Health Ministry to implement HIV testing and counselling (HTC) at schools in 2011 generated debates about the appropriateness of such testing. However, the debate has been between the Ministries of Education and Health, with little considerations of the students. The main aim of the study was to assess the students' opinions and uptake of HIV testing and counselling in general, and the acceptability of the provision of HIV testing and counselling in schools. The study also determined the association between socio-demographic characteristics, sexual behaviour, and HIV testing behaviour of the students. Methods: A survey was conducted among grade 10-12 high school students in North West and Gauteng provinces, South Africa. Seventeen high schools (nine rural and eight urban) were randomly selected for the administration of a researcher-assisted, self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire. Results: A total of 2970 students aged 14-27 years participated in the study; 1632 (55%) were girls, 1810 (61%) ever had sex, and 1271 (49.8%) had more than one sex partner. The mean age of first sexual activity was 15.6. Half (n∈=∈1494, 50.1%) had been tested for HIV. Having multiple sexual partners, age, and gender were significantly associated with increased odds of having had a HIV test. Fear, being un-informed about HTC, and low HIV risk perceptions were the reasons for not getting tested. The acceptability of HTC at school was high (n∈=∈2282, 76.9%) and 2129 (71.8%) were willing to be tested at school. Appropriateness, privacy, and secrecy were the main arguments for and against HTC at school. One-third (n∈=∈860, 29%) had intentions to disclose their HIV status to students versus 1258 (42.5%) for teachers. Stigma, discrimination and secrecy were the primary reasons students did not intend to disclose. Conclusions: A high acceptability of HTC and willingness to be tested at school suggest that HIV prevention programs tailored to youth have a high potential of success given the readiness of students to uptake HTC. Bringing HIV testing to the school setting will increase the uptake of HTC among youth and contribute towards efforts to scale up HTC in South Africa. © 2015 Madiba and Mokgatle; licensee BioMed Central.	Acceptability of HTC at school; Disclosure; HIV status; Sexual behaviour; South Africa; Stigma and discrimination; Students; Uptake of HTC	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84905679414	Microbial impacts of brewery effluent discharge on sissa river: A case study of Kaase in Kumasi, Ghana	Gyasi S.F., Appiah-Effah E., Nkansah A.	2014	Research Journal of Microbiology	9	5	10.3923/jm.2014.239.245	Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Energy and Natural Resource, Sunyani, Ghana; Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Gyasi, S.F., Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Energy and Natural Resource, Sunyani, Ghana; Appiah-Effah, E., Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Nkansah, A., Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Energy and Natural Resource, Sunyani, Ghana	Industries are major sources of pollution in all environments. Based on the type of industry, various kinds of pollutants can be discharged directly or indirectly into the environment. In this study, effluent discharge from brewery were collected and compared with values recorded for its receiving stream. Parameters investigated included Total Suspended Solids (TDS), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), total ammonia, nitrates and phosphates. ANOVA and Dunnet's Multiple Test were used for the analyses of these parameters. Besides, microbial parameters in the form of total/faecal coliform, total viable count, faecal enterococci, E. coli and Salmonella, were sampled and analysed using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method. With the exception of the pH, all the parameters measured from the brewery effluent site as well as in the river indicated higher levels than those permitted by the GSA and WHO. The study revealed that effluent from the waste treatment plant from the brewery was technically efficient with respect to most of the physicochemical parameters. This could, however, not be said for their microbial counterpart as levels of biological indicators of pollution all exceed the WHO and GEPA recommendations. It is, therefore, being recommended that the brewery authorities as well as the EPA of Ghana must ensure that the brewery effluents meet quality standards. This action is urgently warranted as high level pollution of the industrial effluents cause's environmental problems which will affect plant, animal and human life. © 2014 Academic Journals Inc.	Brewery; Discharge; Kumasi; Microbial; Pollution; Sissa river	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84930023183	Evaluation of toxicity potential of process water using fish acute toxicity and micronucleus tests	Olorunfemi D.I., Olomukoro J.O., Anani O.A.	2015	Studia Universitatis Vasile Goldis Arad, Seria Stiintele Vietii	25	1	None	Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Life Sciences University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Life Sciences University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria	Olorunfemi, D.I., Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Life Sciences University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Olomukoro, J.O., Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Life Sciences University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Anani, O.A., Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Life Sciences University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria	In this study, the potential toxicity of process wastewater from oil and gas exploration in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria was investigated on Clarias gariepinus juveniles using a renewable static bioassay with continuous aeration to determine its acute toxicity. Physicochemical analysis of the wastewater showed that it characterised by a foul odour, was slightly alkaline (pH 7.72) and had high values of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and conductivity (100.20 mg/L and 2793.33 μS/cm) respectively. Lead, chromium and nickel were present at amounts above national (FEPA, NESREA) and international (USEPA) set limits for effluent discharge. The LC<inf>50</inf> value obtained for the fish juveniles exposed to various concentrations of the wastewater for 96 hrs under laboratory conditions was 4.45 ml/L with lower and upper limits being 4.11 ml/L and 7.847 ml/L respectively. Toxicosis symptoms observed includes loss of balance, respiratory distress, vertical and erratic movement and death. The fishes were exposed to 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, and 10 ml/L (v/v; wastewater/tap water) for 28 days to evaluate the genotoxic effect of the wastewater using the micronucleus test on peripheral blood erythrocytes. The process wastewater induced significant (p<0.05) concentration-dependent increase in micronuclei, binucleated, notched nuclei and immature erythrocytes in C. gariepinus which were considered as cytogenetic damage indicators. Results of this study showed that the tested wastewater was a potential cyto-genotoxic agent and could induce adverse health effects in exposed individuals. © 2015 Vasile Goldis University Press.	Acute toxicity; Clarias gariepinus; Micronucleus; Niger delta; Process water	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84920508345	Design and evaluation of time and pH dependent delivery systems of lercanidipine hydrochloride for chronomodulated therapy	Olorunfemi D.I., Okieimen E.A., Ovwemuvwose J.	2014	Studia Universitatis Vasile Goldis Arad, Seria Stiintele Vietii	24	3	None	Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Benin University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria	Olorunfemi, D.I., Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Okieimen, E.A., Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Benin University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Ovwemuvwose, J., Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Benin University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria	The present work deals with the development and characterization of lercanidipine hydrochloride pulsatile drug delivery system for chronomodulated therapy for improvement in therapeutic index and efficacy. The lercanidipine hydrochloride chitosan microspheres were prepared by emulsion cross linking method by varying drug to polymer ratio and evaluated for the particle size, drug content and in vitro release profiles. Optimised formulations were selected and enteric coated with Eudragit S-100 and Eudragit L-100. The two enteric coated formulations were selected for further fabrication of pulsatile capsule. Different hydrogel polymers were used as plugs, to maintain a suitable lag period. The entire device was enteric coated with cellulose acetate phthalate, so that colon-specific release can be achieved In vitro release studies of pulsatile device revealed that, increasing the hydrophilic polymer content resulted in delayed release of lercanidipine Hcl from microcapsules. The microspheres remained stable during the stability period without any significant changes in their physico-chemical properties. © 2014 Vasile Goldis University Press.	Chitosan microspheres; In-vitro characterization; Lercanidipine Hcl; PH dependent	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949445102	Toxicological evaluation of drinking water sources in some rural communities in southern nigeria after mycofiltration treatment	Olorunfemi D., Efechuku U., Esuana J.	2015	Polish Journal of Environmental Studies	24	3	10.15244/pjoes/34672	Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Environmental Science Unit, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Department of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria	Olorunfemi, D., Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Efechuku, U., Environmental Science Unit, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Esuana, J., Department of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria	Available domestic water in many communities in Nigeria is increasingly polluted on a daily basis. A major issue of national interest is how these polluted drinking water sources could be fully assessed and mitigated. In this study, mycofiltrated domestic water samples obtained from hand-dug wells and boreholes in six rural communities in Ughelli South Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria were evaluated for potential cyto-genotoxicity using the Allium cepa bioassay. Data obtained from physicochemical analysis after a 24- hour mycofiltration treatment of the water samples revealed significant (p < 0.05) reduction/total elimination of heavy metals and microbial load in the samples. Results obtained from the 96-hour macroscopic evaluation of A. cepa showed that compared to onions grown in untreated samples, significant (p < 0.05) reduction in root growth inhibition occurred in bulbs cultivated in mycofiltrated samples. Root tips of A. cepa processed for cytological studies by the aceto-orcein squash technique after exposure to the water samples for 48 hours also showed significant (p < 0.05) reduction in chromosomal aberrations in onion bulbs grown in mycofiltrated samples. These findings show that mycofiltration technique is an efficient and affordable technology for toxicity reduction in drinking water sources available for rural dwellers in developing countries. © 2015, Pol. J. Environ. Stud. All Rights Reserved.	Allium cepa assay; Domestic water; Microbial Load; Mycofiltration; Physicochemical analysis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-76549128107	Oil spill incidents and pipeline vandalization in Nigeria: Impact on public health and negation to attainment of Millennium development goal: The Ishiagu example	Aroh K.N., Ubong I.U., Eze C.L., Harry I.M., Umo-Otong J.C., Gobo A.E.	2010	Disaster Prevention and Management	19	1	10.1108/09653561011022153	Department of Environmental Management, Institute of Geosciences and Space Technology (IGST), Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Institute of Pollution Studies, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Por	Aroh, K.N., Department of Environmental Management, Institute of Geosciences and Space Technology (IGST), Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Ubong, I.U., Institute of Pollution Studies, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Eze, C.L., Rivers State Environmental Sanitation Authority (Port Harcourt), Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Harry, I.M., Rivers State Environmental Sanitation Authority (Port Harcourt), Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Umo-Otong, J.C., Environmental and Human Health Research Association, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Gobo, A.E., Department of Environmental Management, Institute of Geosciences and Space Technology (IGST), Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to review oil spill incidents and pipeline vandalism in Nigeria between 1970 and 2006 and to examine the potential danger posed by such activities to public health. Design/methodology/approach - The approach adopted to achieve this objective is questionnaire administration on health impacts. Also secondary sources of information come from textbooks and journals. However, data from natural resources exploitation and hazards are collated and analyzed. Findings - It is evident that, out of the 1,000 reported oil spill incidents analyzed, some hundreds of thousands of barrels of oil are lost to the environment. Graphic pictures of typical oil spill through acts of vandalism in Ishiagu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria are analyzed and reviewed. The run-off and sedimentation of this pollutant in fresh water systems severely degrade water quality, affect fish spawning and aquatic invertebrates' habitats, thus lowering food web productivity. Incidentally the spill-over effect on humans who directly depend on fish and other aquatic food as an alternative protein supplement is quite inundating. The effects on humans include irritation, dermatitis, cancer, occurrence of abortion, organ failure and genetic disorder. Research limitations/implications - The limitations encountered in this research work include logistics problems, poor response and uncooperative attitude from respondents, transportation difficulties and restricted access to impacted sites by law enforcement agents and funding. Therefore subsequent researchers in this area should be equipped adequately with both the necessary protective gadgets and increased funding to meet challenges of this nature. Practical implications - The practical implication of the study is that oil spill incidents should be documented and reported early enough for prompt attention by the regulatory agencies in order to protect and enhance the quality of the environment. Originality/value - The value of the paper is that oil spill and pipeline vandalization devastate the environment, pollute dependable potable water sources such as streams and rivers and should be seen as a serious threat and negation to the attainment of the United Nations Millennium development goals. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Personal health; Pipelines; Vandalism	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70349619389	Impact of abattoir wastes based on some physicochemical parameters on Woji Creek, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Emeka U.J., Braide S.A., Chindah A.C.	2009	Management of Environmental Quality	20	5	10.1108/14777830910981249	Department of Environmental Management, Institute of Geosciences and Space Technology, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, Nigeria; Institute of Pollution Studies, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P	Emeka, U.J., Department of Environmental Management, Institute of Geosciences and Space Technology, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, Nigeria; Braide, S.A., Institute of Pollution Studies, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, Nigeria; Chindah, A.C., Institute of Pollution Studies, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, Nigeria	Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the environmental and health impacts of abattoir wastes due to unhygienic disposal methods and inadequate slaughtering facilities as it affects some physicochemical and bacteriological parameters of Woji Creek and its environs. Design/methodology/approach - The study involved the choice of five sampling stations for two different seasons: wet and dry. Standard methods were adopted for field and laboratory studies. Findings - Water samples from station 2 (discharge point station) showed higher concentrations of turbidity, phosphate, biochemical oxygen demand, faecal coliform count for both dry and wet seasons, while dissolved oxygen values were lower at this station than in the other study stations. Water samples were slightly acidic (6.49-6.70) for the five stations sampled during the study period. At the upstream station, the water had lower levels of turbidity, temperature, phosphate, nitrate, biochemical oxygen demand, faecal coliform count, but the values increased downstream after the discharge point station showing the impact of the abattoir effluents. The results further revealed seasonal influence on the parameters with higher values recorded during the dry season for conductivity, salinity, turbidity, phosphate, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, faecal coliform counts, temperature, total dissolved solids. This is because during the wet season the increased volume of water apparently diluted the concentration of abattoir wastes. Practical implications - The work was carried out in order to establish the existing levels of the measured parameters and assess the pollution profile of the Creek as a result of abattoir operations. Originality/value - This is the first time a holistic research has been conducted on Woji Creek. The paper has provided data and knowledge on which further research can be carried out to monitor changes in water quality caused by the activities of the abattoir operators. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Abattoirs; Nigeria; River pollution; Wastes	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84861839504	Impact of adverse events of antiretroviral treatment on regimen change and mortality in ugandan children	Malangu N., Karamagi Y.	2010	African Journal of Primary Health Care and Family Medicine	2	1	10.4102/phcfm.v2i1.109	Department of Epidemiology, University of Limpopo, South Africa	Malangu, N., Department of Epidemiology, University of Limpopo, South Africa; Karamagi, Y., Department of Epidemiology, University of Limpopo, South Africa	Background: Outcomes of antiretroviral treatment have been documented in both developed and developing countries. It has been reported consistently that the treatment is associated with many adverse events. However, little is known about their impact on the quality of life, clinical management, and survival in children aged less than 6 years in Uganda. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of the adverse events of antiretroviral treatment, their impact on mortality and the change in regimens prescribed to children treated at Mildway Centre in Uganda. Method: A retrospective chart review was performed for children younger than 6 years, treated since the Mildway Centre was opened in 1999. In order to achieve a larger sample, the records of children treated from January 2000 to July 2005 were included in the study. A pre-tested data collection form was used to collate socio-demographic and clinical data of the patients. These included the documented adverse events, causes of death, stage of infection, duration of treatment, regimen prescribed, year of enrolment into the treatment program, as well as whether or not they were still alive. Descriptive statistics were used in the analysis of data. Results: Of the 179 children, the majority were males and had a median age of 4 years. The majority (58.8%) of children had suffered from severe immune depression since they met the WHO clinical stage III and IV, 73.8% had a baseline CD4T of less than 15%. Four regimens were prescribed to the children. The most common was a regimen containing zidovudine, lamivudine, and nevirapine (34.6%), followed by a regimen containing stavudine, lamivudine, and nevirapine (27.9%). Eleven children (6.1%) had their regimen changed, of which six (54.5%) were due to adverse events. The prevalence of adverse events was 8%; of the 14 documented adverse events, the most common were severe anaemia (3), vomiting (3), and skin rashes (3). After 12 months on treatment, 8% of the patients had died. The most common causes of death were infectious diseases (28.6%), severe anaemia (21.4%), and severe dehydration (21.4%). Conclusion: The prevalence of adverse events was 8%; they were responsible for 54.5% of regimen changes and 21.4% of deaths in children treated at the study site. These findings suggest the need for incorporating pharmacovigilance practices into the provision of antiretroviral treatment. © 2010. The Authors.	Adverse; Antiretroviral; Children; Events; Treatment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939630358	Enhancing growth performance of Chromolaena odorata in two soil samples by using cow manure as amendment	Anyasi R., Atagana H.	2014	Pakistan Journal of Botany	46	5	None	Department of Environmental Science, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa; Institute for Science and Technology Education, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa	Anyasi, R., Department of Environmental Science, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa; Atagana, H., Institute for Science and Technology Education, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa	A greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the effect of cow manure on the growth of Chromolaena odorata propagated for the purpose of phytoremediation of organic contaminant in soil. Cow manure was mixed separately with two soil types: clay soil and sandy-loam soils in a ratio of 9:1 (soil:manure) and put into 2 L PVC pots, the homogenized soil types were measured into 2 L PVC planting pots. Selected sprouting stem cuttings of Chromolaena odorata were transplanted into the pots containing the soil-manure mixture. Nutrient status of the soil was monitored weekly through the period of experimentation and the growth of the plants and biomass accumulation were measured. Control experiment was set up with manure. Survival of plants after transplanting was highest for cuttings transplanting after 3 weeks (95%) and 5 weeks (50%) of sprouting in the nursery. Profuse growth of plants in the both amended soil types were observed when compared with the control. Biomass accumulation was significantly higher in amended soils compared to the control. This study has shown that organic manure amendment to both soil types can enhance the growth and biomass accumulation of Chromolaena odorata. This is a good indication that the amendment could be beneficial in soil phytoremediation studies involving C. odorata. © 2014, Pakistan Botanical Society. All rights reserved.	Chromolaena odorata; Growth enhancement; Growth performances; Soil	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84859998523	Performance and loading of domestic wastewater treatment plants receiving aquaculture processing effluent	Govere S., Mahlatini P., Ndabaningi A.	2011	International Journal of Engineering and Technology	3	5	None	Department of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe; Batsirai Group, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe	Govere, S., Department of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe; Mahlatini, P., Department of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe; Ndabaningi, A., Batsirai Group, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe	This study dealt with the loading and performance of a domestic wastewater treatment plant when receiving combined influent from an aquaculture processing factory and an urban settlement in Kariba town, Zimbabwe. The methodological framework was a case study approach involving a local aquaculture factory and two treatment plants. In the study effluent from Nyamhunga treatment plant, which receives both domestic and aquaculture effluent, acted as the treatment. Effluent from a similarsized plant, Mahombekombe treatment plant, which only receives domestic wastewater acted as the control. Influent and effluent samples from both plants were collected over a 6 months period. Effluent samples were also taken from the aquaculture factory. The samples were analyzed for Chloride, Total Nitrogen, Biological Oxygen Demand and Fats, Oils and Grease using standard laboratory techniques. Research findings show that Mahombekombe treatment plant was more efficient than Nyamhunga treatment plant. Nyamhunga treatment plant effluent registered significantly higher concentrations for all tested parameters compared to Mahombekombe treatment plant. Effluent from the aquaculture factory significantly increased the wastewater load received by Nyamhunga treatment plant, in both volume and composition. The findings of the study suggests that coupling treatment plants to aquaculture processing facilities might not be a good practise since the former increases the load and concentrations of wastewater significantly affecting performance.	Aquaculture processing; Domestic wastewater treatment plants	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84881534643	The impact of climatic change on nigerian landcover during the el-nino southern oscillations (ENSO), event of 1997 to 1998	Yelwa S.A., Dangulla M.	2013	Research Journal of Applied Sciences	8	1	10.3923/rjasci.2013.33.41	Department of Environmental Sciences, Federal University, P.M.B. 7156, Dutse Jigawa State, Nigeria; Department of Geography, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria	Yelwa, S.A., Department of Environmental Sciences, Federal University, P.M.B. 7156, Dutse Jigawa State, Nigeria; Dangulla, M., Department of Geography, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria	Seventytwo dekadal NDVI dataset derived from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer-Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (AVHRR-NDVI) on board the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration-National Aeronautics Space Administration (NOAA-NASA) meteorological satellites were recomposed into a 24 time-series monthly Maximum Value Composite (MVC) images covering the El-Nino Southern Oscillations (ENSO) event of 1997 to 1998 and analysed within a Geographical Information System (GIS) environment using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with the standardised principal components and supplemented with coefficient of variation derived images. The purpose is to assess the impact of such event on landcover across Nigeria and in particular, vegetation patterns across the country. Results from this analysis produced 24 standardised principal component imageries with another corresponding 24 individual loading scores presented in graphs. Others include inter-seasonal coefficient of variation change images for 1997 and 1998 as well as an annual mean NDVI image of the total 24 time-series dataset; temporal profiles of sites observed with distinct changes and a coefficient of variation graph through the monthly time-series were presented. The resultant component one image shows an overall 96.5% of the variation in the total time-series dataset while the succeeding imageries illustrated change elements in the order of the component loadings (which are weighted). In comparison with the mean imagery of the total 24 time-series dataset, the first component image showed a considerable similarity indicating a typical characteristic of landcover (particularly vegetation NDVI) pattern over the whole country during the 1997 to 1998 ENSO event with positive and negative anomalies in certain locations across some states but more distinct in locations around the Kainji and Lake Chad basins, Niger delta area, Bayelsa, Lagos, Taraba, Plateau, Jigawa, Katsina, Sokoto, Zamfara Adamawa, Yobe and Bomo states. Thus, results from this study highlighted specific locations across the country with anomalies of climatic impact as a result of the 1997 to 1998 ENSO event. © Medwell Journals, 2013.	AVHRR-NDVI; Climatic impact; ENSO; Environment; NOAA; PCA; Sea surface temperature	None	None
None	None	Current performance of food safety management systems of dairy processing companies in Tanzania	Kussaga J.B., Luning P.A., Tiisekwa B.P.M., Jacxsens L.	2015	International Journal of Dairy Technology	68	2	10.1111/1471-0307.12183	Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3006, Morogoro, Tanzania; Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Laboratory of Food Preservation and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, University of Ghent, Coupure Links, 653, Ghent, Belgium; Food Quality and Design Group, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8129, Wageningen, Netherlands	Kussaga, J.B., Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3006, Morogoro, Tanzania, Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Laboratory of Food Preservation and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, University of Ghent, Coupure Links, 653, Ghent, Belgium; Luning, P.A., Food Quality and Design Group, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8129, Wageningen, Netherlands; Tiisekwa, B.P.M., Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3006, Morogoro, Tanzania; Jacxsens, L., Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Laboratory of Food Preservation and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, University of Ghent, Coupure Links, 653, Ghent, Belgium	A food safety management system (FSMS)-diagnostic instrument was applied in 22 dairy processing companies to analyse the set-up and operation of core control and assurance activities in view of the risk characteristics of the systems' context. Three clusters of companies were identified differing in levels of set-up and operation of this FSMS and system outputs, but all operated in a similar moderate-risk context. Microbiological assessment of products, environmental and hand samples indicated a poor to moderate food safety level. A two stage intervention approach has been proposed to enable commitment and sustainable improvement for the longer term. © 2014 Society of Dairy Technology.	Food safety; Food safety management system; Intervention measures; Microbiological performance; Tanzania dairy industry	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892772646	Performance assessment of partnership estate surveying and valuation firms in Lagos State, Nigeria	Clement O.O., Clement I.K., Joseph O.B.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	13	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n13p489	Department of Estate Management, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; School of Construction Economics and Management, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Braamfontein, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Department of Estate Management, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria	Clement, O.O., Department of Estate Management, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Clement, I.K., School of Construction Economics and Management, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Braamfontein, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Joseph, O.B., Department of Estate Management, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria	This study advances the understanding of the relationship between firm size and performance on partnership formation and sustainability in the profession of Estate Surveying and Valuation in Nigeria. It has been argued in different literatures that size is positively related to performance for some categories of firms but negatively related in some other cases. This study examines the opinion of both the sellers and buyers of real estate services on the subject. Questionnaires were administered to 68 respondents selected from sole proprietorship estate firms, partnership estate firms and commercial banks in Lagos Metropolis. Data were presented and analysed with frequency tables, percentages, 4-point Likert scale and relative importance index. Findings reveal that the performance assessment criteria used by the sellers differ from those engaged by the buyers and that partnership estate firms record better performance from both side. It was further revealed that the overall performance assessment score partnership better than sole proprietorship estate firms. It is therefore concluded that performance could not have been a factor militating against partnership formation and sustainability in Estate Surveying and Valuation in Nigeria. The study suggest that prospective partners and the Nigeria Institution of Estate Surveyors and Valuers should come up with ethics and code of practice particular to partnership whereby erring partners face disciplinary action at the institution and compelled to compensate the other partner(s) and the firm by forfeiting certain benefits.	Estate valuers; Firm size; Partnership; Performance; Sustainability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84960323743	Impact of borrower’s attributes on mortgage default: Evidence from Nigerian lending market	Oyedokun T.B., Adewusi A.O., Bello M.O.	2015	Pacific Rim Property Research Journal	21	3	10.1080/14445921.2016.1140713	Department of Estate Management, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria	Oyedokun, T.B., Department of Estate Management, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Adewusi, A.O., Department of Estate Management, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Bello, M.O., Department of Estate Management, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria	The need for proper identification of mortgage default factors has become a major focus of mortgage researches given the debilitating effect of default on mortgage market and real estate finance in particular. This paper therefore analyses the socioeconomic attributes of borrowers as default triggers in residential mortgages of Primary Mortgage Institutions (PMIs) in Nigeria. Relevant data were collected on profiles of 305 borrowers randomly drawn from the credit databank of 36 PMIs. Using logistic regression (LR), payment-to-income ratio, type and sex of borrowers are found as significant mortgage default factors. With 68.2% overall prediction accuracy, LR is found appropriate for mortgage default prediction. However, the findings of this study also signal the complexity that is inherent employing socioeconomic factors for default probability prediction. © 2016 Pacific Rim Real Estate Society.	Borrower; Default; Mortgage; Payment-to-income; PMIs	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84917726730	Impact of density on highest and best use of residential lands in metropolitan lagos	Adebayo M.A., Ogunleye M.B.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	27	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n27p1698	Department of Estate Management, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria	Adebayo, M.A., Department of Estate Management, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Ogunleye, M.B., Department of Estate Management, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria	The aim of this study is to examine the impact of density on the highest and best use (HBU) of residential estate lands in metropolitan Lagos. The lists of estates (sampling frame) was arranged into three strata of low, medium, and high density of which one estate is purposively chosen from each stratum.The sampled estates are Ikeja GRA (low density), Ajao Estate, Isolo (medium density), and Oyadiran Estate, Yaba (high density). A total of 808 questionnaires were administered on the landlords but 542 were returned and used for the study. The data collected were analysed with the Multiple Linear Regression Analysis and Analysis of Variance-ANOVA. The study showed that the factors determining HBU in low, medium, and high density estates are different but the strongest factor common to all is accommodation units. It is therefore, recommended that residential land developers should take note of the difference in the determining factors so as to achieve the highest and best use of their land resource. © 2014, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All right reserved.	Highest and best use; Housing estate; Lagos metropolis; Residential density	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84927556933	Performance and significance of UK-listed infrastructure in a mixed-asset portfolio	Oyedele J.B.	2014	Journal of European Real Estate Research	7	2	10.1108/JERER-08-2013-0015	Department of Estate Management, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Oyedele, J.B., Department of Estate Management, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Purpose – This paper aims to examine the performance of UK-listed infrastructure over a unique investment period covering the global financial crisis and investigates the significance of UK infrastructure in a multi-asset portfolio. The analysis reveals the level of correlation of UK infrastructure with other major assets classes and substantiates the potential diversification benefits of including UK infrastructure within a mixed-asset portfolio. Design/methodology/approach – The study uses monthly investment return indices obtained from Thomson Reuters DataStream over a ten-year period (2001-2010). The paper analyzed the UK-listed infrastructure investment return characteristics including average annual return, annual risk, Sharpe indices, mean variance portfolio and maximum return portfolio and computes the efficient portfolio frontiers using the risk-solver optimization tool. Findings – The performance results show that UK infrastructure produced better risk-return trade-offs than those of UK property, private equity, hedge funds and UK stocks over 2001-2010. Overall, for the ten-year period, UK Water was the best performing asset class, outperforming all other asset classes having the highest Sharpe ratio of 0.75. Practical implications – Using the monthly return indices over the ten-year period, UK-listed infrastructure investment was found to play a consistently significant role in the optimality of mixed-asset portfolios. However, the diversification benefits were more return enhancing than risk reducing, offering investors a platform for matching investment objectives with expectations resulting from a better understanding of the characteristics of UK-listed infrastructure investments. Originality/value – As investors seek better understanding of the performance of infrastructure across the globe, with most previous studies focusing on Australia, USA and China, the paper makes significant contribution to the body of knowledge by focusing on UK, a promising investment space for infrastructure industry. Also, given the debate surrounding the emergence of infrastructure as a separate asset class, the paper particularly projects the potential benefits of investing in UK-listed infrastructure, offering investors a distinctive platform to launch into a vibrant asset class. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Efficient frontiers; Portfolio diversification; UK-listed infrastructure	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79952308859	Post-occupancy evaluation of postgraduate hostel facilities	Adewunmi Y., Omirin M., Famuyiwa F., Farinloye O.	2011	Facilities	29	3	10.1108/02632771111109270	Department of Estate Management, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Building, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria	Adewunmi, Y., Department of Estate Management, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Omirin, M., Department of Estate Management, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Famuyiwa, F., Department of Estate Management, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Farinloye, O., Department of Building, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria	Purpose: This paper seeks to adopt an investigative approach to post-occupancy evaluation using major technical and functional criteria of performance on the facilities of a postgraduate hostel at the campus of the University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach: Data collection was based on a survey through self-administered questionnaires in which users of the building were asked to report on their perceptions and experience of the facility. The user satisfaction survey was developed based on the students' feedback on their experience with 29 identified performance criteria obtained from a review of the literature and an interview with a member of the university's hall management committee. Data at the organizational level were collected by personal interviews with the facilities manager and co-ordinator of hostels of the university. Findings: The user satisfaction survey identified areas of deficiency, particularly in maintenance, and facilitated the assessment of the overall performance of the building. Originality/value: This study demonstrates how universities in Nigeria can assess the management of hostel facilities by hostel administrators and facilities managers. Apart from the results of the user satisfaction survey being useful as evidence to access funds for the improvement of student hostel facilities, the feedback will be helpful in the design and management of new hostel facilities. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Buildings; Nigeria; Performance measurement; Universities	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893704374	Training and Farmers' Organizations' Performance	Miiro R.F., Matsiko F.B., Mazur R.E.	2014	Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension	20	1	10.1080/1389224X.2013.803987	Department of Extension and Innovations Studies, College of Agricultural and Environmental, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Sociology Department, Iowa State University, Iowa, United States	Miiro, R.F., Department of Extension and Innovations Studies, College of Agricultural and Environmental, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Matsiko, F.B., Department of Extension and Innovations Studies, College of Agricultural and Environmental, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Mazur, R.E., Sociology Department, Iowa State University, Iowa, United States	Purpose: This study sought to determine the influence of training transfer factors and actual application of training on organization level outcomes among farmer owned produce marketing organizations in Uganda. Design/methodology/approach: Interviews based on the Learning Transfer Systems Inventory (LTSI) were conducted with 120 PMO leaders trained in partnership management skills by a four year extension project. Data were collected on training transfer factors, transferred training, and training related organization level outcomes. Data were analyzed by OLS hierarchical regression analysis. Findings: The performance of the producer marketing organizations in terms of 'improved inter-organization relations' and 'improved services' was found to be significantly predicted by 'personal capacity to transfer,' 'receiving feedback,' and 'resource availability.' Practical implications: Rural service providers who build capacity of local organizations can use this knowledge to pursue certain strategic human level organizational outcomes by manipulating transfer system factors such as providing feedback and supportive resources to help trainees.Originality/value: The LTSI model has been tested for its role in explaining human level organizational outcomes in a developing country setting. We have also seen that specific training transfer system factors will be responsible for certain elements of the multidimensional outcomes of training. © 2013 Wageningen University.	Farmers' marketing organizations; Non-financial organizational outcomes; Transfer of training; Uganda	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84861890264	Evaluation of directly observed treatment for tuberculosis in the Bojanala health district, North West Province of South Africa	Tumbo J.M., Ogunbanjo G.A.	2011	African Journal of Primary Health Care and Family Medicine	3	1	10.4102/phcfm.v3i1.191	Department of Family Medicine and Primary Health Care, University of Limpopo, Medunsa campus, South Africa	Tumbo, J.M., Department of Family Medicine and Primary Health Care, University of Limpopo, Medunsa campus, South Africa; Ogunbanjo, G.A., Department of Family Medicine and Primary Health Care, University of Limpopo, Medunsa campus, South Africa	Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the top public health problems in South Africa. Approximately 150 000 new cases and 10 000 TB-related deaths are reported in South Africa annually. In declaring TB a global emergency in 1993, the World Health Organization developed control strategies that include active case finding, laboratory support, directly observed treatment (DOT), contact tracing, and prevention of multidrug- and extreme drugresistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB and XDR-TB). High DOT rates reported in some countries have been discordant with 'low cure' and 'high MDR' rates. Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of DOT for TB in the Bojanala health district, North West Province, South Africa, by estimating the proportion of DOT use (1) amongst all TB patients and (2) in the initial TB treatment regimen compared to retreatment regimens. Method: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in 2008. Data regarding implementation of DOT were collected from eight purposefully selected primary health care clinics and one prison clinic in the health district. Upon receiving their informed consent, a questionnaire was administered to patients receiving TB treatment at the selected facilities. Results: A total of 88 (of 90 selected) patients participated in the study, of whom 50 (56.8%) were on DOT and had DOT supporters. However, 35 (40%) had never heard of DOT. DOT was used mainly for patients on the retreatment regimen (87.5%), rather than for those on first-line treatment (48.6%). Conclusion: In this South African rural health district, the DOT utilisation rate for TB was 56.8%, mainly for patients on the TB retreatment regimen. Strict implementation of DOT in all patients undergoing TB treatment is a known strategy for improving TB cure rate and preventing recurrence and drug resistance. © 2011. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84926347432	Evaluation of clinical medicine in the final postgraduate examinations in family medicine	Dippenaar H., Steinberg W.J.	2008	South African Family Practice	50	1	None	Department of Family Medicine, University of the Free State, South Africa	Dippenaar, H., Department of Family Medicine, University of the Free State, South Africa; Steinberg, W.J., Department of Family Medicine, University of the Free State, South Africa	Background: The Family Medicine Department, University of the Free State (UFS) recently supervised the MFGP assessments of the College of Medicine in South Africa (first sitting), as well as the final assessment of the M Med Fam programme of the UFS (second sitting). The examinations, which took place in October and November 2006, were subjected to an internal quality assu- rance evaluation with the view to improve the standard and reliability of the examinations. Methods: All the candidates, as well as the examiners who participated in the MFGP and M Fam Med examinations, were included in the evaluation. Opinions were obtained from the students and examiners for each assessment on a structured data form directly after the examinations. A Smits blueprint was established for the written paper. Results: The majority of the students assessed the OSCE as being fair, understood the questions and agreed with the time allo- cated per question. A broad variety of competencies were assessed in a structured manner, which enhances the reliability of the examinations. The examiners evaluated the OSCE as being well structured and fair, as well as testing for the competencies of a family physician. Good agreement was achieved between the two different sets of candidates and examiners, and similar marks were achieved despite the separate settings, thus enhancing the validity of the examinations. The structured oral was evaluated as being fair regarding the variety and relevance of the questions by all the candidates and examiners. The written paper was on a relatively high cognitive level and tested a broad spectrum of knowledge. Although it did not cover the entire module, skills and approaches necessary for problem solving were tested. If a student could master these problems, he/she should be able to manage other areas not covered in the paper. Conclusion: The authors are of the opinion that the quality evaluation of clinical medicine in the final postgraduate examinations in Family Medicine held at UFS in 2006 showed it to be authentic, fair, reliable and objective, and that it assessed competencies for real-life situations, as well as the theoretical knowledge, attitudes and values required for a family practitioner. © 2015, Medpharm Publications. All rights reserved.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924283498	Mega-sporting events: The impact on host stock markets and investment prospects	Mohamed S., Oettlé T., Stewart S.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	12	2Continued2	None	Department of Finance and Tax, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa	Mohamed, S., Department of Finance and Tax, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa; Oettlé, T., Department of Finance and Tax, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa; Stewart, S., Department of Finance and Tax, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa	The success of mega-sporting events such as the Summer Olympics and the FIFA World Cup brings pride and a focus to their host nations. This paper aims to find the effects of the announcement and the actual event on the host stock market. It then recommends an investment strategy. The paper finds that the announcement of the Olympics and World Cup creates statistically significant abnormal returns and the actual sporting event has little effect on the stock market. By factoring size of the economy, it is found that smaller economies tend to have larger abnormal returns than bigger economies. We then provide recommendation on investment strategies in order to exploit the significant abnormal return on the day of the World Cup announcement. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Investment prospects; Mega-sporting events; Stock markets	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84909584895	The impact of the nationalisation threat on Zimbabwe’s economy	Makoni P.L.	2014	Corporate Ownership and Control	12	1 Continued 1	None	Department of Finance, Banking and Risk Management at the University of South Africa, UNISA, P.O. Box 392, South Africa	Makoni, P.L., Department of Finance, Banking and Risk Management at the University of South Africa, UNISA, P.O. Box 392, South Africa	The purpose of this study was to examine the likely impact that the proposed agenda of nationalisation of foreign-owned business in Zimbabwe, by implementing the Indigenisation and Economic Empowerment Act, would have on the economy in the country. Nationalisation of foreign-owned businesses comes on the back of the disastrous Fast-Track Land Reform Programme which had sought to give land to the black majority in the country. The results of the study show that foreign investors were shaken by the announcement of nationalisation of all foreign-owned firms, including banks and mines. Most foreign investors adopted a “wait and see” attitude since the nature of their investment was mainly resource-seeking FDI, and they could therefore not remove their fixed, immovable assets from the country. With the economy still trying to recover from earlier declines in economic activity, it is recommended that the Government revises the Indigenisation Act in order to ensure FDI inflows continue to be attracted into the country, in a bid to stabilise and further grow the economy. © Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Expropriation; FDI; Indigenisation; Nationalisation; Zimbabwe	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904965593	Impact of carbon emissions on total assets and operating costs: An analysis of the jse100 companies	Bimha A.	2014	Corporate Ownership and Control	11	0.16666666667	None	Department of Finance, Banking and Risk Management, University of South Africa, P O Box 392, UNISA, 0003, South Africa	Bimha, A., Department of Finance, Banking and Risk Management, University of South Africa, P O Box 392, UNISA, 0003, South Africa	There is a definite concern in the rise of carbon emissions globally from traditional methods of production (Stern, 2008; IPCC, 2007). More so it is now widely acclaimed that by adopting production processes that reduce carbon emissions to low levels, companies will succeed in reducing their operating costs (Dietz et al, 2009; Sims et al, 2003). There has been limited study in investigating how the present state of companies' carbon emissions output is related to their operating costs and total assets. Therefore the study intends to establish the level of interactions between the carbon emissions, total assets and the operating costs they report annually. A panel data analysis was done on these three variables using a sample of the top 100 Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) reporting companies in South Africa. The study utilized the data of companies that report their emissions to the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) annually and are the top 100 JSE Companies by market capitalization and categorized the CDP reporting companies into 7 industrials sectors. The 7 industrial sectors are Consumer Discretionary, Consumer Staples, Energy and Materials, Financials, Health Care, Industrials and IT and Telecoms. The results indicate that in the short run there is no strong relationship between carbon emissions output and operating costs. More so, the carbon emissions have a very weak and statistically insignificant relationship with total assets.	Carbon emissions; JSE100; Panel data analysis; South africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903952001	Impact of corporate governance on the performance of commercial banks in Zimbabwe	Shungu P., Ngirande H., Ndlovu G.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	15	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n15p93	Department of Finance, NUST, Zimbabwe; Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Private Bag 1106, Sovenga, 2707, South Africa	Shungu, P., Department of Finance, NUST, Zimbabwe; Ngirande, H., Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Private Bag 1106, Sovenga, 2707, South Africa; Ndlovu, G., Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Private Bag 1106, Sovenga, 2707, South Africa	The background of corporate governance dates back to the 19th Century when state corporation laws enhanced the rights of corporate boards without unanimous consent of shareholders. The concept propounds that corporation should have a good board structure in order to enhance performance. It is firmly rooted on the assumption that good corporate governance practices enhance corporate performance. However, there is no consensus on the impact of corporate governance on performance. The increasing role of the financial sector, on both economic development and poverty alleviation, has seen the concept being applied more on the financial sector than before; this has been further aggravated by world financial crisis, and its consequences. In this regard, Zimbabwe is no exception, during the period 2003-2009 the Zimbabwe witnessed unprecedented failure in the financial sector rooted from a number of issues; but chief among them has been cited as poor corporate governance practices. However, there have been mixed feelings on the extent to which bank performance can be attributed to corporate governance. The paper presents the findings of the study that was conducted to investigate the impact of corporate governance on the performance of commercial banks in Zimbabwe. Using data gathered from 2009-2012, for a sample of five commercial banks, it applies multi-regression model, to assess the causal relationship between corporate governance measures (board size, board composition, internal board committees and board diversity) and bank performance. The results indicate unidirectional causal relationship from corporate governance to bank performance. In addition, there a positive relationship between board composition, board diversity and commercial bank performance, although a negative relationship appears between board size, board committees and bank performance. Therefore, in order to improve performance in commercial banks good corporate governance practices must implemented, this includes improving board structures, disclosure, and fiduciary duties of directors. On the hand the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe should ensure or put in place robust supervisory and regulatory policies; the development and implementation of a national corporate governance code is long overdue.	Commercial bank; Corporate governance; Impact; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904970991	The performance of socially responsible investment funds and exchange-traded funds: Evidence from Johannesburg stock exchange	Marozva G.	2014	Corporate Ownership and Control	11	0.16666666667	None	Department of Finance, Risk Management and Banking, University of South Africa, P.O.Box 392, UNISA, 003, Pretoria, South Africa	Marozva, G., Department of Finance, Risk Management and Banking, University of South Africa, P.O.Box 392, UNISA, 003, Pretoria, South Africa	The research reported in this article explored how the JSE SRI Index performed relative to exchange-traded funds during the period of economic growth as well as during the period of economic decline between 2004 and 2014. The JSE SRI Index and exchange traded funds are analysed by a single factor model as well as other risk-adjusted performance measures including the Sharpe ratio, the Treynor ratio and the M-squared ratio. The single-factor model regression results suggest that during the period of economic growth the JSE SRI index neither significantly outperformed nor underperformed the exchange-traded funds. However, the JSE SRI Index significantly underperformed the exchange-traded funds during the period of economic decline. Further tests that engaged other risk-adjusted measures indicated that the exchange-traded funds performed better than the JSE SRI index in both periods. Based on this research it is recommended that further research be conducted using models that can control for the liquidity difference in funds.	Capital asset pricing model; Exchange-traded funds; M-squared ratio; Performance; Sharpe ratio; Socially responsible investment index; Treynor ratio	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84883422763	CEO compensation and performance of state owned enterprises in South Africa	Ngwenya S., Khumalo M.	2012	Corporate Ownership and Control	10	0.041666666667	None	Department of Finance, Risk Management and Banking, University of South Africa, UNISA, 0003, South Africa	Ngwenya, S., Department of Finance, Risk Management and Banking, University of South Africa, UNISA, 0003, South Africa; Khumalo, M., Department of Finance, Risk Management and Banking, University of South Africa, UNISA, 0003, South Africa	The study investigates the relationship between CEO compensation and performance of State Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in South Africa, using data for the period 2009 to 2011. The results indicated that there exist no positive relationship between CEO compensation and SOEs performance as measured by return on assets. The results also indicated a positive relationship between CEO compensation (base salary) and the size of SOEs as measured by total revenue and number of employees. The results suggest that board members of SOEs in South Africa should hold CEOs accountable for the performance of SOEs, and should not pay huge salaries and bonuses to non performing CEOs.	CEO compensation; Corporate governance; SOE performance; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70350351299	Ownership concentration and corporate performance on the Ghana stock exchange: A panel data analysis	Bokpin G.A.	2008	Corporate Ownership and Control	5	None	None	Department of Finance, University of Ghana Business School, Ghana	Bokpin, G.A., Department of Finance, University of Ghana Business School, Ghana	Corporate governance is linked to corporate performance. The study examines the effect of ownership concentration on corporate performance on the Ghana Stock Exchange. Panel data covering a period from 2001 to 2006 for 28 firms were analyzed within the framework of both the fixed and random effects techniques. The results indicate that the effect of ownership concentration on corporate performance varies with the performance measurement variable. The results indicate a significant positive relationship between ownership concentration and return on assets and Tobin's Q, whilst there is negative insignificant relationship with return on equity. We also document that insider system of corporate governance is practiced on the Ghana stock exchange as shareholding is highly concentrated in the hands of a few individuals or institutional investors. Other governance features such as board size, board composition and CEO duality are all essential in predicting corporate performance. The results of the study generally support existing literature on the impact of ownership concentration on corporate performance.	Corporate governance; Ghana; Ownership concentration; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79959940416	Ownership structure, corporate governance and dividend performance on the Ghana Stock Exchange	Bokpin G.A.	2011	Journal of Applied Accounting Research	12	1	10.1108/09675421111130612	Department of Finance, University of Ghana Business School, Legon, Ghana	Bokpin, G.A., Department of Finance, University of Ghana Business School, Legon, Ghana	Purpose - This paper aims to document the interaction between ownership structure, corporate governance and dividend performance on the Ghana Stock Exchange (GSE). Design/methodology/approach - Panel data covering a period from 2002 to 2007 for 23 firms were analyzed within the framework of fixed effects techniques. Findings - The paper reports that foreign share ownership significantly, positively, influences dividend payment among firms on the GSE. It found board size to have a statistically positive effect on dividend payment among the corporate governance variables. It did not, however, find a significant relationship between inside ownership, board independence, board intensity, CEO duality and dividend performance. The results also indicate that highly leveraged firms will significantly reduce dividend payments. Finally, age and income volatility were found to be significant determinants of dividend performance on the GSE. Originality/value - The paper considers a much broader approach to investigating the impact of ownership structure and corporate governance on dividend performance on the GSE, a marked departure from other studies conducted on the GSE. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Corporate governance; Corporate ownership; Dividends; Ghana; Stock exchanges	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943611171	Benchmarking: Business strategy to improve environmental performance	Doorasamy M.	2015	Investment Management and Financial Innovations	12	2	None	Department of Financial Accounting, Mangosuthu University of Technology, South Africa	Doorasamy, M., Department of Financial Accounting, Mangosuthu University of Technology, South Africa	A growing number of organizations have failed to realize that environmental strategies should be incorporated as part of the organizations corporate business strategies, to ensure their sustainable competitive advantage. Future sustainability and competitiveness require the adoption of Cleaner Production (CP) techniques and technologies which will address waste issues at its source and ensure more efficient use of resources. However, management is not keen on this strategy as they perceive CP as a costly strategy that requires innovation with no financial benefits to the company. The aim of this paper is to benchmark the company's environmental costs by comparing the company's current non-product output against technological standards and standards of best available technology. The results are based on a case study which is focused on the coal - fired boiler technology used in the steam generation process. It had been found that benchmarking enabled managers to evaluate and analyze how much they can save by ensuring that their current technology is functioning according to technological standards and also reduces the amount of waste generated due to technological inefficiency. © Mishelle Doorasamy, 2015.	Benchmarks; Best available technology; Cleaner production techniques; Competiveness; Environmental strategies; Non-product output; Sustainability; Technological standards	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84913586216	The association between the seven elements of the black economic empowerment score and market performance	van Der Merwe C.M., Ferreira P.	2014	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	17	5	None	Department of Financial Accounting, University of South Africa, South Africa; Department of Financial Accounting, University of Pretoria, South Africa	van Der Merwe, C.M., Department of Financial Accounting, University of South Africa, South Africa; Ferreira, P., Department of Financial Accounting, University of Pretoria, South Africa	The black economic empowerment (BEE) score consists of seven elements, namely ownership, management control, employment equity, skills development, preferential procurement, enterprise development and socio-economic development. The purpose of this study is to establish whether an association exists between an entity’s BEE elements and its share returns in the short term.Based on prior literature, it appears that the market reacts positively to an announcement of a BEE deal, although the literature also indicates that an entity’s BEE score, which includes all seven elements of the BEE score, bears a negative relationship to its share returns. Therefore the association between the various BEE elements and share returns needs to be investigated. The study uses a multivariate regression analysis that controls for factors influencing share returns. The study includes the BEE element data as obtained from the survey of the top empowerment companies carried out by Empowerdex/Financial Mail for the period 2005 to 2011.The results of this study indicate that a significant positive association exists between the management control element of the BEE score and the entity’s share returns. Furthermore, a significant negative association exists between the ownership and preferential procurement elements of an entity and its share returns. This study contributes to the literature on BEE in the accounting and finance field in South Africa as well as enhances the understanding and effect of BEE compliance through implementation of the generic scorecard as required by the 2007 codes of good practice. The results of this study would be of interest to government policy analysts, investors and managers. © 2014 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved.	BEE; BEE elements; Black economic empowerment; Management control; Ownership element; Preferential procurement; Share returns	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880833150	Impact of cooperative finance on household income generation	Oluyombo O.O.	2013	DLSU Business and Economics Review	23	1	None	Department of Financial Studies, Redeemer's University, Ogun State, Nigeria	Oluyombo, O.O., Department of Financial Studies, Redeemer's University, Ogun State, Nigeria	The study assesses the role played by cooperative societies' loans services on members' economic condition through household income generation in rural areas where there is no bank or other formal financial providers. Using a questionnaire technique, the study covers the activities of cooperative societies located in rural communities and villages outside the state capital and local government headquarters where there is no electricity, water, and tarred road in Ogun State, Nigeria. Data are analysed using chi-square, t-test, ANOVA, and effect size. The study found that participation in a cooperative is associated with increase in household income, while membership duration, house ownership, and marital status are the three variables that contributed significantly to the increase in household income reported by members in addition to the program loan. The result indicates specifically that being a cooperative member for a longer period of time and living in rented houses were significant contributory factors towards increase in household income. However, there was no difference in the number of increase in household income reported based on marital status of the members. The use of cooperative loan increases household income level of the borrowers because the loan serves as additional investment and therefore helps to improve economic position for better living standard of the members. The increase in household income through cooperative loan is a financial capital which supports the social capital theory to explain the role of cooperatives in rural finance at the household level. © 2013 De La Salle University, Philippines.	Cooperative; Economic condition; Household income; Rural finance; Social capital	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901946635	Perception of impact of donor agencies on the socio-economic well-being of fisher folks in Southeast Nigeria [Percepcija utjecaja donatorskih agencija na socioekonomski položaj ribara u jugoistočnoj Nigeriji]	Udoh J.P., Okoko A.C.	2014	Ribarstvo, Croatian Journal of Fisheries	72	2	10.14798/72.2.714	Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Environmental Management, University of Uyo, P.M.B. 1017, Uyo - 520001, Nigeria; Fisheries Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria	Udoh, J.P., Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Environmental Management, University of Uyo, P.M.B. 1017, Uyo - 520001, Nigeria; Okoko, A.C., Fisheries Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria	The study evaluated the overall influence of International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) fisheries intervention on the socio-economic wellbeing of fisher folks in Akwa Ibom State, southeast Nigeria, using bi-polar and transformed five-point likert scales. A multi-stage sampling technique was adopted to select 220 beneficiaries, resident in five IFAD-intervention recipient coastal fishing settlements from five benefiting Local Government Areas in the State. The beneficiaries/respondents were mostly women (63.3%), had at least primary education (39.90%), households of 4-7 members, married (63.36%) and aged between 34 and 55 years (79.80%). The beneficiaries' perception revealed multidimensional aspects of wellbeing; what one respondent considered as important indicator of wellbeing may be different from the other. Results revealed affective and high utilization of IFAD intervention among beneficiaries. The beneficiaries reported high utilization of scarce facilities. This high level of utilization abdicates that the intervention contributed adequately to the socioeconomic wellbeing of respondents. The change in wellbeing of the beneficiaries was short-lived, most of who still lived in poor accommodation (huts = 40.37%) and depend on kerosene lamp (60.55%) for lighting. Over 56.9% of respondents depended on well water as their source of drinking water while 56.40% depended on local chemist shop for healthcare treatment. The study posits that wellbeing has several dimensions; hence, interventions in fisher folk communities should be intensive, broad and multidimensional in approach. It is possible that with repeated research and continual intervention over a ten year period visible socio-economic improvements could be effected. © The Author(s) 2014. Published by University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture. All rights reserved.	Fisheries development; Livelihood; Poverty; Well-being index	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953236502	The association of 20M shuttle run performance with a substantial increase in waist circumference in japanese middle-aged adults	Yamamoto N., Kojo K., Shimura M., Hagi Y.	2010	Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine	59	2	None	Department of Fisheries Distribution and Management, National Fisheries University, United States; Graduate School of Physical Education, National Institute of Fitness and Sports, Kanoya, Nigeria; Citizen's Health Plaza, Health Promotion Center, United St	Yamamoto, N., Department of Fisheries Distribution and Management, National Fisheries University, United States, Graduate School of Physical Education, National Institute of Fitness and Sports, Kanoya, Nigeria; Kojo, K., Citizen's Health Plaza, Health Promotion Center, United States; Shimura, M., Department for Interdisciplinary Studies of Lifelong Sport and Physical Activity, National Institute of Fitness and Sports, Kanoya, Nigeria; Hagi, Y., Department of Sport and Leisure Management, TOKAI University, Japan	Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between 20m shuttle run (20mSRT) performance and a substantial increase in waist circumference (WC) with aging in Japanese middle-aged adults. Methods: One hundred and fifty-six Japanese middle-aged adults (40-64 yrs; 40 males, 116 females) participated in this study. Baseline data on 20mSRT, height, weight, WC, alcohol habit, smoking habit and the use of medication were collected from 2003 to 2004. Follow-up data on height, weight and WC were collected in 2008. The 20mSRT results were divided into gender-specific quartiles. A logistic regression analysis was used to predict a substantial increase in the WC (5 cm or more) during the follow-up. Results: During the follow-up, 44 people had a substantial increase in the WC. Independently from sex, age, height (baseline), weight (baseline), WC (baseline), alcohol habit, smoking habit and the use of medication, the highest quartile of 20m SRT was significantly associated with significantly lower odds ratio of a substantial increase in WC (OR: 0.07, 95%CI: 0.01-0.36) in comparison to the lowest quartile of 20mSRT. Furthermore, after additional adjustment for change in weight during follow-up, the highest quartile remained significantly predictive of a substantial increase in the WC, with odds ratio of 0.07 (95%CI: 0.01-0.39). Conclusions: These results indicate that the 20mSRT performance is a significant predictor of a substantial increase in the WC with aging in Japanese middle-aged adults.	20m shuttle run; Aging; Increase in waist circumference; Prospective study	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-82855179478	Reproductive, growth performance and nutrient utilization of Heterobranchus bidorsalis (Geoffroy, 1809) and its hybrid "Clariabranchus" induced with synthetic hormone and pituitary gland of Heterobranchus bidorsalis	Owodeinde F.G., Ndimele P.E., Anetekhai M.A.	2011	International Journal of Zoological Research	7	5	10.3923/ijzr.2011.345.357	Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria	Owodeinde, F.G., Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria; Ndimele, P.E., Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria; Anetekhai, M.A., Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria	This study was conducted to assess the reproductive performance, growth rate and nutrient utilization capacities of pure breed Heterobranchus bidorsalis (H. bidorsalis ♀ x H. bidorsalis ♂) and its hybrid (H. bidorsalis ♀ x C. gariepinus ♂) (Clariabranchus) induced with synthetic hormone (ovaprim) and pituitary of male and female Heterobranchus bidorsalis. In this study, 3 female Heterobranchus bidorsalis, 3 male Heterobranchus bidorsalis and 3 male Clarias gariepinus were used for the experiment. One female H. bidorsalis induced with ovaprim produced eggs which were divided into two equal halves. Each half was fertilized separately by milt from H. bidorsalis and C. gariepinus to produce pure breed and hybrid, respectively. A similar crossing was done for the female H. bidorsalis induced with Male Pituitary Extract (MPE) and Female Pituitary Extract (FPE). Percentage fertilization and hatching rate of pure breed induced with ovaprim were significantly (p<0.05) higher than the other genetic crosses. The highest values for weight gain (5.46±1.58 g), average daily growth (0.39±0.11 g) and specific growth rate (1.04±0.16%/day) occurred in pure breed induced with MPE. The lowest values for these growth parameters were obtained in the hybrid induced with FPE. Feed intake, protein intake, feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio varied significantly (p<0.05) among the treatments. This study has shown that the pure breeds and hybrids induced with ovaprim and MPE performed better than those induced with FPE. Therefore, they are recommended for commercial aquaculture. © 2011 Academic Journals Inc.	Catfish; Feed utilization; Growth parameters; Induced breeding; Ovaprim; Pituitary extract	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84945905706	Impact of cassava flour properties on the sensory quality of composite white bread	Shittu T.A., Fadeyi F.B., Ladipo M.A.	2015	Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops and Foods	7	5	10.3920/QAS2014.0451	Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria	Shittu, T.A., Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Fadeyi, F.B., Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Ladipo, M.A., Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria	The quality of composite baked products, which varies due to complex interaction of flour components, needs to be predictable for product optimisation purposes. This paper reports the impact of cassava flour (CF) from five cassava genotypes grown with or without fertiliser application on the quality of composite cassava-wheat bread. Composite breads were made with 10% of wheat flour substituted with CF. Sensory acceptability of the bread samples were determined based on crumb attributes (softness, elasticity, structure and colour), crust appearance, flavour and overall acceptability. Factorial analysis showed cassava genotype and fertiliser application during field cultivation significantly affected the crust appearance and crumb elasticity while their interactions affected all the sensory properties (P < 0.01). Crumb softness influenced the overall acceptability of the composite bread most significantly. The partial least square (PLS) regression models for predicting sensory acceptability scores from CF properties explained about 98-100% of the variability. Based on the PLS regression, the study concluded that pH, cyanogenic potential (CNP), and least gelation concentration (LGC) of CF were the most influential quality criteria affecting the sensory acceptability of composite bread. Generally, CF with lower CNP, acidity, amylose, and higher LGC values will give more acceptable freshly baked composite bread. © 2015 Wageningen Academic Publishers.	Physicochemical properties; PLS regression; Sensory acceptability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84899618599	Evaluation of cashew nut flour in the production of biscuit	Owiredu I., Laryea D., Barimah J.	2014	Nutrition and Food Science	44	3	10.1108/NFS-06-2013-0067	Department of Food Science and Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Owiredu, I., Department of Food Science and Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Laryea, D., Department of Food Science and Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Barimah, J., Department of Food Science and Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Purpose: The aim of this paper is to promote the utilization and diversification of cashew nuts through its use as a substitute for wheat flour in biscuit production. Design/methodology/approach: Wheat flour was substituted with cashew nut flour (CNF) at levels of 0, 20, 30 and 40 percent in the production of biscuit. The products obtained were subjected to proximate, mineral and sensory analysis. Findings: There was a significant increase in protein and fat contents from 7.75 and 22.11 percent to 12.89 and 32.11 percent, respectively, when CNF increased, whiles carbohydrate decreased from 66.67 to 48.04 percent. A significant increase in magnesium (27.93-97.03 mg/100 g), sodium (198.11-228.02 mg/100 g), phosphorus (55.90-149.00 mg/100 g), potassium (290.40-990.00 mg/100 g), zinc (0.72-2.00 mg/100 g) and iron (0.28-1.00 mg/100 g) was also observed as CNF increased. Sensory analysis revealed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the 20 and 30 percent substituted samples, in terms of overall acceptability. Therefore, wheat flour could be substituted with CNF up to 30 percent in the production of biscuit. Originality/value: This study was done to ascertain the potential use of CNF as a substitute for wheat flour and a nutrient enrichment in biscuit production, in order to diversify its use; since it still remains an underutilized raw material in Ghana. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Biscuit; Cashew nut flour; Mineral; Proximate; Underutilized; Wheat flour	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84945434171	Evaluation of some hotel kitchen staff on their knowledge on food safety and kitchen hygiene in the Kumasi Metropolis	Darko S., Mills-Robertson F.C., Wireko-Manu F.D.	2015	International Food Research Journal	22	6	None	Department of Food Science and Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; F. C. Department of Biochemistry and Biosciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Darko, S., Department of Food Science and Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Mills-Robertson, F.C., F. C. Department of Biochemistry and Biosciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Wireko-Manu, F.D., Department of Food Science and Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	The hotel industry in Ghana forms one of the sectors of the hospitality industry that offer catering services for profit. People within the high socioeconomic group as well as foreigners patronize prepared food from the hotels with the assumption that foods sold from these hotels are prepared under good hygienic conditions and that the food handlers will practice food safety. In this study, 39 hotel kitchen staffs were evaluated on food safety through semi-structured questionnaire on demographics, knowledge and practices on food safety/hygiene as well as kitchen sanitation. Results indicated that females comprising 56.4%, dominated the hotel food preparation establishment. All the respondents were educated. 74.4 % kitchen staff members were aware of the causes of food poisoning while 35 (89.7 %) were aware that microorganisms can be found in refrigerated foods. All subjects responded positively to the washing of hands during food preparation with over 87.2% indicating that the hands should be washed after touching something different from what is being cooked. In the case of items used to wipe hands, 71% (28) used kitchen napkin. Respondents who were medically examined were 82.7% (34) with only 7.7 % (3) who were employed without medical checkup. In the area of sanitation, 94.9% (37) respondents used fly-proof doors in their kitchens while 66.7% respondents know that cooking environment should be cleaned in the morning, afternoon and evening. Thirty eight (97.4%) respondents disinfected their work surfaces when required. Thus, the research revealed that most hotel kitchen staff from the ten hotels studied, had adequate knowledge of food safety and kitchen hygiene.	Food handling; Food safety; Hotels; Hygiene	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84891703427	Current food safety management systems in fresh produce exporting industry are associated with lower performance due to context riskiness: Case study	Sawe C.T., Onyango C.M., Njage P.M.K.	2014	Food Control	40	1	10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.12.019	Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Technology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053-00625, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection, University of Nairobi, Kenya	Sawe, C.T., Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Technology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053-00625, Nairobi, Kenya; Onyango, C.M., Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection, University of Nairobi, Kenya; Njage, P.M.K., Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Technology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053-00625, Nairobi, Kenya	Food processors implement differing food safety and quality assurance standards and guidelines. This may result in variable performance of the food safety management systems (FSMS) due to differences in technological development, resource access and food safety legal frameworks. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of FSMS in the fresh produce export processing sector in Kenya as a case. The risk posed by the context in which they operate was assessed. An FSMS diagnostic instrument was used to evaluate thirteen fresh produce exporting processors based on indicators and descriptive grids for context factors, control and assurance activities and food safety output. Riskiness in context was diagnosed either as low risk, moderate risk or high risk. Performance of control and assurance activities was categorized as not conducted, basic, average or advanced. Food safety output was scored as either not done, poor, moderate or good.Majority of the processors (≥7) operate at moderate level in most (74%) of the context riskiness indicators. Seven out of the 13 processors indicated that susceptibility of initial material to microbial contamination posed the highest risk with respect to product characteristics. Even though majority of the companies had advanced level core control activities performance for 6 out of 29 of the activities, there was a moderate performance in 48% of the activities and 24% control activities were not applied. Core assurance activities for majority of the companies also performed moderately in 89% of the indicators. FSMS performance was poor for 53% and good for 37% of the processors. All the processors had advanced scores for monitoring of pesticide residues but five lacked sampling and subsequent criteria for microbial analysis. The FSMS implementation for 77% of the companies was poor to moderate and, given the moderate context riskiness, this therefore resulted in moderate FSMS-output.The mostly moderate FSMS activity levels when assessed in the context riskiness lower the food safety performance of the fresh produce sector. Several recommended control and assurance activities in fresh produce sector should be improved to advanced levels in order to realize a stable and predictable safety output subject to the riskiness of context situation. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.	Assurance activities; Context characteristics; Control activities; Diagnostic tool; Food safety management system; Fresh produce industry	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894051670	Production and evaluation of flours and crunchy snacks from sweet potato (Ipomea batatas) and maize flours	Olapade A.A., Ogunade O.A.	2014	International Food Research Journal	21	1	None	Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Olapade, A.A., Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Ogunade, O.A., Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	The present study was conducted to assess the suitability of blends of two sweet potato (cream-and yellow-flesh) varieties and maize flours in the preparation of crunchy snacks. Each of the sweet potato varieties was prepared into flour and separately blended with 0, 30 and 50% of maize flour. The blends were evaluated for proximate composition, mineral content, vitamin content, anti-nutrient factors and functional properties. Baked crunchy snacks were prepared from each of the blends and evaluated for physical and organoleptic properties. The results of proximate analysis showed that crude protein (3.40-6.57%) was significantly different between the two varieties of sweet potato used and it increased with addition of maize flour to the two varieties. The β-carotene value (345-370 μg/100 g) was highest in 100 yellow-flesh sweet potato which slightly decreased with addition of maize flour. The vitamin c content (13.4-17.3 mg/100 g) was also highest for 100% yellow-flesh sweet potato. The cream-flesh sweet potato contained higher amount of phytates (16.0 mg/100 g) but lower amounts of tannins (8.66 mg/100 g) and oxalates 7.0 mg/100 g) compared with the yellow-flesh varieties. The tannins, phytates and oxalates values decreased with addition of maize flour to both varieties of the sweet potato used. The bulk density values (0.523-0.683 g/cm3), water absorption capacity (123-143%) and oil absorption capacity (13.3-15.3%) were significantly (p &lt; 0.05) different among the samples. The specific height was highest for 100% yellow flesh sweet potato and it decreased with addition of maize flour. The sensory evaluation revealed that all the samples were scored within the acceptable attribute limits except the sample from 100 cream-flesh sweet potato which was scored lowest in all attributes. © All Rights Reserved.	Chemical composition; Crunchy snack; Maize flour; Organoleptic properties; Sweet potato flour	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896710001	The socioeconomic impact of the phasing out of plantations in the Western and Southern Cape regions of South Africa	de Beer M.C., Ham C., Längin D.W., Theron F.	2014	Southern Forests	76	1	10.2989/20702620.2013.870386	Department of Forest and Wood Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; Mondi, Forestry Operations, PO Box 39, Pietermaritzburg 3200, South Africa; School of Public Leadership, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa	de Beer, M.C., Department of Forest and Wood Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; Ham, C., Department of Forest and Wood Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; Längin, D.W., Mondi, Forestry Operations, PO Box 39, Pietermaritzburg 3200, South Africa; Theron, F., School of Public Leadership, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa	This study investigates the possible socioeconomic impact of the phasing out of nearly 22 500 ha of plantations within the Southern and Western Cape regions of South Africa as a result of a decision made by government in 2000. Data was collected in 2007 from three plantations (one near Grabouw in the Western Cape, and two near George in the Southern Cape) managed by Mountain to Ocean Forestry (Pty) Ltd (currently Cape Pine Investment Holdings Ltd), among three different plantation stakeholder groups. These groups are (1) forest-dependent communities, (2) stakeholders among the forestry value chain and (3) indirect stakeholders. This study indicates that there are significant differences between the potential impacts of the phasing-out process within the Southern and Western Cape regions. Communities and secondary processing companies in the Southern Cape are much more dependent on forestry than those in the Western Cape region. The study highlights three aspects related to the phasing-out process that need urgent attention. These are (1) to increase public awareness and community participation among local beneficiaries and companies to be impacted on by the phasing-out process, (2) provide appropriate training and capacity-building and thus increased skills level of workers who face unemployment and (3) the identification of alternative employment opportunities for the unemployed affected by the phasing-out process. © 2014 Copyright © NISC (Pty) Ltd.	communities; phasing out; plantations; socioeconomic impact	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84855436865	Binary models for evaluation of stakeholders' support for private forestry in southwest Nigeria	Agbeja B.O.	2010	Discovery and Innovation	21	04-Mar	None	Department of Forest Resources Management, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Agbeja, B.O., Department of Forest Resources Management, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Nigeria has a negligble record of private sector participation (PSP) in the forestry sector. The forestry sector tends to be weak, having taken for granted investment potential under the private sector. The study examined the perceptions of stakeholders on incentives to support private forestry in Southwest Nigeria with a view to eliciting support for an alternative to public forestry programme. The specific objective was to identify various incentives for private forestry in the study areas. Binary models were developed using the field data collected from Ekiti, Ogun, Ondo, Osun and Oyo States in Southwest Nigeria to evaluate a number of incentives perceived to determine willingness of the stakeholders to support Private Forestry (PF). The binary logit models predict the probability that a respondent will be willing to support PF in relation to independent variables which include presence/absence of Federal and State Financial Assistance (FSFA), presence/absence of International Financial Assistance (IFA), presence/absence of Long Term Lease of Forest Land (LTLFL), Provision of Seedlings /Seeds (PSS), Provision of Loans (PL), Availability of Grants (AG), presence/absence of Technical Assistance (TA) and presence/absence of Market for Environmental Services Incentives (MESI). A total of 5 forestry headquarters, 10 towns and 20 communities were randomly selected for data collection in the five states. A structured questionnaire was employed for the study. Willingness to participate in PF was best predicted by highest odds ratio where presence of LTLFL has an odds ratio of 84.02. This was followed by PL with an odds ratio of 3.81, in the pooled model for the five states. Willingness to support PF appears to be guaranteed where LTLFL and PL for forest management are high. The specific models developed depend on the locations where the data were collected, and therefore should not be applied to areas outside the range of the data. However, the modelling approach is of general applicability and can be used to predict the willingness of the stakeholders support PF in other areas.	Binary; Incentives; Nature; Private forestry; Willingness	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33744454393	The effect of soil amendment on the performance of Gambaya albida (Linn) seedlings	Okunomo K., Ureigho U.N., Opute H.O.	2006	European Journal of Scientific Research	13	2	None	Department of Forestry and Wildlife, Delta State University, Asaba Campus, Delta State, Nigeria	Okunomo, K., Department of Forestry and Wildlife, Delta State University, Asaba Campus, Delta State, Nigeria; Ureigho, U.N., Department of Forestry and Wildlife, Delta State University, Asaba Campus, Delta State, Nigeria; Opute, H.O., Department of Forestry and Wildlife, Delta State University, Asaba Campus, Delta State, Nigeria	A study on the effect of soil amendments on the performance of G. albida was conducted at the teaching and research farm of Delta State University, Asaba Campus. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates was employed to assess the effect of these soil amendment options namely cowdung, poultry droppings, Ash and topsoil on growth performance in seedlings of Gambaya albida (Linn). Results showed that there was significant difference between the treatments (P&lt;0.05) from 2-12 weeks after transplanting (WAT). As regards the plant height and collar difference between the treatments from the 2-12WAT. The result indicated that the soil amendment materials had significant effect on leaf number and leaf area of the species (P&lt;0.05) throughout the duration of the study except at 4WAT. The highest mean height values of 17.17cm was recorded under poultry dropping treatment at 12WAT, while mean leaf number and leaf area values were 8.7 and 55.22cm2 respectively. The highest leaf dry weight of 1.7gwasobtainedundercowdung treatment while poultry dropping sand ash had the highest stem and root dry weights of 1.9and 1.6g respectively. It is recommended that poultry droppings should be adopted by our local farmers for the establishment of Gambaya albida seedling. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2006.	Seedling growth; Soil analysis; Tree seedlings	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84876003669	Evaluation of cement-bonded particle board produced from Afzelia africana wood residues	Sotannde O.A., Oluwadare A.O., Ogedoh O., Adeogun P.F.	2012	Journal of Engineering Science and Technology	7	6	None	Department of Forestry and Wildlife, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria; Department of Forest Resources Management, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	Sotannde, O.A., Department of Forestry and Wildlife, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria; Oluwadare, A.O., Department of Forest Resources Management, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Ogedoh, O., Department of Forestry and Wildlife, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria; Adeogun, P.F., Department of Forestry and Wildlife, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria	The study was design to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of cement-bonded particleboards produced from Afzelia africana wood residues. The production variables investigated were three wood particle types (flakes, flake-sawdust mix and sawdust), three chemical accelerators (CaCl2, MgCl2 and AlCl3) and four wood-cement ratios (1:2.0, 1:2.5, 1:3.0 and 1:3.5). The accelerators were based on 2% by weight of cement used. The boards produced were subjected to physical tests such as density, percentage water absorption and thickness swelling. Mechanical properties evaluated were modulus of rupture, internal bonding strength and compressive strength. The results revealed that the type of particle used, wood-cement ratio and chemical additives had a marked influence on the physical and mechanical properties of the boards (p &lt; 0.05). From quality view point, flake-sawdust composite ranked best while flake boards ranked least. Similarly, CaCl2 had the best influence on the setting of the boards followed by MgCl2 and AlCl3. Finally, it has been shown that particle boards that satisfied the BISON type HZ requirement and ISO 8335 can be produced from Afzelia africana particularly at wood-cement of 1:2.5 and above. © School of Engineering, Taylor's University.	Afzelia africana; Chemical additives; Physico-mechanical properties; Sawdust; Wood flakes	None	None
None	None	The impact of training on performance of micro and small enterprises served by microfinance institutions in Tanzania	Kessy S., Temu S.S.	2010	Research Journal of Business Management	4	2	10.3923/rjbm.2010.103.111	Department of General Management, P.O. Box 35046, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Department of Accounting, University of Dar es Salaam Business School, P.O. Box 35046, Dares Salaam, Tanzania	Kessy, S., Department of General Management, P.O. Box 35046, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Temu, S.S., Department of Accounting, University of Dar es Salaam Business School, P.O. Box 35046, Dares Salaam, Tanzania	This study examines differences in business performance between two specific groups of micro finance clients; the enterprises whose owners have received business and entrepreneurship training against those who had never. The analysis is centred on the premise that microfinance institutions enable their clients (mainly micro and small enterprises) to enhance their income earning capacity, attain firms' growth and improve owners' living standards. A total of 225 micro and small enterprises who are micro credit recipients was involved in the study. The performance analysis employed three growth indicators, namely sales revenue, employees number and firms assets value. An independent t-test was used in the comparative analysis. Prior to the test, the survey data was subjected to an application of natural logarithm to enable pulling of the highly skewed observations to a normal distribution. The comparison between the two groups was important in examining the impact of training in changing behavior and characteristics of businesses and the owners. The results of t-test revealed that micro credit client-enterprises owned by recipients of business training have higher level of assets and sales revenue compared to enterprise owned by non-recipients of training while insignificant differential impact on employment creation was demonstrated. Implications from the study is that training in business skills for Tanzanian micro and small entrepreneurs is vital for firms performance, growth and improved owners living standards in addition to credit access. Microcredit providers should therefore consider products modifications or work closely with training providers to achieve greater impact from micro finance services and poverty alleviation. © 2010 Academic Journals Inc.	Impact; Micro/small enterprises; Microfinance; Performance; Training	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84929333726	School variables on junior secondary school students' mathematics performance in Cross River State, Nigeria	Opie O.N., Ovat S.V., Meremikwu A.N.	2014	International Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Learning	22	1	None	Department of General Studies Obudu, Cross River State, Nigeria; Department of Education Foundations, Guidance and Counselling, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria; Department of Curriculum and Teaching, Faculty of Education, Univer	Opie, O.N., Department of General Studies Obudu, Cross River State, Nigeria; Ovat, S.V., Department of Education Foundations, Guidance and Counselling, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria; Meremikwu, A.N., Department of Curriculum and Teaching, Faculty of Education, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria	The study was designed to assess the influence of some selected school variables on students' mathematics performance among Junior Secondary School three (JSS3) students in Cross River State, Nigeria. The school variables considered were school proprietorship, school model (boarding/day), and school sex-type. Students' performance in mathematics was measured using the outcomes of a state-wide final examination in mathematics for junior secondary schools conducted by the State Ministry of Education in 2009/10 session. A total of 1600 students from 81 public, private and mission schools were used for the study. Data collected were subjected to t-test and ANOVA at .05 level. The results showed that school proprietorship (F=26.13, p <.05), school model (t=4.15, p<.05) and school sex-type (F=3.822, p<.05) significantly influenced Junior Secondary School students' performance in mathematics in Cross River State, Nigeria. © Common Ground, Oko Ngaji Opie, Sylvia Victor Ovat, Anne Ndidi Meremikwu.	Mathematics; Model; Performance; Proprietorship; Sex; Students	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84886285375	Evaluating the performance of amiprophos methyl and γ-irradiated seeds on growth and yield traits of pigeon pea	Udensi O., Ntui V.O.	2013	International Journal of Agriculture and Biology	15	5	None	Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Nigeria; Laboratory of Plant Cell Technology, Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Japan	Udensi, O., Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Nigeria; Ntui, V.O., Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Nigeria, Laboratory of Plant Cell Technology, Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Japan	The seeds of two varieties of pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Mill], brown "Fiofio" and white "Fiofio", were treated with 0, 4, 6 and 8 ppm amiprophos methyl (APM) for 48 h, or exposed to γ-irradiation at 0, 200, 400, 600 Gy (Gray) from 60Co source. There was significant (P &lt; 0.05) effect of the mutagenic treatments on all the growth and yield traits evaluated except for percentage germination and these effects were dose-dependent. Seeds exposed to 200 Gy of γ-rays gave better seed yield when compared with APM soaked seeds. The treatment of pigeon pea seeds with APM and γ-rays could serve as alternative breeding and improvement techniques to achieve high seed productivity, especially at lower doses. Succinctly, it does suggest that if mutagenic process is monitored and directed carefully, it could proffer significant alternative for improving pigeon pea landraces, especially if the seeds are exposed to γ-irradiation at the dose of at least 200 Gy. © 2013 Friends Science Publishers.	γ-Irradiation; Amiprophos methyl; Improvement; Mutation breeding; Pigeon pea	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943529260	Framework and guidelines for implementing the proposed IUCN Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT)	Hawkins C.L., Bacher S., Essl F., Hulme P.E., Jeschke J.M., Kühn I., Kumschick S., Nentwig W., Pergl J., Pyšek P., Rabitsch W., Richardson D.M., Vilà M., Wilson J.R.U., Genovesi P., Blackburn T.M.	2015	Diversity and Distributions	21	11	10.1111/ddi.12379	Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Darwin Building, UCL Gower Street, London, United Kingdom; Department of Biology, Unit Ecology and Evolution, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, Fribourg, Switzerland; Division of Conservation Biology, Vegetation and Landscape Ecology, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna, Austria; The Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, PO Box 84, Christchurch, New Zealand; Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 310, Berlin, Germany; Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 1-3, Berlin, Germany; Department of Community Ecology, UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, Halle, Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Botany and Zoology, Centre for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa; South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch National Botanical Gardens, Claremont, South Africa; Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Invasion Ecology, Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic; Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, Praha 2, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Environment Agency Austria, Spittelauer Lände 5, Vienna, Austria; Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Avda. Américo Vespucio s/n Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla, Spain; ISPRA, Inst. for Environmental Protection and Research and Chair IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group, Via Vitaliano Brancati 48, Rome, Italy; Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Environment Institute, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia	Hawkins, C.L., Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Darwin Building, UCL Gower Street, London, United Kingdom; Bacher, S., Department of Biology, Unit Ecology and Evolution, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, Fribourg, Switzerland; Essl, F., Division of Conservation Biology, Vegetation and Landscape Ecology, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna, Austria; Hulme, P.E., The Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, PO Box 84, Christchurch, New Zealand; Jeschke, J.M., Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 310, Berlin, Germany, Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 1-3, Berlin, Germany; Kühn, I., Department of Community Ecology, UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, Halle, Germany, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, Leipzig, Germany; Kumschick, S., Department of Botany and Zoology, Centre for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch National Botanical Gardens, Claremont, South Africa; Nentwig, W., Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland; Pergl, J., Department of Invasion Ecology, Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic; Pyšek, P., Department of Invasion Ecology, Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic, Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, Praha 2, Prague, Czech Republic; Rabitsch, W., Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Environment Agency Austria, Spittelauer Lände 5, Vienna, Austria; Richardson, D.M., Department of Botany and Zoology, Centre for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa; Vilà, M., Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Avda. Américo Vespucio s/n Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla, Spain; Wilson, J.R.U., Department of Botany and Zoology, Centre for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch National Botanical Gardens, Claremont, South Africa; Genovesi, P., ISPRA, Inst. for Environmental Protection and Research and Chair IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group, Via Vitaliano Brancati 48, Rome, Italy; Blackburn, T.M., Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Darwin Building, UCL Gower Street, London, United Kingdom, Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Environment Institute, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia	Recently, Blackburn et al. (2014) developed a simple, objective and transparent method for classifying alien taxa in terms of the magnitude of their detrimental environmental impacts in recipient areas. Here, we present a comprehensive framework and guidelines for implementing this method, which we term the Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa, or EICAT. We detail criteria for applying the EICAT scheme in a consistent and comparable fashion, prescribe the supporting information that should be supplied along with classifications, and describe the process for implementing the method. This comment aims to draw the attention of interested parties to the framework and guidelines, and to present them in their entirety in a location where they are freely accessible to any potential users. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.	Alien; Environment; Impact; IUCN	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84937805867	Impact of organisational culture on job stress and burnout in graded accommodation establishments in the free state province, South Africa	Kokt D., Ramarumo R.	2015	International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management	27	6	10.1108/IJCHM-03-2014-0100	Department of Hospitality Management, Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Kokt, D., Department of Hospitality Management, Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Ramarumo, R., Department of Hospitality Management, Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of organisational culture on job stress and burnout in graded accommodation establishments. The demanding nature of work in the hospitality industry (e.g. long hours and shift work) renders job stress and burnout, a persisting challenge for the industry. Employees that are constantly subjected to a challenging work environment may experience increased levels of job stress and burnout or even leave the industry entirely. The Free State province of South Africa has a well-established hospitality sector, and this investigation shows the extent to which job stress and burnout are mitigated by a favourable organisational culture. Design/methodology/approach – A structured questionnaire was administered to 46 graded accommodation establishments in the two main economic clusters (Bloemfontein and Clarens) of the Free State province of South Africa. The investigation was quantitative in nature and the robust competing values framework (CVF) was used as conceptual guide. Findings – The findings indicate that graded accommodation establishments had a predominantly Rational Culture, which points to strong external positioning and competitiveness. Correlation and regression analyses further confirmed that although the Rational Culture does have a mitigating effect on job stress and burnout, the values associated with the Group Culture and Developmental Culture exert an even stronger mitigating effect. Practical implications – Managers need to establish a flexible, employee-oriented work environment where employees are allowed to be innovative and entrepreneurial. Originality/value – Themain causes of job stress and burnout in accommodation establishments revolve around the intense customer focus of the industry and the subsequent performance expected from employees. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Burnout; Graded accommodation establishments; Hospitality industry; Organisational culture; South Africa; Stress	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84899709477	Impact of SPDC-Bomu manifold oil pipe explosion fire on crop yield and farm income in Gokana LGA, Rivers State, Nigeria	Weli V.E., Arokoyu S.B.	2014	Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology	7	14	None	Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Centre for Disaster Risk Management, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Weli, V.E., Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Arokoyu, S.B., Centre for Disaster Risk Management, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Environmental degradation of the oil-rich Gokana Local government area has been wanton and continuous with dire health, social and economic consequences for its peoples, for over three decades. The study was based on the result of environmental impact studies conducted on the SPDC-Bomu manifold oil pipe explosion of 12th April, 2009 and its impact on agricultural production in K-dere, Deken, Kpor and Biara communities. Using a sample of 400 crop farmers drawn randomly from the 4 communities, the negative impact of hydrocarbon fire on crop production was accentuated. Hydrocarbon fire caused acid rain that reduced crop yield, land productivity and greatly depressed farm income as a 10 percentage increase in hydrocarbon fire reduced crop yield by 13% while farm income plummeted by 25.5%. In order to halt the continual degradation of the Niger Delta environment, the authors recommend enactment and enforcement of stringent environmental laws to protect the area as well as the implementation of policies to reduce the crushing level of poverty and guarantee a better livelihood for the people. © Maxwell Scientific Organization, 2014.	Hydrocarbon fire; Land productivity; Low crop yield; Natural resource degradation; Small-scale farmers	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84914678677	Remote sensing based drought monitoring in Zimbabwe	Mutowo G., Chikodzi D.	2014	Disaster Prevention and Management	23	5	10.1108/DPM-10-2013-0181	Department of Geography and Environmental Science, Great Zimbabwe University, Masvingo, Zimbabwe	Mutowo, G., Department of Geography and Environmental Science, Great Zimbabwe University, Masvingo, Zimbabwe; Chikodzi, D., Department of Geography and Environmental Science, Great Zimbabwe University, Masvingo, Zimbabwe	Purpose– Drought monitoring is an important process for national agricultural and environmental planning. Droughts are normal recurring climatic phenomena that affect people and landscapes. They occur at different scales (locally, regionally, and nationally), and for periods of time ranging from weeks to decades. In Zimbabwe drought is increasingly becoming an annual phenomenon, with varying parts of the country being affected. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the spatial variations in the seasonal occurrences of drought in Zimbabwe over a period of five years.Design/methodology/approach– The Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), which shows how close the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index of the current time is to the minimum Normalized Difference Vegetation Index calculated from the long-term record for that given time, was used to monitor drought occurrence in Zimbabwe. A time series of dekadal Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, calculated from SPOT images, was used to compute seasonal VCI maps from 2005 to 2010. The VCI maps were then classified into three drought severity classes (severe, moderate, and mild) based on the relative changes in the vegetation condition from extremely bad to optimal.Findings– The results showed that droughts occur annually in Zimbabwe though, on average, the droughts are mostly mild. The occurrence and the spatial distribution of drought in Zimbabwe was also found to be random affecting different places from season to season thus the authors conclude that most parts of the country are drought prone.Originality/value– Remote sensing technologies utilising such indices as the VCI can be used for drought monitoring in Zimbabwe. © 2014, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Drought monitoring; Droughts; Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; Remote sensing; Vegetation Condition Index; Zimbabwe	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939891939	Monitoring sustainable urban development using built-up area indicators: a case study of Stellenbosch, South Africa	Musakwa W., Van Niekerk A.	2015	Environment, Development and Sustainability	17	3	10.1007/s10668-014-9560-7	Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Stellenbosch University, Geology Building, Corner Rynveld and Merriman Street, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Department of Town and Regional Planning, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa; Centre for Geographic Analysis, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Musakwa, W., Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Stellenbosch University, Geology Building, Corner Rynveld and Merriman Street, Stellenbosch, South Africa, Department of Town and Regional Planning, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa; Van Niekerk, A., Centre for Geographic Analysis, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Rapid urbanisation in many developing countries causes land transformation from agricultural, rural, and natural landscapes into urban areas. Data to monitor this transformation are often out of date, unreliable, not in standard format, cumbersome and expensive to collect or simply unavailable. This inhibits local authorities and other stakeholders’ capacity to monitor and leverage resources towards sustainable urban development. This paper investigates the use of earth observation (EO) data for supporting sustainable urban development planning. The study demonstrates that EO adds value to sustainable urban development by providing area-wide and up-to-date thematic and geometric characterisation of the urban built-up area, which would be difficult to obtain from other data sources. This helps local planning authorities to monitor urban growth and sustainability, and facilitate evidence-based decision-making and an array of other practical uses. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.	Building density; Building height; Earth observation; Impervious surfaces; Sustainable urban development	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84919762330	Impact of training set size on object-based land cover classification: A comparison of three classifiers	Myburgh G., Van Niekerk A.	2014	International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research	5	3	10.4018/ijagr.2014070104	Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Myburgh, G., Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Van Niekerk, A., Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Supervised classifiers are commonly employed in remote sensing to extract land cover information, but various factors affect their accuracy. The number of available training samples, in particular, is known to have a significant impact on classification accuracies. Obtaining a sufficient number of samples is, however, not always practical. The support vector machine (SVM) is a supervised classifier known to perform well with limited training samples and has been compared favourably to other classifiers for various problems in pixel-based land cover classification. Very little research on training-sample size and classifier performance has been done in a geographical object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) environment. This paper compares the performance of SVM, nearest neighbour (NN) and maximum likelihood (ML) classifiers in a GEOBIA environment, with a focus on the influence of training-set size. Training-set sizes ranging from 4-20 per land cover class were tested. Classification tree analysis (CTA) was used for feature selection. The results indicate that the performance of all the classifiers improved significantly as the size of the training set increased. The ML classifier performed poorly when few (<10 per class) training samples were used and the NN classifier performed poorly compared to SVM throughout the experiment. SVM was the superior classifier for all training-set sizes although ML achieved competitive results for sets of 12 or more training areas per class. Copyright © 2014, IGI Global.	Geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA); Image classification; Land cover; Maximum likelihood (ML); Support vector machines (SVM)	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84898982768	Managing environmental impact of bouldering as a niche outdoor-climbing activity	Van der Merwe J.H., Joubert U.	2014	South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation	36	1	None	Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Van der Merwe, J.H., Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Joubert, U., Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa	The paper proposes a normative management instrument to help environmental managers in the field of outdoor recreation and conservation limit the impact of sport climbing, bouldering in particular, as an action-sport activity. Evidence of the rising popularity of the bouldering sport and its associated impacts on natural-resource areas is presented. The model is applied to and tested in the Rocklands bouldering area of South Africa to demonstrate its efficacy. The instrument uses 58 test criteria to account for the maintenance of a resource's market appeal and resource sensitivity by capturing these aspects at three spatial scales: the bouldering area as a whole, its sub-fields and the individual boulders. The model should aid conservation authorities, owners of private climbing areas and the organised climbing fraternity to ensure long-term sustainability of the use of climbing resources. The research concludes that the instrument provides the means to manage a natural resource sustainably within local and even international contexts.	Activity impacts; Bouldering; Management-model design and application; Nature-based tourism; Rocklands bouldering area	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84917674136	The impact of oil exploration and exploitation on water quality and vegetal resources in a rain forest ecosystem of nigeria	Mogborukor J.O.A.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	27	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n27p1678	Department of Geography and Regional Planning, Delta State University, P.M.B. 1, Abraka, Nigeria	Mogborukor, J.O.A., Department of Geography and Regional Planning, Delta State University, P.M.B. 1, Abraka, Nigeria	The oil industry in Nigeria is known to be as a source of revenue and foreign exchange earning to the economy. However, while the industry is perceived as an engine of growth, it is regarded as a mixed blessing to the country. This is as a result of distortions in the environment due to oil spillages and contamination of agricultural lands. Based on these problems, the paper examine the qualities of surface and well waters, bottom sediments, river banks soils and some species of plants in areas of oil exploitation and exploration. Samples of well and surface water, bottom sediments and riverbank soils were collected during the month of June and September 2013. These samples were sent to the laboratory for physio-chemical analysis. The result shows that the values of some samples in some locations were slightly higher than the WHO permissible level for portable water, the same was found in chemical parameters, indicating some level of pollution due to oil spillage. Riverbanks soil values were slightly higher than those of the bottom sediments. Of the twenty-four species of plants evaluated, twenty were impacted slightly due to absorption of toxic nutrients from spilled oil and four non-impacted by oil pollution. To ensure the restoration of the ecosystem, such preventive measures of regulating the activities of oil companies, checking pipe line vandalization, accidental discharge, pre and post-impact assessment by such oil companies should be carried out annually. Lastly, government should enforce pollution control measures and environmental friendly standards. © 2014, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All right reserved.	Ecosystem; Niger delta; Oil pollution; Swamp forest; Vegetal resources	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80955141040	Impacts of climatic change on underground-water resources development in benin-owena river basin edo state, Nigeria: Case study	Ikhile C.I., Olorode D.O.	2011	European Journal of Scientific Research	63	2	None	Department of Geography and Regional Planning, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria; Department of Physics, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria	Ikhile, C.I., Department of Geography and Regional Planning, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria; Olorode, D.O., Department of Physics, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria	Climatic change impacts on underground water resources development in Edo State were investigated using information on rainfall, temperature and evaporation of Benin City from (1961-2000) and information on borehole records of static and dynamic water levels in the different geological formations throughout Edo State. Results showed that in Benin City, temperature and evaporation have been on the increase during the past forty years while rainfall totals have been fluctuating in the downward trend. There has been a corresponding fluctuation in the static and dynamic water levels as well as the depth of aquifers in the different geological formations in Edo State. There is significant relationship between rainfall and temperature at 0.05, temperature and evaporation at 0.05 and rainfall, dynamic and static water levels and depth of aquifer at 0.0l. It was concluded that in the Benin-Owena River Basin, climate change has impacted on the hydrologic performance of the groundwater resources. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2011.	Climate change; Dynamic water levels; Geologic formations; Hydro -geological processes	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84928783696	Mapping impacts of crude oil theft and illegal refineries on mangrove of the niger delta of Nigeria with remote sensing technology	Toju Francis B.	2015	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	6	3	10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3p150	Department of Geography and Regional Planning, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria	Toju Francis, B., Department of Geography and Regional Planning, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria	Niger Delta is the oil rich region of Nigeria where extensive mangrove form one of the most important ecosystems of coastal and marine areas. It is a fragile ecosystem rich in biodiversity. The mangrove is exposed to the activities of crude oil bunkering and illegal refinery. This study aims at mapping the impacts of the crude oil theft and illegal refineries on the creeks and mangroves of the Niger Delta.Worldview-2 2013 satellite image was processed using supervised classification methods and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Oil on the waterways covering estimated area of 9.2 km2 and stressed mangrove vegetation covering estimated area of 37.6 km2 were detected. Result of NDVI shows positive correlation with photosynthetic activities as areas with stressed vegetation around the illegal refineries had low vegetation index of-0.39 while areas with healthier vegetation had higher index of 0.55. Since illegal refineries and crude oil theft is rampant in the region, the paper recommends a regional study of the state of the mangrove in the Niger Delta. © 2015, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Bunkering; Environmental sensitivity index; Mangrove recovery; Remediation; Sabotage	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947933263	The impact of flood disasters on child education in Muzarabani District, Zimbabwe	Mudavanhu C.	2015	Jamba: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies	6	1	10.4102/jamba.v6i1.138	Department of Geography, Bindura University of Science Education, Private Bag 1020, Zimbabwe	Mudavanhu, C., Department of Geography, Bindura University of Science Education, Private Bag 1020, Zimbabwe	The increase in flood intensity and frequency poses a threat to community infrastructure and affects the total well-being of children in regard to: access to food, health, school attendance, access to clean water and sanitation, physical and social security. Using both qualitative and quantitative data, this article provided an overview of flood disasters and their potential effects on children's access to quality education in Zimbabwe. The purpose of the study was to analyse school children's specific vulnerabilities to flood disasters that need to be taken into account in policy development. Research indicated that floods cause loss of learning hours, loss of qualified personnel, outbreak of waterborne diseases, high absenteeism and low syllabus coverage leading to children's poor academic performance. Children noted a range of experiences, from food insecurity to being withdrawn from school and sometimes forced into early marriages. These challenges compromise children's rights and access to quality education. This article therefore recommended that a culture of safety be promoted through disaster education, development of good road networks and enforcement of building codes during construction of school infrastructure. Findings also supported the need for adaptation strategies to ensure that the risks specific to school children are addressed. © 2014. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894311378	Impact of Mascarene High variability on the East African 'short rains'	Manatsa D., Morioka Y., Behera S.K., Matarira C.H., Yamagata T.	2014	Climate Dynamics	42	42496	10.1007/s00382-013-1848-z	Department of Geography, Bindura University of Science, Bindura, Zimbabwe; Department of Ocean Technology, Policy, and Environment, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Research Institute for Global Change, JAMSTEC, Yokohama, Japan; International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), 34151 Trieste, Italy	Manatsa, D., Department of Geography, Bindura University of Science, Bindura, Zimbabwe, Department of Ocean Technology, Policy, and Environment, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, Research Institute for Global Change, JAMSTEC, Yokohama, Japan, International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), 34151 Trieste, Italy; Morioka, Y., Research Institute for Global Change, JAMSTEC, Yokohama, Japan; Behera, S.K., Department of Ocean Technology, Policy, and Environment, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, Research Institute for Global Change, JAMSTEC, Yokohama, Japan; Matarira, C.H., Department of Geography, Bindura University of Science, Bindura, Zimbabwe; Yamagata, T., Research Institute for Global Change, JAMSTEC, Yokohama, Japan	The interannual variability of East African 'short rains' (EASR) and its link with the Mascarene High (MH) variation are explored, using observations and reanalysis data. Correlation and composite analyses for flood and drought events reveal that the EASR variability is strongly linked to the MH zonal displacement, in particular, the zonal movement of the MH eastern ridge. When the MH eastern ridge is anomalously displaced to the west (east) of its normal position, the south east (SE) trade winds over the South Indian Ocean (SIO) anomalously strengthen (weaken). This enhances (reduces) the relatively cool and dry SE trade winds and induces cold (warm) sea surface temperature anomaly in the SIO. As a result, convection over the western equatorial SIO is suppressed (enhanced) and leads to rainfall deficits (excess) over East Africa. Droughts in East Africa are associated with a westward migration of the MH eastern ridge, while the relationship is less clear for flood events and their link to an eastward migration of the MH. Therefore, the zonal migration of the MH eastern ridge provides a novel indicator for the EASR extremes especially droughts. This revelation has immense social application for rainfall forecast over East Africa where rainfall deficits have become more prevalent against the background of deteriorating conventional forecasts for EASR droughts. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.	Droughts; East Africa 'short rains'; Mascarene High eastern ridge; South East trade winds; South Indian Ocean	None	JSPS, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science London
Scopus	2-s2.0-82055184896	Spatial distribution and performance of water pumps in the rural areas of kaduna state, Nigeria; before the second republic	Ifabiyi I.P.	2011	European Journal of Social Sciences	26	1	None	Department of Geography, Faculty of Business and Social Sciences, P.M.B.1515, Ilorin, Nigeria	Ifabiyi, I.P., Department of Geography, Faculty of Business and Social Sciences, P.M.B.1515, Ilorin, Nigeria	Health status and personal hygiene within the rural area has been a major source of concern particularly in the developing countries. This paper revealed the extent of spatial inequalities in the level of efficiency of water supply in the rural area of Kaduna state, Nigeria. Statistical graphs, location quotient, Z-Score and the t-test for small sample statistic were employed in the analyses. Results show high level of inequalities in the distribution pattern of boreholes; as some local government areas have more than their fair share. Furthermore, 67.7% of the total boreholes are not functioning. Indeed only 19.8% of the motorize pumps were functioning, while 36.3% of the hand pumps were functioning. The ratio of people to government boreholes is ridiculous ranging from 2,211 to 30,907 people. The study further identified that the problems facing the water points include the mechanical problems, well collapse and blockage, leakages of tanks and rising pipes to problem of vandalization. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2011.	Efficiency; Hand pump; Location quotient; Motorized pump	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84857293258	Traffic congestion: Modelling its economic impact on petroleum products distribution in a metropolis	Nwalozie G.K., Oni S.I., Ege E.E., Onuoha D.I., Oke S.A., Asenime C.	2011	International Journal of Applied Management Science	3	2	10.1504/IJAMS.2011.040233	Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Federal University of Technology, C/o Head of Department's Office, Ihiagwa, Owerri PMB 1526, Owerri, Imo	Nwalozie, G.K., Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria; Oni, S.I., Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria; Ege, E.E., Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria; Onuoha, D.I., Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Federal University of Technology, C/o Head of Department's Office, Ihiagwa, Owerri PMB 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Oke, S.A., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Lagos, Room 10, Mezzanine Complex, Lagos, Nigeria; Asenime, C., Department of Transport Policy and Planning, School of Transport, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos State, Nigeria	This paper considers the financial implications of the traffic congestion problem in the distribution of petroleum products in a Nigerian metropolis. Data relating to truck movements, their servicing costs and other parameters that are connected with traffic congestion are collected and analysed using SPSS. The regression models that describe the differences in expenditure and variation in incomes from the use of the trucks are established. In terms of monetary losses, about $99.7 per truck per year were lost owing to traffic congestion as part of the fleet maintenance cost, which was not budgeted for and about $1,559.1 in deficit of the budgeted income per truck per year (deficit in income). Thus, the transportation haulage industry loses substantial money due to traffic congestion on an annual basis. Information in this work could be utilised for performance improvement purpose when performance targets/reward schemes are set and monitored for cost saving activities due to traffic congestion. © 2011 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Delays; Lagos; Tanker drivers; TAT; Traffic congestion; Trucks; Turn around time	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84899515963	Evaluation of the variability in runoff and sediment loss in successional fallow vegetation of Southern Nigeria	Iwara A.I.	2014	Soil and Water Research	9	2	None	Department of Geography, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Iwara, A.I., Department of Geography, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	The effects of three different ages of natural fallow vegetation on runoff and sediment loss were investigated in a part of the rainforest zone of Nigeria. Measurements of runoff amount and sediment loss were made for the months of March to November in 2012 rainy season using runoff plots of 40 m2. The average runoff amount for the 5-year-old, 3-year-old, and farmland plots were 0.47, 0.26, and 0.41 mm respectively. The average sediment loss on the 5-year-old, 3-year-old, and farmland plots were 209.24, 50.54, and 124.68 kg/ha, respectively. The lowest losses for both runoff and sediment were recorded on the 3-year-old plot, while the 5-year-old plot experienced the highest losses. The variations in runoff and sediment loss among the treatments were significant at P &gt; 0.001. The results evidently showed that rainfall was principally responsible for the erosional losses on all the fallow treatments, and that ground cover (density of herbs) and girth helped to reduce sediment loss on the 3-year-old and farmland surfaces, respectively. The high amount of erosional losses experienced on the 5-yearold fallow than on the 3-year-old fallow and farmland plots imply that fallow that is not adequately protected by ground cover experiences accelerated soil erosion. The continuous loss in topsoil rich in plant nutrients may prolong the optimal capacity of the soil to regain its loss nutrient for subsequent food crop cultivation.	Erosional losses; Rainfall; Soil erosion; Vegetation components; Vegetation fallows	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78449276319	Impact of reforestation in a part of degrading natural ecological system of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria	Oriola E.O., Ifabiyi I.P., Hammed A.T.	2010	African Journal of Agricultural Research	5	20	None	Department of Geography, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Park and Garden Unit, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	Oriola, E.O., Department of Geography, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Ifabiyi, I.P., Department of Geography, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Hammed, A.T., Park and Garden Unit, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	This paper examines the response of soils in degraded land to reforestation in Ilorin region. A total of 16 soil samples were systematically collected from two quadrats of 25 × 25 m in each of reforested and deforested sites respectively. Standard laboratory techniques were used to test 8 soil fertility indices on each of the landscapes. Coefficient of variation was used to establish variability or otherwise within the data set. Student's 't' test was used to determine the significance of difference of the sample means of forested and deforested soil parameters. The result of the laboratory test revealed that vegetation cover affects the soil properties. Generally, the physical properties of the soil in this area are homogenous but variations exist in the chemical properties which fundamentally determine soil fertility. At the end, the conclusion was that fertility status of the soil increased under forest cover. It is therefore important for the government to provide adequate awareness and educate the people on reforestation of degraded land and land use and soil properties because they tend to affect each other. Government at local, state and federal levels should intensify effort on afforestation projects and replacement of trees when cut. Forest funding for afforestation has to shift from public to private to enhance community participation and their mobilization for forest conservation and sustainable forest resources and environmental development. © 2010 Academic Journals.	Afforestation; Deforestation; Soil fertility status; Soil properties; Trees	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84862095726	Indigenous land evaluation in the Yoruba speaking area of Kwara State, Nigeria	Ajibade L.T.	2008	Tropical Agriculture	85	3	None	Department of Geography, University, of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	Ajibade, L.T., Department of Geography, University, of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	In order to understand the indigenous methods of land evaluation, to comprehend the underlying factors of this evaluation and determine the farmers' strategies of land management, a study was conducted in the Yoruba speaking area of Kwara State, Nigeria. One hundred and twenty-five farmers were interacted with through interviewing and participant observation techniques. The study reveals that the Yoruba speaking farmers of Kwara State evaluate their land for agricultural purposes based on soil characteristics and other land factors such as slope and vegetal cover. In other words, soil classification is taken for land evaluation. Thus, in classifying their soils of the area, colour, stoniness, water content, fertility, slope and acidity are the major criteria used by the farmers. The soil characteristics were combined with the agronomic requirements of each crop, to determine the suitability of the land for a particular crop. The study also identifies the determinants and limitations of these criteria.	Indigenous land evaluation; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34250625648	The Lake Bosumtwi impact structure in Ghana: A brief environmental assessment and discussion of ecotourism potential	Boamah D., Koeberl C.	2007	Meteoritics and Planetary Science	42	42465	None	Department of Geological Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Geological Survey Department, P.O. Box M80, Accra, Ghana	Boamah, D., Department of Geological Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Geological Survey Department, P.O. Box M80, Accra, Ghana; Koeberl, C., Department of Geological Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria	Lake Bosumtwi is a natural inland freshwater lake that originated from a meteorite impact. The lake is becoming a popular tourist attraction in Ghana and has the potential to be developed as an ecotourism site in the future. However, there have been some unregulated human activities and unplanned infrastructure development, and there are increased levels of pollutants in the lake water. In order to make ecotourism at Lake Bosumtwi successful in the long term, the Lake Bosumtwi Development Committee has been formed to ensure that local people are empowered to mobilize their own capacities. It has been realized that an important criterion required to develop ecotourism in a socially responsible, economically efficient, and environmentally viable way is to foster a constructive dialogue between the local people and tourists about the needs of the indigenous people. © The Meteoritical Society, 2007. Printed in USA.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880159710	Testing the ureilite projectile hypothesis for the El'gygytgyn impact: Determination of siderophile element abundances and Os isotope ratios in ICDP drill core samples and melt rocks	Goderis S., Wittmann A., Zaiss J., Elburg M., Ravizza G., Vanhaecke F., Deutsch A., Claeys P.	2013	Meteoritics and Planetary Science	48	7	10.1111/maps.12047	Department of Geology, Earth System Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, BE-1050, Belgium; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S12, Ghent, BE-9000, Belgium; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University St. Louis, Campus Box 1169, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, 63130-4899, United States; Lunar and Planetary Institute, 3600 Bay Area Blvd., Houston, TX, 77058, United States; Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States; Department of Geology and Soil Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S8, Ghent, BE-9000, Belgium; School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Institut für Planetologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, Münster, D-48149, Germany	Goderis, S., Department of Geology, Earth System Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, BE-1050, Belgium, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S12, Ghent, BE-9000, Belgium; Wittmann, A., Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University St. Louis, Campus Box 1169, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, 63130-4899, United States, Lunar and Planetary Institute, 3600 Bay Area Blvd., Houston, TX, 77058, United States; Zaiss, J., Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States; Elburg, M., Department of Geology and Soil Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S8, Ghent, BE-9000, Belgium, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Ravizza, G., Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States; Vanhaecke, F., Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S12, Ghent, BE-9000, Belgium; Deutsch, A., Institut für Planetologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, Münster, D-48149, Germany; Claeys, P., Department of Geology, Earth System Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, BE-1050, Belgium	The geochemical nature of the impactites from International Continental Scientific Drilling Project-El'gygytgyn lake drill core 1C is compared with that of impact melt rock fragments collected near the western rim of the structure and literature data. Concentrations of major and trace elements, with special focus on siderophile metals Cr, Co, Ni, and the platinum group elements, and isotope ratios of osmium (Os), were determined to test the hypothesis of an ureilite impactor at El'gygytgyn. Least squares mixing calculations suggest that the upper volcanic succession of rhyolites, dacites, and andesites were the main contributors to the polymict impact breccias. Additions of 2-13.5 vol% of basaltic inclusions recovered from drill core intervals between 391.6 and 423.0 mblf can almost entirely account for the compositional differences observed for the bottom of a reworked fallout deposit at 318.9 mblf, a polymict impact breccia at 471.4 mblf, and three impact melt rock fragments. However, the measured Os isotope ratios and slightly elevated PGE content (up to 0.262 ng g-1 Ir) of certain impactite samples, for which the CI-normalized logarithmic PGE signature displays a relatively flat (i.e., chondritic) pattern, can only be explained by the incorporation of a small meteoritic contribution. This component is also required to explain the exceptionally high siderophile element contents and corresponding Ni/Cr, Ni/Co, and Cr/Co ratios of impact glass spherules and spherule fragments that were recovered from the reworked fallout deposits and from terrace outcrops of the Enmyvaam River approximately 10 km southeast of the crater center. Mixing calculations support the presence of approximately 0.05 wt% and 0.50-18 wt% of ordinary chondrite (possibly type-LL) in several impactites and in the glassy spherules, respectively. The heterogeneous distribution of the meteoritic component provides clues for emplacement mechanisms of the various impactite units. © The Meteoritical Society, 2013.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-42549097736	Creating an African Riviera: Revisiting the Impact of the Victoria and Alfred Waterfront Development in Cape Town	Ferreira S., Visser G.	2007	Urban Forum	18	3	10.1007/s12132-007-9008-3	Department of Geology, Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Department of Geography, University of Free States, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa	Ferreira, S., Department of Geology, Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Visser, G., Department of Geography, University of Free States, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa	The use of leisure and tourism to re-image and redevelop cities has been interpreted as a mechanism for attracting capital and people. In a period of intense inter-place competition and urban entrepreneurialism, whole built environments become centerpieces of urban spectacle and display. Waterfront developments have become emblematic in this regard. Over the past two decades the redevelopment of the Victoria and Alfred Waterfront (V&AW) in Cape Town has been transformed from 'port' to 'playground' and is internationally acknowledged as one of the most successful of these developments. This redevelopment has, as has been the case with numerous other waterfront developments, not been uncontroversial. New tensions and conflicts have arisen over the use, meaning, and ownership of this space. The acquisition of the waterfront by a consortium of London- and Dubai-based property developers in 2006 has renewed concerns about the 'plasticization' of the waterfront and signals the symbolic start of a new phase in this waterfront's development trajectory. The paper tracks the development of the V&AW since its inception in the late 1980s and argues that general critiques of waterfront developments sit uneasily in the Cape Town context. It is also suggested that these developments can fulfil a very significant and positive role for developing world cities. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.	Cape Town; South Africa; Urban regeneration; Urban renewal; V&A Waterfront	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-61449209745	The combined impact of mine drainage in the Ankobra River Basin, SW Ghana	Akabzaa T.M., Jamieson H.E., Jorgenson N., Nyame K.	2009	Mine Water and the Environment	28	1	10.1007/s10230-008-0057-1	Department of Geology, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana; Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; Department of Geology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark	Akabzaa, T.M., Department of Geology, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana; Jamieson, H.E., Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; Jorgenson, N., Department of Geology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Nyame, K., Department of Geology, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana	This study assessed the combined effects of seven large-scale gold mines, one manganese mine, and scattered artisanal gold mining sites on the quality of water in the Ankobra Basin in a geologically complex terrain. Water samples from streams, boreholes, hand dug wells, and mine spoil were analysed. Scatter plots of trends among measured parameters were used to assess drainage quality and differential impacts. Drainage quality exhibits wide seasonal and spatial variations; the geology strongly influences the water chemistry. Areas with low pH (&lt;5.5), and high sulphate ions and trace ions are suggestive of acid mine drainage while sites with high pH (&gt;7.5), HCO3 -, subdued SO4 2-, and high trace ions are suggestive of sites where acid neutralization is effective. High metal sources are largely confined to mining operations in the Birimian formation with ores containing more than 2% sulphides. However, restricted high metal regimes are observed in drainage in the Tarkwaian formation associated with scatted sulphide-bearing dolerite dykes in the operational areas of the Tarkwa and Damang mines. Earlier studies disputed sulphides in the Tarkwaian formation until recently, when acid-generating dykes were discovered in operating pits. The most degraded waters emanate from the Prestea and Iduapriem mines, and to a lesser extent, the Nsuta mine sites, all mining Birimian rocks. The Tarkwa mine showed minimal metal loading. Zn, Cu, Ni, As, SO4, pH, and specific conductance are essential and adequate parameters in determining if acid drainage is taking place at these sites, and are recommended for routine mine environmental monitoring.	Ankobra River; Drainage; Ghana; Mine; Water	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-52949113488	Structural evolution of the 40 km wide Araguainha impact structure, central Brazil	Lana C., Filho C.R.S., Marangoni Y.R., Yokoyama E., Trindade R.I.F., Tohver E., Reimold W.U.	2008	Meteoritics and Planetary Science	43	4	None	Department of Geology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag XI, Matieland 7620, South Africa; Departamento de Geologia e Recursos Naturais, Instituto de Geociencias, UNICAMP, 13083-970, Brazil; Instituto de Astronomia, Geofisica e Ciencias Atmosfericas, USP Rua do Matao, 1226, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil; Tectonics Special Research Center, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; Museum for Natural History (Mineralogy), Humboldt University, Invalidenstrasse 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany	Lana, C., Department of Geology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag XI, Matieland 7620, South Africa; Filho, C.R.S., Departamento de Geologia e Recursos Naturais, Instituto de Geociencias, UNICAMP, 13083-970, Brazil; Marangoni, Y.R., Instituto de Astronomia, Geofisica e Ciencias Atmosfericas, USP Rua do Matao, 1226, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil; Yokoyama, E., Instituto de Astronomia, Geofisica e Ciencias Atmosfericas, USP Rua do Matao, 1226, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil; Trindade, R.I.F., Instituto de Astronomia, Geofisica e Ciencias Atmosfericas, USP Rua do Matao, 1226, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil; Tohver, E., Tectonics Special Research Center, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; Reimold, W.U., Museum for Natural History (Mineralogy), Humboldt University, Invalidenstrasse 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany	The 40 km wide Araguainha structure in central Brazil is a shallowly eroded impact crater that presents unique insights into the final stages of complex crater formation. The dominant structural features preserved at Araguainha relate directly to the centripetal movement of the target rocks during the collapse of the transient cavity. Slumping of the transient cavity walls resulted in inward-verging inclined folds and a km-scale anticline in the outer ring of the structure. The folding stage was followed by radial and concentric faulting, with downward displacement of kilometer-scale blocks around the crater rim. The central uplift records evidence for km-scale upward movement of crystalline basement rocks from the transient cavity floor, and lateral moment of sedimentary target rocks detached from the cavity walls. Much of the structural grain in the central uplift relates to structural stacking of km-scale thrust sheets of sedimentary strata onto the core of crystalline basement rocks. Outward-plunging radial folds indicate tangential oblate shortening of the strata during the imbrication of the thrust sheets. Each individual sheet records an early stage of folding and thickening due to non-coaxial strains, shortly before sheet imbrication. We attribute this folding and thickening phase to the kilometer-scale inward movement of the target strata from the transient cavity walls to the central uplift. The outer parts of the central uplift record additional outward movement of the target rocks, possibly related to the collapse of the central uplift. An inner ring structure at 10-12 km from the crater center marks the extent of the deformation related to the outward movement of the target rocks. © The Meteoritical Society, 2008.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-81755161582	Groundwater potential evaluation using surface geophysics at Oru-Imope, South-Western Nigeria	Oyedele K.F., Ogagarue D.O., Esse O.	2011	European Journal of Scientific Research	63	4	None	Department of Geosciences, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Earth Sciences, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurum, Delta, Nigeria	Oyedele, K.F., Department of Geosciences, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Ogagarue, D.O., Department of Earth Sciences, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurum, Delta, Nigeria; Esse, O., Department of Geosciences, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria	The application of Electrical resistivity technique in the evaluation of groundwater potential and aquifer protective capacity at Oru-Imope, Ogun state, Nigeria, using Schlumberger electrode array has revealed the occurrence of substantial amount of water in the weathered rock (consisting of sand). The resistivity of the weathered layers range from 88.6 to 251.1m.The clay content of the overburden is low and this informed the high groundwater potential rating of the area. It was observed that over 85% of the study area show high groundwater potential rating while the remaining 15% show medium groundwater potential rating. On the other hand, the total longitudinal conductance in the study area varies between 0.07 and 0.18mhos indicating poor to weak protective capacity owing to the high content of sand in the overburden layer. The depths to potential aquifer range from 5 to over 20m. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2011.	Aquifer; Geo-electric section; Longitudinal conductance; Weathered basement	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84555189394	The Central Governor Model in 2012: Eight new papers deepen our understanding of the regulation of human exercise performance	Noakes T.D.	2012	British Journal of Sports Medicine	46	1	10.1136/bjsports-2011-090811	Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Newlands 7725, South Africa	Noakes, T.D., Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Newlands 7725, South Africa	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904965186	'By seeing with our own eyes, it can remain in our mind': Qualitative evaluation findings suggest the ability of participatory video to reduce gender-based violence in conflict-affected settings	Gurman T.A., Trappler R.M., Acosta A., McCray P.A., Cooper C.M., Goodsmith L.	2014	Health Education Research	29	4	10.1093/her/cyu018	Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, 950 New Hampshire Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20052, United States; American Refugee Committee, 1320 19th Street NW, Washington, DC 20036, United States; American Refugee Committee, International Uganda Program, P.O Box 7868, Kampala, Uganda; Communication for Change, 423 Atlantic Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11217, United States	Gurman, T.A., Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, 950 New Hampshire Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20052, United States; Trappler, R.M., Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, 950 New Hampshire Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20052, United States; Acosta, A., American Refugee Committee, 1320 19th Street NW, Washington, DC 20036, United States; McCray, P.A., American Refugee Committee, International Uganda Program, P.O Box 7868, Kampala, Uganda; Cooper, C.M., American Refugee Committee, 1320 19th Street NW, Washington, DC 20036, United States; Goodsmith, L., Communication for Change, 423 Atlantic Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11217, United States	Gender-based violence is pervasive and poses unique challenges in conflict-affected settings, with women and girls particularly vulnerable to its sequelae. Furthermore, widespread stigmatization of gender-based violence promotes silence among survivors and families, inhibiting access to services. Little evidence exists regarding effective gender-based violence prevention interventions in these settings. Through Our Eyes, a multi-year participatory video project, addressed gender-based violence by stimulating community dialogue and action in post-conflict settings in South Sudan, Uganda, Thailand, Liberia and Rwanda. The present qualitative analysis of project evaluation data included transcripts from 18 focus group discussions (n = 125) and key informant interviews (n = 76). Study participants included project team members, representatives from partner agencies, service providers and community members who either participated in video production or attended video screenings. Study findings revealed that the video project contributed to a growing awareness of women's rights and gender equality. The community dialogue helped to begin dismantling the culture of silence gender-based violence, encouraging survivors to access health and law enforcement services. Furthermore, both men and women reported attitude and behavioral changes related to topics such as wife beating, gender-based violence reporting and girls' education. Health education professionals should employ participatory video to address gender-based violence within conflict-affected settings. © 2014 The Author.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84857393680	Bacteriological evaluation of some sachet water on sales in Owerri metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria	Mgbakor C., Ojiegbe G.C., Okonko I.O., Odu N.N., Alli J.A., Nwanze J.C., Onoh C.C.	2011	Malaysian Journal of Microbiology	7	4	None	Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Imo State University, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Department of Microbiology, University of Port Harcou	Mgbakor, C., Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Ojiegbe, G.C., Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Imo State University, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Okonko, I.O., Department of Microbiology, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, P.M.B 5323 Port Harcourt, River State, Nigeria; Odu, N.N., Department of Microbiology, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, P.M.B 5323 Port Harcourt, River State, Nigeria; Alli, J.A., Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Nwanze, J.C., Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Igbinedion University, Okada, Edo State, Nigeria; Onoh, C.C., Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Igbinedion University, Okada, Edo State, Nigeria	Aims: Continuous increase in the sale and indiscriminate consumption of packaged drinking waters in Nigeria is of public health significance. In order to safe guard public health, it is essential that the available packaged water is of the highest quality. This study was carried out to evaluate the bacteriological quality of packaged water on sale in Owerri metropolis, Imo State of Nigeria. Methodology and Results: From 30 registered sachet water factories, 8 samples each was purchased randomly fifteen of the brands of sachet water all over Owerri metropolis in Imo State, Southeastern Nigeria. These were analyzed for presence of bacterial indicators of water quality. Four weeks later, a second batch of the samples was collected from other brands. A mean plate counts was taken and the organisms from each water sample identified using standard procedures. The results showed that 11 (73.3%) sachet water brands had growths of pathogenic organisms in the first batch while 10 (66.6%) had growth in the second batch. The isolates were identified to be Klebsilla spp., Serratia spp., Proteus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Chromobacterium spp. The study showed that Klebsiella pneumoniae [7(29.2%)] was the most predominant. This was closely followed by Serratia spp. [6(25.0%)] and Proteus mirabilis [6(25.0%)]. Pseudomonas aeruginosa [3(12.5%)] and Chromobacterium spp. [2(8.3%)] was least predominant. Mean total heterotrophic bacteria plate counts (HPC) per millilitre ranged from 0.0 to 6.0 x 10 2 CFU/mL at 22 °C and 0.0 to 7.0 x 10 2 CFU/mL at 37 °C (first batch) and 0.0 to 5.0 x 10 2 CFU/mL at 22 °C and 0.0 to 10.0 x 10 2 CFU/mL at 37 °C for the second batch. Thus they fell below the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water standard of 100 HPC per millilitre of water. Bacteriological examination of different brands of sachet water samples collected from different locations showed that only Vince water and Akudo table water was found to be safe for drinking while the other brands of sachet water from mobile vendors in Owerri metropolis was not potable. Conclusion, Significance and Impact of study: Hence, the bacteriological quality of some of the brands of sachet water on sale in Owerri was of poor quality index. The study suggests that sachet water could be a route of transmission of enteric pathogens among the populace. In order to safe guard public health, highest quality brands of sachet water is therefore advocated.	Bacteriological quality; Drinking water; Evaluation; Owerri metropolis; Sachet water; Southeastern nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874246015	The impact of HIV-1 infection and exposure on natural killer (NK) cell phenotype in kenyan infants during the first year of life	Slyker J.A., Lohman-Payne B., John-Stewart G.C., Dong T., Mbori-Ngacha D., Tapia K., Atzberger A., Taylor S., Rowland-Jones S.L., Blish C.A.	2012	Frontiers in Immunology	3	DEC	10.3389/fimmu.2012.00399	Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom; Computational Biology Research Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine and Stanford Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States; United Nations Children's Fund, Merafe House, 11 Naivasha Rd, Sunninghill Private Bag X44, Sunninghill 2157, South Africa; Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom	Slyker, J.A., Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom; Lohman-Payne, B., Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya; John-Stewart, G.C., Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, Department of Epidemiology and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Dong, T., MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom; Mbori-Ngacha, D., Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, United Nations Children's Fund, Merafe House, 11 Naivasha Rd, Sunninghill Private Bag X44, Sunninghill 2157, South Africa; Tapia, K., Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Atzberger, A., MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; Taylor, S., Computational Biology Research Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom; Rowland-Jones, S.L., MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom, Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Blish, C.A., Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, Department of Medicine and Stanford Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States	Natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in the containment of HIV replication during primary infection, though their functions are impaired during chronic HIV infection. Infants experience more rapid HIV disease progression than adults, but contributions of infant NK cells to containing HIV infection are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of HIV infection on infant NK cell phenotype by evaluating samples and data from a cohort study of women and their infants, conducted in Nairobi, Kenya between 1999 and 2003. The percentage and phenotype of NK cells was evaluated longitudinally by multi-parameter flow cytometry over the first year of life in HIV-infected (HIV+, = 16), HIV-exposed uninfected (HIV-EU, n = 6), and healthy unexposed controls (HIV-, n = 4). At birth, NK subset distributions based on expression of CD56 and CD16 did not differ between HIV+, HIV-EU, or HIV- infants. However, HIV infection was associated with a subsequent decline in NK cells as a percentage of total lymphocytes (p &lt; 0.001), and an expanding proportion of CD56-CD16+ NK cells (p &lt; 0.001). Activated CD38brightCD69+ NK cells were more frequent in the HIV+ infants, followed by HIV-EU and HIV- infants, in both CD56dim (p = 0.005) and CD56bright compartments (p = 0.03). HIV infection and exposure was also associated with a significant decline in the percentage of perforin-expressing NK cells in the CD56dim compartment over the first year of life, with HIV+ infants losing approximately 2.5% (p &lt; 0.001) and HIV-EU infants losing 3.0% (p=0.01) of perforin+ cells per month. Thus, infant HIV infection is associated with alterations in NK cell subsets, activation, and cytolytic potential that could contribute to their poor control over HIV infection. Furthermore, exposure to HIV infection in infants who escaped infection is also associated with alterations in NK cells that may contribute to the reduced ability to fight infections that is observed in HIV-EU infants. © 2012 Slyker, Lohman-Payne, John-Stewart, Dong, Mbori-Ngacha, Tapia, Atzberger, Taylor, Rowland-Jones and Blish.	Age; Cord blood; Exposure; HIV-1; Immune activation; Infancy; Mother-to-child transmission; NK cell	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908260975	The elaboration and empirical evaluation of the de Goede learning potential structural model	Van Heerden S., Theron C.	2014	South African Journal of Business Management	45	3	None	Department of Industrial Psychology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa	Van Heerden, S., Department of Industrial Psychology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa; Theron, C., Department of Industrial Psychology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa	As a direct result of having segregated amenities and public services during the Apartheid era where Black individuals were provided with services inferior to those of White individuals, the country is currently challenged by serious and a debilitating skills shortage across most industry sectors, high unemployment and poverty rates, and inequality in terms of income distribution as well as in terms of racial representation in the workforce. These challenges are the consequence of a larger problem that knowledge, skills and abilities are not uniformly distributed across all races. In the past, and still now, White South Africans had greater access to skills development and educational opportunities. It is this fundamental inequality that has to be addressed. It is argued that skills development - specifically affirmative action skills development should form part of the solution. A need therefore exists to identify the individuals who would gain maximum benefit from such affirmative action skills development opportunities and to create the conditions that would optimise learning performance. To achieve this, an understanding is required of the complex nomological network of latent variables that determine learning performance. De Goede (2007) proposed and tested a learning potential structural model based on the work of Taylor (1994). The primary objective of this study was to expand on De Goede's (2007) learning potential structural model in order to gain a deeper understanding of the complexity underlying learning performance. A subset of the hypothesised expanded learning potential structural model was empirically evaluated. The first analysis of the structural model failed to produce a good fit to the data. The model was subsequently modified by both adding additional paths and by removing insignificant paths. The final revised structural model was found to fit the data well. All paths contained in the final model were empirically corroborated. The practical implications of the learning potential structural model on HR and organisations are discussed. Suggestions for future research are made by indicating how the model can be further elaborated. The limitations of the study are also discussed.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892595113	Classroom activities as measure of academic performance of senior secondary school students in core science subjects	Omodara M.F., Kolawole E.B., Oluwatayo J.A.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	1	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n1p209	Department of Guidance and Counseling, University Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria; Institute of Education, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	Omodara, M.F., Department of Guidance and Counseling, University Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria; Kolawole, E.B., Institute of Education, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Oluwatayo, J.A., Institute of Education, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	The study investigated classroom activities as measure of academic performance of senior secondary school students in core science subjects. Participants were 54 science teachers and 1,620 SS2 students selected from the Schools across the 16 local Government Areas of Ekiti State using purposive and stratified random sampling techniques. Data were collected using a 28- item interaction schedule and achievement tests in biology, chemistry and physics constructed and administered by the Ekiti State Ministry of Education. The data collected were analyzed using correlation and regression analyses. The findings revealed that there existed significant relationship between students' participation in class lessons and their academic performance, the relationship between the teachers activities in science lessons and the students' Academic performance was significant, positive and very high. The classroom activities in science lessons accounted for 94.5% of the variability in students' academic performance.	Observation; Participation and academic performance; Science activities	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892568639	Personality characteristics as predictors of academic performance of secondary school students	Akomolafe M.J.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	2	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n2p657	Department of Guidance and Counselling, Adekunle Ajasin University, P.M.B 001, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria	Akomolafe, M.J., Department of Guidance and Counselling, Adekunle Ajasin University, P.M.B 001, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria	The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of personality characteristics to academic performance of secondary school students. The correlational type of descriptive reseach design was used for the study. Three hundred and ninety eight students constituted the study's sample. Both the independent and dependent variables were measured with relevant standardized instruments. Two research questions were answered in the study. Findings showed that personality dimentions jointly and relatively predicted academic performance except neuroticism. The findings imply that teachers should construct learning environments that take into consideration students' individual differences and strengths. Appropriate counselling interventions should be used to assist students experiencing worry, anxiety, frustration and stress to deal with their concerns.	Academic performance; Big Five; Personality; Personality characteristic	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892591804	The impact of level of education of pregnant women on nutritional adherence	Bada F.O., Falana B.A.	2012	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	3	3	10.5901/mjss.2012.v3n3p335	Department of Guidance and Counselling, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	Bada, F.O., Department of Guidance and Counselling, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Falana, B.A., Department of Guidance and Counselling, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	The study examined the impact of educational level of pregnant women on their adherence to nutrition recommendation in Ado-Ekiti local government area of Ekiti state. The study investigated the Impact of education, the knowledge, the social status, socioeconomic and socio-cultural factors on adherence to nutrition among pregnant women in Ekiti State, Nigeria. The research design for the study was descriptive in nature and survey approach was adopted for the entire population. The population consisted of the literate and illiterate pregnant women of child bearing ages selected through purposive random sampling technique in five hospitals in Ado-Ekiti local Government. A sample of 100 respondents was randomly selected using purposive and stratified random sampling technique. A questionnaire tilled "Education and nutrition of pregnant women in Ekiti State "was used for collecting data. To ensure the validity of the instrument copies of the instrument were given to health care practitioners and nutrition specialists in the hospitals that are not part of the sample and the Department of Health and Human kinetics Ekiti State University. They ensured face and content validities of the instrument. A reliability coefficient of 0.74 was obtained using test retest reliability. This was found significant at 0.05 level of significance. The instrument was personally administered in the maternity homes in Ado-Ekiti local Government Area of Ekiti State. The data generated were analysed using descriptive and inferential Statistics. The general question raised was answered using frequency counts and percentages. The hypothesis postulated was tested using Chi-square (x2). The analysis of the data revealed that Education determined to a large extent the nutritional adherence by pregnant women. There are significant relationship between the education level of respondent pregnant women and their nutritional adherence. Based on the findings, the curriculum planners should integrate nutritional counselling to all levels of education in Nigeria schools. The Ekiti State Government and Nigeria Government should have a nutritional guide for would be pregnant women in Ekiti State.	Level of education; Nutritional adherence; Pregnancy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953990181	Influence of work motivation, leadership effectiveness and time management on employees' performance in some selected industries in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	Oluseyi A.S., Hammed T.A.	2009	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	16	None	Department of Industrial Relations and Personnel Management, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Guidance and Counselling, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Oluseyi, A.S., Department of Industrial Relations and Personnel Management, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Hammed, T.A., Department of Guidance and Counselling, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	The study investigated influence of work motivation, leadership effectiveness and time management on employees' performance in some selected industries in Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria. 300 participants were selected through stratified random sampling from the population of staff of the organizations. The study employed expost facto design; data were collected through Work Motivation Behaviour Profile (α = 0.89), Leadership Behaviour Rating scale (α = 0.88) and Time management Behaviour Inventory (α = 0.90) adapted from Workers' Behaviour Assessment Battery.Three research questions were answered at 0.05 level of significance. The data were analysed using multiple regression statistical method and correlation matrix. The findings revealed that the three independent variables (work motivation, leadership effectiveness and time management) accounts for 27.2% variance in employees' performance (R2 adjusted = 0.272). Each of the independent variables contributed to employees' performance. In terms of magnitude of the contribution, leadership effectiveness was the most potent contributor to employees' performance (β = 0.521, t = 7.11, P &lt; 0.05), followed by work motivation (β = 0.289, t = 5.42, P &lt; 0.05) while time management was the least contributor to employees' performance (β = 0.190, t = 2.43, P &lt; 0.05), Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended that employers, human resource managers and other leaders in organizations are encouraged to show greater interest in the welfare of workers to make them more valuable contributors to the success of the organization. © EuroJournals, Inc. 2009.	Employees' performance; Leadership effectiveness; Time management; Work motivation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78650089171	Influence of sex and location on relationship between student problems and academic performance	Bosede A.F.	2010	Social Sciences	5	4	10.3923/sscience.2010.340.345	Department of Guidance and Counselling, Faculty of Education, University of Ado-Ekiti, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	Bosede, A.F., Department of Guidance and Counselling, Faculty of Education, University of Ado-Ekiti, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	This study investigated the relationship between male and female student problems and academic performance. It also examined the relationship between students problems and academic performance among rural and urban students. A descriptive research design was adopted for the study, a total of 300 JSS 3 students in 6 schools from Akure north and akure south local government areas were used as sample. The instrument used was a standardized self report inventory called Student Problem Inventory (SPI). The validity and reliability of the instrument were already established by the maker. However, the test-retest reliability obtained by the researcher was 0.77. The statistical techniques used to analyse the data generated was pearson product moment correlation. The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant negative relationship between student problems and academic performance among male, female, rural and urban students. Based on the findings, it was recommended that counsellors, parents and teachers should help the students to deal with their problems and teach problem solving skills, also parents should adopt good child rearing techniques. © Medwell Journals, 2010.	Child rearing techniques; Frustration; Nigeria; Relationshipes; SPI; Students problems	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-35548981362	Impact of parent-child relationship on the career development process of high school students in Ibadan, Nigeria	Salami S.O., Aremu A.O.	2007	Career Development International	12	7	10.1108/13620430710834387	Department of Guidance and Counselling, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Salami, S.O., Department of Guidance and Counselling, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Aremu, A.O., Department of Guidance and Counselling, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to investigate the relationships of parental attachment and psychological separation to the career development process of secondary school adolescents. Design/methodology/approach: An ex post facto survey research design was adopted. The sample comprised 242 (males=121, females=121) senior secondary school II students randomly selected. Parental attachment, psychological separation, and career development scales were administered on the students. The data collected were analysed using hierarchical multiple regression analysis treating parental attachment and psychological separation as predictors and career development as a criterion variable. Parental attachment and psychological separation (mother scales) separately and significantly predicted career information-seeking behaviour of participants. However, combined attachment and separation (father scale) could not significantly predict any of the career development variables. Research limitations/implications: The study utilised cross-sectional and self-report measures. Practical implications: The cultural environment and type of family in which the study was carried out should be considered. Counsellors in Nigeria should assess views of students' parents and peers on career development. Originality/value: Most previous studies have linked familial factors like parental educational, financial and modelling opportunities with career development. This study reported the relationship of parental attachment and psychological separation with the career development process. Results from this study may enlighten career counsellors, parents and students on the need to assess the relationship between the students and their parents when dealing with their career development problems. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Adolescents; Career guidance; Family; Influence; Nigeria; Social interaction	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84954553983	The impact of a multiple intelligences teaching approach drug education programme on drug refusal skills of Nigerian pupils	Nwagu E.N., Ezedum C.E., Nwagu E.K.N.	2015	Global Health Promotion	22	3	10.1177/1757975914547203	Department of Health and Physical Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria; Department of Social Science Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria	Nwagu, E.N., Department of Health and Physical Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria; Ezedum, C.E., Department of Health and Physical Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria; Nwagu, E.K.N., Department of Social Science Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria	The rising incidence of drug abuse among youths in Nigeria is a source of concern for health educators. This study was carried out on primary six pupils to determine the effect of a Multiple Intelligences Teaching Approach Drug Education Programme (MITA-DEP) on pupils’ acquisition of drug refusal skills. A programme of drug education based on the Multiple Intelligences Teaching Approach (MITA) was developed. An experimental group was taught using this programme while a control group was taught using the same programme but developed based on the Traditional Teaching Approach. Pupils taught with the MITA acquired more drug refusal skills than those taught with the Traditional Teaching Approach. Urban pupils taught with the MITA acquired more skills than rural pupils. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean refusal skills of male and female pupils taught with the MITA. © 2014, © The Author(s) 2014.	drug education; Multiple Intelligences Teaching Approach; pupils; refusal skills	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34248224563	Impact of a community education model on the health behaviours of selected rural dwellers in Nigeria	Izevbigie T.I., Iyamu E.O.S.	2007	European Journal of Scientific Research	16	4	None	Department of Health Environmental Education and Human Kinetics, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Faculty of Education, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria	Izevbigie, T.I., Department of Health Environmental Education and Human Kinetics, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Iyamu, E.O.S., Faculty of Education, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria	Poor environmental sanitation has serious negative impact on the quality of living. The study was an attempt to propose a model of community education as a strategy that can mobilize rural dwellers to understand the problem of sanitation as a personal and community issue. The millennium development goals empasize the need for healthy living that can be realized if the people are mobilized to be active and decisive in looking after their health and the health of the community the study was a quasi type involving groups of undergraduate health education students who were engaged in sensitizing selected rural dwellers in South Central Nigeria on health related issues. The programme lasted for 12 weeks. Measures of their health behaviours showed improvement from the 9th week, implying the efficacy of the programme. Among others, the need for regular mobilization of the rural dwellers for improved quality of living was recommended. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2007.	Community health education; Health behaviours; Mobilization; Nigeria; Rural dwellers	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84935875127	A program evaluation report of a rapid scale-up of a high-volume medical male circumcision site, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, 2010-2013 Health systems and services in low and middle income settings	Wynn A., Bristow C.C., Ross D., Schenker I., Klausner J.D.	2015	BMC Health Services Research	15	1	10.1186/s12913-015-0904-2	Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; St Mary's Hospital, Mariannhill KZN, Johannesburg, South Africa; Operation Abraham Collaborative, Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Epidemiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 9911 W Pico Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, United States	Wynn, A., Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Bristow, C.C., Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Ross, D., St Mary's Hospital, Mariannhill KZN, Johannesburg, South Africa; Schenker, I., Operation Abraham Collaborative, Jerusalem, Israel; Klausner, J.D., Department of Epidemiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 9911 W Pico Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, United States	Background: Male circumcision can provide life-long reduction in the risk of acquiring HIV infection. In South Africa, the KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health committed to rolling out circumcision programs to address the HIV epidemic. The Department of Health enlisted the help of St. Mary's Hospital in Mariannhill and the Operation Abraham Collaborative. Methods: St. Mary's Hospital and the Operation Abraham Collaborative partnered to establish a voluntary medical male circumcision facility, called Asiphile, and to train surgeons, nurses and health clinic staff to serve KwaZulu-Natal. Results: Over the course of the implementation period, 9,980 circumcisions were conducted at the Asiphile facility. The uptake numbers increased throughout 2010 and 2011 and began to level off as the demand of early adopters may have been met. Uptake spiked during school vacations and staff training sessions. Additionally, 92 % of clients returned for post-operation follow-up and only 2 % of clients experienced any adverse event. Conclusion: St. Mary's Hospital and the Operation Abraham Collaborative were able to cooperate and successfully implement a voluntary medical male circumcision facility in KwaZulu-Natal. Although uptake was lower than projected, lessons learned from efforts to overcome challenges in recruitment, transportation, and coordination can help inform and improve new and existing population-based male circumcision programs. © 2015 Wynn et al.	AIDS; HIV; Male circumcision; South Africa; Uptake	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84868319452	A descriptive study on health workforce performance after decentralisation of health services in Uganda	Lutwama G.W., Roos J.H., Dolamo B.L.	2012	Human Resources for Health	10	None	10.1186/1478-4491-10-41	Department of Health Studies, Unisa and IMA World Health Sudd Health Project, IMA World Health, 500 Main Street, PO Box 429, New Windsor, MD, 21776, United States; Department of Health Studies, PO Box 392, Pretoria, Unisa 0003, South Africa	Lutwama, G.W., Department of Health Studies, Unisa and IMA World Health Sudd Health Project, IMA World Health, 500 Main Street, PO Box 429, New Windsor, MD, 21776, United States; Roos, J.H., Department of Health Studies, PO Box 392, Pretoria, Unisa 0003, South Africa; Dolamo, B.L., Department of Health Studies, PO Box 392, Pretoria, Unisa 0003, South Africa	Background: Uganda, like many developing countries, is committed to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015. However, serious challenges prove to hamper the attainment of these goals, particularly the health related MDGs. A major challenge relates to the human resources for health. The health system in Uganda was decentralised in the 1990s. Despite the health sector reforms, the services have remained significantly deficient and performance of health workers is thought to be one of the contributing factors. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to investigate the performance of health workers after decentralisation of the health services in Uganda in order to identify and suggest possible areas for improvement.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey, using quantitative research methods was utilised. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data from 276 health workers in the districts of Kumi, Mbale, Sironko and Tororo in Eastern Uganda. The health workers included doctors, clinical officers, professional nurses and midwives. The sample was selected using stratified random sampling. The data was analysed using SPSS version 18.0 and included both univariate and bivariate analysis. The results were presented in tabular and text forms.Results: The study revealed that even though the health workers are generally responsive to the needs of their clients, the services they provide are often not timely. The health workers take initiatives to ensure that they are available for work, although low staffing levels undermine these efforts. While the study shows that the health workers are productive, over half (50.4%) of them reported that their organisations do not have indicators to measure their individual performance. The findings indicate that the health workers are skilled and competent to perform their duties. In general, the results show that health workers are proficient, adaptive, proactive and client-oriented.Conclusion: Although Uganda is faced with a number of challenges as regards human resources for health, the findings show that the health workers that are currently working in the health facilities are enthusiastic to perform. This may serve as a motivator for the health workers to improve their performance and that of the health sector. © 2012 Lutwama et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.	Decentralisation; Health sector reforms; Health workers; Health workforce; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84878956174	Pre-eclampsia: Evaluation of patient's care in a in South African hospital	Modiba L.M.	2013	Life Science Journal	10	1	None	Department of Health Studies, University of South Africa, 0003, South Africa	Modiba, L.M., Department of Health Studies, University of South Africa, 0003, South Africa	The purpose of the study was to evaluate the care and outcomes given to pre-eclamptic patients treated in a public hospital in South Africa. Findings: The age distribution of patients in this study is similar to other reports and suggests that pre-eclampsia is probably a disease of young women. Most of pre-eclamptic is probably a disease of young women. Most of the women in the study were less than 21 years old (51.4%). Also, the primigravida were more likely to develop eclampsia compared to the multigravida (p value 0.05; RR = 1.45). Discussions: Although pre-eclampsia is not preventable, deaths and morbidity from this disease can be prevented thorough early detection, careful monitoring and treatment of the disorder. Therefore, in order to decrease pre-eclampsia related mortality and morbidity appropriate prenatal care must be available to all women irrespective of their social and financial background. Pre-eclampsia is also a unique syndrome of pregnancy that is potentially dangerous for both mother and fetus; close supervision and timely delivery should be provided to all pre-eclamptic women. Conclusion: Preeclampsia remains a continuing problem in developing countries. The incidence of pre-eclampsia at this institution is one of the highest in the world. The major avoidable contributing is lack of or absence of antenatal care. In South Africa like other countries there is shortage of staff due to brain drain, leading to long waiting of patients before being seen by doctors or midwives.	Caesarean section; Morbidity; Mortality; Pre-eclampsia; Pregnancy; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84877643218	China's foreign aid to africa: Socio-economic impact of the tazara aid project on tanzania	Enuka C., Ifeoma O.C.	2013	Social Sciences (Pakistan)	8	1	10.3923/sscience.2013.34.41	Department of History and International Studies, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; Department of Economics, Igbariam Campus, Anambra State University, Uli, Nigeria	Enuka, C., Department of History and International Studies, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; Ifeoma, O.C., Department of Economics, Igbariam Campus, Anambra State University, Uli, Nigeria	The study researches Chinese aid relationship with Africa mirrored in the Tanzania-Zambia Railway (Tazara) aid project with a view to analyzing its socio-economic impact on the lives of the people of Tanzania. The idea of a rail link between Tanzania and Zambia dates back to the colonial era. But, the impetus for the actual construction developed in 1965. Appeals for assistance were made to the West but were rejected. China came in when the hope on the West was disappointed. Following President Nyerere's visits and appeals to China in 1967 China agreed to finance the project. The Tazara linked Kapiri Mposhi in Zambia with Dares-Salaam in Tanzania. It was the biggest aid commitment at the time costing about 400 million dollars. The study adopts the inter-dependence theory as its theoretical and analytical framework for the discussion of aid in Chinese relationship with Africa. The findings are that the railway aid project was significant in a number of positive ways and therefore developing to the economy and the state of Tanzania. Among other things, the Chinese involvement in the project demonstrated that despite the ravages of the cultural revolution and the effect that this had on Chinese foreign policy, China remained committed to Africa. By signing the deal on the project at the height of the revolution, China signaled to the continent of Africa of its commitment to her development and liberation from the shackles of imperialism and colonial hang-over. On its completion, the project by its process had transferred technology to Tanzania and left rural lives significantly transformed. © Medwell Journals, 2013.	Foreign policy; Project; Socio-economic	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70350065889	Evaluation of some physicochemical parameters of selected brands of vegetable oils sold in Ilorin metropolis	Otunola G.A., Adebayo G.B., Olufemi O.G.	2009	International Journal of Physical Sciences	4	5	None	Department of Home Economics and Food Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Department of Chemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Lubcon Oil Nigeria Limited, Ilorin, Nigeria	Otunola, G.A., Department of Home Economics and Food Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Adebayo, G.B., Department of Chemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Olufemi, O.G., Lubcon Oil Nigeria Limited, Ilorin, Nigeria	Five samples of selected brands of vegetable oils sold in Ilorin metropolis were investigated for some physicochemical parameters. Relative density, flash point, smoke point, crackle test, cold test and viscosity were determined for each sample. Also, the saponification, acids, ester and iodine values, as well as the fatty acid profile for each sample were investigated. Viscosity of the different brands of oils at varying temperature were significantly different (P > 0.05) for A356, A360 and A374, while there was no significant difference between A364 and A370. There were significant differences (P > 0.05) in the relative density, flash, and smoke points of samples A374 and A364 compared to the others (A360, A370 and A356) which were not significantly different from one another. All the vegetable oil samples passed the crackle test, but all failed the cold test. There were no significant differences (P < 0.05) in the chemical properties investigated for all the vegetable oil samples. The fatty acid profile indicated the presence of oleic and linoleic acids in all the samples while palmitic and stearic acids were present in only two of the samples, and myristic acid was found in only one of the samples. However, all the samples met the set standards for edible oils by regulatory bodies. © 2009 Academic Journals.	Fatty acids profile; Key words Vegetable oils; NIS standards; Physicochemical parameters	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879093166	Impact of technology and culture on home economics and nutrition science education in developing countries	Aburime M.O., Uhomoibhi J.O.	2010	Multicultural Education and Technology Journal	4	1	10.1108/17504971011034692	Department of Home Economics, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria; University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, United Kingdom	Aburime, M.O., Department of Home Economics, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria; Uhomoibhi, J.O., University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, United Kingdom	Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine and report on the impact of technology and culture on home economics and nutrition science education in developing countries with a focus on Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach - Globally and most especially in developing countries, the advent of information and communication technologies has meant great changes in the manner of thinking and doing things both at home and in business, in education establishments and in society. For higher education institutions especially in developing countries, there has been the introduction of various types of information systems and the implementation of policies to facilitate the integration of new technologies in teaching and administration of new curricula. This paper examines some of these systems and the process of knowledge engineering management of nutrition science and home economics studies at the Delta State University in Nigeria. A study is undertaken of students’ level of technological attainments and study approaches. Findings - The present study reveals that special requirements for applications are important for successful establishment and use of information systems in higher education. Students need to have adequate expertise in technology to become active learners are reported. This will enhance their ability to solve problems and address system requirements. This must be identified at the knowledge engineering stages during curriculum development and be effectively managed. Research limitations/implications - The current investigation focuses on the impact of technology and culture on two subject areas and in one country. Future work intends to extend this to other disciplines and investigate ways of enhancing education provision to meet the diverse needs of learners of mixed technological abilities and from diverse cultures as applied to other comparative countries. Practical implications - The paper draws on results obtained from students studying approaches to propose that it is important to design and implement a curriculum that actively promotes the use of systems and technologies that develops such skills as teamwork, communications, project management and lifelong learning. Originality/value - This work investigates students present technology attainment levels and considers the different learning and studying approaches adopted by students involved in the study of home economic and nutrition science. The learners’ attitudes towards engagement with their programmes are examined as well as the impact of technology on learning. Some of the major challenges arising from institutional and individual experiences of the digital divide that permeates all people in developing countries are highlighted. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Communication technologies; Culture; Developing countries; Education; Nigeria; Nutrition	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84865455099	Nutrient content and sensory evaluation of hawked and home-made Roselle (Zobo) drink	Davidson G.I.	2011	Journal of Home Economics Research	15	None	None	Department of Home Science, Nutrition and Dietetics University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Davidson, G.I., Department of Home Science, Nutrition and Dietetics University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Zobo (Roselle) drinks prepared by boiling and soaking methods were flavoured with pineapple juice and granulated sugar respectively. Hawked zobo drink was also purchased as consumed. All these samples were subjected to both chemical and sensory evaluation. The different zobo drinks contained appreciable amount of carbohydrate, protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, and iron. Hawked zobo drink had lower nutrient content and organoleptic attributes than the home-made drinks. Among the home-made zobo drinks, pineapple flavoured was of more nutritional value than the sugar flavoured. Also, soaking method of preparation produced drinks of higher nutritional value than the boiling method.	Content; Nutrient; Sensory evaluation; Zobo	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80054764420	Recipe development, chemical and organoleptic evaluation of complementary food blends made from available agricultural products	Nwamarah J.U., Ugwumba C.G.	2011	Journal of Home Economics Research	14	None	None	Department of Home Science, Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Nwamarah, J.U., Department of Home Science, Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Ugwumba, C.G., Department of Home Science, Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	The study was done to improve on the traditional infant complementary food. The nutrient potential and organoleptic attributes of porridges based on processed maize and sweet potato flour, in which was added either of these: groundnut paste, palm oil or soybean oil were produced. Maize, sweet potato and groundnut were processed. Palm and soybean oils were purchased from the Nsukka main market. Four products PSP (maize + sweet potato flour + palm oil) (65:30:5), PSG-(maize + sweet potato flour + groundnut paste) (60:30:10) and PSS-(maize+ sweet potato flour + soybean oil) (65:30:5) were developed and CON-(maize gruel) (100:0) used as control. Nutrient content of the porridges and their organoleptic attributes were analyzed using standard techniques. Data were statistically analyzed using percentages, mean and standard deviation of means. Duncan's New Multiple Range Test was used to separate and compare means. The PSG had the highest protein (14.73%), folate (0.8mg), iron (4.0mg) than others. The PSG also had the highest organoleptic attributes (6.97-7.68) on a 9-point hedonic scale than any of the products. The PSG appears to have the most desirable nutrient profile (protein 14.73%, fibre 0.95%, ash 6.45% and energy value 328.40kcal). While samples PSP and PSS had comparable energy values (314.90 and 313.77 kcal).	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80053981441	Production and organoleptic evaluation of complementary foods from fermented composite flours of legume, cereal, root and tubers	Mbah B.O.	2009	Journal of Home Economics Research	42654	None	None	Department of Home Science, Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Mbah, B.O., Department of Home Science, Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Cheap, nutritious, easy to prepare and acceptable complementary foods from fermented cereal, root and tuber, and legume were produced and organoleptically evaluated. Yellow maize (YM), sorghum (SG), cowpea (CP), cocoyam (CY) and sweet potatoes (SP) were fermented for 72h in water at a ratio of 1:3(w/v), sun dried to 5% moisture and hammer-milled into fine flours. The flours were analyzed for nutrient by standard methods. The flours were blended into eight composite flours (blends) on protein basis - (SGCP, YMCP, YMSP, SGSP, YMCY, SGCY, at a ratio of 70:30 and SGCPSP, YMCPCY at 60:20:20). Porridges were prepared from blends, and their organoleptic qualities evaluated on a 9-point hedonic scale, by a 22 member taste panel. Fermentation increased protein in flours and product and improved the food potentials of all porridges. SGCP and YMCP porridges had higher organoleptic rating and acceptability than other blends, and could be incorporated into complementary foods.	Acceptability; Complementary food; Fermentation; Staple foods	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-37349097322	Heterosis, inbreeding depression and mean performance of segregating population in upland cotton	Khan N.U., Hassan G., Kumbhar M.B., Kang S., Khan I., Parveen A., Umm-e-Aiman, Saeed M.	2007	European Journal of Scientific Research	18	2	None	Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, OARDC, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691, United States; NWFP Agricultural University, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan; Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam 70060, Nigeria; National Ins	Khan, N.U., Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, OARDC, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691, United States, NWFP Agricultural University, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan; Hassan, G., NWFP Agricultural University, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan; Kumbhar, M.B., Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam 70060, Nigeria; Kang, S., Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, OARDC, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691, United States, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA 151 Seodung-Dong, Suwon 441-857, South Korea; Khan, I., NWFP Agricultural University, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan; Parveen, A., Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, NWFP Agricultural University, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan; Umm-e-Aiman, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, NWFP Agricultural University, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan; Saeed, M., Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, NWFP Agricultural University, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan	Performance of F1 hybrids, F2 population and some selected population in advanced generations (F3, F4 and F5) were studied for bolls per plant, seed cotton yield per plant, lint % and staple length of Gossypium hirsutum during 1999-2004 at Agricultural Research Institute, Dera Ismail Khan, NWFP Pakistan. In F1 hybrids, maximum heterosis was observed for seed cotton yield per plant followed by bolls per plant while lint % and staple length showed low values of heterosis. Majority of the F2 population displayed inbreeding depression and it was high for seed cotton yield per plant followed by bolls per plant, lint % and staple length. Inbreeding depression was higher in high performing hybrids than in low performing hybrids. In F1 generation, heterosis over better parent ranged from +3.13 to +65.63% for bolls per plant, +0.82 +115.22% for seed cotton yield per plant, +0.27 +3.88% for lint % and +0.28 to +6.00% for staple length. In F2 population the average some selections were made in promising cross families (CIM-109 × CIM-1100, CIM-240 × CIM-1100, CIM-1100 × CIM-109 and CIM-1100 × CIM-240). In advanced generations (F3, F4 and F5), the single plant families of the above four selected crosses superseded the standard cultivar (CIM-446) for bolls and seed cotton yield per plant and staple length, but in lint % only few of the cross families exhibited superiority over standard. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2007.	F1 hybrids; F2 population; Heterosis and inbreeding depression; Mean performance; Segregating generations; Upland cotton	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947055067	Evaluation of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) varieties for seed yield and yield components under Jimma condition, South Western Ethiopia	Balcha K., Belew D., Nego J.	2015	Journal of Agronomy	14	4	10.3923/ja.2015.292.297	Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences, Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine (JUCAVM), P.O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia	Balcha, K., Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences, Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine (JUCAVM), P.O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia; Belew, D., Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences, Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine (JUCAVM), P.O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia; Nego, J., Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences, Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine (JUCAVM), P.O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia	An experiment was conducted at Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine (JUCAVM) experimental field to evaluate selected tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) varieties for their seed yield under irrigated condition. The experiment was set using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications wherein nine tomato varieties: five determinate type (Bishola, Chali, Cochoro, Fetan and Melkasalsa) and four semi-determinate type (Metadel, Miya, Melkashola and Arp tomato d2) and one local variety (Roma VF) were used. Data was collected on yield, seed weight per fruit, seed weight per plant, seed yield per hectare, number of seed per fruit, thousand seed weight, fruit diameter, fruit weight per plant and fruit yield per hectare. The results revealed that Variety had highly significantly (p≤0.01) affected the yield and yield component parameters. Significantly the highest fruit diameter (6.25 cm) was recorded from variety Bishola whereas the lowest seed yield per hectare was obtained from Fetan (58.1 kg). Correlation analysis also indicated that Seed weight per plant was significantly and positively associated with seed weight per hectare (r = 0.95), fruit yield per hectare (r = 0.40) and fruit weight per plant (r = 0.40). Fruit weight per plant was highly significantly and positively correlated with seed weight per hectare (r = 0.47) and fruit yield per hectare (r = 0.99). The tomato variety Bishola was found to be high seed yielder as compared to the other varieties compared and hence it is suggested that tomato producers in Jimma area can use Bishola variety for high seed yield. © 2015 Asian Network for Scientific Information.	Fruit yield; Seed yield; Tomato; Varieties; Yield components	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943549368	Evaluation of orange fleshed sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) varieties for yield and yield contributing parameters in the humid tropics of Southwestern Ethiopia	Mekonnen B., Tulu S., Nego J.	2015	Journal of Plant Sciences	10	5	10.3923/jps.2015.191.199	Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences, Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia	Mekonnen, B., Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences, Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia; Tulu, S., Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences, Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia; Nego, J., Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences, Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia	Five orange fleshed sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) varieties: four collected from Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center and one local variety with orange flesh were evaluated at field condition to identify the highest yielding and adaptable variety. The five varieties: Beletech (192026 II), Birtukanie (Saluboro), Kulfo (Lo-323), Tulla (CIP 420027) and a local variety were used as treatments and arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. Data collected on yield and yield contributing parameters were analyzed using the GLM procedure of SAS version 9.2. Variety had significantly affected root diameter, marketable tuberous root yield and total tuberous root yield. Significantly the highest root diameter (4.9 cm), marketable tuberous root yield (0.78 t ha-1) and total tuberous root yield (0.88 t ha-1) were obtained from variety Tulla. The result of the correlation analysis also revealed that root diameter and number of tuberous roots per plant were significantly and positively correlated with marketable and total tuberous root yield. Likewise marketable tuberous root yield was also significantly and positively correlated with total tuberous root yield. This indicated sweet potato producers targeting tuberous roots should use root diameter, number of tuberous roots per plant and marketable tuberous root yield as selection criteria. Likewise, these yield and yield contributing parameters are important selection parameters which can serve as indicators of adaptability of the sweet potato to the study area and can also be utilized for making improvement in tuberous root yield of sweet potato. Besides, yield is an important agronomic index that shows the adaptability of a variety to its growing environment and accordingly variety Tulla outperformed the three improved OFSP varieties and the local variety in yield and yield contributing parameters. Therefore, variety Tulla (CIP 420027) was identified as the highest yielding and adaptable OFSP variety under the rain fed condition in the humid tropics of Southwestern Ethiopia at Jimma and potentially combats VAD at community level. © 2015 Academic Journals Inc.	Beta carotene; OFSP varieties; Root diameter; Southwestern Ethiopia; Yield	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84891313777	Evaluation of agronomic performance and lycopene variation in tomato (lycopersicon esculantum mill.) genotypes in Mizan, Southwestern Ethiopia	Dufera J.T.	2013	World Applied Sciences Journal	27	11	10.5829/idosi.wasj.2013.27.11.783	Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mizan-Tepi University, P.O. Box 260, Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia	Dufera, J.T., Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mizan-Tepi University, P.O. Box 260, Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia	Twenty one tomato (Lycopersicon esculantum Mill.) germplasms were evaluated for agronomic performances, lycopene variability and some quality parameters to identify the genotypes having high yielding and better quality performances. The study was conducted under Mizan agro-ecology (Southwestern Ethiopia) on Mizan-Tepi University trial field during September 2011 to May 2012 using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the genotypes (P<0.0001) for all characters evaluated. The genotypes Roma VF, Cochoro/Pace setter), Pirson, Melkashola/Red pear and Fetan/Picador showed over all superior yield and quality performances to the other genotypes, thus they could be recommended as promising varieties for production in the area. Higher genotypic and phenotypic coefficients variation values were recorded by the characters fruit clusters per plant, nodes on main stem, fruits per plant, yield per plant and lycopene content, indicating the presence of variability among the genotypes and the scope to improve these characters through selection. In general, the result indicates the presence of enough variability among the genotypes to select parents with desirable performances and combine with varieties having better lycopene contents for further genetic improvement. © IDOSI Publications, 2013.	Genotypic variability; Lycopene; Phenotypic variability; Tomato; Yield	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884515116	Germination and growth performance of Kola (Cola nitida) seeds in the nursery as influenced by cotyledon reduction	Hammed L.A., Olaniyan A.B., Olaiya A.O., Bodunde J.G.	2013	Seed Science and Technology	41	2	None	Department of Horticulture, Nigeria; Department of Plant Physiology and Crop Production, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Hammed, L.A., Department of Horticulture, Nigeria; Olaniyan, A.B., Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Olaiya, A.O., Department of Plant Physiology and Crop Production, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Bodunde, J.G., Department of Horticulture, Nigeria	Propagation of kola involves the use of kolanuts (seed) which is also the most economically valuable part of the crop. White, pink and red-coloured kolanuts were treated by reducing the cotyledons by 25, 50 and 75%; whole kolanuts acted as the control. Treated and whole kolanuts were germinated in a screen-house at Abeokuta, Nigeria. Percentage germination of the kolanuts and growth performance of the seedlings (height and number of leaves) were recorded. Kolanuts from all treatments completed germination at 11 weeks after sowing (WAS). White kolanuts with 25, 50 and 75% cotyledon reduction had high germination (87.5-91.7%) at 7 WAS; the other treatments had between 58.3 and 75% germination after the same period. The height and number of leaves of the seedlings raised from kolanuts with 50 or 25% cotyledon reduction were significantly higher when compared with values obtained from whole kolanuts or from those with 75% cotyledon reduction. Hence, 50% reduction in cotyledon is recommended for kolanut as propagules for large scale production of kola seedlings.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84870681073	Residents' perception of socio-economic impacts of tourism in Tafi Atome, Ghana	Mensah C.	2012	Asian Social Science	8	15	10.5539/ass.v8n15p274	Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Ho Polytechnic, P O Box 217, Ho, Ghana	Mensah, C., Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Ho Polytechnic, P O Box 217, Ho, Ghana	The study explored the perception of residents of Tafi Atome on the impact of tourism development in the community. Face-to-face questionnaires were administered to 197 residents aged 18 and above in public places as well as houses in the community via convenience sampling procedure. Generally, results of the study indicate an appreciable consensus between residents that tourism has brought development to the community. Residents find tourism to have contributed to the conservation of Mona monkeys as well as enhancing the image of Tafi Atome. Results of the study indicate inconsistency of socio-demographic variables in explaining variation in residents' perception of tourism impacts.	Ghana; Impacts; Residents' perception; Tafi Atome; Tourism	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896274606	Stakeholder pressure and hotel environmental performance in Accra, Ghana	Mensah I.	2014	Management of Environmental Quality	25	2	10.1108/MEQ-01-2013-0009	Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana	Mensah, I., Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana	Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which primary and secondary stakeholders influence the environmental performance of hotels in Accra and whether size of hotel moderates stakeholder influence on the environmental performance of hotels. Design/methodology/approach: Environmental performance of the hotels was based on 33 variables in ten key areas of environmental management in the literature. Survey questionnaires were self-administered to a stratified random sample of managers of different categories of hotels in Accra. Findings: The findings point to the fact that primary stakeholders such as customers and board of directors had a more significant influence on the environmental performance of hotels while size of hotel moderates the effect of stakeholders on the environmental performance of hotels. Research limitations/implications: Future research should focus on unearthing other drivers of environmental performance of especially small to medium hotels as well as the obstacles to environmental management in such organizations. Practical implications: It is vital for hotels to manage the pressures exerted by stakeholders. Originality/value: In the context of a developing country like Ghana, experiencing sustained growth in hotel investment, governments should encourage voluntary environmental programmes to enhance environmental performance of hotels instead of regulations by state agencies. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Environmental management; Environmental performance; Hotels; Pressure; Stakeholders	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894104527	Dietary supplementation with coriander (Coriandrum sativum) seed: Effect on growth performance, circulating metabolic substrates, and lipid profile of the liver and visceral adipose tissue in healthy female rats	Nyakudya T., Makaula S., Mkumla N., Erlwanger K.	2014	International Journal of Agriculture and Biology	16	1	None	Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa; School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa; Walter Sisulu University, Private Bag X1, UNITRA 5117, South Africa	Nyakudya, T., Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa; Makaula, S., School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa, Walter Sisulu University, Private Bag X1, UNITRA 5117, South Africa; Mkumla, N., School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa; Erlwanger, K., School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa	The rising incidence of metabolic syndrome globally has been attributed to sedentary lifestyles and the consumption of high energy diets with a low omega-3: omega-6 fatty acid ratio. Coriander seeds, commonly used for culinary purposes, have beneficial health effects. We investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with coriander seeds on growth performance, hepatic and visceral adipose tissue lipid storage and circulating metabolic substrates in healthy, growing rats. Female Sprague Dawley rats (150-200 g) were fed either standard rat chow (n = 8) or standard rat chow supplemented with crushed coriander seeds (n = 8; 500 mg kg-1 body mass). After five weeks, there were no significant differences in body mass gain, plasma free fatty acids and triglyceride concentrations of the rats (p &gt; 0.05; t-test). Whilst dietary supplementation with coriander did not affect the lipid content of the liver, it significantly increased the amount of monounsaturated (22.62 ± 6.48% vs 0.65 ± 0.32%) and polyunsaturated (54.89 ± 5.10% vs 22.16 ± 7.79%) fatty acids in the visceral adipose tissue where it also decreased the saturated fatty acid content (p &lt; 0.05; t-test). Coriander increased the omega 3: omega 6 ratio in the visceral adipose tissue which may explain its health benefits. © 2014 Friends Science Publishers.	Coriander; Liver lipids; Visceral fat	None	National Research Foundation
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901617670	Evaluation of the relationship between handgrip strength with some anthropometries among nigerian secondary school students	Ibegbu A.O., Baita M.B., Hamman W.O., Emmanuel U.U., Musa S.A.	2014	Anthropologist	17	3	None	Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria	Ibegbu, A.O., Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria; Baita, M.B., Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria; Hamman, W.O., Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria; Emmanuel, U.U., Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria; Musa, S.A., Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria	The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between handgrip strength and some anthropometric variables in 400 randomly selected Secondary School Students in Kano, Nigeria. The students were from two secondary schools and were aged 14-18 years with mean age of 16.00±1.35. The anthropometric variables namely, the height, weight, BMI, hand width and length, upper and lower arm length, mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) and handgrip strength were measured using standard anthropometric measurement techniques. The results from the present study showed that male students had higher mean values in seven variables namely, the height (16.00±1.35kg), weight (46.34±8.30cm), hand length (19.34±0.98cm), hand width (10.45±0.90cm), forearm length (27.93±1.92cm), arm length (31.93±2.46cm), handgrip strength (35.63±17.17), and lower mean values in two variables namely, BMI (17.45±2.30) and MUAC (24.23±2.26cm). In male students, handgrip strength had significant positive correlations (Pd"0.01) with all the variables studied while in the female students, handgrip strength had a significant positive correlation (P<0.01) with some of the variables studied. It may be concluded that handgrip strength had strong positive correlations with all the anthropometric variables studied in Nigerian Secondary School Students of Kano metropolis. © Kamla-Raj 2014.	Anthropometric variables; Hand; Handgrip; Height; Kano; Students; Weight	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84872252674	The effect of dietary pattern and body mass index on the academic performance of in-school adolescents	Ogunsile S.E.	2012	International Education Studies	5	6	10.5539/ies.v5n6p65	Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	Ogunsile, S.E., Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	The main objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary pattern and body mass index on the academic performance of in-school adolescents in Ekiti State. One hundred and twenty eight students (10-19 years) selected from three senior secondary schools in Ekiti State Nigeria, formed the participants for this study. Questionnaire was the instrument for data collection and the data were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics (bivariate Pearson correlation analysis and linear regression) using Spss version 12 at 0.05 level of significance. Findings of this study showed that of all the adolescents, only 16.4%, 14.1%, 7.0%, 16.4% and 10.2% followed a healthy dietary pattern of regular intake of breakfast, three square meals, milk, fruits and vegetables respectively. 50%, 38.3% and 45.3% followed an unhealthy dietary pattern of regular intake of sweets, chewing gum and soft drinks. With regards to body mass index and academic performance, less than 40% of the respondents were of normal weight and only half of the respondents had good academic performance. Body mass index, breakfast consumption, eating three square meals and regular intake of fruits and vegetables all had significant effects (P <0.05) on the academic performance of adolescents. Also, there was a significant joint effect of body mass index and healthy dietary pattern on the academic performance of these adolescents. Parents and school authorities should make all efforts to ensure healthy dietary pattern among adolescents so as to enhance their academic performance.	Academic performance; Body mass index; Dietary pattern; In-school adolescent	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77954632405	Gender perception on the impact of school sports on sports development hi Borno State of Nigeria	Adaramaja S.R., Mustapha S., Tanglang N.	2010	Social Sciences	5	2	10.3923/sscience.2010.149.151	Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Ilorin, Nigeria; Department of Physical and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria	Adaramaja, S.R., Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Ilorin, Nigeria; Mustapha, S., Department of Physical and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria; Tanglang, N., Department of Physical and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria	The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of school sports on sports development in Borno State of Nigeria as perceived by gender. Sports development in this respect was examined using the following variables: facility, personnel, funding, training programme, competitions, sports policy and encouragement of talents for sports. To achieve the purpose of this study a standardized questionnaire was administered by the researchers to the respondents which included; students, athletes, games-masters, game mistresses, physical education teachers, principals of secondary schools, coaches in the sports council, zonal sports coordinators and directors of sports in Borno State. The reliability coefficient of the instrument was established using Guffman split half technique, a result of 0.82 r was obtained. Data collected was analysed using two tailed t-test inferential statistics. The findings of this study revealed no significant differences between male and female respondents in all the aspects of sports development with the exception of encouragement of talents for sports. In other words, encouragement of talents was promoted at the expense of other aspects of sports development. It is therefore, recommended that the Nigeria School Sports Federation (NSSF) at the state level should devise a means for the development of other aspects of sports development such as the provision of standard facilities, qualified personnel, adequate funding, training programme, competitions as well as an effective school sports policy that can accommodate the needs, interests and aspirations of the participants. © Medwell Journals, 2010.	Coaches; Development; Funding; Gender; Personnel; Sports talents	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-81755161578	Influence of goal striving and commitment on sport performance among rehabilitated injured amateur football players in Ibadan, Oyo State	Andrew Olu F.	2011	European Journal of Scientific Research	64	2	None	Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Andrew Olu, F., Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Injuries in sport such as in football are driven by several factors as the lack and/or improper physical preparation, violence and harsh playing style of the opponents, consideration for other psychological profile need to be given attention. Some notable researchers like Williams ,Rotella, Scherzer, have reported that psychological factors contribute to occurrences of injuries in sports. Athletes experience loss after an injury, not only do they lose physical capability, they also lose salient parts of their self. This paper focused on influence of goal striving and Commitment on sport performance of rehabilitated injured amateur football players in Ibadan The research instrument for this study was a modified standardized version of Self Motivation Inventory (SMI). with a reliability coefficient of 0.93. The data collected was analyzed using inferential statistics of Chi square (X2) to test the formulated hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result revealed the amateur football players need automatic back up by the government to provide them with necessary medical treatment when injured during competition. It is therefore suggested that Government should mandate sports clubs to care for players through the provision of social welfare services. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2011.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-62549095843	Perceived impact of journalism on awareness and spectatorship as indices for sports development in Lagos State, Nigeria	Morakinyo E.O., Agu E.C.	2009	Anthropologist	11	1	None	Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Galaxy Television, Lagos, Nigeria	Morakinyo, E.O., Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Agu, E.C., Galaxy Television, Lagos, Nigeria	This study was designed to determine the perceived impact of journalism on awareness and spectatorship as indices of sports development in Lagos State of Nigeria. The purposive and random sampling techniques were adopted in selecting four hundred and eighty (480) respondents made up of sports journalists and stakeholders in the sports industry, descriptive research design with a self-structured questionnaire (r = b8) was used for data collection. The chi-square (χ2) was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05alpha level. The analysis revealed that the two variables were indices of sports development (Awareness -37.59, p&lt;0.05, 2df; Spectatorship - 12.47, p&lt;0.05, 2df). © Kamla-Raj 2009.	Awareness; Journalism; Perceived impact; Spectatorship; Sports development	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84960220579	Evaluation of physiologic pain in relation to pain substances in healthy subjects	Ogedengbe J.O., Adelaiye A.B., Mohammed A., Ayo J.O., Odili A.N., Adeyemi O.M., Akeju S., Peter P.	2015	Pathophysiology	22	4	10.1016/j.pathophys.2015.08.001	Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria; Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Phys	Ogedengbe, J.O., Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria, Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Adelaiye, A.B., Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria, Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Mohammed, A., Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Ayo, J.O., Department of Veterinary Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Odili, A.N., Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria; Adeyemi, O.M., Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria; Akeju, S., Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria; Peter, P., Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria	This study was aimed at finding a relationship between pain modulators in the blood and physiological pain in apparently healthy Nigerians. It also aimed at establishing a pilot study for finding reference values for plasma levels of substance P, serotonin and tryptophan for the first time among Nigerians. Volunteers were made up of 110 residents of Abuja, aged between 21 and 50 years. Cold pressor test was used to induce pain assessing pain intensity, threshold and tolerance. ELISA was used to assay for plasma substance P, serotonin and tryptophan. Pain parameters from cold pressor test were correlated with plasma pain modulators measured. Results from cold pressor test revealed pain intensity to be 5.79 ± 0.25 cm, pain threshold 28.77 ± 2.32 s and pain tolerance 143.62 ± 24.39 s. Blood plasma level of substance P was 116.52 ± 20.53 pg/mL, serotonin 454.18 ± 30.16 ng/mL and tryptophan 12.77 ± 0.67 μg/mL. There was negative correlation between pain threshold and plasma substance P, pain tolerance and plasma substance P and pain threshold and plasma serotonin. There was however a positive correlation between pain intensity and plasma serotonin. In conclusion, the regression formulas may aid in using cold pressor test to predict blood substance levels of the measured pain modulators in a low resource setting like Nigeria where ELISA test is very expensive. © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.	Pain intensity; Pain threshold; Pain tolerance; Serotonin; Substance P	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900526928	The impact of globalisation on South African businesses: Some leadership thoughts	Mcmahon G., Barkhuizen N., Schutte N.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	9	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n9p215	Department of Human Resource Management, University of Pretoria, 2000, South Africa; Department of Industrial Psychology, North-West University, Mmabatho 2745, South Africa; Department of Public Administration, North-West University, Mmabatho 2745, South Africa	Mcmahon, G., Department of Human Resource Management, University of Pretoria, 2000, South Africa; Barkhuizen, N., Department of Industrial Psychology, North-West University, Mmabatho 2745, South Africa; Schutte, N., Department of Public Administration, North-West University, Mmabatho 2745, South Africa	The main objective of this research was to explore the impact of globalisation on South African businesses from the perspective of business leaders. A qualitative research approach was followed with semi-structured interviews conducted with five business leaders. The findings showed that the global economic crises, legislation, sustainability, stakeholder engagement, poverty and increased competitiveness are the key factors relating to globalisation and the impact thereof on South African businesses. The outcomes of this study can assist current business leaders in taking cognisance of global factors affecting their business and take proactive measures to eliminate the adverse impact of a rapid changing business environment.	Business Challenges; Globalisation; Leadership; Stakeholder engagement; Technology	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84859862361	Psychological capital, a requisite for organisational performance in South Africa	du Plessis Y., Barkhuizen N.	2012	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	15	1	None	Department of Human Resource Management, University of Pretoria, South Africa	du Plessis, Y., Department of Human Resource Management, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Barkhuizen, N., Department of Human Resource Management, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Scholars argue that to address the social, economic and political challenges facing South Africa since 1994, organisational managers/leaders should adopt a positive approach, based on sound organisational behaviour. This study administered the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) to determine whether human resources practitioners (N=131) as custodians of change and positive behaviour in organisations in South Africa embrace core elements of Posit stically significant differences exist in the POB of demographic groups, relating to age, marital status, home language, seniority and qualifications. This research reveals that South African HR practitioners and managers should fully embrace psychological capital to effectively create caring workplaces taking cognizance of the broader economic and social issues affecting employees and their performance.	Employee performance; Human resource practitioner; Positive psychology; Psychological capital	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84887183392	Psychological contract and perceived performance of a rugby team	Deas A.J., Linde B.	2013	South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation	35	2	None	Department of Human Resource Management, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa; WorkWell Research Unit, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa	Deas, A.J., Department of Human Resource Management, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa; Linde, B., WorkWell Research Unit, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa	Little research has connected the psychological contract and sport. Therefore, the content of the psychological contract of rugby team members was analysed and the correlation between the psychological contract and the perceived performance of rugby team members was determined. A longitudinal research design was chosen, along with a non-probability sampling technique. The sample consisted of rugby team members from a prominent rugby playing university in South Africa. A psychological contract questionnaire and perceived performance questionnaire were used. From the research, the content of the psychological contract of rugby team members was determined. The results indicated no correlation between the psychological contract and perceived performance, however, a strong correlation was found between Institute Obligations and Player Obligations. Another factor, which remains to be investigated, is leadership and the perceived performance of a rugby team.	Breach; Performance; Psychological contract; Rugby; Team; Violation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84889867606	Development of the learning programme management and evaluation scale for the South African skills development context	Tshilongamulenzhe M.C., Coetzee M., Masenge A.	2013	SA Journal of Industrial Psychology	39	1	10.4102/sajip.v39i1.1080	Department of Human Resource Management, University of South Africa, South Africa; Department of Industrial and Organisational Psychology, University of South Africa, South Africa; Office of Graduate Studies and Research, University of South Africa, South Africa	Tshilongamulenzhe, M.C., Department of Human Resource Management, University of South Africa, South Africa; Coetzee, M., Department of Industrial and Organisational Psychology, University of South Africa, South Africa; Masenge, A., Office of Graduate Studies and Research, University of South Africa, South Africa	Research purpose: The present study developed and tested the construct validity and reliability of the learning programme management and evaluation (LPME) scale. Motivation for the study: The LPME scale was developed to measure and enhance the effectiveness of the management and evaluation of occupational learning programmes in the South African skills development context. Currently no such instrument exists in the South African skills development context; hence there is a need for it. Research design, approach and method: This study followed a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional design using primary data. The LPME scale was administered to a sample of 652 skills development practitioners and learners or apprentices drawn from six organisations representing at least five economic sectors in South Africa. Data were analysed using SPSS and Rasch modelling to test the validity and reliability of the new scale. Main findings: The findings show that the LPME scale is a valid and reliable 11-dimensional measure comprising 81 items. Practical/managerial implications: In view of the seriousness of the skills shortage challenge facing South Africa, this study provides a solid base upon which skills development practitioners can effectively manage and evaluate occupational learning programmes. Furthermore, the newly developed LPME scale provides a basis for further human resource development research in the quest for a solution to the skills shortage challenge. Contribution/value-add: This study contributes by developing a new scale and testing its validity and reliability. As a valid and reliable measure, the LPME scale can be applied with confidence in various South African workplaces. © 2013. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900536218	Employee performance measurement and performance appraisal policy in an organisation	Akinbowale M.A., Lourens M.E., Jinabhai D.C.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	9	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n9p342	Department of Human Resources Management, Durban University of Technology, KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	Akinbowale, M.A., Department of Human Resources Management, Durban University of Technology, KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Lourens, M.E., Department of Human Resources Management, Durban University of Technology, KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Jinabhai, D.C., Department of Human Resources Management, Durban University of Technology, KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	Performance appraisal policy has been viewed by organizations and human resources practitioners as an effective tool for human resources management. However, effective performance appraisal policy remains a practical challenge to managers and employees because of cognitive, motivational and behavioural factors. There are various methods of performance appraisal. In fact, each organization may have its own unique policy and method of appraisal. In one organization, it may be continuing and informal where personal opinion of a superior about his/her subordinates may be the basis of appraisal. In another, it may be well-defined and a particular policy and approach may be followed by all managers. Usually the method of performance appraisal dictates the time and effort spent by both supervisors and employees and determines which areas of performance are emphasized. Ideally, a performance appraisal policy should be objective, accurate and easy to perform.	Appraisal; Concepts; Employee; Measurement; Perception; Performance; Policy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84923118282	Managers’ Perceptions of the Performance Appraisal System in the Local Municipality of Gauteng Province in South Africa	Radebe P.Q.	2015	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	6	1S1	10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n1s1p175	Department of Human Resources Management, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa	Radebe, P.Q., Department of Human Resources Management, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa	Performance appraisal is a critical component of the business process of performance management. In countries where performance appraisal was effectively implemented by municipalities there had been effective and efficient delivery of services. The pressure by government and service delivery protests in South Africa engenders the prioritisation of performance appraisal to meet service delivery mandates or targets. In light of the aforementioned pressures placed on municipalities the aim in this study was to evaluate managers’ perceptions of the extent to which performance appraisal was effectively implemented in the local municipality of Gauteng Province. The research approach adopted in the study was line with the one applied by Lawler (1984). A survey research using structured questionnaire was used. Questionnaires were distributed to 94 pairs of manager-subordinates (senior, middle and lower managers). As a follow-up to gaps that existed in the questionnaire feedback structured interviews were conducted with human resources manager and the line manager. The results of the study revealed that managers believed that performance appraisal system was not effectively implemented because there was no mutual setting of performance criteria and objectives. The performance appraisal system was also not linked to pay, promotion and manpower planning; it was also not geared towards career development of employees, and there was no climate of open communication and trust in the design and implementation of performance appraisal. © 2015, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Pay-for-performance; Performance appraisal system; Performance management; Performance measures	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33747076416	Dual-task processing: Effects of task difficulty and stimulus similarity on dual-task performance	Chipunza C., Mandeya A.	2005	South African Journal of Psychology	35	4	None	Department of Industrial and Organisational Psychology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa; Department of Statistics, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa	Chipunza, C., Department of Industrial and Organisational Psychology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa; Mandeya, A., Department of Statistics, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa	Previous research on factors that influence divided attention have focused on resource allocation, age of participants, task difficulty and familiarity, practice effects as well as brain areas that control dual task performance. The present study examined the effects of task difficulty and stimulus similarity on dual-task performance. One hundred and twenty participants, divided into four equal groups were asked to read a typewritten passage and at the same time to listen to an auditory message. The tasks for each group differed in terms of similarity and difficulty. The results showed no significant main effect of task difficulty (F(1.116) = 1.36, p>0.05) and a significant main effect of stimulus similarity (F(1.116) = 51.51, p<0.05). Performance in the conditions was dependent on stimulus similarity and information type. In terms of significant interaction effects, interference effects were observed more in the easy-dissimilar and difficult-dissimilar conditions than in the easy-similar and difficult-similar conditions. The results are discussed in the context of language processing and dual-task processing. Suggestions for future research are made. © Psychological Society of South Africa. All rights reserved.	Attention; Dual-task interference; Dual-task performance; Language processing; Memory; Task difficulty	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84875383800	The impact of silo mentality on team identity: An organisational case study	Cilliers F., Greyvenstein H.	2012	SA Journal of Industrial Psychology	38	2	10.4102/sajip.v38i2.993	Department of Industrial and Organisatonal Psychology, University of South Africa, South Africa	Cilliers, F., Department of Industrial and Organisatonal Psychology, University of South Africa, South Africa; Greyvenstein, H., Department of Industrial and Organisatonal Psychology, University of South Africa, South Africa	Orientation: Organisational silos do not only refer to conscious structures, but also to an unconscious state of mind and mentality that takes on a life of its own. Silos result in the splitting of organisational artefacts and relationships, and impact negatively on relationship forming between individuals and within teams. Research purpose: The purpose of this research was to describe how the silo mentality impacts on team identity. Motivation for the study: During a recent organisational consultation the researchers realised that a so-called silo phenomenon had much more unexplained unconscious behaviour than was traditionally realised in terms of organisational development. It is hoped that findings from this qualitative study could give consultants entry into what happens below the surface in the silos' unconscious. Research design, approach and method: A qualitative and descriptive research design using a case study strategy was used. Data gathering consisted of 25 narrative interviews. Using discourse analysis four themes manifested, integrated into four working hypotheses and a research hypothesis. Trustworthiness and ethical standards were ensured. Main findings: Themes that emerged were the physical environment and structure, intra-group relations, experiences of management, and intergroup relations. Practical/managerial implications: Consulting on silo behaviour as physical structures only may not be successful in changing organisational behaviour. The silo resembles an iceberg - the largest part is below the surface. Contribution/value-add: The findings evidenced silo behaviour to be an unconscious phenomenon influencing team identity negatively. Consultants are urged to study these manifestations towards understanding silos and their effect on team identity better. © 2012. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894187929	Comparing performance of MLP and RBF neural network models for predicting South Africa's energy consumption	Oludolapo O.A., Jimoh A.A., Kholopane P.A.	2012	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	23	3	None	Department of Industrial Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa; Department of Electrical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa; Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	Oludolapo, O.A., Department of Industrial Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa; Jimoh, A.A., Department of Electrical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa; Kholopane, P.A., Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	In view of the close association between energy and economic growth, South Africa's aspirations for higher growth, more energy is required; formulating a long-term economic development plan and implementing an energy strategy for a country /industry necessitates establishing the correct relationship between energy and the economy. As insufficient energy or a lack thereof is reported to be a major cause of social and economic poverty, it is very important to select a model to forecast the consumption of energy reasonably accurately. This study presents techniques based on the development of multilayer perceptron (MLP) and radial basis function (RBF) of artificial neural network (ANN) models, for calculating the energy consumption of South Africa's industrial sector between 1993 and 2000. The approach examines the energy consumption in relation to the gross domestic product. The results indicate a strong agreement between model predictions and observed values, since the mean absolute percentage error is below 5%. When performance indices are compared, the RBF based model is a more accurate predictor than the MLP model.	Energy consumption; Gross domestic product; Multilayer perceptron; Radial basis function	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84936744415	Ceo pay-performance sensitivity in the South African context	Bussin M.	2015	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	18	2	10.17159/2222-3436/2015/v18n2a7	Department of Industrial Psychology and Human Resource Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	Bussin, M., Department of Industrial Psychology and Human Resource Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	The topic of executive pay-performance sensitivity has resulted in mixed research findings. Literature related to executive remuneration constructs, company performance measures and the underlying theories is critically reviewed in this article. The literature is compared to research findings within the South African context pre, during and post the Global Financial Crisis of 2008. The researcher found similar results in the South African context compared to research in other countries and industries. The research challenges the notion that there is one dominant theory driving CEO compensation. The principal-agent theory, supported by the optimal contract theory, are foremost during periods of strong economic performance, while the influence of managerial power and other behavioural theories appear to prevail during periods of weak economic performance. This article proposes some critical considerations in order to manage this tension. © 2015, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved.	CEO remuneration; Company performance; Compensation; Governance; Optimum contracting; Pay-performance sensitivity; principal-agent theory; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897430772	Employee Performance Management at a South African Government Organization	Khan S., Ukpere W.I.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	3	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n3p661	Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa	Khan, S., Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa; Ukpere, W.I., Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa	Performance Management is a process by which the outputs of employees are measured and controlled in order to improve organisational effectiveness and reward employees accordingly. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of Performance Management, inclusive of its policies; administration processes and systems on employees and determine how to optimize its current status at a South African Government Organization. Face-to-face interviews and performance management compliance audits were conducted with all Line Managers and a sample of employees in order to determine its impacts on employees and the management of their performance. It has been found that gaps exist in terms of understanding the use of the electronic performance management system, compliance to performance management policy & timelines, pertinent feedback from management with regard to development areas, and a lack of training initiatives to address training needs in order develop organisational effectiveness & employee morale. It is recommended that mechanisms are initiated such as information sharing sessions, feedback timelines and training plans in order to address these challenges effectually.	Challenges; Current status; Impacts; Performance Management	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897377004	Potential sources, impact and mitigation of stress in the workplace: A review and preliminary case of DB thermal	Douvaras A., Ukpere W.I.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	4	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n4p500	Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	Douvaras, A., Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa; Ukpere, W.I., Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	The objective of this paper was to investigate the causes of stress in an organisation, and its effects on individuals in the organisations, in order to propose mechanisms of mitigating stress in the workplace. Data was obtained through literatures that were reviewed as well as through a stress questionnaire, from the International Stress Management Association (ISMA), which was handed out to the procurement department in DB Thermal. An interview that was conducted with the Head of the Procurement department. The findings reveals that stress is a major issue in the workplace, hence, organisations should strive to combat it to a manageable degree, so that employees are not adversely affected. Some ameliorating mechanisms such as employee wellness programmes, stress management programs, counselling, and social support systems have been proposed to address the problems of stress at DB Thermal and any organisation. However, it should kept in mind that stress cannot be eradicated to a zero base. Some element of it is required in order to stay motivated and develop a drive towards personal and organisational goal attainment.	Conflict; Counselling; Employee wellness; Management; Organisation; Perceptions; Stress	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84948740963	Financial indicators of company performance in different industries that affect CEO remuneration in South Africa	Bussin M., Blair C.	2015	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	18	4	10.17159/2222-3436/2015/v18n4a7	Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa; School of Business Administration, University of Cumbria, United Kingdom	Bussin, M., Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa; Blair, C., School of Business Administration, University of Cumbria, United Kingdom	In an attempt to address the growing gap between chief executive officer (CEO) remuneration and that of the general worker, reign in rising CEO remuneration, and justify the portion of long-term incentive pay that makes up the bulk of CEO remuneration, shareholders and other stakeholders are trying to find definitive factors that will link CEO remuneration to company performance. Finding this link has become central to all executive remuneration issues. The results of the studies linking CEO remuneration to company performance are varied and inconclusive, particularly in South Africa. The reason for this is that previous studies have not looked at whether the company performance measures chosen have definite relationships with CEO remuneration in each industry. This study investigated eleven financial indicators of company performance to determine which of them have significant and positive relationships to CEO remuneration in different industries in South Africa. 254 South African listed companies, spread over 5 industries, were analysed for the period 2008 to 2012 using panel data analysis and statistical tests. The results were conclusive, finding performance metrics that had a positive and significant relationship to CEO remuneration in 4 of the 5 industries investigated, as well as over the aggregate of all the industries. © University of Pretoria. All rights reserved.	CEO compensation; Emerging markets; Pay-performance sensitivity; Principle-agent theory; Remuneration; Reward; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84906268828	Creation of minimum standard tool for palliative care in India and self-evaluation of palliative care programs using it	Rajagopal M.R., Joad A.K., Muckaden M., George R., Gupta H., Leng M.E.F., Palat G., Patel F., Raghavan B., Reddy S.K., Sunilkumar M.M., Tiruvadanan M., Connor S.R.	2014	Indian Journal of Palliative Care	20	3	10.4103/0973-1075.138395	Department of Palliative Care Medicine, Bhagwan Mahaveer Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India; Palliative Medicine, Tata Memorial Cancer Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; Department of Palliative Care, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India; Palliative Care, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Cairdeas International Palliative Care Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Pain and Palliative Medicine, MNJ Institute of Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India; Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Post Gradte. Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India; Department of Palliative Care, Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Trivandrum, Kerala, India; Department of Palliative Care, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States; Department of Training, Alpha Palliative Care, Edamuttam, Thrissur, Kerala, India; Lakshmi Pain and Palliative Care Trust, Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Worldwide Palliative Care Alliance, Washington, CA, United States; WHO, Collaborating Centre for Policy and Training on Access to Pain Relief, Pallium India, Trivandrum, Kerala, India	Rajagopal, M.R., WHO, Collaborating Centre for Policy and Training on Access to Pain Relief, Pallium India, Trivandrum, Kerala, India; Joad, A.K., Department of Palliative Care Medicine, Bhagwan Mahaveer Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India; Muckaden, M., Palliative Medicine, Tata Memorial Cancer Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; George, R., Department of Palliative Care, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India; Gupta, H.; Leng, M.E.F., Palliative Care, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, Cairdeas International Palliative Care Trust, United Kingdom; Palat, G., Department of Pain and Palliative Medicine, MNJ Institute of Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India; Patel, F., Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Post Gradte. Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India; Raghavan, B., Department of Palliative Care, Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Trivandrum, Kerala, India; Reddy, S.K., Department of Palliative Care, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States; Sunilkumar, M.M., Department of Training, Alpha Palliative Care, Edamuttam, Thrissur, Kerala, India; Tiruvadanan, M., Lakshmi Pain and Palliative Care Trust, Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Connor, S.R., Worldwide Palliative Care Alliance, Washington, CA, United States	Background: It is important to ensure that minimum standards for palliative care based on available resources are clearly defined and achieved. Aims: (1) Creation of minimum National Standards for Palliative Care for India. (2) Development of a tool for self-evaluation of palliative care organizations. (3) Evaluation of the tool in India. In 2006, Pallium India assembled a working group at the national level to develop minimum standards. The standards were to be evaluated by palliative care services in the country. Materials and Methods: The working group prepared a "standards" document, which had two parts - the first composed of eight "essential" components and the second, 22 "desirable" components. The working group sent the document to 86 hospice and palliative care providers nationwide, requesting them to self-evaluate their palliative care services based on the standards document, on a modified Likert scale. Results: Forty-nine (57%) palliative care organizations responded, and their self-evaluation of services based on the standards tool was analyzed. The majority of the palliative care providers met most of the standards identified as essential by the working group. A variable percentage of organizations had satisfied the desirable components of the standards. Conclusions: We demonstrated that the "standards tool" could be applied effectively in practice for self-evaluation of quality of palliative care services. © 2014 Indian Journal of Palliative Care.	Audit; Developing countries; Hospice care; India; Limited resources; National standards; Palliative care; Quality assurance; Quality improvement	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84954052353	Performance of mashona cows reared on natural rangelands with non-conventional protein supplementation in the dry Season, Zimbabwe	Gusha J., Katsande S., Zvinorova P.I., Chiuta T.	2015	Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems	18	3	None	Department of Para Clinical Veterinary Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Zimbabwe; Makoholi Research Institute, P. Bag 9182, Masvingo, Zimbabwe	Gusha, J., Department of Para Clinical Veterinary Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Zimbabwe; Katsande, S., Department of Para Clinical Veterinary Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Zimbabwe; Zvinorova, P.I., Makoholi Research Institute, P. Bag 9182, Masvingo, Zimbabwe; Chiuta, T., Department of Para Clinical Veterinary Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Zimbabwe	Performance of animals in smallholder farming systems is hindered by feed availability and feed costs that make up 60-70% of total variable cost in a farming system. The use of non-conventional feedstuffs is an alternative which can be adopted to minimize feeding costs. The study was conducted to evaluate performance of animals fed with supplements formulated on-farm in comparison with a commercial prepared supplement. Thirty Mashona cows were grouped according to age and subjected to five treatments, given twice a week from the 1st of September until 31st December for three subsequent years. The five treatment diets, beef survival meal (BSM), urea treated maize stover (UTS), Leucaena leucocephala meal (LLM), mixed forage meal (MFM) and natural pastures (NP) were randomly assigned to cows in a complete randomised design (CRD). Average weight gains were determined. Performance in the first year was not significantly different across treatments. In the subsequent years, performance remained low in the NP. Average weight gains increased in the second and third years and was significantly different across treatments (P<0.05). Performance of animals supplemented with non-conventional feed was comparable to those offered commercial BFM; hence LLM and UTS can be used as alternative protein supplements especially in resource-constrained farming systems.	Non-conventional protein sources; Protein supplements; Resource-constrained farming systems	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84875823133	Comparative evaluation of physicochemical properties of some commercially available brands of metformin Hcl tablets in Lagos, Nigeria	Olusola A.M., Adekoya A.I., Olanrewaju O.J.	2012	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	2	2	None	Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Pharm and Pharm. Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria	Olusola, A.M., Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Adekoya, A.I., Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Olanrewaju, O.J., Department of Pharm and Pharm. Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria	There are several generics of metformin hydrochloride tablets available within the drug delivery system globally. Availability of numerous brands of Metformin tablets in Nigerian drug market today places health practitioners in a dilemma of generic substitution. The objective of the study was to determine the biopharmaceutical and chemical equivalence of eight brands of Metformin tablets marketed in Nigeria using in vitro tests. The physicochemical equivalence of eight brands of Metformin hydrochloride tablets were assessed through the evaluation of both official and non-official standards such as uniformity of weight, friability, hardness, disintegration, Assay and dissolution rate. All the brands complied with the official specifications for uniformity of weight, disintegration and dissolution tests. Brand B and C had the highest and lowest crushing strength respectively. However, for the friability test, one of the eight brands failed to meet the British pharmacopoeia specification for friability. Seven brands had values within the range specified for assay in the BP while Brand G failed the test. Only brand F, G and H met the BCS biowaiver criteria for very rapidly or rapidly dissolving tablets. Of all the eight brands evaluated in this study, only four brands could be regarded as being biopharmaceutically and chemically equivalent and therefore can be interchanged in the clinical practice.	Biowaver; Dissolution test; Metformin hydrochloride; Physicochemical equivalence; Quality	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892550387	The impact of age and gender diversity on oganisational commitment	Toga R., Qwabe N.P., Mjoli T.Q.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	1	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n1p657	Department of Industrial Psychology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa	Toga, R., Department of Industrial Psychology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa; Qwabe, N.P., Department of Industrial Psychology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa; Mjoli, T.Q., Department of Industrial Psychology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa	Establishing the relationship between managers and employees' age and gender differences and the level of commitment could be of benefit to the organisations in the sense that these demographic differences can be used as predictors of employees' organisational commitment. The main purpose of the study was specifically to examine the two relational demographic differences (age and gender differences) between manager and employee and the role they play on employees' organisational commitment. A raosoft sample size calculator was used to calculate the recommended sample size; therefore an interval or systematic random sample of 100 lower level employees. A self designed biographical and occupational data questionnaire, and to measure Organisational Commitment, Meyer and Allen (1997) which consists of 18 - item Likert-type rating scale was used. Data analysis was done by means of descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and the t-test. The results indicated a significant differences in the unexpected directions in affective commitment and continuance commitment between male employees supervised by male managers and male employees supervised by female managers; male employees were found to have higher levels of affective and continuance commitment when supervised by female managers. Female employees were found to have a higher level of normative commitment when supervised by male managers than when supervised by female managers which was also in the unexpected direction. Managers should be encouraged to apply the principles of workforce diversity in personnel selection and continue to provide diversity training in the workplace so as to dispel any vestiges of resistance to diversity which may have accounted for the partial support for the similarity/attraction paradigm that was demonstrated by the results. This study provides insights and information on age and gender differences as components of diversity which play an important role in the quality of manager-employee relationship in an organisation.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892493473	The impact of organisational commitment and demographic variables on organisational citizenship behaviour	Toga R., Khayundi D.A., Mjoli T.Q.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	2	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n2p643	Department of Industrial Psychology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa	Toga, R., Department of Industrial Psychology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa; Khayundi, D.A., Department of Industrial Psychology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa; Mjoli, T.Q., Department of Industrial Psychology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa	Organisational citizenship is regarded as one of the most important factor that enhances organisational effectiveness. The main purpose of this study was to explore the impact of organisational commitment on organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB). Demographic factors, such as, age and gender effects on organisational citizenship behaviour of University employees were also examined. The study employed a quantitative research design. A stratified random sample of 68 academic and non academic staff participated in this study. A self administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaire consisted of three subsections: a self-designed biographical data questionnaire. To measure organisational commitment, Meyer and Allen's (1997) 12-item five-point Likert-type rating scale was used. To measure organisational citizenship behaviour, Podsakoff, Mackenzie, Moorman and Fetter (1990) 27-item five-point Likert-type rating scale was used. Data analysis was done by means of descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment Correlation and t-test. The results indicated the view that organisational commitment impacts positively in enhancing the organisational citizenship behaviour of the employees. The findings also revealed that age and gender play no role in the practice of employees' organisational citizenship behaviour. The practical implications of this study; in order to succeed on its mission managed should increase the levels of organisational citizenship behaviour in their employees by consistently recognizing employees who engage themselves in such behaviour.	Age; Gender; Organisational citizenship behaviour; Organisational commitment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84910027922	The impact of participative and directive leadership on organisational culture: An organisational development perspective	Bell C., Chan M., Nel P.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	23	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n23p1970	Department of Industrial Psychology, University of Fort Hare, South Africa	Bell, C., Department of Industrial Psychology, University of Fort Hare, South Africa; Chan, M., Department of Industrial Psychology, University of Fort Hare, South Africa; Nel, P., Department of Industrial Psychology, University of Fort Hare, South Africa	Leadership is critical for the success of any organisation developing a sustainable and competitive culture. Organizational culture mediates the association between leadership styles and organizational performance. The purpose of the present study was to assess the impact of participative and directive leadership on organisational culture from an organisational development perspective. The data was collected from a sample of 246 administrative departmental employees at Fort Hare University using a self-designed biographical and occupational questionnaire. To measure participative leadership, a six-item 5-point rating scale adopted from Arnold et al. (2000) was also employed. To measure directive leadership, a seven-item bi-polar rating scale adopted from Litwin and Stringer (1968) was also employed. And to measure organisational culture, a four-item 5-point rating scale adopted from the Denison Organizational Culture Survey (Denison & Neale, 1996) was also used. Data analysis was done using various statistical techniques, including descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment Correlation Technique and Multiple Regression Analysis. The results showed that participative and directive leadership have positive and significant impact on organisational culture. However, directive leadership has negative and insignificant impact on adaptability. The results also indicated that participative and directive leadership combined have no additive impact on organisational culture. However, participative leadership had a stronger effect on organisational culture than when was combined with directive leadership. The present study therefore, recommends managers to use participative leadership in their efforts to adapt their organisational cultures to achieve a sustained competitive culture. However, directive leadership may be used in certain organisational contingencies that demand it. © 2014, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Directive; Leadership; Organisational culture; Organisational development; Participative	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892489874	The impact of rewards on job satisfaction and employee retention	Terera S.R., Ngirande H.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	1	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n1p481	Department of Industrial Psychology, University of Fort Hare, South Africa; Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop campus, Private Bag 1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa	Terera, S.R., Department of Industrial Psychology, University of Fort Hare, South Africa; Ngirande, H., Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop campus, Private Bag 1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa	This study explored the impact of rewards on job satisfaction and employee retention among nurses. The objectives of this study were to determine the impact of rewards on employee retention, to establish whether there is a relationship between rewards and job satisfaction, to establish the relationship between job satisfaction and employee retention and to make recommendations to the policy makers in the organization on possible ways/strategies to improve employee retention based on the research findings. The study utilized a quantitative research design and 180 nurses were randomly selected as research participants. Self-administered questionnaires were administered to participants/respondents. The data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 20.0. Hypotheses were formulated to test the relationships between the independent variable and the dependent variable. The study revealed that employee rewards lead to employee retention but however, they do not result in job satisfaction.	Employee retention; Human resource management; Impact; Job satisfaction; Rewards	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84881501546	Assessment and evaluation of LIS education: Global commonalities and regional differences -South Africa, New Zealand, and U.S.A.	Ocholla D., Dorner D., Britz J.	2013	Libri	63	2	10.1515/libri-2013-0011	Department of Information Studies, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, Richardsbay, South Africa; School of Information Management, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand; School of Information Studies, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, United States	Ocholla, D., Department of Information Studies, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, Richardsbay, South Africa; Dorner, D., School of Information Management, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand; Britz, J., Department of Information Studies, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, Richardsbay, South Africa, School of Information Studies, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, United States	In this paper, we raise six arguments as follows: i) The assessment and evaluation of LIS education is largely done at institutional/university level where such qualifications are offered; ii) Countries have set up education and assessment mechanisms, for example qualification authorities (such as the South African Qualification Authority - SAQA) and related bodies that set and regulate education standards that work well for LIS education; iii) Professional associations in most countries, particularly in Africa and other developing regions, have no influence or control over LIS education; iv) The absence of a dedicated body or institution to regulate LIS education (which includes its assessment and evaluation) may not compromise the quality of such education, particularly if LIS education is provided within a university or another state-regulated Higher Education Institution (HEI) environment; v) Most LIS schools offer core LIS courses, but variations occur at institutional, regional and national levels in terms of the scope and depth of the core courses offered; vi) LIS education, particularly in less resourced countries where the harmonization of such education is preferred for improved cost effectiveness, is far more enriching and offers better job opportunities in the provision of information services. Finally the authors explore and discuss these arguments by using their experiences and related studies largely from South Africa, New Zealand, and the United States.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80052615074	Is there a correlation between knowledge management maturity and organizational performance?	Kruger C.J.N., Johnson R.D.	2011	VINE	41	3	10.1108/03055721111171618	Department of Informatics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Kruger, C.J.N., Department of Informatics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Johnson, R.D., Department of Informatics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Purpose: Beyond critique of current maturity models, the research literature has neglected to supply empirical evidence of the value knowledge management (KM) holds for organizations. The majority of studies, in common with other emergent business philosophies, are focused on large organizations of developed economies, where readily available implementation resources are an underlying assumption. This paper aims to address this issue and to assess the correlation between the successful institutionalization of KM and organizational performance (OP) in a developing economy. Design/methodology/approach: From a large urban South African university engaged in numerous collaboration programs with industry, the authors gained insight into KM maturity and organizational performance (OP) of three industry groups, over a five-year period. The authors apply an inventory developed by Kruger and Snyman to a set of nine organisations distributed over three economic sectors in South Africa. Findings: By evaluating the relationship between KM maturity and OP from within three "time dependent" perspectives, insight was gained to answer the aim of the research undertaken, "Is there a correlation between KM maturity and OP in South Africa?" Diagrammatic presentation of OP scores and KM maturity growth revealed that in five out of the nine organizations there is a clearly identifiable relationship between KM maturity and OP in South Africa in both entities over the period under investigation. In certain instances, the correlations were not easily noticeable and/or were non-existent. From a mathematical perspective, in comparing the correlation between growth in KM maturity and year-on-year growth in OP, it was revealed that six of the eight companies that recorded positive growth in KM maturity also recorded positive (year-on-year) growth in OP. In a similar manner, it was established that the company recording negative growth in KM maturity also recorded negative (year-on-year) growth in OP. Research limitations/implications: Because the South African scenario can be considered a benchmark for developing economies characterized by continued change, diversity and even elements of silent intolerance and conflict, this study may be viewed as a "pilot study" to provide a baseline and insight into future research of KM for enabling OP. Originality/value: This paper is of relevance to strategic managers and KM practitioners interested in gaining insight into the correlation between KM maturity and organisational performance. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Developing countries; Knowledge management; Knowledge management maturity; Organizational performance; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84856119401	Towards an Understanding, Through Action Research, of the Socio-Organizational Issues Impacting on Mobile Technology Adoption and Diffusion Within a Small-to-Medium South African Construction Company	Abrahamse J., Lotriet H.	2012	Systemic Practice and Action Research	25	1	10.1007/s11213-011-9202-z	Department of Informatics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; School of Computing, University of South Africa, P.O. Box 392, UNISA, Pretoria 0003, South Africa	Abrahamse, J., Department of Informatics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Lotriet, H., School of Computing, University of South Africa, P.O. Box 392, UNISA, Pretoria 0003, South Africa	We investigated, through an action research approach, social issues that impact on mobile technology adoption and diffusion in a professional construction management team of a small-to-medium sized South African construction company. The outcome of the study resulted in a framework of thinking that integrates social factors at individual and organisational levels that impacted on the adoption of mobile technologies in the organisation. At the methodological level the study is part of a limited collection of papers that used AR in the study of technology adoption and diffusion and it presents an example of the capability of AR as a method to allow for the integration of the social contexts of users into adoption frameworks. © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.	Action research; Adoption; Construction; Mobile technology; Socio-organisational issues; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955863545	Investigating the impact of stakeholder management on the implementation of a public access project: The case of Smart Cape	Chigona W., Roode D., Nazeer N., Pinnock B.	2010	South African Journal of Business Management	41	2	None	Department of Information Systems, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa	Chigona, W., Department of Information Systems, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Roode, D., Department of Information Systems, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Nazeer, N., Department of Information Systems, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Pinnock, B., Department of Information Systems, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa	This paper reports on a study that uses the Stakeholder Management Theory to analyse the implementation of a pilot phase of public access project, the Smart Cape Access Initiative, a Cape Town City Council e-government initiative. Data for the study was gathered through in-depth interviews with individuals who were involved, influenced and were affected by the implementation of the pilot project. The study identified the major stakeholders of the project and assessed their importance and influence on the project. Numerous interactions between the stakeholders were identified. It was further noted that no formal stakeholder management was undertaken at the identification and planning stages of the project lifecycle. In addition, results showed that there were missed opportunities for appropriate stakeholder management throughout the project. This study offers insights into agencies involved in planning and running public access projects.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79953268301	Knowledge production through collaborative research in sub-Saharan Africa: How much do countries contribute to each other's knowledge output and citation impact?	Onyancha O.B., Maluleka J.R.	2011	Scientometrics	87	2	10.1007/s11192-010-0330-5	Department of Information Science, University of South Africa, Unisa, 392, Pretoria 0003, South Africa	Onyancha, O.B., Department of Information Science, University of South Africa, Unisa, 392, Pretoria 0003, South Africa; Maluleka, J.R., Department of Information Science, University of South Africa, Unisa, 392, Pretoria 0003, South Africa	This paper examines co-authorship of research articles in Thomson Reuters citation indexes in order to assess knowledge co-production in selected sub-Saharan African countries. Two indicators, namely publications and citations, were analysed to establish the patterns of knowledge co-production and its scientific impact, respectively. The study found that knowledge production through collaborative research among sub-Saharan African countries is minimal and contributes only a small percentage when compared to collaboration between sub-Saharan African countries and their foreign counterparts. Similarly, the scientific impact of international collaboration was higher than that of continental collaboration. Countries belonging to the same geographic region contributed to each other's knowledge production more frequently than they did to the countries outside their region. It is recommended that, for knowledge co-production in sub-Saharan Africa to improve, various measures such as encouraging student and staff exchange, hosting more regional conferences and encouraging research networks need to be put in place. © 2011 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary.	Citation impact; Knowledge production; Research collaboration; Sub-Saharan Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907278733	Evaluation of employees awareness and usage of information security policy in organizations of developing countrties: A study of federal inland revenue service, Nigeria	Gadzama W.A., Katuka J.I., Gambo Y., Abali A.M., Usman M.J.	2014	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology	67	2	None	Department of Information Security, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia; Department of Computer Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia; Department of Computer Science, Adamawa State University Mubi, Nigeria; Department of Computer Science, F	Gadzama, W.A., Department of Information Security, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia; Katuka, J.I., Department of Computer Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia; Gambo, Y., Department of Computer Science, Adamawa State University Mubi, Nigeria; Abali, A.M., Department of Computer Science, Federal University Dutse, Nigeria; Usman, M.J., Department of Mathematical Sciences, Bauchi State University Gadau, Nigeria	Information security policy has become an integral part of today’s organizational operations. It is a set of rules that guides computer resource users t259429499 ensure confidentiality, integrity and availability of organization information resources. Federal Inland Revenue Service of Nigeria is a government organization that is responsible for collecting revenues to the government. Due to its nature, it is concerned with how to protect and manage its information resource. This can only be achieved through implementation of an effective information security policy. This policy will help to ensure the confidentiality, integrity and availability of its information assets are protected. The purpose of the study is to find out the precise nature of existing information security policy and also to access the level of IT staffs awareness and usage of the policy in organizations of developing countries using Federal Inland Revenue service, Nigeria as a study area. Questionnaires were distributed which consist of both open and closed ended questions. The data collected were analyzed and presented. The study reveals that the IT staffs are aware of the existence and usage of the information security policy to the success of the organization. It was also revealed that the lack of adequate management support has affected the use of the policy. The study recommends that the management support in terms of staff training and awareness programs, continuous monitoring, enforcement and periodic review of the policy should be made to ensure the effectiveness of the organization information security policy. © 2005 - 2014 JATIT & LLS. All rights reserved.	Federal Inland Revenue; Information and communication technology; Information security policy; Models; Service	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84860842865	The rural ICT comprehensive evaluation framework: Implementing the first domain, the baseline study process	Pade-Khene C., Sewry D.	2012	Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries	51	1	None	Department of Information Systems, Rhodes University, South Africa	Pade-Khene, C., Department of Information Systems, Rhodes University, South Africa; Sewry, D., Department of Information Systems, Rhodes University, South Africa	ICTs are continuously emerging as key tools to support development activities. However, with the growing implementation of such technology requires the need to account for such implementations and assess the need, process, outcome and impact of ICT projects in developing countries. Most evaluations in ICT4D tend to focus on impact assessment, yet assessing the impact of a project relies on interdependent assessments that should be conducted throughout the life of a project; especially to gauge the actual contribution of an ICT project to specified impact in a rural community. This paper presents a Rural ICT Comprehensive Evaluation Framework (RICT-CEF), which encompasses the key domains of evaluation that should be applied throughout the progression of an ICT for development project. The scope of this paper, specifically elaborates on the first two stages of the framework: 1) The Overall Evaluation Plan, and 2) The Baseline Study. These stages are explored in the Siyakhula Living Lab, an ICT4D project in South Africa, to reveal the shortcomings and suitability of the framework through lessons learned, and contribute to the continuous revision of the RICT-CEF.	Baseline study; Evaluation; Impact assessment; Project management	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-38049110257	Properties and performance of the c-chart for attributes data	Chakraborti S., Human S.W.	2008	Journal of Applied Statistics	35	1	10.1080/02664760701683643	Department of Information Systems, Statistics and Management Science, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States; Department of Statistics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Chakraborti, S., Department of Information Systems, Statistics and Management Science, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States; Human, S.W., Department of Statistics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	The effects of parameter estimation are examined for the well-known c-chart for attributes data. The exact run length distribution is obtained for Phase II applications, when the true average number of non-conformities, c, is unknown, by conditioning on the observed number of non-conformities in a set of reference data (from Phase I). Expressions for various chart performance characteristics, such as the average run length (ARL), the standard deviation of the run length (SDRL) and the median run length (MDRL) are also obtained. Examples show that the actual performance of the chart, both in terms of the false alarm rate (FAR) and the in-control ARL, can be substantially different from what might be expected when c is known, in that an exceedingly large number of false alarms are observed, unless the number of inspection units (the size of the reference dataset) used to estimate c is very large, much larger than is commonly used or recommended in practice. In addition, the actual FAR and the in-control ARL values can be very different from the nominally expected values such as 0.0027 (or ARL0=370), particularly when c is small, even with large amounts of reference data. A summary and conclusions are offered.	Average run length; Defects; In-control; Non-conformities; Out-of-control; Parameter estimation; Percentiles; Phase I; Phase II; Poisson distribution; Run length; Shewhart; Statistical process control	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84930348632	The impact of social media usage on the cognitive social capital of university students	Petersen C., Johnston K.A.	2015	Informing Science	18	1	None	Department of Information Systems, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Effcomm, Cape Town, South Africa	Petersen, C., Department of Information Systems, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, Effcomm, Cape Town, South Africa; Johnston, K.A., Department of Information Systems, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa	The impact of Social Media such as Facebook and Twitter usage has on the creation and maintenance of university students' cognitive social capital was investigated on students in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Facebook and Twitter were selected as part of the research context because both are popular online social network systems (SNSs), and few studies were found that investigated the impact that social media has on the cognitive social capital of South African university students. Data was collected from a survey questionnaire, which was successfully completed by over 100 students from all five universities within the Western Cape. The questionnaire was obtained from a previous study, allowing comparisons to be made. The research involves disciplines such as Information Systems, Psychology and Sociology, and the information gathered is meant to inform inquiry in various disciplines. Analysis of the results, however, did not show a strong relationship between the intensity of Facebook and Twitter usage and the various forms of social capital. Facebook usage was found to correlate with student satisfaction with university life, which suggests that increasing the intensity of Facebook usage for students experiencing low satisfaction with university life might be beneficial.	Bonding social capital; Bridging social capital; Cognitive social capital; Facebook; Maintained social capital; Social network systems (SNS); Twitter; University students; Usage	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84942060717	Evaluating the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on cardiovascular risk in persons with metabolic syndrome using the UKPDS risk engine	Stephen Ogedengbe O., Ezeani I.U., Chukwuonye I.I., Ndukaife Anyabolu E., Ozor I.I., Eregie A.	2015	Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy	8	None	10.2147/DMSO.S69199	Department of internal Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of internal Medicine, Federal Medical Center, Umuahia, Nigeria; Division of Nephrology, Department of internal Me	Stephen Ogedengbe, O., Department of internal Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin; Ezeani, I.U., Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of internal Medicine, Federal Medical Center, Umuahia, Nigeria; Chukwuonye, I.I., Division of Nephrology, Department of internal Medicine, Federal Medical Center, Umuahia, Nigeria; Ndukaife Anyabolu, E., Division of Nephrology, Department of internal Medicine, Imo State University Teaching Hospital, Orlu, Nigeria, Division of Nephrology, Department of internal Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Nigeria; Ozor, I.I., Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria; Eregie, A., Department of internal Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin	Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of coexistence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on the estimated cardiovascular risk as calculated using the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetic Study risk engine (UKPDS-RE) and also to determine the impact of the coexistence of MS and T2DM on the 10-year risk of developing coronary heart disease and stroke. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study in which convenience sampling technique was used to recruit 124 consecutive persons with T2DM and 96 controls using a questionnaire administered technique. The World Health Organization (WHO) criterion was used to define MS and the UKPDS-RE was used to identify persons with increased risk for stroke and those with increased risk for coronary heart disease. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Statistical comparisons were made with chi-square for comparison of proportions. A P-value of less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: Fifteen subjects were identified as having an increased 10-year risk for stroke and ten as having an increased risk for a coronary event. The odds of a T2DM subject with MS having an increased risk for stroke compared with a T2DM subject without MS was 0.9579=1 while the odds of a T2DM subject with MS developing an increased risk for a coronary event compared with a T2DM subject without MS was =3.451≈3. Conclusion: MS was more common in subjects with T2DM compared with controls (irrespec­tive of the diagnostic criteria used) and MS appears to increase the risk of a coronary event in subjects with T2DM by threefold. Also from this study, MS did not appear to cause an additional increase in the risk of stroke in subjects with T2DM. © 2015 Ogedengbe et al.	Cardiovascular disease; Coronary heart disease; Diabetes mellitus; Metabolic syndrome; UKPDS risk engine	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84911419935	On-farm evaluation of the effects of the principles and components of conservation agriculture on maize yield and weed biomass in malawi	Ngwira A.R., Aune J.B., Thierfelder C.	2014	Experimental Agriculture	50	4	10.1017/S001447971400009X	Department of International Environment and Development Studies, Noragric Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, Norway; CIMMYT, Mount Pleasant, P.O. Box MP 163, Harare, Zimbabwe	Ngwira, A.R., Department of International Environment and Development Studies, Noragric Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, Norway; Aune, J.B., Department of International Environment and Development Studies, Noragric Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, Norway; Thierfelder, C., CIMMYT, Mount Pleasant, P.O. Box MP 163, Harare, Zimbabwe	An on-farm study was conducted from 2009 to 2012 with communities in the Manjawira, Mpingu and Zidyana Extension Planning Areas in the Ntcheu, Lilongwe and Nkhotakota districts of central Malawi. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of the principles (no-tillage and mulching) and components (fertilization and weeding) of conservation agriculture (CA) on crop productivity and weeds, and the interactions between principles and components, and to suggest strategies for introducing CA to smallholder farmers. The treatments consisted of tillage, fertilizer application, residues management and weed control strategies. While combined analysis showed that mulching is as effective as tillage in controlling weeds, the interaction between site and treatment revealed that in the more humid environment of Zidyana, weed dry matter obtained under no-tillage and residues plus fertilizer (NT+F+R) was 0.6 mg ha-1 lower than under CP+F. Results suggest that about 6.0 mg ha-1 of mulch is required to have a similar effect as tillage in controlling weeds. Fertilizer had an overriding effect on maize yield, regardless of tillage and crop residue management. Mulching was beneficial over tillage in the drier environment of Manjawira, where maize yield obtained under NT+F+R was 1.2 mg ha-1 greater than under CP+F. Our results show that the introduction of no tillage has benefits only if it is accompanied by fertilizer application, retention of crop residues as surface mulch, and improved weed control. Increasing availability and accessibility of inputs (fertilizers and herbicides) to farmers is critical for adoption of CA at scale in Malawi. Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33646367919	The impact of self-efficacy and prior computer experience on the creativity of new librarians in selected universities libraries in Southwest Nigeria	Tella A., Ayeni C.O.	2006	Library Philosophy and Practice	8	2	None	Department of Library and Information Studies, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana; Federal College of Forestry Library, Ibadan, Nigeria	Tella, A., Department of Library and Information Studies, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana; Ayeni, C.O., Federal College of Forestry Library, Ibadan, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892526590	Relationship between staff development and job performance among personnel in branch libraries, university of Maiduguri, Nigeria	Saka K.A., Haruna I.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	5	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n5p9	Department of Library and Information Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; Department of Library and Information Science, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria	Saka, K.A., Department of Library and Information Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; Haruna, I., Department of Library and Information Science, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria	This study investigated Staff development as a motivating factor in job performance among personnel in branch libraries, University of Maiduguri. The study aimed at determining the relationship between staff development programmes and job performance. It was a survey research method involving 47 (professional, paraprofessional and non- professional) staff in 15 branch libraries. The entire population of 47 staff was adopted for the study and so there was no sampling. Questionnaire was the only research instrument used in data collection. Questionnaire was divided into six sections (Demographic variables of respondents, formal education, seminars/Conferences, workshop attendance, and job performance). The instrument also comprises 15 items within the six sections. The 47 copies of questionnaire were administered and retrieved by the researchers. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze demographic variables of respondents. While inferential statistic i. e Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) was used to test the four formulated hypotheses, while Multiple Regression Analysis was used to test one (1) hypothesis on the joint relationships between staff development programme and job performance at 0.05 level of significance. Response rate showed that out of the forty seven (47) copies of questionnaire administered, 34 (72%) copies were returned and found usable. Majority of the respondents were males while professional staff were the majority of respondents. Hypotheses tested revealed that formal education does not enhance job performance of staff. On the other hand Seminars/conferences and workshop attendance enhances job performance of staff. As the staff development programmes collectively increases, the job performance of staff tends to be higher. Conclusion was that there was indiscipline on the part of staff and that there was no enforcement of discipline by the management despite opportunities for formal education in the university. The increase in opportunities for the various staff development programmes increase higher job performance on the part of staff in branch libraries. Among the recommendations include strict enforcement of discipline on staff and creating opportunities for staff development by the University management.	Branch libraries; Job performance; Motivation; Relationship; Staff development; University of Maiduguri	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70450208864	Impacts of policy reforms on the livestock industry in Kenya: The case of the dairy sector	Nyariki D.M.	2009	Livestock Research for Rural Development	21	10	None	Department of Land Resource Management and Agricultural Technology, University of Nairobi, PO Box 29053, Nairobi, Kenya	Nyariki, D.M., Department of Land Resource Management and Agricultural Technology, University of Nairobi, PO Box 29053, Nairobi, Kenya	This article analyses the impact of liberalization on the dairy industry in Kenya. Much debate rages over the effects of this policy. This debate is, however, not well informed; it lacks recent studies to show events and processes taking place from the farmer to the consumer, that inform whether the policy changes have had the intended effects. The results indicate that milk production and dairy herd productivity have reduced or remained low, on average. Food security with respect to milk has reduced from a position of sufficiency to that of insufficiency. Prices have improved slightly because of increased competition, leading to a stabilization of milk supply from year to year. Dairy capital stock in the form of processing plants has increased but is underutilized because of reduced milk deliveries as a result of an upsurge of small traders that offer more competitive prices. The negative impacts of liberalization policies are mainly attributed to the unsynchronized manner in which they were introduced.	Dairy sector liberalization; Food security; Herd productivity; Milk value chain	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84875240382	The impact of ICT in learning through distance education programmes at Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU): Roles of ict in learning through distance education programmes	Mpofu J., Chimhenga S., Mafa O.	2013	Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education	14	1	None	Department of Languages and Media Studies, Zimbabwe Open University, Zimbabwe; Centre for Student Management, Zimbabwe Open University, Zimbabwe; Department of Education, Zimbabwe Open University, Zimbabwe	Mpofu, J., Department of Languages and Media Studies, Zimbabwe Open University, Zimbabwe; Chimhenga, S., Centre for Student Management, Zimbabwe Open University, Zimbabwe; Mafa, O., Department of Education, Zimbabwe Open University, Zimbabwe	Zimbabwe Distance Open University is enrols students from both urban and rural settings. The majority of students living and working in rural areas have limited or no access to computers and electricity as a result the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in the learning process is very limited. Though government has realized the importance of developing ICT for learning purposes, in practice very little has materialized in the provision of the ICT technology especially in rural areas. The majority of Zimbabwe Open University students have expressed difficulties in coping with their studies partly due to lack of supplementary reading materials from internet.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960851192	The impact of information and communication technology (ICT) in Nigerian University Libraries	Krubu D.E., Osawaru K.E.	2011	Library Philosophy and Practice	2011	MAY	None	Department of Library and Information Science, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria	Krubu, D.E., Department of Library and Information Science, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria; Osawaru, K.E., Department of Library and Information Science, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-30844473299	The impact of ICT (internet) on research and studies: The experience of Delta State University Students in Abraka, Nigeria	Adogbeji O.B., Akporhonor B.A.	2005	Library Hi Tech News	22	10	10.1108/07419050510644347	Department of Library and Information Science, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria; Delta State University Library, Abraka, Nigeria	Adogbeji, O.B., Department of Library and Information Science, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria; Akporhonor, B.A., Delta State University Library, Abraka, Nigeria	Purpose - This study seeks to explore how students are increasingly using the Internet to support instruction and research needs in addition to heavy e-mail usage. The extension of this research suggests more positive impact from the Internet in almost every aspect of academic life and suggests the need for more access at reduced costs on and near this campus. Design/methodology/approach - A questionnaire was used to survey a sample of students about their internet practices. Findings - Students are now coming to university with more background in technology and the role of the internet and other ICTs. The demand for internet service will continue to grow and how the university should respond to meet this greater demand is the focus of this research. Orig inality/value - Study suggests that the impact of the ICTs and internet service for e-mail and other research activities related to the role of studying suggests that access is a key problem that must be scaled better so that students and faculty have improved access. This situation should continue to be monitored and the study suggests that more and more university affiliates will need improved access to internet resources. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Academic	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84913530785	Transforming south african libraries through leadership education: A programme evaluation	Hart G.C., Hart M.	2014	Libri	64	4	10.1515/libri-2014-0030	Department of Library and Information Science, Faculty of Arts, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Commerce, Cape Town, South Africa	Hart, G.C., Department of Library and Information Science, Faculty of Arts, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa; Hart, M., Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Commerce, Cape Town, South Africa	This article emanates from the independent evaluation of a South African library leadership education programme, run by the Centre for African Library Leadership (CALL). The programme's rationale lies in the drive to transform South African librarianship in the face of a range of challenges-some of them inherited from the apartheid past, others shared with libraries throughout the world. The Carnegie Corporation-sponsored programme aimed at developing leadership insights and qualities in current and potential future library managers. The article reports on the evaluative methodology, which comprised a questionnaire survey of all course alumni, interviews of CALL managers, and five sets of focus group interviews with course alumni and alumni of the followup Train-the-Trainer courses. The very positive results of the questionnaire survey are described and analysed, and key themes and comments emerging from several openended questions are discussed. Triangulation is provided by in-depth comments from the five focus groups, and in the process important themes are uncovered. The distinctive strengths of the programme were found to be its sensitivity to the South African context and its "inside-out" approach to leadership training. In most aspects the programme was found to be very successful, although there was uncertainty about its further continuance and the roles of the Train-the-Trainer alumni. The evaluation suggests that the CALL programme should serve as a model for transformative leadership education in South Africa and beyond. Recommendations include continuation of such projects to a wider set of libraries and their staff, with further use of the experiential approach to training, theory grounded in hands-on practice, and emphasis on self-development and self-awareness. However, the full potential of such programmes can only be realised if senior library management buys in to the values of the programme, and is engaged in implementation plans. © 2014 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston 2014.	Education; Evaluation; Leadership; South Africa; Transformation	None	Carnegie Corporation of New York
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904865493	Book availability and performance measure in an academic library: The case of the Walter Sisulu University (WSU) library, Mthatha Campus	Alabi G.A.	2011	Library Philosophy and Practice	2011	JAN	None	Department of Library and Information Science, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa	Alabi, G.A., Department of Library and Information Science, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947057579	The impact of public access venue information and communication technologies in Botswana public libraries	Totolo A., Renken J., Sey A.	2015	Evidence Based Library and Information Practice	10	3	None	Department of Library and Information Studies, Faculty of Humanities, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana; Management and Information Systems, Centre for Development Informatics, University of Manchester Manchester, England, United Kingdom; Technology and Social Change Group, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States	Totolo, A., Department of Library and Information Studies, Faculty of Humanities, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana; Renken, J., Management and Information Systems, Centre for Development Informatics, University of Manchester Manchester, England, United Kingdom; Sey, A., Technology and Social Change Group, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States	Objective - A study on the impact of Public Access Venue (PAV) Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) was conducted in Botswana libraries with Internet connections. The main objective was to determine the impact of ICTs in public libraries. Methods -Using the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework as a theoretical lens, the study used semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions to investigate the impact of PAV ICTs in 4 study sites, resulting in data from a total of 39 interviews and 4 focus groups. Methods -Using the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework as a theoretical lens, the study used semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions to investigate the impact of PAV ICTs in 4 study sites, resulting in data from a total of 39 interviews and 4 focus groups. Results - The results of the study show that PAV ICTs had a positive impact on users in the areas of education and economic benefits. Within educational and economic impacts, social benefits were also found, pertaining to the use of social media and the Internet for formal and informal communication. The study also revealed a slight difference between school going users and non-school going elderly users where the use and acquisition of computer skills was concerned. Elderly non-school going users tended to rely on venue staff for skills more than the younger school going users. Conclusion - The study recommends that PAV facilities should be improved in terms of skills offered and resources availed so as to appeal to both the younger school going generation and the older non-school going users. It is also recommended that education on ICT be improved to help curb rising unemployment in Botswana; such skills would enhance the income generation skills of the unemployed users as well as school leavers. © 2015 Totolo, Renken, and Sey.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960096813	The performance of library staffs in reference works in selected institutions in Ibadan	Fabunmi S.O.	2010	European Journal of Scientific Research	41	2	None	Department of Library, Archival and Information Studies, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Fabunmi, S.O., Department of Library, Archival and Information Studies, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	The study investigated the performance of the work skill of reference services staffs of the selected institutions in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. It was conducted ex post facto using the descriptive survey research design. The purposive sampling technique was adopted for the selection of three libraries in the state. These are Kenneth Dike Library, The Polytechnic Library and the NISER library. Thirty-six (36) reference staffs were selected using the stratified random sampling technique. While two hundred and forty-five of the reference section users were selected using the availability sampling technique; the researcher administered copies of the questionnaire personally. It involved seeking for permission and explaining the purpose of the study to respondents. The whole exercise lasted about two weeks. Frequency and percentages were the main statistics used for the analysis of data. The study established that references services constitute an important aspect of librarianship and the library staffs performed their reference services effectively. There are no standards in terms of reference services offered in all the libraries and it is recommended that there should be standards. © 2010 EuroJournals Publishing, Inc.	Librarian work skills; Performance of reference services; Reference services; Reference work	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949818641	Impact of structure on organisational performance of seleceted technical and service firms in Nigeria	Ogbo A.I., Chibueze N.F., Christopher O.C., Anthony I.A.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	13	1CONT10	None	Department of Management, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria; Department of Business Administration, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria	Ogbo, A.I., Department of Management, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria; Chibueze, N.F., Department of Management, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria; Christopher, O.C., Department of Business Administration, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria; Anthony, I.A., Department of Management, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria	The study aimed at establishing the impact of structure on organizational performance. Organizations today are becoming more automated and complex, hence, the need to maintain and improve performance by structuring and restructuring based on changing strategy. The study was conducted using the survey approach. The geographical scope of study was Innoson Nigeria Ltd, and Etisalat, Enugu Regional Office. Two sources of data were utilised in the study: they included primary and secondary sources. The primary source was the administration of copies of designed questionnaire to a total of eighty (80) respondents that made up the sample for the study. Out of the eighty (80) copies administered, seventy eight (78) were completed and returned. Simple percentage (%), chi-square (*a) and correlation were used in analysis of the data and in testing the three hypotheses. Findings revealed that decentralization enhanced better and more informed decision making in technical and service firms in Nigeria; that task routine affected staff productivity both positively and negatively; and that a significant positive relationship existed between narrow span of control and efficiency in organizations. The study concluded and recommended among others that managers of organizations should adopt more decentralized forms of structures as means of improving the decision making process; that managers should combine both task routine and variety in organizing employees for carrying out task in order to reap the advantages of both systems of task assignment; and that employees should be empowered to be more innovative in carrying out tasks, whether routine or not. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All right rserved.	Automated; Decentralization; Organisational performance; Restructuring; Strategy; Structure; Task routine	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-71149099123	Revisiting test stability: Further evidence relating to the measurement of difference in performance on a test of academic literacy	van der Slik F., Weideman A.	2009	Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies	27	3	10.2989/SALALS.2009.27.3.6.940	Department of Linguistics, Radboud University, PO Box 9103, 6500 HD Nijmegen, Netherlands; Department of English, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa	van der Slik, F., Department of Linguistics, Radboud University, PO Box 9103, 6500 HD Nijmegen, Netherlands, Department of English, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Weideman, A., Department of English, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa	In several earlier analyses of two tests of academic literacy - the Test of Academic Literacy Levels (TALL) and its Afrikaans counterpart, the Toets vir Akademiese Geletterdheidsvlakke (TAG) - we have adopted an approach to the problem that tests may be abused (and therefore used to harm people) by discussing various antidotes to this, so as to ensure fairness and consistency in the tests we use, as well as by demonstrating how the process of test development and implementation might be made more transparent. We have pointed out that a true measure of the stability of such tests may only become apparent when we have data stretching across a number of years. This article reports on an investigation of differing measures of performance on the two tests in question across several of their administrations between 2005 and 2008. We point to a number of ways in which empirical measures may be used to achieve benign, enabling effects on those tested. © NISC Pty Ltd.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33846595689	Playing football without a ball: Language, reading and academic performance in a high-poverty school	Pretorius E.J., Mampuru D.M.	2007	Journal of Research in Reading	30	1	10.1111/j.1467-9817.2006.00333.x	Department of Linguistics, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of African Languages, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Linguistics, University of South Africa, PO Box 392, Pretoria 0003, South Africa	Pretorius, E.J., Department of Linguistics, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa, Department of Linguistics, University of South Africa, PO Box 392, Pretoria 0003, South Africa; Mampuru, D.M., Department of African Languages, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa	Second language (L2) reading research suggests that there is a complex interplay between L2 proficiency, first language (L1) reading and L2 reading. However, not much is known about the effect of L1 proficiency on L1 reading, and of L1 reading on L2 reading, or vice versa, in bilingual settings when readers have few opportunities for extensive reading in their L1. The relationships between L1 (Northern Sotho) and L2 (English) proficiency and L1 and L2 reading were examined in Grade 7 learners attending a high-poverty primary school in South Africa, during the course of a year when a reading intervention programme was implemented. The effect that attention to reading and accessibility of books had on the learners' reading proficiency in both languages was examined, and the factors that predicted academic performance were analysed. When the learners were engaged in more reading, L2 reading contributed more variance to L1 reading than L1 proficiency. Reading in both languages also contributed significantly to academic performance. The study highlights the need for more cross-linguistic reading research in different educational settings. © United Kingdom Literacy Association 2007.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84923919095	Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf meal on finisher pig growth performance, meat quality, shelf life and fatty acid composition of pork	Mukumbo F.E., Maphosa V., Hugo A., Nkukwana T.T., Mabusela T.P., Muchenje V.	2014	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	44	4	10.4314/sajas.v44i4.9	Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, P/Bag X1314, Alice, South Africa; Department of Microbial Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Mukumbo, F.E., Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, P/Bag X1314, Alice, South Africa; Maphosa, V., Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, P/Bag X1314, Alice, South Africa; Hugo, A., Department of Microbial Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Nkukwana, T.T., Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, P/Bag X1314, Alice, South Africa; Mabusela, T.P., Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, P/Bag X1314, Alice, South Africa; Muchenje, V., Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, P/Bag X1314, Alice, South Africa	The effect of dietary inclusion of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) on the feed conversion ratio (FCR) of finisher pigs, physico-chemical meat quality, fatty acid (FA) composition and shelf life of pork was investigated. A six-week feeding trial was conducted with 24 Large White x Landrace gilts aged 14 weeks. Each pig was housed individually and randomly allocated to one of four dietary treatments, containing 0%, 2.5%, 5% or 7.5% MOLM, with six replicates per treatment. Feed intake was measured daily, pig liveweight was measured weekly, and average daily gains (ADGs) and FCR were calculated. Pigs were slaughtered at 20 weeks old and measurements of backfat thickness, pH45min and pH24h were taken. Muscularis longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle samples from each carcass were analysed for physico-chemical quality. Muscle, subcutaneous fat and feed samples were analysed for FA composition and health lipid indices of atherogenicity (AI) and thrombogenicity (IT) were calculated. A 10-day shelf-life study was conducted, during which instrumental and sensory meat colour and odour were assessed. Pigs fed 7.5% MOLM had significantly higher average daily feed intakes (3.56 kg/day) than pigs fed 0%, 2.5% and 5% MOLM (3.05, 3.14 and 3.07 kg/day, respectively). The FCR of pigs fed 0%, 2.5% and 5% MOLM did not differ significantly (3.34, 3.44 and 3.22, respectively). However, the FCR of pigs fed 7.5% MOLM was significantly poorer (3.78). No significant differences were observed for carcass and physico-chemical quality traits. MOLM inclusion improved shelf life, as meat samples from MOLM-fed pigs exhibited significantly prolonged acceptability of colour and odour during 10 days of refrigerated storage. Although the n-6: n-3 FA ratios of the dietary treatments containing MOLM were significantly improved (T1 = 35.45, T2 = 22.08, T3 = 14.24, T4 = 15.90), no significant differences were observed for this ratio in the fat composition of the meat or subcutaneous fat samples between treatments. A significant reduction in intramuscular fat and stearic acid content was observed with increasing levels of MOLM. However, all other FA profiles, ratios and health lipid indices did not differ significantly across treatments. In conclusion, up to 5% MOLM may be included in finisher pig feed with no negative effect on feed conversion efficiency, carcass and meat quality traits, and may improve shelf life of pork. However, inclusion levels of 7.5% MOLM may lower FCR. The MOLM inclusion significantly improved the FA composition of the feed, but did not produce the desired improvements in FA composition of meat, probably because of the prominence of fat deposition by de novo lipogenesis in finisher pigs rather than direct incorporation of dietary fatty acids.	anti-nutrient factors; fatty acid ratios; Moringa oleifera; pork colour; pork odour	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893735555	Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf meal on growth performance, apparent digestibility, digestive organ size and carcass yield in broiler chickens	Nkukwana T.T., Muchenje V., Pieterse E., Masika P.J., Mabusela T.P., Hoffman L.C., Dzama K.	2014	Livestock Science	161	1	10.1016/j.livsci.2014.01.001	Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, Alice, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Department of Animal Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa; Agricultural Development and Research Institute, University of Fort Hare, Alice, Eastern Cape, South Africa	Nkukwana, T.T., Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, Alice, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Muchenje, V., Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, Alice, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Pieterse, E., Department of Animal Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa; Masika, P.J., Agricultural Development and Research Institute, University of Fort Hare, Alice, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Mabusela, T.P., Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, Alice, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Hoffman, L.C., Department of Animal Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa; Dzama, K., Department of Animal Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa	The effects of dietary supplementation of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) as a growth promoter on the growth performance, apparent digestibility, digestive organ size, and carcass yield of broiler chickens were investigated. A total of 2400 one-day-old Cobb-500 broiler chicks of mixed sex were randomly allocated to five dietary treatments in six replications of 80 birds per pen. Fresh, green and undamaged mature M. oleifera leaves were collected from a number of trees from the same village to avoid variations in soil micronutrient content; and were grinded to produce MOLM. Dietary treatments were as follows: positive control (+C) with 668g salinomycin and 500g zinc bacitracin per kg of feed; MOLMlow (ML; 1, 3 and 5); MOLMmedium (MM; 3, 9 and 15g); MOLMhigh (MH; 5, 15 and 25g)] per kg of feed; and a negative control (-C; without supplementation). Diets were fed for 35d in starter, grower and finisher phases; and birds were provided feed and water ad libitum. At 35d of age, 12 birds per treatment, two from each replicate pen, were randomly selected, electrically stunned at 70V and killed by cervical dislocation for determination of carcass and organ weights. Bird weight at 7 and 21d of age, birds fed MH had the highest BW, while +C had the lowest (P&lt;0.05). No significant differences were observed in FI between treatments during periods from 0 to 21d and 0 to 35d; FCR was the highest (P&lt;0.05) in birds supplemented with MOLM, except for MM; and was the lowest in those on the +C. Birds in ML had the highest thigh weights, and MH had the lowest (P&lt;0.05). Gizzard erosion score was the lowest in MH and the highest in MM (P&lt;0.001). Mortality rate was the highest (P&lt;0.05) in MH from day 22 to 28 and was the lowest in ML and MM (1.3% vs. 0.21%); and was mainly due to sudden death. There were no significant differences in apparent digestibility for ash, ether extract (EE), crude fiber (CF), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) among treatments. It was concluded that supplementation of M. oleifera leaf meal up to 25g per kg of feed did not impair nutrient utilization efficiency, but enhanced the bird's genetic potential for growth performance. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.	Broiler chickens; Carcass yield; Digestive organ size; Growth performance; Moringa oleifera leaf meal	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892542887	The impact of product quality on perceived value, trust and students' intention to purchase electronic gadgets	Chinomona R., Okoumba L., Pooe D.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	14	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n14p463	Department of Logistics, Vaal University of Technology, Private Bag X021, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South Africa; Vaal University of Technology, South Africa	Chinomona, R., Department of Logistics, Vaal University of Technology, Private Bag X021, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South Africa; Okoumba, L., Vaal University of Technology, South Africa; Pooe, D., Vaal University of Technology, South Africa	Increasing attention on the role played by product quality on desirable customer behavioural outcomes has been empirically examined over the past decades. Nevertheless, there are significant issues yet to be addressed and resolved, one of which relates to the influences of the quality of electronic gadgets on students' perceived value, trust and their intention to purchase. In view of this research gap, five posited hypotheses are empirically tested using a sample of 151 in South Africa. The results supports all the posited hypotheses except hypothesis four which although positive as postulated, is insignificant. Managerial implications of the findings are discussed and limitations and future research directions are indicated.	Business performance; Information technology; Logistics integration; Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs); Strategic purchasing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903985919	The impact of islamic banking on entrepreneurial motivation, firm competitiveness and performance in South African small and medium enterprises	Hove P., Sibanda K., Pooe D.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	15	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n15p165	Department of Logistics, Vaal University of Technology, Private Bag X021, Vanderbijlpark, 1900, South Africa; University of Fort Hare, Alice, East London, South Africa; Department of Logistics, Private Bag X021, Vanderbijlpark, 1900, South Africa	Hove, P., Department of Logistics, Vaal University of Technology, Private Bag X021, Vanderbijlpark, 1900, South Africa; Sibanda, K., University of Fort Hare, Alice, East London, South Africa; Pooe, D., Department of Logistics, Private Bag X021, Vanderbijlpark, 1900, South Africa	Through its commonly recognised characteristics of zero interest loans and the sharing of profits, losses and risks Islamic banking is rapidly gaining importance in the contemporary business world. Yet, there is little empirical evidence that point to the impact of Islamic banking on the key economic drivers such as entrepreneurship, competition and performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) particularly in South Africa. Hence, this paper examined the impact of Islamic banking on entrepreneurial motivation, firm competitiveness and business performance of SMEs in South Africa. To this end, a survey was carried out and data was gathered by means of questionnaires on a sample of 150 SME owners/managers in the Eastern Cape and Gauteng Provinces. Structural equation modelling was employed to analyse data using the Smart Partial Least Squares (PLS) software. The findings reveal that Islamic banking has a positive impact on both entrepreneurial motivation and firm competitiveness while the relationship between entrepreneurial motivation and the business performance of SMEs was found not to be significant. Furthermore, the study found that firm competitiveness has a highly significant and strongly positive impact on business performance of SMEs. In view of these findings, the paper concludes with some implications and policy recommendations for both the banks and the government.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84910092886	The impact of years of buying experience on information sources used by craft retailers in South Africa	Makhitha K.M.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	23	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n23p1553	Department of Logistics, Vaal University of Technology, South Africa	Makhitha, K.M., Department of Logistics, Vaal University of Technology, South Africa	The SA government has identified the craft industry as a key focus area contributing to sustainable development, economic growth and employment opportunities. However the industry faces many challenges such as global competition and lack of resources. More importantly, craft producers in SA cannot access the craft retailer market successfully which limit their financial success. The purpose of this study is to investigate the sources of information used by craft retailers in South Africa. Another purpose was to ascertain if sources of information used by craft retailers differ for retailers with different years of buying experience. A self-administered survey was conducted among craft retailers and a sample of 233 were realised. The descriptive statistics are reported as well as factor analysis, ANOVA and MANOVA results. The results indicated that craft retailers consult certain information sources more often than others. Information sources were grouped into three factors after the factor analysis: internal and personal information, promotional information and print advertising. There were no statistical significant differences found between the different types of craft retailers and years of buying experience. © 2014 Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Craft industry; Craft producers; Craft retailers; Information sources; Years of buying experience	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84887140836	Business owner's expertise, employee skills training and business performance: A small business perspective	Chinomona R.	2013	Journal of Applied Business Research	29	6	None	Department of Logistics, Vaal University of Technology, South Africa	Chinomona, R., Department of Logistics, Vaal University of Technology, South Africa	While researches on small businesses have grown substantially, there seem to be a paucity of researches that specifically investigate the effects of small business owner's expertise on employees' skills training and small business performance. In order to fill this void the current study examined the direct effects of small business owner expertise on small business performance and the mediating influence of employee skills training in this relationship. To empirically test the three (3) posited hypotheses, a sample data of 221 was collected from small business employees in Zimbabwe. The results indicate that small business owner's expertise positively influence employees' skills training and small business performance in a significant way. Managerial implications of the findings are discussed and limitations and future research directions are indicated. © author(s) Creative Commons License CC-BY.	Business performance; Employee training; Expert power; Small and medium enterprises	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33646791464	Performance evaluation of the regulatory institutions in the management of distress in Nigerian banking system	Oladele P.O., Asaolu T.O., Oyesanmi O.	2006	European Journal of Social Sciences	2	2	None	Department of Management and Accounting, Faculty of Administration, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-ife, Nigeria	Oladele, P.O., Department of Management and Accounting, Faculty of Administration, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-ife, Nigeria; Asaolu, T.O., Department of Management and Accounting, Faculty of Administration, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-ife, Nigeria; Oyesanmi, O., Department of Management and Accounting, Faculty of Administration, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-ife, Nigeria	This paper presents a performance evaluation of the regulatory institutions in the management of distress in Nigerian banking system. Data were generated through a survey conducted among 480 workers from banking and financial institutions. The research identified some endogenous and exogenous factors as causes of distress in the banking sector. There was a significant association between bank fraud and distress, deceitful annual report and ineffective monitoring of the banks by the regulatory institutions. Distress in the banking industry was associated mainly with mismanagement and board squabbles. There was general consensus that a well-regulated banking system is the major antidote towards prevention of distress.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79952147780	Marketing segmentation practices and performance of Nigerian commerical banks	Onaolapo A.A., Salami A.O., Oyedokun A.J.	2011	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	29	None	Department of Management and Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria	Onaolapo, A.A., Department of Management and Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Salami, A.O., Department of Management and Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Oyedokun, A.J., Department of Management and Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria	The paper examines the impact of marketing segmentation practices on the performance of selected Nigerian commercial banks in the post consolidation era 2005 to date. Data employed were mainly secondary while the research design was exploratory in nature relating such basic variables as market segmentation practices of market share; pricing and geographical branch location to performance. Statistical test using Herfindahl Hirschman Index was used as surrogate for market concentration which was tested against performance. Findings indicate that banks with high level of market share demonstrate high customer retention ability and lower overall unit operating expenses. © EuroJournals, Inc. 2011.	Customer Retention Capability, Operating expense and Market share; Market segmentation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79251638802	Comparative ports performance efficiency measurement in developing nations: A matching framework analysis (M FA) approach	Ogunsiji A.S., Ogunsiji O.O.	2011	European Journal of Social Sciences	18	4	None	Department of Management and Accounting, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Department of Logistics and Supply Chain Management, Heriot - Watt University Edinburgh, United Kingdom	Ogunsiji, A.S., Department of Management and Accounting, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Ogunsiji, O.O., Department of Logistics and Supply Chain Management, Heriot - Watt University Edinburgh, United Kingdom	This paper acknowledges the significance of ports operation as the driver of engine of growth in developing nations. It also accepted logistics as the formidable influencer of ports "Core Competence" and its management as the roadmap involved in the efficient and effective configuration of two important flows (product and information) which often facilitates distribution. The paper explored the problems bedeviling the various efficiency measurement techniques of performance at the ports. It identified the matching framework analysis as the appropriate method for measuring performance efficiency at the Nigeria ports cognizant of disproportionate problems attendant to the simple operations there. The application of MFA, matched the identifiable problems to the three major configuration of environment, structure and strategy over a period six years (2001-2006) therefore make ground breaking recommendations that could plummet the driving capability of the port for economic growth and development.	Configuration; Environment; Infrastructural-rejuvenation; Matching framework; Occupancy berth rate; Strategy; Structure	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84860822519	Impact of information and communication technology investment on the on productivity of selected sachet water companies in Oyo state	Akanbi T.A., Adewoye J.O.	2012	International Business Management	6	1	10.3923/ibm.2012.1.7	Department of Management and Accounting, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria	Akanbi, T.A., Department of Management and Accounting, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Adewoye, J.O., Department of Management and Accounting, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria	The high level of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) investment in business enterprise makes it imperative to investigate the effects of management practice on ICT usage and effect of ICT investment on companies productivity. This study therefore examines the impact of ICT investment on the performance of sachet water companies a sub sector of Small Medium Enterprise (SME) in Oyo state, Nigeria. The study was carried out on 60 randomly selected sachet water companies that registered with National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) and Association of Table Water Association Producers (ATWAP). Both primary and secondary data were used in the study. While the later was obtained from the book of accounts of the selected sachet water companies the primary data was collected with the aid of questionnaires and scheduled interviews conducted to the staffers of all categories in these companies. The data were subsequently analyzed using both descriptive (percentages and tables) and inferential statistic that includes Cobb-Douglas production function which was used to measured productivity. The study revealed that substantial proportion of respondents strongly agreed that the firm used mobile phone to communicate with customers. A striking result was that all the respondents unanimously responded in affirmative to breakdown and malfunctioning of ICT devices. However, 96.7% of the respondents confirmed the problem of irregular electric power supply as constraints militating against ICT usage. Years of existence of the companies, capital base and educational level of the manager have significant effects on the extent of ICT usage. Also to evaluate the effects of ICT investment on companies productivity, the three variables that were found to have significant effect on companies performance were ICT capital, non-ICT capital and ICT labour while non-ICT labour does not have any significant effect on companies performance. The study concluded that ICT investment had positive effects on the performance of selected sachet water companies in Nigeria. Based on these findings, it was recommended that sachet water companies should be ICT compliance. © Medwell Journals, 2012.	ICT; Investment; Manager; Nigeria; Productivity; Smes	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960103770	Impact of job stress on Managers' Performance	Salami A.O., Ojokuku R.M., Ilesanmi O.A.	2010	European Journal of Scientific Research	45	2	None	Department of Management and Accounting, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Department of Business Administration, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	Salami, A.O., Department of Management and Accounting, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Ojokuku, R.M., Department of Management and Accounting, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Ilesanmi, O.A., Department of Business Administration, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	This paper assesses empirically the impact of job stress on Nigerian Managers' Performance. In carrying out the study, random sampling technique was used to select 135 managers who have worked at least 5 years in a managerial position. Relevant data were collected using structured questionnaire. The Z-score was used to test the study hypothesis. The findings showed that job stress brings about subjective effects such as fear, anger and anxiety among Nigerian managers resulting in poor concentration, mental block and poor decision making skills. Based on these findings, it was recommended that organizations in Nigeria should reduce psychological strain, work overload and role ambiguity through adoption of job redesign techniques. Organizational support activities such as counseling and stress reduction workshops should also be increased. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2010.	Job redesign; Job stress; Managerial performance; Organizational support	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78650198222	Impact of microfinance bank on standard of living of hairdresser in ogbomoso north local government of Oyo State, Nigeria	Abiola I., Salami A.O.	2011	International Business Management	5	1	10.3923/ibm.2011.27.32	Department of Management and Accounting, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria	Abiola, I., Department of Management and Accounting, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Salami, A.O., Department of Management and Accounting, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria	The thrusts of this study are to determine the impact of Microfinance bank on standard of living of hairdressers in Ogbomoso North Local Government Area (LGA) of Oyo State and to examine the impact of Microfinance on asset acquisition and savings of hairdressers in that LGA. A total of 49 hairdressers who registered with Ogbomoso North LGA were used as study sample. Data were collected using questionnaire and hypothesis was used using Chi-square technique. The hypothesis was rejected at 5% significant level. It was then concluded that there is a significant relationship between Microfinance bank efforts and standard of living of hairdressers in Ogbomoso North LGA. Recommendations was thus made that government through the Apex bank (CBN) should ensure that Microfinance bank loans are easily obtainable and repayment should include a grace period with reasonable schedule instead of weekly payment period that is commonly found among the microfinance banks in Nigeria. © Medwell Journals, 2011.	Hairdressing; Liquidity; Micro enterprises; Micro-credit; Microfinance bank; Poverty; Standard of living	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956529754	Markov chain Monte Carlo for maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) and its performance with maximum pseudo likelihood estimation (MPLE)	Salami A.O., Ayantoyinbo B.B.	2010	European Journal of Social Sciences	15	3	None	Department of Management and Accounting, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Department of Transport Management, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria	Salami, A.O., Department of Management and Accounting, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Ayantoyinbo, B.B., Department of Transport Management, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria	Markov chain Monte Carlo is a general tool for simulation of complex stochastic processes useful in many types of statistical inference. The basics of Markov chain Monte Carlo are reviewed. Including choice of algorithms and variance estimation, and some new methods are introduced. The use of Markov chain Monte Carlo for maximum likelihood estimation is explained, and its performance is compared with maximum pseudo likelihood estimation.	Gibbs sampler; Markov chain; Maximum likelihood; Metropolis algorithm; Monte Carlo; Variance estimation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84938916299	Innovation strategy and performance of international technology services ventures: The moderating effect of structural autonomy	Ndubisi N.O., Capel C.M., Ndubisi G.C.	2015	Journal of Service Management	26	4	10.1108/JOSM-04-2015-0118	Department of Management and Marketing, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; University of Southern Queensland, Gold Coast, Australia; Department of Sociology, Anambra State University, Igbariam, Nigeria	Ndubisi, N.O., Department of Management and Marketing, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Capel, C.M., University of Southern Queensland, Gold Coast, Australia; Ndubisi, G.C., Department of Sociology, Anambra State University, Igbariam, Nigeria	Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the moderating role of structural autonomy in the relationship between innovation strategy and performance of international technology services ventures (ITVs). Design/methodology/approach - Data were collected from 200 ITVs serving markets outside their country of origin. Instrumentation followed standard procedure by adapting validated and parsimonious items from existing literature. Factor and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were applied to examine the hypothesised relationships. Findings - The results indicate a significant relationship between innovation strategy (namely service products innovation, process innovation and administrative innovation) and performance of ITVs. Structural autonomy moderates the relationship between process innovation, administrative innovation and performance. There is no moderating effect of autonomy in the association of service products innovation and performance. Research limitations/implications - The study corroborates the argument that service firms have more to gain by granting autonomy. In the context of ITVs, such gains are directly linked to performance through enhanced innovation in service products, processes and administration. It adds to the growing suggestions and rebuttals in the literature of a trade-off between innovation and communication; and between exploration of new knowledge and exploitation of existing knowledge in organisations when there is autonomy. Practical implications - Management can increase innovation and performance by granting greater autonomy to employees. Managers who are concerned that autonomy’s capacity to increase innovation capability may come at the expense of intra-organisational communication can be assured that intra-organisation communications can exist in the face of autonomy, and there is no real trade-off after all. Similarly, there is no basis for any concern for potential trade-off between exploration of new knowledge and exploitation of existing knowledge in organisations. Originality/value - Research suggests that autonomy of subsidiaries, units, groups or individuals encourages innovation, and that innovation strategy can enhance organisational performance. However, there is a counter-argument that same autonomy potentially hinders exploitation and performance of innovations. The study sheds more light on these anecdotal views based on data from ITVs. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Autonomy; Innovation strategy; International technology services venture; ITVs; Non-financial performance; Structural autonomy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78649791393	Capital structure and firm performance: Evidence from Nigeria	Onaolapo A.A., Kajola S.O.	2010	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	25	None	Department of Management Science, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Department of Accounting, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria	Onaolapo, A.A., Department of Management Science, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Kajola, S.O., Department of Accounting, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria	This paper examines the impact of capital structure on firm's financial performance using sample of thirty non- financial firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange during the seven- year period, 2001- 2007. Panel data for the selected firms are generated and analyzed using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) as a method of estimation. The result shows that a firm's capital structure surrogated by Debt Ratio, DR has a significantly negative impact on the firm's financial measures (Return on Asset, ROA and Return on Equity, ROE). The study by these findings, indicate consistency with prior empirical studies and provide evidence in support of Agency cost theory. © EuroJournals, Inc. 2010.	Agency cost; Capital structure; Firm performance; Roa; Roe	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77952868713	Impact of inventory and warehousing costs in total logistics cost of manufacturing companies in Southwestern, Nigeria	Olayinka S.A.	2010	International Business Management	4	1	10.3923/ibm.2010.14.19	Department of Management Science, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria	Olayinka, S.A., Department of Management Science, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria	The research aims to analyse the impact of cost parameters of total logistics cost with emphasis on Inventory and warehousing costs, with a view to minimizing cost and enhance effective warehousing services in manufacturing companies. The inventory is basically the carrying cost, while the warehousing costs include Picking/Retrieval costs, packing costs and loading costs. The research adopted case study approach. Twenty manufacturing companies formed the sample of the study, based on multi stage sampling techniques that incorporated cluster, stratified and purposive sampling methods. Apart from parametric test statistical techniques adopted, data analyses were done using a software application that incorporated Cobb-Douglas production function, which was packaged and tailor-made for the study. It was revealed that there were relationships between components of warehousing and inventory, however, most of the inventory carrying cost components (capital, storage and space, inventory risk costs) was significant. In other words, Inventory risk cost has a significant relationship with most of all variables (dependent and independents). The research recommends that companies should adopt scientific warehousing management system that is information technology in orientation, as well as lay emphasis on inventory in attempt to cut cost, simultaneously maintaining customers service. © Medwell Journals, 2010.	Costs; Impact; Inventory; Iogistics; Parameters; Warehousing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77952600239	Scale economies and performance evaluation of insurance market in Nigeria	Usman O.A.	2009	Social Sciences	4	1	None	Department of Management Science, Ladoke Akintola University, Ogbomoso, Nigeria	Usman, O.A., Department of Management Science, Ladoke Akintola University, Ogbomoso, Nigeria	This study probed into optimal production scale and specifically assesses the significance of entrepreneurial price on the business performance in the Nigerian insurance industry. The study makes use of Cobb-Douglas cost and profit functional models to investigate performance of randomly selected insurance firms. The outcome of this study suggests that a few insurance firms in Nigeria mostly do not pay claims, therefore, establishing possible reasons why there is apathy for insurance services among insuring public. Labour price is significant in this study,but shows an inverse relationship with business performance. © Medwell Journals, 2009.	Claims payment; Insurence business performance; Scale economics	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84891783179	Does total quality management affect the performance of small and medium enterprises? A case of manufacturing smes in Ghana	Agbola R.M.	2013	World Applied Sciences Journal	28	13	10.5829/idosi.wasj.2013.28.efmo.27001	Department of Management Studies, Central University College, P.O. Box: 2305, Tema, Ghana	Agbola, R.M., Department of Management Studies, Central University College, P.O. Box: 2305, Tema, Ghana	The paper examines the relationship between total quality management (TQM) practices of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and the performance and profitability of these businesses in Ghana. With the use of a mixed research method consisting of descriptive and inferential statistics the researchers found that differences exist between SMEs in relation to managerial education level, TQM awareness, managerial commitment to TQM principles of continuous improvement, use of new technology, putting the customer first, effective supervision and enforcement of quality practices. The study also shows a statistically significant association between the implementation of TQM and the SMEs' financial and organisational performance. The implication of the findings is that the government of Ghana should pursue policies aimed at encouraging training and improving the managerial skills of SME owner/managers as well as creating the enabling environment for the development of improved modern technologies to transform the business processes of these vital industries. The Ghana Standards Board must also sit up and enforce quality regimes to ensure goods and services produced meet international standards. © IDOSI Publications, 2013.	Ghana; Growth; Performance; Profitability; Small medium enterprises	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84925270639	Impact of socio-demographic and economic factors on households' savings behaviour: Empirical evidence from Ethiopia	Vadde S.	2015	Indian Journal of Finance	9	3	None	Department of Management, College of Business and Economics, Samara University, Ethiopia	Vadde, S., Department of Management, College of Business and Economics, Samara University, Ethiopia	The main aim of the study was to investigate the determinants of households' saving behavior in a microfinance institution (MFI). Taking 150 household respondents in the survey from the place of Wikro Town, Ethiopia, the paper attempted to analyze the savings behaviour of household clients of Dedebit Credit and Saving Institution (DECSI). The study used a structured questionnaire, in which potential households were questioned about their reactions to some specific situations. The results of the study revealed that among the socio-demographic factors, gender and number of dependents were found to be statistically significant; while age, educational level, and marital status of the household heads were insignificant - that unlike most previous findings, they did not have any explanatory power on households' saving behavior in the study area. With regards to economic factors, average monthly income, occupation, and home ownership were statistically significant, which implies that they had an explanatory power in determining the savings behavior of the households.	Economic factors; Microfinance institutions; Potential households; Saving behaviour; Socio-demographic factors	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33745443538	Monitoring environmental complexities and changes: Some lessons from small firms	Temtime Z.T.	2006	International Journal of Globalisation and Small Business	1	3	10.1504/IJGSB.2006.010612	Department of Management, University of Botswana, P.O. Box 70471, Gaborone, Botswana	Temtime, Z.T., Department of Management, University of Botswana, P.O. Box 70471, Gaborone, Botswana	The process of gathering and interpreting pertinent information from the environment and introducing the results into the business planning process is referred to as environmental scanning. This paper investigates the practices and perceptions of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in monitoring environmental complexities and changes through the use of different scanning sources and frequency. Data were collected from 44 SMEs in Botswana through questionnaire and analysed using simple descriptive statistics. The findings indicated that SMEs in Botswana do monitor their environment and use all the major scanning sources with different degrees of frequency. Though more importance is attached to the customer/ market, competition and economic sectors, owner-managers in Botswana tend to rely more on impersonal (written) and internal sources as opposed to personal (informal) and external sources to analyse an increasingly uncertain sector. This is in contrast to previous findings, since information from these sources is less reliable for analysing unstable, turbulent and hard-to-measure sectors than personal and external sources. The use of inappropriate scanning sources could be partially attributed to the fact that most SMEs in Botswana do not have an integrated management information system designed to capture, store and analyse environmental data for use in strategic decision-making processes. Further implications for SMEs and future research are highlighted. Copyright © 2006 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Botswana; Developing countries; Environmental complexities; Environmental scanning; Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs); Strategic uncertainty	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84956486629	Implementation, monitoring and evaluation of sustainable business practices: framework and empirical illustration	Dos Santos M.A.O., Svensson G., Padin C.	2014	Corporate Governance (Bingley)	14	4	10.1108/CG-02-2013-0022	Department of Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa; Oslo School of Management, Oslo, Norway; Vigo University, Spain	Dos Santos, M.A.O., Department of Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa; Svensson, G., Oslo School of Management, Oslo, Norway; Padin, C., Vigo University, Spain	Purpose – This study aims to illustrate what and how a South African retail chain implements, monitors and evaluates its sustainable business practices using economic, ecological and social areas of indices. Design/methodology/approach – The study is based on the content analysis of public documents, such as sustainability and annual reports, of a retail chain. An assessment of sustainability and annual reports for 2008-2011 has been considered to examine how and what this retail chain implements, monitors and evaluates in its sustainable business practices. Findings – Woolworths has a sustainability programme in place that assures that the efforts of sustainable business practices are implemented, monitored and evaluated properly and that their targets for each area of indices are accomplished. Research limitations/implications – The content analysis shows that the areas of indices are important in the implementation, monitoring and evaluation of Woolworths’ spectrum of efforts in sustainability business practices. Practical implications – The study demonstrates practically how Woolworths South Africa implements, monitors and evaluates its sustainable business practices using various areas of indices which fall under the three pillars of sustainability, namely, economic, environmental and social. Originality/value – This research provides insight on what and how a retail chain in South Africa implements, monitors and evaluates its sustainable business practices over time. It also offers an insight into the strategic approach beyond the company’s judicial frontiers and into the supply chain. Furthermore, it shows how a company’s business network can be committed to change towards sustainable business practices. © 2014, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Areas of indices; Business; Retail industry; South Africa; Sustainable; Triple bottom line; Woolworths	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943816086	Impact of non-oil sector on economic growth: A managerial economic perspective	Igwe A., Edeh C.E., Ukpere W.I.	2015	Problems and Perspectives in Management	13	2	None	Department of Management, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria; Department of Economics, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Nigeria; Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, Faculty of Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	Igwe, A., Department of Management, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria; Edeh, C.E., Department of Economics, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Nigeria; Ukpere, W.I., Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, Faculty of Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	This study is motivated by the need to examine the impact of non-oil export to economic growth in Nigeria for the period 1981-2012. The study adopted the export-led growth hypothesis as the framework of study. A production function which specified economic growth as a function of capital stock, labor and non-oil export is formulated to express the relationship between the dependent and the independent variables. The econometric techniques of Johansen cointegration and the vector error correction model are chosen to ascertain the impact and the long run relationship between the dependent and the explanatory variables. Also, the Granger causality technique is used to investigate a causality relationship between economic growth and the independent variables. Findings from the VEC analysis reveal that in both the short and long runs, non-oil export determines economic growth. Also, the cointegration analysis indicates a long run relationship between non-oil export and economic growth over the period under study. These two findings agree with the theory of export-led growth hypothesis. However, the Granger causality analysis indicates no causality relationship between non-oil export and economic growth. A uni-directional causality relationship runs from capital stock to economic growth. Also, a uni-directional causality relationship runs from economic growth to labor force.	Development; Economic growth; Export; Non-oil sector	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-53749092440	Training, development and employee performance in the oil and gas industry in Nigeria	Hamilton D.I., Oparanma A.O.	2008	European Journal of Scientific Research	19	3	None	Department of Management, University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 18, UST Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Hamilton, D.I., Department of Management, University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 18, UST Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Oparanma, A.O., Department of Management, University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 18, UST Port Harcourt, Nigeria	This study was designed to ascertain how training and development affects employee performance. Using a nomothetic research design in which data were collected through structured questionnaire and analyzed through frequency distribution and simple percentage. We found that employee performance level is not necessarily determined by the level of training and development nor by the training technique but by the type of training and development employees are exposed to, and by the competence employees develop as a result of training and development. We recommend that training and development programmes be focused on competence building in employees. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2008.	Competence; Development; Performance; Training	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-60849102133	South African exporter performance: New research into firm-specific and market characteristics	May C., O'Neill C.	2008	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	11	1	None	Department of Management, University of the Western Cape, South Africa; School of Management, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa	May, C., Department of Management, University of the Western Cape, South Africa; O'Neill, C., School of Management, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa	The export marketing performance of any firm is influenced by a multitude of different factors. Given the multi-faceted nature of the export market, this research study investigated specific factors such as how firm-specific characteristics, product characteristics, market characteristics and export marketing strategies impact on the export marketing performance of South African manufacturing firms. Some of the findings of this research study indicated that firm size, investment commitment and careful planning, as firm-specific characteristics, had a significant influence on export marketing performance. The relationship between export experience and export marketing performance was insignificant. The degree of pricing adaptation and product adaptation had a significant effect on export marketing performance, while this was not the case with respect to the degree of promotion adaptation and distributor support.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908664748	Marine fisheries catches in Ghana: Historic reconstruction for 1950 to 2010 and current economic impacts	Nunoo F.K.E., Asiedu B., Amador K., Belhabib D., Lam V., Sumaila R., Pauly D.	2014	Reviews in Fisheries Science and Aquaculture	22	4	10.1080/23308249.2014.962687	Department of Marine and Fisheries Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 99, Legon, Accra, Ghana; School of Natural Resources, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana; Marine Fisheries Research Division, Ministry of Fisheries and Aquaculture Development, Tema, Ghana; Sea Around Us Project, University of British Columbia Fisheries Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Fisheries Economics Research Unit, University of British Columbia, British Columbia Fisheries Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada	Nunoo, F.K.E., Department of Marine and Fisheries Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 99, Legon, Accra, Ghana; Asiedu, B., School of Natural Resources, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana; Amador, K., Marine Fisheries Research Division, Ministry of Fisheries and Aquaculture Development, Tema, Ghana; Belhabib, D., Sea Around Us Project, University of British Columbia Fisheries Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Lam, V., Fisheries Economics Research Unit, University of British Columbia, British Columbia Fisheries Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Sumaila, R., Fisheries Economics Research Unit, University of British Columbia, British Columbia Fisheries Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Pauly, D., Sea Around Us Project, University of British Columbia Fisheries Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada	Ghana has a long fishing tradition, including industrial fishing. After many of the countries where Ghanaian fleets were actively fishing declared an Exclusive Economic Zone in the 1980s, the distant-water fleet of Ghana returned to its home waters, precipitating a collapse of some local stocks. While official catches reported to the FAO document this decline, the catches of other sectors (artisanal, subsistence, and recreational fishing) were not reported, their contribution to the livelihoods of Ghanaians was simply not documented, and their impact on fish stocks overlooked. Herein, total catches were estimated at 20.8 million tonnes between 1950 and 2010 compared to 11.8 million tonnes reported to the FAO. Subsistence catches, notably from coastal lagoons represented the bulk of unreported catches and seemed to have increased overall during this period, while the artisanal and large-scale sector catches decreased. Furthermore, the economic contribution of artisanal fisheries to Ghana is declining mainly due to use of non-sophisticated technology and activities of industrial fisheries making already poor communities poorer while industrial (particularly tuna) fisheries are increasing their profitability margin due to high technology being adopted and operating in less exploited parts of the continental shelf of Ghana. Accurate catch statistics and a better understanding of the contribution of the marine fisheries sector are needed for sustainable management of the fishing industry in Ghana and its contribution to the Ghanaian economy. © 2014 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	catch; economic; Ghana; industrial; marine fisheries; reconstructed; small-scale fisheries	None	PEW, Pew Charitable Trusts
Scopus	2-s2.0-77957106815	Computerized condition monitoring of a diesel engine through air inlet filter analysis	Ogbonnaya E.A., Ugwu H.U., Johnson K.T., Johnson C.A.N., Orji C.U.	2010	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	5	3	10.3923/jeasci.2010.201.205	Department of Marine Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture (MOUA), Umuahia, Nigeria; Department of Marine Engineering, Niger D	Ogbonnaya, E.A., Department of Marine Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Ugwu, H.U., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture (MOUA), Umuahia, Nigeria; Johnson, K.T., Department of Marine Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Johnson, C.A.N., Department of Marine Engineering, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria; Orji, C.U., Department of Marine Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	The diesel engine consists of several components which enhance its proactive monitoring. One of these components is the turbocharger unit (compressor and turbine). It was found from this research that the effective and efficient performance of the unit depends mainly on the effectiveness of the air intake filter. The test engine used was an MTU 12V 396 TC 32 diesel engine. This research used computerized condition monitoring to avert failure, unplanned downtime and schedule maintenance, thus increasing the useful life of the engine. Component modeling was adopted as the best means of actualizing this aim. It was carried out for the air intake filter. A software code named "Top A" written in qbasic programming language was developed. The data obtained showed that the intake air differential pressure across the filter decreased at the range of 0.5 bar. The results revealed that the model developed is capable of predicting any blockage the air intake filter may experience. It was found that the measured pressure drop across the filter remained at 0.85 bar for a long time. This means that the performance of the filter was optimum at this pressure. Condition based maintenance philosophy is therefore recommended to be used to increase its reliability and flexibilityof the entire engine. © Medwell Journals, 2010.	Air inlet/intake filter; Computerized condition monitoring; Downtime; Maintenance; Nigeria; Turbocharger unit	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897033364	The impact of heavy metals on haematological parameters and enzymatic activies in Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus and Pythonichthys macrurus	Ayoola S.O., Dansu F.M.	2014	World Applied Sciences Journal	31	5	10.5829/idosi.wasj.2014.31.05.1615	Department of Marine Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria	Ayoola, S.O., Department of Marine Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria; Dansu, F.M., Department of Marine Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria	Human activities have led to the accumulation of toxic metals in the aquatic environment. Heavy metals are serious pollutant in the aquatic environment because of their environmental persistence and ability to be accumulated and cause deleterious impact on aquatic organism. This study was carried out to investigated the levels of some selected heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn) in two fish species: Chrysicthys nigrodigitatus and Pythonichthys macrurus obtained from Makoko area of the Lagos lagoon between the months of July-September, 2012 and also to determined the effects of these metals on haematological parameters and enzymes activity of the fish species. The mean concentration of heavy metals in mg/l obtained for C. nigrodigitatus were Cd (ND), Cr (0.010±0.001), Cu (0.036±0.022), Fe (0.580±0.137), Pb (0.001±0.001), Zn (0.218±0.346) and P. macrurus; Cd (0.001±0.002), Cr (0.005±0.005), Cu (0.046±0.066), Fe (0.359±0.270), Pb (ND), Zn (0.228±0.376) were below the standards of WHO/FAO/FEPA permissible limit. The mean level of the enzymes recorded in (IU/L) for C. nigrodigitatus were Aspartate aminotransferase AST (71.95 ± 26.76), Alanine Aminotransaminase ALT (22.367±12.83), Alkaline phosphatase ALP (164.61 ± 26.65) and for P. macrurus were AST (115.82±41.04), ALT (37.79± 25.16) and ALP (59.80±21.99) respectively. Statistical significance difference (P &lt;0.05) occurred in serum ALP between the two fish species. There was no statistically significant difference (P&gt;0.05) recorded in all haematological parameters, the values revealed a high Haemoglobin and PCV concentration for both fishes. Results for C. nigrodigitatus were Hb (12.34 ± 2.15g/dl), PCV (37.00±6.45%), RBC (3.57± 0.92106 mm-3), WBC (136.20±59.06104mm-3), MCV (108.06±28.46FL), MCH (35.99 ±9.45Pg), MCHC (33.32 ± 0.03g/l), Neutrophils (35.33±8.76%), Lymphocytes (64.67±8.76 %) and P.macrurus values were Hb (13.84 ±2.65g/dl), PCV (41.50± 7.94%) RBC (4.18±1.04 106mm-3), WBC (115.87 ± 28.04 104mm-3), MCV (101.37± 16.92FL), MCH (33.86±5.62Pg), MCHC (38.87±13.59 g/l), Neutrophils (39.00± 13.87%) and Lymphocytes 60.67±13.60 (%). Deductions from this study revealed an alteration in the haematological parameters and enzymes activity of C. nigrodigitatus and P.macrurus. The result indicated that the concentrations of these heavy metals fall within their respective acceptable permissible limits recommended by the WHO/FAO/FEPA. Hence the consumption of these fish species may not pose any threat to human health. However periodic monitoring of these metals in the fish and water is highly essential to public health due to bioaccumulation. © IDOSI Publications, 2014.	Enzymatic activies; Fish; Haematological parameters; Heavy metals	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84877709343	High performance marine vehicles in the seaward extension of city highways	Onyemechi C.H., Ekwenna D.U.	2013	Journal of Maritime Research	9	2	None	Department of Maritime Management Technology, Federal University of Technology, Ihiagwa, Owerri, 234 034, Nigeria	Onyemechi, C.H., Department of Maritime Management Technology, Federal University of Technology, Ihiagwa, Owerri, 234 034, Nigeria; Ekwenna, D.U., Department of Maritime Management Technology, Federal University of Technology, Ihiagwa, Owerri, 234 034, Nigeria	The work assesses new ways of developing the overall transport system in a sustainable way using methods that extends the road transport system to newly developed marine highways. A model that argues that present transport system is extensible where technology constraints are broken is portrayed. Government policy initiatives that support the sea transport alternative must however be in place to encourage this new developing sustainable transport option.A study was carried out to ascertain ways through which developing countries can benefit from this sustainable transport alternative which reduces road congestion,increases intermodal effectiveness,with comparable cost savings compared to air transport.High performance marine vehicles is viewed in this work as the missing link which developing third world nations must embrace to solve the ever increasing problem of road congestion arising from low transport infrastructure.Methods for assessing modal shares were applied in the work to determine ways for government assessment of modal overload in the distribution of passenger and freight traffic. In this respect, high performance marine vehicles are viewed as just part of the solutions to the existing problem. An analysis of traffic distribution in Nigeria was made to reflect the imbalance in the modal distribution of the entire sector leaning towards the road sector using available freight data. © SEECMAR / All rights reserved.	Marine technology nigeria; Short sea shipping	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864146864	Market orientation, learning orientation, and the performance of nonprofit organisations (NPOs)	Mahmoud M.A., Yusif B.	2012	International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management	61	6	10.1108/17410401211249193	Department of Marketing and Customer Management, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana	Mahmoud, M.A., Department of Marketing and Customer Management, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana; Yusif, B., Department of Marketing and Customer Management, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana	Purpose: Nonprofit organisations (NPOs) are challenged with continuous change, which provides the impetus for adopting organisational change models. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of the adoption of market and learning orientations on NPO performance. Design/methodology/approach: The authors draw on extant management literature to theorise the interrelationship between market orientation, learning orientation, and economic and non-economic NPO performance. Using a survey design, the authors draw a convenience sample of 118 NPOs in Ghana to test their theoretisation. Findings: Evidence is found that although the relationship between market orientation and NPO performance is significant (on both economic and non-economic indicators), what best accounts for enhanced performance is learning orientation. Additionally, non-economic performance mediates the relationship between learning orientation and economic performance. Research limitations/implications: Replicating the study with larger samples, using objective performance data, and applying more rigorous approach to data analysis, among other things, could significantly improve the generalisability of the results. Practical implications: NPO managers are reminded that non-economic performance (e.g. service or program effectiveness) represents part of the underlying mechanism through which the financial assurances of market and learning orientations can be exploited. Originality/value: The paper builds on the market orientation literature by theorising and demonstrating empirically a route through which market orientation is related to the firm's financial performance. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Ghana; Learning orientation; Market orientation; Non-profit organizations; Organizational learning; Organizational performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84861551153	West African Immigrants' Perceptions of Advertising in General and Impact on Buying Decisions	Blankson C., Spears N., Hinson R.E.	2012	Journal of International Consumer Marketing	24	3	10.1080/08961530.2012.682038	Department of Marketing and Logistics, College of Business, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311396, Denton, TX 76203-5017, United States; The University of Ghana Business School, Legon, Accra, Ghana	Blankson, C., Department of Marketing and Logistics, College of Business, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311396, Denton, TX 76203-5017, United States; Spears, N., Department of Marketing and Logistics, College of Business, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311396, Denton, TX 76203-5017, United States; Hinson, R.E., Department of Marketing and Logistics, College of Business, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311396, Denton, TX 76203-5017, United States, The University of Ghana Business School, Legon, Accra, Ghana	Despite the increasing attention to African immigrants in the United States, and the pivotal role that advertising messages play in the immigrant community, examination of African immigrants' purchasing behavior and perceptions of advertising have been overlooked by marketing scholars. The purpose of this research is to investigate West African immigrants' perceptions of advertising in general and its impact on buying decisions. Data analyses extract five perceptual factors toward advertising in general, namely, "advertising is a pleasure and affects perceptions," "advertising heightens vanity," "advertising intensifies materialism," "advertising enhances social role and image," and "advertising is good for the economy." With the exception of "advertising heightens vanity," all the identified factors impact buying decisions. The overall results show that consumers rely on a broad scope of information about the impact of advertisements on standards of living and the economy. This study can be of value to marketing scholars, practitioners, and policy makers interested in the United States African immigrant community. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	Advertising in general; consumer perceptions; factor analyses; multicultural marketplaces; United States; West African immigrants	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947424985	Impact of teachers’ beliefs on mathematics education	Bayaga A., Wadesango N., Wadesango O.V.	2015	Africa Education Review	12	2	10.1080/18146627.2015.1108008	Department of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, University of Zululand, South Africa; Centre of Academic Excellence, University of Limpopo, South Africa; Teaching and Learning Centre, University of Limpopo, South Africa	Bayaga, A., Department of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, University of Zululand, South Africa; Wadesango, N., Centre of Academic Excellence, University of Limpopo, South Africa; Wadesango, O.V., Teaching and Learning Centre, University of Limpopo, South Africa	The objective of the current study was to analyse the impact of teachers’ personal theory and beliefs (PTB) towards Mathematics teaching. A total of 183 respondents were involved in this study, using the stratified random sampling method with Cronbach's alpha of 0.87. Due to the objective of the research and the hypothesis, it was positioned within the positivist paradigm following a survey design, concentrating on Bachelor of Education and Postgraduate Certificate Education students, with a quantitative approach. The instrument of data collection was a structured questionnaire schedule. All selected respondents (using a questionnaire) were students of University of Fort Hare, enrolled in either the Bachelor of Education (BEd) or Postgraduate Certificate of Education (PGCE) programme. Using analysis of variance (ANOVA), the results revealed that there was no significant effect of age and race on learning of Mathematics amongst BEds and PGCEs candidates. © 2015 University of South Africa.	instructional practices; mathematics belief and motivation; mathematics education; motivation theory; south africa raven's standard progressive	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896468928	The impact of corporate social responsibility factors on the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises	Turyakira P., Venter E., Smith E.	2014	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	17	2	None	Department of Marketing and Management, Makerere University, Uganda; Department of Business Management, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa	Turyakira, P., Department of Marketing and Management, Makerere University, Uganda; Venter, E., Department of Business Management, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa; Smith, E., Department of Business Management, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa	Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become increasingly important to the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). A positive relationship between the CSR activities of SMEs and their enhanced competitiveness exists, at least if a long-term perspective is adopted (European Competitiveness Report, 2008:106; Mandl & Dorr, 2007:2). Despite the widespread practical and academic interest in CSR and its impact on the competitiveness of SMEs, few theoretical and empirical contributions could be found. The primary objective of this study was to identify and empirically test the CSR factors influencing the competitiveness of SMEs in Uganda. The outcomes of this study will assist SMEs to effectively and responsibly manage their activities to increase their competitiveness. A structured, self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 750 potential SME respondents. The respondents were identified by means of a purposive sampling technique, and the data were collected from 383 usable questionnaires. An exploratory factor analysis was carried out, and Cronbach's alpha coefficients calculated to determine the discriminant validity and reliability of the measuring instrument. Correlations were assessed using structural equation modeling. The empirical results of this study indicate that workforce-oriented CSR activities, society-oriented CSR activities, market-oriented CSR activities and regulated CSR activities significantly influence the competitiveness of SMEs.	Competitiveness; CSR activities; SMEs	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-68549097921	The impact of internal marketing on the perception of service quality in retail banking: A Ghanaian case	Opoku R.A., Atuobi-Yiadom N., Chong C.S., Abratt R.	2009	Journal of Financial Services Marketing	13	4	10.1057/fsm.2008.26	Department of Marketing, College of Industrial Management, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; University of East Anglia, United Kingdom; GIMPA Business School, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, Accra, Ghana; Wits Business School, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Nova Southeastern University, 3301 College Avenue, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, United States	Opoku, R.A., Department of Marketing, College of Industrial Management, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Atuobi-Yiadom, N., University of East Anglia, United Kingdom, GIMPA Business School, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, Accra, Ghana; Chong, C.S., GIMPA Business School, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, Accra, Ghana; Abratt, R., Wits Business School, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, Nova Southeastern University, 3301 College Avenue, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, United States	Although there is a large volume of literature on internal marketing, there is limited empirical evidence on its impact on the perception of service quality in developing nations. A literature review of internal marketing and service quality has been completed. A survey of 32 top managers, 100 employees and 200 external customers of a major bank in Ghana was undertaken to assess the impact of internal marketing on the perception of service quality. The results suggest that internal marketing can have an influence on service quality. Implications of the study are highlighted, limitations noted and directions for future research are outlined. © 2009 Palgrave Macmillan 1363-0539.	Banks; Developing economies; Ghana; Internal marketing; Service quality	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949760368	Supply chain integration and business performance in the telecommunication industry in Nigeria	Didia J.U.D., Nwokah N.G.	2015	International Journal of Supply Chain Management	4	2	None	Department of Marketing, Faculty of Management Sciences, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Didia, J.U.D., Department of Marketing, Faculty of Management Sciences, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Nwokah, N.G., Department of Marketing, Faculty of Management Sciences, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	The purpose of this explanatory research is to evaluate the association between supply chain integration and business performance in the telecommunication industry in Nigeria. This study used a structured questionnaire to elicit responses from respondents from the Telecommunication firms in Nigeria. Returned copies of questionnaire were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics was used to determine the mean and standard deviation of the distribution, while the Spearman rank order correlation coefficient was used to ascertain the associations between the supply chain integration and the dimensions of business performance in the telecommunication firms in Nigeria. The results of the study reported herein, shows that supply chain integration associates with business performance in the Nigeria Telecommunication firms. It is the recommendation of this paper that managers of Nigerian Telecommunication firms should strengthen their practice of supply chain Integration strategy as a paradigm shift from the isolated functional dependence. The study reported in this paper can be carried out in other industry; and also, in other culture to ascertain whether the same, similar or different outcomes can be achieved. © ExcelingTech Pub, UK.	Business performance; Integration; Marketing; Supply-chain; Telecommunication	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70350333271	Customer-focus, competitor-focus and marketing performance	Nwokah N.G.	2009	Measuring Business Excellence	13	3	10.1108/13683040910984293	Department of Marketing, Faculty of Management Sciences, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Hartcourt, Nigeria	Nwokah, N.G., Department of Marketing, Faculty of Management Sciences, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Hartcourt, Nigeria	Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to assess the influence of customer focus and competitor focus on marketing performance of food and beverages organizations in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach - The paper adopted an exploratory design- six measures of marketing performance is used to capture the customer-focus and competitive-focus of food and beverages organizations in Nigeria. Data were collected from key informants using a research instrument. Returned instruments were analyzed using regression analysis through the use of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 16. Findings - The paper validated the existing instruments for measuring customer focus, competitor focus and marketing performance. The paper also finds a strong positive relationship between the three constructs. Practical implications - Two major implications are identified in this paper, one to scholars on the investigation of the link between customer focus, competitor focus and marketing performance in two different organizations. The second is for managers to be aware of the need for effective assessment of marketing performance measure in line with customer focus and competitor focus. This will no doubt help to provide knowledge and understanding of the reason for and consequences of any particular marketing decision. Originality/value - The paper significantly refines the body of knowledge concerning the impact of customer focus, competitor focus and marketing performance in the Nigerian context. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Competitors; Customer orientation; Drinks; Food industry; Nigeria; Sales performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-61449107995	What contributes to the enhanced use of customer, competition and technology knowledge for product innovation performance?. A survey of multinational industrial companies' subsidiaries operating in China	Zhang J., Hoenig S., Di Benedetto A., Lancioni R.A., Phatak A.	2009	Industrial Marketing Management	38	2	10.1016/j.indmarman.2008.12.007	Department of Marketing, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong; School of Economic and Business Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Marketing, Fox School of Business and Management, Temple University, 523 Alter Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States	Zhang, J., Department of Marketing, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong; Hoenig, S., School of Economic and Business Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Di Benedetto, A., Department of Marketing, Fox School of Business and Management, Temple University, 523 Alter Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States; Lancioni, R.A., Department of Marketing, Fox School of Business and Management, Temple University, 523 Alter Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States; Phatak, A., Department of Marketing, Fox School of Business and Management, Temple University, 523 Alter Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States	This study extends an emerging research area in knowledge management to new product development by empirically examining the factors associated with the use of different types of knowledge flows from various sources and product innovation performance (i.e., market success of new products) in the multinational companies' subsidiaries in China. The findings seem to indicate the vitality of considering a broad spectrum of knowledge management related variables such as a subsidiary's product development strategy, market conditions it faces, its knowledge capacity and knowledge support structure. Furthermore, we found that subsidiaries with better performance are generally excel in the use of competition knowledge flow, the development of moderate innovative products, communication among different functional departments or product development groups, the codification of knowledge, and a supportive culture. © 2008.	China; Knowledge flow; Knowledge management; Product innovation performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-67649920810	Product development strategy, product innovation performance, and the mediating role of knowledge utilization: Evidence from subsidiaries in China	Zhang J., Di Benedetto C.A., Hoenig S.	2009	Journal of International Marketing	17	2	10.1509/jimk.17.2.42	Department of Marketing, Hong Kong Baptist University, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Marketing and Senior Washburn Reserch Fellow, Fox School of Business, Temple University, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Marketing, School of Economic and Business Sciences, University of Witwater-srand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Zhang, J., Department of Marketing, Hong Kong Baptist University, Johannesburg, South Africa; Di Benedetto, C.A., Department of Marketing and Senior Washburn Reserch Fellow, Fox School of Business, Temple University, Johannesburg, South Africa; Hoenig, S., Department of Marketing, School of Economic and Business Sciences, University of Witwater-srand, Johannesburg, South Africa	This study examines the interplay of product development strategy, knowledge utilization, and product innovation performance in the context of Chinese subsidiaries of multinational companies. When firms strive to develop highly innovative products (breakthrough focus), the amount of resources allocated has a U-shaped relationship to subsequent product innovation performance (i.e., market rewards of new products). When the aim of product development activity is to reinforce and maintain moderately innovative products (platform focus), increased resource allocation shows a positive relationship to product innovation performance. The amount of resources allocated to minor revisions (incremental focus) shows no significant relationship to product innovation performance. Knowledge utilization is an important predictor of the benefits of developing highly and moderately innovative products. Moreover, it helps to mitigate the drawbacks of a breakthrough focus and strengthens the positive impact of a platform focus. © 2009, American Marketing Association.	China; Knowledge utilization; Product development strategy; Product innovation performance; Subsidiaries	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33751165076	Customer-focus and business performance: The study of food and beverages organizations in Nigeria	Nwokah N.G., Maclayton D.W.	2006	Measuring Business Excellence	10	4	10.1108/13683040610719281	Department of Marketing, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Nwokah, N.G., Department of Marketing, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Maclayton, D.W., Department of Marketing, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of customer-focus on the performance of the organisation. While many empirical works have centered on customer-focus, the generalisability of its impact on performance of the food and beverages organisations in the Nigeria context has been under-researched. Design/methodology/approach - The paper adopted a triangulation methodology (quantitative and qualitative approach). Data were collected from key informants using a research instrument. Returned instruments were analyzed using non-parametric correlation through the use of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 10. Findings - The paper validated the earlier instruments but did not find any strong association between customer-focus and business performance in the Nigerian context using the food and beverages organisations for the study. The reasons underlying the weak relationship between customer-focus and business performance of the food and beverages organizations are government policies, new product development, diversification, innovation and devaluation of the Nigerian currency. One important finding of this paper is that customer-focus leads to business performance through some moderating variables. Practical implications - The paper recommends that the Nigerian Government should ensure a stable economy and make economic policies that will enhance existing business development in the country. Also, organisations should have performance measurement systems to detect the impact of investment on customer-focus with the aim of knowing how the organization works. Originality/value - This paper significantly refines the body of knowledge concerning the impact of customer-focus on the performance of the organization, and thereby offers a model of customer-focus and business performance in the Nigerian context for marketing scholars and practitioners. This model will, no doubt, contribute to the body of existing literature of customer-focus.	Beverages; Business performance; Customer orientation; Food industry; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80052041445	Impacts of the global economic crisis on the consumption of psychiatric nursing services in Nigeria	Esu B.B., Inyang B.J.	2011	Journal of Health Management	13	3	10.1177/097206341101300301	Department of Marketing, University of Calabar, Pmb 1115 Calabar, Nigeria; Department of Business Management, University of Calabar, Pmb 1115 Calabar, Nigeria	Esu, B.B., Department of Marketing, University of Calabar, Pmb 1115 Calabar, Nigeria; Inyang, B.J., Department of Business Management, University of Calabar, Pmb 1115 Calabar, Nigeria	Psychiatric doctors and nurses are two groups of professionals whose responsibility is to offer mental health services: advice on issues related to mental health, treatment of cases of mental disorders and rehabilitation of individuals with mental health problems in the community. The demand and supply of these services are influenced extensively by the prevailing business environment, specially, the economic factors. The current global economic meltdown is an uncontrollable variable facing all economies of the world. Nigeria is no exception. What differentiates one economy from the other is the degree of impacts on the well-being of the citizenry. In this article, the authors X-ray the challenges of psychiatric nursing services in Nigeria and the impacts of the current global economic meltdown on consumption. The elementary laws of demand and supply were significant in this analysis. Suggestions that would help cushion the effect of the global economic crisis on the con-sumption of psychiatric nursing services were considered in the article. © 2011 Indian Institute of Health Management Research.	economic melt-down; global economic crises; mental health care; Nigeria; Psychiatric nursing; psychosocial intervention; spiritual intervention	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79952146233	Impacts of global economic crisis on the consumption of psychiatric nursing services in Nigeria	Esu B.B., Inyang B.J.	2011	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	29	None	Department of Marketing, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Nigeria; Department of Business Management, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Nigeria	Esu, B.B., Department of Marketing, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Nigeria; Inyang, B.J., Department of Business Management, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Nigeria	Psychiatric doctors and nurses are two groups of professionals whose responsibility it is to offer mental health services; advice on issues related to mental health, treatment of cases of mental disorders and rehabilitation of individuals with mental health problems in the community. The demand and supply of these services are influenced extensively by the prevailing business environment, specially, the economic factors. The current global economic melt-down is an uncontrollable variable facing all economies of the world. Nigeria is no exception. What differentiates one economy from the other is the degree of impacts on the well being of the citizenry. In this paper, the authors x-ray the challenges of psychiatric nursing services in Nigeria and the impacts of the current global economic meltdown on consumption. The elementary laws of demand and supply were significant in this analysis. Suggestions that would help cushion the effect of the global economic crisis on the consumption of psychiatric nursing services were considered in the paper. © EuroJournals, Inc. 2011.	Economic melt-down; Interventions; Mental health services; Nigerian economy; Psychiatric nursing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-74549130055	Knowledge transfer and performance in Danish-Ghanaian strategic alliances	Narteh B.	2010	International Journal of Knowledge Management Studies	4	2	10.1504/IJKMS.2010.030792	Department of Marketing, University of Ghana, Business School, P.O. Box LG 78, Legon, Accra, Ghana	Narteh, B., Department of Marketing, University of Ghana, Business School, P.O. Box LG 78, Legon, Accra, Ghana	Although knowledge transfer within international strategic alliances has attracted plenty of scholarly attention, there is a paucity of research about the knowledge transfer process, the type of knowledge transferred, and the impact of the transferred knowledge on alliance performance, especially within developed-developing country-based strategic alliances. Using a knowledge transfer and performance model, this paper investigates how Danish companies transfer knowledge to their Ghanaian counterparts, the type of knowledge transferred, and the impact of the transferred knowledge on the performance of the alliances. The study adopted a multiple case study approach and collected data through personal interviews. The study found that Danish partners transferred mostly technical or coded knowledge through on-the-job training, a method unsuitable for transferring tacit or management knowledge. Moreover, the transferred knowledge did not positively impact the performance of most of the alliances. The paper highlights the implications of the findings for managing knowledge transfer in alliances. Copyright © 2010 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Alliance performance; Developed developing countries; International strategic alliances; Knowledge transfer	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84877646793	Technical evaluation of ondo bitumen for direct asphalt concrete mix design	Adeleke A.A., Adeosun A.S., Disu A.O., Olorunniwo E.O.	2012	Petroleum and Coal	54	3	None	Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Adeleke, A.A., Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Adeosun, A.S., Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Disu, A.O., Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Olorunniwo, E.O., Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	The suitability or otherwise of the abundant Nigerian Ondo bitumen as a binder in hot mix asphalt concrete mix design for roadmaking has not been established. Samples of Ondo bitumen (as-received and as-refined) were tested for specific gravity, softening point and penetration. Concrete mixes were also prepared with standard proportions of aggregates with Ondo bitumen (as-received and as-refined) and standard bitumen as binders. The concrete mixes were then compacted to standard cylindrical specimens for Marshall stability indices tests. The results of physico-chemical tests gave the specific gravity, softening point and penetration for the Ondo bitumen as-received as 1.12, 77°C and 44.3 mm, while the values for the refined product were 1.03, 52°C and 67 mm, respectively. The Marshall stability tests for Ondo bitumen (as-received) at 5.8% of the weight of aggregate yielded 25.5 KN, 15 mm, 77.4%, while that of Ondo bitumen as-refined gave 13.03 KN, 35 mm, 77.4%; respectively. When the physico-chemical properties Ondo bitumen (as-received and asrefined) were compared with those of standard bitumen, only the refined product was found to satisfy the requirements for concrete mix design. The Marshall stability results however showed that Ondo bitumen concrete mixes (as-received and as-refined) do not meet the standard specifications for stability and flow. The results obtained thus suggest that Ondo bitumen may not be useable alone for direct asphalt mix design.	Aggregate; Bitumen; Concrete; Marshall; Penetration; Stability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864137297	Derivation of the limits for control chart using the median absolute deviation for monitoring non-normal process	Adekeye K.S., Azubuike P.I.	2011	Journal of Mathematics and Statistics	8	1	10.3844/jmssp.2012.37.41	Department of Mathematical Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Redeemers University (RUN), Nigeria	Adekeye, K.S., Department of Mathematical Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Redeemers University (RUN), Nigeria; Azubuike, P.I., Department of Mathematical Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Redeemers University (RUN), Nigeria	Problem statement: The Shewhart and S control charts, in the literature, were combined to evaluate the stability of a process. These charts were based on the fundamental assumption of normality of the quality characteristics under investigation. Approach: In practice, the normality assumption was often violated by real life data, therefore, use of the Shewhart and S control charts on real life data might leads to misplacement of control limits. There were many alternatives in the literature to handle non-normality of quality characteristics. The Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) claimed in the literature to be the best estimate when the data under consideration is non-normal. Thus in this study, we derived the control limits for the-control chart using the median absolute deviation for monitoring process stability when the quality characteristic under investigation was non-normal. Results: The derived control limits were compared with the control limits when the sample standard deviation was used as a measure of controlling the process variability using manufacturing process (real life) data. Furthermore, a simulation study was carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed MAD based control charts on both normal and non-normal process. Conclusion: The obtained results show that the derived control limit is an improvement on the control limit of the Shewhart and that the MAD control charts performed better for non-normal process than for normal process. © 2012 Science Publications.	Cofta tablet; Control charts; Control limits interval; Manufacturing process; Median absolute deviation; Non-normal; Process variability; Sigma approach; Soft drink; Standard deviation; Statistical process	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84915749577	Availability modelling and evaluation of a repairable system subject to minor deterioration under imperfect repairs	Yusuf I.	2015	International Journal of Mathematics in Operational Research	7	1	10.1504/IJMOR.2015.065955	Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria	Yusuf, I., Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria	Many engineering systems are subjected to deterioration, meaning that during the course of time their conditions fall to failure levels. Such systems and their components are either repaired at failure or replaced before or after failure. However not every deterioration can bring about sudden failure of the system. Some deterioration can slightly reduce the strength of the system until at some point failure occurs. Such deterioration is said to be minor deterioration. This paper deals with the modelling and evaluation of availability of a system subjected to minor deterioration under imperfect repair. In this paper, we developed the explicit expression of system availability using probabilistic approach and determine the effect of failure, repair rate and number of states on system availability. The optimal availability level the system can attain is also determined. The results of this paper will enhance the system performance and useful for timely execution of proper maintenance improvement, decision, planning and optimisation. Copyright © 2015 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Availability; Deterioration; Imperfect repair; Number of states	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873345244	Modeling the impact of rehabilitation, amelioration and relapse on the prevalence of drug epidemics	Njagarah H.J.B., Nyabadza F.	2013	Journal of Biological Systems	21	1	10.1142/S0218339013500010	Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa	Njagarah, H.J.B., Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Nyabadza, F., Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa	Substance abuse remains a global menace in spite of recurrent warnings, seizures, social and pharmacological effects associated with addiction to drugs. In this paper, we use a mathematical model which is a combination of the classical SIS and SIR models to investigate the dynamics of substance abuse. Initiation into drug use is based on contact of those at risk (the susceptible population) with drug users at different levels of drug use. We evaluate the threshold number and use it to analyze the model. We show that when this threshold number is less than unity, the drug-free steady state is globally asymptotically stable and when this threshold number is greater than unity the drug-persistent steady state is also globally stable. The impact of amelioration, rehabilitation and re-initiation on drug epidemics is investigated. Amelioration in presence of quitting for light users is observed to reduce the prevalence of substance abuse and this is supported by numerical simulations. The results show that both prevention and treatment/rehabilitation are necessary strategies for reduction of drug epidemics. Our recommendation is that preventive strategies should be directed toward reducing the contact rate and treatment should be combined with psychotherapy to accelerate quitting and reduce re-initiation. © 2013 World Scientific Publishing Company.	Amelioration; Global Stability; Persistence; Reproduction Number; Sensitivity Analysis; Simulations; Substance Abuse	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903306694	Performance of richardson extrapolation on some numerical methods for a singularly perturbed turning point problem whose solution has boundary layers	Munyakazi J.B., Patidar K.C.	2014	Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society	51	4	10.4134/JKMS.2014.51.4.679	Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa	Munyakazi, J.B., Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; Patidar, K.C., Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa	Investigation of the numerical solution of singularly perturbed turning point problems dates back to late 1970s. However, due to the presence of layers, not many high order schemes could be developed to solve such problems. On the other hand, one could think of applying the convergence acceleration technique to improve the performance of existing numerical methods. However, that itself posed some challenges. To this end, we design and analyze a novel fitted operator finite difference method (FOFDM) to solve this type of problems. Then we develop a fitted mesh finite difference method (FMFDM). Our detailed convergence analysis shows that this FMFDM is robust with respect to the singular perturbation parameter. Then we investigate the effect of Richardson extrapolation on both of these methods. We observe that, the accuracy is improved in both cases whereas the rate of convergence depends on the particular scheme being used. © 2014 Korean Mathematical Society.	Boundary layers; Error estimates; Fitted mesh finite difference method; Fitted operator finite difference methods; Richardson extrapolation; Singular perturbations; Turning point problems	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-82355164606	Performance ratings of an autocovariance base estimator (ABE) in the estimation of GARCH model parameters when the normality assumption is invalid	Eni D.	2009	Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods	8	2	None	Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Nigeria	Eni, D., Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Nigeria	The performance of an autocovariance base estimator (ABE) for GARCH models against that of the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) if a distribution assumption is wrongly specified as normal was studied. This was accomplished by simulating time series data that fits a GARCH model using the Log normal and t-distributions with degrees of freedom of 5, 10 and 15. The simulated time series was considered as the true probability distribution, but normality was assumed in the process of parameter estimations. To track consistency, sample sizes of 200, 500, 1,000 and 1,200 were employed. The two methods were then used to analyze the series under the normality assumption. The results show that the ABE method appears to be competitive in the situations considered. © 2009 JMASM, Inc.	Autocovariance functions; Garch; Normality; Parameter estimation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908505438	The impact of bugs reported from operational phase on successive software releases	Garmabaki A.H.S., Kapur P.K., Aggarwal A.G., Yadavali V.S.S.	2014	International Journal of Productivity and Quality Management	14	4	10.1504/IJPQM.2014.065556	Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Islamic Azad University, Nour Branch, Nour, Iran; Amity International Business School, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Operational Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India; Department of Industrial and System Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Garmabaki, A.H.S., Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Islamic Azad University, Nour Branch, Nour, Iran; Kapur, P.K., Amity International Business School, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India; Aggarwal, A.G., Department of Operational Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India; Yadavali, V.S.S., Department of Industrial and System Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Software testing is a necessary part of software development life cycle (SDLC) to achieve a high reliable software system. In today's software environment of global competition where each company is trying to prove itself better than its competitors, software companies have to continually do up-gradation or add-ons in their software to survive in the market. Each succeeding up-gradation offers some innovative performance or new functionality, distinguishing itself from the past release. We consider the combined effect of bugs encountered during testing of present release and user reported bug from operational phase. The model developed in the paper takes into consideration the testing and the operational phase where fault removal phenomenon follows Kapur-Garg model and Weibull-model respectively. The model developed is validated on real datasets for software which has been released in the market with new features. Copyright © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Multi release up-gradation; NHPP; Non-homogeneous poison process; Operational phase; Quality management; Testing phase	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901626301	The impact of instruction in enhancing teachers' knowledge of teaching mathematics in some Lesotho primary schools	Moru E.K., Qhobela M., Maqutu T.Z.	2014	Teacher Development	18	2	10.1080/13664530.2014.900107	Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, National University of Lesotho, Roma 180, Maseru 100, Lesotho, South Africa; Department of Science Education, National University of Lesotho, Lesotho, South Africa; Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa	Moru, E.K., Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, National University of Lesotho, Roma 180, Maseru 100, Lesotho, South Africa; Qhobela, M., Department of Science Education, National University of Lesotho, Lesotho, South Africa; Maqutu, T.Z., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa	The quality of mathematics teaching in Lesotho primary education remains one of the vexing problems in the education system. The study investigated how teachers viewed the impact of instruction on enhancing their knowledge of teaching. Data for the study were elicited from the second-year students enrolled for a Bachelor of Education in the 2009/10 academic year at the National University of Lesotho. Questionnaires and interviews were used for data collection. The findings show that before instruction, the teachers operated with limited knowledge of teaching. At the end of the course the teachers' knowledge of teaching was enhanced. Significant change was apportioned to engaging in reflection and teaching for relational understanding. Implications of the findings for the course, teacher education and professional development are also discussed. © 2014 © 2014 Teacher Development.	mathematics teaching; teacher beliefs; teacher education; teacher knowledge; teacher professional development	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84883270345	Monitoring crime rates with control charts using GIS classifications	Bello, Gulumbe S.U., Yelwa S.A., Badamasi M.M.	2012	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	7	2	10.3923/jeasci.2012.207.214	Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Hassan Usman Katsina Polytechnic, Katsin, Nigeria; Department of Mathematics, Usmanu Danfodio University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Department of Geography, Nigeria	Bello, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Hassan Usman Katsina Polytechnic, Katsin, Nigeria; Gulumbe, S.U., Department of Mathematics, Usmanu Danfodio University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Yelwa, S.A., Department of Geography, Nigeria; Badamasi, M.M., Department of Geography, Nigeria	Monitoring crime rate with statistical tools and modem scientific and technological methods determine the safely index or otherwise of a geographical area. This study explores the use of GIS classifications and mean and range charts for monitoring crime rates in a geographical area. The standard charts were constructed using the crime rates of the median levels of crimes from GIS classification of Katsina state crime data. The historical mean can be use to monitor the levels of the crimes in the future period. © Medwell Journals, 2012.	Charts; Crime; GIS; Mean; Nigeria; Property; Range	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84966669944	Merit measures and validation in employee evaluation and selection	Malebye W.P.R., Seeletse S.M., Rivera M.A.	2015	Problems and Perspectives in Management	13	3	None	Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa; Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, South Africa; School of Public Administration, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States	Malebye, W.P.R., Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa; Seeletse, S.M., Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, South Africa; Rivera, M.A., School of Public Administration, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States	Applicants for employment are usually compared subjectively in the selection process, and the selections made are typically not reliable, if only because they are seldom verifiable empirically. The present study describes a process of much more objective selection sequence, one that involves a quantitative/mathematical measure that may be used in selecting a candidate applying for a job, in a process then adds two other independent measures to validate the decision taken. The approach followed is a stepwise combination of SToR methods (Statistics and Operations Research, incorporating SAW, TOPSIS, and WP). In this analysis, SAW (simple additive weighting) is used in the first-cut selection process, and TOPSIS (technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution) and WP (weighted product) are used to validate selections. A practical exercise was developed from an actual selection problem, part of a real-world recruitment task undertaken in an organization for which the authors consulted, and in which the human resources (HR) department wanted to check if their selection was justifiable, and demonstrably valid. The resulting analytical approach was clearly valid, consistent, reliable, and replicable, and convincing to that HR department, since it considered the determinations made by our system quite satisfactory, while theirs could not stand up to empirical testing or corroboration. © Wilson P.R. Malebye, Solly M. Seeletse, Mario A. Rivera, 2015.	Candidate selection; Decisional complexity; Fuzzy-goal programming; HRM; MCDM; Person-job environment fit; Person-job requirement fit; SToR; SW; TOPSIS; WP	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84888117571	The effect of a group approach on the performance of high school mathematics learners	Dhlamini J., Mogari D.	2013	Pythagoras	34	2	10.4102/pythagoras.v34i2.198	Department of Mathematics Education, University of South Africa, South Africa; Institute for Science and Technology Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	Dhlamini, J., Department of Mathematics Education, University of South Africa, South Africa; Mogari, D., Institute for Science and Technology Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	In this study, we investigated the effects of a group approach versus a non-group approach on the mathematics performance of learners. A group approach refers to an arrangement in which learners sit together to discuss and solve mathematics tasks. We studied a convenience sample of low-performing Grade 10 mathematics learners using a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group. The experimental group was taught using a group approach and the control group using non-group approach instruction. To measure the effects of teaching approaches, we administered a Financial Mathematics Achievement Test (FMAT) before and after the experiment. Using a one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) the study found that learners in a group approach learning environment performed significantly better than learners taught through a non-group teaching mode (p < 0.05). The theory of cognitive load was used to interpret the results. The results suggest that a group approach may be effective when teaching certain mathematics topics in Grade 10 classrooms. © 2013. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84910029166	Effect of practical work on grade 10 learners’ performance in science in mankweng circuit, South Africa	Kibirige I., Rebecca M.M., Mavhunga F.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	23	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n23p1568	Department of Mathematics Science and Technology Education, University of Limpopo, South Africa	Kibirige, I., Department of Mathematics Science and Technology Education, University of Limpopo, South Africa; Rebecca, M.M., Department of Mathematics Science and Technology Education, University of Limpopo, South Africa; Mavhunga, F., Department of Mathematics Science and Technology Education, University of Limpopo, South Africa	The effect of practical work on learners’ performance in Science was investigated using a quasi-experimental design with preand post-tests. 60 learners (N=30) for the Experimental Group were taught using practical work while (N=30) for the Control Group were taught without practical work. Results from post post-tests show that learners from the EG outperformed those from the CG. Average mean of EG (M = 22.8, SD = 6.50) and average mean of CG (M = 11.3, SD 3.0) were statistically different (t-test = 8.63, df = 58, p < 0.05) and ANCOVA results suggest that the difference was due to the effect of practical work. A Mann-Whitney U-test show that there was no significant differences in performance between boys and girls in the EG. Findings from this study show that practical work improved learners' performance. The implication for teachers is that the use of practical work in teaching of Physical Sciences improves learners’ performance. © 2014 Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Chalk-and-talk; Integrated processes; Learners' experience; Learners' performance; Practical work	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84951291038	Performance rating of the transmuted exponential distribution: an analytical approach	Owoloko E.A., Oguntunde P.E., Adejumo A.O.	2015	SpringerPlus	4	1	10.1186/s40064-015-1590-6	Department of Mathematics, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Department of Statistics, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria	Owoloko, E.A., Department of Mathematics, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Oguntunde, P.E., Department of Mathematics, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Adejumo, A.O., Department of Statistics, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria	In this article, the so called Transmuted Exponential (TE) distribution was applied to two real life datasets to assess its potential flexibility over some other generalized models. Various statistical properties of the TE distribution were also identified while the method of maximum likelihood estimation was used to estimate the model parameters. © 2015, Owoloko et al.	Estimation; Flexibility; Maximum likelihood estimation; Properties; Transmuted Exponential	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941553650	Performance, compliance and reliability of Waste stabilization pond: Effluent discharge quality and environmental protection agency standards in Ghana	Owusu-Ansah E.D.-G.J., Sampson A., Amponsah S.K., Abaidoo R.C., Hald T.	2015	Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology	10	11	None	Department of Mathematics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Department of Biochemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Epidemiology and Risk Assessment, Division of Microbiology and Risk Assessment, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Morkhoj Bygade, Soborg, Denmark	Owusu-Ansah, E.D.-G.J., Department of Mathematics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Sampson, A., Department of Biochemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Amponsah, S.K., Department of Mathematics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Abaidoo, R.C., College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Hald, T., Epidemiology and Risk Assessment, Division of Microbiology and Risk Assessment, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Morkhoj Bygade, Soborg, Denmark	Measuring performance has been arguerably, one of the metric with many facets with different school of thoughts, as there exist different approaches of measuring it. Several of the existing approaches measure such metric by comparison with standards esherined in policy documents and as a result, takes less look to its compliance and reliability of values being matched to an established standards. This study seeks to integrate reliability and compliance into measuring of performance of Waste Stabilization Pond (WSP) and Treatment Plant (TP) as well as to generate the appropriate standard chart tables using the Ghana Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) approved discharge values for physico-chemical and some biological parameters to account for these shortfalls on over reliance of EPA discharge standards. Probability distribution density function was applied on the lognormal distribution function to establish the relationship between the statistical coefficient of variation and the coefficient of reliability based on rth moment about the origin in the moment of generation function to generate the functions of the mean and standard deviation, properties of the standard Z normal distribution were used to establish the coefficient of reliability relationship depending on the coefficient of variation influenced by the standard of deviation. Discharge values of Physico-chemical Parameters measured from the WSP were found be performing acceptably based on the EPA standards, whereas only four of the TP were acceptable. Discharge Values of physico-chemical and biological parameters which are found to be accepted under comparison with EPA standards were found to have compliance levels below what is generally accepted for Waste Stabilization Ponds (WSP) designed compliance. Based on these shortcomings, reference charts were develop to serve as reference points in assessing the various characteristics of compliance and performance of WSPs in Ghana on (28) physico-chemical and biological parameters. These charts are intended to make it easier to assess the performance of WSPs and its corresponding reliability and compliance level to compensate for overreliance on EPA standards alone. © Maxwell Scientific Organization, 2015.	Coefficient of reliability; Coefficient of variation; Effluent quality discharge; EPA standards; Lognormal distribution; Performance and compliance; Probability of reliability; Waste stabilization ponds	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960833699	'Situated' in a separated campus - students' sense of belonging and academic performance: A case study of the experiences of students during a higher education merger	de Beer J., Smith U., Jansen C.	2009	Education as Change	13	1	10.1080/16823200902944922	Department of Mathematics, Science, Technology and Computer Education, Faculty of Education, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa; University of Pretoria, South Africa	de Beer, J., Department of Mathematics, Science, Technology and Computer Education, Faculty of Education, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa; Smith, U., University of Pretoria, South Africa; Jansen, C., University of Pretoria, South Africa	Fourteen years into post-apartheid South Africa, learning institutions are still facing the challenge of ensuring access to and success in education for all. Institutions for higher learning have experienced a number of mergers, and this article reflects on the surprising patterns of student performance in a case where one of the campuses of a historically black university (HBU) was incorporated into a historically white university (HWU). This mixed method research was done on two groups of foundation year students; one group placed at a suburban campus (the HWU), and the other group within a township (the HBU). Despite the fact that the academic programmes and support structures of the two campuses were comparable, and the student profiles regarding M- scores, socio-economic and cultural background, language proficiency, etc were similar, the academic performance of the students at the HBU campus was poor in comparison with that of the students at the HWU. From a Cartesian perspective the researchers were tempted to look at student performance on these two campuses through a cognitive science lens, locating cognitive functioning within the rational individual. However, we soon realised that students' academic progress can be better explained by viewing it through the lens of relational ontology, which acknowledges that learning occurs in the realm between individuals and their world, and also activity theory. This article focuses on the interesting group dynamics on the two campuses, and the theory of "goodness of fit", as well as students' sense of belonging, in an attempt to shed light on the differences in their academic performance on the two campuses. © Unisa Press.	Campus locality; Situated cognition; Situated learning; Students' sense of belonging; Tertiary academic performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84861765177	Gendered Play and Evaluation of Computer Video Games by Young South Africans	Amory A., Molomo B.	2012	Gender, Technology and Development	16	2	10.1177/097185241201600203	Department of Mathematics, Science, Technology and Computer Education, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa	Amory, A., Department of Mathematics, Science, Technology and Computer Education, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa; Molomo, B., Department of Mathematics, Science, Technology and Computer Education, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa	This study investigates the preferences and attitudes of young South Africans who play and evaluate computer video games. The quantitative data reported here is part of a partially mixed concurrent quantitative/qualitative research design. Seventy-eight participants (14 to 24 years old) took part in game play workshops that lasted for five days, after which they answered a survey. Results show that young South African women and men like similar games, identify with female game characters, dislike cognitively challenging games, and rate their competitiveness in a similar way. It is argued that participants performed their gendered stereotypes based on prior social experiences in and expectations of the patriarchal and heteronormative masculine South African society. The study also discusses the implications for the use of games in the classroom. © 2012 Asian Institute of Technology.	computer video games; game play and evaluation; Games for teaching and learning; gender performativity; hegemonic masculinity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84930370100	Local bandwidths for improving performance statistics of model-robust regression 2	Edionwe E., Mbegbu J.I.	2014	Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods	13	2	None	Department of Mathematics, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria	Edionwe, E., Department of Mathematics, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Mbegbu, J.I., Department of Mathematics, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria	Model-Robust Regression 2 (MRR2) method is a semi-parametric regression approach that combines parametric and nonparametric fits. The bandwidth controls the smoothness of the nonparametric portion. We present a methodology for deriving data-driven local bandwidth that enhances the performance of MRR2 method for fitting curves to data generated from designed experiments. © 2014 JMASM, Inc.	Local bandwidths; Model-robust regression; Response surface methodology; Semi-parametric methods	None	None
None	None	Modelling the impact of vaccination and screening on the dynamics of human papillomavirus infection	Shaban N., Mofi H.	2014	International Journal of Mathematical Analysis	8	42625	10.12988/ijma.2014.312302	Department of Mathematics, University of Dar es Salaam, Box 35062, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Box 8944, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Shaban, N., Department of Mathematics, University of Dar es Salaam, Box 35062, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Box 8944, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Mofi, H., Box 8944, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	While human papillomavirus has been a recognized disease for a long time, the control of outbreaks remains a challenge. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of screening and vaccination as control strategies in curtailing the spread of the disease. Using the next generation matrix, the disease free equilibrium has be shown to be asymptotically stable. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis is then per-formed on the key parameters driving HPV dynamics in order to detrmine their relative importance and potential impact in HPV dynamics and to dertmine the impacts of vaccination and screening in the spread of HPV. Numerical results in-dicate that HPV infection can be reduced hwn both interventions, that is screenig and vaccination, are implemented in order to reduce the burden of the disease.Copyright. © 2014 Nyimvua Shaban and Hawa Mofi.	HPV infection; Reproduction number; Screening; Treatment; Vaccination	None	None
None	None	The impact of human mobility on HIV transmission in Kenya	Isdory A., Mureithi E.W., Sumpter D.J.T.	2015	PLoS ONE	10	11	10.1371/journal.pone.0142805	Department of Mathematics, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Department of Mathematics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden	Isdory, A., Department of Mathematics, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Mureithi, E.W., Department of Mathematics, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Sumpter, D.J.T., Department of Mathematics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden	Disease spreads as a result of people moving and coming in contact with each other. Thus the mobility patterns of individuals are crucial in understanding disease dynamics. Here we study the impact of human mobility on HIV transmission in different parts of Kenya. We build an SIR metapopulation model that incorporates the different regions within the country. We parameterise the model using census data, HIV data and mobile phone data adopted to track human mobility. We found that movement between different regions appears to have a relatively small overall effect on the total increase in HIV cases in Kenya. However, the most important consequence of movement patterns was transmission of the disease from high infection to low prevalence areas. Mobility slightly increases HIV incidence rates in regions with initially low HIV prevalences and slightly decreases incidences in regions with initially high HIV prevalence. We discuss how regional HIV models could be used in public-health planning. This paper is a first attempt to model spread of HIV using mobile phone data, and we also discuss limitations to the approach. © 2015 Isdory et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903904852	Performance measure of laplace transforms for pricing path dependent options	Nwozo C.R., Fadugba S.E.	2014	International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics	94	2	10.12732/ijpam.v94i2.5	Department of Mathematics, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Mathematical Sciences, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria	Nwozo, C.R., Department of Mathematics, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Fadugba, S.E., Department of Mathematical Sciences, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria	This paper presents a performance measure of Laplace transforms for pricing path dependent options. We obtain a simple expression for the double transform by means of Fourier and Laplace transforms, (with respect to the logarithm of the strike and time to maturity) of the price of continuously monitored Asian options. The double transform is expressed in terms of Gamma functions only. The computation of the price requires a multivariate numerical inversion. Under jump-diffusion model, we show that the Laplace transforms of lookback options can be obtained through a recursion involving only analytical formulae for standard European call and put options. We also show that the numerical inversion can be performed with great accuracy and low computational cost. © 2014 Academic Publications, Ltd.	Asian option; Exotic option; Laplace transform; Lookback option; Path dependent option	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80055059498	Global equilibrium stability of hepatitis B model and vaccination impact	Momoh A.A., Ibrahim M.O., Madu B.A., Asogwa K.K.	2011	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	6	6	10.3923/jeasci.2011.440.445	Department of Mathematics, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto State, Nigeria; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria	Momoh, A.A., Department of Mathematics, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto State, Nigeria; Ibrahim, M.O., Department of Mathematics, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto State, Nigeria; Madu, B.A., Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria; Asogwa, K.K., Department of Mathematics, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto State, Nigeria	In this study, researchers propose an MSEIR model with passive immunisation, exposed individual therapy and infectious hepatitis B therapy to describe the dynamics of HBV transmission. The researchers established the disease free equilibrium and epidemic equilibrium states of the model and analyse for stability of the epidemic equilibrium state using Bellman and Cooke's theorem. We found out the epidemic equilibrium state was stable which implies that the MSEIR model can be used for predicting the long-term effectiveness of the immunisation programme combined with Exposed individuals therapy and infectious hepatitis therapy in sustaining a population. © Medwell Journals, 2011.	Epidemic; Equilibrium state; Hepatitis B; Passive immunisation; Stability; Vaccines	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897381711	The influence of students' perceptions on mathematics performance. A case of a selected high school in South Africa	Mutodi P., Ngirande H.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	3	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n3p431	Department of Maths, Science and Technology, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), South Africa; Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), South Africa	Mutodi, P., Department of Maths, Science and Technology, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), South Africa; Ngirande, H., Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), South Africa	This study investigates the influence of students' perceptions on mathematics performance at a selected South African secondary school. The influence of factors such as strength and weaknesses in mathematics, teacher support/learning material, family background and support, interest in mathematics, difficulties or challenges in doing mathematics, selfconfidence and myths and beliefs about mathematics were identified as constructs of perceptions that influence students' performance. Five of the seven constructs were found to be influential on students' performance in mathematics. Quantitative methods were used to analyse the data collected from a questionnaire which was administered to randomly selected secondary school students (n=124) in Polokwane, South Africa. From the regression analysis of the data, the following hierarchy of themes emerged as components of students' perceptions of mathematics. These were (i) weaknesses in mathematics (ii) family background and support, (iii) interests in mathematics, (iv) self-confidence in mathematics, (v) myths and beliefs about mathematics (vi) teacher /learning material support, (vii) difficulties in learning mathematics. Results from ttests, Anova and suggest that there were significant differences in the perceptions and beliefs about mathematics between males and females, between mature and juvenile students and among students from different language backgrounds respectively. Correlation analysis results showed strong positive relationships between performance and perception constructs such as self-confidence, interests in mathematics, teacher and learning support material as well as myths and beliefs.The respondents tend to view lack of proficiency in mathematics as a challenge, and attribute success in mathematics to effort and perseverance. Students also perceive difficulty in mathematics as an obstacle, and attribute failure to their own lack of inherited mathematical ability. These findings suggest that differences in (i) myths and beliefs about mathematics success, ((ii) motivation given by mathematics teachers and parents, (iii) mathematics teachers' teaching styles and learning materials and (iv) self confidence in mathematics may lead to differences in perceptions about mathematics. These in turn may lead to differences in attitudes towards mathematics and learning mathematics which have a bearing on performance.	Attitudes; Beliefs; Mathematics achievement; Perceptions; Secondary school students	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900464282	The impact of parental involvement on student performance: A case study of a South African secondary school	Mutodi P., Ngirande H.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	8	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n8p279	Department of Maths, Science and Technology, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Private Bag 1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa; Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, South Africa	Mutodi, P., Department of Maths, Science and Technology, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Private Bag 1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa; Ngirande, H., Department of Business Management, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, South Africa	The purpose of this study was to ascertain how parental involvement in South African schools affects the academic performance of students in mathematics. Literature often claim that involvement of parents results in better academic performance than if parents are not involved. The aim of the research was to see if this relationship exists in South African high schools. The study used a quantitative research approach. Data was gathered using a questionnaire administered to 114 students' parents. The main findings are that all the parents who responded are highly involved with their children's education. They have high expectations towards their children's education and performance. Three parental involvement constructs, that is, parenting, parent -teacher communication and home and family support were found to be positively related to performance. Results further indicate that home and family support is the most significant factor that determines a learner's performance. Most of the parents consider themselves to have a good communication with their child's teachers and the school. Children's homework is considered to be important by each parent and they all assist their children with homework. Thus, it may be concluded that by staying involved with their children's education, parents do impact positively on the academic achievement of the students.	Communication; Home and family support; Parent involvement; Parenting	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84938930442	Visual evaluation of beef tenderness by using surface structural observations and its relationship to meat colour	Modika K.Y., Frylinck L., Moloto K.W., Strydom P.E., Heinze P.H., Webb E.C.	2015	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	45	3	10.4314/sajas.v45i3.4	Department of Meat Science, Agricultural Research Council-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X2, Irene, South Africa; Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X2, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa	Modika, K.Y., Department of Meat Science, Agricultural Research Council-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X2, Irene, South Africa, Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X2, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa; Frylinck, L., Department of Meat Science, Agricultural Research Council-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X2, Irene, South Africa; Moloto, K.W., Department of Meat Science, Agricultural Research Council-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X2, Irene, South Africa; Strydom, P.E., Department of Meat Science, Agricultural Research Council-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X2, Irene, South Africa; Heinze, P.H., Department of Meat Science, Agricultural Research Council-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X2, Irene, South Africa; Webb, E.C., Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X2, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa	The study describes the relationship between visual and instrumental measurements for colour and tenderness between five South African beef breeds: Bos indicus (Brahman), Sanga type (Nguni), British Bos taurus (Angus), European Bos taurus (Charolais) and the composite (Bonsmara). Ten animals per genotype were used (total = 50). The carcasses were split and the right sides were electrically stimulated, while the left sides were not stimulated. Steaks were aged until three days post mortem on polystyrene plates and until 9, 14 and 20 days post mortem in vacuum bags. The steaks were evaluated by visual analysis for colour, marbling, fibre separation, surface texture and structure integrity by a 10-member trained panel. Colour was also measured by the CIE L*, a*, b* system using a Minolta meter, and tenderness was measured by means of Warner-Bratzler shear force. High negative correlations were observed between the visual colour and L* (r =-0.809), b* (r =-0.698) and high positive correlations were observed between the visual colour and hue (r = 0.797). There were also negative correlations between shear force and structure integrity (r =-0.410) and fibre separation (r =-0.401). Very low negative correlations were observed between colour and shear force (r =-0.242). Therefore, although it may be possible to judge meat colour by visual analysis, it does not appear possible to predict tenderness by colour judgment. There is potential for an experienced eye to predict tenderness by observing visual structural properties such as fibre separation and structural integrity.	Meat colour and tenderness; Tenderness prediction; Trained visual panel; Visual analysis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84958550682	Novel computational intelligence for optimizing cyber physical pre-evaluation system	Xing B.	2014	Studies in Computational Intelligence	540	None	10.1007/978-981-4585-36-1_15	Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Xing, B., Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Owing to the quality heterogeneity of returned used products, firms engaged in re-manufacturing activities are obliged to employ 100 % inspection of these products to evaluate their quality and suitability for re-manufacturing. In addition to visual inspection, a recent tendency is to use data recorded in electronic devices (e.g., radio frequency identification (RFID)) implanted in the products. In this way, information is obtained quickly without the need for complete (and expensive) product disassembly. Nevertheless, making sense of RFID data in a complex cyber physical system (CPS) environment (which involves such as cloud computing for used product life cycle information retrieval and physically used products scanning) is a complex task. For instance, if an RFID readers fails, there may be missing values exist. The purpose of this chapter is to employ two computational intelligence (CI) optimization methods which can improve the reliability of such inspection process. © 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Singapore.	Cyber physical pre-evaluation system; Firefly algorithm; Radio frequency identification; Re-manufacturability; Reliability-redundancy allocation problem; Teaching-learning- based optimization	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867366944	Monitoring detrusor oxygenation and hemodynamics noninvasively during dysfunctional voiding	MacNab A.J., Stothers L.S., Shadgan B.	2012	Advances in Urology	None	None	10.1155/2012/676303	Department of Urology, UBC Hospital Bladder Care Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study, Wallenberg Research Centre, 10 Marais Street, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa	MacNab, A.J., Department of Urology, UBC Hospital Bladder Care Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada, Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study, Wallenberg Research Centre, 10 Marais Street, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa; Stothers, L.S., Department of Urology, UBC Hospital Bladder Care Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Shadgan, B., Department of Urology, UBC Hospital Bladder Care Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada	The current literature indicates that lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) related to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) have a heterogeneous pathophysiology. Pressure flow studies (UDSs) remain the gold standard evaluation methodology for such patients. However, as the function of the detrusor muscle depends on its vasculature and perfusion, the underlying causes of LUTS likely include abnormalities of detrusor oxygenation and hemodynamics, and available treatment options include agents thought to act on the detrusor smooth muscle and/or vasculature. Hence, near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), an established optical methodology for monitoring changes in tissue oxygenation and hemodynamics, has relevance as a means of expanding knowledge related to the pathophysiology of BPH and potential treatment options. This methodological report describes how to conduct simultaneous NIRS monitoring of detrusor oxygenation and hemodynamics during UDS, outlines the clinical implications and practical applications of NIRS, explains the principles of physiologic interpretation of NIRS voiding data, and proposes an exploratory hypothesis that the pathophysiological causes underlying LUTS include detrusor dysfunction due to an abnormal hemodynamic response or the onset of oxygen debt during voiding. © 2012 Andrew J. Macnab et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70349406495	Performance characterization of packed bed storage system	Adeyanju A.A.	2009	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	4	1	None	Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago, Nigeria	Adeyanju, A.A., Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago, Nigeria	Modeling of packed-bed heat transfer can be a problem of immense complexity in some cases requiring the use of 3-D finite-element techniques to understand the dynamics of stratification and fluid-solid interaction during different modes of operation. The analytical solution to the packed bed heat transfer was identified in this study and a set of governing equations that economically and accurately characterize the dominant energy transfer mechanisms in a charging or discharging packed bed storage tank over long time periods that include multiple cycles were analyzed. © Medwell Journal, 2009.	Analytical; Characterization; Heat transfer; Packed-bed; Stratification	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84906546160	The impact of gasoline and synthesized ethanol blends on the emissions of a spark ignition engine	Kuburi L.S., Obada D.O., Samotu I.A., Jeremiah M., Kashim Z.A.	2014	World Journal of Engineering	11	4	10.1260/1708-5284.11.4.391	Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Department of Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	Kuburi, L.S., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Obada, D.O., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Samotu, I.A., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Jeremiah, M., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Kashim, Z.A., Department of Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	Considering pollution problems and the energy crisis today, investigations have been concentrated on lowering the concentration of toxic components in combustion products and decreasing fossil fuel consumption by using renewable alternative fuels. In this work, the effect of ethanol addition to gasoline on the exhaust emissions of a spark ignition engine at various speeds was established. Ethanol was extracted from groundnut seeds using fermentation method. Gasoline was blended with 20 - 80% of the extracted ethanol in an interval of 20%. Results of the engine test indicated that using ethanol-gasoline blended fuels decreased carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions as a result of the lean- burn effects caused by the ethanol, and the carbon dioxide (CO2) emission increased because of a near complete combustion. Finally, the results showed that blending ethanol in a proportion of 40% with gasoline can be used as a supplementary fuel in modern spark ignition engines as it is expected that the engine performs at its optimum in terms of air toxic pollutants reduction, by virtue of that mix.	Ethanol; Gasoline; Green house gases; Spark ignition engine	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84871104204	Electrochemical corrosion resistance evaluation of ferritic stainless steel in HCl	Loto C.A., Loto R.T.	2012	International Journal of Electrochemical Science	7	11	None	Department of Mechanical Engineering, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa	Loto, C.A., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria, Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Loto, R.T., Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa	Corrosion resistance behaviour of S43903 ferritic stainless steel was evaluated in different hydrochloric acid and the acid chloride concentrations. The experiments were performed at ambient temperature using potentiodynamic polarization measurement. This paper reports the observed electrochemical response of the experimental tests. Different concentrations of the test media were used with sodium chloride addition. Tafel and polarization resistance techniques were used to estimate the corrosion rate and the polarisation resistance of the alloy samples tested. The results obtained showed some magnitude of corrosion susceptibility for the stainless steel at higher HCl concentrations and also in the acid chloride test media. © 2012 by ESG.	Corrosion; Ferritic stainless steel; Hydrochloric acid; Polarization; Sodium chloride	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80051941505	Assessing the performance of potassium dichromate and aniline on concrete steel rebar deterioration in marine and microbial media	Omotosho O.A.	2011	Research Journal of Applied Sciences	6	3	10.3923/rjasci.2011.143.149	Department of Mechanical Engineering, Covenant University, P.M.B. 1023 Ota, Nigeria	Omotosho, O.A., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Covenant University, P.M.B. 1023 Ota, Nigeria	The study used the two-parameter Weibull distribution function to analyze data obtained from electrochemical potential monitoring experiments. Two sets of fifteen steel-rebar test samples admixed with varying concentration of aniline, potassium dichromate and their synergistic combination with fixed amount of sodium chloride salt partially immersed in NaCl and H2SO4 solution at ambient temperature had their potential readings taken in accordance with ASTM C 876. Performance quality and consistency of the inhibitor was then estimated by the Weibull probability density distribution as an extreme value statistical modeling approach to study the efficacy and predict the most efficient inhibitor concentration in each media. The study also investigated the effect of the inhibitors on the compressive strengths of the reinforced concrete samples. Test sample admixed with 0.34 and 0.41 M aniline was predicted as exhibiting the best inhibiting quality in NaCl medium while in the H2SO4 medium the synergistic combination of 0.03 MK2Cr2O7 and 0.30 M aniline exhibited the best performance. The compressive strength values of test sample admixed with 0.41 M aniline was the highest in both the microbial (303 KN) and marine (315 KN) medium while the control test sample in the NaCl medium showed the highest overall increase (330 KN) in compressive strength. © 2011 Medwell Journals.	Aniline; Compressive strength; Kolmogorov-smirnov statistics; Marine/microbial medi; Potassium dichromate; Potential; Steel rebar; Weibull distribution	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904003140	Performance of A R22 split-air-conditioner when retrofitted with ozone friendly refrigerants (R410A and R417A)	Bolaji B.O.	2012	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	23	3	None	Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Nigeria	Bolaji, B.O., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Nigeria	R22 that has been used predominantly in air conditioning and in medium and low-temperature applications contains ozone depleting chlorine atoms and hence will be phased out eventually. This paper presents the experimental performance study of a split-air-conditioner using ozone friendly alternative refrigerants. The existing split-air-conditioner originally designed for R22 as the working fluid was retrofitted with R410A and R417A respectively, and the performance of the system was evaluated and compared with its performance when R22 was used. Experimental results showed that with R417A, the system had 1.9% higher refrigeration capacity and 14.2% lower with R410A when compared to that of R22. The average discharge pressure of the compressor obtained with R417A and R410A were 3.8% lower and 10.3% higher, respectively, than with R22. The lowest compressor power consumption and pressure ratio were obtained with the R417A retrofitted system. The average coefficient of performance (COP) obtained using R417A is 2.9% higher, while that of R410A is 8.4% lower than that of R22. Generally, with R417A the system consistently had the best performance in comparison to both R22 and R410A, indicating that R417A would be a better choice for retrofitting existing split-air-conditioners originally designed to use R22 as working fluid.	Experimental; Performance; R22; R410A; R417A; Retrofitting; Split-air-conditioners	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84865128244	Development and evaluation of a prototype refrigerated cooling table for conference services	Mohammed A., Elaigu A.E., Adeniyi A.A., Hassan A.B.	2012	International Journal of Engineering and Technology	4	2	None	Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; Schlumberge, Schlumberger House, Buckingham Gate, Gatwick Airport, Sussex, London, United Kingdom; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin,	Mohammed, A., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; Elaigu, A.E., Schlumberge, Schlumberger House, Buckingham Gate, Gatwick Airport, Sussex, London, United Kingdom; Adeniyi, A.A., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Hassan, A.B., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria	This paper presents the development and evaluation of a prototype refrigerated cooling table for conference services. The major components of the table are compressor, condenser, evaporator, capilary tube, thermostat and table metal wooden frame. The table uses vapour compression cycle based on the Evans-Perkins (reverse Rankine) cycle as its principle of operation. The evaporator has three cabinet ports. Plywood and square mild steel pipes are used for the construction of the table frame. The refrigerated cooling table successfully reduces temperature of beverages from 35°C to 15.5°C, 13°C and 11°C, when placed in a plastic, glass and stainless steel containers respectively. The refrigerated cooling table performs better when compared with a standard domestic refrigerator. The coefficient of performance using experimental values is 5.14 with a compressor power of 69.3W for three participants.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953521278	Evaluation of the tensile strength of foundry cores made with hybridized binder composed of neem oil and Nigerian gum arabic	Ademoh N.A.	2010	International Journal of Physical Sciences	5	5	None	Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nigerian Defence Academy, P. M. B 2109, Kaduna, Nigeria	Ademoh, N.A., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nigerian Defence Academy, P. M. B 2109, Kaduna, Nigeria	Defined quantities of the vegetable oil extracted from the seed of neem tree were mixed with each of four commercial grades of Nigerian gum arabic exudates as hybrid binders for foundry sand cores. The cores which were made with silica sand were classified and oven baked at 200°C for 1 - 3 h, oven cooled and then tested for tensile strength using standard universal strength machine to ascertain their level of suitability for industrial casting. The specimens for tensile strength were shaped like figure eight. The result showed that grade 2 gum arabic hybrids with Neem oil offered best economic advantage as it attained required tensile strength after the shortest period of baking. It was followed by the grade 4, grade 1 and then grade 3 gum arabic based hybrids with neem oil in that order. The benefit of hybridizing Nigerian gum arabic exudates with neem oil was more pronounced when cores were baked at about the melting temperature of the grade of gum arabic involved. Baking cores below the melting point marginally improved bond strength while baking them at temperatures well above melting point depressed tensile strength. © 2010 Academic Journals.	Gum arabic; Hybrid binder; Neem oil; Tensile strength	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880254832	Duration of diabetes and glycemic control: Impact on echocardiography findings in children and young adults with diabetes mellitus in Lagos	Adeniyi O.F., Oduwole A.O., Okoromah C.A.N., Ekure E., Fajolu I.B., Ladapo T.A.	2013	International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries	33	2	10.1007/s13410-013-0116-4	Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Lagos University Teaching Hospital Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria	Adeniyi, O.F., Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Oduwole, A.O., Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria, Lagos University Teaching Hospital Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria; Okoromah, C.A.N., Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria, Lagos University Teaching Hospital Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria; Ekure, E., Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria, Lagos University Teaching Hospital Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria; Fajolu, I.B., Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria, Lagos University Teaching Hospital Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria; Ladapo, T.A., Lagos University Teaching Hospital Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria	The influence of disease duration and glycemic control on cardiac function in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients remains controversial. There is little data on young patients in the Sub-Saharan continent. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of disease duration and glycemic control on the cardiac function of children and adolescents with diabetes using echocardiography. In this cross sectional study, 26 T1DM subjects and 33 matched controls had conventional echocardiography done. The relationship between their cardiac parameters, disease duration and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level was assessed with correlation and regression analysis. Five (19.2 %) subjects had evidence of abnormal fractional shortening. There was no significant difference in systolic function between the diabetics and controls. The isovolumic relaxation time and Deceleration time were significantly prolonged in the diabetics (P = 0.034, P = 0.001 respectively). There was a significant correlation between disease duration and end diastolic diameter (EDD) (P = 0.000) and Left ventricular mass (P = 0.000). Disease duration was also an independent predictor of EDD (P = 0.007), even after adjusting for age, body mass index and mean arterial pressure. There were no significant correlations between HbA1c and measures of cardiac structure or function. The right ventricular diastolic function was poorer in the T1DM subjects compared to the controls. Thus, the disease duration independently predicts left ventricular enlargement in this population of Sub-Saharan youths (who have relatively poor glycemic control). © 2013 Research Society for Study of Diabetes in India.	Cardiac; Left ventricular dysfunction; Sub saharan	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873479358	Evaluation of corrosion cost of crude oil processing industry	Akinyemi O.O., Nwaokocha C.N., Adesanya A.O.	2012	Journal of Engineering Science and Technology	7	4	None	Department of Mechanical Engineering, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ibogun Campus, PMB 5026, Ifo Post Office, Nigeria	Akinyemi, O.O., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ibogun Campus, PMB 5026, Ifo Post Office, Nigeria; Nwaokocha, C.N., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ibogun Campus, PMB 5026, Ifo Post Office, Nigeria; Adesanya, A.O., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ibogun Campus, PMB 5026, Ifo Post Office, Nigeria	Crude oil production industry as the hub of Nigeria Economy is not immune to the global financial meltdown being experienced world over which have resulted in a continual fall of oil price. This has necessitated the need to reduce cost of production. One of the major costs of production is corrosion cost, hence, its evaluation. This research work outlined the basic principles of corrosion prevention, monitoring and inspection and attempted to describe ways in which these measures may be adopted in the context of oil production. A wide range of facilities are used in crude oil production making it difficult to evaluate precisely the extent of corrosion and its cost implication. In this study, cost of corrosion per barrel was determined and the annualized value of corrosion cost was also determined using the principles of engineering economy and results analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that among the corrosion prevention methods identified, the use of chemical treatment gave the highest cost contribution (81%) of the total cost of prevention while coating added 19%. Cleaning pigging and cathodic protection gave no cost. The contribution of corrosion maintenance methods are 60% for repairs and 40% for replacement. Also among the corrosion monitoring and inspection identified, NDT gave the highest cost contribution of 41% of the total cost, followed by coating survey (34%). Cathodic protection survey and crude analysis gives the lowest cost contribution of 19% and 6% respectively. Corrosion control cost per barrel was found to be 77 cent/barrel. The significance of this cost was not much due to high price of crude oil in the international market. But the effect of corrosion in crude oil processing takes its toll on crude oil production (i.e. deferment). © School of Engineering, Taylor's University.	Annuities and corrosion control; Deferment; Downhole; Downtime	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79953865840	Performance optimization of oilfield decanting centrifuges	Philips O.J., Barinaadaa Thaddeus L.A.	2011	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	6	2	10.3923/jeasci.2011.127.129	Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Philips, O.J., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Barinaadaa Thaddeus, L.A., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	This study examines the performance of oilfield decanting centrifuges. Performance parameters that affect the operation and selection of decanting centrifuges used for solids control in drilling mud treatment and dewatering were identified. These are G-force, fluid viscosity, pond depth, feed rate, differential RPM and particle size. Experimental work using Guinard D4KBX decanting centrifuge on oil based mud at specific gravities of 1.20, 1.45 and 1.65 gave optimal performance values of 5 m3 h-1 feed flow rate, bowl RPM of 3000 and low fluid viscosity at mud relative density of 1.20. © Medwell Journals, 2011.	Centrifuge; Decanting; Mechanical separation; Nigeria; Oilfield; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84913573170	Evaluation of failures in mechanical crankshafts of automobile based on expert opinion	Kareem B.	2015	Case Studies in Engineering Failure Analysis	3	None	10.1016/j.csefa.2014.11.001	Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Nigeria	Kareem, B., Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Nigeria	In this study, mechanical crankshaft failures for automobiles are evaluated based on experts' opinion. This was done using data obtained using techniques based on oral interviews and questionnaire administration on mechanical failure of crankshafts from the experts working in the areas of automobile maintenance and crankshafts reconditioning. The data collected were analyzed using statistical methods based on probability. With this technique, probability of failure for each category of automobiles namely private, commercial cars and buses were evaluated. The results obtained show that private cars had lowest failure rate at the initial stage while commercial buses had the highest failure rate. At later periods all categories of automobile crankshafts considered had their failure rates converged steadily with stable reliability. Application of 6-sigma continuous improvement tool to the process indicated a further reliability improvement through improved oil lubrication system, especially in the thrust bearing. This showed that increased enlightenment campaign among the various stakeholders in automobile industries will improve on the choice of reliable mechanical crankshafts. © 2014 The Authors.	Crankshaft failure; Experts' opinion; Sigma quality; Statistical analysis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78751564579	Exergetic performance of a domestic refrigerator using R12 and its alternative refrigerants	Bolaji B.O.	2010	Journal of Engineering Science and Technology	5	4	None	Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria	Bolaji, B.O., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria	Production and use of R12 and other chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants will be prohibited completely all over the world in the year 2010 due to their harmful effects on the earth's protective ozone layer. Therefore, in this study, the exergetic performance of a domestic refrigerator using two environment-friendly refrigerants (R134a and R152a) was investigated and compared with the performance of the system when R12 (an ozone depleting refrigerant) was used. The effects of evaporator temperature on the coefficient of performance (COP), exergy flow destruction, exergetic efficiency and efficiency defect in the four major components of the cycle for R12, R134a and R152a were experimentally investigated. The results obtained showed that the average COP of R152a was very close to that of R12 with only 1.4% reduction, while 18.2% reduction was obtained for R134a in comparison with that of R12. The highest average exergetic efficiency of the system (41.5%) was obtained using R152a at evaporator temperature of -3.0°C. The overall efficiency defect in the refrigeration cycle working with R152a is consistently better (lower) than those of R12 and R134a. Generally, R152a performed better than R134a in terms of COP, exergetic efficiency and efficiency defect as R12 substitute in domestic refrigeration system. © School of engineering, Taylor's university.	Domestic; Exergetic; Performance; R12 alternatives; Refrigeration	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84926149109	Prototype design and performance analysis of a sieving machine for improved food-slurry processing in Nigeria	Simolowo O.E., Adeniji O.O.	2011	Indian Journal of Science and Technology	4	12	10.17485/ijst/2011/v4i12/30299	Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Simolowo, O.E., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Adeniji, O.O., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	This study is on the modification and improvement of an "Ogi" (ground corn slurry) sieving machine that was earlier designed based on suction principle. A vibration machine for the sieving of a major staple food and primary infant diet in many countries in Africa popularly known as "Ogi" has been fabricated in this work. Experimental performance tests were carried out using the modified machine and the results were compared with the conventional or manual sieving process. In Nigeria, and many African countries, the domestic and medium-scale processing of various food slurry such as those for corn, sorghum, soya beans and millet have been done manually over the years with little or no technological development. These manual processes are associated with obvious constraints such as excessive length of time, tedium and boredom coupled with inherent unhygienic conditions surrounding these processes. Results showed that the newly designed vibration sieving machine was more efficient than the manual process. It had an average filtration rate of 1.6×10-5 m3/s against 8.68×10-6 m3/s for the manual method, thereby bringing about over 82% improvement over the manual sieving process. Hence, this work presents a remarkable contribution to the processing of various staple foods in Nigeria and Africa as a whole by applying the principles of vibration to the design of new sieving equipment. © Indian Society for Education and Environment (iSee).	Design-modification; Food-slurry; Performance-analysis; Sieving	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84961361674	CAD/CAM applications: Status and impact in Nigerian industrial sector	Simolowo E., Okonkwo F.C., Kehinde O.O.	2010	Indian Journal of Science and Technology	3	6	10.17485/ijst/2010/v3i6/29774	Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Simolowo, E., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Okonkwo, F.C., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Kehinde, O.O., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	This research assessed, among others, the current status and the impact of Computer-Aided Design (CAD) and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) applications in the Nigerian industrial and technological sector. Two prominent cities Lagos and Ibadan were selected as centers of case studies to establish the level of the applications. Data was collected from industries within the 2 cities in the areas of manufacturing, design, production, construction and consultancy service units during a year long study. From the survey, 56% of companies visited in Lagos metropolis apply Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) activities in their operations. Also 60% of the companies considered in Ibadan metropolis apply CAE, of which 75% are into CAD, 12.5% are applying CAM whereas 12.5% are utilizing Computer Numerically Controlled (CNC) machines. Conclusively, the commonest CAD techniques employed by the industries surveyed are Auto CAD and Archi CAD representing 55.6% and 33.3% of the total packages being used in the visited companies respectively. © Indian Society for Education and Environment (iSee).	CAD/CAM-applications; Improvements; Nigerian-industries status	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941740138	Performance of growing cattle on poor-quality rangelands supplemented with farm-formulated protein supplements in Zimbabwe	Gusha J., Katsande S., Zvinorova P.I., Halimani T.E., Chiuta T.	2015	Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition	99	5	10.1111/jpn.12303	Department of Paraclinical Veterinary Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe; Department of Animal Science, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe; Makoholi Research Institute, Masvingo, Zimbabwe	Gusha, J., Department of Paraclinical Veterinary Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe; Katsande, S., Department of Paraclinical Veterinary Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe; Zvinorova, P.I., Department of Paraclinical Veterinary Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe; Halimani, T.E., Department of Animal Science, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe; Chiuta, T., Makoholi Research Institute, Masvingo, Zimbabwe	Farmers use different non-conventional protein supplements and different feeding strategies to aid their animals survive the dry season in Zimbabwe. The strategies can be giving supplements once a week or once every other day up to very little supplement daily. Supplements are either legume crop residues or forage legumes. However, the efficacy of the use of non-conventional protein supplements in promoting growth and at the same time lowering the age at first calving is little understood. The study tested whether supplementing with farm-formulated non-conventional feeds could reduce live weight loss during the dry season and promote live weight gain as well as early development of sexual maturity in beef cattle. In a completely randomized design, thirty dams with calves on hooves were allocated to five different treatments which were repeated during the dry season for 3 years. The 3-year study results show that weight loss can be controlled, resulting in positive growth in both the pre-weaning and post-weaning phases of growing cattle. Yearlings fed solely on natural pasture lost significant weight during the dry season as compared to supplemented groups. The period to puberty and first calving was achieved at 18 and 27 months, respectively. Using non-conventional protein supplements could thus improve livestock productivity in resource-poor farming communities. It was concluded that smallholder farmers can supplement cattle with a kilogram per day of low-cost farm-based non-conventional legume meal to improve livestock productivity in semi-arid regions of Zimbabwe. © 2015 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.	Forage legumes; Low production; Non-conventional feeds; Resource-poor farmers	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84877143163	Improving human performance: Industry factors influencing the ability to perform	Romo G.M.	2013	Knowledge Management and E-Learning	5	1	None	Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	Romo, G.M., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	Learning interventions and new technologies that aim to improve human performance must take cognisance of industry factors inhibiting human performance. The dynamic and fast pace nature of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and the engineering industries do not lend themselves to proper skills planning and management. These industries experience real skills gaps, to some of which they contribute by themselves. This study reports on these performance-inhibiting factors such as the underutilisation of available skills, tolerance for individual preferences, and dynamically, and informally refining a role objective while an employee is occupying a certain role. The important professional skills required by individuals to cope with these real life factors are also explored in the skills gaps management context. Moreover, these industries need a profile they refer to as Special Forces, which denotes a high calibre of worker that possesses well-developed professional skills whilst having advanced technical expertise and sufficient experience. This resource profile is required largely due to the poor management of human resource processes in practice and the current reported lack of adequate skills. Furthermore, this study refers to the recent lack of a working definition for these Special Forces leading to the omitted active development of these profiles in industry today, which appears to become a key human performance inhibiting factor.	Dynamic role re-definition; Modern work analysis; Professional skills; Special forces; Underutilisation of skill	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947074387	Machining performance analysis in end milling: Predicting using ANN and a comparative optimisation study of ANN/BB-BC and ANN/PSO	Ighravwe D.E., Oke S.A.	2015	Engineering Journal	19	5	10.4186/ej.2015.19.5.121	Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria	Ighravwe, D.E., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Oke, S.A., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria	In engineering practice, it is interesting to find top-performing and newly-developed optimisers to solve particular engineering optimisation problems efficiently. However, until new optimisers are extensively used on problems, their potentials may be least known. This paper presents applications of a multi-objective surrogate-based optimisation of end milling machine performance. Back-propagation neural networks are trained in generating objective functions for surface roughness and tool wear. The optimisers are the big-bang big-crunch (BB-BC) and particle swarm optimisation (PSO). The novelty of the paper lies in the application of the newly developed BB-BC in the machining field and the novel combination of the artificial neural network (ANN) with BB-BC. The results obtained from the two case studies presented indicate that the proposed approach is capable of selecting optimal solutions. © 2015, Chulalongkorn University 1. All rights reserved.	Artificial neural network; End milling parameters; Fuzzy programming; Machining; Meta-heuristics; Surface finish; Tool wear	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84957809766	Evaluation of global solar radiation using multiple weather parameters as predictors for South Africa provinces	Adeala A.A., Huan Z., Enweremadu C.C.	2015	Thermal Science	19	None	10.2298/TSCI130714072A	Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of South Africa, Florida, South Africa	Adeala, A.A., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa; Huan, Z., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Enweremadu, C.C., Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of South Africa, Florida, South Africa	Models for estimating monthly average daily global solar radiation were developed for South African provinces. These models, in addition to the traditional sunshine hours used in existing models incorporates ambient temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed as variable parameters for predicting global solar radiation, making it different from most of the existing models that use only sunshine hours as variable. Meteorological data obtained for nine locations in South Africa were employed in the model formulation. The accuracy of the models were verified by comparing estimated values with measured values in terms of the following statistical error tests: mean bias error, mean absolute bias error, mean absolute percentage error, root mean square error, and the regression coefficient.The values of regression coefficient for the formulated models are between the ranges of 90%-99%. It was also observed that for an accurate estimation of global solar radiation in Eastern Cape Province, all weather elements are needed. This implies that the models give an excellent prediction for global solar radiation for their corresponding locations. Also, different errors calculated for the formulated models are close to zero especially mean absolute percentage error. The result shows that the formulated models are good enough to be used to predict monthly average daily radiation for South Africa and also, the inclusion of some other elements in some of the models improved the accuracy of the predictions made by the models.	Modeling; Multiple predictors; Solar radiation; South Africa; Weather parameters	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84919970692	Performance study of the eco-friendly hydrofluoroolefins and dimethyl-ether refrigerants in refrigeration systems	Bolaji B.O.	2014	Sigurnost	56	2	None	Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Federal University of Agriculture, College of Engineering, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria	Bolaji, B.O., Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Federal University of Agriculture, College of Engineering, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria	This paper presents theoretical investigation of the performance of eco-friendly hydrofluoroolefins (R1234yf and R1234ze) and dimethyl-ether (RE170) refrigerants as substitutes for R134a in a standard vapour compression refrigeration system. The results showed that the vapour pressure of R1234yf and RE170 is very close to that of R134a, while the vapour pressure of R1234ze in the temperature range of -30 to 40°C deviated by 25.3% high. Very high refrigerating effect and condenser duty were obtained using RE170, which shows that it will equally excellently perform as a heat pump refrigerant. The condenser duty obtained using R1234yf and R1234ze is slightly lower, by 17.2 and 9.9%, than that of R134a, respectively. RE170 and R1234yf exhibited very close volumetric refrigerating capacity with R134a. The average coefficient of performance (COPref) obtained using RE170 is 6.2% higher than that of R134a, while the COPref obtained for R1234yf and R1234ze is slightly lower, by 6.1 and 0.9%, respectively. Generally, the performance of the three alternative refrigerants is quite similar to that of R134a, but the best overall performance is obtained using RE170. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014.	Alternative refrigerant; Dimethyl-ether; Eco-friendly; Hydrofluoroolefins; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84891552077	Evaluation of MSG on electrolyte balance and histology of gastroesophageal mucosa	Ilegbedion I.G., Onyije F.M., Digba K.A.	2013	Middle East Journal of Scientific Research	18	2	10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2013.18.2.12430	Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, P.M.B. 071 Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria; Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Science,	Ilegbedion, I.G., Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, P.M.B. 071 Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria; Onyije, F.M., Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, P.M.B. 071 Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria; Digba, K.A., Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Igbinedion University, Okada, Edo State, Nigeria	Commercial MSG is produced by fermentation of starch, sugar, beet, sugarcane or molasses. It is one of the main flavor enhancer used as an ingredient in various food products. Its palatable and favorite flavor is a must in almost all Chinese, South-Asian and Nigerian dishes, where it is known by the names of Ajinomoto and white-Maggi.Twenty (20) female adult wistar rats were used for this experiment. The rats with average weight of 181g were randomly assigned into four groups of five each (Groups A, B, C and O). Group A, B and C served as treatments groups while group O as the control. Each rat in the treatment groups A, B and C received 0.1, 0.15 and 0.20 g kg-1 of monosodium glutamate. Results showed that there was elevation ofK+ in groups A and C (6.42 ± 0.40 and 6.07 ± 59) but was not statistically found different from control. While there was a significant elevation of Na+ in group A (0. lg kg-1), Cl' in group C (0.20g kg-1), Ca2+ in group B, TCa in both groups A and B and pH also increased significantly in group C. In the method used there were no notable distortions of the mucosa architecture of the tissues. Research on MSG should go beyond rudimentary to advance molecular since much have been done on the basic, hoping that the molecular advancement will help to establish clearly what MSG can do to human © IDOSI Publications, 2013.	Electrolyte; Gastroesophageal; Histology; MSG	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880274712	Evaluation of serum metallothionein-1, selenium, zinc, and copper in Ghanaian type 2 diabetes mellitus patients	Asare G.A., Osae S., Nortey E.N.N., Yambire F.K., Amedonu E., Doku D., Annan Y.	2013	International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries	33	2	10.1007/s13410-013-0111-9	Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Chemical Pathology Unit, University of Ghana School of Allied Health Sciences (SAHS), Korle Bu, Ghana; Department of Chemistry, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC), Accra, Ghana; Department of Statistics, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O. Box KB 143, Korle-bu, Accra, Ghana	Asare, G.A., Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Chemical Pathology Unit, University of Ghana School of Allied Health Sciences (SAHS), Korle Bu, Ghana, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O. Box KB 143, Korle-bu, Accra, Ghana; Osae, S., Department of Chemistry, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC), Accra, Ghana; Nortey, E.N.N., Department of Statistics, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana; Yambire, F.K., Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Chemical Pathology Unit, University of Ghana School of Allied Health Sciences (SAHS), Korle Bu, Ghana; Amedonu, E., Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Chemical Pathology Unit, University of Ghana School of Allied Health Sciences (SAHS), Korle Bu, Ghana; Doku, D., Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Chemical Pathology Unit, University of Ghana School of Allied Health Sciences (SAHS), Korle Bu, Ghana; Annan, Y., Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Chemical Pathology Unit, University of Ghana School of Allied Health Sciences (SAHS), Korle Bu, Ghana	Metabolic disturbances of trace elements may be implicated in the complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of the study was to determine the level of Zinc (Zn), Selenium (Se), Copper (Cu) and the metal binding protein Metallothionein-1 (MT-1) in T2DM. Fifty-five (55) T2DM subjects and 30 Controls (C) were studied for, Se, Zn, Cu and MT-1. Zn, Se and Cu were analyzed using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Mean FBG in the T2DM and C groups were 183 ± 5 mg/dl and 88 ± 5 mg/dl, respectively. Mean Se, Zn and Cu levels in the T2DM group were 204 ± 91 μg/l, 407 ± 117 μg/l and 1,337 ± 527 μg/l, respectively. The control group had Se, Zn and Cu levels of 123 ± 25 μg/l, 750 ± 190 μg/l and 989 ± 197 μg/l, respectively. While Zn levels in T2DM were half that of the C, Se levels were ≈ 2-fold. Se, Zn and Cu differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P = 0.000; P = 0.000, P = 0.000, respectively). The metabolic derailment of MT-1 in the T2DM group showed a wide variation with the T2DM having significantly lower MT-1 values (P = 0.000). A negative correlation was seen between Cu and Zn in the T2DM group (P = 0.022). A standardized canonical discriminant function was obtained as D = 0.823FBG-0.149MT-0.457Zn + 0.172Cu + 0.362Se with contributions of FBG > Zn > Se > Cu > MT-1. In conclusion, alterations in the levels of Zn, Se and Cu were observed in Ghanaian T2DM patients. © 2013 Research Society for Study of Diabetes in India.	Diabetes; Ghanaian; Oxidative stress; Trace elements	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77955827737	The impact of immunization control activities on measles outbreaks in akwa ibom state, South-South, Nigeria	Bassey Enya B., Moses A.E., Udo S.M., Umo A.N.	2010	Online Journal of Health and Allied Sciences	9	1	None	Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, University of Uyo, Nigeria	Bassey Enya, B., Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, University of Uyo, Nigeria; Moses, A.E., Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, University of Uyo, Nigeria; Udo, S.M., Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, University of Uyo, Nigeria; Umo, A.N., Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, University of Uyo, Nigeria	Background: The increase of vaccination rates means that fewer children will be vulnerable to vaccine preventable diseases such as measles, which will invariably result in a drop in the infant mortality and morbidity rates. Objective: To assess the impact of the implementation of measles reduction strategies from 2006 to 2008 using the quarterly national program for immunization (NPI) in Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria. Method: Following informed consent, individuals presenting with febrile rash illnesses were routinely bled and tested for measles specific IgM using commercially available ELISA kit-MV-ELISA (Enzygnost; Behring Diagnostics, Marburg, Germany) in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Results: A total of four hundred and four individuals comprising of 216 vaccinated and 188 unvaccinated, presenting with febrile rash illness were screened for measles specific IgM antibodies as indication of active infection between January 2006 and December 2008 out of which 122 (30.2%) had detectable levels of measles antibodies. Among the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups, 32 (14.8%) and 90 (47.9%) respectively were detected with measles IgM antibodies. The highest and lowest antibody levels were detected in 2006 (vaccinated: 54.7%; unvaccinated: 78.4%) and 2008 (vaccinated: 1.2%; unvaccinated: 12%) respectively. The distribution of measles burden by year show an overall decline in prevalence from 70% in 2006, 8.9% in 2007 to 3.7% in 2008. While, children under the age of 5 similarly had a decline in measles incidence of 73.3%, 10.7% and 3.3% respectively. Sex distribution of infection within the 3-year period shows that more females (37.4%) than males (21.2%) expressed measles IgM antibodies, and active infection was detected more in the rural (31.4%) than urban area (27.7%). However, findings indicate a tremendous decline in active infection in the rural areas from 67% in 2006 to 0% in 2008, and in the urban areas from 78% in 2006 to 9.3% in 2008 among both vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. A highly significant reduction in measles infection was observed more among males than females (P=0.009). Infection distribution by location did not show any significant difference (P=0.65) even though more individuals in the rural areas were noted with active infection. Conclusion: The study shows a highly significant reduction in measles burden among vaccinated individuals (P=0.0001) and invariably increases protective coverage of measles vaccination most especially among children under 5 years of age (P=0.0066) in the state. Findings justify effort by government and WHO in carrying immunization campaigns in children, 5-years and below irrespective of vaccination status and experience.	Akwa Ibom state; Measles vaccination; Measles-specific IgM	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84951266195	Evaluation performance of diagnostic methods of intestinal parasitosis in school age children in Ethiopia	Yimer M., Hailu T., Mulu W., Abera B.	2015	BMC Research Notes	8	1	10.1186/s13104-015-1822-4	Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia	Yimer, M., Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Hailu, T., Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Mulu, W., Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Abera, B., Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia	Background: Although the sensitivity of Wet mount technique is questionable, it is the major diagnostic technique for routine diagnosis of intestinal parasitosis in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was the evaluation performance of diagnostic methods of intestinal parasitosis in school age children in Ethiopia. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from May to June 2013. Single stool sample was processed for direct, Formol ether concentration (FEC) and Kato Katz methods. The sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) of diagnostic tests were calculated in terms of the "Gold" standard method (the combined result of the three methods altogether). Results: A total of 422 school age children were participated in this study. The prevalence of intestinal parasites was high (74.6 %) with Kato Katz technique. The sensitivity of Wet mount, FEC and Kato Katz tests against the Gold standard test was 48.9, 63.1 and 93.7 %, respectively. Kato Katz technique revealed a better NPV 80.4 (80.1-80.6) as compared to the Wet mount (33.7 %) and FEC techniques (41.3 %). Conclusion: In this study, the Kato Katz technique outperformed the other two methods but the true values for sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic values are not known. Moreover, it is labor intensive and not easily accessible. Hence, it is preferable to use FEC technique to complement the Wet mount test. © 2015 Yimer et al.	Ethiopia; FEC; Kato Katz; NPV; Sensitivity; Wet mount	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84958102539	Monitoring of Extraction Efficiency by a Sample Process Control Virus Added Immediately Upon Sample Receipt	Ruhanya V., Diez-Valcarce M., D’Agostino M., Cook N., Hernández M., Rodríguez-Lázaro D.	2015	Food and Environmental Virology	7	4	10.1007/s12560-015-9214-4	Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe; Food Technology Section, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain; Food and Environment Research Agency (FERA), Sand Hutton, York, United Kingdom; Instituto Tecnológico Agrario de Castilla y León, Valladolid, Spain; Microbiology Section, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bauñuelos s/n, Burgos, Spain	Ruhanya, V., Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe; Diez-Valcarce, M., Food Technology Section, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain; D’Agostino, M., Food and Environment Research Agency (FERA), Sand Hutton, York, United Kingdom; Cook, N., Food and Environment Research Agency (FERA), Sand Hutton, York, United Kingdom; Hernández, M., Instituto Tecnológico Agrario de Castilla y León, Valladolid, Spain; Rodríguez-Lázaro, D., Instituto Tecnológico Agrario de Castilla y León, Valladolid, Spain, Microbiology Section, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bauñuelos s/n, Burgos, Spain	When analysing food samples for enteric viruses, a sample process control virus (SPCV) must be added at the commencement of the analytical procedure, to verify that the analysis has been performed correctly. Samples can on occasion arrive at the laboratory late in the working day or week. The analyst may consequently have insufficient time to commence and complete the complex procedure, and the samples must consequently be stored. To maintain the validity of the analytical result, it will be necessary to consider storage as part of the process, and the analytical procedure as commencing on sample receipt. The aim of this study was to verify that an SPCV can be recovered after sample storage, and thus indicate the effective recovery of enteric viruses. Two types of samples (fresh and frozen raspberries) and two types of storage (refrigerated and frozen) were studied using Mengovirus vMC0 as SPCV. SPCV recovery was not significantly different (P &gt; 0.5) regardless of sample type or duration of storage (up to 14 days at −20 °C). Accordingly, samples can be stored without a significant effect on the performance of the analysis. The results of this study should assist the analyst by demonstrating that they can verify that viruses can be extracted from food samples even if samples have been stored. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York.	Enteric viruses; Molecular detection; Quality control; Real-time PCR; Sample process control; Storage	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960087491	Evaluation of patient care in radio-diagnostic departments in Enugu, Nigeria	Okaro A.O., Ohagwu C.C., Njoku J.	2010	European Journal of Scientific Research	41	2	None	Department of Medical Radiography and Radiological Science, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria; Department of Radiography and Radiological Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nigeri	Okaro, A.O., Department of Medical Radiography and Radiological Science, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria; Ohagwu, C.C., Department of Radiography and Radiological Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nigeria; Njoku, J., Department of Radiobiology, Radiotherapy, Radio-diagnosis and Radiography, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria	The aim of this study was to evaluate patient care in radio-diagnostic departments in three tertiary hospitals in Enugu from the patients' perspective. The study was a crosssectional prospective survey that targeted 300 conscious patients who presented for x-ray examinations during the period of the study. The data collection instrument was a 20-item self-completion questionnaire designed in line with the objectives of the study. The results show that hygiene, instructions and explanations, and lifting of injured patients were perceived to be adequate by the patients. Other aspects of patient care such as length of waiting time, comfort of waiting areas and radiation protection were perceived to be suboptimal. In conclusion, some of the radiographer's core professional duties of hygiene, lifting very ill or injured patients, instructions and explanations to patients were perceived as adequate but the social aspect of patient care was perceived as inadequate. This can be improved upon by various hospital management teams by providing socially acceptable and comfortable waiting areas. © 2010 EuroJournals Publishing, Inc.	Patient care patients radio-diagnostic department	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84255173329	Evaluation of absorbed dose during hysterosalpingography in a nigerian hospital	Okeji M.C., Udoh B.E., Chiaghanam N.O.	2011	European Journal of Scientific Research	67	1	None	Department of Medical Radiography and Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria; Department of Radiography and Radiological Science, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Nnamdi Azikiwe Universit	Okeji, M.C., Department of Medical Radiography and Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria; Udoh, B.E., Department of Radiography and Radiological Science, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria; Chiaghanam, N.O., Department of Radiography, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria	This study is aimed at determining the absorbed dose by patients undergoing hysterosalpingography in a Nigerian hospital. Dosimetric evaluations were carried out by measuring Entrance Surface Dose [ESD] using Thermoluminiscent Dosimeters [TLD] placed on the regions of interest. The radiation dose to ninety one [91] patients [mean age 29] who underwent the HSG was evaluated and presented. The mean ESD for the patients was 5.87±4.56mGy with range of 0.02 to 13.08mGy. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2011.	Hysterosalpingography absorbed dose; Nigeria; Thermoluminiscent dosimeter	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84861792865	Impact of demographic and psychosocial factors on hysterosalpingography pain and discomfort	Ugwu A.C., Imo A.O., Erondu O.F.	2009	African Journal of Primary Health Care and Family Medicine	1	1	10.4102/phcfm.v1i1.40	Department of Medical Radiography and Radiological Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria; Department of Radiology, Ebonyi State University, Teaching Hospital, Nigeria; Department of Physics (Medical Physics), Rivers Sta	Ugwu, A.C., Department of Medical Radiography and Radiological Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria; Imo, A.O., Department of Radiology, Ebonyi State University, Teaching Hospital, Nigeria; Erondu, O.F., Department of Physics (Medical Physics), Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Nigeria	Background: Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is an important diagnostic procedure in the investigation of infertility. It is the radiographic delineation of uterine and tubal cavities and is part of the diagnostic evaluation of conjugal infertility.1 This diagnostic procedure is associated with high levels of anxiety, pain and stress from various causes. This study was designed to investigate the impact of demographic and psychosocial factors on HSG pain and discomfort. Method: One hundred hysterosalpingography referrals were recruited for this study. Verbal detector scales were used to assess pain perception, Likert scales were used to assess the psychosocial variables, while visual analogue scales were used to assess discomfort. Pearson's correlations were conducted. Tests were two-tailed, with p < 0.05 indicating statistical signifi cance. Results: Some of the patients (34%) indicated that the administration of analgesics prior to the procedure reduced the pain and discomfort associated with the procedure. Mean ± standard deviation of pain and discomfort were 2.82 ± 0.77 and 6.36 ± 2.19 respectively. Age correlated signifi cantly with pain perception (r = -0.22, P < 0.05), while pain correlated signifi cantly with perception of discomfort (r = -0.46, P < 0.05). Conclusion: Age signifi cantly correlated with pain. This is a factor that could be harnessed for clinical use. © 2009. The Authors.	Discomfort; Hysterosalpingography; Infertility; Pain; Radiographic delineation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894119562	Fatigue impact, gait and balance performance in chronic stroke survivors	Obembe A.O., Olalemi A.E., Loto B.O.	2014	Physiotherapy Practice and Research	35	1	10.3233/PPR-130029	Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria	Obembe, A.O., Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria; Olalemi, A.E., Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria; Loto, B.O., Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria	Background: Post-stroke fatigue is common in chronic stroke survivors. Improving gait and balance performance are important in stroke rehabilitation. For optimal rehabilitation, it is important to know how these are associated with post-stroke fatigue. This study explored the relationship of functional limitations due to post stroke fatigue with gait and balance performance in stroke survivors undergoing physiotherapy. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 70 stroke survivors (41 males, 29 females) with ages ranging from 42 to 76 years (mean 53.7 ± 11 years). Fatigue was assessed with Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS); gait speed and cadence were assessed with observational gait analysis; balance performance was assessed with Berg Balance Scale (BBS); and fall efficacy was assessed with Fall Efficacy Scale (FES). Results The mean MFIS score, gait speed, cadence, BBS score and FES score were 37.94 ± 11.78, 0.32 ± 0.23 m/s, 58.32 ± 28.35 steps/minute, 45.64 ± 6.62, 36.42 ± 26.21 respectively. Twenty six (37.1%) participants often experienced functional limitations due to fatigue. MFIS scores had no relationship (p > 0.05) with gait (gait speed and cadence) and balance (balance performance and fall efficacy). Conclusion: This study concluded that fatigue, which occurs frequently, is not related to gait and balance performance. Fatigue should be assessed in all stroke survivors during rehabilitation without considering their physical function, such as walking ability and balance. © IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.	balance; Fatigue; gait; physiotherapy; stroke	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84927934926	Health worker perspectives on barriers to delivery of routine tuberculosis diagnostic evaluation services in Uganda: A qualitative study to guide clinic-based interventions	Cattamanchi A., Miller C.R., Tapley A., Haguma P., Ochom E., Ackerman S., Davis J.L., Katamba A., Handley M.A.	2015	BMC Health Services Research	15	1	10.1186/s12913-014-0668-0	Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Avenue, San Francisco, CA, United States; Curry International Tuberculosis Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Center for Vulnerable Populations, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda; Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda	Cattamanchi, A., Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Avenue, San Francisco, CA, United States, Curry International Tuberculosis Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda; Miller, C.R., Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Avenue, San Francisco, CA, United States, Curry International Tuberculosis Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Tapley, A., School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Haguma, P., Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda; Ochom, E., Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda; Ackerman, S., Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Davis, J.L., Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Avenue, San Francisco, CA, United States, Curry International Tuberculosis Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda; Katamba, A., School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda, Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda; Handley, M.A., School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, Center for Vulnerable Populations, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States	Background: Studies of the quality of tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic evaluation of patients in high burden countries have generally shown poor adherence to international or national guidelines. Health worker perspectives on barriers to improving TB diagnostic evaluation are critical for developing clinic-level interventions to improve guideline implementation. Methods: We conducted structured, in-depth interviews with staff at six district-level health centers in Uganda to elicit their perceptions regarding barriers to TB evaluation. Interviews were transcribed, coded with a standardized framework, and analyzed to identify emergent themes. We used thematic analysis to develop a logic model depicting health system and contextual barriers to recommended TB evaluation practices. To identify possible clinic-level interventions to improve TB evaluation, we categorized findings into predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors as described by the PRECEDE model, focusing on potentially modifiable behaviors at the clinic-level. Results: We interviewed 22 health center staff between February 2010 and November 2011. Participants identified key health system barriers hindering TB evaluation, including: stock-outs of drugs/supplies, inadequate space and infrastructure, lack of training, high workload, low staff motivation, and poor coordination of health center services. Contextual barrier challenges to TB evaluation were also reported, including the time and costs borne by patients to seek and complete TB evaluation, poor health literacy, and stigma against patients with TB. These contextual barriers interacted with health system barriers to contribute to sub-standard TB evaluation. Examples of intervention strategies that could address these barriers and are related to PRECEDE model components include: assigned mentors/peer coaching for new staff (targets predisposing factor of low motivation and need for support to conduct job duties); facilitated workshops to implement same day microscopy (targets enabling factor of patient barriers to completing TB evaluation), and recognition/incentives for good TB screening practices (targets low motivation and self-efficacy). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that health system and contextual barriers work together to impede TB diagnosis at health centers and, if not addressed, could hinder TB case detection efforts. Qualitative research that improves understanding of the barriers facing TB providers is critical to developing targeted interventions to improve TB care. © 2015 Cattamanchi et al.; licensee BioMed Central.	Barriers; Diagnosis; PRECEDE; Provider behavior; Qualitative research; Tuberculosis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907560484	The impact of comorbid clinical depression on the health-related quality of life of adults on highly active antiretroviral therapy in Maiduguri, northeastern Nigeria	Wakawa I.A., Said J.M., Abba W.M., Shehu S., Rabbebe I.B., Beida O.	2014	Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine	36	4	10.4103/0253-7176.140731	Department of Mental Health, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Bama Road, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria; Departments of Research and Training, Clinical Services, Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria; Department of Ps	Wakawa, I.A., Department of Mental Health, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Bama Road, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria; Said, J.M., Departments of Research and Training, Clinical Services, Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria; Abba, W.M., Department of Mental Health, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Bama Road, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria; Shehu, S., Department of Psychiatry, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria; Rabbebe, I.B., Clinical Services, Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria; Beida, O., Clinical Services, Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria	Background: Globally, depression compromises the quality of life (QOL) of people suffering from it. We assessed the impact of comorbid depression on the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of adults on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in northeastern Nigeria in this study. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and three adults on HAART were recruited for this study from the ART clinic of the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital in northeastern Nigeria. The depressive disorder module of the Composite international diagnostic interview (CIDI version 3.0) and the WHO quality of life instrument (WHOQOL-BREF) were used for the evaluation of depression and quality of life respectively. Results: The prevalence of depression in this study was 19.8%. The depressed respondents rated their HRQOL poorer than their nondepressed counterparts on the physical, psychological, social relationships and environmental domains as well as the global outcome, as shown by these statistically significant findings (T = 9.739, P = &lt;0.001), (T = 8.972, P = &lt;0.001), (T = 6.533, P = &lt;0.001), (T = 8.913, P = &lt;0.001), and (T = 10.018, P = &lt;0.001), respectively. Female gender, CD4 counts &lt;200/mm 3 and diagnosis of depression were significant predictors poor QOL. Conclusion: Depression has a negative impact on the QOL of the respondents. We therefore recommend incorporation of the routine screening of this important psychiatric comorbidity into the care of this vulnerable group in order to optimize patient care.	Comorbid depression; highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART); northeastern Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78650423903	Evaluation of palm exudate (Palm Wine) as corrosion inhibitor for Al-5%Si/15%Sic composite in caustic Soda solution	Asuke F., Yaro S.A., Oloche O.B.	2010	Journal of Applied Sciences Research	6	11	None	Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Ahmadu BelloUniversity Zaria, Nigeria; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria	Asuke, F., Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Ahmadu BelloUniversity Zaria, Nigeria; Yaro, S.A., Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Ahmadu BelloUniversity Zaria, Nigeria; Oloche, O.B., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria	The corrosion characteristic of Al-5%Si/15%SiC composite in 0.5molar sodium hydroxide solution (caustic soda) using Palm exudate (palm wine) as corrosion inhibitor was investigated employing gravimetric and potential measurements. The research was carried out at a constant time of five (5) hours and varying inhibitor concentrations and temperature in the range of 0.5 - 2.5% v/v and 30 - 70°C respectively. Results obtained revealed that palm wine is a moderate corrosion inhibitor for the composite with optimum concentration of 1.0% v/v, maximum inhibition efficiency of 47.63% was obtained at 30°C at the optimum inhibitor concentration. Thermodynamic parameters such as heat of adsorption, free energy and activation energy were obtained from experimental data. The inhibitor was chemically absorbed unto the surface of the composite. © 2010, INSInet Publication.	Aluminium metal matrix composite; Corrosion inhibition; Palm wine and sodium hydroxide	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955854700	Development and performance evaluation of a salt bath furnace	Alaneme K.K., Olanrewaju S.O., Bodunrin M.O.	2011	International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering	6	1	None	Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Nigeria	Alaneme, K.K., Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Nigeria; Olanrewaju, S.O., Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Nigeria; Bodunrin, M.O., Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Nigeria	This research work is centered on the design of a low cost - efficient salt bath furnace using locally sourced materials for the purpose of carrying out thermochemical treatments of small and minor components for improved properties in service. Working drawings were produced; and mild steel sheet was used for the construction of the furnace casing while other materials for the construction were selected based on functions and properties of the materials, cost considerations and ease of fabrication into component parts. Testing was carried out to evaluate the performance of the furnace. From the results obtained, it was observed that the salt bath furnace has fast heating rate 12.530C/min and a fuel consumption rate of 2.1 litres/hr, which is comparable to rates of conventional brands of diesel fired salt bath and muffle furnaces purchased from abroad. The lower cost of design of the furnace coupled with its good heat retaining capacity, uniform heating rate, long estimated life time, safety and ease of maintenance justifies the usage.	Atomizing nozzle; Design; Muffle furnace; Salt bath furnace; Thermochemical treatment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84925970724	Recycled aluminium cans/eggshell composites: Evaluation of mechanical and wear resistance properties	Agunsoye J.O., Bello S.A., Talabi I.S., Yekinni A.A., Raheem I.A., Oderinde A.D., Idegbekwu T.E.	2015	Tribology in Industry	37	1	None	Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka Yaba Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kwara State, University, Malete, Kwara State, Nigeria; Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engine	Agunsoye, J.O., Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka Yaba Lagos, Nigeria; Bello, S.A., Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kwara State, University, Malete, Kwara State, Nigeria; Talabi, I.S., Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Yekinni, A.A., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lagos State Polytechnic, Surulere Lagos, Nigeria; Raheem, I.A., Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka Yaba Lagos, Nigeria; Oderinde, A.D., Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka Yaba Lagos, Nigeria; Idegbekwu, T.E., Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka Yaba Lagos, Nigeria	Aluminium based metal matrix composites have been produced from recycled aluminium cans and 150μm sized eggshell particles using a stir cast process. The mechanical properties of the control and aluminium can/eggshell composites produced have been investigated. The microstructures of the aluminium can/eggshell composites were examined with the aids of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) after the sample surfaces have been carefully prepared and etched with aqueous solution of 0.5 cm3 nitric acid. Micrographs revealed that there was a homogenous distribution of eggshell particles within the aluminium can matrix. An indication of effective stirring action during the melting process. The wear resistance was also investigated under different applied loads (6 to 14 N) on an abrasive surface emery paper of grade 220. The results revealed an increase in Young’s modulus of elasticity and yield stress from 1,206.45 and 50.23 Mpa respectively of the cast aluminium can with 0% eggshell particle to the maximum of 3,258.87and 73.2 MPa of aluminium can/12% eggshell composites. The hardness values increased from 66.23 to 75.13 VN. There was a gradual increase in wear rate of the tested samples as the applied load increased. However, the wear resistance of the aluminium can/6% eggshell and aluminium can/12% eggshell composites increased significantly. Hence, recycling of aluminium cans and eggshells can be harnessed into development of useful engineering metal matrix composite materials. © 2015 Published by Faculty of Engineering.	Aluminium can; Mechanical properties; Recycling; Rugged; Waste	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84957602813	Evaluation of sodium isobutyl xanthate as a collector in the froth flotation of a carbonatitic copper ore	Langa N.T.N., Adeleke A.A., Mendonidis P., Thubakgale C.K.	2014	International Journal of Industrial Chemistry	5	42433	10.1007/s40090-014-0025-5	Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Langa, N.T.N., Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa; Adeleke, A.A., Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Mendonidis, P., Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa; Thubakgale, C.K., Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa	The dosage of a collector is an important factor that determines the efficiency of a froth flotation process. The representative sample of the carbonatitic Palabora copper ore ground 45 % passing 75 µm was froth-floated with sodium isobutyl xanthate (SIBX) collector at 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 g/t dosages. The concentrates and tails were dried and analysed. The results obtained showed that the highest recovery of 85.18 % with a grade of 12.61 % was obtained at the 80 g/t dosage. It was further observed that the copper grade of the concentrate generally decreased with increasing recovery. The particle size distribution analysis of the tailings showed that the froth flotation was most efficient in the fine particle size range 38–75 µm. © 2014, The Author(s).	Collector; Copper ore; Dosage; Grade; Recovery; Tailings	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873205152	Bayesian evaluation of informative hypotheses in SEM using Mplus: A black bear story	van de Schoot R., Verhoeven M., Hoijtink H.	2013	European Journal of Developmental Psychology	10	1	10.1080/17405629.2012.732719	Department of Methods and Statistics, Utrecht University, PO Box 80.140, NL-3508 TC, Utrecht, Netherlands; Optentia Research Program, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa; Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands	van de Schoot, R., Department of Methods and Statistics, Utrecht University, PO Box 80.140, NL-3508 TC, Utrecht, Netherlands, Optentia Research Program, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa; Verhoeven, M., Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Hoijtink, H., Department of Methods and Statistics, Utrecht University, PO Box 80.140, NL-3508 TC, Utrecht, Netherlands	Half in jest we use a story about a black bear to illustrate that there are some discrepancies between the formal use of the p-value and the way it is often used in practice. We argue that more can be learned from data by evaluating informative hypotheses, than by testing the traditional hypothesis. All criticisms of classical hypothesis testing aside, the best argument for evaluating informative hypotheses is that many researchers want to evaluate their expectations directly, but have been unable to do so because the statistical tools were not yet available. It will be shown that a Bayesian model selection procedure can be used to evaluate informative hypotheses in structural equation models using the software Mplus. In the current paper we introduce the methodology using a real-life example taken from the field of developmental psychology about depressive symptoms in adolescence and provide a step-by-step description so that the procedure becomes more comprehensible for applied researchers. As this paper illustrates, this methodology is ready to be used by any researcher within the social sciences. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	Bayes factor; Depression; Informative hypothesis; Mplus; Order restricted inference; Structural equation modelling	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84958181678	Physico-chemical and sensory evaluation of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica l. Mill and opuntia robusta wendl) cladode flour in different baked products	de Wit M., Bothma C., Hugo A., Sithole T., Absalom C., van den Berg C.	2015	Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development	17	None	None	Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Department of Consumer Science, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa	de Wit, M., Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Bothma, C., Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Hugo, A., Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Sithole, T., Department of Consumer Science, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Absalom, C., Department of Consumer Science, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa; van den Berg, C., Department of Consumer Science, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica and O. robusta) cladode flour was used to prepare and evaluate three types of baked products. Data from the physical and chemical analysis were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The significance of the overall sensory acceptance measured for each sample was tested by means of ANOVA. After the data was calculated, the results were represented as a spider plot, where a specific spoke denotes a specific attribute. Health bread, containing three different types of seeds and whole wheat flour was prepared. Whole wheat flour was replaced with cactus pear flour in percentages of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 17% replacement. The volume decreased and the texture became more solid and firm. The brown colour of the bread darkened when the percentage replacement of the flour increased, although it was still acceptable to the consumer. Crunchy oats biscuits were manufactured with increasing replacement levels (0, 5, 10, 20 and 50%) of wheat flour with cactus cladode flour from three different cultivars, Opuntia ficus-indica (“Skinners Court” and “Morado”) as well as Opuntia robusta (“Monterrey”). Cultivar had a significant (p < 0.001, 0.0001) effect on color, taste and texture, but not on appearance. Increasing inclusion levels of cactus pear flour had a significant (p < 0.0001) effect on all the sensory attributes evaluated. The taste that was most liked by the panel was that of the Morado 10% inclusion level sample. Cladode flours were found to affect quality parameters of texture, color and taste of the biscuits. With the increase in the level of cladode flour in the formulation of a popular South African carrot cake, the sensory scores for the organoleptic characteristics of the cakes decreased. The control samples (0% cactus flour) had maximum overall acceptability, whereas cakes containing 75% and 100% cladode flour were found to be unacceptable to the panellists. From the overall acceptability rating, it was concluded that cladodes flour could be incorporated up to 25% level in the formulation of these cakes. © 2015, Professional Association for Cactus Development. All rights reserved.	Carrot cake; Crunchy oats biscuits; Opuntia cladode flour; Seed bread	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879164702	Global forest research, science education and community service positively impacted by a unique Centre of Excellence in Tree Health Biotechnology	Steenkamp E.T., Wingfield M.J.	2013	Southern Forests	75	2	10.2989/20702620.2013.800757	Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Tree Health Biotechnology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa	Steenkamp, E.T., Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Tree Health Biotechnology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa; Wingfield, M.J., Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Tree Health Biotechnology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa	Despite their importance in ecosystems and biodiversity, very little is known about the health of trees in the native environments of South Africa. The vision and primary goal of the Centre of Excellence in Tree Health Biotechnology (CTHB) is therefore to promote the health of native trees by making use of biotechnology. In this paper, we use the CTHB as an example to explore the positive impacts of the Department of Science and Technology's Centre of Excellence programme on the science system of South Africa and, furthermore, to consider the programme's overall contribution to the strategic priorities set out in the South African Government's Medium Term Strategic Framework that guides the national mandate. We also discuss briefly how the outputs of the CTHB are put into practice in the form of tangible services provided to stakeholders from all sectors ranging from academia, the forestry industry and the general public through to government. Finally, we consider the various factors that have contributed to the success of the CTHB and conclude with a reflection on the far-reaching effects that a relatively small investment by the Department of Science and Technology has had on research and development in South Africa. This is not only in terms of human capacity development, but also overall research excellence. For the CTHB specifically, this initiative also has facilitated a deep appreciation of the factors threatening the health of native trees. Such knowledge provides a crucial foundation towards our understanding of the challenges associated with trees in native woody ecosystems and those propagated commercially, which have emerged and will continue to emerge as a result of trade, transport and tourism, as well as climate change. © 2013 Copyright NISC (Pty) Ltd.	long-term funding; multidisciplinary research; pests and pathogens; postgraduate education; tree health	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873960047	In vitro evaluation of the antibiogramic activities of the seeds of myristica fragrans on food borne pathogens	Omoruyi I.M., Emefo O.T.	2012	Malaysian Journal of Microbiology	8	4	None	Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Benson Idahosa University, P.M.B. 1100, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria; Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health (Toxicology option), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University	Omoruyi, I.M., Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Benson Idahosa University, P.M.B. 1100, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria, Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health (Toxicology option), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 00014, Finland; Emefo, O.T., Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, P.M.B. 1154, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria	Aims: Foodborne diseases have been shown to have direct impact on the health and welfare of a large number of the world population. The in vitro antibiogramic properties of natural spices (Myristica fragrans) on common food borne pathogen became necessary both in improving food safety and development of new drugs. Methodology and Results: Test isolates (Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were collected from the culture collection unit of the department of Microbiology, Benson Idahosa University, Nigeria. Seeds of M. fragrans were extracted by soxhlet extractor using ethanol and water, while the oil was obtained by steam distillation. The extracts and oil were tested against the bacterial isolates using agar well diffusion method at varying concentration (12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/mL). The oil of M. fragrans was found to have the highest antibiogramic activity on the selected isolates, followed by its ethanolic extract with zones of inhibition ranging from 0-24 mm and 0-16 mm respectively. The aqueous extract of M. fragrans was found to be effective against E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. epidermidis only at 100 mg/mL. The MIC was also higher in oil extract of M. fragrans compared to its ethanolic and aqueous extracts. Conclusion, Significance and Impact of study: The oil and aqueous extract of M. fragrans showed antibiogramic properties against the bacterial isolates used at different concentrations. Thus, its oil can be used as an alternative to synthetic food preservative found to harbor toxic effects and could also serve as sources for development of new antibiotics.	Ethanolic extract; Gram negative bacteria; Gram positive bacteria; Minimum inhibitory concentration	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84865562034	Evaluation of antimicrobial properties and nutritional potentials of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf in South-Western Nigeria	Oluduro A.O.	2012	Malaysian Journal of Microbiology	8	2	None	Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Oluduro, A.O., Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Aims: The antimicrobial activities of the leaf extract of Moringa oleifera on certain enteropathogenic and orthopaedics' wounds bacteria and fungi were investigated. Its phytochemical constituents and nutritional potentials were as well assessed. Methodology and results: The antimicrobial activities of the leaf extracts were evaluated using paper disc diffusion method. All the leaf extracts showed little inhibitory effect on the enteropathogens, whereas aqueous and methanolic extracts showed appreciable inhibitory effects on the orthopaedic's wounds bacteria at 30mg/ml. Ethanolic extract did not show any zone of growth inhibition on the wound bacteria. All the fungal organisms except Aspergillus flavus were resistant to both aqueous and methanolic extracts of the leaf, meanwhile Ethanolic extract showed appreciable inhibitory effect on Tricophyton mentagrophyte, Pullarium sp, Aspergilus flavus and Penicillium sp. Minimum inhibitory concentration was 20mg/ml on all the enteropathogens and ranged from 3.75 to 30<g/ml on the orthopaedics' wounds organisms. Phytochemical analysis revealed less than 1 % of alkaloids, tannin, flavonoids and phenol in the leaf and contained appreciable quantity of calcium, magnesium, iron and 45.4 % carbohydrate, 16.2 % protein and 9.68 % fibre. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: The study showed that Moringa oleifera leaves possess inhibitory properties thus can serve as an alternative therapy for wounds and certain fungal infections and also a good source of nutrient supplements.	Antimicrobial activity; Bacteria; Fungi; Moringa leaf	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84929340681	Impact assessment of proximity of local black soap industry on the bacteriological and physicochemical properties of Ebu stream in Ikere-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria	Odeyemi A.T., Oluyege J.O., Fagbohun E.D., Adebayo A. A	2015	Malaysian Journal of Microbiology	11	1	None	Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria	Odeyemi, A.T., Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria; Oluyege, J.O., Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria; Fagbohun, E.D., Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria; Adebayo, A. A, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria	Aims: The level of contamination of Afawo Stream located near Afawo Soap industry in Ikere-Ekiti were investigated by determining the total bacteria and coliform count with antibiotics susceptibility of the isolated bacteria and physico-chemical qualities of the water samples. Methodology and results: The total bacteria and coliform count were determined using pour plate method, the antibiotic susceptibility were carried out using disc diffusion method, while physico-chemical and mineral studies were also carried out using standard methods. The mean total bacteria count of the water samples ranged 40.4 × 104 - 26.5 × 105 CFU/mL and 36.4 × 104 - 23.3 × 105 CFU/mL respectively. Percentage distribution of isolated bacteria include; Escherichia coli (17%), Streptococcus spp. (16%), Bacillus spp. (11%), Nitrobacter spp. (10%), Aeromonas spp. (9%), Arthrobacter spp. (9%), Pseudomonas spp. (5%), Klebsiella spp. (5%), Enterococcus spp. (5%), Micrococcus spp. (4%), Staphylococcus spp. (3%), Vibro spp. (3%), Enterobacter spp. (2%), Salmonella spp. (1%). Enteric microbes have high level of resistance to amoxicillin and augmentin, while nalixidic acid was most effective against the Gram negative isolates. Also the Gram positive isolates showed a high level of resistance to augmentin, cotrimoxazole and cloxacillin while streptomycin and gentamicin was most effective against the Gram positive isolates. Eighty four percent (84%) of the isolates exhibited multiple antibiotic resistance, some of which possess plasmids with very high molecular weight ranging between 10 and 21 kbp. The physico-chemical properties of the water samples revealed the presence of the some mineral element in the water samples; magnesium (15.60 mg/L), potassium (16.20 mg/L), calcium (8.75 mg/L), sodium (11.55 mg/L), zinc (0.34 mg/L), iron (0.76 mg/L), chloride (21.40 mg/L), sulphate (5.60 mg/L), nitrate (0.35 mg/L). Meanwhile, the mean values of soil minerals were; potassium (76.5 - 83.5) mg/kg, calcium (49.8 - 62.7) mg/kg, sodium (63.4 - 71.6) mg/kg, magnesium (65.8 - 72.4) mg/kg, phosphorus (266.5 - 275.3) mg/kg, zinc (8.28 - 12.22) mg/kg, copper (3.60 - 4.68) mg/kg.	Ebu stream; Effluent discharge; Enteric microbes; Local black soap	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84876027786	Toxicological evaluation of five herbal drugs hawked in minna, niger state	Okunji K.E., Galadima M., Jigam A.A.	2012	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	2	12	10.7324/JAPS.2012.21229	Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria; Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria	Okunji, K.E., Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria; Galadima, M., Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria; Jigam, A.A., Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria	The medicinal and cultural acceptance of herbal drugs has been established since ancient time but often without any toxicological assessment. In the present study the toxicological assessment of five herbal medicinal concoctions sold in Minna, Nigeria was carried out in mice. Parameters determined included weight variations, packed cell volume (PCV), total serum protein, glucose and triacylglycerides which were compared to control groups that were administered 20ml/kg body weight of normal saline. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, glycosides and flavonoids in most of the drugs. Safe doses of the drugs in the rodents were determined to range between 150 - 800mg/Kg body weight while LD50 were in the range of 800 - 2500mg/Kg body weight. Serum glucose, total proteins and triglycerides were each significantly (p<0.05) elevated in at least three of the five drug treatments at the end of the five weeks study period. There were however consistent decline in total body weights and packed cell volumes of the experimental animal during the same period. These results constitute early indices to the potential adverse physiological effects of repeated usage of the concoctions analysed.	Adverse effects; Concoctions; Herbal; Toxic	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80052844221	Assessment of the impact of kerosene and diesel on soil nitrogen mineralisation	Orji J.C., Uzoho B., Enwerem J.O., Ezurike W.	2011	African Journal of Agricultural Research	6	11	None	Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B.1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria	Orji, J.C., Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B.1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Uzoho, B., Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B.1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Enwerem, J.O., Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B.1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Ezurike, W., Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B.1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria	Effects of different concentrations (1, 2 and 5% v/w) of diesel and kerosene on N mineralization were studied in a sandy loam soil. Relative to the untreated soil, higher ammonium-N levels were obtained in samples treated with all the concentrations of kerosene and diesel from the second and third weeks of incubation respectively while extents of nitrate-N production differed. Net N-mineralization was 17.211 mg mineral-N/kg soil in untreated soil and -11.753 mg mineral-N/kg soil and -26.562 mg mineral-N/kg soil respectively in soils treated with 5% kerosene and diesel after six weeks incubation. Net nitrification was 29.90 mg NO 3-N/kg soil in untreated soil and -9.35 mg NO 3-N/kg soil and -22. NO 3-N/kg soil respectively in soils treated with 5% kerosene and diesel after six weeks incubation. Overall mineralization rates were highest (13.01 mg N/kg soil per week) in untreated soil. Rates were lower in diesel than in kerosene treated soils. Inhibition of net N mineralisation ranged from of 139.31 to 168.29% and 90.41 to 254.34% after sixth week incubation for kerosene and diesel-treated soils respectively. The toxicity of diesel and kerosene treatment on nitrogen mineralization in the soil is due more to their effects on ammonium-N than on nitrate-N production. © 2011 Academic Journals.	Ammonium; Diesel and kerosene; Mineralisation; Nitrate; Nitrification	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947461137	In Vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Extracts Obtained from Raw and Fermented Wild Macrofungus, Lenzites quercina	Ogidi O.C., Oyetayo V.O., Akinyele B.J.	2015	International Journal of Microbiology	2015	None	10.1155/2015/106308	Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	Ogidi, O.C., Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; Oyetayo, V.O., Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; Akinyele, B.J., Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	In recent time, there is a major concern about antibiotic resistance displayed by some pathogenic microorganisms and this had involved a continuous search for natural antimicrobial products. The phytochemistry as well as antimicrobial activity of extracts obtained from Lenzites quercina was investigated. The extracts and purified fractions were, respectively, tested against indicator organisms using agar well diffusion and disc diffusion methods. The quantity of phytochemicals found in the extracts of L. quercina ranged from 14.4 to 20.7 mg/g for alkaloids, 6.1 to 12.8 mg/g for steroids, 4.5 to 10.6 mg/g for saponins, 2.8 to 17.2 mg/g for terpenoids, and 0.41 to 17.1 mg/g for flavonoids. The gas chromatography mass spectrophotometry (GCMS) analysis of the extract reveals the presence of caprylic acid, stearic acid, tetradecanoic acid, methyl-11-octadecenoate, oleic acid, and 4-methyl-2-propyl-1-pentanol. Extracts of L. quercina and its purified fractions exhibited wider range of inhibition (4 mm to 26 mm) on Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Escherichia coli (ATCC 35218), Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Salmonella typhi, Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus Niger. The antimicrobial effects of L. quercina extracts indicate that this wild macrofungus contains significant amount of pharmacological agents, which could be extracted to curb the menace of antibiotic resistances by pathogenic organisms. © 2015 Olusola Clement Ogidi et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901827189	Evaluation of citric acid production by Penicillium sp. ZE-19 and its improved UV-7 strain	Okerentugba P.O., Anyanwu V.E.	2014	Research Journal of Microbiology	9	4	10.3923/jm.2014.208.215	Department of Microbiology, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B. 5323, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Department of Wcrobiology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria	Okerentugba, P.O., Department of Microbiology, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B. 5323, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Anyanwu, V.E., Department of Wcrobiology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria	The present study was conducted to evaluate citric acid production by a novel Penicillium sp. ZE-19 and its UV treated strain Penicillium sp. UV-7 using sucrose and fructose based media as sources of carbon and energy. Triplicate fermentations were carried out in shake flasks at 200 rpm and 28±2°C for 144 h and samples were analysed at a twelve hourly interval. The findings indicated that both organisms utilized fructose and sucrose for citric acid and biomass productions. However, both strains produced higher citric acid concentration on sucrose medium than on fructose medium; since higher citric acid concentration (CA; 22.5±0.29-23±0.1 g L-1), specific citric acid production rate (qca; 0.036-0.038 g/g.h-1) and citric acid yields (YCA/S; 0.32-0.33 g g-1) were obtained from medium containing sucrose after 144 h of incubation and these values were significantly higher (p&lt;0.05) compared to their values under fructose medium. Interestingly, the concentrations of biomass produced by both strains on fructose and sucrose media were significantly not different (p&gt;0.05). Although, the attempt to improve the Penicillium sp. ZE-19 gave a negative result, the authors suggest further strain optimization strategies. This study therefore, confirms a novel strain which could be used for possible commercial citric acid bioprocess using sucrose based medium. © 2014 Academic Journals Inc.	Citric acid; Kinetic parameters; Penicillium sp; Strain UV-7; Sucrose	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-37049023192	Chemical evaluation of the nutrient composition of some unconventional animal protein sources	Ojewola G.S., Udom S.F.	2005	International Journal of Poultry Science	4	10	10.3923/ijps.2005.745.747	Department of Non-Ruminant Animal Production, College of Animal Science and Animal Health, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, P.M.B. 7267, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria	Ojewola, G.S., Department of Non-Ruminant Animal Production, College of Animal Science and Animal Health, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, P.M.B. 7267, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria; Udom, S.F., Department of Non-Ruminant Animal Production, College of Animal Science and Animal Health, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, P.M.B. 7267, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria	A trial was conducted to assess the nutrient composition of some novel feed ingredients so as to enhance livestock development and human protein intake. Ten (10) unconventional protein sources which include fish, crayfish, frog, shrimps, crabs, squilla, toads and grasshopper were harvested, processed and analyzed for their proximate and mineral (macro) composition using internationally established procedures. The results showed that the samples had percent crude protein that ranged from 28.14 (crab) to 61.38 (local fish meal). Frog, toad, squilla, crayfish, pellonula and crab respectively recorded appreciable percent ether extract (EE) values of 9.14, 8.74, 7.21, 6.32, 6.26 and 6.02. The gross energy (kcal/g) value was highest for squilla (2.97), followed closely by crayfish (2.87), Pellonula (2.85), mudskipper (2.84) while the others were below 2.0kcal /g. The crab gave the highest percent ash content (39.11) while the local fish meal gave the least value (5.96). Local fishmeal had the highest percentage of calcium (2.56%) followed by Pellonula (1.94%) and Mudskipper (1.89%) while the others had values that were lower than 1%. Percent Phosphorus followed a similar trend as calcium with local fishmeal recording the highest value of 1.92%. The results of this study showed that all the samples possess an appreciable quantities of all the dietary elements tested for, which, more or less could make them partial or complete substitutes for the conventional feed sources. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2005.	Live stock industry; Nutrient composition; Unconventional animal protein	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84928014992	The Phathisi dance of Botswana: Decoding the meanings in the traditional performances of a dance	Mojaki P.G.	2014	Journal of the Musical Arts in Africa	11	1	10.2989/18121004.2014.995443	Department of Music and Musicology, Rhodes University, South Africa	Mojaki, P.G., Department of Music and Musicology, Rhodes University, South Africa	This article presents a study of the Bakwena Phathisi dance by a non-Bakwena group, the Diwetse Cultural Troupe. It is based on interviews with members of the troupe and audience members at performances given by the troupe. The study examines how the Diwetse Cultural Troupe engages with and interprets the Phathisi dance before, during and after performance, seeking to understand the performance structure and essential features of the dance such as gender roles, attire, basic sequences as well as the relationship between what is deemed traditional or modern. The article focuses on decoding the embedded meanings in Phathisi performances with the aim of contextualising a Mokwena herdboy's lifestyle (represented by the dancer), his environment and in the Kweneng region. This study also explores how the historical and cultural traits of the dance are recreated, choreographed and presented to the audience. © 2014 NISC (Pty) Ltd.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80155187973	Soil nutrient stock evaluation under different land use types in the smallholder farming systems of Jimma zone, Ethiopia	Aticho A., Elias E.	2011	International Journal of Agricultural Research	6	9	10.3923/ijar.2011.707.713	Department of Natural Resources Management, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, P.O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia; Country Manager of Wageningen University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Aticho, A., Department of Natural Resources Management, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, P.O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia; Elias, E., Country Manager of Wageningen University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	The threats of soil nutrient depletion and food insecurity due to unsustainable farming practices are the problems for most of developing countries including of Ethiopia. This investigation was conducted to determine the status of soil nutrient stock under different land use types in the smallholder farmers and to evaluate the relationship between N, P and K stocks, different soil parameters and land use types. Soil samples were collected from each land use types and tested in laboratory for bulk density, % sand, % silt, % clay, total N, total P and total K. Soil N, P and K stocks for the land use types were calculated through multiplying the concentration of N, P and K with their respective bulk density and sampling depth. Mean comparisons were carried out to soil bulk density, % sand, % silt, % clay, total N, total P and total K. One way ANOVA was used to determine N, P and K stocks significant difference (p = 0.05) under different land use types. Also, 2-tiled Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between soil nutrient stocks, soil parameters and land use types. Accordingly, the mean values of soil physico-chemical properties were varied among land use types but none significant difference (p<0.05) was observed for N, P and K stock. Because, soil nutrient management practices applied to each land use types are not adequate to improve soil nutrient stocks and compensate losses. There was a positive correlation between some soil physico-chemical properties, nutrient stocks and land use types. Therefore, to improve soil nutrient stocks and availability of nutrients for plants in order to achieve food security intensive soil nutrient management practice across land use types are compulsory. © 2011 Academic Journals Inc.	Land use types; N; Nutrient depletion; P and K stock; Soil physico-chemical properties	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84917698943	Towards contestation of perceptions, Distortions and misrepresentations of meanings, Functions and performance contexts in south african indigenous cultural practices	Mugovhani N.G., Mapaya M.G.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	27	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n27p1201	Department of Performing Arts Department of Music, Tshwane University of Technology University of Venda, South Africa	Mugovhani, N.G., Department of Performing Arts Department of Music, Tshwane University of Technology University of Venda, South Africa; Mapaya, M.G., Department of Performing Arts Department of Music, Tshwane University of Technology University of Venda, South Africa	This article aims to contest the distortions and misrepresentations in the earlier writings of western scholars on the indigenous cultural practices of indigenous African language groups. The focus area will be Vhavenda communities around the Vhembe district of the Limpopo province of South Africa. This is the territory which was encroached by the various western missionary societies from as early as 1863. By 1940, most notable missionaries were almost well established in Venda. By the beginning of the 20th century, schools and hospitals also began to mushroom around Venda due to this missionary enterprise. Through interrogation of the various available sources; previous literature, our findings from participatory observations and the openended (sometimes-convergent) interviews and discussions, this article explores a number of the nomenclature and clichés that arose out of this missionary and ethnographic enterprise. The primary objective is to redress the resultant distortions of the information; with the objective of repositioning the distorted facts. © 2014, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All right reserved.	Indigenous african music; Indigenous knowledge systems; Malende; Malombo; Tshigombela; Tshikona; Venda cultural practices	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33750022318	Evaluation of shrimp waste meal as a probable animal protein source for broiler chickens	Okoye F.C., Ojewola G.S., Njoku-Onu K.	2005	International Journal of Poultry Science	4	7	10.3923/ijps.2005.458.461	Department of Non-Ruminant Animal Production, College of Animal Science and Animal Health, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike. P. M. B 7267, Umeahia, Abia State, Nigeria	Okoye, F.C., Department of Non-Ruminant Animal Production, College of Animal Science and Animal Health, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike. P. M. B 7267, Umeahia, Abia State, Nigeria; Ojewola, G.S., Department of Non-Ruminant Animal Production, College of Animal Science and Animal Health, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike. P. M. B 7267, Umeahia, Abia State, Nigeria; Njoku-Onu, K., Department of Non-Ruminant Animal Production, College of Animal Science and Animal Health, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike. P. M. B 7267, Umeahia, Abia State, Nigeria	Sixty unsexed Anak broiler chickens were used to evaluate the effect of dietary inclusion of Shrimp waste meal (swm) in broilers diet. They were randomly allotted to four treatment diets which were both isocaloric and isonitrogenous. The text ingredient was included in the four diets at 0.0%, 10%, 20% and 30% respectively for diets 1, 2, 3 and 4, both at the starter and finisher phases. There were 15 birds per treatment and 5 birds per replicate. The trial lasted 8 weeks. The result showed that the dietary treatments had significant (p<0.05) effects on body weight gain, feed intake and feed-to-gain ration at the starter phase while the feed-to-gain ratio and weight gain were not significant (p>0.05) influenced at the finisher phase. At the starter and finisher phases, average body weight gain ranged from 446.56 to 600.00g/bird and 1096.67 to 1166.67g/bird with corresponding average total feed intake which ranged from 1318.00 to 1462.42g/bird and 2712.00 to 2880.00g/bird. Birds fed diets 1 and 2 had statistically comparable weight gain while those fed diets 3 and 4 were depressed at the starter phase. At the finisher phase all the diets were comparable. The study revealed that swm is a valuable animal protein source for broilers and can be included up to 10% in both starter and finisher broiler diets. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2005.	Animal protein; Broilers diet; Shrimp waste meal	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33645795178	The effect of treated rice milling waste on performance, nutrient retention, carcass and organ characteristics of finisher broilers	Amaefule K.U., Iheukwumere F.C., Lawal A.S., Ezekwonna A.A.	2006	International Journal of Poultry Science	5	1	10.3923/ijps.2006.51.55	Department of Non-Ruminant Animal Production, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, PMB 7267, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria; Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Abia State University, Umuahia Campus, PMB 7010, Umuahia, Abia State,	Amaefule, K.U., Department of Non-Ruminant Animal Production, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, PMB 7267, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria; Iheukwumere, F.C., Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Abia State University, Umuahia Campus, PMB 7010, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria; Lawal, A.S., Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Abia State University, Umuahia Campus, PMB 7010, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria; Ezekwonna, A.A., Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Abia State University, Umuahia Campus, PMB 7010, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria	One hundred and twenty 4-week old broilers were used to evaluate the effect of various treatment methods of rice milling waste (RMW) on growth performance, nutrient retention and organ characteristics of finisher broilers. Rice milling waste was treated with urea (D2), poultry droppings (D/3) and water (D4), while untreated waste (D1) served as control. Urea treated RMW diet significantly (P&lt;0.05) improved body weight, weight gain and dressed weight of broilers. Organ weights, dry matter intake and nitrogen free extract were not significantly (P&gt;0.05) influenced by the dietary treatments. Broilers fed untreated RMW diet recorded significantly higher feed intake than broilers fed other diets. The results showed that rice milling waste, when treated with urea (fertilizer grade) and included in finisher broiler diets, could enhance their performance. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2006.	Broilers; Performance; Poultry droppings; Rice milling waste; Urea	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949255191	Impact of Four Weeks of a Multi-Ingredient Performance Supplement on Muscular Strength, Body Composition, and Anabolic Hormones in Resistance-Trained Young Men	Kreipke V.C., Allman B.R., Kinsey A.W., Moffatt R.J., Hickner R.C., Ormsbee M.J.	2015	Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research	29	12	10.1519/JSC.0000000000000995	Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States; Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States; Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance Lab, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States	Kreipke, V.C., Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States; Allman, B.R., Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States; Kinsey, A.W., Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States; Moffatt, R.J., Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States; Hickner, R.C., Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance Lab, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States; Ormsbee, M.J., Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	Although multi-ingredient performance supplements (MIPS) have increased in popularity because of their array of ergogenic ingredients, their efficacy and safety remain in question. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of supplementation with T+ (SUP; Onnit Labs, Austin, TX, USA), an MIPS containing long jack root, beta-alanine, and branched-chain amino acids, and other proprietary blends, on strength, body composition, and hormones in young resistance-trained men. Subjects were randomized to consume either T+ (SUP; n 14; age, 21 ± 3 years; body fat, 18.3 ± 4.7%) or an isocaloric placebo (PL; n 13; age, 21 ± 3 years; body fat, 21.5 ± 6.2%) for 4 weeks. Both groups underwent a progressive, 4-week high-intensity resistance training protocol. Before and after the training protocol, mood state, body composition, blood hormones (also collected at midpoint), and maximal strength were measured. SUP had significantly greater increases in bench press (SUP, 102 ± 16 kg to 108 ± 16 kg vs. PL, 96 ± 22 kg to 101 ± 22 kg; p < 0.001) and total weight lifted (SUP, 379 ± 59 kg to 413 ± 60 kg vs. PL, 376 ± 70 kg to 400 ± 75 kg; p < 0.001) compared with PL. Additionally, deadlift strength relative to total body mass (calculated as weight lifted/body mass; kg:kg) (2.08 ± 0.18 to 2.23 ± 0.16; p 0.036) and lean mass (2.55 ± 0.19 to 2.72 ± 0.16; p 0.021) increased significantly in SUP but not PL (2.02 ± 0.30 to 2.15 ± 0.36 and 2.56 ± 0.31 to 2.70 ± 0.36, respectively). No other significant differences were detected between groups for the remaining variables. Supplementing with SUP enhanced resistance training adaptations independent of hormonal status, and thus SUP use may warrant inclusion into peri-workout nutrition regimens. This study was registered with clinicaltrials.gov (identifier: NCT01971723). © 2015 National Strength and Conditioning Association.	long jack root; powerlifting; resistance training; testosterone	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84930412536	What else is in your supplement? A review of the effectiveness of the supportive ingredients in multi-ingredient performance supplements to improve strength, power, and recovery	Allman B.R., Kreipke V.C., Ormsbee M.J.	2015	Strength and Conditioning Journal	37	3	10.1519/SSC.0000000000000142	Department of Nutrition, Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States; Discipline of Biokinetics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	Allman, B.R., Department of Nutrition, Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States; Kreipke, V.C., Department of Nutrition, Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States; Ormsbee, M.J., Department of Nutrition, Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, Discipline of Biokinetics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	This review summarizes the empirical research of the effectiveness, safety, and dosages of the lesser-known, but commonly added, supportive ingredients in multi-ingredient performance supplements (MIPS). primary ingredients that are well known and previously reviewed (I.E., caffeine, creatine, beta-alanine) are excluded from this review. the improvements reported are commonly mediated by secondary mechanisms such as improved blood flow, protein balance, metabolism, and antioxidant status. overwhelming evidence exists suggesting that the supportive ingredients in MIPS are safe to use; however, the amount present in most MIPS is likely too small to elicit strength, power, or recovery responses. © 2015 National Strength and Conditioning Association.	betaine; Carnitine; glucuronolactone; nitrates; performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943741633	The evaluation of accuracy of serial rapid HIV test algorithm in the diagnosis of HIV antibodies among pregnant women in south east Nigeria Pregnancy and Childbirth	Mbachu I.I., Udigwe G., Joseph I., John O., Samuel U.O., Joseph U., Ngozi M.C.	2015	BMC Research Notes	8	1	10.1186/s13104-015-1454-8	Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, PMB 5025, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria; Department of Paediatrics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, PMB 5025, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria	Mbachu, I.I., Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, PMB 5025, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria; Udigwe, G., Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, PMB 5025, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria; Joseph, I., Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, PMB 5025, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria; John, O., Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, PMB 5025, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria; Samuel, U.O., Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, PMB 5025, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria; Joseph, U., Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, PMB 5025, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria; Ngozi, M.C., Department of Paediatrics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, PMB 5025, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria	Background: Accurate HIV testing in pregnancy is critical to the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV infection and linkages to other preventive strategies. Aims and objectives: This study determined the sensitivity, specificity negative and positive predictive value of serial rapid testing of HIV among pregnant women in Nnewi, south east Nigeria. Methodology: This was a comparative descriptive study conducted over a 4-month period. Serial rapid testing algorithm was compared with conventional ELISA testing after obtaining informed consents from the pregnant women. All positive and discordant results were confirmed with western blot HIV test. Participants also completed a questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Result: A total of 166 pregnant women participated in this study. The mean age of the participants was 29 ± 4.3 years. The HIV prevalence was highest in the 25-29 years category. This was also the modal age category. Majority of the women were multiparous. The prevalence of HIV infection was 12 %. The sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive value of serial rapid HIV testing was 95, 100, 99.3 and 100 % respectively. Conclusion: The sensitivity of the serial rapid test algorithm was high but still lower than the WHO recommended 99 % and above. The 100 % specificity and positive predictive value makes it a good diagnostic test strategy. There is need for regular review of HIV test kits and policy. © 2015 Mbachu et al.	Accuracy; Pregnant women; Rapid HIV test; Serial algorithm	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78651368161	Empirical determination of the motion resistance of pneumatic bicycle wheels for on and off-road performance	Akande F.B., Ahmad D., Jamarie O.B., Sulaiman S., Fashina A.B.	2010	African Journal of Agricultural Research	5	23	None	Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, DE, Malaysia; Department of Agricultural Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria	Akande, F.B., Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, DE, Malaysia; Ahmad, D., Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, DE, Malaysia; Jamarie, O.B., Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, DE, Malaysia; Sulaiman, S., Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, DE, Malaysia; Fashina, A.B., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria	Four pneumatic bicycle wheels of diameters 405 mm (16'), 510 mm (20'), 610 mm (24') and 660 mm (26') were tested on three different test surfaces (paved surface, grass field and tilled (sandy-clay loam) soil at selected tyre inflation pressures of 276 kPa (40 psi), 337.5 kPa (50 psi) and 414 kPa (60 psi) with varied (added) dynamic loads of 98.1 N (10 kg), 196.2 N (20 kg), 392.4 N (40 kg) and 588.6 N(60 kg) respectively. The motion resistances of these wheels at various dynamic loads and the selected inflation pressures were compared, to identify the wheel with the lowest motion resistance. On all the test surfaces, the 660 mm diameter recorded the lowest motion resistance measured with an average of 16 out of the 36 total number of test outcomes. The 660 mm diameter wheel, if used, has the potential to increase the pull (draft) and can be used in the development of simple, easy to maintain and low-cost agricultural machines with narrow wheels; as traction member for the low-income farmers and the rural dwellers to boost their agricultural productivity. ©2010 Academic Journals.	Dynamic loads; Inflation pressure; Motion resistance; Narrow wheel; Pneumatic bicycle wheel; Test surfaces	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84930003905	Shamba Maisha: Pilot agricultural intervention for food security and HIV health outcomes in Kenya: design, methods, baseline results and process evaluation of a cluster-randomized controlled trial	Cohen C.R., Steinfeld R.L., Weke E., Bukusi E.A., Hatcher A.M., Shiboski S., Rheingans R., Scow K.M., Butler L.M., Otieno P., Dworkin S.L., Weiser S.D.	2015	SpringerPlus	4	1	10.1186/s40064-015-0886-x	Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, United States; Departments of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Departments of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Center of Expertise in Women’s Health & Empowerment, University of California Global Health Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States; Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya; Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Department of Soil Science and Soil Microbial Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States; Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States	Cohen, C.R., Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, United States, Center of Expertise in Women’s Health & Empowerment, University of California Global Health Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States; Steinfeld, R.L., Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, United States; Weke, E., Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya; Bukusi, E.A., Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya; Hatcher, A.M., Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, United States, Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Shiboski, S., Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Rheingans, R., Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Scow, K.M., Department of Soil Science and Soil Microbial Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States; Butler, L.M., Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Otieno, P., Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya; Dworkin, S.L., Departments of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, Center of Expertise in Women’s Health & Empowerment, University of California Global Health Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States; Weiser, S.D., Departments of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, Center of Expertise in Women’s Health & Empowerment, University of California Global Health Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States	Background: Despite advances in treatment of people living with HIV, morbidity and mortality remains unacceptably high in sub-Saharan Africa, largely due to parallel epidemics of poverty and food insecurity. Methods/Design: We conducted a pilot cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a multisectoral agricultural and microfinance intervention (entitled Shamba Maisha) designed to improve food security, household wealth, HIV clinical outcomes and women’s empowerment. The intervention was carried out at two HIV clinics in Kenya, one randomized to the intervention arm and one to the control arm. HIV-infected patients >18 years, on antiretroviral therapy, with moderate/severe food insecurity and/or body mass index (BMI) <18.5, and access to land and surface water were eligible for enrollment. The intervention included: 1) a microfinance loan (~$150) to purchase the farming commodities, 2) a micro-irrigation pump, seeds, and fertilizer, and 3) trainings in sustainable agricultural practices and financial literacy. Enrollment of 140 participants took four months, and the screening-to-enrollment ratio was similar between arms. We followed participants for 12 months and conducted structured questionnaires. We also conducted a process evaluation with participants and stakeholders 3–5 months after study start and at study end. Discussion: Baseline results revealed that participants at the two sites were similar in age, gender and marital status. A greater proportion of participants at the intervention site had a low BMI in comparison to participants at the control site (18% vs. 7%, p = 0.054). While median CD4 count was similar between arms, a greater proportion of participants enrolled at the intervention arm had a detectable HIV viral load compared with control participants (49% vs. 28%, respectively, p < 0.010). Process evaluation findings suggested that Shamba Maisha had high acceptability in recruitment, delivered strong agricultural and financial training, and led to labor saving due to use of the water pump. Implementation challenges included participant concerns about repaying loans, agricultural challenges due to weather patterns, and a challenging partnership with the microfinance institution. We expect the results from this pilot study to provide useful data on the impacts of livelihood interventions and will help in the design of a definitive cluster RCT. Trial registration: This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01548599. © 2015, Cohen et al.; licensee Springer.	Agriculture; Food insecurity; HIV; Intervention; Livelihoods; Microfinance	None	1R34MH094215, NIMH, National Institute of Mental Health
None	None	The impact of diversity and equality management on firm performance: Beyond high performance work systems	Armstrong C., Flood P.C., Guthrie J.P., Liu W., MacCurtain S., Mkamwa T.	2010	Human Resource Management	49	6	10.1002/hrm.20391	Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, University of Limerick, Ireland; Dublin City University, Ireland; University of Kansas, United States; Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing, China; University of Limerick, Ireland; Saint Augustine University of Tanzania, Tanzania	Armstrong, C., Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, University of Limerick, Ireland; Flood, P.C., Dublin City University, Ireland; Guthrie, J.P., University of Kansas, United States; Liu, W., Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing, China; MacCurtain, S., University of Limerick, Ireland; Mkamwa, T., Saint Augustine University of Tanzania, Tanzania	This article demonstrates that a diversity and equality management system (DEMS) contributes to firm performance beyond the effects of a traditional high-performance work system (HPWS), which consists of bundles of work practices and policies used extensively in high-performing firms. A DEMS typically includes diversity training and monitoring recruitment, pay, and promotion across minority or other disadvantaged groups. Our analysis of quantitative data from service and manufacturing organizations in Ireland confirms that HPWS practices are associated with positive business performance and finds specifically that DEMS practices are positively associated with higher labor productivity and workforce innovation and lower voluntary employee turnover. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.	Diversity and equality management; Firm-level performance; High performance work system; Labor productivity; Voluntary turnover; Workforce innovation	None	None
None	None	Malocclusion, psycho-social impacts and treatment need: A cross-sectional study of Tanzanian primary school-children	Mtaya M., Astrom A.N., Brudvik P.	2008	BMC Oral Health	8	1	10.1186/1472-6831-8-14	Department of Odontology-Community Dentistry, UoB, Norway; Centre for International Health, UoB, Norway; Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Department of Odontology- Orthodontics, UoB, Norway, Norway	Mtaya, M., Department of Odontology-Community Dentistry, UoB, Norway, Centre for International Health, UoB, Norway, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Astrom, A.N., Department of Odontology-Community Dentistry, UoB, Norway, Centre for International Health, UoB, Norway; Brudvik, P., Department of Odontology- Orthodontics, UoB, Norway, Norway	Background. studies on the relationship between children's malocclusion and its psycho-social impacts are so far largely unexplored in low-income countries. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of malocclusion, reported dental problems and dissatisfaction with dental appearance among primary school children in Tanzania. The relationship of dissatisfaction with socio-demographic characteristics, clinically defined malocclusion and psychosocial impacts of dental anomalies was investigated. Orthodontic treatment need was estimated using an integrated socio-dental approach. Method. One thousand six hundred and one children (mean age 13 yr) attending primary schools in the districts of Kinondoni and Temeke completed face to face interviews and a full mouth clinical examination. The survey instrument was designed to measure a Kiswahili translated and culturally adapted Child Oral Impact on Daily Performance (Child-OIDP) frequency score, reported dental problems, dissatisfaction with dental appearance/function and socio-demographic characteristics. Results. The prevalence of malocclusion varied from 0.9% (deep bite) to 22.5% (midline shift) with a total of 63.8% having at least one type of anomaly. Moderate proportions of children admitted dental problems; ranging from 7% (space position) to 20% (pain). The odds ratio of having problems with teeth position, spaces, pain and swallowing if having any malocclusion were, respectively 6.7, 3.9, 1.4 and 6.8. A total of 23.3% children were dissatisfied with dental appearance/function. Children dissatisfied with their dental appearance were less likely to be Temeke residents (OR = 0.5) and having parents of higher education (OR = 0.6) and more likely to reporting problem with teeth position (OR = 4.3) and having oral impacts (OR = 2.7). The socio-dental treatment need of 12% was five times lower than the normative need assessment of 63.8%. Conclusion. Compared to the high prevalence of malocclusion, psycho social impacts and dissatisfaction with appearance/function was not frequent among Tanzanian schoolchildren. Subjects with malocclusion reported problems most frequently and malocclusion together with other psycho-social impact scores determined children's satisfaction with teeth appearance- and function. © 2008 Mtaya et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884258752	Visual performance in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration undergoing treatment with intravitreal ranibizumab	Sabour-Pickett S., Loughman J., Nolan J.M., Stack J., Pesudovs K., Meagher K.A., Beatty S.	2013	Journal of Ophthalmology	2013	None	10.1155/2013/268438	Department of Optometry, School of Physics, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland; Institute of Eye Surgery, Institute of Vision Research, Whitfield Clinic, Waterford, Ireland; Macular Pigment Research Group, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland; African Vision Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Department of Optometry and Vision Science, Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, Australia	Sabour-Pickett, S., Department of Optometry, School of Physics, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland, Institute of Eye Surgery, Institute of Vision Research, Whitfield Clinic, Waterford, Ireland, Macular Pigment Research Group, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland; Loughman, J., Department of Optometry, School of Physics, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland, African Vision Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Nolan, J.M., Institute of Eye Surgery, Institute of Vision Research, Whitfield Clinic, Waterford, Ireland, Macular Pigment Research Group, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland; Stack, J., Macular Pigment Research Group, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland; Pesudovs, K., Department of Optometry and Vision Science, Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, Australia; Meagher, K.A., Macular Pigment Research Group, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland; Beatty, S., Institute of Eye Surgery, Institute of Vision Research, Whitfield Clinic, Waterford, Ireland, Macular Pigment Research Group, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland	Purpose. To assess visual function and its response to serial intravitreal ranibizumab (Lucentis, Genentech) in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nv-AMD). Methods. Forty-seven eyes of 47 patients with nv-AMD, and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) logMAR 0.7 or better, undergoing intravitreal injections of ranibizumab, were enrolled into this prospective study. Visual function was assessed using a range of psychophysical tests, while mean foveal thickness (MFT) was determined by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Results. Group mean (±sd) MFT reduced significantly from baseline (233 (±59)) to exit (205 (±40)) (P = 0.001). CDVA exhibited no change between baseline and exit visits (P = 0.48 and P = 0.31, resp.). Measures of visual function that did exhibit statistically significant improvements (P < 0.05 for all) included reading acuity, reading speed, mesopic and photopic contrast sensitivity (CS), mesopic and photopic glare disability (GD), and retinotopic ocular sensitivity (ROS) at all eccentricities. Conclusion. Eyes with nv-AMD undergoing intravitreal ranibizumab injections exhibit improvements in many parameters of visual function. Outcome measures other than CDVA, such as CS, GD, and ROS, should not only be considered in the design of studies investigating nv-AMD, but also in treatment and retreatment strategies for patients with the condition. © 2013 Sarah Sabour-Pickett et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900308543	Using systemic structural activity approach in identifying strategies enhancing human performance in mining production drilling activity	Sanda M.-A., Johansson J., Johansson B., Abrahamsson L.	2014	Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science	15	3	10.1080/1463922X.2012.705916	Department of Organization and Human Resource Management, University of Ghana Business School, PO Box LG 78, Legon, Accra, Ghana; Division of Industrial Work Environment, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 97187, Sweden	Sanda, M.-A., Department of Organization and Human Resource Management, University of Ghana Business School, PO Box LG 78, Legon, Accra, Ghana; Johansson, J., Division of Industrial Work Environment, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 97187, Sweden; Johansson, B., Division of Industrial Work Environment, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 97187, Sweden; Abrahamsson, L., Division of Industrial Work Environment, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 97187, Sweden	This article seeks to identify performance-enhancing strategies that could be used to improve and optimise human-technology collaboration in rock drilling 'activity' in deep mines. Results from the analysis of miners' motor actions during rock drilling activity showed that by using procedurally driven strategies, they were able to perform simultaneously two specific tasks that required high levels of concentration and visual control in the normal visual field available to them from inside the protective cabin of the high-technology equipment they were using. The miners simultaneously combine their mental actions and motor actions in recognising and remedying the constraining effects of unfamiliar stimuli during the rock drilling task. It is concluded that the functional efficiency and effectiveness of rock drilling as well as the miner's productive performance in future automated and digitised deep mines could be enhanced by identifying the procedural characteristics of their performance-enhancing actions and operational strategies. © 2014 Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.	digitised deep mine; performance-enhancing strategy; procedural and declarative knowledge; rock drilling task; systemic structural analysis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-76849086891	Salesforce behavioural performance of accounts relationship managers (ARMS) in Uganda's commercial banks: A qualitative analysis	Ntayi J.M., Munene J.C., Eyaa S.	2010	Journal of Retail and Leisure Property	9	1	10.1057/rlp.2009.19	Department of Organizational Psychology, Makerere University, Uganda; Department of Procurement and Logistics, Makerere University Business School, Uganda	Ntayi, J.M.; Munene, J.C., Department of Organizational Psychology, Makerere University, Uganda; Eyaa, S., Department of Procurement and Logistics, Makerere University Business School, Uganda	The purpose of this article is to examine the salesforce behavioural performance in commercial firms using a phenomenological approach. A sample of 75 accounts relationship managers (ARMS) from 15 commercial banks was selected. Results reveal that background factors provided vicarious reinforcement behaviours while vicarious punishment reinforced social skills that were necessary for selling bank services. Social network ties were particularly necessary in increasing salesforce behavioural performance while poor family background coupled with lack of career planning, limited professional sales presentation impacted negatively on the performance of the sales career. Serendipity, development networks, social dyadic interactions with customers and key stakeholders were found necessary in generating, building and retaining customers. This is because customers lives depend on how they are tied into the larger web of social connections. We therefore recommend banks to hire ARMS based on vicarious learning, family background, social networking skills and development networks if they want to improve performance. © 2010 Macmillan Publishers Ltd.	Development networks; Sales career; Serendipity; Social networking; Vicarious learning	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84855210865	Impact of dog bite in kano city a retrospective study	Adeleke S.I.	2010	Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice	13	1	None	Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria	Adeleke, S.I., Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria	Background: Rabies is an acute encephalomyelitis. It is zoonotic disease occurring in a variety of warm blooded animals including man. Objectives: The study is to review the impact of dog bite and rabies in Kano City. A review of cases seen in Paediatric Unit of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano over a ten year period. (January 1996 December 2005). esults: There were 44 cases of dog bites of which five (11.4%) cases developed rabies. The age range of children with dog bite was 4 to 9years. The most common sites of bite were on the legs (45.5%), gluteal region (36.4%) while the least affected sites were the upper arm (6.8%) and the face (4.5%). There were 28 (63.7%) of the dogs were stray dogs while 12(27.3%) were domestic dogs, only 31.8% of the domestic dogs were vaccinated. All those with rabies died; All the five patients presented with furious rabies. Conclusion: Children with dog bites in which the current certificate of vaccination in the dog can not be produced, should be given antirabies vaccine. There should be public enlightenment talks aimed at informing the public of the need to report all cases of dog bite to health facilities.	Antirabies Vaccine; Dog bites; Paediatric; Rabies	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84872354866	Towards elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: The impact of a rapid results initiative in nyanza province, Kenya	Dillabaugh L.L., Lewis Kulzer J., Owuor K., Ndege V., Oyanga A., Ngugi E., Shade S.B., Bukusi E., Cohen C.R.	2012	AIDS Research and Treatment	2012	None	10.1155/2012/602120	Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Family AIDS Care and Education Services (FACES), Research, Care and Training Program, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Nairobi, Kenya; Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States	Dillabaugh, L.L., Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, Family AIDS Care and Education Services (FACES), Research, Care and Training Program, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya; Lewis Kulzer, J., Family AIDS Care and Education Services (FACES), Research, Care and Training Program, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya; Owuor, K., Family AIDS Care and Education Services (FACES), Research, Care and Training Program, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya; Ndege, V., Family AIDS Care and Education Services (FACES), Research, Care and Training Program, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya; Oyanga, A., Family AIDS Care and Education Services (FACES), Research, Care and Training Program, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya; Ngugi, E., U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Nairobi, Kenya; Shade, S.B., Family AIDS Care and Education Services (FACES), Research, Care and Training Program, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya; Bukusi, E., Family AIDS Care and Education Services (FACES), Research, Care and Training Program, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya, Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Cohen, C.R., Family AIDS Care and Education Services (FACES), Research, Care and Training Program, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya, Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States	Many HIV-positive pregnant women and infants are still not receiving optimal services, preventing the goal of eliminating mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) and improving maternal child health overall. A Rapid Results Initiative (RRI) approach was utilized to address key challenges in delivery of prevention of MTCT (PMTCT) services including highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) uptake for women and infants. The RRI was conducted between April and June 2011 at 119 health facilities in five districts in Nyanza Province, Kenya. Aggregated site-level data were compared at baseline before the RRI (Oct 2010-Jan 2011), during the RRI, and post-RRI (Jul-Sep 2011) using pre-post cohort analysis. HAART uptake amongst all HIV-positive pregnant women increased by 40% (RR 1.4, 95% CI 1.2-1.7) and continued to improve post-RRI (RR 1.6, 95% CI 1.4-1.8). HAART uptake in HIV-positive infants remained stable (RR 1.1, 95% CI 0.9-1.4) during the RRI and improved by 30% (RR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0-1.6) post-RRI. Significant improvement in PMTCT services can be achieved through introduction of an RRI, which appears to lead to sustained benefits for pregnant HIV-infected women and their infants. © 2012 Lisa L. Dillabaugh et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84875411304	Performance of clinical criteria for screening of possible antiretroviral related mitochondrial toxicity in HIV-infected children in Accra	Langs-Barlow A., Renner L., Katz K., Northrup V., Paintsil E.	2013	AIDS Research and Treatment	2013	None	10.1155/2013/249171	Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States; Department of Child Health, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, University of Ghana Medical School, P.O. Box kb77, Accra, Ghana; Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States	Langs-Barlow, A., Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States; Renner, L., Department of Child Health, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, University of Ghana Medical School, P.O. Box kb77, Accra, Ghana; Katz, K., Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, United States; Northrup, V., Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, United States; Paintsil, E., Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States, Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States	Mitochondrial damage is implicated in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) toxicity. HIV infection also causes mitochondrial toxicity (MT). Differentiating between the two is critical for HIV management. Our objective was to test the utility of the Mitochondrial Disease Criteria (MDC) and the Enquête Périnatale Française (EPF) to screen for possible HAART related MT in HIV-infected children in Ghana. The EPF and MDC are compilations of clinical symptoms, or criteria, of MT: a (+) score indicates possible MT. We applied these criteria retrospectively to 403 charts of HIV-infected children. Of those studied, 331/403 received HAART. Comparing HAART exposed and HAART naïve children, the difference in EPF score, but not MDC, approached significance (P=0.1). Young age at HIV diagnosis or at HAART initiation was associated with (+) EPF (P≤0.01). Adherence to HAART trended toward an association with (+) EPF (P=0.09). Exposure to nevirapine, abacavir, or didanosine increased risk of (+) EPF (OR = 3.55 (CI = 1.99-6.33), 4.76 (2.39-9.43), 4.93 (1.29-18.87)). Neither EPF nor MDC identified a significant difference between HAART exposed or naïve children regarding possible MT. However, as indicators of HAART exposure are associated with (+) EPF, it may be a candidate for prospective study of possible HAART related MT in resource-poor settings. © 2013 Allison Langs-Barlow et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84954229716	Retaining and properly developing employees: Could this impact professional conduct?	Kappo-Abidemi C., Iwu C.G., Allen-Ile C.	2015	Corporate Board: Role, Duties and Composition	11	3	None	Department of People Development and Technology, Walter Sisulu University, Potsdam Campus, South Africa; Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa; University of the Western Cape, South Africa	Kappo-Abidemi, C., Department of People Development and Technology, Walter Sisulu University, Potsdam Campus, South Africa; Iwu, C.G., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa; Allen-Ile, C., University of the Western Cape, South Africa	Human resource retention and development (HRRD) relationship with public servants’ professionalism is examined in this study. Variables such as performance appraisal, training and motivation are used to measure HRRD and the effect on professional output of public service employees are examined. Both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection were adopted; four hundred and seventy six (476) useable questionnaires were retrieved from respondents and used in the quantitative analysis, while three different groups consisting of between eight to twelve people were involved in focus group discussions. Inferential statistics was used to analyse the quantitative data, while the qualitative data was organised into themes. Findings indicate among others a lack of motivation among Nigerian public servants in terms of salaries and other incentives that could have enhanced performance output. Likewise, training and developmental strategy embarked on presently is not problem targeted. Therefore, a revamp of the current performance appraisal system is suggested amongst many others. © Virtus interpress 2015.	Employee retention; Nigerian public service; Professional conduct; Training and development	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-49449103021	Racial identity and social interaction: The impact of 'diversity' on the structural dimension of organisational social capital	Tagliapietra G.	2008	International Journal of Management and Decision Making	9	5	10.1504/IJMDM.2008.019786	Department of People Management and Development, Tshwane University of Technology, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Private Bag X680, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa	Tagliapietra, G., Department of People Management and Development, Tshwane University of Technology, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Private Bag X680, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa	This study describes and analyses the impact of racial identity diversity on the structural dimension of social capital within multicultural organisations. Using data collected form multiple respondents of randomly sampled organisations operating in the municipality area of Tshwane (RSA), this study identifies as to what extent historically disadvantaged and advantaged identity groups interact socially within their companies. With the help of a self-administered questionnaire, many insights have been gained confirming some previous assumptions in regard to social identity processes in the workplace. Indeed, the structural dimension of social capital revealed to be highly affected by differences in racial category membership. © 2008, Inderscience Publishers.	Bonding and bridging; Knowledge workers; Organisational social capital; Racial identity; Social interaction; Social psychological theory; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84929667479	NYU dance education study abroad program to Uganda: impact on work experiences of study abroad alumni in New York City	Mabingo A.	2015	Research in Dance Education	16	2	10.1080/14647893.2014.950641	Department of Performing Arts and Film, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda	Mabingo, A., Department of Performing Arts and Film, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda	Abstract: Study abroad programs in dance education have played a key role in equipping students with globally and culturally diverse academic, pedagogic and professional knowledge, aptitudes and experiences. For this study, I interviewed six subjects who participated in New York University dance education study abroad program to Uganda from 2007 to 2010 to interrogate and establish what motivated them to participate in the program, their pre-departure preparations for the program and the observed and embodied cross-cultural learning encounters that they had during the program. The article further reveals the different modalities that these study abroad alumni have used to integrate the skills, knowledge, and competences that they acquired through the program into their work experiences in New York City. © 2014, © 2014 Taylor & Francis.	cultural translation; dance education; experiences; experiential learning; learning; pedagogy; study abroad; Uganda	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84890134988	Evaluation of oil recovery and economics of waterflooding in Nigeria	Muonagor C.M., Anyadiegwu C.I.C.	2013	Petroleum and Coal	55	4	None	Department of Petroleum Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Nigeria	Muonagor, C.M., Department of Petroleum Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Nigeria; Anyadiegwu, C.I.C., Department of Petroleum Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Nigeria	Waterflooding helps in the recovery of great amount of oil that would have otherwise been abandoned in the reservoir that is depleted. A reservoir in the Niger Delta, Reservoir OB-63 has been used to illustrate this. Reservoir OB-63 had oil initially in place as 9.6346 MMSTB and was produced for some time with the reservoir natural energy. The remaining oil in the reservoir as at the time that the natural energy of the reservoir was no more sufficient to produce oil was 3.88MMSTB. The reservoir has been left as depleted reservoir with the remaining oil in it. But from the analysis conducted in this work it is seen that if secondary oil recovery project by waterflooding is embarked on the reservoir, part of the remaining abandoned oil would be recovered. With the specifications given, about 1.59MMSTB of the 3.88MMSTB of oil in reservoir OB-63 would be produced as at the breakthrough time of 760 days. Moreover, considering the economic aspect of the project, reservoir OB-63 and is good to be invested in. From the NPV calculations performed, it is seen that the NPV of reservoir OB-63 at discount rate of 10% is $5.30 million. Since the NPV at the time of breakthrough is greater than zero, it is worth investing in.	Areal sweep; Displacement; Efficiency; Factor, production; Fractional flow; Injection; Secondary oil recovery; Vertical sweep; Water; Waterflooding	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864958013	The effect of particle sizes on the performance of filler: A case study of rice husk and wood flour	Omofuma F.E., Adeniye S.A., Adeleke A.E.	2011	World Applied Sciences Journal	14	9	None	Department of Petroleum Engineering, General Abdulsalmi A. Abubakar, College of Engineering, Igbinedion University Okada, Nigeria; Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Igbinedion University Okada, Nigeria	Omofuma, F.E., Department of Petroleum Engineering, General Abdulsalmi A. Abubakar, College of Engineering, Igbinedion University Okada, Nigeria; Adeniye, S.A., Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Igbinedion University Okada, Nigeria; Adeleke, A.E., Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Igbinedion University Okada, Nigeria	The essence of this research paper is to gauge the effect of particle size and particle size distribution of filler on rubber compounds. It also involves the comparison of the level of reinforcement and gauge the possibility of utilizing the low cost locally sourced filler [(rice husk and wood flour) with a commercial filler calcium carbonate (CaCO 3)] as an alternative material in rubber compounding. Thus, the use of rice husk and wood flour as filler will in no doubt promote self employment among the teaming unemployed youths thereby reducing poverty and creating wealth for the people. Test like moisture content, pH, ash content, hardness resistance, abrasion resistance, compression set and flex fatigue were subsequently carried out on the vulcanizate. These properties were compared with that of CaCO 3 filled vulcanizate. The result reveals that at 212um, rice husk has hardness resistance of 50 (IRHD) and flex resistance 8690rpm and wood flour has better hardness resistance of 57 (IRHD), flex fatigue resistance of 10955rpm (yet to fail) and abrasion resistance of 21.0122%. © IDOSI Publications, 2011.	Compounding; Curing; Filler; Rice husk; Vulcanizate; Wood flour	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867076905	Simulation study of polymer flooding performance: Effect of clay minerals	Falode O.A., Afolabi F.A.	2011	Petroleum and Coal	53	3	None	Department of Petroleum Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Falode, O.A., Department of Petroleum Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Afolabi, F.A., Department of Petroleum Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Polymer flooding is a very important technique of improving oil recovery from sandstone reservoirs in particular, because of its applicability under a wide range of reservoir rock and fluid conditions. However, these reservoir rocks contain clay minerals with high surface activities which affect the propagation of injected polymers. In this study, simulation study was conducted using UTCHEM, a 3-D, multiphase, multi-component chemical flooding simulator to investigate the influence of different types of clays on flooding performance and also to elucidate the mechanisms underlying polymer adsorption unto clay surfaces since clay minerals play a major role in retention of injected fluids thereby reducing the displacement efficiency. The input parameters for the different types of clays were synthetically generated. Flooding performance was evaluated in relation to oil recovery, Water-Oil Ratio(WOR), Oil rate of production, Polymer retention and Cumulative production. In all cases, Kaolinite exhibited the most favorable performance, while montmorillonite exhibited the least. The sensitivity test carried out to elucidate the mechanisms of polymer adsorption show that there is a gradual reduction in polymer adsorption with increase in reservoir brine hardness.	Adsorption; Clay minerals; Polymer flooding; Polymer retention; Simulation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84859015262	Evaluation of produced water discharge in the Niger-Delta	Isehunwa S.O., Onovae S.	2011	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	6	8	None	Department of Petroleum Engineering, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, Ibadan, Nigeria	Isehunwa, S.O., Department of Petroleum Engineering, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Onovae, S., Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, Ibadan, Nigeria	Water produced during petroleum production often contain chemicals, oil and sometimes, naturally occurring radioactive materials which could harm the environment. Management, which involves significant cost and is guided by strict regulations, is normally aimed at minimizing or reducing the toxicity of discharged volumes. This study evaluated the physico-chemical properties and constituents of produced water from three selected flowstations and two oil terminals in the Niger Delta to determine the extent of compliance with standards and global best practices in the treatment and discharge. It was observed that while physico-chemical properties like pH (8.4±0.25) and BOD (6.2±2.0) were within recommended limits, oil and grease content (60±20), TDS (6200±700) and others exceeded limits. Similarly, ion concentrations of Lead, Nickel, Zinc and Sulphates were within acceptable limits while chloride ions (4100 ±500) exceeded limits. There is therefore the need to improve treatment facilities and procedures, while regulatory agencies must improve current guidelines, ensure proper monitoring and enforcing compliance. © 2006-2011 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN).	Chemical analysis; Niger delta; Oil terminals; Petroleum production; Produced water	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79953829535	Evaluation of antimicrobial potentials of methanolic extract of alchornea cordifolia leaf	Adeshina G.O., Kunle O.F., Onaolapo J.A., Ehinmidu J.O., Odama L.E.	2011	European Journal of Scientific Research	49	3	None	Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Department of Medicinal Plant Research, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Idu - Abuja, Nigeria; Department of Biological Sci	Adeshina, G.O., Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Kunle, O.F., Department of Medicinal Plant Research, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Idu - Abuja, Nigeria; Onaolapo, J.A., Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Ehinmidu, J.O., Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Odama, L.E., Department of Biological Sciences, Kogi State University, Anyingba, Nigeria	Alchornea cordifolia (Schum. & Thonn.) Muell. Arg. has been widely used in traditional medicine in West Africa for the treatment of microbial infections. Antimicrobial activity of the methanolic extracts of the leaf of Alchornea cordifolia and its resultant fractions when partitioned with hexane and distilled water, hexane fraction and residual aqueous fraction, was carried out using agar well diffusion and agar dilution methods against standard organisms viz: Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 12600, Escherichia coli ATCC 11775 and Candida albicans ATCC 18804. Using the bioassay-guided fractionation by employing the accelerated gradient chromatography (AGC) technique, seventy-seven fractions were further elucidated from the residual aqueous fraction. The rate at which the residual aqueous fraction was able to kill the organisms was also determined using standard microbiology method. The zones of inhibition showed by the extracts and fractions ranged from 11 mm - 25 mm. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations were between 0.625 mg/ml - 20 mg/ml while the Minimum Bactericidal/Fungicidal Concentrations ranged from 1.25 mg/ml - 20.0 mg/ml. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were totally killed after 2 hours while Escherichia coli and Candida albicans were killed later. Alchornea cordifolia leaf demonstrated important antimicrobial activity which may underlie their beneficial effect on microbial infection. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2011.	Alchornea cordifolia; Antimicrobial; Aqueous fraction; Hexane fraction	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939877670	Novel series of phenylalanine analogs endowed with promising anti-inflammatory activity: Synthesis, pharmacological evaluation, and computational insights	Palkar M.B., Praveen D.M., Ronad P.M., Viswanathswamy A.H.M., Rane R.A., Patel H.M., Shaikh M.S., Hampannavar G.A., Jain K.S., Karpoormath R.	2015	Medicinal Chemistry Research	24	5	10.1007/s00044-014-1272-x	Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, K.L.E. University College of Pharmacy, Vidyanagar, Hubli, Karnataka, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa; Department of Pharmacology, K.L.E. University College of Pharmacy, Vidyanagar, Hubli, Karnataka, India	Palkar, M.B., Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, K.L.E. University College of Pharmacy, Vidyanagar, Hubli, Karnataka, India, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa; Praveen, D.M., Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, K.L.E. University College of Pharmacy, Vidyanagar, Hubli, Karnataka, India; Ronad, P.M., Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, K.L.E. University College of Pharmacy, Vidyanagar, Hubli, Karnataka, India; Viswanathswamy, A.H.M., Department of Pharmacology, K.L.E. University College of Pharmacy, Vidyanagar, Hubli, Karnataka, India; Rane, R.A., Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa; Patel, H.M., Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa; Shaikh, M.S., Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa; Hampannavar, G.A., Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa; Jain, K.S., Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa; Karpoormath, R., Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa	Abstract A novel series of methyl-2-(substituted benzylideneamino)-3-phenyl propionate (2a-j) derivatives have been synthesized. The title compounds (2a-j) were screened for in vivo acute anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities at a dose of 200 mg/kg b.w. Compound 2e exhibited the most promising and significant anti-inflammatory profile while compounds 2b, 2h, 2i, and 2j showed moderate to good inhibitory activity at 2nd and 4th h, respectively. These compounds were also found to have considerable analgesic activity (acetic acid-induced writhing model) and antipyretic activity (yeast-induced pyrexia model). In addition, the tested compounds were also found to possess less degree of ulcerogenic potential as compared to the standard NSAIDs. The synthesized compounds were further evaluated for their inhibitory activity against cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX-1/COX-2), by in vitro colorimetric COX (ovine) inhibitor screening assay method. The results revealed that the compounds 2b, 2e, 2h, 2i, and 2j exhibited selective and effective inhibition against COX-2. In an attempt to understand the ligand-protein interactions in terms of their binding affinity, docking studies were also performed using Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD-2013, 6.0) for the title compounds. It was observed that the binding affinities calculated were in agreement with the experimental IC<inf>50</inf> values. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York.	Analgesic; Anti-inflammatory; Antipyretic; Cyclooxygenase (COX); Docking; Phenylalanine; Schiff base; Ulcerogenic activity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873508667	High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method development and validation indicating assay for ciprofloxacin hydrochloride	Ali S.A., Mmuo C.C., Abdulraheem R.O., Abdulkareem S.S., Alemika E.T., Sani M.A., Ilyas M.	2011	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	1	8	None	Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria; Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria; Department of Chemistry, Federal Polytechnic, Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria; Department of Pharmaceutica	Ali, S.A., Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria; Mmuo, C.C., Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria; Abdulraheem, R.O., Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria; Abdulkareem, S.S., Department of Chemistry, Federal Polytechnic, Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria; Alemika, E.T., Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria; Sani, M.A., Department of Heamatology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria; Ilyas, M., Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	A new simple, rapid, selective, precise and accurate isocratic reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography assay has been developed for the estimation of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride in tablet formulation. The separation was achieved by using C-18 column (LichroCART® 125x4mm, 5μm) coupled with a guard column of silica in mobile phase methanol: buffer (0.025M Orthophosphoric acid with the pH adjusted to 3.0±0.1 with triethylamine) (40:60v/v). The flow rate was 2.0ml/min and the drug was detected using UV detector at the wavelength of 278nm. The retention time was within 1.753 - 1.757 minutes. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines. The proposed method was found to be accurate, repeatability and consistent. It was successfully applied for the analysis of the drug in marketed formulation and could be effectively used for the routine analysis of formulation containing the drug without any alteration in the chromatography conditions.	Ciprofloxacin; HPLC; Liquid chromatography	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84891815468	Formulation and evaluation of niosomes of benzyl penicillin	Onochie I.T.O., Nwakile C.D., Umeyor C.E., Uronnachi E.M., Osonwa U.E., Attama A.A., Esimone C.O.	2013	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	3	12	10.7324/JAPS.2013.31212	Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi	Onochie, I.T.O., Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria; Nwakile, C.D., Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria; Umeyor, C.E., Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria; Uronnachi, E.M., Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria; Osonwa, U.E., Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria; Attama, A.A., Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria; Esimone, C.O., Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria	Benzylpencillin niosomes were formulated using thin film hydration technique. The resultant niosomes were evaluated using surface morphology, particle size and its distribution, encapsulation efficiency, In vitro drug release, in vivo bioavailability and In vitro antimicrobial activity parameters. Both short (3 h) and long term (24 h) stability studies were carried out on the formulations. The lipid-surfactant ratio and the presence of cosurfactant were identified as the key variables that affect performance of the formulations. The niosomes particle sizes were between 1.67μm to 2.22 μm. The encapsulation efficiency was found to be highest in batch A with value of 82.42 %. Batches B and C exhibited slow release, oral stability and good bioavailability in vivo. For In vitro and in vivo studies, batch B containing span 80,Tween 65 and cholesterol was particularly stable and released its drug content in a controlled manner. The Cmax for the batches were higher than that of pure drug which has value of 55.04 mg/ml in vivo. The IZD of the batches were high against the test micro organisms and all the batches exhibited antimicrobial activities greater than the unformulated drug against S. typhi, P. vulgaris and Ps. Aereuginosa. © 2013 I.T.O. Onochie et al.	Benzyl penicillin; Cholesterol; Cosurfactant; Niosomes; Surfactant	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84926982783	Comparative evaluation of the disintegrant properties of rice husk cellulose, corn starch and Avicel® in metronidazole tablet formulation	Uwaezuoke O.J., Bamiro O.A., Ngwuluka N.C., Ajalla O.T., Okinbaloye A.O.	2014	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	4	12	10.7324/JAPS.2014.41219	Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-iwoye, Ogun state, Nigeria; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos,	Uwaezuoke, O.J., Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-iwoye, Ogun state, Nigeria; Bamiro, O.A., Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-iwoye, Ogun state, Nigeria; Ngwuluka, N.C., Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, Nigeria; Ajalla, O.T., Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Okinbaloye, A.O., Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-iwoye, Ogun state, Nigeria	Cellulose is a polysaccharide that has been employed in pharmaceutical applications over the years. However, the quest for waste management and an alternative to imported raw materials for locally manufactured drug products necessitated this study. This study was undertaken to explore the application of cellulose extracted from waste, rice husk as a disintegrant in the formulation of metronidazole tablets for immediate release. Cellulose was extracted from rice husk and characterized. Thereafter, a comparative characterization of the attributes of the tablets formulated was undertaken using Corn Starch, microcrystalline cellulose and rice husk as disintegrants. The granules were characterized for flow properties and tablets were evaluated for crushing strength, friability, disintegration and in vitro drug release. The tablets formulated with rice husk cellulose were found to be bioequivalent to those of corn starch which is a standard in comparative studies of disintegrants. Hence, rice husk cellulose is an alternative excipient to explore as a pharmaceutical excipient for limited resource economies. © 2014 Onyinye Jennifer Uwaezuoke et al.	Immediate release tablets; Metronidazole; Polymer; Polysaccharide; Rice husk cellulose disintegrant	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84875947281	Evaluation of the antimicrobial activities of crude extract of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta and Crateva adansonii leaves and their interactions	Agboke A.A., Attama A.A., Momoh M.A.	2011	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	1	10	None	Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Incorporating Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical	Agboke, A.A., Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Incorporating Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria; Attama, A.A., Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria; Momoh, M.A., Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria	Activities of crude extract of Cryptolepis Sanguinolen and Crateva Adansonii leaves and their interactions were evaluated.Crude methanol extracts of Crateva adansonii and Cryptolepis sanguinolenta leaves were obtained by cold maceration. Antimicrobial activities of the extracts were carried out against six bacteria ie Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhii, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis and two fungi which includes Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans using agar dilution method MICs of methanol extract of Crateva adansonii against the six bacteria are Pseudomonas aeruginosa -12.5 mg/ml, Escherichia coli - 6.25 mg ml, Salmonella typhi - 12.5 mg/ml, Staphylococcus aureus - 2.5 mg/ml, Klebsiella pneumonia - 6.25 mg/ml, Bacillus subtilis - 12.5 mg/ml, fungi Aspergillus niger - 12.5 mg/ml, Candida albicans - 12.5 mg/ml. While the MICs of methanol extract of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta against the six bacteria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa - 12.5 mg/ml, Escherichia coli - 6.25 mg ml, Salmonella typhii - 12.5 mg/ml, Staphylococcus aureus - 12.5 mg/ml, Klebsiella pneumoni - 12.5 mg/ml. Bacillus subtilis - 6.25 mg/ml and for fungi Aspergillus niger - 12.5 mg/ml, Candida albicans - 6.25 mg/ml. Combined activity of the two plant extracts against Escherichia coil, klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans was carried out at the ratios of 1:1, 2:1 and 1:2 of extracts of Crateva adansonii and Cryptolepis sanguinolenta respectively. Combination 1:2 and 2:1 were found to be effective and able to inhibit Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. The result of this work shows that the extracts of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta and Cranteva Adansonii have both antifungal and antibacterial effects and their combination is effective in some bacterial and fungal infection most especially Candida albicans infection.	Antibacteria; Antifungal; Combination interactions; Crateva adansonii; Crude extracts; Cryptolepis sanginolenta	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84906064932	The evaluation of a training programme based on Paulo Freire's views on community practice: A South African example	Nel H.	2014	Social Work (South Africa)	50	2	None	Department of Social Work, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa	Nel, H., Department of Social Work, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa	A training programme in personal leadership, directed at facilitators of community practice, based on the principles and methods of Paulo Freire's approach, was applied and evaluated in an African context. The nature of the training programme was student centred, and implemented in a participatory consciousness-raising and experiential way. The purpose of this article is to report on the evaluation of the programme, which was conducted by means of an exploratory, descriptive and contextual strategy of inquiry pursued within a qualitative paradigm. Practice guidelines derived from the findings indicated the importance of facilitation methods that raise consciousness in the process of transformation.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84881532370	Evaluation of the haematology and biochemistry of Clarias gariepinus as biomakers of environmental pollution in Tiga dam, Nigeria	Abalaka S.E.	2013	Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology	56	3	10.1590/S1516-89132013000300004	Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	Abalaka, S.E., Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	This study aimed to evaluate the haematological and biochemical changes in Clarias gariepinus as biomarkers of environmental pollution in Tiga dam, Nigeria (wild aquatic environment). Water and fishes were sampled twice, a week apart, from the controlled and the wild aquatic environment. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences between the temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen contents of both aquatic environments. Similarly, there were no significant (p>0.05) changes in the haematological parameters of the reared and wild the C. gariepinus except in their white blood cell counts, which were significantly (p<0.05) higher in wild C. gariepinus. The activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase (serum enzymes) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the wild C. gariepinus. However, the concentrations of serum total triglyceride (serum metabolite) were significantly (p<0.05) lower in the wild C. gariepinus. The haematological and biochemical alterations in the wild C. gariepinus, which were strongly indicative of cellular damages, might have been a consequence of the toxic pollution of Tiga dam, Nigeria.	Aquatic environment; Blood values; Catfish; Serum enzymes; Serum metabolites	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84928629549	Gills and skin histopathological evaluation in African sharptooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus exposed to ethanol extract of Adenium obesum stem bark	Abalaka S.E., Fatihu M.Y., Ibrahim N.D.G., Ambali S.F.	2015	Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research	41	1	10.1016/j.ejar.2015.01.005	Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	Abalaka, S.E., Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Fatihu, M.Y., Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Ibrahim, N.D.G., Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Ambali, S.F., Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	Histopathological effects of ethanol extract of Adenium obesum stem bark was investigated in the gills and skin of African sharptooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus over a 96-h exposure period as an endpoint of toxicity. There was a significant (p<0.05) concentration-dependent mortality in some of the exposed fish. The median lethal concentration of the extract was 7.15mgL-1. The extract caused some histopathological lesions in the gills and skin of the exposed fish. However, the severity but not the type of the lesions observed in the gills and skin of the exposed fish was concentration-dependent. Although the degree of tissue change (DTC) grading indicated moderate damage in the gills of the exposed fish, there were no significant (p>0.05) differences between gills DTC of the exposed and unexposed fish. However, lesions in the skin did not affect the normal functioning of the tissue but significant (p<0.05) differences were recorded in the DTC between the skin of the exposed and the unexposed fish. The extract was toxic to the exposed fish and therefore, A. obesum can be used as a potent organic piscicide for effective fish pond management. © 2015 National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries.	Adenium obesum; Clarias gariepinus; Gills; Histopathology; Skin; Toxicity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84906854211	Evaluation of gentamicin-entrapped solid lipid microparticles formulated with a biodegradable homolipid from Capra hircus	Kenechukwu F.C., Umeyor C.E., Momoh M.A., Ogbonna J.D.N., Chime S.A., Nnamani P.O., Attama A.A.	2014	Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	13	8	10.4314/tjpr.v13i8.2	Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, University of	Kenechukwu, F.C., Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; Umeyor, C.E., Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; Momoh, M.A., Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; Ogbonna, J.D.N., Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; Chime, S.A., Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; Nnamani, P.O., Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; Attama, A.A., Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria	Purpose: To formulate solidified reverse micellar solutions (SRMS)-based solid lipid microparticles (SLMs) using homolipid from Capra hircus, and evaluate its suitability for the delivery of gentamicin. Methods: SLMs were formulated by melt-emulsification using SRMS (15 % w/w Phospholipon® 90G in 35 % w/w Capra hircus), PEG 4000 and gentamicin (1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 % w/w), and characterized with respect to size, morphology, encapsulation efficiency (EE) and pH-dependent stability. In vitro release of gentamicin from the SLMs was performed in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) while bioevaluation was carried out using clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Results: Stable and discrete SLMs of size range 1.47 ± 0.02 to 3.55 ± 0.09 μm were obtained. The SLMs showed a biphasic pattern of drug release and exhibited time-dependent and capacity-limited bioactivity. Overall, SLMs containing 2 % w/w SRMS, 3 % w/w gentamicin and PEG 4000 entrapped the highest amount of drug, released 99 % of drug and gave the highest inhibitory zone diameter (IZD) against the organisms within 420 min, while plain gentamicin gave the least. Conclusion: SRMS-based SLMs prepared with homolipid from Capra hircus offers a suitable delivery system for gentamicin. © Pharmacotherapy Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, 300001 Nigeria. All rights reserved.	Capra hircus; Gentamicin; Phospholipon and ® 90 G; Solid lipid microparticles; Solidified reverse micellar solution	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84946839797	Paralympic sprint performance between 1992 and 2012	Grobler L., Ferreira S., Terblanche E.	2015	International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance	10	8	10.1123/ijspp.2014-0560	Dept of Sport Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Grobler, L., Dept of Sport Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Ferreira, S., Dept of Sport Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Terblanche, E., Dept of Sport Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	The Paralympic Games have undergone many changes since their inception in 1960, one being the advances made in runningspecific prostheses (RSPs) for track athletes with lower-limb amputations. Purpose: To investigate the sprinting-performance changes in athletes with lower-limb amputations since 1992 to assess whether the influence of developments in RSP technology is evident. Methods: The results of the Olympic and Paralympic Games ranging between 1992 and 2012 for the 100-m and 200-m were collected, and performance trends, percentage change in performance, and competition density (CD) were calculated. Results: The results indicate that the greatest performance increases were seen in athletes with lower-limb amputations (T42 = 26%, T44 = 14%). These performance improvements were greater than for Olympic athletes (<3%), as well as Paralympic athletes from other selected classes (<10%). The T42 and T44 classes also showed the lowest CD values. Discussion: These results suggest that although there is an overall trend for improved Paralympic sprint performances, RSP technology has played a noteworthy role in the progression of performances of athletes with amputations. It is also hypothesized that the difference in the performance improvements between the T42 and T44 classes is due to the level of disability and therefore the extent to which technology is required to enable locomotion. Conclusion: It is evident that RSP technology has played a significant role in the progression of performances in athletes with lower-limb amputations. © 2015 Human Kinetics, Inc.	Amputees; Performance trends; Running-specific prosthesis; Sprinting; Technology	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84886233041	Evaluation of starch from new sweet potato genotypes for use as a pharmaceutical diluent, binder or disintegrant	Bayor M.T., Tuffour E., Lambon P.S.	2013	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	3	None	10.7324/JAPS.2013.38.S4	Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana	Bayor, M.T., Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana; Tuffour, E., Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana; Lambon, P.S., Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana	Starches from four new sweet potato genotypes were evaluate for use as tablet diluents, binders and disintegrants; using a commercially available maize starch as reference. The pre-formulation studies established low pH (5.1-5.9) and moisture content (10.0-13.1%), but high bulk density (0.50-0.58), tapped density (0.75-0.82) and true density (1.15-1.18) for the sweet potato starches. Hardness and friability of tablets formulated with sweet potato starches as binder were significantly better (p = 0.001) than similar compacts containing maize starch. The sweet potato starches also caused significantly faster tablet disintegration and release of paracetamol (p = 0.005). The results established the sweet potato starches as stronger pharmaceutical diluents, binders and disintegrants, compared to the commercially available maize starch. © 2013 Manoharan Sharanya et al.	Binder; Diluent; Disintegrant; Excipient; Genotype; Starch; Sweet potato	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-44149086909	Assessment of sewage application in southeastern Nigeria Part 1: Impact on selected soil morphological and physical properties	Asadu C.L.A., Ucheonye-Oliobi C., Agada C.	2008	Outlook on Agriculture	37	1	None	Department of Soil Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria	Asadu, C.L.A., Department of Soil Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria; Ucheonye-Oliobi, C., Department of Soil Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria; Agada, C., Department of Soil Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria	This work investigated the impact of long-term application of sewage sludge/effluent on morphological and physical properties of a sandy Ultisol (Arenic Kandiustult) in Nsukka, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected from the surface (0-20 cm) of a sewage-amended soil and from unamended control fields, after which two representative profile pits were also sited on the sewage-amended plot and two on the control fields. Soil samples were collected at specific intervals from these pits. Morphologically, both soils were deep and well drained, with no concretions or mottles. The colour variation ranged from dark reddish to brownish black for the first layer of the profile pits in the area amended with sewage sludge, to reddish brown and red in others. In unamended soils, the colour ranged from dark reddish brown in the top layer to reddish brown and red in others. Texture was generally sandy loam over sandy clay loam in amended soil, and sandy clay loam in unamended soil. The structure was generally weakly granular in the top layer, but moderately subangular in other subsurface layers. The entire area is on a gentle slope of <5%. Soil organic matter, bulk density, total porosity and aggregate stability were enhanced significantly (p <0.05) in the sewage-amended soil compared with the non-sewage-amended soil. Changes in the saturated hydraulic conductivity, field capacity and micro- and macro-porosities were not significant. The results indicate that application of sewage sludge and effluent has little impact on the morphology of these soils. However, it had a positive impact on the physical properties of the soils. But it should be used with caution because of its known negative effects on heavy metal accumulation in soils when used at high rates and for long periods.	Aggregate stability; Bulk density; Organic matter; Sewage; Soil morphology; Total porosity; Ultisol	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84959344999	Evaluation of controlled porosity osmotic pump tablets: A review	Sahoo C.K., Rao S.R.M., Sudhakar M.	2015	Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology	8	12	10.5958/0974-360X.2015.00312.1	Department of Pharmaceutics, Osmania University College of Technology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India; Mekelle Institute of Technology, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Department of Pharmaceutics, Malla Reddy College of Pharmacy, Maisammaguda, Secunderabad, Telangana, India	Sahoo, C.K., Department of Pharmaceutics, Osmania University College of Technology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India; Rao, S.R.M., Mekelle Institute of Technology, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Sudhakar, M., Department of Pharmaceutics, Malla Reddy College of Pharmacy, Maisammaguda, Secunderabad, Telangana, India	The objective of present review was to determine the various evaluation tests for controlled porosity osmotic pump tablets. Controlled porosity osmotic pump (CPOP) tablet contains drug, osmogens, excipients in core and a coating of semi permeable membrane with water soluble additives. In CPOP water soluble additives dissolve after coming in contact with water, resulting in an in situ formation of micro porous membrane. CPOP tablets were evaluated for compatibility study, precompression parameters and post compression parameters. The present study gives an idea about various evaluation tests for CPOP tablets. © RJPT All right reserved.	Compatibility study; CPOP; Osmogens; Post compression parameters; Precompression parameters	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84962079229	The comparison of in vitro release methods for the evaluation of oxytocin release from pluronic® F127 parenteral formulations	Chaibva F.A., Walker R.B.	2007	Dissolution Technologies	14	4	10.14227/DT140407P15	Department of Pharmaceutics, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa	Chaibva, F.A., Department of Pharmaceutics, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa; Walker, R.B., Department of Pharmaceutics, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa	The objective of these studies was to develop a discriminatory in vitro release test for assessing formulation factors that may affect oxytocin (OT) release during formulation development studies of a Pluronic® F127 OT in situ gel-forming parenteral dosage form. An appropriate release assessment method should be able to discriminate between the performance of different formulation compositions (1, 2), and this was the primary criterion used for selection of an appropriate test procedure during the test method development process. ANOVA and the difference (f1) and similarity (f2) factors were used to evaluate the discriminatory behavior of different test methods that were investigated in these studies. The in vitro release tests that were investigated included the use of USP Apparatus 1, 2, and 3; a dialysis bag in USP Apparatus 2; and a membrane-less diffusion method. It was concluded that the use of USP Apparatus 3 was best able to discriminate between OT release for the different formulations tested. USP Apparatus 3 was thus considered the most suitable in vitro release test apparatus for studying formulation factors affecting OT release during the development of a parenteral dosage form prepared using Pluronic® F127. © 2007, Dissolution Technologies Inc. All rights reserved.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894241877	Formulation of novel artesunate-loaded solid lipid microparticles (SLMs) based on dika wax matrices: In vitro and in vivo evaluation	Chinaeke E.E., Chime S.A., Kenechukwu F.C., Müller-Goymann C.C., Attama A.A., Okore V.C.	2014	Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology	24	1	None	Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie, Technische Universität Ca	Chinaeke, E.E., Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; Chime, S.A., Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; Kenechukwu, F.C., Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; Müller-Goymann, C.C., Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie, Technische Universität Carolo-Wilhelmina zu Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstrasse 1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; Attama, A.A., Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; Okore, V.C., Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria	The aims of the work were to formulate artesunate-loaded solid lipid microparticles (SLMs) based on dika wax matrices and to study the in vitro and in vivo properties. Lipid matrices consisting of mixtures of Phospholipon 90G (P90G) and dika wax were formulated and characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXD) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). The SLMs were prepared by melt-homogenization. Time-dependent particle size analysis, pH studies, encapsulation efficiency (EE%), in vitro drug release and anti-malarial properties were studied. Results show that SAXD diffractograms showed strong reflection at 2θ = 2.48°, d = 356 Å. Particle size of SLMs increased with time (from 1 to 90 days). The SLMs exhibited maximum EE% of 80.6% and had good sustained release properties. In vivo studies showed that the SLMs had significant (p < 0.05) reduction in parasitaemia level compared with reference tablet. Artesunate-loaded SLMs could be used orally for the treatment of malaria.	Anti-malaria; Artesunate; Characterisation; P90G-modified dika wax; SLMs	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-49349115117	Evaluation of sawah rice management system in an inland valley in southeastern Nigeria. I: Soil chemical properties and rice yield	Nwite J.C., Igwe C.A., Wakatsuki T.	2008	Paddy and Water Environment	6	3	10.1007/s10333-008-0123-0	Department of Soil Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nara 631-8505, Japan	Nwite, J.C., Department of Soil Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Igwe, C.A., Department of Soil Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Wakatsuki, T., Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nara 631-8505, Japan	Failures in agricultural development in parts of West Africa may have been caused by the inability of the farmers to develop the abundant inland valleys for cultivation of such crops like rice, using appropriate water management systems. An inland valley in southeastern Nigeria was used to evaluate the influence of sawah and non-sawah water management using inorganic and organic soil amendments on the soil chemical properties and rice grain yield. Soil chemical properties tested were soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, pH, exchangeable K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+. Others were CEC, percent base saturation and exchangeable acidity while the grain yield of rice was also measured. The soils are loose, low in pH and poor in plant nutrient elements. In spite of that, the sawah-managed system was able to improve the pH of the soil by raising it slightly both in the first and second year of planting. Generally, essential plant nutrients such as exchangeable K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+, including fertility index like the CEC, were improved within sawah management within the period. Also, rice grain yield increased significantly (5.62 and 6.25 tons/ha in the first year and 5.32 and 6.53 tons/ha in the second year for non-sawah and sawah, respectively) with sawah system such that about 11 and 23% yield increases were obtained in sawah over the non-sawah in the two years, respectively. Although organic carbon can be used to explain the variation in total grain yield in the first year, it was the CEC that explained the total grain yield in the second year. The study revealed the superiority of sawah over non-sawah in the production of lowland rice in an inland valley in southeastern Nigeria. © 2008 Springer-Verlag.	Chemical properties; Plant nutrient; Rice grain; Rice yield; Sawah; Southeasthern Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84887387050	Evaluation of the hepatoprotective effect of the methanol extract of the root of Uvaria afzelii (Annonaceae)	Ofeimun J.O., Eze G.I., Okirika O.M., Uanseoje S.O.	2013	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	3	10	10.7324/JAPS.2013.31022	Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Nigeria; Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Benin, Nigeria; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Enviromental and Life Scienc	Ofeimun, J.O., Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Nigeria; Eze, G.I., Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Benin, Nigeria; Okirika, O.M., Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Nigeria; Uanseoje, S.O., Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Enviromental and Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria	The claimed hepatoprotective effect of the root of Uvaria afzelii Sc. Elliot (Annonaceae) was investigated using the Carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats as a template. The methanolic extract of U. afzelii co-comittantly administered with carbon tetrachloride at doses of 125, 250 and 500mg/kg was found to significantly (p<0.05) reduce the levels of alanine aminotransfarase (AST), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total and un-conjugated bilirubin, while levels of total protein and albumin were significantly increased in a non dose-dependent pattern, compared to animals treated with carbon tetrachloride alone, where the activity of ALT, AST, ALT, total and un-conjugated bilirubin increased and that of total protein and serum albumin decreased. Histopathological examinations supported the biochemical results. This study conclusively provides scientific validation for the use of extract of the root of U. afzelii in ethnomedicine to manage jaundice and liver injury. © 2013 OFEIMUN Josephine Omose et al.	Annonaceae; Carbontetrachloride; Hepatoprotective; Uvaria afzelii	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-57749091332	Evaluation of the effects of malaria infection on serum lipid profile of patients attending two district hospitais in Enugu, Nigeria	Nwobodo N., Okonkwo P.O., Nwobodo E., Igwe S.A.	2008	Oriental Journal of Chemistry	24	2	None	Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria; Department of Phys	Nwobodo, N., Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria; Okonkwo, P.O., Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria; Nwobodo, E., Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria; Igwe, S.A., Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria	A longstanding myth exists among the Igbos in the South-East of Nigeria, which associates malaria symptoms with intake of fatty meals. The rapidly growing malaria parasite requires large amounts of lipids for increase in surface area and volume of its internal membranes. We hypothesized that certain serum lipid fractions may favour the onset and/ or severity of malaria infection. Patients with clinically characterized frank malaria (n=30) attending two district hospitals were selected for this study. A corresponding number without any clinical or laboratory evidence of malaria infection was used as control. Serum lipid profile was determined in both malaria patients and control using standardized laboratory procedures. Presence of malaria parasite was confirmed by the thick blood film. Result showed a statistically significant difference between malaria patients and control in the HDL fraction only (P<0.05). This contrasted sharply with findings for the other serum lipid fractions. The HDL fraction may be implicated in the pathogenesis of malaria infection. Consequently, dietary habits may be playing a role in malaria onset and/or severity. We conclude that serum lipid lowering agents may be considered as part of the management protocol for treatment of malaria infection in the disease endemic zones.	Lipid lowering agents; Lipid metabolism; Lipid profile; Lipid transport; Malaria infection	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-47249094046	Evaluation of the ratios T-C/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C as useful summary estimates of coronary heart disease risk in Enugu, Nigeria	Nwobodo N., Anyaehie U.B., Nwobodo E.D., Igwe S.A.	2008	Oriental Journal of Chemistry	24	1	None	Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu campus, Enugu, Nigeria; Department of Physiolog	Nwobodo, N., Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria; Anyaehie, U.B., Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu campus, Enugu, Nigeria; Nwobodo, E.D., Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria; Igwe, S.A., Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria	Summary estimates result in convenient expressions relating cholesterols to coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Recent data from a population based cohort study noted that a summary estimate is the most powerful predictor of future CHD. In a randomized population based study, summary estimates involving the ratio T-C to HDL-C and LDL-C to HDL-C in healthy volunteers were examined alone or in the presence of joint information on individual levels of cholesterols. Standardized logistic regression model was applied in data analysis. Results revealed that the regression co-efficients for HDL-C, the ratios T-C/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C were statistically significant (P<0.05); whereas the reverse is the case for T-C and LDL-C (P>0.05). Thus, summary estimates are strong predictors of CHD and very necessary in prompt identification of subjects at high risk of developing CHD who may benefit from lipid lowering drug therapy.	Coronary heart disease; High and Low density lipoprotein cholesterols; Summary estimate; Total cholesterol	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908452073	Wound-healing activity of the aqueous leaf extract and fractions of ficus exasperata(Moraceae) and its safety evaluation on albino rats	Umeh V., Ilodigwe E., Ajaghaku D., Erhirhie E., Moke G., Akah P.	2014	Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine	4	4	10.4103/2225-4110.139105	Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, United States; Department of Ph	Umeh, V., Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria; Ilodigwe, E., Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria; Ajaghaku, D., Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria; Erhirhie, E., Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, United States; Moke, G., Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, United States; Akah, P., Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Ficus exasperata have been reported to have wide applications in the treatment of many human diseases. However, its traditional use in the treatment of wounds has not been validated by any scientific study. Also, its safety in the management of chronic disease conditions requires attention. We evaluated the wound-healing activity of the aqueous extract and fractions of F. exasperata, as well as its safety after subchronic oral administration. Similar percentage of wound contraction was observed with 5% w/w extract ointment application and administration of cicatrin powder (standard) on the 4 th day, while better contraction than the standard was recorded with higher concentrations of the extract ointment. Of all the fractions tested, significant (P &lt; 0.05) contraction was only noticed in chloroform fraction, though lower than that of the aqueous extract. The extract also showed concentration-dependent inhibition of all the tested microbial isolates. Extract administered up to 5000 mg/kg (single dose administration) did not cause any mortality after 24 h. Mortality was, however, recorded at 4000 mg/kg within the first 20 days of subchronic administration of the extract. Significant (P &lt; 0.05) increases in alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), and in particular, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were observed at different doses and time periods. Pathological and histological changes were noticed in the liver and kidney on the 91 st day of the study with 4000 mg/kg of the extract. Except for the significant (P &lt; 0.05) reduction in WBC on the 91 st day, no other significant (P &lt; 0.05) changes were observed in other hematological parameters. The aqueous extract demonstrated better wound-healing activity than its fractions; however, the extract may not be safe at higher doses for subchronic oral administration, as may be the case in the management of chronic disease conditions.	Chronic diseases; Ficus exasperata; Hematological parameters; Liver enzymes; Toxicity; Wound healing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84876042318	Evaluation of biochemical indices following administration of artemether, halofantrine and a combination of artemether and lumefantrine in guinea pigs	Aprioku J.S., Obianime A.W.	2012	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	2	10	10.7324/JAPS.2012.21011	Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Aprioku, J.S., Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Obianime, A.W., Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Combination of artemether and lumefantrine (artemether-lumefantrine) is an orally effective artemisinin-based combination therapy, used widely in the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum infections. The present study investigates the comparative effects of artemether, halofantrine and artemether-lumefantrine on biochemical indices in the male guinea pig. Half, normal and double therapeutic doses of the drugs were given to different groups of animals (n=5) by oral gavage. After the drug treatments, serum levels of biochemical parameters were measured using standard methods. Artemether significantly (p<0.05) reduced uric acid (UA) level (10.44%), but produced no significant effects on the other parameters measured. Halofantrine and artemether-lumefantrine significantly increased acid phosphatase- ACPT (56.13 and 26.45%) and prostatic acid phosphatase-ACPP (100.00 and 78.95%) respectively, while alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was not affected. In addition, halofantrine and artemether-lumefantrine significantly and dose-dependently decreased UA, while urea and creatinine levels were increased. UA was decreased by 12.15 and 17.92%; urea was increased by 84.42 and 53.25%; and creatinine was increased by 42.15 and 30.25%, respectively. Furthermore, both drugs had no significant effects on serum levels of total protein and cholesterol. The results show that halofantrine and artemether-lumefantrine may cause toxicity to renal and reproductive functions in the male guinea pig, halofantrine likely to cause more of these effects.	ACTs; Artemether-lumefantrine; Biochemical; Halofantrine; Lumefantrine	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77955594922	Neuropharmacological evaluation of aridanin, a glycoside isolated from tetrapleura tetraptera fruit in mice	Aderibigbe A.O., Iwalewa E.O., Adesina S.K., Ukponmwan O.E., Adebanjo A.O.	2007	Discovery and Innovation	19	3	None	Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Drug Research and Production Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi A	Aderibigbe, A.O., Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Iwalewa, E.O., Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Adesina, S.K., Drug Research and Production Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Ukponmwan, O.E., Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Adebanjo, A.O., Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	The neuropharmacological effects of Aridanin - an N-acetylated glycoside isolated from Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit was examined for locomotory, exploratory, stereotyped behaviours and hexobarbitone-induced sleeping time (HIST) in mice. Aridanin (15- and 30 mg/kg i.p) produced a dose-dependent inhibition of novelty-induced rearing, grooming, body scratching and exploratory behaviour. It also potentiated the hexobarbitone-induced sleeping time (HIST), but did not change the stereotyped behaviour induced by apomorphine. These effects of aridanin suggest that it has a strong central depressant action which may be sedative in nature but lack psychopharmacological activities.	Aridanin; Central activities; Sedation; Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84962547587	Toxicological evaluation of the aqueous stem bark extract of Bridelia ferruginea (Euphorbiaceae) in rodents	Awodele O., Amagon K.I., Agbo J., Prasad M.N.V.	2015	Interdisciplinary Toxicology	8	2	10.1515/intox-2015-0014	Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Surulere, Lagos State, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, Nigeria; Department of Plant Sciences, Un	Awodele, O., Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Surulere, Lagos State, Nigeria; Amagon, K.I., Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Surulere, Lagos State, Nigeria, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, Nigeria; Agbo, J., Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Surulere, Lagos State, Nigeria; Prasad, M.N.V., Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India	Bridelia ferruginea is a woody shrub that grows in the Savannah or rain forests of Africa and has traditionally been used to treat diabetes, arthritis and boils. Despite all these uses, extensive toxicological evaluation has not been carried out. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the sub-chronic toxicological effects of the stem bark aqueous extract of Bridelia ferruginea in rats. The lethal dose (LD50) was determined using probit analysis and graded doses of the extract (250-4 000 mg/kg) were administered to the animals via oral and intraperitoneal routes and observed for mortality, behavioral changes and signs of toxicity. Sub-chronic toxicity study was carried out at doses of 1 000, 2 000 and 4 000 mg/kg administered daily for 60 days. The animals were sacrificed after 60 days. Blood was collected for biochemical (renal and hepatic), hematological, oxidative stress, sperm and histopathological examinations, using standard methods. LD50 of the extract was estimated as &gt;4 000 mg/kg orally; neither significant visible signs of toxicity nor mortality were observed. There were no significant differences in the animals and organ weights, hematological and biochemical parameters in the treated groups compared to the control group. However, a significant increase (p&lt;0.05) in the level of lipid peroxidation and a significant (p&lt;0.05) decrease in sperm count were observed in the treated animals compared with the control group. The stem-bark aqueous extract of Bridelia ferruginea was found to be relatively safe, though it has the potential to cause lipid peroxidation and damage sperm quality and should thus be used with caution. © 2015 Interdisciplinary Toxicology.	biochemistry; Bridelia ferruginea; hematology; oxidative stress; sperm count	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924340806	Evaluation of analgesic property of petroleum ether/ethyl acetate stem bark extract and fractions of Maerua angolensis in murine models of pain	Iliya H.A., Woode E.	2015	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	5	2	10.7324/JAPS.2015.50214	Department of Pharmacology, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Iliya, H.A., Department of Pharmacology, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Woode, E., Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	This study investigated the possible antinociceptive action of the petroleum ether/ethyl acetate extract and fractions prepared from the stem barks of Maerua angolensis. The acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing, formalin-induced nociception, prostaglandin E2-induced mechanical hyperalgesia, bradykinin- and epinephrineinduced thermal hyperalgesia tests as well as Paw withdrawal test using Hargreaves thermal hyperalgesia model were used to assess the antinociceptive effects of the extract and the fractions after oral administration in rodents. Diclofenac and morphine were used as reference analgesic agents. Mice were submitted to the rotarod test in order to assess any non-specific muscle-relaxant effect of the extract and the fractions. The petroleum ether/ethyl acetate extract and the fractions of Maerua angolensis produced significant (P < 0.05) and dose-dependent antinociceptive effects in the acetic acid, formalin, prostaglandin E2, bradykinin, epinephrine and paw withdrawal tests. The extract and the fractions of Maerua angolensis (3 and 10 mg/kg) did not compromise the motor coordination of animals in the rotarod test, suggesting lack of central depressant effect. The petroleum ether/ethyl acetate extract and fractions of Maerua angolensis stem bark produced dose-dependent antinociception in murine models of chemical, mechanical and thermal nociception suggesting peripheral and central analgesic action. © 2015 Hosea Azi Iliy and Eric Woode.	Analgesic property; Fractions; Hyperalgesia; Maerua angolensis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84960077215	Unintended Pregnancies Observed with Combined Use of the Levonorgestrel Contraceptive Implant and Efavirenz-based Antiretroviral Therapy: A Three-Arm Pharmacokinetic Evaluation over 48 Weeks	Scarsi K.K., Darin K.M., Nakalema S., Back D.J., Byakika-Kibwika P., Else L.J., DIlly Penchala S., Buzibye A., Cohn S.E., Merry C., Lamorde M.	2015	Clinical Infectious Diseases	62	6	10.1093/cid/civ1001	Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States; Center for Global Health, United States; Division of Infectious Diseases, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland	Scarsi, K.K., Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States; Darin, K.M., Center for Global Health, United States, Division of Infectious Diseases, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Nakalema, S., Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda; Back, D.J., Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom; Byakika-Kibwika, P., Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda; Else, L.J., Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom; DIlly Penchala, S., Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom; Buzibye, A., Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda; Cohn, S.E., Division of Infectious Diseases, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Merry, C., Center for Global Health, United States, Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda, Department of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Lamorde, M., Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda	Background. Levonorgestrel subdermal implants are preferred contraceptives with an expected failure rate of <1% over 5 years. We assessed the effect of efavirenz- or nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) coadministration on levonorgestrel pharmacokinetics. Methods. This nonrandomized, parallel group, pharmacokinetic evaluation was conducted in three groups of human immunodeficiency virus-infected Ugandan women: ART-naive (n = 17), efavirenz-based ART (n = 20), and nevirapine-based ART (n = 20). Levonorgestrel implants were inserted at baseline in all women. Blood was collected at 1, 4, 12, 24, 36, and 48 weeks. The primary endpoint was week 24 levonorgestrel concentrations, compared between the ART-naive group and each ART group by geometric mean ratio (GMR) with 90% confidence interval (CI). Secondary endpoints included week 48 levonorgestrel concentrations and unintended pregnancies. Results. Week 24 geometric mean levonorgestrel concentrations were 528, 280, and 710 pg/mL in the ART-naive, efavirenz, and nevirapine groups, respectively (efavirenz: ART-naive GMR, 0.53; 90% CI,. 50,. 55 and nevirapine: ART-naive GMR, 1.35; 90% CI, 1.29, 1.43). Week 48 levonorgestrel concentrations were 580, 247, and 664 pg/mL in the ART-naive, efavirenz, and nevirapine groups, respectively (efavirenz: ART-naive GMR, 0.43; 90% CI,. 42,. 44 and nevirapine: ART-naive GMR, 1.14; 90% CI, 1.14, 1.16). Three pregnancies (3/20, 15%) occurred in the efavirenz group between weeks 36 and 48. No pregnancies occurred in the ART-naive or nevirapine groups. Conclusions. Within 1 year of combined use, levonorgestrel exposure was markedly reduced in participants who received efavirenz-based ART, accompanied by contraceptive failures. In contrast, nevirapine-based ART did not adversely affect levonorgestrel exposure or efficacy. © 2015 The Author 2015.	Contraceptive implant; Efavirenz; Levonorgestrel; Nevirapine; Unintended pregnancy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80053630188	Pilot evaluation of the psychometric properties of a self-medication Risk Assessment Tool among elderly patients in a community setting	Lubinga S.J., Millar I., Babigumira J.B.	2011	BMC Research Notes	4	None	10.1186/1756-0500-4-398	Department of Pharmacy, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Global Medicines Program, Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States	Lubinga, S.J., Department of Pharmacy, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda; Millar, I., Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Babigumira, J.B., Global Medicines Program, Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States	Background: Although community pharmacists in the United Kingdom are expected to assess elderly patients' needs for additional support in managing their medicines, there is limited data on potentially useful assessment tools. We sought to evaluate a 13-item assessment instrument among community dwelling elderly patients, 65 years and above. The instrument is composed of a cognitive risk sub-scale of 6 items and a physical risk sub-scale of 7 items. Findings. The instrument was administered to elderly patients in a survey performed in a community to the west of Glasgow, Scotland. The survey recruited 37 participants, 31 from 4 community pharmacies and 6 patients whose medication management tasks were managed by the West Glasgow Community Health and Care Partnership (managed patients). Community pharmacists independently rated 29 of the 37 participants' comprehension of, and dexterity in handling their medicines. We assessed scale reliability, convergent validity and criterion validity. In sub-analyses, we assessed differences in scores between the managed patients and those recruited from the community pharmacies, and between multi-compartment compliance aid users and non-users. The instrument showed satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha of 0.792 for 13-item scale). There was significant strong negative correlation between the cognitive risk sub-scores and community pharmacists' assessment of comprehension ( = -0.546, p = 0.0038); and physical risk sub-scores and community pharmacists' assessment of dexterity ( = -0.491, p = 0.0093). The Area Under the Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve (AUC SE; 95%CI) showed that the instrument had good discriminatory capacity (0.86 0.07; 0.68, 0.96). The best cut-off (sensitivity, specificity) was 4 (65%, 100%). In the sub-analyses, managed patients had significantly higher cognitive risk sub-scores (6.5 versus 4.0, p = 0.0461) compared to non-managed patients. There was a significant difference in total risk score (4 versus 2, p = 0.0135) and cognitive risk sub-score (4 versus 1.5, p = 0.0029) between users and non-users of multi-compartment compliance aids. Conclusions: This instrument shows potential for use in identifying elderly patients who may have problems managing their own medicines in the community setting. However, more robust validity and reliability assessments are needed prior to introduction of the tool into routine practice. © 2011 Lubinga et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84920169703	Impact of spurious shear on cosmological parameter estimates from weak lensing observables	Petri A., May M., Haiman Z., Kratochvil J.M.	2014	Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology	90	12	10.1103/PhysRevD.90.123015	Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, United States; Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Astrophysics and Cosmology Research Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, South Africa	Petri, A., Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States, Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, United States; May, M., Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, United States; Haiman, Z., Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Kratochvil, J.M., Astrophysics and Cosmology Research Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, South Africa	Residual errors in shear measurements, after corrections for instrument systematics and atmospheric effects, can impact cosmological parameters derived from weak lensing observations. Here we combine convergence maps from our suite of ray-tracing simulations with random realizations of spurious shear. This allows us to quantify the errors and biases of the triplet (Ωm,w,σ8) derived from the power spectrum (PS), as well as from three different sets of non-Gaussian statistics of the lensing convergence field: Minkowski functionals (MFs), low-order moments (LMs), and peak counts (PKs). Our main results are as follows: (i) We find an order of magnitude smaller biases from the PS than in previous work. (ii) The PS and LM yield biases much smaller than the morphological statistics (MF, PK). (iii) For strictly Gaussian spurious shear with integrated amplitude as low as its current estimate of σsys2≈10-7, biases from the PS and LM would be unimportant even for a survey with the statistical power of Large Synoptic Survey Telescope. However, we find that for surveys larger than ≈100deg2, non-Gaussianity in the noise (not included in our analysis) will likely be important and must be quantified to assess the biases. (iv) The morphological statistics (MF, PK) introduce important biases even for Gaussian noise, which must be corrected in large surveys. The biases are in different directions in (Ωm,w,σ8) parameter space, allowing self-calibration by combining multiple statistics. Our results warrant follow-up studies with more extensive lensing simulations and more accurate spurious shear estimates. © 2014 American Physical Society.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84857803790	Interpreting foucault: An evaluation of a foucauldian critique of education	Woermann M.	2012	South African Journal of Education	32	1	None	Department of Philosophy, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Woermann, M., Department of Philosophy, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	The potential strengths and weaknesses of a Foucauldian critique of education are discussed and evaluated. The article focuses specifically on the value of Foucault's work for critiquing social and political ideologies prevalent in education, which is understood as a societal institution, and hence, as a modern regime of institutional power. In terms of strengths, the ability to raise issues of knowledge, power and contestation that are traditionally ignored in educational theory is addressed. In terms of weaknesses, Foucault's problematic use and understanding of power and his apparent rejection of objective truth are investigated. The critique develops at the hand of influential, but competing, interpretations of Foucault's contribution to the field of education in particular, and philosophy in general. It is argued that these influential readings of Foucault gain traction within specific discourses (such as education), and should thus be subjected to critical scrutiny. © 2012 EASA.	Critique; Education; Foucault; Institution; Power; Truth	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900866657	Political obligation, dirty hands and torture; A moral evaluation	Van Erp H.	2013	South African Journal of Philosophy	32	1	None	Department of Philosophy, University of Fort Hare, South Africa	Van Erp, H., Department of Philosophy, University of Fort Hare, South Africa	The example of a political leader who has to decide whether he would allow the torture of a suspect in order to get information about a ticking bomb has become notorious in ethical discussions concerning the tension between moral principles and political necessity. The relation between these notions must be made as clear as possible before a sincere moral evaluation of ticking bomb situations can be given. The first section of this article considers whether the concept of political obligation is different from moral and legal obligations or whether it is a special kind of moral obligation. In the second section, the idea that the dirty hands problem confronts us with the ambiguities of moral life is rejected because it would imply an untenable moral paradox. The thesis that is developed is, namely, if there is such a thing as political necessity, it must be some form of moral obligation. The third section analyses the concept of political necessity and concludes that it cannot overrule basic moral principles and that the international legal prohibition of torture must be considered to be a categorical imperative. In the last section, these ideas concerning political and moral necessity are brought in against the defence of torture, which should be tolerated in the 'War on Terror'. There it will be argued that the use of the ticking bomb argument not only supports a highly hypocrite political practice but is also deceptive as a moral and political argument.. Copyright © 2013 by the Philosophical Society of Southern Africa.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84859531135	Standard sports facilities as predictor for elite sports performance by Nigerian university students	Jeroh J.E.	2012	Journal of Physical Education and Sport	12	1	None	Department of Physical and Health Education, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria	Jeroh, J.E., Department of Physical and Health Education, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria	The study examined standard sports facilities as predictors for elite sports performance by Nigerian university students. Participants made up of 153 sports officials and 270 students were drawn from nine universities in Southern Nigeria. A validated self-structured 15-item questionnaire with a test-retest reliability co-efficient of 0.09 was the instrument used for data collection. Frequency counts, simple percentages and chi-square (X2) were the descriptive and inferential statistics used to analyze the data obtained at 0.05 level of significance. The computed chi-square value of 30.68 is more than the table value of 7.82 suggesting that availability of standard sport facilities would play a dominant role in elite sports performance by Nigerian university students. It was recommended among others that new generation federal and state-owned universities be encouraged to host NUGA games so as to benefit from facility development opportunities that NUGA games offer host institutions. © JPES.	Elite performance; Interplay; Physical infrastructure; Tax moratorium	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77958532563	Impact of socio-economic characteristics in the use of Non-Motorised (Nmt) transport system in a medium sized city in Nigeria	Somuyiwa Adebambo O., Somuyiwa Yetunde F.	2010	European Journal of Social Sciences	16	2	None	Dept of Transport Management, Faculty of Management Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ogun State, Nigeria	Somuyiwa Adebambo, O., Dept of Transport Management, Faculty of Management Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Somuyiwa Yetunde, F., Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ogun State, Nigeria	The paper investigated and analyzed non-motorised mode of transport system in a market of a medium-sized city in Nigeria, based on inadequate provision for movement of goods within the market especially over short distances, with a view to examining the impact of socio-economic characteristics of the operators and users of this mode of transport. Methodology adopted includes the use of questionnaire that was designed to elicit information on mode of operations, and operators as well as users socio-economic characteristics. Therein, inferential statistical analytical techniques such as Pearson Product Correlation Coefficient (PPMCC) and Paired sample test were adopted to test two hypotheses stated. The study revealed relative importance of socio-economics characteristics in determining types of non-motorized used. The study equally showed through paired sample test values of 8.397, -3.296 and 4.726 for the pairs of Age/Educational status, Educational status/Income and Age/Educational status respectively at the P-value of .000. These indicate that the use of this mode of transport service is a function of above mentioned socio-economic characteristics. The study recommended that non motorized mode of transport should be encouraged and controlled within the frame work of sustainable transport development due to its environmental friendliness.	Impact; Medium-sized and city; Non-motorised; Socio-economic; Transport	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864781299	Experimental performance of a natural pressure circulation type (thermosiphon) solar water heater and measurement of various temperature values and water flow rate	Nwokoye A.O.C., Okonkwo G.N.	2012	European Journal of Scientific Research	81	3	None	Department of Physics and Industrial Physics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; Department of Physics Electronics, Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Nigeria	Nwokoye, A.O.C., Department of Physics and Industrial Physics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; Okonkwo, G.N., Department of Physics Electronics, Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Nigeria	The experimental performance of direct solar water heating system and measurements of various temperature values and water flow rate is presented. The system was designed to use a natural pressure circulation or themosiphon method to achieve solar heated water. The thermosiphon system follows a general passive heating of water. The location of the collector system is north-south direction upon which the sun is allowed to heat the water in the collector through various water tubes that absorb the heat from the plate by conduction and transfers it to the water passing through the tubes by convection. In the process, the water becomes warmer compared to the water in the tank. The parameters measured include water flow rate in m3/h using industrial grade water flow meter. Five sets of temperature readings: inlet temperature, T1; plate temperature, T2; outlet temperature, T 3; lower tank temperature, T4 and upper tank temperature, T5 were taken. The results showed that the maximum temperatures recorded were 44°C for ambient temperature, 65°C for inlet temperature, 74°C for plate temperature, 83°C for outlet temperature, 39°C for lower tank temperature and 39°C for upper tank temperature. The average water flow rate was 0.3308m3/h. The system's thermal performance was found to be highly efficient. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2012.	Solar water heater; Temperature; Thermosyphon; Water flow rate	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84857240378	Numerical evaluation of 3D geoelectrical resistivity imaging for environmental and engineering investigations using orthogonal 2D profiles	Aizebeokhai A.P., Olayinka A.I., Singh V.S.	2009	SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts	28	1	None	Department of Physics, Covenant University, Nigeria; Department of Geology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; National Geophysical Research Institute, India	Aizebeokhai, A.P., Department of Physics, Covenant University, Nigeria; Olayinka, A.I., Department of Geology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Singh, V.S., National Geophysical Research Institute, India	Summary: Field design for 3D data acquisition in geoelectrical resistivity imaging using a net of orthogonal sets of 2D profiles was numerically investigated. A series of 2D apparent resistivity pseudosections were generated over a synthetic horst structure representing the geological environment of a crystalline basement in low latitude areas using RES2DMOD code. Different minimum electrode separations and inter-line spacing were used with a view of determining the optimum inter-line spacing relative to the minimum electrode separation. The 2D apparent resistivity data were collated to 3D data set and then inverted using RES3DINV, a full 3D inversion code. The relative effectiveness and imaging capabilities of Wenner-alpha (WA), Wenner-beta (WB), Wenner-Schlumberger (WSC), dipole-dipole (DDP), pole-dipole (PDP), and pole-pole (PP) arrays to image the structure using a net of orthogonal set of 2D profiles are presented. The normalized average sensitivity of the inversion results show that WSC, DDP, and PDP arrays are more sensitive to the 3D structure investigated. Interline spacing of not greater than four times the minimum electrode separation gives reasonable resolution.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84883776379	Field evaluation of 3D geo-electrical resistivity imaging for environmental and engineering studies using parallel 2D profiles	Aizebeokhai A.P., Singh V.S.	2013	Current Science	105	4	None	Department of Physics, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad 500 007, India	Aizebeokhai, A.P., Department of Physics, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; Singh, V.S., CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad 500 007, India	Eight parallel two-dimensional (2D) geo-electrical resistivity profiles were generated in hard-rock (Pulivendla) area of Andhra Pradesh, India using a Lund imaging multi-electrode system adopting Wen-ner array. The aim of the survey was to experiment-tally evaluate the effectiveness of using parallel 2D profiles for three-dimensional (3D) geo-electrical resistivity imaging for better understanding of aquifer geometry and its characteristics. The observed 2D apparent resistivity data were independently inverted, and then collated to 3D data set. The inversion of the resulting 3D data set was carried out using a full 3D inversion code. The 3D inverse model of resistivity images obtained are presented as horizontal depth slices. The 2D images extracted from 3D inverse models showed no distortions that are observed in 2D models obtained by 2D inversion. The 3D inverse model resis-tivity appears to be more realistic, considering the hydrogeology of the area. The unusually high resistiv-ity values observed in the 2D inverse models were not observed in the 3D inverse models. The very low near-surface inverse model resistivity observed is thought to be structurally influenced. The results, which are consistent with numerical evaluation, show that high resolution 3D geoelectrical resistivity imaging can be successfully conducted using parallel 2D profiles if appropriate survey parameters are carefully chosen.	2D and 3D imaging; 3D inversion; Field evaluation; Parallel 2D profiles; Resistivity survey	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-41249088459	Fabrication and performance testing of gas sensors based on organic thin films	Katana G., Musyoki A.	2007	Journal of Polymer Materials	24	4	None	Department of Physics, Kenyatta University, PO Box 43844, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Physics, Catholic University of East Africa, P.O. Box 62157, 00200 Nairobi, Kenya	Katana, G., Department of Physics, Kenyatta University, PO Box 43844, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Musyoki, A., Department of Physics, Catholic University of East Africa, P.O. Box 62157, 00200 Nairobi, Kenya	Electrical properties of organic thin films have been studied, to determine the suitability of these materials in the fabrication of gas sensors. Thin sandwich film devices ofpolymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS) were prepared using aluminium (Al) as electrode material. The current - voltage (I - V) characteristics of the devices were measured. The devices Al / PMMA /Al and Al / PS/Al exhibited memory switching. The transition voltage during switching was 1V in pure Al / PS/Al and 3V in Al / PMMA /Al devices. The effects of doping, irradiating and annealing on the memory in Al / PMMA /Al and Al / PS/Al devices have been investigated. Irradiated pure polymer devices showed both threshold and memory switching. The threshold voltage (Vth) increased proportionally to irradiation time. Iodine doped PS devices showed a decrease in the Vth with irradiation time and in contrast to the pure polymer devices, memory was erased after 2-4 minutes of irradiation. Threshold switching completely disappeared after irradiating the doped PS devices for 88 minutes. In the doped Al / PS /Al devices that were not irradiated, the recovery time after switching decreased with iodine concentration whereas the threshold voltage Vth increased with the concentration. In the PMMA devices, Vth increased with irradiation time in both pure and doped films. Memory was erased after 8-10 minutes of irradiation. The recovery times of the doped devices indicate potentiality in using PS and PMMA thin films for gas sensing. © MD Publications Pvt. Ltd.	Organic thin films devices; Switching	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79953030482	The photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cell based on chlorin local dye	Ozuomba J.O., Ekpunobi A.J., Ekwo P.I.	2011	Chalcogenide Letters	8	3	None	Department of Physics, Madonna University, Elele, Nigeria; Department of Physics and Industrial Physics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria	Ozuomba, J.O., Department of Physics, Madonna University, Elele, Nigeria; Ekpunobi, A.J., Department of Physics and Industrial Physics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; Ekwo, P.I., Department of Physics and Industrial Physics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria	The paper reports on the fabrication and characterisation of a dye sensitized solar cells using chlorin (Ch)-stained titanium (iv) oxide (TiO 2). A second bare or plain cell which serves as a control was fabricated using unstained TiO 2. The chlorine dye was extracted from bahama grass. Thin films of Ch-strained TiO 2 and unstained TiO 2 were deposited on transparent conducting oxide glass using the blade method. The Ch-stained electrode was found to absorb solar radiation both in the UV and VIS region. The photoelectric energy conversion efficiency was found to be 1.00% and 0.03% for Ch-stained and bare electrodes respectively. The diurnal variation of output power for both cells was carried out for three days. The efficiency of the stained cell can be compared with 1.43% obtained by Suri et al and 1.5% recorded by Law et al. Results of the hourly output power obtained for the three days revealed that the local dye can make a good photo sensitizer but would require further treatment to improve on its optical absorbance and stability under exposure to solar irradiation.	Bahama grass; Dye sensitized solar cell; Local dye; Photovoltaic performance; Ruthenium complexes	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949671640	Identification and characterisation of performance limiting defects and cell mismatch in photovoltaic modules	Crozier J.L., van Dyk E.E., Vorster F.J.	2015	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	26	3	None	Department of Physics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa	Crozier, J.L., Department of Physics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; van Dyk, E.E., Department of Physics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Vorster, F.J., Department of Physics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa	The performance and longevity of photovoltaic (PV) modules can be severely limited by cell mismatch occurring when a solar cell in a series-connected string produces a lower current than the other cells in that string. The current output of the entire string is limited by the weakest cell in the string so shading or damage to a single cell in a module can affect the entire module's current output. Electroluminescence (EL) occurs when a positive current and voltage are applied to a solar cell and is used to identify damage and defects in the cell. In this study, the cell mismatch in three single crystalline silicon modules was investigated using EL and currentvoltage (I-V) characterisation techniques. Two modules have a white discolouration that affects the majority of the cells in the module and also have signs of mechanical damage, while the third module acts as a reference as it has no discolouration and appears undamaged. The EL signal intensity is related to cell performance and identifies material defects, bad contacts and broken cells. Cell mismatch in a module results in a decrease in the performance parameters obtained from the I-V characteristic curve of the module. The I-V curves indicate the presence of current mismatch in the degraded modules, which is supported by the EL images of these modules. The use of EL images, in conjunction with the I-V curves, allows the degradation in the modules to be characterised.	Cell mismatch; Characterisation; Currentvoltage; Degradation; Electroluminescence; Photovoltaics	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-35148889396	Parameters and computer software for the evaluation of mass attenuation and mass energy-absorption coefficients for body tissues and substitutes	Okunade A.	2007	Journal of Medical Physics	32	3	None	Department of Physics, Obafemi Awolowo University, 220005, ILE-IFE Osun State, Nigeria	Okunade, A., Department of Physics, Obafemi Awolowo University, 220005, ILE-IFE Osun State, Nigeria	The mass attenuation and energy-absorption coefficients (radiation interaction data), which are widely used in the shielding and dosimetry of X-rays used for medical diagnostic and orthovoltage therapeutic procedures, are strongly dependent on the energy of photons, elements and percentage by weight of elements in body tissues and substitutes. Significant disparities exist in the values of percentage by weight of elements reported in literature for body tissues and substitutes for individuals of different ages, genders and states of health. Often, interested parties are in need of these radiation interaction data for body tissues or substitutes with percentage by weight of elements and intermediate energies that are not tabulated in literature. To provide for the use of more precise values of these radiation interaction data, parameters and computer programs, MUA_T and MUEN_T are presented for the computation of mass attenuation and energy-absorption coefficients for body tissues and substitutes of arbitrary percentage-by-weight elemental composition and photon energy ranging between 1 keV (or k-edge) and 400 keV. Results are presented, which show that the values of mass attenuation and energy-absorption coefficients obtained from computer programs are in good agreement with those reported in literature.	Body tissues and substitutes; Mass attenuation coefficient; Mass energy-absorption coefficient	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-37849000474	Computer simulations and models for the performance characteristics of spectrally equivalent X-ray beams in medical diagnostic radiology	Okunade A.A.	2007	Journal of Medical Physics	32	4	None	Department of Physics, Obafemi Awolowo University, 220005, Ile-Ife Osun, Nigeria	Okunade, A.A., Department of Physics, Obafemi Awolowo University, 220005, Ile-Ife Osun, Nigeria	In order to achieve uniformity in radiological imaging, it is recommended that the concept of equivalence in shape (quality) and size (quantity) of clinical X-ray beams should be used for carrying out the comparative evaluation of image and patient dose. When used under the same irradiation geometry, X-ray beams that are strictly or relatively equivalent in terms of shape and size will produce identical or relatively identical image quality and patient dose. Simple mathematical models and software program EQSPECT.FOR were developed for the comparative evaluation of the performance characteristics in terms of contrast (C), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and figure-of-merit (FOM = CNR 2 /DOSE) for spectrally equivalent beams transmitted through filter materials referred to as conventional and k-edged. At the same value of operating potential (kVp), results show that spectrally equivalent beam transmitted through conventional filter with higher atomic number ( Z -value) in comparison with that transmitted through conventional filter with lower Z -value resulted in the same value of C and FOM. However, in comparison with the spectrally equivalent beam transmitted through filter of lower Z -value, the beam through filter of higher Z -value produced higher value of CNR and DOSE at equal tube loading (mAs) and kVp. Under the condition of equivalence of spectrum, at scaled (or reduced) tube loading and same kVp, filter materials of higher Z -values can produce the same values of C, CNR, DOSE and FOM as filter materials of lower Z -value. Unlike the case of comparison of spectrally equivalent beam transmitted through one conventional filter and that through another conventional filter, it is not possible to derive simple mathematical formulations for the relative performance of spectrally equivalent beam transmitted through a given conventional filter material and that through k-edge filter material.	Contrast; Elemental filters; Medical diagnostic radiology	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939477017	Hepatotoxicity following separate administration of two phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (sildenafil&tadalafil) and opioid (tramadol); evaluation of possible reversal following their withdrawal	Nna V.U., Akpan U.P., Okon V.E., Atangwho I.J.	2015	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	5	8	10.7324/JAPS.2015.50817	Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences Univ	Nna, V.U., Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria; Akpan, U.P., Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria; Okon, V.E., Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria; Atangwho, I.J., Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria	The use of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5i) and tramadol in the absence of erectile and ejaculatory dysfunctions in Nigeria has become a norm. In this study, we comparatively assess the effects of chronic use of these drugs on hepatotoxicity. Fifty male albino wistar rats weighing 180-200g were randomly assigned into 5 groups (n=10) as follows; control, sildenafil (1mg/100g b.w), tadalafil (1mg/100g b.w), tramadol (2mg/100g b.w) and sildenafil+tramadol treated group (1mg/100g and 2mg/100g b.w, respectively). Drugs were orally administered, once, every two days for 8weeks, at the end of which five animals were sacrificed per group (batch 1), while the remaining five animals per group were allowed for another 8weeks without drug administration (batch 2). Serum concentration of liver enzymes (AST, ALT and ALP) and bilirubin were assessed in both batches. Serum concentrations of AST, ALT, ALP, total bilirubin and unconjugated bilirubin were significantly (p<0.001) increased in all treated groups (batch 1), while conjugated bilirubin concentration was significantly (p<0.001) reduced in all treated groups, compared with control. Serum concentrations of AST and ALT were significantly reduced in sildenafil (p<0.01), tadalafil (p<0.05), tramadol (p<0.001) and sildenafil+tramadol (p<0.001) recovery groups, compared with their treated groups. Total and unconjugated bilirubin fractions were significantly (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively) reduced in tadalafil recovery group, compared with the treated group. Sildenafil+tramadol recovery group showed significantly (p<0.001) reduced total and unconjugated bilirubin concentrations, compared with the treated group. Chronic administration of PDE5i and tramadol reversibly altered liver functions. © 2015 Victor U. Nna et al.	Hepatotoxicity; Liver; Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors; Sildenafil; Tadalafil; Tramadol	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78649887288	Evaluating the performance of some predictive models for estimating global solar radiation across varying climatic conditions in Nigeria	Ogolo E.O.	2010	Indian Journal of Radio and Space Physics	39	3	None	Department of Physics, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria	Ogolo, E.O., Department of Physics, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria	The performance of both temperature and sunshine dependent models were evaluated for different selected tropical sites, which are situated across four different climatic zones, viz. Sahelian, Guinea Savannah, Midland and Coastal area in Nigeria. The regression constants were obtained for the first, second and third order Angstrom type [Garcia J V, Principios F'isicos de la Climatolog'ia. Ediciones UNALM (Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina: Lima, Peru), 1994; Hargreaves G & Samani Z, Estimating potential evapotranspiration, J Irrigat Drainage Eng (USA), 108 (1982) pp 225-230] models for all the stations using the method of regression analysis. Model evaluation performance analyses were carried out to determine which model is more suitable for a given climatic condition. The results indicated that the third order Angstrom type correlations do not improve the accuracy of estimation of global radiation. In addition, the results also revealed that temperature and sunshine hour dependent models are more suitable for the simulation of global radiation in the Sahelian and Guinea Savannah climatic condition, respectively. All the models exhibited the tendency to perform suitably well in the Midland and Coastal areas. On the seasonal consideration, the sunshine hour dependent models were found more suitable for the estimation of solar global radiation across all the varying climatic conditions during the dry season. However, all the models were found suitable during the wet season except for the Sahelian where only the temperature dependent models have been found exclusively suitable.	Angstrom type model; Performance indicators; Regression analysis; Solar radiation; Sunshine hour dependent model; Temperature dependent model	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939898267	Performance Analysis of Microwave Radio Refractivity on Radio Field Strength and Radio Horizon Distance Over Akure, Nigeria	Adediji A.T., Ismail M., Mandeep J.S.	2014	Wireless Personal Communications	79	3	10.1007/s11277-014-1963-0	Department of Physics, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia	Adediji, A.T., Department of Physics, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria, Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia; Ismail, M., Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia; Mandeep, J.S., Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia	Surface radio refractivity studies are being carried out in Akure, (formula presented) South-Western Nigeria, by in-situ measurement of atmospheric pressure, temperature, and relative humidity using Wireless Weather Station (Integrated Sensor Suit, ISS). Five years of measurement (January, 2007–December, 2011) were used to compute the surface radio refractivity and its diurnal, daily, seasonal and yearly variations are analyzed. The results were then used to compute radio horizon distance (formula presented) and examine the field strength (FSV) variability. Results obtained show that the surface radio refractivity, (formula presented), varies with the time of the day as well as the seasons of the year. High values of (formula presented) were recorded in the morning and evening hours while the values were minima around 1,500 h local time. An average value of surface radio refractivity of 364.74 N-units was obtained for this location. The annual maximum mean of FSV is 15.24 dB and the minimum is 2.20 dB. This implies that the output of a receiving antenna in Akure may generally be subject to variations not less than 2 dB in a year, but can be as high as 15 dB. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media New York.	Field strength; Humidity; Pressure; Radio horizon; Refractivity; Temperature	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70350067656	Geophysical evaluation and chemical analysis of kaolin clay deposit of Lakiri village, Southwestern Nigeria	Badmus B.S., Olatinsu O.B.	2009	International Journal of Physical Sciences	4	10	None	Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Department of Physics, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria	Badmus, B.S., Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Olatinsu, O.B., Department of Physics, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria	A geophysical survey using the vertical electrical sounding (VES) technique was carried out to evaluate kaolin clay mineral deposit of Lakiri village, Obafemi-Owode local government area of Ogun State, Southwestern, Nigeria. Thirty three (33) Schlumberger vertical electrical soundings (VES) were acquired at three different sites. The data obtained was interpreted using WingGLink software to determine the apparent resistivity and thickness of each geoelectric layer. A minimum of three geoelectric layers and a maximum of five geoelectric layers were delineated. The subsurface lithology includes: topsoil, clayey sand/sandy clay, kaolin clay and sandstone. The kaolin clay distribution was identified in about 80% of the VES stations with resistivity values ranging between 1099 - 22037 ω m and thicknesses between 0.4 - 17 m. Chemical analysis carried out on samples collected from these sites shows that the kaolin clay is acidic and contains high concentration of alkaline metals. The physical analyses revealed the kaolin clay to have an average porosity of 0.46 and bulk density of 1.4 g cm-3. The study also revealed that the percentage of clay in the samples collected was found to be higher than that of silt and sand. © 2009 Academic Journals.	Bulk density; Electrical sounding and geoelectric layers; Kaolin clay; Resistivity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940714174	TEC prediction performance of IRI-2012 model during a very low and a high solar activity phase over equatorial regions, Uganda	Tariku Y.A.	2015	Journal of Geophysical Research A: Space Physics	120	7	10.1002/2015JA021203	Department of Physics, University of Ambo, Ambo, Ethiopia	Tariku, Y.A., Department of Physics, University of Ambo, Ambo, Ethiopia	This paper examines the capacity of the latest version of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI-2012) model in predicting the vertical total electron content (VTEC) variation over Uganda during a very low solar activity phase (2009) and a high solar activity (2012) phase. This has been carried out by comparing the ground-based Global Positioning System (GPS) VTEC inferred from dual-frequency GPS receivers installed at Entebbe (geographic latitude 0.038N and longitude 32.44E; geomagnetic latitude -9.53N and longitude 104.06E) and Mbarara (geographic latitude -0.60N and longitude 30.74E; geomagnetic latitude -10.02N and longitude 102.36E). In this work, the diurnal, monthly, and seasonal variations in the measured VTEC have been analyzed and compared with the VTEC derived from IRI-2012 model. It has been shown that the lowest diurnal peak GPS-VTEC values are observed in the June solstice months during both the low and the high solar activity phases. Similarly, the highest diurnal peak IRI-2012 VTEC values are observed in equinoctial months during both phases. The variability of the VTEC in both the experimental and model is minimal nearly at 03:00 UT (06:00 LT) and maximal mostly between 10:00 and 13:00 UT (13:00-16:00 LT) during both phases. The diurnal highest peak modeled VTEC value observed during the high solar activity phase is almost twice larger than the diurnal highest peak modeled VTEC value depicted during the low solar activity phase. Moreover, the highest monthly mean hourly measured VTEC value observed in October during the high solar activity phase is larger by more than twice the corresponding highest monthly mean hourly measured VTEC value observed in November during the low solar activity phase. Similarly, the lowest monthly measured VTEC value observed in July during the high solar activity phase is larger by more than twice the corresponding lowest measured monthly VTEC value observed in the same month during the low solar activity phase. It has also been shown that the highest measured seasonal mean hourly VTEC values are observed in the December solstice and the March equinox, respectively, during the low and the high solar activity phases, while the corresponding lowest measured VTEC values are observed in the June solstice during both phases. The model prediction generally follows the monthly and seasonal variations of measured VTEC, with the highest and the lowest monthly values being observed in equinoctial and solstice months, respectively, during both phases. The overall results show that the modeled diurnal, monthly, and seasonal VTEC values are generally larger than those corresponding measured VTEC values observed during both the low and the high solar activity phases, with the largest deviations being observed during the low solar activity phase. Moreover, the model does not respond to the effects resulting from the storm. Hence, unlike the measured VTEC values, the modeled VTEC values are unaffected by the storm. © 2015. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.	equatorial ionosphere; GPS-VTEC; high solar activity; IRI-2012 VTEC; low solar activity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-43149092147	Impact of a conventional introductory laboratory course on the understanding of measurement	Volkwyn T.S., Allie S., Buffler A., Lubben F.	2008	Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research	4	1	10.1103/PhysRevSTPER.4.010108	Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Department of Educational Studies, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom	Volkwyn, T.S., Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Allie, S., Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Buffler, A., Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Lubben, F., Department of Educational Studies, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom	Conventional physics laboratory courses generally include an emphasis on increasing students' ability to carry out data analysis according to scientific practice, in particular, those aspects that relate to measurement uncertainty. This study evaluates the efficacy of the conventional approach by analyzing the understanding of measurement of freshmen following the physics major sequence, i.e., top achievers, with regard to data collection, data processing, and data comparison, through pre- and postinstruction tests by using an established instrument. The findings show that the laboratory course improved the performance of the majority of students insofar as the more mechanical aspects of data collection and data processing were concerned. However, only about 20% of the cohort of physics majors exhibited a deeper understanding of measurement uncertainty required for data comparison. © 2008 The American Physical Society.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-82755196248	The impact of the variability of ionospheric phase refractive index on radio signals instability	Awe O.E., Adegoke J.A., Eniafe B.S.	2011	International Journal of Physical Sciences	6	30	10.5897/IJPS11.422	Department of Physics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	Awe, O.E., Department of Physics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Adegoke, J.A., Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Eniafe, B.S., Department of Physics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	The ionospheric phase refractive index is a complex function that determines the attenuation and the trajectory of radio signals through the ionosphere. This complex refractive index model has been obtained using the Maxwell's equations, the tensorial conductivity equation, electron collision models, and the geomagnetic field model. The model has been used to study and investigate the phase refractive index on radio wave propagation for high latitude, low latitude and equatorial regions of the global ionosphere, at 1400 h LT, during the periods of high solar activity (Rz = 104.5, year 1970), moderate solar activity (Rz = 68.9, year 1972) and low solar activity (Rz = 12.6, year 1976). Our results showed that ionospheric phase refractive index is not constant, less than unity, increases with increasing propagating radio frequencies and for a particular propagating radio frequency, it increases with decreasing solar activity. © 2011 Academic Journals.	Attenuation; Ionosphere; Phase refractive index; Radio signal; Solar activity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84919949725	Solid State Reaction of Ruthenium with 6H-SiC Under Vacuum Annealing and the Impact on the Electrical Performance of its Schottky Contact for High Temperature Operating SiC-Based Diodes	Munthali K.V., Theron C., Auret F.D., Coelho S.M.M., Prinsloo L., Njoroge E.	2014	Brazilian Journal of Physics	44	6	10.1007/s13538-014-0257-z	Department of Physics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Mathematics, Science and Sports Education, University of Namibia, HP Campus, P/Bag 5507, Oshakati, Namibia	Munthali, K.V., Department of Physics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa, Department of Mathematics, Science and Sports Education, University of Namibia, HP Campus, P/Bag 5507, Oshakati, Namibia; Theron, C., Department of Physics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Auret, F.D., Department of Physics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Coelho, S.M.M., Department of Physics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Prinsloo, L., Department of Physics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Njoroge, E., Department of Physics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Thin films and Schottky diodes dots of ruthenium (Ru) on bulk-grown n-type-6-hexagonal-silicon carbide (6H-SiC) were annealed isochronally in a vacuum furnace at temperatures ranging from 500–1,000 °C. Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy analysis of the thin films showed formation of ruthenium silicide (Ru2Si3) at 800 °C, while diffusion of Ru into 6H-SiC commenced at 800 °C. Raman analysis of the thin films annealed at 1,000 °C showed clear D and G carbon peaks which was evidence of formation of graphite. At this annealing temperature, the Schottky contact was observed to convert to an ohmic contact, as evidenced by the linearity of current–voltage characteristic, thereby, rendering the diode unusable. The transformation from Schottky contact to ohmic contact is attributed to graphite formation at the interface. © 2014, Sociedade Brasileira de Física.	6H-SiC; D and G carbon peaks; Graphite; Raman spectroscopy; Ruthenium; Ruthenium silicide; Rutherford backscattering spectrometry; Schottky contacts	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903287197	Cloacal temperature responses and some performance indices in black harco pullets administered with betamint during the hot-dry season	Ayo J.O., Danbirini S., Egbuniwe I.C., Sinkalu V.O.	2014	Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology	5	2	10.4172/2157-7579.1000166	Department of Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria; Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria	Ayo, J.O., Department of Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria; Danbirini, S., Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria; Egbuniwe, I.C., Department of Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria; Sinkalu, V.O., Department of Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria	The experiment was performed with the aim of determining fluctuations in cloacal temperature (CT) of Black Harco pullets, and effects of betamint® on the fluctuations and some performance indicesof the pullets during the hot-dry season. Twenty-five experimental pullets were each administered with betamint orally at a dose of 1 ml/kg daily, while 25 other control pullets were given only water for 21 days. The dry-bulb temperature, relative humidity inside the pen and CT of each pullet were recorded every two hours (from 06:00 h to 18:00 h) on days 7, 14 and 21. CT values in experimental and control pullets (41.63 ± 0.10°C and 41.64 ± 0.13°C, respectively) did not differ, but betamint reduced (P<0.05) CT values in the pullets from 12:00 h and 14:00 h. Water consumption in experimental (4.26%) pullets was lower than that of the control (23.63%) pullets. An increase in live weight gain (15%) and feed consumption (45.91%) was obtained in experimental pullets over that of the control pullets (P < 0.01). In conclusion, betamint administration alleviated the risk of adverse effects of heat stress and improved live weight gain in pullets. © 2014 Ayo JO, et al.	Heat stress; Productivity; Thermal microenvironment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77954829397	Involving developing countries in the evaluation of development cooperation: The case of a joint evaluation of development cooperation between Ghana and Denmark	Mensa-Bonsu I.F., Andersen M.H.	2010	Evaluation	16	3	10.1177/1356389010370250	Department of Planning, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; EVAL, Asiatisk Plads 2, Copenhagen, Denmark	Mensa-Bonsu, I.F., Department of Planning, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Andersen, M.H., EVAL, Asiatisk Plads 2, Copenhagen, Denmark	Joint evaluation of development cooperation is becoming more imperative within the framework of the Paris Declaration. It has, however, been noted that the documentation of practical experience with evaluations conducted in a joint fashion is missing. This article seeks to contribute to the debate on the practical implications of conducting joint evaluations. The model adopted involves one donor (Denmark) and one recipient country (Ghana) working as equal partners in drafting the terms of reference (ToR) for the evaluation, procuring consultants, managing the entire process and reviewing the draft reports prepared by the consultants. Principal lessons include: (a) early involvement of the recipient country in the joint evaluation is essential, (b) joint development of the ToR ensures mutual benefits, (c) a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) strengthens the collaboration, (d) the use of reference groups ensures that the evaluation results are relevant and (e) the use of new communication technologies can help facilitate joint evaluation management. The article concludes that engagement in a joint evaluation is time- and resource-demanding and requires a strong commitment from both sides. © The Author(s) 2010.	Definition of evaluation work; Evaluation management; Evaluation Reference Group; Ghana- Denmark development cooperation; Joint evaluation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924210399	Performance of some local Nigerian turfgrasses in sole and mixed stands	Oyedeji S., Isichei A.O., Ogunfidodo A.	2014	Turkish Journal of Field Crops	19	1	None	Department of Plant Biology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Department of Botany, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Department of Mathematics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Oyedeji, S., Department of Plant Biology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Isichei, A.O., Department of Botany, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Ogunfidodo, A., Department of Mathematics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	The study assessed the performance of Axonopus compressus, Chysopogon aciculatus, Sporobolus pyramidalis, Eleusine indica and Dactyloctenium aegyptium in turf establishment. The five grass species planted in sole and mixed stands were varied with the legume - Desmodium triflorum. Ground cover differed significantly among grass species and their mixtures from 4 - 11 weeks after planting (WAP) but ground cover in the legume and no legume subplots were not significantly different from 4 – 6 WAP. Eleusine, Axonopus and Dactyloctenium and their mixtures had higher ground cover than those of Sporobolus and Chrysopogon. There were significant differences in ground cover among grasses and mixtures at 3 and 6 weeks after clipping (WAC), and grasslegume subplots and subplots without the legume were different at 3 and 4 WAC. Recovery weeks after trampling was faster in sole stands and mixtures with Axonopus and Eleusine, indicating they are better adapted to trampling. © 2014, Society of Field Crops Science. All Rights Reserved.	Ground cover; Growth rate; Legume; Mixed stands; Trampling-tolerant; Warm-season turfgrasses	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947292047	Diversity and potential impact of Calonectria species in Eucalyptus plantations in Brazil	Alfenas R.F., Lombard L., Pereira O.L., Alfenas A.C., Crous P.W.	2015	Studies in Mycology	80	None	10.1016/j.simyco.2014.11.002	Department of Plant Pathology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil; CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, CT Utrecht, Netherlands; Clonar Resistência a Doenças Florestais, CENTEV, Viçosa, MG, Brazil; Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, CH Utrecht, Netherlands	Alfenas, R.F., Department of Plant Pathology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil, Clonar Resistência a Doenças Florestais, CENTEV, Viçosa, MG, Brazil; Lombard, L., CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, CT Utrecht, Netherlands; Pereira, O.L., Department of Plant Pathology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil; Alfenas, A.C., Department of Plant Pathology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil; Crous, P.W., CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, CT Utrecht, Netherlands, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa, Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, CH Utrecht, Netherlands	Species in the genus Calonectria (Hypocreales) represent an important group of plant pathogenic fungi that cause serious losses to plant crops in tropical and subtropical climates. Calonectria leaf blight is currently one of the main impediments to Eucalyptus cultivation in Brazil, and various species of Calonectria have been associated with this disease. Since most previous identifications were solely based on morphological characters, much of the published literature needs to be re-evaluated. The aim of this study was thus to identify and determine the phylogenetic relationships among species that occur in the Eucalyptus growing regions of Brazil by using partial sequences of the β-tubulin, calmodulin, translation elongation factor 1-α and histone H3 gene regions. Based on extensive collections from soil and infected eucalypt leaf samples from plantations, phylogenetic inference revealed the Ca. pteridis complex to be the most common species complex present in Eucalyptus plantations in Brazil. By elucidating taxa in the Ca. pteridis, Ca. cylindrospora and Ca. candelabra species complexes, 20 novel Calonectria species were identified, and a new name in Calonectria provided for Cylindrocladium macrosporum as Ca. pseudopteridis. © 2014 CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre.	Calonectria leaf blight; Cylindrocladium; Damping-off; Diversity; Taxonomy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879700577	Laboratory evaluation of pesticidal activities of hyptis suaveolens in pest management	Olotuah O.F.	2013	International Journal of Agricultural Research	8	2	10.3923/ijar.2013.101.106	Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria	Olotuah, O.F., Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria	The efficacy of use of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit in the control of three storage pests was evaluated in a laboratory experiment. The experiment was aimed at determining the potency of Hyptis suaveolens as a promising botanical in the control of stored product pests. Thus, fresh, mature and healthy fumigant leaves of Hyptis suaveolens were collected in Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria, chopped into very small sizes and weighed to be 100 g. These leaves were soaked consecutively in 1000 mL each of n-hexane, di-ethyl ether and methanol where the essential oil of the plant was then extracted sequentially through solvent extraction methods. Each level of solvent extraction was maintained for 3 days after which the filtrate was exposed to natural air for 24 h. The methanolic extract was further prepared to obtain concentrations of 100, 75, 50, 25, 10, 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1% which were tested for pesticidal activity against cultures of selected stored product pest species in the laboratory under ambient temperature. The laboratory experiment revealed the high insecticidal capability of H. suaveolens in the control of the insect pests through contact treatment and 100% mortality of Sitophilus oryzae, Sitophilus zeamais and Callosobruchus maculatus in >15 sec of methanolic extract treatment application. © 2013 Academic Journals Inc.	Akungba-akoko; Bio-pesticide; Hyptis suaveolens; Insecticide; Pest management	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84886892798	Evaluation of structurally related 3-substituted 4-amino-2-arylquinolines and 2-aryl-4-methoxyquinolines for potential antimycobacterial activity	Labuschagné A., Lall N., Mphahlele M.J.	2013	International Arabic Journal of Antimicrobial Agents	3	2	10.3823/728	Department of Plant Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, P.O. Box 392, Pretoria 0003, South Africa	Labuschagné, A., Department of Plant Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Lall, N., Department of Plant Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Mphahlele, M.J., Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, P.O. Box 392, Pretoria 0003, South Africa	Background: A series of structurally related 2-aryl-4-(amino/methoxy)quinoline derivatives were evaluated for potential antimycobacterial activity against Myco-bacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv. Methods: The chemical compounds were tested against a drug sensitive and drug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis using rapid radiometric techniques. The selected derivatives were tested for their intracellular activity against TB- infected macrophages. Two 4-amino-2,3-diarylquinoline derivatives were investigated for their immune modulatory effect with regard to to Th1 and Th2-subset cytokines Results: A complete inhibition of a drug sensitive strain of M. tuberculosis was observed at 20.0 μg/mL for 4-amino-2-(4-chlorophenyl)quinoline 3b, 4-amino-3-iodo-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)quinoline 5d, 4-amino-2,3-diphenylquinoline 6a, 4-ami-no-2-(4-fuorophenyl)-3-phenylquinoline 6b and 4-amino-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylquinoline 6d. These derivatives were further evaluated for activity against a multidrug resistant strain of M. tuberculosis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against a two drug-resistant strain was found to be ≥5.0≤20.0 μg/mL. Systems 6a and 6b were, in turn, subjected to cytotoxicity assay using U937 human macrophages and their subsequent intracellular antimycobacterial activity was determined. Intracellular M. tuberculosis growth was inhibited with 64 and 61% by compounds 6a and 6b, at concentrations of 18.00 and 14.00 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, these two 4-amino-2,3-diarylquinoline derivatives were also investigated for their immune modulatory effect according to Th1 and Th2-subset cytokines. System 6b indicated activity that stimulated multi-effector macrophages with a mixed Th1/Th2 cytokine profile. Conclusions: The presence of a primary amino group at C-4 and phenyl ring at C-3 and the accompanying increased basicity of the quinoline ring as well as electronic effect and lipophilicity of the substituent on the para position of the 2-phenyl ring seem to be critical for the antimycobacterial activity of the 2,3-diarylquinoline derivatives. Overall, the production of cytokines from this specifc experiment gives an idea of the amount of individual cytokines produced daily instead of a cumulative response to the test samples during infection. Compound 6a holds potential to modulate the functionality of M. tuberculosis infected macrophages. © Under License of Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.	2-aryl-4-methoxyquinolines; 4-amino-2-arylquinolines; Antimycobacterial activity; Immunomod-ulation; Mycobacterium tuberculosis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947241341	Friends or enemies? An evaluation of the relationship between rising hegemonies and established hegemonies in international relations	Wogu I.A.P., Chidozie F.	2015	Journal of Interdisciplinary and Multidisciplinary Research	2	3	None	Department of Political Science and International Relations, School of Human Resource Development, College of Leadership Development Studies, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	Wogu, I.A.P., Department of Political Science and International Relations, School of Human Resource Development, College of Leadership Development Studies, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Chidozie, F., Department of Political Science and International Relations, School of Human Resource Development, College of Leadership Development Studies, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	There are some who see China's sudden rise to the position of power and influence on the globe as a threat to their position and place in world economy. Current trends in world politics however reveals that the quest to rise to the place of hegemony and the need to sustain once position as the dominant hegemony in international politics have set into motion, series of actions leading to various kinds of espionage campaign between the countries involved. This study is a critical evaluation of the intrigues and politics of power which raises the ultimate question of ?who is a friends or an enemy in the emerging global system"? The paper adopts the traditional methods of critical analysis in philosophy to evaluate data collected from secondary sources with a view to evaluate and analyse the strengths and weaknesses of the propositions and assumptions arising from the situation. The paper identifies some degree of exaggeration in the fears which Americans are nursing presently. The paper recommends that the countries under review need adopt the complex independent theory of international relations which has the capacity to synthesize elements of the realist and the liberal thoughts among the countries under review.	Complex independent theory; Espionage campaign; Friends or enemy; Hegemony; International relations	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78650196138	Organizational retention strategies and employee performance of Zenith Bank in Nigeria	Eseme Gberevbie D.	2010	African Journal of Economic and Management Studies	1	1	10.1108/20400701011028167	Department of Political Science, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria	Eseme Gberevbie, D., Department of Political Science, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria	PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to empirically examine employee-retention strategies and performance in the Nigerian banking sector over the period 2000-2005, with focus on Zenith Bank in Nigeria. The sector is unique in terms of its contribution to Nigeria's gross domestic product. Design/methodology/approachThe survey research design involving the use of questionnaire and structured interview to obtain primary and secondary data from relevant books, journals and the internet were adopted. The paper also adopted the χ2-analytical technique to test for significant relationship between variables. FindingsThe study revealed that it is more profitable for organizations to put in place appropriate employee-retention strategies such as good organization's image, staff participation in decision making, enhanced and regular salary package, and humane treatment of employees as strategies for organizational performance. Practical implicationsParticularly, organizations are likely to experience frequent employee turnover for as long as they fail to put in place appropriate employee-retention strategies, which is capable of preventing enhanced performance. Originality/valueThis paper provides insight into what could enhance the performance of organizations in their quest for quality service delivery and profitability. Its findings could also be a source of motivation to organizations in other sectors in the area of employee performance. © 2010, © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Banking; Employees; Human resource management; Nigeria; Organizational performance; Retention	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892536195	The impacts of culture and religion, Ethnicity, politics and poverty on ethnic violence in Plateau State of Nigeria	Akwara A.F., Udaw J.E., Akwara N.F., Onimawo J.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	14	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n14p657	Department of Political Science, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria; Department of Office Technology Management, The Federal Polytechnic Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria; Department of Vocational and Technical Education, Ambrose Alli University Ekp	Akwara, A.F., Department of Political Science, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria; Udaw, J.E., Department of Political Science, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria; Akwara, N.F., Department of Office Technology Management, The Federal Polytechnic Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria; Onimawo, J., Department of Vocational and Technical Education, Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria	Every ethnic nationality has got its own culture and cultural attributes by which the ethnic nationality is known and identified. The inter-play of these cultural attributes as religion or belief system, norms or rules of behaviour, language, history and artefacts, etc. gives rise to politics and determine the nature of the political process in the society, and also the level of pauperization of the people. This paper examines the concepts poverty, culture, politics, religion and ethnicity and how they have fuelled ethnic violence in Plateau State of Nigeria. The paper finds out that violence in the region is caused by the multiplicity of ethnic nationalities and cultures in the region; and the struggle for power and dominance between the cultures and ethnic nationalities within the region. These struggles create poverty through the destruction of human and material resources; and human and capital flight from the region. The poverty in turn causes anger, frustration and deprivations which further fuels the crises in the region and turns the crises into perpetual cycles that cannot end. The conflicts and violence therefore appear as liberation struggles by the native or indigenous population against the dominance of an alien population in the region. The paper therefore suggests the convocation of a sovereign national conference for the various ethnic nationalities in the country to discuss the basis on which the various ethnic nationalities can continue to remain under the authority of a single national government as the crises in the region affect the entire nation.	And violence; Culture; Ethnicity; Politics; Poverty; Religion	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892546519	The politics of youth violence in Rumuekpe and its impact on Rumuekpe community development, 2004-2010	Wilson G.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	6	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n6p73	Department of Political Science, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rumuolumini, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Wilson, G., Department of Political Science, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rumuolumini, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	The study centered on politics of youth violence and its impact on Rumuekpe community development, within the period of 2004 - 2010. Rumuekpe is one of the oil producing communities in Niger Delta region of Nigeria and is noted for their peaceful coexisted and friendly relationship with their guests and neighbours. Suddenly, the communities were thrown into violence due to the inability of the community youth leadership to ensure the accountability of their government and operate all inclusive government, and insincerity in activities of the oil companies operating in Rumuekpe to effectively enforce community development programme in Rumuekpe. The unsatisfactory activities of the youth leadership resulted to agitation by some factions of the youths for a change of the youth leadership, coupled with the ill activities of the oil multinationals, the aggrieved youths were left with no option than to embark on intensive agitation for a change of youth leadership, and community development by oil multinationals. Unfortunately, the agitation graduated to youth violence in Rumuekpe. To that effect, the study is aimed at identifying the causes and effects of the violence on Rumuekpe people and community development. Secondary and primary data were used to achieve the objectives of the study. Our findings proved that the violence was caused by agitation for change in youth leadership and poor activities of Shell in Rumuekpe community. The study showed that the violence had negative impact on Rumuekpe people, community development, oil multinationals and Nigerian state. Based on that, the study made some recommendations on the modalities to avoid future youth violence and achieve community development in Rumuekpe in particular, and Niger Delta Region at large.	And oil multinationals; Community development; Politics; Youth leadership; Youth violence	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924576414	The impact of political leadership and corruption on Nigeria's development since independence	Awofeso O., Odeyemi T.I.	2014	Journal of Sustainable Development	7	5	10.5539/jsd.v7n5p240	Department of Political Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Awofeso, O., Department of Political Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Odeyemi, T.I., Department of Political Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	The paper draws an interlocking relationship between political leadership and development and concludes that, while leadership had played tremendous role in the socio-political and economic development of most nations of the world, the reverse is the case in Nigeria. Apart from identifying other social vices that accounted for the protracted state of Nigeria's underdevelopment, the paper also singles out corruption as the major impediment to Nigeria's quest for development since independence. Drawing from the World Bank, Transparency International and highly knowledgeable scholars in this field, the paper demonstrates the process through which Nigerian political leadership became 'neck-deep' in corruption with several cases of monumeotal diversion of public funds meant for the economic development of the country into individual pockets. The multi-dimensional consequences of corrupt practices on a nation's socio-political and economic development cannot be overemphasised, as virtually all sectors of the country, including education, health, agriculture, politics, technology, e.t.c, are negatively affected, with the resultant outcome like extreme poverty, high level of illiteracy, economic dependency, technological backwardness, political instability, e.t.c, as the order of the day. Nigeria's situation typifies the above as shown in the paper. © 2014 by the author(s).	Corruption; Development; Political leadership; Politics; Poverty	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955025455	Autonomy and local capacity: An analysis of the performance profile of EDO state local government councils (June 1999 to December 2006)	Ebohon S.I., Osemwota O., Agbebaku P.	2011	Social Sciences	6	3	10.3923/sscience.2011.235.240	Department of Political Science, University of Benin, Benin, Nigeria; Institute of Public Administration and Extension Services, University of Benin, Ekenwan Campus, Benin, Nigeria; Department of Political Science, Ambrose Alii University, Ekpoma, Edo Sta	Ebohon, S.I., Department of Political Science, University of Benin, Benin, Nigeria; Osemwota, O., Institute of Public Administration and Extension Services, University of Benin, Ekenwan Campus, Benin, Nigeria; Agbebaku, P., Department of Political Science, Ambrose Alii University, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria	Autonomy and performance are the recurrent themes in contemporary local government discourse. This study examines the revenue profile and capacity disposition of the local government councils in Edo state from 1999-2006. Empirical evidence from the study suggests that capacity for the local government councils to grow even in the face of rising revenue is inhibited by the deployment of centrally and locally derived resources for bureaucratic ends like salaries, wages, training, touring advances and other related overhead expenditure. The study concludes on the basis of empirical evidence that for meaningful autonomy and development to take root, the gap between internally generated revenue and statutory allocation as well as that between recurrent and capital appropriation which are the main features of local government councils in Edo state must be reversed. © Medwell Journals, 2011.	Bureaucratic appropriation; Infra-sovereign; Nigeria; Overdeveloped; Ultra-sovereign; Vertical departmentalist	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892570287	Combating human trafficking in Nigeria: An evaluation of state policies and programmes	Duru E.J.C., Ogbonnaya U.M.	2012	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	3	3	10.5901/mjss.2012.v3n3p161	Department of Political Science, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria; Department of Political Science and Public Administration, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria	Duru, E.J.C., Department of Political Science, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria; Ogbonnaya, U.M., Department of Political Science and Public Administration, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria	This paper examines the social problem of trafficking in human beings in Nigeria. It considers the root causes of the problem, the socio-economic implication of human trafficking, its recent global dimension and the policies and programmes of the Nigerian state in combating this ugly phenomenon. The paper made predominant use of secondary sources of data. Findings reveal that though the state has certain policies and programs aimed at combating human trafficking, the problem persists because the institutions saddled with these responsibilities are fundamentally weak. The paper, therefore, recommends certain measures to help in tackling the problem of human trafficking in Nigeria.	Humah trafficking; Nigeria; State policies	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924952535	New development: Regulatory impact assessment in developing countries—tales from the road to good governance	Adelle C., Macrae D., Marusic A., Naru F.	2015	Public Money and Management	35	3	10.1080/09540962.2015.1027500	Department of Political Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa; General for Law and Regulation in Defra, London, United Kingdom; World Bank Group, Nairobi, Kenya; OECD, Paris, France	Adelle, C., Department of Political Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Macrae, D., General for Law and Regulation in Defra, London, United Kingdom; Marusic, A., World Bank Group, Nairobi, Kenya; Naru, F., OECD, Paris, France	This article sets out the challenges facing the practice of regulatory impact assessment (RIA) in developing countries and then goes on to propose a set of guiding principles with which to attempt to overcome these. The discussion is based on the findings of a practitioner workshop held at the University of Pretoria, South Africa. © 2015, © 2015 CIPFA.	Better regulation; developing countries; policy appraisal; regulatory impact assessment; regulatory reform	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84932159550	Association between experience of sexual coercion and sexual behaviour: Insights from the 2008 botswana aids impact survey iii	Letamo G.	2015	Etude de la Population Africaine	29	1	None	Department of Population Studies, University of Botswana, Private Bag UB 00705, Gaborone, Botswana	Letamo, G., Department of Population Studies, University of Botswana, Private Bag UB 00705, Gaborone, Botswana	Objective: Little is known about the prevalence and the effect of sexual coercion on risky sexual behaviour in the context of Botswana. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the experience of sexual coercion and risky sexual behaviour. Methods: The study used a nationally representative population-based survey data from the 2008 Botswana AIDS Impact Survey III. We used cross-tabulations and multivariate logistic regression analysis to investigate an association between the experience of sexual coercion and risky sexual behaviour. Results: Out of the 2,455 respondents, the prevalence of sexual coercion was 5% (3.1% males and 8.1% females). The adjusted odds ratios showed that only the respondents who reported having experienced sexual coercion compared to those who did not were 1.9 times more likely to report having engaged in multiple sexual partnerships and this relationship was statistically significant at 1% level. Conclusion: The results suggest that in order to implement effective HIV/AIDS prevention strategies it is imperative to adopt a more holistic and multifaceted approach that includes issues of sexual violence. © 2015, Union for African Population Studies. All rights reserved.	Botswana; Sexual behaviour; Sexual coercion	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84927553887	The impact of spousal violence on the children: A pastoral care approach	Sifo L.G., Masango M.J.	2014	HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies	70	2	10.4102/hts.v70i2.2044	Department of Practical Theology, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Sifo, L.G., Department of Practical Theology, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Masango, M.J., Department of Practical Theology, University of Pretoria, South Africa	This article investigates the impact of spousal violence on children. Spousal violence in the home affects children negatively and its impact goes beyond their childhood years into adulthood. Some children become dysfunctional in life as a result of their exposure to violence between their parents. These children may exhibit symptoms associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) later on in life. A case study of a family exposed to violence was undertaken. Findings from this case scenario were measured against existing literature. A pastoral care method of responding to the victims is proposed in order for them to be healed. © 2014. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84927561652	The plight of absent fathers caused by migrant work: Its traumatic impact on adolescent male children in Zimbabwe	Nyanjaya A.K., Masango M.J.	2012	HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies	68	1	10.4102/hts.v68i1.1004	Department of Practical Theology, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Nyanjaya, A.K., Department of Practical Theology, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Masango, M.J., Department of Practical Theology, University of Pretoria, South Africa	This article revealed the degree of trauma experienced by male adolescents when their fathers are absent. The cost of this absence could not be balanced with the material benefits the children have enjoyed, for the benefits have been outweighed by the trauma that children experience in the absence of their fathers. The emotions and tears expressed during the research journey have revealed that material support cannot compensate for the love and presence children expect from their fathers. The deep hurt instilled in their hearts by the periods of absence angered them and led to traumatic experiences. The protracted period of living with only one primary caregiver has imprisoned them into the feminised environment, thereby robbing them of a male identity. Therefore, this article was devoted to creating a shepherding model of caring for boys whose fathers are absent. © 2012. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84961314114	The impact and effects of trauma resulting from excommunication	Kubeka M.J., Masango M.J.	2010	HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies	66	1	10.4102/hts.v66i1.803	Department of Practical Theology, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Kubeka, M.J., Department of Practical Theology, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Masango, M.J., Department of Practical Theology, University of Pretoria, South Africa	This article will attempt to critically analyse various aspects of the state of trauma. It will analyse the impact, consequences and effects of trauma resultant from excommunication of clergy and how the practice has been handed down through the ages. The ultimate aim of the authors is an understanding of how excommunication evolved throughout the ages and the nature of its impact on the victims or survivors thereof. The author’s own first-hand encounter prompted him to research this subject. It is imperative to look at the scientific application of the ritual as it affects all the stakeholders and participants, active or passive. An overview of various biblical eras will be given, including the Old Testament prophets, Christ’s own views as well as the period of St Paul in the New Testament. © 2010. The Authors.	Effects; Impact; Pain; Stories; Trauma	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84936945934	The 2007 Dutch reformed church synod resolution: Impact on gay ministers	van Loggerenberg M.	2015	HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies	71	3	10.4102/hts.v71i3.2894	Department of Practical Theology, University of Pretoria, South Africa	van Loggerenberg, M., Department of Practical Theology, University of Pretoria, South Africa	At the 2007 General Synod of the Dutch Reformed Church (DRC), a compromise resolution was accepted regarding homosexual members. The resolution, inter alia, requires of gay ministers to remain celibate as a prerequisite to be legitimated. This research is a qualitative inquiry to evaluate the impact this resolution has on the lives of gay ministers and gay candidate ministers. Apart from doing a literature study Narrative and Post-foundational perspectives were obtained by interviewing six gay ministers and/or candidate ministers as co-researchers, and also by engaging in dialogue with interdisciplinary experts from Sociology, Psychology and Law. From the stories told by the gay ministers and/or gay candidate ministers, certain themes emerged, revealing the immense impact caused by the resolution. © 2015, The Authors.	None	None	None
None	None	Impact of atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) on the treatment profile in pilot government dental clinics in tanzania	Kikwilu E.N., Frencken J., Mulder J.	2009	BMC Oral Health	9	1	10.1186/1472-6831-9-14	Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65014, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Nijmegen International Centre for Oral Health Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, College of Dental Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, College of Dental Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands	Kikwilu, E.N., Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65014, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Frencken, J., Nijmegen International Centre for Oral Health Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, College of Dental Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Mulder, J., Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, College of Dental Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands	Background. The predominant mode of treatment in government dental clinics in Tanzania has been tooth extraction because the economy could not support the conventional restorative care which depends on expensive equipment, electricity and piped water systems. Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) was perceived as a suitable alternative. A 3.5-year study was designed to document the changes in the treatment profiles ascribed to the systematic introduction of ART in pilot government dental clinics. Methods. Dental practitioners who were working in 13 government dental clinics underwent a 7-day ART training. Treatment record data on teeth extracted and teeth restored by the conventional and ART approaches were collected from these clinics for the three study periods. The mean percentage of ART restorations to total treatment, ART restorations to total restorations, and total restorations to total treatments rendered were computed. Differences between variables were determined by ANOVA, t-test and Chi-square. Results. The mean percentage of ART restorations to total treatment rendered was 0.4 (SE = 0.5) and 11.9 (SE = 1.1) during the baseline and second follow-up period respectively (ANOVA mixed model; P &lt; 0.0001). The mean percentage of ART restorations to total restorations rendered at baseline and 2ndfollow-up period was 8.4% and 88.9% respectively (ANOVA mixed model; P &lt; 0.0001). The mean percentage of restorations to total treatment rendered at baseline and 2ndfollow-up was 3.9% and 13.0%, respectively (ANOVA mixed model; P &lt; 0.0001). Ninety-nine percent of patients were satisfied with ART restorations, 96.6% willing to receive ART restoration again in future, and 94.9% willing to recommend ART treatment to their close relatives. Conclusion. ART introduction in pilot government dental clinics raised the number of teeth saved by restorative care. Countrywide introduction of the ART approach in Tanzania is recommended. © 2009 Kikwilu et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84945341623	Participant evaluation of an education module on interprofessional collaboration for students in healthcare studies	Tsakitzidis G., Timmermans O., Callewaert N., Truijen S., Meulemans H., Van Royen P.	2015	BMC Medical Education	15	1	10.1186/s12909-015-0477-0	Department of Primary and Interdisciplinary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Nursing and Midwifery Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for Research and Innovation in Care, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Hz University of Applied Sciences, Vlissingen, Netherlands; Department of Health Sciences, Artesis-Plantijn University College of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Sociology and Research, Centre for Longitudinal and Life Course Studies, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Centre for Health Systems Research and Development, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Tsakitzidis, G., Department of Primary and Interdisciplinary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Timmermans, O., Department of Nursing and Midwifery Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for Research and Innovation in Care, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium, Hz University of Applied Sciences, Vlissingen, Netherlands; Callewaert, N., Department of Health Sciences, Artesis-Plantijn University College of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Truijen, S., Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Meulemans, H., Department of Sociology and Research, Centre for Longitudinal and Life Course Studies, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium, Centre for Health Systems Research and Development, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Van Royen, P., Department of Primary and Interdisciplinary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium	Background: Interprofessional collaboration is considered a key-factor to deliver the highest quality of care. Interprofessional collaboration (IPC) assumes a model of working together, in particular with awareness of the process of interprofessional collaboration, to develop an integrated and cohesive answer to the needs of the client/family/population. Educational modules are developed in response to a perceived need to improve interprofessional collaboration for the benefit of patientcare. Up until 2005 no explicit module on interprofessional collaboration existed in the education programs of the Antwerp University Association (AUHA). During a decade the 'Interprofessional Collaboration In Healthcare (IPCIHC) - module' is organised and evaluated by its participants. Methods: One group, post-test design was used to gather data from the participating students using a structured questionnaire. Data was collected between March 2005 and March 2014 from participating final year students in healthcare educational programs. Results: 3568 (84 % overall response) students evaluated the IPCIHC module from 2005 up to 2014. Over 80 % of the participants were convinced the IPCIHC increased their knowledge and changed their understanding that it will impact their future professional relationships, and felt a greater understanding about problem-solving in healthcare teams. Even though the results indicate that the goals of the IPCIHC module were achieved, less than 60 % of the participants experienced a change in attitude towards other professional groups. Conclusions: Despite the positive outcomes from the participants, the challenge still remains to keep on educating future healthcare providers in interprofessional collaboration in order to achieve an increase in interprofessional behaviour towards other professional groups. Research is needed to investigate the effectiveness of undergraduate programs on the quality and safety of patientcare in practice. © 2015 Tsakitzidis et al.	Collaborate; Education; Healthcare; Interprofessional	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-52949099533	Instructional leadership for quality learning: An assessment of the impact of the primary school management development project in Botswana	Pansiri O.N.	2008	Educational Management Administration and Leadership	36	4	10.1177/1741143208095789	Department of Primary Education, University of Botswana, 4775 Notwane Road, Gaborone, Botswana	Pansiri, O.N., Department of Primary Education, University of Botswana, 4775 Notwane Road, Gaborone, Botswana	A descriptive study using questionnaires was conducted in 2004 to assess the effectiveness of instructional leadership displayed by primary school management teams following the implementation of the Primary School Management Project in Botswana. Leadership skills, Coordination of instructional activities, management of curriculum and quality of learners were key variables that guided the study. Respondents were 240 primary school teachers including school heads and 575 learners. Data were analyzed descriptively through the use of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program using frequencies and percentages. The results reveal school management teams' lack of interpersonal skills necessary for classroom supervision, inability to mobilize parents to participate in school instructional improvement activities, teachers' unauthorized use of corporal punishment and lack of creativeness and innovativeness for management of curriculum change. Regarding quality of learning, the study identifies learners' inability and lack of freedom for self-expression and inadequate acquisition of basic literacy skill at varying degrees between rural and urban schools. © 2008 BELMAS.	Instructional leadership; Instructional supervision; Pedagogical leadership; School improvement; Transformational leadership	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70349397520	Evaluation of wear severity in pipeline	Achebo J.I.	2009	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	4	1	None	Department of Production Engineering, University of Benin, Nigeria	Achebo, J.I., Department of Production Engineering, University of Benin, Nigeria	The severity of wear occurrence in a pipeline was evaluated by applying the particle mass loading equation, stoke number and determining the mass transfer coefficient. These parameters examine the particle-particle and particle-pipe wall interaction pattern. Various laboratory experimental tests were done to determine the effect of particles on pipe walls and a range of values for the particle mass loading and stokes number were determined. These values became the interpretation criteria for analyzing results and suggesting recommendations. However, from this research result, the particle mass loading of 0.82, stokes number of 1.20 and mass transfer coefficient of 6.06 W m-2 °C were obtained. These values show that there was strong evidence of particle-wall interaction, which could have caused wear. When the pipe under study was cut into sections and visual examination was carried out, it was observed that cutting wear actually occurred in the internal geometry of the pipe. The severity of the wear is attributed to the small diameter of the pipeline under study; the size, coupled with the agglomerated stones is believed to have allowed for close particle wall interaction. From the findings, pipes whose depth of cut is high enough to significantly affect their load bearing capacity should be changed and sizable particles should be removed from the flow system to avoid wear. © Medwell Journals, 2009.	Heat transfer coefficient; Mass transfer coefficient; Number; Particle mass loading; Pipeline; Stoke; Wear	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897906736	Microfinance and women's health: An evaluation of women's health behaviors in Jimma, Ethiopia	Collier S., Tesfaye M., Henderson T., Abafita J., Tarbi E., Pietras A., Chemali Z.	2014	International Journal of Culture and Mental Health	7	2	10.1080/17542863.2012.734839	Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States; Department of Psychiatry, College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Jimma University State Hospital, Jimma, Ethiopia; Law Offices of Tanya Henderson, Boston, United States; Department of Economics, College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Jimma, Ethiopia; Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States	Collier, S., Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States; Tesfaye, M., Department of Psychiatry, College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Jimma University State Hospital, Jimma, Ethiopia; Henderson, T., Law Offices of Tanya Henderson, Boston, United States; Abafita, J., Department of Economics, College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Jimma, Ethiopia; Tarbi, E., Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Pietras, A., Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Chemali, Z., Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States	Microfinance programs in Ethiopia have existed since the late-1970s, but the relationship between microfinance and women's health has not been extensively investigated. This paper reports on a study evaluating the characteristics of a sample of women participating in microfinance operations with health outcomes, as measured by a health check up in the past year and knowledge about family planning methods. A total of 100 women were selected for the study at a microfinance office in Jimma, Ethiopia, to answer a 48-question survey designed to investigate the characteristics of participation in microfinance in relation to: (1) healthy habits, as assessed by medical check-ups and knowledge of family planning methods, (2) education, (3) demographics, (4) decision-making abilities within their household, (5) access to borrowing money from another individual or institution and (6) domestic violence. The study showed that women participating in microfinance operations were likely to have had a medical check up in the past year and that they were likely to acknowledge awareness of family planning methods. Additionally, we found that the women's education level is associated with knowledge of family planning. These results together suggest that the women participating in microfinance operations in Jimma, Ethiopia engage in healthy behavior practices. © 2012 © 2012 Taylor & Francis.	Ethiopia; health behavior; microfinance; women's health	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941259017	Cognitive performance during the first year of treatment in first-episode schizophrenia: A case-control study	Olivier M.R., Killian S., Chiliza B., Asmal L., Schoeman R., Oosthuizen P.P., Kidd M., Emsley R.	2015	Psychological Medicine	45	13	10.1017/S0033291715000860	Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Campus, PO Box 19063, Cape Town, South Africa; Centre for Statistical Consultation, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Olivier, M.R., Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Campus, PO Box 19063, Cape Town, South Africa; Killian, S., Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Campus, PO Box 19063, Cape Town, South Africa; Chiliza, B., Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Campus, PO Box 19063, Cape Town, South Africa; Asmal, L., Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Campus, PO Box 19063, Cape Town, South Africa; Schoeman, R., Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Campus, PO Box 19063, Cape Town, South Africa; Oosthuizen, P.P., Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Campus, PO Box 19063, Cape Town, South Africa; Kidd, M., Centre for Statistical Consultation, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Emsley, R., Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Campus, PO Box 19063, Cape Town, South Africa	Background Several questions remain unanswered regarding the magnitude and time course of cognitive improvement in response to antipsychotic treatment. The purpose of this study was to assess changes in cognitive performance in antipsychotic-naive or minimally medicated patients with first-episode schizophrenia during the first 12 months of treatment, in a case-control design. Patients were treated with flupenthixol decanoate depot injection, according to a standard algorithm. The primary outcome measure was change in MATRICS Cognitive Consensus Battery (MCCB) composite score over 12 months. Method The sample comprised 92 patients and 100 healthy controls matched for age, sex, ethnicity and educational status. Cognitive function was assessed by means of the MCCB. Results A mixed-effects model identified a significant group × time effect (p ≤ 0.0001) for the MCCB composite score, with patients showing a greater degree of change than the controls. For the other MCCB domains there were significant group × time effects at adjusted significance level for attention and vigilance (p ≤ 0.0001), visual learning (p ≤ 0.0001), verbal learning (p = 0.005) and working memory (p ≤ 0.0001), but not for reasoning and problem solving (p = 0.04), speed of processing (p = 0.03) and social cognition (p = 0.06). There were moderate correlations between change in MCCB composite score and change in symptomatology as assessed by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale factor analysis-derived domains. Conclusions Substantial improvements in cognitive function were observed over and above a practice effect, and were significantly correlated with improvements in psychopathology and functionality. © 2015 Cambridge University Press.	Flupenthixol decanoate; neurocognition; outcome; psychosis	None	National Research Foundation; MRC, National Research Foundation
Scopus	2-s2.0-84887087518	Performance Appraisal or Praising Performance? The Culture of Rhetoric in Performance Management in Ghana Civil Service	Bawole J.N., Hossain F., Domfeh K.A., Bukari H.Z., Sanyare F.	2013	International Journal of Public Administration	36	13	10.1080/01900692.2013.773030	Department of Public Administration, University of Ghana Business School, Accra, Ghana; Institute for Development Policy and Management, School of Environment and Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Social, Political and Historical Studies, University for Development Studies, Wa, Ghana	Bawole, J.N., Department of Public Administration, University of Ghana Business School, Accra, Ghana; Hossain, F., Institute for Development Policy and Management, School of Environment and Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Domfeh, K.A., Department of Public Administration, University of Ghana Business School, Accra, Ghana; Bukari, H.Z., Institute for Development Policy and Management, School of Environment and Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Sanyare, F., Department of Social, Political and Historical Studies, University for Development Studies, Wa, Ghana	This article examines the practice of performance appraisal as a critical element of administrative culture in the Ghana Civil Service (CS). It relies on three focus group discussions with senior civil servants to analyze the practice and its implications for performance of civil servants in Ghana. The article argues that: leadership seldom gives the needed attention to this administrative practice; the process lacks objectivity; it is fraught with superstition, spirituality, and fear; appraisers are rarely trained; and civil servants only become more interested in performance appraisals (PAs) during promotion-related interviews. The article therefore concludes that this process has become rhetoric rather than an important practice and that performance only gets praised rather than being appraised. The article recommends an overhaul of the PA system by integrating it into a holistic performance management program; integrating PA training into civil service mandatory training programs; and the revision and computerization of the PA system. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	administrative culture; Ghana Civil Service; performance appraisal; performance management; rhetoric	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941279506	The impact of learning by thought on violations of independence and coalescing	Birnbaum M.H., Schmidt U.	2015	Decision Analysis	12	3	10.1287/deca.2015.0316	Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, United States; Department of Economics, University of Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, Kiel, Germany; Kiel Institute for the World Economy, Kiel, Germany; Department of Economics and Econometrics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	Birnbaum, M.H., Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, United States; Schmidt, U., Department of Economics, University of Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, Kiel, Germany, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, Kiel, Germany, Department of Economics and Econometrics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	This paper reports results from a repeated experiment on decision making under risk where subjects must address the same choice problems in several rounds. We investigate how behavior changes in the course of the experiment. The design focuses on choice problems allowing for direct tests of independence and coalescing. We show that inconsistencies in responses as well as violations of independence and coalescing decrease from earlier to later rounds. Our results provide evidence in favor of expected utility in conjunction with the discovered preference hypothesis. © 2015 INFORMS.	Coalescing; Errors; Experiment; Independence axiom; Splitting effects	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34547653550	Evaluation of the effects of vocational choice and practical training on students' employability	Kagaari J.R.K.	2007	Journal of European Industrial Training	31	6	10.1108/03090590710772640	Department of Psychology, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda	Kagaari, J.R.K., Department of Psychology, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda	Purpose - The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the need for Kyambogo to pay special attention to students' vocational choices, university based training and employability. Design/methodology/approach - The sample of 46 final year students, 90 graduates and 50 supervisors using cross sectional survey design was used to collect data. Findings - The paper reveals that factors such as government policies and regulations, people we interact and relate with for instance, parents, teachers, peers and other factors like our aspirations, interests, subjects studied at school have a significant bearing on our vocational choices. Practical training, curriculum followed in teaching and industrial training are relevant for electrical graduates in their preparation for employment challenges. Practical implications - This paper calls for involvement of stakeholders in design, implementation and evaluation of the university curriculum. That there should be vigorous and rigorous regular evaluation of training of electrical engineers to meet the ever-changing needs of employers. Originality/value - This paper presents a new approach to critical thinking young adulthood vocational choices, university based-training and employability of electrical engineering graduates. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Career development; Students; Training; Uganda; Vocational training	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77951583587	Performance management practices, information and communication technology (ICT) adoption and managed performance	Kagaari J.R.K., Munene J.C., Ntayi J.M.	2010	Quality Assurance in Education	18	2	10.1108/09684881011035330	Department of Psychology, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda; Makerere University Business School, Nakawa, Uganda	Kagaari, J.R.K., Department of Psychology, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda; Munene, J.C., Makerere University Business School, Nakawa, Uganda; Ntayi, J.M., Makerere University Business School, Nakawa, Uganda	Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the need for managers of public universities to pay attention to performance management practices and information communication technology (ICT) adoption in order to achieve successful managed performance. Design/methodology/approach: Using a disproportionate stratified purposive approach, a sample of 900 employees was drawn from four public universities in Uganda. Findings: The results revealed that performance management practices that are vested in agency relations and goal setting with ICT adoption are necessary in the achievement of managed performance in public universities. Practical implications: Building a positive employer-employee relationship and involving employees in setting goals and targets is crucial for successful management of organisations. ICT adoption will further facilitate service quality, service delivery and cost reduction. Originality/value: This paper calls for a new approach to managing employees in public universities in developing countries and Uganda in particular. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Performance management; Uganda; Universities	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84877739095	Evaluation of toxic effects of lambdacyhalothrin on the haematology and selected biochemical parameters of African catfish Clarias gariepinus	Yekeen T.A., Fawole O.O., Bakare A.A.	2013	Zoology and Ecology	23	1	10.1080/21658005.2013.767613	Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P. M. B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Yekeen, T.A., Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P. M. B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Fawole, O.O., Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P. M. B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Bakare, A.A., Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	The potential acute and chronic toxic effects of lambdacyhalothrin (LCT) on African catfish Clarias gariepinus were evaluated. Lethal concentrations (LC) were determined using 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 ppm of LCT. Haematological and biochemical parameters were evaluated on fish treated with 0.001, 0.005, 0.010 and 0.025 ppm of LCT. Blood samples were collected on the 15th, 30th, 45th and 60th day of exposure and 60th day of recovery. Fish treated with LCT showed behavioural abnormalities compared to the control, which included reduced swimming activity, loss of equilibrium, vertical hanging and air gulping. The LC50 values of LCT were 0.571, 0.380, 0.337 and 0.325 ppm at the exposure time of 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively. Significant reductions (p≤0.05) were observed in the packed cell volume, red blood cell count and haemoglobin concentration values in exposed fish. Initial increase in the value of the white blood cell count was observed, which later declined. Serum glucose increased significantly (p≤0.05), while globulin decreased significantly. Albumin did not show any significant difference among tested concentrations. The results revealed that the emulsifiable concentrate form of LCT caused reduction in haematological and biochemical parameters of C. gariepinus. The data obtained in this study provide more information on the potential impacts of LCT on non-target organisms and thus will assist in future ecotoxicological evaluations. Copyright © 2013 Nature Research Centre.	Biochemical; Clarias gariepinus; Haematology; Lambdacyhalothrin; Protein	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80051611450	Conceptions and practices in teaching and learning: Implications for the evaluation of teaching quality	Zerihun Z., Beishuizen J., van Willem O.S.	2011	Quality in Higher Education	17	2	10.1080/13538322.2011.582793	Department of Psychology, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Center for Educational Training, Assessment and Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands	Zerihun, Z., Department of Psychology, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Beishuizen, J., Department of Psychology, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia; van Willem, O.S., Center for Educational Training, Assessment and Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands	This study was conducted in two public universities in Ethiopia to assess the impact of conceptions of teaching and learning on the evaluation of teaching quality. Students' and teachers' approaches to teaching and learning and their conceptions of the meaning of teaching have been examined. Results indicated that both teachers and students predominantly perceive teaching as transmitting knowledge and assessment as recall of factual knowledge. For the students, the mean values for teaching as transmitting knowledge and assessment as recall of facts were significantly correlated. The experiences and conceptions of both teachers and students reflect a teacher-focused approach to teaching and learning. The teaching evaluation questionnaire also reflects teacher performance as indicator of effectiveness. Improving the measure should be considered as a means of changing teachers' and students' conceptions of teaching and learning. © 2011 Taylor & Francis.	Feedback from students; Feedback to students; Higher education; Quality; Teaching and learning conceptions; Teaching evaluation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84855408884	Evaluation of HIV/AIDS prevention-reduction services of Anambra state (Nigeria) action campagne (Ansaca) from 2004- 2006	Ezeokana J.O., Ntomchukwu M.S., Bernardette E., Nnedum O.A.U.	2012	European Journal of Social Sciences	27	2	None	Department of Psychology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; Department of Psychology, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria; Department of Science Education, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria; Department of Psychology, Nnamdi Azikiwe	Ezeokana, J.O., Department of Psychology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; Ntomchukwu, M.S., Department of Psychology, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria; Bernardette, E., Department of Science Education, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria; Nnedum, O.A.U., Department of Psychology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria	The aim of the study is to independently evaluate the success reported by the committee of the Anambra State (Nigeria) Action Campaign (ANSACA) on reduction of the risk of contracting and spreading HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted illness (STI) among heterosexually active young people. The evaluation of intervention efficacy includes assessment of the impact of the skill based intervention to high risk sexual behaviour outcome - sexual negotiation. Results derived from a survey of 147 at-higher-risk young people (Nigerians) from three urban city centres in Anambra State empirically established the predictor-criterion relationship of ANSACA's HIV/AIDS prevention training to participant's attitudinal dispositions to high risk heterosexual behaviour. Further research to examine the "harder" measures of HIV/AIDS prevention related to social skill training outcomes is recommended. The findings were discussed in the light of Attitude-Behaviour Consistency Theory (Fishbien & Ajzen, 1977). © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2012.	Anambra state (Nigeria) action campaign (Ansaca) programme; Evaluation; Heterosexually active young people; Reduction of risk of contracting and spreading HIV/AIDS; Sexually transmitted illness (STI)	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78650022217	Practitioner guidelines for career counselling in light of cross-cultural influences on WAIS-III IQ test performance	Shuttleworth-Edwards A.B.	2010	Journal of Psychology in Africa	20	3	None	Department of Psychology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa	Shuttleworth-Edwards, A.B., Department of Psychology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa	This article consists of two aspects, Including: (i) The delineation of WAIS-III normative date derived from prior research conducted by the present author (Shuttleworth-Edwards et al., 2004) in respect of a black African first language sample in the age range 19-30, stratified for level and quality of education; and (ii) The presentation of two case vignettes in order to illustrate the utility of these norms. The WAIS-III normative scores for the black African first language groups with advantaged education are commensurate with the USA standardization, whereas for black African first language participants with disadvantaged education scores fall in the Borderline Impairedand Low Average ranges for Grade 12s and Graduates, respectively. The two case vignettes highlight the need to take account of such culturally induced performance decrements on the standard administration the WAIS-III, in order to facilitate reality based indications concerning educational and career possibilities. In particular, there is the risk of underestimating potential in black African first language populations with relatively disadvantaged education.	African; Culture; Language; Qualitative; WAIS-III	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84866883494	'Seeing is believing': The effect of viewing and constructing a composite on identification performance	Kempen K., Tredoux C.G.	2012	South African Journal of Psychology	42	3	None	Department of Psychology, University of Cape Town, South Africa	Kempen, K., Department of Psychology, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Tredoux, C.G., Department of Psychology, University of Cape Town, South Africa	This experiment investigated the effects of composite construction and viewing on later identification recognition accuracy. A total of 122 participants were exposed to a composite target for five seconds and then randomly assigned to one of three groups: control, view, or construction. Participants in the construction group were required to produce a composite of the original target. Participants in the view group were exposed to a composite created by another participant (a constructor). The control group completed a distractor task. After a delay, all participants returned to select the target from a lineup. Individual lineups were created for each participant. Lineups were constructed by blending the participant's construction with the target face to form a graded lineup of similar faces. The construction group performed significantly more poorly than the control group (51.22% vs. 23.26%) and target identifications were also lower for the view group compared to the control group (26.23% vs. 51.22%). This study showed similar results to those of previous work, indicating that composite construction decreases identification performance. Furthermore, mere exposure to a composite may also contaminate the memory trace for the original target.	Blends; Composites; Construction; Eyewitness; Identification; Lineups; Morphing; Recognition; Testimony	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-72849126411	A qualitative study of the multiple impacts of external workplace violence in two Western Cape communities	Bowman B., Crafford A., Bhamjee F., Eagle G.	2009	South African Journal of Psychology	39	3	None	Department of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Programme in Industrial Psychology, University of Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Bowman, B., Department of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Crafford, A., Programme in Industrial Psychology, University of Johannesburg, South Africa; Bhamjee, F., Department of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa; Eagle, G., Programme in Industrial Psychology, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	We explore the individual, organisational, familial, and community impacts of external workplace violence in a South African telecommunications company, as perceived and experienced by victims of such violence and the members of management mandated to manage and prevent it. Exposure to violence while working dramatically and directly affected the lives of the individual victims. Moreover, its impacts were felt across and within the organisational, familial, and community settings in which these individuals are located daily. The use of conventional crisis management strategies that are traditionally directed at addressing the individual impacts of trauma through specialised psychological interventions were perceived to be ineffective by all of the research participants. Our findings therefore call into question current understandings of the psychologist's role in managing violence in the workplace. Accordingly, ways of re-conceptualising the role and requisite skill set of psychologists working with or in organisations, where violence while working is an everyday reality, are suggested. © Psychological Society of South Africa. All rights reserved.	Psychologist in the workplace; Trauma; Violence; Work; Workplace violence	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-67649258471	Three dimensional spatial perception and academic performance in engineering graphics: A longitudinal investigation	Potter C., Kaufman W., Delacour J., Mokone M., Van Merwe E.D., Fridjhon P.	2009	South African Journal of Psychology	39	1	None	Department of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; School of Mechanical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; School of Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Potter, C., Department of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Kaufman, W., Department of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Delacour, J., Department of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Mokone, M., Department of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Van Merwe, E.D., School of Mechanical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Fridjhon, P., School of Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	In this paper we examine the longitudinal relationship between three dimensional spatial perception and pass rates in engineering graphics, a course requiring ability to use visualisation in engineering drawing and design. Our studies have focused on the development and evaluation of high imagery course materials for engineering students, providing evidence of gains in three dimensional spatial perception in response to this type of instruction. These findings are consistent over a twenty year period, and suggest that abilities to use perception and mental imagery are not fixed or culturally exclusive abilities, but respond to instruction and mediation. © Psychological Society of South Africa. All rights reserved.	Cognitive processes; Mental imagery; Perception; Spatial ability; Technical education; Visualization	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77949819390	The impact of an interim protection order (domestic violence act 116 of 1998) on the victims of domestic violence	Vogt T., Greeff A.P.	2010	Families in Society	91	1	10.1606/1044-3894.3958	Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa	Vogt, T., Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; Greeff, A.P., Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa	The primary objectives of this study were to determine the impact of the interim protection order (IPO) on the nature and extent of domestic violence, the general well-being of the victims of domestic violence, and the efficiency of the application procedure for the IPO. A pretest-posttest quasi-experimental research design was used on an experimental (n = 884) and a control (n = 125) group. The results indicated that the IPO had a significant impact on certain aspects of physical, psychological, and social well-being and in some areas of domestic violence. The IPO did not have a significant impact on the participants' experiences of their personal, communal, environmental, and transcendental well-being. Application procedures were found to be satisfactory in most areas. © 2010 Alliance for Children and Families.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33847693912	Exploring the interaction between comorbid psychiatric and medical diagnoses: The potential impact of borderline personality disorder on adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)	Nel J., Smith M.R.	2006	South African Journal of Psychology	36	4	None	Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Nel, J., Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Smith, M.R., Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	It is well documented that patient adherence to medical advice and prescription medication is suboptimal. While the reasons for non-compliance are varied and complex, it is essential that they be expounded to facilitate the efficacy of medical interventions. In no other illness is this more pertinent than with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has become the first line of treatment for HIV, but stringent adherence is a prerequisite for therapeutic efficacy. As with other treatments, adherence to HAART is problematic. One factor that may play a significant role is if the patient has a comorbid psychiatric illness. This article provides a theoretical exposition of how a patient with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) might suffer innumerable exigencies with adherence as a hypothesised function of the individual properties of his or her illness that is likely to be compounded when the properties interact with one another. © Psychological Society of South Africa. All rights reserved.	Adherence; Borderline personality disorder (BPD); Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART); Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); Non-compliance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901945863	The behavioral impact of foster care towards middle-aged children and adolescents on their families of origin: A case study in Alice Township	Pitso T., Maxhela N., Xhongo K., Vazi T.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	10 SPEC. ISSUE	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n10p644	Department of Psychology, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa; Department of Social Work, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa	Pitso, T., Department of Psychology, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa; Maxhela, N., Department of Social Work, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa; Xhongo, K., Department of Social Work, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa; Vazi, T., Department of Social Work, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa	Provision of care for children who have been taken from their families can be viewed as being a potentially unconvincing and fragile process in our black communities. Since 1994 the South African Government has increasingly adopted a social agenda, channeling a significant amount of effort and resources towards identifying vulnerable groups in society, crafting legislation that would protect their interests and developing and implementing programmes and strategies to support them. The qualitative study assessed the behavioural impact of children in foster care and also behavioural impact towards their families of origin in Alice, Eastern Cape Province. The open-ended questionnaires were used to collect data from 30 participants, who gave a voluntary consent. The findings of the study are that today the vulnerabilities of children, the youth, and the disabled are still inextricably linked to harsh apartheid-era legislation aimed at subjugating black South Africans and are further exacerbated by systemic poverty and inequality which continuous to manifest itself along a racial divide. Recommendations made are that there should be immediate filling of vacant posts, induction of new social workers, and provision of adequate services to liaise foster cares with the families' origin of these children.	Adolescence; Behaviour; Care; Foster; Impact; Middle childhood	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84902885581	Do core self-evaluations and coping style influence the perception of job insecurity?	Låstad L., Berntson E., Näswall K., Sverke M.	2014	European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology	23	5	10.1080/1359432X.2013.800678	Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand; WorkWell: Research Unit for People, Policy and Performance, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa	Låstad, L., Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Berntson, E., Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Näswall, K., Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand; Sverke, M., Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, WorkWell: Research Unit for People, Policy and Performance, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa	Over the last few decades, increased flexibility and lack of stability in employment has made job insecurity a work stressor that affects more and more employees. Since worrying about potential job loss (quantitative job insecurity) or possible loss of valued job features (qualitative job insecurity) constitutes a subjective perception, it has been claimed that personality factors may be decisive for job insecurity perceptions. Furthermore, the perception of a stressor, in this case job insecurity, could be argued to be dependent on appraisals of available coping resources. This study investigates whether core self-evaluations predict job insecurity perceptions, and whether coping mediates this relationship, in a two-wave data set from a Swedish sample of white-collar workers (N = 425). The results show that core self-evaluations had a negative total effect on both qualitative and quantitative job insecurity. Core self-evaluations were positively related to problem-focused coping but not to emotion-focused coping. However, there was no mediating effect of coping style on the association between core self-evaluations and job insecurity. © 2014 Taylor & Francis.	Coping; Core self-evaluations; Job insecurity; Mediation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84923169609	Evaluation of the Financial Threat Scale (FTS) in four European, non-student samples	Marjanovic Z., Greenglass E.R., Fiksenbaum L., De Witte H., Garcia-Santos F., Buchwald P., Peiró J.M., Mañas M.A.	2015	Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics	55	None	10.1016/j.socec.2014.12.001	Department of Psychology, Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC, Canada; Department of Psychology, York University, Canada; Department of Psychology, KU Leuven, Belgium; Department of Psychology, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark Campus, South Africa; Cognition and Context Unit, ISPA University Institute, Portugal; School of Education, University of Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Psychology, University of Valencia, Spain; Department of Psychology, University of Almería, Spain	Marjanovic, Z., Department of Psychology, Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC, Canada; Greenglass, E.R., Department of Psychology, York University, Canada; Fiksenbaum, L., Department of Psychology, York University, Canada; De Witte, H., Department of Psychology, KU Leuven, Belgium, Department of Psychology, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark Campus, South Africa; Garcia-Santos, F., Cognition and Context Unit, ISPA University Institute, Portugal; Buchwald, P., School of Education, University of Wuppertal, Germany; Peiró, J.M., Department of Psychology, University of Valencia, Spain; Mañas, M.A., Department of Psychology, University of Almería, Spain	The Financial Threat Scale (FTS) was designed to assess levels of fear, uncertainty, and preoccupation about the stability and security of one's finances. In previous research with Canadian university students, it was shown that the FTS was a psychometrically sound measure, associated with failing personal financial conditions, threat-related personality characteristics, and depreciated psychological health. The present investigation further examines the FTS in a diverse set of non-student European samples. Data were collected in four countries using a self-report questionnaire which included measures of ones' financial situation, personality, and psychological health. Results were highly similar to the findings of the previous study. The FTS is unidimensional, reliable, and its validity was supported by moderate statistical relations with variables such as job insecurity, self-esteem, and emotional exhaustion. Importantly, financial threat was higher in countries that fared poorly in the recent financial crisis than countries that fared well, and it mediated the relation between economic hardship and psychological well-being. Implications for researchers are discussed. © 2015 Elsevier Inc.	Economic recession; Financial threat; Individual differences; Psychological health; Uncertainty	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939965653	Social Change in Mongolia and South Africa: The Impact of Relative Deprivation Trajectory and Group Status on Well-Being and Adjustment to Change	de la Sablonnière R., Tougas F., Taylor D.M., Crush J., McDonald D., Perenlei O.R.	2015	Social Justice Research	28	1	10.1007/s11211-015-0236-8	Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, Canada; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada; University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa; National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia	de la Sablonnière, R., Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, Canada; Tougas, F., University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Taylor, D.M., McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Crush, J., Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa; McDonald, D., Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada; Perenlei, O.R., National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia	During times of profound social change, people’s psychological well-being is related to their assessment of their path from the past to the future [temporal relative deprivation (RD)]. A first survey conducted in Mongolia (n = 480) and data from a representative population survey conducted in South Africa (n = 2,711) are used to explore whether the status of one’s group during a time of dramatic social change moderates the relationship between temporal RD and well-being. Black South Africans and Mongolians (low-status group members) reported the highest well-being if they reported RD levels would decrease over time (even higher than group members who reported low but steady levels of RD). However, White South Africans (high-status group members) reported the lowest levels of well-being if they reported high and steady levels of RD (even in comparison with group members who reported that RD levels would increase over time). The implications of these different patterns and directions for future research are proposed. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York.	Relative deprivation; Resilience; Social change; Status; Well-being	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84869425858	The Psychometric Properties of the Amharic Version of the Children's Impact of Traumatic Events Scale-Revised: A Study on Child Sexual Abuse Survivors in Ethiopia	Wondie Y., Zemene W., Reschke K., Schröder H.	2012	Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma	5	4	10.1080/19361521.2012.728099	Department of Psychology, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia; University of Leipzig, Germany	Wondie, Y., Department of Psychology, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia, University of Leipzig, Germany; Zemene, W., Department of Psychology, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia; Reschke, K., University of Leipzig, Germany; Schröder, H., University of Leipzig, Germany	The study assessed the internal consistency and construct validity of the Amharic version of the Children's Impact of Traumatic Events Scale-Revised (CITES-R). Data was collected from 318 female children. With few exceptions, the result revealed that the internal consistency and the construct validity of the scale were found to be in the expected directions. The mean alpha value for all the scales was 0.71. Social support and empowerment were significantly correlated with the positive self-worth component of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Moreover, intercorrelations between the PTSD symptoms and abuse attributions demonstrated significant positive associations. In conclusion, the Amharic version of the CITES-R was found to be comparable with the original scale and previous studies that employed this instrument. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	child sexual abuse; children's impacts of traumatic events scale; construct validity; Ethiopia; internal consistency	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84857806199	Impact of cultural value system on the personality development of Ogoni adolescents	Nwoke M.B.	2012	Asian Social Science	8	3	10.5539/ass.v8n3p100	Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 41000, Enugu State, Nigeria	Nwoke, M.B., Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 41000, Enugu State, Nigeria	Cultural value system is a very important and significant issue in the life of Ogonis in Nigeria. This is because it is the compendium of their entire life. In this study the first of its kind, the process of ethnic identity formation among the Ogoni adolescents is explored. Sixteen participants (8males and 8 females) completed the semi structured interviews and the qualitative data collected was analysed using a grounded theory approach. Based on the findings of this study, a preliminary understanding of the impact of cultural value system on the personality development among the Ogoni adolescents is presented and discussed in detail. The qualitative interviews unveiled the presence of compulsory rite of passage into man/womanhood called 'koo' and 'yaa' which every Ogoni adolescent boy or girl must partake. Finally through a thematic analysis, cultural values like 'sira-culture', 'masquerade-cult' and 'were-beast-affinity' that impact on the personality of Ogoni adolescents were uncovered.	Adolescents; Culture; Ogoni; Personality; Values system	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84858226639	Unethical behaviour in Nigerian organizational settings: Its evolution, dimensions and impact on national development	Ugwu L.I.	2011	Asian Social Science	7	2	None	Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Ugwu, L.I., Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	A disturbing but unavoidable fact of organizational life is that employees sometimes engage in ethically questionable activities that harm their companies, their co-workers, or the general public. Unethical behaviour in the workplace can take different dimensions ranging from lying, cheating, stealing, sabotage, corruption, to hiding or destruction of official documents. The paper traced the origin of employees' unethical behaviour to the undesirable activities of the colonialists and the corresponding employees' tacit resistance that manifested in the form of unethical behaviour. The employees' undesirable activities were designed to reduce the perceived input-outcome differentials that favoured the colonialists. The questionable ethical activities of the employees have the potential of slowing down the pace of economic development and tarnish the image of the organizations, with gross reduction in public confidence, which invariably deter investors. Consequently, the economic costs of such unethical behaviour in the workplace cannot easily be estimated, but it is likely that billions of Naira is lost annually. The paper contends that individual value system, organizational practices, and wider external environments are some influential factors of unethical behaviour, and therefore, recommends periodic workshops, seminars, and ethics training for employees so that they can internalize high ethical standards in their daily behaviour.	Individual variables and organizational settings; Unethical behaviour	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79952506138	The impact of Age, Gender and social factors on the Vocational Choice among Nigerian adolescents	Basil N.M.	2011	European Journal of Social Sciences	19	4	None	Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Basil, N.M., Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	This study investigated the impact of age, gender and social factors on the vocational choice among Nigerian adolescents. Eight hundred (800) male and female secondary school students sampled from eight secondary schools in Abuja Municipality participated. Participants were 400 junior secondary three (200 males and 200 females, 13-15 years), with a mean age of 14 years; and 400 senior secondary three (200 males and 200 females, 16-18 years) with a mean age of 17 years. Vocational Choice Scale (VCS) was used to test the vocational choice of the students. Results showed, there was significant age impact on adolescents' vocational choice, F (1,790) =30.6P<.001, Gender was significant, F (2,790) =305:7P<.0001. On the interaction effect, age x social factors was significant F (2,790)0020=24.02 P<.001. Gender x social factors was significant F (2,790) =15.28 P<.001. Age x gender x social factors were significant F (2,790) =15.28 P<.001. Age x gender x social factors were significant. F (2,790) =46. 8P<.001 Scheffe test showed that family factors scored the highest in the social factor impact on the vocational choice among students.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84945187846	The mediating role of perceived employability in the relationship between core self-evaluations and job search behaviour	Onyishi I.E., Enwereuzor I.K., Ituma A.N., Omenma J.T.	2015	Career Development International	20	6	10.1108/CDI-09-2014-0130	Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria; Business School, Bournemouth University, United Kingdom; Institute of African Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Onyishi, I.E., Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Enwereuzor, I.K., Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Ituma, A.N., Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria, Business School, Bournemouth University, United Kingdom; Omenma, J.T., Institute of African Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating role of perceived employability in the relationship between core self-evaluations (CSEs) and job search behaviour (preparatory and active job search). Design/methodology/approach – A cross-sectional survey data were obtained among a sample of 254 employed and unemployed graduate students from a university in Southeast Nigeria. Findings – Results of the hierarchical multiple regression show that CSEs was significantly and positively associated with only preparatory job search behaviour but not active job search behaviour. CSEs was positively associated with perceived employability. Perceived employability was positively associated with the preparatory job search but not active job search. Perceived employability also mediated the relationship between CSEs and preparatory job search but failed to mediate the relationship between CSEs and active job search. Research limitations/implications – The study makes important contribution to the literature on job search by augmenting our understanding on the mechanism that govern core self-evaluation and job search behaviour relationship. Practical implications – Human resources practitioners can use the insights of the present study in understanding aspects of jobseekers’ personality and perception that may be relevant in job search behaviour. The study has also implications for career development practice especially in the areas of counselling of job seekers in environments where there is high level of unemployment. Originality/value – There has been rarely any previous attempt at investigating the possibility that the relationship between CSEs and job search behaviour is mediated by perceived employability. © 2015, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Career development; Decision making; Labour market	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956361360	Temperament and character correlates of neuropsychological performance	Cassimjee N., Murphy R.	2010	South African Journal of Psychology	40	2	None	Department of Psychology, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Applied Psychology, University College, Cork, Ireland	Cassimjee, N., Department of Psychology, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Murphy, R., Department of Applied Psychology, University College, Cork, Ireland	We Investigate the association between temperament and character dimensions, on the one hand, and computerised neuropsychological test performance, on the other hand. Temperament and character dimensions were operationalised as scores on the subscales of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), a 240-item measure that Is based on the psychobiologlcal theory of personality. Neuropsychological outcomes were measured on six computerised tests of executive functioning and abstract reasoning from the University of Pennsylvania Computerised Neuropsychological Test Battery (PennCNP). The executive and abstract reasoning tasks included a test of Motor Praxis (MPRAXIS), the Penn Abstraction, Inhibition and Working Memory Task (AIM), the Letter-N-Back (LNB2), the Penn Conditional Exclusion Task (PCET), the Penn Short Logical Reasoning Task (SPVRT) and the Short Raven's Progressive Matrices (SRAVEN). Results from this exploratory study yielded significant associations between neuropsychological performance and temperament and character traits. The temperament traits of Harm Avoidance and Reward Dependence were positively correlated with reaction time on the AIM and the SPVRT. The character dimension of Self-Transcendence was significantly associated with performance accuracy on the AIM and the temperament dimension of Novelty Seeking was inversely related to performance accuracy on the LNB2. These results confirm the importance of addressing the temperament and character correlates of neuropsychological performance in both clinical and non-clinical studies. © Psychological Society of South Africa. All rights reserved.	Character; Executive functioning; Neuropsychology; Personality; Psychobiological theory; Temperament	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901262230	The impact of home language on the understanding of the vocabulary used in the South African version of the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire Fifth Edition	McDonald E., Van Eeden R.	2014	South African Journal of Psychology	44	2	10.1177/0081246314522366	Department of Psychology, University of South Africa, South Africa	McDonald, E., Department of Psychology, University of South Africa, South Africa; Van Eeden, R., Department of Psychology, University of South Africa, South Africa	The aim of this study was to investigate the understanding of the vocabulary used in the South African version of the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire Fifth Edition by native English speakers and non-native English speakers. Two prominent studies investigated the impact of home language when using the earlier version, namely, the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire South African 1992 version. Methodological suggestions following from these studies were implemented in this study and the results for the current version were compared to the findings of the earlier studies. The sample comprised 213 first-year university students from different faculties. Understanding of the vocabulary used was operationalised as the ability to provide synonyms for words used in the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire Fifth Edition. The number of correct responses to each word was reported in frequency tables for each language group and Chi-square analyses provided support for these findings. The average percentage of correct responses was calculated to allow for comparisons. The native English-speaking group performed moderately better. The non-native English-speaking respondents nevertheless performed notably higher in this study when compared to earlier studies. This was attributed partly to the changes in the design of this study. Further comparison between the language groups in this study was done using an independent samples t-test. The mean score obtained by each language group was relatively high, but a significant difference between the groups suggested greater difficulty in understanding in the case of non-native English speakers. These findings were further informed by a preliminary investigation into the level of understanding of different population groups. © The Author(s) 2014.	Assessment; cross-cultural; cross-linguistic; language; personality; Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire Fifth Edition	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-44349185649	Students' evaluations of the use of e-learning in a collaborative project between two South African universities	Rohleder P., Bozalek V., Carolissen R., Leibowitz B., Swartz L.	2008	Higher Education	56	1	10.1007/s10734-007-9091-3	Department of Psychology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Department of Social Work, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Cape Town 7535, South Africa; Centre for Teaching and Learning, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Human Sciences Research Council, Private Bag X9182, Cape Town, South Africa	Rohleder, P., Department of Psychology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Bozalek, V., Department of Social Work, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Cape Town 7535, South Africa; Carolissen, R., Department of Psychology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Leibowitz, B., Centre for Teaching and Learning, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Swartz, L., Department of Psychology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa, Human Sciences Research Council, Private Bag X9182, Cape Town, South Africa	Online learning is increasingly being used in Higher Education, with a number of advantages to online learning being identified. One of these advantages is the suggestion that online learning provides for equality of opportunity. This article reports on students' evaluations of the use of e-learning in a collaborative project between two South African universities. The results highlighted both positive and negative evaluations of the use of e-learning. The positive aspects identified were that e-learning provided for ease of communication between parties, and easy access to information and learning material. Negative aspects identified were that it presented some technical challenges; online communication was disjointed; there was unequal access to computers between students from the two universities; students felt that more face-to-face interaction is needed. The issue of unequal access to computers and the internet is highlighted as a crucial issue for e-learning in the South African context, and for the fostering of a democratising educational discourse. © 2007 Springer Science + Business Media B.V.	Collaborative learning; Democratic learning; E-learning; Higher education; South Africa; Students	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77952744831	Beyond teaching practice: Exploring individual determinants of student performance on a research skills module	Payne J., Israel N.	2010	Learning and Individual Differences	20	3	10.1016/j.lindif.2010.02.005	Department of Psychology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa	Payne, J., Department of Psychology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa; Israel, N., Department of Psychology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa	The purpose of this study was to identify the extent to which intrinsic student factors such as cognitive learning style, learning strategies, motivation and statistics anxiety, as well as certain demographic factors, predict performance on a research design and analysis course (RDAIIA) in the Department of Psychology at the University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa, with a view to developing future interventions for improving student performance. Using a sample of eighty students, it was established that the factors most predictive of RDA performance were secondary school performance (p<0.0001) and age (p=0.0106). Excluding demographic factors, self-efficacy (p<0.0001), help-seeking (p=0.0531) and a reflective learning style (p=0.0071) were also found to be predictive. Performance also differed between students who had completed Mathematics on the higher grade in secondary school and those who had completed standard grade (p=0.016). These findings present both possible directions and substantial challenges for future performance-intervention strategies. © 2010 Elsevier Inc.	Learning; Motivation; Research skills; Statistics; Student factors; University	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955993153	The influence of mode of test administration on test performance	Bhoola-Patel A., Laher S.	2011	Journal of Psychology in Africa	21	1	None	Department of Psychology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits, 2050, South Africa	Bhoola-Patel, A., Department of Psychology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits, 2050, South Africa; Laher, S., Department of Psychology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits, 2050, South Africa	This study examined the influence of mode of test administration (paper based or computer-based) on anxiety leveis and test performance. Participants were 44 learners (males = 22, females = 22) from three schools in Johannesburg, South Africa who completed both a computer and paper version of the Differential Aptitude Test - Form K Non-Verbal Reasoning test, the Computer Attitude Scale, the Computer Anxiety Rating Scale and Sarason's Test Anxiety Scale. Test anxiety was significantly related to both computer and paper based testing. Copyright © 2011 Journal of Psychology in Africa.	Computer anxiety; Computer attitudes; Computerised testing; Paper-and-pencil testing; Test anxiety	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903202538	Critical incidents impact management among South African police service officers	Gumani M.A., Fourie E., Blanche M.T.	2013	Journal of Psychology in Africa	23	3	10.1080/14330237.2013.10820655	Department of Psychology, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou, Pretoria, 0950, South Africa; University of South Africa, South Africa	Gumani, M.A., Department of Psychology, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou, Pretoria, 0950, South Africa; Fourie, E., University of South Africa, South Africa; Blanche, M.T., University of South Africa, South Africa	This article describes and interprets the law enforcement processes of managing critical incidents in a South African police district. Twenty participants from various police units were selected through purposive and theoretical sampling techniques. Data were collected using unstructured open-ended interviews, field notes, diaries and follow-up telephone interviews, and analysed through the constant comparative data analysis method. Findings suggest the police to have individual and in-group preferences for particular inner strategies of coping, as well as the external resources of relying on various formsofsupport from others and professional consultation in the form of debriefing. The study recommends that individualistic and contextual trauma management be considered. Copyright © 2013 Journal of Psychology in Africa.	Grounded theory; Linear and multilateral styles of trauma management; Police critical incidents impact management; Resilience; SAPS; Vicarious traumatisation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-35448992066	The impact of life-long illness on women: A qualitative study of low socio-economic rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients	Naldoo P.	2007	Journal of Psychology in Africa	17	42371	None	Department of Psychology, University of Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa	Naldoo, P., Department of Psychology, University of Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa	The purpose of this qualitative, ethnographic study was to explore the impact of a chronic disease on low socio-economic women with RA In South Africa. Ten women participants with a mean age of 48 years and a mean duration of RA of 10 years were obtained through purposive sampling from a public hospital RA clinic. In-depth individual interviews were conducted as a method of data collection. The interviews were tape recorded and transcribed for the data analysis. Grounded theory analysis was used which produced 3 primary categories around the impact of RA: (1) Physical impact, (2) Social and economic impact, and (3) Psychological Impact; and 5 sub-categories, namely, Pain and poor Functional Status, Change in life-style following a weakened economic position, Change in the constitution of the "Self", Change in the constitution of the "Self" of the spouse/partner, and Depression. Depression, pain and poor functional status are well known health outcomes for RA patients. Perceived change in the psychological concept of the "Self" is less frequently reported. The value of this study is that the concept of the self is further explored in chronically III Individuals as a 'fluid' one, with the potential for undergoing a complete transformation as a consequence of RA. Copyright © 2007 Journal of Psychology in Africa.	Depression; Life-long illness; Pain; Rheumatoid arthritis; Self identity; Women	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896784952	Evaluation of heart rhythm coherence feedback training on physiological and psychological variables	Edwards S.D.	2014	South African Journal of Psychology	44	1	10.1177/0081246313516255	Department of Psychology, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa	Edwards, S.D., Department of Psychology, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa	HeartMath refers to a psychophysiological approach dedicated to helping people establish heartbased living and global coherence through heart rate variability training, especially through heart rhythm coherence feedback. This study investigated the influence of emWave2 heart rhythm coherence feedback learning on standardized measures of physiological coherence, sense of coherence, health, mindfulness, and spirituality perceptions, as experienced and evaluated by a small convenience sample of 10 participants. Six women and four men with a mean age of 44.8 years and an age range from 23 to 78 years completed at least five emWave2 biofeedback sessions, with a mean of 10 sessions and a range from 5 to 15 sessions. Quantitative findings indicated significant improvements on all standardized measures. Qualitative findings indicated meaningful experiences and positive evaluations of the workshop. Integrative findings are discussed in relation to previous and future research. © The Author(s) 2013.	Biofeedback; Health; Heart rhythm; Mindfulness; Physiological coherence; Sense of coherence; Spirituality	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940862434	Attitudinal impact of institutional mechanisms of public accountability and performance among local government workers in Nigeria: A study of Enugu state local governments	Uche A.S., Chukwudi O.R., Nnenna I.A.	2015	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	6	5	10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n5p403	Department of Public Administration and Local Government, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Uche, A.S., Department of Public Administration and Local Government, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Chukwudi, O.R., Department of Public Administration and Local Government, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Nnenna, I.A., Department of Public Administration and Local Government, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Our conviction that there is need for improved services in the local government system provided an impetus for assessing the attitude of local government workers towards the application of institutional mechanisms of public accountability and the effect on performance. 205 local government functionaries completed a questionnaire. The mean age, qualification and length of service of the respondent were 2.5, 2.60 and 2.58 respectively. The hypothesis was tested at 0.5 significant levels using contingency coefficient. The study established that attitude of local government functionaries towards the application of these mechanisms significantly correlate with performance. Implications of these findings are discussed. © 2015, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Attitude; Government accountability; Institutional; Local; Mechanisms	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901931859	The dimensions of oil conflict and impact on Nigeria's federal relations: A review	Akume A.T.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	10 SPEC. ISSUE	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n10p222	Department Of Public Administration, CASSS, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna, Nigeria	Akume, A.T., Department Of Public Administration, CASSS, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna, Nigeria	Conflict is a natural human phenomenon. Its impact is however variegated and dependent on how it is handled. Nigeria is encumbered by conflicts that are occurring along political, social and economic fronts. Oil (petroleum) is an economic resource relevant to Nigeria's development but the disruptive disagreement, discontent and contention oil has continued to generate due to some perceived unfairness has made oil conflict to transcend economic, politics and social lines such that the entire national polity is tensed with strained relationships between groups on the one hand and on the other hand between groups and the state. This disagreement has significantly impaired Nigeria's developmental process. It is against this backdrop that this paper utilizing the documentary method and analytic approach examines the dimensions of oil conflict, the modes of its resolution and its impact on Nigeria.	Amnesty; And resource control; Conflict; Deprivation; Derivation; Frustration; Interest; Militancy; Niger-delta; Oil	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77949397126	Performance evaluation of tertiary care	Njoku J., Eze C.U., Nwobi I.C.	2010	British Journal of Health Care Management	16	2	None	Department of Radiography, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Medical Radiography and Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria; Department of Radiography,	Njoku, J., Department of Radiography, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria; Eze, C.U., Department of Medical Radiography and Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria; Nwobi, I.C., Department of Radiography, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria	Aim: To evaluate the performance of tertiary healthcare institutions in Lagos State, Western Nigeria, with regard to their corporate goal of providing excellent tertiary healthcare services for the community. Methods: One hundred and ten structured questionnaires were distributed by stratified random sampling on healthcare workers in three tertiary healthcare institutions. The survey was first piloted on a separate hospital of equal status in Lagos State, which was not included in the study, after which minor changes were made with regard to presentation and wording. Surveys were completed and returned by 90 healthcare workers, giving a response rate of 82%. The questionnaires were analysed using percentages, frequencies and the chi-square (x2) test. Results: The hospitals studied did not translate their mission statements into specific performance objectives and goals; there appeared to be no framework to evaluate performance. Service delivery was generally hindered by poor staff training, poor funding (especially in government-run hospitals), lack of participative management, demotivation, work stoppages, and inadequate technology/obsolete equipment. Conclusions: Employee performance, and therefore productivity in the health sector, could improve if adequate attention is paid to the continuing professional development (CPD) of employees to match the trends in technology and meet the ever-changing needs of the patient. Public tertiary healthcare institutions have no system in place to improve performance. They seem not to bother about productivity as long as their funding is not dependent on performance. The risk is that these hospitals may not be self-sustaining should the government withdraw funding.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880044301	Legal education in Nigeria: An evaluation of the recruitment practice for the teaching of law as a career	Ajetunmobi A.	2013	Commonwealth Law Bulletin	39	2	10.1080/03050718.2013.804263	Department of Public and International Law, Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti (ABUAD), Km 8.5 Afe Babalola Way, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria	Ajetunmobi, A., Department of Public and International Law, Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti (ABUAD), Km 8.5 Afe Babalola Way, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria	This article makes a critical assessment of legal education in Nigeria, focusing on the standard of hiring for the teaching of law as a career in the country. Legal academics are hired based upon an accreditation standard that requires a vocational qualification determined through a call to the Nigerian Bar. The article argues that making a vocational qualification a criterion for academic appointment - apart from other achievements demonstrated through higher law degrees - inhibits innovation in teaching and learning and needs to change. This change is premised on three reasons: the growth of interdisciplinary legal scholarship; the trend in the legal marketplace; and the correlation between a law faculty and a department of religion. And it concludes with some proposals to think about for a more scholarly approach towards the teaching of law within Nigerian academia. The aim of this article is to inform the essential dichotomy between legal scholarship and practice, and the transnational aspirations of legal academics, for those involved in the development of law teaching and study, as well as those concerned with educational policy and administration around the world. © 2013 Commonwealth Secretariat.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84913553603	Impact of fixed orthodontic appliances on quality of life among adolescents' in India	Nagarajappa R., Ramesh G., Sandesh N., Lingesha R.-T., Hussain M.-A.-Z.	2014	Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry	6	4	10.4317/jced.51651	Department of Public Health Dentisty, Rama Dental College and Hospital, A-1/8, Lakhanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Rama Dental College and Hospital, A-1/8, Lakhanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India; Department of Public Health Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Hospital, Kanth Road, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Prosthodontics, Taibah University, South Africa	Nagarajappa, R., Department of Public Health Dentisty, Rama Dental College and Hospital, A-1/8, Lakhanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India; Ramesh, G., Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Rama Dental College and Hospital, A-1/8, Lakhanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India; Sandesh, N., Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India; Lingesha, R.-T., Department of Public Health Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Hospital, Kanth Road, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India; Hussain, M.-A.-Z., Department of Prosthodontics, Taibah University, South Africa	Context: Malocclusion can seriously impair quality of life and they may affect various aspects of life, including function, appearance, interpersonal relationships and even career opportunities. Objectives: To assess and determine various factors that may influence the impact of orthodontic treatment on the quality of life of adolescents. Study design: Cross sectional study in adolescents of Moradabad was conducted on 109 males and 113 females (n=222) adolescents having a fixed orthodontic appliance, aged 13 to 22 years (mean 17.5±1.5). A pre-structured questionnaire designed by Mandall et al, with nine conceptual impact sub-scales to highlight the problem faced by the patient in daily life after wearing the appliance was used to collect the data. Unpaired t-test was used to determine the statistical significance and the influence of variables were analysed using multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Factors which demonstrated high impact were oral hygiene (Mean=3.42; SD=0.78) followed by time constraints (Mean=3.23; SD=0.72) and physical impact (Mean=3.00; SD=0.61). Gender difference showed statistical significance in social impact (p=0.009), time constraints (p=0.001) and travel or cost implications (p=0.009). Internal reliability of the questionnaire ranged from low to good (Cronbach's alpha 0.29-0.81). Test-retest reliability ranged from an intra-class correlation coefficient 0.09-0.42. Conclusions: Patients who had been comprehensively informed about their treatment had greatest levels of satisfaction and compliance with treatment. Younger patients showed an earlier adaptation to treatment with fixed appliances which influenced the treatment to be started at the earliest possible age. © Medicina Oral S. L.	Impact; Malocclusion; Quality of life	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84930614177	Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in rural Uganda: Modelling effectiveness and impact of scaling-up PMTCT services	Larsson E.C., Ekström A.M., Pariyo G., Tomson G., Sarowar M., Baluka R., Galiwango E., Thorson A.E.	2015	Global Health Action	8	1	10.3402/gha.v8.26308	Department of Public Health Sciences Global Health/IHCAR, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Deptartment of Health Policy, Planning and Management, Makerere University, School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda; Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Iganga, Uganda; Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics (MMC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden	Larsson, E.C., Department of Public Health Sciences Global Health/IHCAR, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Ekström, A.M., Department of Public Health Sciences Global Health/IHCAR, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Pariyo, G., Deptartment of Health Policy, Planning and Management, Makerere University, School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda, Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Iganga, Uganda; Tomson, G., Department of Public Health Sciences Global Health/IHCAR, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics (MMC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Sarowar, M., Department of Public Health Sciences Global Health/IHCAR, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Baluka, R., Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Iganga, Uganda; Galiwango, E., Deptartment of Health Policy, Planning and Management, Makerere University, School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda, Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Iganga, Uganda; Thorson, A.E., Department of Public Health Sciences Global Health/IHCAR, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden	Background: The reported coverage of any antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) has increased in sub-Saharan Africa in recent years, but was still only 60% in 2010. However, the coverage estimate is subject to overestimations since it only considers enrolment and not completion of the PMTCT programme. The PMTCT programme is complex as it builds on a cascade of sequential interventions that should take place to reduce mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV: starting with antenatal care (ANC), HIV testing, and ARVs for the woman and the baby. Objective: The objective was to estimate the number of children infected with HIV in a district population, using empirical data on uptake of PMTCT components combined with data on MTCT rates. Design: This study is based on a population-based cohort of pregnant women recruited in the Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance Site in rural Uganda 2008-2010. We later modelled different scenarios assuming increased uptake of specific PMTCTcomponents to estimate the impact on MTCT for each scenario. Results: In this setting, HIV infections in children could be reduced by 28% by increasing HIV testing capacity at health facilities to ensure 100% testing among women seeking ANC. Providing ART to all women who received ARV prophylaxis would give an 18% MTCT reduction. Conclusions: Our results highlight the urgency in scaling-up universal access to HIV testing at all ANC facilities, and the potential gains of early enrolment of all pregnant women on antiretroviral treatment for PMTCT. Further, to determine the effectiveness of PMTCT programmes in different settings, it is crucial to analyse at what stages of the PMTCT cascade that dropouts occur to target interventions accordingly. © 2015 Elin C. Larsson et al.	Cohort; Effectiveness; HIV; Population-based; Prevention of mother-to-child transmission	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84869228594	Knowledge and performance of the Ethiopian health extension workers on antenatal and delivery care: A cross-sectional study	Medhanyie A., Spigt M., Dinant G., Blanco R.	2012	Human Resources for Health	10	None	10.1186/1478-4491-10-44	Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia; CAPHRI, School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands; Department of Medicine, University of Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Department of General Practice, Tromso University, Tromso, Norway	Medhanyie, A., Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia, CAPHRI, School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, Department of Medicine, University of Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Spigt, M., CAPHRI, School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, Department of General Practice, Tromso University, Tromso, Norway; Dinant, G., CAPHRI, School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands; Blanco, R., Department of Medicine, University of Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain	Background: In recognition of the critical shortage of human resources within health services, community health workers have been trained and deployed to provide primary health care in developing countries. However, very few studies have investigated whether these health workers can provide good quality of care. This study investigated the knowledge and performance of health extension workers (HEWs) on antenatal and delivery care. The study also explored the barriers and facilitators for HEWs in the provision of maternal health care.Methods: In conducting this research, a cross-sectional study was performed. A total of 50 HEWs working in 39 health posts, covering a population of approximately 195,000 people, were interviewed. Descriptive statistics was used and a composite score of knowledge of HEWs was made and interpreted based on the Ethiopian education scoring system.Results: Almost half of the respondents had at least 5 years of work experience as a HEW. More than half (27 (54%)) of the HEWs had poor knowledge on contents of antenatal care counseling, and the majority (44 (88%)) had poor knowledge on danger symptoms, danger signs, and complications in pregnancy. Health posts, which are the operational units for HEWs, did not have basic infrastructures like water supply, electricity, and waiting rooms for women in labor. On average within 6 months, a HEW assisted in 5.8 births. Only a few births (10%) were assisted at the health posts, the majority (82%) were assisted at home and only 20% of HEWs received professional assistance from a midwife.Conclusion: Considering the poor knowledge of HEWs, poorly equipped health posts, and poor referral systems, it is difficult for HEWs to play a key role in improving health facility deliveries, skilled birth attendance, and on-time referral through early identification of danger signs. Hence, there is an urgent need to design appropriate strategies to improve the performance of HEWs by enhancing their knowledge and competencies, while creating appropriate working conditions. © 2012 Medhanyie et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.	Antenatal care; Community health workers; Health extension workers; Maternal health care; Primary health care	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84923091825	Economic globalization and economic performance dynamics: Some new empirical evidence from Nigeria	Verter N., Osakwe C.N.	2015	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	6	1	10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n1p87	Department of Regional and Business Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Nigeria; Management and Economics, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Nigeria	Verter, N., Department of Regional and Business Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Nigeria; Osakwe, C.N., Management and Economics, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Nigeria	The study focuses on the macro-economic impact of leading economic globalization indicators on the Nigerian economy, during the period from 1980 to 2012. The findings from this study lend credence to the FDI-led growth hypothesis in developing economies. Moreover, migrants’ remittances inflow was found to be positively associated with economic performance, albeit in the short-run only. In contrast, the KOF dimension of economic globalization index (ECGI) was found to have an adverse effect on economic performance in the long-run and equally showed proof of a negative relationship in the short-run even though it was statistically insignificant. Similarly, real effective exchange rate and trade openness were found to be statistically insignificant in the short-run and long-run. Policy makers in Nigeria should endeavour to create robust legislation and credible institutional frameworks that would not only encourage more capital flows into the shores of Nigeria, but also would protect the country’s ‘interest’ in the midst of ongoing economic globalization. © 2015 Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. All rights received.	ARDL approach; Cointegration; Development; Economic growth; FDI	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79958143994	The state's failure to comply with its constitutional duties and its impact on democracy	Malherbe R., Van Eck M.	2009	Tydskrif vir die Suid-Afrikaanse Reg	None	2	None	Department of Public Law, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	Malherbe, R., Department of Public Law, University of Johannesburg, South Africa; Van Eck, M., Department of Public Law, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949770056	Monitoring and evaluation of corporate social responsibility programmes in South Africa	Rampersad R.	2015	Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions	5	4CONT2	None	Department of Public Relations Management, Durban University of Technology, P O Box 1334, Durban, South Africa	Rampersad, R., Department of Public Relations Management, Durban University of Technology, P O Box 1334, Durban, South Africa	The South African corporate sector invests millions to support community development and social programs. One of the more fundamental issues about sustainability in a business context is the fact that directors have a fiduciary duty to take into account interests of those stakeholders other than investors/shareholders. This therefore places major importance on sustainability reporting through reports on governance, economic, social and environmental performance and is increasingly being regarded as a key form of stakeholder engagement, and the most accepted formal way of communicating measured outcomes to all stakeholders. A number of methodologies may exist for the development of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) strategies or “how-to guides” for community engagement and investment, however, it lacks development in the field of CSR Programme Evaluation. Integrated approaches to the measurement thereof are still in expanding stages of development and statistical data and/or empirical evidence is lacking at this point. Trust and relationships take time to build but are valuable assets, therefore a company must show it has listened and acted in response to stakeholder concerns, this means that ongoing communication and reporting back to stakeholders is a very important component in any engagement strategy. It is therefore important for the corporate sector to not only evaluate the effectiveness of their CSR Programmes, but also to measure the impact on both their beneficiary communities and their business and subsequently on the Return on Investment (ROI). This paper will highlight a case of the South African corporate sectors attempts to evaluate its effectiveness and impact on beneficiary communities and how they quantify the impact of the investment through successful CSR interventions. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Corporate social responsibility; Engagement; Evaluation; Monitoring; Sustainability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84929335341	Considering the impact of amicus curiae participation on feminist litigation strategy	Spies A.	2015	South African Journal on Human Rights	31	1	None	Department of Public, Constitutional and International Law, College of Law, University of South Africa, South Africa	Spies, A., Department of Public, Constitutional and International Law, College of Law, University of South Africa, South Africa	Amici curiae participation plays an important role in litigation and judicial decision-making. The public interest nature of these participations has become particularly important in representing the point of view of those who might be affected by a judgment which could influence the outcome of a decision. Employing amicus curiae participation as specific litigation strategy is of importance in promoting litigation from a feminist and gendered viewpoint allowing feminist method to be employed in constructing effective legal arguments. © 2015, Juta and Co ltd. All rights reserved.	Amicus curiae participation; Feminist method; Litigation strategy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897383318	Toxicological evaluation of Melocia corchorifolia leaves (L.) fed to albino rat	Umar K.J., Hassan L.G., Dangoggo S.M., Maigandi S.A., Sani N.A., Dogonyaro A.I.	2014	International Journal of Biological Chemistry	8	1	10.3923/ijbc.2014.48.57	Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; College of Science and Technology, Department of Science, Sokoto St	Umar, K.J., Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Hassan, L.G., Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Dangoggo, S.M., Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Maigandi, S.A., Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Sani, N.A., Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Dogonyaro, A.I., College of Science and Technology, Department of Science, Sokoto State Polytechnic, Sokoto, Nigeria	Wild leafy vegetables are widely eaten in developing countries and serves as nutrient supplements. The present study examined the effect of feeding albino rats with 75% Melocia corchorifolia leaves with respect to their body weight, liver and kidney biochemical, haematological and histological response. Results showed that the rats fed with M. corchorifolia leaves experience decrease in body weight compared to the control group. The Packed Cell Volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (Hb) and Red Blood Cells (RBC), White Blood Cells (WBC), platelets, Mean Carpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Carpuseular Haemoglobin (MCH), Mean Carpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) and leukocyte (lymphocyte, neutophils, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils) differential counts were not significantly (p>0.05) different between control and treatment. Similarly, serum total protein, globulin and bilirubin were not significantly different, but that of albumin was significantly lower (p<0.05) in the treatment than control group. The serum enzyme activities, i.e., aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly (p<0.05) elevated in sample treatment than the control; which is an indication of organ toxicity by cellular destruction induced by the phyto-toxin present in the fed. Renal function indices-serum creatinine, urea, uric acid and electrolytes were not significantly different (p>0.05) between control and treatment. The results of this study showed that Melocia corchorifolia leaves have a relatively low or no toxicity profile. © 2014 Academic Journals Inc.	Albino rat; Haematology; Histology; Melocia corchorifolia; Serum biochemistry; Toxicity; Vegetables	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-53649106219	Performances of some estimators of linear model when stochastic regressors are correlated with autocorrelated error terms	Ayinde K.	2008	European Journal of Scientific Research	20	3	None	Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria	Ayinde, K., Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria	In linear model with autocorrelated error terms, regressors are not only assumed fixed (non - stochastic) in repeated sampling but also uncorrelated with the error terms. These assumptions are not always tenable especially in business, economics and social sciences. Therefore in this paper, we examined the performances of some estimators of linear model namely; ordinary least square(OLS) and four feasible generalized least estimators which are Cochrane Orcut (CORC), Hidreth - Lu (HILU), Maximum Likelihood (ML), Maximum Likelihood Grid (MLGD) when normally distributed stochastic regressors exhibit various degrees of correlation with the autocorrelated error terms through Monte - Carlo studies. At various levels of autocorrelation (ρ) and correlation between stochastic regressor and autocorrelated error terms (λ), the estimators are compared by examing the finite properties of estimators namely; sum of biases, sum of absolute biases, sum of variances and sum of the mean squared error of the estimated parameter of the model. Results show that except when λ →1 the best estimator is either ML or MLGD or both; and to a very lesser extent CORC and HILU when autocorrelation level is low (ρ = 0.4) and high (ρ = 0.8). When λ →1, the OLS estimator is best except when the sample size is moderate (n=40) and large (n=80). Furthermore, when the autocorrelation level is very high (ρ = 0.9) or tends to unity (ρ → 1) and λ≤0.75 the HILU and the CORC, in that order, are superior to the other estimators. However, when λ>0.75, the HILU, ML and to a lesser extent, CORC are best. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2008.	Correlation; Feasible GLS estimators; Linear model with autocorrelated error; OLS estimator; Stochastic regressors	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84855166176	Design, construction, test and evaluation of a stand alone 75 watts solar electric generator	Alade M.O., Ogherowo E.P., Durodola O.M.	2010	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	5	4	10.3923/jeasci.2010.337.341	Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Physics, University of Jos, P.M.B. 2084, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria	Alade, M.O., Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Ogherowo, E.P., Department of Physics, University of Jos, P.M.B. 2084, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria; Durodola, O.M., Department of Physics, University of Jos, P.M.B. 2084, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria	In this study, a stand alone 75 watt solar electric generator is designed and constructed to convert the solar radiation of appropriate wavelength from the sun into direct electric current based on photovoltaic principle. The system has proven to meet the necessary requirement under laboratory testing with only few shortcomings. The system can be employed to supply power to laboratory equipment such as signal generator, oscilloscope, network analyzer and spectnnn analyzer (all in the power range of 75 watts) useful in field research of electronic communication research. The 75 watt solar electric generator designed and constructed is also useful in remote areas to produce electric power where there is no easy accesibility to utility electric power or other useful sources of electric power. © Medwell Journals, 2010.	75 watts solar electric generator; Construction; Design; Measurement; Nigeria; Stand alone	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78650966110	Evaluation of rainfall trends in Nigeria for 30 years (1978-2007)	Obot N.I., Chendo M.A.C., Udo S.O., Ewona I.O.	2010	International Journal of Physical Sciences	5	14	None	Department of Science Lab Tech, Federal Polytechnic Ilaro, Ilaro, Ogun State, Nigeria; Department of Physics, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Physics, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria; Department of Physics, Cross River Un	Obot, N.I., Department of Science Lab Tech, Federal Polytechnic Ilaro, Ilaro, Ogun State, Nigeria; Chendo, M.A.C., Department of Physics, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria; Udo, S.O., Department of Physics, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria; Ewona, I.O., Department of Physics, Cross River University of Technology, Calabar, Nigeria	The issue of climate change appears to be on the fore burner and it cannot be ascertained to occur without evidence. Rainfall is one of the climatic factors that can indicate climate change. In this work, the non-parametric Mann-Kendall test is used to test for significant trend in rainfall in Nigeria through randomly selected locations in the six geopolitical zones within a 30 years period (1978-2007). The selected locations are; Maiduguri (13°10',11°50') in the North East, Kaduna (7°27',10°31') in the North West, Lokoja (6°45',7°43') in the North Central, Ibadan (3°53',7°22') in the South West, Enugu (7°30',6°27') in the South East and Calabar (8°28',4°57') in the South South. During the 30 years period, the yearly average rainfalls (mm) were 580.5, 1187.5, 1228.7, 1317.2, 1753.8 and 2925.6, respectively. While the rest of the locations had no significant trend yet Maiduguri showed an increasing trend at a rate of 9.88 mm/year, where formally the trend there from the period 1961-1990 was decreasing. This change could either be a problem or blessing to dwellers in that location and there is need for continuous monitoring. ©2010 Academic Journals.	Mann-Kendall test; Rainfall; Significant trend; Six geopolitical zones in Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84962429278	Heavy metal accumulation and biochemical evaluation of earthworms from sawmills in abeokuta, South-Western Nigeria [Acumulación de metales pesados y evaluación bioquímica de las lombrices de tierra de los aserrade­ros en Abeokuta, Sur-Occidente de Nigeria	Bamidele J.A., Idowu A.B., Ademolu K.O., Akinloye O.A., Bamgbola A.A.	2015	Revista de Biologia Tropical	63	4	10.15517/rbt.v63i4.16194	Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Department of Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Department of Chemistry Department, Federa	Bamidele, J.A., Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Idowu, A.B., Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Ademolu, K.O., Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Akinloye, O.A., Department of Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Bamgbola, A.A., Department of Chemistry Department, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria	Over the years, sawmilling industries have shown a high growth in the rain forest areas of Nigeria, releasing several wastes into the environment. This study aims at using earthworms (Eudrilus eugeniae, Libyodrilus violaceous and Hyperiodrilus africanus) of sawmill origin as bio-indicators of metal pollution in sawmills. Four major sawmills located in Abeokuta (7°9’11’’44” N - 3o19’35’’ E), namely Lafenwa, Sapon, Isale-Ake and Kotopo sawmills were used for this study. The arboretum of the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta was used as control site. Earthworms, plant and soil samples were collected each month for three months (March to May, 2013), randomly from different points at each of the locations. Protein analysis was conducted on the earthworms using gel electrophoresis while the activities of Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were done spectrophotometrically. Heavy metal analysis was also conducted on soil, plant and earthworm samples using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Gel electrophoresis results revealed the presence of nine protein bands in E. eugeniae from Sapon and Kotopo sawmills, as compared to six protein bands of E. eugeniae from the control site. Seven protein bands were observed in L. violaceous from Lafenwa and H. africanus from Isale-Ake sawmills. Levels of SOD, GPx and CAT activities were significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) in E. eugeniae from Sapon sawmill than those of Kotopo sawmill and the control site. This study also revealed that Pb and Cd concentrations were higher in the earthworms, plants and soil from the sawmills than those of the control site. Sapon sawmill recorded significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) levels of Cd and Cu in plants as well as Pb and Cd in soil samples than those of the other locations. The concentrations of Cu, Co and Ni were higher in the soil of the control site than in the sawmill soils. Stronger relationship exists in the metal concentrations between the earthworms and soils (R= 0.602) than between the plants and soil (R= 0.405). Sawmilling therefore posses potential risks on sawmill soil and soil fauna, especially earthworm species. © 2015, Universidad de Costa Rica. All rights reserved.	Bio-indicator; Earthworms; Heavy metals; Pollution; Sawmilling; Stress enzymes	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-57749120271	Evaluation of the suitability of conophor oil for the production of alkyd resins and surface coatings	Asiagwu A.K., Omuku P.E., Okoye P.A.C., Olisa M.A., Ajiwe V.C.E.	2008	Oriental Journal of Chemistry	24	2	None	Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria	Asiagwu, A.K., Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; Omuku, P.E., Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; Okoye, P.A.C., Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; Olisa, M.A., Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; Ajiwe, V.C.E., Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria	Oil was extracted from Tetraceripidum conophorum nut using solvent extraction method with hexane as solvent. The oil obtained was used to synthesize an alkyd resin, which in turn was utilized in the production of white gloss paints and varnishes. The IR and UV analysis of the oil showed the presence of C=C and C=O, while the Uv and IR examination of the resin revealed the presence of phthalic chain and C=O, C=C bond. The white gloss paint and varnishes produced had the right physical quality such as brushability and good drying time. The oil is a necessary raw material that can be used industrially in the production of essential materials.	Aklyd resins; Conophor oil; Surface coatings	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953010709	Impact of environmental cadmium, lead, copper and zinc on quality of goat meat in Nigeria	Okoye C.O.B., Ugwu J.N.	2010	Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia	24	1	None	Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria	Okoye, C.O.B., Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria; Ugwu, J.N., Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria	This study evaluated the levels of cadmium, lead, copper and zinc in the muscles and edible offal's of goat bred from Nigeria. The samples were digested with a 3:1 mixture of HCl and HNO3 and analysed with a Unicam Solar 32 AAS. The results obtained expressed in mgkg-1 showed that kidney had the highest mean concentration of 0.83 ranging from 0.07-3.08 for cadmium, 0.53 from nd-0.63 for lead; while liver had 134.02 ranging from 26.36-398.16 for copper and muscle 131.55 from nd-417.00 for zinc. Most of the samples studied were found to have these metals above the permissible limits set by some regulatory bodies. Pearson's correlation analysis showed significant correlation (p &lt; 0.01) between the metal levels in the heart and kidney, an indication of common source of contamination. The meat quality was found to be impaired by high levels of Zn, Cu and Cd and Indicates widespread contamination of the environment by these trace metals. © 2010 Chemical Society of Ethiopia.	Edible offal's; Environmental impact; Goat muscles; Heavy metals	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892984228	Evaluation of Cyanogenic Potentials of Local Cassava Species and Residual Cyanide Contents of Their Locally Processed Food Products in Southeast Nigeria	Ekere N.R., Eze I.S.	2014	Human and Ecological Risk Assessment	20	3	10.1080/10807039.2012.723185	Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Centre for Energy Research and Development, Nsukka, Nigeria	Ekere, N.R., Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Eze, I.S., Centre for Energy Research and Development, Nsukka, Nigeria	The cyanogenic potentials and residual cyanide contents of local cassava parenchyma and their locally processed food products in southeastern Nigeria were studied. Seven species of cassava locally grown and four main food products from them were analyzed colorimetrically for their cyanide contents. Results of the analyses indicated that five of the species contain cyanide potentials between 50 and 100 mg HCN/kg fresh weight while only one contains cyanogens level greater than 100 mg HCN/kg fresh weight. Of the cassava products analyzed, two contained cyanide above the level recommended by the WHO/FAO (10 mg HCN/kg). The result raises concern as these cassava products constitute about 80-90% of the diet of the local people and the facts known about cyanide poisoning from intake of high cyanide containing food. © 2014 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	cassava; cyanide; cyanogenic potential; food safety; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84868145132	The coagulation performance of okra mucilage in an industrial effluent by turbidimetry	Ani J.U., Nnaji N.J., Okoye C.O.B., Onukwuli O.D.	2012	International Journal of Chemical Sciences	10	3	None	Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria	Ani, J.U., Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Nnaji, N.J., Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Okoye, C.O.B., Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Onukwuli, O.D., Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria	The determination of coagulation rate constants was achieved by monitoring changes in the concentration of the coagulating suspension with time. These coagulation rate constants were obtained by turbidimetric studies on fibre-cement industry effluent (FCIE). The gravimetric method of measuring the concentration of suspended particles is tedious and thus not suitable for routine evaluations of coagulation kinetics. The coagulation rate constants were obtained from the slopes of first and second order plots of the coagulation reactions using aluminum sulphate and okra mucilage (OMUC) as coagulants. The work further examined the suitability of OMUC as a novel coagulant for the removal of colloids from FCIE.	Coagulation rate constant; Colloids; Fibre-cement; Nephelometric; Orthokinetic	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33744773181	Evaluation of the levels of total volatile bases and trimethyleamine formed in fish stored at low temperature	Horsfall Jr. M., Kinigoma B.S., Spiff A.I.	2006	Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia	20	1	None	Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Uniport P.O. Box 402, Choba, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Department of Petroleum and Gas Engineering, University of Port Harcourt, Uniport P.O. Box 402, Choba, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Horsfall Jr., M., Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Uniport P.O. Box 402, Choba, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Kinigoma, B.S., Department of Petroleum and Gas Engineering, University of Port Harcourt, Uniport P.O. Box 402, Choba, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Spiff, A.I., Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Uniport P.O. Box 402, Choba, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	The levels of total volatile bases (TVB) and trimethylamine (TMA) formed in three species of saline water fish stored at - 4°C were investigated as indices of spoilage. The data showed that the concentration of TVB (mg/100g sample) in Tilapia spp. ranged from 19.40 - 61.00, Mugil cephalus 1030 - 41.10 and Carassius auratus 12.50 - 66.7 during the maximum storage period of 20 days, while TMA levels (mg/100g sample) over the same storage period and conditions ranged from < 0.001 - 7.12 for Tilapia spp., < 0.001 - 6.45 for Mugil Cephalus and < 0.001 - 7.28 for Carassious auratus. The data showed that the concentration of TVB and TMA increased with increasing storage time. These data may be used in formulating appropriate food safety limits for consumption of refrigerated fresh fish products in Nigeria. © 2006 Chemical Society of Ethiopia.	Food storage; Total volatile bases; Trimethyleamine	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864535903	Evaluating the impact of product diversification on financial performance of selected nigerian construction firms	Adamu N., Zubairu I.K., Ibrahim Y.M., Ibrahim A.M.	2011	Journal of Construction in Developing Countries	16	2	None	Department of Quantity Surveying, Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria; Department of Building, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria; Department of Quantity Surveying, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna	Adamu, N., Department of Quantity Surveying, Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria; Zubairu, I.K., Department of Building, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria; Ibrahim, Y.M., Department of Quantity Surveying, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria; Ibrahim, A.M., Department of Building, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria	The need for the improved performance and continuous survival of construction firms has caused firms to diversify into other businesses. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of diversification on the performance of some Nigerian construction firms. Financial statements from seventy construction firms were analysed. The specialisation ratio method was used to measure and categorise the firms into undiversified, moderately diversified and highly diversified firms, and profitability ratios were used to measure the group-wise performance of the firms. The Student t-test was used to test the relationship between the extent of diversification and performance. The findings reveal that undiversified firms outperform the highly diversified firms in terms of Return on Total Assets and Profit Margin. Similarly, the moderately diversified firms were found to outperform the highly diversified firms in terms of Return on Equity, Return on Total Assets and Profit Margin. However, no performance difference was found between the undiversified firms and the moderately diversified firms based on the three measures used. A nonlinear relationship was found between the extent of diversification and performance. It was concluded that diversification does not necessarily lead to an improvement in profitability. The implication is that firms are better-off remaining focused if the aim is to improve financial performance. © Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2011.	Diversification; Financial performance; Specialisation ratio	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33746087113	Sonographic evaluation of pancreatic segments in a normal adult population in Nigeria	Okoye I.J., Agwu K.K., Kolawole K.T., Okoye I.J.	2006	European Journal of Scientific Research	13	4	None	Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Department of Medical Radiography, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Okoye, I.J., Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Agwu, K.K., Department of Medical Radiography, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Kolawole, K.T., Department of Medical Radiography, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Okoye, I.J., Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Aim: To sonographically determine the normal range of values of pancreatic segments and their relationship with each other in a normal adult population in Nigerian and to determine if these values show any racial bias. Materials and methods: The anteroposterior (AP) diameters of the pancreatic segments (Head, Neck, Body and Tail) were measured prospectively in the transverse/oblique planes by trans-abdominal sonography in 500 healthy adults (aged 18 to 67 years) from the South-Eastern region of Nigeria. The subjects gave informed consent and were selected by convenient sampling. Results: The normal range of AP diameters of the pancreatic head, neck, body and tail were (18-32)mm, (7-12)mm, (10-20)mm and (10-20)mm respectively and the overall mean AP diameters were 27.83±2.14mm, 9.51±1.35mm, 13.26±1.47mm and 13.30±1.68mm in the same respective order. The ratios of each segment relative to each other were found to be 3:1 (Head/Neck); 2:1 (Head/Body); 2:1 (Head/Tail); 2:3 (Neck/Body); 2:3 (Neck/Tail); 1:1 (Body/Tail).When each segment was related to the entire pancreas, the ratios were 3:7; 1:7; 3:14; 3:14; for the Head/ pancreas, Neck/pancreas, Body/pancreas and Tail/pancreas respectively. The subjects' ages showed negative correlation (P<0.001) with the pancreatic sizes and there was progressive decline in size of the pancreatic segments after the fifth decade of life. There were statistical significant differences between the mean AP diameters of the pancreatic segments of this study population and that of the Caucasian values obtained from literature, except for the neck. Conclusion: This study recommends that in assessing the pancreas, ratios of the (Head/Neck); (Head/Body); (Head/Tail); (Neck/Body); (Neck/Tail); (Body/Tail), Head/pancreas, Neck/pancreas, Body/pancreas and Tail/ pancreas, which exceeds 3:1, 2:1, 2:1, 2:3, 2:3, 1:1, 3:7, 1:7; 3:14; 3:14; respectively, should raise suspicion for focal enlargement. The positive correlation between each segment and the pancreas shown in this study, suggest that these ratios may be used alone to discriminate accurately between focal and diffuse involvement of the pancreas. The population-specific values have the potential to enable; early detection/ screening of patients with cancer and inflammatory disorders of the pancreas, monitoring response in patients with starvation disorders and discriminating between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, (NIDDM) patients. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2006.	IDDM; NIDDM; Pancreatic segments; Starvation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70349823860	Sonographic evaluation of normal portal vein diameter in Nigerians	Anakwue A.C., Anakwue R.C., Ugwu A.C., Nwogu U.B., Idigo F.U., Agwu K.K.	2009	European Journal of Scientific Research	36	1	None	Department of Radiography and Radiological Sciences, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Nigeria; Department Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria; Department of Radiography and Radiological Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University,	Anakwue, A.C., Department of Radiography and Radiological Sciences, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Nigeria; Anakwue, R.C., Department Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria; Ugwu, A.C., Department of Radiography and Radiological Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra state, Nigeria; Nwogu, U.B., Department of Radiography and Radiological Sciences, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Nigeria; Idigo, F.U., Department of Radiography and Radiological Sciences, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Nigeria; Agwu, K.K., Department of Radiography and Radiological Sciences, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Nigeria	Background: Portal vein size is a diagnostic index useful in measuring portal hypertension which is found in many disease conditions including cirrhosis where it occurs in > 60% of cases. Aims: The aim of this work is to determine the normal portal vein diameter in adult Nigerians. There is paucity of work describing the portal vein diameter in Nigerians. Method: In this work we used a 2 D ultrasound- a non invasive method to assess the portal vein size in 200 adults aged 20-79 years of both sexes. Results: The mean diameter of normal portal vein in the subjects was 11.45mm±1.49. Conclusion: The portal vein diameter obtained in this work is comparable to that found in Caucasians. This information can be useful in diagnosing and treating portal hypertension in a variety of clinical situations. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2009.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84875024637	Computed tomography evaluation of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia in an african population	Ogbole G.I., Akinmoladun V.I.	2012	Oral Surgery	5	3	10.1111/j.1752-248X.2012.01161.x	Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Ogbole, G.I., Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Akinmoladun, V.I., Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Aim: Fibrous dysplasia is a benign fibro-osseous tumour of bones commonly involving the craniofacial region.Computedtomography(CT) imaging study of the disease is useful for evaluation and treatment planning. However, few studieshaveevaluated patient series inanAfrican setting. Material and methods: A total of 14 patients with complete medical records and CT images were included in this study. All patients were non-syndromic fibrous dysplasia involving only the craniofacial region. None had skin pigmentation or other evidence of endocrine problems. Data analysis was essentially on clinical and CT appearances of the lesions. Results: Facial swelling was the chief complaint in 79% of patients. Two patients were incidentally discovered after cranial CT scanning for head injury and stroke. The average number of bones involved was 5.4 per patient. Involvement of more than one craniofacial bone occurred in 78% of patients. The maxilla was involved in eight patients (57.14%), the ethmoidal, orbital and frontal bones were the most commonly jointly involved bones (64.3%). CT images appeared sclerotic or homogenous in 36%, ground glass or heterogeneous in 71% and cystic in 7%. Conclusion: CT features of craniofacial dysplasia in patients of African descent are similar to that seen in other racial groups. Our findings further suggest that craniofacial fibrous dysplasia can hardly be described as monostotic. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.	Computed tomography; Craniofacial fibrous dysplasia African population; Imaging	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84861168930	Sonographic evaluation of uterine cervical dimension within 4-24 weeks of pregnancy	Tobechukwu M.T., Ose-Emenim I.B., Ehinwenma O.	2011	Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice	14	4	10.4103/1119-3077.91743	Department of Radiology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, P.M.B. 1111, Benin City, Nigeria	Tobechukwu, M.T., Department of Radiology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, P.M.B. 1111, Benin City, Nigeria; Ose-Emenim, I.B., Department of Radiology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, P.M.B. 1111, Benin City, Nigeria; Ehinwenma, O., Department of Radiology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, P.M.B. 1111, Benin City, Nigeria	Objective: To determine the normal range of uterine cervix within 4-24 weeks of pregnancy and also assess whether variations are related to some selected extraneous human conditions. Setting and Design: This was a prospective study conducted in University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin, Nigeria, and Nigerian National Petroleum Cooperation Health Centre, Warri, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A prospective ultrasonographic (USS) study of uterine cervical dimension of 150 pregnant women within 4-24 weeks gestational age in two sonographic centers in Nigeria between January 2007 and October 2007 was conducted. The patients were examined by the authors. The uterine cervical dimensions (length, upper lip diameter, and lower lip diameter) were taken by means of ultrasonography. In addition, vital history, height and weight of patients were documented. The vital history included the age, number of childbirths, number of induced abortion, miscarriages and family history of miscarriages. Using Statistical program of social science (SPSS), the data were analyzed. Informed consent was obtained from all the patients and the study was done in line with the ethical guidelines of the centers. Results: The following uterine cervical dimensions were obtained: mean cervical length of 6.14 cm and standard deviation of 2.0, and the upper and lower lips' uterine cervical diameters of 1.81 and 1.76 cm, respectively, with standard deviations of 0.86 and 0.71, respectively. There was no significant correlation of dimensions of uterine cervix to the aforementioned extraneous human condition. However, the increasing number of miscarriages correlated with decreasing length or shortness of the cervix.Conclusion: Uterine cervical dimension in pregnancy between 4 and 24 weeks is reproducible with sonographic documentation and the following normal ranges were deduced: cervical length (6.14 ± 2.0 cm), upper lip (1.81 ± 0.86 cm) and lower lip (1.76 ± 0.71 cm). The study revealed that increasing number of miscarriages was associated with effacement or reduction in the cervical length.	Cross-tabulation; Dimensions; Pregnancy; Ultrasonography; Uterine cervix	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84930390769	Impact of active coping, religion and acceptance on quality of life of patients with breast cancer in the department of radiotherapy, UCH, Ibadan	Elumelu T.N., Asuzu C.C., Akin-Odanye E.O.	2015	BMJ Supportive and Palliative Care	5	2	10.1136/bmjspcare-2012-000409	Department of Radiotherapy, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria; Department of Guidance and Counselling, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria	Elumelu, T.N., Department of Radiotherapy, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria; Asuzu, C.C., Department of Guidance and Counselling, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria; Akin-Odanye, E.O., Department of Guidance and Counselling, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria	Background: A breast cancer diagnosis as well as the treatment that follows has considerable consequences on women's physical functioning, psychological health and overall well-being, resulting in significant interference with patients' quality of life (QoL). Purpose: The study seeks to assess the impact of active coping, religion and acceptance on the QoL of patients with breast cancer. Participants: This study, which is descriptive in nature, assessed the QoL and coping mechanism of 110 patients with breast cancer receiving treatment at the radiotherapy clinic in the University College Hospital (UCH). The patients had an age range of 25-75, an average age of 46.82 and an SD of 10.55. Male patients were 4 (3.60%), while 106 (96.40%) were female. Currently married participants were 84 (76.40%), while 26 (23.60%) were not. Methods: Data was collected using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B) V.4 QoL questionnaire and Carver's Brief Cope questionnaire. Results: Analysis of data showed that significant differences were found between participants who used active coping, religious coping and acceptance more than those who did not in the overall QoL (p < 0.05) as well as in some of the QoL dimensions. Conclusions: Significant differences exist in the QoL of patients with breast cancer based on the coping style they adopt. Patients with breast cancer should be helped to adopt coping styles that would enhance their QoL.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84923104636	The impact of personalized engagement with customers and efficient stock management software systems on customer service at a clothing retailer in Cape Town, South Africa	Mugobo V.V., Baschiera M.G.	2015	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	6	1	10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n1p40	Department of Retail Business Management, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa	Mugobo, V.V., Department of Retail Business Management, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa; Baschiera, M.G., Department of Retail Business Management, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa	In today’s day and age, technology is a major game changer in the retail industry. Parallel variables were explored concurrently to establish their simultaneous impact on customer service. The study sought to determine the impact personalized engagement on customers, as well as the impact that efficient stock management software systems on customers using a clothing retailer in Cape Town as a case study. The study also sought to explore the challenges and opportunities that retailers face when they use technology in the customer service delivery process. The methodology used in this study involved a combination of quantitative and qualitative research. The study consisted of 55 respondents specific to the chosen location. Based on the study, retailer’s still face challenges of incorporating technology to improve customer service, on an “Omnichannel” level. Technological advancements would include handheld devices operated by sales assistants and/or customers, acquiring quick and accurate product information; interactive stand-alone digital touch-screen displays allowing customers to access in store and online product and service information; mobile apps and online store fully synchronised with the retailers stock software systems, virtual personalized models and customized online ‘wardrobe’, all connected by intelligent technological in store infrastructure. Retailers have many opportunities in the form of implementing rapidly developing technology throughout physical and online stores to create a hybrid leading retail platform where virtual meets physical shopping, under one roof. The study concludes by recommending that retailers should move off out-dated systems currently employed (i.e. the legacy systems), onto innovative stock software systems. Thus, bringing current inventory software systems up to a level where they are able to interface with technologies mentioned in this study, to improve customer satisfaction. © 2015 Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. All rights received.	Customer satisfaction; Interface; Inventory software systems; Omni-channel; Personalized engagement	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77949533068	Fifty years of oil exploration in Nigeria: Physico-chemical impacts and implication for enviromental accounting and development	Oloruntegbe K.O., Akinsete M.A., Odutuyi M.O.	2009	Journal of Applied Sciences Research	5	12	None	Department of Science and Technical Education, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba - Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria; Department, Science and Technical Education, Adekunle Ajasin Department, Science and Technical Education, Adekunle Ajasin, Nigeria; Science Ed	Oloruntegbe, K.O., Department of Science and Technical Education, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba - Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria; Akinsete, M.A., Department, Science and Technical Education, Adekunle Ajasin Department, Science and Technical Education, Adekunle Ajasin, Nigeria; Odutuyi, M.O., Science Education, Ubafeni Awolowb, Nigeria	The riverine area of Ondo State is one of the locations that are seriously affected by oil spill in Nigeria's fifty years of oil exploration. This study was designed to investigate the physico-chemical characteristics of the areas and their effects on lives and living in the oil communities. Water and soil samples for analysis were taken from four locations in the oil exploration areas for experimental and two locations outside the area for the control. The samples were investigated for temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, oil and grease and heavy metal sediments. The results of the analysis revealed the occurrence of high temperature, low pH, reduced dissolved oxygen, increased salinity, oil and grease, and heavy metal ions concentrations, which are indications of the presence of hydrocarbon and petrogenic pollution. Except for temperature, the acceptable limits for aquatic lives and agricultural practices were exceeded in the other variables in the experimental. Effects of these deviations were felt in decrease in fishing resources, damage to marine flora and fauna, loss of biodiversity, deforestation, coastal and marine erosion and flooding. The inability of the people to fix these problems and the supposedly government insensitivity had been the cause of persistent conflicts and confrontation with government and oil companies in the area. Implications for enviromental development of the study were discussed. © 2009, INSInet Publication.	Environmental accounting and development; Oil exploration; Physico-chemical characteristics	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953492925	Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of 2 and 3D visualizations in students' understanding of structures of organic molecules	Oke O.K., Alam G.M.	2010	International Journal of Physical Sciences	5	5	None	Department of Science and Technical Education, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria; Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia	Oke, O.K., Department of Science and Technical Education, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria; Alam, G.M., Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia	Adopting quantitative approach using test as a key instrument, this study investigated the relative effectiveness of 2 and 3D visualizations on students' performance in the study of organic molecules, structures and nomenclature. The instrument was administered before and after treating two experimental groups with 2 and 3D supplemental learning software following a conventional teaching. The control group was made to interact with textbooks at the times the experimental groups were in the computer laboratory viewing the CD-ROMs. The study was conducted at a College in Lagos. The College had 205 chemistry students and of 205, 40% were randomly selected as the study sample. They were in turn randomly assigned to the three groups. Findings show that due to cultural and economical prejudice and long heritage of traditional teaching, assessment and learning system in place, many students are familiar with traditional system and they also feel comfortable with it. This is why the performance of the group making use of 2D visualization significantly better than the other group making use of 3D visualization. However, scores of students in both experimental groups were close which is higher than control group. Moreover, it is evident that the use of 2 and 3D visualizations enhanced performance in organic chemistry and thus one supplements other. Considering these, the simultaneous use of the two visualizations in the teaching and learning of organic molecules and structures based on closeness of the mean scores of the two experimental groups is suggested considering that 3D might prove more enhancing if students get used to it. © 2010 Academic Journals.	2; 3D visualizations; Effectiveness; Organic molecules; Structures and nomenclature	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33748875045	Gender differences in enrolment and academic performance in physics among secondary school students	Adolphus T.	2006	European Journal of Scientific Research	14	2	None	Department of Science and Technical Education, Faculty of Science and Technical Education, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Adolphus, T., Department of Science and Technical Education, Faculty of Science and Technical Education, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	This paper looks at the gender differences in enrolment and academic performance in physics among secondary school students. The study was an empirical survey conducted in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Seven (7) co-educational schools were selected by simple random sampling. Research instruments included records of enrolment and results of senior secondary school certificate examinations (SSCE) for five (5) years (1999-2003). Simple means, percentages and t-test were employed to analyze the data obtained from the study. Two hypotheses were formulated for the study. The results of the study showed significant difference in both enrolment and academic performance of male and female students in physics in favor of male students. It is recommended among others that government should encourage in form of scholarship the education of women in physics and science in general at higher levels. This will produce more female physics teachers, who will motivate more girls at the secondary schools to study physics. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2006.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900465688	Exploring factors affecting performance in biology 5090 at selected high schools in Lesotho	Lebata M.C., Mudau A.V.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	8	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n8p271	Department of Science and Technology Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	Lebata, M.C., Department of Science and Technology Education, University of South Africa, South Africa; Mudau, A.V., Department of Science and Technology Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	The performance in Biology 5090 in Lesotho high schools has been poor and the purpose of this study was to identify factors responsible for the poor performance. The study also identified ways in which teachers envisage to improve the performance. The qualitative research methodology was adopted. Data was collected from four schools through semi-structured interviews and document analysis. Data was analysed from the perspective of the General System Theory. The results of the study show that performance in Biology 5090 was affected by factors such as human, phusical, information, financial resources, and the transformation processes. The study also suggests ways of improving the performance. These includes: in-service training, development of resource centres and school cluster development.	Framework; Science classroom; Teacher practice; Teaching difficulties	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939439666	Improving students' performance in naming and writing structural formulae of hydrocarbons using the ball-and-stick models	Sarkodie P.A., Adu-Gyamfi K.	2015	Chemistry	24	2	None	Department of Science Education (College of Agriculture Education), University of Education, Winneba Mampong-Ashanti, Ghana; Department of Science Education, Mampong Technical College of Education, Mampong-Ashanti, Ghana	Sarkodie, P.A., Department of Science Education (College of Agriculture Education), University of Education, Winneba Mampong-Ashanti, Ghana; Adu-Gyamfi, K., Department of Science Education, Mampong Technical College of Education, Mampong-Ashanti, Ghana	Learning chemical concepts at the submicroscopic and symbolic levels has been identified as a difficult task for science students. Studies have shown that IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds, which is at the symbolic level of learning chemical concepts, is a difficult concept when it comes to students' learning. The current study involved a pre-service teacher and 60 high school students and investigated how students could improve upon their performance in naming and writing of structural formulae of hydrocarbons with the aid of ball-and-stick models. The pre-service teacher and the students were purposively selected to participate in the study. After seven weeks of teaching and learning of IUPAC naming and writing of structural formulae of hydrocarbons where the students physically manipulated the models, it was found that the students' performance and attitude improved after the intervention. It is therefore recommended that science educators should continuously use already existing and newly developed models in teaching chemical concepts to help students to actively conceptualise such concepts at the symbolic level.	Hydrocarbons; Structural formulae; Students' performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-76449105471	Effects of computer assisted instruction (CAI) on secondary school students' performance in biology	Yusuf M.O., Afolabi A.O.	2010	Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology	9	1	None	Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Centre for Educational Technology, Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo, Nigeria	Yusuf, M.O., Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Afolabi, A.O., Centre for Educational Technology, Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo, Nigeria	This study investigated the effects of computer assisted instruction (CAI) on secondary school students' performance in biology. Also, the influence of gender on the performance of students exposed to CAI in individualised or cooperative learning settings package was examined. The research was a quasi experimental involving a 3 x 2 factorial design. The sample for the study comprised 120 first year senior secondary school students (SSS I) sampled from three private secondary schools, in Oyo State, Nigeria. The students' pre-test and post test scores were subjected to Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The findings of the study showed that the performance of students exposed to CAI either individually or cooperatively were better than their counterparts exposed to the conventional classroom instruction. However, no significant difference existed in the performance of male and female students exposed to CAI in either individual or cooperative settings. Based on the research findings recommendations were made on the need to develop relevant CAI packages for teaching biology in Nigerian secondary schools. Copyright © The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903473830	Effects of three cooperative learning strategies on the performance of secondary school students in physics	Gambari I.A., Yusuf M.O.	2014	Chemistry	23	3	None	Department of Science Education, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; Department of Educational Technology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	Gambari, I.A., Department of Science Education, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; Yusuf, M.O., Department of Educational Technology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	This study investigated the effects of three co-operative learning strategies on the performance of secondary students in physics. It also examined whether the performance of the students would vary with gender and achievement levels. Purposive sampling technique was used to select two senior secondary (SSS II) physics students from two intact classes in the selected four secondary schools in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. The students were in STAD (n = 48), Jigsaw II (n = 42), TAI (n = 41), and ICI (n = 38) groups. Computer-Assisted Learning Package (CALP) and Physics Achievement Test (PAT) were used as treatment and test instruments respectively. Analysis of Covariance and Scheffe test were used for data analysis. Findings indicated that there was significant difference in the performance of the groups. In addition, students' gender had no influence on their performances. Also, achievement levels had significant influence on students' performance in cooperative settings. Based on the findings, it was recommended among other that teachers should be encouraged to use computer-supported cooperative strategies in the classroom for teaching physics concepts.	Achievement level; Computer in education; Gender; ICI; Jigsaw II; STAD; TAI	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84856284354	Computer-based science simulations, guided-discovery and students performance in chemistry	Udo M.E., Etiubon R.U.	2011	Modern Applied Science	5	6	10.5539/mas.v5n6p211	Department of Science Education, Univeristy of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria	Udo, M.E., Department of Science Education, Univeristy of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria; Etiubon, R.U., Department of Science Education, Univeristy of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria	This study investigated the relative effectiveness of computer-based science simulations on students' achievement in chemistry at the secondary school level when compared with guided-discovery and the traditional expository teaching methods. The study used non- randomized pre-test - post-test control group design. The study sample was 89 Senior Secondary II (SSII) chemistry students drawn from Uyo Local Government Area, Akwa lbom State, Nigeria. Criterion sampling technique was used for sampling. Two hypotheses were tested. The instrument used in collecting data was a researcher-developed 25-item 4-option multiple choice test - the Chemistry Achievement Test (CAT) - designed to measure students' achievement in the area of chemical combination. The test had a reliability index of 0.72 determined using test-retest approach. The results of data analysis using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) showed that students taught by computer-based science simulations performed significantly better than those taught using the traditional expository method, (mean diff = 4.34; sig. = 032), but had comparable performance with those taught with guided-discovery approach (mean diff = 85; sig = 869). That is, computer based simulation method is as effective as guided-discovery, but significantly better than the traditional expository method; and that gender is not a strong determinant of students' performance in chemistry. Based on the findings, it was recommended, among others, that chemistry teachers should adopt computer-based simulation technique in teaching chemistry concepts in view of its high facilitative effect on students' performance.	Computer-based science simulations; Expository method; Guided-discovery; Students achievement	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84861309641	Experimental investigation and performance analysis of thermosyphon solar water heater	Okonkwo G.N., Nwokoye A.O.C.	2012	Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences	6	2	None	Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Nigeria; Department of Physics and Industrial Physics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria	Okonkwo, G.N., Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Nigeria; Nwokoye, A.O.C., Department of Physics and Industrial Physics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria	The experimental investigation of the performance of a thermosyphon solar water heater at Awka (6.12°N, 7.05°E) in Nigeria was conducted for a period of six months (November, 2009- April, 2010). The solar water heater was constructed and tested at Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. The solar radiation on a horizontal surface was measured using a Daystar meter (DS- 05A). The water mass flow rates were measured in m3/hr using a 'Multi-vane Wheel Liquid Sealed Water meter (LXSY- 15) and later converted to Kg/sm2. The relative humidity data were measured using the Taylor Hygrometer. The wind speed data for the period were obtained from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency, Awka. The results show that the daily average solar radiation for the period varied from 59.69W/m2 to 613.46W/m2. In the month of November, 2009 the daily average solar radiation on a horizontal surface varied from 356.26W/m2 to 416.56W/m2. In December, 2009 the values varied from 348.92W/m2 to 588.69W/m2. For January, 2010 the values varied from 263.54W/m2 to 478.31W/m2. In the month of February, 2010 the values varied from 59.69W/m2 to 564.00W/m2. In March, the values varied from 116.15W/m2 to 537.54W/m2. For the month of April, the values varied from 150.46W/m2 to 613.46W/m2. The daily average mass flow rates varied from 0.01Kg/sm2 to 0.211Kg/sm2 whereas the relative humidity (January to April 2010) varied from 11.23% to 87.31%. The wind speed daily average varied from 0.05m/s to 2.02m/s. From these results, it is evident that Awka receives enough solar radiation that can be conveniently converted through one of the solar heating technologies like the thermosyphon solar water heater to meet the hot water needs in this locality.	Mass flow rate; Relative humidity; Thermosyphon solar water heater; Wind speed	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79959835304	Fabrication and evaluation of a prototype centrifuge	Okonkwo G.N., Ezeonu S.O.	2011	Journal of Applied Sciences Research	7	4	None	Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Nigeria; Department of Physics and Industrial Physics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria	Okonkwo, G.N., Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Nigeria; Ezeonu, S.O., Department of Physics and Industrial Physics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria	A centrifuge is a vital instrument needed for easy separation techniques in most laboratories. This instrument is very scarce and if found is very expensive. This paper focuses on the fabrication and evaluation of this instrument locally. The centrifuge is majorly divided into two compartments. The upper part, which is made of metal bowl and the base, made of metal sheet carved in cylindrical shape to house the electric motor. Metal sheet was purchased from Bida town, after which the whole bodywork was assembled together by means of electrical welding. Bolts and nuts were used to hold other parts together and an electric motor was installed to drive the system. The fabricated centrifuge was tested with a number of sample solutions in the chemistry laboratory and the required supernatants were obtained. The results show that this instrument compares very well with any standard centrifuge and is therefore recommended for use in related laboratory works.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84875354571	Impact of a Gender-Transformative HIV and Antiviolence Program on Gender Ideologies and Masculinities in Two Rural, South African Communities	Dworkin S.L., Hatcher A.M., Colvin C., Peacock D.	2013	Men and Masculinities	16	2	10.1177/1097184X12469878	Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, 3333 California Street, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States; Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research (CIDER), School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, ZAF; Sonke Gender Justice, Cape Town, South Africa	Dworkin, S.L., Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, 3333 California Street, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States; Hatcher, A.M., Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Colvin, C., Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research (CIDER), School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, ZAF; Peacock, D., Sonke Gender Justice, Cape Town, South Africa	"One Man Can" (OMC) is a rights-based gender equality and health program implemented by Sonke Gender Justice Network (Sonke) in South Africa. The program seeks to reduce the spread and impact of HIV and AIDS and reduce violence against women and men. To understand how OMC workshops impact masculinities, gender norms, and perceptions of women's rights, an academic/non-governmental organization (NGO) partnership was carried out with the University of Cape Town, the University of California at San Francisco, and Sonke. Sixty qualitative, in-depth interviews were carried out with men who had completed OMC workshops and who were recruited from Sonke's partner organizations that were focused on gender and/or health-related services. Men were recruited who were over age 18 and who participated in OMC workshops in Limpopo and Eastern Cape Provinces, South Africa. Results reveal how men reconfigured notions of hegemonic masculinity both in terms of beliefs and practices in relationships, households, and in terms of women's rights. In the conclusions, we consider the ways in which the OMC program extends public health research focused on masculinities, violence, and HIV/AIDS. We then critically assess the ways in which health researchers and practitioners can bolster men's engagement within programs focused on gender equality and health. © The Author(s) 2012.	gender relations; HIV prevention; masculinities; South Africa; violence; women's rights	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940869532	The impacts of integrated youth training farm as a capacity building center for youth agricultural empowerment in Kwara State, Nigeria	Latopa A.-L.A., Rashid S.N.A.S.	2015	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	6	5	10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n5p524	Department of Social and Development Science, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia; Department of Local Government Studies, College of Administrative Studies and Social Science Kaduna PolytechnicKaduna State, Nigeria	Latopa, A.-L.A., Department of Social and Development Science, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia, Department of Local Government Studies, College of Administrative Studies and Social Science Kaduna PolytechnicKaduna State, Nigeria; Rashid, S.N.A.S., Department of Social and Development Science, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia	Capacity building in agriculture has become imperative in Nigeria due to the high rate of youth unemployment, overdependence on white collar job and the need to prepare a replacement for the aging local subsistence farmers. To achieve this trend, some states in Nigeria established youth training farms to empower the youth in agriculture sector. Integrated Youth Training Farm Program was established by the Kwara State government as a youth empowerment strategy to reduce unemployment and associated social problems. About 418 youths were trained through the capacity building program between 2006 and 2013 as new generation of modern commercial farmers. In this regard, this study assesses the impact of the Integrated Youth Farm Training Program on youth in Kwara State. Using qualitative case study technique, 30 informants who included the youth participants, implementers and government officials were interviewed. Also, documents, Focus Group Discussion and observation were used as the researchers remain the main instrument. The findings revealed that, the capacity building program has made tremendous impact directly and indirectly on the lives of the youth in Kwara State. Eventually, the success of the program has led to multiplier effects that will subsequently go a long way in empowering the teeming youth population socially, economically and psychologically if the challenges of sustainability are adequately addressed. © 2015, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Agriculture training; Capacity building; Malete youth farm; Youth empowerment; Youth unemployment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892547320	Perceived impact of the global financial crisis on social grant recipients in the Eastern Cape, South Africa	Tanga P.T., Tangwe M.N.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	2	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n2p277	Department of Social Work / Social Development, University of Fort Hare, PB X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa; University of Fort Hare, PB X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa	Tanga, P.T., Department of Social Work / Social Development, University of Fort Hare, PB X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa; Tangwe, M.N., University of Fort Hare, PB X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa	South Africa has one of the highest rate of income inequality and the highest level of absolute poverty. Government's primary social welfare objective is focused on poverty alleviation and halving poverty by 2015. Social assistance is one way of achieving this goal. The aim of this study was to examine the perceptions of social grants recipients on the impact of the 2007/2008 financial crisis on their households. Data were collected from 1100 social grant recipients from 37 communities using a semi-structured questionnaire. The findings show that the majority of respondents were recipients of child support grant and females constituted the bulk. Most of the respondents revealed that the grant money was meeting their household and other needs before the financial crisis. However, the capacity to meet these needs slightly dropped during and after the crisis. The crisis has continued to pose a serious challenge in meeting these household needs. It is argued that females were making more household use of their grant money than males as they are regarded as central figures in African households. The 2007/2008 financial and the 2011 Euro zone crises have contributed significantly to the continuous deterioration of socioeconomic conditions of social grant recipients. The paper recommends certain actions to ease rural household dependent on social grants.	Eastern Cape; Financial crisis; Household income; Poverty; Social grant	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84905226837	The impact of donor-funded community empowerment projects on poverty alleviation in Zimbabwe	Tanga P.T., Mundau M.	2014	Perspectives on Global Development and Technology	13	4	10.1163/15691497-12341312	Department of Social Work / Social Development, University of Fort Hare, South Africa	Tanga, P.T., Department of Social Work / Social Development, University of Fort Hare, South Africa; Mundau, M., Department of Social Work / Social Development, University of Fort Hare, South Africa	The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of donor-funded community empowerment projects on poverty alleviation in Zimbabwe. The primary data were collected from a questionnaire survey from 52 project members who were from two local NGOs that were selected randomly. A semi-structured interview guide designed for two officials of the selected NGOs implementing the projects was also used. The findings show that there is heavy dependence on outside funding, no adherence to the principles of the empowerment approach and a failure to positively impact the lives of the project members. This therefore calls for NGOs to adopt better empowerment practices: community involvement in decision making, project ownership, and clear lines of communication with the NGOs. However the findings also show the strength of linking project members with relevant institutions and training in order to ensure sustainability of community projects that may foster community empowerment towards poverty eradication. © koninklijke brill nv, leiden, 2014.	Community development; Community empowerment; Donor-funded; Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs); Poverty alleviation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-40349095162	The impact of social transformation on the non-government welfare sector and the social work profession	Lombard A.	2008	International Journal of Social Welfare	17	2	10.1111/j.1468-2397.2007.00550.x	Department of Social Work and Criminology, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Hillcrest, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	Lombard, A., Department of Social Work and Criminology, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Hillcrest, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	This article examines changes to non-government social welfare, their impact on service delivery and on the social work profession. To redress the legacy of the past and the consequent inequalities in social welfare, in the first decade of democracy the government allocated the bulk of its welfare resources to transforming the social security system at the expense of social service delivery. As a result, South Africa has a costly social security budget with social services on the brink of collapse, leaving social workers and other social service professionals with low morale in the face of the huge challenge of providing welfare services with scarce resources, especially in the non-government sector. Nevertheless, social work remains an important role player in social development. From its marginalised position in the first decade of democracy, in the second decade it is repositioning itself as a recognised contributor to reconstruction and development in South Africa. © Journal compilation © 2008 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and the International Journal of Social Welfare.	Non-government social welfare; Social service delivery; Social work; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84913615124	Impact of the integrated food and nutrition programme in Kungwini, South Africa	Prinsloo R., Pillay V.	2014	Social Work and Social Sciences Review	17	2	10.1921/9603170202	Department of Social Work and Criminology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Prinsloo, R., Department of Social Work and Criminology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Pillay, V.	This article discusses the impact of the Integrated Food and Nutrition Programme (IFNP) in light of collaborative partnerships for poverty reduction in a developing municipal area in South Africa. The programme aimed to develop home, community and school food gardens to meet the daily nutritional needs of poor households and the process was then to be broadened into marketing surplus garden produce, providing employment and income-generating opportunities. The programme thus aimed to address more than just basic food and nutrition. The purpose of the research was to obtain data through participant observation, focus group discussions and extended household interviews. Drawing on the qualitative interviews conducted with the beneficiaries of the IFNP, the article describes the manner in which poverty can continue to entrench the social exclusion of the poor (despite a specific policy intervention to improve their circumstances) when appropriate stakeholder collaboration is not fully developed and harnessed. The research recommendations include improving weak institutional environments, which may hinder effective service delivery, identifying appropriate skills development for the poor, ensuring community involvement in policy processes, maintaining efficient communication in collaborative partnerships, and maintaining personnel training on policy development and in project management skills.	collaborative partnerships; household food needs; nutrition; policy intervention; poverty reduction	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947201796	Industrial safety practices as determinants of employees' performance and wellbeing at selected industries in Post-Harcourt, River State, Nigeria	Ajala E.M., Osazuwa I.	2012	Journal of Health, Safety and Environment	28	2	None	Department of Social Work, Faculty of Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Ajala, E.M., Department of Social Work, Faculty of Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Osazuwa, I., Department of Social Work, Faculty of Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	It makes good business sense to promote industrial safety issues and programs at the workplace in order to enhance workers' performance and wellbeing. It is against this background that this study looked at the involvement of industrial safety practices on employees' performance and wellbeing. The descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. Three hundred and twenty respondents were randomly selected from five industries that had records of safety practices. Six questionnaires were used to collect data and the analyses were done at α = 0.05 level. Findings showed that staff training, recruitment of skilled personnel, evaluation of safety performance and rewards/safety incentives correlated significantly with performance and wellbeing, but selection of personnel and evaluation of safety performance did not correlate with wellbeing significantly. It was recommended that social workers should work with both employers and employees to see to the explanation of causative mechanism for injuries rather than proximal causes. © CCH.	Employees; Industrial safety practices; Industries; Performance; Wellbeing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78649784363	Impact of emotional reactions on patients' recovery from physical illness: Implications for the medical social workers	Mojoyinola J.K.	2010	Studies on Ethno-Medicine	4	2	None	Department of Social Work, Faculty of Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Mojoyinola, J.K., Department of Social Work, Faculty of Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	The study examined the impact of emotional reactions on recovery of patients from physical illness. It also examined their implications for the medical social workers.The study was carried out among 147 physicallyill patients in six selected government-owned hospitals in Oyo State, Nigeria. A single questionnaire tagged Emotional Reactions and Recovery Assessment Questionnaire (ERARAQ) was developed and used for the study. Two hypotheses were formulated and tested; using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study established that happiness has significant impact on recovery from physical illness (F = 11.589, df = 1/146, p <.05). It also established that anxiety and depression have significant impacts on recovery from physical illness (F = 3.796, df = 1/146, p <. 05). These findings have many useful implications for the medical social workers in Nigeria and in other parts of the world. Hence, it was recommended that the medical social workers have to give adequate attentions to the psycho-social needs of the patients. They have to assist the poor and helpless patients to overcome their financial, emotional, social and material problems in order to experience rapid recovery. © Kamla-Raj 2010.	Emotional Reactions; Medical Social Workers; Nurse; Patient; Physical Illness; Recovery	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33746092916	Categorical imperatives for alleviating the problems militating against organizational performance in Nigeria	Aluko M.A.O.	2006	European Journal of Scientific Research	13	4	None	Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Aluko, M.A.O., Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	This study examined the problems militating against organizational performance in Nigeria and then proceeded by suggesting the necessary categorical imperatives for alleviating the identified problems. Data were collected using both qualitative and quantitative methods. In all, 630 respondents who were selected via multiple sampling techniques were used for the study. The data were analyzed using parametric and non-parametric statistics. The findings reveal that the problems' militating against organizational performance is multidimensional and comprises of economic, technological, political, social and management issues. On the basis of these findings, the paper made some categorical imperatives, which will be of immense benefits in the area of policy formulation in the quest to alleviate these problems so that organizations can contribute their quota to national development. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2006.	Capacity utilization; Collectivistic; Downsizing; Industrializing; Liberalization; Materialistic	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84920102563	Status, emotional displays, and the relationally-based evaluation of criminals and their behavior	Dilks L.M., McGrimmon T.S., Thye S.R.	2015	Social Science Research	50	None	10.1016/j.ssresearch.2014.11.016	Department of Sociology and Anthropology, West Virginia University, PO Box 6326, Morgantown, WV, United States; Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Tukkiewerf Building, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Sociology, University of South Carolina, Sloan College, 911 Pickens St., Columbia, SC, United States	Dilks, L.M., Department of Sociology and Anthropology, West Virginia University, PO Box 6326, Morgantown, WV, United States; McGrimmon, T.S., Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Tukkiewerf Building, Pretoria, South Africa; Thye, S.R., Department of Sociology, University of South Carolina, Sloan College, 911 Pickens St., Columbia, SC, United States	This research uses status characteristics theory to expand our knowledge of the effects of status variables (e.g., race, education) and emotional displays on the antecedents of sentencing - evaluations of offender dangerousness and offense seriousness. We present a theoretical formulation that combines three areas of status characteristics research - reward expectations, individual evaluative settings and valued personal characteristics. The result is a quantitative measure that aggregates relative differences in demographic and emotional characteristics between offenders and their victims. The significance of this expectation advantage measure (e) in predicting evaluations of offender dangerousness and offense severity is tested using data from a vignette study. We find empirical support that expectation advantage significantly predicts these sentencing antecedents but not sentencing outcomes directly. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings for future status and criminological research. © 2014 Elsevier Inc.	Offender dangerousness; Offender-victim dyad; Offense severity; Sentencing; Status characteristics theory; Valued personal characteristics	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33749154694	Health impact assessement of multinational corporations oil exploration in the Niger-Delta region of Nigeria	Ewhrudjakpor C.	2006	European Journal of Scientific Research	14	3	None	Department of Sociology and Psychology, Delta State University, P.M.B. 1 Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria	Ewhrudjakpor, C., Department of Sociology and Psychology, Delta State University, P.M.B. 1 Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria	This study aimed at assessing the multinational oil corporations exploration activities impacting on health conditions of the peoples of the Niger Delta region in Nigeria. 435 respondents and 65 interviewees selected using the accidental sampling technique participated in this study. The structured questionnaire and an interview schedule was used to gather data which were analysed using simple percentages and the chi-square (X2) statistic. Results (X2 = (1) 3.87, P &lt; .05; X2 (7) 361.46, P &lt; .05) obtained shows that oil exploration activities impacted negatively on the health conditions of the inhabitants of these multinational oil companies host communities. Suggestions to reverse this corporate social irresponsibility were proffered. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2006.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84855527292	Bibliometrics as a tool for measuring gender-specific research performance: An example from South African invasion ecology	Prozesky H., Boshoff N.	2012	Scientometrics	90	2	10.1007/s11192-011-0478-7	Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag x1, Matieland, South Africa; Centre for Research on Evaluation, Science and Technology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag x1, Matieland, South Africa	Prozesky, H., Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag x1, Matieland, South Africa; Boshoff, N., Centre for Research on Evaluation, Science and Technology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag x1, Matieland, South Africa	Citations to published work are gaining increasing prominence in evaluations of the research performance of scientists. Considering the importance accorded to gender issues in South African science, it is surprising that (to our knowledge) no research has as yet ascertained the extent of sex differences in citations to the published work of scientists in this country. Our literature study shows that studies that have been conducted elsewhere tend to neglect in their analyses important gender-related and other factors, such as the sex composition of multi-authored papers and the extent of foreign co-authorship. Against this background, we illustrate the difficulties inherent in measuring the quality aspect of sex-specific research performance by means of an analysis of a dataset of articles (n = 229) that were published between 1990 and 2002 in the field of invasion ecology and in journals included in the Thomson Reuters Web of Science. Each article has at least one South African author address. The results indicate that foreign co-authorship is a better correlate of high citations than the sex of South African authors, and this is true irrespective of whether the annual citation rate or window period is used, whether or not self-citations are excluded, and whether or not the number of authors is controlled for by calculating fractional counts. The paper highlights these and other considerations that are relevant for future gender-focused bibliometric research, both in South Africa and beyond. © 2011 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary.	Bibliometrics; Citations; Gender; Invasion ecology; Research performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79959275553	Gendering at work: The production, performance and regulation of gendered subjects at a Stellenbosch restaurant	Crous M.E.	2010	South African Review of Sociology	41	2	10.1080/21528586.2010.490376	Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, 7602, Matieland, South Africa	Crous, M.E., Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, 7602, Matieland, South Africa	This article explores the social relations between restaurant staff in a busy Stellenbosch restaurant. Following Judith Butler's theoretical understanding of gender as a performative displacement onto bodies, I will methodologically show how the everyday practice of work in a restaurant is an example of a series of gendering performances producing gendered subjects. I analyse visible and invisible authorities that regulate subjects' performances, and reward and punish them accordingly. These authorities regulate speech acts and 'techniques of the body', which I suggest are performances of restaurant labour that produce gender. Everyday practice in a restaurant, such as tipping, shows the performative nature of gendered subjects, the multiple authorities that regulate their roles, and the limits of their agency. © South African Sociological Association.	Gender; Hierarchy; Performativity; Regulation; Restaurant work	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84923171832	The Relational Orientation of the African and Performance Management Practices in Selected Institutions in Ghana	Amoah S.K., Afranie S.	2015	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	6	1S1	10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n1s1p87	Department of Sociology, School of Social Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, South Africa	Amoah, S.K., Department of Sociology, School of Social Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, South Africa; Afranie, S., Department of Sociology, School of Social Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, South Africa	It is unsatisfactory to find that in the literature on employee performance appraisal management, enough attention has not been paid to the important factors in the socio-cultural context of the society in which organizations concerned are sited. Employing both qualitative and quantitative research approaches, the study explored the influence of certain socio-cultural values on performance appraisal practices in selected institutions in Ghana. Thus, the paper assesses some of the often neglected sociocultural factors and how they serve to moderate employee performance appraisal management in work organisations. It specifically discusses the relational orientation of the African and how it influences performance appraisal practices in organisations. Our hope is to enhance the understanding of researchers and human resource management practitioners of the realities of performance appraisal management within specific sociocultural contexts. The results reveal that in spite of the existence of established formal systems of performance appraisal in the universities studied, most of the officials in charge of appraisal face the challenge of objectivity and fairness due to their relational orientation. Virtually all the factors that pose this challenge to the officials are socio-cultural in nature. The express desire to maintain a good relation with subordinates and colleagues makes officials compromise on fairness and objectivity in appraising their subordinates. According to the study results, some managers believe that it is prudent to overrate one’s cordial relation with colleagues and subordinates over a strict adherence to institutional provisions provided one does not break any serious rule. © 2015, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Performance Management Practices; Relational Orientation; Sociocultural Values	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896859112	Evaluation of White yam (Dioscorea rotundata) genotypes for arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization, leaf nutrient concentrations and tuber yield under NPK fertilizer application	Dare M.O., Fagbola O., Abaidoo R.C., Asiedu R.	2014	Journal of Plant Nutrition	37	5	10.1080/01904167.2013.867988	Department of Soil Science and Land Management, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Dare, M.O., Department of Soil Science and Land Management, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria; Fagbola, O., Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Abaidoo, R.C., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria; Asiedu, R., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria	Yield decline in yam may not only be due to soil nutrient depletion but also to the activity of soil microflora. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis helps in plant nutrition but may be affected by the application of fertilizer. The effects of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizer rates on the AM colonization, leaf nutrient concentrations, and tuber yields of eleven genotypes of Dioscorea rotundata were investigated at Ibadan, Nigeria. The soil was ferric luvisol. Eleven genotypes were selected from the previously conducted screening of 75 genotypes of D. rotundata for fertilizer response. Four application rates: 0, 200, 400, and 600 kg ha-1 of NPK 15-15-15 were applied in a split plot design with four replications. Fertilizer rate was the main plot and variety was the sub plot. Percentage AM colonization was significantly reduced at 600 kg ha-1 but not at lower rates when compared to zero rate and it was negatively correlated with leaf N, P, and zinc (Zn) concentrations. Leaf N concentrations were significantly increased at 200 kg ha-1 in five genotypes and at 600 kg ha-1 in two genotypes compared to zero application. Leaf P and K concentrations were decreased with the application of fertilizer in most of the genotypes. The NPK fertilizer of 15-15-15 at the rate of 200-400 kg ha-1 gave yield response in eight genotypes of D. rotundata, with minimal or no effect on their AM colonization when compared to zero application. Long term study on the effect of fertilizer application on AM symbiosis in yam is recommended.© Taylor &amp; Francis Group, LLC.	arbuscular mycorrhiza; fertilizer; leaf nutrient concentrations; tuber yield; yam	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901298682	Impacts of dam on characteristics of tropical rainforest soils and sediments in south central Nigeria	Edosomwan N.L., Obazuaye E., Edosomwan E.U.	2013	Indian Journal of Agricultural Research	47	1	None	Department of Soil Science, Ambrose Alii University, P.M.B 14, Ekpoma, Nigeria; Rubber Research Institute, Iyanomo, BEN, Nigeria; Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Benin, Nigeria	Edosomwan, N.L., Department of Soil Science, Ambrose Alii University, P.M.B 14, Ekpoma, Nigeria; Obazuaye, E., Department of Soil Science, Ambrose Alii University, P.M.B 14, Ekpoma, Nigeria, Rubber Research Institute, Iyanomo, BEN, Nigeria; Edosomwan, E.U., Department of Soil Science, Ambrose Alii University, P.M.B 14, Ekpoma, Nigeria, Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Benin, Nigeria	The effects of Dam on soil erosion were examined in Ekpoma, Edo State of Nigeria with decrease in silt and clay contents, organic matter, phosphorus and ECEC in lands cleared of vegetation. The pfiof the sediment in upstream Ukhun dam areas were strongly acidic with effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) of 4.24 cmol/kg as compared to moderately acidic sediment with ECEC of 6.37 cmol/kg in the downstream Ibiekuma dam areas. The upstream sediments of clay and silt recorded 4.5% and 6.2% in Ukhun dam but 3.0% and 4.2% in down streams whereas 5.0% and 6.7% of clay and silt in upstream of Ibiekuma dam and 3.0% and 4.7% in down streams indicating the effects of downstream erosion. The velocity of flow in Ukhun and Ibiekuma up streams was 0.30 m/s but 0.35 m/s and 0.96 m/s in down streams respectively. The reduced water flow in the upstream have a negative effect on the communities downstream as they have to spend extra fertilizers to boost their crop yield.	Dam; Downstream; Erosion; Reservoir; Sediment; Upstream	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884950437	Evaluation of an integrated approach involving chemical and biological processes for the detoxification of gold tailings effluent in Ghana	Osei B.A., Ahmed R.M.	2013	West African Journal of Applied Ecology	21	1	None	Department of Soil Science, School of Agriculture, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; Department of Agronomy, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana	Osei, B.A., Department of Soil Science, School of Agriculture, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; Ahmed, R.M., Department of Agronomy, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana	Chemical and bio-remediation measures for the detoxification of pollutants such as cyanide and heavy metals in mine tailings effluent have been developed over the years. The study sought to evaluate the decrease in the concentrations of Cu, Zn, Fe, Cd, As and Pb through the integration of the processes involving photo-oxidation, activated carbon, hydrogen peroxide and bacterial degradation to decontaminate wastewater from the gold ore treatment plant until release into the environment in Ghana. The levels of trace metals Cu (0.345 mg l-1), Zn (0.07 mg l-1) and Fe (0.146 mg l-1) in treated effluent released into natural water bodies after bacterial degradation was generally within international and local standards for effluent discharges. Except for As, the levels of Cd and Pb which are hazardous heavy metals that may pose adverse health and environmental effects were within acceptable limits. The toxicity of these metals were in the increasing order Pb &lt; Cd &lt; As. The anthropogenic source of As in the chemically processed arseno-pyritic rock ores of the study area and the marginal 14-49% efficiency of As of the different detoxification processes could have contributed to the high levels of As in the effluent. If optimal conditions are attained for the decontamination processes used, the multi-remediation approach could be an effective solution for the decontamination of mine tailings effluent.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-44149104614	Assessment of sewage application in southeastern Nigeria Part 2: Impact on soil chemical properties, trace and heavy metal accumulation in soil and underground water	Asadu C.L.A., Ukadike B., Agada C.	2008	Outlook on Agriculture	37	1	None	Department of Soil Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria	Asadu, C.L.A., Department of Soil Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria; Ukadike, B., Department of Soil Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria; Agada, C., Department of Soil Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria	The impact of sewage sludge and effluent on soil and underground water after about 40 years of application was evaluated in this study, with a particular focus on selected soil chemical properties, some trace element (Zn, Cu) and heavy metal (Pb and Cd) accumulation, mobility in the soil profile and possible contamination of the underground water. The chemical properties of the soil studied included pH, exchangeable cations and acidity, cation exchange capacity (CEC), available P, organic matter and total N. Long-term disposal of sewage sludge and effluents on the soils significantly (P < 0.001) increased the exchangeable bases, exchangeable acidity, available P, soil organic matter, total N and CEC, but significantly lowered the pH of the soils. The fertility status of the sewage-treated soil was thus enhanced. The study also showed that both trace elements and heavy metals were significantly (P <0.05) higher in the sewage-amended soils than in the unamended soils. The accumulation of the trace and heavy metals in the former implies that the agricultural utilization of the sewage sludge and effluent should be done with care. The study showed no obvious adverse impact of the sewage sludge and effluent on underground water quality, but contamination by Pb is possible in the future.	Heavy/trace metals; Sewage impact; Soil exchange properties; Ultisol; Underground water	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84922350955	Land suitability for specific crop ranges using dynamic land suitability evaluation guidelines for small-scale communal irrigation schemes	Nethononda L.O., Odhiambo J.J.O., Paterson D.G.	2014	Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science	20	6	None	Department of Soil Science, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou, South Africa; Madzivhandila College of Agriculture, Thohoyandou, South Africa; ARC- Institute for Soil Climate and Water, Pretoria, South Africa	Nethononda, L.O., Department of Soil Science, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou, South Africa, Madzivhandila College of Agriculture, Thohoyandou, South Africa; Odhiambo, J.J.O., Department of Soil Science, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou, South Africa; Paterson, D.G., ARC- Institute for Soil Climate and Water, Pretoria, South Africa	Small-scale communal irrigation schemes that are not top-down managed comprise an important agricultural activity in many deep rural areas of South Africa. Farmers in these irrigation schemes, rely on basic indigenous knowledge of soil, climate and empirical observations of crop performance to make crop production decisions. Such knowledge is not sufficient to make appropriate land use decisions on crop suitability. Land suitability evaluation systems and approaches used in South Africa are often geared to commercial skilled farmers with better knowledge and technological resources for crop production. Objective of the study was to assess land suitability for specific crop ranges at Rambuda irrigation scheme using dynamic land suitability guidelines for small-scale irrigation schemes. The first step in these guidelines is community engagement through consultations and ensuring community participation in land utilization choices. This is followed by detailed survey of biophysical resources and assessment by matching land utilization type requirements and tolerances against land characteristics or qualities of each mapping unit to generate suitability ratings. Results showed that majority of mapping units were well suited (WS) and suited (S) for majority of specific crop ranges and only mapping unit Ao was marginally suited (MS) for citrus because of crusting, prone to compaction, crusting and moderate drainage. Dynamic land suitability evaluation guidelines were successful for assessing land suitability for specific crop ranges at Rambuda irrigations and will have to be tested in other irrigation schemes under different socio-cultural and biophysical conditions. © 2014, National Centre for Agrarian Sciences. All rights reserved.	Dynamic land suitability guidelines; Irrigation scheme; Specific crop ranges; Suitability rating	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867392500	Pedological aspects of land evaluation for in-field rainwater harvesting in south Africa	Le Roux P.A.L., Hensley M.	2012	Irrigation and Drainage	61	SUPPL.2	10.1002/ird.1688	Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Le Roux, P.A.L., Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Hensley, M., Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	The in-field rainwater harvesting (IRWH) technique was designed for improving crop yields of subsistence farmers in semi-arid areas in South Africa. An appropriate soil survey to identify suitable land was developed by means of a field study near Thaba Nchu, South Africa. Results of the land Type Survey of South Africa (scale 1 : 250 000) were used to advantage. Areas suitable for IRWH on two soilscapes were delineated at a scale of 1 : 10 000. Although the procedure was satisfactory, to provide accuracy appropriate for small plots a scale of 1 : 5000 is recommended. The most important pedological characteristic of an IRWH-suitable soil is its capacity to store plant-available water, termed total extractable soil water (TESW). Satisfactory TESW values for maize and sunflower are>150mm, values which occur on fine-textured soils at least 900mm in depth. Other important characteristics are the absence of hydromorphy shallower than 700mm, and a low final infiltration rate that promotes runoff into the basins. The reliability of land evaluation for IRWH can be enhanced by using appropriate crop models together with long-term climate data to compute cumulative probability functions of yield to provide evidence regarding viability for a particular ecotope. It is concluded that the relevant technology and knowledge available in South Africa are adequate for the task ahead. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd..	Mapping procedures; Semi-arid ecotopes; Soil profile characteristics	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940834960	Impact of modified laboratory learning environment on transformative biology process skills among secondary school students in Osun State, Nigeria	Salami M.O.	2015	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	6	5S1	10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n5s1p84	Department of Special Education and Curriculum Studies, Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-Ife Osun State, Nigeria	Salami, M.O., Department of Special Education and Curriculum Studies, Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-Ife Osun State, Nigeria	This study examined the impact a modified laboratory learning environment (MLLE) has on the Biology process skills of secondary school students. It compared the process skills of high and low achievers when taught in a modified laboratory learning environment and also determined how MLLE can improve achievement of students and their retention ability in Biology. 274 senior secondary class one (SSI) students were randomly selected from six intact classes for the study. A pre-test post-test quasi experimental design was adopted for the study. The students were taught plant and animal nutrition for six weeks. An Observation Checklist/Rating Scale containing 22-item exercises was used to assess the students’ process skills in an on-going manner during practical exercises. The instrument was adapted from the one used in the Faculty of Education, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria for assessing student-teachers’ teaching skills during teaching practice. It was found that the process skills of the students improved when they were taught under a modified laboratory learning environment. It was also found that the biology process skills of low achievers improved significantly and the students’ retention was also significant. The study concluded that a modified biology laboratory environment is an effective way of improving students’ biology process skills, achievement and retention. © 2015 Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33646446481	Impact of segregation and inclusive education at the basic education level on children with low vision in Ghana	Agbeke W.K.	2005	International Congress Series	1282	None	10.1016/j.ics.2005.05.039	Department of Special Education, University of Education, P.O. Box 25, Winneba, Ghana	Agbeke, W.K., Department of Special Education, University of Education, P.O. Box 25, Winneba, Ghana	This study was carried out to determine the impact that both segregation and inclusive education at the Basic Level have on children with low vision in Ghana. In all, 54 participants were involved in the study. The instruments used in the collection of data for this study were a semi-structured interview schedule and a questionnaire. Both interview and questionnaire items were based on, academic performance, orientation and mobility, activities of daily living, social interaction and the challenges and prospects of the two programmes. The results showed that visually impaired children from both programmes have problems with movement initially but overcome it after a year. Socially, children from inclusive programmes better participated in family and community activities than their counterparts in the special school. There was no significant difference in the academic performance of children from the two programmes. The two programmes have challenges but the prospects of inclusive education looks brighter. There is a balance in terms of academic performance and socialization. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.	Education; Ghana; Inclusive education; Segregation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941925633	Recall and understanding of feedback by adult patients following diagnostic audiological evaluation	Watermeyer J., Kanji A., Mlambo N.	2015	International Journal of Audiology	54	10	10.3109/14992027.2015.1051667	Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa	Watermeyer, J., Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa; Kanji, A., Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa; Mlambo, N., Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa	Objective: Patient recall and understanding of information provided during feedback sessions may impact on adherence to treatment recommendations and may be affected by the audiologist's information giving style. This study examined patients recall and understanding of diagnostic audiological information provided in a feedback session after an initial assessment. Design: An exploratory, qualitative research design was used and involved: (1) observation of audiological assessments; (2) video recording of feedback sessions between audiologists and patients; (3) audio recorded semi-structured interviews with participants. Transcription-less analysis was used for the videoed interactions and content analysis for the interviews. Study sample: Participants included five adult second-language English speaking patients and five audiologists at an audiology clinic. Results: Patients correctly recalled and understood diagnoses and recommendations but struggled to recall other information provided. There appeared to be a mismatch between the information audiologists deemed important, versus what patients actually recalled and understood. Both facilitatory and inhibitory information giving strategies were used by audiologists in feedback sessions. Conclusion: This study suggests the need for a greater focus on communication skills training in the audiology curriculum with particular attention paid to information giving strategies and patient-centredness. Implications for teaching and practice are discussed. © 2015 British Society of Audiology, International Society of Audiology, and Nordic Audiological Society.	audiology; diagnosis; feedback; patient education; Recall; understanding	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84938897783	Performance of EAL learners on a non-South African Articulation Test (GFTA-2)	van Biljon S., Nolte B., van der Linde J., Zsilavecz U., Naude E.	2015	Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies	33	2	10.2989/16073614.2015.1047388	Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, South Africa	van Biljon, S., Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Nolte, B., Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, South Africa; van der Linde, J., Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Zsilavecz, U., Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Naude, E., Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Research on the various aspects of child language development in South Africa has generally been an area neglected by specialists in the study of language. In South Africa's multilingual urban settings, English is the language of mutual understanding in most classrooms. The assessment of language (including speech sound production) in English additional language (EAL) pre-schoolers is hampered by the fact that insufficient standardised resources are available for use with young multilingual South African children. Research indicates that the Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation – Second Edition (GFTA-2) is a popular formal assessment instrument used for assessing children's articulation abilities by many speech-language therapists in South Africa. The study described the performance of English second language learners, aged between four and nine years, on the GFTA-2 in an urban region in the Gauteng province of South Africa. A descriptive, dominant-less-dominant model research design was used. No significant difference in performance between the second language learners and the normative indicators was noted. The results illustrate the need to adapt the GFTA-2 for the South African context. © 2015 NISC (Pty) Ltd.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956350487	Engaging sport-for-development for social impact in the South African context	Burnett C.	2009	Sport in Society	12	9	10.1080/17430430903137852	Department of Sport and Movement Studies, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa	Burnett, C., Department of Sport and Movement Studies, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa	The politics of development ideology and global leadership set the scene for sport (for) development in South Africa. Academic inquiry followed in an ad hoc way, mostly in the wake of contracted and/or externally and diverse disciplinary infused research paradigms. Diverse research agenda and donor requirements set the scene for Participatory Action Research as an enabling tool for researchers, funders and research participants whereby indigenous knowledge systems can be accessed and enriched in a collaborative venture of knowledge production. Four case studies of sport-for-development projects in the South African context explain the evolving architecture in this field. A discussion of three distinct and interrelated models, based on the rationale of Mintzberg (2006), affords insights within a social capital framework of a top-down, bottom-up and outside-in approach in various integrated formats. It is apparent that social impact and networking evolved around strategic alliance formation and development agendas of major stakeholders. © 2009 Taylor & Francis.	None	None	ASC, Australian Agency for International Development; AusAID, Australian Agency for International Development
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897437969	The impact of a sport-for-education programme in the South African context of poverty	Burnett C.	2014	Sport in Society	17	6	10.1080/17430437.2014.882903	Department of Sport and Movement Studies, University Of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa	Burnett, C., Department of Sport and Movement Studies, University Of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa	This article reports on a baseline study of a school-based, incentive-driven, sport-for-development programme (Mighty Metres) in the South African context of poverty. It is underpinned by multiple theoretical frameworks (the interpretative phenomenological approach). The baseline study entailed retrospective social impact collected from 15 schools where the Mighty Metres programme was implemented. A mixed-method approach was used for conducting 57 interviews and 35 focus group sessions, and 159 questionnaires were completed by learners and 29 by school and cluster coordinators. Various models of implementation render nuanced findings at meso- and micro-levels. At the meso-level findings relate to associative branding, improved image and recruitment capacity for schools, regular physical activity, inclusivity and a decrease in absenteeism. Parents obtained 'bragging rights', and teachers and learners improved their physical and health profiles, reported improved inter-personal relations, recognition and psychological benefits. © 2014 © 2014 Taylor & Francis.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33847632954	Impact of the legacy of apartheid on management of sport at the University of the North, South Africa	Toriola A.L., Moselakgomo V.K., Oladele P.O., Asaolu T.O.	2006	Journal of Human Movement Studies	51	5	None	Department of Sport and Physical Rehabilitation Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Lephutha Leadership Training and Development Institute, Marble Hall, Mpumalanga, South Africa; Department of Management and Accounting, Faculty of Administration, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Department of Sport and Physical Rehabilitation Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, P. Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa	Toriola, A.L., Department of Sport and Physical Rehabilitation Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa, Department of Sport and Physical Rehabilitation Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, P. Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Moselakgomo, V.K., Lephutha Leadership Training and Development Institute, Marble Hall, Mpumalanga, South Africa; Oladele, P.O., Department of Management and Accounting, Faculty of Administration, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Asaolu, T.O., Department of Management and Accounting, Faculty of Administration, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	South Africa has had a long history of social and political upheavals. Before multiracial elections and subsequent independence in 1994, the enforcement of apartheid laws and intensification of the struggle against it had considerable impact on the management and development of social order in the country. Several repressive laws especially the group areas act, entrenched the ideology of separate development and marginalised black South African people. The University of the North was one of the historically disadvantaged institutions established for black South Africans during the apartheid era. Consequently, it was not only under resourced compared to other universities that were predominantly attended by white South Africans, but was 'destined' to fail. Apartheid policies and values permeated historically disadvantaged institutions in South Africa to the extent that provision and management of sport at these institutions manifest symptoms of this historical past which are a set back to development. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the management of sport at the University of the North against back drop of racial and sectarian sport. It was concluded that historical events characterised by politically driven policies, poor resources, inadequate sport facilities and poor managerial skills stifled sport participation and development at the university. These challenges were discussed in the light of their implications for management and development of university sport. ©2006 Teviot Scientific Publications.	Apartheid policy; Competitive and recreational sport; Political transformation; South Africa; Sport development; Sport management; Sport participation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84898946765	Relationship between maximal exercise parameters and individual time trial performance in elite cyclists with physical disabilities	Boer P.-H., Terblanche E.	2014	South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation	36	1	None	Department of Sport Science, North West University, Mafikeng, South Africa; Department of Sport Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Boer, P.-H., Department of Sport Science, North West University, Mafikeng, South Africa; Terblanche, E., Department of Sport Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	It is widely accepted that the ventilatory threshold (VT) is an important determinant of endurance performance. This study investigated whether the physiological responses during a 20km time trial (TT) in cyclists with physical disabilities (medium to high functional ability) relate to their VT and also to determine which variable(s) best predict their performances. Nine elite cyclists (19±2yrs; 170±10cm; 62±8kg; 53±8 ml.min-1.kg-1) participated in the study. Subjects performed a ramped exercise protocol (20W·min-1) to exhaustion and a self-paced, 20km TT on the Velotron cycle ergometer. Mean values for heart rate (HR) (181±8bpm) and %HR max (92±3.13%) for the 20km TT were not significantly different when compared to values at VT (HR: 180±8bpm, %HR max: 93±1.17). However, the mean power output (PO) during the TT (199±42W) was significantly lower (p&lt;0.05) than the PO at the VT (250±65W). Peak power output (PPO) predicted 83% of the variance when performance was measured as 20km average watts and was the only significant variable, amongst all VT and maximal variables, included in the stepwise multiple regression model. These results suggest that the self-selected exercise intensity of cyclists with physical disabilities during a 20km TT and their VT is similar when exercise intensity is expressed as average HR and %HR max. Secondly, it has been shown for the first time that, similar to able-bodied cyclists, PPO at VT correlates best with TT performance in cyclists with disabilities.	Cycling; Disabilities; Peak power output; Performance; Time trial; Ventilatory threshold	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84865960841	The relationship between the bunkie-test and physical performance in rugby union players	Van Pletzen D., Venter R.E.	2012	International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching	7	3	10.1260/1747-9541.7.3.543	Department of Sport Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa	Van Pletzen, D., Department of Sport Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Venter, R.E., Department of Sport Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa	It is suggested that restrictions in the fascia along the kinetic chains could inhibit muscle function and therefore influence movement patterns, such as those required by skilled rugby players. The Bunkie-test has been proposed as a tool to identify fascia restrictions in five kinetic chains. The purpose of this study was to use the isometric Bunkie-test to determine its relationship with performance in selected physical tests (agility, speed, explosive power, and muscle endurance) in rugby union players. The participants (n = 121) were rugby union players from three academies. Results indicated significant relationships (p < 0.05) between performance in the Bunkie-test and the physical tests. Players who performed better on the Bunkie-test achieved better results in the physical tests. The Bunkietest might be a tool for coaches, trainers and therapists to identify weaknesses and imbalances in the kinetic chains of players. Addressing these problems could lead to improvements in sport performance, as well as assessing readiness of players to return to play after injuries.	Bunkie Test; Fascia; Isometric Exercise; Kinetic Chain; Muscle Function; Rugby Union	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-82255191315	Developing a peak performance profile measurement for sport	Potgieter J.R., Kidd M.	2011	South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation	33	3	None	Department of Sport Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1 Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; Statistics Consulting Centre, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Potgieter, J.R., Department of Sport Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1 Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; Kidd, M., Statistics Consulting Centre, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa	The purpose of this study was to construct a measuring instrument to assess sportspersons' psychological strengths and weaknesses. With this in mind, various developmental procedures were applied in the construction and development of an instrument over a period of more than seven years. The research was conducted in phases beginning with an initial 82-item instrument administered to 304 sport science students who participated in a variety of sports to the last phase culminating in a 15-item peak performance profile containing three independent subscales, namely concentration, stress control and confidence.	Mental skills; Peak performance; Psychometrics; Sport psychology	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84955260278	The impact of social media within the sporting industry	Hussain S.B.	2015	Problems and Perspectives in Management	13	4	None	Department of Sport Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, South Africa	Hussain, S.B., Department of Sport Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, South Africa	Public Relations within the sporting industry should play a vital role towards an organization's key publics, the relationships developed and the overall organizational image that the sport organization portrays. Ultimately public relations are responsible for creating and maintaining a mutually favorable relationship amongst an organization and its key publics. Based on this premise, it can therefore be said that public relations within the sporting industry serve as a management function which involves the managing of communication, reputation and relationships that determine the success or failure of that sport organization. The role of public relations within sporting organizations have acquired considerable significance in the new media era. Hence, making the job of a public relations professional equally easy and difficult in terms of understanding social media, how publics use it and how to connect with their key publics. Therefore this study set out to assess the impact of social media communication tools within the sporting industry. A quantitative descriptive methodology was employed for this study. The results of the study indicated that although social media are used as a communication tool, other social media platforms should be included in the sport organizations communication strategy. © Sameera Banu Hussain, 2015.	Communication; Public relations; Social media	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943264672	Relationship among fitness, morphological characteristics, skills and performance in men’s fastpitch softball	Wentzel M., Travill A.L.	2015	South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation	37	2	None	Department of Sport, Recreation and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa	Wentzel, M., Department of Sport, Recreation and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa; Travill, A.L., Department of Sport, Recreation and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa	Men’s fast pitch softball does not have a specific battery of tests and relies on the tests and norms of baseball. The specific morphological and fitness demands of the sport are, therefore, not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to establish whether morphological and fitness characteristics are related to skill and performance measures in men’s fast-pitch softball players. The sample was purposively selected and consisted of 15 provincial and 15 club male players. Anthropometric, fitness and skills test were conducted. Match statistics were obtained from the provincial softball federation for the provincial players and from the club for its members. Data were analysed and interpreted both collectively as a group and separately as teams for the purpose of comparison. The results identified a number of strong significant relationships between the different variables tested. Stature and percentage body fat were found to interact significantly with the two key performance areas, batting and base running. The findings convincingly suggest that coaches should include fitness, morphological and skills tests in their coaching and fitness programmes, team selection and talent identification processes. © 2015 University of Stellenbosch. All rights reserved.	Anthropometry; Correlations; Fast-pitch softball; Fitness; Performance; Skills	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84890377175	Effects of hydration strategies on competitive squash performance [Effetti delle strategie di idratazione sulle prestazioni da squash competitivo]	Fritz S., Toriola A.L., Neveling N.	2013	Medicina dello Sport	66	3	None	Department of Sport, Rehabilitation and Dental Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa	Fritz, S., Department of Sport, Rehabilitation and Dental Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Toriola, A.L., Department of Sport, Rehabilitation and Dental Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Neveling, N., Department of Sport, Rehabilitation and Dental Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa	Aim: Squash racket is a high intensity sport, which places considerable demand on the body's energy system. There is currently little information in the literature concerning the effects of squash racket on hydration status and performance. The objectives of this study were to determine if squash players do dehydrate during competitive squash-play and evaluate the effect of fluid loss on their performance. Methods: Thirteen elite male squash players (aged 23.8±3.26 years) volunteered to participate in the study. Following a VO2max test and fat percentage measurements, subjects completed two further sessions on a squash court on separate days in which measurements of body weight, bioelectrical impedance analysis, hematocrit, and hemoglobin were undertaken and a squash specific movement test (ghosting test) was performed before and after match-play. The same protocol was used during sessions A (no fluid consumption) and B (fluid consumption). During session B, the subjects consumed a total of 400 mL tap water (200 mL after game 1 and 200 mL after game 2). Results: The findings of the study suggest that the squash players' body weight decreased during both session A (74.78 kg to 73.78 kg) and session B (74.66 kg to 73.93 kg). Both sessions A and B recorded significant changes when the pre- and post-match body weights were compared. The largest fluid loss during the study was 1.33% during session A (no fluid consumption). Osmolality increased during both session A (291.53 to 296.46 mOsm.kg1) and session B (295.69 to 298.15 mOsm.kg') but a significant difference was only recorded during session A (without fluid consuming). Significant changes in intracellular and extracellular water content were recorded (P&lt;0.05). There was an improvement during sessions A and B when comparing pre- and post-match results for the squash-specific movement test. Conclusion: Whilst significant alterations in a number of hydration markers were observed, the results of the study support the notion that squash racket players should drink water during competitive games lasting 30 minutes or longer, if the player started the match fully hydrated. Further research is necessary to confirm the present findings.	Body fluids; Dehydration; Osmolar concentration; Racquet sports	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949664163	Decision support for evaluating player performance in rugby union	Calder J.M., Durbach I.N.	2015	International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching	10	1	None	Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa	Calder, J.M., Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa; Durbach, I.N., Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa	Many professional rugby teams collect extensive data on player performance, but the synthesis of this data into overall evaluations and subsequent selections is still largely left to the expert but unassisted judgment of coaching staff. Decision support systems are designed to assist this process by providing a framework for making decisions in a structured, transparent way. In this article we develop a decision support tool to assist performance evaluation in rugby. The method considers player performance over a range of attributes and addresses uncertainty both in the assessment of performance and in preferences for certain aspects of the game over others. We illustrate the approach using data collected for the 2008 and 2009 Super Rugby tournament.	Performance Analysis; Player Evaluation; Rugby Football; Sport Analytics	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84898945075	Psychological skills, playing positions and performance of African youth soccer teams	Jooste J., Steyn B.J.M., Van Den Berg L.	2014	South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation	36	1	None	Department of Sport, Rehabilitation and Dental Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Biokinetics, Sport and Leisure Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Jooste, J., Department of Sport, Rehabilitation and Dental Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Steyn, B.J.M., Department of Biokinetics, Sport and Leisure Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Van Den Berg, L., Department of Sport, Rehabilitation and Dental Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa	The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychological skills of African youth soccer players in different playing positions. The role of psychological skills and overall team performance was also determined. The sample consisted of male soccer players (N=152) between the ages of 14 and 18 years from 10 African countries competing in the 2010 Copa Coca-Cola soccer tournament. A cross-sectional survey design was used to determine the players' psychological skills by means of the Bull's Mental Skills Questionnaire and the Athletic Coping Skills Inventory-28 (ACSI-28). Results yielded insignificant differences between the subscale scores of the players in different playing positions. Concentration was the only psychological variable associated with performance. The middle four-ranked teams outscored the most successful and least successful teams in relaxation. Findings from this study could not confirm the widely acclaimed research assumption that psychological skill demands differ among players in different playing positions, nor the positive correlation between psychological skills and team success. Future research should investigate the perceptions and extent of psychological skills training among African youth soccer players, as well as the efficiency of psychological skills interventions aimed at enhancing overall team performance.	Athletic Coping Skills Inventory-28 (ACSI-28); Bull's mental skills questionnaire; Playing positions; Psychological skills; Youth soccer	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79953007457	Upper body muscle strength and batting performance in cricket batsmen	Taliep M.S., Prim S.K., Gray J.	2010	Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research	24	12	10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e7261b	Department of Sports Management, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Human Biology, MRC/UCT Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Newlands, South Africa	Taliep, M.S., Department of Sports Management, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa; Prim, S.K., Department of Human Biology, MRC/UCT Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Newlands, South Africa; Gray, J., Department of Human Biology, MRC/UCT Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Newlands, South Africa	The aim of this study was to determine if upper body muscle strength (as measured by the 1 repetition maximum bench press) was associated with cricket batting performance. Cricket batting performance was defined by the maximum hitting distance during a batting task and batting average and strike rate during 1-Day and Twenty/20 (T/20) matches. Eighteen, provincial level, elite cricket batsmen participated in the study. Upper body muscle strength was found to be positively correlated with maximum hitting distance (ρ = 0.0052). There were no significant correlations between upper body strength, batting average, and strike rate for both the 1-Day and T/20 matches. The results of this study have implications for coaches choosing a particular batting line-up. Batsmen who have stronger upper bodies could be favored to bat when a match situation requires them to hit powerful strokes resulting in boundaries. However, coaches cannot use upper body strength as a predictor of overall batting performance in 1-Day or T/20 matches. © 2010 National Strength and Conditioning Association.	Elite; Fitness; Power; Skill; Training	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84866016107	Management and evaluation of technological capability in ICT firms: An information system approach	Aderemi H.O., Oyebisi T.O.	2012	International Journal of Business Information Systems	11	2	10.1504/IJBIS.2012.048887	Department of Technology Innovation and Enterprise Studies, National Centre for Technology Management, Obafemi Awolowo University, P.M.B. 012, Ile-Ife, 22005, Nigeria; African Institute for Science Policy and Innovation, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-If	Aderemi, H.O., Department of Technology Innovation and Enterprise Studies, National Centre for Technology Management, Obafemi Awolowo University, P.M.B. 012, Ile-Ife, 22005, Nigeria; Oyebisi, T.O., African Institute for Science Policy and Innovation, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, 22005, Nigeria	Technological capability (TC) is the key assets and resources that enable a country and its enterprises to generate innovations, compete internationally and attain reasonable level of economic progress. While the accumulation of TC is central to organisations, its management and evaluation is less apparent. This study deployed the use of a time series information system to capture and evaluate TC in ICT firms using the visual basic programming language. Structured questionnaires and personal interviews were used to obtain primary data from purposively sampled 185 ICT firms involved in production, engineering, maintenance of ICT hardware and software with 85% response rate. The computer software developed generated information system that served as decision support for the management of TC in the firms. Evaluation of the software report reveal that successful conduct of feasibility studies, supplier linkage, networking with government laboratories and research institutes have implication for the generation of technology innovations in the firms. TC's like licensing, copying of imports and hardware manufacturing skills promotes the generation of innovations in the firm. Policy instrument can be used to boost technological learning and development in the areas identified. Copyright © 2012 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Business; Evaluation; Firms; ICT; Information and communications technology; Management; Software; TC; Technological capability; Technology innovation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-57849090614	Evaluating performances at the 2007 cricket world cup	Barr G.D.I., Holdsworth C.G., Kantor B.S.	2008	South African Statistical Journal	42	2	None	Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town; Investec Securities, Cape Town, South Africa	Barr, G.D.I., Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town; Holdsworth, C.G., Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town; Kantor, B.S., Investec Securities, Cape Town, South Africa	In this paper we apply the methodology of Barr and Kantor (Barr & Kantor, 2003) to evaluate the batting and bowling performances of the cricketers in the 2007 cricket world cup. The earlier Barr and Kantor paper developed criteria for evaluating the performance of batsmen and hinted at the extension of the methodology to bowling performances as well; here we extend the methodology to bowling in a parallel way and analyse both the batting and bowling performances of the participants in the 2007 Cricket World Cup and provide a ranking of performance for a set of given risk tolerance levels. The paper then goes on to select a World cricket team based on this analysis. The methodology provides some insights into the extraordinary dominance of the Australian team in this tournament in both batting and bowling and provides some pointers as to how teams might hope to match the Australians in the future, at least strategically. The analysis implies that to match the Australians in the batting department, batsmen would have to first accept a higher risk of dismissal in return for a faster scoring rate and to match them in the bowling department they would have to accept a higher risk of conceding more runs in return for improved chances of taking wickets.	Cricket world cup 2007; Selection criterion; Strike rate	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867268974	Measuring the performance of South African equity investment managers using portfolio opportunity distributions	van Heerden J.D., Botha A.F.	2012	Investment Analysts Journal	76	1	None	Department of Statistics and Actuarial Sciene, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch 7650, South Africa	van Heerden, J.D., Department of Statistics and Actuarial Sciene, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch 7650, South Africa; Botha, A.F., Department of Statistics and Actuarial Sciene, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch 7650, South Africa	Market indices and peer group comparison are the most commonly used proxies to measure a portfolio manager's relative performance and draw conclusions regarding a manager's skill in managing investment portfolios. However, methods based on both of these proxies have several drawbacks that may lead to incorrect conclusions regarding relative performance and skill. This study addresses the shortcomings of the traditional approaches, and applies an alternative method to eliminate their shortcomings, namely Portfolio Opportunity Distributions (PODs). The method is applied to all South African equity unit trust portfolios classified as either value or growth portfolios. Although data constraints ruled out any statistical testing of this hypothesis, the results nevertheless suggest that the PODs approach may indeed offer a more accurate performance measurement approach.	None	None	None
None	None	The impact of time use differentials on poverty levels in the Eastern and Northern Zones of Tanzania	Akarro R.	2008	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	13	None	Department of Statistics, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam - Tanzania, P.O. Box 35047, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Akarro, R., Department of Statistics, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam - Tanzania, P.O. Box 35047, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Development is positively correlated with poverty. People who are poor are generally less developed compared with the rich. Analysis of poverty levels in Northern and Eastern Zones of Tanzania is hereby presented. These zones were selected because they are a representative of coastal and upcountry cultures respectively. Principal component analysis was used in constructing poverty index. The households possessions that were used are type of the house roof, floor type, distance to water point, type of wall and type of toilet if any. Using principal component analysis, these factors explained about 51% of the total variation. Analysis showed that there were significant differences in poverty levels by regions. One of the determinants proposed to explain differences in poverty levels is time use. Time use variable was obtained from survey data that was collected by the NUFU project. Time use variable was collected for household head, spouse and the two eldest children. The contribution for spouse appeared to be highly significant for Mtwara and Tanga implying that the contribution of spouse to households welfare was eminent. The contribution by head of the household in Arusha and other regions in the Northern zones did not differ much from those by spouse. © EuroJournals, Inc. 2008.	Development; Gender; Poverty index; Principal component analysis; Time use	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84927160851	The performance of serial correlation preliminary test estimators under asymmetry loss functions	Nakale S.N., Kleyn J., Arashi M., Bekker A.	2015	South African Statistical Journal	49	1	None	Department of Statistics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Statistics, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Shahrood, Shahrood, Iran	Nakale, S.N., Department of Statistics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Kleyn, J., Department of Statistics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Arashi, M., Department of Statistics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa, Department of Statistics, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Shahrood, Shahrood, Iran; Bekker, A., Department of Statistics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	The risk performances, under the symmetric squared error loss function, of the estimators of the regression coefficients after a preliminary test for serial correlation have been widely investigated in the literature. However, it is well known that the use of the symmetric loss functions is inappropriate in estimation problems where underestimation and overestimation have different consequences. We consider the Linear Exponential and Bounded Linear Exponential loss functions which allows for asymmetry. The risks of the estimators are derived and numerically evaluated by using simulations.	BLINEX loss; LINEX loss; Preliminary test estimation; Risk function.; Serial correlation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956319397	The effect of social factors on students' academic performance in Nigerian tertiary institutions	Umar S.S., Shaib I.O., Aituisi D.N., Yakubu N.A., Bada O.	2010	Library Philosophy and Practice	2010	MAR	None	Department of Statistics, Federal Polytechnic, Auchi, Nigeria; Department of Computer Science, Federal Polytechnic, Auchi, Nigeria; Department Of Statistics, Federal Polytechnic, Auchi, Nigeria	Umar, S.S., Department of Statistics, Federal Polytechnic, Auchi, Nigeria; Shaib, I.O., Department of Statistics, Federal Polytechnic, Auchi, Nigeria; Aituisi, D.N., Department of Statistics, Federal Polytechnic, Auchi, Nigeria; Yakubu, N.A., Department of Computer Science, Federal Polytechnic, Auchi, Nigeria; Bada, O., Department Of Statistics, Federal Polytechnic, Auchi, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
None	None	Culture and its impact on the education of the Maasai and the coastal women of Tanzania	Akarro R.R.J.	2008	European Journal of Social Sciences	6	3	None	Department of Statistics, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Akarro, R.R.J., Department of Statistics, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	The percentage of educated women vs that of men in Tanzania and indeed in the whole of sub Saharan Africa is not the same. The percentage of educated women lags that of men. Traditional culture is singled out as a significant factor contributing to this anomaly in Tanzania. This factor is analyzed for selected tribes of Tanzania, namely the coastal people with their menarche culture and he Maasai with their circumcision culture. Although the two cultures are significantly different, they have the same impact on marriage and education for the women in their respective tribes. Even through the analysis has been done primarily to the Maasai and the Coastal women of Tanzania, the phenomenon of education neglect for women is prevalent to most of the tribes in Tanzania. Recommendations are made to show what should be done to rectify the situation so as to narrow the gap between the proportion of women educated and that of men.	Circumcision; Coastal women; Education; Maasai; Marriage; Menarche; Tribal culture	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-53749100545	Performance of the estimators of linear regression model with autocorrelated error terms which are also correlated with the geometric trended regressor	Olaomi J.O.	2008	European Journal of Scientific Research	20	1	None	Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Olaomi, J.O., Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Assumptions in the classical normal linear regression model include that of lack of autocorrelation of the error terms and the zero covariance between the explanatory variable and the error terms. This paper is channeled towards understanding the performance of estimators of the parameters of the linear regression models when the above two assumptions are violated. The study used the Monte-Carlo method to investigate the performance of five estimators: OLS, CORC, HILU, ML and MLGRID in estimating the parameters of a single linear regression model in which the geometric explanatory variable is also correlated with the autoregressive error terms. The finite sampling properties of Bias, Variance and RMSE were used in evaluating the estimators. The results show that all estimators are adversely affected as autocorrelation coefficient (ρ) is close to unity. The estimators rank as follows in descending order of performance: OLS, MLGRID, ML, CORC and HILU as ρ increases while as significant level (α) decreases the ranking is MLGRID, ML, OLS, CORC and HILU. The estimators conform to the asymptotic properties of estimates considered. This is seen at all levels of autocorrelation and at all significant levels. The estimators' rank in decreasing order in conformity with the observed asymptotic performance as follows: HILU, OLS, ML, MLGRID, and CORC. The results suggest that OLS should be preferred when autocorrelation level is relatively mild (ρ = 0.4) and the geometric regressor is significantly correlated at 5% with the autocorrelated error terms. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2008.	Autocorrelated error terms; Correlation; Estimators; Geometric trended regressor; Monte-Carlo experiment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-37349024327	On the estimation and performance of subset autoregressive moving average models	Ojo J.F.	2007	European Journal of Scientific Research	18	4	None	Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Ojo, J.F., Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Full autoregressive moving average model are always characterize by many parameters and this is a problem. Some of these parameters are always close to zero and there is the need to eliminate these parameters and this can be done through subsetting. In this paper subset autoregressive moving average models is considered using the proposed algorithm and as well compare with subset autoregressive models. The autoregressive models of order p and autoregressive moving average models of order p and q from which we can have various subsets is represented respectively thus: Xt = φ1Xt-1 + φ 2Xt-2 + φpXt-p + εt 1 (1 - a1 β - a2 β 2 - ⋯ - ap βp) Yt = (1 + b1 β + b2 β 2 + ⋯ + bp βp) εt (2) The best model among the subsets autoregressive models and subsets autoregressive moving average models is selected using the Akaike Information Criteria. The best models in the subsets autoregressive models and the subsets autoregressive moving average models are compared using residual variance. Results revealed that the residual variance attached to the subset autoregressive moving average model is smaller than the residual variance attached to the subset autoregressive model. We conclude that the subset autoregressive moving average model perform better than subset autoregressive model. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2007.	Full autoregressive moving average model; Model estimation; Order determination criterion; Subset selection; Subsets autoregressive models	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-53749100085	Comparative performance of the limited information techniques in a two-equation structural model	Adepoju A.A.	2008	European Journal of Scientific Research	20	1	None	Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Adepoju, A.A., Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	The samples with which we deal in practice are rather small, seldom exceeding 80 observations and frequently much smaller. Thus, it is of great interest to inquire into the properties of estimators for the typical sample sizes encountered in practice. The performances of three simultaneous estimation methods using a model consisting of a mixture of an identified and over identified equations with correlated error terms are compared. The results of the Monte Carlo study revealed that the Two Stage Least Squares (2SLS) and the Limited Information Maximum Likelihood (LIML) estimates are similar and in most cases identical in respect of the just-identified equation. The Total Absolute Biases (TAB) of 2SLS and LIML revealed asymptotic behavior under (upper triangular matrix), P1, while those of Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) exhibited no such behavior. For both upper and lower triangular matrices (P1 and P2), 2SLS estimates showed asymptotic behavior in the middle interval. The OLS is the only stable estimator with a stable behavior of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) as its estimates increase (decrease) consistently for equation 1 (equation 2) for P1 (for P2). © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2008.	Estimator; Identification; Monte Carlo; Mutual correlation; Random deviates	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-65249186432	On the estimation and performance of subset autoregressive integrated moving average models	Ojo J.F., Olatayo T.O.	2009	European Journal of Scientific Research	28	2	None	Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Mathematical Science, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria	Ojo, J.F., Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Olatayo, T.O., Department of Mathematical Science, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria	Significant effort have been made in the study of the theory of subset autoregressive models and subset autoregressive moving average models; but less concerted effort have been made in the theory of subset autoregressive integrated moving average models. This study therefore focuses on the estimation and performance of subset autoregressive integrated moving average models. In this study, subset autoregressive integrated moving average models were compared with full autoregressive integrated moving average models. The parameters of these models were estimated using Marquardt algorithm and Newton-Raphson iterative method and the statistical properties of the derived estimates were investigated. An algorithm was proposed to eliminate redundant parameters from the full order autoregressive integrated moving average models. To determine the performance of the models, residual variance, Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) were adopted. Results revealed that the residual variance attached to the subset autoregressive integrated moving average models is smaller than the residual variance attached to the full autoregressive integrated moving average models. Subset autoregressive integrated moving average models performed better than the full autoregressive integrated moving average models. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2009.	Akaike information criterion; Bayesian information criterion and residual variance; Marquardt algorithm; Newton-Raphson	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-67649876364	Measuring forecast performance of ARMA and ARFIMA models: An application to US Dollar/UK Pound foreign exchange rate	Shittu O.I., Yaya O.S.	2009	European Journal of Scientific Research	32	2	None	Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Shittu, O.I., Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Yaya, O.S., Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	The classical approach to modelling economic series is to apply the Box - Jenkins approach of ARMA or ARIMA depending on whether the series is stationary or non- stationary. If such series exhibits long memory property, forecast values based on ARIMA model may not be reliable. This studies therefore focused on measuring forecast performance of ARIMA(p,d,q) and ARFIMA (p,d,q) models for stationary type series that exhibit Long memory properties. The UK Pound/US Dollar exchange rate data were analysed by OX 5.1 package using the Root mean Square forecast Error (RMSFE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Forecast Error (MAPFE) as measurement criteria. The ARFIMA model was found to be better than ARMA model as indicated by model diagnostic tools. The estimated forecast values from ARFIMA model is more realistic and closely reflect the current economic reality in the two countries as indicated by the forecast evaluation tools. The results are in agreement with Kwiatkowski et.al.(1992) and Boutahar, M. (2008). © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2009.	Exchange rate; Forecasting; Fractional integration; Long memory; Nonlinearity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84865279535	Evaluation of small sample estimators of outliers infested simultaneous equation model: A monte carlo approach	Adepoju A.A., Olaomi J.O.	2012	Journal of Applied Economic Sciences	7	1	None	Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Statistics, University of South Africa, South Africa	Adepoju, A.A., Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Olaomi, J.O., Department of Statistics, University of South Africa, South Africa	In practice, data collected in a broad range of applications frequently contain one or more atypical observations called outlier. A single outlier can have a large distorting influence on a classical statistical method that is optimal under the assumption of normality or linearity. Many estimation procedures proposed by researchers to handle simultaneous equation models are based on the assumptions that give little consideration to atypical data, thus the need to investigate the distorting effects of outliers in simultaneous equations estimation methods. In this study, we compare the performance of five estimators (OLS, 2SLS, 3SLS, GMM and W2SLS) of simultaneous equations model parameters at small sample sizes (n) 15, 20 and 25; first order autocorrelation levels (ρ) 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 of the error terms, when the series are perturbed at zero, one and two times. The estimators are adjudged using the minimum criteria of Bias, Variance and RMSE criteria on the 135 scenarios, each replicated 10,000 times. Identical results were obtained for the 2SLS and W2SLS methods since there are no restrictions on the parameters. The system methods clearly performed better than the single equation counterparts. Generally, the estimates obtained for the just identified equation are better than those of the over identified counterpart. Surprisingly, the ranking of the various techniques on the basis of their small sample properties does not reveal any distinguishable feature according to whether there is outlier(s) in the data or not and at the different level of correlation, but all the estimators behave asymptotically. On the BIAS criterion, the best method is OLS in the just identified equation, followed by 3SLS in most cases especially where the pollution level is zero for all the three autocorrelation levels considered. The GMM and 2WSLS struggled for the third and last positions. However, in the over identified case, 3SLS is leading closely followed by GMM in most cases (when rho is 0.9 for all sample sizes considered) and OLS in few other cases (especially at rho = 0.3 and 0.6 and for N = 20 and 25 with single/double pollution levels), it is expected that we would be able to identify or suggest the best method to use when we have the scenario depicted above.	Autoregressive error terms; Outlier; Simultaneous equations; Small sample	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-44649178916	Measures of batting performance in a short series of cricket matches	Lemmer H.H.	2008	South African Statistical Journal	42	1	None	Department of Statistics, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa	Lemmer, H.H., Department of Statistics, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa	The traditional average is not a satisfactory measure of batting performance if a batsman has many not-out scores. The purpose of this paper is, firstly, to define an estimator that will always give a reliable estimate of the average, even in the case of a batsman having a large percentage of not-out scores, and secondly also a comprehensive measure of batting performance for a short series, e.g. a test or ODI series. Strong arguments are given why the traditional average should not be used in the case of high proportions of not-out scores.	Batting average; Cricket; Not-out scores	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-81155150391	The single match approach to strike rate adjustments in batting performance measures in cricket	Lemmer H.H.	2011	Journal of Sports Science and Medicine	10	4	None	Department of Statistics, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa	Lemmer, H.H., Department of Statistics, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa	Batting performance measures containing strike rate adjustments take into account the important fact that if two batsmen had scored the same number of runs in a match, the one with the better strike rate had performed best. But match conditions can influence the batting and bowling performances of cricket players. On a good pitch a batsman can get a good score at a high strike rate, but if the pitch was bad, a similar good score is normally accompanied by a much lower strike rate. The main objective of this study is to propose a method that can be used to make batsmen's scores comparable despite the fact that playing conditions might have been very different. The number of runs scored by a batsman is adjusted by comparing his strike rate with the overall strike rate of all the players in the specific match. These adjusted runs are then used in the most appropriate formula to calculate the average of the batsman. The method is illustrated by using the results of the Indian Premier League 2009 Twenty20 Series played during May and June 2009. The main conclusion is that the traditional average is not the most appropriate measure to compare batsmen's performances after conclusion of a short series. © Journal of Sports Science and Medicine.	Batting average; Indian premier league; Ratings; Sports	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-82255166246	Performance measures for wicket keepers in cricket	Lemmer H.H.	2011	South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation	33	3	None	Department of Statistics, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa	Lemmer, H.H., Department of Statistics, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa	A wicket keeper should not only perform well behind the wickets in terms of taking catches, executing stumpings and limiting the number of byes, but should also perform well as a batsman. The purpose of this study is to combine the dismissal rate (based on the number of catches and stumpings) and a measure of batting performance into measuring wicket-keeping performance. Measures are developed and applied to rank wicket keepers for test matches and for one-day internationals (ODIs) alike. The first two measures are for wicket keepers' test and one-day international careers, and then the necessary modifications are made to make the measures suitable for use after a short series of matches. The measures are easy to apply, which is in contrast to cumbersome methods found on the internet. In the case of test matches the ranking of wicket keepers is Adam Gilchrist, Brad Haddon and Kamran Akmal in the top three positions. In ODIs the ranking is Gilchrist, Haddon and Dhoni, with Boucher and Sangakkara alternating in the fourth and fifth positions.	Batting; Byes; Catches; Cricket; Dismissals; Sport; Stumpings	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77951791760	Batting and bowling performance measures for list-a and first class cricket matches	Lemmer H.H.	2010	South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation	32	1	None	Department of Statistics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa; 122 Fourth Avenue, Fairland 2170, South Africa	Lemmer, H.H., Department of Statistics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, 122 Fourth Avenue, Fairland 2170, South Africa	It is always difficult to decide whether a batsman (or bowler) who performs well in domestic matches should replace a player in the national team. It is therefore necessary that a sound basis should be found for a comparison of players' performances on local and international levels. In this study the performance measures BPW for batsmen and CBPW for bowlers at international level are extended to include this situation. This is achieved by determining appropriate weights for runs scored by batsmen, and also for wickets taken and runs conceded by bowlers, in local matches. BPW and CBPW are applied to each player's complete set of one-day scores (local and international) and recommendations are made on which players should be considered for inclusion in the ODI team. The same is done in the case of unlimited overs matches in order to identify strong new candidates for the test team.	Cricket; Rankings; Weights for runs; Weights for wickets	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904347663	Optimal controllability of manpower system with linear quadratic performance index	Udom A.U.	2014	Brazilian Journal of Probability and Statistics	28	2	10.1214/12-BJPS195	Department of Statistics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria	Udom, A.U., Department of Statistics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria	In classical manpower systems analysis, control of the system usually results in a set of admissible controls. This forms the basis for the use of the concepts of optimal control to distinguish this set of admissible controls for optimality. In this paper, the concepts of classical deterministic optimal control are extended to examine the optimal controllability of manpower system modeled by stochastic differential equations in terms of the differential flow matrices for both time varying and time invariant manpower systems. Necessary and sufficient conditions for controllability are given. The Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation is used to obtain an algebraic Riccati equation for an optimal tracking linear quadratic problem in a finite time horizon. A 2-norm optimality criterion which is equivalent to a minimum effort criterion is used to obtain a 2-norm optimal control for the system. An optimal time control is also obtained. © Brazilian Statistical Association, 2014.	Controllability; Manpower system; Stochastic differential equation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897589973	Compressive strength evaluation of mortarless interlocking masonry	Pave R., Uzoegbo Fims H.C.	2013	Masonry International	26	3	None	Department of Structural Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Pave, R., Department of Structural Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Uzoegbo Fims, H.C., Department of Structural Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	The compression strength testing procedure for masonry units with unsupported projections is not well documented and can be quite complex. Most laboratories use cores taken from the samples for compression testing. This paper is based on the development of alternative testing methods for dry-stack (mortarless) interlocking masonry units and walling systems. The blocks rely mainly on the interlocking keys for stability and were made of compressed soil-cement extruded under a pressure of about 10N/mm2. The blocks are developed, marketed and certified for use in construction in South Africa by AGREMENT SA [1]. The product has achieved reasonable commercial success in parts of Africa, Asia and South America mainly due to its simplicity, savings in mortar and speed of construction compared to conventional masonry. In order to establish suitable test methods, axial compression tests were conducted on full scale block units using platens that match the complex surface configuration of the units and in-service load paths. Cubes were also cored from the masonry units and tested as control samples. The results show that the method of testing and the moisture content are important factors in the strength of the masonry units. Provisions on conventional masonry walling are used for comparison. The test results were used to develop an empirical model for the prediction of the load capacity of the dry-stack interlocking block units.	Compressive strength; Dry-stack masonry; Interlocking blocks; Wall panels	None	National Research Foundation
WoS	WOS:000270909400007	METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES IN EVALUATING HEALTH CARE FINANCING EQUITY IN DATA-POOR CONTEXTS: LESSONS FROM GHANA, SOUTH AFRICA AND TANZANIA	Akazili, James,Ataguba, John,Borghi, Josephine,CHERNICHOVSKY, D,Di McIntyre,HANSON, K,Meheus, Filip,Mtei, Gemini,Rehnberg, Clas	2009	INNOVATIONS IN HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCE IN DEVELOPING AND TRANSITIONAL ECONOMIES	21	None	10.1108/S0731-2199(2009)0000021009	Ghana Health Service, Karolinska Institutet, Navrongo Health Research Center, University of Cape Town, University of London, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Royal Trop Inst KIT	"Akazili, James: Ghana Health Service","Akazili, James: Navrongo Health Research Center","Ataguba, John: University of Cape Town","Di McIntyre: University of Cape Town","Rehnberg, Clas: Karolinska Institutet",	Objective - Measurement of the incidence of health financing contributions across socio-economic groups has proven valuable in informing health care financing reforms. However, there is little evidence as to how to carry out financing incidence analysis (FIA) in lower income settings. We outline some of the challenges faced when carrying out a FIA in Ghana, Tanzania and South Africa and illustrate how innovative techniques were used to overcome data weaknesses in these settings. Methodology - FIA was carried out for tax, insurance and out-of-pocket (OOP) payments. The primary data sources were Living Standards Measurement Surveys (LSMS) and household surveys conducted in each of the countries; tax authorities and insurance funds also provided information. Consumption expenditure and a composite index of socio-economic status (SES) were used to assess financing equity. Where possible conventional methods of FIA were applied. Numerous challenges were documented and solution strategies devised. Results - LSMS are likely to underestimate financial contributions to health care by individuals. For tax incidence analysis, reported income tax payments from secondary sources, were severely under-reported. Income tax payers and shareholders could not be reliably identified. The use of income or consumption expenditure to estimate income tax contributions was found to be a more reliable method of estimating income tax incidence. Assumptions regarding corporate tax incidence had a huge effect on the progressivity of corporate tax and on overall tax progressivity. LSMS consumption categories did not always coincide with tax categories for goods subject to excise tax (e.g. wine and spirits were combined, despite differing tax rates). Tobaceo companies, alcohol distributors and advertising agencies were used to provide more detailed information on consumption patterns for goods subject to excise tax by income category. There was little guidance on how to allocate fuel levies associated with public transport' use. Hence, calculations of fuel tax on public transport were based on individual expenditure on public transport, the average cost per kilometre and average rates of fuel consumption for each form of transport. For insurance contributions, employees will not report on employer contributions unless specifically requested to and are frequently unsure of their contributions. Therefore, we collected information on total health insurance contributions from individual schemes and regulatory authorities. OOP payments are likely to be under-reported due to long recall periods; linking OOP expenditure and illness incidence questions - omitting preventive care; and focusing on the last set-vice used when people may have used multiple services during an illness episode. To derive more robust estimates of financing incidence, we collected additional primary data on OOP expenditures together with insurance enrolment rates and associated payments. To link primary data to the LSMS, a composite index of SES was used in Ghana and Tanzania, and non-durable expenditure was used in South Africa. Policy implications - We show how data constraints can be overcome for FIA in lower income countries and provide recommendations for future studies.	,TAX	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84910678661	Awareness and practice of breast screening and its impact on early detection and presentation among breast cancer patients attending a clinic in Lagos, Nigeria	Olajide T.O., Ugburo A.O., Habeebu M.O., Lawal A.O., Afolayan M.O., Mofikoya M.O.	2014	Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice	17	6	10.4103/1119-3077.144404	Department of Surgery, General Surgery Unit, University of Lagos/Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Burns, Plastic Surgery Unit, College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Biology, College	Olajide, T.O., Department of Surgery, General Surgery Unit, University of Lagos/Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria; Ugburo, A.O., Department of Burns, Plastic Surgery Unit, College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria; Habeebu, M.O., Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Biology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos/Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria; Lawal, A.O., Department of Surgery, General Surgery Unit, University of Lagos/Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria; Afolayan, M.O., Department of Surgery, General Surgery Unit, University of Lagos/Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria; Mofikoya, M.O., Department of Burns, Plastic Surgery Unit, College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria	Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among females in Nigeria. The concept of breast screening (BS) is that it would result in presentation at earlier stages. We evaluated the impact of BS on early detection and presentation of breast cancer and determined the aspects BS need improvement.Patients and Methods: All patients with a diagnosis of malignant breast lump attending clinics at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria were recruited into the study over a 2-year period. Self-administered questionnaires were given to patients. Data collected were demographics, knowledge about BS, practice of BS, the motivation to practice BS and the source of information on BS.Results: Of 218 patients seen, 147 (67.4%) patients presented at the surgical outpatient clinic and 71 (32.6%) at the radiotherapy clinic, with age 48.01 ± 0.80 years. A total of 156 (71.6%) were aware of BS, while 62 (28.4%) were not aware. A logistic regression analysis showed that only the level of formal education predicted awareness of BS, P = 0.001 Nagelkerke's R2 = 0.126. Awareness of BS was mainly from electronic media 87 (55.7%). There was no significant difference in the ages of those aware and practicing BS 48.03 ± 1.05 years, and those not practicing BS 46.32 ± 1.94 years, P = 0.446. There was no significant difference in presentation for those practicing BS 7.41 ± 1.30 months, and those not practicing BS 11.38 ± 2.91 months, P = 0.175, with 64% practicing BS presenting late, while 77% not practicing BS presenting late, χ2 = 2.432, P = 0.488. A logistic regression analysis did not show any demographic or clinical parameters as predictive P = 0.225 Nagelkerke's R2 = 0.126.Conclusion: The high level of awareness and practice of BS was not translated into the presentation with early breast cancer.	Breast screening; Mammography; Physician clinical examination; Self-breast examination	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879999017	Continuous assessment, mock results and gender as predictors of academic performance of chemistry students in WASSCE and NECO examinations in Ekiti state	Adesoji F.A., Kenni A.M.	2013	International Education Studies	6	7	10.5539/ies.v6n7p1	Department of Teacher Education, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Chemistry, College of Education, Ikere Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria	Adesoji, F.A., Department of Teacher Education, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Kenni, A.M., Department of Chemistry, College of Education, Ikere Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria	Education is one of the fundamental and critical indices of development in a nation or an individual. The challenges post by our fast changing and dynamic world informed the need to constantly access the educational process so as to guarantee quality of educational assessment; several factors have been identified to be responsible for students' poor performance in chemistry at the secondary school level. One of these factors could be modes of assessment. This paper, therefore investigated Continuous Assessment, Mock results and gender as predictors of academic performance in WASSCE and NECO Examinations. The study adopted a survey research design of the ex-post facto type. The sample comprised 892 senior secondary school III drawn fromthe secondary schools in Ikere local government area of Ekiti state. Three research questions were answered in the study. Data were analysed using multiple regression statistic. The results showed that 41.3% of the total variance in chemistry students, performance in WASCE results is accounted for by mock results, continuous assessment and gender (adjusted R2 = 0.413). And 0.7% of the total variance in chemistry students, performance in NECO examination results is accounted for by three factors (continuous assessment, mock results and gender) (R2 =0.007%).the three factors made significance relative contribution to chemistry students' academic performance in WASCE; continuous assessment (β= 0.282, p= 0.05&lt;), mock results (β=0.396, p=&lt;0.05) and gender (β=0.078, P=&lt;0.05) while the contribution to performance in NECO examination is not significance. Mock result made the greatest contributions to chemistry students academics performance in NECO (β=0.070, p=&lt;0.05) followed by continuous assessment (β=0.066, P=&lt;0.05) and gender (β= 0.061, p=&lt;0.05). Gender has significant influence on chemistry students' academic performance in WASSCE (β=0.078, p&lt;0.05) while it has little or no influence on chemistry students' performance in NECO (β=0.061, p&lt;0.05). That is, the three variables could be used to predict chemistry students' academic performance. It is recommended among others that school authority should ensure that only students whose performance in continuous assessment and mock examination is encouraging are allowed to register for either WASSCE or NECO examinations.Also, both internal and external assessment should be done without gender bias.	Academic performance; Continuous assessment; Gender; Mock results	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84866619901	Impact of clicker technology in a mathematics course	Simelane S., Skhosana P.M.	2012	Knowledge Management and E-Learning	4	3	None	Department of Teaching and Learning with Technology, Higher Education and Support, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa	Simelane, S., Department of Teaching and Learning with Technology, Higher Education and Support, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa; Skhosana, P.M., Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa	This article reports on the implementation of clickers to improve the success rate of first-year mathematics students. There were 105 students registered in this course, in a university of technology in South Africa. In order to do this, an orientation test in the form of a paper-based assessment was first conducted to determine what students already knew. About 21.9% of the students did not take the test and 20% did not pass it. These results raised concerned. Thereafter students were taught. After four weeks they were evaluated on their understanding of the concept taught in class. Results did not improve much, as 48.6% of the students did not pass the test. Therefore, a technology-engagement teaching strategy (TETS) using clicker technology was developed and implemented in order to improve the pass rate. Weekly continuous assessments or diagnostic tests were conducted in order to establish the changes in students' academic performance. A survey questionnaire was administered after the teaching and learning of incorporating clickers. This questionnaire also examined students' perspective on the usefulness of clickers in teaching and learning. The results showed that the effective implementation of clickers with the integration of a TETS improved students' success rate.	Academic performance; Clickers; Technology-engagement teaching strategy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-20444456737	The perceptions of students and lecturers of some factors influencing academic performance at two South African universities	Fraser W., Killen R.	2005	Perspectives in Education	23	1	None	Department of Teaching and Training Studies, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Australia	Fraser, W., Department of Teaching and Training Studies, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Killen, R., Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Australia	This article presents the results of two recent empirical investigations at universities in South Africa (University of Pretoria and University of South Africa) where an attempt was made to identify the pre- and post-enrolment factors that lecturers and students perceived as having the most important influence on students' success in their university studies. The opinions of lecturers were compared with those of various groups of undergraduate students within and across the two universities. Different genders, different years of study, different home languages, different languages of instruction, and different modes of study (contact and distance education) were considered. The investigations revealed a strong level of agreement between lecturers and students concerning most factors that were identified as being likely to contribute to students' academic success. However, there was considerable diversity in the opinions of lecturers and students concerning the factors that were identified as being likely to contribute to students' failure at university. These differences were more pronounced at the distance education institution than at the contact university. At both universities the results of the studies pointed to a number of instructional practices that seem to be limiting the opportunities for students to develop the levels of understanding and insight that lecturers expect of undergraduates. The studies also showed that some students were taking counter-productive approaches to their study.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892509550	Effect of an improvised furnance on students performance in foundry technology in technical colleges in Rivers State, Nigeria	Ogundu I., Wordu H.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	1	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n1p649	Department of Technical Education, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Ogundu, I., Department of Technical Education, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Wordu, H., Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of an improvised furnace on students' performance in foundry technology in technical colleges in Rivers State. The study adopted research and development incorporating quasiexperimental design. It involved the use of control group, pre-test - post test design. The population of 194 students from four technical colleges in Rivers State were used for the study. The instrument for data collection was made up of Foundry Technology Achievement Test (FTAT) developed by the researcher. The achievement test consists of 50-multiple choice items with four options of A-D. The test items were identified and selected from the content of (NABTEB) syllabus on metal work technology. Test re-test method was used to establish the reliability of the instrument; the tests yielded 0.70,073 and 0.72, 0.74 for the first and second tests respectively. Four experts in metal work technology were involved in both face and content validity of the improvised furnace and 200 multiple-choice test items. The results obtained from the test scores were compiled and analyzed using statistical tools such as; percentage, mean, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) in answering the research question and testing the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. improvised furnace had positive effects on students' performance in foundry (15.32). The difference in performance between those taught using improvised furnace and those taught using conventional teaching aids was found to be significant at 0.05 levels of significance. Based on the findings of the study, the researcher recommended that government, technical college principals and the different agencies should provide fund to procure the materials and component for designing and constructing furnace by the teacher for teaching foundry in technical colleges in Rivers State. Also, constant power supply, generators, accumulators, anvil, steel vessel, pipes and electric blower should be provided and distributed by the ministry of education to the technical colleges for construction of furnace for effective teaching of foundry in Rivers State. The industries, government, non-governmental agencies and private enterprises and communities should provide components, consumable materials necessary for teaching foundry and supply the materials directly to the individual technical colleges in Rivers State.	Foundry; Furnaces; Improvisation; Performance; Technology and College	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84860808884	Assessment of quality and performance of some selected furnishing fabrics	Fashola K.O., Giwa A., Iliya E.B., Orivri D.O.	2012	Middle East Journal of Scientific Research	11	4	None	Department of Textile Science and Technology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	Fashola, K.O., Department of Textile Science and Technology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Giwa, A., Department of Textile Science and Technology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Iliya, E.B., Department of Textile Science and Technology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Orivri, D.O., Department of Textile Science and Technology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	A comparative study has been made on the quality and performance of some selected foreign and locally made furnishing fabrics. Properties, such as, fabric weight, fabric sett, thickness, yarn crimp, linear density, wettability, flammability, shrinkage, handle, drape, wash fastness, light fastness, tensile, soil retention, crease recovery, air-permeability and abrasion resistance were investigated. The results obtained show that these fabrics possess acceptable properties for their end-use suitability. The locally made fabrics are better in terms of wash fastness, fabric shrinkage, air permeability and abrasion resistance while the foreign fabrics are better in terms of crease recovery, drapeability, tensile properties, wettability, crimp, thickness, flammability and soil retention rating, fabric sett, fabric weight, light fastness and fabric handle. Also, the locally made fabrics favourably match up to the imported ones. © 2012 IDOSI Publications.	Curtains; Fabrics; Furnishing; Properties; Quality	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-81455150172	Spinnability and tensile evaluation of flax/cotton blends	Lawal A.S.	2011	Pakistan Textile Journal	60	2	None	Department of Textile Science and Technology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	Lawal, A.S., Department of Textile Science and Technology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	This paper describes the possibility of spinning different blends of flax/cotton fibres using rotor spinning machine. Four different blends of flax/cotton (10/90, 30/70, 50/50 and 70/30) were considered and all these blends were spun under the same rotor speed (50,000 rpm) and twist level (765 turns/m). Only 10/90, 30/70 and 50/50 flax/cotton blends were spinnable under this conditions. These blends gave a count of 39 tex yarn with differences in values of their tensile properties such as tenacity of 12.62g/tex, 10.18g/tex and 4.34g/tex, while elongation at break of 8.50%, 6.78% and 3.20% for each of the blends respectively. The 70/30 flax/cotton blend was found unspinnable. The higher flax content in the blend created difficulty in spinning the blend. This is due to the stiffness and low pliability of the flax component.	Blend; Cotton; Flax; Rotor speed; Spinnability; Tensile properties; Twist	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900523563	Performance practice of bata ensemble of the awori people in Lagos state, Nigeria	Yekini-Ajenifuja I.A.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	9	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n9p620	Department of Theatre Arts and Music, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria	Yekini-Ajenifuja, I.A., Department of Theatre Arts and Music, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria	Performance as a major means of expression of African music cannot be overemphasized because of its usage as a means of communication, education, entertainment, among others. The heterogeneous nature of African society creates divergent practices in its music. In Yoruba land, some musical practices are strictly practiced in certain locality while others are generally practiced across the land. Those that are generally practiced are not strictly the same as a result of human interaction, as such; every community has its own unique value added to its performance of music. The Bata ensemble music is one of the strictly practiced music in Yoruba land by the egungun and sango devotees that is gradually turning general. This paper examines the performance practice of Bata ensemble in Awori community. Its organization and musical style were also investigated. Library and field work was used in this paper to explore its empirical nature. It was discovered that composition of instruments, their names and its performance style is unique and slightly different from other localities.	Drum; Ensemble; Instrument and bata; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84858774220	Tipping Practices and Policies in Zimbabwe's Hotel Industry: Impacts on Restaurant Waiters' Service Delivery and Work Relationships	Mkono M.	2011	Journal of Foodservice Business Research	14	4	10.1080/15378020.2011.624054	Department of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe	Mkono, M., Department of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe	This study analyzes tipping practices and policies in Zimbabwe's hotel industry from the perspective of restaurant waiters. The majority of respondents reported that discretionary tipping, as opposed to service charges, is the norm and that most hotels have a tip-pooling system. The findings show that guests who are expected to tip well, based largely on stereotypes as well as past tipping behavior, get better service treatment from waiters. Among themselves, waiters said that the culture of tipping has a huge impact on their work relationships. Most waiters presumed the pooling of tips to be an unfair practice. © 2011 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	Hotels; Service Delivery; Tipping; Waiters; Work relationships	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84890231658	Evaluation of different drinking water sources in Sokoto North-West Nigeria on performance, carcass traits and haematology of broiler chickens	Ibitoye E.B., Dabai Y.U., Mudi L.	2013	Veterinary World	6	11	10.14202/vetworld.2013.879-883	Department of Theriogenology and Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria	Ibitoye, E.B., Department of Theriogenology and Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria; Dabai, Y.U., Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria; Mudi, L., Department of Theriogenology and Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria	Aim: The study examined the effect of different drinking water sources on performance, carcass characteristics and haematology of broiler chickens. Materials and Methods: 63 unsexed day-old broiler chicks were randomly grouped into three treatment groups (Treatments 1, 2 and 3), each consisting of three replicates of seven chicks each. Treatments 1, 2 and 3 were given water from various sources: pipe borne water; borehole water and well water, respectively from day-old to seven weeks of age. The water samples were subjected to physico-chemical and bacteriological analyses. Results: Physico-chemically, only well water had a fair taste, it also had highest turbidity; while borehole water was least turbid. Borehole water had highest total hardness, nitrate, sodium, and calcium. Chloride was higher in borehole water and magnesium was higher in well water; while these were absent in pipe borne water. The study revealed that all water sources were contaminated with bacteria. The well water had the highest bacterial load of 1.2×103 cfu/ml, followed by borehole water with 5.8×102 cfu/ml, while pipe borne water recorded least bacterial counts (1.6×102 cfu/ml). Escherichia coli, Klesiella spp and Proteus vulgaris were isolated from pipe borne, borehole and well water, respectively. The water treatments had no significant (p&gt;0.05) effect on broiler chicken's performance, carcass characteristics and haematological indices. However, numerical increase in feed intake and weight gain was observed in birds placed on borehole water (Treatment2). Conclusion: This study suggest that different water sources used as drinking water in this experiment have no significant effect on performance, carcass characteristics and haematology of broiler chicken production in Sokoto metropolis. However, drinking water quality standard for poultry should not be jeopardized. © The authors.	Bacteriological analysis; Broilers; Carcass characteristics; Haematology; Performance; Water	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84891676147	The media impact of South Africa's historical hosting of Africa's first mega-event: Sport and leisure consumption patterns	Swart K., Linley M., Bob U.	2013	International Journal of the History of Sport	30	16	10.1080/09523367.2013.861130	Department of Tourism and Event Management, Faculty of Business, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa; College of Sports and Exercise Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Geography, School of Environmental Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	Swart, K., Department of Tourism and Event Management, Faculty of Business, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa; Linley, M., College of Sports and Exercise Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia; Bob, U., Department of Geography, School of Environmental Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	The 2010 FIFA World Cup held in South Africa was the biggest mega-event ever to be hosted on the African continent. This historical event had several social, economic and developmental imperatives, including destination profiling and changing negative perceptions of South Africa, specifically, and the African continent more generally. This research undertakes a media analysis of the 2010 FIFA World Cup in selected key markets, namely the UK, Germany, the Netherlands and the USA. The study investigates the media impact of the 2010 FIFA World Cup on South Africa as the host nation and Africa's major tourism destination by undertaking a media analysis of the key source markets. Africa's first mega-event provides an ideal opportunity to examine how a host country (in this case South Africa) is profiled in relation to sport and leisure consumption patterns, including shifts in sentiment over time. Four time periods were identified, namely pre-, leading up to, during and post-2010. A qualitative analysis is undertaken, which includes content sourcing, content identification, semantic cluster analysis and the use of Leximancer, an analytical tool used to evaluate the content of textual documents, in this case primarily online newspaper articles. For each of the source markets identified, 400-600 articles were extracted. The findings show generally positive or favourable media coverage in relation to sport and leisure consumption patterns. However, a higher level of unfavourable media coverage was discernible during the pre-and lead-up periods, which may have influenced World Cup attendance figures and therefore leisure consumption. Specific tourist products (in particular Table Mountain and Robben Island) and the main host cities (Johannesburg, Cape Town and Durban) had more mentions and stronger associations than South Africa generally. The positive imagery which prevailed during the event needs to be further emphasised in future sport events and the tourism and leisure marketing of South Africa. © 2013 Taylor and Francis.	2010 FIFA World Cup; leisure consumption; media content analysis; South Africa; sport	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897382203	Impact of leadership styles on teaching and learning process in Imo state	Okoroji L.I., Anyanwu O.J., Ukpere W.I.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	4	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n4p180	Department Of Transport Management Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria; Department of Maritime Management Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria; Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	Okoroji, L.I., Department Of Transport Management Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria; Anyanwu, O.J., Department of Maritime Management Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria; Ukpere, W.I., Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	The research examined the effect of leadership styles on teaching and learning process. The population comprises the academic staff of selected secondary schools in Owerri North Local Government Area (LGA). The academic staff members selected includes junior and senior staff members, as well as male and female staff. Sixty-six teachers, which constitute the population of academic staff of selected from secondary school makes up the sample for the study. Stratified random sampling technique was used for sample selection. Self structured questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. The method of data analysis used on this research work is ANOVA statistics. Based on the summary of the findings, Gender to a high extent, influences the leadership style used in classroom teaching and learning process. The result also reveals that majority of secondary school teachers in Owerri North used democratic leadership style more than other types of leadership styles. Having listed some findings of the research work, it is necessary to make recommendation. Both male and female teachers should be exposed to constant and relevant seminars, workshop by the school management boards in order to ensure that these teachers are equipped with better understanding of leadership style as well as better combination of these styles.	Leadership style; Learning; Teaching	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84875241328	Total body imaging evaluation after initial resuscitation in paediatric trauma	Tummers W.S.F.J., Isaacs S., van As A.B.	2013	Injury Extra	44	4	10.1016/j.injury.2012.12.031	Department of Trauma Paediatric Surgery, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa	Tummers, W.S.F.J., Department of Trauma Paediatric Surgery, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa; Isaacs, S., Department of Trauma Paediatric Surgery, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa; van As, A.B., Department of Trauma Paediatric Surgery, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892602403	Impact of rocky topography on settlement pattern and housing development in Idanre, Nigeria	Omole F.K., Owoeye J.O.	2012	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	3	3	10.5901/mjss.2012.v3n3p517	Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B 704, Akure, Nigeria	Omole, F.K., Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B 704, Akure, Nigeria; Owoeye, J.O., Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B 704, Akure, Nigeria	The pattern of development of urban land-use in relation to topography varies from rural to urban. What distinguishes Idanre community from other Yoruba settlements is the rocky topographical nature that surrounds and abounds within the community. In this paper, the effect of rock outcrops that surround the community and the effects on its development were investigated. The study employed both historical and descriptive analysis to gather relevant data about the origin and locational structure of the town. There were 3,620 existing buildings in the area according to the building demographic survey carried out. The seven quarters in the town were sub-divided into twenty-two sectors from which 10.0% of the total buildings in all the sectors were picked as sample size for questionnaire administration. Our findings in the study show both positive and negative impacts that the rocky topography has on the community. The essential aspect of the discoveries were some viable potentials and topographical features of the town which need to be adequately harnessed and made used off for the benefit of the community and the state at large.	And accessibility; Housing development; Rock outcrops; Settlement pattern; Topographical features	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77954639277	Impacts of urbanization on the indigenous enclaves of Port Harcourt and concomitant policy measures	Obinna V.C., Owei O.B., Okwakpam I.O.	2010	Social Sciences	5	3	10.3923/sscience.2010.172.186	Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Department of Geography, Rivers State College of Education, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Obinna, V.C., Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Owei, O.B., Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Okwakpam, I.O., Department of Geography, Rivers State College of Education, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Port Harcourt, one of Nigeria's major cities has been experiencing rapid urbanization (of the order of 5% per annum on the average) since its founding by the British in 1913. The process of urbanisation is engulfing and transforming the way of life of the indigenous enclaves, which predate the founding of the city. This study has examined the impact of urbanization and its correlates on the socio-economic and socio-cultural aspects of life of the indigenes both subjectively (by questioning a probability sample of the indigenes) and objectively (from the judgment of experts using a state-of-the-art impact assessment methodology). The study found that while about one half of the respondents were pleased with urbanization, a little over one third were displeased with it. Reasons for pleasure included: development of the area, infrastructure development and improvement in aesthetics, while displeasure stemmed from increase in crime rate, destruction of traditional livelihoods, erosion of cultural values, among others. The study concluded that urbanization has indeed had both positive and negative impacts on the indigenous population and that there was reasonable agreement between subjective and objective impacts of urbanization. Finally, recommendations have been proffered to mitigate serious negative impacts including positive discrimination/affirmative action to help indigenes compete favourably with the usually more aggressive and better-equipped in-migrants. © Medwell Journals, 2010.	Aspects; Harcourt; Migrants; Port; Socio-culture; Socio-economics; Urbanization	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892603617	Relative impact of infrastructural provision by CBOs in Akure South LGA of Ondo State, Nigeria: Application of facility contributory index	Emmanuel A.A.	2012	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	3	2	10.5901/mss.2012.v3n2.243	Department of Urban and Regional Planning, School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	Emmanuel, A.A., Department of Urban and Regional Planning, School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	Infrastructural provision is a catalyst for economic development at various levels. The influence on local economic development and the alleviation of poverty is unquantifiable. In some instances, CBOs embark on physical development projects to provide facilities in their communities. This paper exposes the relative impact of facilities provided by CBOs in Akure South Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria on the economy of residents. 262 respondents of the LGA which were selected by stratified random sampling provided information through a questionnaire to reveal the degree of contribution of certain 10 facilities to their personal economy. Facility Contributory Index (FCI) model was developed using likert's scale to determine various levels of contribution of the facilities. It was discovered among other things that Health related facilities ranked highest on the FCI Table of assessment while recreational facilities remain the least contributor due to low provision coupled with degree of contribution. Recommendations include a policy overhaul to establish partnership between government and NPOs in order to stimulate efforts of CBOs in local communities.	Community-based organisations; Facility contributory index; Infrastructure; Local economic development; Poverty	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907274957	Clinical (non-histological) diagnosis of advanced prostate cancer: Evaluation of treatment outcome after androgen deprivation therapy	Heyns C.F., Basson J., Van Der Merwe A., Zarrabi A.D.	2014	South African Journal of Surgery	52	3	10.7196/SAJS.1689	Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa	Heyns, C.F., Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa; Basson, J., Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa; Van Der Merwe, A., Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa; Zarrabi, A.D., Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa	Introduction. Transrectal biopsy in suspected adenocarcinoma of the prostate (ACP) may cause significant morbidity and even mortality. A strong association between serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and tumour burden exists. If biopsy can be avoided in advanced disease, much morbidity and cost may be saved. Objective. To evaluate the reliability of using PSA and clinical features to establish a non-histological diagnosis of ACP. Methods. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) was used in 825 (56.2%) of 1 467 men with ACP. The diagnosis of ACP was made histologically in 607 patients (73.6%) and clinically alone in 218 (26.4%), based on a serum PSA level of >60 ng/ml, and/or clinical evidence of a T3-T4 tumour on digital rectal examination, and/or imaging evidence of metastases. We compared two randomly selected groups treated with bilateral orchidectomy (BO) based on a clinical-only (n=90) v. histological (n=96) diagnosis of ACP. Results. There was no significant difference between the groups with regard to mean follow-up (26.1 v. 26.8 months), documented PSA relapse (70% v. 67.7%), and patients alive at last follow-up (91.1% v. 95.8%). ZAR1 068 200 (US$1 = ZAR8) was saved by treating men with advanced ACP on the basis of a clinical (non-histological) diagnosis only, and a total of ZAR24 321 000 was saved by using BO instead of luteinising hormone-releasing hormone agonists as ADT. Conclusion. A reliable clinical (non-histological) diagnosis of advanced ACP can be made based on serum PSA and clinical features. This avoids the discomfort and potentially serious complications of biopsy and saves cost.	None	None	None
None	None	Implementation and evaluation of a health-promotion strategy for control of Taenia solium infections in northern Tanzania	Ngowi H.A., Mlangwa J.E.D., Mlozi M.R.S., Tolma E.L., Kassuku A.A., Carabin H., Willingham III A.L.	2009	International Journal of Health Promotion and Education	47	1	None	Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3021, Morogoro, Tanzania; Department of Agricultural Education and Extension, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3002, Morogoro, Tanzania; Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, P.O. Box 26901, Oklahoma City, OK 73190, United States; Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3019, Morogoro, Tanzania; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, 801 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States; WHO/FAO Collaborating Center for Research and Training on Emerging and Other Parasitic Zoonoses, Danish Centre for Experimental Parasitology, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Dyrlægevej 100, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark	Ngowi, H.A., Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3021, Morogoro, Tanzania; Mlangwa, J.E.D., Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3021, Morogoro, Tanzania; Mlozi, M.R.S., Department of Agricultural Education and Extension, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3002, Morogoro, Tanzania; Tolma, E.L., Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, P.O. Box 26901, Oklahoma City, OK 73190, United States; Kassuku, A.A., Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3019, Morogoro, Tanzania; Carabin, H., Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, 801 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States; Willingham III, A.L., WHO/FAO Collaborating Center for Research and Training on Emerging and Other Parasitic Zoonoses, Danish Centre for Experimental Parasitology, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Dyrlægevej 100, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark	Introduction: Education of pig farmers on health and pig management practices can have an important contribution to the control of Taenia solium infections in endemic areas, leading to potential for providing long-term control of the parasite. In this paper, we describe the application of a health promotion model to implement and evaluate evidence-based strategies for control of T. solium infections in northern Tanzania. Design and methods: We used the PRECEDE-PROCEED model as a guide to implement two previously planned health-promotion strategies (enhancing the quality provided by the public health extension services, and conducting seminars for smallholder pig farmers). We carried out a randomised-controlled field trial to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention. Results: Process evaluation revealed a good strategy delivery and a moderate participation of the smallholder pig farmers in the training. The impact evaluation revealed a significant reduction of consumption of pork infected with cysticercosis by the intervention (reduction by 20 per cent, P = 0.005). The outcome evaluation revealed a reduction of the incidence rate of porcine cysticercosis by 43 per cent by the intervention. Conclusion: The PRECEDE-PROCEED model may provide an efficient means for designing, implementing, and evaluating effective strategies for control of T. solium infections in any endemic setting.	Health promotion evaluation; PRECEDE-PROCEED model; Taenia solium control; Tanzania	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84878753482	Evaluation of glucosamine and snail mucin on the progression of experimental knee osteoarthritis in dogs [Evaluación de la glucosamina y mucina de caracol en la progresión de la osteoartritis experimental de rodilla en perros]	Ajadi A.R., Oladele S.G., Ebenezer B.O., Olajide B.K.	2013	International Journal of Morphology	31	1	10.4067/S0717-95022013000100044	Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Department of Biological Sciences, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN, United States; Department of Veterinary Pathology, Federal University of Agr	Ajadi, A.R., Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Oladele, S.G., Department of Biological Sciences, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN, United States; Ebenezer, B.O., Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Olajide, B.K., Department of Veterinary Pathology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria	This study evaluated the effect of oral glucosamine and intramuscular injection (IM) of snail mucin on the progression of experimental osteoarthritis (OA) in dogs. Twenty adult mongrels with mean body weight (12.4±1.8 kg) were used. Experimental OA was induced surgically using the groove model. The dogs were randomly divided into three groups following radiographic evidence of OA. Group one (control) comprised of ten dogs treated with normal saline twice weekly for four weeks following OA. Group two comprised of five dogs treated with 10mg/kg of oral glucosamine daily for four weeks. Group three comprised of five dogs treated with 5mg/kg intramuscular injection of 5% solution of snail mucin twice weekly for four weeks. Blood was obtained from the cephalic vein before surgical arthrotomy, after surgical arthrotomy, immediately after radiographic confirmation of OA (Week 0) and at two weeks interval up to 4 weeks of treatment. Efficacy of the drugs was assessed by changes in plasma IL-6 and MMP-3, while safety was determined using the changes in packed cell volume (PCV), total white blood cell counts (WBC) and observable adverse reactions associated with the administration of the drugs. In this study, the PCV and WBC did not differ significantly (P> 0.05) from the control group. Plasma IL-6 and MMP-3 were significantly (P< 0.05) lower both in glucosamine-treated and snail mucin-treated dogs up to week 4 of treatment when compared with the control group. However, there were no significant (P > 0.05) differences in IL-6 and MMP-3 between the two treatment groups. In addition, painful swelling at the site of injection was observed in dogs treated with snail mucin, while no adverse reaction was observed in dogs treated with oral glucosamine. It was therefore concluded that both oral glucosamine and IM injection of snail mucin comparably modified the progression of OA. However, owing to the adverse reaction noted with IM injection of snail mucin, further study is required to determine the most appropriate route of administration.	Dogs; Glucosamine; Interleukin; Matrix metalloproteinase; Osteoarthritis; Snail mucin	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84857510361	Impact of culling stray dogs and vaccination on the control of human rabies: A mathematical modeling approach	Bhunu C.P.	2011	International Journal of Biomathematics	4	4	10.1142/S1793524511001283	Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, CB3 OES, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Applied Mathematics, Modeling Biomedical Systems Research Group, National University of Science and Technology, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe	Bhunu, C.P., Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, CB3 OES, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Department of Applied Mathematics, Modeling Biomedical Systems Research Group, National University of Science and Technology, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe	Human rabies cases are not declining in Africa and Asia even though possible interventions are available. A mathematical model for the transmission dynamics of rabies is presented and analyzed in the presence of intervention strategies (culling, dog vaccinations, pre- and post-exposure vaccinations for humans). The reproduction number is computed and rigorously analyzed. Analytical results suggest that the key to rabies control lies in good animal control and seeking medical advice early, once exposed to a dog bite. Numerical simulations support analytical results obtained. We conclude that the post-exposure prophylaxis might be the best possible way to control rabies in developing nations if it can be made easily accessible to those in need. However, due to costs of vaccines which are beyond the reach of many people in developing nations, it may be best to come up with better animal control strategies to control the spread of rabies. © 2011 World Scientific Publishing Company.	Mathematical model; reproduction number	None	None
None	None	Socio-economic impact of Rift Valley fever to pastoralists and agro pastoralists in Arusha, Manyara and Morogoro regions in Tanzania	Chengula A.A., Mdegela R.H., Kasanga C.J.	2013	SpringerPlus	2	1	10.1186/2193-1801-2-549	Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P O Box 3019, Morogoro, Tanzania; Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P O Box 3019, Morogoro, Tanzania	Chengula, A.A., Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P O Box 3019, Morogoro, Tanzania; Mdegela, R.H., Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P O Box 3019, Morogoro, Tanzania; Kasanga, C.J., Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P O Box 3019, Morogoro, Tanzania	Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a viral notifiable zoonotic disease primarily of domestic ruminants that causes significant socio-economic impacts. Using the 2006-07 outbreak cases, this study aimed to establish the socio-economic impact of RVF and assessing knowledge, attitude and practice of livestock keepers towards controlling RVF in selected areas of Tanzania. Data were collected in Arusha, Manyara and Morogoro regions using questionnaires, focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with key informants. Results indicate that there was little knowledge on disease (all clinical signs scored <50%) and the difference between the three regions was statistically significant (P = 0.00459). Socio-economic impacts of RVF shown by this study included; animal and human deaths, disruption of livestock market chains, inability of pastoralists to achieve their daily demands, inability to obtain protein leading to malnutrition and monetary loss at individual and national level during control of the disease. These findings have demonstrated low knowledge of the community on RVF, thus, more education and engagement is needed in order to develop more effective and efficient control strategies. © 2013 Chengula et al.	Awareness; Pastoralists; Rift Valley fever; Socio-economic losses; Tanzania	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880942811	Effect of graded levels of baobab (Adansonia digitata) seed meal on the growth performance and production economic analysis of broiler chickens	Sarven Bale J., Pam Mancha Y., Sanusi M., Dass Doma U.	2013	International Journal of Poultry Science	12	5	None	Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria	Sarven Bale, J., Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Pam Mancha, Y., Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria; Sanusi, M., Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria; Dass Doma, U., Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria	A feeding trial was conducted to determine the effect of graded levels of baobab seed meal on growth performance and cost benefit in broiler chicken production. A total of two hundred one-week old broiler chicks of the Anak breed were randomly distributed to five dietary treatments and replicated four times with 10 birds each for a period of 8 weeks. Baobab seed meal was included in the broiler chicken diets at 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% levels designated as diets 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively for both the starter and finisher phases. At the starter phase, feed intake (65.18-71.73 g), daily weight gain (30.36-36.16 g) and feed conversion ratio (1.96-2.39) were not significantly (p>0.05) affected by the dietary treatments. However, at finisher phase, the daily feed intake (133.40-148.40 g) and weight gain (37.23-55.00 g) were significantly affected at (p<0.001) and (p<0.05) respectively. Feed conversion ratio was not significantly (p>0.05) different among all the treatments means. The overall performance showed significant difference at (p<0.001 and p<0.01) for daily feed intake and daily weight gain, respectively. The birds fed 20% diet had the highest daily weight gain (44.55 g) and lowest (33.80 g) was recorded for diet 5. The feed cost per gain (N/kg gain) was cheaper (N142.44) on diet 4 and most expensive (N163.69) on diet 1 during the starter phase, while at the finisher phase diet 5 was cheaper (N176.36) and diet 1 being the most expensive (N193.91). Similar trends were obtained at the overall phase. It was therefore concluded that baobab seed meal can be incorporated into broiler chicken diets up to 30% without any deleterious effect on performance with concomitant reduction in feed cost. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2013.	Baobab seed meal; Broilers; Cost-benefit; Feed conversion ratio; Feed intake; Weight gain	None	None
WoS	WOS:000208160000018	Providing free maternal health care: ten lessons from an evaluation of the national delivery exemption policy in Ghana	Adjei, Sam,Armar-Klemesu, Margaret,Graham, Wendy,Witter, Sophie	2009	GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION	2	None	10.3402/gha.v2i0.1881	Ghana Health Service, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Aberdeen	"Adjei, Sam: Ghana Health Service","Armar-Klemesu, Margaret: Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research","Graham, Wendy: University of Aberdeen","Witter, Sophie: University of Aberdeen"	Background: There is a growing movement, globally and in the Africa region, to reduce financial barriers to health care generally, but with particular emphasis on high priority services and vulnerable groups. Objective: This article reports on the experience of implementing a national policy to exempt women from paying for delivery care in public, mission and private health facilities in Ghana. Design: Using data from a complex evaluation which was carried out in 2005-2006, lessons are drawn which can inform other countries starting or planning to implement similar service-based exemption policies. Results: On the positive side, the experience of Ghana suggests that delivery exemptions can be effective and cost-effective, and that despite being universal in application, they can benefit the poor. However, certain 'negative' lessons are also drawn from the Ghana case study, particularly on the need for adequate funding, and for strong institutional ownership. It is also important to monitor the financial transfers which reach households, to ensure that providers are passing on benefits in full, while being adequately reimbursed themselves for their loss of revenue. Careful consideration should also be given to staff motivation and the role of different providers, as well as quality of care constraints, when designing the exemptions policy. All of this should be supported by a proactive approach to monitoring and evaluation. Conclusion: The recent movement towards making delivery care free to all women is a bold and timely action which is supported by evidence from within and beyond Ghana. However, the potential for this to translate into reduced mortality for mothers and babies fundamentally depends on the effectiveness of its implementation.	EQUITY,evaluation,EXEMPTIONS,GHANA,"health financing","MATERNAL HEALTH"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879845317	Evaluation of anaemia in Nigerian goats using FAMACHA© eye colour chart: A preliminary study	Idika I.K., Iheagwam C.N., Nwobi L.G., Nwosu C.O.	2013	Comparative Clinical Pathology	22	4	10.1007/s00580-012-1456-z	Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Idika, I.K., Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Iheagwam, C.N., Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Nwobi, L.G., Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Nwosu, C.O., Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	A preliminary study was carried out on the possibility of using the FAMACHA eye colour chart to predict the level of anaemia in 280 Nigerian goats of varied ages slaughtered at the Nsukka abattoir, in Enugu State, Nigeria. Three indices of anaemia, namely packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC) counts and haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations were compared with the colour of the ocular membranes of the goats. The colours of the ocular conjunctiva of all animals were scored on a 1-5 scale using the FAMACHA© card, and blood samples were collected from each animal for determination of PCV, RBC counts and Hb concentration. Correlations between eye colour scores and the duo of PCV and Hb concentrations were highly significant and negative. Haemonchus contortus was the most predominant gastrointestinal nematode parasite observed in the study with average larval recovery of 70.18 %. Age has no effect on the predictability of anaemia by the FAMACHA© technique. It was concluded that the FAMACHA method can be used by farmers in Nigeria to identify anaemic goats particularly in conditions of haemonchosis which is one of the main causes of anaemia in goats and the most predominant gastrointestinal nematode in small ruminants in the study area. It is, therefore, believed that these preliminary findings will form a basis for further work on validating the use of FAMACHA© in Nigerian goats. © 2012 Springer-Verlag London Limited.	Anaemia; FAMACHA; Hb concentration; Nigerian goats; PCV	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84886867428	Evaluation of the shedding routes and serological patterns in experimentally-induced Brucella melitensis infection in dexamethasone-treated and transport-stressed goats	Tanko P.N., Emikpe B.O., Sabri Y.M.	2013	Veterinary World	6	9	10.14202/vetworld.2013.686-692	Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia; Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Tanko, P.N., Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia; Emikpe, B.O., Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Sabri, Y.M., Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia	Aim: To identify and evaluate the shedding routes and patterns following experimentally-induced Brucella melitensis infection in dexamethasone-treated and transport-stressed goats. Materials and Methods: Twenty four healthy, adult goats were divided into 4 groups: A, B, C and D respectively. Group A was treated with dexamethasone for 8 days prior to inoculation with 107 Colony Forming Units of B. melitensis via the intraocular route. Group B was transported for 3 hours prior to inoculation with a similar dose. Group C was inoculated with a similar dose without subjecting the animals to any prior treatment, and this group served as our positive control. Group D was not inoculated with the infective dose and served as our negative control. Blood samples along with nasal, ocular, and vaginal swabs were collected on days 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, and weekly thereafter until day 63 post inoculation (pi) and were analyzed by PCR, Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT), and indirect ELISA techniques. Results: The nasal, ocular and vaginal swabs tested positive for Brucellosis with PCR from day 7, with nasal route being the first and most consistent route to reveal the positive results. Group B showed the earliest onset of shedding the bacterium (day 7) followed by group A which started from day 10 and shed relatively more positive of the bacterium via the routes examined. Blood samples tested positive with PCR from day 7 through 14 and the results were inconsistent subsequently. Sera samples tested positive with RBPT on day 14 in all the 3 infected groups but more consistent in group C. On the other hand, tests using ELISA showed positive results from day 7 pi, with group C having a 100% seroconvertion -while groups A and B showed only 50% seroconvertion. Conclusion: The consistent shedding via the nasal, ocular, and vaginal routes in groups A and B implied possible immunosuppression in the infected animals. We recommend that programs designed to control Brucellosis should consider analyzing a larger number of biological samples to enhance the accuracy of identification of shedders.	Brucellosis; Consistent shedding; Goats; Immunosuppression; Polymerase chain reaction; Serological tests; Swabs	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939877951	Effect of cement dust on reproductive performance and some physiological parameters in albino rats	Odo R.I., Mbegbu E.C., Nwosu K.C., Aba P.E., Aka L.O., Obidike I.R.	2015	Comparative Clinical Pathology	24	3	10.1007/s00580-014-1934-6	Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria	Odo, R.I., Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria; Mbegbu, E.C., Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria; Nwosu, K.C., Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria; Aba, P.E., Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria; Aka, L.O., Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria; Obidike, I.R., Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria	A total of 30 Albino rats of 12 weeks of age were sourced from Altran Farm in Nsukka and acclimatized for 3 weeks. Five males and five females were exposed to cement dust for 3 months at the Eastern Blocks and Concrete Industries Limited, Nsukka, Nigeria. Ten males and ten females were kept in an environment free from cement dust but within the same climatic zone and were the unexposed. The effect of cement dust was then determined on reproductive performance and some physiological parameters of the rats. The uterus of the exposed females showed significant decrease (p < 0.05) in weight (2.19 ± 0.05) when compared to that of the unexposed females (4.09 ± 0.55). The mean epididymal sperm reserve of the exposed males (12.25 ± 2.17) was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) when compared to that of the control group (18.46 ± 0.325). The mean testicular weight of the exposed males (1.03 ± 0.09) was significantly reduced when compared to the control (1.42 ± 0.026). The mean fetal weight and crown rump length of the offsprings from the exposed females (4.07 ± 0.17, 3.12 ± 0.09, respectively) were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) when compared to those of the offsprings from the unexposed females (5.64 ± 0.10, 5.36 ± 0.17, respectively). The mean number of offsprings from exposed males (6.00 ± 0.45) was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) when compared to that from unexposed males (9.80 ± 0.37). The hematological evaluation showed significant reductions (p < 0.05) in mean PCV, HB, RBC, and WBC of the exposed rats (27.50 ± 2.20, 8.31 ± 0.61, 3.61 ± 0.82, 4.70 ± 0.63, respectively) when compared to the unexposed (43.17 ± 3.52, 14.1 ± 0.72, 7.21 ± 0.45, 8.48 ± 0.86, respectively). The results of serum enzyme levels (AST, ALP, and ALT) of the exposed rats (87.12 ± 3.42, 93.87 ± 14.18, 45.06 ± 5.25, respectively) were significantly increased (p < 0.05) when compared to the unexposed rats (56.98 ± 8.38, 24.71 ± 2.11, 25.72 ± 2.96, respectively). © 2014, Springer-Verlag London.	Cement; Hematology; Offspring; Sperm; Uterus	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80051933201	Groundwater contamination in Agbowo community, Ibadan Nigeria: Impact of septic tanks distances to wells	Adetunji V.O., Odetokun I.A.	2011	Malaysian Journal of Microbiology	7	3	None	Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Adetunji, V.O., Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Odetokun, I.A., Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	In Nigeria, inadequate supply of pipe borne water is a major concern; hence many homes have wells as asource of water for household uses. The groundwater of forty wells in Agbowo community was assessed for Total Aerobic Bacteria Counts (TABC) and Total Coliform Counts (TCC). The location and distances of wells from septic tanks were determined using the Global Positioning System (GPS) device and a tape rule respectively. All the wells sampled had high TABC (4.76±1.41 logCFU/mL) and TCC(2.29±0.67 logCFU/mL) counts which exceeded the international standard of 0 per 100 mL of potable water. There were no significant differences in the bacterial counts between covered and uncovered wells (p&gt;0.05). The mean distance (8.93±3.61m) of wells from the septic tanks was below the limit (15.24 m or 50 ft) set by United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). TABC increased with a decrease in distance between the wells and septic tanks though not significant (p&lt; 0.05). A very weak positive correlation (r2 =0.021) ensued between the distance from septic tank and CC, while a weak negative correlation (r2 = -0.261) was obtained between the TCC and TABC. This study accentuates the need to set standards for the siting of wells from septic tanks while considering all possible sources of well contamination as well as treatment of ground water before use.	Coliform count; Groundwater; Septic tanks; Total aerobic bacteria count; Wells	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84942831980	Evaluation of the effect of piroxicam and ascorbic acid combination on live weight and rectal temperature of savannah brown goats during post-operative pain management	Okafor R.O.S., Remi-Adewunmi B.D., Fadason S.T., Ayo J.O., Muhammed S.M.	2015	Journal of Applied Animal Research	43	4	10.1080/09712119.2014.980417	Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	Okafor, R.O.S., Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Remi-Adewunmi, B.D., Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Fadason, S.T., Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Ayo, J.O., Department of Veterinary Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Muhammed, S.M., Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	The aim of the study was to evaluate effects of varied doses of ascorbic acid (AA) and piroxicam on live weight (LW) and rectal temperature (RT) responses in orchidectomised savannah brown goats during post-surgical pain management. The goats were divided into six groups of three goats each. Orchidectomy was performed on all animals under sedation with xylazine, and linear infiltration with lignocaine. Post-surgery, varied doses of piroxicam (IM) and AA (IV) were administered to the goats: Group A = piroxicam, 5 mg/kg + AA, 100 mg/kg; Group B = piroxicam, 5 mg/kg + AA, 200 mg/kg; Group C = piroxicam, 10 mg/kg + AA, 100 mg/kg; Group D = piroxicam, 5 mg/kg; Group E: AA, 100 mg/kg together with procaine penicillin, (20,000 IU/kg) + streptomycin (10 mg/kg) (IM); and Group F (control) received only the antibiotics. Post-surgery, RT was measured with the use of an auto-physiologic monitoring machine and LW with weighing scale. Goats in the control group showed decreased LW and RT increase. Treatment with a combination of piroxicam and AA ameliorated LW and temperature more than either of the agents in orchidectomised savannah brown goats. © 2014 Taylor & Francis.	ascorbic acid; live weight; pain; piroxicam; rectal temperature	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-68249156451	Evaluation of epidural anaesthesia with lignocaine - Xylazine mixture in ketamine - Sedated cats	Lawal F.M., Adetunji A.	2009	Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine	64	2	None	Department of Veterinary Surgery and Reproduction, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Lawal, F.M., Department of Veterinary Surgery and Reproduction, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Adetunji, A., Department of Veterinary Surgery and Reproduction, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Effects of the epidural administration of 2mg/kg lignocaine - 1.5mg/kg xylazine mixture (LIG-XYL) were compared with the epidural administration of either 4mg/kg lignocaine alone (LIG) or 3mg/kg xylazine alone (XYL) in 5 cats. The cats were premedicated with intramuscular injection of atropine sulphate (0.04mg/kg) and ketamine hydrochloride (10mg/kg). Onset of analgesia, duration of analgesia, duration of recumbency and time to walking were determined. Changes in heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and rectal temperature (RT) associated with the epidural block were recorded at 10-min intervals over a 120-min time period. Epidurally administered LIG-XYL produced similar onset of analgesia (4.2±0.3min) to LIG (3.9±1.0min) and XYL (4.8±0.4min). Duration of analgesia with LIG-XYL (86.6±4.1min) was significantly (P<0.05) longer than with LIG (40.2±1.0min) but similar to that with XYL (92.7±5.9min). Duration of recumbency of 113.7±6.0min with LIG-XYL was longer than 64.0±1.9min with LIG but shorter than 147.4±15.8min with XYL. However, similar times to walking were found with LIG-XYL (8.4±1.8min), LIG (9.6±2.6min) and XYL (9.6±2.8min). Lower heart and respiratory rates were produced by LIG-XYL and XYL than by LIG. It was concluded that the epidural administration of LIG-XYL produced longer duration of analgesia, profound sedation and systemic depression similar to XYL but greater than that of LIG. LIG-XYL also had shorter duration of recumbency than XYL.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79952423212	Gross and histologic evaluation of abdominal adhesions associated with chromic catgut and polypropylene sutured enteropexies in dog [Evaluación macroscópica e histológica de las adherencias abdominales asociadas a enteropexias suturadas con catgut crómico	Akinrinmade J.F., Lawal A.O.	2010	International Journal of Morphology	28	4	None	Department of Veterinary Surgery and Reproduction, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Akinrinmade, J.F., Department of Veterinary Surgery and Reproduction, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Lawal, A.O., Department of Veterinary Surgery and Reproduction, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	The gross and histologic patterns of abdominal adhesions formed by the use of chromic catgut and polypropylene suture materials were evaluated in dogs. Gross and histologic examinations did not reveal significant difference (p>0.05) in the degree of adhesions observed at enteropexy sites in both suture materials. The use of polypropylene with superior suture qualities should be considered instead of chromic catgut for procedures in which adhesion is desired in the dog.	Adhesion; Chromic catgut; Eneropexy; Polypropylene	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894095197	Evaluation of the crude methanolic seed extract of Datura metel l. As a potential oral anaesthetic in dogs	Babalola S.A., Suleiman M.M., Hassan A.Z., Adawa D.A.Y.	2013	Veterinary Research	6	5	None	Department of Veterinary Surgery and Theriogenology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary S	Babalola, S.A., Department of Veterinary Surgery and Theriogenology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria; Suleiman, M.M., Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Hassan, A.Z., Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Adawa, D.A.Y., Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	This study evaluates the methanolic crude extract of Datura metel L. seeds (family Solanaceae) as a potential oral anaesthetic in dogs. Following the oral acute toxicity study to determine the median Lethal Dose (LD50) of the extract in twelve (12) mice, the extract was relatively safe since when administered at the highest dose (5,000mg kg-1) no sign of toxicity and no death was recorded. In the in vivo sedative and anaesthetic study of the effect of Datura metel L. in this research, the observed pharmacological effect of the extract administered orally to 5 dogs separately at a dose rate of 0.6, 1.2, 1.5, 2 and 2.4g kg-1, respectively during establishment of a suitable pilot oral anaesthetic doses, showed a graded dose response relationship. The extract at an oral dose of 2.4g kg-1 induced surgical anaesthesia in dogs with increased heart and respiratory rates (107-205 bpm and 36.33-41.33 cpm), respectively, normal rectal temperature (37.83°C), adequate tissue perfusion, good muscle relaxation but poor analgesia, loss of anal sphincter tone and loss of pupillary reflex. The dogs recovered without any complications. This study has shown that the seed extract of Datura metel L. is relatively safe, induced sleep similar to that of thiopentone sodium anaesthesia with good anaesthetic indices at the oral dose rate of 2.4g kg-1 in dogs. © Medwell Journals, 2013.	Anaesthetic; Datura metel L.; Dogs; Oral dose; Seed extract; Surgical anaesthesia	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897610834	Evaluation of the crude methanolic seed extract of datura metel L as a potential oral anaesthetic in dogs	Babalola S.A., Suleiman M.M., Hassan A.Z., Adawa D.A.Y.	2014	Global Veterinaria	12	3	10.5829/idosi.gv.2014.12.03.82340	Department of Veterinary Surgery and Theriogenology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria; Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Ahmadu Be	Babalola, S.A., Department of Veterinary Surgery and Theriogenology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria; Suleiman, M.M., Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria; Hassan, A.Z., Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria; Adawa, D.A.Y., Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria	This study evaluates the methanolic crude extract of Datura metel L. seeds (family Solanacease) as a potential oral anaesthetic in dogs. Following the oral acute toxicity study to determine the median lethal dose (LD50) of the extract in twelve (12) mice, the extract was relatively safe since when administered at the highest dose (5,000 mg/kg) no sign of toxicity and no death was recorded. In the in vivo sedative and anaesthetic study of the effect of Datura metel L in this work, the observed pharmacological effect of the extract administered orally to five (5) dogs separately at a dose rate of 0.6, 1.2, 1.5, 2 and 2.4 g/kg respectively during establishment of a suitable pilot oral anaesthetic doses, showed a graded dose response relationship. The extract at an oral dose of 2.4 g/kg induced surgical anaesthesia in dogs with increased heart and respiratory rates (107 to 205 bpm and 36.33 to 41.33 cpm) respectively, normal rectal temperature (37.83 °C), adequate tissue perfusion, good muscle relaxation but poor analgesia, loss of anal sphincter tone and loss of pupillary reflex. The dogs recovered without any complications. This study has shown that the seed extract of Datura metel L. is relatively safe, induced sleep similar to that of thiopentone sodium anaesthesia with good anaesthetic indices at the oral dose rate of 2.4 g/kg in dogs. © IDOSI Publications, 2014.	Anaesthetic; Datura metel L; Dogs; Seed extract; Surgical anaesthesia	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943363765	Histopathological evaluation of the osteogenic activity of autologous platelet-rich plasma in experimentally induced ulna defect in dogs	Nnaji T., Kene R., Chah K., Udegbunam S., Ogbanya K., Okpe G.	2015	Comparative Clinical Pathology	24	6	10.1007/s00580-015-2121-0	Department of Veterinary Surgery, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Nnaji, T., Department of Veterinary Surgery, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Kene, R., Department of Veterinary Surgery, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Chah, K., Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Udegbunam, S., Department of Veterinary Surgery, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Ogbanya, K., Department of Veterinary Surgery, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Okpe, G., Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Variety of products and surgical approaches to stimulate biologic factors and promote osteogenesis have been developed over the years, but surgeons still face challenges relating to bone healing. This study was designed to evaluate the histopathologic effects of autologous platelet-rich plasma and cancellous bone grafts on caudolateral ulna ostectomy of Nigerian local dogs. Twelve healthy Nigerian indigenous dogs (males) were used for the study. They were randomly grouped into four viz: platelet-rich plasma-treated group (PRPG) (n = 3), cancellous bone graft-treated group (CBG) (n = 3), platelet-rich plasma/cancellous bone graft-treated group (PRP/CBG) (n = 3), and normal saline-treated control group (CG) (n = 3). Caudolateral ulna defects were created on the left ulna of each dog under general anesthesia and treated as follows: the PRPG were treated by application of autologous PRP on the defects prior to closure, the PRP/CBG defects were treated by applying both PRP and cancellous bone grafts on the defects, and CBG was treated with autologous cancellous bone grafts alone while the control defects were treated by applying normal saline on the defects prior to closure of the soft tissues. Animals were euthanized at week 10 and the bridging callus of the defects analyzed by histopathology. The PRP defects either in combination with cancellous bone grafts or alone demonstrated more matured lamella bone compared to the CBG and control defects. The control defects were characterized with fibrocartillagenous zones of intense cellular activities mainly of chondroblasts and oeteoblasts. The mean histologic indices of the PRPG and PRP/CBG defects varied significantly (p < 0.05) with the CBG and the control defects. The results showed that the PRP has a positive osteogenic effect in treatment of caudolateral ulna ostectomies of dogs but its activity was optimal when combined with autologous cancellous bone grafts. © 2015, Springer-Verlag London.	Bone defect; Bone graft; Dog; Osteogenesis; Platelet-rich plasma	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84891132325	Stability of ampelometric characteristics of vitis vinifrra l. cv.'syrah' and 'sauvignon blanc' leaves: Impact of within-vineyard variability and pruning method/bud load	Bodor P., Baranyai L., Ladányi M., Bálo B., Strever A.E., Bisztray G.D., Hunter J.J.	2013	South African Journal of Enology and Viticulture	34	1	None	Department of 'Viticulture, Institute of Viticulture and Oenology, Corvinus University of Budapest, 29-43 Villányi Street, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary; Department of Physics and Automatization, Faculty of Food Sciences, Corvinus University of Budapest, 14-16 Somlói Street, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary; Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Horticultural Sciences, Corvinus University of Budapest, 29-43 'Villányi Street, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary; Robert Károly College, Research Institute of Viticulture and Enology, Kölyuktetö Pf.: 83, Eger H-3300, Hungary; Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag Xi, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa; ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij 1, Private Bag X5026, 7599, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Bodor, P., Department of 'Viticulture, Institute of Viticulture and Oenology, Corvinus University of Budapest, 29-43 Villányi Street, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary; Baranyai, L., Department of Physics and Automatization, Faculty of Food Sciences, Corvinus University of Budapest, 14-16 Somlói Street, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary; Ladányi, M., Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Horticultural Sciences, Corvinus University of Budapest, 29-43 'Villányi Street, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary; Bálo, B., Robert Károly College, Research Institute of Viticulture and Enology, Kölyuktetö Pf.: 83, Eger H-3300, Hungary; Strever, A.E., Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag Xi, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Bisztray, G.D., Department of 'Viticulture, Institute of Viticulture and Oenology, Corvinus University of Budapest, 29-43 Villányi Street, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary; Hunter, J.J., Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag Xi, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa, ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij 1, Private Bag X5026, 7599, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Historically, grapevine (Vids vinifera L.) leaf characterisation has been a driving force in the identificationof cultivars. In this study, ampelometric (foliometric) analysis was done on leaf samples collected fromhand-pruned, mechanically pruned and minimally pruned 'Sauvignon blanc' and 'Syrah' vines to estimatethe impact of within-vineyard variabifity and a change in bud load on the stabifity of leaf properties.The results showed that within-vineyard variabifity of ampelometric characteristics was high within acultivar, irrespective of bud load. In terms of the O.I.V. coding system, zero to four class differences wereobserved between minimum and maximum values of each characteristic. The value of variabifity of eachcharacteristic was different between the three levels of bud load and the two cultivars. With respect to budload, the number of shoots per vine had a significant effect on the characteristics of the leaf laminae. Singleleaf area and lengths of veins changed significantly for both cultivars, irrespective of treatment, while anglebetween veins proved to be a stable characteristic. A large number of biometric data can be recorded on asingle leaf; the data measured on several leaves, however, are not necessarily unique for a specific cultivar.The leaf characteristics analysed in this study can be divided into two groups according to the response toa change in bud load, i.e. stable (angles between the veins, depths of sinuses) and variable (length of theveins, length of the petiole, single leaf area). The variable characteristics are not recommended to be usedin cultivar identification, unless the pruning method/bud load is known.	Foliometry; Grapevine; Leaves; Pruning; Variability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80054760408	Influence of home media technologies on academic performance of undergraduates.	Ukwueze F.N.	2011	Journal of Home Economics Research	14	None	None	Department of Vocational Teacher Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Ukwueze, F.N., Department of Vocational Teacher Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	The effect of using home media technologies on academic performance of undergraduates was investigated. Using three research questions to guide the study, questionnaire was employed to obtain responses from 30 final year students of Computer Education in University of Nigeria Nsukka. The result of study showed that the use of these technologies, contrary to pessimistic views expressed in reports of some previous studies, significantly enhances learning outcomes of undergraduales. Limitations in use of the technologies, pose little hindrance to those students who possess adequate digital literacy.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-41049094176	Assessment of the impact of irrigation with low-quality mine water on virgin and rehabilitated soils in the upper olifants basin	Idowu O.A., Lorentz S.A., Annandale J.G., McCartney M.P., Jovanovic N.Z.	2008	Mine Water and the Environment	27	1	10.1007/s10230-007-0010-8	Department of Water Resources Management and Agrometeorology, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; School of Bioresources, Engineering and Environmental Hydrology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 002, South Africa; International Water Management Institute Sub-Regional Office, P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa	Idowu, O.A., Department of Water Resources Management and Agrometeorology, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Lorentz, S.A., School of Bioresources, Engineering and Environmental Hydrology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Annandale, J.G., Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 002, South Africa; McCartney, M.P., International Water Management Institute Sub-Regional Office, P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Jovanovic, N.Z., Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa	Low-quality mine water from collieries may be used in large quantities to irrigate agricultural crops on virgin (unmined) and rehabilitated soils in South Africa. Such a use could enhance crop production and allow environmentally sustainable mine water disposal. In this study, the volume and qualities of the runoff from two centre pivots irrigated with moderately saline mine water, as well as their soil water salinities, were monitored and used to determine water and salt balances, using the modified ACRU agrohydrological model, ACRU2000, and its salinity module, ACRUSalinity. At both sites, much of the water evaporated, while a significant part of the salt input either precipitated or remained with the water in the soil horizons. A higher percentage of drainage water (and salinity) were retained as ground water storage and a lower percentage of runoff occurred in the rehabilitated sandy loam soil, while a higher percentage of salts accompanied runoff in the virgin clayey soils. Simulated salt saturation values indicate that many crops could be successfully irrigated at 100% yield potential at either site. Electrical resistivity surveys were carried out at both sites. A general decrease in resistivities with depth in both the virgin and rehabilitated soils reflected the decreasing influence of the mine water used for irrigation with depth and the precipitation of salts in the soils close to the ground surface. The occurrence of a thicker, low-resistivity, near-surface layer near the exit of each pivot area indicates that the water and salt content of the subsurface increased in the direction that the surface and near-surface irrigation water flowed. © 2007 Springer-Verlag.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84913612891	Strengthening confidence in climate change impact science	O'Connor M.I., Holding J.M., Kappel C.V., Duarte C.M., Brander K., Brown C.J., Bruno J.F., Buckley L., Burrows M.T., Halpern B.S., Kiessling W., Moore P., Pandolfi J.M., Parmesan C., Poloczanska E.S., Schoeman D.S., Sydeman W.J., Richardson A.J.	2015	Global Ecology and Biogeography	24	1	10.1111/geb.12218	Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, 735 State Street, Suite 300, Santa Barbara, CA, United States; Department of Global Change Research, Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados, IMEDEA (UIB-CSIC), Esporles, Mallorca, Spain; The UWA Oceans Institute and School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Australia; Centre for Ocean Life, DTU Aqua, Charlottenlund Slot, Denmark; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia; Climate Adaptation Flagship, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Ecosciences Precinct, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Global Change Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia; Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, Argyll, United Kingdom; Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States; Imperial College London, Department of Life Sciences, Silwood Park, United Kingdom; GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Paläoumwelt, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loewenichstrasse 28, Erlangen, Germany; Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia; Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia; Plymouth University, Drakes Circus, Plymouth, Devon, United Kingdom; Section of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, United States; Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, DC, QLD, Australia; Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Farallon Institute for Advanced Ecosystem Research, 101 H Street, Suite Q, Petaluma, CA, United States; Centre for Applications in Natural Resource Mathematics (CARM), School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia	O'Connor, M.I., Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, 735 State Street, Suite 300, Santa Barbara, CA, United States; Holding, J.M., Department of Global Change Research, Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados, IMEDEA (UIB-CSIC), Esporles, Mallorca, Spain; Kappel, C.V., National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, 735 State Street, Suite 300, Santa Barbara, CA, United States; Duarte, C.M., Department of Global Change Research, Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados, IMEDEA (UIB-CSIC), Esporles, Mallorca, Spain, The UWA Oceans Institute and School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Australia; Brander, K., Centre for Ocean Life, DTU Aqua, Charlottenlund Slot, Denmark; Brown, C.J., School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia, Climate Adaptation Flagship, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Ecosciences Precinct, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, Global Change Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia; Bruno, J.F., Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Buckley, L., Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Burrows, M.T., Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, Argyll, United Kingdom; Halpern, B.S., National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, 735 State Street, Suite 300, Santa Barbara, CA, United States, Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States, Imperial College London, Department of Life Sciences, Silwood Park, United Kingdom; Kiessling, W., GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Paläoumwelt, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loewenichstrasse 28, Erlangen, Germany; Moore, P., Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom; Pandolfi, J.M., Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia; Parmesan, C., Plymouth University, Drakes Circus, Plymouth, Devon, United Kingdom, Section of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, United States; Poloczanska, E.S., Climate Adaptation Flagship, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Ecosciences Precinct, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Schoeman, D.S., Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, DC, QLD, Australia, Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Sydeman, W.J., Farallon Institute for Advanced Ecosystem Research, 101 H Street, Suite Q, Petaluma, CA, United States; Richardson, A.J., Climate Adaptation Flagship, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Ecosciences Precinct, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, Centre for Applications in Natural Resource Mathematics (CARM), School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia	Aim: To assess confidence in conclusions about climate-driven biological change through time, and identify approaches for strengthening confidence scientific conclusions about ecological impacts of climate change. Location: Global. Methods: We outlined a framework for strengthening confidence in inferences drawn from biological climate impact studies through the systematic integration of prior expectations, long-term data and quantitative statistical procedures. We then developed a numerical confidence index (Cindex) and used it to evaluate current practices in 208 studies of marine climate impacts comprising 1735 biological time series. Results: Confidence scores for inferred climate impacts varied widely from 1 to 16 (very low to high confidence). Approximately 35% of analyses were not associated with clearly stated prior expectations and 65% of analyses did not test putative non-climate drivers of biological change. Among the highest-scoring studies, 91% tested prior expectations, 86% formulated expectations for alternative drivers but only 63% statistically tested them. Higher confidence scores observed in studies that did not detect a change or tracked multiple species suggest publication bias favouring impact studies that are consistent with climate change. The number of time series showing climate impacts was a poor predictor of average confidence scores for a given group, reinforcing that vote-counting methodology is not appropriate for determining overall confidence in inferences. Main conclusions: Climate impacts research is expected to attribute biological change to climate change with measurable confidence. Studies with long-term, high-resolution data, appropriate statistics and tests of alternative drivers earn higher Cindex scores, suggesting these should be given greater weight in impact assessments. Together with our proposed framework, the results of our Cindex analysis indicate how the science of detecting and attributing biological impacts to climate change can be strengthened through the use of evidence-based prior expectations and thorough statistical analyses, even when data are limited, maximizing the impact of the diverse and growing climate change ecology literature. © 2014 The Authors.	Abundance; Attribution; Climate change; Distribution; Hypothesis; Impacts; Marine; Phenology; Scientific method; Time series	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77951659022	Growth performance and feed utilization by intact male Mubende goats fed various supplements with elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureutri) as basal diet in Uganda	Lapenga K.O., Ebong C., Opuda-Asibo J.	2009	Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances	8	10	None	Department of Wildlife and Animal Resources Management, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries, P.O. Box 2, Entebbe, Uganda; Kyambogo University, P.O. Box 1, Kampala, Uganda	Lapenga, K.O., Department of Wildlife and Animal Resources Management, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; Ebong, C., Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries, P.O. Box 2, Entebbe, Uganda; Opuda-Asibo, J., Kyambogo University, P.O. Box 1, Kampala, Uganda	The objective of this study was to determine, the intake andnutritive values of supplements and the response of Mubende goats to these feeds using elephant grass as basal diet. Thirty young intact male Mubende goats aged between 4 and 6 months with a mean live weight of 14.7±2.8 kg were studied for growth performance and feed utilization. The goats were stratified by live body weight and each goat was randomly allocated to any of the 5 treatment groups resulting in 6 goats per group. All the animals were individually fed elephant grass, used as basal diet ad libitum. The control group was fed elephant alone. However, the other four treatment groups were supplemented with 4,100 g of fresh banana peels, 680 g maize bran, 272 g cottonseed cake and 722 g fresh leucaena leaves, respectively to provide each goat with approximately 10 g N day-1. Water and mineral blocks were offered ad libitum. The feeding trials lasted 26 weeks. Chemical composition of the feeds showed that low protein content in banana peels is a major constraint in its use for ruminant feeding. Goats fed on control diet consumed the highest amount of roughage (349 g day-1)&gt; while supplements depressed intakes of roughage in the other groups. Dry matter and organic matter digestibility values differed significantly (p&lt;0.01) between groups with the latter reflecting energy, which is highest in diet supplemented with maize bran. The best growth rates of 13.5 and 31.7 g day-1 were recorded in goats fed on maize bran and cottonseed cake supplements, respectively. These feed supplements provided adequate energy and protein, which are critical for growth of goats. However, negative growth rates of -3.1 g day-1 were recorded in goats fed on elephant grass alone and leucaena leaves supplement despite adequate availability of nitrogen. The critical factor here seems to be the balance between energy and protein input, which must be correct for proper growth of goats. © Medwell Journals, 2009.	Basal diet; Daily gains; Digestibility; Feed intake; Nitrogen retention; Supplements	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907275699	Post-release monitoring of diet profile and diet quality of reintroduced African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) in Umfurudzi Park, Zimbabwe	Muposhi V.K., Chanyandura A., Gandiwa E., Muvengwi J., Muboko N., Taru P., Kupika O.L.	2014	Tropical Conservation Science	7	3	None	Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Private Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe; Department of Environmental Science, Bindura University of Science Education, Bag 1020, Bindura, Zimbabwe	Muposhi, V.K., Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Private Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe; Chanyandura, A., Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Private Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe; Gandiwa, E., Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Private Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe; Muvengwi, J., Department of Environmental Science, Bindura University of Science Education, Bag 1020, Bindura, Zimbabwe; Muboko, N., Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Private Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe; Taru, P., Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Private Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe; Kupika, O.L., Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Private Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe	Post-release monitoring of wildlife is essential to the success of ecological restoration initiatives. Translocation of wildlife to new ecosystems is associated with changes in diet profiles of individuals and ultimately animal performance, since productivity of rangelands varies in time and space. The population decline and local extinction of buffalo and other species in Umfurudzi Park, Zimbabwe, in the late 1980s led to temporary suspension of hunting activities. Recently, efforts have been made to resuscitate Umfurudzi Park through wildlife reintroductions and active ecosystem management. We assessed the diet profile and diet quality of the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) between 2011 and 2012. A total of 42 grass species constituted the diet spectrum of buffalo. Heteropogon contortus, Eragrostis racemosa, Steroechlaena tenuifolia andThemeda triandra contributed significantly to the buffalo diet during the four seasons of the study period. Although a wide spectrum of grass species was selected in the wet season, the diversity of grass species selected was not significantly different among the seasons. Grass species crude protein deteriorated from 4.5% in the wet season to 3.5% in the dry season. Crude protein and phosphorus levels in buffalo faecal samples were within the recommended nutrient scale for southern Africa large herbivores. We conclude that feed availability and quality may not be limiting the persistence of the reintroduced buffalo. There is a need to closely monitor grass availability, dietary shifts, and forage quality over time, as well as resource partitioning with other feeding guilds. © Victor K. Muposhi, Admire Chanyandura, Edson Gandiwa, Justice Muvengwi, Never Muboko, Philip Taru and Olga L. Kupika.	Biodiversity; Crude protein; Habitat; Herbivores; Phosphorus	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84954381413	Performance of pairwise shape dissimilarity morphometrics on nonmammalian taxa (Insecta: Neuroptera: Mantispidae)	Bakkes D.K., Snyman L.P., Pirk C.W.W., Sole C.L.	2015	Journal of Morphology	276	12	10.1002/jmor.20436	Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa	Bakkes, D.K., Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa; Snyman, L.P., Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa; Pirk, C.W.W., Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa; Sole, C.L., Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa	Morphometric dissimilarity metrics aim to quantify the variation between compared specimens such that inferences about their relatedness and alpha taxonomy can be made. Recently, the technique has developed metrics that purport to quantify shape dissimilarity between specimens-employing the use of least squares regression analysis. These metrics have been well applied by studies in the hominin fossil record with an arguably unsubstantiated backing for the technique. Originally postulated was the log10 sem metric which subsequently led to the standard error test of the hypothesis metric. Following this, the standard deviation of logged ratios (SLR) metric arose as a pairwise dissimilarity metric that constrains the regression to a zero-intercept, that is, a significant development in the robustness of the technique. This metric was tested on extant primates in order to evaluate its effectiveness alongside the two other metrics. It was shown to be the most reliable for comparisons between specimens of primates, but was unable to discriminate between heterospecific and conspecific comparisons. Arguably, an alternative model organism with which to compare the technique is lacking. This study considers shape dissimilarity metrics with respect to a group of nonmammalian organisms (mantidflies) and tests the metrics against three lines of evidence (morphology, CO1-DNA, and geographic distribution) that can delimit the species-level taxonomy for the group. It is shown that the metrics are unable to discriminate between pairwise comparisons of closely related species, resulting in biologically erroneous groupings, and contradicting the groupings derived from morphological, CO1-DNA, and distributional comparisons. It is thus asserted that the technique is unsuitable for use in alpha taxonomy as an additional line of evidence in mantidflies. It is further supposed that morphometrics in general should be employed with caution in studies of evolutionary history as phylogeny is not the only information contained within morphometric data. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.	DNA; Log sem; Mantispid; Standard deviation of logged ratios; Standard error test of the hypothesis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84958750921	Reproductive toxicological evaluation of Ficus exasperata ethanolic extract in male albino rats	Usang A.U., Ibor O.R., Owolodun O.A., Eleng I.E., Ujong U.P., Udoh P.B.	2015	International Journal of Toxicological and Pharmacological Research	7	6	None	Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Nigeria; Department of Zoology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Cross River State University of Technology, P.M.B 1123	Usang, A.U., Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Nigeria; Ibor, O.R., Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Nigeria; Owolodun, O.A., Department of Zoology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Eleng, I.E., Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Nigeria; Ujong, U.P., Department of Medical Biochemistry, Cross River State University of Technology, P.M.B 1123 Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria; Udoh, P.B., Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Nigeria	Ficus exasperata popularly known as sand paper tree (due to its rough surfaces) is an important medicinal plant in Africa used traditionally for treating asthma, dyspnea, high blood pressure, rheumatoid, arthritis, ulcer and diabetes. Due to its wide application as a medicinal herb, there is a special need to evaluate the safety and probable toxicological effects of the plant. Hence, this study was aimed at investigating the possible reproductive toxicological effects of ethanolic extract of F. exasperata on male albino rats. Phytochemical screening was done to analyse the active constituents in the extract (Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phlobatannins, saponins, anthraquinones, glycosides and phenols). Three concentrations: 50, 100, 150 and control (0.0) mg/kg body weight of the extract were utilized and administered orally to the test animals for 3 days. The levels of a major reproductive androgen hormone (testosterone) were measured with the enzyme immune assay (EIA) and changes in reproductive organ weights were evaluated. Ethanolic extract of Ficus exasperata significantly decreased (p<0.05) serum testosterone levels which paralleled changes in gonadal growth and development and this decrease were concentration dependent. Our results suggest that ethanolic extract of F. exasperata contain some bioactive constituents that may have reproductive toxicological effects which inhibit testosterone synthesis and reduce reproductive organ development and consequently may result in infertility. The mechanism of action of F. exasperata inducing reproductive toxicological effects may have resulted from the potential ability of some phytochemicals to interact with steroid hormone synthesis and therefore inhibiting testosterone biosynthesis. © 2015, International Journal of Toxicological and Pharmacological Research. All rights reserved.	F. exasperata; Male albino rats; Phytochemical screening; Reproductive effects; Testosterone	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949126110	Comparative evaluation of wound healing effects of ocimum gratissimum, vernonia amygdaline and zingiber officinalis extracts on incision wound model in rats	Eyo J.E., Uzoibiam B.O., Ogbanya K.C., Nnaji T.O.	2014	Pharmacologyonline	3	None	None	Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Surgery, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria	Eyo, J.E., Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria; Uzoibiam, B.O., Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria; Ogbanya, K.C., Department of Veterinary Surgery, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria; Nnaji, T.O., Department of Veterinary Surgery, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria	Wound healing effects of Ocimum gratissimum, Vernonia amygdaline and Zingiber officinalis extracts were investigated using incisional wound model in rats. Twenty five (25) male Wistar albino rats, weighing between 100-150 grams were used for the study. They were divided into five groups of five rats each. Group A received the extract of Zingiber officinalis whereas groups B and C received the extracts of Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina, respectively. Group D served as positive control and received hydrogen peroxide and group E served as negative control and received normal saline. Wound healing indices such as wound contraction, re-epithelialization and whooping (fluid exudation) were subjectively and grossly studied. Area of wound contraction was observed to be time dependent regardless of the extract in both groups. In all extracts, wound contraction improved with duration of exposure to extract, being least at day 2 and highest at day 18. Similar results were obtained for both the positive and negative control using hydrogen peroxide and normal saline. The extracts enhanced wound contraction with more percentage area of wound contraction occurring for the group of animals treated with V. amygdalina than for the other extracts. Ranging of extracts wound healing effect were noted to be thus V. amygdalina > O. gratissimum > Z. officinalis. Although, animals treated with V. amygdalina showed greater healing than other animals of the positive and negative control but it showed no significant difference (p<0.05) when analyzed statistically. Wound epithelialization occurred on the average of two weeks independent of the groups or the extract used. The data from the experiment showed that there was no significant difference (p<0.05) in the mean days of epithelialization for all the five groups. Animals treated with Vernonia amygdalina had lesser day of wound epithelialization in comparison to animals treated with other extracts but yet showed no significant difference (p<0.05) when analyzed statistically. Exudation was mostly observed in the untreated wounds. The observation in the course of the experiment shows that whooping occurred in early stage of the wound for some extracts. Animals treated with plant extracts of Z. officinalis, O. Gratissimum, V. amygdalina and even hydrogen peroxide showed significant difference (p<0.05) in exudation when compared to animals treated with normal saline. However, Vernonia amygdaline proved more efficacious than any other extract for the treatment of all the phases of wound healing because it has the highest percentage area of wound contraction in almost all the days post-wounding. © 2015, SILAE (Italo-Latin American Society of Ethnomedicine). All rights reserved.	Incisional wound; Plant extracts; Rats; Wound healing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84942039583	Comparative effect of local and foreign commercial feeds on the growth performance and survival of Clarias gariepinus juveniles	Mustapha M.K., Akinware B.F., Faseyi C.A., Alade A.A.	2014	Journal of Advanced Zoology	35	1	None	Department of Zoology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	Mustapha, M.K., Department of Zoology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Akinware, B.F., Department of Zoology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Faseyi, C.A., Department of Zoology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Alade, A.A., Department of Zoology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	Growth and survival of Clarias gariepinus juveniles fed with a local feed and coppens commercial feed were compared along with their proximate compositions and water quality of the cultured tanks. The economics of the feed was also evaluated. Fish fed with coppens showed significant (P<0.05) higher weight increase, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio and low food conversion ratio than fish fed with local feed. Significant (P<0.05) higher mortality were recorded in fish fed with the local feed. The growth performance is a reflection of the proximate composition of the feeds with local feed having low crude protein (10.95%), lipid (3.95%) and ash (4.92%) when compared to coppens which had 42% crude protein 12%, lipid 9.5% ash with protein being most significant. Carbohydrate (69.90%) and crude fibre (2.88%) were higher in the local feed than in coppens with an imbalance in carbohydrate and lipid ratio. Mortality was attributed to stress resulting from the poor quality of the feed. Cost of feeding with local feed to a weight gain of 31.67g was | 80, while the cost of feeding with coppens to a weight gain of 148.58g was | 16. Local feed should have all necessary nutrients in appropriate proximate before being sold.	Carbohydrate; Clarias gariepinus; Coppens; Growth; Local feed; Protein; Water quality	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900301311	Put your money where your mouth is: Verbal self-reported tactical skills versus on-line tactical performance in soccer	Nortje L., Dicks M., Coopoo Y., Savelsbergh G.	2014	International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching	9	2	10.1260/1747-9541.9.2.321	Department Sport and Movement Studies, University of Johannesburg, Corner University and Kingsway, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1105, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Netherlands; Research Institute for Biomedical Research into Human Movement and Health, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Oxford Road, Manchester, M1 5GD, United Kingdom; Academy for Physical Education, University of Professional Education, Netherlands	Nortje, L., Department Sport and Movement Studies, University of Johannesburg, Corner University and Kingsway, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1105, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Netherlands; Dicks, M., MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1105, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Netherlands; Coopoo, Y., Department Sport and Movement Studies, University of Johannesburg, Corner University and Kingsway, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; Savelsbergh, G., MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1105, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Netherlands, Research Institute for Biomedical Research into Human Movement and Health, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Oxford Road, Manchester, M1 5GD, United Kingdom, Academy for Physical Education, University of Professional Education, Netherlands	The main goal of the study was to examine whether a relationship existed between self-reported and in situ tactical decision-making in the form of actions for small-sided soccer games, namely 4-vs.-4 and 8-vs.-8 games. Sixteen skilled male soccer players participated and completed the Tactical Skills Inventory for Sport Questionnaire (TACSIS). In addition, their decision-making performance was assessed for two 4-vs.-4 and one 8-vs.-8 small-sided soccer games. Video-analysis of the small-sided games was conducted to determine the successful and unsuccessful actions of each player. A performance ratio was calculated for each player based on the small-sided game analyses, which reflected the number of successful decisions made by players; that is, the number of successful ball actions divided by total ball actions. Correlation analysis revealed no significant relationship between the procedural knowledge TACSIS questionnaire scores and performance in the small-sided games. The findings are discussed within the theoretical framework of the two-visual system model and the repercussion for the use of questionnaires for talent identification.	Association Football; Small-Sided Games; Tactical Decision-Making; Talent Identification; Video Analysis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84905821535	Ruck-play as performance indicator during the 2010 six nations championship	Kraak W.J., Welman K.E.	2014	International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching	9	3	10.1260/1747-9541.9.3.525	Department Sport Science, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa	Kraak, W.J., Department Sport Science, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; Welman, K.E., Department Sport Science, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa	The contest for possession has resulted in ball release delays. Accordingly the International Rugby Board amended the laws surrounding the ruck area in 2009. The study objective was to determine if a relationship exists between the ruck outcomes and ranking of the 2010 Six Nations Championship teams, establish differences between locations, compare the top to the bottom ranked teams and if the number of players involved influences ruck outcome. Fifteen 2010 Six Nations Championship matches were analysed by a performance analyst. Of the 1479 rucks, 92% retained the ball successfully, with no difference between the ruck success rate and team ranking, regardless if teams were attacking (p=0.74) or defending (p=0.95). Generally four players were involved during rucks. The players involved during unsuccessful and successful retention of the ball differed (p=0.03, d=0.21). Attackers involved mostly two players (50%), whereas defenders had typically one player (68%). Attacking teams were particularly successful, in retaining possession, if they had one more attacker involved than the defenders (p<0.05). Most rucks formed in zone B and fewer rucks were formed by top teams. Training programs should adapt to accommodate law changes.	Performance Analysis; Rucks; Rugby Union; Sport Analytics	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897465303	The socio-political impact of trauma as experienced by the African National Congress's political activists in the free state province, 1970-1994	Pudumo K., Twala C., Kompi B.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	3	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n3p568	Departments of History, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Pudumo, K., Departments of History, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Twala, C., Departments of History, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Kompi, B., Departments of History, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	During the apartheid era in South Africa, there were significant activities and events taking place within and outside the country in as far as the liberation struggle was concerned. The banning of the liberation movements in 1960 and the subsequent launch of an armed struggle led to dramatic change in the lives of millions of South Africans. Participants in the sabotage campaign and other underground activities, exile, military training and action, imprisonment, death in detention, banishment, torture, imprisonments without trial, house arrests, constant surveillance and harassment, and general involvement in the struggle against apartheid characterised the psychological and physical traumatic experiences of the political activists in the Free State Province.The traumatic experiences of the political activists in the Free State forms part of the tapestry of South Africa's liberation history. The article gives a reflection of the political activists' memory against the state of forgetting.	Exile; Human rights; Liberation history; Liberation movements; Liberation struggle	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84855243951	Evaluation of hydronephrosis, during pregnancy in Nigerian women	Oyinloye O.I., Okoyomo A.A.	2010	Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice	13	1	None	Departments of Radiology, University Ofllorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria; Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Centre, Lokoja, Nigeria	Oyinloye, O.I., Departments of Radiology, University Ofllorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria; Okoyomo, A.A., Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Centre, Lokoja, Nigeria	Objective: Hydronephrosis is common during pregnancy. However, pattern of dilatation and effect of urinary tract problems are still largely controversial. The study aims to determine, the pattern of dilatation of the collecting system during pregnancy, effect of urinary tract problems and parity on the degree of dilatation, in our environment. aterials and Methods: Subjects were 135 women with singleton pregnancy (Gestational age of 12-40 weeks) and 43 non- pregnant women of child bearing age, referred to the ultrasound unit of Federal Medical centre Lokoja, Nigeria, for routine obstetrics sonography. Duration was, from January 2004 to may 2004. The pelvicalyceal diameters were measured and classified into mild, moderate or severe dilatation. esult: Hydronephrosis of pregnancy was found to have an incidence of 93.4% on the right side and 84.4% on the left side. A linear relationship was established between gestational age and mean pelvicalyceal diameters for both kidneys. Mean pelvicalyceal diameter was higher in women with urinary tract problems than those without, and this was statistically significant for the right kidney.(p<5).No association was however found with parity. onclusion: Hydronephrosis is common in pregnancy with a right sided predominance.Pelvicalyceal diameter increases gradually throughout pregnancy with advancing gestational age. Urinary tract problems seem to cause increase in pelvicalyceal diameter while parity has no influence.	Hydronephrosis; Pregnancy; Ultrasound	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84960842493	Effect of dietary intervention on the performance and biochemical indices of chicken broilers challenged with Aspergillus flavus	Bolu S.A., Olatunde O.A., Ojo V.	2015	Tropical Agriculture	92	4	None	Dept of Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Nigeria	Bolu, S.A., Dept of Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Nigeria; Olatunde, O.A., Dept of Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Nigeria; Ojo, V., Dept of Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Nigeria	A study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary interventions of vitamins A and C, methionine and lysine singly and in combination on broilers challenged with Aspergillus flavus. The interventions were Vitamins A+C (A+C), Methionine+Lysine (METH+LYS) and Vitamins A+C+METH+LYS. The experiment which was conducted for 8 weeks employed a completely randomized design. Feed intake, weight gain, nutrient retention and feed conversion efficiency were significantly influenced (p<0.05) by dietary supplementation of the Aspergillus challenged birds. Highest feed intake (42.81g/bird/day) was observe for Aspergillus challenged birds supplemented with A+C+METH+LYS which compared favourably with the positive control birds (42.48g/bird/day). The lowest feed intake was observed for the negative control birds (Aspergillus challenged without dietary intervention). Weight gain was highest for the positive control bird (20.14g/bird/day). This value was similar to the value obtained for Aspergillus challenged birds supplemented with A+C+METH+LYS. Lowest weight gain was observed in the negative control birds (12.44g/bird/day). These birds also recorded significantly (p<0.05) lowest feed conversion efficiency (3.09). Haematological and serum indices showed no significant differences (p>0.05) however, higher lymphocytes values were observed in challenged birds with dietary intervention. As a general immune modulator, vitamins A and C with lysine and methionine may be an attractive alternative to the on-farm use of vaccines in poultry in the management of aspergillosis. © 2015 Trop. Agric. (Trinidad).	Aspergillus challenged birds; Lysine; Methionine; Vitamins A,C	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84863881336	Performance, subprime-assets and the Nigerian banking sector	Osamwonyi I.O., Abosede A.J.	2012	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	49	None	Dept of Banking and Finance, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria	Osamwonyi, I.O., Dept of Banking and Finance, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Abosede, A.J., Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria	Banking sector performance in Nigeria has exhibited high level of volatility and fragility with the resultant individual and systemic distress which brought about wide ranging reforms. No doubt the actions and inactions of managers of banks and the inclement nature of the socio-economic environment could have accounted for the unpleasant results. The Central Bank of Nigeria indicted management of banks for insider abuses, subprime assets and inadequate provision. This study relying on Klitgaard (1996) model uses bad debts and operating expenses as proxies examines how circumvention of best practices may have affected banking activities in Nigeria. The study shows positive correlation among gross income, bad debts, loans and advances and operating expenses, though not significant. The significant intercept suggests other factors, and given current revelations they could be creative accounting and circumvention of best practices [despite the window dressing using incomes from non-interest activities and inadequate provision for doubtful debts]. Government should therefore intensify and/or redefine its intervention strategies through improved supervision and insistence on good corporate governance instead of focusing on only recapitalization. © EuroJournals, Inc. 2012.	And Bad debts; Banking sector performance; Best practices	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84899143708	Investigating the moderating effect of student engagement on academic performance	Gerber C., Mans-Kemp N., Schlechter A.	2013	Acta Academica	45	4	None	Dept of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; School of Management Studies, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa	Gerber, C., Dept of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; Mans-Kemp, N., Dept of Business Management, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; Schlechter, A., School of Management Studies, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa	The academic performance and success of students are important for both higher education institutions and students. Student engagement has been identified as a crucial factor in academic success. Studies investigating student engagement have typically used self-report measures of engagement, collected at a given point in time. Self-report measures are, however, prone to positive bias (social desirability). In an attempt to overcome these shortfalls, data were collected over three years (2010-2012) in a third-year Business Management module, presented at a South African university (n=380). Academic and behavioural student engagement was measured by assessing academic activities (class attendance and weekly homework assessments), rather than with a self-report measurement scale. Unlike previous studies that correlated student engagement with academic performance, this article argues that student engagement enhances academic performance. It was found that student engagement significantly moderated the relationship between early and late semester assessments of academic performance (semester test and examination marks). It was, therefore, concluded that higher levels of engagement enhance the learning experience and subsequent performance in the module. High levels of student engagement may even lead to higher, than would otherwise be expected, academic performance. © UV/UFS.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955914258	The impact of educational attainment on household poverty in South Africa [Die impak van opvoeding op huishoudelike armoede in Suid-Afrika]	Botha F.	2010	Acta Academica	42	4	None	Dept of Economics and Economic History, Rhodes University, P O Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa	Botha, F., Dept of Economics and Economic History, Rhodes University, P O Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa	This article investigates the relationship between the educational attainment of the household head and household poverty in South Africa. The results indicate a clear negative relationship between education and poverty. Households in which the head has a low level of education are more likely to be poor compared to a household where the head has a higher level of education. Literacy of the household head is also inversely related to household poverty. Rural and black households are the most vulnerable, with distinct differences between the province of residence. Despite large resource allocation towards education, educational outcomes have not improved. This raises questions concerning the lack of association between resource allocation and educational outcomes. © UV/UFS.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84888117442	The roles of degree of competition and types of business strategies in adopting multiple performance measurement practices: Some reflections from bangladesh	Khan H.U.Z., Ahmed R., Halabi A.K.	2010	Research in Accounting in Emerging Economies	10	None	10.1108/S1479-3563	East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia; University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Khan, H.U.Z., East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Ahmed, R., James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia; Halabi, A.K., University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Aim-This empirical study explores the association between competition, business strategy, and the uses of a multiple performance measurement system in Bangladesh manufacturing firms. Design/methodology-The study uses a questionnaire survey of 50 manufacturing companies. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis and other descriptive statistics. Findings-The results suggest that greater emphasis on multiple measures for performance evaluation is associated with businesses that are facing high competition. The practices of multiple performance measures are also significantly related to the types of business strategy being followed. Specifically, firms pursuing a prospector strategy have relied more on multiple performance measures to rate business performance than the firms pursuing a defender strategy. Practical implications-The article notes that the designers of performance measurement systems need to consider contingent factors that affect an organizations' control system. Originality/value-Substantiating the connection between contingent variables and the use of multiple performance measures in manufacturing firms facilitate a better acceptance of firms' tendency toward new measurement tools. The study contributes to the performance measurement and contingency literature since it presents empirical evidence of the state of multiple performance measures with organizational contingent variables using a developing country's manufacturing sector data. Copyright © 2010 by Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Bangladesh; Firms' strategy; Manufacturing sector; Market competition; Multiple performance measures	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-65549114257	Studies on growth performance and feed utilization of two Clariid catfish and their hybrid reared under different culture systems	Adewolu M.A., Ogunsanmi A.O., Yunusa A.	2008	European Journal of Scientific Research	23	2	None	Dept of Fisheries, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University P.M.B. 001, Lasu Post Office, OJO, Badagry Expressway, Lagos, Nigeria	Adewolu, M.A., Dept of Fisheries, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University P.M.B. 001, Lasu Post Office, OJO, Badagry Expressway, Lagos, Nigeria; Ogunsanmi, A.O., Dept of Fisheries, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University P.M.B. 001, Lasu Post Office, OJO, Badagry Expressway, Lagos, Nigeria; Yunusa, A., Dept of Fisheries, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University P.M.B. 001, Lasu Post Office, OJO, Badagry Expressway, Lagos, Nigeria	An experiment was conducted to determine the growth performance and feed utilization of two Clariid catfish and their hybrid reared under monoculture, duoculture and trioculture systems. The Clariid catfish were Clarias gariepinus, Heterobranchus longifilis and their hybrid (♀H. longifilis X ♂C. gariepinus). In the monoculture system, each of the species and their hybrid was cultured separately, in the duoculture system, there were combinations of C. gariepinus with H. longifilis; C. gariepinus with hybrid catfish; and H. longifilis with hybrid catfish In the trio culture system, all the two catfish species and their hybrid were cultured together. Fingerlings of mean weight 8.50±0.50g were stocked into 21 circular tanks of 40 liters in capacity at 18 fingerlings per tank. Fish were fed on twice daily at 09.00hour and 18.00hour on 35% crude protein at 3% of their total body weight. There was 50% exchange of water daily in all the culture systems. The results revealed that all the two species and their hybrid grew best under the monoculture, followed by duoculture and least in trioculture systems. Hybrid catfish had the best growth and feed utilization, followed by C. gariepinus and the least with H. longifillis, There were significant differences (p<0.05) in all the growth and feed utilization parameters of the two clariid species and their hybrid in all the culture systems expect in the duoculture of hybrid catfish which showed no significant (p>0.05) differences when cultured with either C.gariepinus or H. longifilis. C. gariepinus had better growth rate and feed utilization when cultured with hybrid catfish than when cultured with H.longifilis and vice verse. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2008.	Clarias gariepinus; Duoculture; Heterobranchus longifillis; Hybrid catfish; Monoculture; Trioculture	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953519948	Modelling impact toughness of grey cast iron produced from Co2 and steel moulds	Oyetunji A.	2010	Journal of Applied Sciences Research	6	5	None	Dept of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria	Oyetunji, A., Dept of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria	Impact property of grey cast iron produced from CO and steel moulds were determined experimentally and quantitatively in this work. The experimental data obtained were used to develop model (multiple linear regression equations) using stepwise technique, which were used to obtain calculated (numerical) values of these properties for each investigated material. Both experimental and calculated values of these properties were subjected to relevant statistical tests such as: - paired t-test, correlation coefficient, standard error, standard deviation and variance; and were found to compare favourably within the limits of experimental error. Hence, this developed model would be useful to oil and petrochemical industries, machine base manufactures, electric motor manufactures, agricultural equipment manufacturing industries and research institutes such as Naval, Air force and Aviation Research Institutes. Other sectors that can benefit from developed model are small and medium-scale foundry industries that are characterized with low capital outlay. © 2010, INSInet Publication.	And moulds; CO2; Impact; Modelling; Steel; Toughness	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79951979951	The physicochemical evaluation and applicability of landolphia owariensis latex as a release modulating agent in its admixture with Carbosil® in Ibuprofenloaded self-emulsifying oil formulations	Obitte N.C., Chukwu A., Onyishi V.I., Obitte B.C.N.	2009	International Journal of Applied Research in Natural Products	2	4	None	Dept of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Dept of Science Technology, Federal Polytechnic Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria	Obitte, N.C., Dept of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Chukwu, A., Dept of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Onyishi, V.I., Dept of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Obitte, B.C.N., Dept of Science Technology, Federal Polytechnic Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria	The need to address the problematic gastric irritation side effects and inconsistent bioavailability of most poorly soluble drugs has drawn the attention of researchers to self emulsifying drug delivery system as one of the possible solutions to these problems. Secondly self emulsifying oil formulations good as they may be could be associated with leakage from their hard gelatin capsules. This further motivated the introduction of gelling agents to address this problem. The objective of this work was to investigate some preliminary properties of Landolphia owariensis latex, including its applicability as a release modulating agent when admixed with Carbosil®, a gelling agent in Ibuprofen-loaded Palm Kernel oil (PKO)-based self-emulsifying oil formulations (SEOFs). Purification and precipitation were carried out on the oil and the latex respectively. Some physicochemical properties of the latex were also determined. SEOFs were formulated using varying concentrations of PKO, Tween 80 and Span 85 and thereafter tested for isotropicity. Drug-loaded SEOFs with or without Landolphia owariensis latex (LOL) and Carbosil-LOL admixture respectively were evaluated for stability, emulsification time, drug release, aqueous dilution, freeze thaw and drug precipitation tests. Results showed that LOL contained some phytocostituents, had a reasonable adhesive strength, and could retard aqueous permeation. Three out of nine batches of the SEOFs passed the isotropicity test, witnessed no phase separation when emulsified and diluted, and could resist drug precipitation after dilution. LOL did not at all delay drug release from SEOFs unlike LOL-Carbosil admixture. LOL-Carbosil admixture significantly (p&lt;0.05) reduced emulsification time. There was no consistent trend in the dynamic viscosity result. Stability of the SEOFs was maintained at refrigeration temperature of 2°C. The above results indicated that LOL, an oil-soluble latex possesses excipient usefulness when incorporated into SEOFs and can therefore be used to modulate the drug retarding effect of Carbosil in their SEOF formulations while retaining Carbosil's gelling property. Industrial relevance: The major challenge confronting the biopharmaceutical properties of some nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and poorly water soluble drugs include gastric irritation and poor GIT solubility/unpredictable bioavailability respectively. Self-emulsifying oil formulation is a lipid-based drug delivery system that addresses the above two challenges by fine globule-drug entrapment/solubilisation. In the GIT the o/w emulsion formed fortifies the drug enough for avoidance of direct drug-mucosal surface irritation and/or erosion and better absorption profile cum consistent bioavailability. The industrial translation of SEOF is very easy; this is because it involves very minimal and affordable machinability, devoid of complicated methodologies and tedious granulation/tableting procedures. Besides the oil component is very available, safe and inexpensive. The inclusion of carbosil® will gel the SEOF against capsular leakage while LOL latex will reduce the sustained drug release effect of Carbosil® especially for immediate release products. Landolphia owariensis latex can also be formulated as an adhesive. © 2009-2010 Healthy Synergies Publications.	Carbosil®; Emulsification time; Landolphia owariensis latex; Palm kernel oil (PKO); Self-emulsifying oil formulation (SEOF); Surfactants	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864033811	Some predictors of academic performance of first-year students in three- and four-year curricula [Enkele voorspellers van die akademiese prestasie van eerste-jaarstudente in drie-en vierjaar-kurrikulums]	Keeve A., Naude L., Esterhuyse K.	2012	Acta Academica	44	1	None	Dept Sielkunde, Universiteit van die Vrystaat, Posbus 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa	Keeve, A., Dept Sielkunde, Universiteit van die Vrystaat, Posbus 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa; Naude, L., Dept Sielkunde, Universiteit van die Vrystaat, Posbus 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa; Esterhuyse, K., Dept Sielkunde, Universiteit van die Vrystaat, Posbus 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa	Low success rates at South African higher education institutions instigated renewed interest in the predictors of academic performance. This study article investigates academic and psychosocial predictors of academic performance of first-year students in three- and four-year curricula. In combination, the predictors explain 20.2% of the variance in academic performance. For three- year-curriculum students, academic factors (Grade 12 performance, language proficiency) provide a significant explanation. This does not apply to four-year- curriculum students, where psychosocial factors (parents' education level) play a role. Admission to higher education based on Grade 12 performance and language proficiency appears to be justified, but is less accurate for four-year- curriculum students. © UV/UFS.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892733609	The impact of social grants on rural women: Perspectives from ABET practitioners	Johnson L., Dichaba M.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	13	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n13p541	Dept. of ABET and Youth Development, College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	Johnson, L., Dept. of ABET and Youth Development, College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa; Dichaba, M., Dept. of ABET and Youth Development, College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	The most recent census information available, as well as other reports and studies reveal that out of a population of about 52 million South Africans, approximately 30 percent live on social grants. This translates to at least 15.6 million social grant recipients countrywide. This study examines how social grants have contributed to the well-being and especially livelihoods of rural people. It also examines how the grants have enabled and empowered recipients, encouraged self-reliance and created opportunities for socioeconomic growth and development towards poverty alleviation for rural recipients. Proponents of Adult Basic Education and Training (ABET) tend to link issues of education and development to literacy. This study examines how social grants contribute to improvements in families' livelihoods and the well-being of individuals who receive them. In addition, it seeks to establish whether there is a link between the provision of social grants, as a social policy model, and literacy, development and education. While the social grant is meant to bridge economic disparities by assisting the poor, this study is located at an intersection of two schools of thought about this policy - those in support of and those against it. Jeffrey Sachs' Millennium Villages Project underpins the theoretical framework of this study as it gives hope for those critics who believe that Africa will forever be dependent on foreign aid and hand-outs. Qualitative and document analysis methods were used to collate and analyse journals and diaries kept by grant recipients in fifteen (15) rural households in the Free State over a period of two years. The main findings of the study reveal that social grants, as an economic intervention, are contributing substantively towards poverty reduction. However, the recipients feel that the social grant is a gift from government and believe that it will be forfeited, if they become self-reliant. The study concludes that more income-generating activities should be encouraged through the provision of loans or seed-funds as CARE-South Africa had done in their community development interventions to grant recipients. Social grants are only a means of survival, but community education can bring about for development - along with other adult education programmes - and is a key element in addressing sustainable development.	Economic intervention; Hand-outs; Poverty reduction; Self-reliance; Social grants	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84862217530	Performance evaluation of portable sprinkler irrigation system in Ilorin, Nigeria	Ahaneku I.E.	2010	Indian Journal of Science and Technology	3	8	10.17485/ijst/2010/v3i8/29896	Dept. of Agricultural and Bioresources Engg., Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 65, Minna, Nigeria	Ahaneku, I.E., Dept. of Agricultural and Bioresources Engg., Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 65, Minna, Nigeria	The global climate change and its attendant effect on scarce water resources have further reduced the amount of water available for agriculture. Under this circumstance, the use of pressurized irrigation systems can be an option of enhancing the efficiency of water consumption. This study was therefore conducted to evaluate the performance of a new portable sprinkler system purchased by the lower Niger river basin development authority, Ilorin, Nigeria. Catch can test were carried out to determine the performance of irrigation applied with the portable sprinkler irrigation systems under field conditions. The tests were carried out using ASABE (2009) standard procedures. The coefficient of uniformity (CU) was used to compute the uniformity of sprinkler water application on the field; while the delivery performance ratio (DPR) was used to quantify the efficiency of the management inputs of the sprinkler system. Results of the field evaluation indicated that the average CU and DPR of the system were 86% and 87%, respectively, indicating satisfactory performance of the sprinkler system. Emanating from the study were a set of performance guidelines and recommendations for the design and management of sprinkler irrigation systems necessary for the achievement of optimum performance. © Indian Society for Education and Environment (iSee).	Evaluation; Nigeria; Performance; Sprinkler irrigation; Water	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-67649850525	Factors influencing irrigation technology adoption and its impact on household poverty in Ghana	Adeoti A.I.	2008	Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics	109	1	None	Dept. of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Adeoti, A.I., Dept. of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	The treadle pump technology was promoted and disseminated as an alternative to traditional rope and bucket for irrigation in Ghana by the International Non-Governmental Organization, Enterprise Works. The aim is to improve output, increase incomes and consequently reduce poverty among farm households. The paper employed the Heckman two-stage and the Ordinary Least Square procedures to identify the factors that influence adoption of the technology and the impact of adoption on the poverty status of farm households. Farm and household level data were obtained from 108 farmers consisting of 52 adopters and 58 non-adopters. The results demonstrated that availability of labor and increases in number of extension visits per year are factors that increase the probability of adoption. The results also showed that increase in irrigated area has the highest impact on poverty followed by adoption of treadle pump and literacy level of farmers.	Ghana; Irrigation technology; Poverty; Treadle pump adoption	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901612487	Assessment of trade performance of OIC African members in the face of global economic crisis	Osabuohien E.S., Efobi U.R.	2014	Journal of Economic Cooperation and Development	35	1	None	Dept. of Economics and Development Studies, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; Alexander von Humboldt Research Fellow, German Development Institute, Bonn, Germany; School of Business, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	Osabuohien, E.S., Dept. of Economics and Development Studies, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria, Alexander von Humboldt Research Fellow, German Development Institute, Bonn, Germany; Efobi, U.R., School of Business, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	The 2007/2008 global economic crisis has threatened the economic and financial fabrics of most countries. For instance, FDI inflow as a percentage of GDP in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), which increased by over 85% (1995-1999) reduced by 48% in 2008. Similarly, merchandize exports as a percentage of GDP for SSA reduced by 17.9% between 1995 and 2008. This paper investigates the impact of the economic crisis on the trade performance of 25 selected Organisation of Islamic Countries-OIC in Africa. Some indicators that formed our main explained variable include trade share in world market, trade per capita, and real growth in trade. In the analysis conducted in this work, we found that trade performance and global economic crises indicators differ markedly across Africa's five sub-regions and the 'heat' of the global economic crises has a significant implication for trade share of Africa's OIC members. Other findings and suggestions on how to improve the trade performance for African countries especially the OIC members are documented in the study.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-65749083293	Bleaching performance of a nigerian (Yola) bentonite	James O.O., Mesubi M.A., Adekola F.A., Odebunmi E.O., Adekeye J.I.D., Bale R.B.	2008	Latin American Applied Research	38	1	None	Dept. of Chemistry, College of Science and Technology Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; Dept. of Chemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Dept. of Geology and Mineral Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	James, O.O., Dept. of Chemistry, College of Science and Technology Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; Mesubi, M.A., Dept. of Chemistry, College of Science and Technology Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; Adekola, F.A., Dept. of Chemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Odebunmi, E.O., Dept. of Chemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Adekeye, J.I.D., Dept. of Geology and Mineral Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Bale, R.B., Dept. of Geology and Mineral Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	The bleaching performance of raw and acid activated Yola montmorillonite clay was studied. The bleaching performance was enhanced upon activation. The predominant active sites on the raw clay are Lewis acid sites, those on the improved clay are Bronsted acid sites. The best bleaching performance was obtained with clay sample activated with 5M H 2SO 4 at acid/clay ratio 0.7, bleaching temperature of 120°C and at 10 minute stirring time. At these conditions the improved clay compares favorably well in terms of bleaching performance with the imported industrial standard sample. Thus, it could be a local substitute for the industrial standard. © 2009 Universidad Nacional del Sur.	β-Carotene; Adsorption; Bentonite; Bleaching; Clay Activation; Palm Oil	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79953900847	Determination of reusable labware performances with emphasis on oscillation of pendulum using visualization techniques	Mukaila O., Taiwo O.A., Ameen A.O., Mabayoje M.A., Aremu M.A.	2011	European Journal of Scientific Research	50	1	None	Dept. of Computer Science, Kwara State Polytechnic Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Dept. of Mathematics, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, kwara State, Nigeria; Dept. of Computer Science, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria; Dept. of Mathematics/Stati	Mukaila, O., Dept. of Computer Science, Kwara State Polytechnic Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Taiwo, O.A., Dept. of Mathematics, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, kwara State, Nigeria; Ameen, A.O., Dept. of Computer Science, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria; Mabayoje, M.A., Dept. of Computer Science, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria; Aremu, M.A., Dept. of Mathematics/Statistics, Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin, Nigeria	This papers focuses solely on the development of linear regression model as a tool for visualization in order to determine various average periods of oscillations of pendulum with specific mass of ball which is 8.30 gramme. The essence of this is to determine the effect of using different weight of ball of pendulum on oscillations with varying in length and time of oscillations. With the model that was developed the performance of LABWARE and pendulum oscillation to be specific can easily be monitor and this helped to generate various values of data as reusable object with help of MATLAB program that was developed. Graphical representation of objects as one of visualization Techniques made determination of periods to be determine by varying length and time. This model, is very reliable and accurate, compare to the traditional method in which the breakdown of LABWARE can have major effect on the oscillations and accuracy of the results.	Average period of oscillation; Labware; Linear regreation e.t.c.; Model; Modeling; Object; Pendulum ball; Reusable; Visualization	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78650976406	Performance analysis of statistical time division multiplexing systems	Ajiboye J.A., Adediran Y.A.	2010	Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies	9	16	None	Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; Dept. of Electrical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	Ajiboye, J.A., Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; Adediran, Y.A., Dept. of Electrical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	Multiplexing is a way of accommodating many input sources of a low capacity over a high capacity outgoing channel. Statistical Time Division Multiplexing (STDM) is a technique that allows the number of users to be multiplexed over the channel more than the channel can afford. The STDM normally exploits unused time slots by the non-active users and allocates those slots for the active users. Therefore STDM is appropriate for bursty sources. In this way STDM normally utilizes channel bandwidth better than traditional Time Division Multiplexing (TDM). In this work, the statistical multiplexer is viewed as M/M/1queuing system and the performance is measured by comparing analytical results to simulation results using Matlab. The index used to determine the performance of the statistical multiplexer is the number of packets both in the system and the queue. Comparison of analytical results was also done between M/M/1 and M/M/2 and also between M/M/1 and M/D/1 queue systems. At high utilizations, M/M/2 performs better than M/M/1. M/D/1 also outperforms M/M1.	Queuing system; Statistical time division multiplexing (STDM); Time division multiplexing (TDM)	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84886794908	Environmental impacts of drilling mud and cutting wastes from the Igbokoda onshore oil wells, Southwestern Nigeria	Gbadebo A.M., Taiwo A.M., Eghele U.	2010	Indian Journal of Science and Technology	3	5	10.17485/ijst/2010/v3i5/29744	Dept. of Environmental Management and Toxicology, College of Environmental Resources Management, University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria	Gbadebo, A.M., Dept. of Environmental Management and Toxicology, College of Environmental Resources Management, University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Taiwo, A.M., Dept. of Environmental Management and Toxicology, College of Environmental Resources Management, University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Eghele, U., Dept. of Environmental Management and Toxicology, College of Environmental Resources Management, University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria	The environmental impact of exploratory wastes (drilling muds & cuttings) generated during the drilling of Igbokoda X and Igbokoda Y onshore oil wells, was studied by analyzing its total hydrocarbon (TPH), aliphatic hydrocarbon (AH), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) using gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) method and metal contents using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The aim was to determine their toxicity and possible impacts on their immediate environments of disposal. These drilled wastes generated from the drilling of Igbokoda X and Igbokoda onshore wells indicated an exceedingly very high values of AH compared with the values of PAHs in both the oil based and water based muds and cuttings respectively. These values of aliphatic is generally > 5000 mg/kg in all oil based sample types analyzed for the drilled muds and generally > 4000 mg/kg in all the sample types analyzed for the drilled cuttings. However, these values of the AH varied according to sample types with the water based drilled mud collected at the depth of 4121-10171 feet having values of > 6000 mg/kg while the value in the water based drilled cuttings is generally < 5000 mg/kg. Both the oil based drilled mud and cuttings have higher values of PAHs at the drilled samples collected between 0-4121 feet than deeper depth and composite samples. Iron (Fe) has the highest concentration followed by calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) with varying level of toxic metals like lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni), Manganese (Mn) and Chromium (Cr) in both the oil and water based drilled mud and cuttings from Igbokoba X and Igbokoba Y wells. Most of the analyzed parameters (AH, PAHs, TPH) and metals like Pb, Mn, Cr, etc. generally have values higher than that of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, Federal Environmental Protection Agency and Directorate of Petroleum Resources Standards in some cases thereby implying possible negative impacts on the immediate environments. © Indian Society for Education and Environment (iSee).	Aliphatic hydrocarbon; Igbokoba; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; Total hydrocarbon	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79957913272	The effects of macroeconomic performance on the demand for tertiary education in Zimbabwe	Richard M., Emily R.	2011	European Journal of Social Sciences	21	2	None	Economics Department, University of Zimbabwe, Mt Pleasant drive, Harare, Zimbabwe	Richard, M., Economics Department, University of Zimbabwe, Mt Pleasant drive, Harare, Zimbabwe; Emily, R., Economics Department, University of Zimbabwe, Mt Pleasant drive, Harare, Zimbabwe	Macroeconomic fluctuations experienced in most developing countries are believed to be the major determinants of the demand for education. The extent to which these factors influence tertiary education is still on research agenda. This study takes further the research agenda by investigating the effects of macroeconomic factors on the demand for tertiary education. Modelling enrolment as an Autoregressive Distributable Lag (ADL) of order one, the results show that labour market conditions are the major macroeconomic determinants, especially current unemployment and average earnings have positive and elastic effect, but unemployment persistence has a negative although elastic influence. However, the income variable (real per capita GDP) had no statistically discernable effect. There was no evidence of gender disparity as the effects slightly varied between male and female enrolment. The major policy implication is for the government to fight high levels of persistent unemployment.	Economic indicators; Gender disparity; Income shock; Tertiary enrolment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-65249089602	Impact of decentralization and privatization on the quality of education in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Nigerian experience	Uwakwe C.B.U., Falaye A.O., Emunemu B.O., Adelore O.	2008	European Journal of Social Sciences	7	1	None	Dept. of Guidance and Counselling, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Dept. of Educational Management, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Dept. of Adult Educational, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Uwakwe, C.B.U., Dept. of Guidance and Counselling, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Falaye, A.O., Dept. of Guidance and Counselling, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Emunemu, B.O., Dept. of Educational Management, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Adelore, O., Dept. of Adult Educational, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	The paper examined the impact of decentralization and privatization on the quality of education in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with specific reference to Nigeria. The authors traced the antecedents of the evolution of educational policies in SSA, particularly in Nigeria. Decentralization and privatization as practiced by some countries in the sub-region were highlighted showing how they interplay with socio-economic and political scenarios, and the resultant impact on provision of quality of education. The authors remarked that these policies produced positive effects such as improved workers' welfare, community participation and widening access to education. On the other hand, unapproved and unregistered schools, while providing wider access to education for children in SSA do mortgage the quality and standard of education. The authors concluded that a sector-wide approach to resource mobilization and management in the education system, accountability in the areas of leadership, bureaucracies and best work practices would ensure quality control in the education sector of the SSA countries.	Decentralization; Privatization; Quality of education; Sub-Saharan Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84887375829	Learning potential and academic literacy tests as predictors of academic performance for engineering students [Leerpotensiaal en akademiese geletterdheidstoetse as voorspellers van ingenieurstudente se akademiese prestasie]	Schaap P., Luwes M.	2013	Acta Academica	45	3	None	Dept. of Human Resources Management, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa	Schaap, P., Dept. of Human Resources Management, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; Luwes, M., Dept. of Human Resources Management, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa	Students who obtain senior certificates in the South African schooling system cannot be assumed to be adequately prepared to meet the demands of tertiary education. This study aims to determine the criterion-related validity of a mathematical proficiency test from the Academic Aptitude Test Battery (AAT-maths), an English language proficiency test (ELSA) and a learning potential test (LPCAT) as predictors of the academic performance of engineering bursary students at tertiary institutions. The findings indicate that these tests have significant criterion-related validity and can improve the likelihood of selecting the most promising bursary students. However, the findings point towards the possibility that the tests or the criterion measure are differentially valid for different race groups. © UV/UFS.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84948131098	Modelling the impact of radiative heat loss on CO2 emission, O2 depletion and thermal stability in a reactive slab	Lebelo R.S., Makinde O.D.	2015	Iranian Journal of Science and Technology - Transactions of Mechanical Engineering	39	M2	None	Dept. of Mathematics, Vaal University of Technology, Private Bag X021, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa; Faculty of Military Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X2, Saldanha, South Africa	Lebelo, R.S., Dept. of Mathematics, Vaal University of Technology, Private Bag X021, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa; Makinde, O.D., Faculty of Military Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X2, Saldanha, South Africa	In this paper, we examine the effects of thermal radiation on CO2 emission and O2 depletion in an exothermic reactive slab of combustible materials with uniform surface temperature. The governing equations for the nonlinear heat and mass transfer problem are derived and solved numerically using Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method with shooting technique. Numerical expressions for temperature field, CO2 emitted and O2 depleted are derived and utilised to obtain expressions for Nusselt number and Sherwood number at the material surface. The effects of various thermo-physical parameters on the temperature field, CO2 emission and O2 depletion are depicted graphically and discussed quantitatively. Thermo-physical parameters that help to reduce CO2 emission and hence O2 preservation, are identified, including those which help to monitor measures to avoid explosions in spontaneous combustion processes. © Shiraz University.	CO2 emission; numerical simulation technique; O2 depletion; Reactive slab; thermal radiation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896817602	Phytochemicals and antibacterial evaluation of root bark extract of Terminalia glaucescens	Bulama J.S., Dangoggo S.M., Bwala Y.A., Abah J.O.	2014	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	4	2	10.7324/JAPS.2014.40221	Dept. of pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Dept. of Pharmaceutics and pharmaceuticals Microbiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Dept. of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacy, Usmanu Danfodiyo University	Bulama, J.S., Dept. of pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Dangoggo, S.M., Dept. of pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Bwala, Y.A., Dept. of Pharmaceutics and pharmaceuticals Microbiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Abah, J.O., Dept. of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacy, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria	The roots bark of Terminalia glaucescens was investigated for activity against four bacterial which are two grampositive and two gram-negative. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the root bark of Terminalia glaucescens revealed the presence of steroids, terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins and cardiac glycoside. The results of antibacterial test of the methanol crude extract and its fractions exhibited a wide range of activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Klepselle pneumonia at 200 mg/ml but there was no activity against Bacillus cereus. Fractions inhibited the growth of E. coli, S. aureus and K. pneumonia. The fractions had minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 12.5mg/ml and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 25 mg/ml. The findings indicated that the extract and its fractions from root bark of T. glaucescens, contained bioactive components that have antibacterial properties. © 2014 JS Bulama et al.	Escherichia coli; Klepselle pneumonia; Phytochemical screening; Terminalia glaucescens	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34047206041	Prediction of the environmental impact and sustainability of large-scale irrigation with gypsiferous mine-water on groundwater resources	Annandale J.G., Jovanovic N.Z., Van Der Westhuizen A.M., Steyn J.M.	2006	International Water and Irrigation	26	3	None	Dept. Plant Production and Soil Science, University of Pretoria, 0001, Pretoria, South Africa	Annandale, J.G., Dept. Plant Production and Soil Science, University of Pretoria, 0001, Pretoria, South Africa; Jovanovic, N.Z.; Van Der Westhuizen, A.M.; Steyn, J.M.	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84881063716	Can environmental performance rating programmes succeed in Africa? An evaluation of Ghana's AKOBEN project	Darko-Mensah A.B., Okereke C.	2013	Management of Environmental Quality	24	5	10.1108/MEQ-01-2012-0003	EcoBank, Accra, Ghana; Department of Geography and Environmental Science, School of Human and Environmental Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom	Darko-Mensah, A.B., EcoBank, Accra, Ghana; Okereke, C., Department of Geography and Environmental Science, School of Human and Environmental Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom	Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyse Ghana's AKOBEN programme which is the first environmental performance rating and public disclosure programme in Africa. Furthermore, by means of a SWOT analysis, the article assesses the suitability of AKOBEN as a veritable tool for promoting good environmental governance in Ghana specifically and Africa in general. Design/methodology/approach: The description of the design, scope and operation of the AKOBEN programme is based on 42 semi structured interviews and series of informal interactions with officials of Ghana's Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - the organisation that runs the AKOBEN project, industry participants, civil society representatives and other stakeholders. This extensive interaction with relevant actors and stakeholders and the analysis of extant literature on environmental disclosure projects provided the basis for a Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat (SWOT) analysis of Ghana's AKOBEN programme. Findings: AKOBEN possesses several elements that make it capable of being an effective environmental governance tool in Ghana. These include inter alia high level political support, comprehensive rating criteria and transparency in the design of the programme. However, certain weaknesses such as the absence of a specific legal and institutional framework among others could undermine the chances of the programme attaining its full potential. Other African countries can reasonably copy the AKOBEN model with success. Originality/value: Assessment of Africa's first ever environmental rating programme provides insight that can help Ghana to consolidate on the strengths while addressing the weaknesses of the rating programme. Other African governments considering the establishment of a similar rating programme can learn a lot from the analysis of Ghana's EPA's AKOBEN programme. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	AKOBEN Ghana; Environmental management; Environmental performance; Environmental rating; Ghana	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79952798600	The impact of sexual imagery in advertising: Comparing hispanics' and non-hispanics' attitudes and responses toward print ads	Kelsmark K.A., Dion P., Abratt R., Mischel L.	2011	Journal of Promotion Management	17	1	10.1080/10496491003666758	DeVry University, Stratum Executive Center, 11044 Research Blvd., Suite B-100, Austin, TX 78759, United States; Susquehanna University, Selinsgrove, PA, United States; Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, United States; University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Kelsmark, K.A., DeVry University, Stratum Executive Center, 11044 Research Blvd., Suite B-100, Austin, TX 78759, United States; Dion, P., Susquehanna University, Selinsgrove, PA, United States; Abratt, R., Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, United States, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Mischel, L., DeVry University, Stratum Executive Center, 11044 Research Blvd., Suite B-100, Austin, TX 78759, United States	The purpose of this study was to examine differences in attitudinal responses to sexual imagery in advertising by young adult Hispanics and non-Hispanics and establish whether any gender differences exist. A quantitative methodology was used. Results show that the lack of influence of the ethnicity variable suggests that respondents appear to overwhelm Hispanic cultural predispositions. Although males were more accepting of the sexual imagery, this did not translate as influence by the advertisements. Although undefined by this research, the reptilian ad appears to exceed some tolerance levels. As a result advertisers and marketing managers should be wary of utilizing strong sexual appeals. © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.	Acculturation; Cross-cultural advertising; Ethnicity; Hispanics	None	None
WoS	WOS:000263853100004	Evaluation of farmers' field days as a dissemination tool for push-pull technology in Western Kenya	Amudavi, David M.,Hassanali, Ahmed,Khan, Zeyaur R.,Midega, Charles A.,Pickett, John A.,Pittchar, Jimmy,Wanyama, Japhether M.	2009	CROP PROTECTION	28	3	10.1016/j.cropro.2008.10.008	Egerton University, Rothamsted Research, ICIPE	"Pickett, John A.: Rothamsted Research",	Our earlier study on farmers' adoption of 'Push-pull' technology (PPT) for management of cereal stem-borers and Striga weed showed that field days (FDs) could be effective in technology dissemination. Hence, in an effort to utilize effective and economical dissemination strategies, we undertook a detailed study in 2007 to assess their effectiveness in PPT dissemination by interviewing 1492 participants randomly selected during participation in FDs. A majority (80%) of the respondents learnt about the biology and damage caused by stemborers and Striga, how PPT works, how to implement PPT and utilize its products, among others. Consequently, over 70% of them favoured its adoption. Participation in FDs was significantly influenced by farmer's district of residence, formal education level, disposition to seek agricultural knowledge, and intensity of Striga infestation and low soil fertility. Knowledge and skills about PPT learnt by respondents, FD facilitators' knowledge and skills, logistical organization and overall FDs effectiveness significantly correlated with the odds of enhancing farmers' ability to plant and manage maize using PPT. With improved organization, FDs can overcome information and learning-related constraints to stem-borer and Striga weed control, thereby increasing cereal production. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	"field days",KENYA,"'Push-pull' technology",stemborers,STRIGA,ADOPTION,INFORMATION,"INTEGRATED PEST-MANAGEMENT",MAIZE,"PENNISETUM-PURPUREUM VARIETIES","SMALLHOLDER FARMING SYSTEMS",STEMBORERS,STRATEGIES,"STRIGA CONTROL","TRAP PLANTS"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84925538558	Increased frequency of flash floods in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia: Change in rainfall intensity or human impact?	Billi P., Alemu Y.T., Ciampalini R.	2015	Natural Hazards	76	2	10.1007/s11069-014-1554-0	Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, Via G. Saragat 1, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Geography, University of Dire Dawa, P.O. Box 1362, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia; School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Cardiff, Park Place, Cardiff, United Kingdom	Billi, P., Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, Via G. Saragat 1, Ferrara, Italy; Alemu, Y.T., Department of Geography, University of Dire Dawa, P.O. Box 1362, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia; Ciampalini, R., School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Cardiff, Park Place, Cardiff, United Kingdom	In the first decade of the twenty-first century, Ethiopia has been subjected to an increased frequency of flash floods, especially in the town of Dire Dawa. The results of international organizations studies point to no evidence of a climate-driven change in the magnitude/frequency of floods, though increases in runoff and risk of floods in East Africa are expected. Flash floods are posing constraints to the economic growth and the development process of a low-income country such as Ethiopia, and, in order to mitigate such hazard, it is crucial to understand the relative roles of two main factors: rainfall intensity and land use change. This study analyses the recent trends of rainfall intensity across Ethiopia and investigates the relative role of rainfall intensity and land use change in augmenting the frequency of flash flooding of the town of Dire Dawa by the Dechatu River. Results indicate that the increase in rainfall intensity is a more important factor than land use change in controlling the increased frequency of flash flood in Dire Dawa. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.	Climate change; Ethiopia; Flash flood; Land use change; Rainfall intensity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79952156767	The Impact of Multinational Corporations on The Nigerian Economy	Ozoigbo B.I., Chukuezi C.O.	2011	European Journal of Social Sciences	19	3	None	Directorate of General Studies, Federal University of Technology, P. M.B 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Directorate of General Studies, Federal University of Technology, P. M.B 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria	Ozoigbo, B.I., Directorate of General Studies, Federal University of Technology, P. M.B 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Chukuezi, C.O., Directorate of General Studies, Federal University of Technology, P. M.B 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria	The paper examines the activities of multinational corporations (MNCs) in Nigeria. It looks at the stand of some Nigerian political economists who view MNCs as one of the determinants of backwardness in Nigerian economy. These economists believe that MNCs are exploitative. According to them, the natural resources of Nigeria should in the first instance be for the benefit and development of Nigeria but this objective is not realized as a result of the exploitative tendencies and practices of the MNCs. The paper also x-rays the nature, objective and operations of the MNCs. It argues that although MNCs have some negative tendencies, however they contribute positively in the areas of technological development and employment opportunities.	Corporations; Economy; Impact; Multinational; Nigeria	None	None
None	None	Welfare impacts of smallholder farmers’ participation in maize and pigeonpea markets in Tanzania	Mmbando F.E., Wale E.Z., Baiyegunhi L.J.S.	2015	Food Security	7	6	10.1007/s12571-015-0519-9	Discipline of Agricultural Economics, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Selian Agricultural Research Institute (SARI), P.O. Box 6024, Arusha, Tanzania	Mmbando, F.E., Discipline of Agricultural Economics, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa, Selian Agricultural Research Institute (SARI), P.O. Box 6024, Arusha, Tanzania; Wale, E.Z., Discipline of Agricultural Economics, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Baiyegunhi, L.J.S., Discipline of Agricultural Economics, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa	This paper evaluates the impact of maize and pigeonpea market participation and the level of participation on household welfare measured by consumption expenditure in rural Tanzania. The study used cross-sectional farm household level data collected in 2010 from 700 randomly selected households in northern and eastern zones of Tanzania. Propensity score matching and endogenous switching regression techniques were employed to address the welfare impacts of market participation for binary treatment, while linear regression was employed to address the welfare impacts of the level of market participation. Maize and pigeonpea market participation and the level of participation had positive and significant impacts on the welfare of rural households. On average, maize and pigeonpea market participation increased consumption expenditure per capita in the range of 19.2–20.4 % and 28.3–29.4 %, respectively. Similarly, a one unit increase in the predicted level of market participation increased per capita consumption expenditure by 0.5 and 0.3 %, for both maize and pigeonpea, respectively. This confirms the potential role of market participation and the level of participation in improving rural household welfare, as higher consumption expenditures from market participation also mean improved food security and reduced poverty. Policies aimed at reducing the transaction costs of accessing markets such as improved market information, rural infrastructure and household capacity to produce surplus production are critical to the improvement of household welfare. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht and International Society for Plant Pathology.	Endogenous switching; Market participation; Propensity score matching; Rural household welfare; Tanzania	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893971611	The impact of smallholder irrigation on household welfare: The case of Tugela Ferry irrigation scheme in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa	Sinyolo S., Mudhara M., Wale E.	2014	Water SA	40	1	10.4314/wsa.v40i1.18	Discipline of Agricultural Economics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa	Sinyolo, S., Discipline of Agricultural Economics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa; Mudhara, M., Discipline of Agricultural Economics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa; Wale, E., Discipline of Agricultural Economics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa	The potential of smallholder irrigated agriculture to enhance food security and alleviate rural poverty has led the South African Government to prioritise and invest significantly in irrigation establishment, rehabilitation and revitalisation. The question addressed in this study pertains to the extent to which smallholder irrigation has been able to reduce poverty in the rural communities to justify this investment. Using a sample of 251 farmers, this study found that factors such as land size, perceived soil fertility, household size, and access to support services were significant predictors of irrigation participation. The results from the treatment effect model indicated that access to irrigation plays a positive role in the welfare of rural households, with irrigators spending about ZAR2 000 per adult equivalent on consumption more than the non-irrigators. The study, therefore, concluded that government investments in smallholder irrigation for poverty reduction are justified. The other factors that influenced household consumption were off-farm income, land size, livestock size, education level, family size and access to support services and infrastructure. The study recommends that investments in smallholder irrigation continue for poverty reduction, and that priority should also be on finding other feasible rural micro-projects and development initiatives to complement smallholder irrigation and significantly reduce rural poverty.	Food security; Foster Greer Thorbecke (FGT) poverty measures; Poverty; Smallholder irrigation; Treatment effect model	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84877992988	The effects of maternal dietary lysine intake on offspring performance to 21 days of age	Ciacciariello M., Tyler N.C.	2013	Journal of Applied Poultry Research	22	2	10.3382/japr.2012-00625	Discipline of Animal and Poultry Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa	Ciacciariello, M., Discipline of Animal and Poultry Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa; Tyler, N.C., Discipline of Animal and Poultry Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa	The CP and amino acid requirements for broiler breeder hens have historically been determined by assessing the response of these birds in terms of egg production. However, based on increasing evidence on the effects of maternal nutrient intake on offspring performance, this should be revised. In addition, the nutrition management of broiler breeder hens during lay is very controversial, and managers and nutritionists resort to the manipulation of feed allocation to improve egg production in these flocks. In this study, broiler breeder hens were fed diets differing in digestible lysine concentration from 26 to 60 wk of age. Fertile eggs were collected at 38, 48, and 60 wk and incubated. Broilers hatched were reared in commercial conditions and their performance was measured to 21 d of age. Based on this study, the feeding of the hens has a significant effect on offspring performance, and this should be considered when maternal requirements are investigated. Furthermore, we demonstrated the effects of maternal nutrient intake manipulation on the performance of broilers hatched from hens at different stages of the productive cycle. © 2013 Poultry Science Association, Inc.	Broiler; Crude protein; Digestible lysine; Maternal nutrition; Offspring performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84948131601	Medicines availability at a swaziland hospital and impact on patients	Shabangu K., Suleman F.	2015	African Journal of Primary Health Care and Family Medicine	7	1	10.4102/phcfm.v7i1.829	Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, South Africa	Shabangu, K., Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Suleman, F., Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, South Africa	Background: The burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in low- and middle-income countries is increasing. Where patients are expected to make increased out-of-pocket payments this can lead to treatment interruptions or non-adherence. Swaziland is no exception in this regard. Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the availability of medicines for NCDs in a hospital and the impact of out-of-pocket spending by patients for medicines not available at the hospital. Setting: The study was conducted at Raleigh Fitkin Memorial Hospital in Manzini, Swaziland. Methods: Exit interviews to assess availability of a selected basket of medicines were conducted with 300 patients diagnosed with diabetes, hypertension or asthma. The stock status record of a basket of medicines for these conditions in 2012 was assessed at the Central Medical Stores. Results were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. Results: Most of the patients (n = 213; 71%) confirmed not receiving all of their prescribed medicines at each visit to the hospital in the past six months. On average patients spent 10- 50 times more on their medicines at private pharmacies compared to user fees in the health facility. Stock-outs at the Central Medical Stores ranging from 30 days to over 180 days were recorded during the course of the assessment period (12 months), and were found to contribute to inconsistent availability of medicines in the health facility. Conclusion: Out-of-pocket expenditure is common for patients with chronic conditions using this health facility, which suggests the possibility of patients defaulting on treatment due to lack of affordability. © 2015. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34548013082	Extra-task stimulation on mathematics performance in children with and without ADHD	Greenop K., Kann L.	2007	South African Journal of Psychology	37	2	None	Discipline of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, 2050, South Africa; Discipline of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Greenop, K., Discipline of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, 2050, South Africa; Kann, L., Discipline of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	The optimal stimulation theory developed by Zentall (1975) holds that children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) will demonstrate high levels of activity when faced with a task or situation of low arousal or stimulation. Both Zentall's early work and more recent research have supported the theory. The present study aimed to add to this literature by comparing children with and without ADHD on an academic task under two counterbalanced stimulation conditions. The first required children to do mathematics problems in silence, and the second required doing the problems with their favourite music playing. Twenty-two children with ADHD and 20 children without ADHD, with a mean age of 9.75 years, were hypothesised to perform significantly differently under the two conditions. Mathematics performance was scored as Correct, Number attempted, and Accurate (number correct divided by number attempted). A repeated measures ANOVA demonstrated that generally no main effects for group (ADHD and non-ADHD) nor condition (music and silence) were observed. The only significant finding was that Accuracy (the complex mathematical calculation) improved for both the ADHD and non-ADHD groups, an effect not influenced by order of task presentation. This finding supports the optimal stimulation theory for all children under both order conditions, and is not specific to ADHD. © Psychological Society of South Africa. All rights reserved.	Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD); Children; Mathematics performance; Music; Optimal stimulation theory	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-36348947933	The relationship between lecture attendance and academic performance in an undergraduate psychology class	Thatcher A., Fridjhon P., Cockcroft K.	2007	South African Journal of Psychology	37	3	None	Discipline of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Witwatersrand WITS, 2050, South Africa; School of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Discipline of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Thatcher, A., Discipline of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Witwatersrand WITS, 2050, South Africa; Fridjhon, P., School of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Cockcroft, K., Discipline of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	This article reports on a preliminary investigation into the impact of non-attendance at lectures on the performance of students in a second-year psychology class. Results suggest that the frequency of lecture attendance is significantly, but moderately, related to better academic performance and that 'always' attending lectures is the best indicator of academic performance. These results are discussed in relation to understanding lecture non-attendance and improving academic performance. © Psychological Society of South Africa. All rights reserved.	Academic performance; Lecture attendance; Teaching psychology; Undergraduate psychology classes	None	None
None	None	Evaluation of four different strategies to characterize plasma membrane proteins from banana roots [Avaliação de quatro estratégias diferentes para caracterizar proteínas da membrana plasmática de raízes de banana]	Garcia S.A.L., Panis B., Swennen R., Carpentier S.C.	2014	Ciencia e Agrotecnologia	38	5	10.1590/S1413-70542014000500002	Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Bioversity International, Leuven, Belgium; IITA, Arusha, Tanzania; Facility for Systems Biology based Mass Spectrometry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium	Garcia, S.A.L., Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Panis, B., Bioversity International, Leuven, Belgium; Swennen, R., Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, Bioversity International, Leuven, Belgium, IITA, Arusha, Tanzania; Carpentier, S.C., Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, Facility for Systems Biology based Mass Spectrometry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium	Plasma membrane proteins constitute a very important class of proteins. They are involved in the transmission of external signals to the interior of the cell and selective transport of water, nutrients and ions across the plasma membrane. However, the study of plasma membrane proteins is challenging because of their poor solubility in aqueous media and low relative abundance. In this work, we evaluated four different strategies for the characterization of plasma membrane proteins from banana roots: (i) the aqueous-polymer two-phase system technique (ATPS) coupled to gelelectrophoresis (gel-based), and (ii) ATPS coupled to LC-MS/MS (gel free), (iii) a microsomal fraction and (iv) a full proteome, both coupled to LC-MS/ MS. Our results show that the gel-based strategy is useful for protein visualization but has major limitations in terms of time reproducibility and efficiency. From the gel-free strategies, the microsomal-based strategy allowed the highest number of plasma membrane proteins to be identified, followed by the full proteome strategy and by the ATPS based strategy. The high yield of plasma membrane proteins provided by the microsomal fraction can be explained by the enrichment of membrane proteins in this fraction and the high throughput of the gel-free approach combined with the usage of a fast high-resolution mass spectrometer for the identification of proteins. © 2014, Federal University of Lavras. All rights reserved.	Aqueous-polymer two-phase system technique; Microsomal and full proteome fractions; Protein identification	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84895056660	The impact of chronic untreated hyperglycaemia on the long-term stability of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and antioxidant status in human sera	Macharia M., Kengne A.P., Blackhurst D.M., Erasmus R.T., Matsha T.E.	2014	Journal of Clinical Pathology	67	1	10.1136/jclinpath-2013-201646	Division of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa; NCRP for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, South African Medical Research Council, Niversity of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Lipid Laboratory, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, PO Box 1906, Bellville, Cape Town 7530, South Africa	Macharia, M., Division of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa; Kengne, A.P., NCRP for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, South African Medical Research Council, Niversity of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Blackhurst, D.M., Lipid Laboratory, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Erasmus, R.T., Division of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa; Matsha, T.E., Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, PO Box 1906, Bellville, Cape Town 7530, South Africa	Aims: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is increasingly measured on samples that have been stored for extended durations. The impact of storage and baseline conditions on the stability of the enzyme is however not well documented. We investigated the in fluence of hyperglycaemia on the stability of PON1 activity and antioxidant status in human sera stored for 12 months. Methods: Blood was collected from 60 individuals aged 35-80 years with chronic hyperglycaemia (HbA1c≥6.5%) or normoglycaemia (HbA1c<6.5%) in Cape Town. At baseline and after 12 months at -80°C, levels of PON1 activity ( paraoxoase and arylesterase), antioxidant activity (ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC)) and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde and oxidised low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)) were measured and compared. Results: In normoglycaemic samples, 12-month storage led to minor alterations of <10% for the six target variables. In hyperglycaemic samples, alterations ranged from 13% for AREase activity to about 23% for ox-LDLs indicating a twofold to fourfold difference between the two groups in the variables assessed. Changes in levels of FRAP, TEAC and ox-LDL were both statistically and clinically significant. Furthermore, there was evidence of significant statistical interaction by baseline glycaemic status on the alteration of FRAP, TEAC, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and ox-LDL, but not for PON1 activity. Conclusions: The results indicate that baseline glycaemic status may contribute to a decline in the stability of antioxidant activity and extent of lipid peroxidation but not PON activity.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84930173431	Evaluation and performance of statstrip glucose meter	Rensburg M.A., Hudson C., Erasmus R.T.	2014	Point of Care	13	4	10.1097/POC.0000000000000037	Division of Chemical Pathology, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19113, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa	Rensburg, M.A., Division of Chemical Pathology, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19113, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa; Hudson, C., Division of Chemical Pathology, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19113, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa; Erasmus, R.T., Division of Chemical Pathology, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19113, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa	Point-of-care testing glucose meter use is on the increase and is widely used in monitoring hospitalized patients as well as by patients for self-monitoring. A major concern is the accuracy of glucose meters in different clinical settings. StatStrip (Nova Biomedical, Waltham, Mass) is a new generation glucose and quantitative ketone meter designed to correct for common biochemical interferences and to measure and correct hematocrit. Our aim was to assess the analytical performance of the StatStrip (Xpress and Connectivity) to Accu-Chek Active meters (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany) and assess the glucose meters in a clinical setting.Hematocrit interference and chemical interferences (ascorbic acid, maltose, xylose, and acetaminophen) were evaluated at different glucose levels and different interferent concentrations.Whole blood samples collected from patients attending the medical outpatients department were measured and compared with the reference method (Siemens Advia glucose oxidase) and assessed by comparison with the ISO 15197 glucose performance criteria. Diabetic patients were included for this evaluation. Finger-prick (capillary) glucose (obtained from diabetic patients) measured on the glucose meters was compared with plasma glucose measured in the laboratory (Siemens Advia glucose oxidase). Minimal hematocrit and chemical interference were observed on the StatStrip meters, whereas the Accu-Chek Active meters were significantly affected by both abnormal hematocrit and chemical interference. StatStrip correlated best to the reference method and demonstrated the lowest bias. The StatStrip glucose meters demonstrated acceptable correlation when compared with the reference method, were not susceptible to common interferences observed on currently used glucose meters, and performed well in the clinical setting. Copyright © 2014 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.	Glucose meters; Hematocrit; Method validation; Point-of-care testing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903302088	Synthesis and evaluation of artesunate-indoloquinoline hybrids as antimalarial drug candidates	Wang N., Wicht K.J., Shaban E., Ngoc T.A., Wang M.-Q., Hayashi I., Hossain Md.I., Takemasa Y., Kaiser M., El Tantawy El Sayed I., Egan T.J., Inokuchi T.	2014	MedChemComm	5	7	10.1039/c4md00091a	Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; University Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland; Chemistry Departments, Faculty of Science, El Menoufeia University, Shebin El Koom, Egypt	Wang, N., Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Wicht, K.J., Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Shaban, E., Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Ngoc, T.A., Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Wang, M.-Q., Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Hayashi, I., Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Hossain, Md.I., Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Takemasa, Y., Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Kaiser, M., Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland, University Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland; El Tantawy El Sayed, I., Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan, Chemistry Departments, Faculty of Science, El Menoufeia University, Shebin El Koom, Egypt; Egan, T.J., Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Inokuchi, T., Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan	Hybrids of artesunate-indolo[2,3-b]quinoline, -indolo[3,2-c]quinoline, and -indolo[3,2-b]quinoline were synthesized and screened for their antiplasmodial activity against two different malaria strains (CQS and CQR) and their cytotoxic activities against normal cells were evaluated. All the synthesized hybrids showed a decreased cytotoxicity and increased antimalarial activity relative to the individual, non-hybridized compounds. Furthermore, these hybrids were stronger β-haematin inhibitors than the corresponding molecules from which they were derived. The most effective antimalarial hybrid showed an IC 50 value of 0.45 nM against the CQS strain. At the same time this hybrid also showed effective activity against the CQR strain, with an IC 50 value of 0.42 nM and an RI value of 0.93. With the dosing of the artesunate-indolo[2,3-b]quinoline set at 10 mg kg-1 once a day for four consecutive days, parasitemia was significantly reduced on day 4, with an antiparasitic activity of 89.6%, and a mean mouse survival time of 7.7 days. © 2014 the Partner Organisations.	None	None	AS232Z00719G, JST, Japan Science and Technology Agency; Japan Science and Technology Agency
Scopus	2-s2.0-82955175530	Vuvuzela media coverage during the 2010 FIFA soccer world cup tournament: Impact on raising awareness of noise-induced hearing loss	Ramma L.	2011	Noise and Health	13	55	10.4103/1463-1741.90302	Division of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Faculty of Health Sciences, Groote Schuur Hospital, F-45, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa	Ramma, L., Division of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Cape Town, South Africa, Division of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Faculty of Health Sciences, Groote Schuur Hospital, F-45, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa	Hearing loss, most specifically noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) due to exposure to vuvuzela noise, received extended media coverage before and during the 2010 Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) soccer world cup tournament. This study aimed to evaluate the impact that this media coverage had on raising awareness about NIHL due to exposure to vuvuzela noise at soccer matches among South African soccer spectators. A descriptive survey study, using a 24-item, self-administered questionnaire was used for this study. One hundred and forty seven (147) soccer spectators were surveyed before (N 1 =73) and after (N 2 =74) the tournament. Systematic sampling strategy was used to select the participants. Participants completed the questionnaire before the start of matches. Sixteen percent of the participants surveyed reported having had some media exposure about NIHL due to exposure to vuvuzela noise during soccer matches before the tournament in comparison to 26% of the participants after the tournament. This increase in the level of awareness was not statistically significant. Further, most participants were still not aware of the risk of NIHL to them from exposure to excessive noise during matches and did not consider hearing loss from noise exposure during soccer matches a serious concern both before and after the tournament. The results of this study therefore seem to suggest that vuvuzela media coverage during the 2010 FIFA soccer world cup tournament did not significantly raise the level of awareness about NIHL due to exposure to excessive noise during matches among the spectators surveyed.	Awareness; Hearing loss; Noise-induced hearing loss; Soccer; Spectators; Vuvuzela	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84948181618	How far does family physician supply correlate with district health system performance?	Dyers R.E., Mash R., Naledi T.	2015	African Journal of Primary Health Care and Family Medicine	7	1	10.4102/phcfm.v7i1.796	Division of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Western Cape Government: Health, South Africa; Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Dyers, R.E., Division of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa, Western Cape Government: Health, South Africa; Mash, R., Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Naledi, T., Western Cape Government: Health, South Africa	Background: Since 2011, a new cadre of family physicians, with 4 years of postgraduate training, was deployed in the district health services of the Western Cape, and tasked with a considerable range of duties aimed at a general improvement in care and health outcomes. There is a need to evaluate the contribution of these family physicians to the district health system. Aim: To develop a methodology for describing the correlation between family physician supply and district health system performance, clinical processes and outcomes, and to measure this correlation at baseline. Method: A cross-sectional study was undertaken that analysed data at an ecological level for the period of 01 April 2011 to 31 March 2012. This was a pilot project analysing data from the first year of a 4-year project. The correlations between family physician supply and 18 health system indicators were assessed within a logic model. The supplies of other categories of staff were also measured. Results: Although most of the correlations with family physicians were positive, the study was unable to demonstrate any strong or statistically significant correlations at baseline. There were significant correlations with other categories of staff. Conclusions: This study developed a methodology for monitoring the relationship between family physician supply using routinely collected indicators of health system performance, clinical processes and outcomes over time. Additional research will also be needed to investigate the impact of family physicians and triangulate findings as this methodology has many limitations and potential confounding factors. © 2015.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84895862853	Rearing performance of eri-silkworm (Samia cynthia ricini Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) fed with different castor (Ricinus communis L.) genotypes	Shifa K., Getu E., Sori W.	2014	Journal of Entomology	11	1	10.39231je.2014.34.4	Melkassa Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 436, Nazareth, Ethiopia; AddIs Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Adhs Ababa, Ethiopia; Jimma University, P.O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia	Shifa, K., Melkassa Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 436, Nazareth, Ethiopia; Getu, E., AddIs Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Adhs Ababa, Ethiopia; Sori, W., Jimma University, P.O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia	Growth, development, reproduction and yield of silkworms depend on the availability and supply of preferred host plants having good agronomic and nutritional characteristics. Eri-silkworm, Samia cynthia recini B. is a multivoltine and polyphgous insect feeding on diversified host plants among which castor is a primary host plant. There is differential preference for the different varieties of castor by S.c. ricini. In the present study, eight different castor genotypes; namely Abaro, Acc 106584, Acc 203241, Acc 208624, Ar sel, Bako, GK sel and local were evaluated for their merits as feed and nutritional sources for white plain S.c. ricini at Melkassa Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia. The treatments were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in three replications. Fifty worms were used in each replication. Significant difference was observed in rearing performance of eri-silkworms when fed to leaves of different castor genotypes. Among castor genotypes fed to eri-silkworm, Abaro fed worms showed medium to maximum records of matured larval weight (8.17 g), effective rate of rearing (74.68%), survival rate (76.08%), cocoon weight (3.34 g), pupal weight (2.86 g), shell weight (0.48 g), silk ratio (14.49%), fecundity (382.00), hatchability (88.17%) and shorter larval duration (584.17 h). In conclusion, genotype Abaro was superior to the other genotypes in improving the rearing performance of eri-silkworms and can be recommended for further research and development work in integrating silkworm activities for silk and oil seed productions. © 2014 Academic Journals Inc.	Castor genotypes; Eri-silkworm; Rearing performance; Samia cynthia ricini	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84905996715	Large-scale instructional reform in the Global South: Insights from the mid-point evaluation of the gauteng primary language and mathematics strategy	Fleisch B., Schöer V.	2014	South African Journal of Education	34	3	None	Division of Education Leadership and Policy Studies, Wits School of Education, University of the Witwatersrand Brahm, South Africa; AMERU, School of Economic and Business Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Fleisch, B., Division of Education Leadership and Policy Studies, Wits School of Education, University of the Witwatersrand Brahm, South Africa; Schöer, V., AMERU, School of Economic and Business Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	This paper reports on a mid-point evaluation of the Gauteng Primary Language and Mathematics Strategy (GPLMS), an innovative large-scale reform designed to improve learning outcomes. Using data from universal testing of all learners in 2008 on a provincial systemic evaluation, and data from the 2011 and 2012 Annual National Assessment (ANA) test, this paper addresses the key research question, namely whether the GPLMS is effective in closing the gap between performing and underperforming schools. Given the evidence we have presented of an instrument effect, namely that various versions of the ANA may not be strictly comparable, no definitive conclusions can be drawn about the effectiveness of the GPLMS.	Large-scale education reform; Literacy; Regression discontinuity design	None	None
WoS	WOS:000334717100001	Kenya's emergency-hire nursing programme: a pilot evaluation of health service delivery in two districts	Friedman, Michael,Kimani, Francis,Kiriinya, Rose,Osumba, Martin,Rakuom, Chris,Riley, Patricia L.,Rogers, Martha,Sabatier, Jennifer F.,Vindigni, Stephen M.,Warutere, Patrick,Waudo, Agnes N.,Willy, Rankesh	2014	HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH	12	None	10.1186/1478-4491-12-16	Emory University, University of Washington, University of Washington Seattle, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Hlth Workforce Project, Kenya Minist Med Serv, Minist Med Serv	"Rogers, Martha: Emory University",	Objective: To assess the feasibility of utilizing a small-scale, low-cost, pilot evaluation in assessing the short-term impact of Kenya's emergency-hire nursing programme (EHP) on the delivery of health services (outpatient visits and maternal-child health indicators) in two underserved health districts with high HIV/AIDS prevalence. Methods: Six primary outcomes were assessed through the collection of data from facility-level health management forms-total general outpatient visits, vaginal deliveries, caesarean sections, antenatal care (ANC) attendance, ANC clients tested for HIV, and deliveries to HIV-positive women. Data on outcome measures were assessed both pre-and post-emergency-hire nurse placement. Informal discussions were also conducted to obtain supporting qualitative data. Findings: The majority of EHP nurses were placed in Suba (15.5%) and Siaya (13%) districts. At the time of the intervention, we describe an increase in total general outpatient visits, vaginal deliveries and caesarean sections within both districts. Similar significant increases were seen with ANC attendance and deliveries to HIV-positive women. Despite increases in the quantity of health services immediately following nurse placement, these levels were often not sustained. We identify several factors that challenge the long-term sustainability of these staffing enhancements. Conclusions: There are multiple factors beyond increasing the supply of nurses that affect the delivery of health services. We believe this pilot evaluation sets the foundation for future, larger and more comprehensive studies further elaborating on the interface between interventions to alleviate nursing shortages and promote enhanced health service delivery. We also stress the importance of strong national and local relationships in conducting future studies.	"Emergency-hire programme","health management information systems","human resource information systems","human resources for health",KENYA,NURSING,"PRIMARY CARE",AFRICA,CRISIS,HUMAN-RESOURCES,NURSES,RURAL-AREAS,SHORTAGE,SYSTEMS	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84861899118	Evaluation of malaria prevention strategies during pregnancy in Ndola, Zambia	Mulamba M., Mash B.	2010	African Journal of Primary Health Care and Family Medicine	2	1	10.4102/phcfm.v2i1.159	Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Mulamba, M., Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Mash, B., Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Background: Malaria in pregnancy is associated with many negative outcomes for the woman, foetus and neonate. Intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy (IPTp) using three doses of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP), insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spray (IRS), constitute the main strategies used to prevent malaria. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of these strategies for the reduction of malaria prevalence in pregnant women. Methods: A questionnaire on socio-demographic information, history of malaria during current pregnancy and prevention strategies used was administered to 450 consecutive patients admitted into labour wards at three local clinics. From the antenatal cards, information was collected on the last menstrual period, date of each dose of SP taken, gravidity, and HIV status. A blood slide to detect Plasmodium was then collected from each woman after consent. Results: Of the participants in the study, 2.4% had a positive blood slide at term and 15.8% reported malaria during pregnancy. All the participants took at least one dose of SP with 87.6% completing the stipulated three doses. The mean gestational ages for each dose were 22.1 (SD 4.6), 29.1 (SD 4.4) and 34.4 (SD 3.9) weeks for the first, second and third dose respectively. With regard to ITNs, 79.5% had one, but only 74.1% used it regularly. IRS was completed in all three of the clinics' catchment areas. Only 23.4% used commercial insecticide. Conclusion: The measured prevalence of malaria at term in Ndola was remarkably low, although the self-reported rate during pregnancy was still high. The national targets for accessing IPTp were exceeded, although the timing of each dose needs to be improved. Access to ITNs was high, but usage needs to increase. © 2010. The Authors.	Malaria; Pregnancy; Prevention; Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine; Zambia	None	None
WoS	WOS:000285998100002	Evaluation of Trauma and Critical Care Training Courses on the Knowledge and Confidence of Participants in Kenya and Zambia	Aphivantrakul, Paul,Labib, Mohammed,Lupasha, Emanual,MacLeod, Jana B. A.,Nthele, Mzaza,Okech, Moses	2011	WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY	35	1	10.1007/s00268-010-0810-z	Emory University, University of Zambia, Nakuru Prov Hosp, Univ Teaching Hosp	"Aphivantrakul, Paul: Emory University","Labib, Mohammed: University of Zambia","Lupasha, Emanual: University of Zambia","MacLeod, Jana B. A.: Emory University","Nthele, Mzaza: University of Zambia",	Background Trained health-care personnel are essential for improved outcomes for injured and critically ill patients. The highest injury-related mortality is seen in sub-Saharan Africa, where there is a paucity of skilled personnel. Therefore, the College of Surgeons of East, Central, and Southern Africa (COSECSA) along with Emory University provided an acute trauma care (ATC) and fundamental critical care support course (FCCS). This study evaluates the impact of American-derived courses on the knowledge and confidence of participants from resource-limited countries. Methods Courses were held in Lusaka, Zambia, and Nakuru, Kenya. Participants were COSECSA trainees and personnel from local institutions. The evaluation used a pre-/postcourse multiple-choice exam for knowledge acquisition and a pre-/postcourse questionnaire for confidence assessment. Confidence was measured using a 5-point Likert score, with 5 being the highest level of confidence. Confidence or self-reported efficacy is correlated with increased performance of new skills. Results There were 75 participants (median age = 31 years, 67% male). Three-quarters of the participants reported no prior specific training in either trauma or critical care. Knowledge increased from an average of 51 to 63.3% (p = 0.002) overall, with a 21.7% gain for those who scored in the lowest quartile. Confidence increased from pre- to postcourse on all measures tested: 22 clinical situations (10 trauma, 9 critical care, 3 either) and 15 procedures (p &lt; 0.001 for all measures both individually and aggregated, Wilcoxon rank sum test). The strongest absolute increase in confidence, as well as the largest number of participants who reported any increase, were all in the procedures of cricothyroidotomy [median: pre = 3 (IQR: 2-3) to post = 5 (IQR: 4-5)], DPL [median: pre = 3 (IQR: 2-4) to post = 5 (IQR: 4-5)], and needle decompression [median: pre = 3 (IQR: 3-4) to post = 5 (IQR: 5-5)]. Conclusions Participants from resource-limited countries benefit from ATC/FCCS courses as demonstrated by increased knowledge and confidence across all topics presented. However, the strongest increase in confidence was in performing life-saving procedures. Therefore, future courses should emphasize essential procedures, reduce didactics, and link knowledge acquisition to skill-based teaching.	,"BEHAVIORAL CHANGE",COUNTRIES,INTENSIVE-CARE,MEDICINE	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34248398795	Possible climate change impacts on large hydroelectricity schemes in Southern Africa	Mukheibir P.	2007	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	18	1	None	Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town, South Africa	Mukheibir, P., Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town, South Africa	There is growing concern that developing countries, such as South Africa, should reduce their coal dependence for energy generation and look to other cleaner technologies. Hydroelectricity is one such option. A number of potential large hydro sites have been identified in Southern Africa, which form part of the Southern African Power Pool. However, limited information exists on the impact of climate change on these sites and its effect on the viability of the hydroelectric schemes. Using downscaled global circulation model information, projected climate impacts and the potential impact these may have on future hydro schemes are discussed.	Climate change impacts; Greenhouse gas emissions; Hydroelectricity schemes; Southern Africa	None	None
WoS	WOS:000311885300039	Impact of Free Delivery Care on Health Facility Delivery and Insurance Coverage in Ghana's Brong Ahafo Region	Campbell, Oona M. R.,Dzakpasu, Susie,Fenty, Justin,Hill, Zelee,Hurt, Lisa,Kirkwood, Betty R.,Manu, Alexander,Owusu-Agyei, Seth,Soremekun, Seyi,Tawiah, Charlotte,ten Asbroek, Guus	2012	PLOS ONE	7	11	10.1371/journal.pone.0049430	Ghana Health Service, University College London, University of London, University of Nottingham, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine	"Campbell, Oona M. R.: University of London","Dzakpasu, Susie: University of London","Fenty, Justin: University of Nottingham","Hill, Zelee: University College London","Hill, Zelee: University of London","Hurt, Lisa: University of London","Kirkwood, Betty R.: University of London","Soremekun, Seyi: University of London","Tawiah, Charlotte: Ghana Health Service","ten Asbroek, Guus: University of London",	Background: Many sub-Saharan countries, including Ghana, have introduced policies to provide free medical care to pregnant women. The impact of these policies, particularly on access to health services among the poor, has not been evaluated using rigorous methods, and so the empirical basis for defending these policies is weak. In Ghana, a recent report also cast doubt on the current mechanism of delivering free care - the National Health Insurance Scheme. Longitudinal surveillance data from two randomized controlled trials conducted in the Brong Ahafo Region provided a unique opportunity to assess the impact of Ghana's policies. Methods: We used time-series methods to assess the impact of Ghana's 2005 policy on free delivery care and its 2008 policy on free national health insurance for pregnant women. We estimated their impacts on facility delivery and insurance coverage, and on socioeconomic differentials in these outcomes after controlling for temporal trends and seasonality. Results: Facility delivery has been increasing significantly over time. The 2005 and 2008 policies were associated with significant jumps in coverage of 2.3% (p = 0.015) and 7.5% (p&lt;0.001), respectively after the policies were introduced. Health insurance coverage also jumped significantly (17.5%, p&lt;0.001) after the 2008 policy. The increases in facility delivery and insurance were greatest among the poorest, leading to a decline in socioeconomic inequality in both outcomes. Conclusion: Providing free care, particularly through free health insurance, has been effective in increasing facility delivery overall in the Brong Ahafo Region, and especially among the poor. This finding should be considered when evaluating the impact of the National Health Insurance Scheme and in supporting the continuation and expansion of free delivery care.	,COSTS,"MATERNAL SURVIVAL",POLICY,WOMEN	None	None
WoS	WOS:000256216700001	Impact of five years of peer-mediated interventions on sexual behavior and sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya	Barasa, Mary-Stella,Bosire, Wilkister,Chersich, Matthew F.,King'ola, Nzioki,Luchters, Stanley,Mandaliya, Kishorchandra,Mwarogo, Peter,Rinyiru, Agnes,Temmerman, Marleen,Wambugu, Sam	2008	BMC PUBLIC HEALTH	8	None	10.1186/1471-2458-8-143	Ghent University, Coast Prov Gen Hosp, Family Hlth Int, Int Ctr Reprod Hlth	"Temmerman, Marleen: Ghent University",	Background: Since 2000, peer-mediated interventions among female sex workers (FSW) in Mombasa Kenya have promoted behavioural change through improving knowledge, attitudes and awareness of HIV serostatus, and aimed to prevent HIV and other sexually transmitted infection (STI) by facilitating early STI treatment. Impact of these interventions was evaluated among those who attended peer education and at the FSW population level. Methods: A pre-intervention survey in 2000, recruited 503 FSW using snowball sampling. Thereafter, peer educators provided STI/HIV education, condoms, and facilitated HIV testing, treatment and care services. In 2005, data were collected using identical survey methods, allowing comparison with historical controls, and between FSW who had or had not received peer interventions. Results: Over five years, sex work became predominately a full-time activity, with increased mean sexual partners (2.8 versus 4.9/week; P &lt; 0.001). Consistent condom use with clients increased from 28.8% (145/503) to 70.4% (356/506; P &lt; 0.001) as well as the likelihood of refusing clients who were unwilling to use condoms (OR = 4.9, 95% CI = 3.7-6.6). In 2005, FSW who received peer interventions (28.7%, 145/506), had more consistent condom use with clients compared with unexposed FSW (86.2% versus 64.0%; AOR = 3.6, 95% CI = 2.1-6.1). These differences were larger among FSW with greater peer-intervention exposure. HIV prevalence was 25% (17/69) in FSW attending = 4 peer-education sessions, compared with 34% (25/73) in those attending 1-3 sessions (P = 0.21). Overall HIV prevalence was 30.6 (151/493) in 2000 and 33.3% (166/498) in 2005 (P = 0.36). Conclusion: Peer-mediated interventions were associated with an increase in protected sex. Though peer-mediated interventions remain important, higher coverage is needed and more efficacious interventions to reduce overall vulnerability and risk.	,"CONDOM PROMOTION",DISEASE,ENROLLMENT,"HIV PREVENTION",POPULATION,"PRESUMPTIVE TREATMENT","PREVENTION TRIAL",RANDOMIZED-TRIAL,RISK-REDUCTION,TRANSMISSION	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940537537	Board diversity and financial performance: A graphical time-series approach	Taljaard C.C., Ward M.J.D., Muller C.J.	2015	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	18	3	10.17159/2222-3436/2015/v18n3a10	Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Taljaard, C.C., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Ward, M.J.D., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Muller, C.J., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Directors need to guide and govern companies on behalf of and for the benefit of shareholders and stakeholders. However questions remain as to whether boards with higher levels of diversity amongst directors are better equipped to fulfil their fiduciary duty than boards with lower levels of diversity. This research examines whether increased levels of diversity within boards are associated with improved financial performance to shareholders. From the literature, several theoretical frameworks that could explain why increased diversity might or might not lead to improved board performance were noted. Share returns and directors’ demographic data were collected for a sample of the largest 40 companies listed on the JSE from 2000 to 2013. This data was analysed using Muller and Ward’s (2013) investment style engine by forming portfolios of companies based on board-diversity constructs. Time-series graphs of cumulative portfolio market returns were analysed to determine if the diversity dimensions tested were associated with improved share performance. The results show that racial diversity within boards is not associated with financial performance. However, increased gender diversity and younger average board age are shown to have strong associations with improved share price performance. These findings are mainly attributed to agency-, resource dependency, human capital and signalling theories. Increased diversity is seen to bolster independence and lessen agency problems. Rising diversity levels also enlarge boards’ external networks, allowing diverse stakeholders’ needs to be accommodated and limiting dependence on strategic resources. Finally, as human capital is increased, the collection of different skills and experiences are associated with better performance. The results, based on a more robust methodology and improved data set, provide additional support to previous studies. © 2015 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved.	Boards; Diversity; Financial performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903641724	Surviving, coping or thriving? Understanding coping and its impact on social well-being in mozambique	Hutchinson A.J.	2014	British Journal of Social Work	44	4	10.1093/bjsw/bcs167	Division of Social Work, Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of Southampton, University Road, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom; Centre for Social Development in Africa (CSDA), University of Johannesburg, South Africa	Hutchinson, A.J., Division of Social Work, Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of Southampton, University Road, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom, Centre for Social Development in Africa (CSDA), University of Johannesburg, South Africa	This paper presents the empirical interrogation and development of the concept of coping strategies through the findings of a piece of qualitative research which used this concept to understand and promote social well-being with young women in Mozambique during unintended pregnancy. Concepts and theories of 'coping' during adverse life events or periods of stress can be used to reinforce capabilities and strengths, facilitating rather than constraining people's own mechanisms of resilience. However, the framework within which the concept is situated is frequently ill-defined, particularly in applied contexts. 'Coping strategies' are used in many models of social work practice (preventative, remedial, rehabilitative, strengths-based, recovery-ordinated, developmental), yet understandings of what it means to 'cope', whether it be about counter-balancing threat, 'getting by' or 'getting on', and how such coping is strategic, are crucial for determining how the concept is used by practitioners and policy makers. Research findings based on qualitative interviews with young women (fifteen to nineteen-year-olds) and key informants in Mozambique on the concept of coping strategies are used to develop a typology which will help academics, policy makers and practitioners unpick the underlying assumptions associated with the concept. © 2012 The Author.	teenage pregnancy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892926566	Impact of oral lesions among South African adults with HIV/AIDS on oral health-related quality of life	Bajomo A.S., Ayo-Yusuf O.A., Rudolph M.J., Tsotsi N.M.	2013	Journal of Dental Sciences	8	4	10.1016/j.jds.2013.04.011	Division of Public Oral Health, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Community Dentistry, Oral and Dental Hospital, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Steve Biko Centre for Bioethics, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Bajomo, A.S., Division of Public Oral Health, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Ayo-Yusuf, O.A., Department of Community Dentistry, Oral and Dental Hospital, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Rudolph, M.J., Division of Public Oral Health, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Tsotsi, N.M., Steve Biko Centre for Bioethics, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Background/purpose This study examined the association between oral conditions in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among South African adults. Materials and methods Participants consisted of 175 HIV-positive adults who visited Johannesburg Hospital's outpatient HIV clinic. A systematic oral examination recorded the presence or absence of HIV-related lesions. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to determine participants' sociodemographic characteristics and access to dental care. It included items adapted from the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP), which measures the OHRQoL. Participants' OHIP scores were not normally distributed, thus were dichotomized as either less than or equal to the median score or greater than the median score: participants with above-median scores had a poorer OHRQoL. The data analysis included a multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analysis. Results In total, 109 (62.3%) subjects had multiple oral lesions. Those with more than two lesions were significantly more likely to report a poorer OHRQoL. Presenting with pseudomembranous candidiasis or erythematous candidal lesions, being female, and having visited a dentist in the last year were significantly associated with a poorer OHRQoL. Conclusion Oral candidal lesions were the most strongly associated with a poorer OHRQoL among the studied adult South African population living with HIV/AIDS. © 2013, Association for Dental Sciences of the Republic of China. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. All rights reserved.	access to care; HIV/AIDS; oral health; oral lesions; quality of life	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84946025428	Reproductive performance of Jersey and Fleckvieh × Jersey heifers and cows maintained on a pasture-based feeding system	Goni S., Muller C.J.C., Dube B., Dzama K.	2015	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	45	4	10.4314/sajas.v45i4.4	Döhne Agricultural Development Institute, Private Bag X15, Stutterheim, South Africa; Western Cape Department of Agriculture, Research and Technology Development Services, Private Bag X1, Elsenburg, South Africa; Agricultural Research Council, Private Bag X2, Irene, South Africa; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Goni, S., Döhne Agricultural Development Institute, Private Bag X15, Stutterheim, South Africa, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Muller, C.J.C., Western Cape Department of Agriculture, Research and Technology Development Services, Private Bag X1, Elsenburg, South Africa; Dube, B., Agricultural Research Council, Private Bag X2, Irene, South Africa, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Dzama, K., Department of Animal Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Crossbreeding is regarded as a faster way than using pure dairy breeds to improve the reproductive performance of dairy cows, which is pivotal to farm income. The reproductive performances of Jersey and Fleckvieh × Jersey (F × J) heifers and cows were compared in a pasture-based production system. Heifers were inseminated when showing signs of heat from 13 months old and cows from 40 days post calving. Using insemination records and pregnancy check results, fertility traits were derived and compared between breeds, using analysis of variance for continuous records. Age at first insemination and conception age for heifers did not differ between the two breeds, resulting in a similar age at first calving. For cows, the mean (± SE) interval from calving to first insemination was shorter for F × J cows, being 76.7 ± 2.2 days compared with 82.4 ± 2.5 days for Jersey cows. A larger proportion of F × J cows were inseminated within 80 days post calving, compared with the Jersey cows (0.70 and 0.54, respectively). Furthermore, the proportion of cows confirmed pregnant by 100 days in milk was higher for F × J cows in comparison with Jersey cows, being 0.79 and 0.66, respectively. Although the absolute number of days between calving and conception (days open) was slightly less for F × J cows in comparison with Jersey cows (104.8 ± 6.8 and 114.8 ± 8.1 days, respectively), the difference was not significant. These results indicate the potential of improving reproductive performance of Jersey cows through crossbreeding with the dual-purpose Fleckvieh.	Artificial insemination; Crossbreeding; Female and fertility; Intensive production system	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84876056428	Formulation and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of zidovudine contained in solidified reverse micellar delivery system of immune compromised rats	Uronnachi Emmanuel M., Ogbonna John D.N., Kenechukwu Franklin C., Attama Anthony A., Okore Vincent C.	2013	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	3	2	10.7324/JAPS.2013.30206	Drug Delivery Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria	Uronnachi Emmanuel, M., Drug Delivery Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria; Ogbonna John, D.N., Drug Delivery Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria; Kenechukwu Franklin, C., Drug Delivery Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria; Attama Anthony, A., Drug Delivery Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria; Okore Vincent, C., Drug Delivery Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria	Aim of the study was to study the in vitro and in vivo evaluation and correlation of zidovudine (AZT) loaded solidified reverse micellar microparticles (SRMMs). The SRMMs composed of goat fat and Phospholipon® 90H in various ratios (1:1, 2:1, 3:1 and 2:3) were prepared by melt dispersion method. AZT (1 %w/w, 2 %w/w, 3 %w/w and 5 %w/w)were incorporated into the SRMMs and preliminary analysis of the preparations on their stability were done visually. The 1:1 formulation was evaluated for the particle size, percentage yield and in vitro studies which was done using SGF and SIF. The in vivo study was done using Wistar albino rats and the in vitroin vivo correlation (IVIVC) wasdetermined by plotting a graph of the fraction of drug absorbed in vivoversus the fraction of drug released in vitro. The yield of the goat fat extraction was 58 %. The particle size and yield of the solid lipid microparticle (SLM) containing 1 %w/w of AZT were 5.10 ± 0.10±m and 86.3 ± 4.70% respectively. The fraction of drugs absorbed in vivo were 0.102 μg, 0.114 μg, 0.115 μg, 0.134 μg and 0.123 μg for 1 h, 3 h,5 h, 8 h and 12 h respectively. A 1:1 ratio of goat fat and Phospholipon® 90H with a high value of correlation coefficient (r2 = 0.909) suggested good level-A correlation between the in vitro-in vivo data ofthe SLM obtained in the study.	Immune-compromised; Invitro-in vivo correlation; Lipid matrix; Phospholipon® 90H; Solidified reverse micellar microparticle (SRMM)	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84964329306	Formulation, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of halofantrine-loaded solid lipid microparticles	Ogbonna J.D.N., Kenechukwu F.C., Nwobi C.S., Chibueze O.S., Attama A.A.	2015	Pharmaceutical Development and Technology	20	8	10.3109/10837450.2014.949270	Drug Delivery Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Ogbonna, J.D.N., Drug Delivery Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Kenechukwu, F.C., Drug Delivery Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Nwobi, C.S., Drug Delivery Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Chibueze, O.S., Drug Delivery Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Attama, A.A., Drug Delivery Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Context: Formulation, characterization, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of halofantrine-loaded solid lipid microparticles (SLMs). Objective: The objective of the study was to formulate and evaluate halofantrine-loaded SLMs. Materials and methods: Formulations of halofantrine-loaded SLMs were prepared by hot homogenization and thereafter lyophilized and characterized using particle size, pH stability, loading capacity (LC) and encapsulation efficiency (EE). In vitro release of halofantrine (Hf) from the optimized SLMs was performed in SIF and SGF. In vivo study using Peter's Four day suppressive protocol in mice and the mice thereafter subjected to histological studies in kidney and liver. Results: Results obtained indicated that EE of 76.32% and 61.43% were obtained for the SLMs containing 7% and 3% of Hf respectively. The SLMs loaded with 3% of Hf had the highest yield of 73.33%. Time-dependent pH stability analysis showed little variations in pH ranging from 3.49 ±0.04 to 4.03 ±0.05. Discussion: The SLMs showed pH-dependent release profile; in SIF (43.5% of the drug for each of H2 and H3) compared with SGF (13 and 18% for H2 and H3 respectively) after 8 h. The optimized SLMs formulation and Halfan® produced a percentage reduction in parasitemia of 72.96% and 85.71% respectively. The histological studies revealed that the SLMs formulations have no harmful effects on the kidney and liver. Conclusion: SLMs formulations might be an alternative for patients with parasitemia as there were no harmful effects on vital organs of the mice. © 2015 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc.	Halofantrine; Hematological parameters; Histological studies; Parasitemia; Solid-lipid microparticles	None	F/4467-1, IFS, International Foundation for Science
Scopus	2-s2.0-79952713905	Greater Kestrel survives impact with power lines	Simmons R.E.	2011	Ostrich	82	1	10.2989/00306525.2010.515397	DST/NRF Centre of Excellence at the Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa	Simmons, R.E., DST/NRF Centre of Excellence at the Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77957979922	Autoreduction and Catalytic Performance of a Cobalt Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Catalyst Supported on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Spheres	Xiong H., Moyo M., Rayner M.K., Jewell L.L., Billing D.G., Coville N.J.	2010	ChemCatChem	2	5	10.1002/cctc.200900309	DST/NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa	Xiong, H., DST/NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Moyo, M., School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa, School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Rayner, M.K., School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Jewell, L.L., School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Billing, D.G., DST/NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Coville, N.J., DST/NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa	[No abstract available]	Autoreduction; Carbon; Cobalt; Fischer-Tropsch synthesis; Supported catalysts	None	None
None	None	mHealth for Safer Deliveries: A mixed methods evaluation of the effect of an integrated mobile health intervention on maternal care utilization	Battle J.D., Farrow L., Tibaijuka J., Mitchell M.	2015	Healthcare	3	4	10.1016/j.hjdsi.2015.10.011	D-tree International, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States	Battle, J.D., D-tree International, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Farrow, L., D-tree International, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Tibaijuka, J., D-tree International, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Mitchell, M., Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894340009	Development and evaluation of woven fabric microfiltration membranes impregnated with silver nanoparticles for potable water treatment	Mecha C.A., Pillay V.L.	2014	Journal of Membrane Science	458	None	10.1016/j.memsci.2014.02.001	Durban University of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, P.O. Box 1334, 4001, Steve Biko Rd, Durban, South Africa; Stellenbosch University, Department of Process Engineering, Banghoek Rd, Stellenbosch 7601, South Africa	Mecha, C.A., Durban University of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, P.O. Box 1334, 4001, Steve Biko Rd, Durban, South Africa; Pillay, V.L., Stellenbosch University, Department of Process Engineering, Banghoek Rd, Stellenbosch 7601, South Africa	Access to clean and safe drinking water is a fundamental human need, which is commonly lacking in remote rural areas. A simple gravity-fed water treatment unit was developed based on woven fabric microfiltration (WFMF) membranes. However, since these membranes are loose micro-filters, the unit has to be used in conjunction with a disinfectant. This paper explores combining the WFMF membranes with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using a modified chemical reduction method. The originally white membranes turned brown-yellow due to the surface plasmon resonance of silver; however, there was no significant difference in the morphology of the membranes after the impregnation with 0.0117. wt% AgNPs. The coated membranes were more hydrophilic and had higher water permeability (p<0.05). Filtration of turbid water (40-700. NTU) showed that both membranes produced clear permeate (<1 NTU). Treatment of water spiked with bacteria (2500-77,000. CFU/100. mL Escherichia coli) showed that the removal efficiency of uncoated membranes was 84-91% and that of coated membranes was 100%. Accordingly, the coated membranes depicted great potential for water treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that investigated the incorporation of AgNPs in WFMF membranes and characterized their properties. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.	Disinfection; Drinking water; E. coli; Membranes; Silver nanoparticles	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-35548972877	To what extent are nurses using recognised IMCI protocols to identify and manage children with HIV: An evaluation of IMCI trained nurses in Kwazulu Natal in the use of the HIV portion of the IMCI algorithm	Haskins J.L.M.	2006	Africa Journal of Nursing and Midwifery	8	2	None	Durban University of Technology, Dept. of Postgraduate Nursing Studies, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa	Haskins, J.L.M., Durban University of Technology, Dept. of Postgraduate Nursing Studies, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa	In South Africa HIV infection is an increasing problem. The Department of Health (2004) estimated that by the end of 2003, 5.6 million people had acquired the HIV infection. Given the mother to child transmission of the disease, a paediatric HIV epidemic is expected. These children can be identified and managed using the HIV portion of the IMCI algorithm. This evaluation study sought to assess the accuracy of the use of the HIV portion of the algorithm by IMCI trained nurses in the public sector clinics in KwaZulu Natal province. Quantitative and qualitative procedures were utilized to conduct the survey. Eight nurses were selected through a two phase sampling strategy. The selected nurses were observed and assessed for a total of 72 consultations using a checklist. In addition, a questionnaire was developed and administered to the eight nurses in the original sample as well as 5 others who were conveniently selected. The findings indicate a poor level of accuracy with which IMCI trained nurses' use the algorithm and therefore suggest a poor level of management of HIV infection in children at clinic level in KwaZulu Natal. The findings indicated a reluctance of some IMCI trained nurses to discuss HIV infection with mothers who bring their children to the clinics. Support for IMCI nurses to accurately and effectively use the HIV portion of the IMCI algorithm needs to be introduced in order to provide a better service to children with HIV infection.	Algorithm; Assessment; HIV; IMCI; IMCI trained nurse	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78751499493	Impact of introducing reserve flows on abstractive uses in water stressed catchment in Kenya: Application of WEAP21 model	Akivaga E.M., Otieno F.A.O., Kipkorir E.C., Kibiiy J., Shitote S.	2010	International Journal of Physical Sciences	5	16	None	Durban University of Technology, P. O. Box 1334, Durban, South Africa; School of Environmetal Studies, Moi University, P. O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya; Department of Civil and Structural Engineering Moi University, P. O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya	Akivaga, E.M., Durban University of Technology, P. O. Box 1334, Durban, South Africa; Otieno, F.A.O., Durban University of Technology, P. O. Box 1334, Durban, South Africa; Kipkorir, E.C., School of Environmetal Studies, Moi University, P. O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya; Kibiiy, J., Department of Civil and Structural Engineering Moi University, P. O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya; Shitote, S., Department of Civil and Structural Engineering Moi University, P. O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya	Kenya is implementing Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) policies. The water policy provides for mandatory reserve (environmental flow) which should be sustained in a water resource. Four out of the six main catchments in Kenya face water scarcity. Further water resource quality objectives for many rivers are yet to be determined. This study applied Water Evaluation and Planning System (WEAP21) to study the implications of implementing the water reserve in Perkerra River which is among the few rivers that drain into Lake Baringo. The Tennant method was used to determine minimum environmental flows that should be sustained into the lake. WEAP21 was used to perform hydrological and water management analysis of the catchment. Mean monthly discharge time series of the catchment monitoring stations indicate that Perkerra River is becoming seasonal. The results further show that implementing the reserve with the present level of water management and development will increase the demand by more than 50%. With good regulation policies Chemususu dam project will reduce the impact of the reserve on abstractive uses by 20 to 40% and ensure that Perkerra River does not dry up. ©2010 Academic Journals.	Allocation; Demand; Environmental flows; Sustainable management; Weap21	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84929990698	Development of an appropriate methodology for measuring economic impacts of sports events: A case study of the KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa	Balkaran R., Tifflin W.	2013	Actual Problems of Economics	146	8	None	Durban University of Technology, South Africa	Balkaran, R., Durban University of Technology, South Africa; Tifflin, W., Durban University of Technology, South Africa	Major international sporting events occur on a daily basis globally and little thought goes into the actual hosts that manage a large part of these events. Many countries view hosting these events as the spin-offs to a city or country providing benefits to them in respect of tourism and its multiplier effects. To many third world countries and cities this is seen as a source of income and a means to create employment and the opportunity to earn foreign capital. Some argue that the costs incurred by the host country/ city for providing specialised infrastructure for these events, do so with the intention of having these costs off-set with the expected benefits from the sports event. It becomes essential therefore to ensure these events are well researched in respect of their benefits and overall impact to a host before committing valuable resources that could otherwise be more appropriately used. Within South African context the major national imperatives would be boosting the economy, employment creation and poverty alleviation. The paper provides various models for measuring economic impacts in the literature and critiques them with the intention of offering a suitable model/ methodology that provides necessary feedback for suitable measurements. A case study of two major Super 14 rugby matches was used in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa. © Rishidaw Balkaran, Wayne Tifflin, 2013.	Economic effects of sports; Rugby; South Africa; Sports activities	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84923344046	Direct cost does not impact on young children's spontaneous helping behavior	Nielsen M., Gigante J., Collier-Baker E.	2014	Frontiers in Psychology	5	DEC	10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01509	Early Cognitive Development Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Applied Human Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	Nielsen, M., Early Cognitive Development Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, School of Applied Human Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Gigante, J., Early Cognitive Development Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Collier-Baker, E., Early Cognitive Development Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia	The propensity of humans to engage in prosocial behavior is unlike that of any other species. Individuals will help others even when it comes at a cost to themselves, and even when the others are complete strangers. However, to date, scant empirical evidence has been forthcoming on young children's altruistic tendencies. To investigate this 45 4-year-olds were presented with a task in which they had opportunity to help an adult confederate retrieve a reward from a novel box. In a control condition children were given no information about the effect of potential helping behavior. Alternatively they were informed that helping would either cost them (i.e., they would miss out on getting the reward) or benefit them (i.e., they would get the reward). It was hypothesized that children would be less likely, and slower, to help in the cost condition, compared to the other two conditions. This hypothesis was not supported: children across all conditions provided help at near ceiling levels. © 2014 Nielsen, Gigante and Collier-Baker.	Altruism; Helping behavior; Preschool children; Prosocial behavior; Social development	None	DP140101410, ARC, Australian Research Council
WoS	WOS:000302005600008	The impact of gender and physical environment on the handwashing behaviour of university students in Ghana	Hampshire, Kate,Kasim, Adetayo,Mariwah, Simon	2012	TROPICAL MEDICINE &amp; INTERNATIONAL HEALTH	17	4	10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02950.x	Durham University, University of Cape Coast	"Hampshire, Kate: Durham University","Kasim, Adetayo: Durham University","Mariwah, Simon: University of Cape Coast"	Objectives To establish levels of handwashing after defecation among students at the University of Cape Coast in Ghana, and to test hypotheses that gender and washroom environment affect handwashing behaviour. Methods Data on students' handwashing behaviour after defecation were collected by structured observations in washrooms. Eight hundred and six observations were made (360 female students and 446 males) in 56 washrooms over 496 observation periods. Observers recorded gender, duration of handwashing, use of soap, and physical characteristics of the washroom (cleanliness, availability of soap, tap flow and presence of handwashing posters). Results Fewer than half the students observed washed their hands or bathed after defecation. Of these, only two- thirds washed both hands and a minority (20%) used soap; only 16 students (all men) washed their hands for the recommended 15 s or longer. Female students were more likely to wash their hands at all, and were more likely to wash both hands, than males. Cleanliness of the washroom was strongly associated with improved handwashing behaviour for both women and men, as was tap flow quality for female students. Conclusions Handwashing behaviour is generally poor among UCC students, mirroring results from North American Universities. The findings underline the plasticity of handwashing behaviour among this population, and highlight the need for ensuring that the physical environment in washrooms on university campuses is conducive to handwashing.	behaviour,comportamiento,comportement,"ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS","estudio observacional","etude d'observation","facteurs environnementaux","factores ambientales",GENDER,genero,GHANA,HANDWASHING,"lavado de manos","lavage des mains","observational study",sexe,	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-67650021890	The school library development programme in Pallisa District, Uganda: An impact study	Magara E., Batambuze C.	2009	IFLA Journal	35	2	10.1177/0340035209105670	East African School of Librar y and Information Science, Makerere University, PO Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; National Book Trust of Uganda, PO Box 25412, Kampala, Uganda	Magara, E., East African School of Librar y and Information Science, Makerere University, PO Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; Batambuze, C., National Book Trust of Uganda, PO Box 25412, Kampala, Uganda	This study establishes the impact of the School Library Development Programme (SLDP) of the East African Book Development Association (EABDA) on the beneficiary schools in Pallisa District. The study was financed with funds provided by the Guust van Wesemael Literacy Prize, awarded by IFLA to the National Book Trust of Uganda in 2007. Data were collected from implementers and participants in the Pallisa District project including teachers, children, head teachers, teacher librarians and the District Education Office. It was established that there was significant utilization of (a) the skills acquired from the training and (b) the donation of books, in the management of collections and use of the library. Although schools had put in place strategies for enabling children to borrow and read books, the absence of purpose-built libraries with adequate seating facilities and space has limited children's abilities to use the library and enjoy reading in schools. There is a need for a comprehensive school library development programme to guide interventions for stocking school libraries with relevant books and promoting reading practices. Copyright © 2009 Author.	Children's reading; East African Book Development Association; Impact studies; School libraries; School Library Development Programme; Uganda	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79958157120	Assessment of the impact of latrine utilization on diarrhoeal diseases in the rural community of Hulet Ejju Enessie Woreda, East Gojjam Zone, Amhara Region	Anteneh A., Kumie A.	2010	Ethiopian Journal of Health Development	24	2	None	East Gojjam Zonal Health Department, Amahara Regional Health Bureau, P.O. Box: 495, Ethiopia; School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box: 9086, Ethiopia	Anteneh, A., East Gojjam Zonal Health Department, Amahara Regional Health Bureau, P.O. Box: 495, Ethiopia; Kumie, A., School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box: 9086, Ethiopia	Background: The construction of latrine is a relatively simple technology that is used to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. While household access is important, community sanitation coverage is even more important to improve health through the regular use of well-maintained sanitation facilities. Objective: Assessing the impact of latrine utilization on diarrhoeal diseases in the rural community in the district of Hulet Ejju Enessie Woreda, East Gojam. Method: A community based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a randomly selected 824 households that had 90% latrine coverage at the time data collection in 2006. A structured and pre-tested questionnaire complemented with observation was used to collect data. The study area is found in one of the districts of East Gojjam where the health services extension program was actively underway. Trained data collectors and supervisors were involved in the study. Data entry and cleaning was done using EPI INFO 6.04d, while SPSS version 11 was used for data analysis. Results: Most (61%) households with traditional pit latrines had latrine utilization. In a bivaraite analysis, the extent of latrine utilization was significantly associated with presence of primary or secondary school children in the house [AOR: 1.47, 95% CI: (1.04-2.06)], perceived reasons for latrine construction [AOR: 2.89, 95% CI: (1.24-6.72)] and learning from neighborhoods [AOR: 10.07, 95% CI: (1.97-51.56)], ecology of 'Kolla' [AOR: 0.47, 95% CI: (0.29-0.74) and 'Woyna-Dega' [AOR: 0.55, 95% CI: (0.38-0.81), and owning latrines for >2 years [AOR: 2.13, 95% CI: (1.57-2.89)]. The occurrence of childhood diarrhoea was not statistically associated with the extent of latrine utilization [AOR: 0.63, 95% CI: (0.22-1.81)]; however, only owning latrines for >2 years remained significant in a multivariate analysis [AOR: 0.28, 95% CI: (0.12-0.66)]. Conclusion: Utilization of latrine facilities was common among the majority of households. The duration of having latrines had impacted the occurrence of childhood diarrhea.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33748526198	UV-visible and electrochemical monitoring of carbon monoxide release by donor complexes to myoglobin solutions and to electrodes modified with films containing hemin	Obirai J.C., Hamadi S., Ithurbide A., Wartelle C., Nyokong T., Zagal J., Top S., Bedioui F.	2006	Electroanalysis	18	17	10.1002/elan.200603571	Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Unité de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique, UMR CNRS 8151/U INSERM 640, 11 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France; Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa; Facultad de Química Y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie des Complexes Moléculaires, UMR CNRS 7576, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France	Obirai, J.C., Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Unité de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique, UMR CNRS 8151/U INSERM 640, 11 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa; Hamadi, S., Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Unité de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique, UMR CNRS 8151/U INSERM 640, 11 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France; Ithurbide, A., Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Unité de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique, UMR CNRS 8151/U INSERM 640, 11 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France; Wartelle, C., Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Unité de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique, UMR CNRS 8151/U INSERM 640, 11 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France; Nyokong, T., Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa; Zagal, J., Facultad de Química Y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile; Top, S., Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie des Complexes Moléculaires, UMR CNRS 7576, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France; Bedioui, F., Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Unité de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique, UMR CNRS 8151/U INSERM 640, 11 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France	This study reports on the evaluation of the CO donating behavior of tricarbonyl dichloro ruthenium(II) dimer ([Ru(CO)3Cl 2]2) and 1,3-dimethoxyphenyl tricarbonyl chromium (C 6H3(MeO)2Cr(CO)3) complex by UV-visible technique and electrochemical technique. The CO release was monitored by following the modifications of the UV-visible features of MbFe(II) in phosphate buffer solution and the redox features of reduced Hemin, HmFe(II), confined at the surface of a vitreous carbon electrode. In the latter case, the interaction between the hemin-modified electrode and the released CO was seen through the observation of an increase of the reduction current related to the FeIII/FeII redox process of the immobilized porphyrin. While the ruthenium-based complex, ([Ru(CO)3Cl2] 2), depended on the presence of Fe(II) species to release CO, it was found that the chromium-based complex released spontaneously CO. This was facilitated by illuminating and/or simple stirring of the solution containing the complex. © 2006 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA.	Carbon monoxide; Chromium CO-releasing complex; Cyclic voltammetry; Hemin modified electrode; Myoglobin; Ruthenium complex; UV-visible spectrophotometry	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940584551	The impact of the Malaysian minimum cigarette price law: Findings from the ITC Malaysia survey	Liber A.C., Ross H., Omar M., Chaloupka F.J.	2015	Tobacco Control	24	None	10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-052028	Economic and Health Policy Research, Intramural Research, American Cancer Society Inc., Atlanta, GA, United States; SALDRU Research Affiliate, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Clearinghouse for Tobacco Control, National Poison Centre, Universiti SainsPulau Penang, Malaysia; Department of Economics, Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Health Policy Center, Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; WHO Collaborating Centre, The Economics of Tobacco and Tobacco Control, United States	Liber, A.C., Economic and Health Policy Research, Intramural Research, American Cancer Society Inc., Atlanta, GA, United States; Ross, H., SALDRU Research Affiliate, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Omar, M., Clearinghouse for Tobacco Control, National Poison Centre, Universiti SainsPulau Penang, Malaysia; Chaloupka, F.J., Department of Economics, Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, Health Policy Center, Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, WHO Collaborating Centre, The Economics of Tobacco and Tobacco Control, United States	Objectives Study the effects of the 2011 Malaysian minimum price law (MPL) on prices of licit and illicit cigarette brands. Identify barriers to the MPL achieving positive public health effects. Methods The International Tobacco Control Project’s Southeast Asia survey collected information on Malaysian smokers’ cigarette purchases (n=7520) in five survey waves between 2005 and 2012. Consumption-weighted comparisons of proportions tests and adjusted Wald tests were used to evaluate changes over time in violation rates of the inflation-adjusted MPL, the proportion of illicit cigarette purchases and mean prices. Results After the passage of the MPL, the proportion of licit brand cigarette purchases that were below the inflation-adjusted 2011 minimum price level fell substantially (before 3.9%, after 1.8%, p=0.002), while violation of the MPL for illicit brand cigarette purchases was unchanged (before 89.8%, after 91.9%, p=0.496). At the same time, the mean real price of licit cigarettes rose ( p=0.006), while the mean real price of illicit cigarettes remained unchanged ( p=0.134). The proportion of illicit cigarette purchases rose as well (before 13.4%, after 16.5%, p=0.041). Discussion The MPL appears not to have meaningfully changed cigarette prices in Malaysia, as licit brand prices remained well above and illicit brand prices remained well below the minimum price level before and after MPL’s implementation. The increasing proportion of illicit cigarettes on the market may have undermined any positive health effects of the Malaysian MPL. The illicit cigarette trade must be addressed before a full evaluation of the Malaysian MPL’s impact on public health can take place. The authors encourage the continued use of specific excise tax increases to reliably increase the price and decrease the consumption of cigarettes in Malaysia and elsewhere. © 2015 BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84952960232	Efficiency impacts of information and communication technologies in the Nigerian printing and publishing industry	Adeoti J.O., Adeyinka F.M., Ubaru M.O.	2010	International Journal of Technological Learning, Innovation and Development	3	3	10.1504/IJTLID.2010.036493	Economic and Technology Development Department, Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER), Oyo Road, Ojoo, P.M.B. 5 UIPO, Ibadan, Nigeria; Technology Development Agency (NITDA), 28 Port Harcourt Crescent, Off Gimbiya Street, Garki Area 11	Adeoti, J.O., Economic and Technology Development Department, Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER), Oyo Road, Ojoo, P.M.B. 5 UIPO, Ibadan, Nigeria; Adeyinka, F.M., Economic and Technology Development Department, Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER), Oyo Road, Ojoo, P.M.B. 5 UIPO, Ibadan, Nigeria; Ubaru, M.O., Technology Development Agency (NITDA), 28 Port Harcourt Crescent, Off Gimbiya Street, Garki Area 11, Abuja, Nigeria	The study reported in this paper examines the use of ICTs and their efficiency impacts in the Nigerian printing and publishing industry. The findings provide evidence of the diffusion of ICTs in the industry, and regression of technical efficiency scores on firm characteristics and indicators of ICT investment showed that age of firm, age of main production equipment, size of firm and ownership structure have no significant impact on technical efficiency of firms in the research sample. Factors that have significant impact on technical efficiency of firms include physical capital, sales turnover, proportion of workers with higher education, and three aspects of ICT investment (viz., investment in computers, investment in computer software, and investment in e-business facility). The results demonstrate that ICT investments have significant positive impacts on technical efficiency, but firms are however prone to adopting hardware without requisite in-house ICT skills and adequate knowledge of software. Promoting ICT investment should therefore, be accompanied by deliberate efforts to guide firms to acquire ICT skills and software in tandem with investment in ICT hardware. © 2010 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	ICTs; industrial development; information and communication technologies; Nigeria; printing and publishing; technical efficiency	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939240594	The impact of fiscal and monetary policies on unemployment problem in Nigeria (Managerial economic perspective)	Attamah N., Anthony I., Ukpere W.I.	2015	Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions	5	2CONT1	None	Economics Department, Enugu State University of Science and Technology (ESUT), Nigeria; University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria; Department of Industrial Psychology and people Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	Attamah, N., Economics Department, Enugu State University of Science and Technology (ESUT), Nigeria; Anthony, I., University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria; Ukpere, W.I., Department of Industrial Psychology and people Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	This paper investigates the impact of fiscal and Monetary Policies on Unemployment Problem in Nigeria and covers the periods 1980 to 2013. To achieve this, fiscal policy was captured here by government expenditures and revenues respectively while monetary policy was proxied by broad Money Supply (M2), Interest and Exchange rates respectively. The methodology adopted was econometric analysis employing OLS techniques and unit roots of the series were examined using the Augmented Dickey-Fuller after which the co-integration tests was conducted using the Engle Granger approach. Error correction models were estimated to take care of the short run dynamics. It was found that while government expenditure had a positive relationship with unemployment problem in Nigeria, the result of government revenue was negative and insignificant on unemployment problem. For monetary policy, it was found that money supply and exchange rate had positive and significant impact while interest rate has only a positive relationship on unemployment problem in Nigeria. This meets the a priori expectation. The study also revealed that increases in interest and exchange rates escalate unemployment by increasing cost of production which discourages the private sector from employing large workforce. On the other hand, national productivity measured by real GDP had a negative and significant impact on unemployment rate in Nigeria. This paper recommends that for an effective combat to unemployment problem in Nigeria, there should be a systematic diversion of strategies, thus more emphasis should be laid on aggressively pursuing entrepreneurial development and increased productivity. Again government should aggressively focus on investment, employment generation and economic growth that has mechanism to trickle does to the masses. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Fiscal; Monetary; Productivity global recession; Unemployment rate; Unit root	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892579921	The impact of students financial aid on demand for higher education in South Africa: An econometric approach	Mosikari T.J., Marivate H.E.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	3	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n3p555	Economics Department, North West University (NWU), Mafikeng campus, South Africa; Economics Department, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, South Africa	Mosikari, T.J., Economics Department, North West University (NWU), Mafikeng campus, South Africa; Marivate, H.E., Economics Department, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, South Africa	University is paramount in producing graduates who can think critically and who can solve problems. The study investigates the impact of student's financial aid to higher education enrolment. The focus is on the national financial aid scheme, which is directed towards the disadvantaged students enrolling in higher education. The main aim of the student financial aid is to increase the enrolment in higher education and to bring about equity in higher education. The study uses data from National student financial aid scheme (NSFAS) to determine its impact on higher education enrolment. The study employs the bounds testing cointegration approach. The motivation to adopt this methodology was based on the fact that the data used in this study is finite. These results reveal a long run relationship between student enrolment at higher education and student financial aid.	Cointegration; Financial aid; Higher education; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84938775635	The impact of inflation on financial sector performance: A case study of sub-saharan africa	Tolulope A.O., Oyeyinka O.L.	2014	Indian Journal of Finance	8	1	None	Economics Department, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Economics Department, Wesley University of Science and Technology, Ondo State, Nigeria	Tolulope, A.O., Economics Department, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Oyeyinka, O.L., Economics Department, Wesley University of Science and Technology, Ondo State, Nigeria	The study investigates the impact of inflation on financial sector performance in the sub-Saharan African region. To this end, dynamic panel data was employed, and the cross section covers 45 countries in the region between the period from 1980 - 2011. Three measures of financial sector performance (domestic credit to private sector, liquidity ratio, and market capitalization) were used for the study. Inflation was disaggregated to anticipated and unanticipated inflation, and the results show that both anticipated and unanticipated inflation have a negative effect on the financial sector performance, especially on the activities of the banking sector. The study, therefore, concludes that high inflation rate is inimical to financial sector performance, irrespective of the economy involved, and the government should employ necessary measures to control inflation as a way of improving the performance of the financial sector.	Anticipated inflation; Economic performance; Financial sector; Inflation; Unanticipated inflation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924917576	Home and school resources as predictors of mathematics performance in South Africa	Visser M., Juan A., Feza N.	2015	South African Journal of Education	35	1	None	Education and Skills Development, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa; Education and Skills Development, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa and Institute of Science and Technology, University of South Africa, South Africa	Visser, M., Education and Skills Development, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa; Juan, A., Education and Skills Development, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa; Feza, N., Education and Skills Development, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa and Institute of Science and Technology, University of South Africa, South Africa	The creation of an environment conducive to learning is vitally important in the academic achievement of learners. Such an environment extends beyond the classroom and school to include the home. It is from these environments that learners draw resources, both tangible and intangible, that impact on their educational experience. While current bodies of literature focus on either school or home resources, this paper looks at both. Multiple regression analyses were conducted on the 2011 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) data to determine the resources factors that influence South African learners’ performance in mathematics. The findings reveal that both school and home environments play significant roles in learners’ mathematics performance. This paper therefore suggests that it is not only the socio-economic factors of schools that impact learners’ mathematics performance, but also that higher levels of parental education have a significant positive influence. © 2015, Foundation for Education Science and Technology. All right reserved	Home resources; Learning environment; Mathematics performance; Predictors of performance; School resources; TIMSS 2011	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960538883	The impact and implementation of national qualifications frameworks: A comparison of 16 countries	Allais S.M.	2011	Journal of Education and Work	24	42433	10.1080/13639080.2011.584685	Education Policy Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Allais, S.M., Education Policy Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	[No abstract available]	Education and labour market; National qualifications frameworks; Outcomes-based qualifications; Policy impact	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33749364121	Education resourcing in post-apartheid South Africa: The impact of finance equity reforms in public schooling	Motala S.	2006	Perspectives in Education	24	2	None	Education Policy Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Motala, S., Education Policy Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Through an analysis of recent quantitative data on equity and school funding in South Africa, this article aims to explicate the patterns and typology of inequality in post-apartheid South Africa, and to deepen our understanding of the construct of equity. It also aims to understand the application of equity in the context of public schooling through a disaggregated school-level analysis of a key equity indicator, per capita expenditure. This approach quantifies inequity and progress towards equality, and establishes a broader set of variables and correlates by which to understand school finance equity. It also analyses the impact of private contributions on formal basic schooling. The significance of this study lies in its contribution to the quantification of finance equity and inequity through a better understanding of finance input data analyses that go beyond race-based analyses.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78149299097	Evaluation of the effectiveness of the 360-credit National Professional Diploma in Education (NPDE) programme	Ngidi D., Sibaya P., Sibaya D., Khuzwayo H., Maphalala M., Ngwenya N.	2010	South African Journal of Education	30	1	None	Educational Psychology, University of Zululand, South Africa; Department of Educational Psychology, University of Zululand, South Africa; Department of Mathematics, Science and Technology, University of Zululand, South Africa; Department of Curriculum and Instructional Studies, University of Zululand, South Africa	Ngidi, D., Educational Psychology, University of Zululand, South Africa; Sibaya, P., Department of Educational Psychology, University of Zululand, South Africa; Sibaya, D., Department of Mathematics, Science and Technology, University of Zululand, South Africa; Khuzwayo, H., Department of Mathematics, Science and Technology, University of Zululand, South Africa; Maphalala, M., Department of Curriculum and Instructional Studies, University of Zululand, South Africa; Ngwenya, N., Department of Mathematics, Science and Technology, University of Zululand, South Africa	We investigated the effectiveness of the 360-credit National Professional Diploma (NPDE) as a programme that is aimed at the upgrading of currently serving unqualified and under-qualified educators, with a view to improving the quality of teaching and learning in schools and Further Education and Training colleges. To this end, the National Professional Diploma in Education Effectiveness Scale (NPDEES) and Classroom Observation and Assessment Form (COAF) were used. The findings indicated that educators differed in the extent to which they regarded the 360-credit NPDE programme as effective. The findings also indicated that component 3 (competences relating to teaching and learning processes), component 1 (competences relating to fundamental learning) and component 4 (competences relating to the profession, the school and the community) were the best predictors of the effectiveness of the 360-credit NPDE programme. It was found that educators differed in the extent to which they performed during the classroom-based evaluation. Suggestions are made for measures to improve educators' performance in the classroom. © 2010 EASA.	Classroom-based evaluation; Competences; Components; Exit level outcomes; National Professional Diploma in Education	None	None
WoS	WOS:000280964800005	Free Primary Education in Kenya: An Impact Evaluation Using Propensity Score Methods	COCKBURN, J,KabuboMariara, J,Mueni, Esther,Muyanga, Milu,Olwande, John,Wambugu, Stella	2010	CHILD WELFARE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES	None	None	10.1007/978-1-4419-6275-1_5	Egerton University	"Muyanga, Milu: Egerton University","Olwande, John: Egerton University","Wambugu, Stella: Egerton University"	This chapter attempts to evaluate the impact of the free primary education programme in Kenya, which is based on the premise that government intervention can lead to enhanced access to education especially by children from poor parental backgrounds. Primary education system in Kenya has been characterized by high wastage in form of low enrolment, high drop-out rates, grade repetition as well as poor transition from primary to secondary schools. This scenario was attributed to high cost of primary education. To reverse these poor trends in educational achievements, the government initiated free primary education programme in January 2003. This chapter therefore analyzes the impact of the FPE programme using panel data. Results indicate primary school enrolment rate has improved especially for children hailing from higher income categories; an indication that factors that prevent children from poor backgrounds from attending primary school go beyond the inability to pay school fees. Grade progression in primary schools has slightly dwindled. The results also indicate that there still exist constraints hindering children from poorer households from transiting to secondary school. The free primary education programme was found to be progressive, with the relatively poorer households drawing more benefits from the subsidy.	"benefit incidence analysis",KENYA,"PRIMARY EDUCATION","programme evaluation","PROPENSITY SCORE",ESTIMATORS,PROGRAMS	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84863750707	The influence of Process Approach on English as second language Students' performances in essay writing	Akinwamide T.K.	2012	English Language Teaching	5	3	10.5539/elt.v5n3p16	Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria	Akinwamide, T.K., Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria	This study examined the influence of Process Approach on English as second language Students' performances in essay writing. The purpose was to determine how far this current global approach could be of assistance to the writing skill development of these bilingual speakers of English language. The study employed the pre-test post-test control quasi-experimental research design. The sample consisted of 80 senior secondary school final year students. The research material included the senior secondary school English Language recommended textbook, National Examination Council (NECO) and West Africa Examinations Council (WAEC) English Language Syllabi, Federal Ministry of Education English Language Curriculum, English-Language Teachers' Lesson Notes and Students Essay Writing Exercise books. The West African Examinations Council's (WAEC) English Language Essay Question as an adapted instrument was used to gather data. The data generated were subjected to statistical analysis and the results of the analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the pre-test scores of both the Control and the Experimental group which indicated the homogenous state of both Control and Experimental groups. There was significant difference in the post-test scores of the Experimental and the Control groups. There was no significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the students in Control group. As evident from the out-come of the research, the Process Approach (which presents writing in multiple drafts before the final writing) had significant effect on students' overall performance in essay writing.	English as a Second Language; Essay writing; Process approach; Product approach; Students' performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892508273	Performance based teaching and evaluation process: An effective strategy for controlling examination malpractice in sciences, vocational and technical education in Nigeria	Famiwole R.O., Bandele S.O., Ajayi-Vincent O.B.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	2	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n2p317	Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	Famiwole, R.O., Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Bandele, S.O., Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Ajayi-Vincent, O.B., Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	This paper identifies the mode of assessing learning outcomes in sciences, vocational and technical education in order to prevent examination malpractice. It also discuss the virtues of performance based teaching, checklisting and rating scales as effective strategies for controlling examination malpractice among students in schools and colleges in Nigeria. It was recommended that performance based evaluation process, through the use rating scale, checklisting and monitored continuous assessment should be adopted for assessing students learning outcome in sciences, vocational and technical education subject areas in order to prevent and control examination malpractice and its vices in schools and colleges in Nigeria.	Checklisting; Examination Malpractice vocational and technical education; Learning outcomes; Performance based tests; Rating scale	None	None
WoS	WOS:000244888900007	Economics, adoption determinants, and impacts of micro-irrigation technologies: empirical results from India	Nagar, R. K.,Namara, R. E.,Upadhyay, B.	2007	IRRIGATION SCIENCE	25	3	10.1007/s00271-007-0065-0	Elecon, Int Water Management Inst	None	Micro-irrigation technologies are promoted for various reasons in India. Despite the reported significant economic advantages, and the concerted support of the government and NGOs, the current micro-irrigation area in India remains an insignificant proportion of its potential. This paper analyzes: (1) the economics of alternative micro-irrigation technologies, (2) the determinants of adoption, (3) the poverty outreach of the different micro-irrigation systems, and (4) the sustainability implications of micro-irrigation adoption. In line with the findings of other studies, this study indicates that micro-irrigation technologies result in a significant productivity and economic gains. The most important determinants of micro-irrigation adoption include access to groundwater, cropping pattern, availability of cash, and level of education, the social status and poverty status of the farmer. Contrary to the expectations, the majority of the current adopters of low-cost micro-irrigation systems are the better-off farmers. The study indicates that the impact of micro-irrigation systems on the sustainability of groundwater resources depends upon the magnitude of the overall productivity gain following the shift from traditional irrigation method to micro-irrigation system, the pattern of use of the saved water, and the type and potential number of adopters.	None	None	None
None	None	Evaluation of Tanzanian local chicken reared under intensive and semi-intensive systems: I. Growth performance and carcass characteristics	Mbaga S.H., Sanka Y.D.	2014	Livestock Research for Rural Development	26	7	None	Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Development, P.O. Box 9152, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Department of Animal Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3004, Morogoro, Tanzania	Mbaga, S.H., Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Development, P.O. Box 9152, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Sanka, Y.D., Department of Animal Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3004, Morogoro, Tanzania	The objective of this study was to determine the effect of rearing systems, sex and age at slaughter on growth performance and carcass traits of local chicken. A total of 96 local weaned chicks (two months old) were bought from farmers in Morogoro peri-urban and reared under two different rearing system viz. intensive and semi-intensive systems. The birds were initially weighed and randomly assigned to each rearing system with equal number of males and females (48 birds per system). Two pens with deep litter were used to house the birds. Spacing for birds in both systems was 4birds/m2. However, birds under semi-intensive system had free access to grassy paddock (1 bird/10m2). All birds were offered the same diet with semi-intensive group receiving half of what was offered to the intensive group. Random sample of 24 males and 24 females in each rearing system were slaughtered at five and seven month. Body weights at slaughter and body weight gain of birds from semi-intensive system were significantly lower than of those kept in intensive system. There was no difference in dressing percentage between the two rearing systems, the values being 65.2% and 65.7% for intensive and semi-intensive respectively. Dressing percent was higher (67.7%) at seven month than at five month of age (63.2%). The rearing systems significantly affected the breast percentage, being higher in semi-intensive (25.1%) compared to intensive system (23.3%). Thigh percent was not influenced by rearing system or slaughter age, while drum stick percent was significantly lower at seven month old bird compared to five month old birds. From the study, it is concluded that local chicken with modest supplementation and assuming availability of scavenging feed resources, semi-confinement system of chicken rearing could be more appropriate for the small holder poultry keepers.	Age at slaughter; Foraging; Rearing system; Scavenging; SFB	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84858980471	Review of wind turbine system and its impact for grid stability	Mishra A.K., Ramesh L., Chowdhury S.P., Chowdhury S.	2011	Journal of Electrical Engineering	11	1	None	Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Dr MGR University, Chennai, India; Department of Electrical Engineering, Dr MGR University, Chennai, India; Electrical Engineering Department, University of Cape Town, South Africa	Mishra, A.K., Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Dr MGR University, Chennai, India; Ramesh, L., Department of Electrical Engineering, Dr MGR University, Chennai, India; Chowdhury, S.P., Electrical Engineering Department, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Chowdhury, S., Electrical Engineering Department, University of Cape Town, South Africa	This paper presents an overall perspective of wind power plants and grid integration. Various wind turbine systems with different generators are described, and different technical features are compared. The electrical topologies with grid requirement for grid stability of wind farms are summarized and the possible uses of grid stability with wind farms are given. Finally, the Hybrid power system aspect and its impact on grid stability and its requirements are discussed.	Grid integration; Grid stability; Hybrid system; Induction generator; Wind farm; Wind turbine technology	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867255078	Impact assessment of barriers facing e-management of engineering projects in Nigeria	Ezeh G.N., Chukwudebe G.A., Ezeh J.C.	2011	International Journal of Applied Engineering Research	6	2	None	Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Nigeria; Civil Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Nigeria	Ezeh, G.N., Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Nigeria; Chukwudebe, G.A., Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Nigeria; Ezeh, J.C., Civil Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Nigeria	In the emerging global economy, e-business has increasingly become a necessary component of business strategy and a strong catalyst for economic development. This paper outlines individual and major groups of barriers facing e-management of engineering projects in Nigeria. The study was carried out in two phases. In the first phase, interviews with various consultants, contractors and architects, and literature review were conducted. The first phase resulted in the identification of 50 barriers facing emanagement of engineering projects in Nigeria, which were subjectively grouped into eight groups: Cultural, Financial, Security, Environmental, Organizational, Technical, Managerial and Humanistic barriers. In the second phase, questionnaires were developed based on the identified barriers and distributed to a randomly selected sample of 23 consultants, 29 contractors and 16 architects. The respondents were requested in the questionnaire to indicate the severity level of the impact of each of the 50 identified barriers based on their personal judgement. The relative severity of the impact of each barrier on e-management of engineering projects was assessed and ranked based on severity index by the consultants, contractors and architects. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient formula was used to test the degree of agreement in the ranking of the three groups of respondents. The results obtained indicate that consultants, contractors and architects generally agreed on the severity ranking of the barriers facing e-management of engineering projects in Nigeria. © Research India Publications.	Barriers; Consultants; Contractors; E-Management; Engineering Projects; Severity Index	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84881303746	Enhancement of speech communication technology performance using adaptive-control factor based spectral subtraction method	Alimia I.A., Kolawolea M.O.	2013	Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology	2013	2	None	Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; Engineering Department, Positive FM, Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	Alimia, I.A., Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; Kolawolea, M.O., Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria, Engineering Department, Positive FM, Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	This paper presents speech enhancement technique based on Spectral Subtraction (SS) method. SS is a renowned noise reduction technique that works on the principle that noise spectrum estimate over the entire speech spectrum can be subtracted from the noisy signal. On the contrary, most of the noise encountered in the real-world conditions is majorly colored. Unlike Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN), colored noise does not affect the speech signal uniformly over the entire spectrum. To mitigate effects of colored noise on the processed signal, we propose a Multi-Band Spectral Subtraction (MBSS) method using novel Adaptive-Control Factor (ACF). The spectrum is divided into frequency sub bands based on a nonlinear multi-band frame and various signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) are considered. The proposed scheme results in better system performance with quality signal and unlike the basic SS method. It mitigates the effects of anomaly known as "musical" tones artifacts in the processed signal that result in residual noise and speech distortion. The computational complexity involved is minimal. Furthermore, simulation results show that the proposed algorithm removes more colored noise without removing the relatively low amplitude speech signal over the entire speech spectrum. Subjective listening tests, with clean speech signals and different noise levels, show discernable performance of our proposed method when compared with the conventional SS approach.	Adaptive-Control Factor; MBSS; Musical noise; Sub-bands	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79956210886	Automating consumers' connections to the distribution network for enhanced performance	Popoola O.M., Jimoh A., Nicolae D.	2010	International Review of Electrical Engineering	5	5	None	Electrical Engineering department, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa	Popoola, O.M., Electrical Engineering department, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Jimoh, A., Electrical Engineering department, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Nicolae, D., Electrical Engineering department, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa	Trial and error approach which involves service interruption is usually carried out to resolve unbalance on phases in power distribution system. This approach might improve the phase voltage and current but the resultant effect (change) does not last for too long; thereby reduces the market value in terms of quality and reliability of supply. To enhance the performance of the secondary distribution system there is a need for an automating technology. The aim of this paper is to introduce a method and technology developed for resolving imbalances in a secondary distribution system as a result of the uneven distribution of single phase load across a three phase power system. The technology developed is able to monitor, acquire/display collected data and perform self changing switching actions electronically. This action is in form of rearrangement or transfer of consumer loads for optimal performance of the distribution feeder. The proposed switching technology is based on open- transition switch that enables transfer or rearrangement of consumer loads in a three-phase system within milliseconds with supervisory control system. The following methodologies: System Simulator - Matlab (Simulink), Virtual Instrumentation-Lab VIEW and Hardware implementation were applied for the validation of the proposed technique. Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved.	Automated technology; Current imbalances; Load balancing; Phase arrangement; Static transfer switching	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79956208728	Performance analysis of a capacitance compensated dual stator winding synchronous reluctance machine	Samson O.A., Jimoh A.A., Nicolae D.V., Obe E.S.	2010	International Review of Electrical Engineering	5	2	None	Electrical/Electronic Engineering department, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Electrical Engineering department, Tswane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Electrical Enginering Department, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Samson, O.A., Electrical/Electronic Engineering department, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Jimoh, A.A., Electrical Engineering department, Tswane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Nicolae, D.V., Electrical Engineering department, Tswane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Obe, E.S., Electrical Enginering Department, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Synchronous reluctance machine with simple salient rotor are known to have poor power factor because they have a low effective reactance ratio. This paper used a 3-phase auxiliary winding and balanced capacitance compensation to influence the effective reactance ratio of a synchronous reluctance machine with simple salient rotor structure, such that its power factor and torque/ampere performance is improved. A mathematical model and dq equivalent circuit suitable for dynamic and steady state analysis was developed and used to study the synchronous operation of this machine. Analytical as well as experimental results for a 4-pole, 36 slots simple salient rotor reluctance machine showed that the effective reactance ratio increased with the capacitance size, and the machine operated at a maximum power factor of 0.969 without altering the geometry of the rotor. The torque per ampere of the machine also improved with the size of capacitor attached to the auxiliary winding. © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved.	AC machines; Balanced auxiliary winding; Capacitor compensation; Dual winding; Synchronous reluctance machine	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867270694	Impact of conductive backfills on resistivity of nonuniform soil for grounding grid design	Eduful G., Amoako S., Okyere P.Y., Anto E.K., Asante K.N.	2011	International Journal of Applied Engineering Research	6	1	None	Electricity Company of Ghana, Project Office, P.O. Box 5278, Accra-North, Ghana; Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Private Mail Bag, Kumasi, Ghana; Research and Development, Electricity Company of Ghana Project Office, P.O. Box AN 5278, Accra, Ghana	Eduful, G., Electricity Company of Ghana, Project Office, P.O. Box 5278, Accra-North, Ghana; Amoako, S., Electricity Company of Ghana, Project Office, P.O. Box 5278, Accra-North, Ghana; Okyere, P.Y., Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Private Mail Bag, Kumasi, Ghana; Anto, E.K., Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Private Mail Bag, Kumasi, Ghana; Asante, K.N., Research and Development, Electricity Company of Ghana Project Office, P.O. Box AN 5278, Accra, Ghana	The use of conductive backfills is one of the major techniques that can be used to lower soil resistivity and still achieve safety restriction imposed by standard regulations. The challenge is how to estimate the impact of a conductive backfill on local soil resistivity. In this study, electrodes were installed in a conductive backfill and their resistance measured. To determine impact of the conductive soil on the local soil resistivity, equivalent resistivity of the electrode (made up the resistivity of the conductive backfill and the local soil) was calculated using deep-driven analytical formula for soil resistivity calculation. Impact was obtained by a ratio of the equivalent resistivity to the resistivity of the local soil. To confirm the impact, electrodes were connected in a grid form and their combined resistance measured. The measured resistance value was compared with a calculated resistance value. The strong relation between the measured and the calculated values confirmed the impact. © Research India Publications.	Conductive Backfill; Ground Electrode; Grounding Grid; Soil resistivity	None	None
WoS	WOS:000292450500015	The Impact of Out-Migration on the Nursing Workforce in Kenya	Arudo, John,Gross, Jessica M.,Higgins, Melinda,Kamenju, Andrew,Kiriinya, Rose,Oywer, Elizabeth,Rakuom, Chris,Riley, Patricia L.,Rogers, Martha F.,Teplinskiy, Ilya,Wambua, David,Waudo, Agnes	2011	HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH	46	4	10.1111/j.1475-6773.2011.01251.x	Emory University, Aga Khan Univ, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Hlth Workforce Project, Kenyan Minist Med Serv, Nurses Council Kenya	"Gross, Jessica M.: Emory University","Higgins, Melinda: Emory University","Rogers, Martha F.: Emory University","Teplinskiy, Ilya: Emory University",	Objective. To examine the impact of out-migration on Kenya's nursing workforce. Study Setting. This study analyzed deidentified nursing data from the Kenya Health Workforce Informatics System, collected by the Nursing Council of Kenya and the Department of Nursing in the Ministry of Medical Services. Study Design. We analyzed trends in Kenya's nursing workforce from 1999 to 2007, including supply, deployment, and intent to out-migrate, measured by requests for verification of credentials from destination countries. Principle Findings. From 1999 to 2007, 6 percent of Kenya's nursing workforce of 41,367 nurses applied to out-migrate. Eighty-five percent of applicants were registered or B.Sc.N. prepared nurses, 49 percent applied within 10 years of their initial registration as a nurse, and 82 percent of first-time applications were for the United States or United Kingdom. For every 4.5 nurses that Kenya adds to its nursing workforce through training, 1 nurse from the workforce applies to out-migrate, potentially reducing by 22 percent Kenya's ability to increase its nursing workforce through training. Conclusions. Nurse out-migration depletes Kenya's nursing workforce of its most highly educated nurses, reduces the percentage of younger nurses in an aging nursing stock, decreases Kenya's ability to increase its nursing workforce through training, and represents a substantial economic loss to the country.	DATABASE,EMIGRATION,"human resource information systems",KENYA,"nursing workforce","professional regulatory bodies",BRAIN-DRAIN,CHALLENGES,"HEALTH-CARE WORKERS",NURSES,PROFESSIONALS,RECRUITMENT,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000259198200010	The impact of a school-based safe water and hygiene programme on knowledge and practices of students and their parents: Nyanza Province, western Kenya, 2006	Ayalo, M.,Freeman, M. C.,Hoekstra, R. M.,Migele, J.,Mwaki, A.,Ombeki, S.,O'Reilly, C. E.,Quick, R.,Ravani, M.	2008	EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION	136	1	10.1017/S0950268807008060	Emory University, CARE Kenya, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent	"Freeman, M. C.: Emory University","Quick, R.: Emory University","Ravani, M.: Emory University",	Safe drinking water and hygiene are essential to reducing Kenya's diarrhoeal disease burden. A school-based safe water and hygiene intervention in Kenya was evaluated to assess its impact on students' knowledge and parents' adoption of safe water and hygiene practices. We surveyed 390 students from nine schools and their parents at baseline and conducted a final evaluation of 363 students and their parents. From baseline to final evaluation, improvement was seen in students' knowledge of correct water treatment procedure (21-65%. P &lt; 0.01) and knowing when to wash their hands. At final evaluation, 14% of parents reported currently treating their water. compared with 6% Lit baseline (P &lt; 0.01). From 2004 to 2005. school absenteeism in the September-November term decreased in nine project schools by 35%, and increased in nine neighbouring comparison Schools by 5%. This novel programme shows promise for reducing, school absenteeism and promoting water and hygiene interventions in the home.	,ABSENTEEISM,BANGLADESH,BEHAVIORS,"CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA",CHLORINATION,"DIARRHEAL DISEASE",DRINKING-WATER,INTERVENTION,MORBIDITY,TRANSMISSION	None	None
WoS	WOS:000284293900010	The impact of an emergency hiring plan on the shortage and distribution of nurses in Kenya: the importance of information systems	Gross, J. M.,Kamenju, A.,Kiriinya, R.,Oywer, E.,Rakuom, C.,Riley, P. L.,Rogers, M. F.,Wambua, D.,Waudo, A.,Willy, R.	2010	BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION	88	11	10.2471/BLT.09.072678	Emory University, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Govt Kenya, Kenya Hlth Workforce Project, Nursing Council Kenya	"Gross, J. M.: Emory University","Rogers, M. F.: Emory University",	Objective To analyse the effect of Kenya's Emergency Hiring Plan for nurses on their inequitable distribution in rural and underserved areas. Methods We used data from the Kenya Health Workforce Informatics System on the nursing workforce to determine the effect of the Emergency Hiring Plan on nurse shortages and maldistribution. The total number of nurses, the number of nurses per 100 000 population and the opening of previously closed or new heath facilities were recorded. Findings Of the 18 181 nurses employed in Kenya's public sector in 2009, 1836 (10%) had been recruited since 2005 through the Emergency Hiring Plan. Nursing staff increased by 7% in hospitals, 13% in health centres and 15% in dispensaries. North Eastern province, which includes some of the most remote areas, benefited most: the number of nurses per 100 000 population increased by 37%. The next greatest increase was in Nyanza province, which has the highest prevalence of HIV infection in Kenya. Emergency Hiring Plan nurses enabled the number of functioning public health facilities to increase by 29%. By February 2010, 94% of the nurses hired under pre-recruitment absorption agreements had entered the civil service. Conclusion The Emergency Hiring Plan for nurses significantly increased health services in Kenya's rural and underserved areas over the short term. Preliminary indicators of sustainability are promising, as most nurses hired are now civil servants. However, continued monitoring will be necessary over the long term to evaluate future nurse retention. The accurate workforce data provided by the Kenya Health Workforce Informatics System were essential for evaluating the effect of the Emergency Hiring Plan.	,BRAIN-DRAIN,HEALTH,HUMAN-RESOURCES	None	None
WoS	WOS:000290456100010	Impact of implementation of free high-quality health care on health facility attendance by sick children in rural western Kenya	Adazu, Kubaje,Bigogo, Godfrey,Breiman, Robert F.,Buehler, James,Burgert, Clara R.,Feikin, Daniel R.,Hamel, Mary J.,Laserson, Kayla,Odhiambo, Frank	2011	TROPICAL MEDICINE &amp; INTERNATIONAL HEALTH	16	6	10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02752.x	Emory University, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr	"Buehler, James: Emory University","Burgert, Clara R.: Emory University",	P&gt;Objectives To explore whether implementation of free high-quality care as part of research programmes resulted in greater health facility attendance by sick children. Methods As part of the Intermittent Preventive Treatment for Malaria in Infants (IPTi), begun in 2004, and population-based infectious disease surveillance (PBIDS), begun in 2005 in Asembo, rural western Kenya, free high-quality care was offered to infants and persons of all ages, respectively, at one Asembo facility, Lwak Hospital. We compared rates of sick-child visits by children &lt; 10 years to all seven Asembo clinics before and after implementation of free high-quality care in 10 intervention villages closest to Lwak Hospital and 8 nearby comparison villages not participating in the studies. Incidence rates and rate ratios for sick-child visits were compared between intervention and comparison villages by time period using Poisson regression. Results After IPTi began, the rate of sick-child visits for infants, the study's target group, in intervention villages increased by 191% (95% CI 75-384) more than in comparison villages, but did not increase significantly more in older children. After PBIDS began, the rate of sick-child visits in intervention villages increased by 267% (95% CI 76-661) more than that in comparison villages for all children &lt; 10 years. The greatest increases in visit rates in intervention villages occurred 3-6 months after the intervention started. Visits for cough showed greater increases than visits for fever or diarrhoea. Conclusions Implementation of free high-quality care increased healthcare use by sick children. Cost and quality of care are potentially modifiable barriers to improving access to care in rural Africa.	Africa,"HEALTH SYSTEMS","health utilization",DETERMINANTS,MALARIA,MANAGEMENT,"MORBIDITY SURVEILLANCE",MORTALITY,PATTERNS,SEEKING,SERVICES,TANZANIA,VISITS	None	None
WoS	WOS:000300686600016	Assessing the impact of a school-based water treatment, hygiene and sanitation programme on pupil absence in Nyanza Province, Kenya: a cluster-randomized trial	Brumback, Babette,Dreibelbis, Robert,Freeman, Matthew C.,Greene, Leslie E.,Muga, Richard,Rheingans, Richard,Saboori, Shadi	2012	TROPICAL MEDICINE &amp; INTERNATIONAL HEALTH	17	3	10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02927.x	Emory University, Florida State University System, Johns Hopkins University, University of Florida, University of London, Great Lakes Univ Kisumu, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine	"Brumback, Babette: Florida State University System","Brumback, Babette: University of Florida","Greene, Leslie E.: Emory University","Rheingans, Richard: Florida State University System","Rheingans, Richard: University of Florida","Saboori, Shadi: Emory University",	Objectives There has been increased attention to access to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) at schools in developing countries, but a dearth of empirical studies on the impact. We conducted a cluster-randomized trial of school-based WASH on pupil absence in Nyanza Province, Kenya, from 2007 to 2008. METHODS Public primary schools nested in three geographical strata were randomly assigned and allocated to one of three study arms [ water treatment and hygiene promotion (WT &amp; HP), additional sanitation improvement, or control] to assess the effects on pupil absence at 2-year follow-up. results We found no overall effect of the intervention on absence. However, among schools in two of the geographical areas not affected by post-election violence, those that received WT and HP showed a 58% reduction in the odds of absence for girls (OR 0.42, CI 0.21-0.85). In the same strata, sanitation improvement in combination with WT and HP resulted in a comparable drop in absence, although results were marginally significant (OR 0.47, 0.21-1.05). Boys were not impacted by the intervention. conclusion School WASH improvements can improve school attendance for girls, and mechanisms for gendered impacts should be explored. Incomplete intervention compliance highlights the challenges of achieving consistent results across all settings.	ABSENCE,HYGIENE,SANITATION,"sanitation and hygiene",SCHOOL,WATER,"WATER TREATMENT",ABSENTEEISM,ATTENDANCE,CHILDREN,HEALTH,INFECTIONS,INTERVENTIONS,POLLUTION,PROMOTION,RISK,"WESTERN KENYA"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000308680100003	Impact of a School-Based Hygiene Promotion and Sanitation Intervention on Pupil Hand Contamination in Western Kenya: A Cluster Randomized Trial	Akoko, Daniel,Freeman, Matthew C.,Greene, Leslie E.,Moe, Christine,Rheingans, Richard,Saboori, Shadi	2012	AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE	87	3	10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0633	Emory University, Florida State University System, University of Florida, Great Lakes Univ Kisumu	"Greene, Leslie E.: Emory University",	Handwashing with soap effectively reduces exposure to diarrhea-causing pathogens. Interventions to improve hygiene and sanitation conditions in schools within low-income countries have gained increased attention; however, their impact on schoolchildren's exposure to fecal pathogens has not been established. Our trial examined whether a school-based water, sanitation, and hygiene intervention reduced Escherichia coli contamination on pupils' hands in western Kenya. A hygiene promotion and water treatment intervention did not reduce risk of E. coli presence (relative risk [RR] = 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.54-1.56); the addition of new latrines to intervention schools significantly increased risk among girls (RR = 2.63, 95% CI = 1.29-5.34), with a non-significant increase among boys (RR = 1.36, 95% CI = 0.74-2.49). Efforts to increase usage of school latrines by constructing new facilities may pose a risk to children in the absence of sufficient hygiene behavior change, daily provision of soap and water, and anal cleansing materials.	,BANGLADESH,BEHAVIOR,COLOMBIA,"FECAL CONTAMINATION",HOUSEHOLDS,INDICATORS,"NYANZA PROVINCE",PROGRAM,SOAP,WATER-TREATMENT	None	None
WoS	WOS:000342687100004	Assessing the impact of a school-based latrine cleaning and handwashing program on pupil absence in Nyanza Province, Kenya: a cluster-randomized trial	Caruso, Bethany A.,Dreibelbis, Robert,Freeman, Matthew C.,Garn, Joshua V.,Muga, Richard,Rheingans, Richard,Saboori, Shadi	2014	TROPICAL MEDICINE &amp; INTERNATIONAL HEALTH	19	10	10.1111/tmi.12360	Emory University, Florida State University System, University of Florida, University of Oklahoma - Norman, University of Oklahoma System, Great Lakes Univ Kisumu	"Rheingans, Richard: Florida State University System","Rheingans, Richard: University of Florida",	ObjectivesImproving school water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) conditions reduces pupil absence and illness. However, these benefits may depend on the conditions of the latrines and availability of consumables. We sought to determine whether a low-cost, policy-relevant, environmental-level latrine cleaning intervention could improve latrine cleanliness, increase its use and reduce absenteeism. MethodsIn a three-arm, cluster-randomized trial we assessed absence via periodical roll-call among 17564 pupils in 60 schools that had previously received WASH improvements as part of the SWASH+ project. Latrine conditions and use were also assessed using structured observation. Latrine cleanliness increased significantly during the post-intervention period among schools receiving the latrine cleaning package compared to controls, as did handwashing with soap. We found no difference in latrine use and absence across arms. ConclusionsThe additive impact of cleaning may not have been strong enough to impact absence above and beyond reductions attributable to the original WASH infrastructure improvements and basic hygiene education the schools previously received. Improving latrine conditions is important for the dignity and well-being of pupils, and investments and strategies are necessary to ensure that school toilets are clean and pupil-friendly.	ABSENCE,HANDWASHING,HYGIENE,"Latrine use",SANITATION,SCHOOL,DIARRHEA,"FECAL CONTAMINATION","HAND CONTAMINATION",HOUSEHOLDS,HYGIENE,PROMOTION,"SANITATION INTERVENTION",SOAP,WATER-TREATMENT,"WESTERN KENYA"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000331797900011	An Evaluation of Equitable Access to a Community- Based Maternal and Newborn Health Program in Rural Ethiopia	Barry, Danika,Sibley, Lynn,Spangler, Sydney A.	2014	JOURNAL OF MIDWIFERY &amp; WOMENS HEALTH	59	None	10.1111/jmwh.12133	Emory University, MaNHEP, Maternal & Newborn Hlth Ethiopia Partnership MaNH	None	IntroductionThe Maternal and Newborn Health in Ethiopia Partnership (MaNHEP) aimed to promote equitable access to safe childbirth and postnatal care through a community-based educational intervention. This study evaluates the extent to which MaNHEP reached women who are socially and materially disadvantaged and, thus, at high risk for inadequate access to care. MethodsThe data used in this analysis are from MaNHEP's cross-sectional 2010 baseline and 2012 endline surveys of women who gave birth in the prior year. A logistic regression model was fit to examine the effects of sociodemographic characteristics on participation in the MaNHEP program. Descriptive statistics of select characteristics by birth and postnatal care provider were also calculated to explore trends in services use. ResultsUsing data from the endline survey (N = 1019), the regression model showed that age, parity, education, and geographic residence were not significantly associated with MaNHEP exposure. However, women who were materially disadvantaged were still less likely to have participated in the program than their better-off counterparts. From the baseline survey (N = 1027) to the endline survey, women's use of skilled and semiskilled providers for birth care and postnatal care increased substantially, while use of untrained providers or no provider decreased. These shifts were greater for women with less personal wealth than for women with more personal wealth. DiscussionMaNHEP appears to have succeeded in meeting its equity goals to a degree. However, this study also supports the intractable relationship between wealth inequality and access to maternal and newborn health services. Strategies targeting the poor in diverse contexts may eventually prove consistently effective in equitable services delivery. Until that time, a critical step that all maternal and newborn health programs can take is to monitor and evaluate to what extent they are reaching disadvantaged groups within the populations they serve.	"access to services","community-based interventions",ETHIOPIA,"Maternal and newborn health","socioeconomic inequalities and inequities",CARE,"CHILD HEALTH",COUNTDOWN,DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES,INEQUALITIES,INTERVENTIONS,"NATIONAL SURVEYS",REPRODUCTIVE-HEALTH,SE	None	None
WoS	WOS:000258897000016	An evaluation of intravaginal rings as a potential HIV prevention device in urban Kenya: Behaviors and attitudes that might influence uptake within a high-risk population	Bwayo, Job Joab,del Rio, Carlos,Hoang, Tina Dan My,Priddy, Frances H.,Smith, Donna Jo,Wakasiaka, Sabina	2008	JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH	17	6	10.1089/jwh.2007.0529	Emory University, University of Nairobi	"Bwayo, Job Joab: University of Nairobi","Hoang, Tina Dan My: Emory University","Priddy, Frances H.: Emory University","Smith, Donna Jo: Emory University","Wakasiaka, Sabina: University of Nairobi",	Purpose: We sought to assess the potential acceptability of intravaginal rings (IVRs) as an HIV prevention method among at-risk women and men. Methods: We conducted a qualitative assessment of initial attitudes toward IVRs, current HIV prevention methods, and common behavioral practices among female sex workers (FSWs) and men who frequent FSWs in Mukuru, an urban slum community in Nairobi, Kenya. Nineteen women and 21 men took part in six focus group discussions. Results: Most participants, both male and female, responded positively to the concept of an IVR as a device for delivering microbicides. Women particularly liked the convenience offered by its slow-release capacity. Some female respondents raised concerns about whether male customers would discover the ring and respond negatively, whereas others thought it unlikely that their clients would feel the ring. Focus groups conducted with male clients of FSWs suggested that many would be enthusiastic about women, and particularly sex workers, using a microbicide ring, but that women's fears about negative responses to covert use were well founded. Overall, this high-risk population of FSWs and male clients in Nairobi was very open to the IVR as a potential HIV prevention device. Conclusion: Themes that emerged from the focus groups highlight the importance of understanding attitudes toward IVRs as well as cultural practices that may impact IVR use in high-risk populations when pursuing clinical development of this potential HIV prevention device.	,ACCEPTABILITY,"DRY SEX",INFECTION,MICROBICIDE,SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES,TRIAL,"VAGINAL RING",WOMEN	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84955308397	Socio-economic impacts of the deployment of improved fuel efficient stoves: The ILF uganda commercialization program	Wiedmer D., Jouslin-de-Noray P., Graveaud F., Jahangiri V.	2015	Field Actions Science Report	8	None	None	ENEA Consulting, 89 rue Réaumur, Paris, France; International Lifeline Fund, P.O. Box 70, Adol Palino Road, Lira, Uganda	Wiedmer, D., ENEA Consulting, 89 rue Réaumur, Paris, France; Jouslin-de-Noray, P., ENEA Consulting, 89 rue Réaumur, Paris, France; Graveaud, F., ENEA Consulting, 89 rue Réaumur, Paris, France; Jahangiri, V., International Lifeline Fund, P.O. Box 70, Adol Palino Road, Lira, Uganda	Biomass accounts for 91% of the total energy used in Uganda, but is often used unsustainably: if deforestation continues at the present rate, it could lead to the destruction of all Ugandan forests by 2050. As a consequence, wood and charcoal are becoming scarce and their price is increasing. Fuel Efficient Stoves are a way to tackle these issues by decreasing the amount of biomass used for cooking. International Lifeline Fund (ILF) has launched in 2008 the cookstove Uganda Commercialization Program in the region of Lira. The program consists in the local production of improved Fuel Efficient Stoves and their selling to households by local vendors. The socio-economic impacts of this program, both on end users and on the local economy, have been studied during a field mission conducted by ENEA Consulting in 2012. The ILF Fuel Efficient Stoves reduce the domestic consumption of charcoal and energetic expenditures. Interviews of end users confirmed that they feel safer with ILF Fuel Efficient Stoves than with previous devices. They also perceive a reduction of health problems linked to domestic air pollution and an increase in women’s free time. Users also report a positive impact on domestic life as the use of the cookstove reduces the quarrels between husbands and wives by keeping meals warm and ready. Finally, the main local economic benefit along the value chain of the project appears to be the direct creation of several long-term full-time jobs. Possible improvements of the business model will be suggested, in particular to ensure its long-term economic viability. © Author(s) 2015.	Biomass; Charcoal; Cookstoves; Economic impacts; FES; Fuel efficient stoves; Social impacts; Uganda	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84906858448	Mixing performance of a suspended stirrer for homogenizing biodegradable food waste from eatery centers	Babarinsa O., Ogedengbe E.O.B., Rosen M.A.	2014	Sustainability (Switzerland)	6	9	10.3390/su6095554	Energhx Research Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 353 Faculty of Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos 101017, Nigeria; Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, 2000 Simcoe Street	Babarinsa, O., Energhx Research Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 353 Faculty of Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos 101017, Nigeria; Ogedengbe, E.O.B., Energhx Research Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 353 Faculty of Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos 101017, Nigeria; Rosen, M.A., Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa, ON L1H 7K4, Canada	Numerical simulation of a suspended stirrer within a homogenizing system is performed towards determining the mixing performance of a homogenizer. A two-dimensional finite volume formulation is developed for the cylindrical system that is used for the storage and stirring of biodegradable food waste from eatery centers. The numerical solver incorporates an analysis of the property distribution for viscous food waste in a storage tank, while coupling the impact of mixing on the slurry fluid. Partial differential equations, which describe the conservation of mass, momentum and energy, are applied. The simulation covers the mixing and heating cycles of the slurry. Using carrot-orange soup as the operating fluid (and its thermofluid properties) and assuming constant density and temperature-dependent viscosity, the velocity and temperature field distribution under the influence of the mixing source term are analyzed. A parametric assessment of the velocity and temperature fields is performed, and the results are expected to play a significant role in designing a homogenizer for biodegradable food waste. © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.	Biodigester; Finite volume method; Food waste; Homogenizer; Stirrer	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949293476	Hierarchical one-dimensional ammonium nickel phosphate microrods for high-performance pseudocapacitors	Raju K., Ozoemena K.I.	2015	Scientific Reports	5	None	10.1038/srep17629	Energy Materials Unit, Materials Science and Manufacturing, Council for Scientific AndIndustrial Research (CSIR), Pretoria, South Africa; School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Raju, K., Energy Materials Unit, Materials Science and Manufacturing, Council for Scientific AndIndustrial Research (CSIR), Pretoria, South Africa; Ozoemena, K.I., Energy Materials Unit, Materials Science and Manufacturing, Council for Scientific AndIndustrial Research (CSIR), Pretoria, South Africa, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	High-performance electrochemical capacitors will drive the next-generation portable, flexible and wearable electronics. Unlike the conventional all-carbon supercapacitors (electric double layer capacitors, EDLC) with high power but poor energy density, pseudocapacitors capitalize the high energy density inherent to reversible redox reactions and provide a facile means to enhancing the energy ratings of supercapacitors. The high length-to-diameter ratio and anisotropic character of 1-D architecture makes them suitable for use in energy storage. For the first time, we report 1-D microrod structures (∼ 36 nm width) of ammonium nickel phosphate hydrate (ANP mr) as a pseudocapacitor with high energy rating and power handling. To confirm the data, the ANP mr -based pseudocapacitor was subjected to various configurations (i.e., half-cell, symmetric, asymmetric, and flexible all-solid-state) and in each case it gave excellent values compared to any accessible literature to date. We clearly demonstrate that a flexible all-solid-state ANP mr -based pseudocapacitor achieved high areal capacitance of 66 mF cm ∼'2 with extra-ordinary energy (21.2 mWh cm ∼'2) and power (12.7 mW cm ∼'2) densities. This work opens doors for a facile, robust and scalable preparation strategy for low-cost, earth-abundant electrode materials for high-performance pseudocapacitors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33847778569	Crude oil price movements and their impact on South Africa	Nkomo J.C.	2006	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	17	4	None	Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town, South Africa	Nkomo, J.C., Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town, South Africa	The purpose of this paper is to examine crude oil price movements and their impact on South Africa. A useful starting point is understanding the factors that have played a prominent role in influencing oil pricing. For this reason, I begin by focusing on OPEC producing countries and the challenges these countries face with supply management. After considering domestic oil pricing and accounting for fluctuations in crude oil price movements, I examine the domestic impact of oil price changes on the South African economy.	Dependence; Domestic resource; Inflation; Price fluctuations; Supply management	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-39549086993	Innovation in the economic performance of a power station through monetised carbon dioxide credits	Asamoah J.	2007	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	18	4	None	EnerWise Africa, Accra, Ghana	Asamoah, J., EnerWise Africa, Accra, Ghana	It is proposed to generate part of the future base load power requirements of South Africa using natural gas as a substitute for coal By this substitution, combined-cycle gas turbine power stations will be built instead of pulverised fuel coal-fired power stations to generate base load power. This substitution will lead to abatement in the emission of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide. In this paper, an innovative mode of amortizing capex is applied to reduce the payback time of a bank loan through the combined use of proceeds from the sale of electricity and monetised carbon dioxide credits. This innovation stems from the reduction in emission of carbon dioxide due to the proposal to generate part of the future base load power requirements using natural gas as a substitute for coal. The carbon credits emanate from undertaking projects resulting in the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions under the Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol. This is possible because South Africa is regarded as a developing country. This additional revenue results in reducing the loan payments by 2.1 years, saving 19% in interest payments. Furthermore, this innovation would allow scarce finance available for project funding to be extended to other projects to the advantage of national economic development.	Carbon dioxide credits; Combined-cycle gas turbine power stations; Te-Con's techno-economic simulator model	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79957467708	Wastewater use in crop production in peri-urban areas of Addis Ababa: Impacts on health in farm households	Weldesilassie A.B., Boelee E., Drechsel P., Dabbert S.	2011	Environment and Development Economics	16	1	10.1017/S1355770X1000029X	Ethiopian Development Research Institute (EDRI), Near National Stadium Blue Building, P.O. Box 2479, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; International Water Management Institute (IWMI), P.O. Box 2075, Colombo, Sri Lanka; International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Colombo, Sri Lanka; Hohenheim University, Institute 410A, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany	Weldesilassie, A.B., Ethiopian Development Research Institute (EDRI), Near National Stadium Blue Building, P.O. Box 2479, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Boelee, E., International Water Management Institute (IWMI), P.O. Box 2075, Colombo, Sri Lanka; Drechsel, P., International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Colombo, Sri Lanka; Dabbert, S., Hohenheim University, Institute 410A, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany	Using stream water polluted with untreated wastewater in agriculture is controversial due to its combination of benefits and negative health impacts. Using data from a household survey, wastewater and freshwater farmers were analysed comparatively to examine the perceived impacts of irrigation water quality on farmers' health and to evaluate the extent of health damage. Probability of illness was estimated using the theory of utility-maximising behaviour of households subject to the conventional farm household production model, augmented by adding a health production function. Reduced model and instrumental variable probit specifications both show that perceived illness prevalence is significantly higher for household members working on wastewater irrigation farms than for those working with freshwater. Our data entails econometric complications (e.g., endogeneity of farmers' behaviour, unobserved location-specific characteristics). Ignoring these will result in underestimation of the value of policy interventions designed to reduce potential health damage of wastewater use in irrigation. © 2010 Cambridge University Press.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892998601	The MAREDAT global database of high performance liquid chromatography marine pigment measurements	Peloquin J., Swan C., Gruber N., Vogt M., Claustre H., Ras J., Uitz J., Barlow R., Behrenfeld M., Bidigare R., Dierssen H., Ditullio G., Fernandez E., Gallienne C., Gibb S., Goericke R., Harding L., Head E., Holligan P., Hooker S., Karl D., Landry M., Let	2013	Earth System Science Data	5	1	10.5194/essd-5-109-2013	Environmental Physics Group, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, Switzerland; Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, UMR7093, CNRS, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR7093, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France; Bayworld Centre for Research and Education, Rogge Bay 8012, Cape Town, South Africa; Marine Research Institute, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States; Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, United States; Grice Marine Lab, College of Charleston, SC, United States; Departamento Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain; Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, United Kingdom; Environmental Research Institute, University of the Highlands and Islands, United Kingdom; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States; University of Maryland Horn Point Laboratory, Cambridge, MD, United States; Ecosystem Research Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS, Canada; Ocean and Earth Science University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States; College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, St. George's GE 01, Bermuda; Institute for Marine Remote Sensing/IMaRS, College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, United States; Earth Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States; Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Pt., VA, United States; NOAA National Ocean Service, Silver Spring, MD, United States; Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory at Columbia University, Palisades, NY, United States; Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan; NATO Undersea Research Centre, La Spezia, Italy; Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, 18119 Warnemünde, Germany; Australian Antarctic Division, Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, 203 Channel Hwy, Kingston, TAS 7050, Australia	Peloquin, J., Environmental Physics Group, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, Switzerland; Swan, C., Environmental Physics Group, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, Switzerland; Gruber, N., Environmental Physics Group, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, Switzerland; Vogt, M., Environmental Physics Group, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, Switzerland; Claustre, H., Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, UMR7093, CNRS, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR7093, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France; Ras, J., Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, UMR7093, CNRS, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR7093, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France; Uitz, J., Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, UMR7093, CNRS, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR7093, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France; Barlow, R., Bayworld Centre for Research and Education, Rogge Bay 8012, Cape Town, South Africa, Marine Research Institute, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, Cape Town, South Africa; Behrenfeld, M., Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; Bidigare, R., Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States; Dierssen, H., Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, United States; Ditullio, G., Grice Marine Lab, College of Charleston, SC, United States; Fernandez, E., Departamento Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain; Gallienne, C., Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, United Kingdom; Gibb, S., Environmental Research Institute, University of the Highlands and Islands, United Kingdom; Goericke, R., Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States; Harding, L., University of Maryland Horn Point Laboratory, Cambridge, MD, United States; Head, E., Ecosystem Research Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS, Canada; Holligan, P., Ocean and Earth Science University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom; Hooker, S., NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States; Karl, D., Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States; Landry, M., Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States; Letelier, R., College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; Llewellyn, C.A., Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, United Kingdom; Lomas, M., Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, St. George's GE 01, Bermuda; Lucas, M., Marine Research Institute, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, Cape Town, South Africa; Mannino, A., NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States; Marty, J.-C., Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, UMR7093, CNRS, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR7093, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France; Mitchell, B.G., Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States; Muller-Karger, F., Institute for Marine Remote Sensing/IMaRS, College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, United States; Nelson, N., Earth Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States; O'Brien, C., Environmental Physics Group, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, Switzerland; Prezelin, B., Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States; Repeta, D., Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States; Smith Jr., W.O., Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Pt., VA, United States; Smythe-Wright, D., Ocean and Earth Science University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom; Stumpf, R., NOAA National Ocean Service, Silver Spring, MD, United States; Subramaniam, A., Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory at Columbia University, Palisades, NY, United States; Suzuki, K., Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan; Trees, C., NATO Undersea Research Centre, La Spezia, Italy; Vernet, M., Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States; Wasmund, N., Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, 18119 Warnemünde, Germany; Wright, S., Australian Antarctic Division, Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, 203 Channel Hwy, Kingston, TAS 7050, Australia	A global pigment database consisting of 35 634 pigment suites measured by high performance liquid chromatography was assembled in support of the MARine Ecosytem DATa (MAREDAT) initiative. These data originate from 136 field surveys within the global ocean, were solicited from investigators and databases, compiled, and then quality controlled. Nearly one quarter of the data originates from the Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), with an additional 17% and 19% stemming from the US JGOFS and LTER programs, respectively. The MAREDAT pigment database provides high quality measurements of the major taxonomic pigments including chlorophylls a and b, 19'-butanoyloxyfucoxanthin, 19'-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin, alloxanthin, divinyl chlorophyll a, fucoxanthin, lutein, peridinin, prasinoxanthin, violaxanthin and zeaxanthin, which may be used in varying combinations to estimate phytoplankton community composition. Quality control measures consisted of flagging samples that had a total chlorophyll a concentration of zero, had fewer than four reported accessory pigments, or exceeded two standard deviations of the log-linear regression of total chlorophyll a with total accessory pigment concentrations. We anticipate the MAREDAT pigment database to be of use in the marine ecology, remote sensing and ecological modeling communities, where it will support model validation and advance our global perspective on marine biodiversity. The original dataset together with quality control flags as well as the gridded MAREDAT pigment data may be downloaded from PANGAEA: http://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.793246. © 2013 Author(s).	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84905712547	Fractionation, mobility and multivariate statistical evaluation of metals in marine sediments of Cape Town harbour, South Africa	Okoro H.K., Fatoki O.S., Adekola F.A., Ximba B.J., Snyman R.G.	2014	Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability	26	3	10.3184/095422914X14038001068544	Environmental-Analytical Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, PO Box 1906, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa; Environmental-Analytical Research Laboratory, Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B.1515, Ilorin, Nigeria; Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Management, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, PO Box 652, Cape Town 8000, South Africa	Okoro, H.K., Environmental-Analytical Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, PO Box 1906, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa; Fatoki, O.S., Environmental-Analytical Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, PO Box 1906, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa; Adekola, F.A., Environmental-Analytical Research Laboratory, Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B.1515, Ilorin, Nigeria; Ximba, B.J., Environmental-Analytical Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, PO Box 1906, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa; Snyman, R.G., Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Management, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, PO Box 652, Cape Town 8000, South Africa	Distribution of possible chemical forms of Al, Si, Sn, Pb, Zn, Fe, Hg, Cd and Cu in marine sediments of Cape Town harbour was investigated using a modified Tessier's sequential extraction procedure and ICP-MS and ICP-AES for heavy metals determination. The mean fractions for all metals at all locations were: 1.5-7196mg kg-1 for Si, 7.79-7266mg kg-1 for Al, 161-639mg kg-1 for Cu, 19-41978mg kg-1 for Fe, 2.83-5864mg kg-1 for Zn, 1.45-13.26mg kg-1 for Cd, 9.87-223mg kg-1 for Sn, 11.98-979mg kg-1 for Pb and 0.13-5.93mg kg-1 for Hg. Si, Al and Zn were mostly associated with Fe-Mn oxides, whereas Sn and Hg were mainly bound to residual and organic matter. Pb existed mainly in the residual and iron/manganese oxide phases while Cd was evenly distributed in all the five phases. The loading plots of heavy metals bound to the various chemical forms, as well as Pearson correlation coefficients, enabled the determination binding relationship. Pb, Sn and Hg exhibited similar binding behaviour which indicated an anthropogenic point source from wastes from the ship maintenance workshop, and the presence of Sn in the organic phase can be identified with the use of anti-fouling paints at the harbour, whereas Al, Fe, Si, Cu and Zn would probably be of natural origin. Lastly Cd probably came from a diffuse pollution sources in the harbour due to its unique binding characteristic. The mobility of heavy metals varied depending on location and the heavy metal type. The mobility of metals followed the order: Si &gt; Zn &gt; Fe &gt; Cu&gt; Al&gt; Cd&gt; Pb &gt; Sn &gt; Hg. The high percentage of Cd and Pb in the bioavailable forms suggested the need to keep close surveillance on these metals because of their high toxicity.	Cape Town harbour; Heavy metals; Marine sediments; Mobility; Principal component analysis; Speciation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84928765425	The impact of climate change on net revenue and food adequacy of subsistence farming households in South Africa	Tibesigwa B., Visser M., Turpie J.	2014	Environment and Development Economics	20	3	10.1017/S1355770X14000540	Environmental-Economics Policy Research Unit, School of Economics, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa; Environmental-Economics Policy Research Unit, School of Economics, University of Cape Town, South Africa	Tibesigwa, B., Environmental-Economics Policy Research Unit, School of Economics, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa; Visser, M., Environmental-Economics Policy Research Unit, School of Economics, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Turpie, J., Environmental-Economics Policy Research Unit, School of Economics, University of Cape Town, South Africa	This paper examines the impact of climate change on poor households across South Africa who practise subsistence farming to supplement their household income and dietary requirements. We consider three production systems: specialized crops, livestock and mixed crop-livestock farming. In general, we find specialized crop farmers to be the most vulnerable, while mixed crop-livestock farmers appear to be least vulnerable, suggesting that crop-livestock diversification is a potential coping strategy among poor subsistence farming households. We observe qualitatively similar results when we use self-reported food adequacy as the outcome. Furthermore, predicted impact shows that the climatic changes will be mildly harmful at first but will grow over time and lead to a 151 per cent loss in net revenue by the year 2080. Interestingly, we observe that crop farmers receive higher revenue when land is owned by the household, while on the other hand, livestock farmers earn more revenue when the land is communal. Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000339242700008	Using Health Surveillance Systems Data to Assess the Impact of AIDS and Antiretroviral Treatment on Adult Morbidity and Mortality in Botswana	Boerma, Ties,Granich, Reuben,Korenromp, Eline,Lazenby, Mark,Letebele, Judith,Low-Beer, Daniel,Motlapele, Diemo,Stoneburner, Rand,Tassie, Jean-Michel	2014	PLOS ONE	9	7	10.1371/journal.pone.0100431	Erasmus University Rotterdam, World Health Organization, Yale University, Grad Inst Int & Dev Studies, Republ Botswana Minist Hlth, UNAIDS	"Lazenby, Mark: Yale University","Tassie, Jean-Michel: World Health Organization",	Introduction: Botswana's AIDS response included free antiretroviral treatment (ART) since 2002, achieving 80% coverage of persons with CD4&lt;350 cells/mu l by 2009-10. We explored impact on mortality and HIV prevalence, analyzing surveillance and civil registration data. Methods: Hospital natural cause admissions and deaths from the Health Statistics Unit (HSU) over 1990-2009, all-cause deaths from Midnight Bed Census (MNC) over 1990-2011, institutional and non-institutional deaths recorded in the Registry of Birth and Deaths (RBD) over 2003-2010, and antenatal sentinel surveillance (ANC) over 1992-2011 were compared to numbers of persons receiving ART. Mortality was adjusted for differential coverage and completeness of institutional and non-institutional deaths, and compared to WHO and UNAIDS Spectrum projections. Results: HSU deaths per 1000 admissions declined 49% in adults 15-64 years over 2003-2009. RBD mortality declined 44% (807 to 452/100,000 population in adults 15-64 years) over 2003-2010, similarly in males and females. Generally, death rates were higher in males; declines were greater and earlier in younger adults, and in females. In contrast, death rates in adults 65+, particularly females increased over 2003-2006. MNC all-age post-neonatal mortality declined 46% and 63% in primary and secondary level hospitals, over 2003-2011. We estimated RBD captured 80% of adult deaths over 2006-2011. Comparing empirical, completeness-adjusted deaths to Spectrum estimates, declines over 2003-2009 were similar overall (47% vs. 54%); however, Spectrum projected larger and earlier declines particularly in women. Following stabilization and modest decreases over 1998-2002, HIV prevalence in pregnant women 15-24 and 25-29-years declined by &gt;50% and &gt;30% through 2011, while continuing to increase in older women. Conclusions: Adult mortality in Botswana fell markedly as ART coverage increased. HIV prevalence declines may reflect ART-associated reductions in sexual transmission. Triangulation of surveillance system data offers a reasonable approach to evaluate impact of HIV/AIDS interventions, complementing cohort approaches that monitor individual-level health outcomes.	,COMMUNITY,DEATHS,HIV,IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION,INDIVIDUALS,NEW-YORK-CITY,PREVALENCE,SOUTH-AFRICA,SPECTRUM,THERAPY	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79958095011	Evaluating the impact of consumer behaviour on the performance of domestic solar water heating systems in South Africa	Ijumba P., Sebitosi A.B.	2010	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	21	1	None	Eskom, Megawatt Park, South Africa; Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Centre for Renewable and Sustainable Energy Studies, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	Ijumba, P., Eskom, Megawatt Park, South Africa, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Sebitosi, A.B., Centre for Renewable and Sustainable Energy Studies, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	South Africa experienced a rapid expansion in the electric power consumer base after 1994 that was not matched by corresponding investment in the country's generation capacity. By the dawn of 2008, the situation had reached a critical point, with regular countrywide blackouts and load shedding and is expected to persist for several years, before the proposed new base stations can come online. Currently, 92% of the country's electricity is generated in coal-based power stations and are responsible for the country's heavy carbon footprint. Additionally this power must crisscross the country to distant load centres via an aging transmission infrastructure and in the process massive amounts of energy are lost particularly during peak power demand. Electricity consumption in South African households accounts for approximately 35% of peak demand, with water heating constituting 40% of that. The country has abundant sunshine and solar water heating technology and offers one of the most viable compiementary solutions to the country's energy and environmental crises. Moreover the location of the systems at the consumer end means that the need to upgrade the transmission infrastructure can also be differed. Application of technology alone however, may not necessarily result in the required energy savings particularly in cases of uninformed consumer usage. In this paper the authors evaluate the impact of consumer behaviour on the performance of domestic solar water heaters in South Africa and suggest measures that could be taken to optimize this performance.	Consumer behaviour; Solar water heating; South Africa	None	None
WoS	WOS:000270372300005	Participatory forest management and its impacts on livelihoods and forest status: the case of Bonga forest in Ethiopia	Bekele, M.,Gobeze, T.,Kassa, H.,Lemenih, M.	2009	INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY REVIEW	11	3	None	Ethiopia Off, Wondo Genet Coll Forestry & Nat Resources	None	The forest resources in Ethiopia have suffered decades of mismanagement due mainly to loosely defined property relations over these resources. As one of the solutions, Participatory Forest Management (PFM) scheme was introduced during the early 1990s by some NGOs. Nearly two decades of experience now exists in the country. However systematic assessments of the performance of the scheme are scanty. This study reports the experience from Bonga PFM project, which is one of the oldest pilot sites. Forest inventory and socio-economic survey were conducted to collect data. The study was conducted during a transition from NGO - Community to State - Community based management of the PFM project. PFM is shown to have positive impacts both on the state of the forest and living condition of participant households at least within the project life time. Forest conditions such as seedling and sapling densities improved. PFM also (i) promoted awareness about forest, (ii) capacitated locals to form new institutional arrangement that increased their participation in forest management, helped to reduce open access and assisted a regulated forest use, and (iii) contributed towards social equity in terms of gender and minority ethnic groups. When accompanied with complementary non-forest based livelihood activities. PFM helped to diversify income sources, increase household income level, and build household assets. This reduced dependence of communities on forests for livelihoods. A challenge threatening the sustainability of the PFM program in Ethiopia is the weak government support for the scheme. PFM is still far from being mainstreamed in the forest management system of the country. Thus, it will be appropriate to assess how the PFM programs would perform few years after the support of the NGOs terminates.	"COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION",INCOME,livelihoods,NGOS,Regeneration	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34548636216	Girls' performance in mathematics in upper primary schools of Addis Ababa	Kassahun T., Kedir B.	2006	Indian Journal of Gender Studies	13	3	10.1177/097152150601300304	Ethiopian Civil Service College, Research and Publication Office, P.O. Box 5648, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; National Organisation for Examinations, Ministry of Education, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Kassahun, T., Ethiopian Civil Service College, Research and Publication Office, P.O. Box 5648, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Kedir, B., National Organisation for Examinations, Ministry of Education, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	This article was designed to make a comprehensive comparative analysis of mathematics achievement for females and males at the upper primary education level. It was also aimed at investigating the extent of association between females' maths achievement and school ownership, and probing into existing gender stereotypes among the minds of schoolchildren. To this end, the article has employed both objective and subjective data-gathering instruments. The instruments were applied to 309 boys and 302 girls drawn from 10 schools (five government and five non-government) on the basis of diversified sampling techniques. The results of data analyses revealed that mathematics achievement was strongly associated with student gender, and girls' achievement was significantly lower than that of boys'. However, girls' mathematics performance did not show significant difference in government and non-government schools. Further, it was evident that traditional stereotypes, which favour male dominance in mathematical ability, were still prevalent at a modest level in the schools studied. © 2006 Sage Publications.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84875858134	Evaluation of lactoperoxidase system as raw milk preservative at different storage temperature conditions in the central highlands of Ethiopia	Kassa F., Yilma Z., Assefa G., Bekele T., Gojam Y., Nebiyu R., Kassa B.	2013	Livestock Research for Rural Development	25	4	None	Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holetta Agricultural Research Center, P. O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Kassa, F., Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holetta Agricultural Research Center, P. O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Yilma, Z., Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holetta Agricultural Research Center, P. O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Assefa, G., Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holetta Agricultural Research Center, P. O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Bekele, T., Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holetta Agricultural Research Center, P. O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Gojam, Y., Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holetta Agricultural Research Center, P. O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Nebiyu, R., Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holetta Agricultural Research Center, P. O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Kassa, B., Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holetta Agricultural Research Center, P. O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Lactoperoxidase system (LPs) was evaluated at different storage temperature conditions as raw cows' milk preservative at Holetta Agricultural Research Center (On - Station) and at milk collection centers at Degem and Girar Jarso districts of Selale area (On - farm). The milk collected from research center and collection centers was either treated with LPs or untreated (control). For the on - Station trail, both LPs treated and untreated milk was kept at room temperature, in cold water, in incubator adjusted at 30°C and in refrigerator adjusted at 10°C. For the on - Farm trial LPs treated and untreated milk was kept at room temperature and in cold water. Alcohol and clot - On - Boiling tests were employed to detect milk deterioration. LPs treatment has resulted in increased milk shelf life. Its effect for both on - Station and on - Farm trials tended to be more efficient as storage temperature decreases. LPs treatment has extended milk shelf life by 6, 7.5, 12.5 and 74 hours, under storage temperature conditions of incubator (30°C), room temperature (22.5oC), cold water (20.0°C), and refrigerator (10oC) respectively as compared to LPs untreated milk. The results of on - station and on - farm trails showed that alcohol test detected milk deterioration earlier than clot - on - boiling test for both LPs treated and untreated milk samples. LPs can be applied to extend the shelf life of milk. This may possibly bring multiple advantages for smallholder dairy farmers in order to keep evening milk overnight without cooling facilities and to deliver it in the following morning at the collection centers.	Alcohol test; Clot-on-boiling test; LPs treatment; Shelf life	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904555990	Farmers' perceptions of the impacts of human-wildlife conflict on their livelihood and natural resource management efforts in Cheha Woreda of Guraghe Zone, Ethiopia	Mojo D., Rothschuh J., Alebachew M.	2014	Human-Wildlife Interactions	8	1	None	Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holetta Research Center, P.O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Mojo, D., Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holetta Research Center, P.O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Rothschuh, J., Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holetta Research Center, P.O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Alebachew, M., Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holetta Research Center, P.O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	There are several livelihood improvement and natural resource management campaigns being undertaken in Ethiopia. In Cheha Woreda District of Guraghe Zone, a research team from the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holetta Research Center, is undertaking a watershed-level intervention to improve sustainable land management practices among resident agrarian families. In 2011, a household survey was conducted to assess farmers' perceptions of human-wildlife conflicts (HWC) and the effects of these conflicts on land management in Cheha Woreda. One-hundred randomly selected households in the Cheha Woreda were asked to identify any wild or domestic animals that cause damage to their crops. Additionally, respondents were asked to gauge the extent of the damages; the direct and indirect social, economic, and environmental impacts; and the overall trends in the area's wildlife populations. In addition to the household survey, 3 focus group discussions were held to capture farmers' perceptions. The findings show that Grivet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops), crested porcupines (Hystrix cristata), apes (Papio spp.), antelopes (Gazella spp.), warthogs (Phacochoerus sp.), and wild pigs (Sus sp.) were the major crop raiders in the area, while spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta), foxes (Vulpes sp.), eagles (Accipitridae) and Ethiopian ratels or honey badgers (Mellivora capensis) were the most common livestock predators. More than 90% of the households reported that they faced damages to their property by these species. Additionally, about 55% of the respondents reported a high severity of crop damage, with monkeys alleged to be the greatest culprits. Respondents perceived that HWC have resulted in significant vegetation removal, shifts in crop production, food shortages, and poverty in the study area. Eighty-eight percent of farmers reported believing that wild animals significantly contributed to the shortages of food for their family. The farmers were aware of several locally used management options, which they suggested could be used to reduce the negative impacts of the conflicts. We conclude that HWC and farmers' perceptions of HWC in the Cheha Woreda have had and continue to have significant impacts on the social, economic, and environmental well-being of the area. Hence, different management options must be adopted to mediate the effects and minimize future conflicts.	Crop raiders; Ethiopia; Human-wildlife conflicts; Livelihood; Natural resources; Perception; Predators	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84918771116	The household economy approach. managing the impact of climate change on poverty and food security in developing countries	Seaman J.A., Sawdon G.E., Acidri J., Petty C.	2014	Climate Risk Management	4	None	10.1016/j.crm.2014.10.001	Evidence for Development, South Bank House, Black Prince Rd., London, United Kingdom; Dept. Of Geography, King's College, London, United Kingdom; 932, Vicker Court, Kelowna, Canada; Plot 209, Ndiwulira Road, Kiira Town Council, Kampala, Uganda; 15, First Avenue, London, United Kingdom	Seaman, J.A., Evidence for Development, South Bank House, Black Prince Rd., London, United Kingdom, Dept. Of Geography, King's College, London, United Kingdom; Sawdon, G.E., Evidence for Development, South Bank House, Black Prince Rd., London, United Kingdom, 932, Vicker Court, Kelowna, Canada; Acidri, J., Evidence for Development, South Bank House, Black Prince Rd., London, United Kingdom, Plot 209, Ndiwulira Road, Kiira Town Council, Kampala, Uganda; Petty, C., Evidence for Development, South Bank House, Black Prince Rd., London, United Kingdom, Dept. Of Geography, King's College, London, United Kingdom, 15, First Avenue, London, United Kingdom	Climate change is expected to have severe effects on the populations of developing countries because many of these depend heavily on agriculture for income, have large impoverished rural populations which rely on agriculture for subsistence, and are financially and technically least equipped to adapt to changing conditions. Planning to target measures to support adaptation to reduce the impact of climate change on poverty and food insecurity requires methods of identifying vulnerable households. This paper describes an established approach to vulnerability assessment, the 'Household Economy Approach' (HEA) and its potential application to the management of climate change in developing countries. The HEA is widely used by Governments and others, chiefly in Africa, for the assessment of household vulnerability to poverty and food security. HEA uses a model based on Amartya Sen's entitlement theory and detailed social and economic data to simulate the impact of weather related, price, policy and other shocks on household income and food access, to provide information for decision making. In developing countries climate change will be experienced in terms of increased climate variability and an increased frequency of extreme events. HEA provides a way of managing the effects of year to year shocks to prevent impoverishment and the erosion of household resilience. It also provides the information needed to develop scenarios to support the design of policies to support longer term adaptation. HEA data has already been collected for large areas of Africa. © 2014 The Authors.	Climate change; Food security; Livelihoods; Poverty; Vulnerability assessment	None	None
WoS	WOS:000344519500001	Evaluation of a Communication Campaign To Improve Continuation Among First-Time Injectable Contraceptive Users in Nyando District, Kenya	Ambasa-Shisanya, Constance,Burke, Holly McClain	2014	INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH	40	2	10.1363/4005614	Exceed Consultancy Serv	None	CONTEXT: Communication campaigns might be a viable means of improving contraceptive continuation; however, few such interventions aimed at reducing contraceptive discontinuation have been evaluated. METHODS: Data were collected from independent samples of new injectable users in Nyando District, Kenya site of a communication campaign to increase contraceptive continuation and in a comparison district, nine months before and nine months after intervention implementation. Survival analysis was used to compare the intervention and comparison groups with respect to the distribution of time until first discontinuation of modern method use among women still in need of family planning. RESULTS: Exposure to family planning information was high in both the treatment and the comparison district before (97% and 85%, respectively) and after the intervention (99% and 78%). Postintervention, 5% of women in the comparison district discontinued by 98 days, 8% by 196 days and 23% by 294 days; the proportions in the treatment district were 4%, 6% and 16%, respectively. No significant difference between the districts was found in the nine-month postintervention contraceptive continuation rates. Having method-related side effects or health concerns was the reason most consistently associated with discontinuation. Other factors associated with discontinuation differed between the districts. CONCLUSIONS: Addressing method-related side effects and health concerns will be critical in improving continuation of the injectable.	,"6 DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES","DEPOT-MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE",DETERMINANTS,DISCONTINUATION,QUALITY-OF-CARE,RATES,WOMEN	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77954291956	The impact of public sector financial management on the economies of sub-Saharan Africa	Nwezeaku N.C.	2010	International Research Journal of Finance and Economics	40	None	None	Financial Management Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerr, Imo Sate, Nigeria	Nwezeaku, N.C., Financial Management Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerr, Imo Sate, Nigeria	The economies of sub-Saharan Africa have been bedeviled by sustained underdevelopment evidenced by poor human development indices including, poor income distribution, low life expectancy rate, poverty, unemployment, debt burden and poor standard of living in spite of governments' effort to mitigate it. Against this background, this study sets out to investigate the relationship between Public Sector Financial Management (PSFM) and economic development with special reference to Nigeria and Ghana. The OLS procedure against annual data from 1980 through 2006 for the countries was employed to evaluate the general impact on the economies while the log-log model was employed to examine the incremental growth of the economies. Use is also made of the Gini index theory as a measure of the degree of inequality of income distribution. The global statistics indicate overall high explanatory powers of the model. The relative statistical results indicate a highly significant causality between (PSFM) and persistent economic underdevelopment. Management of inflation, government revenue, government expenditure and investment appear to have the greatest negative effects on the efforts of these governments especially that of Nigeria. It was suggested that sub-Saharan African economies should pay particular attention to the management of these variables to reverse the trend. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2010.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84871397956	Race and the anxieties of cultural obscurity: Meditations on blackness in South African performance and video art	Makhubu N.	2013	International Journal of Cultural Studies	16	1	10.1177/1367877912441432	Fine Art Department, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa	Makhubu, N., Fine Art Department, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa	The focus on politically circumscribed identities in South African visual arts during the first decade of the post-Apartheid era (1994-2004) illuminated key tensions in the process of transformation. The arts practice, in general, seemed to respond directly to social imbalances that were established through Apartheid and roused significant discussions around issues of power with regard to racial and gender identity constructions. Arguably, the 'second wave' after the first decade propagates a Post-Race sentiment. This article seeks to discuss issues around terms such as Post-Race and Post-Black. I use performance and video art (or new media) as indicative of a change in general perceptions about race, art and transformation in South African cultural practices. Although the term 'Post-Black' has not been used to define a specific South African movement or aesthetic, here I juxtapose it with the term 'Post-Race' to map out similarities in thought about Blackness in general. © The Author(s) 2012.	African; Black art; performance; Post-Black; race; transformation; video	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874697837	Comparison of economic impact of alternative constraint control measures in indigenous chicken production in Nyanza province, Kenya	Olwande P.O., Ogara W.O., Bebora L.C., Okuthe S.O.	2013	Livestock Research for Rural Development	25	2	None	Government of the Republic of Kenya, Ministry of Livestock Development, Department of Veterinary Services, P.O. Box 258-40222, Rachuonyo South District, Oyugis, Kenya; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, PHPT department, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Kangemi, Nairobi, Kenya; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Pathology department, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Kangemi, Nairobi, Kenya; FAO-E CTAD, Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases, eastern Africa, FAO, P.O. Box 25599-00100, Nairobi, Kenya	Olwande, P.O., Government of the Republic of Kenya, Ministry of Livestock Development, Department of Veterinary Services, P.O. Box 258-40222, Rachuonyo South District, Oyugis, Kenya; Ogara, W.O., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, PHPT department, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Kangemi, Nairobi, Kenya; Bebora, L.C., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Pathology department, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Kangemi, Nairobi, Kenya; Okuthe, S.O., FAO-E CTAD, Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases, eastern Africa, FAO, P.O. Box 25599-00100, Nairobi, Kenya	This study compared the costs and benefits of six alternative control measures on the indigenous chicken productivity constraints with an aim of identifying the most desirable mitigation measure; for improved productivity of the birds. The study was conducted in Migwa and Kagak villages in Kasipul division of Rachuonyo South district. The study first used rapid rural appraisal (RRA) tools as described by Chamber (1994); to prioritize the constraints limiting indigenous chicken production in the study area. A twelve month set of controlled intervention trials in 80 study households, were designed into six intervention and one control groups, was later carried out to test for effects of the mitigation measures on the prioritized constraints that were: diseases (Newcastle, Gumboro and fowl pox), predations (in chicks) and inadequate nutrition, in order of importance, respectively. Productivity parameters and rates that included clutch sizes and numbers, flock sizes and structures, mortality, hatchability and chick survival rates were monitored during the entire study period. The data was obtained by actual measurement, on spot observation, interview of household members directly responsible for the care of the indigenous chickens, community group discussions, post mortem examination on sick and fresh dead birds and laboratory sample analysis (from sick and dead birds). Benefits and costs analysis technique was then applied to identify the most desirable mitigation measures by comparing the net present values (NPVs) of the six alternative intervention approaches. The study identified integrated intervention, which included concurrent control, by vaccinations, of important indigenous chicken diseases (Newcastle, Gumboro and fowl pox), prevention of predations (especially in chicks by confinement) and improvement of the birds' nutrition by consistently providing maize grains and chicken left over supplementations; as the most appropriate and sustainable technology, for the improvement of productivity of the indigenous chickens.	Chick confinement; Grain supplementations; Indigenous chicken vaccinations	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-55249084212	Packaged foods, consumption pattern and impact on the environment in Zaria, Nigeria	Odunze I.I., Mohammed A.Z., Ike E., Onuigbo P.E., Shuaibu-Imodagbe E.M.	2008	Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment	6	04-Mar	None	Home and Rural Economics, Samaru College of Agriculture/Division of Agricultural Colleges (DAC), Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Department of Vocational and Technical Education, Faculty of Education, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Sama	Odunze, I.I., Home and Rural Economics, Samaru College of Agriculture/Division of Agricultural Colleges (DAC), Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Mohammed, A.Z., Department of Vocational and Technical Education, Faculty of Education, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Ike, E., Department of Vocational and Technical Education, Faculty of Education, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Onuigbo, P.E., Department of Vocational and Technical Education, Faculty of Education, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Shuaibu-Imodagbe, E.M., Samaru College of Agriculture/DAC, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria	Packaged foods, consumption pattern and impact on the environment was studied in Zaria, Nigeria (Long. 7°30'-7°50'E and Lat. 11°00'-11°50'N). Convenient (packaged) foods are easier to prepare, save time, easy to store, reduce wastage and makes the task of food preparation by housewives, workers and students easier. For example in urban homes, women simply do not have the time to spend in shop queues or cooking time for breakfast meals in particular. Therefore, the pre-packaged, pre-priced goods available even in supermarket shops are a tremendous time saving device; thus providing convenience to the household. This study therefore aims to determine food materials commonly preferred by consumers in Zaria area as convenience foods, consumers preferred food packaging materials and food packaging material more commonly seen littering the Zaria environment. The study was therefore conducted using survey method, and interviews were employed for the non-literates in the sample areas. Stratified sampling technique was used to sample population of the institutions and business sector in Zaria. Data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance [ANOVA] procedure for means, standard deviations and tests of significance at P>0.05. Results showed that among reasons adduced by respondents for patronizing packaged food products include convenience, cost, quantity and disposability. Convenience (28.2%) was rated highest as reason for patronizing packaged food products, and consumers' prefer plastic food packaging materials to metal, glass or paper. Attributes that least influenced consumers' choice of package food products patronized in Zaria include colour (6.0%) and physical shape of the package (5.7%). This would suggest that food products that are well protected and the package can be re-used/recycled and have acceptable nutritional information clearly written on the package and the ease with which the packaging can be opened are attributes mostly driving packaged food products patronage in Zaria. However, consumers' food pattern is tilting towards packaged food product in Zaria and calls for further governmental quality control measures to promote consumers good health. Plastic waste food packaging materials do not degrade easily in the environment and constitute risk to health and environmental beauty.	Consumption; Environment; Food; Packaging; Zaria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904554720	Operations monitoring software for reliability and safety	Van De Groenendaal H.	2014	EngineerIT	None	JULY	None	Honeywell SA, South Africa	Van De Groenendaal, H., Honeywell SA, South Africa	Hans van de Groenendaal, features editor, EngineerIT, reviews a Honeywell Process Solutions White Paper. The paper describes the implementation of an effective operations monitoring solution for process industry facilities. New software tools are available for systematically monitoring plant performance data and analysing deviations from operating plans, enabling plant managers and operations personnel to better track plant performance against targets and identify problem areas.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77952930626	Wine science in the omics era: The impact of systems biology on the future of wine research	Rossouw D., Bauer F.F.	2009	South African Journal of Enology and Viticulture	30	2	None	Institute for Wine Biotechnology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Rossouw, D., Institute for Wine Biotechnology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Bauer, F.F., Institute for Wine Biotechnology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Industrial wine making confronts viticulturalists, wine makers, process engineers and scientists alike with a bewildering array of independent and semi-independent parameters that can in many cases only be optimized by trial and error. Furthermore, as most parameters are outside of individual control, predictability and consistency of the end product remain difficult to achieve. The traditional wine sciences of viticulture and oenology have been accumulating data sets and generating knowledge and know-how that has resulted in a significant optimization of the vine growing and wine making processes. However, much of these processes remain based on empirical and even anecdotal evidence, and only a small part of all the interactions and cause-effect relationships between individual input and output parameters is scientifically well understood. Indeed, the complexity of the process has prevented a deeper understanding of such interactions and causal relationships. New technologies and methods in the biological and chemical sciences, combined with improved tools of multivariate data analysis, open new opportunities to assess the entire vine growing and wine making process from a more holistic perspective. This review outlines the current efforts to use the tools of systems biology in particular to better understand complex industrial processes such as wine making.	Metabolomics; Proteomics; Systems biology; Transcriptomics; Wine; Yeast	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84882932531	Use of APSDM and EM_press inversion to impact evaluation of a west africa deepwater discovery	Zhang M., Lazaratos S., Yu Y., Lee J.J., Boorman S., Anderson K., Illo O.	2009	SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts	28	1	None	ExxonMobil Exploration Company, Houston, United States; ExxonMobil Production Deutschland GmbH, United States; ExxonMobil Development Company, United States; Esso Exploration and Production Nigeria Deepwater West Limited, Nigeria	Zhang, M., ExxonMobil Exploration Company, Houston, United States; Lazaratos, S., ExxonMobil Exploration Company, Houston, United States; Yu, Y., ExxonMobil Production Deutschland GmbH, United States; Lee, J.J., ExxonMobil Development Company, United States; Boorman, S., ExxonMobil Development Company, United States; Anderson, K., ExxonMobil Development Company, United States; Illo, O., Esso Exploration and Production Nigeria Deepwater West Limited, Nigeria	Summary: In this paper we discuss the impact of APSDM and EM_PreSS inversion technology on the evaluation of a West Africa deepwater field. The field is located in an ExxonMobil operated block. The trap was defined as a distributary channel complex (DCC) on the flank of a faulted anticline. The hydrocarbon bearing sands have a class III AVO response for gas and a class III or II AVO response for oil. An exploration well and its side track discovered multiple oil reservoirs in Miocene sands. Using pre-stack time migrated (PSTM) data, dual fluid contacts were observed and interpreted for multiple reservoirs in several fault blocks. In general, oil-water-contacts (OWC's) observed on the PSTM data conform better to the depth structure maps than the gas-oil-contacts (GOC's). The GOC's are inconsistent across the fault blocks. The imaging of the GOC's was improved by anisotropic pre-stack depth migration (APSDM) and further sharpened by additional EM_PreSS inversion processing. An appraisal well and its side track confirmed the GOC determined from seismic interpretation. Use of the APSDM and EM_PreSS inversion favorably impacted business decisions during field appraisal and development planning, increasing our confidence to pursue development without drilling more appraisal wells.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33744498080	Impact of crude oil on the performance of pararubber, Hevea brasiliensis (Kunth) Muell in Delta State, Nigeria	Agbogidi M.O., Onosode A.T., Ofuoku A.U.	2006	European Journal of Scientific Research	13	2	None	Faculty of Agriculture, Delta State University, Department of Forestry and Wildlife, Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria; Faculty of Agriculture, Delta State University, Asaba Campus, Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria	Agbogidi, M.O., Faculty of Agriculture, Delta State University, Department of Forestry and Wildlife, Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria; Onosode, A.T., Faculty of Agriculture, Delta State University, Department of Forestry and Wildlife, Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria; Ofuoku, A.U., Faculty of Agriculture, Delta State University, Asaba Campus, Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria	An investigation on the impact of crude oil on the performance of paraubber, Hevea brasiliensis (Kunth) Muell was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Forestry and Wildlife, Delta State University, Asaba Campus. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five treatments (0%, 1%, 2%, 4% and 8%) replicated thrice. Data collected were percentage germination, plant height, number of leaves, collar girth and leaf area. The results indicated a significant (P<0.05) higher percentage germination, plant height, number of leaves, collar girth and leaf area in the unpolluted (control) soil compared with those sown in crude oil treated soils. The highest values for the plant characters were obtained in soils without crude oil while the least values were recorded in soils treated with 4% crude oil. No germination occurred in pararubber seeds sown in soils treated with 8% of the oil. The study indicates that the performance of pararubber was significantly affected in the presence of crude oil. The effects being proportional to the concentration of the oil applied. The study further suggests that pararubber can serve as bio-indicator of oil pollution in oil producing areas of the Niger Delta. Pararubber can therefore be recommended for a long-term bio-remediation after crude oil spillage on land because the study has important implications for restoration of crude oil degraded areas of the Niger Delta. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2006.	Crude oil; Delta State; Impact; Pararubber	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34547246322	The impact of emotional intelligence on human modeling therapy given to a youth with bipolar disorder	Maree J.G., Finestone M.	2007	International Journal of Adolescence and Youth	13	3	None	Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa	Maree, J.G., Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa; Finestone, M., Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa	This article deals with the impact of emotional intelligence on human modeling therapy that is used as a point of departure. Human modeling therapy is a creative therapeutic technique during which something new is created from material that already exists. The possible relationship between emotional intelligence and creativity made human modeling and creativity a suitable form of therapy for the purposes of this study. The BarOn EQ-i: YV™ was used as a measuring instrument to determine the emotional intelligence of the youth in this study. © 2007 A B Academic Publishers.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84944736707	Play as an Aesthetic Discourse in African Cultural Performances	C. Chinyowa K.	2015	Contemporary Theatre Review	25	4	10.1080/10486801.2015.1078320	Faculty of Arts, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa	C. Chinyowa, K., Faculty of Arts, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa	Although much has been written about African cultural performances either as anthropological material or as oral literature, not much has been done to interrogate the artistic form that frames these cultural texts. Admittedly, African oral literature has made significant strides towards the understanding of the cultural performance texts but the major shortcoming has been the tendency to view these performances from a utilitarian rather than an aesthetic point of view. For instance, most of the scholarship on African oral literature is more concerned about what Joel Yinka Adedeji termed the 'functional quality' of the cultural performances than the means by which they come to be realised. This paper argues that play is the means by which African cultural performances express themselves. The paper explores how play manifests itself in selected Shona cultural performances such as children's games, storytelling, ritual ceremony, song, and dance. The paper argues that play is the structuring or patterning element in African cultural performances. In other words, African cultural performances are carried out within an aesthetic frame that is circumscribed by play. © 2014 Taylor & Francis.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947078987	Workers' remittances, one of the reliable souces of capital inflows to Ethiopia - Its performance analysis towards shaping the economic growth	Ghosal S.	2015	Journal of Interdisciplinary and Multidisciplinary Research	2	6	None	Faculty of Business and Economics, Assosa University, Ethiopia	Ghosal, S., Faculty of Business and Economics, Assosa University, Ethiopia	The internationally migrant workers' income share sent back to home country from the country of employment constitutes a vital portion of capital flows to the home country with multidimensional macroeconomic impacts on the economy. Moreover, Workers' remittances have gained an extraordinary importance in developing countries like Ethiopia. This paper attempts to analyze the role of the workers' remittance as a key component among other capital flows to a country in general and Ethiopia in particular. Further, positive impact of workers' remittances on economic growth in Ethiopia has been examined with the empirical evidences and certain drawbacks in transmission system found which needs rectification by interference of Government's new policy adoption.	Capital flows; Economic growth; Gross domestic product; Migration; Remittances	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79954994398	The e-Government evaluation challenge: A South African Batho Pele-aligned service quality approach	Kaisara G., Pather S.	2011	Government Information Quarterly	28	2	10.1016/j.giq.2010.07.008	Faculty of Business, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa; Faculty of Informatics and Design, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa	Kaisara, G., Faculty of Business, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa; Pather, S., Faculty of Informatics and Design, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa	Over the past decade, governments have embarked on major Information and Communication Technology (ICT) investments in an attempt to take advantage of the benefits of the internet in extending the channels by which services are provided to their respective citizenries. With the increasing reliance on ICTs, one of the challenges facing public sector managers is how to evaluate the success or effectiveness of their ICT investments. Given the citizen-focused objectives of governments, service quality approaches offer a suitable frame for evaluating ICT effectiveness. This paper therefore extends current e-Service quality research into the e-Government domain. The paper reports on the development of a multi-item instrument for evaluating the e-Service quality constructs of an e-Government website in South Africa. The development of this instrument also takes into account the service delivery principles which have been adopted by the South African government viz. the Batho Pele program. The study shows that there are six service quality dimensions applicable in e-Government evaluation, viz. website design, navigation, communication, site aesthetics, information quality, and security. The generic instrument allows practitioners to modify and utilise it according to their needs. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.	Batho Pele; E-Government; ICT; Information Systems; Internet; Service quality; South Africa; Website evaluation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84866993997	Climate change impacts on river basin and freshwater ecosystems: Some observations on challenges and emerging solutions	Ostfeld A., Barchiesi S., Bonte M., Collier C.R., Cross K., Darch G., Farrell T.A., Smith M., Vicory A., Weyand M., Wright J.	2012	Journal of Water and Climate Change	3	3	10.2166/wcc.2012.006	Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel; Global Environmental Flows Network (eFlowNet), Gland 1196, Switzerland; KWR Watercycle Research Institute, Nieuwegein, Netherlands; Delaware River Basin Commission, West Trenton, NJ, United States; Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Office (ESARO), International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Global Environmental Flows Network (eFlowNet), Nairobi 00200, Kenya; Climate Change and Environmental Futures, Water and Environment, ATKINS, Broadoak, Southgate Park, Bakewell Road, Orton Southgate, Peterborough PE2 6YS, United Kingdom; Freshwater Initiative, Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Arlington, VA 22202, United States; Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission (ORSANCO), 5735 Kellogg Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45230, United States; Department of River Basin Management, Ruhrverband, Kronprinzenstr. 37, 45128 Essen, Germany; Environment Agency, Dragonfly House, 2 Gilders Way, Norwich NR3 1UB, United Kingdom	Ostfeld, A., Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel; Barchiesi, S., Global Environmental Flows Network (eFlowNet), Gland 1196, Switzerland; Bonte, M., KWR Watercycle Research Institute, Nieuwegein, Netherlands; Collier, C.R., Delaware River Basin Commission, West Trenton, NJ, United States; Cross, K., Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Office (ESARO), International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Global Environmental Flows Network (eFlowNet), Nairobi 00200, Kenya; Darch, G., Climate Change and Environmental Futures, Water and Environment, ATKINS, Broadoak, Southgate Park, Bakewell Road, Orton Southgate, Peterborough PE2 6YS, United Kingdom; Farrell, T.A., Freshwater Initiative, Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Arlington, VA 22202, United States; Smith, M.; Vicory, A., Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission (ORSANCO), 5735 Kellogg Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45230, United States; Weyand, M., Department of River Basin Management, Ruhrverband, Kronprinzenstr. 37, 45128 Essen, Germany; Wright, J., Environment Agency, Dragonfly House, 2 Gilders Way, Norwich NR3 1UB, United Kingdom	Despite uncertainty pertaining to methods, assumptions and input data of climate change models, most models point towards a trend of an increasing frequency of flooding and drought events. How these changes reflect water management decisions and what can be done to minimize climate change impacts remains unclear. This paper summarizes and extends the workshop outcomes on 'Climate Change Impacts on Watershed Management: Challenges and Emerging Solutions' held at the IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition, Montréal, 2010, hosted by the IWA Watershed and River Basin Management Specialist Group. The paper discusses climate change impacts on water management of freshwater ecosystems and river basins, and illustrates these with three case studies. It is demonstrated through the case studies that engagement of relevant stakeholders is needed early in the process of building environmental flows and climate change decision-making tools, to result in greater buy-in to decisions made, create new partnerships, and help build stronger water management institutions. New alliances are then created between water managers, policy makers, community members, and scientists. This has been highlighted by the demonstration of the Pangani integrated environmental flow assessment, through the Okavango River Basin case study, and in the more participatory governance approach proposed for the Delaware River Basin. © IWA Publishing 2012.	Climate change; Environmental flows; Management; Modeling; River basin; Water resources	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894627139	Remotely sensed monitoring of small reservoir dynamics: A Bayesian approach	Eilander D., Annor F.O., Iannini L., van de Giesen N.	2014	Remote Sensing	6	2	10.3390/rs6021191	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, Netherlands; Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Eilander, D., Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, Netherlands; Annor, F.O., Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, Netherlands, Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Iannini, L., Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, Netherlands; van de Giesen, N., Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, Netherlands	Multipurpose small reservoirs are important for livelihoods in rural semi-arid regions. To manage and plan these reservoirs and to assess their hydrological impact at a river basin scale, it is important to monitor their water storage dynamics. This paper introduces a Bayesian approach for monitoring small reservoirs with radar satellite images. The newly developed growing Bayesian classifier has a high degree of automation, can readily be extended with auxiliary information and reduces the confusion error to the land-water boundary pixels. A case study has been performed in the Upper East Region of Ghana, based on Radarsat-2 data from November 2012 until April 2013. Results show that the growing Bayesian classifier can deal with the spatial and temporal variability in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) backscatter intensities from small reservoirs. Due to its ability to incorporate auxiliary information, the algorithm is able to delineate open water from SAR imagery with a low land-water contrast in the case of wind-induced Bragg scattering or limited vegetation on the land surrounding a small reservoir. © 2014 by the authors.	Backscatter analysis; Delineation; Image classification; Naive bayesian classification; Polarimetry; Remote sensing; SAR; Semi arid; Small reservoir	None	ESA, European Space Agency
Scopus	2-s2.0-84927716182	The impact of a faculty development programme for health professions educators in sub-Saharan Africa: An archival study	Frantz J.M., Bezuidenhout J., Burch V.C., Mthembu S., Rowe M., Tan C., Van Wyk J., Van Heerden B.	2015	BMC Medical Education	15	1	10.1186/s12909-015-0320-7	Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa; Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa; KwaZulu-Natal College of Nursing, Pietermaritzburg KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa; Medical Education and Research Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	Frantz, J.M., Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa; Bezuidenhout, J., Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa; Burch, V.C., Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa; Mthembu, S., KwaZulu-Natal College of Nursing, Pietermaritzburg KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa; Rowe, M., Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa; Tan, C., Medical Education and Research Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Van Wyk, J., College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Van Heerden, B., Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa	Background: In 2008 the sub-Saharan FAIMER Regional Institute launched a faculty development programme aimed at enhancing the academic and research capacity of health professions educators working in sub-Saharan Africa. This two-year programme, a combination of residential and distance learning activities, focuses on developing the leadership, project management and programme evaluation skills of participants as well as teaching the key principles of health professions education-curriculum design, teaching and learning and assessment. Participants also gain first-hand research experience by designing and conducting an education innovation project in their home institutions. This study was conducted to determine the perceptions of participants regarding the personal and professional impact of the SAFRI programme. Methods: A retrospective document review, which included data about fellows who completed the programme between 2008 and 2011, was performed. Data included fellows' descriptions of their expectations, reflections on achievements and information shared on an online discussion forum. Data were analysed using Kirkpatrick's evaluation framework. Results: Participants (n=61) came from 10 African countries and included a wide range of health professions educators. Five key themes about the impact of the SAFRI programme were identified: (1) belonging to a community of practice, (2) personal development, (3) professional development, (4) capacity development, and (5) tools/strategies for project management and/or advancement. Conclusion: The SAFRI programme has a positive developmental impact on both participants and their respective institutions. © 2015 Frantz et al.; licensee BioMed Central.	Evaluation; Faculty development; Kirkpatrick framework	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84961194975	Logging ban policy and its impact on international trade in forest products: The case of Thailand	Sulaiman C., Abdul-Rahim A.S.	2015	International Journal of Green Economics	9	04-Mar	10.1504/IJGE.2015.075195	Faculty of Economics and Management, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Economics, Bauchi State University Gadau, Bauchi State, Nigeria	Sulaiman, C., Faculty of Economics and Management, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Department of Economics, Bauchi State University Gadau, Bauchi State, Nigeria; Abdul-Rahim, A.S., Faculty of Economics and Management, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia	In 1989, unnecessary logging activities triggered huge landslides in Thailand that led to the loss of 373 human lives and properties worth millions of baht. Consequently, Thailand's authorities officially imposed a logging ban to forestall the future reoccurrence of a similar disaster. Using a J-curve hypothesis, this paper examined the impact of the logging ban on Thailand's forest product trade balances. To achieve the objective, an autoregressive distributed lag approach to cointegration was applied to estimate the results using data from 1971 to 2010. The results revealed that the policy has had a negative effect on product trade balances in the short-run and the long-run. In addition, domestic income, foreign income and the exchange rate were found to significantly influence product trade balance variations. The J-curve effect was non-existent for all of the sampled products. As such, policies that will both safeguard the environment and ensure economic growth are recommended. © Copyright 2015 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	ARDL approach; J-curve hypothesis; Logging ban; Trade balance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955987155	The nature, extent and impact of the brain drain in Zimbabwe and South Africa [La nature, l'étendue et l'impact de la fuite des cerveaux au zimbabwe et en afrique du sud]	Gwaradzimba E., Shumba A.	2010	Acta Academica	42	1	None	Faculty of Education, Africa University, Mutare, Zimbabwe; Dept of Teacher Education, Faculty of Humanities, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, Bloemfontein,9330, South Africa	Gwaradzimba, E., Faculty of Education, Africa University, Mutare, Zimbabwe; Shumba, A., Dept of Teacher Education, Faculty of Humanities, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, Bloemfontein,9330, South Africa	Brain drain is regarded as one of the greatest threats to socio-economic development in Africa. The need to reverse brain drain and reposition Africa in the twenty-first century cannot be overemphasised. The current situation in African countries demands that Africa should embark on a radical project to redeem itself from poverty, underdevelopment, disease, and hunger. This article examines the nature, extent and impact of the brain drain in Zimbabwe and South Africa. The problem of brain drain is urgent and merits high-level attention by African governments. © UV/UFS.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77949876567	Attitude of academic staff in Nigerian tertiary educational institutions to student evaluation of instruction (SEI): A case study of Cross River State University	Idaka I.I., Joshua M.T.	2009	Educational Research and Reviews	4	10	None	Faculty of Education, Cross River University of Technology, Akamkpa Campus, CRS, Nigeria; Faculty of Education, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria	Idaka, I.I., Faculty of Education, Cross River University of Technology, Akamkpa Campus, CRS, Nigeria; Joshua, M.T., Faculty of Education, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria	This study was designed to assess the attitude of academic staff in Nigerian tertiary educational institutions to student evaluation of instruction (SEI) and to find out the variable factors that influenced the expressed attitude of members of the academic staff, using Cross River State University as a case study. The study was a survey and so a questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. Academic staff in Cross River State University was sampled for the study, using a proportional stratified and simple random technique to select 600 academic staff that took part in the study. Four hypotheses were tested using t-test and ANOVA. The findings were as follows: (i) Cross River State University academic staff displayed a significantly positive attitude to SEI, irrespective of the purposes to be served by the evaluation; although the attitude was more positive under formative than summative purposes; (ii) staff of the Faculties of Education and Arts displayed a significantly more positive attitude than staff from Science-based disciplines. It was concluded that Cross River State University academic staff are the same as their counterparts abroad where faculty evaluation in general and SEI in particular have become part of the school system. It was therefore, recommended that faculty evaluation should be introduced in our tertiary institutions as a way of enhancing the quality of teaching at that level of our education. © 2009 Academic Journals.	Attitude; Faculty evaluation; Instructional effectiveness; Instructor evaluation; Quality teaching; Student evaluation of instruction	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-65549152351	Parent-community involvement in school governance and its effects on teacher effectiveness and improvement of learner performance: A study of selected primary and secondary schools in Botswana	Nana Adu-Pipim Boaduo F.R.C., Milondzo K.S., Adjei A.	2009	Educational Research and Reviews	4	3	None	Faculty of Education, Department of Curriculum Studies, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Department of Curriculum Studies, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Department of Geography, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Nana Adu-Pipim Boaduo, F.R.C., Faculty of Education, Department of Curriculum Studies, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Milondzo, K.S., Department of Curriculum Studies, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Adjei, A., Department of Geography, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Bloemfontein, South Africa	This study surveyed 45 selected primary and secondary schools in Botswana which aimed to identify how parent and community involvement in the governance of schools affect teacher effectiveness and improvement of learner performance. The study started from January 2005 to December 2006. Literature review, administration of questionnaires, interview schedules and local conferencing at the chiefs' palaces (kgotla) and in churches were used to gather data. The conclusion that could be drawn is that in schools where parents and community involvement is visible, teachers are highly effective and this contributes to learners' positive behaviour and improvement in their performance. © 2009 Academic Journals.	Governance of schools; Improvement; Learner performance; Parent-community involvement; Teacher effectiveness	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84869750813	Multilingual teachers' voices: Perceptions about the impact of language	Webb L.	2012	Education as Change	16	2	10.1080/16823206.2012.745752	Faculty of Education, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa	Webb, L., Faculty of Education, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa	Many teachers in South Africa teach mainly in English, which is not their home language. In order to elicit their inner voices about language issues, 176 senior phase teachers in rural, peri-urban and urban regions of the Eastern Cape were encouraged to write poetry about their perceptions of the impact of language in their lives. The most prevalent conflict they expressed was the dominance of English juxtaposed against the subordination of their home languages, either isiXhosa or Afrikaans. They felt that English gave them access to education and upward employment mobility, whereas they were excluded from various discourses when they used their home languages. The use of poetry to understand how teachers make meaning of the potential conflicts caused by teaching in English revealed feelings and emotions that may not have been as obvious, or as evocative, if other data-gathering methods had been used. Further research is suggested strategies that could use both English and the pupils' home languages as a resource in multilingual classrooms. © 2012 Copyright The University of Johannesburg.	access; language; multilingual; perceptions; poetry; power	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-82255177066	Relationship between physical fitness and academic performance in South African children	du Toit D., Pienaar A.E., Truter L.	2011	South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation	33	3	None	Faculty of Education, Potchefstroom Campus North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2530, South Africa; Faculty of Health Sciences, Potchefstroom Campus NorthWest University, Potchefstroom, South Africa	du Toit, D., Faculty of Education, Potchefstroom Campus North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2530, South Africa; Pienaar, A.E., Faculty of Health Sciences, Potchefstroom Campus NorthWest University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Truter, L., Faculty of Health Sciences, Potchefstroom Campus NorthWest University, Potchefstroom, South Africa	The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between physical fitness and academic achievement in an urban South African group of primary school children. A one-way cross-sectional design was used to assess physical fitness of children 9 to12 years (N=212) by means of the Fitnessgram, the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency II, percentage body fat and Body Mass Index (BMI). Average end-of-the-year academic marks served as measurement of academic achievement. Relationships between the variables were determined by Spearman correlation coefficients and effect sizes, and a stepwise discriminant analysis. The results show a significant correlation between total strength scores and academic performance in the total group and between several fitness variables and academic performance in the female group. Significant correlations were found between specific strength tests and academic performance among older boys (12 years) and older girls (11 & 12 years). Several fitness parameters discriminated between high and low academic achievers. A positive relationship between physical fitness components and academic achievement was found with more significant correlations among girls than boys, as well as among older boys and girls.	Academic achievement; Children; Obesity; Physical fitness	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33847110281	Comparative effects of expository and inquiry instructions on secondary school student's performance in social studies	Iyamu E.O.S., Ukadike J.O.	2007	European Journal of Scientific Research	16	2	None	Faculty of Education, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; College of Education, Agbor, Nigeria	Iyamu, E.O.S., Faculty of Education, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Ukadike, J.O., College of Education, Agbor, Nigeria	This study was motivated by the continuous quest for the improvement of social studies instruction in Nigerian schools. It sought to find out the relative effectiveness of expository and inquiry methods of teaching social studies using a quasi experimental design. It compared the performances of 80 and 85 social studies students taught with expository and inquiry methods respectively. After six weeks of instruction, a 50-item. multiple-choice test with a reliability coefficient of 0.74 was administered on the subjects and the t-test used to analyze their scores. It was found that students taught with inquiry method performed better and also demonstrated higher retention than those taught with expository method. The study therefore recommended large scale use of inquiry method by social studies teachers as against the prevailing predominance of expository methods as a veritable means of achieving the objectives of social studiesin Nigerian schools. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2005.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939651687	The impact of education in shaping lives: Reflections of young people with disabilities in Ghana	Singal N., Mahama Salifu E., Iddrisu K., Casely-Hayford L., Lundebye H.	2015	International Journal of Inclusive Education	19	9	10.1080/13603116.2015.1018343	Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Assoc. for Change (AfC), Accra-North, Ghana	Singal, N., Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Mahama Salifu, E., Assoc. for Change (AfC), Accra-North, Ghana; Iddrisu, K., Assoc. for Change (AfC), Accra-North, Ghana; Casely-Hayford, L., Assoc. for Change (AfC), Accra-North, Ghana; Lundebye, H., Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom	There is increasing recognition of the importance of focusing on people with disabilities (PWDs) in international efforts aimed at poverty alleviation. While universal education has been central to these efforts, the specific and additional needs of children with disabilities are often overlooked in policies and programmes. In order to gain a nuanced appreciation of the lives of young PWDs in a Ghanaian context, this paper draws on research conducted with young PWDs and their significant others in order to understand their educational journeys, employment prospects and perceptions towards disability of those around them. In addition to collecting primary data, the latest policy documents related to disability, education and employment are reviewed and statistical analysis is undertaken based on the Housing and Population Census 2010. Our research highlights the barriers facing those with disability in accessing quality education. While education was recognised as paramount to leading a better life and participants noted benefits beyond employment such as gaining self-sufficiency and social benefits, unequal educational opportunities underpin some of the reasons for the widening of gaps between those with disabilities and their non-disabled counterparts. Furthermore, while education was perceived as important for gaining employment, this was not the case in reality, as young people faced difficulties due to both physical and attitudinal barriers limiting their opportunities for economic and social participation. The paper concludes by noting that systematic changes in the policy arena are needed to enable youth with disabilities to take their rightful place in mainstream society. © 2015 Taylor & Francis.	disability; education; employment; Ghana; poverty; youth	None	DFID, Department for International Development
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960765195	How Mapula fell through the cracks in her community school: A failing environment in a 'high-impact social setting'	Salmon L., Fourie J.	2011	Education as Change	14	SUPPL.1	10.1080/16823206.2010.517939	Faculty of Education, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa	Salmon, L., Faculty of Education, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa; Fourie, J., Faculty of Education, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa	As with other schools, there are many casualties on the road of the community school psychology movement in South Africa. This article presents the case of one young girl, Mapula, who may have been spared if school community psychology practice had been established in the inner city where she tried to get an education. The case study tells the story of her school's attempts to meet her educational needs and of her struggle. Mapula's condition deteriorated, parallel with the school's efforts to try and assist her. It urgently required the help of a support team and caring educational psychologists, social workers and public health professionals. None of these were forthcoming in this 'private' school 'for the poor'. We argue for radical community psychology support in schools situated in settings such as these, where social impact is high. It also questions the ability of organisations running such schools, to cope with the full responsibility. © 2010 The University of Johannesburg.	Bullying; Community psychology; Hallucinatory episodes; Inner-city school; Reading problems	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77950294684	Peer evaluation: Teachers evaluating one another for an effective practice	Msila V.	2009	International Journal of Learning	16	6	None	Faculty of Education, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	Msila, V., Faculty of Education, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	The introduction of new assessment strategies in South African schools underscores the need to improve the quality of education. Currently, many teachers are beginning to comprehend Outcomes Based Education (OBE) curriculum or its streamlined version, the National Curriculum Statement (NCS), moreover teacher quality needs are assuming centre stage. Teachers also perceive the necessity to embrace ongoing professional development. In the past, teacher evaluation was viewed with suspicion by educators who found it an advent of fault finding by district officials. There are still many teachers who resort to isolation in their classrooms than expose their classroom practice to "outsiders" including their colleagues. Among the intents of new assessment (that is linked to the NCS) are to: i. Identify specific needs of educators; ii. Provide support for continued growth; iii. Promote accountability; iv. Monitor a school's effectiveness and v. Evaluate educators' performance. This article focuses on the results of a case study and an investigation that was conducted to determine some of the factors that really impact on teacher quality in schools. For a period of 10 months the researcher observed the influence of peer evaluation on teaching in a secondary school. During the study it became apparent that peer evaluation needs to be taken seriously as a strategy of enhancing teacher quality. Professional development is strengthened immensely when teachers share their classroom experiences. Teachers never stop discovering. Discovering new skills, attitudes with peers and setting aside time for self-reflection are among the most crucial in moulding effective teachers. © Common Ground, Vuyisile Msila.	Effective Practice; Peer Evaluation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-17444426719	What do we know about the perception educators have of HIV/AIDS and its impact on the holistic development of adolescent learners?	De Lange N., Greyling L., Leslie G.B.	2005	International Journal of Adolescence and Youth	12	42371	None	Faculty of Education, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Faculty of Education, Vista University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Parkside Primary School, Port Elizabeth, South Africa	De Lange, N., Faculty of Education, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Greyling, L., Faculty of Education, Vista University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Leslie, G.B., Parkside Primary School, Port Elizabeth, South Africa	HIV/AIDS is part of the South African reality to such an extent that more than half the children admitted to South Africa's second largest hospital are HIV-positive or have full-blown AIDS. This has implications for the education sector, as HIV/AIDS has also infiltrated and affected schools and education institutions and calls for the role of the educator to exceed that of teaching. It is now more than ever necessary that educators pay close attention to the holistic development of the learner, infected and/or affected by HIV/AIDS. This research attempted to determine what perceptions senior phase educators have regarding HIV/AIDS and its impact on the holistic development of adolescent learners within their ecosystem and then to formulate recommendations based on the findings. To achieve these aims a qualitative, descriptive and contextual research design was chosen. The first theme regarding the educators' perceptions of HIV/AIDS revealed various categories, i.e an awareness of the prevalence of HIV/AIDS; medical knowledge of HIV/AIDS; causes of HIV/AIDS; feelings about it as well as views on what is needed for stopping the spread. The second theme regarding the impact of HIV/AIDS on the holistic development of the learners showed the following categories: understanding of the impact of HIV/AIDS on the holistic development of the adolescent (physically, cognitively, emotionally, socially and morally), on the family, on the peer group, on the school and on the community. © 2005 A B Academic Publishers.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77952351799	Exploring the impact of self-directed team learning in an air traffic control environment	Maree J.G., Joubert C.G., Van Der Linde M., Van Staden P.J.	2010	Journal of Psychology in Africa	20	1	None	Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa	Maree, J.G., Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa; Joubert, C.G., Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa; Van Der Linde, M., Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa; Van Staden, P.J., Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa	Experienced military air traffic controllers (25 respondents, males = 15, females = 10, years of experience = less than one year = 5 respondents, more than one year but less than three years = 11 respondents and more than three years = 9 respondents) participated in this study to determine whether self-directed team learning exists within their air traffic control teams and to understand the impact of self-directed team learning on the air traffic control work environment. Data on self-directed team learning and learning approaches were collected using a Self-directed Team Learning Questionnaire (SDTLQ) and a Learning Approaches Questionnaire (LAQ). These data were analysed using an inductive reasoning mode for qualitative data analysis and quantitative data analysis followed a supporting deductive reasoning mode. Triangulation as a technique was used to determine whether multiple sources of data agreed and to obtain better, cross-checked insights (Burgess, 1985). Results revealed that these air traffic controllers and air traffic control teams investigated in the study do indeed function within self-directed working, training and learning environments. The quality of team performance was influenced by self-directed team learning initiatives. Furthermore, the quality of self-directed team learning relied upon the effectiveness of air traffic control team performances.	Air traffic control; Continuation training; Human factors; Self-directed team learning; Teamwork	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-68649121425	The impact of life design counselling on adolescents	Maree J.G., Pollard Z.	2009	Journal of Psychology in Africa	19	2	None	Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa	Maree, J.G., Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa; Pollard, Z.	This study records a process of heightening self-awareness within a semi-structured 'life design counselling' process. The research was conducted on the basis of a case study designed to facilitate co-constructive conversation with a purposefully selected youth. The participant was enabled to reconstruct a preferred and meaningful future that could change as different experiences, challenges and needs arose. The study suggested that the postmodern techniques that were implemented enhanced the involvement of the participant in the study. The participant revealed heightened self-insight into his personal experiences, a 'changed' attitude to certain aspects of his life context and pro-active behaviour with regard to the challenges he was facing. We (the researchers) concluded that life design counselling could be a promising strategy that could have a lasting effect on adolescents. Copyright © 2009.	Adolescent; Impact; Life design counselling	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-63849123939	Exploring the impact of narrative arts activities on the self-concept of grade 9 learners in group context	Maree J.G., Pienaar P.A.	2009	International Journal of Adolescence and Youth	14	4	None	Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa; Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, Groenkloof Campus, Groenkloof, Pretoria 0001, South Africa	Maree, J.G., Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa, Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, Groenkloof Campus, Groenkloof, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Pienaar, P.A., Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa	In this study we investigate the impact of a narrative arts learning programme on the self-concept of Grade 9 learners in the Life Orientation classroom. The programme was designed in response to a suggestion contained in the government guidelines for Life Orientation. The aims of narrative counselling were employed to allow the learners to tell their stories to themselves and others, and the arts component allowed the learners an opportunity to give visual substance to their individual and collective narratives. Brief video recordings were made of each group's interactions during the narrative arts episodes in order to compile an edited video overview of the process. The aims of positive psychology were embedded in the structure and design of the arts episodes and activities. © 2009 A B Academic Publishers.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924111929	Exploring differential science performance in Korea and South Africa: A multilevel analysis	Cho M.-O., Scherman V., Gaigher E.	2014	Perspectives in Education	32	4	None	Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Cho, M.-O., Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Scherman, V., Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Gaigher, E., Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	This paper reports on secondary analysis of TIMSS 2003 data with the aim of explaining the difference in science achievement of Korean and South African learners. The question asked by this research, i.e. which factors at various educational levels influence science achievement in Korea and South Africa respectively, is addressed from the perspective of school effectiveness. Data from Korea included 5 300 learners from 151 schools, while approximately 9 000 learners from 265 schools were tested in South Africa. The background data were analysed in conjunction with the achievement data by means of factor, reliability, correlation and multilevel analysis. The multilevel analysis revealed that the strongest predictor of science achievement is attiudes towards science in both countries at learner level while, at classroom/school level, the strongest predictors are learner background in Korea and safety in school in South Africa respectively. In addition, factors specifically significant in Korea included educational resources, out-of-school activities, high expectation, professional development, and school size, while South Africa showed factors such as ethnicity and SES-related factors, textbook use, teacher age, teacher qualification, STS-based teaching, physical resources, and class size. © 2014 University of the Free State.	Korea; Multilevel analysis; School effectiveness; Science education; South Africa; TIMSS	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-22544436439	Contextual factors at the school and classroom level related to pupils' performance in mathematics in South Africa	Howie S.J.	2005	Educational Research and Evaluation	11	2	10.1080/13803610500110703	Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	Howie, S.J., Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, South Africa, Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	South African pupils performed well below the TIMSS international average in 1995 and 1999 and significantly below all other countries (including the other African countries) in the 1999 study. Path analysis, namely Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis, was applied to the South African TIMSS-R data to explore the effect of contextual factors at school level and classroom level within South African schools on the aggregated pupils' performance in mathematics. The results from the combined school- and classroom-level model revealed a relationship between the location of the schools, teachers' attitudes and beliefs, teaching load, lesson planning, and class size; all of which had direct effects on the South African pupils' aggregated performance in mathematics and in total explained 27% of the variance in the mathematics scores. © 2005 Taylor & Francis Group Ltd.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907541269	Inhibitive action and synergistic performance of 2-amino-ethanol and N,N-diethylethanamine on copper in hydrochloric acid solution	Fayomi O.S.I., Popoola A.P.I., Popoola O.M.	2014	Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia	28	3	10.4314/bcse.v28i3.15	Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, P.M.B. X680, Pretoria, South Africa; College of Science and Technology, School of Engineering and Technology, Covenant University, P.M.B, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	Fayomi, O.S.I., Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, P.M.B. X680, Pretoria, South Africa, College of Science and Technology, School of Engineering and Technology, Covenant University, P.M.B, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Popoola, A.P.I., Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, P.M.B. X680, Pretoria, South Africa; Popoola, O.M., Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, P.M.B. X680, Pretoria, South Africa	The corrosion inhibition action of copper alloy in 1 M HC1 solution in the presence of 2-aminoethanol (A) and N,N-diethylethanamine (D) at 298 °K was investigated using gravimetric and linear polarization method. Surface studies of the copper alloy sample were observed by the help of high resolution scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). The evaluations were taken after 48 h interval for 288 h while the concentration of the inhibitor was varied from 5 to 10% w/v. The result of the examination shows that 2-aminoethanol (A) and A/A-diethylethanamine (D) has a good corrosion inhibition effect for copper alloy in 1 M HC1 solutions and its efficiency attains above 96% at 10% w/v concentration. The linear polarization result affirmed that 2-aminoethanol (A) and AA-diethylethanamine (D) acts as a mixed type corrosion inhibitor. Their adsorption on copper alloy has been found to obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm at all the concentration of inhibitor applied. The outcomes from all approaches are in good agreement with each other. © 2014 Chemical Society of Ethiopia.	Adsorption; Electrochemical oxidation; Inhibitor; SEM/EDX; Synergistic assessment	None	National Research Foundation
Scopus	2-s2.0-84928883486	Performance evaluation of biodiesel-biodiesel blends in a dedicated CIDI engine	Ayetor G.K., Sunnu A., Parbey J.	2015	International Journal of Renewable Energy Research	5	1	None	Faculty of Engineering, Koforidua polytechnic, Box 981, Koforidua, Ghana; Faculty of Mechanical and Agric. Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, College of mechanical and agricultural engineering, Private mail bag, Kumasi, Ghana	Ayetor, G.K., Faculty of Engineering, Koforidua polytechnic, Box 981, Koforidua, Ghana; Sunnu, A., Faculty of Mechanical and Agric. Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, College of mechanical and agricultural engineering, Private mail bag, Kumasi, Ghana; Parbey, J., Faculty of Engineering, Koforidua polytechnic, Box 981, Koforidua, Ghana	Characteristics of biodiesel from Palm Kernel Oil Methyl Ester (PKOME), Jatropha Curcas Methyl Ester (JCME) & Coconut Oil Methyl Ester (COME) and their blends have been determined to run in a compression ignition direct injection (CIDI) internal combustion engine. The vegetable oils of Ghanaian origin (PKOME, COME and JCME) were converted to biodiesel by transesterification. Optimum amount of catalysts including 1% H2SO4, 1% NaOH and methanol: oil ratio between 6:1 and 8:1 produced the best yields of the biodiesels. The biodiesels were run in a VW diesel engine in an experiment. PKOME and COME were blended in proportions of 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% to determine the best blend for optimum physiochemical properties and engine performance. JCME was also blended with COME in the same proportions. Exhaust emissions and fuel consumption best values were obtained with 75% COME and 25% PKOME at desirability of 97% with brake specific energy consumption (BSEC) of 15.4 MJ/kWh, CO (0.39 Vol. %), HC (45 ppm) and NOx (146 ppm). The best blend JCME and COME was in the proportion 75% JCME and 25% COME with BSEC of 13 MJ/kW h and CO, HC and NOx emissions of 0.24 Vol. %, 65 ppm and 256 ppm respectively. The best blends made engine performance properties close to petroleum diesel (BSEC= 11.8 MJ/kW h, CO=0.43 Vol. %, HC=103 ppm, NOx= 140 ppm). Therefore blends of JCME (75%) and COME (25%) produced better engine performance than petroleum diesel CO by 80% and HC by 58%. The result show that blending biodiesel of different feedstock can improve CIDI engine performance and exhaust emissions.	Biodiesel; Coconut oil, renewable energy; Jatropha; Palm kernel oil	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939419414	Impact of thermoelectric cooling modules on the efficiency of a single-phase asynchronous machine	Gouws R., Van Jaarsveldt H.	2014	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	25	1	None	Faculty of Engineering, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa	Gouws, R., Faculty of Engineering, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Van Jaarsveldt, H., Faculty of Engineering, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa	In this paper, the authors present the impact of thermoelectric cooling modules (TECMs) on the efficiency of a single-phase asynchronous machine. TECMs are used to lower the stator winding temperature and core temperature of the single-phase asynchronous machine. A similar effect might be possible by operating the asynchronous machine in a controlled lower temperature environment or by using other means of improved controlled cooling. An overview on the materials and method used during the experimental setup of the single-phase asynchronous machine with the TECMs is provided. Experimental results on the efficiency analysis, temperature analysis and equivalent circuit parameter analysis are provided. It is shown that the efficiency of the single-phase asynchronous machine can be increased by 4.44% when cooled by TECMs.	Asynchronous machine; Efficiency temperature analysis; Thermoelectric cooling modules	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893978591	Forest monitoring and social media - Complementary data sources for ecosystem surveillance?	Daume S., Albert M., von Gadow K.	2014	Forest Ecology and Management	316	None	10.1016/j.foreco.2013.09.004	Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Büsgenweg 5, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Kräftriket 2B, 114 19 Stockholm, Sweden; Northwest German Forest Research Institute, Grätzelstraße 2, 37079 Göttingen, Germany; Dept. of Forest and Wood Science, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	Daume, S., Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Büsgenweg 5, 37077 Göttingen, Germany, Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Kräftriket 2B, 114 19 Stockholm, Sweden; Albert, M., Northwest German Forest Research Institute, Grätzelstraße 2, 37079 Göttingen, Germany; von Gadow, K., Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Büsgenweg 5, 37077 Göttingen, Germany, Dept. of Forest and Wood Science, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	Forest monitoring captures human impacts and other biotic and abiotic influences on forests and is a pre-requisite for the sustainable use and protection of forest ecosystems. Forest inventories for example are a key tool to plan sustainable harvesting, whereas Forest Observational Studies provide the empirical basis for an improved understanding and long-term evaluation of forest ecosystem dynamics. To that end detailed data is collected at stand level, often integrated in larger forest observational networks, which feeds into forest ecosystem models. Forests exist however in a constantly changing societal context and the direct or indirect impact of human activity has become a crucial driver on all types of ecosystems. The Millenium Ecosystem Assessment underlines the linkage between social and ecological systems, highlighting the centrality of ecosystem services to human well-being and the requirement for ecosystem monitoring in the anthropocene to provide a holistic view of ecosystems as social-ecological systems. Framing information about the social context of a forest ecosystem, gaining the expertise and providing resources to collect this type of information is usually outside the scope of data collection for forest inventories and monitoring. Studies in other domains faced a similar challenge and turned to data mining informal online information sources to supplement traditional monitoring and data collection strategies. This paper explores how forest monitoring approaches especially Forest Observational Studies with their long-term and large-scale focus may be complemented by social media mining. We outline (a) how social media mining methods from other domains could be applied to forest monitoring, (b) discuss identification of stakeholders, events and demands on forest ecosystems as examples of social contextual information that could be obtained via this route and (c) explain how this information could be automatically mined from social media, online news and other similar online information sources. The proposed approach is discussed on the basis of examples from a broad set of other domains. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.	Anthropocene; Forest ecosystem services; Forest monitoring; Forest observational studies; Social media mining; Societal context	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897134312	Perceptions of knowledge management processes, strategies, implementation and impact: Biographical influences	Ngcamu B.S., Parumasur S.B.	2011	Corporate Ownership and Control	8	3 E	None	Human Resources and Development, Mangosuthu University of Technology, 37 Dagwood Crescent, Kingsburgh 4126, South Africa; Human Resource Management, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa	Ngcamu, B.S., Human Resources and Development, Mangosuthu University of Technology, 37 Dagwood Crescent, Kingsburgh 4126, South Africa; Parumasur, S.B., Human Resource Management, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa	The study aims to provide recommendations with strategic direction and an improvement as far as knowledge management initiatives are concerned within the Skills Development and Management Services and Organizational Development Units so that they can drive knowledge management to be effective and efficient in its implementation whilst taking cognizance of the biographical correlates. This study seeks to address the bottlenecks as far as knowledge management is concerned by using biographical profiles with the view of promoting the creation and management of knowledge in the municipality concerned. The study reflects that the biographical profiles of employees (age, education, race, job level) influences their perceptions of the current knowledge management processes and strategies and their implementation and impact on effectiveness. The influence of age emphasizes that it is imperative to avoid the decay of employees' knowledge stocks at the individual level by striving to make knowledge, skills and capabilities more valuable, unique and available. The influence of education reinforces the needs to improve the connectivity among all employees. The impact of race adds to the urgency to promote the diversification of the workforce in order to have access to different ideas and skills and, enables the organisation to enhance its competitive edge. The influence of job level demands that knowledge management activities should be cascaded down to the operational level. The combined effect of the biographical variables dictates that organisations need to foster a culture that supports knowledge sharing and must provide salient incentives to recognise and encourage such interactions.	Biographical influences; Corporation; Management strategies	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77958113181	The impact of the choice on termination of pregnancy act of 1996 (act 92 of 1996) on criminal abortions in the mthatha area of South Africa	Meel B.L., Kaswa R.P.	2009	African Journal of Primary Health Care and Family Medicine	1	1	10.4102/phcfm.v1i1.36	Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, South Africa	Meel, B.L., Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, South Africa; Kaswa, R.P., Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, South Africa	Background: The Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act of 1996 (Act 92 of 1996) allows abortions to be legally carried out in South Africa. It is not clear how many people are utilising this service. Mthatha is a poverty-stricken area with a high rate of illiteracy. The available infrastructure, such as roads, health facilities and communication, is poor. Method: This was a retrospective, descriptive study carried out at the Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital in Mthatha. The registered criminal abortion cases recorded between 1993 and 2006 were analysed. Results: There were 51 cases of criminal abortions recorded from 1993 to 2006. Of these, 32 were aborted in the fi rst trimester of pregnancy and the rest were in the second trimester. No signifi cant gender differences were observed among aborted babies. 10 of the foetuses were male and nine were female. The highest number (nine) of abortions was recorded in 1993 and in 2005. The highest number of criminal abortions (11) took place in May. Most cases (35) were concealed births and were discovered accidentally either by the public or the police. Conclusion: The Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act of 1996 (Act 92 of 1996) had no impact on criminal abortions in the Mthatha area of South Africa. © 2009. The Authors.	Choice on termination of pregnancy act of 1996 (Act 92 of 1996); Criminal abortion; Foetuses; South africa; Termination	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84872326699	Where is my daddy? an exploration of the impact of absentee fathers on the lives of young people in Botswana	Thupayagale-Tshweneagae G., Mgutshini T., Nkosi Z.Z.	2012	Africa Development	37	3	None	Faculty of Human Sciences, University of South Africa, South Africa	Thupayagale-Tshweneagae, G., Faculty of Human Sciences, University of South Africa, South Africa; Mgutshini, T., Faculty of Human Sciences, University of South Africa, South Africa; Nkosi, Z.Z., Faculty of Human Sciences, University of South Africa, South Africa	A substantial body of research has consistently concluded that children growing up with absentee fathers are at an increased risk of maladjustment. This paper argues that co-parenting can have both direct and indirect or mediated effects on children. Co-parenting has an added benefit of modelling dyadic skills that include proving mutual emotional support, influence, and amicable resolution of disputes. Through qualitative data obtained in 2009 from 45 final year students at the University of Botswana, the authors conclude that African personhood is a larger-than-self conception, which also includes more than the physical being and shows that young people raised in father-absent families view their personhood as inferior, less guarded, and incomplete, relative to that of their counterparts who were born and raised in married-couple families. Living a full quality life eludes youth who were raised by mothers only, affirming the importance of fathers in the personhood of any individual. © Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa, 2012.	Absentee fathers; Co-parenting; Youth personhood	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84926340975	Impact of firm-specific characteristics on managers' identity disclosure	Asien E.N.	2014	Accounting Research Journal	27	2	10.1108/ARJ-03-2013-0010	Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Federal University Otuoke, Otuoke, Nigeria	Asien, E.N., Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Federal University Otuoke, Otuoke, Nigeria	Purpose - This paper aims to examine the impact of firm-specific characteristics on managers' identity disclosure in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. Design/methodology/approach - Research data were collected from 2010 annual reports and financial statements of 403 listed firms in the GCC countries. The data were analyzed by multiple regression models. Findings - Evidence suggesting that managers' identity is significantly disclosed by firms that separate the office of chairman from that of chief executive officer was documented. It was also found that mature firms significantly disclose their managers' identity. Our finding suggests that firms' declaration that they comply with a set of corporate governance code leads them to disclose managers' identity. However, we find that firms that are related to the state significantly disclose their managers' identity, contrary to expectation. Research limitations/implications - One limitation is the lack of a uniform classification of industries by the stock exchanges in the GCC region. The implication of this is that researchers are lacking a uniform standard to apply in their research. Another limitation is the use of only 2010 annual reports and accounts; thus, there is a problem of inter-temporal generalizability. As markets in the GCC countries are evolving, it will be interesting to capture the state of managers' identity disclosure after 2010. Practical implications - The paper has the potential to influence firms in the GCC region to begin disclosing managers' personal details and other contact information. In addition, there is the prospect that market regulators in the GCC region and other emerging markets who may read this research may now require firms to disclose their managers' identity. Originality/value - This is an Original research paper. © 2014 Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Corporate governance; Duality role; GCC countries; Managers' identity; State-related enterprises; Voluntary disclosure	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84930665037	Evaluation of universal newborn hearing screening in South African primary care	Khoza-Shangase K., Harbinson S.	2015	African Journal of Primary Health Care and Family Medicine	7	1	10.4102/phcfm.v7i1.769	Faculty of Humanities, Department of Audiology, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Khoza-Shangase, K., Faculty of Humanities, Department of Audiology, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa; Harbinson, S., Faculty of Humanities, Department of Audiology, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Background: Universal Newborn Hearing Screening (UNHC) is the gold standard toward early hearing detection and intervention, hence the importance of its deliberation within the South African context. Aim: To determine the feasibility of screening in low-risk neonates, using Otoacoustic Emissions (OAEs), within the Midwife Obstetric Unit (MOU) three-day assessment clinic at a Community Health Centre (CHC), at various test times following birth. Method: Within a quantitative, prospective design, 272 neonates were included. Case history interviews, otoscopic examinations and Distortion Product OAEs (DPOAEs) screening were conducted at two sessions (within six hours and approximately three days after birth). Data were analysed via descriptive statistics. Results: Based on current staffing profile and practice, efficient and comprehensive screening is not successful within hours of birth, but is more so at the MOU three-day assessment clinic. Significantly higher numbers of infants were screened at session 2, with significantly less false-positive results. At session 1, only 38.1% of the neonates were screened, as opposed to more than 100% at session 2. Session 1 yielded an 82.1% rate of false positive findings, a rate that not only has important implications for the emotional well-being of the parents; but also for resource-stricken environments where expenditure has to be accounted for carefully. Conclusion: Current findings highlight the importance of studying methodologies to ensure effective reach for hearing screening within the South African context. These findings argue for UNHS initiatives to include the MOU three-day assessment to ensure that a higher number of neonates are reached and confounding variables such as vernix have been eliminated. © 2015. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78649727315	The impact of colonial agreements on the regulation of the waters of the river nile	Kasimbazi E.B.	2010	Water International	35	6	10.1080/02508060.2010.533642	Faculty of Law, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda	Kasimbazi, E.B., Faculty of Law, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda	This paper assesses how the Nile Basin agreements that were signed during the colonial period continue to affect the regulation of the waters of the Nile. The agreements signed by Britain and other European colonial powers regarding the regulation of the waters of the Nile are interpreted by the lowest riparian state, Egypt, as binding and while the other upper riparian states such as Ethiopia, Tanzania and Uganda argue that since the countries got their independence the agreements are not binding. The two parallel positions have made it difficult to develop a Nile Basin Agreement to regulate the use of the waters of the Nile Basin up to the present day. © 2010 International Water Resources Association.	Colonial agreements; Cooperative framework agreement; Nile river; Regulation water; Riparian	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84946082092	Evaluation of biofilm formation and chemical sensitivity of salmonella typhimurium on plastic surface	Aliyu S., Rahman N.I.A., Muazu A., Abdullahi U.F., Naim R., Muhammad U., Haque M.	2015	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	5	10	10.7324/JAPS.2015.501020	Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia; Department of Biology, Kano State University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Kano State, Nigeria	Aliyu, S., Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia; Rahman, N.I.A., Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia; Muazu, A., Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia; Abdullahi, U.F., Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia; Naim, R., Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia; Muhammad, U., Department of Biology, Kano State University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Kano State, Nigeria; Haque, M., Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia	S. typhimurium is an important socioeconomic problem in several countries, mainly in developing countries where it is reported as the main responsible for the food-borne disease outbreaks. A biofilm can be explained as a group of cells, diverse species or mono-species that are fixed to a surface and/or to one another. This study aimed to evaluate the biofilm formation of S. typhimurium on the plastic surface as well as to determine the relationship between contact time and incubation temperature. Crystal violet assay was performed to quantify the biofilm formation with and without treatments based on the value of optical density at 600nm of the destaining crystal violet at different interval of time. The outcomes of the result indicated that, the attachment of bacterial cells to the plastic surfaces increased with the increased contact time and determined by temperature. The values of OD600 at 37 oC for 24, 48 and 72 hours were 0.770, 0.968 and 2.363 respectively. This indicated that, the formation of biofilm by S. typhimurium on plastic surfaces varied with contact time. For the disinfectant treatments, hydrogen peroxide with 91 % sensitivity was the highest in treatment of S. typhimurium cells, followed by the mixture of sodium hypochloride and paracetic acid with 70 %, then paracetic acid with 67 %. Considering this result, S. typhimurium formed a biofilm on the plastic surface, hygienic activities on a plastic surface in food industry during handling, processing, distribution and storage of food should be a concerned and these disinfectants are suggested for the treatment of S. typhimurium. © 2015 Sani Aliyu et al.	Biofilm. S. Typhimurium; Disinfectant; Plastic surface; Treatment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84946069888	Evaluation of Sodium Carboxymethyl Starch obtained from Ipomoea Batatas	Achor M., Oyeniyi J.Y., Gwarzo M.S., Zayyanu A.	2015	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	5	10	10.7324/JAPS.2015.501022	Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria	Achor, M., Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Oyeniyi, J.Y., Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Gwarzo, M.S., Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Zayyanu, A., Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria	The study sought to evaluate the functional properties of sodium carboxymethyl starch obtained from Ipomoea batatas, in order to facilitate their exploitation as substitute excipients for the local pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. The sodium carboxymethyl starch was produced by reacting native starch with sodium hydroxide and sodium monochloroacetate in various proportions and reaction time at constant temperature. Subsequently, the starches were obtained by wet separation techniques. Physicochemical properties and proximate analysis were carried out in order to determine their suitability for pharmaceutical use. Differences in the physicochemical properties, proximate composition, and functional properties of sodium carboxymethyl starches and native Ipomoea batatas starch were significant. Optimum degree of substitution and reaction efficiency of 0.52 and 1.92% were achieved when sodium hydroxide and sodium monochloroacetate in a ratio 1.5 and 2.0 Mole per anhydrous glucose unite respectively in 6 hrs was used. Generally, the carboxymethyl starches had higher bulk density, tapped density, true density, hydration and swelling capacity as compared to the native starch. © 2015 Mohammed Achor et al.	Ipomoea batatas; Sodium carboxymethyl starch; Sodium monochloroacetate	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79959776657	Limnological evaluation of the fisheries potentials of a Ghanaian reservoir	Alhassan E.H.	2011	Journal of Applied Sciences Research	7	2	None	Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources, University for Development Studies, P.O. Box TL 1882, Tamale, Ghana	Alhassan, E.H., Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources, University for Development Studies, P.O. Box TL 1882, Tamale, Ghana	Morpho-edaphic Index (MEI), and total nutrient input have been applied to the Dawhenya reservoir in Ghana from August 2006 to July 2007 to estimate existing fish yield and future potential productivity. The estimated existing fish yield from the reservoir was about 38.44 kg/ha. In the Dawhenya reservoir, 12 species belonging to 8 genera were encountered out of which 7 genera were fin fishes while the remaining genus was a shell fish. During the dry season, eight fish species were sampled and Barbus macrops contributed the highest (71.6 %) and Oreochromis niloticus the lowest (0.2 %) by weight while in the wet season five fish species were collected and Barbus macrops contributed the highest (85.3 %) and Macrobrachium vollenhovenii the lowest (2.1 %) of total weight of fish in drag net catches. Estimates of b-values ranged from 2.793 in Sarotherodon galilaeus to 3.267 in Macrobrachium vollenhovenii. Only Barbus macrops growth pattern in the reservoir was isometric meaning there was an equal increase in length and weight during growth, while Macrobrachium vollenhovenii, Macrobrachium macrobrachion and Sarotherodon galilaeus growth patterns were allometric, meaning increases in length and weight of the species were not equal during growth. The general physicochemical parameters monitored during the study period fell within the ranges suitable for fisheries and aquatic life in reservoirs, except for phosphates which were outside recommended ranges. Observations of pH showed that the reservoir was slightly alkaline. Agricultural activities within the catchment area of the reservoir should be monitored and controlled to prevent nutrient enrichment since the inhabitants were predominantly peasant farmers.	Finfish; Fish yield; Limnology; Morpho-edaphic; Reservoir; Shell fish	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70449125672	The role of human resource systems and competitive strategies in hospitality organizational performance in Kenya	Onyango F.E., Monica A., Edwin O., Roselyne O.	2009	International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Administration	10	2	10.1080/15256480902851131	Faculty of Science, Department of Ecotourism, Maseno University, P.O. Box 333, Maseno40105, Kenya; Memorial University of Newfoundland, NL, Canada	Onyango, F.E., Faculty of Science, Department of Ecotourism, Maseno University, P.O. Box 333, Maseno40105, Kenya; Monica, A., Faculty of Science, Department of Ecotourism, Maseno University, P.O. Box 333, Maseno40105, Kenya; Edwin, O., Faculty of Science, Department of Ecotourism, Maseno University, P.O. Box 333, Maseno40105, Kenya; Roselyne, O., Memorial University of Newfoundland, NL, Canada	The past decade has witnessed increased scholarly interest in the effects of human resource systems on organizational performance. However, the focus has now shifted towards the nature and causes of these outcomes. Consequently, a consensus is emerging that informed understanding of the interaction between organizational strategy and human resources will be significant in accounting for these empirical outcomes. A cursory glance at the human resource practices in Kenyan hotels suggested limited evidence of the use of functional flexibility and greater reliance on numerical flexibility. In Kenya, there is no readily available record of empirical research done on choices of employment systems along criteria similar to functional and numerical flexibilities. This study is aimed at investigating the relationships between human resource systems, competitive strategies, and business performance in the Kenyan hotel industry. The research was conducted in Nairobi and Mombasa whereby the population mainly comprised managerial and non-managerial employees drawn from the hotels selected in the aforementioned cities. Purposive sampling was used to select hotels while stratified sampling was applied to obtain 160 participants to whom questionnaires were administered. Data was analyzed using chi-square goodness of fit test, Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance, and descriptive statistics. The research revealed that functionally flexible human resource systems in conjunction with differentiation strategies are associated with high organizational performance, whereas numerically flexible human resource systems and cost reduction strategies are linked with low organizational performance. Additionally, the research equally found out that independent hotels pursued numerically flexible human resource systems in conjunction with cost reduction strategies whereas chain hotels applied functionally flexible human resource systems and differentiation/focus strategies.	Human resource systems; Kenya; Mombasa; Nairobi	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70449528631	Preparation of low temperature nano-structured ZnO and RhO2 on titanium substrates, and evaluation for phenol electro-catalytic oxidation	Klink M.J., Crouch A.M.	2009	Microchimica Acta	166	42371	10.1007/s00604-009-0157-z	Faculty of Science, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa	Klink, M.J., Faculty of Science, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Crouch, A.M., Faculty of Science, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa	An approach based on a thermodynamical growth control concept of ZnO and RhO2 nano-structured metal oxides on a titanium substrate for electro-catalytic oxidation of phenol is demonstrated. These nano-structured metal oxide materials prepared via a low temperature thin film growth technique were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The effect of the method employed, i.e. three-dimensional arrays, could be clearly seen in the estimated values of surface roughness. The scanning electron technique confirmed the sizes of the metal titanium oxide materials in the nano range: The diameter of the ZnO rods ranges from 50-150 nanometers and the lengths from 1-2 μm. The diameters of RhO2 showed oval structures from 10-100 nanometers. Thermogravimetric analyses showed that at 450 °C and 800 °C (the calcination temperature) no further structural changes occurred due to mass loss for ZnO and RhO2 respectively. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) showed that both the Ti/ZnO and Ti/RhO2 nano-structured electrodes can be used for phenol electro-catalytic oxidation and that the Ti/RhO2 electrode can also be used as a sensor for the detection of phenol. © Springer-Verlag 2009.	Cyclic voltammetry (CV); Metal oxide nano-structures; Scanning electron microscopy (SEM); Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA)	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867124139	Illustrating Bayesian evaluation of informative hypotheses for regression models	Kluytmans A., van de Schoot R., Mulder J., Hoijtink H.	2012	Frontiers in Psychology	3	JAN	10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00002	Faculty of Social Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Department of Methods and Statistics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Optentia Research Program, Faculty of Humanities, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa; Department of Methodology and Statistics, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands	Kluytmans, A., Faculty of Social Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands; van de Schoot, R., Department of Methods and Statistics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands, Optentia Research Program, Faculty of Humanities, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa; Mulder, J., Department of Methodology and Statistics, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands; Hoijtink, H., Department of Methods and Statistics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands	In the present article we illustrate a Bayesian method of evaluating informative hypotheses for regression models. Our main aim is to make this method accessible to psychological researchers without a mathematical or Bayesian background. The use of informative hypotheses is illustrated using two datasets from psychological research. In addition, we analyze generated datasets with manipulated differences in effect size to investigate how Bayesian hypothesis evaluation performs when the magnitude of an effect changes. After reading this article the reader is able to evaluate his or her own informative hypotheses. © 2012 Kluytmans, Van de Schoot, Mulder and Hoijtink.	Bayes factor; Bayesian hypothesis evaluation; BIEMS; Effect size; Informative hypotheses; Multiple regression	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939239085	Qualitative evaluation of primary care providers experiences of a training programme to offer brief behaviour change counselling on risk factors for non-communicable diseases in South Africa	Malan Z., Mash R., Everett-Murphy K.	2015	BMC Family Practice	16	1	10.1186/s12875-015-0318-6	Family Medicine and Primary Care, Stellenbosch University, Box 19063, Tygerberg, South Africa; Chronic Diseases Initiative in Africa (CDIA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, P/Bag X 3, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa	Malan, Z., Family Medicine and Primary Care, Stellenbosch University, Box 19063, Tygerberg, South Africa; Mash, R., Family Medicine and Primary Care, Stellenbosch University, Box 19063, Tygerberg, South Africa; Everett-Murphy, K., Chronic Diseases Initiative in Africa (CDIA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, P/Bag X 3, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa	Background: The global epidemic of non-communicable disease (NCDs) has been linked with four modifiable risky lifestyle behaviours, namely smoking, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and alcohol abuse. Primary care providers (PCPs) can play an important role in changing patient's risky behaviours. It is recommended that PCPs provide individual brief behaviour change counselling (BBCC) as part of everyday primary care. This study is part of a larger project that re-designed the current training for PCPs in South Africa, to offer a standardized approach to BBCC based on the 5 As and a guiding style. This article reports on a qualitative sub-study, which explored whether the training intervention changed PCPs perception of their confidence in their ability to offer BBCC, whether they believed that the new approach could overcome the barriers to implementation in clinical practice and be sustained, and their recommendations on future training and integration of BBCC into curricula and clinical practice. Methods: This was a qualitative study that used verbal feedback from participants at the beginning and end of the training course, and twelve individual in-depth interviews with participants once they had returned to their clinical practice. Results: Although PCP's confidence in their ability to counselling improved, and some thought that time constraints could be overcome, they still reported that understaffing, lack of support from within the facility and poor continuity of care were barriers to counselling. However, the current organisational culture was not congruent with the patient-centred guiding style of BBCC. Training should be incorporated into undergraduate curricula of PCPs for both nurses and doctors, to ensure that counselling skills are embedded from the start. Existing PCPs should be offered training as part of continued professional development programmes. Conclusions: This study showed that although training changed PCPs perception of their ability to offer BBCC, and increased their confidence to overcome certain barriers to implementation, significant barriers remained. It is clear that to incorporate BBCC into everyday care, not only training, but also a whole systems approach is needed, that involves the patient, provider, and service organisation at different levels. © 2015 Malan et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893832088	Political Economy of Service Delivery: Monitoring Versus Contestation	Hausken K., Ncube M.	2014	Developing Economies	52	1	10.1111/deve.12035	Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway; African Development Bank Group, Tunis, Tunisia; Graduate School of Business Administration, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Hausken, K., Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway; Ncube, M., African Development Bank Group, Tunis, Tunisia, Graduate School of Business Administration, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Many communities suffer limited public goods provision due to civil servants (doctors, teachers, etc.) supplementing their low income with moonlighting activities. Monitors of civil servants commonly also earn low salaries from monitoring and may prefer political contestation for power and prestige. We determine an internal equilibrium for how monitors strike a balance between monitoring and political contestation, and a corner solution where an unresourceful monitor does not monitor. Multiple characteristics, including the intensity of political contestation, are accounted for. Survey data from Tanzania and Senegal are used to show the significance of poor service delivery within education and healthcare services. © 2014 Institute of Developing Economies.	Conflict; Contestation; Game; Monitoring; Production; Public good; Service delivery	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84914164332	The mining sector in Ghana-perspectives of socio-economic and environmental impacts	Boatri W.E., Kabat L., Verner V., Kabutey A., Agbettoh-Mawuli D.	2015	International Business Management	9	3	10.3923/ibm.2015.334.343	Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; National Population Council Secretariat, Ghana	Boatri, W.E., Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; Kabat, L., Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; Verner, V., Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; Kabutey, A., Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; Agbettoh-Mawuli, D., National Population Council Secretariat, Ghana	Developing countries depend mainly on the economic contribution of mining industry. In Ghana, the industry in 2011 contributed 5.5% of gross domestic product and 14% of taxes revenue. Export receipt appreciated by 60% in that same year which was mostly driven by an increase in export gains from gold production and crude oil petroleum export. Environmental problems associated with mining are of great concern in the country. The aim of this study was to analyze the perception of socio-economic benefits and environmental implications using a field survey in mining and non-mining communities (Tarkwa, Prestea Bogoso and Accra, Cape Coast, Ho, respectively). A Chi-square Goodness-of-Fit test was employed to analyze data on demographic information of respondents. The analyzed data indicated that positive responses were expressed on significant contribution of mining to the economy and communities, respectively. Negative responses were shown on environmental issues and its management by regulatory institutions and other stakeholders. © Medwell Journals, 2015.	Compensation; Contributions; Dependency; Environment impacts; Mining; Pollution	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84866183320	The impact of brief quality improvement (QI) projects by medical students in primary care in Gauteng or the North West Province, South Africa	van Deventer C., Sondzaba N.	2012	African Journal of Primary Health Care and Family Medicine	4	1	10.4102/phcfm.v4i1.383	Family Physician, Dr Kenneth Kaunda District, North West Province, South Africa; Department of Family Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	van Deventer, C., Family Physician, Dr Kenneth Kaunda District, North West Province, South Africa, Department of Family Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa; Sondzaba, N., Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Background: The Integrated Primary Care (IPC) rotation is undertaken over six weeks by final year medical students at the University of Witwatersrand. Students are placed in either rural or urban primary health care centres based in Gauteng or the North West Province. As part of the IPC rotation, students undertake short quality improvement (QI) projects. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of the QI projects undertaken over the period stretching from 2006 to 2010. Methods: An observational study of QI reports done by students. Project reports assessed and compared to site marks, indicators of learning assessed and individual and group marks compared. Results: Of 274 projects undertaken, 223 (81.4%) were available for evaluation. Geographical placements and QI themes were categorised. Management issues were most frequently identified as being problematic followed by chronic illnesses. Understanding and applying the principles of QI was partially achieved and gaps were identified for future projects. The most common intervention was training of personnel and design and distribution of posters or pamphlets. Conclusions: Most QI projects were well thought out and relevant to the chosen setting. In the majority of cases, a great deal of effort and creativity went into the process and skills other than clinical skills were employed such as writing, presentation of data in graphs and tables. Integration of theory and practice was achieved only partially. © 2012. The Authors.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000272135900011	The use of routine monitoring and evaluation systems to assess a referral model of family planning and HIV service integration in Nigeria	Abubakar, Zubaida,Awi, Dorka D.,Chabikuli, Nzapfurundi O.,Chukwujekwu, Ogo,Gwarzo, Usman,Hamelmann, Christoph,Ibrahim, Mohammed,Merrigan, Mike	2009	AIDS	23	None	None	Family Hlth Int	None	Objective: To measure changes in service utilization of a model integrating family planning with HIV Counselling and testing (HCT), antiretroviral therapy (ART) and prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) in the Nigerian public health facilities. Design: It is a retrospective survey of attendance and family planning commodity uptake in 71 health facilities in Nigeria that analyzes the preintegration and postintegration periods between March 2007 and January 2009. Methods: A prepost retrospective comparison of mean attendance at family planning clinics and couple-years of protection (CYP) compared 6 months preintegration with 9 months postintegration period. An analysis of service ratios was conducted, relating completed referrals at family planning clinics to service utilization at the referring HIV clinics. Results: Mean attendance at family planning clinics increased significantly from 67.6 in preintegration to 87.0 in postintegration. The mean CYP increased significantly from 32.3 preintegration to 38.2 postintegration. Service ratio of referrals from each of the HIV clinics was low but increased in the postintegration period by 4, 34 and 42 per 1000 clients from HCT, ART and PMTCT clinics, respectively. Service ratios were higher in primary healthcare settings than in secondary or tertiary hospitals. Attendance by men at family planning clinics was significantly higher among clients referred from HIV clinics. Conclusion: Family planning-HIV integration using the referral model improved family planning service utilization by clients accessing HIV services, but further improvement is possible. Male utilization of family planning services also improved. The government of Nigeria should review the family planning User fee policy and scale up the integration in primary healthcare facilities. (C) 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins	CONTRACEPTION,"health services evaluation",HIV,INTEGRATION,NIGERIA,"ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY","CONTRACEPTIVE USE","HEALTH-CARE NEEDS",INTENTIONS,PREGNANCY,"PROSPECTIVE COHORT","REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH","RURAL UGANDA",SOUTH-AFRICA,WOMEN	None	None
WoS	WOS:000302023400006	Do peer educators make a difference? An evaluation of a youth-led HIV prevention model in Zambian Schools	Bratt, J.,Denison, J. A.,Kabaso, M.,Torpey, K.,Tsui, S.,Weaver, M. A.	2012	HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH	27	2	10.1093/her/cyr093	Family Hlth Int	None	Restless Development's youth-led model places trained Volunteer Peer Educators (VPEs), aged 18-25 years, in schools to teach HIV prevention and reproductive health (RH). VPEs also run youth centers, extracurricular and community-based activities. This evaluation assesses (i) program effects on students' HIV/RH knowledge, attitudes and behaviors using a non-randomized quasi-experimental design among 2133 eighth and ninth grade students in 13 intervention versus 13 matched comparison schools and (ii) program costs. Intervention students had significantly higher levels of knowledge related to HIV [odds ratio (OR) 1.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18-2.19; P &lt; 0.01] and RH (OR 1.71; 95% CI 1.21-2.49; P &lt; 0.01), more positive attitudes toward people living with HIV and greater self-efficacy to refuse unwanted sex and access condoms. No evidence of differences in ever having had sex was found (28% in the intervention; 29% in the comparison schools). However, intervention students were more likely not to have had sex in the previous year (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.03-1.56; P &lt; 0.05) and to have had only one sex partner ever (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.00-2.03; P &lt; 0.05). The average annual cost of the program was US$21 per beneficiary. In conclusion, the youth-led model is associated with increased HIV and RH knowledge and self-efficacy and lowered levels of stigma and sexual risk-taking behaviors.	,ADOLESCENTS,DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES,"HIV/AIDS PREVENTION",INTERVENTIONS	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956004029	Structure, conduct and performance of farm gate marketing of natural rubber in Edo and Delta States, Nigeria	Giroh D.Y., Umar H.Y., Yakub W.	2010	African Journal of Agricultural Research	5	14	None	Farming Systems Research and Extension Department, Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria, P. M. B 1049, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria; Soils and Plant Nutrition Division, Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria, P. M. B 1049, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria	Giroh, D.Y., Farming Systems Research and Extension Department, Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria, P. M. B 1049, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria; Umar, H.Y., Farming Systems Research and Extension Department, Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria, P. M. B 1049, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria; Yakub, W., Soils and Plant Nutrition Division, Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria, P. M. B 1049, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria	The study examined the structure, conduct and performance of farm gate marketing of natural rubber in Edo and Delta States of Nigeria. Copies of questionnaires were used on 75 randomly selected rubber farmers. Data collected were analyzed using Gini coefficient and budgetary technique. The results indicated that gross margin and net profit were N17,821.31 and N17,278.47 while the gross margin and net profit per farmer were N62,588.47 and N60,682.00 respectively. The marketing margin and efficiency were 44.03 and 122% respectively. Rate of return was also high. The Gini coefficient analysis showed that the market was concentrated (0.256), showing the possibility of non-competitive behaviour and equality in earnings among marketers. ©2010 Academic Journals.	Budgetary technique; Farm gate; Gini coefficient; Marketing; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33749064631	Impact of household food security and nutrition programme on the nutritional status of children in Oyo state, Nigeria	Lawal B.O., Jibowo A.A.	2006	Nutrition and Food Science	36	5	10.1108/00346650610703171	Farming Systems Research and Extension Programme, Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Lawal, B.O., Farming Systems Research and Extension Programme, Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ibadan, Nigeria; Jibowo, A.A., Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of household food security and nutrition programme (HFSN) on the nutritional status of children (0-5 years) in Oyo state, Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach - Pre-tested structured and unstructured questionnaires were used to elicit information from 201 programme and 201 non-programme women participants. The participants who are farmers were selected using systematic random sampling technique from each of the six local government areas covered by the programme, while non-participants were selected using simple random sampling technique. Also, anthropometry technique was used to assess the nutritional status of the children of both groups. Descriptive statistics such as frequency counts, percentages and means were used to describe the findings while analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the significant difference in the nutritional status of the children of the two groups. Findings - The results show that the women farmers who participated in programme activities possessed some personal and household characteristics which influenced the nutritional status of the children. The participants utilized most of the prograrmme recommendations and significant differences existed in the weight for age and height for age indices of their children. Originality/value - The results indicate theneed for constant surveillance and collaborative effort of the health, agricultural extension and education departments in providing women farmers with the education and training needed to reduce the incidence of malnutrition and food insecurity.	Children (age groups); Diet; Health education; Nigeria; Nutrition	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900415510	Relationship between demographic factors and the performance of teacher educators	Sa'adatu S.L.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	15 SPEC.ISSUE	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n16p9	FCT College Of Education, Zuba, Abuja, Nigeria	Sa'adatu, S.L., FCT College Of Education, Zuba, Abuja, Nigeria	The study investigates the relationship between demographic factors on the performance of teacher educators in the FCT. Samples were drawn from teacher educators in the FCT, and a population of 111 staff were used. Data collected were statistically analyzed using single percentages and T-test. Result of the study revealed that over all mean rating on performance of teacher educator toward theirs job is low as indicated by the total grand score of 2.906. Significant differences shows an increase in performance on the basis of age group (46-55 years). Working experience (6 years and above) and educational qualification, indicates that staff with Masters/Phd are more active in carrying out their jobs with a mean of 3.039. It was recommended among others that the government should make efforts to listen to teachers need for training as well as adequate provision for physical infrastructures that will facilitate motivation thereby increasing performance.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000309891600011	Evaluation of scaling-up should take into account financial access Comment on: Evaluating the scale-up for maternal and child survival: a common framework	Assefa, Yibeltal,Bermejo, Raoul,Hercot, David,Van Damme, Wim	2012	INTERNATIONAL HEALTH	4	1	10.1016/j.inhe.2011.11.002	Fed HIV AIDS Prevent & Control Off, Inst Trop Med	None	None	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78649766739	Disability status and academic performance in a nigerian university: Instructional implications for inclusive distance education practice	Lagoke B.A., Komolafe M.D., Ige N.A., Oladejo M.A.	2010	European Journal of Social Sciences	17	3	None	Federal College of Education (sp), Nigeria; Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Nigeria	Lagoke, B.A., Federal College of Education (sp), Nigeria; Komolafe, M.D., Federal College of Education (sp), Nigeria; Ige, N.A., Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Nigeria; Oladejo, M.A., Federal College of Education (sp), Nigeria	The need for Inclusive distance education in order to ensure that both abled and non-abled persons are included in the educational provision has become imperative to guarantee access to equal educational opportunities. In recent time, the academic performance of nonabled students has been a source of concern to stakeholders in the field of distance education This study therefore, provided a causal explanation of academic performance through the analysis of students' disability status at the National Open University of Nigeria. The study adopted the descriptive research design of the 'ex-post facto' type. Stratified simple random sampling technique was used to select 1500 participants while purposive sampling technique was adopted to select the National Open University of Nigeria. Data were collected through questionnaire during the 2009 contact session. Two research questions and one hypothesis were answered and tested in the study. Pearson correlation, regression analysis and t-test were employed for data analysis. Students' disability status has significant contribution to academic performance. There was also a significant difference in students' academic performance based on disability status (t=2.39, df= 1488, P<0.05). Institutional providers should provide for adequate special support services and personnel for the exceptional students who may be disadvantaged in the programme.	Academic performance; Disability status; Distance education; Open university	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960109170	Socio-demographic variables and distance learners' academic performance at the University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Oladejo M.A., Nelson Adewole I.G.E., Fagunwa A.O., Arewa O.O.	2010	European Journal of Scientific Research	46	4	None	Federal College of Education (SP), Nigeria; Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Nigeria	Oladejo, M.A., Federal College of Education (SP), Nigeria; Nelson Adewole, I.G.E., Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Nigeria; Fagunwa, A.O., Federal College of Education (SP), Nigeria; Arewa, O.O., Federal College of Education (SP), Nigeria	The recognition of the importance of distance education in providing students with the best and most up-to-date educational resources available in addition to the traditional teaching methods that they receive has made several traditional Universities to rapidly transform themselves from single mode to dual mode Universities. With the growth and acceptance of distance education, it becomes critical to ensure the success of students in the programme. This study therefore provided a causal explanation of academic performance through the analysis of some students' socio-demographic variables at the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. The study adopted the descriptive research design of the 'ex-post facto' type. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 1500 participants while purposive sampling technique was adopted to select the University of Ibadan's Distance Learning Centre. Data were collected through self-designed questionnaire(r=.75). Two research questions were answered, while one hypothesis was tested at .05 level of significance. Regression analysis and t-test were employed for data analysis. Age and disability status made significant contributions to distance learners' academic performance. Gender has no significant difference on academic performance (t = .33, df =1488, P> 0.05). Students should pay serious attention to the selected factors, most importantly age and disability status. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2010.	Academic performance; Demographic variables; Distance learning; Social variables	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-46849096098	The effects of therapeutic management approach on depressive symptomatology and cognitive task performance among the physically challenged students of rehabilitation centre, Ibadan, Nigeria	Busari A.O., Eniola M.S.	2008	Anthropologist	10	1	None	Federal College of Education Special, Oyo, Nigeria; Department of Special Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Busari, A.O., Federal College of Education Special, Oyo, Nigeria; Eniola, M.S., Department of Special Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	This study investigated therapeutic management approach of depressive symptomatology on the performance of Cognitive task among the special need students of rehabilitation centre, Ibadan, Nigeria (male one hundred and eleven and female eight-nine), A self constructed validated questionnaire was used to generate data. The t-test statistics was employed to test the three research hypotheses formulated while the adjusted post-mean score was performed on the achievement test scores. Findings indicated that there were significant differences in the signs and symptoms of depression exhibited by the experimental and the control groups. Further, better cognitive task performance by the experimental group due to reduction in the level of signs and symptoms of depression was revealed. © Kamla-Raj 2008.	Cognitive task; Depressive symptomatology; Physically challenged; Therapeutic management	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897585604	Evaluation of fermented mango (Mangifera indica) seed meal in the practical diet of nile tilapia, (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings [Upotreba sjemena fermentiranog manga (mangifera indica) u hranidbi mlad{stroke}itilapije (Oreochromis niloticus)]	Obasa S.O., Alatise S.P., Omoniyi I.T., Alegbeleye W.O., George F.A.	2013	Ribarstvo, Croatian Journal of Fisheries	71	3	10.14798/71.3.660	Federal University of Agriculture, Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; National Institute of Freshwater Research, New Busa, Niger State, Nigeria	Obasa, S.O., Federal University of Agriculture, Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Alatise, S.P., National Institute of Freshwater Research, New Busa, Niger State, Nigeria; Omoniyi, I.T., Federal University of Agriculture, Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Alegbeleye, W.O., Federal University of Agriculture, Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; George, F.A., Federal University of Agriculture, Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	This study evaluated the use of fermented mango (Mangifera indica) seed meal (FMS) to substitute yellow maize in the practical diet for Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings (4.76±0.32 g). Five iso-nitrogeneous (35% crude protein) and approximately iso-energetic (3400 ME Kcal/kg) dietsin which yellow maize was replaced by FMSat 0% (FMS0/Control diet), 25% (FMS25), 50% (FMS50), 75% (FMS75) and 100% (FMS100) levels were formulated. The fish were fed on the diets at 5% body weight for 84 days. Alkaloids were mghest (2.32%) among the anti-nutritional factors analyzed in FMS, while oxalate (0.84%) was lowest. Potassium was highest (8.91 mg/g) among the minerals, while copper was lowest (0.01 mg/g). Weight gain, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio were similar (p>0.05) in fish fed diets FMS0 and FMS50. The fish fed diet FMS0 had the highest protein efficiency ratio (1.88). Protein digestibility decreased (p<0.05) as dietary FMS increased, while carbohydrate digestibility gave an inverse relationship. Results obtained show that FMS could replace yellow maize at 50% level without affecting growth, nutrient utilization and apparent protein digestibility in diets for Nile tilapia fingerlings.	Anti-nutritional factors; Fermentation; Mango seed; Nile tilapia; Nutrient digestibility	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84905020672	Evaluation of student industrial work experience scheme (SIWES) in library school: The federal polytechnic Nekede experience	Nse J.	2012	Library Philosophy and Practice	2012	APR	None	Federal University of Technology Library, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria	Nse, J., Federal University of Technology Library, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892576739	Performance of rental values of residential properties in selected areas in Akure, Nigeria between 2001 and 2011	Amietsenwu B.V.	2012	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	3	3	10.5901/mjss.2012.v3n3p531	Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria	Amietsenwu, B.V., Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria	The paper examined changes in rental values of residential properties in two neighbourhoods (Oke - Ijebu and Apatapiti) in Akure from 2001 to 2011. The intent is to provide a measure of the performance of this sector in the past years. Questionnaires were administered on 14 registered Estate Surveyors and Valuers practicing in Akure out of which 11 were returned and good for analysis. The returned questionnaires were analysed using the Trend Analysis and regression model for the computation of growth rate. The findings indicated that rental value of 3 Bedroom flat and tenement accommodation have been on the increase since 2001 to 2011 especially with Apatapiti neighbourhood having higher rental values than Oke - Ijebu. The result also showed the growth rates of 3 bedroom flat and tenement accommodation in Oke Ijebu to be 38.44% and 43.07% respectively as against 23.15% and 34.98% for 3 bedroom and tenement accommodation in Apatapiti area. It is therefore, recommended that the federal government should build more hostels in the Federal University of Technology Akure which is close to Apatapiti one of the study areas. This gesture will help to lessen the burden on accommodation especially in Apatapiti thereby, reducing the undue advantage taken by landlords in increasing rents.	Popuiation; Rental values; Residential property	None	None
WoS	WOS:000313929000021	Evaluating feasibility, reach and potential impact of a text message family planning information service in Tanzania	Lasway, Christine,L'Engle, Kelly L.,Ndakidemi, Elizabeth,Vandat, Heather L.,Zan, Trinity	2013	CONTRACEPTION	87	2	10.1016/j.contraception.2012.07.009	FHI 360	None	Background: The objective of this research was to evaluate the feasibility, reach and potential behavioral impact of providing automated family planning information via mobile phones to the general public in Tanzania. Study Design: Data from users of the Mobile for Reproductive Health (m4RH) program were collected during the 10-month pilot period. First, contraceptive methods queried by each user were electronically logged by the mobile phone system. Second, four text questions assessing gender, age, promotion point and potential family planning impact were sent to every user. Results: During the pilot period, 2870 unique users accessed m4RH in Tanzania, resulting in 4813 queries about specific contraceptive methods. Among those responding to text questions, 56% were female and approximately 60% were 29 or younger years in age. A variety of changes in family planning use were mentioned after using m4RH, with reported changes consistent with where users are in their reproductive life cycle. Conclusions: Reaching younger people, women and men of reproductive age with family planning information delivered via mobile phone is recommended. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.	"FAMILY PLANNING",MEN,"MOBILE PHONES",Tanzania,YOUTH,COMMUNICATION,KENYA,MEN	None	None
None	None	Integrating family planning services into HIV care and treatment clinics in Tanzania: Evaluation of a facilitated referral model	Baumgartner J.N., Green M., Weaver M.A., Mpangile G., Kohi T.W., Mujaya S.N., Lasway C.	2014	Health Policy and Planning	29	5	10.1093/heapol/czt043	FHI 360, Washington, DC 20009, United States; FHI 360, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; TUNAJALI II, Deloitte, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Futures Group, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Baumgartner, J.N., FHI 360, Washington, DC 20009, United States; Green, M., FHI 360, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States; Weaver, M.A., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Mpangile, G., TUNAJALI II, Deloitte, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Kohi, T.W., Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Mujaya, S.N., Futures Group, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Lasway, C., FHI 360, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States	Background Many clients of HIV care and treatment services have unmet contraceptive needs. Integrating family planning (FP) services into HIV services is an increasingly utilized strategy for meeting those unmet needs. However, numerous models for services integration are potentially applicable for clients with diverse health needs. This study developed and tested a 'facilitated referral' model for integrating FP into HIV care and treatment in Tanzania with the primary outcome being a reduction in unmet need for contraception among female clients. Methods The facilitated referral model included seven distinct steps for service providers. A quasi-experimental, pre-and post-test, repeated cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the impact of the model. Female clients at 12 HIV care and treatment clinics (CTCs) were interviewed pre-and post-intervention and CTC providers were interviewed post-intervention. Results A total of 323 CTC clients were interviewed pre-intervention and 299 were interviewed post-intervention. Among all clients, the adjusted decrease in proportion with unmet need (3%) was not significant (P = 0.103) but among only sexually active clients, the adjusted decrease (8%) approached significance (P = 0.052). Furthermore, the proportion of sexually active clients using a contraceptive method post-intervention increased by an estimated 12% (P = 0.013). Dual method use increased by 16% (P = 0.004). Increases were observed for all seven steps of the model from pre-to post-intervention. All providers (n = 45) stated that FP integration was a good addition although there were implementation challenges. Conclusion This study demonstrated that the facilitated referral model is a feasible strategy for integrating FP into HIV care and treatment services. The findings show that this model resulted in increased contraceptive use among HIV-positive female clients. By highlighting the distinct steps necessary for facilitated referrals, this study can help inform both programmes and future research efforts in services integration. © 2013 The Author.	family planning; HIV; referrals; service integration; Tanzania	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70349634072	Corporate governance and firm performance: Evidence from Ghanaian listed companies	Kyereboah-Coleman A., Adjasi C.K.D., Abor J.	2006	Corporate Ownership and Control	4	8.33333333333333E-02	None	Finance Department, University of Ghana Business School, Ghana	Kyereboah-Coleman, A., Finance Department, University of Ghana Business School, Ghana; Adjasi, C.K.D., Finance Department, University of Ghana Business School, Ghana; Abor, J., Finance Department, University of Ghana Business School, Ghana	Well governed firms have been noted to have higher firm performance. The main characteristic of corporate governance identified include board size, board composition, and whether the CEO is also the board chairman. This study examines the role corporate governance structures play in firm performance amongst listed firms on the Ghana Stock Exchange. Results reveal a likely optimal board size range where mean ROA levels associated with board size 8 to 11 are higher than overall mean ROA for the sample. Significantly, firm performance is found to be better in firms with the twotier board structure. Results show further that having more outside board members is positively related to firm performance. It is clear that corporate governance structures influence firm performance in Ghana, indeed within the governance structures the two-tier board structure in Ghana is seen to be more effective in view of the higher firm level mean values obtained compared to the one-tier system.	Board composition; CEO; Corporate governance; Ghana; Performance; ROA	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873979266	Impact of fiscal policy in an intertemporal CGE model for South Africa	Mabugu R., Robichaud V., Maisonnave H., Chitiga M.	2013	Economic Modelling	31	1	10.1016/j.econmod.2013.01.019	Financial and Fiscal Commission, Private Bag X69, Halfway House 1685, South Africa; CIRPEE, Université Laval and PEP network, Canada; Human Sciences Research Council, Economic Performance and Development Unit, South Africa	Mabugu, R., Financial and Fiscal Commission, Private Bag X69, Halfway House 1685, South Africa; Robichaud, V., CIRPEE, Université Laval and PEP network, Canada; Maisonnave, H., CIRPEE, Université Laval and PEP network, Canada; Chitiga, M., Human Sciences Research Council, Economic Performance and Development Unit, South Africa	This paper uses an intertemporal computable general equilibrium model to investigate the consequences of an expansive fiscal policy designed to accelerate economic growth in South Africa. A key contribution is made to existing literature on the transmission mechanism of fiscal policy in African economies. To the best of our knowledge, no published study has empirically analyzed the macroeconomic effects of fiscal policy in the context of an open, middle-income sub-Saharan African economy like South Africa using an integrated intertemporal model with such disaggregated production structure. The paper shows that an expansive fiscal policy would have a temporary impact on gross domestic product (GDP) but would translate into higher debt relative to GDP. Using increased taxation to finance the additional spending would lessen this impact but would also negatively affect macroeconomic variables. Increased investment spending would improve long-term GDP, under any financing scheme, and would decrease debt-to-GDP ratio as well as deficit-to-GDP ratio. This outcome is driven by the positive impact infrastructure has on total factor productivity. Sensitivity analysis shows that these conclusions are qualitatively similar for wide values of the elasticity of the total factor productivity to infrastructure. In fact, the conclusions hold even when comparing different financing schemes. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.	Infrastructure; Intertemporal CGE model; New growth path; South Africa; Total factor productivity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84888592221	Corporate governance and bank performance: Does ownership matter? Evidence from the Kenyan banking sector	Barako D.G., Tower G.	2006	Corporate Ownership and Control	4	2:00 AM	None	Financial Institutions Supervision Department, Central Bank of Kenya, Kenya; Curtin Business School, School of Accounting, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia	Barako, D.G., Financial Institutions Supervision Department, Central Bank of Kenya, Kenya; Tower, G., Curtin Business School, School of Accounting, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia	This paper provides an empirical analysis of banks performance in Kenya. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the association between ownership structure characteristics and bank performance. Data utilised in the study is collected from the Financial Institutions Department of the Central Bank of Kenya, both on-site inspection reports and off-site surveillance records. Empirical results indicate that ownership structure of banks significantly influence their financial performance. In particular, board and government ownership are significantly and negatively associated with bank performance, whereas foreign ownership is strongly positively associated with bank performance, and institutional shareholders have no impact on the performance of financial institutions in Kenya. The study makes a significant contribution to financial research by extending examination of banks performance to a developing country context beyond the usual confines of the developed western economies, and adds to the small number of similar studies in the African context. The results are consistent with prior research findings, and more importantly, presents statistical justification for pursuing further corporate governance reforms with respect to banks' ownership structure to enhance the financial stability of the sector.	Central Bank of Kenya; Corporate governance; Ownership structure	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84888319054	Ozone concentrations and their potential impacts on Vegetation in Southern Africa	Laakso L., Beukes J.P., Van Zyl P.G., Pienaar J.J., Josipovic M., Venter A., Jaars K., Vakkari V., Labuschagne C., Chiloane K., Tuovinen J.-P.	2013	Developments in Environmental Science	13	None	10.1016/B978-0-08-098349-3.00020-7	Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland; Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Cape Point GAW Observatory, ZAFn Weather Service, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Sustainability and Innovation, Environmental Sciences Department, Eskom, Johannesburg, South Africa	Laakso, L., Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland, Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Beukes, J.P., Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Van Zyl, P.G., Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Pienaar, J.J., Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Josipovic, M., Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Venter, A., Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Jaars, K., Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Vakkari, V., Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Labuschagne, C., Cape Point GAW Observatory, ZAFn Weather Service, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Chiloane, K., Sustainability and Innovation, Environmental Sciences Department, Eskom, Johannesburg, South Africa; Tuovinen, J.-P., Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland	The tropospheric ozone concentrations over southern Africa are relatively high due to large precursor emissions from biomass burning, vegetation and anthropogenic sources and the intensity of solar radiation. In this study, we summarize ozone concentration data from both literature and new measurements. Further, we present data on the accumulated vegetation exposure to ozone in terms of the AOT40 index, which is calculated for the sites with hourly ozone and radiation data, with an aim to assess the potential for adverse effects on vegetation. As the seasonal variation of ozone concentrations is large, we discuss the effect of growing season onset on the stomatal gas exchange and the related potential for vegetation impacts. Finally, future research needs are discussed. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.	Air pollution; AOT40; South Africa; Tropospheric ozone; Vegetation impacts	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84942198979	The impact of financial integration in Botswana	Mmolainyane K.K., Ahmed A.D.	2015	Journal of Policy Modeling	37	5	10.1016/j.jpolmod.2015.03.015	Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia; University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana; College of Business, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia	Mmolainyane, K.K., Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana; Ahmed, A.D., College of Business, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia	This study examines the impact of financial integration in Botswana. Direct and indirect transmission channels to growth are investigated. Financial integration commonly influences growth through encouraging cross border capital flows, transferring technologies and managerial expertise and promoting risk sharing. These market developments that are realized translate into enhanced access to finance as intermediation channels improve. Our empirical results are in line with previous literature in that financial depth does occur in the wake of the financial integration era and positively influences growth in Botswana. Not withholding, our results reveal that market depth has not promoted access to private sector's credit in Botswana so far. To a larger extent, a negative impact of financial integration on growth is observed as there could be short-term risks associated with increased financial openness. Nonetheless, an indirect, significant and positive influence from financial integration through financial access to growth is also observed. This indirect transmission demonstrates that financial integration increases financial innovation which in turn fosters growth in the country. Financial innovation enhances service delivery and improves access to financial services. We observe a positive influence from macroeconomic and institutional variables implying prevalence of sound and prudent supervisory structure and the rule of law in Botswana. Policy wise, there is still need and scope for greater financial integration, financial development and financial access which can contribute to national development goals of sustainable economic growth, diversification, employment creation and poverty reduction in Botswana. © 2015 Society for Policy Modeling.	Botswana; Economic growth; Financial access; Financial integration	None	None
WoS	WOS:000311637600011	Exploring Household Economic Impacts of Childhood Diarrheal Illnesses in 3 African Settings	Adegbola, Richard A.,Breiman, Robert F.,Farag, Tamer H.,Kotloff, Karen L.,Kukla, Matt,Levine, Myron M.,Nasrin, Dilruba,Omore, Richard,Onwuchekwa, Uma,Rheingans, Richard,Saha, Debasish,Sow, Samba O.	2012	CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES	55	None	10.1093/cid/cis763	Florida State University System, GlaxoSmithKline, University of Florida, University of Maryland Baltimore, University System of Maryland, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent KEMRI CDC, Ctr Vaccine Dev Mali, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent	"Adegbola, Richard A.: GlaxoSmithKline","Farag, Tamer H.: University of Maryland Baltimore","Farag, Tamer H.: University System of Maryland","Kotloff, Karen L.: University of Maryland Baltimore","Kotloff, Karen L.: University System of Maryland","Kukla, Matt: Florida State University System","Kukla, Matt: University of Florida","Levine, Myron M.: University of Maryland Baltimore","Levine, Myron M.: University System of Maryland","Nasrin, Dilruba: University of Maryland Baltimore","Nasrin, Dilruba: University System of Maryland","Rheingans, Richard: Florida State University System","Rheingans, Richard: University of Florida",	Beyond the morbidity and mortality burden of childhood diarrhea in sub-Saharan African are significant economic costs to affected households. Using survey data from 3 of the 4 sites in sub-Saharan Africa (Gambia, Kenya, Mali) participating in the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS), we estimated the direct medical, direct nonmedical, and indirect (productivity losses) costs borne by households due to diarrhea in young children. Mean cost per episode was $2.63 in Gambia, $6.24 in Kenya, and $4.11 in Mali. Direct medical costs accounted for less than half of these costs. Mean costs understate the distribution of costs, with 10% of cases exceeding $6.50, $11.05, and $13.84 in Gambia, Kenya, and Mali. In all countries there was a trend toward lower costs among poorer households and in 2 of the countries for diarrheal illness affecting girls. For poor children and girls, this may reflect reduced household investment in care, which may result in increased risks of mortality.	,COMMUNITY,COST-EFFECTIVENESS,DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES,GASTROENTERITIS,HEALTH-CARE-SEEKING,KENYA,MORTALITY,"ROTAVIRUS VACCINATION",SERVICES,"USER FEES"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000250391300001	The reliability and validity of self-report measures used to evaluate adolescent HIV/AIDS prevention programs in Sub-saharan Africa	Aastrom, Anne N.,Klepp, Knut-Inge,Komro, Kelli A.,Kugler, Karl C.,Masatu, Melkiory,Mnyika, Kagoma S.,Stigler, Melissa H.	2007	AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION	19	5	None	Florida State University System, University of Bergen, University of Florida, University of Minnesota System, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, University of Oslo, Blue Cross Blue Shield Minnesota	None	The use of reliable and valid tools to evaluate theory-based health interventions is widely accepted as critical to the behavioral sciences. However, quite often the psychometric properties of survey instruments used to evaluate behavioral interventions are not published, limiting our understanding of how the theory works. The purpose of this study was to present the results of psychometric analyses on measures used to evaluate an HIV/AIDS prevention program for youth in Tanzania. We first began by pilot-testing a self-administered questionnaire with sixth-and seventh-grade students in nine schools in 11 villages throughout the Kahe ward of Tanzania (n = 524). Theory-based scales tapped into intrapersonal, social and attitudinal factors. Reliability was evaluated by examining internal consistency, while validity was determined by examining content, construct and discriminant validities. The results indicate that the scales constructed are reasonably reliable and valid measures. Use of these measures should be considered when designing, implementing, and analyzing interventions targeting youth in sub-Saharan Africa.	,"AIDS EDUCATION","CONDOM USE",HIV,INTENTIONS,PREDICTORS,"PRIMARY-SCHOOL CHILDREN",RISK,SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR,TANZANIA,YOUTH	None	None
WoS	WOS:000328688700002	The impact of church contextual factors on church-going youth's HIV prevention behaviour in Nairobi, Kenya: A cross-denominational study	Miller, Ann Neville,Ngula, Kyalo Wa	2013	AJAR-AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AIDS RESEARCH	12	3	10.2989/16085906.2013.863213	Florida State University System, University of Central Florida, Africa Nazarene Univ	"Miller, Ann Neville: Florida State University System","Miller, Ann Neville: University of Central Florida",	Church doctrine about sexual behaviour has long been assumed to have an impact on aspects of the sub-Saharan AIDS epidemic, and evidence suggests that Pentecostal churches have a stronger influence THAN? on the sexual behaviour of their adherents. However, few studies have investigated the denominational differences in sexual attitudes and behaviour of youths, and virtually no empirical evidence is available regarding what specific aspects of the church environment are associated with differences in the response of youths to church messaging about sexual behaviour. This study examined those factors among church-going youth in Nairobi, Kenya. Separate focus groups with male and female youths were conducted in four mainline and three Pentecostal/evangelical (P/E) churches, and in-depth interviews were conducted with youth pastors or pastors of five of those churches. Content of church teaching as reported by youths and pastors did not differ between denominations. However, amount and context of teaching did vary, with P/E churches reportedly offering more teaching about sex to their youth. In addition, P/E churches appeared to provide a more intense experience of community than mainline churches, a situation that may create a context within which abstinence appears to be a reasonable life choice.	churches,Pentecostals,"youth HIV prevention",AIDS-PREVENTION,CAMPAIGN,COMMUNICATION,EXPOSURE,HIV/AIDS,MOZAMBIQUE,RELIGION,STUDENTS,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA",TALK	None	None
WoS	WOS:000248879800001	Predicted impact of HIV/AIDS on improved fallow adoption and rural household food security in Malawi	Hildebrand, P. E.,Kwesigal, F.,Thangata, P. H.	2007	SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT	15	4	10.1002/sd.323	Florida State University System, University of Florida, Forum Agr Res Agr Res Africa FARA, SADC Secretariat	None	Research was conducted to assess the impact of HIV/AIDS on improved fallow adoption and rural household food security in Malawi. An ethnographic linear programming model was created for a representative household with three scenarios: no illness, adult female illness and adult male illness. Results show that the impact of HIV/AIDS on food production depends on the patient's gender. If a male head of household is sick and later dies, available field labour is reduced as family members are expected to care for him and, consequently, less food and cash crops are produced, which creates a food insecure household. However, when a woman is sick and later dies, the effect on male labour is not as great, as males are not care-givers. We conclude that in an HIV/AIDS environment, agroforestry adoption is more feasible in households in which available labour is undisrupted for longer periods of time. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.	Africa,AGROFORESTRY,HIV/AIDS,"IMPROVED FALLOWS",MALAWI,"Rural food security",SMALLHOLDER,AGROFORESTRY,CONSERVATION,FARMERS,HIGHLANDS,PROGRAMS,SOIL,TANZANIA	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84905967088	Development and evaluation of low cost evaporative cooling systems to minimise postharvest losses of tomatoes (Roma vf) around Woreta, Ethiopia	Woldemariam H.W., Abera B.D.	2014	International Journal of Postharvest Technology and Innovation	4	1	10.1504/IJPTI.2014.064165	Food Technology and Process Engineering, Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 26, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia	Woldemariam, H.W., Food Technology and Process Engineering, Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 26, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Abera, B.D., Food Technology and Process Engineering, Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 26, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia	Low cost evaporative cooling systems were developed and investigated for their cooling efficiency to improve the shelf life of tomatoes. Average cooling efficiencies of bamboo jute and pot in pot coolers before being loaded with tomatoes were 82% and 79% and after being loaded were 67.6% and 61.6%, respectively. Physiological weight losses were 1.03%, 1.32% and 1.42% for bamboo jute, pot in pot coolers and ambient storage, respectively. The sensory results revealed that the shelf life of tomatoes were 5, 19 and 21 days for ambient, pot in pot and bamboo jute coolers, respectively. Storage type has significant difference on cooling efficiency but not on physiological weight loss, physical damage, freshness and rot incidence at p < 0.05. Thus, both evaporative coolers were found to be energy efficient, environmentally sound and can be used in areas where there is no electricity to improve the shelf life of tomatoes. Copyright © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Cooling efficiency; Evaporative cooling; Postharvest loss; Shelf life; Tomatoes.	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901381005	Association of Nodule Performance Traits with Shoot Performance Traits of Common Bean Under Drought Stress	Fenta B.A., Beebe S.E., Rao I.M., Kunert K.J.	2014	Journal of Crop Improvement	28	3	10.1080/15427528.2014.910287	Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Plant Science Department, University of Pretoria, Hillcrest, Pretoria, South Africa; Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Cali, Colombia; Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Melkassa Agricultural Research Centre, Adama, Ethiopia	Fenta, B.A., Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Plant Science Department, University of Pretoria, Hillcrest, Pretoria, South Africa, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Melkassa Agricultural Research Centre, Adama, Ethiopia; Beebe, S.E., Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Cali, Colombia; Rao, I.M., Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Cali, Colombia; Kunert, K.J., Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Plant Science Department, University of Pretoria, Hillcrest, Pretoria, South Africa	Although symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) and nodule characteristics have been evaluated before, their use as phenotypic markers for drought tolerance in beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and their association with aboveground traits under water deficiency have not been quantified widely. Therefore, the effect of drought stress on the association of nodule performance traits with shoot performance traits was investigated using six common bean lines with contrasting differences in their adaptation to drought and low phosphorus (P) availability in soil. Drought stress reduced leaf water potential and gas-exchange characteristics (CO2 assimilation, stomatal conductance) in all lines tested, but two drought-tolerant lines, BAT 477 and BT_34-1,-1, were superior in their ability to adjust their leaf water status under drought. These two lines were also superior in root growth, rate of CO2 assimilation, vegetative biomass production, and nitrogen-fixing ability under drought stress. A direct relation of SNF and nodule fresh weight with gas-exchange traits and biomass production existed, suggesting that relative growth of shoot vs. root depends on the provision of nitrogen by SNF and photosynthetic carbon assimilation. Overall, differences found in nodule, root, and shoot performance traits indicated that the P-efficient bean line (BT_34-1-1) was superior to the other lines in adaptation to drought. Marked association of nodule performance traits with shoot performance traits under drought stress was detected. We suggest that nodule characteristics and SNF ability should be included with above- and below-ground traits as phenotypic markers in germplasm evaluation and breeding programs aimed at improving drought tolerance in common bean. © Taylor &amp; Francis Group, LLC.	Biomass; drought tolerance; nodule performance; phenotypic marker; symbiotic nitrogen fixation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84887683519	Reproductive, survival and growth performance of intergeneric cross of Exotic Dutch Clarias, Heterobranchus bidorsalis and Heterobranchus longifilis in Sokoto North-West Nigeria	Ipinjolu J.K., Abubakar M.Y., Magawata I., Buko M.I.	2013	AACL Bioflux	6	6	None	Forestry and Fisheries Department, Usmanu Danfododiyo University, PMB 2346 Sokoto, Sokoto state, Nigeria	Ipinjolu, J.K., Forestry and Fisheries Department, Usmanu Danfododiyo University, PMB 2346 Sokoto, Sokoto state, Nigeria; Abubakar, M.Y., Forestry and Fisheries Department, Usmanu Danfododiyo University, PMB 2346 Sokoto, Sokoto state, Nigeria; Magawata, I., Forestry and Fisheries Department, Usmanu Danfododiyo University, PMB 2346 Sokoto, Sokoto state, Nigeria; Buko, M.I., Forestry and Fisheries Department, Usmanu Danfododiyo University, PMB 2346 Sokoto, Sokoto state, Nigeria	Gamete from Heterobranchus bidorsalis (Hb), Heterobranchus longifilis (Hl) and Exotic Dutch Clarias (EC) were used to fertilize eggs from female Exotic Dutch Clarias to produce pure Exotic Dutch Clarias and its paternal hybrids in other to assess their induced spawning, survival and growth potentials in the hatchery. The female and males were induced with Ovatide at 0.2 mL kg-1 and 0.1 mL kg-1 body weight respectively and fertilized in triplicate. Hatchlings of each cross were stocked at 500 hatchlings per plastic bowls in a completely randomized design and reared on decapsulated Artemia for four weeks. The percent fertilization was highest (92.67±1.76) in cross EC♂ × EC♀ and was statistically not significant from other crosses (p &gt; 0.05). Highest (42.25±3.82) percent hatchability was obtained in cross Hb♂ × EC♀ but significantly not different (p &gt; 0.05) from other crosses. Cross (Hl♂ × EC♀) showed significantly (p &lt; 0.05) poor survival (35.93±4.23) compared to crosses EC♂ × EC♀ and Hb♂ × EC♀ on decapsulated Artemia. Cross EC♂ × EC♀ had the highest weight gain (0.172±0.003), percent weight gain (17171.0±318.93) and specific growth rate (7.99±0.03) with no significant (p &gt; 0.05) from other crosses. Reproductive performances of the treatments were good while the offspring from cross (EC♂ × EC♀) had the best survival and growth performance.	Decapsulated Artemia; Fertilization; Growth performance; Hatchability; Induced spawning; Paternal hybrids	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79958150855	Electrical performance results of an energy efficient building with an integrated photovoltaic system	Ziuku S., Meyer E.L.	2010	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	21	3	None	Fort Hare Institute of Technology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa	Ziuku, S., Fort Hare Institute of Technology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa; Meyer, E.L., Fort Hare Institute of Technology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa	A 3.8 kW rooftop photovoltaic generator has been installed on an energy efficient house built at the University of Fort Hare, Alice campus, South Africa. The system, located on the north facing roof, started generating electrical power in February 2009. In addition to providing electrical energy, the photovoltaic panels also act as the building roofing material. An instrumentation and data acquisition system was installed to record the indoor and outdoor ambient temperature, indoor and outdoor relative humidity, wind speed and direction, solar irradiance, electrical energy produced by the solar panels and the household energy consumption. This paper presents the initial results of the electrical performance of the building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) generator and energy consumption patterns in the energy efficient house.	Building integrated photovoltaics; Energy consumption; Energy demand; Energy efficiency	None	None
WoS	WOS:000327889700019	Evaluation of the impact of a breast cancer awareness program in rural Ghana: A cross-sectional survey	Ali, Ibrahim A.,Anderson, Benjamin O.,Dabis, Francois,Malvy, Denis,Mena, Marisa,Sasco, Annie J.,Sauvaget, Catherine,Wiafe-Addai, Beatrice,Wiafe, Seth A.	2014	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER	134	4	10.1002/ijc.28412	Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm), Loma Linda University, Universite de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Segalen Univ, Breast Care Int & Peace & Love Hosp, Catalan Inst Oncol, Int Agcy Res Canc	"Ali, Ibrahim A.: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center","Anderson, Benjamin O.: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center","Wiafe, Seth A.: Loma Linda University",	Community awareness is crucial to early detection of breast cancer in low- and middle-income countries. In Ghana 60% of the cases are detected at late stages. Breast Care International (BCI) is a Ghanaian non-governmental organization dedicated to raising breast cancer awareness. A cross-sectional survey was designed to assess the impact of BCI program on knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) toward breast cancer among women from rural communities of Ghana. A total of 232 women were interviewed in June 2011 in the Ashanti region; of these 131 participants were from a community that received the BCI program in August 2010 (intervention group) and 101 from another community that received the program post-survey (referent group). Data analysis was performed using Epi-Info version 3.5.3. Knowledge about breast cancer among participants who received the program was better than among those who did not. Only 53.5% of participants from the referent group knew that breast cancer usually appears as painless breast lump when compared to 82.3% from the intervention group. Participants who attended the program were significantly more likely to obtain higher knowledge scores (odds ratio (OR) = 2.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.14-3.86) and to state practicing breast self-examination (OR = 12.29, 95% CI = 5.31-28.48). The BCI program improved KAP toward breast cancer. Further research is warranted to provide stronger evidence that the program improves breast cancer early detection.	"awareness program","BREAST CANCER","EARLY DETECTION",GHANA,AREA,CONSENSUS,IBADAN,"INCOME COUNTRIES",LOW-RESOURCE,MANAGEMENT,NIGERIA,WOMEN	None	None
WoS	WOS:000268259800012	Impact of Prior HAART Use on Clinical Outcomes in a Large Kenyan HIV Treatment Program	Chung, Michael H.,Drake, Alison L.,John-Stewart, Grace C.,Kiarie, James N.,Reddy, Ashok,Richardson, Barbra A.,Sakr, Samah R.,Thiga, Joan,Yowakim, Paul	2009	CURRENT HIV RESEARCH	7	4	None	Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, University of Nairobi, University of Washington, University of Washington Seattle, Copt Hosp	"Chung, Michael H.: University of Washington","Chung, Michael H.: University of Washington Seattle","Drake, Alison L.: University of Washington","Drake, Alison L.: University of Washington Seattle","John-Stewart, Grace C.: University of Washington","John-Stewart, Grace C.: University of Washington Seattle","Kiarie, James N.: University of Nairobi",	Background: HIV treatment programs in Africa typically approach all enrolling patients uniformly. Growing numbers of patients are antiretroviral experienced. Defining patients on the basis of antiretroviral experience may inform enrollment practices, particularly if medical outcomes differ. Methods: Baseline and follow-up measures (CD4, weight change, and survival) were compared in a retrospective analysis between antiretroviral-naive (ARV-N) and antiretroviral experience (ARV-E) patients enrolled at the Coptic Hope Center for Infectious Diseases in Nairobi, Kenya and followed between January 2004 and August 2006. Results: 1,307 ARV-N and 962 ARV-E patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) were followed for median of 9 months (interquartile range: 4-16 months). Compared to ARV-N, ARV-E had substantially higher CD4 count (median cells/mm(3), 193 versus 95, P &lt; 0.001) and weight (median kg, 62 versus 57, P &lt; 0.001) at baseline, and lower rates of change in CD4 (-9.2 cells/mm(3)/month; 95% CI, -11.4--7.0) and weight (-0.24 kg/month; 95% CI, -0.35--0.14) over 12 months. Mortality was significantly higher in ARV-N than ARV-E (P = 0.001). Conclusions: ARV-E patients form a growing group that differs significantly from ARV-N patients and requires a distinct approach from ARV-N clients. Systematic approaches to streamline care of ARV-E patients may allow focused attention on early ARV-N clients whose mortality risks are substantially higher.	Africa,"clinic flow",experience,HAART,HIV-1,MORTALITY,"1ST YEAR","ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",COHORT,COUNTRIES,"EARLY MORTALITY","RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS",SCALE-UP,SERVICE,SOUTH-AFRICA,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000277529200009	Monitoring environmental management at primary schools in South Africa	Craenhals, Eric,Hens, Luc,Raath, Schalk,Renders, Paul,Richter, Barry,Stone, Riana,Wiedemann, Torsten	2010	JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION	18	7	10.1016/j.jclepro.2009.11.001	Free University of Brussels, Siemens AG, Tshwane University of Technology, Flemish Govt, Museum Pk Enviro Ctr	"Craenhals, Eric: Siemens AG","Hens, Luc: Free University of Brussels","Renders, Paul: Siemens AG","Stone, Riana: Tshwane University of Technology","Wiedemann, Torsten: Free University of Brussels",	With the aid of universities Environmental Management Systems (EMSs) were developed and implemented in 39 primary schools in Northern Gauteng and Southern Limpopo Provinces, South Africa in 2005. Between 2006 and 2008, the assisting universities monitored the implementation process to evaluate the progress the schools made in environmental management and performance. The monitoring results exposed the main parameters, which lead to an improvement of the environmental performance of the schools. These results can be used to improve the process of EMS implementation in the future. This paper presents the monitoring results and discusses the correlations between the different managerial aspects on the one hand and the environmental performances on the other hand. The major observations were: a) The elaboration of the managerial aspects seems to evolve in a similar way at the different schools, independent from the social-economic type of the schools (urban, rural or township). b) Successful implementation of the EMS starts with the implementation of managerial instruments: The integration of environmental aspects in the management of the school is positively correlated with the environmental performance of the schools (water, waste and greening), but not with energy-related environmental performances. c) The implementation of managerial instruments starts with good planning, followed by communication and co-operation, where the whole school team has to be involved. d) Universities have important opportunities to take the lead in this hardly explored area of research. The results open interesting opportunities for further research on how to optimize the functioning of the EMS in primary schools in the Northern part of South Africa. A model that relates the determinants of a successful EMS might be a first step. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	"capacity building",eco-schools,"ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT",MONITORING,"Primary schools in South Africa","sustainable living"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897825166	The interpretation of a knowledge claim in the Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) and the impact of this on RPL practice	de Graaff F.	2014	Studies in Continuing Education	36	1	10.1080/0158037X.2013.779239	Fundani Center for Higher Education Development (CHED), Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT), Cape Town, South Africa	de Graaff, F., Fundani Center for Higher Education Development (CHED), Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT), Cape Town, South Africa	The question addressed in this paper is: what does a knowledge claim consist of in the context of the Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)? The research comprises a case study of RPL applicants' entry into a postgraduate diploma (a fourth-year programme) in project management. The focus is on the knowledge claims made as part of the RPL application by experienced project managers and leaders. Three different aspects of the knowledge claims are analysed: what the knowledge claim consists of; what the academic interpretation of the claims is; and how the interpretation of the claims impacts on the RPL approach. The findings deal with the knowledge of the project management cycle prior to entry into higher education. It is found that knowledge claims not only consist of theoretical knowledge but also mainly situational knowledge, ability and attitude. In addition, the knowledge claims made in the RPL application based on the relevant and substantial knowledge are acknowledged by the academic institution in question. The RPL approach that results from the interpretation of the knowledge claims does conform to one RPL approach, within the paradigm of project management. © 2013 © 2013 Taylor & Francis.	assessment; knowledge claim; project management; Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL); situational knowledge; workplace learning	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84961119304	Understanding global change impacts on South African biomes using Dynamic Vegetation Models	Moncrieff G.R., Scheiter S., Slingsby J.A., Higgins S.I.	2015	South African Journal of Botany	101	None	10.1016/j.sajb.2015.02.004	Fynbos Node, South African Environmental Observation Network (SAEON), Centre for Biodiversity Conservation, Kirstenbosch Gardens, Private Bag X7, Rhodes Drive, Claremont, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberg Research Institute, Natural History Museum, Senckenberganlage 25, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Centre for Statistics in Ecology, Environment and Conservation, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, South Africa; Department of Botany, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand	Moncrieff, G.R., Fynbos Node, South African Environmental Observation Network (SAEON), Centre for Biodiversity Conservation, Kirstenbosch Gardens, Private Bag X7, Rhodes Drive, Claremont, Cape Town, South Africa, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Scheiter, S., Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberg Research Institute, Natural History Museum, Senckenberganlage 25, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Slingsby, J.A., Fynbos Node, South African Environmental Observation Network (SAEON), Centre for Biodiversity Conservation, Kirstenbosch Gardens, Private Bag X7, Rhodes Drive, Claremont, Cape Town, South Africa, Centre for Statistics in Ecology, Environment and Conservation, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, South Africa; Higgins, S.I., Department of Botany, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand	The distribution of South African biomes is expected to be drastically altered as a result of climatic change and increasing atmospheric CO2 in the 21st century. Developing the capacity to anticipate change is of critical importance if we are to mitigate and efficiently adapt to the reorganization of South African vegetation cover. Dynamic Vegetation Models (DVMs) simulate the distribution and functioning of plant functional types (PFTs) and their interactions. Outputs include biome distribution maps, assessments of carbon cycling and the quantification of plant productivity, all of which can be produced for past, present and future conditions. DVMs were originally conceived of as analogs to general circulation models (GCMs) and applied globally, but to be unbiased globally necessitates choosing parameters and representing processes that may not be regionally appropriate. Models populated with a modified suite of PFTs and parameterized appropriately for local conditions are better suited to studies concerned with vegetation dynamics and global change impacts at the country or continent-scale. In their current form DGVMs do not include the plant types and key processes of many South African biomes. Therefore, while projections of global change impacts are available for biomes dominated by forest trees, savanna trees and grasses, little can be learned about some of our most biodiverse and threatened biomes, particularly the Fynbos and Thicket biomes, and the Succulent Karoo. We outline the limitations of existing DVMs and improvements required before reliable projections of global change impacts on South African biomes can be produced. Reparameterization of some PFTs and fire models could easily be achieved, and would lead to large improvements in model simulations. However, there remain numerous processes and facets of the ecology of South African vegetation that will limit the applicability of DVMs in their current form. © 2015 South African Association of Botanists.	Biome; CO2; Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (DGVM); Dynamic Vegetation Model (DVM); Fynbos; Global change; Plant functional type (PFT)	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79959670878	Designing self-evaluation instruments for academic programmes: Lessons and challenges	Ansah F.	2010	Evaluation and Research in Education	23	2	10.1080/09500791003717238	Garden City University College, P.O. Box 12775, Kenyasi, Kumasi, KK, Ghana	Ansah, F., Garden City University College, P.O. Box 12775, Kenyasi, Kumasi, KK, Ghana	A study was conducted to design valid and reliable self-evaluation instruments for periodic evaluation of academic programmes of Bolgatanga Polytechnic in Ghana, using evaluation experts and relevant stakeholders of the polytechnic. This paper presents some of the challenges, including those of institutional support, the technical demands of designing the instrument and that of culture. How these challenges were met and the lessons learnt illustrate how selfevaluation was introduced to an institution where previously no course evaluation had been carried out. © 2010 Taylor & Francis.	Academic programmes; Instrument design; Self-evaluation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84931274129	Impact of HIV on and the constructions of masculinities among HIV-positive men in South Africa: Implications for secondary prevention programs	Sikweyiya Y., Jewkes R., Dunkle K.	2015	Global Health Action	8	1	10.3402/gha.v7.24631	Gender and Health Research Unit, Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States	Sikweyiya, Y., Gender and Health Research Unit, Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa; Jewkes, R., Gender and Health Research Unit, Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa; Dunkle, K., Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States	Background: To date, whilst there have been many published studies exploring the links between masculinity and HIV, not much work has been done to explore how an HIV-positive diagnosis impacts men's sense of masculinity and contextualizing the masculinities as fluid and changing. Objective: To explore how human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) impacts the lives of men and their constructions of masculinity through interviews with 18 men living with HIV. Design: Qualitative study involving conveniently and purposively selected black South African adult men who lived with HIV. In-depth interviews were conducted with 18 men who resided in Johannesburg and Mthatha, South Africa. Results: Our analysis suggests that the performance of risky masculinity may influence the acquisition of HIV. Yet, it also reveals that HIV can have a significant effect on men and their masculinities. Men's constructions of harmful notions of hegemonic masculinity pre-HIV diagnosis negatively affected their help-seeking behavior and coping and adjustment to living with HIV, post-diagnosis. The dominant discourse that men are strong and healthy visibly presented challenges for men when faced with an HIV-positive status. They interpreted HIV diagnosis as a loss, a sign of failure as a man, and evidence of an inability to retain control. Being sick undermined their ability to perform roles expected of them, and this led to feelings of powerlessness, worthlessness, and distress. Conclusions: Interventions with men living with HIV need to provide safe spaces for men to critically explore gender and constructions of social identities and the pressures these place on men and implications for their health. With this approach, harmful constructions of masculinities may be challenged and mitigated, and this process may render men amenable to change. © 2014 Yandisa M. Sikweyiya et al.	Coping and adjustment; HIV; Masculinities; Men; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-54249166637	Review of impacts affecting Eskom due to loss of I&C know-how, engineering capacity and vendor constraints	Viljoen J., Veldman J.J.	2008	VGB PowerTech	88	9	None	Generation Technology Department, Eskom, Johannesburg, South Africa	Viljoen, J., Generation Technology Department, Eskom, Johannesburg, South Africa; Veldman, J.J., Generation Technology Department, Eskom, Johannesburg, South Africa	Over the last few years. Eskom has experienced a significant turnover of staff leading to an extreme skill shortage. In an attempt to counteract these threats, Eskom has been devcloping a number of strategies, targeting the various issues. These include adopting a more standardised approach, the use of more stringent policies and procedures, introducing knowledge management principles, providing a centralised oversight function, and implementing advanced information management solutions. This paper will discuss some of Eskom's recent experiences, as well as some of the proposed strategies to deal with them.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-72649104663	Chesapeake bay impact structure deep drilling project completes coring	Gohn G.S., Koeberl C., Miller K.G., Reimold W.U., Abramov O., Aleman Gonzalez W., Bach N., Blazejak A., Browning J., Bruce T., Budet C., Bybell L., Cobbs Jr. E., Cobbs III E., Cockell C., Corland B., Durand C., Dypvik H., Eckberg J., Edwards L., Eichenaue	2006	Scientific Drilling	1	3	10.2204/iodp.sd.3.07.2006	Geological Survey, 926A National Center, Reston, VA, United States; University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States; University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany	Gohn, G.S., Geological Survey, 926A National Center, Reston, VA, United States; Koeberl, C., University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Miller, K.G., Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States; Reimold, W.U., University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany; Abramov, O.; Aleman Gonzalez, W.; Bach, N.; Blazejak, A.; Browning, J.; Bruce, T.; Budet, C.; Bybell, L.; Cobbs Jr., E.; Cobbs III, E.; Cockell, C.; Corland, B.; Durand, C.; Dypvik, H.; Eckberg, J.; Edwards, L.; Eichenauer, S.; Elbra, T.; Elmore, A.; Glidewell, J.; Gohn, G.; Gronstal, A.; Harris, A.; Heidinger, P.; Hester, S.-C.; Horton, W.; Jones, K.; Julson, A.; King, D.; Kirshtein, J.; Koeberl, C.; Kohout, T.; Kraemer, T.; Kring, D.; Kulpecz, A.; Kunk, M.; Larson, D.; Limpitlaw, U.; Lowit, M.; McKeown, N.; McLaughlin, P.; Miller, K.; Mizintseva, S.; Morin, R.; Morrow, J.; Murray, J.; Ormö, J.; Ortiz Martinez, R.; Petruny, L.; Pierce, H.; Plescia, J.; Powars, D.; Pusz, A.; Queen, D.B.; Queen, D.G.; Reimold, U.; Sanford, W.; Seefelt, E.; Self-Trail, J.; Vanko, D.; Voytek, M.; Wade, B.; Wade, J.; Webster, D.; Zinn, B.; Zivkovic, V.	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79957940124	Shifting governance in STI: An analysis of the global governance institutions and their impact on South African policy	Rennkamp B., Naidoo D.	2011	South African Journal of International Affairs	18	1	10.1080/10220461.2011.564427	German Development Institute/Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE), Bonn, Germany; University of Pretoria, Tshwane - Gauteng, South Africa	Rennkamp, B., German Development Institute/Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE), Bonn, Germany; Naidoo, D., University of Pretoria, Tshwane - Gauteng, South Africa	Science, technology and innovation (STI) policy is increasingly part of global politics. This article develops the argument that the governance of STI policy shifted with South Africa's transition to democracy and its re-integration into the international system. The traditionally inward oriented policy field has undergone a shift in governance towards internationalisation. This paper assesses these changes and their impact on South Africa's policymaking processes. The discussion seeks to span two disciplines, international relations and economic research on innovation, recognising the role of intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) in domestic STI policymaking. We argue that the relationship between IGOs and national governments is two-sided and changes over time. The case of the South African government shows how it changed from the receiving end of the policy advice from IGOs towards an active force in shaping the international system with regard to STI, and pursuit of its own interests through spreading and setting up international norms. We hypothesise that these changes result from increasing governance capability and policy learning. These relationships between national and international actors and the role of international organisations in domestic STI policy formulation will be disentangled in this paper presenting two main findings. Firstly, the analysis of the global governance architecture in STI shows that international legalisation in STI has changed towards soft law mechanisms. In the early days of STI, international organisations focused mainly on regulating intellectual property rights (IPR), while today various UN agencies, OECD committees and Bretton Woods institutions seek to influence governments through rankings, reviews, policy advice, performance measurement, data collection and periodical surveillance. Secondly, during its process of reintegration into the international political system, the South African government demonstrated an evolution from exclusively receiving IGO's policy advice to increasingly becoming an initiator of international policy platforms in STI. © 2011 The South African Institute of International Affairs.	Foreign policy; Global governance; OECD; Science and technology; Soft law; South Africa; United nations	None	None
WoS	WOS:000286143100001	Turning around an ailing district hospital: a realist evaluation of strategic changes at Ho Municipal Hospital (Ghana)	Dedzo, McDamien,Kegels, Guy,Marchal, Bruno	2010	BMC PUBLIC HEALTH	10	None	10.1186/1471-2458-10-787	Ghana Health Service, Inst Trop Med	"Dedzo, McDamien: Ghana Health Service",	Background: There is a growing consensus that linear approaches to improving the performance of health workers and health care organisations may only obtain short-term results. An alternative approach premised on the principle of human resource management described as a form of 'High commitment management', builds upon a bundles of balanced practices. This has been shown to contribute to better organisational performance. This paper illustrates an intervention and outcome of high commitment management (HiCom) at an urban hospital in Ghana. Few studies have shown how HiCom management might contribute to better performance of health services and in particular of hospitals in low and middle-income settings. Methods: A realist case study design was used to analyse how specific management practices might contribute to improving the performance of an urban district hospital in Ho, Volta Region, in Ghana. Mixed methods were used to collect data, including document review, in-depth interviews, group discussions, observations and a review of routine health information. Results: At Ho Municipal Hospital, the management team dealt with the crisis engulfing the ailing urban district hospital by building an alliance between hospital staff to generate a sense of ownership with a focus around participative problem analysis. The creation of an alliance led to improving staff morale and attitude, and contributed also to improvements in the infrastructure and equipment. This in turn had a positive impact on the revenue generating capacity of the hospital. The quick turn around in the state of this hospital showed that change was indeed possible, a factor that greatly motivated the staff. In a second step, the management team initiated the development of a strategic plan for the hospital to maintain the dynamics of change. This was undertaken through participative methods and sustained earlier staff involvement, empowerment and feelings of reciprocity. We found that these factors acted as the core mechanisms underlying the changes taking place at Ho Municipal Hospital. Conclusions: This study shows how a hospital management team in Ghana succeeded in resuscitating an ailing hospital. Their high commitment management approach led to the active involvement and empowerment of staff. It also showed how a realist evaluation approach such as this, could be used in the research of the management of health care organisations to explain how management interventions may or may not work.	,AFRICA,CARE,CLIMATE,COMMITMENT,CULTURE,HEALTH,"HUMAN-RESOURCE MANAGEMENT","PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT",PERFORMANCE,POLICY	None	None
WoS	WOS:000338373500001	The practice of 'doing' evaluation: lessons learned from nine complex intervention trials in action	Ansah, Evelyn K.,Bruxvoort, Katia,Chandler, Clare I. R.,Cundill, Bonnie,DiLiberto, Deborah,Goodman, Catherine,Hutchinson, Eleanor,Lalloo, David G.,Lal, Sham,Leslie, Toby,Mangham-Jefferies, Lindsay,Mbakilwa, Hilda,Reyburn, Hugh,Reynolds, Joanna,Schellenber	2014	IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE	9	None	10.1186/1748-5908-9-75	Ghana Health Service, University of Copenhagen, University of Liverpool, University of London, University of New South Wales, Joint Malaria Programme, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine	"Ansah, Evelyn K.: Ghana Health Service","Bruxvoort, Katia: University of London","Chandler, Clare I. R.: University of London","Cundill, Bonnie: University of London","DiLiberto, Deborah: University of London","Goodman, Catherine: University of London","Hutchinson, Eleanor: University of London","Lalloo, David G.: University of Liverpool","Lal, Sham: University of London","Leslie, Toby: University of London","Mangham-Jefferies, Lindsay: University of London","Reyburn, Hugh: University of London","Reynolds, Joanna: University of London","Schellenberg, David: University of London","Staedke, Sarah G.: University of London","Webster, Jayne: University of London","Yeung, Shunmay: University of London",	Background: There is increasing recognition among trialists of the challenges in understanding how particular 'real-life' contexts influence the delivery and receipt of complex health interventions. Evaluations of interventions to change health worker and/or patient behaviours in health service settings exemplify these challenges. When interpreting evaluation data, deviation from intended intervention implementation is accounted for through process evaluations of fidelity, reach, and intensity. However, no such systematic approach has been proposed to account for the way evaluation activities may deviate in practice from assumptions made when data are interpreted. Methods: A collective case study was conducted to explore experiences of undertaking evaluation activities in the real-life contexts of nine complex intervention trials seeking to improve appropriate diagnosis and treatment of malaria in varied health service settings. Multiple sources of data were used, including in-depth interviews with investigators, participant-observation of studies, and rounds of discussion and reflection. Results and discussion: From our experiences of the realities of conducting these evaluations, we identified six key 'lessons learned' about ways to become aware of and manage aspects of the fabric of trials involving the interface of researchers, fieldworkers, participants and data collection tools that may affect the intended production of data and interpretation of findings. These lessons included: foster a shared understanding across the study team of how individual practices contribute to the study goals; promote and facilitate within-team communications for ongoing reflection on the progress of the evaluation; establish processes for ongoing collaboration and dialogue between sub-study teams; the importance of a field research coordinator bridging everyday project management with scientific oversight; collect and review reflective field notes on the progress of the evaluation to aid interpretation of outcomes; and these approaches should help the identification of and reflection on possible overlaps between the evaluation and intervention. Conclusion: The lessons we have drawn point to the principle of reflexivity that, we argue, needs to become part of standard practice in the conduct of evaluations of complex interventions to promote more meaningful interpretations of the effects of an intervention and to better inform future implementation and decision-making.	"behavioural interventions","complex interventions",evaluation,"HEALTH SERVICE","Low-income setting",REFLECTION,TRIALS,ALTERNATIVES,CARE,CHALLENGES,CLINICAL-RESEARCH,DESIGN,MALARIA,MANAGEMENT,"PUBLIC-HEALTH INTERVENTIONS","QUALITATIVE RESEARCH","RANDOMIZE	None	None
WoS	WOS:000276219700028	Evaluating Delivery Systems: Complex Evaluations and Plausibility Inference	Bruce, Jane,Chandramohan, Daniel,Dedzo, McDamien,Hanson, Kara,Kweku, Margaret,Lines, Jo,Tinkorang, Kojo,Webster, Jayne	2010	AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE	82	4	10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0473	Ghana Health Service, University of London	"Webster, Jayne: University of London",	Delivery system evaluation is poorly defined and therefore a barrier to achieving increased coverage of interventions. We use a pre- and post-implementation cross-sectional observational study with assessment of the intermediate processes to evaluate a new delivery system for insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) in two regions of Ghana. In Volta Region, ownership of at least one net rose from 38.3% to 45.4% (P = 0.06), and 6.5% of respondents used a voucher in the purchase. In Eastern Region, ownership of a net rose from 13.7% to 26.0% (P &lt; 0.001) and 0.5% of households used a voucher to purchase a net. Just 40.7% and 21.1% of eligible antenatal clinic (ANC) attendees were offered a voucher in Volta and Eastern Regions, respectively, and 36.0% and 30.7% used their voucher in the purchase of an ITN. Without attributing nets to the specific delivery system, in Eastern Region the success of the new system would be overestimated.	,INTERVENTIONS,PUBLIC-HEALTH	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84926282757	The impact of telecommunication revenue on economic growth: Evidence from Ghana	Atsu F., Agyei C., Darbi W.P., Adjei-Mensah S.	2014	African Journal of Economic and Management Studies	5	2	10.1108/AJEMS-10-2011-0076	Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, Achimota - Accra, Ghana	Atsu, F., Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, Achimota - Accra, Ghana; Agyei, C., Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, Achimota - Accra, Ghana; Darbi, W.P., Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, Achimota - Accra, Ghana; Adjei-Mensah, S., Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, Achimota - Accra, Ghana	Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the long-run impact of telecommunications revenue and telecommunications investment on economic growth of Ghana for the time horizon 1976-2007. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses the Augmented Dickey Fuller and Phillips Perron unit root test to explore the stationarity property of the variables and the Engle-Granger residual-based test of cointegration to model an appropriate restricted error correction model. Findings – The outcome of the analysis produced mixed results. Telecommunications revenue does not contribute significantly whilst telecommunications investment does. Practical implications – Policy makers will have to deal with a conundrum; while designing targeted policies that will attract more telecommunication investment in order to maximize the corresponding revenues and the economic growth it brings in its wake, they must at the same time find ways and resources to grow the economy to a point or threshold where revenue from telecommunications can have the much needed impact on their economies. Originality/value – The study is one of the first that has investigated the line of causality between telecommunication revenue and economic growth unlike previous research that mainly focused on the impact of telecommunication infrastructure on economic development. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Cointegration; Economic growth; Engle-Granger residual-based test; Restricted error correction model; Telecommunications investment; Telecommunications revenue	None	None
WoS	WOS:000275402800005	Rural Poverty Dynamics and Impact of Intervention Programs upon Chronic and Transitory Poverty in Northern Ethiopia	Deckers, Jozef,Haile, Mitiku,Mathijs, Erik,Nega, Fredu,Nyssen, Jan,Tollens, Eric	2010	AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT REVIEW-REVUE AFRICAINE DE DEVELOPPEMENT	22	1	None	Ghent University, KU Leuven, Mekelle University	"Deckers, Jozef: KU Leuven","Mathijs, Erik: KU Leuven","Nega, Fredu: Mekelle University","Nyssen, Jan: Ghent University","Tollens, Eric: KU Leuven"	P&gt;Using a three-year panel data set of rural households in the Tigray region of northern Ethiopia, we examine the dynamics of poverty and the impact of two intervention measures-the food for work (FFW) and the food security package (FSP) programs-upon poverty by disaggregating total poverty into its transient and chronic components. Poverty in the region is predominantly chronic. Results of matching estimators indicate that the FSP program has a significant negative effect on total and chronic poverty, but not on transient poverty. Households involved in the program have on average lower levels of total and chronic poverty than households not involved in the program. The FFW on the other hand does not significantly influence any of the three forms of poverty. Tertile regressions, however, reveal that the FFW benefits households in the richest and the middle tertiles.	,AID,FOOD-FOR-WORK,GETS,MOBILITY	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924503416	Framework for identifying significant environmental impacts of manufacturing and service operations	Famiyeh S.	2014	Journal of Sustainable Development	7	4	10.5539/jsd.v7n4p47	GIMPA Business School, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, P.O. Box AH 50, Achimota, Accra, Ghana	Famiyeh, S., GIMPA Business School, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, P.O. Box AH 50, Achimota, Accra, Ghana	Every Environmental Management System [EMS] requires implementing organizations to identify the environmental aspects of their activities, products or services and clearly show how the identification of aspects that may have significant impacts on the environment are identified. However, procedures for the identification of aspects that are significant are not clearly defined. This paper adapt and modify the process used to identify project risks as a framework to develop a generic framework that can be used by all manufacturing and service organizations to identify the environmental aspects of their activities as well as those that are significant. The proposed framework outlines four key steps in identifying impacts that are significant, viz. Environmental Aspects Identification; Environmental Risk Assessment; Environmental Risk Profiling; and Environmental Risk Threshold Values. The paper assesses the usability of the proposed framework by choosing one of the key activities in the mining sector as a test case. In this text case, the model identified dust as the most significant environmental impact in a typical hauling operation in a mine. © 2014 by the author(s).	Aspects; Environmental; Impacts; Inputs-outputs; Risk; Threshold	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84857274777	Impacts of information technology implementation on banks' operations in Ghana	Famiyeh S., Twum-Barima C.	2011	International Journal of Services and Standards	7	42433	10.1504/IJSS.2011.045051	GIMPA Business School, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, P.O. Box AH 50, Achimota, Accra, Ghana; P.O. Box MB131, Accra, Ghana	Famiyeh, S., GIMPA Business School, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, P.O. Box AH 50, Achimota, Accra, Ghana; Twum-Barima, C., P.O. Box MB131, Accra, Ghana	In this study, we investigate the impacts of information technology (IT) implementation in Ghanaian banks. A questionnaire was employed to collect data from employees of five major banks on the extent to which they believe that IT exerts an impact on banking services. The findings show that there is an association between IT usage for banks' operations and external benefits such as improved capacity utilisation, access to new technology, enhanced corporate social responsibility, diversification of strategy and extending firms' product lines. In addition, the responses showed that IT usage had significant internal benefits. The results of this study can serve as a standard for banks as they seek to improve their services through the implementation of several IT applications. Copyright © 2011 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Banking; Computerisation; Developing nation; Ghana; Information technology; IT; Services; Standards	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941343117	Impact of male partner's awareness and support for contraceptives on female intent to use contraceptives in southeast Nigeria Health behavior, health promotion and society	Ezeanolue E.E., Iwelunmor J., Asaolu I., Obiefune M.C., Ezeanolue C.O., Osuji A., Ogidi A.G., Hunt A.T., Patel D., Yang W., Ehiri J.E.	2015	BMC Public Health	15	1	10.1186/s12889-015-2216-1	Global Health and Implementation Science Initiatives, School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, 4505 S. Maryland Pkwy, Box 453064, Las Vegas, NV, United States; Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urban	Ezeanolue, E.E., Global Health and Implementation Science Initiatives, School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, 4505 S. Maryland Pkwy, Box 453064, Las Vegas, NV, United States; Iwelunmor, J., Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 123 Huff Hall, 1206S, Fourth St., Champaign, IL, United States; Asaolu, I., Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave., Tucson, Arizona, United States; Obiefune, M.C., Prevention, Education, Treatment, Training and Research-Global Solutions-PeTR-GS, Plot 25 Liberty Estate, Independence Layout Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria; Ezeanolue, C.O., Healthy Sunrise Foundation, 8752 Castle Ridge Avenue, Las Vegas, NV, United States; Osuji, A., Prevention, Education, Treatment, Training and Research-Global Solutions-PeTR-GS, Plot 25 Liberty Estate, Independence Layout Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria; Ogidi, A.G., Prevention, Education, Treatment, Training and Research-Global Solutions-PeTR-GS, Plot 25 Liberty Estate, Independence Layout Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria; Hunt, A.T., Global Health and Implementation Science Initiatives, School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, 4505 S. Maryland Pkwy, Box 453064, Las Vegas, NV, United States; Patel, D., Prevention, Education, Treatment, Training and Research-Global Solutions-PeTR-GS, Plot 25 Liberty Estate, Independence Layout Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria; Yang, W., School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, MS-274, RM212, Lombardi Recreation Center, Reno, NV, United States; Ehiri, J.E., Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave., Tucson, Arizona, United States	Background: Despite the growing body of evidence on use of modern contraceptives among women in sub-Saharan African countries, little is known about the broader context in which female decision-making concerning contraceptive use occurs, particularly the role of their male partners' awareness and support of modern contraceptives. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 2468 pregnant women and their male partners enrolled in the Healthy Beginning Initiative (HBI), an intervention to increase HIV testing among pregnant women in Enugu, southeast Nigeria. The aims of this study were to determine: 1) male partners' awareness of, and support for, female contraceptive methods, and 2) influence of male partners' contraceptive awareness and support on pregnant women's expressed desire to use contraception. We used logistic regression models to examine the association between male partners' awareness and support of modern contraceptives on their spouses' desire to use contraceptives. Results: Men's awareness of, and support for, use of modern contraceptives were significantly associated with their female partners' desire to use contraception. A majority of the men who were aware of modern contraceptives (66.5 %) and those who supported their spouses' use of contraception (72.5 %) had partners who expressed a desire to use contraception. Men who were aware of female contraception were 3 times more likely to have spouses who desired to use contraception (AOR∈=∈3.17, 95 % C.I: 2.70-3.75). In addition, men who showed support for their spouses' use of contraception were over 5 times more likely to have spouses who indicated a desire to use contraception (AOR∈=∈5.76, 95 % C.I: 4.82-6.88). Living in a household of 5 or more people (AOR∈=∈1.45, 95 % C.I: 1.23-1.72) and residing in an urban area (AOR∈=∈0.81, 95 % C.I: 0.67-0.97) were also significantly associated with women's expressed desire to use modern contraception. Conclusion: Men's awareness of, and support for, use of modern contraceptives were markedly associated with their spouses' desire to use contraception. This underscores the need for men's involvement in programs that seek to address women's uptake of contraception in low and middle income countries. © 2015 Ezeanolue et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84925627799	Constructions of disability (ancient and modern): The impact of religious beliefs on the experience of disability	Bruce P.	2010	Neotestamentica	44	2	None	University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa	Bruce, P., University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa	This paper focuses on the evidence provided by certain texts about the lives of people with disabilities in ancient Greek and Jewish societies, and the extent to which religious beliefs impacted on their experience in daily life. It aims to provide an historical background against which to consider some aspects of the NT accounts of the healing miracles, and then proceeds to investigate some of the ways in which the relevant NT texts have been received in different contexts in society today. © 2010 New Testament Society of South Africa.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84910065678	The impact of operational customer relationship management on customer loyalty	Makasi A., Saruchera F.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	23	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n23p291	University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa and Harare Institute of Technology, Zimbabwe; University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa; Chinhoyi University of Technology, Africa Makasi. Harare Institute of Technology, Department of Technopreneurship, P.O. Box B.E, Belvedere, Harare, Zimbabwe	Makasi, A., University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa and Harare Institute of Technology, Zimbabwe; Saruchera, F., University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Africa Makasi. Harare Institute of Technology, Department of Technopreneurship, P.O. Box B.E, Belvedere, Harare, Zimbabwe	The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of operational customer relationship management (OCRM) on customer loyalty with special reference to the mobile telephone industry in Zimbabwe. Motivation for the research was generated by the need to find out how customer loyalty can be created through OCRM. The research was conducted by reviewing various streams of literature and interviews with 7 representatives from the 3 dominant companies in the industry and 15 sampled customers from these three competing companies in the mobile telephone industry (MTI). A semi-structured questionnaire was used. All qualitative responses were grouped into themes for coding purposes. The data gathered was coded and captured to form panel data for further analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS0. Results of the research showed that because of the highly dynamic market environment, consumers have become highly demanding calling for the strategic significance of the intelligent network in OCRM for the creation of customer satisfaction. The research also revealed that increasing organizational performance through operational CRM implementation can increase customer perceived value which results in customer loyalty and competitiveness. Our current research focused on operational CRM’s influence on customer loyalty. Future research should assess the impact of analytical CRM on customer loyalty. The measurement and critical analysis of customer life time value against company investments in building loyalty should redirect future research towards this area. © 2014 Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Customer loyalty; Customer relationship management; Stakeholder theory	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884554632	Cultural dimension of workplace diversity in Ibadan Nigeria: Implications on people and performance	Adewole A.O.	2013	International Journal of Social Sustainability in Economic, Social and Cultural Context	8	3	None	Glorious Vision International College, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria	Adewole, A.O., Glorious Vision International College, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria	This study investigated the cultural dimension of workplace diversity in Ibadan, Nigeria in order to ascertain the implications of cultural dimension of workplace diversity on employees, and their performances in multicultural work organizations. Data for the study was generated through a multi-stage sampling technique, with a questionnaire administered to 250 participants randomly selected from selected work organizations in Ibadan, Nigeria. Out of 250 respondents, 238 turned in their completed questionnaires (male = 151, female = 87, mean = 2.89, standard deviation = 1.15). A 20-item questionnaire was developed by the researcher, and was tested on a 5 point Likert-type scale that ranges from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (5). The hypotheses generated for the study were tested at 0.05 alpha levels using a chi-square statistical method. The findings from the study revealed that a significant relationship exists between cultural diversity and employees' job performances, and the overall organizational performance. The finding further showed that although majority of the employees often perceived themselves as different from others due to the differences in their cultural orientations, there is no significant relationship between the way employees perceive themselves and their job performance. Based on the findings from the study, it was recommended that employers and all stake holders in human resource management, in today's multicultural business community, should not only be aware of the cultural diversity among employees, but must also ensure effective workforce diversity management principles that best fit into their work organizations so as to harness the rich benefits of cultural diversity for the good of the organizations they serve. Crosscultural education that could bring employees in contact with other cultures represented at the workplace should be introduced to promote cooperation, effective communication and harmonious work relationships among employees. © Common Ground, Adejare Olufemi Adewole, All Rights Reserved.	Culture; Employee; Multiculturalism; Performance; Workplace	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901710265	Evaluation of the performance of herbaceous forage legumes under sown with maize under irrigation condition of Megech North Gondar, Ethiopia	Tarekegn A., Zelalem T.	2014	Livestock Research for Rural Development	26	6	None	Gondar Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 1337, Gondar, Ethiopia	Tarekegn, A., Gondar Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 1337, Gondar, Ethiopia; Zelalem, T., Gondar Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 1337, Gondar, Ethiopia	The effect of intercropping some forage legumes with maize crop on biomass yield of legumes and the grain and Stover yield of maize was determined under irrigation condition of Megech by using a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD). The legumes used for under sowing were Vigna unguiculata, Lablab purpureus and Vicia atropurpurea and the maize-legume integration were sole Maize (SM), Maize + Vigna unguiculata (MU), Maize + Lablab purpureus (ML) and Maize + Vicia atropurpurea (MV). The results indicated that intercropping forage legumes with maize crop did not affect the growth, grain and Stover yield of maize. The biomass yield of individual forage legumes showed that L. purpureus gave the highest forage dry matter yield and higher than the rest of under sown forage legumes. With respect to total biomass yield (Biomass yield of Forage and Maize Stover) ML yielded the highest biomass. The results suggest that maize grain yield and biomass yield of intercrops can be maximized for both human and livestock feeding by integrating L. purpureus with maize crop.	Biomass yield; Crop residue; Intercropping; Stover	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-43149126334	The impact of employment equity regulations on psychological contracts in South Africa	Wöcke A., Sutherland M.	2008	International Journal of Human Resource Management	19	4	10.1080/09585190801953525	Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Wöcke, A., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Sutherland, M., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	This article will show the impact of employment equity legislation on the psychological employment contracts of the three main employee groupings in South African society. This study is important in that it fills the gap in the literature that identifies labour market regulations as an important shaping influence on the psychological contract. More than 500 managers from across South African industry and from all ethnic groups were surveyed to identify differences in psychological contracts and attitudes towards the social transformation regulations. We found that the legislation has impacted differentially on the three groupings mainly in terms of their loyalty to stay with their organizations, the focus on their career development in terms of the external labour market and the degree to which they felt they had been affected by the legislation. Additionally we find that the perceived linkage between job satisfaction and labour turnover is significantly weakened by labour market legislation in the case of the beneficiaries of the legislation, but that this may not be the case for those negatively affected by the legislation. The findings have significant implications for the HRM practices of multinationals operating in societies with significant labour market regulatory interventions.	Diversity management; Employment equity; Psychological contract; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947273612	The impact on the psychological contract of differentiating employees into talent pools	Seopa N., Wöcke A., Leeds C.	2015	Career Development International	20	7	10.1108/CDI-03-2015-0033	Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, Sandton, South Africa	Seopa, N., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, Sandton, South Africa; Wöcke, A., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, Sandton, South Africa; Leeds, C., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, Sandton, South Africa	Purpose – This research stems from the need by organisations to retain their key talent in the context of the change in the psychological contract manifested from the emergence of boundaryless careers. Many organisations have segmented their workforce to develop talent pools of high potential employees to meet the organisation’s current and future critical skills needs. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of inclusion or exclusion in the talent pool on the psychological contract. Design/methodology/approach – The study presents findings from 195 employees from three different organisations, about 50 per cent of whom were in talent pools. Various instruments in the literature were used to measure the psychological contract and the other constructs of organisational citizenship behaviour, trust and turnover intention of employees in the talent pools in comparison to those not in talent pools. Findings – The study shows that being part of the talent pool has a positive impact on the relational psychological contract and organisational commitment but does not necessarily translate into trust and the intention to stay with organisations. Research limitations/implications – The study was conducted in three large firms with well-developed and entrenched talent management strategies. The results may be different in firms with less formal talent management strategies or those firms that do not use talent pools. Despite these limitations, the study is valuable in showing the differences in relationships between employees recognised as more important and those not recognised in the same way. Practical implications – Talent strategy should not ignore employees not in talent pools as they have shown that they display an aspiration to build long-term relationships with their employers and could represent a future source of potential. It is recommended that organisations should continue to segment their workforce to determine who should form part of the talent pool. Social implications – The results indicate the high complexity in understanding contemporary employment relationships and could be closely related to the previous findings on trust. Despite being identified as potential employees for development into linchpin and pivotal positions in their organisation, these employees were no different to employees not in talent pools when it came to trust and the intention to leave their organisation. Originality/value – Employees in talent pools and those not in talent pools were similar in their intention to leave their organisations in circumstances where their expectations were not met. This finding is contrary to the expectation and indicates that relational psychological contracts do not have a moderating impact on the intention to leave where expectations are not met. © 2015, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Boundaryless career; Careers; Employee development; Labour mobility; Notice to quit; Psychological contracts; Talent pool	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84863903220	Impact of demographic variables on voluntary labour turnover in South Africa	Wöcke A., Heymann M.	2012	International Journal of Human Resource Management	23	16	10.1080/09585192.2011.639028	Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, Sandton, South Africa	Wöcke, A., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, Sandton, South Africa; Heymann, M., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, Sandton, South Africa	This paper demonstrates the relevance of employee demographic variables as extended factors in the voluntary turnover process since these models currently do not sufficiently explain the factors impacting the turnover decision. Over 1000 managers and knowledge workers were surveyed using a cross-sectional questionnaire to identify potential similarities in demographic variables in the decision to leave the organisation. Findings indicate that various demographic variables (age, race and gender) influence whether pull or push factors are cited in the turnover process. In addition, it is found that the level of education has a stronger relationship to employee mobility than race, which contradicts the current sentiment in the South African labour market. Furthermore, it is concluded that demographic variables of employees should be considered in the extension of contemporary turnover models. The findings have implications for human resource management practices in organisations that are more dependent on knowledge workers. Consequently, the findings have implications for current prevailing theory on voluntary turnover research. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	employee mobility; retention; turnover	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84951970911	The impact of regulatory fines on shareholder returns	Strydom J., Ward M., Muller C.	2015	South African Journal of Business Management	46	4	None	Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Strydom, J., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Ward, M., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Muller, C., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Corruption has been shown to undermine the efficiency of market-based economies by allowing participants to profit from illegal rent-seeking activities, which decrease public support for business and increase the cost of capital (Zingales, 2015). Over the past decade, the Competition Commission in South Africa has investigated and issued punitive fines amounting to around R8bn to companies engaged in non-competitive behaviour. Using event study methodology, we examine the impact on the share prices of listed companies upon the announcement of an investigation, a fine, and the payment of the fine. We find that shareholder returns were unaffected at the initiation and payment stages of the process, but that the returns were positively affected at the conviction stage. A buy-and-hold longitudinal study was also undertaken to determine if an ex-post portfolio consisting of stocks of convicted companies out-performed an equal-weighted all share benchmark, as well as a portfolio of matched companies which had not been fined. The results reveal that both the portfolio of fined companies and the matched portfolio of non-fined companies out-performed the market benchmark over a 24-year period. However, the portfolio consisting of convicted companies underperformed the portfolio of companies which had not been fined. We conclude that the market anticipated the fines and that the quantum of fines levied was less than expected. We also find that the non-competitive behaviour of convicted companies did not benefit their shareholders in the long-term.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924157324	The market impact on shares entering or leaving JSE indices	Miller C., Ward M.	2015	Investment Analysts Journal	44	1	10.1080/10293523.2015.994450	Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Miller, C., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Ward, M., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa	A company’s entry into (or exit from) a major share index provides a special opportunity to examine price discovery. In an efficient market, we expect the demand curve to remain horizontal and to be unaffected by external events that do not communicate new information to the public, even if demand is affected. However, there is evidence that changes to index composition do impact the value of affected shares. This may be due to the price pressure generated by passively managed investment funds that simultaneously reconstitute their portfolios in order to remain aligned to the index they are tracking. This study investigates downward sloping demand curves, price pressure and other hypotheses which are related to changes in index composition on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE). We calculate abnormal returns using a control portfolio model for shares entering/exiting four major FTSE/JSE indices between 2002 and 2011. In the pre-event window, a long-term increasing trend was observed in the share prices of companies that are added to market cap weighted indices, beginning 70 trading days before the effective date. The opposite behaviour was true for index deletions, with some variation in the timing. In the post-event window the results show, to some extent, an asymmetric response to share returns; shares entering the index underperform thereafter, whereas those leaving the index outperform. Although these findings were not significant for all of the indices examined, they do support the Price Pressure Hypothesis of Harris and Gurel. © 2015 Investment Analysts Society of South Africa.	Demand curve; Index reconstitution; Market efficiency; Price discovery; Price pressure	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-58149396526	The impact of collections strategy on the profitability of unsecured bank micro-loans	Kahn A., Ward M.	2008	Journal for Studies in Economics and Econometrics	32	3	None	Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Kahn, A.; Ward, M., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa	This research examines bank collections strategy by comparing two micro-loan books; one using a behaviour based strategy, in which a client is encouraged to re-establish regular payments and the other using an arrears based strategy, where the client must repay missed instalments immediately. The results show that the collections outcome does not vary according to collections strategy. However, in contrast to industry best practice, behaviour based collections results in 3,37% more revenue when the loan is rehabilitated, and a 4,54% reduction in losses when the loan is written off. The study also finds that the cost of using a behaviour based collections strategy is lower.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84863322311	The use of Price-to-Earnings-to-Growth (PEG) ratios to predict share performance on the JSE	I'Ons T., Ward M.	2012	South African Journal of Business Management	43	2	None	Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa	I'Ons, T., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Ward, M., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa	The effectiveness of the Price Earnings Growth ratio as a valuation tool has been a topical debate amongst analysts ever since being popularised by Lynch (1989). This study examines the appropriateness of the fair value criteria of a PEG of 1,0, as proposed by Lynch (PEGL), and compares this with the time-series based, share specific model, proposed by Trombley (2008) (PEGT). In addition, the study analyses several factors which influence the accuracy of analyst's forecasts (viz. the number of analysts' contributions, the dispersion of forecasts and the forecast horizon), with the objective of identifying an optimal trading rule based on the PEG ratio. We find consistent outperformance of the PEGT model. We also note (unexpectedly) that analyst's forecasting accuracy may have a less significant impact on the usefulness of the PEG ratio than their optimism. Finally, we report an optimised PEG trading rule which delivered annual abnormal returns of 13,7% over the study period. The trading rule appeared to single out small-capitalisation firms, with above market growth prospects, which performed well in a buoyant market.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84948777525	The effects of hybrid pay incentives on work-team performance: A longitudinal study	Dlamini M., Sutherland M., Werbeloff M.	2015	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	18	4	10.17159/2222-3436/2015/v18n4a2	Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Wits School of Governance, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Dlamini, M., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Sutherland, M., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Werbeloff, M., Wits School of Governance, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Despite the widespread use of pay incentives to drive performance, few studies mpirically demonstrate their long-term benefits within work-team settings in field studies; even fewer studies incorporate hybrid pay incentives in their design. This longitudinal field study explored the effects on individual work performance of allocating tellers to teams with supervisors who received hybrid pay incentives, where 60 per cent of their incentive was based on the individual performance of each of their team members and 40 per cent on their own performance. It was conducted on bulk-cash tellers working in 19 centres, using a time-series design. The results, derived from quantitative data collected from 82 individual tellers over 24 months, showed that hybrid pay incentives for supervisors of teams of tellers, some of whom were individually incentivised, were associated with significant increases in the volume, speed and accuracy of deposit processing by all the tellers. The findings empirically demonstrate the long term sustainability of improved performance associated with the introduction of hybrid pay incentive structures within work teams. © University of Pretoria. All rights reserved.	Hybrid incentives; Interdependencies; Longitudinal filed study; Pay incentives; Team work	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880451968	Legitimacy or good governance: What drives carbon performance in Australia	Qian W.	2013	Corporate Ownership and Control	10	0.125	None	Governance and Sustainability, School of Commerce, University of South Australia, SA5001, South Africa	Qian, W., Governance and Sustainability, School of Commerce, University of South Australia, SA5001, South Africa	Previous studies present diverse views on carbon performance. The legitimacy perspective posits that external forces from a wide range of stakeholders drives environmental performance change, while the governance perspective posits that strong internal governance structure leads to performance improvement. This study empirically examines the validity of these different perspectives. Using data released by top polluting companies included in the Australian National Greenhouse and Energy Reports (NGER), the study finds that better governance structures are significantly associated with higher carbon performance, but there is no significant relationship between external carbon disclosure and carbon performance. The results suggest that future policy needs to focus more on ensuring strong corporate governance system and encouraging the integration of environmental aspects into governance agenda.	Carbon disclosure; Carbon performance; Corporate governance; Environmental sensitivity; Legitimacy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84948747276	Justice perceptions of performance management practices in a company in the chemical industry	Govender T., Grobler A., Joubert Y.T.	2015	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	18	4	10.17159/2222-3436/2015/v18n4a9	Graduate School for Business Leadership, University of South Africa, South Africa; Department of Human Resource Management, University of South Africa, South Africa	Govender, T., Graduate School for Business Leadership, University of South Africa, South Africa; Grobler, A., Graduate School for Business Leadership, University of South Africa, South Africa; Joubert, Y.T., Department of Human Resource Management, University of South Africa, South Africa	The sustainability of corporations globally is becoming increasingly problematic. Combined with the unique challenges of an operating entity, this could potentially expose the profitability of sustainable businesses on a daily basis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate employees’ justice perceptions of performance management practices in a company in the chemical industry. The population includes all the employees in the chemical industry that was used in this study. A total of 140 questionnaires were issued to all the employees in an organisation which had undergone a performance appraisal and 102 respondents completed the surveys, giving a response rate of 72 per cent. A cross-sectional survey design was used in this study. The justice perceptions were measured according to an existing framework developed by Thurston and McNall (2010). The framework is founded on a hypothesised four-factor model constructed according to theories on organisational justice. The employees of the organisation in the chemical sector were involved in this study. Descriptive statistical analyses were used to measure perceptions of justice based on theories on organisational justice. The measuring instrument used was based on recognised models and theories. The study supports the construct validity of the measuring instrument and the reliability of the scales used. The justice constructs were used to identify specific items in the performance management practice that required improvement. The implications of the results are that continual interventions are required if employee commitment and productivity levels are to improve, resulting in a positive impact on business performance. Significant differences in perceptions by demographic groups were reported and discussed. This study explored the importance of understanding justice perceptions of performance management practices as an enabler for sustained business performance. Further, the study confirmed that justice perceptions have a direct impact on both the organisational climate and employee morale. © University of Pretoria. All rights reserved.	Performance appraisal; Performance management; Performance management practices	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879892633	Individual lending versus group lending: An evaluation with Kenya's microfinance data	Kodongo O., Kendi L.G.	2013	Review of Development Finance	3	2	10.1016/j.rdf.2013.05.001	Graduate School of Business Administration, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Strathmore University, Nairobi, Kenya	Kodongo, O., Graduate School of Business Administration, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Kendi, L.G., Strathmore University, Nairobi, Kenya	Group micro-lending has been used successfully in some parts of the world to expand the reach of microcredit programs. However, our study shows that microfinance institutions in Kenya prefer individual lending which is associated with higher default rates compared to group lending. The study also shows that high interest rates increase the odds of client delinquency while loan size is inversely related to delinquency. Given these findings, policymakers need to work for stability in the macro-environment to ensure interest rates charged by microfinance institutions (MFIs) remain stable and affordable. Alternatively, MFIs can develop a graduated scale for charging interest rates in which credit is extended to groups at first to hedge the firm against repayment risk; following this, the firm identifies individuals within the groups whose credit risk has improved and issue progressive individual loans to them. Such individual loans would fetch higher returns in form of interest for MFI and boost their outreach, reduce delinquency, and enhance self-sufficiency. © 2013 Africagrowth Institute. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rightsreserved.	Group loans; Individual loans; Loan delinquency; Microcredit; Microfinance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901200638	Strategic innovation at the firm level: The impact of strategic management practices on entrepreneurial orientation	Murimbika M., Urban B.	2014	International Journal of Innovation Management	18	2	10.1142/S1363919614500169	Graduate School of Business Administration, WBS, University of the Witwatersrand, 2 St. David's Place, Parktown, P. O. Box 98, Johannesburg, 2193, Wits 2050, South Africa	Murimbika, M., Graduate School of Business Administration, WBS, University of the Witwatersrand, 2 St. David's Place, Parktown, P. O. Box 98, Johannesburg, 2193, Wits 2050, South Africa; Urban, B., Graduate School of Business Administration, WBS, University of the Witwatersrand, 2 St. David's Place, Parktown, P. O. Box 98, Johannesburg, 2193, Wits 2050, South Africa	The study combines the research domains of strategic management and corporate innovation by examining the impact of strategic management practices on entrepreneurial orientation (EO). Recognising the importance of internal business processes that enable firm entrepreneurial behaviour, it is hypothesised that higher levels of EO are positively associated with the strategic management practices of (1) locus of planning, (2) scanning intensity, (3) planning flexibility, (4) planning horizon, and (5) strategy and financial control attributes. Empirical testing takes place in an under-researched emerging market context on a sample of 219 financial and business services firms. The results provide support for the positive impact that the different strategic management practices have on EO. A practical consideration is for managers to leverage the strategic management practices so that the firm's position on the conservative-entrepreneurial continuum is increased by its propensity to be innovative, proactive, and be willing to take risks when confronted by uncertainty. © Imperial College Press.	Controls; Entrepreneurial orientation; Planning; Scanning; Strategic management	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84911404974	The importance of attributes in entrepreneurial Opportunity evaluations: An emerging market study	Urban B.	2014	Managerial and Decision Economics	35	8	10.1002/mde.2639	Graduate School of Business Administration, Wits Business School, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Urban, B., Graduate School of Business Administration, Wits Business School, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Although prior research has established that entrepreneurs have idiosyncratic perceptions about opportunity attributes, we do not yet understand the level of importances attached to attributes when evaluating opportunities. This article uses conjoint analysis to assess how trade-offs are decided when evaluating opportunities considering both individual and business criteria. We hypothesize differences in the perceived importances of opportunities and the unique constellations therein. The results indicate that there is a significant difference in the degree of importance attached to the business sector, capital intensity, technology maturity, market potential and return on investment potential, when individuals evaluate an entrepreneurial opportunity. The business sector was identified as the principal determinant of opportunity attractiveness, followed closely by the market growth rate, which reflects emerging market conditions. By contextualizing the findings, it is suggested that emerging economies impose higher bureaucratic burdens on entrepreneurs, increasing uncertainty as well as operational and transactions costs of firms; therefore, reducing the incentive to invest in capital or technology. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900435320	Implementation challenges of performance management system in the South African mining industry	Job Seotlela R.P., Miruka O.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	7	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n7p177	Graduate School of Business and Government Leadership, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa	Job Seotlela, R.P., Graduate School of Business and Government Leadership, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa; Miruka, O., Graduate School of Business and Government Leadership, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa	This study looked at the general understanding of employees regarding PMS, planning prior to implementation of the system, challenges encountered during implementation and general employees perceptions. Implementation of PMS is seen as an efficient vehicle to successfully deliver on the strategic objectives and goals for many organisations. However, various studies conducted on the implementation of any new system or change initiatives revealed that it leads to challenges for many organisations. This study has investigated implementation challenges encountered during the implementation of PMS. The researcher used single method qualitative case study approach. Primary data was collected through key informants and focus groups interviews and secondary data through internal documents analysis. The researcher used non-probability quota sampling in order to select 24 participants for the 4 focus groups. Senior managers were also interviewed as key informants. The data gathered was analysed against literature reviewed. The study identified various challenges and key factors that were negatively impacting on the successful implementation of PMS. The researcher has established that that the major hindrance regarding successful implementation of PMS was failure from the management to start with change management process and training of employees prior to implementation of the system.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941949598	Impact of corporate social responsibility on employee engagement: A case of Eskom in South Africa	Kweyama F.S., Cassim S., Munapo E., Mutambara E.	2015	Corporate Board: Role, Duties and Composition	11	2	None	Graduate School of Business and Leadership, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa	Kweyama, F.S., Graduate School of Business and Leadership, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa; Cassim, S.; Munapo, E.; Mutambara, E.	The emergence of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a business management concept in the fifties ushered in a new error in the way business view its various stakeholders. Chief among the stakeholders are the employees by virtue of being the brains behind the organization. This study assesses the impact of CSR programmes on Employee Engagement (EE) in the South African State Owned Power Company, Eskom. In particular, the study interrogates the impact of the three CSR dimensions of awareness, involvement and environmental awareness vis-a-vis the two dimensions of EE, namely, Job Engagement (JE) and Organizational Engagement (OE). A total of 380 Eskom employees were used as participants. The major findings were that organizational leaders are eager to implement CSR strategies. The study further revealed realistic and practical practises to broaden understanding of the current status of the organization, understanding EE and understanding the role CSR could play as a potential Human Resources (HR) tool to engage employees for Eskom and other organizations in general. The study concludes by recommending further research across industries to address the relationship between CSR initiatives and EE. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Corporate social responsibility; Employee, job and organizational engagements; Involvement, awareness and environmental dimensions	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941059577	Social capital interventions at firm level affecting performance in the Zimbabweanb manufacturing sector	Siwadi P., Miruka C., Achieng Ogutu F.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	13	1CONT2	None	Graduate School of Business Leadership, Midlands State University, P Bag 9055, Gweru, Zimbabwe; Graduate School of Business and Government Leadership, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa	Siwadi, P., Graduate School of Business Leadership, Midlands State University, P Bag 9055, Gweru, Zimbabwe; Miruka, C., Graduate School of Business and Government Leadership, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa; Achieng Ogutu, F., Graduate School of Business and Government Leadership, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa	Social capital research has largely focused on developed economies and there is conflict of acceptance on the legality of some network relations across cultures. This study pioneered the interventions at firm level aimed at building social capital for company performance in the Zimbabwean manufacturing sector. This was in an effort to provide evidence of the need for network relations to enhance business performance. A survey method was used to collect data to confirm empirically the social capital interventions existing in the sector. Using an econometric model, 10 social capital variables were regressed to determine importance of the interventions. The bivariate results indicated that networks, level of trust and entertainment were significantly associated to firm performance. On the multivariate level, trust, presences of an entertainment budget and government liaison were positively associated with firm performance. It was concluded that investment in social capital through entertainment budget created profitable relationships which if nurtured builds trust which reduces transaction costs thus affecting the bottom line. So social variables which were significantly associated with performance worked in a symbiotic, cyclical nature. © 2015, Virtus interpress.All rights reserved.	Networks; Performance; Return on assets; Social capital; Trust	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70249127155	Factors that influence the forming of self-evaluation and self-efficacy perceptions	Steyn R., Mynhardt J.	2008	South African Journal of Psychology	38	3	None	Graduate School of Business Leadership, University of South Africa, PO Box 392, Unisa, 0003, South Africa; Department of Psychology, University of South Africa, South Africa	Steyn, R., Graduate School of Business Leadership, University of South Africa, PO Box 392, Unisa, 0003, South Africa; Mynhardt, J., Department of Psychology, University of South Africa, South Africa	Optimistic self-evaluation regarding the ability to carry out tasks is important for success in various fields of human endeavour. When people do such self-evaluations and form self-efficacy perceptions, they make use of information from various sources. According to theories relating to selfevaluation, people engaged in forming such perceptions about themselves largely depend on information gained through social comparison. However, theories of self-efficacy emphasise the importance of self-referenced information, such as those formed through mastery experiences. The purpose in this study is to examine the sources of information used in forming self-efficacy perceptions. In an experiment (N = 1 723) modelled on the Solomon Four-group Design, three types of information likely to influence perceptions were supplied to three experimental groups; there were five control groups. The effects of the interventions were measured by means of a questionnaire. Results indicated that perceptions of self-efficacy are more profoundly influenced by self-referenced information than by social comparisons. It was also found that additional information did not have a cumulative effect during the forming of self-efficacy perceptions. Finally, the implications of the results with respect to practical and theoretical viewpoints are discussed. © Psychological Society of South Africa. All rights reserved.	Authentic information; Mastery experience; Objective self-referenced information; Perceptions; Self-efficacy; Self-evaluation; Social comparison; Solomon Four-group Design; Subjective self-referenced information; Vicarious experience	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84915757982	Predicting the determination and performance impact of absorptive capacity in China's SEZ prospects in Zambia and Mauritius	Maswana J.-C., Davies M.	2015	International Journal of Economics and Business Research	9	1	10.1504/IJEBR.2015.066021	Graduate School of Business Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Frontier Advisory (Pty) Ltd., 30 6th Street, Parkhurst, Johannesburg, South Africa	Maswana, J.-C., Graduate School of Business Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Davies, M., Frontier Advisory (Pty) Ltd., 30 6th Street, Parkhurst, Johannesburg, South Africa	This paper explores the underlying dimensions of absorptive capacity and its impact on the performance for firms in Zambia and Mauritius. It first defines a firm's capacity to absorb spillovers as a latent variable observable indirectly through its underlying dimensions. By means of structural equation modelling based on survey datasets collected within small and medium manufacturing enterprises expecting to engage in special economic zone activities, it investigated the impact of absorptive capacity and its correlation with the performance of firms. Three dimensions that correlated to firm characteristics (technology, networks, and human factors) were found to reflect absorptive capacity. Importantly, it also found that absorptive capacity mediated the relationship between firm characteristics and firm performance to only a moderate degree. In terms of policy implications, if high absorptive capacity is a precondition for effectively reaping external spillovers, this paper's findings suggest that exploitation of SEZ-induced spillovers could likely be limited unless local governments take action to strengthen the absorptive capacity of firms. Copyright © 2015 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Absorptive capacity; Africa; China; Mauritius; SEM; Special economic zone; Structural equation model; Zambia	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77957292294	Innovation and performance improvement in the South African wine industry	Wood E., Kaplan D.	2005	International Journal of Technology and Globalisation	1	42433	None	Graduate School of Business University of Cape Town, Portswood Road, Greenpoint, 8000, South Africa	Wood, E., Graduate School of Business University of Cape Town, Portswood Road, Greenpoint, 8000, South Africa; Kaplan, D., Graduate School of Business University of Cape Town, Portswood Road, Greenpoint, 8000, South Africa	South Africa’s wine industry was ill-prepared for the highly competitive, brand-conscious consumer markets it encountered on re-entry into international markets. The bulk of production was basic quality wine. Wine marketing expertise was concentrated among smaller independent wine producers and a few large wholesalers. The paper examines innovation in different segments of the industry and the extent to which it is being effectively supported by networking and knowledge exchange. Most producers have significantly improved quality and product ranges. But many producers are weak in the area of marketing, though some segments have achieved considerable success in this area. Respected institutions to support marketing and brand development and knowledge exchange between producers contribute to ongoing improvement in this area. © 2005 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	industry networks; innovation; performance improvement; South Africa; wine industry	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84936744641	Open source software adoption and links to innovation performance	Urban B., Greyling B.C.	2015	International Journal of Technological Learning, Innovation and Development	7	3	10.1504/IJTLID.2015.070379	Graduate School of Business, Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, University of Witwatersrand, 2 St Davids Place, Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa	Urban, B., Graduate School of Business, Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, University of Witwatersrand, 2 St Davids Place, Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa; Greyling, B.C., Graduate School of Business, Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, University of Witwatersrand, 2 St Davids Place, Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa	Open source software (OSS) has become pervasive in recent years and is often used by smaller firms to augment their limited resource base. Building on research which has focused on strategic factors that are likely to effect the adoption and deployment of OSS, this article draws on theoretical frameworks encompassing the firm's technology, organisation and environment contexts. Hypotheses are formulated to understand the relationship between the level of OSS adoption and innovation performance across a variety of indicators. Data was collected through a survey from small and medium enterprises operating in the ICT software industry in an under-researched geographical emerging market context - South Africa. Regression results suggest that innovation performance is influenced to some degree by the adoption of OSS, particularly where there is evidence of business and collaboration tool usage by these firms. The implications of this study suggest that owners and managers of small and medium firms should consider migration to OSS in order to take advantage of not only direct cost savings but also improved innovation performance effects. For firms in emerging markets the rising trend towards globalisation presents multiple opportunities for embracing a technology orientation with OSS practices which can provide the necessary competitive advantage to compete globally. Copyright © 2015 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Environment; Innovation performance; Open innovation; Open source software; Organisation; OSS; Small and medium enterprises; SMEs; Technology	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84946711294	The impact of ethno-linguistic fractionalization on cultural measures: Dynamics, endogeneity and modernization	Luiz J.M.	2015	Journal of International Business Studies	46	9	10.1057/jibs.2015.6	Graduate School of Business, University of Cape Town, Breakwater Campus, Green Point, Portswood Road, Cape Town, South Africa	Luiz, J.M., Graduate School of Business, University of Cape Town, Breakwater Campus, Green Point, Portswood Road, Cape Town, South Africa	We introduce a measure called ethno-linguistic fractionalization (ELF), which captures the ethnic and/or linguistic diversity in a country and examine its implications on existing cultural measures. Not only do high levels of fractionalization affect the use of statistical means to account for cultural distance (CD), we show that it is not constant and therefore the dynamics of change need to be addressed. We pursue the study of the dynamics and potential endogeneity through an in-depth case study of South Africa over the course of the twentieth century. There is evidence of processes of modernization whereby economic progress impacts upon ELF. There are also complex interactions between the various measures of fractionalization and other sociopolitical and institutional variables. This provides us with an opportunity to bridge the CD and institutional distance literature as institutions impact upon culture and multinational enterprises, and institutional development is, in turn, affected by these. We call for a more realistic assessment of what is being captured in cultural measures and for recognition of the complexity of the notion of identity formation and its dynamics. Countries may have different underlying cultural schisms, including ELF, and its introduction will allow for a richer exploration of distance and diversity in International Business.	cross-cultural research/measurement issues; cultural distance; developing markets/countries/economies; national culture	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84927962459	Collaboration costs and new product development performance	Parker H., Brey Z.	2015	Journal of Business Research	68	7	10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.02.013	Graduate School of Business, University of Cape Town, Portswood Road, Cape Town, South Africa; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, South Africa	Parker, H., Graduate School of Business, University of Cape Town, Portswood Road, Cape Town, South Africa; Brey, Z., Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, South Africa	This study analyzes the relationships between governance in new product development collaboration, collaboration costs, and new product development performance. Data from new technology-based firms indicate that comprehensiveness in formal contractual governance has a stronger negative association with collaboration costs than relational governance does. In addition, collaboration costs relate negatively to new product development performance. This study contributes to understanding transaction costs within collaborative arrangements and the role of relational and formal governance in these arrangements. © 2015 Elsevier Inc.	Alliances; Collaboration; Collaboration costs; Contracts; New product development performance; Relational governance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84921000702	Evaluation of perception for foodservice hygiene by middle school students in busan	Kim Y.K., Choi H.S., Lyu E.S.	2014	Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition	43	12	10.3746/jkfn.2014.43.12.1920	Graduate School of Education, South Africa; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, South Korea; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, South Korea	Kim, Y.K., Graduate School of Education, South Africa; Choi, H.S., Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, South Korea; Lyu, E.S., Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, South Korea	The purpose of this study was to evaluate the importance and performance of middle school foodservice hygiene in Busan. In this study, questionnaires were administered to 1,000 students consisting of 100 students in 10 middle schools in Busan in December, 2013. The students assessed importance and performance of personal hygiene as 3.81 and 3.60 on a scale of 5.00, respectively. Males gave higher scores to importance and performance of personal hygienic than females. First grade students gave significantly higher scores than 2nd and 3rd grade students to importance and performance of personal hygienic. The mean scores of importance of foodservice hygiene were 4.47 for food hygiene, 4.25 for equipment hygiene, 4.23 for employee hygiene, and 4.19 for environment hygiene. For importance of foodservice hygiene, females gave significantly (P<0.001) higher scores than males. However, male gave significantly higher scores than females for performance of foodservice hygiene. The importance and performance grid showed important factors for personal and foodservice hygiene. ‘Hand washing before eating the meal’ for personal hygiene and ‘cleanliness of tray’ for foodservice hygiene showed the highest importance and lowest performance scores. Foodservice hygiene can be improved through customized education of students regarding meal service and food hygiene, equipment hygiene, and environment hygiene. © 2014, J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr. All right reserved.	Foodservice hygiene; Importance; Middle school; Performance; Personal hygiene	None	None
WoS	WOS:000300154900001	Evaluation of knowledge levels amongst village AIDS committees after undergoing HIV educational sessions: results from a pilot study in rural Tanzania	Epsley, Elizabeth J.,Nhandi, Benjamin,Todd, Jim,Urassa, Mark,Wringe, Alison	2011	BMC INTERNATIONAL HEALTH AND HUMAN RIGHTS	11	None	10.1186/1472-698X-11-14	University of London	"Epsley, Elizabeth J.: University of London","Todd, Jim: University of London","Wringe, Alison: University of London",	Background: Village AIDS committees (VAC) were formed by the Tanzanian government in 2003 to provide HIV education to their communities. However, their potential has not been realised due to their limited knowledge and misconceptions surrounding HIV, which could be addressed through training of VAC members. In an attempt to increase HIV knowledge levels and address common misconceptions amongst the VACs, an HIV curriculum was delivered to members in rural north western Tanzania. Methods: An evaluation of HIV knowledge was conducted prior to and post-delivery of HIV training sessions, within members of three VACs in Kisesa ward. Quantitative surveys were used with several open-ended questions to identify local misconceptions and evaluate HIV knowledge levels. Short educational training sessions covering HIV transmission, prevention and treatment were conducted, with each VAC using quizzes, role-plays and participatory learning and action tools. Post-training surveys occurred up to seven days after the final training session. Results: Before the training, "good" HIV knowledge was higher amongst men than women (p = 0.041), and among those with previous HIV education (p = 0.002). The trade-centre had a faster turn-over of VAC members, and proximity to the trade-centre was associated with a shorter time on the committee. Training improved HIV knowledge levels with more members achieving a "good" score in the post-training survey compared with the baseline survey (p = &lt; 0.001). The training programme was popular, with 100% of participants requesting further HIV training in the future and 51.7% requesting training at three-monthly intervals. Conclusions: In this setting, a series of HIV training sessions for VACs demonstrated encouraging results, with increased HIV knowledge levels following short educational sessions. Further work is required to assess the success of VAC members in disseminating this HIV education to their communities, as well as up-scaling this pilot study to other regions in Tanzania with different misconceptions.	,ACCESS,"AFRICAN YOUTH","ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",DISCRIMINATION,"HEALTH INTERVENTION",PEOPLE,PREVENTION,PROGRAM,SCALING-UP,STIGMA	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896468097	Multiple project team membership and performance: Empirical evidence from engineering project teams	Chan K.-Y.	2014	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	17	1	None	Graduate School of Technology Management, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Chan, K.-Y., Graduate School of Technology Management, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Individuals are increasingly involved in more than one project team. This implies that an employee simultaneously has multiple memberships in these project teams, a phenomenon known as multiple team membership (MTM). Previous, predominantly theoretical studies have acknowledged the impacts that MTM has on performance but very scarce empirical evidence exists. The aim of this study is to provide empirical support for some of these theoretical claims using data collected from 435 team members in 85 engineering project teams in South Africa. Results show that MTM has an inverted-U shaped relationship with individual performance and a positive linear relationship with team performance. When a person is working in multiple project teams simultaneously, he/she may encounter more diverse sources of ideas across all teams and thus enhances his/her innovative performance. However, as the number of MTM increases, the negative effect of task switching and fragmented attention will negatively impact on individual performance. At the project team level, a large number of MTM in a focal team allows the team members to integrate diverse sources of knowledge and resources into the focal team. This study also found that individuals' emotional skills and cognitive skills impact on individual performance. It is recommended to programme and project portfolio managers, who often are involved in scheduling human resources to multiple projects, to acknowledge both the positive and negative impacts of MTM on performance. Moreover, in high MTM situations, project team members with high emotional and cognitive skills should be selected.	Individual performance; Multiple team membership; Project teams; Team performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84859839854	Innovation outcomes of South African new technology-based firms: A contribution to the debate on the performance of science park firms	Chan K.-Y.A., Oerlemans L.A.G., Pretorius M.W.	2011	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	14	4	None	Graduate School of Technology Management, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Organisation Studies and Center for Innovation Research, Tilburg University and Graduate School of Technology Management, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Chan, K.-Y.A., Graduate School of Technology Management, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Oerlemans, L.A.G., Department of Organisation Studies and Center for Innovation Research, Tilburg University and Graduate School of Technology Management, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Pretorius, M.W., Graduate School of Technology Management, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Science parks are often established to drive regional economic growth, especially in countries with emerging economies. However, mixed findings on the innovation outcomes of science park firms are reported in the literature. This study systematically identifies innovation outputs used in the science park literature and argues: (a) that firms generate different outcomes at various stages of the innovation process; and (b) that their use is a possible explanation for the mixed findings reported in the field. This paper combines a knowledge production function approach, modeling knowledge transfers and spillover flowing to new technology-based firms (NTBFs) in the emerging South African economy with innovation outcomes, which are measured by using a multi-dimensional construct. The estimations produce non-consistent and non-systematic results across different dimensions of innovation outcomes, implying that results are outcome indicator specific and that it makes sense to distinguish multiple indicators of innovation outcomes referring to different phases in a firm's innovation process.	Innovative outcomes; Knowledge transfer; New technology-based firms; Science parks; Spillovers	None	None
WoS	WOS:000304090900002	The Jamaican Historical Experience of the Impact of Educational Interventions on Sickle Cell Disease Child Mortality	Amendah, Djesika,Atrash, Hani K.,Grosse, Scott D.,Odame, Isaac,Piel, Frederic B.,Williams, Thomas N.	2012	AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE	42	6	10.1016/j.amepre.2012.03.005	Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), University College London, University of London, University of Oxford, University of Toronto, African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr, CDC, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, INDEPTH Network Demog Surveillance Sites, KEMRI Ctr Geog Med Res Coast	"Odame, Isaac: Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust","Odame, Isaac: Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids)","Odame, Isaac: University College London","Odame, Isaac: University of London","Odame, Isaac: University of Toronto","Piel, Frederic B.: University of Oxford",	None	,COHORT,LESSONS,SURVIVAL	None	None
WoS	WOS:000322531600001	Views from the global south: exploring how student volunteers from the global north can achieve sustainable impact in global health	Dimaras, Helen,Ouma, Brian D. O.	2013	GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH	9	None	10.1186/1744-8603-9-32	Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), University College London, University of London, University of Toronto, Daisys Eye Canc Fund Canada, Daisys Eye Canc Fund Kenya, Toronto Western Res Inst	None	Background: The body of research and practice regarding student volunteer abroad experiences largely focuses on ensuring the optimal learning experience for the student from the Global North, without equivalent attention to the benefits, if any, to the host institution in the Global South. In this debate article, we examine an often overlooked component of global student volunteer programs: the views of the local partner on what makes for a mutually beneficial partnership between volunteers from the Global North and institutions in the Global South. Discussion: To guide our discussion, we drew upon the experiences of a Kenyan NGO with a Canadian student volunteer in the summer of 2012, organized via a formalized partnership with a Canadian university. We found that the approach of the NGO to hosting the student mirrored the organizational behaviour theories of Margaret J. Wheatley, who emphasized a disorderly or 'chaotic' approach to acquiring impactful change, coupled with a focus on building solid human relationships. Rather than following a set of rigid goals or tasks, the student was encouraged to critically engage and participate in all aspects of the culture of the organization and country, to naturally discover an area where his priorities aligned with the needs of the NGO. Solid networks and interpersonal connections resulted in a process useful for the organization long after the student's short-term placement ended. Summary: Our discussion reveals key features of successful academic volunteer abroad placements: equal partnership in the design phase between organizations in the Global North and Global South; the absence of rigid structures or preplanned tasks during the student's placement; participatory observation and critical engagement of the student volunteer; and a willingness of the partners to measure impact by the resultant process instead of tangible outcomes.	"critical engagement","global health","MEDICAL EDUCATION","student volunteers","study abroad","volunteer tourism",ABROAD,EDUCATION,ELECTIVES,EXPERIENCES,PROGRAM,RESIDENTS,WORK	None	None
WoS	WOS:000302143600011	Continuous EEG monitoring in Kenyan children with non-traumatic coma	Chengo, Edwin,Fegan, Gregory,Garrashi, Harrun,Gwer, Samson,Idro, Richard,Kirkham, Fenella J.,Newton, Charles R.,White, Steve	2012	ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD	97	4	10.1136/archdischild-2011-300935	Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Makerere University, University College London, University of London, University of Oxford, University of Southampton, Afya Res Africa, Southampton Gen Hosp, Wellcome Trust Res Programme	"White, Steve: Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust","White, Steve: University College London","White, Steve: University of London",	Background The aim of this study was to describe the EEG and clinical profile of seizures in children with non-traumatic coma, compare seizure detection by clinical observations with that by continuous EEG, and relate EEG features to outcome. Methods This prospective observational study was conducted at the paediatric high dependency unit of Kilifi District Hospital, Kenya. Children aged 9 months to 13 years presenting with acute coma were monitored by EEG for 72 h or until they regained consciousness or died. Poor outcome was defined as death or gross motor deficits at discharge. Results 82 children (median age 2.8 (IQR 2.0-3.9) years) were recruited. An initial medium EEG amplitude (100-300 mV) was associated with less risk of poor outcome compared to low amplitude (&lt;= 100 mV) (OR 0.2, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.7; p&lt;0.01). 363 seizures in 28 (34%) children were observed: 240 (66%) were electrographic and 112 (31%) electroclinical. In 16 (20%) children, electrographic seizures were the only seizure types detected. The majority (63%) of electroclinical seizures had focal clinical features but appeared as generalised (79%) or focal with secondary generalisation (14%) on EEG. Occurrence of any seizure or status epilepticus during monitoring was associated with poor outcome (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.2 to 8.7; p=0.02 and OR 4.5, 95% CI 1.3 to 15.3; p&lt;0.01, respectively). Conclusion Initial EEG background amplitude is prognostic in paediatric non-traumatic coma. Clinical observations do not detect two out of three seizures. Seizures and status epilepticus after admission are associated with poor outcome.	,BACTERIAL-MENINGITIS,"CEREBRAL MALARIA",CHILDHOOD,CLINICAL-FEATURES,ENCEPHALOPATHY,INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT,"NONCONVULSIVE STATUS EPILEPTICUS",RISK-FACTORS,SEIZURES,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84898721705	Influence of home based factors on the academic performance of girl learners from poverty stricken families: A case of Zimbabwe	Chinyoka K., Naidu N.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	6 SPEC. ISSUE	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n6p223	Great Zimbabwe University, Department of Educational Foundations, Zimbabwe; Department of Psychology of Education, University of South Africa (UNISA), College of Education, South Africa	Chinyoka, K., Great Zimbabwe University, Department of Educational Foundations, Zimbabwe; Naidu, N., Department of Psychology of Education, University of South Africa (UNISA), College of Education, South Africa	This article examines the home based factors that influence the academic performance of the girl child from poverty stricken households in Masvingo province, Zimbabwe. With the prevailing economic hardships faced by the majority of the people in Zimbabwe since 1990, the number of girl children living in poverty is continually increasing and it has become a growing issue. A qualitative phenomenological design was used incorporating focus group discussions, interviews and observations as data collection instruments with ten girl children, six parents and four teachers at two secondary schools, one rural and another urban in Masvingo province. The participants comprised girl students doing form three, their parents and also some of their teachers. The study is informed by Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory. This study established that the girl child's academic performance is affected by multiple contexts including family, home, neighbourhood and school. The study concluded that family income, parental level of education, gender, home circumstances, and family size influenced academic achievement of girls in secondary schools. The home circumstances of girls from poor backgrounds were observed to be not conducive to learning because of a lack of lighting, spending much time on domestic chores, having no desk or table to work at, or not having books at home. The girl learners also did not get basic needs met like food, sanitary pads and school fees. Recommendations are that the government should sensitize parents on the need and importance of supporting the education of girls and on the importance of providing for the needs of the girl child. Finally, every effort must be made to ensure that the affected children have stable, preferably home/family based care and adequate social support. Various policies and interventions can help to attenuate poverty's negative influence on child development.	Academic performance; Ecological; Girl child; Home-based; Phenomenological; Poverty	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84921807477	The impact of agricultural and commercial use on two Urban Commonages in Harare	Magadza C., Magadza M.	2014	Honeyguide	60	1	None	Harare, Zimbabwe	Magadza, C., Harare, Zimbabwe; Magadza, M.	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943411814	Global Libraries impact planning and assessment progress	Al U., Andrade Blanco P., Chiranov M., Cruz Silva L.M., Devetakova L.N., Dewata Y., Dryžaite I., Farquharson F., Kochanowicz M., Liubyva T., López Naranjo A., Phan Q.T., Ralebipi-Simela R., Soydal I., Streatfield D., Taolo R., Trần T.T.T., Tkachuk Y.	2015	Performance Measurement and Metrics	16	2	10.1108/PMM-05-2015-0015	Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey; Department of the National System of Public Libraries and the BiblioRedes Program, Santiago, Chile; MC Performance Management, Bucharest, Romania; National Library of Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Quantitative Research Department, Ipsos, Sofia, Bulgaria; Perpuseru Program, Jakarta, Indonesia; Libraries for Innovation 2 Project, Vilnius, Lithuania; National Library of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa; Formerly Information Society Development Foundation, Warsaw, Poland; IREX, Kiev, Ukraine; Public Libraries Project, Bogotá, Colombia; Project of Improvement of computer usage and internet access ability in Viet Nam, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Department of information Management, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey; Information Management Associates, Twickenham, United Kingdom; Gaborone, Botswana; BMGF-VN, Hanoi, Viet Nam	Al, U., Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey; Andrade Blanco, P., Department of the National System of Public Libraries and the BiblioRedes Program, Santiago, Chile; Chiranov, M., MC Performance Management, Bucharest, Romania; Cruz Silva, L.M., National Library of Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Devetakova, L.N., Quantitative Research Department, Ipsos, Sofia, Bulgaria; Dewata, Y., Perpuseru Program, Jakarta, Indonesia; Dryžaite, I., Libraries for Innovation 2 Project, Vilnius, Lithuania; Farquharson, F., National Library of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa; Kochanowicz, M., Formerly Information Society Development Foundation, Warsaw, Poland; Liubyva, T., IREX, Kiev, Ukraine; López Naranjo, A., Public Libraries Project, Bogotá, Colombia; Phan, Q.T., Project of Improvement of computer usage and internet access ability in Viet Nam, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Ralebipi-Simela, R., National Library of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa; Soydal, I., Department of information Management, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey; Streatfield, D., Information Management Associates, Twickenham, United Kingdom; Taolo, R., Gaborone, Botswana; Trần, T.T.T., BMGF-VN, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Tkachuk, Y., IREX, Kiev, Ukraine	Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report on performance measurement and impact assessment progress made in 14 countries as part of the Global Libraries initiative, starting with the early country grants in Mexico and Chile. For the mature grants in Bulgaria, Botswana, Poland, Romania, Ukraine and Viet Nam which were recently completed or are approaching completion, the nature of the country program is outlined, before the impact assessment work is described and some recent results and conclusions are reported. A similar approach is adopted with pilot and new grants in Colombia, Indonesia, South Africa, Turkey and Lithuania. Design/methodology/approach – The country reports are presented as a series of case studies, in some cases supplementing those in an earlier special issue of this journal. Findings – Where appropriate, recent country-specific survey findings are reported. Practical implications – This paper shares Global Libraries IPA learning at country level with people in other countries who may be contemplating public library evaluation at regional, national or local level or who are interested in performance measurement and impact evaluation. Originality/value – These cases studies reflect concentrated impact assessment and performance measurement work at country level across a range of countries over more than 12 years. © 2015, Authors. Published by Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Global libraries initiative; Impact assessment; Performance measurement; Public libraries	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-51949095633	Educational jeopardy and its impact on inclusive education: A critical ethnographic account from a remote Ethiopian High School	Hussein J.W.	2008	Journal of Negro Education	77	2	None	Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia	Hussein, J.W., Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia	This article reported accounts of educational jeopardy in ABC Secondary School (pseudonym) in eastern Ethiopia. The data were collected through school and classroom observations and from the reflections of schoolteachers, school administrators, school pupils, and University student teachers. The critical ethnographic research approach used in this study revealed that there was real student disengagement during the learning process. The article pointed out the historical base of blaming students for disengagement in the educational processes in the classroom and their other untenable behaviors. The article argued that stating students are unwilling or unmotivated to learn was one aspect of explaining problems as caused mainly due to the deficiencies of the victim and seeking solutions in changing the victim rather than addressing the core cause of the problem. © The Journal of Negro Education.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000279623000003	The impact of a food security program on household food consumption in Northwestern Ethiopia: A matching estimator approach	Abebaw, Degnet,Fentie, Yibeltal,Kassa, Belay	2010	FOOD POLICY	35	4	10.1016/j.foodpol.2010.01.002	Haramaya University, Ethiopian Econ Policy Res Inst, United Nations World Food Program	"Kassa, Belay: Haramaya University",	With the financial support from various development partners, Ethiopia has designed and implemented several programs to improve household food security. Yet, food insecurity is still a major challenge to several millions of people in the country and it is questionable whether the different food security programs implemented over the past years have been successful. Using a propensity score matching method to control for pre-intervention differences, this study examined the impact on household food calorie intake of an integrated food security program (IFSP), which had been implemented in Northwestern Ethiopia by two non-governmental organizations as a case study. The estimated results provide evidence that IFSP has a positive and statistically significant effect on food calorie intake. In particular, IFSP has raised physical food calorie intake by 30% among the beneficiary households. However, we also found that IFSP has differential impact depending on family size, landownership and gender of head of household. Overall, the paper provides evidence that supporting integrated food security programs is important to improve food security in rural areas. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	ETHIOPIA,"FOOD SECURITY","PROGRAM EVALUATION","propensity score matching",CAUSAL,DIARRHEA,"ECONOMETRIC EVALUATION ESTIMATOR",INDIA,PROPENSITY-SCORE	None	None
WoS	WOS:000287214300001	IMPACT OF SMALL-SCALE IRRIGATION ON HOUSEHOLD POVERTY: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM THE AMBO DISTRICT IN ETHIOPIA	Bacha, Dereje,Bogale, Ayalneh,Namara, Regassa,Tesfaye, Abonesh	2011	IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE	60	1	10.1002/ird.550	Haramaya University, Int Water Management Inst, Minist Water Resources Dev, Oromia Agr Res Inst	"Namara, Regassa: Haramaya University",	A study was conducted in the Ambo district of western Ethiopia in 2006 to understand the poverty reduction impacts of small-scale irrigation development, using the Indris irrigation system as a case study. The study was based on a survey of representative farm households with and without access to irrigation. The total sample size for the study was 222 (107 households with access to irrigation and 115 without). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, the Foster, Greer and Thobeck poverty indices, and Heckman's selectivity model. Results indicate that the incidence, depth, and severity of poverty are significantly lower among those farm households with access to irrigation. In addition to irrigation, other variables such as farm size, livestock holding size, land productivity, and family size significantly influence the level of household consumption expenditure. However, the proportion of poor people in the overall sample, notwithstanding access to irrigation, is alarmingly high, indicating the deep-rooted and critical situation of poverty in rural Ethiopia. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.	"Heckman Model","household consumption expenditure",POVERTY,"rural poverty","small-scale irrigation"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84942868582	Evaluation of non-genetic factors affecting calf growth, reproductive performance and milk yield of traditionally managed Sheko cattle in southwest Ethiopia	Bayou E., Haile A., Gizaw S., Mekasha Y.	2015	SpringerPlus	4	1	10.1186/s40064-015-1340-9	Haramaya University, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia; International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, P.O. Box 5689, C/O ILRI Addis, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Bayou, E., Haramaya University, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia; Haile, A., International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, P.O. Box 5689, C/O ILRI Addis, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Gizaw, S., International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Mekasha, Y., International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	The study was conducted to estimate calf growth, reproductive performance and milk yield of Ethiopia Sheko cattle and to assess non-genetic factors affecting their performance in their home tract as a step towards designing sustainable cattle conservation and improvement strategy. All the growth traits considered in the study were significantly affected by all non-genetic factors considered except for the fixed effects of Agro ecological zones (AEZs) and season of birth which were not significant for post weaning daily gain. Calving interval (CI) and days open (DO) were significantly influenced by AEZs, season and dam parity. Cows that calved in lowland had shorter CI and DO than cows which calved in midland. Cows that calved in short rainy season had Short CI and DO than those calved during dry season or long rainy season. Cows which calved for the first time had the longest CI and DO from the other parities whereas cows on their fifth parity had the shortest CI and DO. AEZ significantly affected lactation milk yield (LMY) and lactation length (LL), but not significant on daily milk yield (DMY) and 305 days yield (305DY). Season was significant on all milk traits considered except DMY. Parity effect was significant on LMY and 305DY, whereas DMY and LL were not affected. The non-genetic factors had significant effects for all of the reproductive; and many of the growth and milk performance traits considered and hence will need to be considered in cattle breed improvement program. © 2015, Bayou et al.	Lowland; Midland; Monitoring; Non-genetic; Performance; Sheko	None	None
WoS	WOS:000337685400006	Single-Arm Evaluation of the AccuCirc Device for Early Infant Male Circumcision in Botswana	Abdullahi, Rasak,Lesetedi, Chiapo,Lockman, Shahin,Makhema, Joseph,Mmalane, Mompati,Ndubuka, Nnamdi O.,Nkgau, Maggie,Plank, Rebeca M.,Powis, Kathleen M.,Shapiro, Roger,Wirth, Kathleen E.	2014	JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES	66	1	None	Harvard University, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Botswana Harvard Sch Publ Hlth AIDS Initiat Partn, Botswana Minist Hlth, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Northern InterTribal Hlth Author	None	Existing devices for early infant male circumcision (EIMC) have inherent limitations. We evaluated the newly developed AccuCirc device by circumcising 151 clinically well, full-term male infants with birth weight &gt;= 2.5 kg within the first 10 days of life from a convenience sample in 2 hospitals in Botswana. No major adverse events were observed. There was 1 local infection, 5 cases of minor bleeding, and 1 case of moderate bleeding. In 3 cases, the device made only partial incisions that were completed immediately by the provider without complications. Parental satisfaction was high: &gt;96% of mothers stated that they would circumcise a future son. The pre-assembled, sterile AccuCirc kit has the potential to overcome obstacles related to supply chain management and on-site instrument disinfection that can pose challenges in resource-limited settings. In our study, the AccuCirc was safe and it should be considered for programmatic EIMC in resource-limited settings.	AccuCirc,BOTSWANA,"early infant male circumcision",HIV,NEONATAL,PREVENTION,AFRICA,CLAMP,COMPLICATIONS,"HIV PREVENTION",INJURIES,MEN,"NEONATAL MALE CIRCUMCISION",NEWBORN,PLASTIBELL,RANDOMIZED-TRIAL	None	None
WoS	WOS:000323978800001	Using electronic technology to improve clinical care - results from a before-after cluster trial to evaluate assessment and classification of sick children according to Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) protocol in Tanzania	Hedt-Gauthier, Bethany L.,Lesh, Neal,Mitchell, Marc,Msellemu, Daniel,Nkaka, Melania	2013	BMC MEDICAL INFORMATICS AND DECISION MAKING	13	None	10.1186/1472-6947-13-95	Harvard University, Dimagi Inc, D Tree Int, Ifakara Hlth Inst	None	Background: Poor adherence to the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) protocol reduces the potential impact on under-five morbidity and mortality. Electronic technology could improve adherence; however there are few studies demonstrating the benefits of such technology in a resource-poor settings. This study estimates the impact of electronic technology on adherence to the IMCI protocols as compared to the current paper-based protocols in Tanzania. Methods: In four districts in Tanzania, 18 clinics were randomly selected for inclusion. At each site, observers documented critical parts of the clinical assessment of children aged 2 months to 5 years. The first set of observations occurred during examination of children using paper-based IMCI (pIMCI) and the next set of observations occurred during examination using the electronic IMCI (eIMCI). Children were re-examined by an IMCI expert and the diagnoses were compared. A total of 1221 children (671 paper, 550 electronic) were observed. Results: For all ten critical IMCI items included in both systems, adherence to the protocol was greater for eIMCI than for pIMCI. The proportion assessed under pIMCI ranged from 61% to 98% compared to 92% to 100% under eIMCI (p &lt; 0.05 for each of the ten assessment items). Conclusions: Use of electronic systems improved the completeness of assessment of children with acute illness in Tanzania. With the before-after nature of the design, potential for temporal confounding is the primary limitation. However, the data collection for both phases occurred over a short period (one month) and so temporal confounding was expected to be minimal. The results suggest that the use of electronic IMCI protocols can improve the completeness and consistency of clinical assessments and future studies will examine the long-term health and health systems impact of eIMCI.	,GUIDELINES,HEALTH-WORKERS,IMPLEMENTATION,"MULTICOUNTRY EVALUATION",STRATEGY	None	None
WoS	WOS:000334942700001	Implementation and evaluation of the Helping Babies Breathe curriculum in three resource limited settings: does Helping Babies Breathe save lives? A study protocol	Bang, Akash,Bellad, Roopa,Carlo, Waldemar A.,Derman, Richard J.,Esamai, Fabian,Gisore, Peter,Goco, Norman,Goudar, Shivaprasad,Hibberd, Patricia,Liechty, Edward A.,McClure, Elizabeth,Meleth, Sreelatha,Patel, Archana,Wright, Linda L.	2014	BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH	14	None	10.1186/1471-2393-14-116	Harvard University, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University System, Moi University, National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA, Research Triangle Institute, University of Alabama Birmingham, University of Alabama System, Christiana Care, Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, KLEs Jawaharlal Nehru Med Coll, Lata Med Res Fdn, Mahatma Gandhi Inst Med Sci, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, NIH Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD), , RTI Int	"Carlo, Waldemar A.: University of Alabama Birmingham","Carlo, Waldemar A.: University of Alabama System","Esamai, Fabian: Moi University","Gisore, Peter: Moi University","Goco, Norman: Research Triangle Institute","Hibberd, Patricia: Harvard University","Liechty, Edward A.: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis","Liechty, Edward A.: Indiana University System","McClure, Elizabeth: Research Triangle Institute","Meleth, Sreelatha: Research Triangle Institute","Wright, Linda L.: National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA",	Background: Neonatal deaths account for over 40% of all under-5 year deaths; their reduction is increasingly critical for achieving Millennium Development Goal 4. An estimated 3 million newborns die annually during their first month of life; half of these deaths occur during delivery or within 24 hours. Every year, 6 million babies require help to breathe immediately after birth. Resuscitation training to help babies breathe and prevent/manage birth asphyxia is not routine in low-middle income facility settings. Helping Babies Breathe (HBB), a simulation-training program for babies wherever they are born, was developed for use in low-middle income countries. We evaluated whether HBB training of facility birth attendants reduces perinatal mortality in the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development's Global Network research sites. Methods/design: We hypothesize that a two-year prospective pre-post study to evaluate the impact of a facility-based training package, including HBB and essential newborn care, will reduce all perinatal mortality (fresh stillbirth or neonatal death prior to 7 days) among the Global Network's Maternal Neonatal Health Registry births &gt;= 1500 grams in the study clusters served by the facilities. We will also evaluate the effectiveness of the HBB training program changing on facility-based perinatal mortality and resuscitation practices. Seventy-one health facilities serving 52 geographically-defined study clusters in Belgaum and Nagpur, India, and Eldoret, Kenya, and 30,000 women will be included. Primary outcome data will be collected by staff not involved in the HBB intervention. Additional data on resuscitations, resuscitation debriefings, death audits, quality monitoring and improvement will be collected. HBB training will include training of MTs, facility level birth attendants, and quality monitoring and improvement activities. Discussion: Our study will evaluate the effect of a HBB/ENC training and quality monitoring and improvement package on perinatal mortality using a large multicenter design and approach in 71 resource-limited health facilities, leveraging an existing birth registry to provide neonatal outcomes through day 7. The study will provide the evidence base, lessons learned, and best practices that will be essential to guiding future policy and investment in neonatal resuscitation.	ASPHYXIA,"bag and mask ventilation","&gt;= 1500 grams","Helping Babies Breathe","NEONATAL MORTALITY","PERINATAL MORTALITY",RESUSCITATION,STILLBIRTH,DEVELOPING-COUNTRY,"NEONATAL RESUSCITATION",PERINATAL-MORTALITY	None	None
WoS	WOS:000344700300001	Evaluation of a community health worker intervention and the World Health Organization's Option B versus Option A to improve antenatal care and PMTCT outcomes in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled health systems im	Baernighausen, Till W.,Chalamilla, Guerino,Ekstrom, Anna Mia,Fawzi, Wafaie W.,Geldsetzer, Pascal,Kilewo, Charles,Lema, Irene Andrew,Li, Nan,Machumi, Lameck,Magesa, Lucy,Mujinja, Phares,Mungure, Ester,Mwanyika-Sando, Mary,Naburi, Helga,Sando, David,Siril,	2014	TRIALS	15	None	10.1186/1745-6215-15-359	Harvard University, Karolinska Institutet, Management & Dev Hlth, Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Wellcome Trust Africa Ctr Hlth & Populat Studies	"Fawzi, Wafaie W.: Harvard University","Geldsetzer, Pascal: Harvard University","Li, Nan: Harvard University",	Background: Mother-to-child transmission of HIV remains an important public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. As HIV testing and linkage to PMTCT occurs in antenatal care (ANC), major challenges for any PMTCT option in developing countries, including Tanzania, are delays in the first ANC visit and a low overall number of visits. Community health workers (CHWs) have been effective in various settings in increasing the uptake of clinical services and improving treatment retention and adherence. At the beginning of this trial in January 2013, the World Health Organization recommended either of two medication regimens, Option A or B, for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT). It is still largely unclear which option is more effective when implemented in a public healthcare system. This study aims to determine the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of: (1) a community health worker (CWH) intervention and (2) PMTCT Option B in improving ANC and PMTCT outcomes. Methods/Design: This study is a cluster-randomized controlled health systems implementation trial with a two-by-two factorial design. All 60 administrative wards in the Kinondoni and Ilala districts in Dar es Salaam were first randomly allocated to either receiving the CHW intervention or not, and then to receiving either Option B or A. Under the standard of care, facility-based health workers follow up on patients who have missed scheduled appointments for PMTCT, first through a telephone call and then with a home visit. In the wards receiving the CHW intervention, the CHWs: (1) identify pregnant women through home visits and refer them to antenatal care; (2) provide education to pregnant women on antenatal care, PMTCT, birth, and postnatal care; (3) routinely follow up on all pregnant women to ascertain whether they have attended ANC; and (4) follow up on women who have missed ANC or PMTCT appointments.	"ANTENATAL CARE","COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKERS",HIV,"prevention of mother-to-child transmission",RETENTION,"study protocol",UPTAKE,"ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",BOTSWANA,"DOSE NEVIRAPINE","HIV-1 TRANSMISSION",MORTALITY,PREGNANCY,PREVENTION,PROPHYLAXIS,SATISFACTION	None	None
WoS	WOS:000258761700014	Assessing the economic impact of HIV/AIDS on Nigerian households: a propensity score matching approach	Canning, David,Mahal, Ajay,Odumosu, Kunle,Okonkwo, Prosper	2008	AIDS	22	None	None	Harvard University, Nigerian Inst Social & Econ Res	"Canning, David: Harvard University","Mahal, Ajay: Harvard University",	Objectives: We used a novel approach to assess the impact of HIV/AIDS on individuals' healthcare utilization and spending in the Oyo and Plateau states of Nigeria and income foregone from work time lost. Methods: Data from a 2004 random Survey of over 6400 individuals were compared with a sample of 482 individuals living with HIV/AIDS. Estimating the effect of HIV is complicated by the fact that our sample of HIV-positive individuals was non-random; there are selection effects, both in acquiring HIV and being in our sample of HIV-positive people, which was based on contacts through non-govern menta I organizations. To overcome these, we compared HIV-positive people with a control group with similar observed characteristics, using propensity score matching. The matched HIV-negative individuals had worse health and greater health spending than the full HIV-negative group. This suggests that our HIV sample would not have had 'average' outcomes even if they had not acquired HIV. Results: Compared with Our matched control group, HIV is associated with significantly increased morbidity, healthcare utilization, public health facility use, lost work time and family time devoted to care-giving. Direct private healthcare costs and indirect income loss per HIV-positive individual were 36065 Naira, approximately 56% of annual income per capita in affected households. Approximately 40% of these costs were income losses associated with sickness and care-giving. 10% of the cost of HIV is accounted for by public subsidies for health. The largest single cost, representing 54% of the total economic burden of HIV, is for out-of-pocket expenses for healthcare. (C) 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health. Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins.	"DIRECT COSTS","ECONOMIC IMPACTS",HIV,HOUSEHOLDS,NIGERIA,"propensity-score matching"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000317880300013	Utilizing community health worker data for program management and evaluation: Systems for data quality assessments and baseline results from Rwanda	Basinga, Paulin,Drobac, Peter,Farmer, Didi Bertrand,Hedt-Gauthier, Bethany,Hirschhorn, Lisa,Karamaga, Adolphe,Mitsunaga, Tisha,Mugeni, Cathy,Ngabo, Fidele,Ngizwenayo, Elias	2013	SOCIAL SCIENCE &amp; MEDICINE	85	None	10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.02.033	Harvard University, University of Rwanda, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Minist Hlth, PIH, Rwinkwavu Dist Hosp	"Basinga, Paulin: University of Rwanda","Hedt-Gauthier, Bethany: Harvard University",	Community health workers (CHWs) have and continue to play a pivotal role in health services delivery in many resource-constrained environments. The data routinely generated through these programs are increasingly relied upon for providing information for program management, evaluation and quality assurance. However, there are few published results on the quality of CHW-generated data, and what information exists suggests quality is low. An ongoing challenge is the lack of routine systems for CHW data quality assessments (DQAs). In this paper, we describe a system developed for CHW DQAs and results of the first formal assessment in southern Kayonza, Rwanda, May-June 2011. We discuss considerations for other programs interested in adopting such systems. While the results identified gaps in the current data quality, the assessment also identified opportunities for strengthening the data to ensure suitable levels of quality for use in management and evaluation. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	Africa,"community case management","community health worker","DATA QUALITY","Lot Quality Assurance Sampling",LQAS,RWANDA,CHALLENGES,COUNTRIES,INFORMATION-SYSTEM,MALAWI,POLICY	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-69249112209	Pastoralists perceptions and rangeland evaluation for livestock production in south eastern Ethiopia	Abate T., Ebro A., Nigatu L.	2009	Livestock Research for Rural Development	21	7	None	Hawassa University, Department of Animal and Range Science, P. O. Box, 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia; Adami Tulu Agriculture Research Center, P.O.Box 35, Zeway, Ethiopia; Haromaya University, P.O.Box, 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia	Abate, T., Hawassa University, Department of Animal and Range Science, P. O. Box, 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia; Ebro, A., Adami Tulu Agriculture Research Center, P.O.Box 35, Zeway, Ethiopia; Nigatu, L., Haromaya University, P.O.Box, 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia	This paper reports the results of a study carried out to examine the traditional rangeland utilization practices, and evaluation of the rangelands in Rayitu district of south-Eastern Ethiopia. Traditional pastoralists' rangeland utilization practices were assessed using structured questionnaires and group discussions. The rangelands were evaluated by stratifying the district in altitude and grazing types using grass, soil and woody layers parameters. About 91% of the pastoralists replied that the condition of their rangelands was poor and the main problems were drought, overgrazing and bush encroachment. Over 86% reported that compared to past, their grazing lands are now covered with bushes and shrubs. Annual and less desirable grass species dominated the communal grazing sites while perennial and highly desirable grass species were most frequent in the benchmark sites. Mean total range condition score in the communal, enclosure and benchmark sites were 23.40 ±1.35 (poor), 39 ± 1.35 (fair) and 50.42 ±0.9 (good), respectively. The perception and rangeland evaluation studies confirmed that the communal grazing sites have deteriorated in condition and need improvement interventions. The enclosure sites were in transitional state from poor to fair condition and this suggests a need for intervention to improve their condition while the benchmark sites need maintenance of their present condition.	Altitude; Biomass; Grazing types; Species composition; Traditional rangeland utilization	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70349678860	Gender differentials in migration impacts in Southern Ethiopia	Regassa N., Yusufe A.	2009	Anthropologist	11	2	None	Hawassa University, Department of Rural Development and Family Sciences, P.O.Box 679, SNNPR, Awassa, Ethiopia	Regassa, N., Hawassa University, Department of Rural Development and Family Sciences, P.O.Box 679, SNNPR, Awassa, Ethiopia; Yusufe, A., Hawassa University, Department of Rural Development and Family Sciences, P.O.Box 679, SNNPR, Awassa, Ethiopia	The Southern Nations, Nationalities Peoples Region (SNNPR) of Ethiopian is experiencing one of the highest population growth rate (about 2.8 percent per annum) mainly as a result of very high fertility rate (Total Fertility Rate, TFR, of 5.9). Like in other parts of the country, rural-urban migration is an increasingly becoming common phenomenon mainly as direct response to environmental degradation and rural poverty. While there are interwoven socio-economic and ecological factors contribute to the migration of influx of people into the increasingly important medium sized urban areas of the region, the migration impacts on the migrants at destination (urban centers) is less researched, and hence, worth investigating. This article thus tries to examine the gender differentials of migration impacts at the place of destinations by taking the experiences of four major urban areas of the Southern Region (Awassa town, Wolkite town, Durame, and Soddo). The study is based on primary data collected from 821 urban migrants selected from four of the most populous districts (zone) of southern Ethiopia namely Sidama, Wolayita, Kembata Tembaro and Guraghe zones. The study has employed Chi-square analysis to examine the possible gender differentials of migration impacts at the place of destination. The study employed both the quantitative and qualitative approaches in the course of collecting and analyzing the data. The study has documented that there are certain gender differentials in the impacts of migration at the place of destination: Male migrants are more prone to some of the socio-economic problems (such as unemployment) than their counterpart female migrants. Similarly, female migrants are found to be more prone to some of urban problems (such as, lack of food, lack of adequate health service, homesickness, labor and sexual abuses and the like) than their counterpart male migrants. © Kamla-Raj 2009.	Differentials; Gender; Kebeles; Southern Ethiopia; Woredas; Zones	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900521533	They protect us, but are they using protection? The potential impact of HIV on the South African Police Service	George G., Gow J.	2014	African Security Review	23	2	10.1080/10246029.2014.902387	Health Economics and HIV and AIDS Research Division, The University of KwaZulu Natal, South Africa; The University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia	George, G., Health Economics and HIV and AIDS Research Division, The University of KwaZulu Natal, South Africa; Gow, J., The University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia	The drivers of HIV/AIDS in the South African Police Service (SAPS) and impact of the disease on this workforce are neglected areas of research. Existing evidence suggests that while the occupational risk for contracting HIV is low, there are factors associated with the profession that, if left unmanaged, place police officers at risk of contracting HIV. This study's two aims are to identify the potential pathways of HIV infection within policing services and determine the probable impact of HIV/AIDS on SAPS. Through a systematic literature review on HIV/AIDS within police services, and by analysing selected SAPS human resource data, the causal pathways and impact of HIV/AIDS on police services are explored. The study finds that police officers (particularly male officers) are likely to be highly susceptible to HIV infection as a result of risky sexual behaviours born out of occupational characteristics such as high levels of stress, difficult working conditions, living away from home and interactions with sex workers. The problem is exacerbated by the 'macho' culture that often prevails among police officers. HIV/AIDS interventions within SAPS must focus on sustained behaviour change. Further, HIV programmes must equip officers with the knowledge and awareness to avoid engaging in high-risk sexual practices that may compromise their health and the effectiveness of the policing service. © 2014 Institute for Security Studies.	drivers; HIV/AIDS; impact; South African Police Service	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941312733	Ion imprinted polymer based electrochemical sensor for environmental monitoring of copper(II)	Abu-Dalo M.A., Salam A.A., Nassory N.S.	2015	International Journal of Electrochemical Science	10	8	None	Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan; Institute of Continuing Education, Bayero University Kano, P.M.B 3011, Kano, Nigeria	Abu-Dalo, M.A., Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan; Salam, A.A., Institute of Continuing Education, Bayero University Kano, P.M.B 3011, Kano, Nigeria; Nassory, N.S., Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan	Plasticized membranes using copper-carboxybenzotriazole have been prepared and explored as Cu2+-selective electrochemical sensors. Effects of three different plasticizers: bis(2-ethylhexyl)sebacate (BEHS), dibutylphthalate (DBP) and Dioctylphthalate (DOP) were studied, optimized and evaluated. Optimum performance was observed with membrane having the following composition: PVC (61%): DBP (35%): IIP (4%). The optimized membrane was used for construction of liquid electrochemical sensor. The sensor was found to work satisfactorily in the concentration range between 1.0×10-1-1.0×10-5M with a Nerstian slope value of about 28.1mV/decade. Wide pH range (3-8), fast response time (22s) and long lifetime (~ 2 months) indicate the potential of the proposed sensors in the determination of copper II ions in synthetic and wastewater samples with excellent recoveries (94%- 109%). Potentiometric selectivity coefficient values were determined by separate solution method (SSM), and good selectivity for Cu2+ over most interfering ions was achieved. © 2015 The Authors.	Copper-carboxybenzotriazole; Electrochemical sensor; Environmental monitoring; Ion imprinted polymer	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867214020	The impact of health insurance on health-care utilisation and out-of-pocket payments in South Africa	Ataguba J.E.-O., Goudge J.	2012	Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance: Issues and Practice	37	4	10.1057/gpp.2012.35	Health Economics Unit, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925, South Africa; Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, South Africa	Ataguba, J.E.-O., Health Economics Unit, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925, South Africa; Goudge, J., Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, South Africa	Health insurance is an alternative to direct out-of-pocket (OOP) financing. It aims to improve access to care and reduce direct OOP payments. However, this may not be the case if there is high cost sharing and limited cover. This paper uses the methodology of propensity score matching to investigate the impact of private insurance via membership of a medical scheme in South Africa on health-care utilisation and OOP payments. The paper finds that insurance coverage increases the use of private health services as would be expected but there is no significant effect on the use of public services. Further, such coverage does not result in lower OOP payments for scheme members compared to non-members. This calls for a need to design health insurance, in South Africa, in the form that not only ensures adequate utilisation of health services but also provides financial protection to the insured as reflected in the current commitment for a National Health Insurance. © 2012 The International Association for the Study of Insurance Economics.	Health insurance; Health-care utilisation; Impact evaluation; Out-of-pocket payments; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84866134258	Economic evaluation of task-shifting approaches to the dispensing of anti-retroviral therapy	Foster N., McIntyre D.	2012	Human Resources for Health	10	None	10.1186/1478-4491-10-32	Health Economics Unit, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa	Foster, N., Health Economics Unit, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa; McIntyre, D., Health Economics Unit, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa	Background: A scarcity of human resources for health has been identified as one of the primary constraints to the scale-up of the provision of Anti-Retroviral Treatment (ART). In South Africa there is a particularly severe lack of pharmacists. The study aims to compare two task-shifting approaches to the dispensing of ART: Indirectly Supervised Pharmacist's Assistants (ISPA) and Nurse-based pharmaceutical care models against the standard of care which involves a pharmacist dispensing ART.Methods: A cross-sectional mixed methods study design was used. Patient exit interviews, time and motion studies, expert interviews and staff costs were used to conduct a costing from the societal perspective. Six facilities were sampled in the Western Cape province of South Africa, and 230 patient interviews conducted.Results: The ISPA model was found to be the least costly task-shifting pharmaceutical model. However, patients preferred receiving medication from the nurse. This related to a fear of stigma and being identified by virtue of receiving ART at the pharmacy.Conclusions: While these models are not mutually exclusive, and a variety of pharmaceutical care models will be necessary for scale up, it is useful to consider the impact of implementing these models on the provider, patient access to treatment and difficulties in implementation. © 2012 Foster and McIntyre; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.	Anti-retroviral therapy; Pharmaceutical care models; Skills mix; Task-shifting	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77249152799	The impact of provider-initiated (opt-out) HIV testing and counseling of patients with sexually transmitted infection in Cape Town, South Africa: A controlled trial	Leon N., Naidoo P., Mathews C., Lewin S., Lombard C.	2010	Implementation Science	5	1	10.1186/1748-5908-5-8	Health Systems Research Unit, Medical Research Council of South Africa (MRC), Cape Town, South Africa; Independent Public Health Consultant, Cape Town, South Africa; School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town (UCT), Cape Town, South Africa; Preventive and International Health Care Unit, Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services, Oslo, Norway; Biostatistics Unit, Health Systems Research Unit, Medical Research Council of South Africa (MRC), Cape Town, South Africa	Leon, N., Health Systems Research Unit, Medical Research Council of South Africa (MRC), Cape Town, South Africa; Naidoo, P., Independent Public Health Consultant, Cape Town, South Africa; Mathews, C., Health Systems Research Unit, Medical Research Council of South Africa (MRC), Cape Town, South Africa, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town (UCT), Cape Town, South Africa; Lewin, S., Health Systems Research Unit, Medical Research Council of South Africa (MRC), Cape Town, South Africa, Preventive and International Health Care Unit, Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services, Oslo, Norway; Lombard, C., Biostatistics Unit, Health Systems Research Unit, Medical Research Council of South Africa (MRC), Cape Town, South Africa	Background: The effectiveness of provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling (PITC) for patients with sexually transmitted infection (STI) in resource-constrained settings are of particular concern for high HIV prevalence countries like South Africa. This study evaluated whether the PITC approach increased HIV testing amongst patients with a new episode of sexually transmitted infection, as compared to standard voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) at the primary care level in South Africa, a high prevalence and low resource setting.Methods: The design was a pragmatic cluster-controlled trial with seven intervention and 14 control clinics in Cape Town. Nurses in intervention clinics integrated PITC into standard HIV care with few additional resources, whilst lay counselors continued with the VCT approach in control clinics. Routine data were collected for a six-month period following the intervention in 2007, on new STI patients who were offered and who accepted HIV testing. The main outcome measure was the proportion of new STI patients tested for HIV, with secondary outcomes being the proportions who were offered and who declined the HIV test.Results: A significantly higher proportion of new STI patients in the intervention group tested for HIV as compared to the control group with (56.4% intervention versus 42.6% control, p = 0.037). This increase was achieved despite a significantly higher proportion intervention group declining testing when offered (26.7% intervention versus 13.5% control, p = 0.0086). Patients were more likely to be offered HIV testing in intervention clinics, where providers offered the HIV test to 76.8% of new STI patients versus 50.9% in the control group (p = 0.0029). There was significantly less variation in the main outcomes across the intervention clinics, suggesting that the intervention also facilitated more consistent performance.Conclusions: PITC was successful in three ways: it increased the proportion of new STI patients tested for HIV; it increased the proportion of new STI patients offered HIV testing; and it delivered more consistent performance across clinics. Recommendations are made for increasing the impact and feasibility of PITC in high HIV prevalence and resource-constrained settings. These include more flexible use of clinical and lay staff, and combining PITC with VCT and other community-based approaches to HIV testing. © 2010 Leon et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84938553397	Improving treatment adherence for blood pressure lowering via mobile phone SMS-messages in South Africa: A qualitative evaluation of the SMS-text Adherence SuppoRt (StAR) trial Service organization, utilization, and delivery of care	Leon N., Surender R., Bobrow K., Muller J., Farmer A.	2015	BMC Family Practice	16	1	10.1186/s12875-015-0289-7	Health Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Fransie Van Zyl Drive P.O. Box 19070, Tygerberg Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, 32 Wellington Square, Oxford, United Kingdom; Chronic Disease Initiative for Africa, Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Main Road, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa; Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Gibson Building, Oxford, United Kingdom	Leon, N., Health Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Fransie Van Zyl Drive P.O. Box 19070, Tygerberg Cape Town, South Africa; Surender, R., Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, 32 Wellington Square, Oxford, United Kingdom; Bobrow, K., Chronic Disease Initiative for Africa, Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Main Road, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Gibson Building, Oxford, United Kingdom; Muller, J., Health Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Fransie Van Zyl Drive P.O. Box 19070, Tygerberg Cape Town, South Africa; Farmer, A., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Gibson Building, Oxford, United Kingdom	Background: Effective use of proven treatments for high blood pressure, a preventable health risk, is challenging for many patients. Prompts via mobile phone SMS-text messaging may improve adherence to clinic visits and treatment, though more research is needed on impact and patient perceptions of such support interventions, especially in low-resource settings. Method: An individually-randomised controlled trial in a primary care clinic in Cape Town (2012-14), tested the effect of an adherence support intervention delivered via SMS-texts, on blood pressure control and adherence to medication, for hypertensive patients. (Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02019823). We report on a qualitative evaluation that explored the trial participants' experiences and responses to the SMS-text messages, and identified barriers and facilitators to delivering adherence support via patients' own mobile phones. Two focus groups and fifteen individual interviews were conducted. We used comparative and thematic analysis approaches to identify themes and triangulated our analysis amongst three researchers. Results: Most participants were comfortable with the technology of using SMS-text messages. Messages were experienced as acceptable, relevant and useful to a broad range of participants. The SMS-content, the respectful tone and the delivery (timing of reminders and frequency) and the relational aspect of trial participation (feeling cared for) were all highly valued. A subgroup who benefitted the most, were those who had been struggling with adherence due to high levels of personal stress. The intervention appeared to coincide with their readiness for change, and provided practical and emotional support for improving adherence behaviour. Change may have been facilitated through increased acknowledgement of their health status and attitudinal change towards greater self-responsibility. Complex interaction of psycho-social stressors and health service problems were reported as broader challenges to adherence behaviours. Conclusion: Adherence support for treatment of raised blood pressure, delivered via SMS-text message on the patient's own phone, was found to be acceptable, relevant and helpful, even for those who already had their own reminder systems in place. Our findings begin to identify for whom and what core elements of the SMS-text message intervention appear to work best in a low-resource operational setting, issues that future research should explore in greater depth. © 2015 Leon et al.	Adherence; Blood pressure treatment; Hypertension; low-and middle-income countries primary-care; mHealth; Mobile phone-based SMS-messages; qualitative methodology, patient perspective; South Africa	None	None
WoS	WOS:000260974800015	Evaluating a school-based trachoma curriculum in Tanzania	Courtright, Paul,Geneau, Robert,Lewallen, Susan,MacArthur, Chad,Massae, Patrick,Somba, Margareth,Tharaney, Manisha	2008	HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH	23	6	10.1093/her/cym097	Helen Keller Int, Tumaini Univ KCMC	None	Trachoma remains a public health problem in a number of sub-Saharan Africa countries; behavioral change and environmental improvements are cornerstones of prevention efforts. Evidence of successful health education are few in Africa. Health education efforts through primary schools have recently been developed and adopted in Tanzania. We evaluated changes from 2004 to 2005 in knowledge and reported behavioral change as well as nasal and ocular discharge and clean faces in selected schools in central Tanzania. This was a mixed-methods study involving both schoolchildren and schoolteachers. We found a significant reduction in nasal discharge (from 4.5% to 0.5%) and dirty faces (from 3.6% to 0.9%) and improvements in some knowledge- and behavior-related indices by primary schoolchildren in the intervention villages. The teachers viewed the trachoma curriculum positively but reported that the lack of water at the schools limited application of the health education messages. The disparity between health education messages and environmental capacities for implementing these messages (no wells at the schools and minimal latrine facilities at the schools and homes) limited usefulness of the curriculum.	,"ACTIVE TRACHOMA","BLINDING TRACHOMA",IMPACT,STRATEGY,VIETNAM	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956304251	Evaluation of references in dissertations and theses against the holdings in a University library	Omoba F.A., Fabunmi B.A.	2010	Library Philosophy and Practice	2010	FEB	None	Hezekiah Oluwasanmi Library, Obafemiawolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria; Kenneth Dike Library, University Of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	Omoba, F.A., Hezekiah Oluwasanmi Library, Obafemiawolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria; Fabunmi, B.A., Kenneth Dike Library, University Of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-44349168404	Informatics for historians: Tools for medieval document XML markup, and their impact on the history-sciences	Burkard B., Vogeler G., Gruner S.	2008	Journal of Universal Computer Science	14	2	None	Hist.-Kulturw. Inf.-Verarbeitung, Univ. zu Köln, Germany; Histor. Seminar, Ludwig-Max.-Univ. München, Germany; Dept. of Comp.-Science, Univ. of Pretoria, South Africa	Burkard, B., Hist.-Kulturw. Inf.-Verarbeitung, Univ. zu Köln, Germany; Vogeler, G., Histor. Seminar, Ludwig-Max.-Univ. München, Germany; Gruner, S., Dept. of Comp.-Science, Univ. of Pretoria, South Africa	This article is a revised and extended version of [VBG, 07]. We conjecture that the digitalization of historical text documents as a basis of data mining and information retrieval for the purpose of progress in the history sciences is urgently needed. We present a novel, specialist XML tool-suite supporting the working historian in the transcription of original medieval charters into a machine-readable form, and we also address some latest developments which can be found in the field, since the publication of [VBG, 07]. © J.UCS.	Digitalization and preparation of medieval documents for the semantic web; History-informatics; Tool-support; XML tagging	None	None
WoS	WOS:000322310400001	Protocol for the evaluation of a pay for performance programme in Pwani region in Tanzania: A controlled before and after study	Abdulla, Salim,Binyaruka, Peter,Borghi, Josephine,Maestad, Ottar,Mamdani, Masuma,Mashasi, Irene,Mayumana, Iddy,Njau, Ikunda,Patouillard, Edith	2013	IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE	8	None	10.1186/1748-5908-8-80	University of London, Ifakara Hlth Inst	None	Background: The use of supply-side incentives to increase health service utilisation and enhance service quality is gaining momentum in many low- and middle-income countries. However, there is a paucity of evidence on the impact of such schemes, their cost-effectiveness, and the process of implementation and potential unintended consequences in these settings. A pay for performance (P4P) programme was introduced in Pwani region of Tanzania in 2011. Methods/design: An evaluation of the programme will be carried out to inform a potential national rollout. A controlled before and after study will examine the effect of the P4P programme on quality, coverage, and cost of targeted maternal and newborn healthcare services and selected non-targeted services at facilities in Tanzania. Data will be collected from a survey of 75 facilities, 750 patients exiting consultations, over 75 health workers, and 1,500 households of women who delivered in the previous year, in all seven intervention districts. Data will be collected from the same number of respondents in four control districts. A process evaluation will examine: whether the P4P programme was implemented as planned; stakeholder response to the programme and its acceptability; and implementation bottlenecks and facilitating factors. Three rounds of process data collection will be conducted including a review of available P4P documents, individual interviews and focus group discussions with key informants working at facility and district level in five of the intervention districts, and at the regional and national levels. An economic evaluation will measure the cost-effectiveness of P4P relative to current practice from a societal perspective. Discussion: This evaluation will contribute robust evidence on the impact and cost-effectiveness of P4P in a low income setting, as well as generate a better understanding of the feasibility of integrating complex intervention packages like P4P within health systems in resource poor settings.	"ECONOMIC EVALUATION","impact evaluation","pay for performance","process evaluation",PROTOCOL,Tanzania,"CHILD HEALTH",COUNTRIES,DISTRICT,HEALTH-CARE,PAYMENT,QUALITY,REFORM,RWANDA,SYSTEM	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84905003469	Improving schools through evaluation: The experience of Catholic schools in South Africa	Potterton M., Northmore C.	2014	International Studies in Catholic Education	6	2	10.1080/19422539.2014.929806	Holy Family College Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa; University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Sacred Heart College, Observatory, Johannesburg, South Africa	Potterton, M., Holy Family College Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Northmore, C., University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, Sacred Heart College, Observatory, Johannesburg, South Africa	This article addresses the development of quality assurance approaches in South Africa, with particular reference to Catholic schools. It also addresses questions of why whole school evaluation in general has failed to play any meaningful role in improving the quality of schools in South Africa. Reference is also made to specific school cases. The article considers the role of both pressure and support in the education system and ends with some recommendations on how to ensure that school evaluation impacts on school improvement. Catholic education authorities are asked to take note. © 2014 Taylor & Francis.	Catholic ethos; Catholic schools; school evaluation; school evaluation instruments; school improvement; school inspection	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78049515996	Positioning a research agenda on the social economy: The new capitalist expansion and its impact on worker conditions in a changing South African agricultural setting	Swart I., Orsmond E.	2010	International Journal of Social Economics	37	12	10.1108/03068291011082991	Huguenot College, University of Stellenbosch, Wellington, South Africa	Swart, I., Huguenot College, University of Stellenbosch, Wellington, South Africa; Orsmond, E., Huguenot College, University of Stellenbosch, Wellington, South Africa	Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore the theoretical and ideological foundations for a research agenda on the social economy in South Africa. Design/methodology/approach: The paper combines relevant literature research and case study work in a selected geographical region in the Western Cape province of South Africa to meet its research aim. Findings: The perspectives emanating from the case study research on the nature of the diversified forms of new capitalist expansion and entrepreneurial activity in the case study area and particularly the way in which the new developments impact on the working conditions of farm workers lead to the consolidation of the authors' option for a constructive research agenda in which the realities of new-found economic opportunity and prevailing conditions of exclusion are both negotiated. Research limitations/implications: From the point of view of an ongoing research agenda, further empirical and literature research will be required to deepen the understanding of the socio-economic dynamics in the case study area and in the process further refine the identified theoretical and ideological position. Originality/value: The paper contributes towards defining the theoretical and ideological foundations of a research agenda on the social economy in South Africa. As such, the way in which binary positions are avoided in positioning this research agenda in relation to the mainstream capitalist economic system can be considered as provocative. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Agriculture; Conditions of employment; Entrepreneurialism; Farms; Social economics; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947901818	Perceptions on climate change and its impact on livelihoods in Hwange district, Zimbabwe	Nhemachena C., Mano R., Mudombi S., Muwanigwa V.	2015	Jamba: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies	6	1	10.4102/jamba.v6i1.123	Human Sciences Research Council, 134 Pretorius St, Pretoria, South Africa; Humanitarian Information Facilitation Centre, Harare, Zimbabwe; Institute for Economic Research on Innovation, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa	Nhemachena, C., Human Sciences Research Council, 134 Pretorius St, Pretoria, South Africa; Mano, R., Humanitarian Information Facilitation Centre, Harare, Zimbabwe; Mudombi, S., Institute for Economic Research on Innovation, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa; Muwanigwa, V., Humanitarian Information Facilitation Centre, Harare, Zimbabwe	This study investigated perceptions of rural communities on climate change and its impacts on livelihoods. The research was conducted in the semi-arid Hwange district in Matebeleland North province of Zimbabwe. The perceptions were compared with empirical evidence from climatic studies on trends on temperature and rainfall, and impacts on livelihoods in the country and region. The findings from the current study are generally in agreement with those of other studies that indicate changes in the climate, especially in terms of rainfall. This largely applies to short-term periods; however, for long-term periods it is difficult to accurately relate rural community perceptions to changes in rainfall over time. Despite perceived changes and impacts of climate change on local livelihood activities, mainly agriculture, there are multiple stressors that the communities face which also affect their livelihoods. Further evidence-based research is required to disentangle climate change impacts on livelihoods, including livelihood impacts arising from interactions of climate and non-climatic factors. © 2014. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903198016	Evaluation of the effectiveness of protection orders for female victims of intimate partner violence in vhembe district of South Africa	Peltzer K., Pengpid S., McFarlane J., Banyini M.	2013	Journal of Psychology in Africa	23	3	10.1080/14330237.2013.10820656	Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa; University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, South Africa; ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, 25/25 Phutthamonthon Sai 4, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand; Texas Woman's University, United States; University of Venda, South Africa	Peltzer, K., Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, South Africa, ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, 25/25 Phutthamonthon Sai 4, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand; Pengpid, S., University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, South Africa, ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, 25/25 Phutthamonthon Sai 4, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand; McFarlane, J., Texas Woman's University, United States; Banyini, M., University of Venda, South Africa	The aim of this study was to assess the value of protection orders in reducing intimate partner violence against women in the Vhemba district of South Africa. In a one-group pre-post test study design 118 women who had received a protection order were assessed with measures of intimate partner violence immediately after receiving the protection order and six months later. The results show that the levels of violence decreased significantly from time 1 to time 2. This result suggests that a protection order may have value in reducing intimate partner violence experienced by women in South Africa. Copyright © 2013 Journal of Psychology in Africa.	Intimate partner violence; Protection order; South Africa; Women	None	None
WoS	WOS:000267176400007	Challenges in implementing a participatory evaluation approach: A case study of the Limpopo Literacy Teaching Evaluation Project	Makgamatha, Matthews Matome	2009	EDUCATION AS CHANGE	13	1	10.1080/16823200902940730	Human Sciences Research Council-South Africa	None	The Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), in collaboration with the University of Limpopo, was commissioned by the Limpopo Department of Education (LDoE) in South Africa to evaluate literacy teaching materials and practices in Limpopo primary schools. The research followed a participatory evaluation approach involving key education stakeholders in the province. The article examines the formation of the Research Reference Group (RRG) as a mechanism through which stakeholders were enabled to participate in the evaluation. It reviews the challenges encountered during the process of establishing the RRG and how they were addressed by the evaluation team. These challenges included conflicts of interest among stakeholders; determining the size of the RRG and the number of stakeholder representatives, and the knowledge imbalance between the evaluation team and the stakeholder representatives. It also highlights lessons learnt from the Limpopo literacy evaluation case study.	"EVALUATION TEAM",LITERACY,"participatory evaluation",stakeholder	None	None
WoS	WOS:000267176400006	Enhancing teacher assessment practices in South African schools: Evaluation of the assessment resource banks	Kanjee, Anil	2009	EDUCATION AS CHANGE	13	1	10.1080/16823200902940599	Human Sciences Research Council-South Africa	None	The effective use of assessment by teachers can have a significant impact on improving learning. However, teachers require adequate support and appropriate resources to enhance their classroom assessment practices. This article reports on the results of a study which evaluated the effectiveness of Assessment Resource Banks (ARBs) for supporting teachers in rural primary schools to improve their classroom assessment practices. These ARBs are teacher booklets that comprise sets of Literacy and Numeracy tasks for use in assessing learner performance against the national Assessment Standards. The ARBs were piloted in 450 rural schools across four provinces. Data for the evaluation was obtained from classroom observations and interviews conducted in a sample of pilot schools and teacher and principal surveys administered in all pilot schools. The results of the evaluation indicate that providing teachers with relevant assessment resources can improve their classroom assessment practice. Most teachers reported that they found the ARBs to be extremely useful for conducting classroom assessments, and used them on a regular basis. In addition, the ARBs also provided a valuable resource for the planning and presentation of lessons as well as for assigning class work and homework exercises. The article concludes by highlighting future development and research needs in the deployment of ARBs in South African schools.	"assessment resource banks","classroom assessment","teacher assessment"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000208053300005	Evaluate experiences: a qualitative technique to complement quantitative impact assessments	Carter, Jonathan	2009	JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT EFFECTIVENESS	1	1	10.1080/19439340902727628	Human Sciences Research Council-South Africa	None	Impact evaluations, whether of aid, development interventions or policy interventions, help hold donors and policy makers accountable for promises made and provide a means to legitimise recommendations for future interventions. Quantitative approaches are the order of the day but do not fully capture the complex and nuanced characteristics of communities important to understand the full effects of interventions and/or identify required interventions. This article describes a cost-effective approach to capturing large volumes of qualitative data in anecdotal form that can help inform interventions and approaches to research. Data collected by using the technique in a poor, urban, mixed race settlement in South Africa are reviewed and used to provide recommendations on research in poverty. For reasons consistent with the theoretical framework explained, recommendations are limited to three: consider carefully intergenerational dynamics when researching poor areas; be responsible about differences in value scales; and be conscious of how differently the researched see the world. A discussion using the method in mixed methods research is provided.	"anecdote circles",COST-EFFECTIVE,"IMPACT ASSESSMENT","QUALITATIVE EVALUATION",AFRICA,DYNAMICS	None	None
WoS	WOS:000263568900008	An evaluation of a brief motivational interviewing training course for HIV/AIDS counsellors in Western Cape Province, South Africa	Engelbrecht, Sarah-Kate,Evangeli, Michael,Forsberg, Lisa,Soka, Nosiphiwo,Swartz, Leslie,Turner, Karen	2009	AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV	21	2	10.1080/09540120802002471	Human Sciences Research Council-South Africa, Karolinska Institutet, Stellenbosch University, University of Cape Town, Independent Educ Consultant	"Forsberg, Lisa: Karolinska Institutet","Soka, Nosiphiwo: University of Cape Town",	HIV/AIDS counselling in South Africa covers a range of areas of prevention and treatment with a commonly used model of lay counsellors trained by non-governmental organisations and working alongside professionals in public health settings. This study presents a single group evaluation of a six-session (12-hour) course of Motivational Interviewing (MI) delivered to 17 HIV/AIDS lay counsellors working in peri-urban settings in Western Cape Province, South Africa. Counsellors reported that they used MI techniques both at the start and at the end of the training. In addition, they reported confidence in their ability to influence their clients' motivation at both time points. The results from the ratings of role play performance showed that there was a marked change in emphasis over the group of counsellors from MI non-adherent practice before training (with advice giving, directiveness, control and confrontation) to more MI adherent practice (asking permission before giving advice, emphasising client autonomy, affirming the client and stressing the client's responsibility to change) at the end of the training. Only a small proportion of the counsellors reached the level of beginning proficiency (according to the Motivational Interviewing Treatment Integrity code) on the measure of the ratio of MI adherent to non-adherent responses. The ratio of reflections to questions and the percentage of open questions also showed improvements in performance across the group but generally to levels below that suggesting beginning proficiency in MI. There was no evidence of any change on global therapist ratings (of empathy and the spirit of MI, i.e. collaboration, evocation and autonomy support) or the percentage of complex reflections across the group of counsellors. Possible explanations for the results and public health implications are discussed.	AIDS,HIV,"motivational interviewing","SOUTH AFRICA",TRAINING,ADHERENCE,"ASSESSING COMPETENCE",CLINICIAN,CONTROLLED-TRIAL,INTERVENTION,THERAPY	None	None
WoS	WOS:000324028800003	Impact of counselling on exclusive breast-feeding practices in a poor urban setting in Kenya: a randomized controlled trial	Labadarios, Demetre,Nduati, Ruth W.,Ochola, Sophie A.	2013	PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION	16	10	10.1017/S1368980012004405	Human Sciences Research Council-South Africa, Kenyatta University, Stellenbosch University, University of Nairobi	"Labadarios, Demetre: Human Sciences Research Council-South Africa","Nduati, Ruth W.: University of Nairobi",	Objective: To determine the impact of facility-based semi-intensive and home-based intensive counselling in improving exclusive breast-feeding (EBF) in a low-resource urban setting in Kenya. Design: A cluster randomized controlled trial in which nine villages were assigned on a 1:1:1 ratio, by computer, to two intervention groups and a control group. The home-based intensive counselling group (HBICG) received seven counselling sessions at home by trained peers, one prenatally and six postnatally. The facility-based semi-intensive counselling group (FBSICG) received only one counselling session prenatally. The control group (CG) received no counselling from the research team. Information on infant feeding practices was collected monthly for 6 months after delivery. The data-gathering team was blinded to the intervention allocation. The outcome was EBF prevalence at 6 months. Setting: Kibera slum, Nairobi. Subjects: A total of 360 HIV-negative women, 34-36 weeks pregnant, were selected from an antenatal clinic in Kibera; 120 per study group. Results: Of the 360 women enrolled, 265 completed the study and were included in the analysis (CG n 89; FBSICG n 87; HBICG n 89). Analysis was by intention to treat. The prevalence of EBF at 6 months was 23.6% in HBICG, 9.2% in FBSICG and 5.6% in CG. HBICG mothers had four times increased likelihood to practise EBF compared with those in the CG (adjusted relative risk = 4.01; 95% CI 2.30, 7.01; P = 0.001). There was no significant difference between EBF rates in FBSICG and CG. Conclusions: EBF can be promoted in low socio-economic conditions using home-based intensive counselling. One session of facility-based counselling is not sufficient to sustain EBF.	"Breast-feeding counselling","BREAST-FEEDING PROMOTION","EXCLUSIVE BREAST-FEEDING",KENYA,"RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL",AFRICA,AREA,"CHILD UNDERNUTRITION",COMMUNITY,EFFICACY,"HIGH HIV PREVALENCE"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000257576500004	Evaluation of a safer male circumcision training programme for traditional surgeons and nurses in the Eastern Cape, South Africa	Kanta, Xola,Nqeketo, Ayanda,Peltzer, Karl,Petros, George	2008	AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES	5	4	None	Human Sciences Research Council-South Africa, University of the Free State, Impilo Ya Bantu Hlth	None	Training designed to improve circumcision knowledge, attitude and practice was delivered over 5 days to 34 traditional surgeons and 49 traditional nurses in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Training included the following topics: initiation rites; statutory regulation of traditional male circumcision and initiation into Manhood (TCIM); structure and function of the male sex organs; procedure of safe circumcision, infection control; sexually transmitted infections (STIs); HIV/AIDS; infection control measures; aftercare of the initiate including after care of the circumcision wound and initiate as a whole; detection and early management of common complications of circumcision; nutrition and fluid management; code of conduct and ethics; and sexual health education. The evaluation of the training consisted of a prospective assessment of knowledge and attitude immediately prior to and after training. Significant improvement in knowledge and/or attitudes was observed in legal aspects, STI, HIV and environmental aspects, attitudes in terms of improved collaboration with biomedical health care providers, normal and abnormal anatomy and physiology, sexually transmitted infections and including HIV, circumcision practice and aftercare of initiates. We concluded that safer circumcision training can be successfully delivered to traditional surgeons and nurses.	ATTITUDES,"EASTERN CAPE",evaluation,KNOWLEDGE,"safer male circumcision","SOUTH AFRICA","traditional nurses","traditional surgeons","training programme",HEALERS	None	None
WoS	WOS:000273205500010	EVALUATION OF A SAFER MALE CIRCUMCISION TRAINING PROGRAMME FOR NDEBELE TRADITIONAL SURGEONS AND NURSES IN GAUTENG, SOUTH AFRICA: USING DIRECT OBSERVATION OF CIRCUMCISION PROCEDURES	Banyini, Mercy,Kanta, Xola,Peltzer, Karl	2010	AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES	7	2	None	Human Sciences Research Council-South Africa, University of the Free State, Impilo Ya Bantu Hlth	"Banyini, Mercy: Human Sciences Research Council-South Africa",	The aim of this study was to assess the safety of traditional male circumcision practices among Ndebele traditional surgeons following a five days training by direct observation of circumcision procedures. The sample included eight Ndebele traditional surgeons and traditional nurses and 86 initiates (abakhwetwa) from two districts in Gauteng province in South Africa. A structured observations tool was administered by a trained research doctor during circumcisions and (wound) care of the initiates of the trained traditional surgeons. Results indicate that from the observations of 86 traditional male circumcisions a high number (37%) of adverse events were recorded (excessive bleeding, excessive skin removed and damage to the penis) and in six cases the use of one instrument for the circumcision was observed. Before scaling up and/or considering integration traditional male circumcision services into medical male circumcision services in South Africa, a careful strategy to minimize unnecessary morbidity, and fundamental improvements on current traditional male circumcision techniques, are required. In addition, legislation and control of traditional male circumcision in Gauteng province, where the study took place, are recommended to make traditional male circumcision safer and to prevent adverse events to happen.	,"EASTERN CAPE",HIV	None	None
WoS	WOS:000298367300034	An Evaluation of the Clinical Assessments of Under-Five Febrile Children Presenting to Primary Health Facilities in Rural Ghana	Amenga-Etego, Seeba,Baiden, Frank,Bawah, Justina,Bruce, Jane,Chandramohan, Daniel,Delmini, Rupert,Gyaase, Stephaney,Owusu-Agyei, Seth,Tivura, Mathilda,Webster, Jayne	2011	PLOS ONE	6	12	10.1371/journal.pone.0028944	University of London, Kintampo Hlth Res Ctr	"Bruce, Jane: University of London","Chandramohan, Daniel: University of London","Webster, Jayne: University of London",	Background: The shift to test-based management of malaria represents an important departure from established practice under the Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI). The possibility of false results of tests for malaria and co-morbidity, however, make it important that guidelines in IMCI case assessment are still followed. Methods and Findings: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study to evaluate current practices in IMCI-based assessment of febrile children in 10 health centres and 5 district hospitals, with follow up of a subset of children to determine day 7-10 post-treatment clinical outcome. Clinical consultation, examination and prescribing practices were recorded using a checklist by trained non-medical observers. The facility case management of 1,983 under-five years old febrile children was observed and 593 followed up at home on days 5-10. The mean number of tasks performed from the 11 tasks expected to be done by the IMCI guidelines was 6 (SD 1.6). More than 6 tasks were performed in only 35% of children and this varied substantially between health facilities (range 3-85%). All 11 tasks were performed in only 1% of children. The most commonly performed tasks were temperature measurement (91%) and weighing (88%). Respiratory rate was checked in only 4% of children presenting with cough or difficulty in breathing. The likelihood of performing "better than average number of tasks" (&gt; 6) was higher when the consultation was done by medical assistants than doctors (O.R. = 3.16, 1.02-9.20). The number of tasks performed during assessment did not, however, influence clinical outcome (O.R. = 1.02, 0.83-1.24). Conclusion: Facility-tailored interventions are needed to improve adherence to IMCI guidelines incorporating test-based management of malaria. Studies are needed to re-evaluate the continued validity of tasks defined in IMCI case assessment guidelines.	,"AFRICAN CHILDREN","CHILDHOOD ILLNESS IMCI",DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES,"INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT",MALARIA,PNEUMONIA,QUALITY,SETTINGS,TANZANIA,WORKERS	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904805226	English and the academy for african skilled migrants: The impact of english as an 'Academic Lingua Franca'	Hurst E.	2014	International Perspectives on Higher Education Research	11	None	10.1108/S1479-362820140000011015	Humanities Education Development Unit, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa	Hurst, E., Humanities Education Development Unit, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa	This chapter analyses interviews with 13 African scholars from a range of countries who are currently working at a South African university. The interviews explore aspects of their migration journeys and the role that language, particularly the English language, has played in their mobility. The majority of the participants originate from Englishspeaking African countries, and are fluent English speakers. English is currently the international language of the academy, and English fluency can almost be seen as a prerequisite for an international academic career. The driving question behind this research is what have these African highly skilled academic migrants gained and lost from English in terms of their mobility, careers and identities? The participants show complex orientations towards the medium. On the one hand, English is recognised as an enabling medium for international success in academia, and for career and educational opportunities aboard. On the other hand, participants perceive that the emphasis on the English medium has negative effects on their relationships with their home languages and their home countries. The research raises questions about the role of English in higher education in Africa. © 2014 by Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884281777	Collective management on communal grazing lands: Its impact on vegetation attributes and soil erosion in the upper Blue Nile basin, northwestern Ethiopia	Alemayehu M., Amede T., Böhme M., Peters K.J.	2013	Livestock Science	157	1	10.1016/j.livsci.2013.06.024	Humboldt University of Berlin, Philippstr. 13, House 9, 10115 Berlin, Germany; Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), P.O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; International Livestock Research Institute/International Water Management Institute (ILRI /IWMI), P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Humboldt University of Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany	Alemayehu, M., Humboldt University of Berlin, Philippstr. 13, House 9, 10115 Berlin, Germany, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), P.O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Amede, T., International Livestock Research Institute/International Water Management Institute (ILRI /IWMI), P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Böhme, M., Humboldt University of Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany; Peters, K.J., Humboldt University of Berlin, Philippstr. 13, House 9, 10115 Berlin, Germany	Collective action, on communal grazing land, has evolved in the highlands of northwestern Ethiopia to mitigate the problems of feed shortage and land degradation due to overgrazing. The exercise is liked by farmers for improving the availability of natural pasture during the long dry season when other feed sources get depleted. However, large portions of the communal grazing lands are still managed under free grazing throughout the year. This study was undertaken in Maynet village in the upper Blue Nile basin, northwestern Ethiopia, to assess the impacts of three different types of grazing land management (GLM) and two slope gradients (&lt;10%; 15-25%) on aboveground herbaceous biomass yield, ground cover, species richness, runoff, soil loss and soil bulk density of grazing lands. The GLMs include (a) freely open communal GLM, (b) restricted communal GLM - collective management of communal grazing land locally named as 'yebere sar' and (c) private holding GLM. Stocking density was more than carrying capacity of grazing lands across all GLMs. However, the extent of overstocking problem was exceptionally severe in freely open communal GLM. The interaction between GLM and slope was significant (P&lt;0.05) for runoff, soil loss and runoff coefficient. The average runoff coefficient was close to 50% in freely open communal GLM on steeper slopes (15-25%). Freely open communal GLM on steeper slopes resulted in consistently highest cumulative runoff and soil loss amounting to 491mm and 32t/ha per year, respectively. Polynomial regression analysis showed that quadratic relationship (r2=0.87) existed between soil loss and runoff. But, soil loss was close to nil when runoff did not exceed 2mm per rainfall event. As expected, restricted communal GLM appeared to reduce surface runoff by more than 40% and curb the rate of soil erosion by more than 50% compared to freely open communal GLM. Its vegetation cover persisted above 70% throughout the year, meeting the threshold level recommended to keep surface runoff and soil loss to minimum. Reducing the problem of overstocking and pasture resting in August-November are important components to improve ground cover and aboveground herbaceous biomass yield, which in turn reduce land degradation on grazing lands. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.	Grazing land management; Ground cover; Land degradation; Overstocking; Resting pasture	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84906500896	Evaluation of tomato varieties for fruit yield and yield components in western lowland of Tigray, northern Ethiopia	Chernet S., Zibelo H.	2014	International Journal of Agricultural Research	9	5	10.3923/ijar.2014.259.264	Humera Agricultural Research Center, Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 62, Humera, Ethiopia	Chernet, S., Humera Agricultural Research Center, Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 62, Humera, Ethiopia; Zibelo, H., Humera Agricultural Research Center, Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 62, Humera, Ethiopia	The objective of the study was to evaluate nationally released tomato varieties for fruit yield and yield components in western Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Nine tomato varieties collected from Melkassa Agricultural Research Center were evaluated in randomized complete block design in three replications. The study was conducted in Humera Agricultural Research Center experimental site during 2012 under irrigation condition. Tukey's test and Pearson correlation were used to compare treatment means and estimate association of characters. All the traits except number of flowers per plant and number of fruit per plant showed highly significant (p&lt;0.001) difference among the varieties. Melkasalsa scored the highest number of fruits per plant (100), highest fruit yield per plant (2.491 kg) and marketable fruit yield (56.07 t ha-1) while, the minimum (17.89 t ha-1) marketable fruit yield was recorded from Bishola variety. Correlation studies showed that fruit yield per hectare had a very highly significant positive correlation with fruit yield per plant (r = 0.903), number of fruits per plant (r = 0.807), number of fruit clusters per plant (r = 0.850) and shape index (r = 0.501) indicated selection based on trait improve fruit yield per hectare. While, it showed significant negative correlation with fruit equatorial diameter (r = -0.478). © 2014 Academic Journals Inc.	Pearson correlation; Tomato; Tukey's test; Variety	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867313610	Dietary supplementation with recombinant lactoferrampin-lactoferricin improves growth performance and affects serum parameters in piglets	Tang X., Fatufe A.A., Yin Y., Tang Z., Wang S., Liu Z., Xinwu, Li T.-J.	2012	Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances	11	14	10.3923/javaa.2012.2548-2555	Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 Hunan, China; Graduate School of Chin	Tang, X., Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 Hunan, China, Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China; Fatufe, A.A., Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 Hunan, China, Department of Animal Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Yin, Y., Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 Hunan, China; Tang, Z., College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, China; Wang, S., Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 Hunan, China; Liu, Z., Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 Hunan, China, Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China; Xinwu, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 Hunan, China; Li, T.-J., Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 Hunan, China	Up to thirty piglets with an average live body weight of 5.9±0.5 kg were challenged using enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and randomly assigned to three treatment groups fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet containing either no addition (control group), 0.1 g kg -1 of lactoferrampin-lactoferricin (lactoferrampin-lactofemcin group) or 0.1 g kg -1 of chlortetracyclme (chlortetracycline group) for 21 days. Compared with the control group, dietary supplementation with lactoferrampin-lactoferricin or chlortetracycline increased the body weight and daily weight gain and decreased the feed to gain ratio, diarrhea rate and serum IgM and lgG levels (p&lt;0.05). The serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, diamine oxidase and endothelin-1 were not significantly different among all treatment groups (p&gt;0.05). Compared with the control group, dietary supplementation with lactoferrampin-lactoferricin changed the serum concentrations of 10 amino acids (p&lt;0.05); dietary supplementation with chlortetracycline only changed the serum histidine concentration (p&lt;0.05). These results indicate that lactoferrampin-lactoferricin and chlortetracycline have similar effects on piglets weaned at 21 days of age which is expected to have practical applications in the livestock industry. © Medwell Journals, 2012.	Antimicrobial peptide; Bovine lactoferrampin-lactoferricin; China; Growth performance; Piglet	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78851470158	Towards a performance-oriented management for large- scale irrigation systems: Case study, Rahad scheme, Sudan	Hamid S.H., Mohamed A.A., Mohamed Y.A.	2011	Irrigation and Drainage	60	1	10.1002/ird.546	Hydraulic Research Station, Wad Medani, Sudan; Institute of Water Management and Irrigation, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan; International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; UNESCO-IHE, Delft, Netherlands	Hamid, S.H., Hydraulic Research Station, Wad Medani, Sudan; Mohamed, A.A., Institute of Water Management and Irrigation, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan; Mohamed, Y.A., International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, UNESCO-IHE, Delft, Netherlands	The underperformance problem of large-scale irrigation systems particularly in developing countries, has adversely affected levels of production of those systems. The fact that these irrigation systems are not managed in response to their performance has been identified as the main reason behind their malfunctioning. A performance-oriented management approach is demonstrated here to help irrigation system managers take the right decisions, through continuous in-season performance assessment. The Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer satellite images of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA-AVHRR) for the year 2000, complemented by water release data, were used to assess the performance of the Rahad irrigation scheme, Sudan (126 000ha), on a 10-day time step. The Surface Energy Balance Algorithm (SEBAL) was used to process the NOAA-AVHRR images. The decisions on irrigation water allocation are guided by maps of the relative water supply and soil moisture content generated for the last time step. Further decision support could be realized using the performance indicators of the system and the soil water balance for the given time step. A semiautomatic computer program was developed which can be easily used by field staff to support their management decisions. It is anticipated that the application of such an approach will improve the performance of large-scale irrigation systems, and support development of a performance-oriented management culture among the staff of these irrigation systems. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.	Irrigation systems management; Performance; Remote sensing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84861165126	Impact of industrial effluent on water quality and gill pathology of clarias gariepinus from Alaro Stream, Ibadan, Southwest, Nigeria	Adeogun A.O.	2012	European Journal of Scientific Research	76	1	None	Hydrobiology and Fisheries Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Adeogun, A.O., Hydrobiology and Fisheries Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	The responses of a freshwater fish to variations in water quality were evaluated using gill histopathology and condition factor of Clarias gariepinus from Alaro stream. Alaro stream receives industrial effluent as a point source and water quality parameters (pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, Electrical conductivity (EC), Alkalinity, Biochemical Oxygen demand (BOD) and Total dissolved solids (TDS)) and metals (Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd) and Iron (Fe)) were analysed from nine sampling sites (upstream, effluent discharge point and downstream) using standard methods. The average values of all physico-chemical parameters (except pH and DO) and metals were considerably higher downstream than upstream while effluent discharge point showed the highest values for all sampling sites. The lowest values for pH and DO were also recorded at effluent discharge point and concentrations of Fe downstream exceeded acceptable limits for surface waters. Gill histopathological lesions observed in fish downstream included severe necrosis, oedema, erosion of gill villi, matting of gill filaments with focal areas of haemorrhage. Significant (p<0.05) decreases in body weight and condition factor (CF) were recorded for fish downstream of effluent discharge point compared to fish upstream. Fish displayed impaired health (poor CF) attributed to changes in water quality due to industrial wastewater discharge. This resulted in irreversible compensatory responses of the gill tissue as evidenced in altered histopathology of the gills. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2012.	Alaro stream; Clarias gariepinus; Condition factor; Gill pathology; Water quality	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924807774	The Effects of Cathode Parameters on the Performance of Poly(2,5-Benzimidazole)-Based Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell	Maiyalagan T., Pasupathi S., Pollet B.G.	2015	Electrocatalysis	6	2	10.1007/s12678-014-0228-8	HySA Systems Competence Centre, South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Modderdam Road, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa	Maiyalagan, T., HySA Systems Competence Centre, South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Modderdam Road, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa; Pasupathi, S., HySA Systems Competence Centre, South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Modderdam Road, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa; Pollet, B.G., HySA Systems Competence Centre, South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Modderdam Road, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa	The effects of electrode parameters on membrane electrode assembly performance including Pt loading, hydrophobicity during heat treatment, catalyst layer thickness and the amount of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in the cathode are investigated. The fuel cell performance is maximized via catalyst utilization by optimizing the phosphoric acid content in the electrodes. Heat treatment of gas diffusion electrode results in an increase in hydrophobicity and a decrease in phosphoric acid content in the catalyst layer, which drastically affects the fuel cell performance. In our conditions, a maximum fuel cell performance of 270 mW cm−2 was achieved at 160 °C with air using 1 mg Pt cm−2 total catalyst loading (20 % PTFE). The fuel cell performance and the poisoning effect of carbon monoxide in poly(2,5-benzimidazole) (ABPBI)-membrane-based high-temperature membrane electrode assemblies were investigated with respect to carbon monoxide concentrations. Fuel cell performance of Pt alloys (Pt-Cu/C, Pt-Fe/C, Pt-Ni/C) is compared with that of Pt/C at temperatures between 140 and 180 °C. It was observed that Pt-Cu/C alloy catalysts exhibit higher performance with lower catalyst loadings (0.4 mg Pt cm−2) than Pt/C catalyst. The performance of alloy catalysts follows the order of Pt-Cu/C &gt; Pt-Fe/C &gt; Pt-Ni/C &gt; Pt/C. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media New York.	ABPBI; Electrode performance; Gas diffusion electrode; HT-PEMFCs; Membrane electrode assembly; Phosphoric acid; Pt alloy catalysts	None	KP1-S01, DST, Department of Science and Technology, Republic of South Africa
Scopus	2-s2.0-84905178458	High-Performance and Durable Membrane Electrode Assemblies for High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells	Su H., Felix C., Barron O., Bujlo P., Bladergroen B.J., Pollet B.G., Pasupathi S.	2014	Electrocatalysis	5	4	10.1007/s12678-014-0202-5	HySA Systems Competence Centre, South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa	Su, H., HySA Systems Competence Centre, South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa; Felix, C., HySA Systems Competence Centre, South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa; Barron, O., HySA Systems Competence Centre, South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa; Bujlo, P., HySA Systems Competence Centre, South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa; Bladergroen, B.J., HySA Systems Competence Centre, South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa; Pollet, B.G., HySA Systems Competence Centre, South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa; Pasupathi, S., HySA Systems Competence Centre, South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa	Membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) with gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) fabricated by various catalyst layer (CL) deposit technologies were investigated for the application of high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC). The physical properties of the GDEs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and pore size distribution. The electrochemical properties were evaluated and analyzed by polarization curve, Tafel equation, electrochemistry impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The results showed that the electrodes prepared by ultrasonic spraying and automatic catalyst spraying under irradiation (ACSUI) methods have superior CL structure and high electrochemistry activity, resulting in high fuel cell performances. Durability tests revealed the feasibility of the electrodes for long-term HT-PEMFC operation. © 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York.	Catalyst layer; Gas diffusion electrode; High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell; Membrane electrode assembly; Polybenzimidazole	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84925125198	Impact of organisational justice on work outcomes in the pharmaceutical industry in Kuwait	Mohamed I., Yeo R.K.	2014	International Journal of Human Resources Development and Management	14	42372	10.1504/IJHRDM.2014.068083	Ianndryan Healthcare Inc., 81-2435 Greenwich Drive, Oakville, Canada; University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Saudi Aramco, P.O. Box 12979, Dhahran, South Africa	Mohamed, I., Ianndryan Healthcare Inc., 81-2435 Greenwich Drive, Oakville, Canada; Yeo, R.K., University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, Australia, Saudi Aramco, P.O. Box 12979, Dhahran, South Africa	This paper investigates the impact of organisational justice on work outcomes based on the moderation of trust and mediation of social exchange. A survey was conducted in the Kuwait pharmaceutical industry receiving 324 responses. Through multiple regression analyses, findings indicate that the perception of social exchange and organisational justice was influenced by the negative moderation of trust. Commitment to organisation, workplace aggression control and employee engagement were found to have a significant inverse relationship with intention to quit, while organisational citizenship behaviour, job satisfaction and commitment to supervisor demonstrated a direct positive relationship with intention to quit. The study extends the theoretical concepts of justice by illuminating the importance of context arising from culture, workforce diversity and industry competitiveness. Particularly, trust and social exchange are interrelated to offer a different perspective to the understanding of organisational justice and work outcomes. The paper outlines some implications for human resource management. Copyright © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Behaviour; Intention to quit; ITQ; Kuwait; Organisational justice; Pharmaceutical industry; Social exchange; Trust	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904301126	Performance comparison of data mining techniques for predicting earthquakes survivability	Lakshmi K.R., Nagesh Y., Veera Krishna M.	2014	International Journal of Applied Engineering Research	9	17	None	IERDS, Maddur Nagar, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India; Dept. of Computer Science, Assosa University, Ethiopia; Dept of Mathematics, Rayalaseema University, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India	Lakshmi, K.R., IERDS, Maddur Nagar, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India; Nagesh, Y., Dept. of Computer Science, Assosa University, Ethiopia; Veera Krishna, M., Dept of Mathematics, Rayalaseema University, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India	Nowadays, much effort is being devoted to develop techniques that forecast natural disasters in order to take precautionary measures. A natural disaster is the effect of a natural hazard (e.g., flood, tornado, hurricane, volcanic eruption, earthquake, heat wave, or landslide). Earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis and volcano's are complex physical phenomenon that leads to financial, environmental or human losses. Prediction of such geological disasters is the need of the day. Also, prediction of these disasters is a complex process that depends on many physical and environmental parameters. Many approaches exist in the literature based on scientific and statistical analysis. Data mining techniques can also be used for prediction of these natural hazards. The main data mining techniques used for earthquake prediction are logistic models, neural networks, the Bayesian belief network, and decision trees, all of which provide primary solutions to the problems inherent in the prediction of earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides and other micro seismic activities. This paper suggests the best Data Mining technique able to correctly and quickly estimate dangerousness of the running seismic event. Several thousand seismic recordings of Japanese earthquakes were analyzed and a model was obtained by means of ten data mining techniques, namely, Binomial distribution, Earlang distribution, Exponential smoothing, Poisson distribution, Same birthday paradox, Linear regression, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Decision tree (C5), M8 algorithm and MSc algorithm, which were tested just over the first recordings of seismic events in order to reduce the decision time and the test results were very satisfactory. © Research India Publications.	Artificial neural networks (ANN); Binomial distribution; Data mining techniques; Decision tree (C5); Earlang distribution; Earthquakes; Exponential smoothing; Linear regression; M8 algorithm and Msc algorithm; Poisson distribution; Same birthday paradox	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33646248611	Environmental impact of the Brazilian Agrarian Reform process from 1985 to 2001	Van De Steeg J.A., Sparovek G., Lima Ranieri S.B., Maule R.F., Cooper M., Neto D.D., Alves M.C.	2006	Scientia Agricola	63	2	None	ILRI, P.O. Box 30709, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; USP/ESALQ, Depto. de Solos e Nutrição de Plantas, C.P. 09, 13418-900 - Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; Entropix, R. Maria Manieiro 458, 13405-124 - Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; USP/ESALQ, Depto. de Produção Vegetal, Brazil; USP/ESALQ, Siesalq, Brazil	Van De Steeg, J.A., ILRI, P.O. Box 30709, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Sparovek, G., USP/ESALQ, Depto. de Solos e Nutrição de Plantas, C.P. 09, 13418-900 - Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; Lima Ranieri, S.B., USP/ESALQ, Depto. de Solos e Nutrição de Plantas, C.P. 09, 13418-900 - Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; Maule, R.F., Entropix, R. Maria Manieiro 458, 13405-124 - Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; Cooper, M., USP/ESALQ, Depto. de Solos e Nutrição de Plantas, C.P. 09, 13418-900 - Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; Neto, D.D., USP/ESALQ, Depto. de Produção Vegetal, Brazil; Alves, M.C., USP/ESALQ, Siesalq, Brazil	During the past 20 years, most settlements of the Brazilian Agrarian Reform (AR) have been established in or near better-preserved natural ecosystems, where environmental impact is likely to be negative and contribute to natural resources degradation. The objective of this work is providing a first, comprehensive insight of the impacts related to the environmental quality of these settlements, based on the primary survey of 4,340 AR settlements installed between 1985 and 2001. An index was calculated to integrate different aspects of environmental impacts in one single number. The index showed significant regional variation, with lower values (low environmental quality) for the North and Northeast of Brazil, intermediate values for the Central-west and Southeast, and high values for the South. Environmental impacts resulting from AR and settlement creation are slowly decreasing with time, but are still very high in absolute values. The lack of protection of riparian areas, cultivation of legal reserves, and deforestation, are the main concerns related to environmental impacts.	Brazil; Deforestation; Environmental index	None	None
None	None	Protocol for the evaluation of a free health insurance card scheme for poor pregnant women in Mbeya region in Tanzania: A controlled-before and after study	Borghi J., Ramsey K., Kuwawenaruwa A., Baraka J., Patouillard E., Bellows B., Binyaruka P., Manzi F.	2015	BMC Health Services Research	15	1	10.1186/s12913-015-0905-1	Ifakara Health Institute, Kiko Avenue, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, United Kingdom; Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States; Population Council, Nairobi, Kenya	Borghi, J., Ifakara Health Institute, Kiko Avenue, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, United Kingdom; Ramsey, K., Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States; Kuwawenaruwa, A., Ifakara Health Institute, Kiko Avenue, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Baraka, J., Ifakara Health Institute, Kiko Avenue, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Patouillard, E., Ifakara Health Institute, Kiko Avenue, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, United Kingdom; Bellows, B., Population Council, Nairobi, Kenya; Binyaruka, P., Ifakara Health Institute, Kiko Avenue, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Manzi, F., Ifakara Health Institute, Kiko Avenue, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Background: The use of demand-side financing mechanisms to increase health service utilisation among target groups and enhance service quality is gaining momentum in many low- and middle-income countries. However, there is limited evidence on the effects of such schemes on equity, financial protection, quality of care, and cost-effectiveness. A scheme providing free health insurance cards to poor pregnant women and their households was first introduced in two regions of Tanzania in 2011 and gradually expanded in 2012. Methods: A controlled before and after study will examine in one district the effect of the scheme on utilization, quality, and cost of healthcare services accessed by poor pregnant women and their households in Tanzania. Data will be collected 4 months before implementation of the scheme and 17 months after the start of implementation from a survey of 24 health facilities, 288 patients exiting consultations and 1500 households of women who delivered in the previous year in one intervention district (Mbarali). 288 observations of provider-client interactions will also be carried out. The same data will be collected from a comparison district in a nearby region. A process evaluation will ascertain how the scheme is implemented in practice and the level of implementation fidelity and potential moderators. The process evaluation will draw from impact evaluation data and from three rounds of data collection at the national, regional, district, facility and community levels. An economic evaluation will measure the cost-effectiveness of the scheme relative to current practice from a societal perspective. Discussion: This evaluation will generate evidence on the impact and cost-effectiveness of targeted health insurance for pregnant women in a low income setting, as well as building a better understanding of the implementation process and challenges for programs of this nature. © 2015 Borghi et al.	Demand-side financing; Economic evaluation; Health insurance; Impact evaluation; Maternal health; Poverty; Process evaluation	None	None
WoS	WOS:000294128100020	Evaluating Health Workers' Potential Resistance to New Interventions: A Role for Discrete Choice Experiments	Antwi, Gifti,Chandramohan, Daniel,Greenwood, Brian,Jones, Caroline,Lagarde, Mylene,Paintain, Lucy Smith,Tagbor, Harry,Webster, Jayne	2011	PLOS ONE	6	8	10.1371/journal.pone.0023588	University of London, KNUST, Kwame Nkrumah University Science & Technology	"Chandramohan, Daniel: University of London","Greenwood, Brian: University of London","Jones, Caroline: University of London","Lagarde, Mylene: University of London","Paintain, Lucy Smith: University of London","Webster, Jayne: University of London",	Background: The currently recommended approach for preventing malaria in pregnancy (MiP), intermittent preventive treatment with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP-IPT), has been questioned due to the spread of resistance to SP. Whilst trials are underway to test the efficacy of future alternative approaches, it is important to start exploring the feasibility of their implementation. Methods and Findings: This study uses a discrete choice experiment (DCE) method to assess the potential resistance of health workers to changing strategies for control of MiP. In Ashanti region in Ghana, 133 antenatal clinic health workers were presented with 16 choice sets of two alternative policy options, each consisting of a bundle of six attributes representing certain clinical guidelines for controlling MiP (type of approach and drug used), possible associated maternal and neo-natal outcomes, workload and financial incentives. The data were analysed using a random effects logit model. Overall, staff showed a preference for a curative approach with pregnant women tested for malaria parasites and treated only if positive, compared to a preventive approach (OR 1.6; p = 0.001). Increasing the incidence of low birth weight or severe anaemia by 1% would reduce the odds of preferring an approach by 18% and 10% respectively. Midwives were more resistant to potential changes to current guidelines than lower-level cadres. Conclusions: In Ashanti Region, resistance to change by antenatal clinic workers from a policy of SP-IPT to IST would generally be low, and it would disappear amongst midwives if health outcomes for the mother and baby were improved by the new strategy. DCEs are a promising approach to identifying factors that will increase the likelihood of effective implementation of new interventions immediately after their efficacy has been proven.	,DELIVERY,GAP,IMPLEMENTATION,"INTERMITTENT PREVENTIVE TREATMENT",MALARIA,PREGNANCY	None	None
WoS	WOS:000273689800002	Impact of rural development projects on agricultural productivity in selected regions of Benin	Afari-Sefa, Victor,Yabi, Jacob A.	2009	AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH	4	11	None	IITA, Univ Parakou	None	In this study, data collected from 120 rural households located in two distinct socio-cultural locales of Benin was used to assess the impact of 20 development projects on agricultural productivity. A 'withwithout' approach of impact evaluation is followed using ANOVA and econometric regressions. Results reveal no significant differences of projects on agricultural productivity between participants in the two study zones. Econometric regression estimates show significantly positive impacts on agricultural productivity for two selected project indicators in the two study zones. However, the goal achievement index was more remarked in the Adja area, where the projects were found to have better addressed development problems and provided higher impact. The results suggest the need to improve management of agricultural projects to enhance their impact. Likewise, objectives and activities of the projects should be oriented to deal better with development problems of rural people, in particular those of the poorest and marginalized communities.	BENIN,IMPACT,productivity,"rural projects"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940379736	Impact of an intervention to minimize overdiagnosis of malaria cases in a low risk Kenyan sub- county	Njuguna J., Menge D., Nzou J., Chege C.	2015	Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved	26	3	None	Ijara sub- County, Kenya; Lagdera sub- County, Kenya	Njuguna, J., Ijara sub- County, Kenya; Menge, D., Ijara sub- County, Kenya; Nzou, J., Ijara sub- County, Kenya; Chege, C., Ijara sub- County, Kenya, Lagdera sub- County, Kenya	Introduction. Overdiagnosis of malaria cases hampers malaria control in developing countries. Due to lack of diagnostics, febrile cases are treated using signs and symptoms. We evaluated an intervention to minimize overdiagnosis in Ijara sub- County, Kenya. Methods. Health workers were trained on case management and rapid diagnostic tests provided in late 2011. Malaria outpatient morbidity was assessed a year before and after the intervention coupled with data on rapid diagnostic tests consumption. Results. The number of diagnosed malaria cases decreased from 15,615 in 2011 to 1,892 in 2012. This represents an 87.8% decrease. There was a significant difference in number of diagnosed monthly malaria cases during the pre- intervention (Mean = 1,299, SD = 550.4) and post- intervention periods (Mean = 158, SD = 160.9, t (12.9) = 6.9, p =.000, two tailed). Mean monthly consumption of rapid diagnostic tests was 730, with 5.2% testing positive. Con clusion. This intervention reduced overdiagnosis and overtreatment of malaria cases. © Meharry Medical College.	Kenya; Malaria; Overdiagnosis; Remote	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84877590894	Breeding practices and reproductive performance of traditionally managed indigenous sheep and goat in Ilu Abba Bora zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia	Urgessa D., Duguma B., Demeke S., Tolamariam T.	2013	Global Veterinaria	10	6	10.5829/idosi.gv.2013.10.6.64163	Illu Abba Bora Zone Office of Agriculture and Rural Development, Mettu, Ethiopia; Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Jimma University, P.O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia	Urgessa, D., Illu Abba Bora Zone Office of Agriculture and Rural Development, Mettu, Ethiopia; Duguma, B., Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Jimma University, P.O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia; Demeke, S., Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Jimma University, P.O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia; Tolamariam, T., Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Jimma University, P.O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia	The aim of this study was to assess the breeding practices and reproductive performance of sheep and goats in three districts of Ilu Aba Bora Zone, Ethiopia. A total of 270 (90 from each district) households were randomly selected for the study and the heads of the households were interviewed using pre-tested, structured questionnaire. Findings of the study indicated that 26% of respondents had breeding rams and bucks, while 74% of them share breeding rams and bucks with their neighbors. Breeding was predominantly uncontrolled. Kidding/lambing occurred all the year round with 37.8 and 38.1% of lambs and kids were dropped in wet season. Coat color, body conformation and pedigree performance were considered as the most important criteria in selecting breeding rams and bucks showing significant (P<0.05) difference between districts. Age at puberty was 5-8 months in sheep and 5-6 months in goats. The average age at first parturition was 10-11 months in 43 and 52%of sheep and goats, respectively. Parturition interval was 9-10 months in 62 and 61.9% of sheep and goats, respectively. About 59, 38 and 1.5% respondents reported that ewes give single, twine and triple births, respectively, while 58, 40 and 1.1% of respondents revealed that does give single, twine and triple births, respectively. The study observed that reproductive performance of sheep and goats was generally found to be low. Thus, small ruminant productivity would be improved if adequate attention is paid to alleviate the technical constraints, increase adoption of improved technologies and appropriate delivery of extension messages. © IDOSI Publications, 2013.	Age at first lambing/kidding; Breeding; Goats; Puberty; Selection; Sheep	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904612245	Evaluation of growth trends in the short-eared somali goat breed of eastern Ethiopia	Gebreyesus G., Haile A., Dessie T.	2014	Research Journal of Applied Sciences	9	5	None	ILRI, P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ICARDA, P.O. Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria, Ethiopia	Gebreyesus, G., ILRI, P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Haile, A., ICARDA, P.O. Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria, Ethiopia; Dessie, T., ILRI, P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	A study was conducted to assess the growth performance of the short-eared Somali goat breed in Eastern Ethiopia and quantify the effect of age and production site on these parameters. The quantitative traits recorded from linear body measurements of the adult female population (>3PPI) averaged 21.86±2.89 kg, 56.42±3.53 cm, 65.39±3.68 cm, 60.95±2.82 cm, 7.78±1.18 and 13.89±1.04 cm for body weight, body length, chest girth, height at withers, chest width and pelvic width, respectively. The corresponding values for the male population were 24.17±4.75 kg, 57.36±4.53 cm, 66.78±5.97 cm, 63.6±3.83 cm, 7.8±1.33 cm and 13.66±1.52 cm, respectively. Effects of age (dentition group) on body weight and linear measurements was estimated using least square means to assess the growth trend in male and female animals of the population. © Medwell Journals, 2014.	Body weight; Growth trend; Linear traits; Population; Short-eared somali goats	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864579649	New measures improve operations performance management	Van Der Merwe K., Paton A.	2012	EngineerIT	None	JULY	None	IME, South Africa; Hatch, South Africa	Van Der Merwe, K., IME, South Africa; Paton, A., Hatch, South Africa	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33846786760	Working practices and incomes of health workers: Evidence from an evaluation of a delivery fee exemption scheme in Ghana	Witter S., Kusi A., Aikins M.	2007	Human Resources for Health	5	None	10.1186/1478-4491-5-2	Immpact, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom; Immpact, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana	Witter, S., Immpact, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom; Kusi, A., Immpact, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana; Aikins, M., Immpact, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana	Background: This article describes a survey of health workers and traditional birth attendants (TBAs) which was carried out in 2005 in two regions of Ghana. The objective of the survey was to ascertain the impact of the introduction of a delivery fee exemption scheme on both health workers and those providers who were excluded from the scheme (TBAs). This formed part of an overall evaluation of the delivery fee exemption scheme. The results shed light not only on the scheme itself but also on the general productivity of a range of health workers in Ghana. Methods: A structured questionnaire was developed, covering individual and household characteristics, working hours and practices, sources of income, and views of the exemptions scheme and general motivation. After field testing, this was administered to 374 respondents in 12 districts of Central and Volta regions. The respondents included doctors, medical assistants (MAs), public and private midwives, nurses, community health nurses (CHNs), and traditional birth attendants, both trained and untrained. Results: Health workers were well informed about the delivery fee exemptions scheme and their responses on its impact suggest a realistic view that it was a good scheme, but one that faces serious challenges regarding financial sustainability. Concerning its impact on their morale and working conditions, the responses were broadly neutral. Most public sector workers have seen an increased workload, but counterbalanced by increased pay. TBAs have suffered, in terms of client numbers and income, while the picture for private midwives is mixed. The survey also sheds light on pay and productivity. The respondents report long working hours, with a mean of 54 hours per week for community nurses and up to 129 hours per week for MAs. Weekly reported client loads in the public sector range from a mean of 86 for nurses to 269 for doctors. Over the past two years, reported working hours have been increasing, but so have pay and allowances (for doctors, allowances now make up 66% of their total pay). The lowest paid public health worker now earns almost ten times the average gross national income (GNI) per capita, while the doctors earn 38.5 times GNI per capita. This compares well with average government pay of four times GNI per capita. Comparing pay with outputs, the relatively high number of clients reported by doctors reduces their pay differential, so that the cost per client - $ 1.09 - is similar to a nurse's (and lower than a private midwife's). Conclusion: These findings show that a scheme which increases demand for public health services while also sustaining health worker income and morale, is workable, if well managed, even within the relatively constrained human resources environment of countries like Ghana. This may be linked to the fact that internal comparisons reveal Ghana's health workers to be well paid from public sector sources. © 2007 Witter et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34250612631	Geochemistry of impactites and basement lithologies from ICDP borehole LB-07A, Bosumtwi impact structure, Ghana	Coney L., Reimold W.U., Gibson R.L., Koeberl C.	2007	Meteoritics and Planetary Science	42	42465	None	Impact Cratering Research Group, School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Museum for Natural History, Department of Mineralogy, Humboldt University Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany; Department of Geological Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria	Coney, L., Impact Cratering Research Group, School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Reimold, W.U., Impact Cratering Research Group, School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa, Museum for Natural History, Department of Mineralogy, Humboldt University Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany; Gibson, R.L., Impact Cratering Research Group, School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Koeberl, C., Department of Geological Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria	In 2004, a drilling project by the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) at the Bosumtwi impact crater, Ghana (1.07 Myr old and 10.5 km in diameter), obtained drill core LB-07A, which sampled impactites and underlying metasediments in the crater moat surrounding the small central uplift of the structure. The LB-07A core consists of three sequences: 82.29 m of an upper impactite sequence of alternating polymict lithic and suevitic impact breccias overlying 54.88 m of so-called lower impactite of monomict impact breccia with several suevite intercalations, and 74.53 m of meta-graywacke and altered shale of the basement, also containing a number of suevite intercalations. Major- and trace-element characteristics of all three sequences have been determined to investigate breccia formation and the role of the respective basement lithologies therein. Compositions of polymict impact breccias of the crater fill revealed by core LB-07A are compared with the compositions of the Ivory Coast tektites and the fallout suevites. The impactites of the LB-07A borehole appear well homogenized with respect to the silicate component, and little change in the ranges of many major- and trace-element differences is seen along the length of the borehole (except for Fe2O3, MgO, and CaO contents). Much scatter is observed for a number of elements, and in many cases this increases with depth. It is proposed that any variability in composition is likely the function of clast population differences (i.e., also of relatively small sample sizes). No systematic compositional difference between polymict lithic and suevitic impact breccias is evident. An indication of carbonate enrichment due to hydrothermal alteration is observed in samples from all lithologies. The impactites of the borehole generally show intermediate compositions to previously defined target rocks. The fallout suevites have comparable major element abundances, except for relatively lower MgO contents. The Ivory Coast tektites are generally similar in composition to the LB-07A suevites, but broader ranges in MgO and CaO contents are observed for the LB-07A suevites. © The Meteoritical Society, 2007. Printed in USA.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34250686622	Lithostratigraphic and petrographic analysis of ICDP drill core LB-07A, Bosumtwi impact structure, Ghana	Coney L., Gibson R.L., Reimold W.U., Koeberl C.	2007	Meteoritics and Planetary Science	42	42465	None	Impact Cratering Research Group, School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Museum for Natural History, Department of Mineralogy, Humboldt University in Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany; Department of Geological Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria	Coney, L., Impact Cratering Research Group, School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Gibson, R.L., Impact Cratering Research Group, School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Reimold, W.U., Impact Cratering Research Group, School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa, Museum for Natural History, Department of Mineralogy, Humboldt University in Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany; Koeberl, C., Department of Geological Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria	Lithostratigraphic and petrographic studies of drill core samples from the 545.08 m deep International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) borehole LB-07A in the Bosumtwi impact structure revealed two sequences of impactites below the post-impact crater sediments and above coherent basement rock. The upper impactites (333.38-415.67 m depth) comprise an alternating sequence of suevite and lithic impact breccias. The lower impactite sequence (415.67-470.55 m depth) consists essentially of monomict impact breccia formed from meta-graywacke with minor shale, as well as two narrow injections of suevite, which differ from the suevites of the upper impactites in color and intensity of shock metamorphism of the clasts. The basement rock (470.55-545.08 m depth) is composed of lower greenschist-facies metapelites (shale, schist and minor phyllite), meta-graywacke, and minor meta-sandstone, as well as interlaminated quartzite and calcite layers. The basement also contains a number of suevite dikelets that are interpreted as injection veins, as well as a single occurrence of granophyric-textured rock, tentatively interpreted as a hydrothermally altered granitic intrusion likely related to the regional pre-impact granitoid complexes. Impact melt fragments are not as prevalent in LB-07A suevite as in the fallout suevite facies around the northern crater rim; on average, 3.6 vol% of melt fragments is seen in the upper suevites and up to 18 vol% in the lower suevite occurrences. Shock deformation features observed in the suevites and polymict lithic breccias include planar deformation features in quartz (1 to 3 sets), rare diaplectic quartz glass, and very rare diaplectic feldspar glass. Notably, no ballen quartz, which is abundant in the fallout suevites, has been found in the within-crater impact breccias. An overall slight increase in the degree of shock metamorphism occurs with depth in the impactites, but considerably lower shock degrees are seen in the suevites of the basement rocks, which show similar features to each other. The bulk of the suevite in LB-07A appears to have been derived from the <35 GPa shock zone of the transient crater. © The Meteoritical Society, 2007. Printed in USA.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000254928900015	The impact of monitoring HIV patients prior to treatment in resource-poor settings: Insights from mathematical modelling	Dube, Sabada,Garnett, Geoff P.,Gregson, Simon,Hallett, Timothy B.	2008	PLOS MEDICINE	5	3	10.1371/journal.pmed.0050053	Imperial College London, Biomed Res & Training Inst	"Dube, Sabada: Imperial College London","Garnett, Geoff P.: Imperial College London","Hallett, Timothy B.: Imperial College London",	Background The roll-out of antiretroviral treatment ( ART) in developing countries concentrates on finding patients currently in need, but over time many HIV-infected individuals will be identified who will require treatment in the future. We investigated the potential influence of alternative patient management and ART initiation strategies on the impact of ART programmes in subSaharan Africa. Methods and Findings We developed a stochastic mathematical model representing disease progression, diagnosis, clinical monitoring, and survival in a cohort of 1,000 hypothetical HIV-infected individuals in Africa. If individuals primarily enter ART programmes when symptomatic, the model predicts that only 25% will start treatment and, on average, 6 life-years will be saved per person treated. If individuals are recruited to programmes while still healthy and are frequently monitored, and CD4(+) cell counts are used to help decide when to initiate ART, three times as many are expected to be treated, and average life-years saved among those treated increases to 15. The impact of programmes can be improved further by performing a second CD4(+) cell count when the initial value is close to the threshold for starting treatment, maintaining high patient follow-up rates, and prioritising monitoring the oldest ( &gt;= 35 y) and most immune- suppressed patients ( CD4(+) cell count &lt;= 350). Initiating ART at higher CD4(+) cell counts than WHO recommends leads to more life-years saved, but disproportionately more years spent on ART. Conclusions The overall impact of ART programmes will be limited if rates of diagnosis are low and individuals enter care too late. Frequently monitoring individuals at all stages of HIV infection and using CD4(+) cell count information to determine when to start treatment can maximise the impact of ART.	,AIDS,"ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",DISEASE,"HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS","INCOME COUNTRIES","INFECTED ADULTS","LYMPHOCYTE COUNTS",PROGRESSION,UGANDA,ZIMBABWE	None	None
WoS	WOS:000270505100011	HIV IN ZIMBABWE 1985-2003: MEASUREMENT, TRENDS AND IMPACT	Carael, M,Dube, Sabada,Glynn, JR,Grassly, Nicholas C.,Gregson, Simon,McNaghten, A. D.,Mugurungi, Owen	2007	HIV, RESURGENT INFECTIONS AND POPULATION CHANGE IN AFRICA	6	None	None	Imperial College London, CDC Zimbabwe, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Minist Hlth & Child Welf	"Dube, Sabada: Imperial College London","Grassly, Nicholas C.: Imperial College London","Gregson, Simon: Imperial College London",	HIV spread rapidly in Zimbabwe in the mid-late 1980s. By the mid-1990s, one-quarter of adults in the country were infected with HIV. HIV-1 subtype C is believed to be the predominant sub-type within the country and its spread has been mediated overwhelmingly by heterosexual sex. Sexual networks shaped by cultural and colonial influences, and the combination of a relatively high level of development and marked socio-economic inequalities, have facilitated the spread of HIV infection into the majority rural population, and have thereby fueled the large national epidemic. Classic sexually transmitted infections such as syphilis, gonorrhoea and Chlamydia have been controlled during the epidemic through a pioneering syndromic management programme, but Herpes simplex virus type 2 is extremely common. Male circumcision is only practised in minority groups. Blood transfusions were screened for HIV from an early stage in the epidemic and there is little evidence that contaminated needles have made more than a modest contribution to HIV transmission. The socio-demographic effects of the epidemic have been devastating and include sustained, crisis-level adult mortality, particularly in the most economically-active age-groups, a reversal of previous gains in early childhood survival, a rapid decline in population growth, and an inexorable rise in orphanhood. Since the late 1990s there have been signs of a leveling out in the HIV epidemic and of a decline in HIV incidence. There is evidence of reductions in rates of sexual partner change and of a decline in HIV prevalence in young people. These encouraging trends may reflect saturation of the epidemic within high risk groups, heightened mortality due to ageing of HIV infections, and changes in behaviour adopted in the face of the extreme adult mortality. Zimbabwe's well-educated population and extensive primary health care network are conducive to a relatively rapid response to the HIV epidemic and the Government's intensified efforts to control HIV transmission supported by those of its partners are also likely to have played a part in placing a brake on the national epidemic.	,"ADULT MORTALITY",AIDS,DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES,"EASTERN ZIMBABWE","HIV/AIDS EPIDEMIC",INFECTION,"MALE FACTORY-WORKERS","RURAL ZIMBABWE",SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000315119400002	The impact of hotspot-targeted interventions on malaria transmission: study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial	Baidjoe, Amrish,Bayoh, Nabie,Bousema, Teun,Cox, Jonathan,Desai, Meghna,Drakeley, Chris,Griffin, Jamie T.,Kleinschmidt, Immo,Laserson, Kayla,Remarque, Edmond J.,Sauerwein, Robert,Stevenson, Jennifer,Stresman, Gillian,Vulule, John	2013	TRIALS	14	None	10.1186/1745-6215-14-36	Imperial College London, Radboud University Nijmegen, University of London, Biomed Primate Res Ctr, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine	"Baidjoe, Amrish: Radboud University Nijmegen","Cox, Jonathan: University of London","Drakeley, Chris: University of London","Griffin, Jamie T.: Imperial College London","Kleinschmidt, Immo: University of London","Sauerwein, Robert: Radboud University Nijmegen","Stevenson, Jennifer: University of London","Stresman, Gillian: University of London",	Background: Malaria transmission is highly heterogeneous in most settings, resulting in the formation of recognizable malaria hotspots. Targeting these hotspots might represent a highly efficacious way of controlling or eliminating malaria if the hotspots fuel malaria transmission to the wider community. Methods/design: Hotspots of malaria will be determined based on spatial patterns in age-adjusted prevalence and density of antibodies against malaria antigens apical membrane antigen-1 and merozoite surface protein-1. The community effect of interventions targeted at these hotspots will be determined. The intervention will comprise larviciding, focal screening and treatment of the human population, distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying. The impact of the intervention will be determined inside and up to 500 m outside the targeted hotspots by PCR-based parasite prevalence in cross-sectional surveys, malaria morbidity by passive case detection in selected facilities and entomological monitoring of larval and adult Anopheles populations. Discussion: This study aims to provide direct evidence for a community effect of hotspot-targeted interventions. The trial is powered to detect large effects on malaria transmission in the context of ongoing malaria interventions. Follow-up studies will be needed to determine the effect of individual components of the interventions and the cost-effectiveness of a hotspot-targeted approach, where savings made by reducing the number of compounds that need to receive interventions should outweigh the costs of hotspot-detection.	ANOPHELES,ELIMINATION,EPIDEMIOLOGY,ERADICATION,falciparum,HETEROGENEITY,IMMUNOLOGY,MALARIA,MOLECULAR,TRANSMISSION,ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE,"BED NETS",CHILD-MORTALITY,DAR-ES-SALAAM,"DRIED BLOOD SPOTS",LIGHT-TRAP,PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA,PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM,TANZANIA,"WE	None	None
WoS	WOS:000246162900008	Voluntary counselling and testing: uptake, impact on sexual behaviour, and HIV incidence in a rural Zimbabwean cohort	Chawira, Godwin,Cremin, Ide,Dube, Sabada,Gregson, Simon,Kakowa, Memory,Lopman, Ben,Nyamukapa, Constance,Oberzaucher, Nicole,Sherr, Lorraine	2007	AIDS	21	7	None	Imperial College London, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, UCL Medical School, University College London, University of London, Biomed Res & Training Inst, European Ctr Social Welf Policy & Res	None	Objectives: To examine the determinants of uptake of voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) services, to assess changes in sexual risk behaviour following VCT, and to compare HIV incidence amongst testers and non-testers. Methods: Prospective population-based cohort study of adult men and women in the Manicaland province of eastern Zimbabwe. Demographic, socioeconomic, sexual behaviour and VCT utilization data were collected at baseline (1998-2000) and follow-up (3 years later). HIV status was determined by HIV-1 antibody detection. In addition to services provided by the government and non-governmental organizations, a mobile VCT clinic was available at study sites. Results: Lifetime uptake of VCT increased from under 6% to 11% at follow-up. Age, increasing education and knowledge of HIV were associated with VCT uptake. Women who took a test were more likely to be HIV positive and to have greater HIV knowledge and fewer total lifetime partners. After controlling for demographic characteristics, sexual behaviour was not independently associated with VCT uptake. Women who tested positive reported increased consistent condom use in their regular partnerships. However, individuals who tested negative were more likely to adopt more risky behaviours in terms of numbers of partnerships in the last month, the last year and in concurrent partnerships. HIV incidence during follow-up did not differ between testers and non-testers. Conclusion: Motivation for VCT uptake was driven by knowledge and education rather than sexual risk. Increased sexual risk following receipt of a negative result may be a serious unintended consequence of VCT. It should be minimized with appropriate pre- and post-test counselling. (c) 2007 Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins.	counselling,"HIV INCIDENCE","sexual behaviour",VCT,ZIMBABWE,AFRICA,COUPLES,EFFICACY,KENYA,MEN,PREVENTION,RANDOMIZED-TRIAL,"RISK BEHAVIOR",TANZANIA,TRANSMISSION	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904573626	Comparing determinants of alien bird impacts across two continents: Implications for risk assessment and management	Evans T., Kumschick S., Dyer E., Blackburn T.	2014	Ecology and Evolution	4	14	10.1002/ece3.1144	Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, United Kingdom; Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, United Kingdom; Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom; King Saud University, Riyadh, 1145, Saudi Arabia; Environment Institute, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia	Evans, T., Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, United Kingdom; Kumschick, S., Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Dyer, E., Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, United Kingdom, Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom; Blackburn, T., Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, United Kingdom, King Saud University, Riyadh, 1145, Saudi Arabia, Environment Institute, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia	Invasive alien species can have serious adverse impacts on both the environment and the economy. Being able to predict the impacts of an alien species could assist in preventing or reducing these impacts. This study aimed to establish whether there are any life history traits consistently correlated with the impacts of alien birds across two continents, Europe and Australia, as a first step toward identifying life history traits that may have the potential to be adopted as predictors of alien bird impacts. A recently established impact scoring system was used in combination with a literature review to allocate impact scores to alien bird species with self-sustaining populations in Australia. These scores were then tested for correlation with a series of life history traits. The results were compared to data from a previous study in Europe, undertaken using the same methodology, in order to establish whether there are any life history traits consistently correlated with impact across both continents. Habitat generalism was the only life history trait found to be consistently correlated with impact in both Europe and Australia. This trait shows promise as a potential predictor of alien bird impacts. The results support the findings of previous studies in this field, and could be used to inform decisions regarding the prevention and management of future invasions. © 2014 The Authors.	Alien birds; Biological invasion; Habitat generalism; Impact prediction; Life history traits; Risk assessment	None	SNSF, Swiss National Science Foundation
WoS	WOS:000337962500011	The impact of HIV on children's education in eastern Zimbabwe	Campbell, Catherine,Eaton, Jeffrey W.,Gregson, Simon,Munyati, Shungu,Nyamukapa, Constance,Pufall, Erica L.,Robertson, Laura,Skovdal, Morten	2014	AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV	26	9	10.1080/09540121.2014.892564	Imperial College London, University of Copenhagen, University of London, Biomed Res & Training Inst	"Campbell, Catherine: University of London","Eaton, Jeffrey W.: Imperial College London","Gregson, Simon: Imperial College London","Pufall, Erica L.: Imperial College London","Robertson, Laura: Imperial College London","Skovdal, Morten: University of Copenhagen",	Little is known about how HIV impacts directly and indirectly on receiving, or particularly succeeding in, education in sub-Saharan Africa. To address this gap, we used multivariable logistic regression to determine the correlation between education outcomes in youth (aged 15-24) (being in the correct grade-for-age, primary school completion and having at least five "O" level passes) and being HIV-positive; having an HIV-positive parent; being a young carer; or being a maternal, paternal or double orphan, in five rounds (1998-2011) of a general population survey from eastern Zimbabwe. The fifth survey round (2009-2011) included data on children aged 6-17, which were analysed for the impacts of the above risk factors on regular attendance in primary and secondary schools and being in the correct grade-for-age. For data pooled over all rounds, being HIV-positive had no association with primary school completion, "O" level passes, or being in the correct grade-for-age in adolescents aged 16-17 years. Additionally, HIV status had no significant association with any education outcomes in children aged 6-17 surveyed in 2009-2011. In 2009-2011, being a young carer was associated with lower attendance in secondary school (69% vs. 85%, AOR: 0.44; p=0.02), whilst being a maternal (75% vs. 83%, AOR: 0.67; p&lt;0.01), paternal (76% vs. 83%, AOR: 0.67; p=0.02) or double (75% vs. 83%, AOR: 0.68; p=0.02) orphan was associated with decreased odds of being in the correct grade-for-age. All forms of orphanhood also significantly decreased the odds of primary school completion in youths surveyed from 1998 to 2011 (all p&lt;0.01). We found no evidence that HIV status affects education but further evidence that orphans do experience worse education outcomes than other children. Combination approaches that provide incentives for children to attend school and equip schools with tools to support vulnerable children may be most effective in improving education outcomes and should be developed and evaluated.	CHILDREN,EDUCATION,HIV,orphanhood,ZIMBABWE,AIDS,"ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",CONSEQUENCES,NON-ORPHANS,OUTCOMES,"PARENTAL DEATH",POVERTY,SCHOOL,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA",TANZANIA	None	None
WoS	WOS:000208160600018	Monitoring the millennium development goals: the potential role of the INDEPTH Network	Bangha, Martin,Bawah, Ayaga,Diagne, Alioune,Sankoh, Osman	2010	GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION	3	None	10.3402/gha.v3i0.5517	INDEPTH Network	None	The Millennium Declaration, adopted by the United Nations (UN) in 2000, set a series of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) as priorities for UN member countries, committing governments to realising eight major MDGs and 18 associated targets by 2015. Progress towards these goals is being assessed by tracking a series of 48 technical indicators that have since been unanimously adopted by experts. This concept paper outlines the role member Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems (HDSSs) of the INDEPTH Network could play in monitoring progress towards achieving the MDGs. The unique qualities of the data generated by HDSSs lie in the fact that they provide an opportunity to measure or evaluate interventions longitudinally, through the long-term follow-up of defined populations.	"health and demographic surveillance systems","LONGITUDINAL DATA","millennium development goals","monitoring MDG progress"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84865298437	Variations in magnetic properties of target basalts with the direction of asteroid impact: Example from Lonar crater, India	Arif M., Basavaiah N., Misra S., Deenadayalan K.	2012	Meteoritics and Planetary Science	47	8	10.1111/j.1945-5100.2012.01395.x	Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, Navi Mumbai-410 218, India; School of Geological Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban-4000, South Africa	Arif, M., Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, Navi Mumbai-410 218, India; Basavaiah, N., Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, Navi Mumbai-410 218, India; Misra, S., School of Geological Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban-4000, South Africa; Deenadayalan, K., Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, Navi Mumbai-410 218, India	The Lonar crater in Maharashtra state, India, has been completely excavated on the Deccan Traps basalt (approximately 65Ma) at approximately 570±47ka by an oblique impact of a possible chondritic asteroid that struck the preimpact target from the east at an angle of approximately 30-45 o to the horizon where the total duration of the shock event was approximately 1s. It is shown by our early work that the distribution of ejecta and deformation of target rocks around the crater rim are symmetrical to the east-west plane of impact (Misra et al. 2010). The present study shows that some of the rock magnetic properties of these shocked target basalts, e.g., low-field anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS), natural remanent magnetization (NRM)/bulk susceptibility (χ), and high-coercivity and high-temperature (HC_HT) magnetization component, are also almost symmetrically oriented with reference to the plane of impact. Studies on the relative displacements of K 3 (minimum) AMS axes of shocked basalts from around the crater rim and from the adjacent target rocks to the approximately 2-3km west of the crater center suggest that the impact stress could have branched out into the major southwestward and northwestward components in the downrange direction immediately after the impact. The biaxial distribution of AMS axes in stereographic plots for the unshocked basalts transforms mostly into triaxial distribution for the shocked basalts, although transitional type distribution also exists. The degree of anisotropy (P′) of AMS ellipsoids of the shocked basalts decreases by approximately 2% when compared with those of the unshocked target (approximately 1.03). The NRM/χ (Am -1) values of the shocked basalts on the rim of the Lonar crater do not show much change in the uprange or downrange direction on and close to the east-west plane of impact, and the values are only approximately 1.5times higher on average over the unshocked basalts around the crater. However, the values become approximately 1.4-16.4times higher for the shocked basalts on the crater rim, which occur obliquely to the plane of impact. The target basalts at approximately 2-3km west of the crater center in the downrange also show a significant increase (up to approximately 26times higher) in NRM/χ. The majority of the shocked basalt samples (approximately 73%) from around the crater rim, in general, show a lowering of REM, except those from approximately 2-3km west of the crater center in the downrange, where nearly half of the sample population shows a higher REM of approximately 3.63% in average. The shocked target basalts around the Lonar crater also acquired an HC_HT magnetization component due to impact. These HC_HT components are mostly oriented in the uprange direction and are symmetrically disposed about the east-west plane of impact, making an obtuse angle with the direction of impact. The low-coercivity and low-temperature (LC_LT) components of both the unshocked and shocked basalts are statistically identical to the present day field (PDF) direction. This could be chemical and/or viscous remanent magnetization acquired by the target basalts during the last 570±47ka, subsequent to the formation of the Lonar crater. The shocked Lonar target basalts appear to have remagnetized under high impact shock pressure and at low temperature of approximately 200-300°C, where Ti-rich titanomagnetite was the main magnetic remanence carrier. © The Meteoritical Society, 2012.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000311886700008	Impact of Internalized Stigma on HIV Prevention Behaviors Among HIV-Infected Individuals Seeking HIV Care in Kenya	Akach, Emannuel,Dodge, Brian,Kingori, Caroline,Murray, Maresa,Ngatia, Peter,Obeng, Samuel,Ojakaa, David,Reece, Michael,Shacham, Enbal	2012	AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS	26	12	10.1089/apc.2012.0258	Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana University System, Ohio University, Saint Louis University, African Med Res Fdn AMREF	"Dodge, Brian: Indiana University Bloomington","Dodge, Brian: Indiana University System","Kingori, Caroline: Ohio University","Murray, Maresa: Indiana University Bloomington","Murray, Maresa: Indiana University System","Obeng, Samuel: Indiana University Bloomington","Obeng, Samuel: Indiana University System","Reece, Michael: Indiana University Bloomington","Reece, Michael: Indiana University System","Shacham, Enbal: Saint Louis University",	In general, an initial diagnosis of HIV is likely to be correlated with the onset of HIV stigma. HIV-positive individuals are likely to internalize stigma, may suffer from psychosocial issues, or engage in maladaptive behaviors to cope with the diagnosis. Internalized stigma stems from fear of stigmatization also known as felt stigma. The current study examined the impact of HIV felt stigma on overall health and success of HIV prevention behaviors among 370 participants living with HIV and receiving care at an urban HIV clinic in Kenya. An 18-item instrument was cross culturally adapted to measure felt stigma. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses examined the data. Findings indicate that 25.9% (n = 96) of participants who reported experiencing high levels of felt stigma related to other people's attitudes toward their condition, ostracizing, and a disruption of their personal life, were likely to not adhere to prescribed HIV medication and not disclose their HIV serostatus to one other person. Those who also experienced felt stigma related to a disruption of their personal lives while mediated by depression were likely to report poor overall health. Findings support having HIV clinics and interventions develop relevant HIV prevention strategies that focus on the emerging dimensions of felt stigma which can significantly impact disclosure of serostatus, medication adherence, and overall health.	,ADHERENCE,DEPRESSION,DISCLOSURE,HEALTH,HIV/AIDS,PEOPLE,SCALE,TRANSLATION,VALIDATION,VALIDITY	None	None
WoS	WOS:000298383700020	What Is the Impact of Home-Based HIV Counseling and Testing on the Clinical Status of Newly Enrolled Adults in a Large HIV Care Program in Western Kenya?	Braitstein, Paula,Kimaiyo, Sylvester,Mamlin, Joseph,Ndege, Samson,Wachira, Juddy	2012	CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES	54	2	10.1093/cid/cir789	Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University System, Moi University, Regenstrief Institute Inc, United States Agency for International Development (USAID), University of Toronto, USAID AMPATH	None	Background. This article describes the effect point of entry into the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care program had on the clinical status of adults presenting for the first time to USAID-AMPATH (US Agency for International Development-Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare) Partnership clinics for HIV care. Methods. All patients aged &gt;= 14 years enrolled between August 2008 and April 2010 were included. Points of entry to USAID-AMPATH clinics were home-based counseling and testing (HBCT), provider-initiated testing and counseling (PITC), HIV testing in the tuberculosis clinic, and voluntary counseling and testing (VCT). Tests for trend were calculated, and multivariable logistic regression was used to compare the effect of HBCT versus other points of entry on primary outcomes controlling for age and sex. Results. There were 19 552 eligible individuals. Of these, 946 tested in HBCT, 10 261 in VCT, 8073 in PITC, and 272 in the tuberculosis clinic. The median (interquartile range) enrollment CD4 cell counts among those who tested HIV positive was 323 (194-491), 217 (87-404), 190 (70-371), and 136 cells/mm(3) (59-266) for HBCT, VCT, PITC, and the tuberculosis clinic, respectively (P &lt; .001). Compared with those patients whose HIV infection was diagnosed in the tuberculosis clinic, those who tested positive in HBCT were, controlling for age and sex, less likely to have to have World Health Organization stage III or IV HIV infection at enrollment (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], .03-.06), less likely to enroll with a CD4 cell count of &lt; 200 cells/mm(3) (AOR, 0.20; 95% CI, .14-.28), and less likely to enroll into care with a chief complaint (AOR, 0.08; 95% CI, .05-.12). Conclusions. HBCT is effective at getting HIV-infected persons enrolled in HIV care before they become ill.	,"ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",DISCORDANCE,GENDER,INFECTION,PREVALENCE,PREVENTION,SCALE-UP,SELF-DISCLOSURE,SEROSTATUS,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873871420	Short-term rationing of combination antiretroviral therapy: Impact on morbidity, mortality, and loss to follow-up in a large HIV treatment program in Western Kenya	Bell A.J., Wools-Kaloustian K., Kimaiyo S., Liu H., Katschke A., Shen C., Simiyu G., Musick B.S., Sidle J.E., Siika A., Braitstein P.	2012	AIDS Research and Treatment	2012	None	10.1155/2012/814564	Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West 10th Street, OPW M200, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States; USAID-Academic Model for Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), P.O. Box 5760-30100, Eldoret, Kenya; Moi University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 4606-30100, Eldoret, Kenya; Regenstrief Institute Incorporated, 1050 Wishard Boulevard, RG 5, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Health Sciences Building, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada	Bell, A.J., Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West 10th Street, OPW M200, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States; Wools-Kaloustian, K., Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West 10th Street, OPW M200, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States; Kimaiyo, S., USAID-Academic Model for Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), P.O. Box 5760-30100, Eldoret, Kenya, Moi University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 4606-30100, Eldoret, Kenya; Liu, H., Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West 10th Street, OPW M200, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States; Katschke, A., Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West 10th Street, OPW M200, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States; Shen, C., Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West 10th Street, OPW M200, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States; Simiyu, G., USAID-Academic Model for Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), P.O. Box 5760-30100, Eldoret, Kenya; Musick, B.S., Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West 10th Street, OPW M200, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States; Sidle, J.E., Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West 10th Street, OPW M200, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States, USAID-Academic Model for Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), P.O. Box 5760-30100, Eldoret, Kenya, Moi University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 4606-30100, Eldoret, Kenya; Siika, A., USAID-Academic Model for Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), P.O. Box 5760-30100, Eldoret, Kenya; Braitstein, P., Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West 10th Street, OPW M200, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States, USAID-Academic Model for Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), P.O. Box 5760-30100, Eldoret, Kenya, Moi University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 4606-30100, Eldoret, Kenya, Regenstrief Institute Incorporated, 1050 Wishard Boulevard, RG 5, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Health Sciences Building, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada	Background. There was a 6-month shortage of antiretrovirals (cART) in Kenya. Methods. We assessed morbidity, mortality, and loss to follow-up (LTFU) in this retrospective analysis of adults who were enrolled during the six-month period with restricted cART (cap) or the six months prior (pre-cap) and eligible for cART at enrollment by the pre-cap standard. Cox models were used to adjust for potential confounders. Results. 9009 adults were eligible for analysis: 4,714 pre-cap and 4,295 during the cap. Median number of days from enrollment to cART initiation was 42 pre-cap and 56 for the cap (P < 0.001). After adjustment, individuals in the cap were at higher risk of mortality (HR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.06-1.39) and LTFU (HR = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.04-1.22). There was no difference between the groups in their risk of developing a new AIDS-defining illness (HR = 0.92 95% CI 0.82-1.03). Conclusions. Rationing of cART, even for a relatively short period of six months, led to clinically adverse outcomes. © 2012 April J. Bell et al.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000296353600001	Alternative antiretroviral monitoring strategies for HIV-infected patients in east Africa: opportunities to save more lives?	Bacon, Melanie C.,Braithwaite, R. Scott,Diero, Lameck,Kimaiyo, Sylvester,Musick, Beverly,Nucifora, Kimberly A.,Wools-Kaloustian, Kara,Yiannoutsos, Constantin T.	2011	JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY	14	None	10.1186/1758-2652-14-38	Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University System, Moi University, National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA, New York University, National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA, NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	"Bacon, Melanie C.: National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA","Braithwaite, R. Scott: New York University","Diero, Lameck: Moi University","Kimaiyo, Sylvester: Moi University","Musick, Beverly: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis","Musick, Beverly: Indiana University System","Nucifora, Kimberly A.: New York University","Wools-Kaloustian, Kara: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis","Wools-Kaloustian, Kara: Indiana University System","Yiannoutsos, Constantin T.: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis","Yiannoutsos, Constantin T.: Indiana University System",	Background: Updated World Health Organization guidelines have amplified debate about how resource constraints should impact monitoring strategies for HIV-infected persons on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). We estimated the incremental benefit and cost effectiveness of alternative monitoring strategies for east Africans with known HIV infection. Methods: Using a validated HIV computer simulation based on resource-limited data (USAID and AMPATH) and circumstances (east Africa), we compared alternative monitoring strategies for HIV-infected persons newly started on cART. We evaluated clinical, immunologic and virologic monitoring strategies, including combinations and conditional logic (e. g., only perform virologic testing if immunologic testing is positive). We calculated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) in units of cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY), using a societal perspective and a lifetime horizon. Costs were measured in 2008 US dollars, and costs and benefits were discounted at 3%. We compared the ICER of monitoring strategies with those of other resource-constrained decisions, in particular earlier cART initiation (at CD4 counts of 350 cells/mm(3) rather than 200 cells/mm3). Results: Monitoring strategies employing routine CD4 testing without virologic testing never maximized health benefits, regardless of budget or societal willingness to pay for additional health benefits. Monitoring strategies employing virologic testing conditional upon particular CD4 results delivered the most benefit at willingness-to-pay levels similar to the cost of earlier cART initiation (approximately $2600/QALY). Monitoring strategies employing routine virologic testing alone only maximized health benefits at willingness-to-pay levels (&gt; $4400/QALY) that greatly exceeded the ICER of earlier cART initiation. Conclusions: CD4 testing alone never maximized health benefits regardless of resource limitations. Programmes routinely performing virologic testing but deferring cART initiation may increase health benefits by reallocating monitoring resources towards earlier cART initiation.	,ADHERENCE,COST-EFFECTIVENESS,MODEL,OUTCOMES,PROGRAMS,"RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS",THERAPY,"VIRAL LOAD"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000262876600006	The impact of the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief on expansion of HIV care services for adult patients in western Kenya	Einterz, Robert,Kimaiyo, Silvester,Musick, Beverly,Nyandiko, Winstone,Sidle, John,Siika, Abraham,Tierney, William M.,Wools-Kaloustian, Kara,Yiannoutsos, Constantin T.	2009	AIDS	23	2	10.1097/QAD.0b013e32831cc3e6	Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University System, Moi University, Regenstrief Institute Inc	"Einterz, Robert: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis","Einterz, Robert: Indiana University System","Kimaiyo, Silvester: Moi University","Musick, Beverly: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis","Musick, Beverly: Indiana University System","Nyandiko, Winstone: Moi University","Siika, Abraham: Moi University","Yiannoutsos, Constantin T.: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis","Yiannoutsos, Constantin T.: Indiana University System",	Background: The President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief committed $15 billion to addressing HIV in resource-poor settings. Objective: To assess the impact of The President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief on the treatment services of an HIV care program. Design, setting, and patients: Cohort study utilizing computerized medical records of nonpregnant adults enrolled into the Academic Model for the Prevention and Treatment of HlV/AIDS system, in western Kenya between 27 November 2001 and 24 July 2006. Main outcomes measures: Number of clinics and patients enrolled in Academic Model for the Prevention and Treatment of HIV/AIDS, as well as patient demographics, immunologic, and clinical characteristics during three periods defined by the availability of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Results: Enrollment as of May 2006 was 23 539. Mean monthly enrollment increased from 64 to 815 between periods 1 and 3. The median CD4 cell count at enrollment during period 3 (172 cells/mu l) was significantly higher than for period 2 (119 cells/mu l; P&lt;0.001). World Health Organization stage at enrollment differed significantly between periods with 6.7% having stage 4 disease in period 3 compared with 13.8% during period 1 (P&lt;0.001). Significantly more patients had complete documentation of cART eligibility, during period 3 as compared with the previous periods. Time from enrollment to cART initiation decreased from a median of 64 weeks in period 1 to 12 weeks during period 3 (P &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: The President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief funding has allowed Academic Model for the Prevention and Treatment of HIV/AIDS to significantly increase the number of individuals receiving HIV care and provided the ability to expand services allowing for identification of patients earlier in their disease process. (C) 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins	Africa,AIDS,antiretrovirals,HIV,SCALE-UP,AFRICA,"ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",EXPERIENCE,OUTCOMES,PROGRAM,SCALING-UP	None	None
WoS	WOS:000282682300005	The Perceived Impact of Disclosure of Pediatric HIV Status on Pediatric Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence, Child Well-Being, and Social Relationships in a Resource-Limited Setting	Ayaya, Samwel O.,Inui, Thomas S.,Marrero, David G.,Nyandiko, Winstone M.,Vreeman, Rachel C.,Walumbe, Eunice G.	2010	AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS	24	10	10.1089/apc.2010.0079	Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University System, Moi University, Regenstrief Institute Inc, United States Agency for International Development (USAID), USAID Acad Model Providing Access Healthcare AMPA	"Walumbe, Eunice G.: United States Agency for International Development (USAID)",	In resource-limited settings, beliefs about disclosing a child's HIV status and the subsequent impacts of disclosure have not been well studied. We sought to describe how parents and guardians of HIV-infected children view the impact of disclosing a child's HIV status, particularly for children's antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. A qualitative study was conducted using involving focus groups and interviews with parents and guardians of HIV-infected children receiving ART in western Kenya. Interviews covered multiple aspects of the experience of having children take medicines. Transcribed interview dialogues were coded for analysis. Data were collected from 120 parents and guardians caring for children 0-14 years (mean 6.8 years, standard deviation [SD] 6.4); 118 of 120 had not told the children they had HIV. Children's caregivers (parents and guardians) described their views on disclosure to children and to others, including how this information-sharing impacted pediatric ART adherence, children's well-being, and their social relationships. Caregivers believed that disclosure might have benefits such as improved ART adherence, especially for older children, and better engagement of a helping social network. They also feared, however, that disclosure might have both negative psychological effects for children and negative social effects for their families, including discrimination. In western Kenya, caregivers' views on the risks and benefits to disclosing children's HIV status emerged a key theme related to a family's experience with HIV medications, even for families who had not disclosed the child's status. Assessing caregivers' views of disclosure is important to understanding and monitoring pediatric ART.	,ADOLESCENTS,DIAGNOSIS,HEALTH-CARE,HIV/AIDS,"MEDICAL LITERATURE","QUALITATIVE RESEARCH",SURVIVAL,"USERS GUIDES","VIRUS-INFECTED CHILDREN","WESTERN KENYA"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908670736	Strengthening patient-centred communication in rural Ugandan health centres: A theory-driven evaluation within a cluster randomized trial	Nayiga S., DiLiberto D., Taaka L., Nabirye C., Haaland A., Staedke S.G., Chandler C.I.R.	2014	Evaluation	20	4	10.1177/1356389014551484	Infectious Disease Research Collaboration, Uganda; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom; University of Oslo, Norway	Nayiga, S., Infectious Disease Research Collaboration, Uganda; DiLiberto, D., London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom; Taaka, L., Infectious Disease Research Collaboration, Uganda; Nabirye, C., Infectious Disease Research Collaboration, Uganda; Haaland, A., University of Oslo, Norway; Staedke, S.G., London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom; Chandler, C.I.R., London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom	This article describes a theory-driven evaluation of one component of an intervention to improve the quality of health care at Ugandan public health centres. Patient-centred services have been advocated widely, but such approaches have received little attention in Africa. A cluster randomized trial is evaluating population-level outcomes of an intervention with multiple components, including ‘patient-centred services.’ A process evaluation was designed within this trial to articulate and evaluate the implementation and programme theories of the intervention. This article evaluates one hypothesized mechanism of change within the programme theory: the impact of the Patient Centred Services component on health-worker communication. The theory-driven approach extended to evaluation of the outcome measures. The study found that the proximal outcome of patient-centred communication was rated 10 percent higher (p < 0.008) by care seekers consulting with the health workers who were at the intervention health centres compared with those at control health centres. This finding will strengthen interpretation of more distal trial outcomes. © The Author(s) 2014.	Africa; complex intervention; patient centred communication; quality of health care; theory-driven evaluation	None	Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874635355	The impact of ART on the economic outcomes of people living with HIV/AIDS	Nannungi A., Wagner G., Ghosh-Dastidar B.	2013	AIDS Research and Treatment	2013	None	10.1155/2013/362972	Infectious Diseases Institute Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, CA 90401, United States	Nannungi, A., Infectious Diseases Institute Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Wagner, G., Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, CA 90401, United States; Ghosh-Dastidar, B., Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, CA 90401, United States	Background. Clinical benefits of ART are well documented, but less is known about its effects on economic outcomes such as work status and income in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods. Data were examined from 482 adult clients entering HIV care (257 starting ART; 225 not yet eligible for ART) in Kampala, Uganda. Self-reported data on work status and income were assessed at baseline, months 6 and 12. Multivariate analysis examined the effects of ART over time, controlling for change in physical health functioning and baseline covariates. Results. Fewer ART patients worked at baseline compared to non-ART patients (25.5% versus 34.2%); 48.8% of those not working at baseline were now working at month 6, and 50% at month 12, with similar improvement in both the ART and non-ART groups. However, multivariate analysis revealed that the ART group experienced greater improvement over time. Average weekly income did not differ between the groups at baseline nor change significantly over time, among those who were working; being male gender and having any secondary education were predictive of higher income. Conclusions. ART was associated with greater improvement in work status, even after controlling for change in physical health functioning, suggesting other factors associated with ART may influence work. © 2013 Annet Nannungi et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84868298059	Evaluation of WHO criteria for viral failure in patients on antiretroviral treatment in resource-limited settings	Castelnuovo B., Sempa J., Agnes K.N., Kamya M.R., Manabe Y.C.	2011	AIDS Research and Treatment	2011	None	10.1155/2011/736938	Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Mulago Hospital Complex, P.O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Medicine, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States	Castelnuovo, B., Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Mulago Hospital Complex, P.O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda; Sempa, J., Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Mulago Hospital Complex, P.O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda; Agnes, K.N., Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Mulago Hospital Complex, P.O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda; Kamya, M.R., Department of Medicine, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda; Manabe, Y.C., Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Mulago Hospital Complex, P.O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States	Our objective was to evaluate outcomes in patients with sustained viral suppression compared to those with episodes of viremia. Methods. In a prospective cohort of patients started on ART in Uganda and followed for 48 months, patients were categorized according to viral load (VL): (1) sustained-suppression: (VL ≤1,000 copies/mL) (2) VL 1,001-10,000, or (3) VL >10,000. Results. Fifty-Three (11.2%) and 84 (17.8%) patients had a first episode of intermediate and high viremia, respectively. Patients with sustained suppression had better CD4+ T cell count increases over time compared to viremic patients (P <.001). The majority of patients with viremia achieved viral suppression when the measurement was repeated. Only 39.6% of patients with intermediate and 19.1% with high viremia eventually needed to be switched to second line (P =.008). Conclusions. The use of at least one repeat measurement rather than a single VL measurement could avert from 60% to 80% of unnecessary switches. © 2011 Barbara Castelnuovo et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84942134689	The impact of customer demographic variables on the adoption and use of internet banking in developing economies	Ameme B.K.	2015	Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce	20	2	10.4172/1204-5357.1000114	Information Communication and Technology Management, Ghana Technology University College, Accra, Ghana	Ameme, B.K., Information Communication and Technology Management, Ghana Technology University College, Accra, Ghana	Whilst most banks introduced internet banking services for the benefit of their customers, the adoption and use of the service had been very low. Strategies to increase the adoption and use of internet banking services eventually lead to the banks’ goal of maximizing profit. It is therefore essential for banks to understand the factors that affect the adoption of internet banking services. The purpose of this paper is to determine demographic factors that influence the adoption of internet banking services in a bid to improving the situation. Due to the limitations in accessing the population of developing economies, a sample of one bank was selected from a developing nation, Ghana. Ghana was strategically chosen due to the high internet penetration rate. Out of 506,203 customers of the chosen bank, only 32,337 customers who subscribed to the internet banking services were used for data analysis. 31, 886 representing 98.61% of internet banking customers were resident in Ghana whilst the remaining 451 representing 1.39% were non-residents, suggesting that the data for analysis represented the behavior of Ghanaians as citizens of developing economies, though the restriction to just one bank may limit the generalization of the findings. Chi-square techniques were employed in the study, using historical data of over eight years. The findings of the study revealed that demographic factors such as gender do not have significant effect on customers in adopting and using internet banking services. The study further concluded that there is a strong correlation between employment status, educational level and customer adoption and usage of internet banking services in Ghana. These findings will help banks to develop appropriate strategies in attracting and retaining their customers, through the design of specific marketing campaigns geared towards certain category of internet banking customers who are likely to adopt and use internet banking services. © 2015 Ameme BK.	Adoption; Demographic; Internet banking; Security	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84861312812	ICT evaluation: Are we asking the right questions?	Gomez R., Pather S.	2012	Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries	50	1	None	Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, United States; Informatics and Design, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa	Gomez, R., Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, United States; Pather, S., Informatics and Design, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa	The evaluation of information and communication technologies (ICT) in development activities has metamorphised through different phases in the last 30 years. In this paper we explore the experiences of ICT evaluation in the broad business environment and draw parallels with the ICT for development (ICTD) environment. The paper motivates the need for a fundamental paradigm shift in ICTD evaluation. We argue that it is not sufficient to focus on the easily measurable tangible and quantifiable benefits of ICT. We motivate that the intangible benefits of ICT on development such as empowerment, self-esteem and social cohesion are more important from a developmental perspective. Consequently, a more detailed exploration of the theoretical and methodological implications of this shift in the ICTD field is warranted.	Development; Evaluation; ICT; Impact; Intangible	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84899818776	Building the South African nation through legal deposit: The impact of legislation on preservation of digital materials	Nsibirwa Z., Hoskins R., Stilwell C.	2014	African Journal of Library Archives and Information Science	24	1	None	Information Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa	Nsibirwa, Z., Information Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Hoskins, R., Information Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Stilwell, C., Information Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa	The legal deposit of and preservation of digital materials depends on the proper legislative framework and implementation of the Legal Deposit Act. This article examines the challenges related to legal instruments affecting the legal deposit of digital materials in South Africa. Two main objectives of the study upon which this article is based were to find out the systems in place to help collect and ensure long term accessibility to print and electronic publications. This included the examination of the legislative regulatory and policy framework relating to preservation and access to legal deposit materials. The different legislations reviewed included the Legal Deposit Act No. 54 of 1997, copyright laws, the Promotion of Access to Information Act No 2, 2000 and the current Protection of State Information Bill of South Africa. Four legal deposit libraries and three Official Publications Depositories (OPDs) were the units of analysis, with a population of 17 staff directly involved with legal deposit. The survey revealed that though the South African Legal Deposit Act covers electronic materials, majority of the depositories did not have policies to manage or collect these types of materials. The greatest challenge that comes with collecting and preserving electronic materials are the multifaceted issues regarding legislation, as well as the preservation of technology used to create, store and access these records in comparison with paper.	Cultural heritage; Digital materials; Legal deposit; Legal framework; Preservation; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84917739018	The Impact of Information and Communications Technology Infrastructure and Complementary Factors on Intra-African Trade	Bankole F.O., Osei-Bryson K.-M., Brown I.	2015	Information Technology for Development	21	1	10.1080/02681102.2013.832128	Information Systems, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa; Information Systems, Virginia, Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States; Information Systems, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa	Bankole, F.O., Information Systems, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa, Information Systems, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa; Osei-Bryson, K.-M., Information Systems, Virginia, Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States; Brown, I., Information Systems, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa	Trade is one of the cornerstones of socio-economic development for Africa. Intra-continental trade stimulates productive capacity and competitiveness in nations through exposing domestic industries to competition. The purpose of this study was to investigate how information and communications technology (ICT) infrastructure impacts on intra-African trade, taking into account other relevant factors that also influence trade such as Institutional Quality and Educational Attainment. Archival data about Telecommunications Infrastructure (a key indicator of ICT infrastructure), Institutional Quality and Educational Attainment and Trade Flows (Export and Import) from 28 African countries were used as empirical evidence. The research employed structural equation modeling with partial least squares to analyze data. The empirical analysis shows that the Telecommunications Infrastructure has a major impact on intra-African trade. Interacting factors such as Institutional Quality and Educational Attainment also play a role in influencing intra-African trade. © 2013, Commonwealth Secretariat.	Africa; ICT infrastructure; structural equation model; trade	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84917726933	The Impacts of Telecommunications Infrastructure and Institutional Quality on Trade Efficiency in Africa	Bankole F.O., Osei-Bryson K.-M., Brown I.	2015	Information Technology for Development	21	1	10.1080/02681102.2013.874324	Information Systems, University of the WesternCape, Cape Town, South Africa; Information Systems, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Information Systems, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States	Bankole, F.O., Information Systems, University of the WesternCape, Cape Town, South Africa, Information Systems, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa; Osei-Bryson, K.-M., Department of Information Systems, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States; Brown, I., Information Systems, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa	One of the dominant issues for Information Systems (IS) researchers in developing countries is to determine the impact of Information Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure expansion on socio-economic development. Generating sustained socio-economic development in Africa depends largely on the ability of nations to make profitable investments and accumulate capital, which could be achieved through efficient ICT-enabled trade flows. Trade supports employment creation and improves national income levels, revenue generation, consumer price reductions and government spending. It is a key driver of African poverty alleviation, growth, economic maturity and human development. Previous research, in particular Bankole et al. [(2013a). The impact of information and communications technology infrastructure and complementary factors on intra-African trade. Information Technology for Development] identified the significant and positive effect of telecommunication infrastructure and institutional quality (IQ) on intra-African trade flows. As part of the ongoing research discourse on ICT for Development, the current article explores the impacts of telecommunications infrastructure and IQ on trade efficiency in Africa, using archival data from 28 African countries. We employed partial least squares analysis, data envelopment analysis and regression splines to analyze data. Our results suggest that IQ coupled with telecommunication infrastructure enhance efficiencies in intra-African trade flows. © 2014, Commonwealth Secretariat.	DEA; institutional quality; MARS; SEM; telecommunications; trade efficiency	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84942254906	Impact oriented monitoring: A new methodology for monitoring and evaluation of international public health research projects	Guinea J., Sela E., Gómez-Núñez A.J., Mangwende T., Ambali A., Ngum N., Jaramillo H., Gallego J.M., Patiño A., Latorre C., Srivanichakorn S., Thepthien B.	2015	Research Evaluation	24	2	10.1093/reseval/rvu034	INNOVATEC, Ronda de Valdecarrizo 41B, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain; African Union-NEPAD Planning and Coordinating Agency (NEPAD Agency), NEPAD Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Economics, University of Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; School of Medicine, University of Rosario, Colombia; ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Thailand	Guinea, J., INNOVATEC, Ronda de Valdecarrizo 41B, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain; Sela, E., INNOVATEC, Ronda de Valdecarrizo 41B, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain; Gómez-Núñez, A.J., INNOVATEC, Ronda de Valdecarrizo 41B, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain; Mangwende, T., African Union-NEPAD Planning and Coordinating Agency (NEPAD Agency), NEPAD Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, Pretoria, South Africa; Ambali, A., African Union-NEPAD Planning and Coordinating Agency (NEPAD Agency), NEPAD Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, Pretoria, South Africa; Ngum, N., African Union-NEPAD Planning and Coordinating Agency (NEPAD Agency), NEPAD Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, Pretoria, South Africa; Jaramillo, H., Department of Economics, University of Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Gallego, J.M., Department of Economics, University of Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Patiño, A., Department of Economics, University of Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Latorre, C., School of Medicine, University of Rosario, Colombia; Srivanichakorn, S., ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Thailand; Thepthien, B., ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Thailand	Impact oriented monitoring (IOM) is a novel methodology for identifying and assessing the impacts of EU-funded research projects in the area of International Public Health. A framework based on the logic and payback categories is used to categorize, into multi-dimensions, the impacts produced by public health research projects. A set of tools, including: 1) a project results framework; 2) a coordinators' survey; 3) an end users' survey, and 4) an assessment tool (scoring matrix), have been developed for both collecting data on results and activities and helping in assessing impacts. The need to know the impact of the projects based on robust data but, at the same time, to minimize the time and resources required of both the EC officers implementing the methodology and the project coordinators providing data on results and impacts, has led to the development of the IOM methodology. The methodology is expected to provide the DG Research and Innovation of the European Commission (EC) with usable information on how the research projects in the area of international public health are producing impacts. More importantly, this information could improve the performance of existing programmes and also form the basis for supporting research policy planning. The IOM methodology can be easily adapted to other ECfunded research areas and also implemented in other countries by institutions responsible for funding research activities. © The Author 2015.	Impact identification and assessment; International public health; Monitoring and evaluation; Research projects	None	261389, EC, European Commission
Scopus	2-s2.0-77649106795	Evaluation of the performance of manganese phthalocyanines as superoxide dismutase mimics	Matemadombo F., Durmus M., Escriou V., Griveau S., Scherman D., Bedioui F., Nyokong T.	2009	Current Analytical Chemistry	5	4	10.2174/157341109789077731	INSERM, U640, Paris, F-75006, France; CNRS, UMR8151, Paris, F-75006, France; Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Unité de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique, Paris, F-75270, France; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Paris, F-75005, France; Rhodes University, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 94, 6140, Grahamstown, South Africa; Gebze Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box: 141, 41400, Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey	Matemadombo, F., INSERM, U640, Paris, F-75006, France, CNRS, UMR8151, Paris, F-75006, France, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Unité de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique, Paris, F-75270, France, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Paris, F-75005, France, Rhodes University, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 94, 6140, Grahamstown, South Africa; Durmus, M., Gebze Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box: 141, 41400, Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey; Escriou, V., INSERM, U640, Paris, F-75006, France, CNRS, UMR8151, Paris, F-75006, France, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Unité de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique, Paris, F-75270, France, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Paris, F-75005, France, Rhodes University, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 94, 6140, Grahamstown, South Africa; Griveau, S., INSERM, U640, Paris, F-75006, France, CNRS, UMR8151, Paris, F-75006, France, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Unité de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique, Paris, F-75270, France, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Paris, F-75005, France, Rhodes University, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 94, 6140, Grahamstown, South Africa; Scherman, D., INSERM, U640, Paris, F-75006, France, CNRS, UMR8151, Paris, F-75006, France, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Unité de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique, Paris, F-75270, France, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Paris, F-75005, France, Rhodes University, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 94, 6140, Grahamstown, South Africa; Bedioui, F., INSERM, U640, Paris, F-75006, France, CNRS, UMR8151, Paris, F-75006, France, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Unité de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique, Paris, F-75270, France, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Paris, F-75005, France, Rhodes University, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 94, 6140, Grahamstown, South Africa; Nyokong, T., Rhodes University, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 94, 6140, Grahamstown, South Africa	Evaluation of the performance of seven variously substituted manganese(III) phthalocyanine complexes (MnPcs) for the dismutation of superoxide radical (O2 •-), as superoxide dismutase mimics (SOD mimics), was assessed using cyclic voltammetry, UV visible spectrophotometry and fluorescence. In a first step, the electrochemical analysis of the MnPcs allows showing the fine tuning of the redox potential of the MnIII/MnII couple which is involved in the dismutation process of O2 •-. Thus, the evaluation of the behaviour of the MPcs as SOD mimics were tested toward O2 •- produced from the xanthine-xanthine oxidase reaction, using cytochrome c and UV visible spectrophometry (McCord-Fridovich assay). All manganese phthalocyanine complexes did not interfere with the xanthine-xanthine oxidase reaction and efficiently dismutated O2 •- with apparent overall catalytic rate constant values ranging from log kcat = 7.81 to 6.62 and improved IC50 (concentration of complex that induces 50% inhibition of the reduction of 10μM cytochrome c) values (0.04 to 0.68 μM) compared to one commercially available Mn porphyrin based SOD mimic (namely manganese (III) tetrakis (1-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin). We used DMSO-treated HL60 cell (human leukemia cells) as a model of O2 •- production, either extracellular production with Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulation or intracellular production without PMA stimulation. With these models, analysis of dihydroethidium (DHE) fluorescence for the detection of superoxide production showed that the examined MnPcs act as proficient superoxide dismutase mimics. The obtained results also showed that four of these MPcs are cell permeant. © 2009 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.	Cyclic voltammetry; Fluorescence; HL-60; Manganese phthalocyanine; SOD mimic; Superoxide radical; UV visible spectrophotometry	None	None
WoS	WOS:000275305700001	A realist evaluation of the management of a well-performing regional hospital in Ghana	Dedzo, McDamien,Kegels, Guy,Marchal, Bruno	2010	BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH	10	None	10.1186/1472-6963-10-24	Inst Trop Med, Volta Reg Hlth Directorate	None	Background: Realist evaluation offers an interesting approach to evaluation of interventions in complex settings, but has been little applied in health care. We report on a realist case study of a well performing hospital in Ghana and show how such a realist evaluation design can help to overcome the limited external validity of a traditional case study. Methods: We developed a realist evaluation framework for hypothesis formulation, data collection, data analysis and synthesis of the findings. Focusing on the role of human resource management in hospital performance, we formulated our hypothesis around the high commitment management concept. Mixed methods were used in data collection, including individual and group interviews, observations and document reviews. Results: We found that the human resource management approach (the actual intervention) included induction of new staff, training and personal development, good communication and information sharing, and decentralised decision-making. We identified 3 additional practices: ensuring optimal physical working conditions, access to top managers and managers' involvement on the work floor. Teamwork, recognition and trust emerged as key elements of the organisational climate. Interviewees reported high levels of organisational commitment. The analysis unearthed perceived organisational support and reciprocity as underlying mechanisms that link the management practices with commitment. Methodologically, we found that realist evaluation can be fruitfully used to develop detailed case studies that analyse how management interventions work and in which conditions. Analysing the links between intervention, mechanism and outcome increases the explaining power, while identification of essential context elements improves the usefulness of the findings for decision-makers in other settings (external validity). We also identified a number of practical difficulties and priorities for further methodological development. Conclusion: This case suggests that a well-balanced HRM bundle can stimulate organisational commitment of health workers. Such practices can be implemented even with narrow decision spaces. Realist evaluation provides an appropriate approach to increase the usefulness of case studies to managers and policymakers.	,ATTITUDES,COMMITMENT,CULTURE,HEALTH-SERVICES,"HUMAN-RESOURCE MANAGEMENT",MODELS,"PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT","THEORY-DRIVEN PERSPECTIVE",VALIDITY,"WORK SYSTEMS"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-14544296163	Effect of feeding cassava fruit coat meal on the nutrient digestibility and performance of broilers	Iyayi E.A., Fayoyin F.K.	2005	Livestock Research for Rural Development	17	1	None	Inst. F. Enährungswissenchaften, Martin-Luther-Universität, Emil-Abderhaldenstr. 26, 06108 Halle, Germany; Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Iyayi, E.A., Inst. F. Enährungswissenchaften, Martin-Luther-Universität, Emil-Abderhaldenstr. 26, 06108 Halle, Germany; Fayoyin, F.K., Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	The replacement value of a by-product of cassava harvesting - cassava fruit coat (CFC) meal - for wheat bran for broiler production was investigated. CFC was produced by milling dried cassava fruits often discarded after harvesting the roots and stems. The CFC meal was used to replace 25, 50, 75 and 100% wheat bran (w/w) in a basal diet for broilers. Seventy-five one-week old broiler chicks were distributed into 15 pens each holding 5 birds. Each of the 5 experimental diets was allocated at random to 3 pens. At the end of the first 4 weeks (starter phase), the diets were switched to finisher diets for a further 4-week period. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum. Data were recorded and analysed on pen basis. CFC meal had a crude protein of 44 g/kg and crude fibre of 149 g/kg. All production parameters, other than mortality, deteriorated as the degreed of substitution of wheat bran by CFC was increased. The apparent digestibilities of dry matter and nutrients were significantly (p<0.05) reduced by dietary increase in level of CFC. It is concluded that CFC can replace up to 50% of the wheat bran requirement for feeding broilers in the finisher phase, but higher levels markedly reduce performance.	Broilers; Cassava fruit coat meal; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894311647	Modelling direct and indirect impacts of browser consumption on woody plant growth: Moving beyond biomass	Moncrieff G.R., Chamaillé-Jammes S., Bond W.J.	2014	Oikos	123	3	10.1111/j.1600-0706.2013.00904.x	Inst. for Physical Geography, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt am Main, Altenhöferallee 1, DE-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175, CNRS, 1919 route de Mende, FR-34293 Montpellier, France; Dept of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, Cape Town, South Africa	Moncrieff, G.R., Inst. for Physical Geography, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt am Main, Altenhöferallee 1, DE-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Chamaillé-Jammes, S., Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175, CNRS, 1919 route de Mende, FR-34293 Montpellier, France; Bond, W.J., Dept of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, Cape Town, South Africa	Models and experimental studies of the impact of mammalian browsing on plant populations typically use biomass to quantify resource pools and herbivore impacts. For many woody plant populations, however, plant height is a better measure of fitness than biomass. We describe a function that links browsing to shoot and height growth by considering both the direct impact of biomass consumption and the effect of bud-loss. The relative importance of direct consumption and bud-loss for height and shoot growth is tested through experimental clipping. Experimental results are used to parameterize and compare the performance of our function. We show that the impacts of bud-loss are indeed significant for both shoot and height growth and may cause the responses of biomass and height to diverge. We also show that our function results in an improved fit to experimental results when compared with a linear function only describing the direct impact of consumption. These results suggest that the demographic impacts of browsing may diverge from the responses expected for biomass based on herbivore consumption alone. Particularly, height growth can be drastically reduced at low and intermediate levels of consumption if the impacts of bud-loss on shoot growth are high. © 2013 The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77952650623	Influence of motivation on students' academic performance	Christiana I.O.	2009	Social Sciences	4	1	None	Institude of Education, University of Ambrose Alli, Expoma, Edo State, Nigeria	Christiana, I.O., Institude of Education, University of Ambrose Alli, Expoma, Edo State, Nigeria	This study investigated, the influence of motivation on students' academic performance. Four research questions and 4 hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The study employed the survey design. The sample comprised of 720 respondents comprising of 640 students and 80 teachers randomly drawn from 16 secondary schools and 15 people from different walks of life. Researcher's self-developed motivational questionnaire (IMOAP) on influence of motivation on academic performance for secondary school students and teachers duly vetted by specialists in educational measurement and evaluation, guidance and counselling and educational psychology were used to obtained information from the respondents. Data collected were analysed using the simple percentage. The results of data analysis showed that: Motivation of students is very important for better output in the academic pursuit. Students' motivation has high positive correlation in their academic performance. There is significant relationship between school environment and structure and students' motivation. Based on the findings some relevant educational implications were highlighted and some recommendations were made. © Medwell Journals, 2009.	Influence; Motivation; Secondary school; Students academic performance; Teachers	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84925261279	Synthesis of CpM(CO)3-DAB and -PAMAM dendrimer conjugates and preliminary evaluation of their biological activity	Hu W., Hoyer J., Neundorf I., Govender P., Smith G.S., Schatzschneider U.	2015	European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry	2015	9	10.1002/ejic.201403060	Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians- Universität Würzburg, Am HublandWürzburg, Germany; Institut für Biochemie, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 47, Köln, Germany; Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, South Africa	Hu, W., Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians- Universität Würzburg, Am HublandWürzburg, Germany; Hoyer, J., Institut für Biochemie, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 47, Köln, Germany; Neundorf, I., Institut für Biochemie, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 47, Köln, Germany; Govender, P., Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, South Africa; Smith, G.S., Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, South Africa; Schatzschneider, U., Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians- Universität Würzburg, Am HublandWürzburg, Germany	Dendrimers of different generations and core structures [diaminobutane poly(propylenimine) (DAB) G1, G2, G3; poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) G1] were chosen as carriers for bioactive organometallic half-sandwich complexes of the type CpM(CO)3 (Cp = cyclopentadienyl, M = Mn or Re) to study the influence of these parameters on their biological activity against cancer cells. Structure-activity relationships were determined by variation of the metal center as well as the type, molecular weight, and number of terminal functional groups of the dendrimer conjugates. All conjugates were characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy as well as HPLC. Their biological activity was determined on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells by the resazurin assay. Interestingly, the most-active compounds were the first-generation dendrimer conjugates. The Mn and Re series showed nearly the same activities. Thus, the cytotoxicity of the dendrimer conjugates does not seem to directly correlate with the type or number of terminal functional groups. Rather, it points to a mechanism of action that is different from that previously observed for peptide conjugates with similar CpM(CO)3 functional groups. Dendrimers of different generation and core structure are used as carriers for bioactive organometallic half-sandwich complexes of the type CpM(CO)3 (Cp = cyclopentadienyl, M = Mn or Re). Interestingly, the most-active compounds are the first-generation dendrimer conjugates, and the influence of the metal center is much less pronounced. Copyright © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.	Anticancer activity; Bioorganometallic chemistry; Dendrimers; Manganese; Rhenium	None	National Research Foundation
Scopus	2-s2.0-33746185191	Effect of enzyme supplementation of palm kernel meal and brewer's dried grain on the performance of broilers	Iyayi E.A., Davies B.I.	2005	International Journal of Poultry Science	4	2	10.3923/ijps.2005.76.80	Institut für Enährungswissenchaften, Martin-Luther-Universität, Emil-Abderhalden-Str. 26, 06108 Halle, Germany; Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Iyayi, E.A., Institut für Enährungswissenchaften, Martin-Luther-Universität, Emil-Abderhalden-Str. 26, 06108 Halle, Germany, Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Davies, B.I., Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Seventy-two male broiler chickens were randomly distributed into groups of 6 totaling 12 groups. Three diets (Diet 1-Basal, maize-based with no enzyme; Diet 2-BDG + Enzyme-based and Diet 3-PKM + Enzyme-based) were formulated and randomly offered to any 4 of the groups. The aim was to compare the performance of the birds on the enzyme supplemented high fibre diets with those on the maize-based diet with no enzyme supplementation. Weight gain and feed intake were significantly (p<0.05) higher on the enzyme supplemented BDG and PKM diets at the starter phase. At the finisher phase, while feed intake was significantly (p<0.05) increased with enzyme supplementation, the weight gain was not significantly affected. The FCR also did not significantly change with enzyme supplementation at the starter phase, but at the finisher phase, feed conversion was significantly (p<0.05) poorer. Carcass measures did not significantly change with enzyme supplementation. Weight of the pancreas was significantly (p<0.05) increased and that of the kidney significantly (p<0.05) reduced in birds on the enzyme supplemented BDG and PKM diets. Apparent digestibility of crude protein, crude fat and crude fibre was significantly (p<0.05) higher with enzyme supplementation. The cost of feed per kg weight gain was lower in the enzyme supplemented diets only at the starter phase. But at the finisher phase, enzyme supplementation did not have any benefit in terms of feed cost. Enzyme supplementation resulted in the reduction of the amount of maize needed in the diets of the birds by 31% and 52% at the starter and finisher phases, respectively. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2005.	Brewer's dried grain (BDG); Broiler; Enzyme; Palm kernel meal (PKM)	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-41549092364	Effect of three sources of fibre and period of feeding on the performance, carcase measures, organs relative weight and meat quality in broilers	Iyayi E.A., Ogunsola O., Ijaya R.	2005	International Journal of Poultry Science	4	9	10.3923/ijps.2005.695.700	Institut für Enährungswissenschaften, Martin-Luther-Universität, Emil-Abderhalden-Strasse 26, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany; Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Iyayi, E.A., Institut für Enährungswissenschaften, Martin-Luther-Universität, Emil-Abderhalden-Strasse 26, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany, Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Ogunsola, O., Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Ijaya, R., Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	One hundred and fifty male broilers were used in a 3 × 3 factorial design to evaluate the effect of 3 periods (4, 8 and 12 weeks) and 3 fibre sources namely; brewer's dried grain (BDG), palm kernel meal (PKM) and corn bran (CB) in place of maize on the performance, carcase measures and meat quality in the birds. A sensory evaluation to determine the overall acceptability of the meat was also carried out. Four diets were formulated consisting of a basal diet containing none of the test fibre ingredients. In the remaining 3 diets, either of BDG, CB or PKM was used to replace 40% of the maize. A separate balance study was also carried out to determine the digestibility of nutrients in the birds. BDG, CB and PKM significantly (p<0.01) reduced the weight and feed conversion in the birds but period of feeding resulted in increased body weights of the birds. BDG, CB and PKM significantly (p<0.01) reduced the eviscerated weights and the weights of carcase parts but period significantly (p<0.01) increased them. Dietary treatment, period and their interaction significantly (p<0.01) reduced the abdominal fat in the birds and caused a significant (p<0.05) increase in the lengths of the duodenum, ileum, caecum and colon as well as the weight of the intestines. Digestibility of nutrients was significantly (p<0.1) reduced in birds on the fibre diets. The shear force values in carcase parts were significantly increased in the BDG, CB and PKM diets while the cooking loss was significantly (p<0.05) reduced in these diets. Period and interaction with dietary treatment also caused a significant (p<0.01) reduction in cooking loss. Tenderness, flavour and juiciness were significantly (p<0.01) influenced by period and not treatment but overall acceptability of the meat was significantly (p<0.05) increased by both factors. Results of the study suggest 1) 40% BDG, CB and PKM replacement of maize has a negative effect on the weight gain and feed conversion of broilers, 2) 40 % level of BDG, CB and PKM caused an increase in the weights and lengths of the visceral organs and reduced carcase weight in broilers, 3) production of broilers up 10-12 weeks on 40% BDG, CB or PKM diet resulted in creased flavour, juiciness, higher shear force, reduced tenderness, reduced cooking loss but increased general acceptability of broiler meat. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2005.	Broilers; Carcass; Fibre sources; Performance; Period	None	None
WoS	WOS:000293025900002	12-month mortality and loss-to-program in antiretroviral-treated children: The IeDEA pediatric West African Database to evaluate AIDS (pWADA), 2000-2008	Azondekon, Alain,Dabis, Francois,Dicko, Fatoumata,Eboua, Francois T.,Ekouevi, Didier K.,IeDEA Pediat W Africa Working Grp,Kouadio, Kouakou,Leroy, Valeriane,Malateste, Karen,Peterson, Kevin,Renner, Lorna,Sy, Haby Signate,Toure, Pety	2011	BMC PUBLIC HEALTH	11	None	10.1186/1471-2458-11-519	Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm), Universite de Bordeaux, ACONDA, CHU Treichville, CHU Yopougon, CIRBA, Hop Enfants Albert Royer, Hop Instruct Armees St Anne, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm), Korlebu Hosp, MRC	None	Background: The IeDEA West Africa Pediatric Working Group (pWADA) was established in January 2007 to study the care and treatment of HIV-infected children in this region. We describe here the characteristics at antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiation and study the 12-month mortality and loss-to-program of HIV-infected children followed in ART programs in West Africa. Methods: Standardized data from HIV-infected children followed-up in ART programs were included. Nine clinical centers from six countries contributed to the dataset (Benin, Cote d'Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Mali and Senegal). Inclusion criteria were the followings: age 0-15 years and initiated triple antiretroviral drug regimens. Baseline time was the date of ART initiation. WHO criteria was used to define severe immunosuppression based on CD4 count by age or CD4 percent &lt; 15%. We estimated the 12-month Kaplan-Meier probabilities of mortality and loss-to-program (death or loss to follow-up &gt; 6 months) after ART initiation and factors associated with these two outcomes. Results: Between June 2000 and December 2007, 2170 children were included. Characteristics at ART initiation were the following: median age of 5 years (Interquartile range (IQR: 2-9) and median CD4 percentage of 13% (IQR: 7-19). The most frequent drug regimen consisted of two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and one non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (62%). During the first 12 months, 169 (7.8%) children died and 461 (21.2%) were lost-to-program. Overall, in HIV-infected children on ART, the 12-month probability of death was 8.3% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 7.2-9.6%), and of loss-to-program was 23.1% (95% CI: 21.3-25.0%). Both mortality and loss-to program were associated with advanced clinical stage, CD4 percentage &lt; 15% at ART initiation and year (&gt; 2005) of ART initiation. Conclusion: Innovative and sustainable approaches are needed to better document causes of death and increase retention in HIV pediatric clinics in West Africa.	,COTE-DIVOIRE,DIAGNOSIS,FOLLOW-UP,"HEALTH-CARE FACILITIES","HIV-1-INFECTED CHILDREN",INFANTS,OUTCOMES,SURVIVAL,THERAPY,TRANSMISSION	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84883671528	Industrial upgrading in sub-Sahara Africa: the competitive impact of China on supplier linkage development potentials of resident Asian entrepreneurs	Na-Allah A., Muchie M., Muchie M.	2010	International Journal of Technological Learning, Innovation and Development	3	3	10.1504/IJTLID.2010.036494	Institute for Economics Research on Innovation, Faculty of Economics and Finance, Tshwane University of Technology, 159 Skinner Street, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Institute for Economics Research on Innovation, Faculty of Economics and Finance, Tshwane University of Technology, 159 Skinner Street, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Research Centre on Development and International Political Economy, Aalborg Universitet, Fibigerstrade 2, DK-9220 Aalborg 0, Denmark	Na-Allah, A., Institute for Economics Research on Innovation, Faculty of Economics and Finance, Tshwane University of Technology, 159 Skinner Street, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Muchie, M., Institute for Economics Research on Innovation, Faculty of Economics and Finance, Tshwane University of Technology, 159 Skinner Street, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Muchie, M., Research Centre on Development and International Political Economy, Aalborg Universitet, Fibigerstrade 2, DK-9220 Aalborg 0, Denmark	This paper argues that the emergent profile of China as a top global exporter of apparel input material is undermining the spill-over potentials of Asian direct investment in apparel production abroad. The experience of subSaharan Africa is presented as an illustration of this claim. Insights from the GVC literature are used to show that Asian investors in Lesotho’s apparel manufacturing business rely principally on China for their input supplies. As a result of this, the incidence of Asian entrepreneurship in the country’s apparel sector is revealed to be associated with significant negative impact on supplier linkage development. Measures to promote local supplier development as well as improve the quality of service deliveries in key infrastructural areas are put forward as interventions needed to encourage firms to look inward for their supply needs. © 2010 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	apparel; China; global value chain; industrial upgrading; sub-Sahara Africa; supplier linkage development	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84886026763	Impact of land use on river systems in Ghana	Ayivor J.S., Gordon C.	2012	West African Journal of Applied Ecology	20	None	None	Institute for Environment and Sanitation Studies, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana	Ayivor, J.S., Institute for Environment and Sanitation Studies, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana; Gordon, C., Institute for Environment and Sanitation Studies, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana	Rivers play significant roles in the provision of water for domestic and industrial purposes. Nevertheless, land use dynamics continue to impact on river catchments which have negative repercussions for river health. This study focuses on land use change in the Okyeman Traditional Area, which encompasses three major river basins namely, the Densu, the Birim and the Ayensu. The study was aimed at investigating causes and impacts of land use change within the three river catchments and how these impacts could be curtailed to safeguard river health and sustainable water supply. Data for the study was derived from analysis of remotely sensed Landsat 7 ETM satellite imagery, and from questionnaire administration. Additional information was culled from the existing literature on land use, land use change, land cover change and related subjects. One major finding was that most of the river basins have undergone massive transformation over the last three decades as a result of various land use activities. The dominant land use types in the basins presently are agriculture, urban development, grazing, residential and transportation and fishing. The study also revealed that mining, indiscriminate waste disposal, water extraction and deforestation for fuel wood and other domestic uses, excessive use of chemical fertilizers and land degradation due to improper agricultural practices are also major land use activities that impact negatively on the river systems. The study concluded that there is the need to streamline land use activities, conserve vital ecosystems like watershed areas and maintain buffers along stream channels as a matter of policy to ensure adequate protection of aquatic fauna and to ensure sustainable water supply.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34250680541	In situ seismic measurements in borehole LB-08A in the Bosumtwi impact structure, Ghana: Preliminary interpretation	Schmitt D.R., Milkereit B., Karp T., Scholz C., Danuor S., Meillieux D., Welz M.	2007	Meteoritics and Planetary Science	42	42465	None	Institute for Geophysical Research, Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G7, Canada; Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 Saint George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada; Department of Geology, 204 Heroy Geology Laboratory, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, United States; Geophysik GGD, Ehrensteinstrasse 33, 04105 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Schmitt, D.R., Institute for Geophysical Research, Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G7, Canada; Milkereit, B., Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 Saint George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada; Karp, T., Department of Geology, 204 Heroy Geology Laboratory, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, United States, Geophysik GGD, Ehrensteinstrasse 33, 04105 Leipzig, Germany; Scholz, C., Department of Geology, 204 Heroy Geology Laboratory, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, United States; Danuor, S., Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Meillieux, D., Institute for Geophysical Research, Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G7, Canada; Welz, M., Institute for Geophysical Research, Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G7, Canada	In order to assist in the interpretation of previous seismic refraction and reflection surveys, a vertical seismic profile was acquired in the Lake Bosumtwi (Ghana) hard-rock core hole LB-08A. No seismic reflections are seen in the up-going wave field obtained, and this observation is consistent with the lack of reflectivity observed in the corresponding 2-D surface seismic profile obtained in earlier studies. Direct down-going P-waves were found both in the cased sediment column from a depth of 73 m to 239 m below the lake surface and in the open-hole "hard rock" section from a depth of 239 m to 451 m of LB-08A. Analysis of the observed travel times indicates a nearly constant P-wave velocity of 1520 m/s through the soft lacustrine sediments. In the hard-rock, however, the P-wave velocity rapidly increases by nearly 30% from 2600 m/s to 3340 m/s. These values are in good agreement with the gross velocity structure obtained in the earlier joint inversion of seismic reflection and refraction data. These values are low relative to those expected for the metasedimentary protoliths, an observation that has been made at other young impact structures of similar size. The low velocities, together with the fact that they increase so rapidly, is suggestive of a decreasing density of fractures and microcracks with depth. Consequently, the seismic velocity trend may provide a proxy measure of damage, and hence, the decay of the shock pressure from the impact point. Validation of this requires additional detailed studies of the porosity structure in the core. © The Meteoritical Society, 2007. Printed in USA.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903215482	Community engagement as liberal performance, as critical intellectualism and as praxis	Seedat M.	2012	Journal of Psychology in Africa	22	4	10.1080/14330237.2012.10820560	Institute for Social and Health Sciences, University of South Africa, P.O. Box 1087, Lenasia, 1820, South Africa; Medical Research Council, South Africa	Seedat, M., Institute for Social and Health Sciences, University of South Africa, P.O. Box 1087, Lenasia, 1820, South Africa, Medical Research Council, South Africa	This article aims to illustrate that engagement is a dynamic and evolutionary process, moulded by contesting ideological, social actor and contextual forces. For purposes of illustration, I draw on a university-affiliated, participatory enactment of community engagement asacase example. The case illustrates that community engagement may assume a form of action, critical intellectualism and praxis. As action, community engagement is oriented towards performance of liberal democracy. Community engagement, as shaped by the critical intellectualism of the Black Consciousness philosophy, reflects community self-affirmation, autonomy and intellectual independence. Community engagement as praxis may be characterised by reflexivity, vision-making and the building of interpersonal relationships. Community engagement is marked by a dynamic interplay between race, power and counter-hegemonic ideology. Copyright © 2012 Journal of Psychology in Africa.	Action; Community engagement; Critical intellectualism; Interpersonal relationship building; Praxis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34548386628	The international performance of the South African academic institutions: A citation assessment	Pouris A.	2007	Higher Education	54	4	10.1007/s10734-006-9034-4	Institute for Technological Innovation, Main Campus, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Pouris, A., Institute for Technological Innovation, Main Campus, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	This article reports the results of an investigation to identify the disciplinary strengths and the international standing of the higher education institutions in South Africa. Even though comparative assessments provide valuable information for research administrations, researchers and students such information is not available in South Africa currently. The Essential Science Indicators database of the Institute for Scientific Information is utilized for the investigation and six South African universities are identified to be included in the top 1% of the world's institutions cited in the international scientific literature. The identified institutions are University of Cape Town, University of Pretoria, Orange Free State University, University of Witwatersrand, University of Natal and University of Stellenbosch. Analysis of the scientific disciplines in which the South African institutions meet the threshold requirements for inclusion in the database shows that the country has citation footprints in only nine of the 22 broad scientific disciplines. The article identifies the international standing of the South African universities in the various scientific disciplines, and elaborates on the consequences relevant to higher education and science and technology policy.	Assessment; Citations; Evaluation; Higher education; Rankings; South Africa; Universities	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84956699999	Determining the impact of industrial wine yeast strains on organic acid production under white and red wine-like fermentation conditions	Chidi B.S., Rossouw D., Buica A.S., Bauer F.F.	2015	South African Journal of Enology and Viticulture	36	3	None	Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Department of Oenology and Viticulture, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Chidi, B.S., Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Department of Oenology and Viticulture, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Rossouw, D., Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Department of Oenology and Viticulture, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Buica, A.S., Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Department of Oenology and Viticulture, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Bauer, F.F., Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Department of Oenology and Viticulture, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Organic acids are a major contributor to wine flavour and aroma. In the past, the scientific focus has mostly been on organic acids derived from grapes or on the transformation of malic acid to lactic acid by lactic acid bacteria, since these acids contribute significantly to the final total acidity of wine. However, the organic acid concentration and composition also change significantly during alcoholic fermentation, yet only limited information regarding the impact of different yeast strains on these changes has been published. Here we report on changes in organic acid (malic, tartaric, citric, succinic, acetic and pyruvic) composition during fermentation by five widely used industrial wine yeast strains in a synthetic grape must (MS300) reflecting two very different, but both wine-like, fermentation conditions. Samples were obtained from three physiological stages during fermentation, namely the exponential growth phase (day 2), early stationary phase (day 5) and late stationary phase (day 14). These different stages were selected to provide more information on acid evolution throughout fermentation, as well as on the impact of nutritional and environmental conditions during aerobic and anaerobic fermentation. Among other observations, some strains (such as VIN13 and 285) were shown to be generally higher producers of most acids in white and/or red wine fermentation settings, while other strains (such as DV10) were generally lower acid producers. The data clearly demonstrate that different strains have different acid consumption and production patterns, and this presents a first step towards enabling winemakers to appropriately select strains for acid management during fermentation.	Acetic acid; Fermentation; Pyruvic acid; Succinic acid; Wine yeast	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908607201	The effect of tasting sheet shape on product configurations and panellists' performance in sensory projective mapping of brandy products	Louw L., Oelofse S., Naes T., Lambrechts M., van Rensburg P., Nieuwoudt H.	2015	Food Quality and Preference	40	PA	10.1016/j.foodqual.2014.09.011	Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland (Stellenbosch), South Africa; Distell Ltd, PO Box 184, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Nofima Mat, Oslovegen 1, Ås, Norway; University of Copenhagen, Denmark	Louw, L., Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland (Stellenbosch), South Africa, Distell Ltd, PO Box 184, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Oelofse, S., Distell Ltd, PO Box 184, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Naes, T., Nofima Mat, Oslovegen 1, Ås, Norway, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Lambrechts, M., Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland (Stellenbosch), South Africa, Distell Ltd, PO Box 184, Stellenbosch, South Africa; van Rensburg, P., Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland (Stellenbosch), South Africa, Distell Ltd, PO Box 184, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Nieuwoudt, H., Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland (Stellenbosch), South Africa	Projective mapping is a rapid sensory profiling method used to obtain overviews of the sensory differentiation in product sets. Elongated projective mapping tasting sheets, i.e. rectangles, have been hypothesised to bring forth more prominent sample differences, while shapes with equal perpendicular bisectors, such as circles or squares, could reportedly be used to visualise more subtle sample differences. This hypothesis was tested in the present study using a set of eight different brandy products, in order to gain a better understanding of the practical implications of using different tasting sheet shapes for different project goals. The results showed that very similar product configurations were obtained with square, rectangular or round tasting sheets. Panellists performed better with round tasting sheets, leading to more accurate results. Square tasting sheets delivered the most different results when compared to round and square tasting sheets. The practical significance of using different tasting sheet shapes to elicit either more prominent or more subtle sample differences could not be established in the set of brandy samples used in this study. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.	Brandy; Panellist performance; Projective mapping; Sheet shape	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79959624575	Violence and culture on women role performance in economic and sustainable development in Nigeria	Arisi R.O.	2011	European Journal of Social Sciences	21	3	None	Social Science Education, Delta State University Abraka, Nigeria	Arisi, R.O., Social Science Education, Delta State University Abraka, Nigeria	Nigeria just like any other African Countries is besieged with harmful cultural practices which tend to regulate womanhood in the Socio-economic as well as political development of the nation. To this extent, this paper will examine the issues of violence against women and the destabilizing effect of cultural practices among women which tends to limit their role in the sustainable development of the nation. This paper will also proffer solutions to the identifiable social and cultural practices which tend to limit the role performance of women in the country.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84905493175	Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf meal as a substitute for antibiotics on the performance and blood parameters of broiler chickens	Makanjuola B.A., Obi O.O., Olorungbohunmi T.O., Morakinyo O.A., Oladele-Bukola M.O., Boladuro B.A.	2014	Livestock Research for Rural Development	26	8	None	Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria	Makanjuola, B.A., Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria; Obi, O.O., Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria; Olorungbohunmi, T.O., Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria; Morakinyo, O.A., Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria; Oladele-Bukola, M.O., Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria; Boladuro, B.A., Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria	An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of three different inclusion levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) as substitute to antibiotics on the performance and blood parameters of broiler chickens. One hundred and forty four (144) day-old commercial Cobb broiler chicks were randomly allotted to 4 dietary treatments of 3 replicates each. Each replicate had 12 birds. The treatments CTL - Control group in which the birds were offered a basal diet and routine treatment with antibiotic (Enrofloxacin via water); MO1 - basal diet with 200g MOLM in 100kg of feed; MO2 - basal diet with 400g MOLM in 100kg of feed and MO3 - basal diet with 600g MOLM in 100kg of feed. The experiment lasted 28 days. Significant differences were observed in the feed intake of the birds while body weight gain did not differ significantly. The haematological parameters measured did not differ significantly. Alanine transaminase (ALT) differed among the dietary treatments. No differences were observed in the other serum biochemical indices measured. Cost incurred per kilogramme weight gain was lower for birds on Moringa diets than birds on the control diet.	Alanine transaminase; Enrofloxacin; Feed intake; Haemoglobin; Serum	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874281205	Performance, hematology and serum biochemistry of west african dwarf goats fed ensiled mixtures of elephant grass (pennisetum purpureum) with lima bean, african yam bean and pigeon pea	Tope A.F., Funmi O., Adewumi A., Sunday D.E.	2012	Kasetsart Journal - Natural Science	46	5	None	Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Obafemi Awolowo University, P.M.B. 5029, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria; Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria; National Agricultural Extension Resea	Tope, A.F., Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Obafemi Awolowo University, P.M.B. 5029, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria; Funmi, O., Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria; Adewumi, A., National Agricultural Extension Research and Liaison Service, Ahmadu Bello University, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria; Sunday, D.E., Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Obafemi Awolowo University, P.M.B. 5029, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria	The performance, hematological and biochemical parameters of 16 West African dwarf goats fed ensiled elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) with pineapple pulp (Diet 1), pigeon pea plant (Diet 2), lima bean plant (Diet 3) and African yam bean plant (Diet 4) were investigated in a completely randomized design. Four goats were allotted to each diet in a 91-day feeding trial; each goat was fed at 5% of its body weight. The results showed that the crude protein, ether extract and ash contents of Diets 2-4 were similar (P &gt; 0.05). The dry matter intake, crude protein intake and neutral detergent fi ber intake of goats fed Diet 3 differed signifi cantly (P &lt; 0.05) from that of goats fed Diets 1, 2 and 4 which were 71.2, 28.8 and 52.7 g per kilogram W0.75 per day (metabolic weight per day), respectively. The highest packed cell volume was observed in goats on Diet 2 (29.3%) and differed significantly (P &lt; 0.05) from that of goats fed Diets 1, 3 and 4. Goats fed Diet 3 had the highest hemoglobin concentration, lymphocyte, monocytes and eosinophils. Goats fed Diet 4 had the highest total protein (70.2 g.L-1) and cholesterol (42.0 mmol.L-1).The highest urea nitrogen (3.8 mmol.L-1), creatinine 97.0 μmol.L-1), AST (51.9 IU.L-1), ALT (6.7 IU.L-1), glucose (3.1 mmol.L-1) and lowest cholesterol (31.2 mmol.L-1) were observed in goats fed with Diet 3. These results indicated that ensiling elephant grass with any of these legumes known to contain high concentrations of anti-nutrients was not detrimental to the health of the goats. Diet 3, comprising ensiled elephant grass with lima bean and pineapple pulp, produced the optimal growth rate and weight gain in the goats.	Biochemistry; Goats; Hematological parameters; Silage	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953347219	Multi-locational evaluation of cowpea grain yield and other reproductive characters in the forest and southern guinea savanna agro-ecologies of Nigeria	Akande S.R., Balogun M.O.	2009	Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry	8	7	None	Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Obafemi Awolowo University, Moor Plantation, P.M.B.5029, Ibadan, Nigeria	Akande, S.R., Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Obafemi Awolowo University, Moor Plantation, P.M.B.5029, Ibadan, Nigeria; Balogun, M.O., Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Obafemi Awolowo University, Moor Plantation, P.M.B.5029, Ibadan, Nigeria	Ten cowpea varieties were evaluated for grain yield and other reproductive characters at three locations within the forest and southern guinea savanna agro-ecologies of Nigeria for two years. Significant effects of year, location, variety and year x location interactions were observed for most of the parameters evaluated. Among the varieties average number of days to 50% flowering ranged from 41.89 to 50.06 days. Pod length had a mean value of 14.90cm and that of number of seeds per pod was 12.35. One hundred seed weight varied from 14.52g to 16.44g. Grain yield also ranged from 915. 14 to 1173.40 kg/ha with IT97D-941-1 having the best yield. Significantly higher grain yield was recorded in 2006 with a mean value of 1137.17kg/ha than 2007 (980.11 kg/ha). Among the locations average grain yield at Ballah (southern guinea savanna), Ikenne (forest) and Ilora (derived savanna) were 1016.56 kg/ha, 884.96 kg/ha and 1274.41 kg/ha respectively. GGE biplot analysis showed that genotype x location interaction was responsible for greater proportion of variation (57.61%). The analysis was also used to identify suitable cowpea varieties for each of the three locations under consideration.	Cowpea; Forest; Grain yield; Multi-location; Reproductive characters; Savanna	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893334213	When to Randomize: Lessons From Independent Impact Evaluation of Reading to Learn (RtL) Programme to Improve Literacy and Numeracy in Kenya and Uganda	Oketch M., Ngware M., Mutisya M., Kassahun A., Abuya B., Musyoka P.	2014	Peabody Journal of Education	89	1	10.1080/0161956X.2014.862470	Institute of Education, University of London, United Kingdom; African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Kenya	Oketch, M., Institute of Education, University of London, United Kingdom; Ngware, M., African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Kenya; Mutisya, M., African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Kenya; Kassahun, A., African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Kenya; Abuya, B., African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Kenya; Musyoka, P., African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Kenya	In East Africa, there is great effort directed toward ensuring that there is learning and value for money invested in universal education policies initiated over the past decade. Kenya and Uganda are two countries that typify this effort. The effort includes the work of research organisations such as Uwezo, which assess learning levels; RTI, which assesses language and early grade reading; and the work of African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), which looks at schooling patterns of different households. All these studies paint a disappointing picture both for the universal access Education for All policy and the large sums of money that have been devoted to achieve it. The verdict is that too many pupils in schools are not learning and too many poor ones are excluded from universal public access. Uwezo reports that 70% of pupils in Grade 3 cannot do Grade 2 work, and 9% of those completing Primary 8 in Kenya cannot do Grade 2 work. Answers are not easy to find, so borrowing what has worked elsewhere has been attempted. This article presents one effort toward finding what can work to improve learning for pupils in early grades. It is based on the idea of "Reading to Learn" implemented elsewhere and attempted in East Africa by Aga Khan Foundation and independently evaluated by APHRC using randomization methods. Lessons presented highlight the role and complexities of randomization in addressing the educational challenges in East Africa. © 2014 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79959780243	Impact of palm oil processing effluent discharge on the quality of receiving soil and river in south western Nigeria	Awotoye O.O., Dada A.C., Arawomo G.A.O.	2011	Journal of Applied Sciences Research	7	2	None	Institute of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Awotoye, O.O., Institute of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Dada, A.C., Institute of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Arawomo, G.A.O., Institute of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria	The study was carried out to investigate the contribution of effluent from a palm oil processing unit on the receiving section of Oluwa River in Ondo State, Nigeria. Temperature, pH, COD, BOD5, major metals (NO3-, PO4-, K+, Na+, Mg2+) and heavy metals (Zn2+, Mn2) as well as TS and TDS were determined in about 45 water samples obtained from various upstream and downstream locations away from the effluent discharge. Data obtained were subjected to statistical analyses of variance (ANOVA). Significant variations exist in most of the chemical variables among the sampled sections. Comparison of the investigated parameters at the various sections of the river with the standard limit of effluent guideline showed that the downstream water is polluted, especially in NO3, Zn2+, BOD5 and COD. The need for a drastic move towards quality and environmental conservation through sustainable development and cleaner technology approach within manufacturing industries in Nigeria is highlighted.	Nigeria; Palm oil effluent; Soil; Water quality	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84928583727	Modelling the impacts of climate variability on crop yields in Nigeria: Performance evaluation of RegCM3-GLAM system	Matthew O.J., Abiodun B.J., Salami A.T.	2015	Meteorological Applications	22	2	10.1002/met.1443	Institute of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Climate System Analysis Group (CSAG), Department of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa	Matthew, O.J., Institute of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Abiodun, B.J., Climate System Analysis Group (CSAG), Department of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Salami, A.T., Institute of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	This study evaluates the capability of a Climate-Crop Modelling System (RegCM3-GLAM) in simulating the regional climate and crop yields (maize, rice, cowpea, and groundnut) over Nigeria. Daily climatic data obtained from a Regional Climate Model (RegCM3) simulation was used as the input data in the General Large Area Model (GLAM) to simulate the crop yields for 11years (1999-2009), and a series of sensitivity experiments were performed to test and optimize the GLAM parameters over the region. The results show that RegCM3 gives a realistic simulation of the Nigerian climate. The correlation coefficients obtained between the observed and simulated climatic variables are between 0.72 and 0.96 at p < 0.01. However, the model slightly underestimates rainfall and maximum temperature in the wet season (April to October) and overestimates rainfall and maximum temperature in the dry season (November to March). GLAM also gives a realistic simulation of the mean and spatial distribution of crop yields in Nigeria. The root mean square errors of the simulations are generally less than 36% of the observed yields. The performance evaluation of the model varies with ecological zones. The model shows the best performance in simulating maize and the worst performance in simulating cowpea over the Savannas. Sensitivity experiments reveal that simulated crop yield is sensitive to model parameters (harvest index, extinction coefficient, optimum temperature, and transpiration efficiency), with both extinction coefficient and transpiration efficiency showing more significant impact. It has been concluded that the performance of GLAM over the country can be further improved by enhancing the quality of meteorological input data. © 2015 Royal Meteorological Society.	Climate variability; Crop yield; GLAM; Performance evaluation; RegCM3; Sensitivity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904136808	Do learning styles influence students' understanding of concepts and academic performance in chemistry?	Kidanemariam D.A., Atagana H.I., Engida T.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	16	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n16p256	Institute of Education, Debre Berhan University, Ethiopia; Institute for Science and Technology Education, University of South Africa, P.O. Box 392, UNISA 0003, Pretoria, South Africa; Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia	Kidanemariam, D.A., Institute of Education, Debre Berhan University, Ethiopia; Atagana, H.I., Institute for Science and Technology Education, University of South Africa, P.O. Box 392, UNISA 0003, Pretoria, South Africa; Engida, T., Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia	Learning styles and instruction have been reported to affect students' academic performance and achievement in science. These reports, however, are too generalized for application to chemistry education specifically. The reports did not take into consideration the combined effects of the nature of chemistry and students learning styles on chemistry instructions and subsequently on students' academic performance. This study was conducted on 167 grade 11 natural science students in two preparatory schools in Ethiopia. It was designed to predict the extent of variation in academic performance in some fundamental chemistry concepts in the topics: Atomic structure & periodic table, and chemical bonding and structure from variations in Felder-Silverman's learning styles. Data were collected through Amharic version of Felder-Soloman's Index of Learning Style (ILS) questionnaire and chemistry tests. The data showed that 1.2% variation in academic performance in the fundamental concepts in chemistry was linked to the variations in Felder-Silverman's learning styles, and this variation was not statistically significant at α=0.05. This implies that the role of learning styles on academic performance on the fundamental concepts considered in this study was not statistically significant. Hence, from this study it is possible to conclude that the influence of learning styles on academic performance is less likely to be the same across fundamental concepts in chemistry.	Academic performance; Chemistry concepts; Chemistry education; Learning styles	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84872222621	Assessment of teaching performance of student-teachers on teaching practice	Oluwatayo J.A., Adebule S.O.	2012	International Education Studies	5	5	10.5539/ies.v5n5p109	Institute of Education, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Faculty of Education, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	Oluwatayo, J.A., Institute of Education, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Adebule, S.O., Faculty of Education, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	The study assessed teaching performance of 222 student-teachers from the Faculty of Education, Ekiti State University, posted to various secondary schools in Ekiti State for a six-week teaching practice during 2010/2011 academic session. The sample included 119 males, 103 females, 78 (300-Level) and 144 (400-Level) students. Data were collected using Teaching Performance Assessment Form designed by the Faculty of Education, Ekiti State University and analysed using frequency counts, percentages, item-total correlations and t-test comparison, tested at 0.05 level of significance. Results showed satisfactory teaching performance of the student-teachers while gender and previous teaching experience had no significant influence on teaching performance of the student-teachers. It was recommended that supervisors (of teaching practice/raters) should be thoroughly trained on the use of assessment instrument for reliable measurement of student-teachers' teaching performance.	Academic level; Assessment; Gender; Teaching performance; Teaching practice	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84856585213	Ordinary level as results predictors of students' academic performance in chemistry in Nigerian Universities	Kolawole E.B., Oginni O.I., Fayomi E.O.	2011	Educational Research and Reviews	6	16	10.5897/ERR11.235	Institute of Education, Faculty of Education, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Institute of Science and Technology Education, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Department of Science, Ora Community Senior High School, Ora-Ekiti, Ekiti	Kolawole, E.B., Institute of Education, Faculty of Education, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Oginni, O.I., Institute of Science and Technology Education, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Fayomi, E.O., Department of Science, Ora Community Senior High School, Ora-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria	This paper examined ordinary level result as predictors of students' academic performance in chemistry in South-west Nigeria universities. It also examined the relationship between the academic performance of students in each level of the university examinations and their corresponding secondary school certificates examination. The sample of the study is made up of 312 chemistry students randomly selected from three universities within South-west Nigeria based on the (proprietorship status) federal, state and private universities. Ex-post facto research design was adopted. The grades of all the chemistry students sampled were selected from the directorate of admission and statistics while the cumulative grade points were selected from chemistry department of the sampled universities. The results revealed that the ordinary level chemistry results related poorly with their respective universities results. The results of the study also showed that there is little or no influence of the mode of entry on the academic performance at all levels and the two examining bodies were equivalent. Based on this finding, it was recommended that both West Africa Examination Council (WAEC) and National Examination Council (NECO) should be used as mode of entry into chemistry department. © 2011 Academic Journals.	Nigerian universities; Ordinary level; Predictors; Students' achievement	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-35948984184	Science laboratory environment and academic performance	Aladejana F., Aderibigbe O.	2007	Journal of Science Education and Technology	16	6	10.1007/s10956-007-9072-4	Institute of Education, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Department of Special Education and Curriculum Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Aladejana, F., Institute of Education, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Aderibigbe, O., Department of Special Education and Curriculum Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	The study determined how students assess the various components of their science laboratory environment. It also identified how the laboratory environment affects students' learning outcomes. The modified ex-post facto design was used. A sample of 328 randomly selected students was taken from a population of all Senior Secondary School chemistry students in a state in Nigeria. The research instrument, Science Laboratory Environment Inventory (SLEI) designed and validated by Fraser et al. (Sci Educ 77:1-24, 1993) was administered on the selected students. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and Product Moment Correlation. Findings revealed that students could assess the five components (Student cohesiveness, Open-endedness, Integration, Rule clarity, and Material Environment) of the laboratory environment. Student cohesiveness has the highest assessment while material environment has the least. The results also showed that the five components of the science laboratory environment are positively correlated with students' academic performance. The findings are discussed with a view to improving the quality of the laboratory environment, subsequent academic performance in science and ultimately the enrolment and retaining of learners in science. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.	Environment; Integration; Material environment; Open-endedness; Rule clarity; Student cohesiveness	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79953155492	Facilities offered by the University of Ibadan (Nigeria) distance learning centre towards learners' academic goal-an evaluation	Adegbile J.A., Oyekanmi J.O.	2011	Educational Research and Reviews	6	1	None	Institute of Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	Adegbile, J.A., Institute of Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Oyekanmi, J.O., Institute of Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	Distance learners in the University of Ibadan, Nigeria unlike other distance learners of different parts of the world are faced with various educational, social and psychological problems associated with the code of distance learning. The facilities offered by the University of Ibadan distance learning centre towards the users' multifarious needs are not sufficient. The level of adequacy of facilities provided by the University should be equal to meeting the needs; otherwise, the objectives of the programme stand the risk of becoming a dismal failure. This study therefore, attempts to assess the level of adequacy of facilities provided by the University of Ibadan Distance Learning Centre for its potential learners to meet their needs. The survey used stratified sampling techniques on the data collected from 1120 subjects among the five participating Faculties of the University - Education, Arts, the social Science, Science, and the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry and employed multiple regression and simple percentage analysis. Three research questions were posed for the study. Distance Learners' Questionnaire (DLQ) with (r=0.91) was the instrument used for data collection. Findings revealed that, most of the facilities are available but inadequately provided for learners' use. It is therefore recommended that, the University of Ibadan, being the premier University in Nigeria, should endeavour to provide its distance learners with latest information infrastructure in order to increase and enhance the programme efficiency that takes care of learners' needs. © 2011 Academic Journals.	Distance learning; Evaluation; Facilities; Learner's academic goal	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84863704186	Impact of interactive engagement on reducing the gender gap in quantum physics learning outcomes among senior secondary school students	Adegoke B.A.	2012	Physics Education	47	4	10.1088/0031-9120/47/4/462	Institute of Education, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Adegoke, B.A., Institute of Education, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	In this study, the author examines the extent to which an interactive engagement approach can reduce the gender gap in senior secondary school (SSS) (age 16-18 years) students' learning outcomes in quantum physics. One hundred and twenty one (male = 65; female = 56) SSS 3 students participated in this study. They were randomly selected from two senior secondary schools from the Ibadan North Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria. There were two groups: the experimental group (interactive engagement) and the control group (traditional lecture method). Prior to the commencement of the experiment, students' scores in a previous examination conducted by their schools were collected and analysed. This was to determine the extent to which gender disparity had been narrowed after the experiment. Three hypotheses were tested. The data collected were analysed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The results show that, generally, the students in the interactive engagement group had higher mean scores in the quantum physics achievement test than their colleagues in the control group. Among the participants in the interactive engagement group, female students had a slightly higher mean score than their male counterparts. These results show that with interactive engagement, gender disparity in quantum physics learning outcomes among students can be narrowed. The author recommends that physics teachers should adopt an interactive engagement approach in physics classes. © 2012 IOP Publishing Ltd.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84915774447	Impact of severe climate variability on lion home range and movement patterns in the Amboseli ecosystem, Kenya	Tuqa J.H., Funston P., Musyoki C., Ojwang G.O., Gichuki N.N., Bauer H.hans., Tamis W., Dolrenry S., Van't Zelfde M., de Snoo G.R., de Iongh H.H.	2014	Global Ecology and Conservation	2	None	10.1016/j.gecco.2014.07.006	Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, Leiden, Netherlands; Kenya Wildlife Service, P.O. Box, 40241-001000, Nairobi, Kenya; WildCRU, University of Oxford, Tubney, United Kingdom; School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box, 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Nature Conservation, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Lion Program, PantheraNY, United States; Panthera, Wisconsin Ave NW WashingtonDC, United States; Directorate of Resource Surveys and Remote Sensing (DRSRS), Nairobi. P.O. Box 47146-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Lion Guardians, P.O. Box 15550-00509, Nairobi, Kenya	Tuqa, J.H., Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, Leiden, Netherlands, Kenya Wildlife Service, P.O. Box, 40241-001000, Nairobi, Kenya; Funston, P., Department of Nature Conservation, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa, Lion Program, PantheraNY, United States, Panthera, Wisconsin Ave NW WashingtonDC, United States; Musyoki, C., Kenya Wildlife Service, P.O. Box, 40241-001000, Nairobi, Kenya; Ojwang, G.O., Directorate of Resource Surveys and Remote Sensing (DRSRS), Nairobi. P.O. Box 47146-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Gichuki, N.N., School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box, 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Bauer, H.hans., WildCRU, University of Oxford, Tubney, United Kingdom; Tamis, W., Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, Leiden, Netherlands; Dolrenry, S., Lion Guardians, P.O. Box 15550-00509, Nairobi, Kenya; Van't Zelfde, M., Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, Leiden, Netherlands; de Snoo, G.R., Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, Leiden, Netherlands; de Iongh, H.H., Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, Leiden, Netherlands	In this study, we were interested in understanding if droughts influence the home range of predators such as lions, and if it does, in what ways the droughts influenced lions to adjust their home range, in response to prey availability. We monitored movements of ten lions fitted with GPS-GSM collars in order to analyze their home range and movement patterns over a six year period (2007-2012). We assessed the impact of a severe drought on the lion home range and movement patterns in the Amboseli ecosystem. There was a strong positive correlation between the home range size and distance moved in 24h before and during the drought (2007-2009), while after the drought there was a significant negative correlation. A weak positive correlation was evident between the lion home range and rainfall amounts (2010-2012). The male and female home ranges varied over the study period. The home range size and movement patterns coincided with permanent swamps and areas of high prey density inside the protected area. Over the course of the dry season and following the drought, the ranges initially shrank and then expanded in response to decreasing prey densities. The lions spent considerable time outside the park boundaries, particularly after severe the drought. We conclude that under conditions of fragmented habitats, severe climate conditions create new challenges for lion conservation due to effects on prey availability and subsequent influences on carnivore species ranging patterns. Stochastic weather patterns can force wide-ranging species beyond current reserve boundaries, into areas where there will be greater conflicts with humans. © 2014 The Authors.	African lion; Climate change; Panthera leo	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84937515316	Effect of supplementation with molecular or nano-clay adsorbent on growth performance and haematological indices of starter and grower turkeys fed diets contaminated with varying dosages of aflatoxin B<inf>1</inf>	Lala A.O., Oso A.O., Ajao A.M., Idowu O.M., Oni O.O.	2015	Livestock Science	178	None	10.1016/j.livsci.2015.05.029	Institute of Food Security, Environmental Resources and Agricultural Research, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Department of Animal Nutrition, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Department o	Lala, A.O., Institute of Food Security, Environmental Resources and Agricultural Research, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Oso, A.O., Department of Animal Nutrition, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Ajao, A.M., Department of Animal Nutrition, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Idowu, O.M., Department of Animal Nutrition, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Oni, O.O., Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	A 12-wk feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementation with molecular or nano-clay adsorbent on growth performance and haematological indices of starter (0-56d) and grower (56-84d) turkeys fed diets contaminated with varying doses (0, 60, and 110ppb) of aflatoxin B<inf>1</inf>. Two hundred and sixteen 1-d-old male turkeys were assigned to 9 diets supplemented with no adsorbent, molecular clay adsorbent, and nano-clay adsorbent and contaminated with 0, 60, and 110ppb aflatoxin B<inf>1</inf> in a 3×3 factorial arrangement of treatments with 3 replicate pens and 8 turkeys per pen. The turkeys were housed in an open-sided, deep litter system, which was partitioned into 27 pens (2×1.5m2) using wire mesh. As aflatoxin contamination increased from 0 to 110ppb, feed intake and weight gain decreased and feed conversion ratio (FCR) increased in starter turkeys, but the adverse effects of aflatoxin were progressively less from those fed the diets with no adsorbent to molecular clay adsorbent and then to nano-clay adsorbent (adsorbent× aflatoxin. P<0.044). Grower turkeys fed the diets with adsorbents consumed more feed and had better FCR than those fed the diets without adsorbent, and those fed the diets with nano-clay adsorbent had better FCR than grower turkeys fed the diets with molecular clay adsorbent (P<0.001). The highest mortality was observed in starter and grower turkeys fed the diet with no adsorbent and contaminated with 110ppb aflatoxin (adsorbent×aflatoxin, P=0.002). As aflatoxin increased in starter and grower turkeys fed the diets with no adsorbent, white blood cell (WBC) and lymphocyte counts increased and packed cell volume (PCV) decreased, whereas aflatoxin had no noticeable effect on those response criteria in turkeys fed the diets with molecular clay and nano-clay adsorbent (adsorbent×aflatoxin, P<0.05). Starter turkeys fed the diets with adsorbents had a greater Hb and monocyte concentration (P<0.001), whereas grower turkeys fed the diets with adsorbents had less heterophil and eosinophil counts (P<0.043) than those fed the diets with no adsorbent. In conclusion, supplementation of aflatoxin-contaminated diets with clay adsorbents seemed to improve weight gain and reduce mortality, and reduce adverse effects of aflatoxin on PCV and Hb in turkeys. Grower turkeys fed the diet supplemented with nano-clay adsorbent had better growth performance than those fed the diet supplemented with molecular clay adsorbent. © 2015 Elsevier B.V..	Aflatoxin; Clay adsorbents; Growing turkey; Haematological indices	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904280719	The impact of animal source food products on human nutrition and health	Schönfeldt H.C., Pretorius B., Hall N.	2013	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	43	3	10.4314/sajas.v43i3.11	Institute of Food, Nutrition and Well-being, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	Schönfeldt, H.C., Institute of Food, Nutrition and Well-being, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa, Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Pretorius, B., Institute of Food, Nutrition and Well-being, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa, Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Hall, N., Institute of Food, Nutrition and Well-being, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa, Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	Throughout the ages the quest for food and drink has influenced humanity's economic, social and political development, and played a role in the organization of society and history. Nutrition (or what we choose to consume) influences the health of human beings and therefore their quality of life. Animal source foods are often the dietary component that evokes the widest array of complex scientific, economic, environmental and political issues. It is viewed as the most expensive component of any diet, yet can make significant contributions to human health through providing high quantities of essential nutrients. In addition to quantity, the high quality of the nutrients in animal source foods is important as high-quality nutrients are more readily absorbed into the human body than lower-quality nutrients from other food and non-food sources. As South Africans increasingly suffer the consequences of inappropriate diets (over-and under-nutrition), the role of animal source foods as part of a healthy diet requires continuous investment in research and extrapolation of information towards appropriate guidelines and recommendations. Although it is often suggested that the intake of animal source foods should be limited because of possible linkages between animal product consumption and health, scientific evidence increasingly indicates the beneficial role that animal source foods can play in preventing and combating obesity and certain non-communicable diseases related to over-nutrition. This article aims to describe the nutritional role of animal source foods as part of a healthy South African diet and presents a review of recent findings related to their nutrient contribution, as well as evidence relating to common health concerns.	Animal source foods; Health; Livestock products; Nutrition	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874169907	The aspect of nationality and performance in a mountain ultra-maratho-the 'Swiss Alpine Marathon'	Eichenberger E., Knechtle B., Rüst C.A., Lepers R., Rosemann T., Onywera V.O.	2012	Journal of Human Sport and Exercise	7	4	10.4100/jhse.2012.74.03	Institute of General Practice and for Health Services Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Gesundheitszentrum St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland; INSERM U887, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Kenyatta University, Department of Recreation Management and Exercise Science, Kenya; IAAF Athletics Academy, Kenyatta University, Kenya	Eichenberger, E., Institute of General Practice and for Health Services Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Knechtle, B., Institute of General Practice and for Health Services Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Gesundheitszentrum St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland; Rüst, C.A., Institute of General Practice and for Health Services Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Lepers, R., INSERM U887, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Rosemann, T., Institute of General Practice and for Health Services Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Onywera, V.O., Kenyatta University, Department of Recreation Management and Exercise Science, Kenya, IAAF Athletics Academy, Kenyatta University, Kenya	Runners from East Africa and especially from Kenya dominate middle- and long- distance running races worldwide. The aim of the present study was to investigate the participation and performance trends regarding the nationality of runners in a mountain ultra-marathon held in partially high alpine terrain. We hypothesized that Kenyan runners, living and training in the Great Rift Valley, a predominantly hilly, mountainous and altitudinous region like the Alps, would dominate also a mountain ultra-marathon because they are accustomed to high altitudes and mountainous terrains. We examined the participation and performance trends of ultra-marathoners regarding their nationalities in the 78-km 'Swiss Alpine Marathon' including 21 km in high alpine terrain where 12,194 men and 1,781 women finished between 1998 and 2011. A total of 1,682 women and 11,580 men, corresponding to 94.9 % of all finishers, originated from Switzerland, Germany, Denmark, Italy, Sweden, Great Britain, Austria, the Netherlands and Luxembourg where only one male Kenyan runner ever participated. Female runners from Denmark, Great Britain, Germany, Luxembourg, Switzerland and Sweden as well as male runners from Denmark, Great Britain, and Sweden increased their participation significantly. Women from the Netherlands became slower whereas women originating from Great Britain became faster. Men from the Netherlands, Denmark, Germany and Switzerland became slower. The fastest runners originated from Switzerland for both women and men. To summarize, runners from Switzerland dominated the 'Swiss Alpine Marathon'. Paradoxically, and interestingly, the Kenyan runners were not dominating the 'Swiss Alpine Marathon'. Further studies should investigate Kenyan participation and performance in ultra-marathons in Africa such as the 'Comrades Marathon'. © Faculty of Education. University of Alicante.	Alpine ultra-running; Endurance running; Ethnicity; Ultra endurance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77949511110	Mathematical evaluation of Tsunami propagation	Eze C.L., Uko D.E., Gobo A.E.T., Sigalo F.B., Israel-Cookey C.	2009	Research Journal of Applied Sciences	4	6	None	Institute of Geosciences and Space Technology, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Department of Physics, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Department of Mathematics and Compu	Eze, C.L., Institute of Geosciences and Space Technology, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Uko, D.E., Department of Physics, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Gobo, A.E.T., Institute of Geosciences and Space Technology, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Sigalo, F.B., Department of Physics, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Israel-Cookey, C., Department of Mathematics and Computer, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	The generation of tsunamis with the help of a simple dislocation model of an earthquake and their propagation in the basin are discussed. In this study, we examined the formation of a tsunami wave from an initial sea surface displacement similar to those obtained from earthquakes that have generated tsunami waves and its propagation through the sea to the shore. Linear shallow water wave equations were employed to explain the propagation of the waves in the open sea, while nonlinear wave equations were introduced to explain the behaviour of the wave near the shore. The influence of the Conolis force on the propagation of tsunami was shown to become very important when the tsunami travel distance is significant in relations to the earth's complete rotation time. The group velocity of tsunami waves, which is the velocity of wave energy propagation and its independence on the wave number was demonstrated. © Medwell Journals, 2009.	Coriolis force; Earthquakes; Sea; Tsunami; Water; Waves	None	None
None	None	Reducing impact of land degradation in Tanzania: Do incentive market based mechanisms work for sustainable land management?	Silas S.R.	2014	Journal of Sustainable Development	7	6	10.5539/jsd.v7n6p1	Institute of Human Settlements Studies, Ardhi University, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Silas, S.R., Institute of Human Settlements Studies, Ardhi University, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Governments have traditionally relied on public budgets, bilateral and multilateral cooperation to support sustainable land management (SLM) activities. However, it is becoming evident that such support will not be sufficient neither can be sustainable to reverse land degradation, particularly in dry and degrading lands. Innovative mechanisms to encourage investments in SLM practices and to promote and enable the adoption of good practices in all land use sectors as a means to combat land degradation and address this challenge are needed. The paper addresses the hypothesis that, in Tanzania, impacts of land degradation can be reduced through the application of incentive market based mechanisms that could be implemented by the land users to ensure dual benefits i.e. environmental sustainability and improved human welfare of the land users. Key informants interviews and the desk reviews were the main methodological fronts used in gathering information. In Tanzania the practiced incentive market based mechanisms can be grouped into public payment systems, Open Trading under Regulation, Self Organized Private Deals, and Eco-Labeling of Products and Services. Components of these mechanisms have been tested in various agro-ecological zones in Tanzania and proved to be useful in the process of enhancing sustainable land management at the micro level. Observations therefore suggest that, some incentive market based mechanisms can work to reducing impact of land degradation at the micro level especially when they are related to improved purchasing power of the land users. In order to reduce the dependence of the governments and reduce donor syndrome in enhancing sustainable land management in Tanzania and elsewhere, there is a need of encouraging the use of incentive market based mechanisms that will have contributions to the welfare of the land users as well as contribution to the reduced land degradation. © 2014 by the author(s).	Crop certification; Forest certification; PES; REDD+; Wildlife management areas	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70350759965	Geochemical identification of impactor for Lonar crater, India	Misra S., Newsom H.E., Prasad M.S., Geissman J.W., Dube A., Sengupta D.	2009	Meteoritics and Planetary Science	44	7	10.1111/j.1945-5100.2009.tb00784.x	Institute of Meteoritics, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States; National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa-403004, India; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, MSC03 2040, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States; P 147/3, Janak Road, Kolkata-700 029, India; Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721302, India; School of Geological Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban-4000, South Africa	Misra, S., Institute of Meteoritics, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States, Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721302, India, School of Geological Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban-4000, South Africa; Newsom, H.E., Institute of Meteoritics, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States; Prasad, M.S., National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa-403004, India; Geissman, J.W., Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, MSC03 2040, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States; Dube, A., P 147/3, Janak Road, Kolkata-700 029, India; Sengupta, D., Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721302, India	The only well-known terrestrial analogue of impact craters in basaltic crusts of the rocky planets is the Lonar crater, India. For the first time, evidence of the impactor that formed the crater has been identified within the impact spherules, which are ∼0.3 to 1 mm in size and of different aerodynamic shapes including spheres, teardrops, cylinders, dumbbells and spindles. They were found in ejecta on the rim of the crater. The spherules have high magnetic susceptibility (from 0.31 to 0.02 Si-mass) and natural remanent magnetization (NRM) intensity. Both NRM and saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM) intensity are ∼2 Am2/kg. Demagnetization response by the NRM suggests a complicated history of remanence acquisition. The spherules show schlieren structure described by chains of tiny dendritic and octahedral-shaped magnetite crystals indicating their quenching from liquid droplets. Microprobe analyses show that, relative to the target basalt compositions, the spherules have relatively high average Fe2O 3 (by ∼1.5 wt%), MgO (∼1 wt%), Mn (∼200 ppm), Cr (∼200 ppm), Co (∼50 ppm), Ni (∼1000 ppm) and Zn (∼70 ppm), and low Na2O (∼1 wt%) and P2O5 (∼0.2 wt%). Very high Ni contents, up to 14 times the average content of Lonar basalt, require the presence of a meteoritic component in these spherules. We interpret the high Ni, Cr, and Co abundances in these spherules to indicate that the impactor of the Lonar crater was a chondrite, which is present in abundances of 12 to 20 percent by weight in these impact spherules. Relatively high Zn yet low Na2O and P2O5 contents of these spherules indicate exchange of volatiles between the quenching spherule droplets and the impact plume.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84855669396	The impact of personality and culture on the job demands-controlmodel of job stress	Györkös C., Becker J., Massoudi K., de Bruin G.P., Rossier J.	2012	Swiss Journal of Psychology	71	1	10.1024/1421-0185/a000065	Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Faculty of Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa	Györkös, C., Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Becker, J., Faculty of Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa; Massoudi, K., Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; de Bruin, G.P., Faculty of Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa; Rossier, J., Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland	Among the various work stress models, one of the most popular has been the job demands-control (JDC) model developed by Karasek (1979), which postulates that work-related strain is highest under work conditions characterized by high demands and low autonomy. The absence of social support at work further increases negative outcomes. This model, however, does not apply equally to all individuals and to all cultures. This review demonstrates how various individual characteristics, especially some personality dimensions, influence the JDC model and could thus be considered buffering or moderator factors. Moreover, we review how the cultural context impacts this model as suggested by results obtained in European, American, and Asian contexts. Yet there are almost no data from Africa or South America. More crosscultural studies including populations from these continents would be valuable for a better understanding of the impact of the cultural context on the JDC model. © 2012 Verlag Hans Huber, Hogrefe AG, Bern.	Crosscultural comparison; JDC model; Job stress; Personality	None	None
WoS	WOS:000273701600004	Process evaluation of the Intervention with Microfinance for AIDS and Gender Equity (IMAGE) in rural South Africa	Bonell, Christopher,Busza, Joanna,Hargreaves, James,Hatcher, Abigail,Kim, Julia,Morison, Linda,Phetla, Godfrey,Porter, John,Pronyk, Paul,Strange, Vicki,Watts, Charlotte	2010	HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH	25	1	10.1093/her/cyp054	University College London, University of London, University of Witwatersrand, Inst Educ, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine	"Bonell, Christopher: University of London","Busza, Joanna: University of London","Morison, Linda: University of London","Phetla, Godfrey: University of Witwatersrand","Porter, John: University of London","Strange, Vicki: University College London","Strange, Vicki: University of London","Watts, Charlotte: University of London",	The Intervention with Microfinance for AIDS and Gender Equity (IMAGE) combines microfinance, gender/HIV training and community mobilization (CM) in South Africa. A trial found reduced intimate partner violence among clients but less evidence for impact on sexual behaviour among clients' households or communities. This process evaluation examined how feasible IMAGE was to deliver and how accessible and acceptable it was to intended beneficiaries during a trial and subsequent scale-up. Data came from attendance registers, financial records, observations, structured questionnaires (378) and focus group discussions and interviews (128) with clients and staff. Gender/HIV training and CM were managed initially by an academic unit ('linked' model) and later by the microfinance institution (MFI) ('parallel' model). Microfinance and gender/HIV training were feasible to deliver and accessible and acceptable to most clients. Though participation in CM was high for some clients, others experienced barriers to collective action, a finding which may help explain lack of intervention effects among household/community members. Delivery was feasible in the short term but both models were considered unsustainable in the longer term. A linked model involving a MFI and a non-academic partner agency may be more sustainable and is being tried. Feasible models for delivering microfinance and health promotion require further investigation.	,BANGLADESH,"CREDIT PROGRAMS","HEALTH KNOWLEDGE",HIV,IMPACT,"INTIMATE-PARTNER VIOLENCE",POOR,TRIALS,"WOMENS EMPOWERMENT"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84944311449	The Grand Popo beach 2013 experiment, Benin, West Africa: From short timescale processes to their integrated impact over long-term coastal evolution	Almar R., Hounkonnou N., Anthony E.J., Castelle B., Senechal N., Laibi R., Mensah-Senoo T., Degbe G., Quenum M., Dorel M., Chuchla R., Lefebvre J.-P., Penhoat Y.D., Laryea W.S., Zodehougan G., Sohou Z., Addo K.A., Ibaceta R., Kestenare E.	2014	Journal of Coastal Research	70	None	10.2112/SI70-110.1	IRD-LEGOS, Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS/CNES/IRD, Toulouse, France; University of Abomey-Calavi, ICMPA-UNESCO Dept. International Dept. in Mathematical Physics and Applications, Cotonou, Benin; Aix-Marseille Université, IUF, CEREGE, UMR, 34 Europole de l'Arbois, Aix en Provence Cedex 04, France; EPOC Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Talence, France; Université Abomey Calavi, Département des Sciences de la Terre, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Cotonou, Benin; University of Ghana, Department of Marine and Fisheries Sciences, Accra, Ghana; IRHOB Cotonou, Benin; Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria, Valparaíso, Chile	Almar, R., IRD-LEGOS, Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS/CNES/IRD, Toulouse, France; Hounkonnou, N., University of Abomey-Calavi, ICMPA-UNESCO Dept. International Dept. in Mathematical Physics and Applications, Cotonou, Benin; Anthony, E.J., Aix-Marseille Université, IUF, CEREGE, UMR, 34 Europole de l'Arbois, Aix en Provence Cedex 04, France; Castelle, B., EPOC Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Talence, France; Senechal, N., EPOC Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Talence, France; Laibi, R., Université Abomey Calavi, Département des Sciences de la Terre, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Cotonou, Benin; Mensah-Senoo, T., University of Ghana, Department of Marine and Fisheries Sciences, Accra, Ghana; Degbe, G., IRHOB Cotonou, Benin; Quenum, M., University of Abomey-Calavi, ICMPA-UNESCO Dept. International Dept. in Mathematical Physics and Applications, Cotonou, Benin; Dorel, M., IRD-LEGOS, Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS/CNES/IRD, Toulouse, France; Chuchla, R., IRD-LEGOS, Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS/CNES/IRD, Toulouse, France; Lefebvre, J.-P., IRD-LEGOS, Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS/CNES/IRD, Toulouse, France; Penhoat, Y.D., IRD-LEGOS, Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS/CNES/IRD, Toulouse, France; Laryea, W.S., University of Ghana, Department of Marine and Fisheries Sciences, Accra, Ghana; Zodehougan, G., IRD-LEGOS, Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS/CNES/IRD, Toulouse, France; Sohou, Z., IRHOB Cotonou, Benin; Addo, K.A., University of Ghana, Department of Marine and Fisheries Sciences, Accra, Ghana; Ibaceta, R., IRD-LEGOS, Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS/CNES/IRD, Toulouse, France, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria, Valparaíso, Chile; Kestenare, E., IRD-LEGOS, Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS/CNES/IRD, Toulouse, France	The first large nearshore field experiment in the Gulf of Guinea was conducted at Grand Popo Beach, Benin, in February 2013, on an open wave-dominated micro- to meso-tidal coast, located mid-way between Cotonou and Lome harbours. The overall project aims at understanding at multi-scale (from event to interannual) the causes of the dramatic erosion observed throughout the Bight of Benin, and caused by the interaction of a large littoral drift with human engineering works. Grand Popo 2013 experiment was designed to measure the processes over the short term and to test the ability of an installed video system to monitor the evolution of this stretch of coast over the longer term. The beach, characterized by a low-tide terrace and a high tide reflective part, experiences a long swell (Hs=1.6 m, Tp=16 s, oblique incidence ∼15-20°). Topographic surveys showed a double beach cusp system interaction and repeated surf-zone drifter runs revealed high flash and swash rip activity driven by wave dissipation over the terrace and energetic swash dynamics at the upper reflective beach. Swash was measured over a cusp system at two locations using video poles. Wave reanalyses (ERAInterim) were used to determine the wave climate and its variability, and to quantify sediment transport. This robust methodology is thought to be replicated elsewhere in different coastal environments in West Africa, in particular with the objective to monitor various sites within the framework of the new West African Coastal Observatory. © Coastal Education & Research Foundation 2014.	beach cusps; energetic swash; erosion; Gulf of Guinea; littoral drift; long swell; low-tide terrace; micro-meso tidal environment; wave reflection	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924785382	Comparative growth performance of male monosex and mixed sex nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus l.) reared in earthen ponds	Githukia C.M., Ogello E.O., Kembenya E.M., Achieng A.O., Obiero K.O., Munguti J.M.	2015	Ribarstvo, Croatian Journal of Fisheries	73	1	10.14798/73.1.788	Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI), Kegati Aquaculture Research Station, P.O Box 3259, Kisii, Kenya; University of Eldoret, Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, P.O Box 1125, Eldoret, Kenya; Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI), Sangoro Aquaculture Research station, P.O Box 136, Pap-Onditi, Kenya; Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI), National Aquaculture Research Development and Training Center, P.O. Box 451, Sagana, Kenya	Githukia, C.M., Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI), Kegati Aquaculture Research Station, P.O Box 3259, Kisii, Kenya; Ogello, E.O., Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI), Kegati Aquaculture Research Station, P.O Box 3259, Kisii, Kenya; Kembenya, E.M., Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI), Kegati Aquaculture Research Station, P.O Box 3259, Kisii, Kenya; Achieng, A.O., University of Eldoret, Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, P.O Box 1125, Eldoret, Kenya; Obiero, K.O., Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI), Sangoro Aquaculture Research station, P.O Box 136, Pap-Onditi, Kenya; Munguti, J.M., Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI), National Aquaculture Research Development and Training Center, P.O. Box 451, Sagana, Kenya	Comparative growth performance of male monosex and mixed sex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was conducted in six earthen ponds each measuring 150 m2 at the Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI), Kegati Aquaculture Research Station. Male monosex and mixed sex of O. niloticus juveniles at an average weight of 12.2 ± 0.02 g and average length of 7.6 ± 0.02 cm were collected from nursery production ponds. The male monosex juveniles were obtained by feeding newly hatched juveniles with feed dosed with 17 α methyl testosterone hormone for a period of one month. Stocking was at 3 juvenile m-2 and feeding was carried out using 28% crude protein diet twice daily for six months at 4% body weight. Selected water quality parameters (dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, electrical conductivity and total ammonia nitrogen) were measured weekly in situ, while sampling for weight and length measurements was conducted on a monthly basis for a period of six months. Specific Growth Rate (SGR), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Condition Factor (CF), and survival rate (%) were measured at the end of six months. Data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). At the end of six months, the average weight of male monosex and mixed sex fishes were 200.8 ± 0.81 g (mean ± SE) and 123.4 ± 0.76 g respectively while the average length of male monosex and mixed sex were 22.4 ± 0.21 cm and 18.6 ± 0.23 cm respectively. The male monosex O. niloticus achieved significantly increased final weight and length, SGR, FCR and CF than the mixed sex O. niloticus (p < 0.05). However, both male monosex and mixed sex fish recorded similar survival rates (p > 0.05). There were no significant differences in mean water quality parameters in male monosex and mixed sex ponds (p > 0.05). The male monosex fish performed better because most energy was spent on muscle and tissue development while the mixed sex fish spent most energy on reproduction activities at the expense of muscle and tissue development. Further studies should be done in other culture systems such as liner ponds, tanks, cages and raceways. © The Author(s) 2015. Published by University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture. All rights reserved.	Growth performance; Male monosex; Mixed sex; Nile tilapia	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33747838015	'My eyes went wide open' - An evaluation of the special needs education awareness course at Molepolole College of Education, Botswana	Dart G.	2006	British Journal of Special Education	33	3	10.1111/j.1467-8578.2006.00428.x	Molepolole College of Education, Private Bag 008, Molepolole, Botswana	Dart, G., Molepolole College of Education, Private Bag 008, Molepolole, Botswana	This article is an evaluation of the special needs education awareness course run at Molepolole College of Education, Botswana. The course directly reflects the Government of Botswana's policy on special education and seeks to provide students with a wide range of skills and knowledge to help them identify and support pupils with a variety of special needs. It also seeks to examine teachers' attitudes towards the inclusion of children with a wide range of learning support needs in the ordinary school. The evaluation was carried out by Gareth Dart, senior lecturer in the Department of Special Needs Education at Molepolole College of Education, who, in this article, reports the views of the first cohort of student graduates to complete the full course. This account also includes feedback from staff at schools who were involved with supervising the students as they did their special education assignments while on teaching practice. Feedback from the students and teachers is very positive in terms of the content and effect of the course although Gareth Dart suggests that a more thorough evaluation will have to wait until the graduates have been in the field some time. In the future, there will be a need to assess the long-term impact of the course upon the practice of teachers; to review the sustainability of this form of teacher education; and to make judgements about the influence that new generations of teachers have upon schools and policies promoting inclusion. © nasen 2006.	Attitudes; Disabilities; Inclusion; Special educational needs; Teacher education	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949536141	Increasing the impact of a business simulation: The role of reflection	Hughes S., Scholtz F.	2015	International Journal of Management Education	13	3	10.1016/j.ijme.2015.06.001	Monash South Africa, Private Bag X60, Roodepoort, South Africa; University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Aucklandpark, South Africa	Hughes, S., Monash South Africa, Private Bag X60, Roodepoort, South Africa, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Aucklandpark, South Africa; Scholtz, F., Monash South Africa, Private Bag X60, Roodepoort, South Africa	The article considers a simulation in the context of experiential learning theory (ELT). Kolb's (1984) cycle of experiential learning involves experiencing, reflecting, thinking and acting. The researchers contend that the impact of incorporating a simulation in a course can be unlocked by purposefully directing student reflection. Cowan (1998) postulates that students should go through a process of reflecting for, in and on action. Through the use of Participatory Action Research (PAR) the researchers developed and propose educational initiatives that can be employed to encourage student reflection and can be categorised according to Cowan's (1998) model. Additionally, the researchers propose a model of integrative reflection, where reflection is less sequential and reflection for, in and on action overlap. Whilst experience, thinking and acting are imperative, reflection is conceptualised as the phase where the potential of learning in a simulation based course can be enhanced. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.	Experiential learning theory; Integrative reflection; Participative action research; Reflection; Simulation	None	None
None	None	Impacts of population pressure and poverty alleviation strategies on common property resource availability in rural Tanzania	Madulu N.F.	2005	African Journal of Environmental Assessment and Management	10	None	None	Institute of Resource Assessment, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35097, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Madulu, N.F., Institute of Resource Assessment, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35097, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	This paper outlines the linkages between population pressure and common property resources availability in Tanzania. It examines on whether population pressure has an influence on diminishing common property resources at the local level and establishes the coping mechanisms of the local communities in response to new circumstances and changing environment. In the course of discussion, an attempt has been made to assess the extent to which population pressure have influenced availability of common property resources at the local level; and identify policy implications and alternatives strategies to cope with diminishing common property resources. Further analysis have been made of the extent to which poverty alleviation strategies at the local level influence non-sustainable use and degradation of common property resources. These issues require a closer examination of the circumstances under which population; development and environment linkages manifest themselves. Whereas the population has shown a continuous increase, there is less information about the rate at which the common property resources are diminishing in response to changing demographic conditions. Similarly, the impacts of various poverty alleviation strategies on diminish common property resources at the local level are not well documented. Small and large-scale mining operations in Mabuki and Maganzo villages has been used as an example to illustrate the transformation in the way local communities use and manage common property resources. The identified long-term implications of the various practices to include increased environmental degradation; accelerated food insecurity, increased poverty, diminishing common property resources, increased land use conflicts, and creation of a landless class at the village level. These implications require policy commitment and support to enable sustainable utilization of common property resources.	Commons property resources; Community conservation; Globalization; Partnership management; Population pressures; Poverty	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-39049147612	Effect of cooking and soaking on physical, nutrient composition and sensory evaluation of indigenous and foreign rice varieties in Nigeria	Ebuehi O.A.T., Oyewole A.C.	2008	Nutrition and Food Science	38	1	10.1108/00346650810847972	Institute of Sustainable Livelihoods, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria	Ebuehi, O.A.T., Institute of Sustainable Livelihoods, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa; Oyewole, A.C., Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria	Purpose - The objective of this study is to ascertain the effect of cooking and soaking on the physical characteristics, nutrient composition and sensory evaluation of an indigenous "ofada" rice and a foreign "aroso" rice varieties in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach - The two rice varieties were freshly purchased in the raw state, soaked in water and cooked. The physical characteristics, such as length, width, weight, colour, purity, breakage, cooking time, dispersability and swelling capacity of the raw rice varieties were determined according to official methods. The raw, soaked and cooked rice varieties were oven-dried at 60°C for 4 h and milled to obtain a uniform surface area. The proximate composition and some minerals of the raw, soaked and cooked rice varieties and the sensory evaluation of the cooked rice were determined. Findings - The physical characteristics showed that "ofada" and "aroso" rice varieties were brown and creamy in colour, respectively. There were significant (p<0.01) differences in the purity, breakage, cooking time, swelling capacity and weight of the whole grain, but no difference in the length and width. The raw, cooked and soaked "ofada" rice contain more protein, fat, and fibre, than in "aroso" rice, but with no change in carbohydrate content. There were no significant (p>0.01) differences in the levels of minerals, Ca, Fe, Mg and P, in raw, cooked and soaked "ofada" and "aroso" rice. Sensory evaluation showed that cooked aroso rice was generally preferred, in terms of colour, aroma, taste, texture and overall acceptability. Originality/value - The methods employed in this study are very simple and the two rice varieties are readily available, acceptable to local tastes and widely consumed in Nigeria. The local or indigenous "ofada" rice is compared favourably with a foreign and imported parboiled "aroso" rice. It is therefore possible for small scale and cottage industries to embark on commercial production and fortification of the local rice varieties in Nigeria.	Cooking; Food testing; Nigeria; Nutrition; Rice	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867360531	Effect of carbon modification on the electrical, structural, and optical properties of TiO 2 electrodes and their performance in labscale dye-sensitized Solar Cells	Taziwa R., Meyer E.L., Sideras-Haddad E., Erasmus R.M., Manikandan E., Mwakikunga B.W.	2012	International Journal of Photoenergy	2012	None	10.1155/2012/904323	Institute of Technology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa; Centerof Excellencein Strong Mterials, School of Physics, University of Witwatersrand, Braamfontein 2000, Johannesburg, South Africa; Nano Research Centre, PNTC, B. S. Abdur Rahman University, Chennai 600048, India; CSIR National Centre for Nano-Structured Materials, P. O. Box 395, Pretoria 001, South Africa; Department of Physics, University of Malawi-The Polytechnic, Private Bag 303, Chichiri, Blantyre 3, Malawi, South Africa	Taziwa, R., Institute of Technology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa; Meyer, E.L., Institute of Technology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa; Sideras-Haddad, E., Centerof Excellencein Strong Mterials, School of Physics, University of Witwatersrand, Braamfontein 2000, Johannesburg, South Africa; Erasmus, R.M., Centerof Excellencein Strong Mterials, School of Physics, University of Witwatersrand, Braamfontein 2000, Johannesburg, South Africa; Manikandan, E., Nano Research Centre, PNTC, B. S. Abdur Rahman University, Chennai 600048, India; Mwakikunga, B.W., CSIR National Centre for Nano-Structured Materials, P. O. Box 395, Pretoria 001, South Africa, Department of Physics, University of Malawi-The Polytechnic, Private Bag 303, Chichiri, Blantyre 3, Malawi, South Africa	Carbon-modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles (C:TiONPs) have been synthesized by ultrasonic nebulizer spray pyrolysis (USP) and pneumatic spray pyrolysis (PSP) techniques. HRTEM on the NPs shows difference in lattice spacing in the NP structures prepared by the two methods2.02 Å for the USP NPs and an average of 3.74 Å for the PSP NPs. The most probable particle sizes are 3.11 nm and 5.5 nm, respectively. Raman spectroscopy supported by FTIR confirms the TiOpolymorph to be anatase with the intense phonon frequency at 153 cm -1 blue-shifted from 141 cm -1 ascribed to both carbon doping and particle size. A modified phonon confinement model for nanoparticles has been used to extract phonon dispersion and other parameters for anatase for the first time. Electronic measurements show negative conductance at some critical bias voltage, which is characteristic of n-type conductivity in the carbon-doped TiONPs as confirmed by the calculated areas under the I-V curves, a property suited for solar cell applications. Practical solar cells built from carbon-doped TiOelectrodes show up to 1.5 times improvement in efficiency compared to pure TiOelectrodes of similar construction. © 2012 R. Taziwa et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956994445	Is the bus transport contracting system in South Africa leading to trusting relationships between contracted parties? An analysis of funding issues and the impact on relations between government and operators	Walters J.	2010	Research in Transportation Economics	29	1	10.1016/j.retrec.2010.07.046	Institute of Transport and Logistics Management (Africa), Department of Transport and Supply Chain Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	Walters, J., Institute of Transport and Logistics Management (Africa), Department of Transport and Supply Chain Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	The 1996 South African White Paper on National Transport policy provided the guidelines for the restructuring of the commuter bus industry. The restructuring objectives were based on improving the competitiveness of and service levels within the industry through a competitive tendering regime, the selective implementation of negotiated contracts and the general transformation of the industry to also include improved transparency in the funding arrangements between government and operators.In order to set the context of the paper, a brief overview is provided of the progress made with policy implementation and the background to funding issues that are experienced in the bus transport sector. To gauge the impact of the funding issues on the relationship between government and operators, a survey of the largest contracted operators was undertaken to determine, amongst other, how these funding issues have potentially impacted on trusting relationships between contracted parties. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.	Funding issues; Trusting partnerships	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-35348947921	Performance assessment and monitoring of water infrastructure: An empirical case study of benchmarking in Uganda	Mugisha S.	2007	Water Policy	9	5	10.2166/wp.2007.022	Institutional Development and External Services Division, National Water and Sewerage Corporation, Uganda	Mugisha, S., Institutional Development and External Services Division, National Water and Sewerage Corporation, Uganda	Performance monitoring and benchmarking are increasingly becoming vital performance drivers especially in utilities where strong tariff incentive applications are not readily applicable. In this paper, performance improvement initiatives in the National Water and Sewerage Corporation (NWSC), Uganda are presented, incorporating practical benchmarking and performance monitoring approaches. A detailed empirical study of the influence of commercial/customer orientation on technical efficiency is outlined using stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) benchmarking techniques. After a long spell of heavy engineering orientation in a water utility, a shift to significant commercial/customer orientation is positively associated with a reduction in technical inefficiency. © IWA Publishing 2007.	Benchmarking; Commercial orientation; Customer orientation; Monitoring; Stochastic frontier analysis (SFA)	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34250323557	Using internal incentive contracts to improve water utility performance: The case of Uganda's NWSC	Mugisha S., Berg S.V., Muhairwe W.T.	2007	Water Policy	9	3	10.2166/wp.2007.010	Institutional Development and Performance Management Expert, National Water and Sewerage Corporation, Plot 23, Jinja Road, Kampala, Uganda; Public Utility Research Center, University of Florida, Warrington College of Business, PO Box 117142, Gainesville, FL 32611-7142, United States	Mugisha, S., Institutional Development and Performance Management Expert, National Water and Sewerage Corporation, Plot 23, Jinja Road, Kampala, Uganda; Berg, S.V., Public Utility Research Center, University of Florida, Warrington College of Business, PO Box 117142, Gainesville, FL 32611-7142, United States; Muhairwe, W.T., Institutional Development and Performance Management Expert, National Water and Sewerage Corporation, Plot 23, Jinja Road, Kampala, Uganda	The achievement of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015 requires significant managerial innovation and creativity, especially in low-income countries where utility inefficiencies are still most prevalent. This paper describes approaches that have been used in Uganda's National Water and Sewerage Corporation (NWSC). We outline the potential for internal incentive contracts in delivering efficiency gains under public - public water management settings. No simple recipe for promoting efficiency exists. However, this paper highlights useful ingredients, including proper contract framework design, competition for managerial responsibility, effective business planning, performance monitoring and the use of managerial incentives. We conclude that these factors require careful consideration during the planning and implementation of incentive contracts. © IWA Publishing 2007.	Contracts; Incentives; Performance; Uganda; Water utility	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939635274	Impact of the energy-loss spatial profile and shear-viscosity to entropy-density ratio for the Mach cone versus head-shock signals produced by a fast-moving parton in a quark-gluon plasma	Ayala A., Castaño-Yepes J.D., Dominguez I., Tejeda-Yeomans M.E.	2015	Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics	92	2	10.1103/PhysRevC.92.024910	Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-543, México Distrito Federal, Mexico; Centre for Theoretical and Mathematical Physics, Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa; Facultad de Ciencias Físico-Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Avenida de las Américas y Boulevard Universitarios, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico; Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sonora, Boulevard Luis Encinas J. y Rosales, Colonia Centro, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico	Ayala, A., Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-543, México Distrito Federal, Mexico, Centre for Theoretical and Mathematical Physics, Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa; Castaño-Yepes, J.D., Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-543, México Distrito Federal, Mexico; Dominguez, I., Facultad de Ciencias Físico-Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Avenida de las Américas y Boulevard Universitarios, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico; Tejeda-Yeomans, M.E., Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-543, México Distrito Federal, Mexico, Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sonora, Boulevard Luis Encinas J. y Rosales, Colonia Centro, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico	We compute the energy and momentum deposited by a fast-moving parton in a quark-gluon plasma using linear viscous hydrodynamics with an energy loss per unit length profile proportional to the path length and with different values of the shear-viscosity to entropy-density ratio. We show that when varying these parameters, the transverse modes dominate over the longitudinal ones and thus energy and momentum is preferentially deposited along the head-shock, as in the case of a constant energy loss per unit length profile and the lowest value for the shear-viscosity to entropy-density ratio. © 2015 American Physical Society. ©2015 American Physical Society.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84938151874	The CIB-lensing bispectrum: Impact on primordial non-gaussianity and detectability for the Planck mission	Curto A., Tucci M., Kunz M., Martínez-González E.	2015	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society	450	4	10.1093/mnras/stv849	Instituto de Física de Cantabria, CSIC, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. de los Castros s/n, Santander, Spain; Astrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, Madingley Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Kavli Institute for Cosmology Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Département de Physique Théorique, Center for Astroparticle Physics, Université de Genève, 24 quai Ansermet, Genève 4, Switzerland; African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, 6 Melrose Road, Muizenberg, South Africa	Curto, A., Instituto de Física de Cantabria, CSIC, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. de los Castros s/n, Santander, Spain, Astrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, Madingley Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Kavli Institute for Cosmology Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Tucci, M., Département de Physique Théorique, Center for Astroparticle Physics, Université de Genève, 24 quai Ansermet, Genève 4, Switzerland; Kunz, M., Département de Physique Théorique, Center for Astroparticle Physics, Université de Genève, 24 quai Ansermet, Genève 4, Switzerland, African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, 6 Melrose Road, Muizenberg, South Africa; Martínez-González, E., Instituto de Física de Cantabria, CSIC, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. de los Castros s/n, Santander, Spain	We characterize the cosmic infrared background (CIB)-lensing bispectrum which is one of the contributions to the three-point functions of cosmic microwave background (CMB) maps in harmonic space. We show that the CIB-lensing bispectrum has a considerable strength and that it can be detected with high significance in the Planck high-frequency maps. We also present forecasts of the contamination on different shapes of the primordial non-Gaussianity f<inf>nl</inf> parameter produced by the CIB-lensing bispectrum and by the extragalactic point sources bispectrum in the Planck high-resolution CMB anisotropy maps. The local, equilateral and orthogonal shapes are considered for 'raw' single-frequency (i.e. without applying any component separation technique) and foreground-reduced Planck temperaturemaps. The CIB-lensing correlation seems to mainly affect orthogonal shapes of the bispectrum-with Δf (ort) <inf>nl</inf> = -21 and -88 for the 143 and 217 GHz bands, respectively-while point sources mostly impact equilateral shapes, with Δf (eq) <inf>nl</inf> = 160, 54 and 60 at 100, 143 and 217 GHz. However, the results indicate that these contaminants do not induce any relevant bias on Planck f<inf>nl</inf> estimates when foreground-reduced maps are considered: using SEVEM for the component separation, we obtain Δf (ort) <inf>nl</inf> = 10.5 due to the CIB-lensing and Δf (eq) <inf>nl</inf> = 30.4 due to point sources, corresponding to 0.3σ and 0.45σ in terms of the Planck 2013 fnl uncertainty. The component separation technique is, in fact, able to partially clean the extragalactic source contamination and the bias is reduced for all the shapes. We have further developed singleand multiple-frequency estimators based on the Komatsu, Spergel & Wandelt formalism that can be implemented to efficiently detect this signal. © 2015 The Authors.	Infrared: diffuse background; Methods: data analysis; Methods: statistical; Radio continuum: galaxies	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-46849114323	Evaluation of physical properties and soil carbon and nitrogen stocks as affected by burning or green trash management of sugarcane [Avaliação de atributos físicos e estoques de carbono e nitrogênio em solos com queima e sem queima de canavial]	De Luca E.F., Feller C., Cerri C.C., Barthès B., Chaplot V., Campos D.C., Manechini C.	2008	Revista Brasileira de Ciencia do Solo	32	2	None	Instituto Florestal de São Paulo - IF, Horto Navarro de Andrade, CEP13500-970 Rio Claro (SP), Brazil; Institut de Rechèrche pour le Dévelopment, França, France; Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo - CENA/USP, Av. Centenário 303, CEP 13400-970 Piracicaba (SP), Brazil; IRD/SBEEH, University of Kwazulu, Natal Box X01 Scootsville, 3209 África do Sul, South Africa; Usina São Martinho S/A, Fazenda São Martinho, CEP 14850-000 Pradopólis (SP), Brazil	De Luca, E.F., Instituto Florestal de São Paulo - IF, Horto Navarro de Andrade, CEP13500-970 Rio Claro (SP), Brazil; Feller, C., Institut de Rechèrche pour le Dévelopment, França, France; Cerri, C.C., Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo - CENA/USP, Av. Centenário 303, CEP 13400-970 Piracicaba (SP), Brazil; Barthès, B., Institut de Rechèrche pour le Dévelopment, França, France; Chaplot, V., IRD/SBEEH, University of Kwazulu, Natal Box X01 Scootsville, 3209 África do Sul, South Africa; Campos, D.C., Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo - CENA/USP, Av. Centenário 303, CEP 13400-970 Piracicaba (SP), Brazil; Manechini, C., Usina São Martinho S/A, Fazenda São Martinho, CEP 14850-000 Pradopólis (SP), Brazil	Brazil is the world's largest sugarcane producer, so changes in sugarcane management in Brazil can affect the environment to a great extent. During almost one century, studies were carried out in cropping systems involving pre-harvest burning of aerial sugarcane residues. Nowadays the green trash management of sugarcane residues has become a common practice, although the effects are still poorly documented. The objective of this work was to compare topsoil carbon and nitrogen stocks, aggregation and bulk density in Brazilian sugarcane plantations where aerial residues were either burned (Cq) or left on the soil surface (Sq) after harvest. The study was carried out in three plantations, one on a clayey soil (Latossolo Vermelho, LVdf, i.e. Typic Hapludox) and two on sandy soils (Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo, PVAd, i.e. Typic Hapludult, and Neossolo Quartzarênico, RQo, i.e. Quartzpsamment). On each plantation, the experimental design included six replications per treatment. After three crops, the accumulated aerial residue biomass in Sq treatment amounted to 40 t ha -1 of DM from which 4.5 and 3.61 ha-1 of DM (i.e. 11 and 9%) were still present at the soil surface in LVdf and RQo, respectively. This represented 1.60 and 1.351 ha-1 of C and 0.022 and 0.021 t ha -1 of N, respectively. As a result, soil carbon at a 0-20 cm depth increased by 6.3 and 4.71 ha-1 in LVdf and RQo, respectively. Over the three-year period, the rate of carbon sequestration in the litter and topsoil in the Sq treatment was 2.63 and 2.02 t ha-1 yr-1 in LVdf and RQo, respectively. Topsoil content of stable macroaggregates was also higher with Sq than with Cq: 814 vs. 693 g kg-1 in LVdf, and 516 vs, 420 g kg-1 in RQo, respectively. On the other hand, Sq caused topsoil compaction (PVAd and RQo) due to the mechanized harvest system. In the Brazilian soils under study, green trash management of sugarcane residues improved the topsoil properties and promoted carbon and nitrogen sequestration in the litter and topsoil.	Aggregate stability; Burning; Mechanized harvest; Soil cover	None	None
WoS	WOS:000304290300010	Impact of modern agricultural technologies on smallholder welfare: Evidence from Tanzania and Ethiopia	Asfaw, Solomon,Lipper, Leslie,Shiferaw, Bekele,Simtowe, Franklin	2012	FOOD POLICY	37	3	10.1016/j.foodpol.2012.02.013	Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr CIMMYT, UN	None	This paper evaluates the potential impact of adoption of improved legume technologies on rural household welfare measured by consumption expenditure in rural Ethiopia and Tanzania. The study utilizes cross-sectional farm household level data collected in 2008 from a randomly selected sample of 1313 households (700 in Ethiopia and 613 in Tanzania). The causal impact of technology adoption is estimated by utilizing endogenous switching regression. This helps us estimate the true welfare effect of technology adoption by controlling for the role of selection problem on production and adoption decisions. Our analysis reveals that adoption of improved agricultural technologies has a significant positive impact consumption expenditure (in per adult equivalent terms) in rural Ethiopia and Tanzania. This confirms the potential role of technology adoption in improving rural household welfare as higher consumption expenditure from improved technologies translate into lower poverty, higher food security and greater ability to withstand risk. An analysis of the determinants of adoption highlighted inadequate local supply of seed, access to information and perception about the new cultivars as key constraints for technology adoption. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	"endogenous switching",ETHIOPIA,"household welfare","IMPACT ASSESSMENT","SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA",Tanzania,"technology adoption",ADOPTION,ALLEVIATION,NIGERIA,PIGEONPEA,"POVERTY REDUCTION",PRODUCTIVITY,SERVICES,UGANDA	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84938153218	Combination Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV in Rwandan Adults: Clinical Outcomes and Impact on Reproductive Health up to 24 Months	Asiimwe-Kateera B., Veldhuijzen N., Balinda J.P., Rusine J., Eagle S., Vyankandondera J., Mugabekazi J., Ondoa P., Boer K., Asiimwe A., Lange J., Reiss P., Van De Wijgert J.	2015	AIDS Research and Treatment	2015	None	10.1155/2015/740212	INTERACT Program, Kigali, Rwanda; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda; Academic Medical Center, Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University, Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Treatment and Research for AIDS Center, Kigali, Rwanda; National Reference Laboratory, Kigali, Rwanda; Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Kigali University, Teaching Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda; Rinda Ubuzima, Kigali, Rwanda; Biomedical Research, Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Ministry of Health of Rwanda, Rwanda	Asiimwe-Kateera, B., INTERACT Program, Kigali, Rwanda, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda; Veldhuijzen, N., Academic Medical Center, Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University, Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Balinda, J.P., Treatment and Research for AIDS Center, Kigali, Rwanda; Rusine, J., National Reference Laboratory, Kigali, Rwanda; Eagle, S., Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Vyankandondera, J., Kigali University, Teaching Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda, Rinda Ubuzima, Kigali, Rwanda; Mugabekazi, J., Kigali University, Teaching Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda; Ondoa, P., Academic Medical Center, Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Boer, K., INTERACT Program, Kigali, Rwanda, Academic Medical Center, Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Biomedical Research, Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Asiimwe, A., Ministry of Health of Rwanda, Rwanda; Lange, J., Academic Medical Center, Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Reiss, P., Academic Medical Center, Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Van De Wijgert, J., Academic Medical Center, Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Rinda Ubuzima, Kigali, Rwanda	Adult women (n=113) and men (n=100) initiating combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and women not yet eligible for cART (n=199) in Kigali, Rwanda, were followed for 6-24 months between 2007 and 2010. In the cART groups, 21% of patients required a drug change due to side effects and 11% of patients had virological failure (defined as >1,000 HIV RNA copies/mL) after 12 months of cART. About a third of the pregnancies since HIV diagnosis were unintended. The proportion of women in the pre-cART group using modern contraception other than condoms (50%) was similar to women in the general population, but this proportion was only 25% in women initiating cART. Of the women who carried at least one pregnancy to term since having been diagnosed HIV-positive, a third reported to have participated in a prevention-of-mother-to-child-transmission (PMTCT, option A) intervention. Many patients were coinfected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (79-92%), human papillomavirus (38-53%), and bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) with no differences between groups. We applaud the Rwandan government for having strengthened family planning and PMTCT services and for having introduced HPV vaccination in recent years, but additional work is needed to strengthen STI and HPV-related cancer screening and management in the HIV-positive population. © 2015 Brenda Asiimwe-Kateera et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-65149083096	Transferability of management innovation to Africa: A study of two multinational companies' performance management system in Nigeria	Mamman A., Baydoun N., Adeoye B.	2009	Global Business Review	10	1	10.1177/097215090801000101	International and Comparative Management, Institute for Development Policy and Management, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom; School of E-Business and Quality Management, ETQM College, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; KPMG Professio	Mamman, A., International and Comparative Management, Institute for Development Policy and Management, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom; Baydoun, N., School of E-Business and Quality Management, ETQM College, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; Adeoye, B., KPMG Professional Services, 18A Temple Road, Ikoyi, Lagos, Nigeria	Horwitz et al. (2006: 807) have argued that the debate regarding convergence/divergence perspectives in the cross-cultural diffusion of human resource management (HRM) practices is a somewhat simplistic one.™ The authors are of the view that because convergent similarity of HRM practice exists at a nominal level, the notions of hybridization and crossvergence are better in explaining HRM practices and their diffusion across countries. While the authors focused on exploring explanations of the differences in HRM practices, the article provocatively challenges researchers and experts to explore the question of whether Multinational Companies (MNCs) should adapt Human Resource Management Innovation (HRMI) and if so, why? And how? The main aim of this article is to investigate the following questions: (a) Given that MNCs transfer HRMI to developing countries, which policy should guide the transfer (polycentric or ethnocentric?); and (b) Given that host-country nationals (HCNs) are not passive recipients of HRMI, what are the implications of the policy (polycentric or ethnocentric) for MNCs? The result of our investigation and the review of literature suggest that the MNCs™ performance management (PM) policies are partially ethnocentric, but the practice, as perceived by some HCNs (employees), is polycentric. For example, some HCNs perceive some degree of nepotism and patronage in the system. Also, many felt that their line managers were biased against them. Similarly, a significant number of HCNs felt that their views are not taken into account during PM review and they do not receive feedback from their managers. The implications of the findings are then discussed.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874375010	Improving maize (Zea Mays L.) performance in semi-arid zimbabwe through micro-dosing with ammonium nitrate tablets	Mashingaidze N., Belder P., Twomlow S., Hove L., Moyo M.	2013	Experimental Agriculture	49	2	10.1017/S0014479712001020	International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics, ICRISAT-Bulawayo, Matopos Research Station, P.O. Box 776, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe; Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	Mashingaidze, N., International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics, ICRISAT-Bulawayo, Matopos Research Station, P.O. Box 776, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Belder, P., International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics, ICRISAT-Bulawayo, Matopos Research Station, P.O. Box 776, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe; Twomlow, S., International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics, ICRISAT-Bulawayo, Matopos Research Station, P.O. Box 776, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe; Hove, L., International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics, ICRISAT-Bulawayo, Matopos Research Station, P.O. Box 776, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe; Moyo, M., International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics, ICRISAT-Bulawayo, Matopos Research Station, P.O. Box 776, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe	Although the application of small quantities of nitrogen (N) fertiliser has improved cereal yields on low-input farms in semi-arid Zimbabwe, the practice is reported to be laborious and time-consuming by farmers. In an effort to make micro-dosing less labour-intensive and more precise, an ammonium nitrate (AN) tablet, the equivalent of a micro-dose of prill AN (28 kg N ha-1) applied per maize plant, was developed by International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics in collaboration with Agri-Seeds, Zimbabwe. This study characterized the physical stability, chemical (N% and solubility) and agronomic performance of AN tablets compared with prill AN. Only 10% of tablets broke when dropped from 2 m, showing that they are physically stable and can handle rough treatment. The N content in the tablets (33.3%) was comparable to that in prill AN (34.6%). However, the tablet formulation took twice as long to dissolve than prill AN when placed on a wet soil. Despite this difference in solubility, simple leaching column experiments suggest that less than 2% of the total AN applied was lost due to leaching. Agronomic trials were superimposed on the paired-plot demonstrations used to promote micro-dosing and the conservation agriculture tillage technique of planting basins from 2005 to 2008. Each tillage (plough and basins) plot was subdivided into three sub-plots on which no AN, prill AN and tableted AN treatments were superimposed. Maize was planted and management of plots was left to farmers. Micro-dosing with either prill or tableted AN significantly (p &lt; 0.001) increased maize grain yield by over 40% in all seasons for planting basins. However, on the ploughed plot there was no yield benefit to using either AN formulation in the season with the lowest rainfall (2006-2007). There was no significant difference in grain yield and agronomic N use efficiency between prill and tableted AN formulations except for the 2005-2006 season in planting basins. During this season, in planting basins, tableted AN had significantly (p &lt; 0.001) higher rainwater productivity than prill AN, which translated into greater grain yield. In addition, the maximum benefit to micro-dosing was observed to accrue when combined with water harvesting techniques such as planting basins. An observation supported by the host farmers, who in the second and third seasons chose to apply available basal soil fertility amendments to the basin plots over the flat plots. Thus, AN tablets if available at an affordable price can be used by smallholder farmers to more precisely apply N fertiliser. Future work should focus on the labour issues of micro-dosing, and making cost-effective tablets available to resource-poor farmers and also addressing other limiting soil nutrients. Copyright © 2012 Cambridge University Press.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77954135417	What impact are EU supermarket standards having on developing countries' export of high-value horticultural products? Evidence from Kenya	Asfaw S., Mithöfer D., Waibel H.	2010	Journal of International Food and Agribusiness Marketing	22	3	10.1080/08974431003641398	International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), PO Box 39063-00623, Nairobi, Kenya; World Agro-Forestry Centre, Nairobi, Kenya; Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany	Asfaw, S., International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), PO Box 39063-00623, Nairobi, Kenya; Mithöfer, D., World Agro-Forestry Centre, Nairobi, Kenya; Waibel, H., Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany	European Union retailers are setting global benchmarks for the production of fresh food and are asking their suppliers for produce to be certified according to food safety and quality standards. Compliance with these standards for developing countries' small-scale producers entails costly investment in variable inputs and longterm structures. Limited empirical evidence exists either to refute or confirm the concern that the proliferation and enhanced stringency of these standards marginalize smallholders from the global market. This paper therefore explores the costs of compliance, factors explaining the smallholder decision to adopt EU private quality standards, and the impacts of the standards on farm financial performance. We develop a 2-stage standard treatment effect model to account for self-selection as a source of endogeneity. Analysis is based on a random cross section sample of 439 small-scale export vegetable producers in Kenya whose production was monitored in 2005-2006. We demonstrate that adopters and nonadopters are distinguishable by their asset holding and household wealth, access to services, labor endowment, and level of education. Once we control for the endogeneity problem, we find that small-scale producers can benefit substantially from adopting the standards at the farm level. © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.	Adoption; EurepGAP standards; Export vegetables; Impact assessment; Kenya	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84855167416	Drought impacts and related risk management by smallholder farmers in developing countries: Evidence from Awash River Basin, Ethiopia	Murendo C., Keil A., Zeller M.	2011	Risk Management	13	4	10.1057/rm.2011.17	International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, P.O. Box 776, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe; Department of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70593, Germany; Rural Development Theory and Policy, Department of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70593, Germany	Murendo, C., International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, P.O. Box 776, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe; Keil, A., Department of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70593, Germany; Zeller, M., Rural Development Theory and Policy, Department of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70593, Germany	In this article, we analyze the effects of drought on Ethiopian rural households' food security and associated risk management strategies. Severe droughts have led to a significant depression of crop yields and death of livestock in the past. Droughts have drastically increased the proportion of food-insecure households and lengthened the duration of food insecurity in the area. Ex-ante adaptation strategies widely practised in the area include storage of crop residues as fodder for livestock, rearing of drought tolerant livestock, mixed cropping, use of short-duration crop varieties, and adoption of soil and water conservation practices. Ex-post coping strategies utilized by households include sale of assets and reliance on support from informal networks. Training farmers in the production and conservation of livestock fodder as well as in soil and water conservation practices appear to be key options relevant to strengthen farmers capacity to adapt to and cope with drought. © 2011 Macmillan Publishers Ltd.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000259794900001	Impact of cooperatives on smallholders' commercialization behavior: evidence from Ethiopia	Bernard, Tanguy,Gabre-Madhin, Eleni,Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum	2008	AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS	39	2	10.1111/j.1574-0862.2008.00324.x	International Food Policy Research Institute, African Ctr Econ & Hist Studies, Int Food Policy Res Inst	"Bernard, Tanguy: International Food Policy Research Institute","Gabre-Madhin, Eleni: International Food Policy Research Institute",	This article examines the impact of marketing cooperatives on smallholder commercialization of cereals using detailed household data in rural Ethiopia. We use the strong government role in promoting the establishment of cooperatives to justify the use of: propensity score matching to compare households that are cooperative members to similar households in comparable areas without cooperatives. The analysis reveals that although cooperatives obtain higher prices for their members, they are not associated with it significant increase in the overall share of cereal production sold commercially by their members. However, these average results hide considerable heterogeneity across households. In particular, we find that smaller farmers tend to reduce their marketed Output as a result of higher prices, whereas the opposite is true for larger farmers.	cooperatives,"MARKET PARTICIPATION","PROGRAM EVALUATION","propensity score matching",EASTERN,FARMERS,INDIA,INVESTMENTS,MARKET-EFFICIENCY,MODEL,PROPENSITY-SCORE,RISK,"SOUTHERN AFRICA"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000272022600007	The Impact of Ethiopia's Productive Safety Net Programme and its Linkages	Gilligan, Daniel O.,Hoddinott, John,Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum	2009	JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT STUDIES	45	10	10.1080/00220380902935907	International Food Policy Research Institute, African Ctr Study African Econ, IFPRI	"Gilligan, Daniel O.: International Food Policy Research Institute","Hoddinott, John: International Food Policy Research Institute",	This paper assesses the impact of Ethiopia's Productive Safety Nets Programme (PSNP), the largest social protection programme in sub-Saharan Africa outside of South Africa. Using propensity score matching techniques, we find that the programme has little impact on participants on average, due in part to transfer levels that fell far below programme targets. Participants with access to both the PSNP and packages of agricultural support are more likely to be food secure, to borrow for productive purposes, use improved agricultural technologies, and operate non-farm own business activities. However, beneficiaries did not experience faster asset growth.	,"ECONOMETRIC EVALUATION ESTIMATOR"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000293559000026	Overview of Impact Assessment Methodologies	Anandajayasekeram, P,Anandajayasekeram, P.,Babu, S,Babu, S.,Keswani, CL,Liebenberg, F,Rukuni, M	2007	IMPACT OF SCIENCE ON AFRICAN AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY	None	None	None	International Food Policy Research Institute, International Livestock Research Institute, Capac Strengthening Unit CaSt	"Babu, S.: International Food Policy Research Institute",	The ultimate interest of investors in agricultural research and development (R&amp;D) is the extent to which their investment eventually bears a positive outcome on the lives of the poor and hungry people of developing nations without seriously harming the natural resource base. Consequently, most donors, governments and financiers of agricultural and natural resource research focus on outcome and impact assessment as a major step in their strategy. In impact assessment of R&amp;D investments, one needs to differentiate between the research results and the contribution of research to development (i.e. the people-level impact). Moreover, both of these aspects should be addressed simultaneously. This chapter summarizes the various methods and techniques used in R&amp;D using a comprehensive framework that addresses intermediate product, direct product and people-level impact simultaneously. Owing to the wide-ranging implications of agricultural research results to society, no single technique or method is sufficient to adequately address the impact. However, there is consensus that the most appropriate approaches to impact assessment should involve a mixture of both qualitative and quantitative methods and active participation of the beneficiaries. Case studies are also essential for further refining the approaches and lessons learned. The chapter concludes by outlining suggested best practices in understanding impact assessment of agricultural R&amp;D investments.	,AGRICULTURAL-RESEARCH	None	None
WoS	WOS:000298527100014	Impact of Farmer Field Schools on Agricultural Productivity and Poverty in East Africa	Davis, K.,Kato, E.,Mekonnen, D. A.,Miiro, R.,Nkonya, E.,Nkuba, J.,Odendo, M.	2012	WORLD DEVELOPMENT	41	3	10.1016/j.worlddev.2011.05.020	International Food Policy Research Institute, Makerere University, Maruku Agr Res Inst	"Kato, E.: International Food Policy Research Institute","Miiro, R.: Makerere University","Nkonya, E.: International Food Policy Research Institute",	The authors used a longitudinal impact evaluation with quasi-experimental methods to provide evidence on economic and production impact of a farmer field school (FFS) project in East Africa. FFSs were shown to have positive impact on production and income among women, low-literacy, and medium land size farmers. Participation in FFS increased income by 61%. Participation in FFS improved agricultural income and crop productivity overall. This implies that farmer field schools are a useful approach to increase production and income of small-scale farmers in East Africa, and that the approach can be used to target women and producers with limited literacy. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	"EAST AFRICA",EXTENSION,"farmer field schools",CAUSAL,ESTIMATORS,"INTEGRATED PEST-MANAGEMENT",PROPENSITY-SCORE,"SCORE-MATCHING METHODS"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000306771400008	Impacts of Community-driven Development Programs on Income and Asset Acquisition in Africa: The Case of Nigeria	Kato, Edward,Mogues, Tewodaj,Nkonya, Ephraim,Pender, John,Phillip, Day	2012	WORLD DEVELOPMENT	40	9	10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.04.028	International Food Policy Research Institute, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), International Food Policy Research Institute, Int Food Policy Res Inst, Nasarawa State Univ, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)	"Kato, Edward: International Food Policy Research Institute","Mogues, Tewodaj: International Food Policy Research Institute","Nkonya, Ephraim: International Food Policy Research Institute","Pender, John: United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)",	This study evaluates the impacts of a community-driven development (CDD) project on household income and acquisition of productive assets in Nigeria. Using recall data, difference-in-differences, and propensity score matching approaches, the study finds that the project succeeded in targeting the poor and women farmers in its productive asset acquisition component. Participation in the project also increased the mean income of beneficiaries by about 40-60% but the impact of the project on income of the poorest beneficiaries was not statistically significant. Additionally, sustainability of this achievement is uncertain since the project did not involve rural credit services. The large cash transfer through its productive asset acquisition component is also unsustainable. Future studies should be undertaken using longer-term panel data to capture the pattern and trend of the impact of this project. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	Africa,assets,"community-driven development","impact evaluation",INCOME,NIGERIA,POVERTY,TARGETING,CAUSAL,"ELITE CAPTURE","GINI COEFFICIENT","NEGATIVE INCOME","PROPENSITY SCORE"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000258761700016	Macroeconomic and household-level impacts of HIV/AIDS in Botswana	Jefferis, Keith,Kinghorn, Anthony,Siphambe, Happy,Thurlow, James	2008	AIDS	22	None	None	International Food Policy Research Institute, University of Botswana, Econsult Botswana, Hlth & Dev Africa	"Siphambe, Happy: University of Botswana","Thurlow, James: International Food Policy Research Institute",	Objective: To measure the impact of HlV/AIDS on economic growth and poverty in Botswana and estimate how providing treatment can mitigate its effects. Methods: Demographic and financial projections were combined with economic simulation models, including a macroeconomic growth model and a macro-microeconomic computable general equilibrium and microsimulation model. Results: HlV/AlDS significantly reduces economic growth and increases household poverty. The impact is now severe enough to be affecting the economy as a whole, and threatens to pull some of the uninfected population into poverty. Providing antiretroviral therapy can partly offset this negative effect. Treatment increases health's share of government expenditure only marginally, because it increases economic growth and because withholding treatment raises the cost of other health services. Conclusion: Botswana's treatment programme is appropriate from a macroeconomic perspective. Conducting macroeconomic impact assessments is important in countries where prevalence rates are particularly high. (C) 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health. Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins.	AIDS,"ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",BOTSWANA,"macroeconomic impact",POVERTY,AIDS,GROWTH	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-43049132214	Impacts of prime-age adult mortality on labour supply: Evidence from adolescents and women in South Africa	Yamauchi F., Buthelezi T., Velia M.	2008	Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics	70	3	10.1111/j.1468-0084.2008.00504.x	International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, United States; Department of Social Development, Monitoring and Evaluation Directorate, Pretoria, South Africa; School of Development Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	Yamauchi, F., International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, United States; Buthelezi, T., Department of Social Development, Monitoring and Evaluation Directorate, Pretoria, South Africa, School of Development Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Velia, M., School of Development Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	This paper examines the impact of prime-age adult mortality on the transition made by adolescents from school to the labour market and on female adult labour force participation decisions in South Africa. We find, first, that deaths of prime-age adults significantly increase both male and female adolescents' labour force participation as they stop their schooling. Secondly, the death of prime-age adults in general also decreases school enrolment ex ante. Thirdly, female adults tend to join the labour force following the death of prime-age adult males. These findings imply that prime-age adult mortality increases labour supply and disrupts human capital formation. © Blackwell Publishing Ltd and the Department of Economics, University of Oxford, 2008.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953020195	Strategic assessment of the magnitude and impacts of sand mining in Poyang Lake, China	de Leeuw J., Shankman D., Wu G., de Boer W.F., Burnham J., He Q., Yesou H., Xiao J.	2010	Regional Environmental Change	10	2	10.1007/s10113-009-0096-6	International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), P.O. Box 6, 7500 AA Enschede, Netherlands; International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Geography, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0322, United States; School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, 430079 Wuhan, China; Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3a, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands; International Crane Foundation, P.O. Box 447, Baraboo, WI 53913, United States; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, China; SERTIT, Strasbourg University, Pole API, Boulevard Sebastien Brant, BP 10413, 67412 Illkirch, France	de Leeuw, J., International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), P.O. Box 6, 7500 AA Enschede, Netherlands, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya; Shankman, D., Department of Geography, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0322, United States; Wu, G., School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, 430079 Wuhan, China; de Boer, W.F., Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3a, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands; Burnham, J., International Crane Foundation, P.O. Box 447, Baraboo, WI 53913, United States; He, Q., State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, China; Yesou, H., SERTIT, Strasbourg University, Pole API, Boulevard Sebastien Brant, BP 10413, 67412 Illkirch, France; Xiao, J., International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), P.O. Box 6, 7500 AA Enschede, Netherlands, School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, 430079 Wuhan, China	Planning for the extraction of aggregates is typically dealt with at a case to case basis, without assessing environmental impacts strategically. In this study we assess the impact of sand mining in Poyang Lake, where dredging began in 2001 after sand mining in the Yangtze River had been banned. In April 2008 concern over the impact on the biodiversity led to a ban on sand mining in Poyang Lake until further plans could be developed. Planning will require consideration of both sand extraction in relation to available sediment resources and also environmental impacts within the context of future demand for sand in the lower Yangtze Valley. We used pairs of near-infrared (NIR) Aster satellite imagery to estimate the number of vessels leaving the lake. Based on this we calculated a rate of sand extraction of 236 million m3 year-1 in 2005-2006. This corresponds to 9% of the total Chinese demand for sand. It qualifies Poyang Lake as probably the largest sand mining operation in the world. It also indicates that sand extraction currently dominates the sediment balance of the lower Yangtze River. A positive relation between demand for sand and GDP, revealed by historic data from the USA, suggests that the current per capita demand for sand in China might increase in the near future from 2 to 4 m3 year-1. We review various environmental impacts and question whether it will be possible to preserve the rich biodiversity of the lake, while continuing at the same time satisfying the increasing Chinese demand for sand. Finally we review alternative options for sand mining, in order to relieve the pressure from the Poyang Lake ecosystem. © 2009 Springer-Verlag.	Biodiversity; Environmental impact; Hydrology; Sand mining; Sediment balance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897500506	Urban cities and waste generation in developing countries: A GIS evaluation of two cities in Burkina Faso	Yiougo L.S.A., Oyedotun T.D.T., Some C.Y.C., Da E.C.D.	2013	Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering	7	2	10.4090/juee.2013.v7n2.280285	International Institute for Water and Environment Engineering, 01 BP 594, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; Department of Geography and Planning Sciences, Adekunle Ajasin University, P. M. B. 001, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria; Department of Geography, Univ	Yiougo, L.S.A., International Institute for Water and Environment Engineering, 01 BP 594, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; Oyedotun, T.D.T., Department of Geography and Planning Sciences, Adekunle Ajasin University, P. M. B. 001, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria; Some, C.Y.C., International Institute for Water and Environment Engineering, 01 BP 594, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; Da, E.C.D., Department of Geography, University of Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso	Cities in developing countries are faced waste management challenges in terms of quantity and quality. Most of the time, solid and liquid wastes are dumped on street and open spaces. Uncontrolled waste dumped has led to diverse kind of health problems. The purpose of this article is to characterize urban cities and evaluate their waste generation using the Geographical Information System (GIS). The focus is on two cities in Burkina Faso. Specific variables which were considered during the survey include urban fabric, grey water outlets and household garbage dumps sites/techniques. The study shows that in the two cities, the most dominant urban fabric is low standard of living (about 64% of housing in Fada and 62% of housing in Pouytenga). The urban fabric is also characterized by the existence of empty spaces. Overall, the average density of grey water discharge points is 0.85 points and 5.7 points per ha of street in Fada N'Gourma and Pouytenga respectively. The average density of solid waste dumps is 1.45 waste dumps per ha street and 7 waste dumps per ha street in Fada N'Gourma and Pouytenga respectively. In case of urgent waste management intervention, the priority areas for speedy intervention are area 10 in Fada N'Gourma, areas 2 and 5 in Pouytenga. GIS applied to waste management can be a decision making tool for urban planners in developing country. © 2013 Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering (JUEE). All rights reserved.	Developing countries; Discharges; Fada N'Gourma; GIS; Pouytenga; Wastes	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901425941	Hybrid performance and inbred-hybrid relationship of early maturing tropical maize under drought and well-watered conditions	Oyekunle M., Badu-Apraku B.	2014	Cereal Research Communications	42	2	10.1556/CRC.2013.0052	International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Carolyn House, 26 Dingwall Road, Croydon CR93EE, United Kingdom; University of Ibadan, Department of Agronomy, Ibadan Oyo State, Nigeria	Oyekunle, M., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Carolyn House, 26 Dingwall Road, Croydon CR93EE, United Kingdom, University of Ibadan, Department of Agronomy, Ibadan Oyo State, Nigeria; Badu-Apraku, B., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Carolyn House, 26 Dingwall Road, Croydon CR93EE, United Kingdom	Drought tolerant maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids are crucial to sustainability of maize production in West and Central Africa (WCA). Two studies were conducted at three locations in Nigeria for 2 yr to (i) assess performance of 156 early-maturing maize inbreds and three hybrid types and (ii) determine heterosis among the lines and relationship between lines per se and hybrid performance. The inbreds and their hybrids were evaluated separately under drought and well-watered conditions. Genotype, environment and genotype × environment interactions were significant for grain yield under the research conditions. Grain yield of inbreds ranged from 0.06 t ha>-1<> for TZEI 123 to 1.92 t ha>-1<> for TZEI 17 under drought. While differences in grain yield among hybrid types (single, three-way and double-cross hybrids) were not significant under drought, significant differences were detected among hybrid types under optimal conditions. GGE biplot analysis identified three inbreds, TZEI 18, TZEI 56, and TZEI 1 and hybrids TZEI 129 × TZEI 16, (TZEI 17 × TZEI 16) × TZEI 157 and (TZEI 16 × TZEI 157) × TZEI 129 as ideal across research conditions. Midparent heterosis (MPH) and high-parent heterosis (HPH) for grain yield were higher in the well-watered conditions than under drought. Positive and significant correlations existed between MPH, HPH and yield under both research conditions. Drought tolerant hybrids with stable and high yield are available for promotion for adoption by farmers in WCA.	drought susceptibility index; drought tolerant inbreds; early-maturing hybrids; GGE biplot; maize (Zea mays L.)	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33845447744	Comparative assessment of yield potentials of improved cowpea breeding lines using performance index and ranking methods	Ajeigbe H.A., Mohammed S.G., Singh B.B.	2006	Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment	4	04-Mar	None	International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Kano Station, Sabo Bakin Zuwo Road, Kano, Nigeria; Faculty of Agriculture, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria	Ajeigbe, H.A., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Kano Station, Sabo Bakin Zuwo Road, Kano, Nigeria; Mohammed, S.G., Faculty of Agriculture, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria; Singh, B.B., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Kano Station, Sabo Bakin Zuwo Road, Kano, Nigeria	Identification of the best variety from a variety trial is often done using the least significant difference (LSD), Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT) and stability analysis methods. However, these methods are unable to discriminate among a smaller group of varieties which are not statistically significantly different from each other. Therefore, there is a need for another method which can further discriminate among these small groups of varieties. This study was undertaken to assess the efficacy of the performance index (PI) and rank total (RT) methods in identifying the best variety from a variety trial. Eighteen cowpea breeding lines including a local check were grown for two years in three environments representing the major cowpea growing zone of West Africa to assess their grain yield potential. The yield data were analyzed and variety means were compared using different methods. The PI revealed that IT98K-398-14 was the best with a PI index of 88% compared to 59% for IT98K-412-13 and IT98K-506-1 with 35%, and RT method showed IT98K-412-13 with RT of 34, IT98K-398-14 with RT of 35 and IT98K-506-1 with RT 42 as the most promising cowpea varieties while the stability analysis indicated IT98K-506-1 with a b value of 1.03 as the most stable variety in the test environments with a mean yield of 1491 kg ha -1 which is above overall mean yield of 1340 kg ha-1. The PI is a simple and easy approach to classify varieties especially when the number of varieties and test environments is large. The RT method is also an alternative approach devoid of much calculation and will therefore be a valuable tool for plant breeders especially when quick decisions are to be made on the selections of varieties. All three methods identified the same three varieties as the best varieties.	Cowpea breeding lines; Performance index; Ranking total; Variety trial	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84964826206	Evaluating testcross performance and genetic divergence of lines derived from reciprocal tropical maize composites	Menkir A., Kling J.G., Anjorin B., Ladejobi F., Gedil M.	2015	Maydica	60	2	None	International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Oyo Road, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria; Oregon State University, Crop Science Building 107, Corvallis, OR, United States	Menkir, A., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Oyo Road, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria; Kling, J.G., Oregon State University, Crop Science Building 107, Corvallis, OR, United States; Anjorin, B., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Oyo Road, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria; Ladejobi, F., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Oyo Road, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria; Gedil, M., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Oyo Road, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria	The development of hybrids with enhanced expression of heterosis depends on the genetic background of the source population and the effectiveness of a breeding scheme used to identify and use divergent inbred lines with good combining ability. The present study was conducted to examine the potential of improved tropical reciprocal composites as sources of inbred lines for developing productive hybrids. Thirty-six S4 lines derived from the third RRS cycle of each composite were crossed in pairs to form 36 testcrosses, which were evaluated along with commonly grown commercial hybrids in Nigeria across nine test environments. Results showed consistent ranking of testcrosses for grain yield and other traits across the diverse test environments. The best 22 testcrosses produced 21% to 51% more grain yields than the highest yielding commercial hybrid. Several testcrosses combined high grain yields with other desirable agronomic traits. The SSR and SNP markers used in the present study detected a broad range of genetic diversity among the 72 S4 lines, which was structured along the two composites. The two markers portrayed similar trends in determining genetic distance estimates and detecting composite-specific alleles in the S4 lines. These results highlight the potential of improved reciprocal composites as sources of new and divergent parents for developing productive hybrids and as sources of novel alleles for broadening and diversifying the genetic base of adapted germplasm to sustain genetic gain in productivity of hybrids in WCA. © 2015, Consiglio per la Ricercame la sperimentazione in Agrcoltura. All rights reserved.	Agronomic performance; Maize; Reciprocal composites; S4 lines; SNP; SSR; Testcrosses	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79959709463	Use-value or performance: Towards a better understanding of small reservoirs in sub-Saharan Africa [Valeurs d'usage ou performances techniques: Comment apprécier le rôle des petits barrages en Afrique subsaharienne?]	Venot J.-P., Cecchi P.	2011	Cahiers Agricultures	20	42371	10.1684/agr.2010.0457	International Water Management Institute (IWMI), PMB CT 112, Cantonments, Accra, Ghana; IRD, UMR G-Eau, Cemagref-Hortus, 361, rue J-F Breton BP 5095, 34196 Montpellier cedex 5, France	Venot, J.-P., International Water Management Institute (IWMI), PMB CT 112, Cantonments, Accra, Ghana; Cecchi, P., IRD, UMR G-Eau, Cemagref-Hortus, 361, rue J-F Breton BP 5095, 34196 Montpellier cedex 5, France	Small reservoirs are a reality of rural sub-Saharan Africa. They trigger technical and institutional innovations, appear to be in high demand among local communities, and remain popular on the agendas of national policy-makers and international development partners in spite of recurrent analyses highlighting that these systems function well below the expectations of their promoters. This paper proposes an analytical framework to understand this apparent contradiction. Local communities do make use of small reservoirs inmany ways but not always as implied by policy discourses and development strategies. Social, eco-technical and managerial analyses would then not disclose the real use-value of these innovations at either the local or the regional (watershed) scales. Understanding the opportunities and risks linked to an intensificationof themultipleuses of small reservoirs requires considering them as rural development and planning interventions. They induce changes in the relations that societies nurture with their environment and catalyze new and multiple claims and uses that sometimes appearconflictual and irreconcilable.	Evaluation; Innovation; Land use planning; Subsaharan Africa; Water reservoirs	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947867679	Impact of the productive safety net program on farmers' investments in sustainable land management in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia	Adimassu Z., Kessler A.	2015	Environmental Development	16	None	10.1016/j.envdev.2015.06.015	International Water Management Institute (IWMI), PO Box: 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Wageningen University and Research Center, Soil Physics and Land Management (SLM) Group, Droevendaalsesteeg 4, Wageningen, Netherlands	Adimassu, Z., International Water Management Institute (IWMI), PO Box: 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Kessler, A., Wageningen University and Research Center, Soil Physics and Land Management (SLM) Group, Droevendaalsesteeg 4, Wageningen, Netherlands	This study assesses the impact of the Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) on farmers' investments in sustainable land management (SLM) practices in the Central Rift Valley (CRV) of Ethiopia. Primary data were collected using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire for a sample of 159 households (82 PSNP participants and 77 non-participants) in four kebeles (the lowest administrative unit in Ethiopia) of two weredas (districts). Using a cross-sectional household survey, propensity score matching (PSM) was used to assess the impact of PSNP on households' investments in soil erosion control and soil fertility management. The PSM results show that the control group of households (non-participants in PSNP) invested more in soil erosion control measures as compared to the treated group of households (participants in PSNP). On the contrary, however, the treated group of households significantly invested more in soil fertility management practices (e.g. inorganic fertilizer and compost) as compared to the control group of households. The negative impact of PSNP on households' investments in soil erosion control in the treated group of farmers is related to their high labor investment in public works, which is not the case for the non-participants in PSNP. This implies that PSNP should pay more attention to capacity building and awareness raising, which requires a restructuring of the program that would benefit long-term and more sustainable impact on reducing food insecurity and enhancing natural resources in the CRV of Ethiopia. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.	Central Rift Valley; Food security; Productive Safety Net; Propensity score matching; Sustainable land management	None	None
WoS	WOS:000267270800004	Evaluating multi-stakeholder perceptions of project impacts: a participatory value-based multi-criteria approach	Mendoza, Guillermo A.,Prabhu, Ravi	2009	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND WORLD ECOLOGY	16	3	10.1080/13504500902919672	International Livestock Research Institute, University of Illinois System, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign	"Mendoza, Guillermo A.: University of Illinois System","Mendoza, Guillermo A.: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","Prabhu, Ravi: International Livestock Research Institute"	This paper describes a participatory multi-stakeholder impact assessment approach based on the concept of a value tree (VT), generated using the value focused thinking method (VFT) developed by Keeney (1992). This approach allows stakeholders to specify impact parameters to be evaluated, which in the context of the VT, are organized as goals, objectives and alternatives. The approach is implemented in two phases: Phase I is designed to formulate stakeholders' collective VT following VFT concepts and the cognitive mapping method, and Phase II is a participatory valuation approach based on the VT formed in Phase I. The Wand the VFT concepts are adopted as tools to capture different stakeholders' values, goals and perceptions. The resulting VT is structured as a hierarchy between goals and objectives, and a network consisting of relationships, linkages and cross-impacts of the different alternatives and objectives. The hierarchy and network structure enables stakeholders to decompose complex assessment problem into 'smaller' units, which makes for easier and clearer assessment context, without ignoring linkages of the units or assessment elements. The second phase allows stakeholders to express their preferences with respect to each assessment element, through a voting system that ultimately leads to measures of importance or relative weights associated with each element. A modified Analytic Hierarchy Process (called Analytic Network Process) was used to distill relative weights from the voting results. Results obtained from a case study in a Zimbabwean community forest show that the proposed approach is easy to implement and can address questions about whether a project can lead to a positive change in attitudes, and whether the changes actually lead to a propensity to adopt alternatives that the project supports (e.g. conservation-oriented alternatives).	"analytic network process","multi-criteria analysis","participatory analysis","project assessment","ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS","FOREST MANAGEMENT",POLICY,PREFERENCES	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904745861	Quantifying the impact of weather extremes on global food security: A spatial bio-economic approach	Gbegbelegbe S., Chung U., Shiferaw B., Msangi S., Tesfaye K.	2014	Weather and Climate Extremes	4	None	10.1016/j.wace.2014.05.005	International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Kenya Office, PO Box 1041, Village Market, Nairobi, Kenya; International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, CP 06600 Mexico DF, Mexico; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, DC, United States; International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Ethiopia Office, PO Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Gbegbelegbe, S., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Kenya Office, PO Box 1041, Village Market, Nairobi, Kenya; Chung, U., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, CP 06600 Mexico DF, Mexico; Shiferaw, B., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Kenya Office, PO Box 1041, Village Market, Nairobi, Kenya; Msangi, S., International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, DC, United States; Tesfaye, K., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Ethiopia Office, PO Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	This study uses a spatial bio-economic modelling framework to estimate the impact of the 2012 weather extreme in the USA on food security in the developing world. The study also quantifies the potential effects of a similar weather extreme occurring in 2050 under climate change. The study results indicate that weather extremes that affect maize productivity in key grain baskets can negatively affect food security in vulnerable countries. The 2012 weather extreme which occurred in the USA reduced US and global maize production by 29% compared to trend; maize consumption in the country decreased by 5% only and this resulted in less surplus maize for exports from the largest maize exporter in the world. Global maize production decreased by 6% compared to trend. The decrease in global maize production coupled with a reduction in the volume of global maize exports worsened food insecurity in eastern Africa, the Caribbean and Central America and India. The effects of the weather extreme on global food security would be worse, if the latter were to occur under climate change in 2050, assuming no climate change adaptation worldwide over the years. In addition, the hardest-hit regions would remain the same, whether the weather extreme occurs in 2012 instead of 2050: Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), South Asia and the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region. However, sustained growth in per capita income across world economies between 2000 and 2050 would allow few countries in SSA and the LAC region to virtually eliminate hunger within their borders. In these countries, per capita income would be high enough by 2050 to completely offset the negative effect of the weather extreme. The study results are also consistent with USDA's estimates on US and global maize production and consumption in 2012 after the weather extreme. Some discrepancy is found on the volume of global maize trade; this implies that the bio-economic model likely overestimates the effect of the weather extreme on food insecurity. However, the trends from the analysis are likely to be valid. Further research would involve using a CGE model that can capture the net effects of weather extremes. © 2014 The Authors.	Developing world; Food security; IMPACT; Spatial bio-economic modelling; Weather extreme	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84946220074	Impact of gender participation in non-farming activities on household income and poverty levels in Pakistan	Ali A., Erenstein O., Rahut D.B.	2015	Work	52	2	10.3233/WOR-152103	International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), NARC, Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan; International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Ali, A., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), NARC, Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan; Erenstein, O., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Rahut, D.B., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	BACKGROUND: In the rural areas of Pakistan, the majority of farm households have small landholdings of less than 2 hectares. Both male and females are engaged in farming and non-farming activities. However, in Pakistan the gender-wise participation in farming activities is not much documented. OBJECTIVES: The main objective of the current study is to estimate the impact of male and female participation in non-farming activities on a household's income level and poverty status in Pakistan. METHODS: The current study is based on a cross-sectional data set collected from 325 households through a purposive random sampling technique. A detailed comprehensive questionnaire was prepared for data collection. The data were analyzed by employing the propensity score matching approach. RESULTS: The empirical results indicate that both male and female participation in non-farming activities has a positive impact on household welfare in Pakistan by raising income levels and thus contributing to poverty reduction. However, the impact is greater when the males of a household take part in these activities rather than the females. CONCLUSIONS: In the past only a few studies have focused on gender-based participation in non-farming activities. The non-farming sector is an important one in rural areas, especially in developing countries like Pakistan. More opportunities need to be created for both men and women in rural areas of Pakistan to find off-farm work, in order to increase household income and reduce poverty levels.	Non-farming opportunities; propensity score matching; rural areas	None	None
None	None	Maize production in a changing climate. impacts, adaptation, and mitigation strategies	Cairns J.E., Sonder K., Zaidi P.H., Verhulst N., Mahuku G., Babu R., Nair S.K., Das B., Govaerts B., Vinayan M.T., Rashid Z., Noor J.J., Devi P., San Vicente F., Prasanna B.M.	2012	Advances in Agronomy	114	None	10.1016/B978-0-12-394275-3.00006-7	International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Mexico; International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Hyderabad, India; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya	Cairns, J.E., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Mexico; Sonder, K., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Mexico; Zaidi, P.H., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Hyderabad, India; Verhulst, N., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Mexico, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Mahuku, G., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Mexico; Babu, R., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Mexico; Nair, S.K., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Mexico; Das, B., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya; Govaerts, B., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Mexico; Vinayan, M.T., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Hyderabad, India; Rashid, Z., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Hyderabad, India; Noor, J.J., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Hyderabad, India; Devi, P., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Hyderabad, India; San Vicente, F., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Mexico; Prasanna, B.M., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya	Plant breeding and improved management options have made remarkable progress in increasing crop yields during the past century. However, climate change projections suggest that large yield losses will be occurring in many regions, particularly within sub-Saharan Africa. The development of climate-ready germplasm to offset these losses is of the upmost importance. Given the time lag between the development of improved germplasm and adoption in farmers' fields, the development of improved breeding pipelines needs to be a high priority. Recent advances in molecular breeding provide powerful tools to accelerate breeding gains and dissect stress adaptation. This review focuses on achievements in stress tolerance breeding and physiology and presents future tools for quick and efficient germplasm development. Sustainable agronomic and resource management practices can effectively contribute to climate change mitigation. Management options to increase maize system resilience to climate-related stresses and mitigate the effects of future climate change are also discussed. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.	Abiotic stress; Adaptation; Biotic stress; Climate change; Climate projections; Maize; Mitigation; Sub-Saharan Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953076037	Evaluation of current and future water resources development in the Lake Tana Basin, Ethiopia	McCartney M., Alemayehu T., Shiferaw A., Awulachew S.B.	2010	IWMI Research Report	2010	None	None	International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; University of Bahir Dar, Ethiopia	McCartney, M., International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Alemayehu, T., University of Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Shiferaw, A.; Awulachew, S.B.	Lake Tana is valuable for many people, including the communities who live around the lakeshore, those living on islands and close to the Blue Nile River, which flows from it. The area has been identified as a region for irrigation and hydropower development, which are vital for food security and economic growth in Ethiopia. This report presents findings from an integrated multidisciplinary study that was conducted to investigate the implications of this development. The study comprised three components: i) an environmental flow evaluation; ii) a stakeholder analysis of the impact of current infrastructure and water management; and iii) computer modeling of future water resources development. The study found that existing water resources development, for hydropower generation, has modified flows downstream of the lake, reduced water levels of the lake and significantly decreased flow over the Tis Issat Waterfall. Interviews with stakeholders indicate that the changes have benefited some people but have adversely affected others. Future development will exacerbate pressure on the lake. If all the planned development occurs, the mean water level of the lake will drop by 0.44 meters (m), and the average surface area will decrease by 30 square kilometers (km2) (i.e., 1%) and up to 81 km2 (i.e., 2.6%) during some dry seasons. There will be prolonged periods of several years during which water levels will be much lower than they would be naturally. If environmental flow requirements (estimated to average 862 Mm3y-1) are maintained in the reach containing the Tis Issat Waterfall, the mean water level of the lake will reduce by a further 0.37 m and the average lake area will reduce by an additional 26 km2. Without careful management these changes are likely to have severe ecological and social consequences. Hard choices must be made about how the water is best utilized. It is important that all stakeholders, including local people, are involved in the decision-making process and benefit from investments. © 2010, by IWMI.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84883396623	Managing rainwater, improving livelihoods: Assessing impacts using a Rainwater-Livelihoods-Poverty Index (RLPI)	Getnet K., Kefyalew G.	2013	Environment and Development Economics	18	5	10.1017/S1355770X13000247	International Water Management Institute (IWMI), East Africa and Nile Basin Office, P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Wolaita Sodo University, Ethiopia	Getnet, K., International Water Management Institute (IWMI), East Africa and Nile Basin Office, P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Kefyalew, G., Wolaita Sodo University, Ethiopia	Assessing and empirically measuring the development impact of rainwater management innovations to inform related decisions remains conceptually and methodologically difficult. Whether it is empirically more appropriate to assess and measure the impact pathways than the impact per se remains an important methodological issue. This paper proposes a Rainwater-Livelihoods-Poverty Index (RLPI) as a comprehensive and participatory impact pathway assessment technique with measurable indicators recapitulating the sustainable livelihoods framework. The methodological contributions to rainwater impact assessment are two-fold. First, the RLPI explicitly incorporates intermediate processes and impact pathways as important factors affecting the development impacts of rainwater-related interventions. Second, the RLPI combines quantitative and qualitative household response data into a single yet meaningful quantitative impact indicator. This makes the methodology participatory, allowing farmers engagement to use their knowledge (as local expert observers) in informing rainwater management decisions. The methodology is empirically tested in Diga district (western Ethiopia) and validated using expert opinions. © Cambridge University Press 2013.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84875045560	Revisiting dominant notions: A review of costs, performance and institutions of small reservoirs in sub-Saharan Africa	Venot J.-P., de Fraiture C., Acheampong E.N.	2012	IWMI Research Report	144	None	10.5337/2012.202	International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; Land and Water Development, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Delft, Netherlands; African Technology Policy Studies (ATPS) Network, Nairobi, Kenya; IWMI, Accra, Ghana	Venot, J.-P., International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; de Fraiture, C., International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, Land and Water Development, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Delft, Netherlands; Acheampong, E.N., African Technology Policy Studies (ATPS) Network, Nairobi, Kenya, IWMI, Accra, Ghana	Thousands of small reservoirs dot the rural landscape of sub-Saharan Africa. They have long attracted development and academic interest on the grounds that they make vulnerable and generally little-developed regions 'drought-proof' and allow for smallscale community-based irrigation. On the other hand, concerns have long been raised over the high construction costs, poor irrigation performance, low managerial capacity on the part of communities and little sustainability of investments that seem to be locked in a build-neglect-rebuild syndrome. A common response to these shortcomings has been to improve project designs and organize farmers in Water User Associations (WUAs) to better manage their common resources. This report, however, calls for a different approach based on a renewed understanding of small reservoirs. Drawing information from a crosscountry comparative analysis conducted in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Ethiopia and Zambia, this report argues that high costs are not inherent to the technology but are caused by major shortcomings in the planning and implementation processes. Non-standard and corrupt practices throughout the project cycle add to the costs and affect the quality of construction and hence the performance, and the farmers' ability to maintain the reservoir in a workable state. Performance assessments are centered on downstream irrigation activities and universally point to the disappointing results of small reservoirs in these terms. Such assessments are grounded in field observations but remain partial. Small reservoirs support, and enhance synergies between, multiple livelihood strategies. The performance of small reservoirs needs to be assessed against this backdrop of multiple uses/users. WUAs, often externally triggered, have been framed and instituted as the sole and most adequate structure for the management of small reservoirs, with generally disappointing results. This is because decision making on small reservoirs takes place in multiple and overlapping arenas; the concerns of users may thus be best addressed by promoting arrangements that enhance multiple institutional relationships at multiple scales. An integrative approach, both in spatial (the watershed) and temporal (the project cycle) terms, holds the promise of sustainable management of small reservoirs. © 2012, by IWMI. All rights reserved.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84920079579	Financial viability of groundwater irrigation and its impact on livelihoods of smallholder farmers: The case of eastern Ethiopia	Hagos F., Mamo K.	2014	Water Resources and Economics	7	None	10.1016/j.wre.2014.08.001	International Water Management Institute, Nile Basin and East Africa sub-Regional office, P.O.Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Department of Economics, Haromaya University, Ethiopia	Hagos, F., International Water Management Institute, Nile Basin and East Africa sub-Regional office, P.O.Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Mamo, K., Department of Economics, Haromaya University, Ethiopia	This paper examines the economics of groundwater irrigation and its impact on livelihood of smallholder farmers in Eastern Ethiopia. The results indicate that groundwater technologies are financially viable at 8, 12.25 and 16.5 percent discount rates. The net present value of these technologies is still viable under partial and full cost recovery regimes. Small-scale groundwater irrigation with boreholes provides a good option for poor households, bringing about significant positive impact in consumption expenditure. Groundwater, if adequately harvested, has a significant positive impact on the improvement of livelihoods of smallholding farmers; it is advantageous for the society if government and nongovernmental agencies are engaged in the expansion of deep groundwater wells on a sustainable basis. It is also vital to think of institutionalizing a cost recovery scheme to ensure water use efficiency and to sustain the future investments in irrigation, especially in developing groundwater resources. © 2014 .	Ethiopia; Gini-coefficient; Groundwater irrigation; NPV; Poverty analysis; Propensity score matching	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-69249122969	Living with dams: Managing the environmental impacts	McCartney M.	2009	Water Policy	11	None	10.2166/wp.2009.108	International Water Management Institute, PO Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	McCartney, M., International Water Management Institute, PO Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Dams, through disruption of physiochemical and biological processes, have water and associated environmental impacts that have far reaching social and economic consequences. The impact of each dam is unique. It depends not only on the dam structure and the attributes of local biota but also climatic and geomorphic conditions. Given the number of existing dams (over 45,000 large dams) and the large number that may be built in the near future, it is clear that humankind must live with the environmental and social consequences for many decades to come. This paper provides a review of the consequences for ecosystems and biodiversity resulting directly from the presence of dams on rivers, and of constraints and opportunities for environmental protection. It illustrates that a wide range of both technical and non-technical measures has been developed to ameliorate the negative impacts of dams. It argues that relatively few studies have been conducted to evaluate the success of these measures and that it is widely perceived that many interventions fail, either for technical reasons or as a consequence of a variety of socio-economic constraints. It discusses the constraints to successful implementation and mechanisms for promoting, funding and ensuring compliance. Finally, it contends that there is a need to improve environmental practices in the operation of both existing and new dams. © IWA Publishing 2009.	Biodiversity; Ecosystems; Environmental protection; Large dams	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33646246162	Impact assessment of Mtera and Kidatu reservoirs on the annual maximum floods at Stiegler's Gorge of the Rufiji River in Tanzania	Yawson D.K., Kongo V.M., Kachroo R.K.	2006	Water International	31	1	10.1080/02508060608691919	International Water Management Institute, Pretoria, South Africa; University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; IUCN-West Africa Regional Office Project, Komadugu Yobe Basin, Nigeria; Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development, Keny	Yawson, D.K., International Water Management Institute, Pretoria, South Africa, IUCN-West Africa Regional Office Project, Komadugu Yobe Basin, Nigeria; Kongo, V.M., University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa, Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development, Kenya, School of Bioresources Engineering and Environmental Hydrology, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa, Ministry of Agriculture, Agriculture Engineering Division, Soil and Water Conservation, Irrigation, Land Use Planning and Mechanization Services, South Africa; Kachroo, R.K.	The impoundment of any river causes changes in the downstream flow regime. The effect of a dam on flow regime depends on both the storage capacity of the reservoir relative to the volume of river flow and the way the dam is operated. The most common attribute of flow regulation is a decrease in the magnitude of the flood peaks and an increase in low flows. This paper reports the findings of a study to assess the cumulative impact of two dams on the Great Ruaha River in Tanzania (the Mtera and Kidatu Reservoir System) on flood flows. The method used was to compare the observed annual maximum flows at downstream locations after the construction of the dams with mathematically modeled estimates of the annual maximum flows at the same locations, assuming that the dams were not built (i.e. generating naturalized flows). Contrary to expectations, the study found that annual maximum peaks were supposed to be less than those actually observed. For instance, in 1989, annual maximum peak flow of 1,400 m 3/s was recorded at Kidatu, but the estimated uncontrolled peak flow should have been 800 m 3/s, signifying an artificially-induced flood wave. Although, there was a significant impact on the peak flows at Kidatu owing to the dams, the impact was found to be minimal on the flow peaks at Steigler's Gorge. © 2006 International Water Resources Association.	Annual maximum floods; Impact assessment; Linear transfer function; Mathematical modeling; Mtera-Kidatu Reservoir System; Rufiji River Basin	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84877978898	Effect of graded levels of toasted pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) millsp] seed meal diets on growth performance and carcass characteristics of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)	Yisa A.G., Yakubu B., Edache J.A., Danjuma M.N., Deme H.I.	2013	International Journal of Poultry Science	12	2	None	National Veterinary Research Institute, P.M.B. 01, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria; Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Technology, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria	Yisa, A.G., National Veterinary Research Institute, P.M.B. 01, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria; Yakubu, B., Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Technology, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria; Edache, J.A., National Veterinary Research Institute, P.M.B. 01, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria; Danjuma, M.N., National Veterinary Research Institute, P.M.B. 01, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria; Deme, H.I., National Veterinary Research Institute, P.M.B. 01, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria	A five week study was conducted to determine the effect of graded levels of toasted pigeon pea on growth performance and carcass characteristics of Japanese quail chicks. In a completely randomized design, three hundred unsexed, seven day old Japanese quails used for the study were divided into four groups of seventy five birds each. Each group was divided into three replicates of twenty five birds. Four isonitrogenous (24%CP) diets incorporating graded levels (0, 10, 20 and 30%) of toasted pigeon pea were evaluated. Average daily feed intake (18.62, 19.68, 19.58 and 20.29 g), Feed conversion ratio (4.87, 5.13, 5.36 and 5.38) and feed cost (Naira) per bird (38.34, 40.86, 41.46 and 43.57) increased (p<0.05) with increasing levels of dietary toasted pigeon pea inclusion. However, average daily weight gain (3.82, 3.83, 3.65 and 3.77 g) and dressing percentages (59.53, 61.91, 58.89 and 61.92) and percentage of breast to live weight were statistically similar (p>0.05) for all the treatments respectively. The back, wings, thighs and drumsticks were affected (p<0.05) by levels of toasted pigeon pea inclusion. By this study, pigeon pea may be included in diets of Japanese quails by not more than 10% for optimum growth and cost effective feeding. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2013.	Carcass characteristics; Growth performance; Japanese quails; Toasted pigeon pea	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70350042192	The International Olympic Committee (IOC) consensus statement on periodic health evaluation of elite athletes	Ljungqvist A., Jenoure P., Engebretsen L., Alonso J.M., Bahr R., Clough A., de Bondt G., Dvorak J., Maloley R., Matheson G., Meeuwisse W., Meijboom E., Mountjoy M., Pelliccia A., Schwellnus M., Sprumont D., Schamasch P., Gauthier J.-B., Dubi C., Stupp H.,	2009	International SportMed Journal	10	3	None	IOC, Medical Commission, Lausanne, Switzerland; Sports Medicine, Basel and Neuchâtel, Switzerland; Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo Sports Trauma Centre, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway; Medical Department of Royal Spanish Athletic Federation, Madrid, Spain; Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway; Sports Dentistry, University College London, and Oral Health, University of Essex, United Kingdom; Belgian Olympic and Interfederal Committee (BOIC), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology, Spine Unit Schulthess Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland; PrivIT Inc. and PrivIT Healthcare Inc., London, ON, Canada; Stanford University Department of Athletics, United States; Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; University Hospital Center of Vaud, Lausanne, Switzerland; University of Guelph, McMaster University Medical School, Canada; Institute of Sports Medicine and Science of the Italian National Olympic Committee, Rome, Italy; UCT/MRC Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Faculty of Law, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland; IOC, Lausanne, Switzerland	Ljungqvist, A., IOC, Medical Commission, Lausanne, Switzerland; Jenoure, P., Sports Medicine, Basel and Neuchâtel, Switzerland; Engebretsen, L., Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo Sports Trauma Centre, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway; Alonso, J.M., Medical Department of Royal Spanish Athletic Federation, Madrid, Spain; Bahr, R., Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway; Clough, A., Sports Dentistry, University College London, and Oral Health, University of Essex, United Kingdom; de Bondt, G., Belgian Olympic and Interfederal Committee (BOIC), Brussels, Belgium; Dvorak, J., Department of Neurology, Spine Unit Schulthess Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland; Maloley, R., PrivIT Inc. and PrivIT Healthcare Inc., London, ON, Canada; Matheson, G., Stanford University Department of Athletics, United States; Meeuwisse, W., Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Meijboom, E., University Hospital Center of Vaud, Lausanne, Switzerland; Mountjoy, M., University of Guelph, McMaster University Medical School, Canada; Pelliccia, A., Institute of Sports Medicine and Science of the Italian National Olympic Committee, Rome, Italy; Schwellnus, M., UCT/MRC Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Sprumont, D., Faculty of Law, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland; Schamasch, P., IOC, Lausanne, Switzerland; Gauthier, J.-B., IOC, Lausanne, Switzerland; Dubi, C., IOC, Lausanne, Switzerland; Stupp, H., IOC, Lausanne, Switzerland; Thill, C., IOC, Lausanne, Switzerland	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000280501500030	An evaluation of a national intervention to improve the postabortion care content of midwifery education in Nigeria	Akiode, Akinsewa,Daroda, Ramatu,Fetters, Tamara,Oji, Ejike,Okeke, Bridget	2010	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY &amp; OBSTETRICS	110	2	10.1016/j.ijgo.2010.05.003	Ipas, Ipas Nigeria	None	Objective: To examine the impact of a national intervention to improve the postabortion care (PAC) content of midwifery education in Nigeria. Methods: A 3-part quantitative assessment was carried out during and post-intervention. The first baseline component developed and examined the intervention to improve teaching capacity and improve the PAC curriculum among 6 midwifery schools that were to become regional training centers. The second survey was a pre- and post-assessment conducted among midwifery instructors from all schools of midwifery schools were interviewed once 3-9 months after graduation to evaluate whether the intervention had improved their knowledge of PAC and clinical practice, and the likelihood that they would provide PAC after graduation. Results: Data from 6 schools of midwifery in 2003 showed that none offered PAC or had educators trained in PAC prior to the intervention. Incorporation of PAC content and teaching capacity increased in all 6 study schools during the 3 years after a national intervention. Midwifery instructors demonstrated statistically significant improvements in knowledge of and exposure to PAC and manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) after the intervention. A follow-up interview with 149 student midwives post graduation showed increased knowledge, exposure to, and use of MVA in the workplace. Conclusion: Significant changes in graduate midwives' exposure, practice, and provision of PAC services resulted from a national intervention to improve the training environment and skills of midwifery instructors and students in the 6 schools of midwifery selected for evaluation. (C) 2010 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.	"MANUAL VACUUM ASPIRATION","midwifery education","postabortion care",pre-service,COMPLICATIONS,INDUCED-ABORTION,"UNSAFE ABORTION","UNWANTED PREGNANCY"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84899660299	Intraprocedural contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in liver percutaneous radiofrequency ablation: Clinical impact and health technology assessment	Mauri G., Porazzi E., Cova L., Restelli U., Tondolo T., Bonfanti M., Cerri A., Ierace T., Croce D., Solbiati L.	2014	Insights into Imaging	5	2	10.1007/s13244-014-0315-7	IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Unit of Radiology, Piazza Malan 2-20097 San Donato Milanese, Milano, Italy; CREMS (Centre for Research on Health Economics, Social and Health Care Management), University Carlo Cattaneo-LIUC, Castellanza, VA, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedale di Circolo di Busto Arsizio, Department of Oncology, Unit of Interventional Oncologic Radiology, Busto Arsizio, Varese, Italy; School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Mauri, G., IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Unit of Radiology, Piazza Malan 2-20097 San Donato Milanese, Milano, Italy, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedale di Circolo di Busto Arsizio, Department of Oncology, Unit of Interventional Oncologic Radiology, Busto Arsizio, Varese, Italy; Porazzi, E., CREMS (Centre for Research on Health Economics, Social and Health Care Management), University Carlo Cattaneo-LIUC, Castellanza, VA, Italy; Cova, L., Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedale di Circolo di Busto Arsizio, Department of Oncology, Unit of Interventional Oncologic Radiology, Busto Arsizio, Varese, Italy; Restelli, U., CREMS (Centre for Research on Health Economics, Social and Health Care Management), University Carlo Cattaneo-LIUC, Castellanza, VA, Italy, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Tondolo, T., Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedale di Circolo di Busto Arsizio, Department of Oncology, Unit of Interventional Oncologic Radiology, Busto Arsizio, Varese, Italy; Bonfanti, M., CREMS (Centre for Research on Health Economics, Social and Health Care Management), University Carlo Cattaneo-LIUC, Castellanza, VA, Italy; Cerri, A., Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedale di Circolo di Busto Arsizio, Department of Oncology, Unit of Interventional Oncologic Radiology, Busto Arsizio, Varese, Italy; Ierace, T., Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedale di Circolo di Busto Arsizio, Department of Oncology, Unit of Interventional Oncologic Radiology, Busto Arsizio, Varese, Italy; Croce, D., CREMS (Centre for Research on Health Economics, Social and Health Care Management), University Carlo Cattaneo-LIUC, Castellanza, VA, Italy, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Solbiati, L., Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedale di Circolo di Busto Arsizio, Department of Oncology, Unit of Interventional Oncologic Radiology, Busto Arsizio, Varese, Italy	Objectives: To assess the clinical and the economic impacts of intraprocedural use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in patients undergoing percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for small (<2.5 cm) hepatocellular carcinomas. Methods: One hundred and forty-eight hepatocellular carcinomas in 93 patients were treated by percutaneous radiofrequency ablation and immediate assessment by intraprocedural CEUS. Clinical impact, cost effectiveness, and budget, organisational and equity impacts were evaluated and compared with standard treatment without intraprocedural CEUS using the health technology assessment approach. Results: Intraprocedural CEUS detected incomplete ablation in 34/93 (36.5 %) patients, who underwent additional treatment during the same session. At 24-h, complete ablation was found in 88/93 (94.6 %) patients. Thus, a second session of treatment was spared in 29/93 (31.1 %) patients. Cost-effectiveness analysis revealed an advantage for the use of intraprocedural CEUS in comparison with standard treatment (4,639 vs 6,592) with a 21.9 % reduction of the costs to treat the whole sample. Cost per patient for complete treatment was € 4,609 versus € 5,872 respectively. The introduction of intraprocedural CEUS resulted in a low organisational impact, and in a positive impact on equity Conclusions: Intraprocedural use of CEUS has a relevant clinical impact, reducing the number of re-treatments and the related costs per patient. Teaching Points: • CEUS allows to immediately asses the result of ablation. • Intraprocedural CEUS decreases the number of second ablative sessions. • Intraprocedural CEUS may reduce cost per patient for complete treatment. • Use of intraprocedural CEUS may reduce hospital budget. • Its introduction has low organisational impact, and relevant impact on equity. © 2014 The Author(s).	Budget impact; Clinical impact; Cost-effectiveness; Health technology assessment; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Intraprocedural contrast-enhanced ultrasound; Radiofrequency ablation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947556170	Performance of small reservoir irrigated schemes in the Upper Volta basin: Case studies in Burkina Faso and Ghana	Poussin J.-C., Renaudin L., Adogoba D., Sanon A., Tazen F., Dogbe W., Fusillier J.-L., Barbier B., Cecchi P.	2015	Water Resources and Rural Development	6	None	10.1016/j.wrr.2015.05.001	IRD, UMR G-EAU, 361, rue J.F. Breton, B.P. 5095, Montpellier Cedex 5, France; CIRAD, UMR G-EAU, 361, rue J.F. Breton, B.P. 5095, Montpellier Cedex 5, France; CSIR-SARI, P.O. Box TL 52, Tamale, Ghana; INERA, 01 B.P. 910, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso; 2iE, 01 BP 594, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso; IRD MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CC 093, Montpellier Cedex 5, France	Poussin, J.-C., IRD, UMR G-EAU, 361, rue J.F. Breton, B.P. 5095, Montpellier Cedex 5, France; Renaudin, L., CIRAD, UMR G-EAU, 361, rue J.F. Breton, B.P. 5095, Montpellier Cedex 5, France; Adogoba, D., CSIR-SARI, P.O. Box TL 52, Tamale, Ghana; Sanon, A., INERA, 01 B.P. 910, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso; Tazen, F., 2iE, 01 BP 594, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso; Dogbe, W., CSIR-SARI, P.O. Box TL 52, Tamale, Ghana; Fusillier, J.-L., CIRAD, UMR G-EAU, 361, rue J.F. Breton, B.P. 5095, Montpellier Cedex 5, France; Barbier, B., CIRAD, UMR G-EAU, 361, rue J.F. Breton, B.P. 5095, Montpellier Cedex 5, France, 2iE, 01 BP 594, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso; Cecchi, P., IRD, UMR G-EAU, 361, rue J.F. Breton, B.P. 5095, Montpellier Cedex 5, France, IRD MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CC 093, Montpellier Cedex 5, France	A major direct use of water from West African small reservoirs is irrigation. Analyzing the performances of irrigated agriculture is therefore a useful way to measure the impact of small reservoirs on food security and livelihoods of local communities. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of two such irrigated schemes in the Upper Volta basin (one in Burkina Faso and the other in Ghana) through participatory methods, to jointly identify major constraints, and to discuss possible solutions with local communities. The agronomic and economic performance of irrigated agriculture at both sites were far from satisfactory, due to the lack of maintenance of the small reservoirs and irrigation schemes, sub-optimal crop management, and poor product marketing. These issues were analyzed with the farmers across differing sub-schemes and cropping systems and some solutions were envisaged. Our assessment showed that farmers often had difficulty obtaining quality agricultural inputs and marketing their products. The poor performance of irrigated crops, due to poor condition of hydraulic infrastructures, poor agronomic management, and organizational failure provided only limited incomes for local households. Nevertheless, the existence and the many uses of small reservoirs improved food security and created indirect activities that also enhanced livelihoods. The local authorities generally considered preserving water to be a priority in small reservoir management, but the degradation of irrigation schemes could happen quickly and result in scheme failures, thus reducing indirect economic activities and causing under utilization or even abandonment of the small reservoir, unless appropriate measures are taken. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.	Irrigated crops; IWRM; Participatory approach; Sub Saharan Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79959195968	The impact of medium-sized canids on a seal bone assemblage from dunefield Midden, West Coast, South Africa	Stynder D.D.	2008	South African Archaeological Bulletin	63	188	10.2307/20475011	Iziko South African Museum, Cenozoic Palaeontology, Natural History Department, P.O. Box 61, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa	Stynder, D.D., Iziko South African Museum, Cenozoic Palaeontology, Natural History Department, P.O. Box 61, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-22344458038	Non-standard finite-difference methods for vibro-impact problems	Dumont Y., Lubuma J.M.-S.	2005	Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences	461	2058	10.1098/rspa.2004.1425	IREMIA, Université de la Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, 97400 Saint-Denis, France; Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	Dumont, Y., IREMIA, Université de la Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, 97400 Saint-Denis, France; Lubuma, J.M.-S., IREMIA, Université de la Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, 97400 Saint-Denis, France, Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	Impact oscillators are non-smooth systems with such complex behaviours that their numerical treatment by traditional methods is not always successful. We design non-standard finite-difference schemes in which the intrinsic qualitative parameters of the system - the restitution coefficient, the oscillation frequency and the structure of the nonlinear terms - are suitably incorporated. The schemes obtained are unconditionally stable and replicate a number of important physical properties of the involved oscillator system such as the conservation of energy between two consecutive impact times. Numerical examples, including the Duffing oscillator that develops a chaotic behaviour for some positions of the obstacle, are presented. It is observed that the cpu times of computation are of the same order for both the standard and the non-standard schemes. © 2005 The Royal Society.	Energy-preserving schemes; Impact oscillators; Non-smooth mechanics; Non-standard finite-difference method; Qualitative stability; Vibro-impact scheme	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-52249103111	Evaluation of the potential of using the modified Jensen-Haise model as an irrigation scheduling technique in Zimbabwe	Jabulani J.	2008	Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry	7	3	None	Irrigation and Water Engineering Department, Chinhoyi University of Technology, P. Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe	Jabulani, J., Irrigation and Water Engineering Department, Chinhoyi University of Technology, P. Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe	The majority of farmers in Zimbabwe do not practice any form of irrigation scheduling at all. The few that schedule their crops mainly use the US Bureau Class A Pan evaporimeter. Techniques such as the use of tensiometers, neutron probes, electrical resistance blocks, Time Domain Reflectrometry and also such methods as the Penman-Monteith still remain within the domain of researchers, and may be just a few commercial farmers. The accuracy of the pan evaporimeter is dependent upon several factors which the majority of farmers fail to take cognizance of. A need to develop or try another method which can be easier to use by farmers has long been outstanding. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of the modified Jensen-Haise (MJH) model calibrated to the local conditions of Banket area in Mashonaland West Province of Zimbabwe. The results showed that the daily evapotranspiration rates estimated using the MJH model were less fluctuating than those measured using the pan evaporimeter. The two methods gave monthly and annual values of the evapotranspiration rate that were comparable (standard estimation error of 7.98% and 6.19% respectively). According to these results the MJH model calibrated for local Banket area can be used successfully for irrigation scheduling and also for hydrological modeling and planning. The study also revealed that the MJH model is strongly sensitive to air temperature. During winter, the MJH model gave values that were lower than those measured from the pan evaporimeter and during summer when temperatures are high, the MJH model proportioned evapotranspiration rates which were generally higher than those from the pan evaporimeter.	Class pan evaporimeter; Irrigation scheduling; Modified Jensen-Haise model	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-82055176073	Performance assessment of smallholder irrigation in the central rift valley of Ethiopia	van Halsema G.E., Keddi Lencha B., Assefa M., Hengsdijk H., Wesseler J.	2011	Irrigation and Drainage	60	5	10.1002/ird.613	Irrigation and Water Engineering Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands; Jimma University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma, Ethiopia; Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Plant Research International, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands; Environmental Economics and Natural Resources Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands	van Halsema, G.E., Irrigation and Water Engineering Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands; Keddi Lencha, B., Jimma University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma, Ethiopia; Assefa, M., Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Hengsdijk, H., Plant Research International, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands; Wesseler, J., Environmental Economics and Natural Resources Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands	The recent increase in smallholder irrigation schemes in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia has been associated with the overexploitation of water resources while the economic viability of these schemes has been questioned. This paper assesses water use efficiencies of the Haleku Irrigation Scheme and quantifies improvement scenarios. The viability of these scenarios is discussed taking into account the socio-economic performance of the Haleku Irrigation Scheme and the nearby Dodicha Irrigation Scheme - that feature similar settings but contrasting socio-economic performance. The irrigation efficiency of Haleku is 35% but conveyance losses and application efficiencies vary widely across the scheme. Scenario results indicate scope for improvement and reduced water abstraction. Yields and economic returns of irrigated crops were higher in Haleku than in Dodicha but yields are still lower than attainable yields. Any strategy to increase irrigation efficiency will have to include a programme to improve crop productivity and economic returns. Considering the over-abstraction of water resources the poor irrigation performance of Haleku and the disappointing socio-economic performance of both Haleku and Dodicha suggest that policy should focus on improving existing schemes in the Central Rift Valley instead of further developing new ones. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.	Horticulture; Irrigation efficiency; Poverty reduction; Water management	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84926687213	Galactic production of 138La: Impact of 138,139La statistical properties	Kheswa B.V., Wiedeking M., Giacoppo F., Goriely S., Guttormsen M., Larsen A.C., Bello Garrote F.L., Eriksen T.K., Görgen A., Hagen T.W., Koehler P.E., Klintefjord M., Nyhus H.T., Papka P., Renstrøm T., Rose S., Sahin E., Siem S., Tornyi T.	2015	Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics	744	None	10.1016/j.physletb.2015.03.065	IThemba LABS, P.O. Box 722, Somerset West, South Africa; Physics Department, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland,Stellenbosch, South Africa; Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Institut d'Astronomie et d'Astrophysique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 226, Brussels, Belgium	Kheswa, B.V., IThemba LABS, P.O. Box 722, Somerset West, South Africa, Physics Department, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland,Stellenbosch, South Africa; Wiedeking, M., IThemba LABS, P.O. Box 722, Somerset West, South Africa; Giacoppo, F., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Goriely, S., Institut d'Astronomie et d'Astrophysique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 226, Brussels, Belgium; Guttormsen, M., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Larsen, A.C., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Bello Garrote, F.L., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Eriksen, T.K., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Görgen, A., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Hagen, T.W., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Koehler, P.E., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Klintefjord, M., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Nyhus, H.T., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Papka, P., Physics Department, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland,Stellenbosch, South Africa; Renstrøm, T., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Rose, S., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Sahin, E., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Siem, S., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Tornyi, T., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway	The γ-ray strength functions and nuclear level densities of 138La and 139La have been measured below the neutron separation energies. These new data were used to calculate astrophysical Maxwellian-averaged (n, γ) cross-sections to investigate the production and destruction of the p-nucleus 138La in the photodisintegration process. The results confirm the underproduction of 138La in the p-process with respect to the observed abundances and strongly support the ν-process through νe capture on 138Ba as the main contributor to the synthesis of 138La in Type II supernovae. © 2015 The Authors.	Maxwellian averaged cross-sections; Nuclear level densities; γ-ray strength functions	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-59849117172	Fe mineralogy of rocks from the Vredefort impact structure investigated with Mössbauer spectroscopy	Bharuth-Ram K., Hart R.J., Gunnlaugsson H.P.	2008	Hyperfine Interactions	186	42372	10.1007/s10751-008-9854-y	IThemba Labs, Somerset West 7129, South Africa; School of Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa; Institute of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark	Bharuth-Ram, K., IThemba Labs, Somerset West 7129, South Africa, School of Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa; Hart, R.J., IThemba Labs, Somerset West 7129, South Africa; Gunnlaugsson, H.P., Institute of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark	The Vredefort impact structure in South Africa is the largest and oldest remnant impact structure on Earth. Observations from above the crater reveal lower than average magnetic field intensities, but the rocks in the crater have been shown to possess much higher magnetic intensities than the regional average that varies on a centimeter scale. Various mechanisms, including the presence of single domain magnetite structures, have been proposed for this anomaly. Mössbauer spectroscopy has been applied to study the Fe-mineralogy of samples from near the centre of the Vredefort crater. Transmission Mössbauer measurements on bulk and microtomics sections of samples showed that the magnetic minerals were magnetite and hematite, and we suggest that oxidation of olivine during the impact is responsible for the magnetic properties of the rocks. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.	Fe mineralogy; Impact structure; Magnetic field intensities; Mössbauer spectroscopy; Vredefort impact structure	None	None
None	None	Performance of Four Rice Cultivars Transplanted Monthly over Full Year under Irrigated Conditions in Tanzania	Sekiya N., Shayo A.C., Jacob M.K., Oizumi N., Tomitaka M., Araki H.	2015	Rice Science	22	2	10.1016/j.rsci.2015.05.008	Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), JICA Tanzania Office, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Kilimanjaro Agricultural Training Centre, Moshi, Tanzania; Ministry of Agriculture Training Institute Ilonga, Kilosa 66, Morogoro, Tanzania; Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan; Institute for Sustainable Agro-ecosystem Services, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Japan International Cooperation Agency, JICA Headquarters, Nibancho Center Building 5-25, Tokyo, Japan	Sekiya, N., Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), JICA Tanzania Office, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Institute for Sustainable Agro-ecosystem Services, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Shayo, A.C., Kilimanjaro Agricultural Training Centre, Moshi, Tanzania, Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan; Jacob, M.K., Ministry of Agriculture Training Institute Ilonga, Kilosa 66, Morogoro, Tanzania, Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan; Oizumi, N., Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), JICA Tanzania Office, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Tomitaka, M., Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), JICA Tanzania Office, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Japan International Cooperation Agency, JICA Headquarters, Nibancho Center Building 5-25, Tokyo, Japan; Araki, H., Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan	In Tanzania, the phenology and seasonal variations of the yields of different rice cultivars have rarely been studied, especially under fully-irrigated conditions. A trial was conducted to identify the most suitable calendar for rice production in Tanzania under fully-irrigated conditions. Four popular rice cultivars, NERICA1, Wahiwahi, IR64 and TXD306, were transplanted monthly from January to December 2011. The four cultivars recorded similarly higher or lower yields than the annual means when transplanted in July (0.50-0.57kg/m2) and April (0.07-0.31kg/m2). A yield-ranking analysis showed that plants transplanted in July was the most productive while those transplanted in April was the least productive, and also revealed a yield-seasonality for irrigated rice in Tanzania, a low-yield season (April-May), a high-yield season (June-August), and an unstable-yield season (September-March). These yield seasons would appear to be closely linked to seasonal temperature variations. When transplanted in April-May, plants were exposed to very low temperatures between panicle initiation and flowering, apparently reducing yield through cold-induced sterility. Those transplanted in June-August prolonged their growth under relatively low temperatures and increased yield through increasing biomass production. In September-March, yield levels varied greatly due to the shortened phenological growth durations at higher temperatures. We conclude that under fully-irrigated conditions in Tanzania, rice should be transplanted in July to ensure the maximum production and yield stability. The yield-seasonality suggests that implementing measures to protect plants from low and high temperature stress at critical phenological stages may allow year-round rice production under fully-irrigated conditions in Tanzania. © 2015 China National Rice Research Institute. Hosting by Elsevier B.V.	Irrigated rice; Local variety; Phenological response; Temperature; Yield component; Yield performance	None	None
None	None	Performance of a number of NERICA cultivars in Zanzibar, Tanzania: Yield, yield components and grain quality	Sekiya N., Khatib K.J., Makame S.M., Tomitaka M., Oizumi N., Araki H.	2013	Plant Production Science	16	2	None	Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), JICA Tanzania Office, P. O. Box 9450, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Zanzibar Agricultural Research Institute, P. O. Box 159, Zanzibar, Tanzania; Experimental Farm, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan	Sekiya, N., Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), JICA Tanzania Office, P. O. Box 9450, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Khatib, K.J., Zanzibar Agricultural Research Institute, P. O. Box 159, Zanzibar, Tanzania; Makame, S.M., Zanzibar Agricultural Research Institute, P. O. Box 159, Zanzibar, Tanzania; Tomitaka, M., Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), JICA Tanzania Office, P. O. Box 9450, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Oizumi, N., Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), JICA Tanzania Office, P. O. Box 9450, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Araki, H., Experimental Farm, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan	The cultivars of NERICA (New Rice for Africa), which are characterized by early maturity and high yield potential under rainfed conditions, have the potential to increase rice production in Tanzania, where rice cultivation is greatly affected by a short rainy season. Trials were conducted in Zanzibar to examine the yield performances of 14 NERICA cultivars at five locations during the long-rains season (Masika) and at another five locations during the short-rains season (Vuli). The NERICA cultivars produced significantly higher yields than local cultivars at five locations. Yields of 12 NERICA cultivars were associated with rainfall (R2 = 0.367 to 0.732) such that they yielded well during Masika (109 to 343 g m-2) and poorly during Vuli (11 to 68 g m-2). Spikelet number per panicle and percentage of filled spikelets (% filled spikelets) accounted for 70 to 90% of the yield variation in all cultivars, suggesting that yield was determined mainly during the later part of the growth period. In some cultivars, yield was associated with rainfall during the later part of the growth period but the yield of the remainder was associated with rainfall during the early part. A selected group of farmers, extension workers and researchers evaluated grain quality. Some cultivars scored well, especially NERICA 1. We conclude that NERICAs are generally suitable for production during Masika and that NERICA 1 especially should be promoted due to its high grain quality. However, for double cropping of NERICAs, measures must be implemented for increasing or maintaining the water status of the soil during Vuli.	Early maturing variety; Multi-location trial; Palatability test; Rainfed rice; Upland rice	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80052094161	Developing a large stone asphalt mix to improve the performance of asphalt surfacing	Geldenhuys J.R.	2011	European Journal of Scientific Research	58	1	None	Jeffares and Green (Pty) Ltd. Engineering and Environmental Consulting Menlo Park, Pretoria, South Africa	Geldenhuys, J.R., Jeffares and Green (Pty) Ltd. Engineering and Environmental Consulting Menlo Park, Pretoria, South Africa	This study sets out to investigate the possibility of increasing the stone size and volume in an asphalt mixture to enhance the performance of the asphalt mixture. The study will focus on the asphalt mixes for surfacings with the viewpoint to the coal haulage industry. An increase in axle loads of traffic on roads has deteriorated the image and performance of roads. This has promoted the opportunity to investigate this option and provide a possible solution to the problem. Generally the underlying layers of a pavement can cope with the increase in loads, it is when there is breakage in the surfacing that problems occur. Water washes out fines and the pavement under the crack collapse as time goes on. An improvement in the performance of asphalt surfacing to withstand an increase in axle loads will eliminate the presence of potholes on roads. © 2011 EuroJournals Publishing, Inc.	Asphalt; Deformation; Fatigue; Large Stone; Rut Resistance; Surfacing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894311212	Cloud computing and virtualization within the regional climate model and evaluation system	Mattmann C.A., Waliser D., Kim J., Goodale C., Hart A., Ramirez P., Crichton D., Zimdars P., Boustani M., Lee K., Loikith P., Whitehall K., Jack C., Hewitson B.	2014	Earth Science Informatics	7	1	10.1007/s12145-013-0126-2	Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; UCLA JIFRESSE, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Howard University, WA, DC, United States; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; University of Cape Town, South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa	Mattmann, C.A., Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States, UCLA JIFRESSE, Los Angeles, CA, United States, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Waliser, D., Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States, UCLA JIFRESSE, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Kim, J., UCLA JIFRESSE, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Goodale, C., Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Hart, A., Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Ramirez, P., Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Crichton, D., Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Zimdars, P., Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Boustani, M., Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Lee, K., Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Loikith, P., Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Whitehall, K., Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States, Howard University, WA, DC, United States; Jack, C., University of Cape Town, South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa; Hewitson, B., University of Cape Town, South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa	The Regional Climate Model Evaluation System (RCMES) facilitates the rapid, flexible inclusion of NASA observations into climate model evaluations. RCMES provides two fundamental components. A database (RCMED) is a scalable point-oriented cloud database used to elastically store remote sensing observations and to make them available using a space time query interface. The analysis toolkit (RCMET) is a Python-based toolkit that can be delivered as a cloud virtual machine, or as an installer package deployed using Python Buildout to users in order to allow for temporal and spatial regridding, metrics calculation (RMSE, bias, PDFs, etc.) and end-user visualization. RCMET is available to users in an "offline", lone scientist mode based on a virtual machine dynamically constructed with model outputs and observations to evaluate; or on an institution's computational cluster seated close to the observations and model outputs. We have leveraged RCMES within the content of the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) project, working with the University of Cape Town and other institutions to compare the model output to NASA remote sensing data; in addition we are also working with the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (NARCCAP). In this paper we explain the contribution of cloud computing to RCMES's specifically describing studies of various cloud databases we evaluated for RCMED, and virtualization toolkits for RCMET, and their potential strengths in delivering user-created dynamic regional climate model evaluation virtual machines for our users. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.	Apache; Hadoop; Hive; MongoDB; OODT; RCMES; Regional Climate Modeling; Sqoop	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894359286	Evaluation of the CORDEX-Africa multi-RCM hindcast: Systematic model errors	Kim J., Waliser D.E., Mattmann C.A., Goodale C.E., Hart A.F., Zimdars P.A., Crichton D.J., Jones C., Nikulin G., Hewitson B., Jack C., Lennard C., Favre A.	2014	Climate Dynamics	42	42496	10.1007/s00382-013-1751-7	JIFRESSE, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Sveriges Meteorologiska och Hydrologiska Institut, Norrköping, Sweden; University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Centre de Recherches de Climatologie, UMR 6282, Biogéosciences CNRS, Universitée de Bourgogne, Dijon, France	Kim, J., JIFRESSE, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Waliser, D.E., JIFRESSE, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Mattmann, C.A., JIFRESSE, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Goodale, C.E., Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Hart, A.F., Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Zimdars, P.A., Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Crichton, D.J., Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Jones, C., Sveriges Meteorologiska och Hydrologiska Institut, Norrköping, Sweden; Nikulin, G., Sveriges Meteorologiska och Hydrologiska Institut, Norrköping, Sweden; Hewitson, B., University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Jack, C., University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Lennard, C., University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Favre, A., University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, Centre de Recherches de Climatologie, UMR 6282, Biogéosciences CNRS, Universitée de Bourgogne, Dijon, France	Monthly-mean precipitation, mean (TAVG), maximum (TMAX) and minimum (TMIN) surface air temperatures, and cloudiness from the CORDEX-Africa regional climate model (RCM) hindcast experiment are evaluated for model skill and systematic biases. All RCMs simulate basic climatological features of these variables reasonably, but systematic biases also occur across these models. All RCMs show higher fidelity in simulating precipitation for the west part of Africa than for the east part, and for the tropics than for northern Sahara. Interannual variation in the wet season rainfall is better simulated for the western Sahel than for the Ethiopian Highlands. RCM skill is higher for TAVG and TMAX than for TMIN, and regionally, for the subtropics than for the tropics. RCM skill in simulating cloudiness is generally lower than for precipitation or temperatures. For all variables, multi-model ensemble (ENS) generally outperforms individual models included in ENS. An overarching conclusion in this study is that some model biases vary systematically for regions, variables, and metrics, posing difficulties in defining a single representative index to measure model fidelity, especially for constructing ENS. This is an important concern in climate change impact assessment studies because most assessment models are run for specific regions/sectors with forcing data derived from model outputs. Thus, model evaluation and ENS construction must be performed separately for regions, variables, and metrics as required by specific analysis and/or assessments. Evaluations using multiple reference datasets reveal that cross-examination, quality control, and uncertainty estimates of reference data are crucial in model evaluations. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.	Africa; CORDEX; Impact assessments; IPCC; RCM evaluation; Regional climate; Systematic model biases	None	NASA, National Aeronautics and Space Administration; 1125798, NSF, National Science Foundation; 2011-67004-30224, NSF, National Science Foundation
Scopus	2-s2.0-84891802809	In vivo antirabies activity evaluation of hydroethanolic extract of roots and leaves of Phytolacca dodecandra	Admasu P., Deressa A., Mengistu A., Gebrewold G., Feyera T.	2014	Global Veterinaria	12	1	10.5829/idosi.gv.2014.12.01.81150	Jigjiga University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ethiopia; Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute (EHNRI), Ethiopia	Admasu, P., Jigjiga University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ethiopia; Deressa, A., Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute (EHNRI), Ethiopia; Mengistu, A., Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute (EHNRI), Ethiopia; Gebrewold, G., Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute (EHNRI), Ethiopia; Feyera, T., Jigjiga University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ethiopia	The study was undertaken to evaluate antirabies activity of hydroethanolic extract of roots and leaves of Phytolacca dodecandra (L' Herit) (Phytolaccaceae), one of the widely used plants for traditional treatment of rabies in humans and animals in Ethiopia, by using mice model. The antirabies activity of both parts of plant extract in the doses of 300, 600 and 1000 mg/kg were compared with negative control based on the difference in survival rate and period (days) of group of mice challenged with rabies virus (CVS-11). The result showed that all doses of roots and 300 and 600 mg/kg doses of leaves of the plant extract didn't significantly (P>0.05) increase the survival period of mice compared to negative control group and significant (P<0.05) survival period decrement was obtained compared to both positive control groups. However, 1000 mg/kg dose of leaves of the plant extract was significantly (P<0.05) increased the survival period of mice as compared to their respective negative control group. The finding indicated the existence of some antirabies activity in extract of leaves of P. dodecandra at higher dose, for which further research is needed to elucidate its active ingredients. © IDOSI Publications, 2014.	Antirabies; Hydroethanolic extract; In vivo; Phytolacca dodecandra	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896440668	Evaluation of potential yield and chemical composition of selected indigenous multi-purpose fodder trees in three districts of Wolayta zone, Southern Ethiopia	Geta T., Nigatu L., Animut G.	2014	World Applied Sciences Journal	31	3	10.5829/idosi.wasj.2014.31.03.2023	Jigjiga University, P.O. Box 1020, Jigjiga, Ethiopia; Haramaya University, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia	Geta, T., Jigjiga University, P.O. Box 1020, Jigjiga, Ethiopia, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia; Nigatu, L., Haramaya University, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia; Animut, G., Haramaya University, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia	Ethiopia is believed to have the largest livestock population in Africa and the major limiting factor among others for livestock production is nutrition both in terms of quantity and quality. To curb the problem of feed availability, use of indigenous multipurpose fodder trees would be regarded as good option. In this study, we evaluated the potential yield and chemical composition of selected indigenous multi-purpose fodder trees in three districts of Wolayta zone, Southern Ethiopia. A total of 28 indigenous MPFT species were identified. The five MPFT species from identified indigenous fodder were important and taken in this study for biomass estimation and laboratory analysis were Erythrina brucei, Vernonia amygalina, Ehertia cymosa, Cordia africana and Dovylas abyssinica. Potential yield of the selected MPFTs ranges from 25 kg for Dovylas abssinica in Humbo district to 959 kg for Erythrina brucei in Sodo Zuria district and vary significantly (P < 0.05) among the selected MPFTs and among the districts. The five selected indigenous MPFT species had chemical composition of 11-21% Crude protein, 8-14% ash, 38-56% Neutral detergent fiber, 33-51% Acid detergent fiber and 9-17% lignin, indicating their wide variability among species (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that the indigenous MPFT species can be considered to be a potential source of CP to supplement poor quality roughages to fill the gap especially in dry season. © IDOSI Publications, 2014.	Chemical Composition; Feeding system; Indigenous; Multipurpose Fodder trees; Potential yield	None	None
WoS	WOS:000270679700008	Evaluation of HIV/AIDS clinical care quality: the case of a referral hospital in North West Ethiopia	Alemayehu, Yibeltal Kiflie,Bushen, Oluma Yoseph,Muluneh, Ayalew Tegegn	2009	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR QUALITY IN HEALTH CARE	21	5	10.1093/intqhc/mzp030	Jimma Univ, Tulane Univ	None	Objective. To assess the quality of clinical care provided to patients with HIV in Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital. Approach and design. Normative evaluation based on Donabedian's structure-process-outcome model of health care quality Cross-sectional study design was employed to gather data in September 2007. Setting. Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital is a government hospital in North West Ethiopia. The hospital is providing clinical care for patients infected with HIV free of patient charge since 2005. Measures. The evaluation used 10 process and 5 outcome indicators of quality measured by reviewing 351 randomly selected patient records and interview with 368 patients. Resource inventory was conducted to assess the availability of trained staff, laboratory facilities and drugs required for provision of HFV care. Results. All resources recommended by the national antiretroviral therapy (ARI) Implementation Guideline including trained staff, laboratory facilities and drugs were continuously available, except for a shortage of cotritnoxazole. Despite this, important components of care and treatment recommended by national treatment guidelines were not delivered for significant portion of patients. The study showed that only 45.9% of patients eligible for cotrimoxazole prophylactic therapy (CPT) and 76.8% of patients eligible for ART were actually taking CPT and ART, respectively. Compliance with national guidelines to monitor patients was also found to be a major problem. Conclusion. Availability of resources alone does not ensure the quality of HIV care and treatment. The study results indicate a need for regular monitoring and improvement of processes and outcomes of care in the Ethiopian Health System.	"QUALITY IMPROVEMENT","QUALITY INDICATORS","quality measurement","ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",BASE-LINE,"CD4 CELL COUNT","COTRIMOXAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS",HEALTH-CARE,HIV-INFECTION,MEDICAL-CARE,MORTALITY,UNITED-STATES,"VIRAL LOAD"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80052851509	Quality evaluation of honey produced in gomma woreda of South Western ethiopia	Kinati C., Tolemariam T., Debele K.	2011	Livestock Research for Rural Development	23	9	None	Jimma University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, PO Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia	Kinati, C., Jimma University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, PO Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia; Tolemariam, T., Jimma University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, PO Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia; Debele, K., Jimma University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, PO Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia	This study was designed to evaluate different honey samples obtained from local market and beekeepers for their quality parameters at Gomma woredas, south west Ethiopia. Sixty samples were collected to evaluate their moisture, pH, acidity, ash, Estimation of Hydroxymethyl Furfural (HMF), water insoluble solids, total reducing sugar and sucrose content. The result showed locally produced honey had moisture, ash, acid, and pH contents ranged between 15.66 to 23.45%, 0.05-0.60, 0.30 and 57.30 meq kg- 1,3.45 and 4.18, respectively, which is within the standard limits. Similarly, the HMF and reducing sugar contents of locally produced honeys ranged from 0.05 to 17.70 mg kg-1 and 61.15 and 77.41%, respectively. The water insoluble material content of the honey samples ranged between 0.01 and 23.82 gm/100gm while the sucrose content ranged between 0.75-6.96 for the tested samples of locally produced honey. The result indicated that moisture content of honey at farmer level is increasing due to harvesting of un ripened honey and improper storage condition, which increases the hygroscopic of honey. Generally, the mean of all samples were found to be in acceptable range of international standards for all of the tested parameters except for water insoluble material indicating its potential for export with few management interventions.	Composition; Farmers; Market	None	None
WoS	WOS:000240681100014	Impact of a communication programme on female genital cutting in eastern Nigeria	Agbasimalo, Ada,Babalola, Stella,Brasington, Angela,Helland, Anna,Nwanguma, Edith,Onah, Nkechi	2006	TROPICAL MEDICINE &amp; INTERNATIONAL HEALTH	11	10	10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01701.x	Johns Hopkins University, HCP FGC, Natl Assoc Women Journalists, Save Children, Women Act Res Org	None	This study describes a female genital cutting (FGC) elimination communication programme in Enugu State and assesses its impact in changing relevant knowledge, attitudes and behavioural intentions. The FGC programme combined a community mobilization component with targeted advocacy and mass media activities. Data for assessing the impact of the programme derived from baseline and follow-up surveys in three intervention local government areas (LGA) in Enugu State and three comparison LGAs in Ebonyi State. An ideation model of behaviour change guided the analyses of the impact of the programme on personal advocacy for FGC, perceived self-efficacy to refuse pressure to perform FGC, perceived social support for FGC discontinuation, perceived benefits of FGC, perceived health complications of FGC and intention not to perform FGC on daughters. The analytical methods include comparing change in pertinent outcome variables from baseline to follow-up in the two study states and using logistic regression on follow-up data for the intervention state to assess the link between programme exposure and the relevant outcome indicators. The data show that while the pertinent ideational factors and the intention not to perform FGC either worsened or remained stagnant in Ebonyi State, they improved significantly in Enugu State. The logistic regression results show that programme exposure is associated with the expected improvements in all the pertinent indicators. The multimedia communication programme has been effective in changing FGC-related attitudes and promoting the intention not to perform FGC.	COMMUNICATION,"community action cycle","female genital cutting",ideation,NIGERIA,BEHAVIOR,BURKINA-FASO,CIRCUMCISION,IDEATION,"LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS",MUTILATION	None	None
WoS	WOS:000302270600009	Meaningful involvement of people living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda through linkages between network groups and health facilities: An evaluation study	Kalibala, Samuel,Kim, Young Mi,Lukwago, John,Neema, Stella,Weiss, Deborah C.	2012	PSYCHOLOGY HEALTH &amp; MEDICINE	17	2	10.1080/13548506.2011.592844	Johns Hopkins University, Hlth Consult Ltd, Makerere Inst Social Res	"Kim, Young Mi: Johns Hopkins University",	While community-based groups are able to provide vital support to people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV), their organizational and technical capacities are limited, and they frequently operate in isolation from PLHIV groups. We evaluated a three-year project implemented by the International HIV/AIDS Alliance in Uganda to increase the involvement of PLHIV in the HIV/AIDS response and to improve access to and utilization of prevention, treatment, care, and support services for households affected by HIV/AIDS. Information sources included project monitoring data, interviews with 113 key informants, and 17 focus group discussions in 11 districts. The evaluation found that PLHIV groups reached large numbers of people with education and awareness activities and made a growing number of referrals to health facilities and community-based services. The project trained individuals living openly with HIV as service providers in the community and at designated health facilities. Their presence helped to reduce the stigma that previously deterred PLHIV from seeking care and encouraged individuals to disclose their HIV status to spouses and family members. The project has put into practice the widely endorsed principles of greater and meaningful involvement of PLHIV in a systematic manner and on a large scale. A wide audience-ranging from grassroots PLHIV networks and AIDS service organizations to national-level non-governmental organizations, government agencies, and international organizations-can benefit from the lessons learned.	Africa,HIV/AIDS,"meaningful involvement of people living with HIV",UGANDA	None	None
WoS	WOS:000329277700001	The impact of Fogarty International Center research training programs on public health policy and program development in Kenya and Uganda	Bennett, Sara,M'Imunya, James M.,Paina, Ligia,Ssengooba, Freddie,Waswa, Douglas	2013	BMC PUBLIC HEALTH	13	None	10.1186/1471-2458-13-770	Johns Hopkins University, Makerere University, University of Nairobi	"Bennett, Sara: Johns Hopkins University","M'Imunya, James M.: University of Nairobi","Paina, Ligia: Johns Hopkins University","Ssengooba, Freddie: Makerere University"	Background: The Fogarty International Center (FIC) has supported research capacity development for over twenty years. While the mission of FIC is supporting and facilitating global health research conducted by U.S. and international investigators, building partnerships between health research institutions in the U.S. and abroad, and training the next generation of scientists to address global health needs, research capacity may impact health policies and programs and therefore have positive impacts on public health. We conducted an exploratory analysis of how FIC research training investments affected public health policy and program development in Kenya and Uganda. Methods: We explored the long term impacts of all FIC supported research training programs using case studies, in Kenya and Uganda. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 53 respondents and 29 focus group discussion participants across the two countries. Qualitative methods were supplemented by structured surveys of trainees and document review, including a review of evidence cited in policy documents. Results: In the primary focal areas of FIC grants, notably HIV/AIDS, there were numerous examples of work conducted by former FIC trainees that influenced national and global policies. Facilitators for this influence included the strong technical skills and scientific reputations of the trainees, and professional networks spanning research and policy communities. Barriers included the fact that trainees typically had not received training in research communication, relatively few policy makers had received scientific training, and institutional constraints that undermined alignment of research with policy needs. Conclusions: While FIC has not focused its programs on the goal of policy and program influence, its investments have affected global and national public health policies and practice. These influences have occurred primarily through strengthening research skills of scientists and developing strong in-country networks. Further success of FIC and similar initiatives could be stimulated by investing more in the training of policy-makers, seeking to better align research with policy needs through more grants that are awarded directly to developing country institutions, and grants that better incorporate policy maker perspectives in their design and governance. Addressing structural constraints, for example supporting the development of national research agendas that inform university research, would further support such efforts.	HIV/AIDS,"policy influence","research capacity",CAPACITY,DIAGNOSIS,"HIV-1 DISCORDANT COUPLES","HIV-1-INFECTED WOMEN",MORTALITY,NEVIRAPINE,PREVENTION,"RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL","SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS","TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000338029800001	Quality of Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision Services during Scale-Up: A Comparative Process Evaluation in Kenya, South Africa, Tanzania and Zimbabwe	Aduda, Dickens S. Omondi,Bertrand, Jane,Castor, Delivette,Cherutich, Peter,Fimbo, Bennett,Harvey, Steven A.,Hatzold, Karin,Jennings, Larissa,Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel,Perry, Linnea,Rech, Dino,Samkange, Christopher A.	2014	PLoS ONE	10	6	10.1371/journal.pone.0079525	Johns Hopkins University, Tulane University, United States Agency for International Development (USAID), University of Zimbabwe, Ctr HIV & AIDS Prevent Studies, Impact Res & Dev Org, Minist Hlth & Social Welf, Natl AIDS & Sexually Transmitted Infect Control P, US Agcy Int Dev	"Bertrand, Jane: Tulane University","Castor, Delivette: United States Agency for International Development (USAID)","Harvey, Steven A.: Johns Hopkins University","Jennings, Larissa: Johns Hopkins University","Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel: United States Agency for International Development (USAID)","Perry, Linnea: Tulane University","Samkange, Christopher A.: University of Zimbabwe",	Background: The rapid expansion of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) has raised concerns whether health systems can deliver and sustain VMMC according to minimum quality criteria. Methods and Findings: A comparative process evaluation was used to examine data from SYMMACS, the Systematic Monitoring of the Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision Scale-Up, among health facilities providing VMMC across two years of program scale-up. Site-level assessments examined the availability of guidelines, supplies and equipment, infection control, and continuity of care services. Direct observation of VMMC surgeries were used to assess care quality. Two sample tests of proportions and t-tests were used to examine differences in the percent of facilities meeting requisite preparedness standards and the mean number of directly-observed surgical tasks performed correctly. Results showed that safe, high quality VMMC can be implemented and sustained at-scale, although substantial variability was observed over time. In some settings, facility preparedness and VMMC service quality improved as the number of VMMC facilities increased. Yet, lapses in high performance and expansion of considerably deficient services were also observed. Surgical tasks had the highest quality scores, with lower performance levels in infection control, pre-operative examinations, and post-operative patient monitoring and counseling. The range of scale-up models used across countries additionally underscored the complexity of delivering high quality VMMC. Conclusions: Greater efforts are needed to integrate VMMC scale-up and quality improvement processes in sub-Saharan African settings. Monitoring of service quality, not just adverse events reporting, will be essential in realizing the full health impact of VMMC for HIV prevention.	,"HIV PREVENTION",MEN,SAFETY,TRIAL	None	None
WoS	WOS:000322634100001	Evaluating institutional capacity for research ethics in Africa: a case study from Botswana	Ali, Joseph,Hyder, Adnan A.,Kass, Nancy,Ndebele, Paul,Ssekubugu, Robert,Zafar, Waleed	2013	BMC MEDICAL ETHICS	14	None	10.1186/1472-6939-14-31	Johns Hopkins University, Uganda Virus Research Institute, University of Botswana	"Ali, Joseph: Johns Hopkins University","Ndebele, Paul: University of Botswana","Ssekubugu, Robert: Uganda Virus Research Institute","Zafar, Waleed: Johns Hopkins University"	Background: The increase in the volume of research conducted in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMIC), has brought a renewed international focus on processes for ethical conduct of research. Several programs have been initiated to strengthen the capacity for research ethics in LMIC. However, most such programs focus on individual training or development of ethics review committees. The objective of this paper is to present an approach to institutional capacity assessment in research ethics and application of this approach in the form of a case study from an institution in Africa. Methods: We adapted the Octagon model originally used by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency to assess an organization along eight domains in research ethics: basic values and identity; structure and organization; ability to carry out activities; relevance of activities to stated goals; capacity of staff and management; administrative, financing and accounting systems; its relations with target groups; and the national context. We used a mixed methods approach to collect empirical data at the University of Botswana from March to December 2010. Results: The overall shape of the external evaluation Octagon suggests that strengths of the University of Botswana are in the areas of structure, relevance, production and identity; while the university still needs more work in the areas of systems of finance, target groups, and environment. The Octagons also show the similarities and discrepancies between the 'external' and 'internal' evaluations and provide an opportunity for exploration of these different assessments. For example, the discrepant score for 'identity' between internal and external evaluations allows for an exploration of what constitutes a strong identity for research ethics at the University of Botswana and how it can be strengthened. Conclusions: There is a general lack of frameworks for evaluating research ethics capacity in LMICs. We presented an approach that stresses evaluation from both internal and external perspectives. This case study highlights the university's rapid progress in developing research ethics capacity and points to some notable areas for improvement. We believe that such an empirically-driven and participatory assessment allows a more holistic measurement and promotion of institutional capacity strengthening for research ethics in LMICs.	Africa,BIOETHICS,BOTSWANA,"capacity development","research ethics",CLINICAL-RESEARCH,GLOBALIZATION,"HEALTH RESEARCH","MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES",POLICY,SYSTEMS	None	None
WoS	WOS:000284753100009	Socioeconomic impact of road traffic injuries in West Africa: exploratory data from Nigeria	Hyder, Adnan A.,Juillard, Catherine,Kobusingye, Olive,Labinjo, Mariam	2010	INJURY PREVENTION	16	6	10.1136/ip.2009.025825	Johns Hopkins University, University of California Los Angeles, University of California System, World Hlth Org	"Hyder, Adnan A.: Johns Hopkins University","Juillard, Catherine: University of California Los Angeles","Juillard, Catherine: University of California System",	Background Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are increasingly contributing to the burden of disease in sub-Saharan Africa, yet little is known about the economic consequences and disability associated with them. Objective To explore cost and disability consequences of RTIs in Nigeria. Design A population-based survey using two-stage stratified cluster sampling. Subject/setting Information on care-seeking choice, cost of treatment, ability to work, reduction in earnings, and disability were collected on 127 subjects who had suffered an RTI, of 3082 study subjects in seven Nigerian states. Outcome measures Univariate analysis was used to estimate frequency of disability, types of care sought, and trends for work lost, functional ability and cost of treatment. Unadjusted bivariate analysis was performed to explore care-seeking, cost of care, and work lost among disabled and non-disabled people. Results RTIs resulted in disability for 29.1% of subjects, while 13.5% were unable to return to work. Of the disabled people, 67.6% were unable to perform activities of daily living, 16.7% consequently lost their jobs, and 88.6% had a reduction in earnings. Private physician and hospital treatment were the most common forms of initial treatment sought, but traditional treatment was the most common second form of care sought. Average direct costs of informal and formal treatment were US $6.65 and US$35.64, respectively. Disabled people were more likely to seek formal care (p=0.003) and be unable to work (p=0.002). Conclusions Economic and functional ramifications must be included in the spectrum of consequences of RTIs to fully appreciate the extent of the burden of disease, implying that health systems should not only address the clinical consequences of RTIs, but the financial ones as well.	,BURDEN,GHANA,"RURAL AREA"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000274440200002	Cost-effectiveness of educational outreach to primary care nurses to increase tuberculosis case detection and improve respiratory care: economic evaluation alongside a randomised trial	Bachmann, Max O.,Bateman, Eric D.,Bheekie, Angeni,Chapman, Ronald,English, Rene,Fairall, Lara,Lombard, Carl,Majara, Bosielo,Mayers, Pat,Niessen, Louis W.,Peters, Annatjie,van Rensburg, Dingie,Zwarenstein, Merrick	2010	TROPICAL MEDICINE &amp; INTERNATIONAL HEALTH	15	3	10.1111/j.1365-3156.2009.02455.x	Johns Hopkins University, University of Cape Town, University of East Anglia, University of the Free State, University of the Western Cape, University of Toronto, Free State Dept Hlth, MRC, Sunnybrook Res Inst	"Bachmann, Max O.: University of East Anglia","Bateman, Eric D.: University of Cape Town","Bheekie, Angeni: University of the Western Cape","English, Rene: University of Cape Town","Fairall, Lara: University of Cape Town","Majara, Bosielo: University of the Free State","Mayers, Pat: University of Cape Town","Niessen, Louis W.: Johns Hopkins University","van Rensburg, Dingie: University of the Free State","Zwarenstein, Merrick: University of Toronto",	OBJECTIVE To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of an educational outreach intervention to improve primary respiratory care by South African nurses. METHODS Cost-effectiveness analysis alongside a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial, with individual patient data. The intervention, the Practical Approach to Lung Health in South Africa (PALSA), comprised educational outreach based on syndromic clinical practice guidelines for tuberculosis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia and other respiratory diseases. The study included 1999 patients aged 15 or over with cough or difficult breathing, attending 40 primary care clinics staffed by nurses in the Free State province. They were interviewed at first presentation, and 1856 (93%) were interviewed 3 months later. RESULTS The intervention increased the tuberculosis case detection rate by 2.2% and increased the proportion of patients appropriately managed ( that is, diagnosed with tuberculosis or prescribed an inhaled corticosteroid for asthma or referred with indicators of severe disease) by 10%. It costs the health service $68 more for each extra patient diagnosed with tuberculosis and $15 more for every extra patient appropriately managed. Analyses were most sensitive to assumptions about how long training was effective for and to inclusion of household and tuberculosis treatment costs. CONCLUSION This educational outreach method was more effective and more costly than usual training in improving tuberculosis, asthma and urgent respiratory care. The extra cost of increasing tuberculosis case detection was comparable to current costs of passive case detection. The syndromic approach increased cost-effectiveness by also improving care of other conditions. This educational intervention was sustainable, reaching thousands of health workers and hundreds of clinics since the trial.	EDUCATION,"HEALTH ECONOMICS","LUNG DISEASE","PRIMARY CARE","randomised trial",TUBERCULOSIS,CAPE-TOWN,COMMUNITY,COUNTRIES,ILLNESS,INTERVENTION,"LUNG HEALTH","PRACTICAL APPROACH",SOUTH-AFRICA,STRATEGIES,TANZANIA	None	None
WoS	WOS:000345396200009	Prevalence and Health Impact of Intimate Partner Violence and Non-partner Sexual Violence Among Female Adolescents Aged 15-19 Years in Vulnerable Urban Environments: A Multi-Country Study	Acharya, Rajib,Brahmbhatt, Heena,Cheng, Yan,Covarrubias, Laura,Decker, Michele R.,Delany-Moretlwe, Sinead,Gao, Ersheng,Ojengbede, Oladosu,Olumide, Adesola,Peitzmeier, Sarah	2014	JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH	55	6	10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.08.022	Johns Hopkins University, University of Ibadan, University of Witwatersrand, Shanghai Inst Planned Parenthood Res	"Brahmbhatt, Heena: Johns Hopkins University","Covarrubias, Laura: Johns Hopkins University","Decker, Michele R.: Johns Hopkins University","Delany-Moretlwe, Sinead: University of Witwatersrand","Ojengbede, Oladosu: University of Ibadan","Olumide, Adesola: University of Ibadan","Peitzmeier, Sarah: Johns Hopkins University",	Purpose: Globally, adolescent women are at risk for gender-based violence (GBV) including sexual violence and intimate partner violence (IPV). Those in economically distressed settings are considered uniquely vulnerable. Methods: Female adolescents aged 15-19 from Baltimore, Maryland, USA; New Delhi, India; Ibadan, Nigeria; Johannesburg, South Africa; and Shanghai, China (n = 1,112) were recruited via respondent-driven sampling to participate in a cross-sectional survey. We describe the prevalence of past-year physical and sexual IPV, and lifetime and past-year non-partner sexual violence. Logistic regression models evaluated associations of GBV with substance use, sexual and reproductive health, mental health, and self-rated health. Results: Among ever-partnered women, past-year IPV prevalence ranged from 10.2% in Shanghai to 36.6% in Johannesburg. Lifetime non-partner sexual violence ranged from 1.2% in Shanghai to 12.6% in Johannesburg. Where sufficient cases allowed additional analyses (Baltimore and Johannesburg), both IPV and non-partner sexual violence were associated with poor health across domains of substance use, sexual and reproductive health, mental health, and self-rated health; associations varied across study sites. Conclusions: Significant heterogeneity was observed in the prevalence of IPV and non-partner sexual violence among adolescent women in economically distressed urban settings, with upwards of 25% of ever-partnered women experiencing past-year IPV in Baltimore, Ibadan, and Johannesburg, and more than 10% of adolescent women in Baltimore and Johannesburg reporting non-partner sexual violence. Findings affirm the negative health influence of GBV even in disadvantaged urban settings that present a range of competing health threats. A multisectoral response is needed to prevent GBV against young women, mitigate its health impact, and hold perpetrators accountable. (C) 2014 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved.	ADOLESCENT,"intimate partner violence","sexual violence","1ST INTERCOURSE","DATING VIOLENCE","DOMESTIC VIOLENCE","GLOBAL PREVALENCE","HIV PREVENTION","REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH",SOUTH-AFRICA,"TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS",UNITED-STATES,WOMEN	None	None
WoS	WOS:000228149500054	An education and counseling program for preventing breast-feeding-associated HIV transmission in Zimbabwe: Design and impact on maternal knowledge and behavior	Gavin, L,HUMPHREY, JH,ILIFF, PJ,Lunney, K,Marinda, E,Nathoo, KJ,Piwoz, EG,Tavengwa, N,Zunguza, C,ZVITAMBO Study Grp	2005	JOURNAL OF NUTRITION	135	4	None	Johns Hopkins University, University of Zimbabwe	None	International guidance on HIV and infant feeding has evolved over the last decade. In response to these changes, we designed, implemented, and evaluated an education and counseling program for new mothers in Harare, Zimbabwe. The program was implemented within the ZVITAMBO trial, in which 14,1110 mother-baby pairs were enrolled within 96 h of delivery and were followed at 6 wk, 3 mo, and 3-mo intervals. Mothers were tested for HIV at delivery but were not required to learn their test results. Infant feeding patterns were determined using data provided up to 3 mo. Formative research was undertaken to guide the design of the program that included group education, individual counseling, videos, and brochures. The program was introduced over a 2-mo period: 11,362, 1311, and 1437 women were enrolled into the trial before, during, and after this period. Exclusive breast-feeding was recommended for mothers of unknown or negative HIV status, and for HIV-positive mothers who chose to breast-feed. A questionnaire assessing HIV knowledge and exposure to the program was administered to 1996 mothers enrolling after the program was initiated. HIV knowledge improved with increasing exposure to the program. Mothers who enrolled when the program was being fully implemented were 70% more likely to learn their HIV status early (&lt; 3 mo) and 8.4 times more likely to exclusively breast-feed than mothers who enrolled before the program began. Formative research aided in the design of a culturally sensitive intervention. The intervention increased relevant knowledge and improved feeding practices among women who primarily did not know their HIV status.	BREAST-FEEDING,"EXCLUSIVE BREAST-FEEDING",HIV,"MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION",ZIMBABWE,"TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000303341300009	Early Warning Indicators for Population-Based Monitoring of HIV Drug Resistance in 6 African Countries	Botes, Mariette E.,de Wit, Tobias F. Rinke,Geskus, Ronald B.,Hamers, Raph L.,Ive, Prudence,Kityo, Cissy,Labib, Moheb,Mandaliya, Kishor,Menke, Jack,Osibogun, Akin,PharmAccess African Studies Evalu,Sigaloff, Kim C. E.,Siwale, Margaret,Stevens, Wendy S.,van	2012	CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES	54	None	10.1093/cid/cir1015	Joint Clinic Research Center - United Arab Emirates, University of Amsterdam, University of Lagos, University of Witwatersrand, Coast Prov Gen Hosp, Copt Hosp, Lusaka Trust Hosp, Muelmed Hosp, Newlands Clin	"de Wit, Tobias F. Rinke: University of Amsterdam","Geskus, Ronald B.: University of Amsterdam","Hamers, Raph L.: University of Amsterdam","Ive, Prudence: University of Witwatersrand","Kityo, Cissy: Joint Clinic Research Center - United Arab Emirates","Osibogun, Akin: University of Lagos","Sigaloff, Kim C. E.: University of Amsterdam","Stevens, Wendy S.: University of Witwatersrand",	Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA testing and HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) testing are not routinely available for therapeutic monitoring of patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited settings. World Health Organization HIVDR early warning indicators (EWIs) assess ART site factors known to favor the emergence of HIVDR. HIV drug resistance EWI monitoring was performed within the PharmAccess African Studies to Evaluate Resistance Monitoring (PASER-M) study, comprising 13 ART sites in 6 African countries. Early warning indicator assessment in the PASER network identified vulnerable aspects of ART programs and triggered interventions aimed at minimizing HIVDR emergence. Additionally, data suggest an advantage of medication possession ratio over on-time antiretroviral drug pickup in identifying patients at risk for HIVDR development.	,ADHERENCE,ADULTS,"ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY","INFECTED PATIENTS",OUTCOMES,PREDICTORS,PREVENTION,SURVIVAL,"TREATMENT FAILURE","VIRAL LOAD"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000303341300004	Building Capacity for the Assessment of HIV Drug Resistance: Experiences From the PharmAccess African Studies to Evaluate Resistance Network	Botes, Mariette E.,Conradie, Francesca,de Wit, Tobias F. Rinke,Hamers, Raph L.,Kityo, Cissy,Mandaliya, Kishor,Osibogun, Akin,PharmAccess African Studies Evalua,Sigaloff, Kim C. E.,Siwale, Margaret,Stevens, Wendy S.,Straatsma, Elske,van Vugt, Michele,Walli	2012	CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES	54	None	10.1093/cid/cir995	Joint Clinic Research Center - United Arab Emirates, University of Amsterdam, University of Lagos, University of Witwatersrand, Coast Prov Gen Hosp, Lusaka Trust Hosp, Muelmed Hosp, Newlands Clin	"Conradie, Francesca: University of Witwatersrand","Kityo, Cissy: Joint Clinic Research Center - United Arab Emirates","Osibogun, Akin: University of Lagos","Stevens, Wendy S.: University of Witwatersrand","Wallis, Carole L.: University of Witwatersrand",	The PharmAccess African Studies to Evaluate Resistance (PASER) network was established as a collaborative partnership of clinical sites, laboratories, and research groups in 6 African countries; its purpose is to build research and laboratory capacity in support of a coordinated effort to assess population-level acquired and transmitted human immunodeficiency virus type-1 drug resistance (HIVDR), thus contributing to the goals of the World Health Organization Global HIV Drug Resistance Network. PASER disseminates information to medical professionals and policy makers and conducts observational research related to HIVDR. The sustainability of the network is challenged by funding limitations, constraints in human resources, a vulnerable general health infrastructure, and high cost and complexity of molecular diagnostic testing. This report highlights experiences and challenges in the PASER network from 2006 to 2010.	,"ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT",INDIVIDUALS,PREVENTION,STRATEGY,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA",THERAPY,"VIRAL LOAD"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79952945983	Perceived organizational politics as a moderator of the relationship between performance management processes and organizational justice perceptions: A study of few selected state corporations in Kenya	Gachunga H.G.	2011	International Journal of Knowledge, Culture and Change Management	10	8	None	Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya	Gachunga, H.G., Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya	In this study the moderating effects of perceived organizational politics (POPS) on performance management processes are studied. It was hypothesized that the strength of the relationship between performance management processes and organizational justice dimensions was dependent on perceived organizational politics. In a sample of over 900 employees drawn from employees working for state corporations in Kenya it was found that POPS has a moderating effect on performance evaluation processes and specifically on the procedural justice dimension of organizational justice. The study adopted multiple regression analysis. The implications of this research and directions for future research are discussed in this paper. © Common Ground, Hazel Gachoka Gachunga, All Rights Reserved.	Organizational justice; Perceived organizational politics; Performance management	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874625321	The effect of career development activities on employee performance: A case study of world agroforestry centre	Gachunga H.G., Wamoto E.	2012	International Journal of Knowledge, Culture and Change Management	11	6	None	Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya; CGIAR, Kenya	Gachunga, H.G., Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya; Wamoto, E., CGIAR, Kenya	Career development initiatives by organizations are a key retention tool and ensure that the best talent is retained. Career development activities give employees a clear focus about their career track and also ensure their career aspirations are met. Career development focuses on a whole range of activities and this research specifically addressed: mentoring, coaching and formal training activities, and their effect on employee performance. The key objectives were to establish whether mentoring, coaching and formal training had an effect on employee performance in ICRAF, a research-based institution. The research design adopted was descriptive research and the target population was 385, from which a sample of 277 was drawn. The study yielded a response rate of 76%. The data was analysed using multiple regression analysis and yielded significant results. © Common Ground, Hazel Gachoka Gachunga, Esther Wamoto, All Rights Reserved.	Career development; Mentoring and coaching	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84881245114	Investigating the impact of rice blast disease on the livelihood of the local farmers in Greater Mwea region of Kenya	Kihoro J., Bosco N.J., Murage H., Ateka E., Makihara D.	2013	SpringerPlus	2	1	10.1186/2193-1801-2-308	Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O BOX 62000, Nairobi 00200, Kenya; Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan	Kihoro, J., Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O BOX 62000, Nairobi 00200, Kenya; Bosco, N.J., Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O BOX 62000, Nairobi 00200, Kenya; Murage, H., Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O BOX 62000, Nairobi 00200, Kenya; Ateka, E., Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O BOX 62000, Nairobi 00200, Kenya; Makihara, D., Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan	Rice is the most important cereal crop in Kenya coming third after maize and wheat. It forms a very important diet for a majority of families in Kenya. The demand for rice in Kenya has seen a dramatic increase over the last few years while production has remained low. This is because rice production has been faced by serious constraints notably plant diseases of which the most devastating is rice blast. Rice blast is known to cause approximately 60% - 100% yield losses. It is caused by an Ascomycete fungus called Magnaporthe Oryzae. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of rice blast disease on the livelihood of the local farmers in Greater Mwea region and develop a rice blast disease distribution map using GIS approach. The study methodology employed a questionnaire survey which were subjected to sample population of households in the 7 sections with 70 blocks within Mwea region. The collected data was analysed using SAS Version 9.1. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the household characteristics, the farm characteristics and the farmers' perceptions of rice blast disease. In the questionnaire, farmers' response on whether they had been affected by rice blast disease and the total production per acreage was used to develop an attribute table with GPS points. The GPS points were interpolated to create a geographical distribution map of rice blast disease. From the research findings almost all the farmers' had awareness and knowledge of rice blast disease, 98% of the farmers interviewed were aware of rice blast disease. Out of the 98% with knowledge and awareness 76% have been affected by the disease, while 24% have never been affected. Farmers attributed rice blast disease to a range of different causes, including excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer, water shortage, lack of proper drainage canal and due to climate change. Majority of the farmers interviewed (72%) did not engage themselves in any other socio-economic activity even after being affected by the rice blast disease. 15% opted to growing horticultural crops, 7% engaged in trading activities while 2% started livestock raring, wage earning and Boda boda business. © 2013 Kihoro et al.	Geographical distribution; GPS; Livelihood; Rice blast disease; Socio-economic activity	None	JSPS, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Scopus	2-s2.0-70349740880	Impact of liberalization on efficiency and productivity of sugar industry in Kenya	Mulwa M.R., Emrouznejad A., Murithi F.M.	2009	Journal of Economic Studies	36	3	10.1108/01443580910983843	Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany; Operational and Information Management Group, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Socio-Economics and Biometrics Division, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya	Mulwa, M.R., Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany; Emrouznejad, A., Operational and Information Management Group, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Murithi, F.M., Socio-Economics and Biometrics Division, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya	Purpose: The data used in this study is for the period 1980-2000. Almost midway through this period (in 1992), the Kenyan government liberalized the sugar industry and the role of the market increased, while the government's role with respect to control of prices, imports and other aspects in the sector declined. This exposed the local sugar manufacturers to external competition from other sugar producers, especially from the COMESA region. This study aims to find whether there were any changes in efficiency of production between the two periods (pre and post-liberalization). Design/methodology/approach: The study utilized two methodologies to efficiency estimation: data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the stochastic frontier. DEA uses mathematical programming techniques and does not impose any functional form on the data. However, it attributes all deviation from the mean function to inefficiencies. The stochastic frontier utilizes econometric techniques. Findings: The test for structural differences in the two periods does not show any statistically significant differences between the two periods. However, both methodologies show a decline in efficiency levels from 1992, with the lowest period experienced in 1998. From then on, efficiency levels began to increase. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first paper to use both methodologies in the sugar industry in Kenya. It is shown that in industries where the noise (error) term is minimal (such as manufacturing), the DEA and stochastic frontier give similar results. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Data anlaysis; Decision making; Kenya; Sugar	None	None
WoS	WOS:000315865700003	Unintended Impacts and the Gendered Consequences of Peacekeeping Economies in Liberia	Aning, Kwesi,Edu-Afful, Fiifi	2013	INTERNATIONAL PEACEKEEPING	20	1	10.1080/13533312.2013.761828	KAIPTC	None	Despite increased international attention to managing the potential impacts of peacekeeping on host countries, unintended consequences continue to emerge. This article focuses particularly on the alternative economies that peacekeeping operations generate and the differential economic impacts on individuals who come into contact with peacekeepers. Based on empirical evidence derived from fieldwork in Liberia, the article highlights the everyday lives of women whose livelihoods have been affected by the presence of peacekeeping missions. It also discusses how such economies adjust during the peacekeeping drawdown phase, and explores the dynamics that such economies have on specific segments of the Liberian population. The argument is that, while peacekeeping economies are critical in stimulating the local economy and providing livelihoods during and in the immediate aftermath of war, they have negative unintended impacts that need mitigation.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84858207345	Performance determinants of Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) in mathematics of secondary schools in Nyamaiya Division, Kenya	Yara P.O., Catherine W.W.	2011	Asian Social Science	7	2	None	Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda	Yara, P.O., Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda; Catherine, W.W.	The study found the performance determinants of students' performance in mathematics Kenya certificate of secondary education (KCSE) in Nyamaiya division of Kenya. The study employed descriptive survey design of the ex-post facto type with a total student population of 151 and 12 teachers. Four validated research instrument developed for the study were Mathematics Achievement Test (MAT) (r = 0.67), Students Questionnaire (SQ) (r = 0.75), Teachers Questionnaire (TQ) (r = 0.60 and Head teachers Questionnaire (HQ) (r = 0.70). Three research questions were answered. The data was analyzed using multiple regression analysis. There was a positive correlation among the six independent variables and the dependent measure - mathematics performance(R= 0.238; F (6,151)=1.53843; p&lt;0.05). The six variables accounted for 45.6% of the total variance in the independent measure (R 2 = 0.564). Teachers' experience (B=0.972, t=2.080; p&lt;0.05), teachers' qualification (B=0.182, t=2.390; p&lt;0.05), teachers/students' attitude (B=0.215, t= 2.821; p&lt;0.05) and school category (B=0.064, t=0.352; p&lt;0.05) could be used to predict students' academic performance in mathematics. It is therefore recommended that adequate attention should paid to these variables that can predict students' performance by the government and other stakeholders of education in Kenya.	Kenya certificate of education; Performance determinants; Secondary school mathematics; Students performance	None	None
WoS	WOS:000295535500012	Efficient monitoring of HIV-1 vertically infected children in Kenya on first-line antiretroviral therapy	Bi, Xiuqiong,Ichimura, Hiroshi,Ishizaki, Azumi,Lihana, Raphael W.,Lwembe, Raphael M.,Musoke, Rachel,Ochieng, Washingtone,Okoth, Frederick A.,Owens, Mary,Palakudy, Tresa,Panikulam, Annie,Songok, Elijah M.	2011	JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY	52	2	10.1016/j.jcv.2011.06.014	Kanazawa University, University of Nairobi, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nyumbani Childrens Home	"Bi, Xiuqiong: Kanazawa University","Ichimura, Hiroshi: Kanazawa University","Ishizaki, Azumi: Kanazawa University","Musoke, Rachel: University of Nairobi",	Background: Worldwide access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in low- and middle-income countries has significantly increased. Although this presents better treatment options for HIV-infected individuals, the challenge of monitoring ART in these settings still remains. Objective: To investigate efficient and cost-effective criteria for assessing ART failure among HIV-1-infected children on first-line ART in resource-limited settings. Study design: Retrospective analysis of 75 HIV-1 vertically infected Kenyan children with a follow-up period of 24 months after initiating ART. Plasma viral load, peripheral CD4(+)T-cell counts and HIV-1 drug-resistance mutations were monitored biannually. Results: Plasma viral load (VL) was suppressed to undetectable level or more than 1.5 log(10) from baseline levels in 53 (70.7%) children within 24 months. VL in the remaining 22 (29.3%) children was not suppressed significantly. Of the 22 children, 21 were infected with HIV-1 strains that developed drug-resistance mutations; 9 within 12 months and 12 between 12 and 24 months. Among the 53 who were successfully treated, VL was suppressed in 33 within 12 months and in 20 between 12 and 24 months. There was no significant difference in VL at baseline and the change of CD4(+)T-cell counts after initiating ART between those treated successfully and the failure groups. Conclusion: After initiating ART, children may require longer times to achieve complete viral suppression. Plasma viral load testing 24 months after initiating ART could be used to differentiate ART failures among HIV-1 vertically infected children in resource-limited settings. Additionally, drug resistance testing, if affordable, would be helpful in identifying those failing therapy and in choosing second-line regimens. (C) 2011 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.	"ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",CHILDREN,HIV-1,KENYA,"CD4 CELL COUNT","DISEASE PROGRESSION","DRUG-RESISTANCE MUTATIONS","FIXED-DOSE COMBINATION","HIV-1-INFECTED CHILDREN","IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1","RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS","REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITO	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949516955	Evaluation of factors affecting labour productivity in construction industry: A case study	Muhammad N.Z., Sani A., Muhammad A., Balubaid S., Ernest Ituma E., Suleiman J.H.	2015	Jurnal Teknologi	77	12	10.11113/jt.v77.6314	Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudli, Nigeria; Hadhramout University of Science and Technology, Mukalla, Yemen; Ebonyi State University, PMB 53, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; Federal College of Education (Technical), Ashaka Road PMB 060, G	Muhammad, N.Z., Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudli, Nigeria; Sani, A., Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudli, Nigeria; Muhammad, A., Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudli, Nigeria; Balubaid, S., Hadhramout University of Science and Technology, Mukalla, Yemen; Ernest Ituma, E., Ebonyi State University, PMB 53, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; Suleiman, J.H., Federal College of Education (Technical), Ashaka Road PMB 060, Gombe, Gombe State, Nigeria	Construction labor productivity is critical to the success of the industry. It is thus, important for the estimation and scheduling of construction project. However, most of the traditional construction firms have no accurate data on labor productivity. Therefore, this paper aims to identify through literature review those factors that affect labor production rate and evaluate their effects on the performance of the industry. The research made use of the 44 returned questionnaires from the contractors firms. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) to compute the mean score for each factor. These factors were subsequently ranked based on the mean score value.The results of the analysis has shown that, based on the management level factors “lack of motivation and incentive, lack of equipment, disruption of power and water supply and inspection delay” are the most significant factors affecting labour productivity each with mean score values of 0.79, 0.44, 0.38 and 0.35 respectively. Also based on the site level factors “lack of adequate skillful worker with specific scope of work” at site, delay in material supply, weather, access to the site, crew size and communication problems between foreign and local staff are the top six most significant factors affecting labour productivity each with the mean score values of 0.77, 0.75, 0.75, 0.66, 0.61 and 0.53 respectively. Similarly, all the respondents seem to have agreed in their perception on the severity of factors affecting labour productivity. © 2015 Penerbit UTM Press. All rights reserved.	Construction industry; Labour; Productivity	None	None
WoS	WOS:000260014000001	Impact of training in clinical and microscopy diagnosis of childhood malaria on antimalarial drug prescription and health outcome at primary health care level in Tanzania: A randomized controlled trial	Bjorkman, Anders,Gustafsson, Lars L.,Massele, Amos Y.,Mubi, Marycelina,Ngasala, Billy,Petzold, Max G.,Premji, Zul,Tomson, Goran,Warsame, Marian	2008	MALARIA JOURNAL	7	None	10.1186/1475-2875-7-199	Karolinska Institutet, Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Nord Sch Publ Hlth	"Bjorkman, Anders: Karolinska Institutet","Gustafsson, Lars L.: Karolinska Institutet","Tomson, Goran: Karolinska Institutet","Warsame, Marian: Karolinska Institutet",	Background: Prescribing antimalarial medicines based on parasite confirmed diagnosis of malaria is critical to rational drug use and optimal outcome of febrile illness. The impact of microscopy-based versus clinical-based diagnosis of childhood malaria was assessed at primary health care (PHC) facilities using a cluster randomized controlled training intervention trial. Methods: Sixteen PHC facilities in rural Tanzania were randomly allocated to training of health staff in clinical algorithm plus microscopy (Arm-I, n = 5) or clinical algorithm only (Arm-II, n = 5) or no training (Arm-III, n = 6). Febrile under-five children presenting at these facilities were assessed, treated and scheduled for follow up visit after 7 days. Blood smears on day 0 were only done in Arm-I but on Day 7 in all arms. Primary outcome was antimalarial drug prescription. Other outcomes included antibiotic prescription and health outcome. Multilevel regression models were applied with PHC as level of clustering to compare outcomes in the three study arms. Results: A total of 973, 1,058 and 1,100 children were enrolled in arms I, II and III, respectively, during the study period. Antimalarial prescriptions were significantly reduced in Arm-I (61.3%) compared to Arms-II (95.3%) and III (99.5%) (both P &lt; 0.001), whereas antibiotic prescriptions did not vary significantly between the arms (49.9%, 54.8% and 34.2%, respectively). In Arm-I, 99.1% of children with positive blood smear readings received antimalarial prescriptions and so did 11.3% of children with negative readings. Those with positive readings were less likely to be prescribed antibiotics than those with negative (relative risk = 0.66, 95% confidence interval: 0.55, 0.72). On day 7 follow-up, more children reported symptoms in Arm-I compared to Arm-III, but fewer children had malaria parasitaemia (p = 0.049). The overall sensitivity of microscopy reading at PHC compared to reference level was 74.5% and the specificity was 59.0% but both varied widely between PHCs. Conclusion: Microscopy based diagnosis of malaria at PHC facilities reduces prescription of antimalarial drugs, and appears to improve appropriate management of non-malaria fevers, but major variation in accuracy of the microscopy readings was found. Lack of qualified laboratory technicians at PHC facilities and the relatively short training period may have contributed to the shortcomings. Trial registration: This study is registered at Clinicaltrials. gov with the identifier NCT00687895.	,ACCURACY,ALGORITHM,AREA,CASE-MANAGEMENT,CHILDREN,"COMBINATION THERAPY",ILLNESS,"INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT",KENYA,"PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000296966900001	A qualitative evaluation of volunteers' experiences in a phase I/II HIV vaccine trial in Tanzania	Bakari, Muhammad,Kohi, Thecla W.,Kulane, Asli,Mhalu, Fred,Sandstrom, Eric,Tarimo, Edith A. M.,Thorson, Anna	2011	BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES	11	None	10.1186/1471-2334-11-283	Karolinska Institutet, Sodersjukhuset Hospital, Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci	"Kulane, Asli: Karolinska Institutet","Sandstrom, Eric: Karolinska Institutet","Sandstrom, Eric: Sodersjukhuset Hospital","Thorson, Anna: Karolinska Institutet",	Background: Evaluating experiences of volunteers in an HIV vaccine trial will be useful for the conduct of future trials. The purpose of this study among volunteers who participated in a phase I/II HIV vaccine trial in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania was to assess what characterized their experiences during the trial. Methods: We conducted four focus group discussions with 35 out of the 60 individuals (women and men) after the five scheduled vaccinations. An interpretive description approach was applied to data analysis. Results: As a result of the trial interventions, both men and women gained confidence in their own abilities to have safer, less risky sexual behaviour. The participants experienced the trial as a way of accessing free [insured] medical services. Most of the men said they had gone from self-medication to professional medical consultation. Despite these benefits, the participants faced various challenges during the trial. Such challenges included mistrust of the trial shown by health care providers who were not connected to the trial and discouragement from friends, colleagues and family members who questioned the safety of the trial. However, they managed to cope with these doubts by using both personal and trial related interventions. Conclusion: We found that during the phase I/II HIV vaccine trial, participants had both the opportunities and the ability to cope with the doubts from the surrounding community. Follow up visits enhanced the opportunities and individuals' abilities to cope with the doubts during the trial. Understanding this discourse may be useful for the trial implementers when designing future trials.	,"EFFICACY TRIAL","INTERPRETIVE DESCRIPTION",PARTICIPATION,"SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIOR","SOCIAL HARMS",THAILAND	None	None
WoS	WOS:000266170400003	Evaluation of customer handling competencies of Ethiopian employees'	Potluri, Rajasekhara Mouly,Zeleke, Awgichew Abiye	2009	AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT	3	4	None	Kazakh British Technical University, Mkt Expert Ethiopian Telecommun Corp Addis Ababa	"Potluri, Rajasekhara Mouly: Kazakh British Technical University",	Service quality has become essential for the survival of service companies to attract and retain customers in the present day's fiercely competing business world. Competent employees are the key to deliver excellent quality services, this study mainly focuses on evaluation of customer handling competencies of Ethiopian employees' which is an imperative to maximize customer satisfaction. Data for the study was collected through self administered questionnaires distributed to 300 customers and 500 employees of 50 companies in Ethiopia. Collected data was analyzed using SPSS software package. The result shows that most employees working at the front desk service areas did not demonstrate most of the basic marketing competency indicators. As a result, most customers were not satisfied with the service provided by the Ethiopian companies and ranked its service quality as poor. The research identifies basic competency deficiencies of Ethiopian employees in handling customers' and has managerial implication of how to staff the work force with the skill needed to deliver quality service.	"Customer handling/marketing competencies of frontline employees","customers' satisfaction","elements of marketing competency","factors affect employees' competency","service delivery standards"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84871258311	Genetic diversity of indigenous Bradyrhizobium nodulating promiscuous soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr.] varieties in Kenya: Impact of phosphorus and lime fertilization in two contrasting sites	Wasike V.W., Lesueur D., Wachira F.N., Mungai N.W., Mumera L.M., Sanginga N., Mburu H.N., Mugadi D., Wango P., Vanlauwe B.	2009	Plant and Soil	322	1	10.1007/s11104-009-9902-7	Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), P.O. Box 57811-00200, Nairobi, Kenya; Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Inst. of the Inter. Cent. for Tropical Agri. (TSBF-CIAT), United Nations Avenue, P.O. Box 30677, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Crops Horticulture and Soils, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Njoro, Kenya; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton, Kenya; CIRAD, PERSYST Department, UPR Ecosystems of Plantations, Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Inst. of the Inter. Cen. for Tropical Agri. (TSBF-CIAT), United Nations Avenue, P.O. Box 30677, Nairobi, Kenya	Wasike, V.W., Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), P.O. Box 57811-00200, Nairobi, Kenya, Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Inst. of the Inter. Cent. for Tropical Agri. (TSBF-CIAT), United Nations Avenue, P.O. Box 30677, Nairobi, Kenya, Department of Crops Horticulture and Soils, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Njoro, Kenya; Lesueur, D., CIRAD, PERSYST Department, UPR Ecosystems of Plantations, Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Inst. of the Inter. Cen. for Tropical Agri. (TSBF-CIAT), United Nations Avenue, P.O. Box 30677, Nairobi, Kenya; Wachira, F.N., Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton, Kenya; Mungai, N.W., Department of Crops Horticulture and Soils, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Njoro, Kenya; Mumera, L.M., Department of Crops Horticulture and Soils, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Njoro, Kenya; Sanginga, N., Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Inst. of the Inter. Cent. for Tropical Agri. (TSBF-CIAT), United Nations Avenue, P.O. Box 30677, Nairobi, Kenya; Mburu, H.N., Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Inst. of the Inter. Cent. for Tropical Agri. (TSBF-CIAT), United Nations Avenue, P.O. Box 30677, Nairobi, Kenya; Mugadi, D., Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Inst. of the Inter. Cent. for Tropical Agri. (TSBF-CIAT), United Nations Avenue, P.O. Box 30677, Nairobi, Kenya; Wango, P., Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Inst. of the Inter. Cent. for Tropical Agri. (TSBF-CIAT), United Nations Avenue, P.O. Box 30677, Nairobi, Kenya; Vanlauwe, B., Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Inst. of the Inter. Cent. for Tropical Agri. (TSBF-CIAT), United Nations Avenue, P.O. Box 30677, Nairobi, Kenya	While soybean is an exotic crop introduced in Kenya early last century, promiscuous (TGx) varieties which nodulate with indigenous rhizobia have only recently been introduced. Since farmers in Kenya generally cannot afford or access fertilizer or inoculants, the identification of effective indigenous Bradyrhizobium strains which nodulate promiscuous soybean could be useful in the development of inoculant strains. Genetic diversity and phylogeny of indigenous Bradyrhizobium strains nodulating seven introduced promiscuous soybean varieties grown in two different sites in Kenya was assayed using the Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. PCR-RFLP analysis directly applied on 289 nodules using Msp I distinguished 18 intergenic spacer groups (IGS) I-XVIII. Predominant IGS groups were I, III, II, IV and VI which constituted 43.9%, 24.6%, 8.3% 7.6% and 6.9% respectively of all the analyzed nodules from the two sites while IGS group VII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIV, XVI, XVII, XVIII each constituted 1% or less. The IGS groups were specific to sites and treatments but not varieties. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that all indigenous strains belong to the genus Bradyrhizobium. Bradyrhizobium elkanii, Bradyrhizobium spp and Bradyrhizobium japonicum related strains were the most predominant and accounted for 37.9%, 34.5%, and 20.7% respectively while B. yuanmigense related accounted for 6.9% of all strains identified in the two combined sites. The diversity identified in Bradyrhizobium populations in the two sites represent a valuable genetic resource that has potential utility for the selection of more competitive and effective strains to improve biological nitrogen fixation and thus increase soybean yields at low cost. © Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2009.	Agro-ecological zones; Genetic diversity; Polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism; Promiscuous soybean	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84905509530	Glyphosate-based herbicides on weeds management and maize performance under conservation agriculture practices in eastern Kenya	Micheni A., Mburu D., Kanampiu F., Mugai N., Kihanda F.	2014	International Journal of Agricultural Resources, Governance and Ecology	10	3	10.1504/IJARGE.2014.064001	Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 27-60100, Embu, Kenya; Faculty of Agriculture, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya; International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre, P.O. Box 1041-00621, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Horticulture, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya	Micheni, A., Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 27-60100, Embu, Kenya; Mburu, D., Faculty of Agriculture, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya; Kanampiu, F., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre, P.O. Box 1041-00621, Nairobi, Kenya; Mugai, N., Department of Horticulture, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya; Kihanda, F., Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 27-60100, Embu, Kenya	A three-season research study was conducted at Embu Agricultural Research Station farm to determine the effect of glyphosate-based herbicides on weeds management and maize (Zea mays L.) performance under zero-tillage conservation agriculture practice. Glyphosate herbicide sprays were prepared from Roundup Turbo product at the rate of 2.5 L ha-1 and Roundup Weathermax at 1.5, 2.5 and 3.0 L ha-1 rates. Significant (p ≤ 0.05) differences in weeds management were observed under the tested rate of Roundup Turbo compared to un-weeded control plots. The average grain yield from conventionally tilled plots was 3.6 t ha-1. This did not differ significantly from those of herbicide-managed plots. Low-grain yield (0.1 t ha-1) was observed from un-weeded plots compared to those from zero-tilled plots that had also exhibited significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher net-benefits. The study concluded that the application of herbicides improves weeds control and maize performance. Copyright © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Agricultural resources; Conventional tillage; Glyphosate herbicide; Maize performance; Net-benefits; Weed control; Zero tillage	None	None
WoS	WOS:000324368300002	The Impact of Participatory Forest Management on Local Community Livelihoods in the Arabuko-Sokoke Forest, Kenya	Caleb, Mireri,Callistus, Ogol,Matiku, Paul	2013	CONSERVATION &amp; SOCIETY	11	2	10.4103/0972-4923.115724	Kenyatta University, Nat Kenya	"Caleb, Mireri: Kenyatta University","Callistus, Ogol: Kenyatta University",	This study examines the impact of participatory forest management (PFM) on forest-adjacent household livelihoods in the Arabuko-Sokoke forest in Kenya. It compares the impacts on households near PFM forests (PFM zones) with those near forests with no participatory management (non-PFM zones). The study questions were: does conservation of the Arabuko-Sokoke forest result in net household incomes?; does PFM increase net household benefits?; and are household benefits uniformly distributed within the 5 km PFM intervention zone? The hypotheses tested were: forest conservation benefits exceed forest conservation costs; PFM zones have higher household benefits than non-PFM zones; and benefits and costs reduce with distance from forest edge. In the year 2009, we collected data on household benefits and costs in PFM and non-PFM zones. Data were collected along 10 km transects at 1 km intervals, sampling 600 households up to 5 km away from the forest. The results show varied household dependence on the Arabuko-Sokoke forest. The forest benefits exceed costs in PFM zones but the forest is a cost in non-PFM zones, and costs and benefits reduce with distance from forest edge. The study concludes that, though not cheap, PFM is a tool that can help the Arabuko-Sokoke forest win the support of the adjacent local communities.	Arabuko-Sokoke,"Forest resources","household livelihoods","participatory forest management",BIODIVERSITY,CONSERVATION,"EXTRACTIVE RESERVES","INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL-MANAGEMENT",STRATEGIES	None	None
WoS	WOS:000316158800004	Review: Impact, Challenges, and Future Projections of Vaccine Trials in Africa	Agbenyega, Tsiri E.,Idoko, Olubukola T.,Kochhar, Sonali,Ogutu, Bernhards,Ota, Martin O. C.	2013	AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE	88	3	10.4269/ajtmh.12-0576	Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kwame Nkurma Univ Sci & Technol, MRC Unit, PATH	None	Immunization remains the most cost effective method for the control of infectious diseases. Therefore, there is a global effort to deploy new vaccines for disease control and eradication. These new vaccines must be tested in the settings in which they will be used. This necessity has required the conduct of many vaccine trials in Africa, where several infectious diseases with significant public health impact are prevalent. However, these areas have peculiarities and are just beginning to gain expertise in the conduct of such trials. The vaccine developers and sponsors of these trials may also not be conversant with some issues unique to the trial site. The understanding gap from both partners can result in challenges if not addressed during the planning phase of the trial. This review seeks to highlight the issues surrounding the conduct of clinical trials in resource-constrained settings and suggests some ways of circumventing them.	,CLINICAL-TRIALS,"CONJUGATE VACCINE",DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES,GAMBIA,HEALTH,INFORMED-CONSENT	None	None
WoS	WOS:000247094100002	Impact of small arms insecurity on the public health of pastoralists in the Kenya-Uganda border regions	Mkutu, Kennedy Agade	2007	CRIME LAW AND SOCIAL CHANGE	47	1	10.1007/s10611-007-9056-6	Kenya Inst Adm	None	Small arms must be considered as a public health problem, but quantifying the public health impact of small arms is difficult and studies are sparse in areas of conflict. This study considers the remote cross border area between Kenya and Uganda where pastoral conflict in the form of cattle raiding with the use of small arms has escalated in recent years, and where health facilities are scarce. Hospitals and clinics in Karamoja, Uganda, and West Pokot, Kenya were visited by the author, to collect any available data on small arms injuries. Interviews with hospital staff helped to provide further insight into the statistics. Statistics showed that most injuries were sustained during raiding, though worrying incidences of injury among noncombatants and young children were found. Many serious injuries and limb fractures were documented, likely to have some long-term implications for pain, growth, disability, and livelihood. Deaths and injuries are likely to be significantly underestimated by the statistics, due to problems of transport, insecurity, deaths prior to arrival, admission fees for some facilities, and fear of reporting injuries due to the criminal element. Police statistics support this conclusion. The situation appeared to be worse in Uganda as opposed to Kenya, but cooperation between the two countries is needed since pastoralists readily cross the borders both to raid and to attend clinics and hospitals.	,CONFLICT,POLITICS,STATE,SUNGUSUNGU,TANZANIA,"VILLAGE VIGILANTE GROUPS",VIOLENCE	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953173437	The impact of skills development on competitiveness: Empirical evidence from a cross-country analysis [El impacto del desarrollo de habilidades para la competitividad: Evidencia empírica de una comparación entre países]	Onsomu E.N., Ngware M.W., Manda D.K.	2010	Education Policy Analysis Archives	18	None	None	Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis, Kenya; African Population and Health Research Center, Kenya; University of Nairobi, Kenya	Onsomu, E.N., Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis, Kenya; Ngware, M.W., African Population and Health Research Center, Kenya; Manda, D.K., University of Nairobi, Kenya	In the past half-century, most countries have emphasized the development of human capital as an instrument for economic growth, sustainable development, and improved global competitiveness. However, limited evidence exists on the link between skills development and a country's competitiveness. This paper examines the contribution and association of skills to a country's competitiveness. The study uses panel data from 84 countries in estimating an empirical model. Skills availability, foreign direct investments, secondary education, and technical (engineering) education and training are significant contributors to a country's competitiveness in a technologically changing and demanding world. This dynamic requires institutionalizing high-level technical skills development and on-the-job training programs in various firms that provided company specific and general skills to employees. The study recommends increased participation in secondary education and technically-oriented courses in tertiary education and programs that encourage skills transfer from foreign companies. Foreign direct investment, however, requires a conducive investment environment. Increased collaboration between tertiary institutions and industry is crucial for improved skilled development.	Human capital; International development; International economic competition	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879891419	Palygorskite hybridized carbon nanocomposite as a high-performance electrocatalyst support for formic acid oxidation	Wang K., Wang H., Wang R., Key J., Linkov V., Ji S.	2013	South African Journal of Chemistry	66	None	None	Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa	Wang, K., Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Wang, H., Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Wang, R., Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key, J., South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa; Linkov, V., South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa; Ji, S., South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa	A nanocomposite, in which acid-treated palygorskite was hybridized with carbon, was prepared and designed as an efficient support for electrocatatlysts. Pd nanoparticles were deposited on the hybrid support as an electrocatalyst for formic acid oxidation. The hybrid supports and electrocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).TEMandXRDresults showed that acid treatment had an effective impact on the morphology of palygorskite, but did not destroy its architecture. XPS results indicated that the introduction of palygorskite resulted in a negative shift of binding energy of Pd deposited on it. The electrochemical results showed that the addition of palygorskite into the carbon facilitated the formation ofOHads orOads on the surface of Pd/C-PLS, and further improved the formic acid electrooxidation activity. Therefore, considerable improvements in electrocatalytic activity toward formic acid oxidation was achieved by using this hybrid support when compared with conventional carbon support, suggesting that the introduction of SiO2-based porous palygoriskite was an excellent and cost-efficient way to improve the electrocatalytic performance of carbon support.	Composite support; Electrocatalyst; Formic acid electrooxidation; Palygorskite	None	21163018, NSFC, National Natural Science Foundation of China; 20110490847, NSF, National Science Foundation
Scopus	2-s2.0-67649641494	The impact of e-resources on the provision of health and medical information services in Kenya	Kamau N., Ouma S.	2008	Journal of Electronic Resources in Medical Libraries	5	2	10.1080/15424060802064329	Kenya Medical Research Institute, P. O. Box 54840-00200, Nairobi, Kenya; Aga Khan University, P. O. Box 39340-00623, Nairobi, Kenya	Kamau, N., Kenya Medical Research Institute, P. O. Box 54840-00200, Nairobi, Kenya; Ouma, S., Aga Khan University, P. O. Box 39340-00623, Nairobi, Kenya	Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have brought opportunities and challenges to the provision of library and information services in the health sector worldwide. Libraries in Sub-Saharan Africa that experienced massive budget cuts in the 1990s due to declining economies have now embraced ICTs to manage their information resources and services. ICTs have improved access to health information resources by those libraries that have Internet connectivity. A survey was carried out to examine the impact of electronic resources on the provision of health and medical information services in Kenya, Africa. This paper reports the results of the survey. © 2008 by The Haworth Press. All rights reserved.	Africa; Developing countries; Electronic resources; Health information providers; Health information services; HINARI; INASP; Kenya; PERI	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84866992938	Increasing the organisational performance and performance intent of managers in Kenyan public enterprises	Koigi N., Arnolds C.	2012	International Journal of Knowledge, Culture and Change Management	11	5	None	Kenya Post Savings Bank, Nairobi, Kenya; Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa	Koigi, N., Kenya Post Savings Bank, Nairobi, Kenya; Arnolds, C., Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa	The organisational performance of Kenyan public enterprises has been reported to be below expectations. There was therefore a need to investigate ways of improving this performance. The study investigates the influence of perceived leadership styles and personality characteristics on the perceived organisational performance of Kenyan public enterprises. The study also investigates the influence of perceived organisational culture, strategic management and corporate ethics on the perceived organisational performance of these enterprises. Adopting a survey approach, research data were derived from questionnaires distributed to a sample of 256 executive managers from 53 public enterprises in Kenya. The empirical results reveal that transformational leadership influences organisational performance positively, while self-deceptive narcissistic leadership personality influences organisational performance negatively. The results further show that organisational culture (entrepreneurial and market orientation) and strategic management exert a positive influence on the organisational performance of these enterprises. Managerial implications of these findings are discussed. © Common Ground, Nyambura Koigi, Cecil Arnolds, All Rights Reserved.	Leadership personality; Leadership style; Organisational performance; Performance intent	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84915737429	Determinants of financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya	Ongore V.O., Kusa G.B.	2013	International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues	3	1	None	Kenya Revenue Authority, Kenya; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Ongore, V.O., Kenya Revenue Authority, Kenya; Kusa, G.B., Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Studies on moderating effect of ownership structure on bank performance are scanty. To fill this glaring gap in this vital area of study, the authors used linear multiple regression model and Generalized Least Square on panel data to estimate the parameters. The findings showed that bank specific factors significantly affect the performance of commercial banks in Kenya, except for liquidity variable. But the overall effect of macroeconomic variables was inconclusive at 5% significance level. The moderating role of ownership identity on the financial performance of commercial banks was insignificant. Thus, it can be concluded that the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya is driven mainly by board and management decisions, while macroeconomic factors have insignificant contribution. © 2013, Econjournals. All rights reserved.	Bank specific factors; Financial performance; Macroeconomic variables	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84921369967	Effects of selected corporate governance characteristics on firm performance: Empirical evidence from Kenya	Ongore V.O., K’Obonyo P.O.	2011	International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues	1	3	None	Kenya Revenue Authority, Nairobi, Kenya; Business Administration, University of Nairobi, Kenya	Ongore, V.O., Kenya Revenue Authority, Nairobi, Kenya; K’Obonyo, P.O., Business Administration, University of Nairobi, Kenya	This paper examines the interrelations among ownership, board and manager characteristics and firm performance in a sample of 54 firms listed at the Nairobi Stock Exchange (NSE). These governance characteristics, designed to minimize agency problems between principals and agents are operationalized in terms of ownership concentration, ownership identity, board effectiveness and managerial discretion. The typical ownership identities at the NSE are government, foreign, institutional, manager and diverse ownership forms. Firm performance is measured using Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE) and Dividend Yield (DY). Using PPMC, Logistic Regression and Stepwise Regression, the paper presents evidence of significant positive relationship between foreign, insider, institutional and diverse ownership forms, and firm performance. However, the relationship between ownership concentration and government, and firm performance was significantly negative. The role of boards was found to be of very little value, mainly due to lack of adherence to board member selection criteria. The results also show significant positive relationship between managerial discretion and performance. Collectively, these results are consistent with pertinent literature with regard to the implications of government, foreign, manager (insider) and institutional ownership forms, but significantly differ concerning the effects of ownership concentration and diverse ownership on firm performance. © 2011, Econjournals. All rights reserved.	Agency theory; Firm performance; Managerial discretion; Ownership concentration; Ownership identity; Ownership structure	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84922974260	Board composition and financial performance: Empirical analysis of companies listed at the Nairobi securities exchange	Ongore V.O., K’Obonyo P.O., Ogutu M., Bosire E.M.	2015	International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues	5	1	None	Kenya Revenue Authority, Nairobi, Kenya; Business Administration, University of Nairobi, Kenya; Judiciary of Kenya, Kenya	Ongore, V.O., Kenya Revenue Authority, Nairobi, Kenya; K’Obonyo, P.O., Business Administration, University of Nairobi, Kenya; Ogutu, M., Business Administration, University of Nairobi, Kenya; Bosire, E.M., Judiciary of Kenya, Kenya	Studies investigating effects of board composition on financial performance have yielded mixed results, due largely to contextual variables and varying roles of boards in different jurisdictions. Independent members, gender diversity and board size are some of the key attributes of boards that have been linked to financial performance of companies in industrialized countries, but which, unfortunately have not attracted much scholarly interest in developing countries. The study, which surveyed forty-six companies listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange in 2011, and whose findings are presented in this paper, was therefore, designed to inform practice of corporate governance mainly in developing countries, but will also add to the already existing body of literature in the industrialized economies. Using multivariate regression analysis on panel data, with Return on Assets, Return on Equity, and Dividend Yield as performance indicators, the study found out that independent board members had insignificant effect on financial performance, but gender diversity did, in fact, have significant positive effect on financial performance. Board size, on the other hand, had an inverse relationship with financial performance. These results are largely consistent with conceptual and empirical literature on corporate governance with respect to small board size (5 to 7) that is sufficiently diverse in terms of gender, skill, experience, industry networks, among other important attributes. Regarding outside directors, however, the study findings appear to contradict the long-held traditional view that outsiders confer superior performance to the board. © 2015, Econjournals. All rights reserved.	Board size; Financial performance; Gender diversity; Independent directors	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897057156	Student teachers' academic backgrounds and beliefs about teaching: Predicting student engagement and performance in a developing country	Nizeyimana G., Osman R.	2014	Education as Change	18	SUPPL.1	10.1080/16823206.2013.877356	Kigali Institute of Education, Curriculum and Teaching, Rwanda; University of Witwatersrand, South Africa	Nizeyimana, G., Kigali Institute of Education, Curriculum and Teaching, Rwanda; Osman, R., University of Witwatersrand, South Africa	This article explores the influence of university/college first-year student teachers' educational backgrounds and their beliefs about teaching on their performance, and identifies these as key indicators of student engagement in learning to teach in developing countries, with particular reference to Rwanda. Both quantitative data (students' marks) and qualitative data (semi-structured interviews) were collected from student teachers in the 2010 academic year. This article argues that, in developing countries where primary teacher preparation is done at high school level while secondary school teacher preparation is done at university/college level, tertiary first-year student teachers' beliefs about their teaching career are more likely to determine the level of their engagement in learning to teach and hence performance than their prior academic background in related fields of study. © 2014 © 2014 The University of Johannesburg.	academic background; beliefs; developing countries; performance; student engagement; teacher education	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84960476670	Profile and economic impact of motorcycle injuries treated at a university referral hospital in Kigali, Rwanda	Allen Ingabire J.C., Petroze R.T., Calland F., Okiria J.C., Byiringiro J.C.	2015	Rwanda Medical Journal	72	4	None	Kigali University Teaching Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda; University of VirginiaVA, United States; Kampala University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda	Allen Ingabire, J.C., Kigali University Teaching Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda, Kampala University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda; Petroze, R.T., Kigali University Teaching Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda, Kampala University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda; Calland, F., Kigali University Teaching Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda, Kampala University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda; Okiria, J.C., University of VirginiaVA, United States, Kampala University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda; Byiringiro, J.C., University of VirginiaVA, United States, Kampala University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda	Background: Motorcycle injuries constitute a major public health problem in developing countries, leading to significant disability and straining healthcare resources. We aim to present the basic epidemiology of motorcycle injuries presenting to an urban referral hospital in Rwanda and to evaluate patient outcomes and associated costs arising from injuries sustained on motorcycles. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of motorcycle injury patients presenting to Kigali Teaching University Hospital from January-December, 2011. Patients were identified through review of ward registers and trauma registries and stratified into 3 groups based upon length of stay. A representative sample of 269 patients was randomly selected from each group for financial analysis. Data were collected from patient medical, police, and financial records as well as patient interviews. Cost analysis was based upon the standard road accident cost conceptual framework. Data were collected using Epi data 3.1, Excel and analyzed using SPSS 16. Results: A total of 269 motorcycle accident files were examined. Males were more affected than females with sex ratio F:M;1:6.72.Youths were more involved in motorcycle accident (53.2%) than other age group(16-30 years).The majority of Motorcycles victims were motorcyclists, (30.86%), businessmen (20.45%) and students (11.53%). Motorcycle-vehicle (41.61%) was the first cause of motorcycle injuries then motorcycle-pedestrian (30.86%).Helmet use was 92.75%.Head injuries and fractures were the predominant diagnoses (82.15%).About 46.7% had pre-hospital care. The mean hospital stay was 15.43 days, and 38.3% spent more than 15 days in hospitalization. Permanent disability was confirmed in 11.5% (n=31), and mortality was 10.4% (n=28). The total economic cost was estimated at US$1,236,207.31 with 39.40% (US$487,030.30) due to loss of labor and 21.76% due to direct medical costs (US$269,000.84). Conclusions: Motorcycle injuries create a substantial disability and cost burden in Kigali, Rwanda. Prevention and early treatment should be promoted to decrease the morbidity and financial burden. © 2015, Bioline International. All right reserved.	Accident; Casualty; Helmet; Injury pattern; Management; Motorcycle injuries; Outcome; Prevalence; Related cost; Rwanda	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84948582385	Effects of different forms of white lupin (Lupinus albus) grain supplementation on feed intake, digestibility, growth performance and carcass characteristics of Washera sheep fed Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) hay-based diets	Tefera G., Tegegne F., Mekuriaw Y., Melaku S., Tsunekawa A.	2015	Tropical Animal Health and Production	47	8	10.1007/s11250-015-0901-9	Koga irrigation and watershed management project, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Department of Animal Production and Technology, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, Japan; Haramaya University, School of Animal and Range Sciences, P.O.Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia	Tefera, G., Koga irrigation and watershed management project, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Tegegne, F., Department of Animal Production and Technology, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, Japan; Mekuriaw, Y., Department of Animal Production and Technology, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Melaku, S., Haramaya University, School of Animal and Range Sciences, P.O.Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia; Tsunekawa, A., Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, Japan	Protein is the major limiting nutrient in feeding ruminants especially in dryland areas. Thus, looking for locally available protein sources such as white lupin (Lupinus albus) grain is commendable. The objective of this experiment was to determine effects of supplementation of different forms of white lupin grain (WLG) on feed and nutrient intake, digestibility, growth and carcass characteristics. Twenty-five yearling male Washera sheep with initial body weight (BW) of 16.26 ± 1.41 kg (mean ± SD) were used. Animals were blocked into five based on their initial BW and were randomly assigned to one of the following five dietary treatments: Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) hay (RGH) alone (T1) or supplemented with 300 g (on dry matter (DM) basis) raw WLG (T2) or raw soaked and dehulled WLG (T3) or roasted WLG (T4) or raw soaked WLG (T5). Supplementation with WLG significantly improved total DM and nutrient intake (P &lt; 0.001), nutrient digestibility (P &lt; 0.01), and average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) (P &lt; 0.001). Carcass quality parameters were significantly (P &lt; 0.001) higher for supplemented sheep. However, the difference in carcass quality parameters among supplemented groups was not significant (P &gt; 0.05). It is concluded that roasting white lupin grain can lead to a better feed and nutrient intake and consequently better carcass quality. White lupin grain can be recommended not only for maintenance but also for optimum performance of ruminants. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.	Carcass characteristics; Digestibility; Dryland; Growth; Rhodes grass; Washera sheep; White lupin	None	None
WoS	WOS:000315374500001	Perspectives and concerns of clients at primary health care facilities involved in evaluation of a national mental health training programme for primary care in Kenya	Aruwa, Julyan,Jenkins, Ben,Jenkins, Rachel,Okeyo, Stephen,Othieno, Caleb,Wallcraft, Jan	2013	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH SYSTEMS	7	None	10.1186/1752-4458-7-5	Kings College London, University of Birmingham, University of London, University of Nairobi, Great Lakes Univ, Zacchaeus 2000 Trust	"Jenkins, Rachel: Kings College London","Jenkins, Rachel: University of London","Othieno, Caleb: University of Nairobi","Wallcraft, Jan: University of Birmingham",	Background: A cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) of a national Kenyan mental health primary care training programme demonstrated a significant impact on the health, disability and quality of life of clients, despite a severe shortage of medicines in the clinics (Jenkins et al. Submitted 2012). As focus group methodology has been found to be a useful method of obtaining a detailed understanding of client and health worker perspectives within health systems (Sharfritz and Roberts. Health Transit Rev 4:81-85, 1994), the experiences of the participating clients were explored through qualitative focus group discussions in order to better understand the potential reasons for the improved outcomes in the intervention group. Methods: Two ninety minute focus groups were conducted in Nyanza province, a poor agricultural region of Kenya, with 10 clients from the intervention group clinics where staff had received the training programme, and 10 clients from the control group where staff had not received the training during the earlier randomised controlled trial. Results: These focus group discussions suggest that the clients in the intervention group noticed and appreciated enhanced communication, diagnostic and counselling skills in their respective health workers, whereas clients in the control group were aware of the lack of these skills. Confidentiality emerged from the discussions as a significant client concern in relation to the volunteer cadre of community health workers, whose only training comes from their respective primary care health workers. Conclusion: Enhanced health worker skills conferred by the mental health training programme may be responsible for the significant improvement in outcomes for clients in the intervention clinics found in the randomised controlled trial, despite the general shortage of medicines and other health system weaknesses. These findings suggest that strengthening mental health training for primary care staff is worthwhile even where health systems are not strong and where the medicine supply cannot be guaranteed.	,ATTITUDES,DISORDERS,DISTRICT,ILLNESS,"INTEGRATED APPROACH",PREVALENCE,"PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOMS",RISK-FACTORS,"URBAN TANZANIA",WORKERS	None	None
WoS	WOS:000320574400001	Can palliative care integrated within HIV outpatient settings improve pain and symptom control in a low-income country? A prospective, longitudinal, controlled intervention evaluation	Alexander, Carla,Collins, Karilyn,Combo, Eric,Harding, Richard,Loy, George,Memiah, Peter,Patrick, Genevieve,Sigalla, Geoffrey,Simms, Victoria	2013	AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV	25	7	10.1080/09540121.2012.736608	Kings College London, University of London, University of Maryland Baltimore, University System of Maryland, AIDS Relief, Evangel Lutheran Church Tanzania, Hosp Teule, Sekou Toure Hosp	"Alexander, Carla: University of Maryland Baltimore","Alexander, Carla: University System of Maryland","Harding, Richard: Kings College London","Harding, Richard: University of London","Memiah, Peter: University of Maryland Baltimore","Memiah, Peter: University System of Maryland","Simms, Victoria: Kings College London","Simms, Victoria: University of London",	A high burden of pain, symptoms and other multidimensional problems persist alongside HIV treatment. WHO policy indicates palliative care as essential throughout the disease course. This study aimed to determine whether palliative care delivered from within an existing HIV outpatient setting improves control of pain and symptoms compared to standard care. A prospective, longitudinal controlled design compared patient outcomes at an outpatient facility that introduced palliative care training to clinicians and stocked essential palliative care drugs, to outcomes of a cohort of patients at a similar HIV care facility with no palliative care, in Tanzania. Inclusion criteria were clinically significant pain or symptoms. Patients were followed from baseline fortnightly until week 10 using validated self-report outcome measures. For the primary pain outcome, the required sample size of 120 patients was recruited. Odds of reporting pain reduced significantly more at intervention site (OR=0.60, 95% CI 0.50-0.72) than at control (OR=0.85, 95% CI 0.80-0.90), p=0.001. For secondary outcomes, longitudinal analysis revealed significant difference in slope between intervention and control, respectively: Medical Outcomes Study-HIV (MOS-HIV) physical score 1.46 vs. 0.54, p=0.002; MOS-HIV mental health 1.13 vs. 0.26, p=0.006; and POS total score 0.84 vs. 0.18, p=0.001. Neither baseline CD4 nor antiretroviral therapy (ART) use was associated with outcome scores. These data are the first to report outcomes evaluating integrated HIV outpatient palliative care in the presence of ART. The data offer substantive evidence to underpin the existing WHO clinical guidance that states an essential role for palliative care alongside HIV treatment, regardless of prognosis.	evaluation,HIV,PAIN,palliative,SYMPTOMS,"ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",BURDEN,CONTROLLED-TRIALS,"HEALTH SURVEY",INFECTION,"OUTCOME SCALE",PREVALENCE,QUALITY-OF-LIFE,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA",UGANDA	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84956686472	MARKETING CAPABILITY, COMPETITIVE STRATEGIES and PERFORMANCE of MICRO and SMALL FAMILY BUSINESSES in GHANA	Agyapong A., Osei H.V., Akomea S.Y.	2015	Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship	20	4	10.1142/S1084946715500260	KNUST School of Business, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Agyapong, A., KNUST School of Business, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Osei, H.V., KNUST School of Business, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Akomea, S.Y., KNUST School of Business, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	The study examines the mediating role of competitive strategies (cost leadership and differentiation) in the marketing capability-performance relationship using data from 264 micro and small family firms in Ghana. The bootstrap method for exploring mediating relationships was used to examine the hypotheses. The findings indicate that although differentiation influence performance, cost leadership does not influence performance after controlling for firm age and firm size. However, marketing capability significantly influence performance. The findings further revealed that marketing capabilities do not have any indirect relationship on performance through cost leadership. However, the results indicated that marketing capability influenced firm performance through differentiation strategy. The findings indicate the need to implement both competitive strategy and marketing capability to enhance performance of micro and small family businesses. © 2015 World Scientific Publishing Company.	Businesses; capability; family; performance; strategy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84938868848	Reading habits among students and its effect on academic performance: A study of students of Koforidua Polytechnic	Owusu-Acheaw M., Larson A.G.	2014	Library Philosophy and Practice	2014	1	None	Koforidua Polytechnic, Koforidua, Ghana; University of Education, Winneba, Ghana	Owusu-Acheaw, M., Koforidua Polytechnic, Koforidua, Ghana; Larson, A.G., University of Education, Winneba, Ghana	The study sought to assess the reading habits among students and their effects on their academic performance. The study was conducted in Koforidua Polytechnic situated in the Eastern Region of Ghana. A questionnaire was used for the data collection. The data collected were analyzed quantitatively with the use of Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Figures and tables were used to present the results of findings. From the total of 1052 copies of questionnaire distributed, 1000 copies, representing 95.0% were filled and returned. The findings showed that majority of the respondents acknowledge the importance of reading, 81.9% of the respondents neither read novel nor fiction within the last two semesters while 62.0% of the respondents only read for the purpose of passing examination. The study confirmed that reading habit has influence on academic performance and there is a relationship between reading habit and academic performance. The study recommended among others that lecturers should be advised to stop providing handouts to students but rather encourage them to use the library for research and also, the current system of assessing students should be given a second thought with respect to the formulae of assessment.	Academic libraries; Academic performance; Reading interest; Students; Tertiary institution	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939880409	Publish Yet Perish: On the Pitfalls of Philosophy of Education in an Age of Impact Factors	Smeyers P., de Ruyter D.J., Waghid Y., Strand T.	2014	Studies in Philosophy and Education	33	6	10.1007/s11217-014-9404-9	KU Leuven (Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Laboratory for Education and Society), Leuven, Belgium; Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VU University (Faculty of Psychology and Education; LEARN! research institute for learning and education), Amsterdam, Netherlands; Stellenbosch University (Department of Educational Policy Studies), Stellenbosch, South Africa; University of Oslo (Institute of Education), Oslo, Norway	Smeyers, P., KU Leuven (Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Laboratory for Education and Society), Leuven, Belgium, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; de Ruyter, D.J., VU University (Faculty of Psychology and Education; LEARN! research institute for learning and education), Amsterdam, Netherlands; Waghid, Y., Stellenbosch University (Department of Educational Policy Studies), Stellenbosch, South Africa; Strand, T., University of Oslo (Institute of Education), Oslo, Norway	In many countries publications in Web of Knowledge journals are dominant in the evaluation of educational research. For various purposes comparisons are made between the output of philosophers of education in these journals and the publications of their colleagues in educational research generally, sometimes also including psychologists and/or social scientists. Taking its starting-point from Hayden’s article in this journal (Stud Philos Educ 31:1–27, 2012), this paper discusses the situation of educational research in three countries: The Netherlands, South Africa and Norway. In this paper an alternative for comparing research output is offered by invoking comparisons with colleagues at the international level from within the same sub-discipline. It is argued that if one would do so a different picture would emerge, even if one were to limit oneself to particular kinds of publications. The case is then made that if comparisons are regarded as a necessary part of the evaluation of an individual scholar (for appointment, promotion, tenure, and/or funding application purposes), it would be more fair to use a proxy system which is sub-discipline specific, or minimally contains some kind of correction factor in relation to the over-all quality assessment device. Debates about the relevance or irrelevance of philosophy of education in the context of educational sciences are now obscured, even poisoned by focusing almost exclusively on a particular kind of publication output. As the ‘reward’ system that is developed accordingly is possibly the most important driver of educational research, it puts the sub-discipline unduly under pressure to the extent that it possibly cannot survive. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.	Output comparison; Philosophy of education; Publication culture; Sub-discipline evaluation; Web of Knowledge	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84948148359	Development of reliable evaluation tools in legal interpreting: A test case	Salaets H., Balogh K.	2015	Translation and Interpreting	7	3	10.12807/ti.107203.2015.a08	KU Leuven, Antwerp Campus, Belgium; University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Salaets, H., KU Leuven, Antwerp Campus, Belgium, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Balogh, K., KU Leuven, Antwerp Campus, Belgium	In recent decades, test design, assessment and evaluation procedures have received much attention and have focused on concepts such as quality, validity and reliability. Obviously this is also true for the highly complex testing of interpreters' skills, including legal interpreting. In this paper, we will first discuss the significant changes that have been made in the final examination procedure at the end of the LIT (Legal Interpreting and Translation) course at KULeuven, Antwerp campus, which have been complemented by an introductory workshop for the graders. It is important to mention that graders can be language experts as well as external legal experts (judges, prosecutors, police officers, lawyers, etc.) The comparison of the scores of candidates between 2008 and 2013 (a period in which different evaluation grids were used) shows a tendency towards more overall failures. In addition to this, an analysis of the graders' comments demonstrates that results are more consistent and that graders' comments mirror the results better. The new evaluation method clearly leaves less room for grader subjectivity, which presumably points to the fact that candidates are tested in a more transparent and reliable way. Follow-up research (in grader focus groups) and observations of the actual evaluation process will enable us to ensure that graders are comfortable with the new method and to check if they use it in a consistent way. Verifying whether the overall procedure actually produces better and more competent legal interpreters is a further important step needed to complete this research project.	Evaluation procedure; Legal interpreting; Quality; Reliability; Validity	None	None
WoS	WOS:000332940900001	The role of communication inequality in mediating the impacts of socioecological and socioeconomic disparities on HIV/AIDS knowledge and risk perception	Bekalu, Mesfin Awoke,Eggermont, Steven	2014	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR EQUITY IN HEALTH	13	None	10.1186/1475-9276-13-16	KU Leuven, Bahir Dar Univ	"Eggermont, Steven: KU Leuven",	Introduction: Although the link between social factors and health-related outcomes has long been widely acknowledged, the mechanisms characterizing this link are relatively less known and remain a subject of continued investigation across disciplines. In this study, drawing on the structural influence model of health communication, the hypothesis that differences in concern about and information needs on HIV/AIDS, HIV/AIDS-related media use, and perceived salience of HIV/AIDS-related information, characterized as communication inequality, can at least partially mediate the impacts of socioecological (urban vs. rural) and socioeconomic (education) disparities on inequalities in HIV/AIDS knowledge and risk perception was tested. Methods: Data were collected from a random sample of 986 urban and rural respondents in northwest Ethiopia. Structural equation modeling, using the maximum likelihood method, was used to test the mediation models. Results: The models showed an adequate fit of the data and hence supported the hypothesis that communication inequality can at least partially explain the causal mechanism linking socioeconomic and socioecological factors with HIV/AIDS knowledge and risk perception. Both urbanity versus rurality and education were found to have significant mediated effects on HIV/AIDS knowledge (urbanity vs. rurality: beta = 0.28, p = .001; education: beta = 0.08, p = .001) and HIV/AIDS risk perception (urbanity vs. rurality: beta = 0.30, p = .001; education: beta = 0.09, p = .001). Conclusions: It was concluded that communication inequality might form part of the socioecologically and socioeconomically embedded processes that affect HIV/AIDS-related outcomes. The findings suggest that the media and message effects that are related to HIV/AIDS behavior change communication can be viewed from a structural perspective that moves beyond the more reductionist behavioral approaches upon which most present-day HIV/AIDS communication campaigns seem to be based.	"communication inequality",HIV/AIDS,"SOCIOECOLOGICAL FACTORS","SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS",AIDS,BEHAVIOR-CHANGE,EPIDEMIOLOGY,GUIDE,"HEALTH COMMUNICATION",HIV,INFORMATION,INTERNET,MASS-COMMUNICATION,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84906895250	Operation and performance of the Sishen jig plant	Myburgh H.A., Nortje A.	2014	Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy	114	7	None	Kumba Iron Ore, Centurion Gate, Centurion, South Africa; Kumba Iron Ore, Sishen Iron Ore Mine, South Africa	Myburgh, H.A., Kumba Iron Ore, Centurion Gate, Centurion, South Africa; Nortje, A., Kumba Iron Ore, Sishen Iron Ore Mine, South Africa	Sishen Iron Ore Mine previously used only A-grade material (>60% Fe in situ value) from the pit for beneficiating in the DMS plant to a final product grade of 66% Fe in lump and 65% Fe fine ore. The B-grade (between 50% and 60% Fe) and C-grade material (between 35% and 50% Fe) were stockpiled separately, owing to the inability of the existing DMS plant to beneficiate material at densities higher than 3600 kg/m3. The ability to beneficiate the B-grade material at densities higher than 3600 kg/m3 was evaluated, and air-pulsed jigs were found to be techno-economically feasible and value maximizing. The beneficiation of B-grade material would add to the existing DMS production of 28 Mt/a, with no additional mining cost and only limited costs for the handling of waste and B-material. The objective of the Sishen Expansion Project (SEP), i.e. the jig plant, was to produce 10 Mt/a of saleable product with six modules to the set physical and chemical specifications by 2009. During the start of construction, it was decided to add another two jig modules to the plant to increase production to 13 Mt/a. During commissioning and ramp-up the shortcomings and advantages of the jigs were fully experienced and understood, resulting in many changes to optimize jigging performance. © The Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 2014.	Jig control; Jig efficiency; Jigging; Physical separation; Process optimization	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84919694531	Community-based ecotourism: Its socio-economic impacts at Boabeng-Fiema Monkey Sanctuary, Ghana	Eshun G., Tonto J.N.P.	2014	Bulletin of Geography	26	26	10.2478/bog-2014-0045	Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Culture and Tourism Programme, P.M.B. Kumasi, Ghana; University of Johannesburg, School of Tourism and Hospitality, South Africa; University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Rural Department, P.M.B. Kumasi, Ghana	Eshun, G., Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Culture and Tourism Programme, P.M.B. Kumasi, Ghana, University of Johannesburg, School of Tourism and Hospitality, South Africa; Tonto, J.N.P., University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Rural Department, P.M.B. Kumasi, Ghana	There is a lacuna in literature from Western Africa on how issue of participation influence socio-economic impacts at ecotourism destinations. This paper investigates the socio-economic impacts of ecotourism based on Boabeng- Fiema Monkey Sanctuary in Ghana. The paper is based on primary data generated from Boabeng and Fiema communities. Seventy mainly opened-ended questionnaires were administered face-to-face to purposively selected residents from the two communities, alongside, in-depth interviews with the management of the Sanctuary and focus group with purposively selected individuals from Boabeng and Fiema. The study reveals that the residents of the communities face burgeoning challenges such as shrinking livelihood options, inadequate involvement of community in the ecotourism, poor state of the visitor centre, inadequate government support and poor roads. © Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 2014.	Boabeng-Fiema; community participation; Community-based ecotourism; Ghana; socio-economic impact	None	None
WoS	WOS:000239722100005	Post-project analysis: The use of a network diagram for environmental evaluation of the Barekese Dam, Kumasi, Ghana	Awuah, Esi,Frempong, Emmanuel,Tetteh, Isaac Kow	2006	ENVIRONMENTAL MODELING &amp; ASSESSMENT	11	3	10.1007/s10666-005-9021-7	Kwame Nkrumah University Science & Technology, Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol	None	The paper presents an evaluation of post-project impacts of the Barekese Dam on three riparian communities downstream about 30 years after its construction. A network diagram, which incorporated a mathematical model, was used for impact identification and analysis. The expected environmental impacts, expressed as quantitative weighted impact scores, showed that the dam appeared to have exerted adverse impacts on the environmental quality of the communities. The impacts in the communities, however, increased with relative distances away from the dam and the river suggestive of cumulative impacts transmitted downstream. Strategic measures for improving environmental quality of the communities have been given.	DAM,"environmental evaluation","expected environmental impacts","post-project impacts","riparian communities",IMPACT	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-81455135285	Performance management practices and managed performance: The moderating influence of organisational culture and climate in public universities in Uganda	Kagaari J.R.K.	2011	Measuring Business Excellence	15	4	10.1108/13683041111184099	Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda; Makerere University Business School, Uganda	Kagaari, J.R.K., Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda, Makerere University Business School, Uganda	Purpose: The purpose of this article is to explore and explain the existence and implementation of performance management practices in four public universities in Uganda. Design/methodology/approach: A mixed-method study approach (qualitative and quantitative) was adopted. A sample of 900 employees was drawn using a disproportionate stratified purposive sampling approach that yielded a 53 per cent response rate. Of the participants, 12 were purposively selected from top management members and interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. Using Nvivo software and Miles and Huberman approaches, interview data were managed and analysed. Findings: Qualitative data results revealed that employees in public universities built relationships, utilised available resources, adapted to external environment, set goals and targets. This was made possible through planning, mobilising resources, problem solving, evaluating performance and adopting ICT to deliver cost-effective quality services/products. The hypotheses were tested and revealed a significant positive relationship between performance management practices and managed performance (r=0.25, p&lt;0.001). A moderating influence of organisational culture and climate on performance management practices and managed performance was also established and confirmed (ΔR2=0.012) significantly above zero (p =0.015). Research limitations/implications: Cross-sectional studies by their nature are subject to common method variances; further refinement of the instrument and a replication of the study using a longitudinal approach are recommended. Also, the additional studies should be supplemented with in-depth interviews or case studies where possible to tap salient issues from the respondents. Practical implications: Public universities should have visionary managers who should manage strategic barriers, attract and retain thinkers, and also create result-oriented relationships to make a dynamic contribution to the development process of Uganda. Originality/value: Mass university education in Uganda today calls for new approaches to managing employees in order to balance cost, quality and education access. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Employee productivity; Managed performance; Organizational culture and climate; Performance management practices; Public universities; Uganda; Universities	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956071135	Performance management practices, employee attitudes and managed performance	Kagaari J., Munene J.C., Ntayi J.M.	2010	International Journal of Educational Management	24	6	10.1108/09513541011067683	Kyambogo University, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda; Makerere University, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda	Kagaari, J., Kyambogo University, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda; Munene, J.C., Makerere University, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda; Ntayi, J.M., Kyambogo University, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda	Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to establish the relationship between performance management practices, employee attitudes and managed performance. Design/methodology/approach - Using a disproportionate stratified purposive approach, a sample of 900 employees was drawn from four public universities in Uganda. Findings - The paper reveals that performance management practices and employee attitudes are crucial for achievement of managed performance in public universities. Research limitations/implications - This was a cross-sectional study that inherently has common method biases. Such biases could be minimised with replication of the study using a longitudinal study approach that would also unearth all salient issues that could have remained untouched. Practical implications - The paper emphasises the need for public universities to institutionalize result-oriented relationships and adapt in the external hyper changing environment. Originality/value - The paper calls for a new approach to managing employees in public universities with increasing demand for university education and stakeholder interests in delivery of cost-effective quality services.	Developing countries; Employee attitudes; Performancemanagement systems; Uganda; Universities	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84902249863	The performance of students in computer studies at secondary school level: A case of Uganda	Ameri F.K.	2013	International Journal of Technologies in Learning	19	4	None	Kyambogo University, Uganda	Ameri, F.K., Kyambogo University, Uganda	The paper presents the results of the study conducted in three first-class urban Ugandan secondary schools. A multiple case-study investigation was considered appropriate because it was felt necessary to compare the performance of students in Computer Studies. This would add literature of the newly introduced subject in a developing country, like Uganda. The findings of the study revealed that few students had attained proficiency level (25.6 %) in the national Computer Studies examination in the previous five years (2006-2011). There was a gender disparity in the attainment of very high proficiency levels, with females at 4.6 per cent and males at 18.6 per cent. These findings have important policy implications, including the need for increased budgets for teacher training and curriculum development for both secondary and university education, and advocacy for the feminization of Computer Studies. © Common Ground, Florence Kabahamba Ameri 2013.	Component; Computer studies; Learning achievement; Performance; Secondary schools; Teacher education	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84860833710	Corporate Boards, Ownership Structure and Firm Performance in an Environment of Severe Political and Economic Crisis	Mangena M., Tauringana V., Chamisa E.	2012	British Journal of Management	23	SUPPL. 1	10.1111/j.1467-8551.2011.00804.x	Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham Business School, Burton Street, Nottingham NG1 4BU, United Kingdom; Bournemouth University, Business School, Fern Barrow, Poole, BH12 5BB, United Kingdom; Department of Finance and Tax, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa	Mangena, M., Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham Business School, Burton Street, Nottingham NG1 4BU, United Kingdom; Tauringana, V., Bournemouth University, Business School, Fern Barrow, Poole, BH12 5BB, United Kingdom; Chamisa, E., Department of Finance and Tax, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa	This study examines the relationship between board and ownership structures and firm performance in an environment of severe political and economic crisis using panel data from the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange for the period 2000-2005. The period is split into the pre-presidential election period (2000-2002) (a relatively stable political and economic period) and the post-presidential election period (2003-2005) (a hostile political and economic period) to capture the differences in the political and economic landscape. It is found that board size, ownership concentration and executive directors' share ownership increased, while the proportion of non-executive directors fell in the post-presidential election period. Employing a system generalized method of moments approach, the study finds that performance is positively related to board size and ownership concentration in the post- (but not in the pre-) presidential election period. The results also show that performance is negatively related to executive directors' share ownership in the post-presidential election period, but positively related in the pre-presidential election period. The relationship between performance and the proportion of non-executive directors is negative and significant in both periods. These findings support the notion that the effects of board and ownership structures depend on the nature of the firm's environment, and therefore have important implications for policy-makers. © 2011 The Author(s). British Journal of Management © 2011 British Academy of Management.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84929429757	Electrochemical evaluation and DFT studies of 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-4,6-dioxo-8-phenyl-4,6-dihydropyrimido[2,1-b][1,3]thiazine-7-carbonitrile of carbon steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid	Belayachi M., Serrar H., El Assyry A., Oudda H., Boukhris S., Ebn Touhami M., Zarrouk A., Hammouti B., Ebenso E.E., El Midaoui A.	2015	International Journal of Electrochemical Science	10	4	None	Laboratoire des procèdes de séparation, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Tofail, BP 133, Kenitra, Morocco; Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, Organométallique et Théorique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Tofail, BP 133, Kenitra, Morocco; Laboratoire d'Optoélectronique et de Physico-chimie des Matériaux, Unité associée au CNRST, Département de Physique,Université Ibn Tofail, B.P. 133, Kénitra, Morocco; Laboratoire Matériaux, Electrochimie et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Tofail, Kenitra, Morocco; LCAE-URAC18, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed 1er, Oujda, Morocco; Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa	Belayachi, M., Laboratoire des procèdes de séparation, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Tofail, BP 133, Kenitra, Morocco; Serrar, H., Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, Organométallique et Théorique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Tofail, BP 133, Kenitra, Morocco; El Assyry, A., Laboratoire d'Optoélectronique et de Physico-chimie des Matériaux, Unité associée au CNRST, Département de Physique,Université Ibn Tofail, B.P. 133, Kénitra, Morocco; Oudda, H., Laboratoire des procèdes de séparation, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Tofail, BP 133, Kenitra, Morocco; Boukhris, S., Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, Organométallique et Théorique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Tofail, BP 133, Kenitra, Morocco; Ebn Touhami, M., Laboratoire Matériaux, Electrochimie et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Tofail, Kenitra, Morocco; Zarrouk, A., LCAE-URAC18, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed 1er, Oujda, Morocco; Hammouti, B., LCAE-URAC18, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed 1er, Oujda, Morocco, Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Ebenso, E.E., Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa; El Midaoui, A., Laboratoire des procèdes de séparation, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Tofail, BP 133, Kenitra, Morocco	In present study corrosion inhibition property of 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-4,6-dioxo-8-phenyl-4,6-dihydropyrimido[2,1-b][1,3]thiazine-7-carbonitrile (CHPPC) in 1.0 M HCl was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization and DFT studies. From electrochemical measurements it is observed that inhibition efficiency increases with CHPPC concentration and maximum efficiency (98.9) was obtained at 1.0 mM. The potentiodynamic study reveals that pyrimidothiazine derivative is a mixed type inhibitor with predominant cathodic action. EIS plot indicates that the addition of inhibitor increases the charge-transfer resistance (R<inf>ct</inf>) and decreases the double-layer capacitance (C<inf>dl</inf>) of the corrosion process, these observation reveal that investigated pyrimidothiazine derivative inhibits carbon steel corrosion by adsorption mechanism. Adsorption of pyrimidothiazine derivative on carbon steel surface obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The effect of temperature on the corrosion rate was investigated and some thermodynamic parameters were also calculated in order to explain the mechanism of adsorption. A theoretical study of the corrosion inhibition efficiency of this pyrimidothiazine derivative, was carried out using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory. © 2015 The Authors.	Corrosion inhibition; DFT; Electrochemical techniques; Pyrimidothiazine derivative; Steel	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904673859	Temperature performance of a thione quinoxaline compound as mild steel corrosion inhibitor in hydrochloric acid medium	El-Hajjaji F., Belkhmima R.A., Zerga B., Sfaira M., Taleb M., Ebn Touhami M., Hammouti B., Al-Deyab S.S., Ebenso E.	2014	International Journal of Electrochemical Science	9	9	None	Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Matériaux, de Modélisation et d'Environnement, LIMME, Faculté des Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, USMBA, BP 1796-30000, Atlas - Fès, Morocco; Laboratoire des Matériaux, d'Electrochimie et d'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Tofaîl, BP. 133-14000, Kénitra, Morocco; LCAE-URAC18, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, BP 717-60000, Oujda, Morocco; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, B.O. 2455, Riaydh11451, Saudi Arabia; Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa	El-Hajjaji, F., Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Matériaux, de Modélisation et d'Environnement, LIMME, Faculté des Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, USMBA, BP 1796-30000, Atlas - Fès, Morocco; Belkhmima, R.A., Laboratoire des Matériaux, d'Electrochimie et d'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Tofaîl, BP. 133-14000, Kénitra, Morocco; Zerga, B., Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Matériaux, de Modélisation et d'Environnement, LIMME, Faculté des Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, USMBA, BP 1796-30000, Atlas - Fès, Morocco; Sfaira, M., Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Matériaux, de Modélisation et d'Environnement, LIMME, Faculté des Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, USMBA, BP 1796-30000, Atlas - Fès, Morocco; Taleb, M., Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Matériaux, de Modélisation et d'Environnement, LIMME, Faculté des Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, USMBA, BP 1796-30000, Atlas - Fès, Morocco; Ebn Touhami, M., Laboratoire des Matériaux, d'Electrochimie et d'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Tofaîl, BP. 133-14000, Kénitra, Morocco; Hammouti, B., LCAE-URAC18, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, BP 717-60000, Oujda, Morocco; Al-Deyab, S.S., Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, B.O. 2455, Riaydh11451, Saudi Arabia; Ebenso, E., Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa	The inhibiting action of 3-methyl-1-prop-2-ynylquinoxaline-2(1H)-thione (Pr-N-Q=S) on mild steel in molar hydrochloric acid has been investigated in the temperature range from 35 to 80 °C using weight loss measurements. It was shown that the inhibition efficiency increased with Pr-N-Q=S concentration and remained constant and so higher close to 96 % at 10-3M though temperature rising. The apparent activation energies (Ea), enthalpies (ΔH*) and entropies of activation (ΔS*) values provided evidence of the inhibitory effect of Pr-N-Q=S. Langmuir isotherm model fitted well the adsorption of Pr-N-Q=S onto metallic surface in acidic media. Furthermore, spontaneity of the adsorption process, evaluated from the sign of free energy (ΔadsG°) values, showed a decrease upon temperature increase in the presence of Pr-N-Q=S. © 2014 The Authors.	Adsorption; Corrosion inhibition; Quinoxaline; Thermodynamic and kinetic proprieties	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84872852835	Evaluation of the nutritional potentials of physically treated cowpea seed hulls in poultry feed	Adebiyi O.A., Ologhobo A.D., Adu O.A., Olasehinde T.O.	2010	Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture	22	3	None	Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Toxicology, Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Animal Production and Health, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Institute of Agricultural Research and T	Adebiyi, O.A., Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Toxicology, Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Ologhobo, A.D., Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Toxicology, Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Adu, O.A., Department of Animal Production and Health, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Olasehinde, T.O., Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Obafemi Awolowo University, Moor Plantation, P. M. B 5029, Ibadan, Nigeria	Feeding has been reported to be responsible for the high cost observed in poultry production. The use of unconventional feedstuff for poultry production is however limited due to their fibrousness and inability of birds to possess the cellulase enzyme that can digest the fibre, nevertheless, physical treatments of these unconventional feedstuffs enhance their possibility in poultry production. The objective of this study therefore, was to evaluate the nutrient status of cowpea seed hull after being subjected to different treatment. The Cowpea seed hull that was not subjected to any form of treatment served as the control i.e. Untreated cowpea seed hull (UCH), while a portion was soaked and boiled (soaked and boiled cowpea seed hull, SBCH) and another portion soaked for 3 days, soaked cowpea seed hull (SCH). The seed hull in each treatment were analysed for their proximate composition, metabolisable energy (ME) and fibre fraction. The trial revealed a steady increase in crude protein (CP) of the test materials with the highest increase (18.43%) in crude protein recorded in SCH substrate compared to 6.73% increase in SBCH substrate. A corresponding decrease in crude fibre (CF) was recorded with 15.00% loss for SCH substrate while 6.97% loss in crude fibre was observed for SBCH substrate. Changes of 1.73% and 4.22% were recorded for nitrogen free extract (NFE) in SBCH and SCH respectively, while ME changes by 1.67% and 5.39% for SBCH and SCH substrates respectively. The effects of both physical treatments on ash and insoluble ash were not significant. Fibre analysis revealed that 7.55% (53.00% to 49.00%) and 18.87% (53.00% to 43.00%) of acid detergent fibre (ADF), 7.41% (81.00% to 75.00%) and 16.05% (81.00% to 68.00%) of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and 2.5% (40.00% to 39.00%) and 22.5% (40.00% to 31.00%) of cellulose were loss in SBCH and SCH substrates respectively. There were no significant effects on the acid detergent lignin (ADL) and hemicellulose components of the test samples due to these physical treatments. The result revealed that the different processing methods resulted in increase in the crude protein contents with a corresponding reduction in crude fibre of the seed hull. The changes observed must have been due to fermentation that occurred during the soaking of the seedhull.	Cowpea seed hull; Fibre fractions; Proximate composition	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84882628101	Five Years After; the Impact of a Participatory Technology Development Programme as Perceived by Smallholder Farmers in Benin and Ghana	Sterk B., Kobina A.C., Gogan A.C., Sakyi-Dawson O., Kossou D.	2013	Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension	19	4	10.1080/1389224X.2013.782819	Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, Netherlands; Department of Agricultural Extension, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana; Gulf Expertises Society, Consultancy Office, Porto-Novo, Benin; Department of Agricultural Extension, University of Ghana, CoS Programme Coordinator Ghana, Legon, Ghana; Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université de Abomey Calavi, CoS Programme Coordinator Benin, Cotonou, Benin	Sterk, B., Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, Netherlands; Kobina, A.C., Department of Agricultural Extension, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana; Gogan, A.C., Gulf Expertises Society, Consultancy Office, Porto-Novo, Benin; Sakyi-Dawson, O., Department of Agricultural Extension, University of Ghana, CoS Programme Coordinator Ghana, Legon, Ghana; Kossou, D., Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université de Abomey Calavi, CoS Programme Coordinator Benin, Cotonou, Benin	Purpose: The article reports effects on livelihoods of a participatory technology development effort in Benin and Ghana (2001-2006), five years after it ended.Design: The study uses data from all smallholders who participated in seven experimental groups, each facilitated by a PhD researcher. Baseline data and controls were not available. In their dissertations the researchers had each made claims about the impact of their work on the livelihoods of those involved. These claims guided the study in each group, and referred to both impacts based on the superiority of the technology developed, and increased knowledge or capacity that participants claimed to have gained. Two local social scientists interviewed 187 farmers.Findings: The study found considerable evidence of continued beneficial use of technologies developed with farmers. The most important reason for no longer using a technology or institutional innovation was that smallholders had not been able to sustain the conditions for use. Lasting non-technological effects included more mutual understanding among community members, emancipation vis-à-vis researchers and colleagues, and an experimental attitude and research skills. Such effects were recorded for nearly all groups.Practical implications: Smallholders face small windows of opportunity. Technologies and institutional changes that depend on artificially created conditions are likely to be discontinued once those conditions are withdrawn (for example, access to Neem seeds or agreements about land use between landlords and tenants). The findings draw attention to the conditions that enable smallholders to innovate.Originality/value: The study represents a rare attempt to study impact five years later and compares seven independent cases. © 2013 Wageningen University.	Conditions for technology use; CoS programme; IAR4D; Innovation; Integrated crop management; West Africa	None	None
WoS	WOS:000296467100001	Maternal health interventions in resource limited countries: a systematic review of packages, impacts and factors for change	Nyamtema, Angelo S.,Urassa, David P.,van Roosmalen, Jos	2011	BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH	11	None	10.1186/1471-2393-11-30	Leiden University, VU University Amsterdam, Sch Publ Hlth & Social Sci, Tanzanian Training Ctr Int Hlth	None	Background: The burden of maternal mortality in resource limited countries is still huge despite being at the top of the global public health agenda for over the last 20 years. We systematically reviewed the impacts of interventions on maternal health and factors for change in these countries. Methods: A systematic review was carried out using the guidelines for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Articles published in the English language reporting on implementation of interventions, their impacts and underlying factors for maternal health in resource limited countries in the past 23 years were searched from PubMed, Popline, African Index Medicus, internet sources including reproductive health gateway and Google, hand-searching, reference lists and grey literature. Results: Out of a total of 5084 articles resulting from the search only 58 qualified for systematic review. Programs integrating multiple interventions were more likely to have significant positive impacts on maternal outcomes. Training in emergency obstetric care (EmOC), placement of care providers, refurbishment of existing health facility infrastructure and improved supply of drugs, consumables and equipment for obstetric care were the most frequent interventions integrated in 52% - 65% of all 54 reviewed programs. Statistically significant reduction of maternal mortality ratio and case fatality rate were reported in 55% and 40% of the programs respectively. Births in EmOC facilities and caesarean section rates increased significantly in 71% - 75% of programs using these indicators. Insufficient implementation of evidence-based interventions in resources limited countries was closely linked to a lack of national resources, leadership skills and end-users factors. Conclusions: This article presents a list of evidenced-based packages of interventions for maternal health, their impacts and factors for change in resource limited countries. It indicates that no single magic bullet intervention exists for reduction of maternal mortality and that all interventional programs should be integrated in order to bring significant changes. State leaders and key actors in the health sectors in these countries and the international community are proposed to translate the lessons learnt into actions and intensify efforts in order to achieve the goals set for maternal health.	,"ANTENATAL CARE","EMERGENCY OBSTETRIC CARE","EMOC SERVICES",MORTALITY,NEPAL,PROGRAM,"RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL",SUPPLEMENTATION,"TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANTS",VITAMIN-A	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84944316139	Electrochemical evaluation of linseed oil as environment friendly inhibitor for corrosion of steel in HCL solution	Afia L., Salghi R., Benali O., Jodeh S., Warad I., Ebenso E., Hammouti B.	2015	Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta	33	3	10.4152/pea.201503137	Laboratory of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, ENSA, Ibn Zohr University, P.O. Box 1136, Agadir, Morocco; Department of Biology, Dr. Tahar Moulay University of Saïda, Algeria; Department of Chemistry, An-Najah National University, P. O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine; Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa; LCAE-URAC 18, University of Mohammed Premier, P.O. Box 717, Oujda, Morocco	Afia, L., Laboratory of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, ENSA, Ibn Zohr University, P.O. Box 1136, Agadir, Morocco; Salghi, R., Laboratory of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, ENSA, Ibn Zohr University, P.O. Box 1136, Agadir, Morocco; Benali, O., Department of Biology, Dr. Tahar Moulay University of Saïda, Algeria; Jodeh, S., Department of Chemistry, An-Najah National University, P. O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine; Warad, I., Department of Chemistry, An-Najah National University, P. O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine; Ebenso, E., Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa; Hammouti, B., LCAE-URAC 18, University of Mohammed Premier, P.O. Box 717, Oujda, Morocco	The effect of linseed oil (LO) on the corrosion of carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution was investigated using potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique and weight loss measurements. The inhibiting action increases with the concentration of the tested inhibitor. The highest efficiency (98.2%) is obtained at 3g/L of LO. The influence of temperature on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in 1 M HCl, with the addition of LO was also studied. The obtained data from EIS measurements were analyzed to model the corrosion inhibition process through an appropriate equivalent circuit model; a constant phase element (CPE) has been used. Polarization measurements show also that LO acts as a good mixed inhibitor. The inhibition process is attributed to the formation of an adsorbed film of the inhibitor on the metal surface which protects the metal against corrosion. LO is adsorbed on the steel surface according to a Langmuir isotherm adsorption model. The results obtained showed that the linseed oil could serve as an effective green inhibitor of the corrosion of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid medium. © 2015, Sociedade Portuguesa de Electroquimica. All rights reserved.	Carbon steel; Corrosion; Inhibition; Linseed oil	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901355419	Impact of enclosure management on soil properties and microbial biomass in a restored semi-arid rangeland, Kenya	Mureithi S.M., Verdoodt A., Gachene C.K.K., Njoka J.T., Wasonga V.O., De Neve S., Meyerhoff E., Van Ranst E.	2014	Journal of Arid Land	6	5	10.1007/s40333-014-0065-x	Laboratory of Soil Science, Department of Geology and Soil Science, Ghent University, B-9000, Gent, Belgium; Department of Land Resources Management and Agricultural Technology, University of Nairobi, 00625 Nairobi, Kenya; Research Unit of Soil Degradation and Conservation, Department of Soil Management, Ghent University, B-9000, Gent, Belgium; Rehabilitation of Arid Environments Trust, 1051 Nakuru, Kenya	Mureithi, S.M., Laboratory of Soil Science, Department of Geology and Soil Science, Ghent University, B-9000, Gent, Belgium, Department of Land Resources Management and Agricultural Technology, University of Nairobi, 00625 Nairobi, Kenya; Verdoodt, A., Laboratory of Soil Science, Department of Geology and Soil Science, Ghent University, B-9000, Gent, Belgium, Research Unit of Soil Degradation and Conservation, Department of Soil Management, Ghent University, B-9000, Gent, Belgium; Gachene, C.K.K., Department of Land Resources Management and Agricultural Technology, University of Nairobi, 00625 Nairobi, Kenya; Njoka, J.T., Department of Land Resources Management and Agricultural Technology, University of Nairobi, 00625 Nairobi, Kenya; Wasonga, V.O., Department of Land Resources Management and Agricultural Technology, University of Nairobi, 00625 Nairobi, Kenya; De Neve, S., Research Unit of Soil Degradation and Conservation, Department of Soil Management, Ghent University, B-9000, Gent, Belgium; Meyerhoff, E., Rehabilitation of Arid Environments Trust, 1051 Nakuru, Kenya; Van Ranst, E., Laboratory of Soil Science, Department of Geology and Soil Science, Ghent University, B-9000, Gent, Belgium	Rangeland degradation is a serious problem throughout sub-Saharan Africa and its restoration is a challenge for the management of arid and semi-arid areas. In Lake Baringo Basin of Kenya, communities and individual farmers are restoring indigenous vegetation inside enclosures in an effort to combat severe land degradation and address their livelihood problems. This study evaluated the impact of enclosure management on soil properties and microbial biomass, being key indicators of soil ecosystem health. Six reseeded communal enclosures using soil embankments as water-harvesting structures and strictly regulated access were selected, varying in age from 13 to 23 years. In six private enclosures, ranging from 3 to 17 years in age, individual farmers emulated the communal enclosure strategy and restored areas for their exclusive use. Significant decreases in bulk density, and increases in the soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and microbial biomass contents and stocks were found in the enclosures as compared with the degraded open rangeland. In the private enclosures, the impact of rehabilitation on the soil quality was variable, and soil quality was in general lower than that obtained under communal management. The significant increase of absolute stocks of carbon, nitrogen and microbial biomass compared to the degraded open rangeland indicates the potential for the restoration of soil quality through range rehabilitation. Over-sowing with indigenous legume fodder species could improve total nitrogen content in the soil and nutritional value of the pastures as well. © 2014 Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Springer - Verlag GmbH.	enclosures; Kenya; microbial biomass; rangeland degradation; rehabilitation; reseeding; soil quality	None	None
WoS	WOS:000259647600011	The impact of health education on attitudes towards female genital mutilation (FGM) in a rural Nigerian community	Amusan, Oluwatoyin A.,Asekun-Olarinmoye, Esther O.	2008	EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CONTRACEPTION AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CARE	13	3	10.1080/13625180802075174	Ladoke Akintola Univ Technol	None	Objectives To determine the level of practice of female genital mutilation (FGM) and the impact of a health education intervention in Shao community. Materials and methods Intervention study using a multistage sampling technique. The instrument was a pre-tested, structured questionnaire. The survey was supplemented by an in-depth interview of the traditional excisors. Results Most respondents (88.0%) cited traditional excisors as operators of the procedure, while 7.8% mentioned health workers. Factors found to be statistically significantly associated with the practice of FGM are age, gender and educational status of respondents (p &lt; 0.05). The age at which FGM is usually performed was put at under one year old by 60.3% of respondents. All respondents cited type II FGM as the type practised in the community. Most (88.0%) of the female respondents were excised. A greater proportion of men than women did not want the practice of FGM stopped in the pre-intervention stage; however, there was a statistically significant decrease in the proportion of males who did not want the practice of FGM stopped in the post-intervention stage. Also, there was a statistically significant increase in the proportion of respondents who had no intention to excise future female children in the post-intervention stage (p &lt; 0.05). Legislation, female literacy and empowerment, educating men and provision of alternative vocation for excisors were means suggested by respondents for stopping the practice. Conclusion and recommendations The health education intervention had a positive impact on the attitude of respondents towards FGM. However, for sustainable behavioural changes that will lead to elimination of FGM practice, we recommend placing FGM elimination efforts within a comprehensive development strategy and the larger context of reproductive health and gender education in Nigeria.	"female genital mutilation","HEALTH EDUCATION",NIGERIA,"RURAL COMMUNITY",CIRCUMCISION	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893100056	The impact of automatic teller machines on the cost efficiency of Nigeria	Adewoye J.O., Omoregie N.V.	2013	Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce	18	3	None	Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH), Department of Management and Accounting, Ladoke Akintola, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Department of Management and Accounting, University of Technology (LAUTECH), OGBOMOSO, Ladoke Akintola, Nigeria	Adewoye, J.O., Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH), Department of Management and Accounting, Ladoke Akintola, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Omoregie, N.V., Department of Management and Accounting, University of Technology (LAUTECH), OGBOMOSO, Ladoke Akintola, Nigeria	Banks have intensified their adoption and usage of ATMs as a major e-banking tool to generate substantial contributions to their operations and financial results. Among the expectations of the banks in deploying and usage of ATMs is improving efficiency particularly cost efficiency. There is, however, no clear evidence of banks achieving the desired returns from ATMs investments in the Nigerian banking environment. The broad objective of this study was therefore to analyze the effect of the intensity of ATMs deployment on the cost efficiency of banks in Nigeria. The specific objectives were to ascertain the determinants of ATMs deployment and to evaluate the effect of ATMs deployment on the cost efficiency of Nigerian banks. The study was carried out on twenty two commercial banks post consolidation in which twenty were selected based on purposive and multistage sampling techniques. Secondary data obtained from the five years financial reports and internal operational records of the banks were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistical tools. In ascertaining the determinants of ATMs deployment of banks in Nigeria, five factors were considered, these are bank size, bank profitability, salary level, number of banks during period of study and value of ATM transactions. Three of the five variables were found to be significant. These are: bank size, salary level and value of ATM transactions. Also in evaluating the effect of ATMs deployment on the operating cost rate and Asset management rate of banks in Nigeria, four variables were used, number of ATMs as main independent variable and bank size, salary level as well as nonperforming loans being control variables. Number of ATMs, bank size and salary level were found significant. The results showed that bank size, salary level and value of ATM transactions were key determinants of ATMs adoption by banks in Nigeria.The result also revealed that the intensity of ATMs deployment made positive contribution to the cost efficiency of Nigerian banks. © Jonathan Oyerinde Adewoye and Nosa Victor Omoregie, 2013.	ATM intensity; ATM investments; Automated Teller Machine (ATM); Cost Efficiency; Information and Communication Technology (ICT)	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84859460950	Impacts of climate change on rice agriculture in Nigeria	Ajetomobia J., Abiodunb A., Hassanc R.	2011	Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems	14	2	None	Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Dept. of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Ajetomobia, J., Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Abiodunb, A., Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Hassanc, R., Dept. of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	This study employed the Ricardian approach to test the relative importance of climate normals (average long-term temperature and precipitation) in explaining net revenue from Nigerian rice agriculture under irrigation and dry land conditions. A survey was done by interviewing 1200 rice farmers from 20 rice producing states in Nigeria. The states covered all the six geopolitical zones in the country. The results showed that increase in temperature will reduce net revenue for dry land rice farms while net revenue rises with increase in temperature for irrigated rice farms. Precipitation had similar effects on rice net revenue. Increase in precipitation will cause reduction in revenue for dry land rice farms whereas it will cause increase in revenue for irrigated farms. The results clearly demonstrate irrigation as a significant techniques used by the farmers to adapt to the climate change. Other adaptation options include Keeping of livestock, engaging in off farm works and the use of different market channels.	Climate change; Irrigation; Net revenue; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79952713801	Evaluation of changes in pasting properties of ogi during storage	Bolaji O.T., Awonorin S.O., Olalusi P.A., Adepoju P.A.	2011	Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry	10	1	None	Lagos State polytechnic, Dept of Food science, Shagamu Road, Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria; University Of Agriculture Dept Food science and Technology, Abeokuta ogun state, Nigeria; Federal University of Technology, Dept of Agriculture Engineering, Akure Ondo S	Bolaji, O.T., Lagos State polytechnic, Dept of Food science, Shagamu Road, Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria; Awonorin, S.O., University Of Agriculture Dept Food science and Technology, Abeokuta ogun state, Nigeria; Olalusi, P.A., Federal University of Technology, Dept of Agriculture Engineering, Akure Ondo State, Nigeria; Adepoju, P.A., Lagos State polytechnic, Dept of Food science, Shagamu Road, Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria	This study was conducted to investigate the effect of storage temperature on pasting properties of ogi. This was processed using traditional method and stored at different temperatures (27±3°C, 5 ±2°C, -10±3°C and -20 ±3°C) for a period of 12 weeks, this was repeated for another 12 weeks. Ogi samples were subsequently dried in cabinet drier at temperature of 47±3°C. The peak and final viscosity of ogi stored at the ambient temperature (27±3°C), witnessed a noticeable reduction from week four (4) of storage. Storage at temperature of 5 ±2°C, -10±3°C and -20 ±3°c conditions maintained the hold strength throughout the storage period. There was significant difference (p<. 0.05) in the values of breakdown viscosity. The setback viscosity values were consistently maintained in storage condition of 5 ±2°C, -10±3°C and -20 ±3°C throughout the period of storage but a consistent reduction was observed in ogi stored at 27±3°C. The range of pasting temperature for ogi samples throughout the period of storage was between 76 and 79°C. The cooking time ranged from 4.80 and 5.70 minutes. The study showed that gelling stability and pasting ability tend to witness reduction with increase in storage period at ambient temperature (27±3°C) and 5±2°C if the storage period is increased beyond that used in this research work.	Final viscosity storage temperature; Peak time set back viscosity; Peak viscosity	None	None
WoS	WOS:000259850000007	The negative impacts of adolescent sexuality problems among secondary school students in Oworonshoki Lagos	Ajayi, G.,Ashiru, O. A.,Izegbu, M. C.,Oguntola, J. A.,Shittu, L. A. J.,Zachariah, M. P.	2007	SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND ESSAYS	2	1	None	Lagos State Univ, Med Assisted Reprod Ctr MART	None	This study was conducted to focus on the negative health outcomes related to sexual behaviour in adolescents and young adults attending public school in the Oworonshoki region of Lagos, Nigeria, Africa. Since, there is a relative dearth of knowledge on adolescents who face unique and challenging economics, health and education problems in our society. Data on the socio-demographic characteristics, prevalence and knowledge towards STD including HIV/AIDS, prevalence of sexual abuse practice/sexual behaviour, family planning awareness and acceptance including abortion practice were sorted out using self structured questionnaires and administered to 60% of student's population using a stratified random sampling technique. 55.8% lived with both parents. While, 50.3% of the mothers had basic secondary school qualifications, 72.4% of them are traders. 61.5% had sex education were from misinformed friends/peers while 51% had no basic knowledge about sexual behavioral practice and attitude towards STDs/AIDS (HIV). STD has a prevalence of 34 and 41% of boys used condoms for preventing STI/HIV transmission and unwanted pregnancies. One out of every five sexually active teenagers has experienced forced sex, especially among the circumcised girls who were more sexually active than the uncircumcised girls. 60% of girls between ages of 12 and 18 years had more than one unsafe abortion with severe vaginal bleeding (haemorrhage) as the chief complication. However, 65% of the girls did abortion for fear of leaving school and financial hardship as the reasons.	ADOLESCENT,ATTITUDE,KNOWLEDGE,LAGOS,LEGISLATION,SEXUALITY,ABUSE	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84910036528	Re-engineering of Nigerian university library personnel for optimal performance in the digital age	Ogungbeni J.I., Adeleke O., Opeke R.	2014	Information Development	30	4	10.1177/0266666913492447	Lagos State University, Badagry Expressway, PMB 0001, LASU Post Office, Ojo, Lagos State Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Information Resources Management, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria	Ogungbeni, J.I., Lagos State University, Badagry Expressway, PMB 0001, LASU Post Office, Ojo, Lagos State Lagos, Nigeria; Adeleke, O., Lagos State University, Badagry Expressway, PMB 0001, LASU Post Office, Ojo, Lagos State Lagos, Nigeria; Opeke, R., Department of Information Resources Management, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria	This paper examines the evolution of university libraries in Nigeria, the process of re-engineering of workers in an organization like the university library and good librarianship practice in this digital age. The paper advocates for effective motivation, training and development programmes for all categories of university library personnel. A model for integrating the different processes in a university library for optimal performance of library personnel is suggested for Nigerian university libraries. © The Author(s) 2013.	library staff development; Nigeria; training; university libraries	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867687853	Comparative reproductive and growth performance of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) and its hybrid induced with synthetic hormone and pituitary land of Clarias gariepinus	Ndimele P.E., Owodeinde F.G.	2012	Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences	12	3	10.4194/1303-2712-v12_3_09	Lagos State University, Faculty of Science, Department of Fisheries, Environmental Toxicology and Ecological Restoration, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria	Ndimele, P.E., Lagos State University, Faculty of Science, Department of Fisheries, Environmental Toxicology and Ecological Restoration, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria; Owodeinde, F.G., Lagos State University, Faculty of Science, Department of Fisheries, Environmental Toxicology and Ecological Restoration, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria	A study was conducted to determine the comparative reproductive, growth performances and nutrient utilization of Clarias gariepinus and its hybrid "heteroclarias" using ovaprim and pituitary extract of male and female C. gariepinus. The experimental broodstocks consisted of 6 female C. gariepinus (2 each were induced separately with ovaprim, male pituitary of C. gariepinus and female pituitary of C. gariepinus), 3 male C. gariepinus and 3 male Heterobranchus bidorsalis. 2 female C. gariepinus induced with synthetic hormone were crossed separately with male C. gariepinus and male H. bidorsalis. A similar crossing was done for the other two sets of female C. gariepinus induced with male and female pituitary glands. The result shows that there was significant difference (P<0.05) among the treatments in all the reproductive performance, growth and nutrient utilization parameters. The highest percentage fertilization (88.44±5.74%), feed intake (27.48±7.08g), protein intake (15.39±3.96g), feed conversion ratio (1.21±0.12) and protein efficiency ratio (1.68±0.19) were recorded in pure line C. gariepinus induced with ovaprim. Pure breed C. gariepinus also had the highest values in all the reproductive performance and growth parameters. This study has shown that C. gariepinus induced with synthetic hormone (ovaprim) produce offspring with better qualities than those induced with pituitary. © Published by Central Fisheries Research Institute (CFRI) Trabzon, Turkey.	Catfish; Growth parameters; Nutrient utilization; Ovaprim; Pituitary extract	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940949166	Social media network participation and academic performance in senior high schools in Ghana	Mingle J., Adams M.	2015	Library Philosophy and Practice	2015	1	None	Lancaster University Ghana, Ghana; Department of Information Studies, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana	Mingle, J., Lancaster University Ghana, Ghana; Adams, M., Department of Information Studies, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana	This study looks at social media network participation and academic performance in senior high schools. The study was aimed at identifying social media network sites and their usage among students, how students networked and participated on social media networks, time invested by students on social networks, the effects of social media on students' grammar and spelling as well as the effects of social network participation on the student's academic performance within the context of the social learning and the use and gratification theories. To achieve the objectives of the research, the study used a mixed method approach which involved the survey of students in four senior high schools and interviews of heads of the senior high schools. The study revealed that majority of respondents used Whatsapp and Facebook for making friends and chatting. In addition, majority of respondents experienced negative effects such as poor grammar and spelling, late submission of assignment, less study time and poor academic performance due to the heavy participation on social media networks. Furthermore, there was a high addiction rate among students in the usage of social media networks. Nevertheless, there were cases where others experienced improvement in their readings skills as a result of participation on social media networks. Also, respondents shared ideas, discussed and shared examination questions among themselves on social media networks. The study recommended the strict enforcement of Ghana Education Service rule on electronic devices usage in schools, promotion of social media usage for academic purpose, counselling for addicted students and the use of the right grammar and spelling when participating on social networks.	Academic performance; Addiction; Social media networks; Students	None	None
WoS	WOS:000342805100007	Evaluating team project-work using triangulation: lessons from communities in northern Ghana	Clark, Gordon,Jasaw, Godfred Seidu	2014	JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHY IN HIGHER EDUCATION	38	4	10.1080/03098265.2014.936311	Lancaster University, NERC Natural Environment Research Council, Univ Dev Studies	"Clark, Gordon: Lancaster University","Clark, Gordon: NERC Natural Environment Research Council",	This paper uses triangulation to assess key aspects of a team-based, participatory action research programme for undergraduates in rural communities across northern Ghana. The perceptions of the programme and its effects on the students, staff and host communities are compared, showing areas of agreement and disagreement. The successes of the programme (particularly the students' development) and areas for improvement (student preparation and follow-up actions) are set out. We consider how this programme might be used in other contexts. Advantages include impact on students and moral value: disadvantages include cost and timetabling. The merits of a triangulation approach to evaluation are discussed.	COMMUNITY,evaluation,"Northern Ghana",participatory,PROJECTS,TRIANGULATION,ETHICS,FIELDWORK,GEOGRAPHY,"PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000296940900003	Mentoring and its Impact on the Publication Output of Librarians in Selected Academic Libraries in South-West Nigeria	Yusuf, Felicia	2011	AFRICAN JOURNAL OF LIBRARY ARCHIVES AND INFORMATION SCIENCE	21	2	None	Landmark Univ Lib	None	The paper examined the possible role of mentoring in explaining the publication output of librarians in selected academic libraries. The paper sought to find out the number of papers that the academic librarians published annually, whether they are required to publish the same number of papers for promotion to particular grades as required of mainstream academics in their universities, whether they had mentors, and their perceptions of the impact of mentoring on their publication output. Data were collected from 66 academic librarians in four purposively selected universities in South-West Nigeria. Mentoring was perceived by the librarians to have a positive impact on their publication output, and that the major constraints on their publication efforts were their routine jobs and inability to conceptualise research topics. The study recommends that upcoming academic librarians should have mentors and collaborate with their senior colleagues until they are able to acquire the necessary skills to conceptualise research and publish quality papers. They should also transfer some of their routine duties to para-professionals in their libraries in order to be able to concentrate more on research-related activities such as reading extensively other peoples' works.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896366728	Impact of corporate social irresponsibility on the corporate image and reputation of multinational oil corporations in Nigeria	Amujo O.C., Laninhun B.A., Otubanjo O., Ajala V.O.	2012	Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability	4	None	10.1108/S2043-9059(2012)0000004020	Laninhun Department of Communication Arts, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Lagos Business School, Pan-African University, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Human Communications, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria; Nigerian Institute of Public Relations, La	Amujo, O.C., Nigerian Institute of Public Relations, Lagos, Nigeria; Laninhun, B.A., Laninhun Department of Communication Arts, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Otubanjo, O., Lagos Business School, Pan-African University, Lagos, Nigeria; Ajala, V.O., Department of Human Communications, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria	Purpose - This chapter examines how irresponsible corporate activities (environmental pollution, human rights abuses, tax evasion, corruption and contract scandals) of some multinational oil companies in the Niger Delta influence stakeholders' perception of their image/reputation in Nigeria. Methodology - The objective of this chapter is accomplished through the review of literature on the activities of multinational oil corporations in the Niger Delta, supported by qualitative interviews and analysis of archival materials. Findings - Three important findings emerged from this study. First, the participants were fully aware of the irresponsible behaviours of oil corporations in the Niger Delta, and some oil corporations were involved in these illicit acts. Second, the analysis of archival materials supports the participants' views with reference to the identities of the corporations involved in these criminal acts. Third, the absence of a strong corporate governance system in Nigeria makes it possible for the officials of oil corporations to tactically circumvent the law by involving in a maze of sophisticated corrupt acts. Research/practical implications - The implication for the academics and practitioners is evident when a corporation implements corporate social responsibility dutifully; it generates positive impact on its corporate reputation rating. Conversely, when a corporation engages in irresponsible corporate misbehaviours, it attracts negative consequences on its reputation. Originality - The originality of this chapter lies in the fact that it is the first empirical study to examine the impact of corporate social irresponsibility on the image/reputation of multinational oil corporations in Nigeria. Copyrightr © 2012 by Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Corporate image; Corporate reputation; Corporate social irresponsibility; Niger Delta; Nigeria	None	None
WoS	WOS:000308717900019	An evaluation of an operations research project to reduce childhood stunting in a food-insecure area in Ethiopia	Bulti, Assaye T.,Duffield, Arabella,Fenn, Bridget,Nduna, Themba,Watson, Fiona	2012	PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION	15	9	10.1017/S1368980012001115	Le Rocher, Save Children	None	Objective: To determine which interventions can reduce linear growth retardation (stunting) in children aged 6-36 months over a 5-year period in a food-insecure population in Ethiopia. Design: We used data collected through an operations research project run by Save the Children UK: the Child Caring Practices (CCP) project. Eleven neighbouring villages were purposefully selected to receive one of four interventions: (i) health; (iii) nutrition education; (iii) water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH); or (iv) integrated comprising all interventions. A comparison group of three villages did not receive any interventions. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted at baseline (2004) and for impact evaluation (2009) using the same quantitative and qualitative tools. The primary outcome was stunted growth in children aged 6-36 months measured as height (or length)-for-age Z-scores (mean and prevalence). Secondary outcomes were knowledge of health seeking, infant and young child feeding and preventive practices. Setting: Amhara, Ethiopia. Subjects: Children aged 6-36 months. Results: The WASH intervention group was the only group to show a significant increase in mean height-for-age Z-score (+0.33, P = 0.02), with a 12.1% decrease in the prevalence of stunting, compared with the baseline group. This group also showed significant improvements in mothers' knowledge of causes of diarrhoea and hygiene practices. The other intervention groups saw non-significant impacts for childhood stunting but improvements in knowledge relating to specific intervention education messages given. Conclusions: The study suggests that an improvement in hygiene practices had a significant impact on stunting levels. However, there may be alternative explanations for this and further evidence is required.	ETHIOPIA,"food insecure","impact evaluation","OPERATIONS RESEARCH",STUNTING,CHILDREN,GROWTH,INFECTION,INTERVENTIONS,"INTESTINAL PERMEABILITY",NUTRITION,UNDERNUTRITION	None	None
WoS	WOS:000339940700005	The impact of conditional cash transfers on child health in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review	Cross, Ruth,Owusu-Addo, Ebenezer	2014	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH	59	4	10.1007/s00038-014-0570-x	Leeds Metropolitan University, Kwame Nkrumah University Science & Technology, Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol	"Cross, Ruth: Leeds Metropolitan University",	The review aimed to assess the effectiveness of conditional cash transfers (CCTs) in improving child health in low- and middle-income countries. Seven electronic databases were searched for papers: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, PsychINFO, BIOSIS Previews, Academic Search Complete, and CSA Sociological Abstracts. The included studies comprised of randomised controlled trials and controlled before-and-after studies evaluating the impact of CCTs on child health. Due to the substantial heterogeneity of the studies, a narrative synthesis was conducted on the extracted data. Sixteen studies predominantly from Latin American countries met the inclusion criteria. The outcomes reported by the studies in relation to CCTs' effectiveness in improving child health were reduction in morbidity risk, improvement in nutritional outcomes, health services utilisation, and immunisation coverage. The review suggests that to a large extent, CCTs are effective in improving child health by addressing child health determinants such as access to health care, child and maternal nutrition, morbidity risk, immunisation coverage, and household poverty in developing countries particularly middle-income countries. Of importance to both policy and practice, it appears that CCTs require effective functioning of health care systems to effectively promote child health.	"CHILD HEALTH","conditional cash transfers","Low- and middle-income countries","programme theory","systematic review",CLUSTER-RANDOMIZED-TRIAL,EDUCATION,GROWTH,INTERVENTIONS,MEXICO,NUTRITION,OPORTUNIDADES,PROGRAM,PROMOTION,WEIGHT	None	None
None	None	Employee layoffs, shareholder wealth and firm performance: Evidence from the UK	Hillier D., Marshall A., McColgan P., Werema S.	2007	Journal of Business Finance and Accounting	34	42433	10.1111/j.1468-5957.2007.02042.x	Leeds University Business School, University of Leeds, United Kingdom; Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Strathclyde, United Kingdom; Faculty of Business Management, Open University of Tanzania, Tanzania; Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Strathclyde, Curran Building, 100 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0LN, United Kingdom	Hillier, D., Leeds University Business School, University of Leeds, United Kingdom; Marshall, A., Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Strathclyde, United Kingdom; McColgan, P., Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Strathclyde, United Kingdom, Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Strathclyde, Curran Building, 100 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0LN, United Kingdom; Werema, S., Faculty of Business Management, Open University of Tanzania, Tanzania	We examine the financial performance of UK listed companies surrounding the announcement of permanent employee layoffs. We find that poor operating and stock price performance, increased gearing, and threats from external markets for corporate control precede employee layoffs. Layoff announcements elicit a significantly negative stock price reaction, which is driven by announcements that are reactive to poor financial conditions. We also find that layoffs result in significant increases in employee productivity and corporate focus. We conclude that layoffs represent an efficient response to poor financial conditions, but that their occurrence is strongly dependent on pressure from external control markets. © 2007 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.	Corporate control; Corporate restructuring; Employee layoffs; Firm performance	None	None
WoS	WOS:000250834900004	Adherence to HAART therapy measured by electronic monitoring in newly diagnosed HIV patients in Botswana	Anand, Bene,Cohen, Adam,Iwebor, Henry Uchechukwaka,Kristanto, Paulus,Rakesh, Pande,Stiekema, Jacobus,Vriesendorp, Reinout,Vrijens, Bernard	2007	EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY	63	12	10.1007/s00228-007-0369-2	Leiden University, VU University Amsterdam, Ardex Ltd, CHDR, Nyangabgwe Hosp, Pharmion Syst Ltd	None	Aims This pilot study was designed to evaluate the feasibility and benefits of electronic adherence monitoring of antiretroviral medications in HIV patients who recently started Highly Active Anti Retroviral Therapy (HAART) in Francistown, Botswana and to compare this with self-reporting. Methods Dosing histories were compiled electronically using Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) monitors to evaluate adherence to prescribed therapies. Thirty patients enrolled in the antiretroviral treatment program were monitored over 6 weeks. These patients were all antiretroviral (ARV) naive. After each visit (mean three times) to the pharmacy, the data compiled by the monitors were downloaded. Electronic monitoring of adherence was compared to patient self-reports of adherence. Results The mean individual medication adherence level measured with the electronic device was 85% (range 21-100%). The mean adherence level measured by means of self-reporting was 98% (range 70-100%). Medication prescribed on a once-a-day dose base was associated with a higher adherence level (97.9% for efavirenz) compared with a twice-a-day regimen (88.4% for Lamivudine/Zidovudine). Conclusions It is feasible to assess treatment adherence of patients living in a low resource setting on HAART by using electronic monitors. Adherence, even in the early stages of treatment, appears to be insufficient in some patients and may be below the level required for continuous inhibition of viral replication. This approach may lead to improved targeting of counselling about their medication intake of such patients in order to prevent occurrence of resistant viral strains due to inadequate inhibition of viral replication. In this pilot study a significant difference between the data recorded through the electronic monitors and those provided by self-reporting was observed.	ADHERENCE,HAART,"MEMS caps","ANTIRETROVIRAL ADHERENCE",CLINICAL-PRACTICE,COMBINATIONS,DIDANOSINE,DRUG-RESISTANCE,"INFECTED PATIENTS",NEVIRAPINE,"PROTEASE INHIBITORS",SELF-REPORT,ZIDOVUDINE	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84906997421	Even we can read: Evaluating the impact of a project to expand library services to visually impaired users in rural South Africa	Nassimbeni M., Jager K.D.	2014	Libri	64	3	10.1515/libri-2014-0018	Library and Information Studies Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa	Nassimbeni, M., Library and Information Studies Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Jager, K.D., Library and Information Studies Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa	The project "We are all on the same page" was launched by the South African Library for the Blind (SALB) in April 2010 to create access to libraries and reading material for the visually impaired in impoverished rural areas of the Eastern Cape in South Africa. A decentralised approach was adopted, by locating new services in established public libraries in rural communities and by specifically promoting new services to visually impaired potential users. This approach was based on the knowledge that the many disadvantaged people dwelling in rural areas, who were not taking up library services, did not recognise that libraries and library services could be intended for them as well as for sighted readers. The new approach to delivery required inter-governmental collaboration among three spheres of government: national, provincial and local authority. Library staff had to be trained in serving blind and visually impaired people by providing assistive technologies and reading material, and to provide information literacy tuition to these new library users. The services were to be located in seven public libraries in the rural Eastern Cape. This paper will attempt to provide both objective and qualitative evidence of the impact of the project and to show how it has been expanding to other sites and also to other provinces. © 2014 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston.	Evaluation of Library Services; Public Libraries; Visually Impaired Readers	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84872400047	Giving them what they want and assessing impact: Case studies of public library services in the Western Cape, South Africa	de Jager K., Nassimbeni M.	2012	African Journal of Library Archives and Information Science	22	1	None	Library and Information Studies Centre, University of Cape Town, South Africa	de Jager, K., Library and Information Studies Centre, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Nassimbeni, M., Library and Information Studies Centre, University of Cape Town, South Africa	This paper focuses on the principles proposed in the "Library and Information Services Transformation Charter", exploring the extent to which two public/community libraries in the Western Cape Province of South Africa are already engaged in charter activities. Interviews were conducted with directors of the library services who identified libraries where examples of good practice were already in evidence. Two sites were thereafter selected as case studies out of a total of 98 libraries in the City of Cape Town Library and Information Service, and the nature of the charter-oriented services being provided there described. The paper concludes with an attempt to show how data may be collected to make a case for the impact of library services as part of an advocacy strategy and to secure recognition of the validity of claims by public and community libraries for partnership in national development efforts.	Impact assessment; Information services charter; Library and information services; Public libraries; South africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84923307359	Performance appraisal systems in academic and research libraries in Ghana: A survey	Agyen-Gyasi K., Boateng M.S.	2015	Library Review	64	None	10.1108/LR-02-2014-0019	Library, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Agyen-Gyasi, K., Library, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Boateng, M.S., Library, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Purpose – The purpose of this study is to discuss the impact of performance appraisal on the productivity levels of professional and para-professional librarians in selected academic and research libraries in Ghana, namely, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Building and Road Research Institute, Crop Research Institute and the Forestry Research Institute of Ghana of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research and the Kumasi Polytechnic. Design/methodology/approach – Both primary and secondary sources of data were used for the study. The primary data involved the use of a structured questionnaire to 60 respondents, but 50 of them, representing 83.3 per cent, responded. This was supplemented by secondary sources such as records on file, journals, books and Internet sources. Findings – The survey revealed that these institutions practice performance appraisal on an annual basis as a way of promoting team work, reducing grievances, identifying employees’ strengths and weaknesses and their training needs. It was observed that these institutions do not have a common appraisal format for appraising their staff. Furthermore, only the Head Librarians carry out the appraisals instead of the Line Mangers who are always in touch with these employees on a daily basis. Originality/value – The paper will be of significant value to policymakers and administrators in academic and research institutions in the planning and implementation of performance appraisal systems. Challenges facing these institutions in implementing effective performance appraisal have been highlighted and appropriate recommendations have been made to ensure quality service delivery. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Human resource development; Job evaluation; Performance indicators; Work ethics	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-45949104696	The Performance of South African and Kenyan Universities on the World Wide Web: A web link analysis	Onyancha O.B., Ocholla D.N.	2007	Cybermetrics	11	1	None	Library, University of Eastern Africa Baraton, P.O. Box 2500, Eldoret, Kenya; Department of Library and Information Science, University of Zululand, X1001 KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa	Onyancha, O.B., Library, University of Eastern Africa Baraton, P.O. Box 2500, Eldoret, Kenya; Ocholla, D.N., Department of Library and Information Science, University of Zululand, X1001 KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa	The study used Link Analysis to compare Kenyan and South African universities according to several Web-based indicators, some of which include the number of pages, and the number of in and out-links. The authors examined the external out-links in order to determine the institutions targeted by South African and Kenyan universities. Also investigated were the networks or links between universities. Web Impact Factors (WIFs) were calculated and reported in order to compare the universities' web influence. Results indicate that Kenyan universities, like most African universities, have embraced the Internet and its constructs fairly recently, hence most of their websites are at initial stages of construction. Comparatively, South African universities have made remarkable progress in their web presence, which is at an advanced stage of development, equaling counterparts in more developed countries. The study recommends that regional webometric studies be conducted periodically in order to investigate and map the web-related developments of African universities, it concludes that African universities, though not comparable to counterparts in developed countries, can have their websites evaluated webometrically.	Kenya; Link analysis; South Africa; Universities; Webometrics	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84928612712	Progress in ozone sensors performance: A review	David M., Ibrahim M.H., Idrus S.M., Azmi A.I., Ngajikin N.H., En Marcus T.C., Yaacob M., Salim M.R., Aziz A.A.	2015	Jurnal Teknologi	73	6	None	Lightwave Communication Research Group, Infocomm Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Department of Telecommunication Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technolog	David, M., Lightwave Communication Research Group, Infocomm Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia, Department of Telecommunication Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria; Ibrahim, M.H., Lightwave Communication Research Group, Infocomm Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Idrus, S.M., Lightwave Communication Research Group, Infocomm Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Azmi, A.I., Lightwave Communication Research Group, Infocomm Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Ngajikin, N.H., Lightwave Communication Research Group, Infocomm Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; En Marcus, T.C., Lightwave Communication Research Group, Infocomm Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Yaacob, M., Lightwave Communication Research Group, Infocomm Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Salim, M.R., Lightwave Communication Research Group, Infocomm Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Aziz, A.A., Language Academy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia	There has been a surge in ozone gas relevance in agriculture, environment and in the industry. This has resulted in increased research activities in areas involving ozone gas generation, application, safety and sensing. In this manuscript we present reviews of selected recent works (2011-2015) on ozone gas sensors based on absorption spectroscopy. Issues addressed include sensors applications versus requirements; sensors performance versus limitations and cost of sensors. Outstanding research issues are also outlined. While the review is mainly biased towards sensing of ozone using conventional absorption spectroscopy, other methods such as photo acoustic, photo reductive, photo stimulated, metal oxides, electrochemical, chemical, solid state and resistive ozone sensors were also considered in light of their performance criteria. Generally, it was observed that new applications of ozone gas lead to new sensing research challenges. Several sensing parameters were repeatedly investigated and improved upon over the years. Some of these parameters include: selectivity, sensitivity, speed of response, cost of sensor, lower detection limit and portability. © 2015 Penerbit UTM Press. All rights reserved.	Application; Limitations; Methodology; Ozone; Research directions; Review	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84875002629	The relationship between followership style and job performance in botswana private universities	Oyetunji C.O.	2013	International Education Studies	6	2	10.5539/ies.v6n2p179	Limkokwing University of Creative Technology, Botswana	Oyetunji, C.O., Limkokwing University of Creative Technology, Botswana	This paper describes the followership style and job performance in Botswana private universities. Attempt was made to determine if there is a significant relationship between followership styles in relation to job performance. A total of 102 randomly selected lecturers from the two private universities completed followership and job performance questionnaires. The data indicates that in Botswana private universities: (a) followership styles include passive, alienated, pragmatist and exemplary followership styles. The most common followership style among the lecturers is pragmatist followership style. (b) there is no relationship between exemplary, pragmatist and alienated followership styles and job performance; indicating low performance of lecturers who indicated these followership styles. (c) there is a high relationship between passive followership style and job performance; indicating high performance of lecturers who indicated this style of followership.	Followership style; Job performance; Private universities in botswana	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84921649703	Financial performance of local government in Limpopo province, 2010-2012	Mamogale M.J.	2014	African Studies Quarterly	15	1	None	Limpopo Provincial Legislature, South Africa; Wits Graduate School of Governance, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Mamogale, M.J., Limpopo Provincial Legislature, South Africa, Wits Graduate School of Governance, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Governance problems mar local government in South Africa's Limpopo Province, especially in relation to financial management. The province received the highest rate of unsatisfactory audit outcomes between 2010 and 2012 of any province in South Africa. This paper examines the various explanations for this situation and uses the datasets from the Afrobarometer and the audit outcome reports to compare the financial performance of the Limpopo local government and its municipalities with that of other South African provinces. One key finding is that employment recruitment patterns have a major influence on financial performance of the municipalities. In particular, an "informal" cadre recruitment approach has a negative impact on local government's financial performance. The paper thus concludes that the governing African National Congress has used a strategy that disregards competitive recruitment practices and rewards party members and those affiliated with the party with access to employment, especially in local government, which has detrimental effects on financial management of municipalities. © University of Florida Board of Trustees, a public corporation of the State of Florida.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84921693102	Battling the Race: Stylizing Language and Coproducing Whiteness and Colouredness in a Freestyle Rap Performance	Williams Q.E., Stroud C.	2014	Journal of Linguistic Anthropology	24	3	10.1111/jola.12064	Linguistics Department, University of the Western Cape, South Africa	Williams, Q.E., Linguistics Department, University of the Western Cape, South Africa; Stroud, C., Linguistics Department, University of the Western Cape, South Africa	In the last 19 years of post-apartheid South African democracy, race remains an enduring and familiar trope, a point of certainty amid the messy ambiguities of transformation. In the present article, we explore the malleable, permeable, and unstable racializations of contemporary South Arica, specifically the way in which coloured and white racializations are negotiated and interactionally accomplished in the context of Capetonian hip-hop. The analysis reveals the complex ways in which racialized bodies are figured semiotically through reference to historical time and contemporary (translocal) social space. But also the way iconic features of blackness are reindexicalized to stand for a transnational whiteness. © 2015 by the American Anthropological Association.	Colouredness; Hip-hop; Performance; Race; Stylization; Whiteness	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908701845	Monitoring and evaluation of an early childhood development programme: Implications for leadership and management	Hodgson S., Papatheodorou T., James M.	2014	Management in Education	28	4	10.1177/0892020614550465	Little Elephant Training Centre for Early Education (LETCEE), Greytown, South Africa; Save the Children, London, United Kingdom; LETCEE, Greytown, South Africa	Hodgson, S., Little Elephant Training Centre for Early Education (LETCEE), Greytown, South Africa; Papatheodorou, T., Save the Children, London, United Kingdom; James, M., LETCEE, Greytown, South Africa	The article aims to discuss preliminary findings from a participatory monitoring and evaluation (M&E) framework, used in a community-based early childhood development (ECD) programme in KwaZulu-Natal South Africa, and their implications for leadership and management. The purposes of the M&E were for LETCEE, the implementing organization, to enhance its own learning and M&E systems, and to gather data for use by the funding body to advocate for alternative ECD programmes. A participatory M&E framework was used, adopting a case study design, to collect both qualitative and quantitative data from multiple sources. Thematic analysis and statistical analysis were employed for qualitative and quantitative data, respectively. Emerging issues from data analysis included: use of data beyond accountability to funders; new learnings for all those involved with M&E; and informing decision-making and planning. The implications of these findings are discussed for the organization’s leadership and management. © 2014 British Educational Leadership, Management & Administration Society (BELMAS).	early childhood development; management and leadership; monitoring and evaluation (M&E); organizational learning; participatory M&E	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84958049125	The impact of harvest frequency on herbage yield and quality of cynodon nlemfuensis	Timpong-Jones E.C., Adjorlolo L.K., Ayizanga R.A.	2015	West African Journal of Applied Ecology	23	2	None	Livestock and Poultry Research Centre, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana; Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana	Timpong-Jones, E.C., Livestock and Poultry Research Centre, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana; Adjorlolo, L.K., Livestock and Poultry Research Centre, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana; Ayizanga, R.A., Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana	Ruminants in Ghana experience feed deficit in the dry season leading to loss of weight and condition. To curb this problem of weight loss, there is the need to raise their plain of nutrition in the critical months of the year when feed is low in quantity and quality. This can be achieved by maximising forage production through appropriate harvest management practices. This study sought to find the effect of repeated harvest on dry matter (DM) yield of Cynodon nlemfuensis (Cynodon) in the coastal savanna of Ghana. It was hypothesised that infrequent repeated harvest will improve DM yield and nutritive value of Cynodon. An area of 7.0 m by 5.5 m was used for a two year study (2013 and 2014). The treatments were harvest of Cynodon at 24 (T1), 12 (T2) and 6 (T3) weeks intervals. The Randomised Complete Block Design was used with four replicates per treatment. Dry matter yield and plant cell wall constituents viz. NDF, ADF and Cellulose contents decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the order T3<T2<T1, indicating that DM yield and plant cell wall constituents decreased with increasing harvest frequency. Crude protein content (CP) decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the order T1<T2<T3, indicating that CP content increased with increasing harvest frequency. The study has shown that repeated harvest of Cynodon provided lower DM yield of better quality, with harvest at six weeks interval exceeding the minimum CP level required for adequate intake and digestibility by ruminant livestock. © 2015, Ecological Laboratory. All rights reserved.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864994968	The performance and egg quality traits of Nigerian local hens fed varying dietary levels of palm kernel cake with added palm oil	Afolabi K.D., Akinsoyinu A.O., Omojola A.B., Abu O.A.	2012	Journal of Applied Poultry Research	21	3	http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/japr.2011-00493	Livestock Unit, Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria, Iyanomo, Benin City, Nigeria; Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Afolabi, K.D., Livestock Unit, Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria, Iyanomo, Benin City, Nigeria; Akinsoyinu, A.O., Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Omojola, A.B., Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Abu, O.A., Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	A total of 120 local hens at the point of lay were randomly assigned, 2 per cage, with 10 replicates per diet in a completely randomized design, to 6 palm kernel cake (PKC)-based layer diets that contained 20% CP and 2,700 kcal of ME/kg of feed. The PKC was included at levels of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% in diets 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively. Diet 1 without PKC served as the control. To make the diets isocaloric, 0.5, 1.48, 3.35, 5.22, 7.11, and 8.98% palm oil was added to diets 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively. Feed and water were offered ad libitum for 12 wk. The hen-day production (53.8 to 63.3%) peaked at dietary PKC levels of 20 to 40%. Feed conversion ratio was also the lowest in hens fed the 20 to 40% PKC-based diets, but it was poorer than the control diet for those fed 50% PKC. The least hen-day production was obtained for birds on the 50% PKC-based diet. The albumen height (3.16 to 3.73 mm) was highest for eggs laid by hens fed the control and 10% PKC diets. The egg yolk indexes obtained for hens fed 0 to 10% dietary PKC (0.2) were significantly higher than those obtained for hens fed 20 to 50% PKC (0.13 to 0.15). The yolk color score increased significantly (P < 0.05) across the diets (from 1.0 to 5.9) as the level of palm oil increased. The egg weight, egg circumference, eggshell thickness, egg shape index, and weights of the albumen and yolk were similar across diets. Feeding up to 40% PKC with added palm oil had no adverse effect on the performance of Nigerian local hens and the quality of their eggs. ©2012 Poultry Science Association, Inc.	Egg quality; Local hen; Palm kernel cake; Palm oil; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84889866565	The relationship between employee satisfaction and organisational performance: Evidence from a South African government department	Mafini C., Pooe D.R.I.	2013	SA Journal of Industrial Psychology	39	1	10.4102/sajip.v39i1.1090	Logistics Department, Vaal University of Technology, South Africa	Mafini, C., Logistics Department, Vaal University of Technology, South Africa; Pooe, D.R.I., Logistics Department, Vaal University of Technology, South Africa	Orientation: There appears to be a dearth of literature that addresses the relationship between employee satisfaction and organisational performance in South African public organisations. Motivation for the study: This study attempted to contribute to the discourse on the influence of human resources to organisational performance. Research purpose: The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between employee satisfaction and organisational performance in a public sector organisation. Research design: A three-section survey questionnaire was used to collect data from a conveniently recruited sample of 272 members of a South African government department. Pearson's correlation test as well as a regression analysis were employed to test the existence of a relationship between employee satisfaction and organisational performance. The mean score ranking technique was used to compare the impact of the individual employee satisfaction factors on organisational performance. Main findings: Positive correlations were observed between organisational performance and all five employee satisfaction factors, namely working conditions, ability utilisation, creativity, teamwork and autonomy. Amongst the five factors, teamwork had the greatest impact on organisational performance, followed by ability utilisation, creativity, autonomy, with working conditions exerting the least influence. Practical and/or managerial implications: Strategic interventions involving positive adjustments on the five employee satisfaction dimensions examined in this study may be initiated and applied to improve overall organisational performance in public organisations. Contributions and/or value add: The study endorses the notion that a satisfied workforce could be the key to enhanced organisational performance. © 2013. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894064446	Improvements of simulated Western North Atlantic current system and impacts on the AMOC	Talandier C., Deshayes J., Treguier A.-M., Capet X., Benshila R., Debreu L., Dussin R., Molines J.-M., Madec G.	2014	Ocean Modelling	76	None	10.1016/j.ocemod.2013.12.007	LPO, CNRS-IFREMER-IRD-UBO, Plouzané, France; LOCEAN-IPSL, CNRS-UPMC-IRD-MNHN, Paris, France; LJK, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France; LGGE, CNRS-UJF, Grenoble, France; OMFG, NOC, Southampton, United Kingdom; ICEMASA, University of Cape Town, South Africa	Talandier, C., LPO, CNRS-IFREMER-IRD-UBO, Plouzané, France; Deshayes, J., LPO, CNRS-IFREMER-IRD-UBO, Plouzané, France, ICEMASA, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Treguier, A.-M., LPO, CNRS-IFREMER-IRD-UBO, Plouzané, France; Capet, X., LOCEAN-IPSL, CNRS-UPMC-IRD-MNHN, Paris, France; Benshila, R., LOCEAN-IPSL, CNRS-UPMC-IRD-MNHN, Paris, France; Debreu, L., LJK, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France; Dussin, R., LGGE, CNRS-UJF, Grenoble, France; Molines, J.-M., LGGE, CNRS-UJF, Grenoble, France; Madec, G., LOCEAN-IPSL, CNRS-UPMC-IRD-MNHN, Paris, France, OMFG, NOC, Southampton, United Kingdom	Previous studies have shown that low horizontal resolution (of the order of 1°) ocean models, hence climate models, are not able to adequately represent boundary currents nor mesoscale processes which affect the dynamics and thermohaline circulation of the ocean. While the effect of mesoscale eddies can be parameterized in low resolution models, boundary currents require relatively high horizontal resolution. We clarify the impact of increasing the resolution on the North Atlantic circulation, with emphasis on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), by embedding a 1/8° nest covering the North Atlantic into a global 1/2° model. Increasing the resolution in the nest leads to regional improvements of the circulation and thermohaline properties in the Gulf Stream area, for the North Atlantic Current, in the subpolar gyre and the Nordic Seas, consistent with those of previous studies. In addition, we show that the Deep Western Boundary Current dense water transport increases with the nest, from the overflows down to Flemish Cap, due to an increase in the Denmark Strait overflow as well as dense water formation in the subpolar gyre. This increases the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in density space by about 8. Sv in the subpolar gyre in the nested configuration. When exiting the Labrador Sea around 53°N we illustrate that the Deep Western Boundary Current successively interacts with the upper ocean circulation composed with the North Atlantic Current in the intergyre region, the Northern Recirculation Gyre, and the Gulf Stream near Cape Hatteras. This surface/deep current interaction seems to induce an increase of the AMOC intensity in depth-space, giving rise to an AMOC maximum near 35°N. This process is missing in the configuration without nesting. At 26.5°N, the AMOC is 4. Sv larger in the nested configuration and is in good agreement with observations. Finally, beyond the nest imprint (i.e. in the low resolution area) in the South Atlantic the AMOC maximum at 40°S is 3. Sv larger at the end of the simulation meaning that information is able to propagate outside the nest without being fully damped. This underlines the benefit of using the nest for a reasonable computing time compared to a fully global higher resolution configuration. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.	Atlantic meridional overturning circulation; Deep western boundary current; Gulf stream; North atlantic current; Subpolar gyre	None	None
None	None	Tests of bednet traps (Mbita traps) for monitoring mosquito populations and time of biting in Tanzania and possible impact of prolonged insecticide treated net use	Braimah N., Drakeley C., Kweka E., Mosha F., Helinski M., Pates H., Maxwell C., Massawe T., Kenward M.G., Curtis C.	2005	International Journal of Tropical Insect Science	25	3	10.1079/IJT200576	London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom; NIMR Ubwari Field Station, Box 81, Muheza, Tanga, Tanzania; Joint Malaria Programme, Box 2228, Moshi, Tanzania	Braimah, N., London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom, NIMR Ubwari Field Station, Box 81, Muheza, Tanga, Tanzania; Drakeley, C., London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom, Joint Malaria Programme, Box 2228, Moshi, Tanzania; Kweka, E., Joint Malaria Programme, Box 2228, Moshi, Tanzania; Mosha, F., Joint Malaria Programme, Box 2228, Moshi, Tanzania; Helinski, M., NIMR Ubwari Field Station, Box 81, Muheza, Tanga, Tanzania; Pates, H., London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom, NIMR Ubwari Field Station, Box 81, Muheza, Tanga, Tanzania; Maxwell, C., London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom, NIMR Ubwari Field Station, Box 81, Muheza, Tanga, Tanzania; Massawe, T., NIMR Ubwari Field Station, Box 81, Muheza, Tanga, Tanzania; Kenward, M.G., London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom; Curtis, C., London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom	Mosquito traps known as Mbita traps made from modified bednets according to a design developed in Kenya were compared with Centers for Disease Control (CDC) light traps for their ability to catch anopheline and culicine mosquitoes in several different villages in northern Tanzania. The results confirmed those recently reported in Kenya, that Mbita traps catch significantly fewer mosquitoes than CDC traps. Statistical analysis using a Poisson log linear model with random effects for the trap counts showed that the ratio of the catches with the two types of trap was not consistent in the different villages. Thus, we doubt whether the Mbita trap would be a reliable substitute for CDC traps. In one trial, the catches made at different hours of the night with the two types of trap indicated that in villages where insecticide treated nets (ITNs) had been used for some years, somewhat more of the Anopheles biting occurred early and late in the night, whereas in villages with no history of ITN use, biting was concentrated in the middle of the night. This suggests that behavioural adaptation to avoid contact with ITNs may be beginning to evolve. © ICIPE 2005.	CDC light trap; Insecticide treated nets; Mbita trap; Mosquito traps; Tanzania; Time of mosquito biting	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84929614187	Use of electromagnetic non-destructive techniques for monitoring water and chloride ingress into concrete	Villain G., Ihamouten A., Du Plooy R., Palma Lopes S., Dérobert X.	2015	Near Surface Geophysics	13	3	10.3997/1873-0604.2015016	LUNAM Université de Nantes Angers Le Mans, IFSTTAR Centre de Nantes, CS4, Bouguenais, France; CEREMA, DLRCA, Techniques Physiques Avancées, ERA17, Angers, France; AURECON, Aurecon Center Lynnwood Bridge Office, Tshwane (Pretoria), South Africa	Villain, G., LUNAM Université de Nantes Angers Le Mans, IFSTTAR Centre de Nantes, CS4, Bouguenais, France; Ihamouten, A., CEREMA, DLRCA, Techniques Physiques Avancées, ERA17, Angers, France; Du Plooy, R., LUNAM Université de Nantes Angers Le Mans, IFSTTAR Centre de Nantes, CS4, Bouguenais, France, AURECON, Aurecon Center Lynnwood Bridge Office, Tshwane (Pretoria), South Africa; Palma Lopes, S., LUNAM Université de Nantes Angers Le Mans, IFSTTAR Centre de Nantes, CS4, Bouguenais, France; Dérobert, X., LUNAM Université de Nantes Angers Le Mans, IFSTTAR Centre de Nantes, CS4, Bouguenais, France	This paper deals with the use of three electromagnetic non-destructive in situ techniques to assess concrete conditions: electrical resistivity, capacimetry, and ground-penetrating radar. It shows the potential of these methods to monitor the ingress of water and chlorides into concrete. The electromagnetic properties that are studied here are dielectric permittivity and electrical resistivity, both sensitive to volumetric water content and chloride content. Results are presented from an experimental study conducted on concrete slabs (and corresponding core cylinders) in a controlled laboratory environment. Then, the discussion is focused on the ability of three electromagnetic techniques to assess the depth of the ingress front of different salt solutions and to discern between the 3 NaCl concentrations (0, 15 and 30 g/L). © 2015 European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84965082032	Modelling the impact and cost-effectiveness of combination prevention amongst HIV serodiscordant couples in Nigeria	Mitchell K.M., Lépine A., Terris-Prestholt F., Torpey K., Khamofu H., Folayan M.O., Musa J., Anenih J., Sagay A.S., Alhassan E., Idoko J., Vickerman P.	2015	AIDS	29	15	10.1097/QAD.0000000000000798	London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Family Health International, Abuja, Nigeria; Obafemi Awolowo University, New HIV Vaccine and Microbicide Advocacy Society, Lagos, Nigeria; University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria; National Ag	Mitchell, K.M., London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom; Lépine, A., London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Terris-Prestholt, F., London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Torpey, K., Family Health International, Abuja, Nigeria; Khamofu, H., Family Health International, Abuja, Nigeria; Folayan, M.O., Obafemi Awolowo University, New HIV Vaccine and Microbicide Advocacy Society, Lagos, Nigeria; Musa, J., University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria; Anenih, J., National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Abuja, Nigeria; Sagay, A.S., University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria; Alhassan, E., National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Abuja, Nigeria; Idoko, J., National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Abuja, Nigeria; Vickerman, P., University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom	Objective: To estimate the impact and cost-effectiveness of treatment as prevention (TasP), pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and condom promotion for serodiscordant couples in Nigeria. Design: Mathematical and cost modelling. Methods: A deterministic model of HIV-1 transmission within a cohort of serodiscordant couples and to/from external partners was parameterized using data from Nigeria and other African settings. The impact and cost-effectiveness were estimated for condom promotion, PrEP and/or TasP, compared with a baseline where antiretroviral therapy (ART) was offered according to 2010 national guidelines (CD4+ &lt;350cells/μl) to all HIV-positive partners. The impact was additionally compared with a baseline of current ART coverage (35% of those with CD4+ &lt;350cells/μl). Full costs (in US $2012) of programme introduction and implementation were estimated from a provider perspective. Results: Substantial benefits came from scaling up ART to all HIV-positive partners according to 2010 national guidelines, with additional smaller benefits of providing TasP, PrEP or condom promotion. Compared with a baseline of offering ART to all HIV-positive partners at the 2010 national guidelines, condom promotion was the most cost-effective strategy [US $1206/disability-adjusted-life-year (DALY)], the next most cost-effective intervention was to additionally give TasP to HIV-positive partners (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio US $1607/DALY), followed by additionally giving PrEP to HIV-negative partners until their HIV-positive partners initiate ART (US $7870/DALY). When impact was measured in terms of infections averted, PrEP with condom promotion prevented double the number of infections as condom promotion alone. Conclusions: The first priority intervention for serodiscordant couples in Nigeria should be scaled up ART access for HIV-positive partners. Subsequent incremental benefits are greatest with condom promotion and TasP, followed by PrEP. © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.	antiretroviral therapy; condom; disability-adjusted life years; mathematical models; pre-exposure prophylaxis; treatment as prevention	None	None
WoS	WOS:000208555600001	Impact of Floods on Livelihoods and Vulnerability of Natural Resource Dependent Communities in Northern Ghana	Afrifa, Ernest K. A.,Armah, Frederick A.,Odoi, Justice O.,Yawson, David O.,Yengoh, Genesis T.	2010	WATER	2	2	10.3390/w2020120	Lund University, University of Cape Coast, Ghana Nat Today	"Afrifa, Ernest K. A.: University of Cape Coast","Armah, Frederick A.: University of Cape Coast","Yawson, David O.: University of Cape Coast","Yengoh, Genesis T.: Lund University",	Sub-Sahara Africa is considered to be most vulnerable to climate variability including flooding. The frequency and severity of floods in Northern Ghana over the last decade has increased considerably. Through qualitative modelling the paper explores the impact of floods on natural resource dependent communities in Northern Ghana. Simplified causal loop diagrams are used to conceptualise flood-induced coping strategies in the study area. The results indicate that some characteristics of the socio-cultural environment appear to mitigate risk and reduce vulnerability. In this context, the role of social networks in enhancing livelihood security is essential. The paper concludes that both in case of seasonal variations in agricultural output and floods, individuals that have effectively diversified their livelihoods, both occupationally and geographically, are less sensitive than individuals who mainly achieve entitlement to food via crop cultivation. However, diversification in this case, is effective only in the short term.	COMMUNITIES,ENVIRONMENT,FLOODS,livelihoods,"Northern Ghana",VULNERABILITY	None	None
WoS	WOS:000240696300003	Process evaluation of the teacher training for an AIDS prevention programme	Ahmed, Nazeema,Flisher, Alan J.,Jansen, Shahieda,Mathews, Catherine,Mukoma, Wanjiru,Schaalma, Herman	2006	HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH	21	5	10.1093/her/cyl031	Maastricht University, South African Medical Research Council, University of Cape Town	None	This paper provides a process evaluation of a 6-day teacher training programme which forms part of a sexuality education project. The training aimed at providing teachers with the necessary knowledge and skills to effectively teach a 16-lesson Grade 8 (14 year olds) life skills curriculum consisting of participatory exercises on sexual reproductive health, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), sexual decision-making, abstinence, consequences of sexual activity, safe sex practices, substance abuse and sexual violence. Questionnaires administered prior to the training, on completion of the training and at two follow-up time periods were analysed as well as participant observation notes. Findings indicate that teachers reported increased confidence and comfort in teaching the sexuality curriculum. However, many struggled with the transfer of sexual reproductive knowledge and facilitative teaching methods into the classroom context. This highlights the need for HIV education to form part of teacher trainee programmes. Ongoing support and engagement with teachers is needed to encourage alternative teaching practices.	,CURRICULUM,DIFFUSION,HEALTH,"HIGH-SCHOOL TEACHERS","HIV PREVENTION",IMPLEMENTATION,INTERVENTION,"SEX-EDUCATION PROGRAM","SEXUALITY EDUCATION",SOUTH-AFRICA	None	None
WoS	WOS:000267828800005	Process evaluation of a school-based HIV/AIDS intervention in South Africa	Ahmed, Nazeema,Flisher, Alan J.,Jansen, Shahieda,Klepp, Knut-Inge,Mathews, Catherine,Mukoma, Wanjiru,Schaalma, Herman	2009	SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH	37	None	10.1177/1403494808090631	Maastricht University, University of Cape Town, University of Oslo	None	Aims: This paper presents a process evaluation that assessed the fidelity and quality of implementation, as well as the acceptability and subjective evaluations of a HIV/AIDS intervention among students and teachers. Methods: The process evaluation was conducted as part of a cluster randomized controlled trial of a theory- and evidence-based school HIV/AIDS intervention in Cape Town. The intervention was designed for grade 8 high school students and delivered by teachers over a six-month period. Twenty-six schools participated in the trial, 13 in the intervention group and 13 in the control group. Results: The success of implementation was varied within and across the schools, with some teachers implementing the intervention with more fidelity than others. This was influenced by a combination of individual characteristics and institutional factors. The factors that aided implementation included compliance with the current outcomes-based education approach; provision of teacher training; provision of teacher manuals with detailed information and instructions about the lessons and activities; continued monitoring and support for teachers; and student enthusiasm for the lessons. Proper implementation was hindered by large class sizes; too many activities in the intervention; teacher resistance to and inexperience in using participatory methods; teacher turnover; the low status of life orientation compared to other subjects; and a general disregard for life orientation among students. Conclusions: These findings are important for improving the intervention and contextualizing the results of the outcome evaluation; and to better plan for further large scale dissemination of school-based HIV/AIDS intervention programmes.	ADOLESCENTS,HIV/AIDS,"process evaluation",SCHOOL,"SOUTH AFRICA","AIDS EDUCATION","DELIVERED SEX-EDUCATION",HEALTH,"HIV PREVENTION",IMPLEMENTATION,PROGRAM,TEACHERS,YOUTH	None	None
WoS	WOS:000334459100073	International health research monitoring: exploring a scientific and a cooperative approach using participatory action research	Ashley, Elizabeth,Ayuo, Elizabeth,Chantler, Tracey,Cheah, Phaik Yeong,Guerin, Philippe J.,Hantrakum, Viriya,Kaleebu, Pontiano,Kidola, Jeremiah,Kivaya, Esther,Lang, Trudie,Miiro, George,Nanvubya, Annet,Njuguna, Patricia,Parker, Michael	2014	BMJ OPEN	4	2	10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004104	Mahidol University, Uganda Virus Research Institute, University of Oxford, Ctr Geog Med Res Coast CGMRC, Ctr Global Hlth Res	"Hantrakum, Viriya: Mahidol University",	Objectives To evaluate and determine the value of monitoring models developed by the Mahidol Oxford Tropical Research Unit and the East African Consortium for Clinical Research, consider how this can be measured and explore monitors' and investigators' experiences of and views about the nature, purpose and practice of monitoring. Research design A case study approach was used within the context of participatory action research because one of the aims was to guide and improve practice. 34 interviews, five focus groups and observations of monitoring practice were conducted. Setting and participants Fieldwork occurred in the places where the monitoring models are coordinated and applied in Thailand, Cambodia, Uganda and Kenya. Participants included those coordinating the monitoring schemes, monitors, senior investigators and research staff. Analysis Transcribed textual data from field notes, interviews and focus groups was imported into a qualitative data software program (NVIVO V. 10) and analysed inductively and thematically by a qualitative researcher. The initial coding framework was reviewed internally and two main categories emerged from the subsequent interrogation of the data. Results The categories that were identified related to the conceptual framing and nature of monitoring, and the practice of monitoring, including relational factors. Particular emphasis was given to the value of a scientific and cooperative style of monitoring as a means of enhancing data quality, trust and transparency. In terms of practice the primary purpose of monitoring was defined as improving the conduct of health research and increasing the capacity of researchers and trial sites. Conclusions The models studied utilise internal and network wide expertise to improve the ethics and quality of clinical research. They demonstrate how monitoring can be a scientific and constructive exercise rather than a threatening process. The value of cooperative relations needs to be given more emphasis in monitoring activities, which seek to ensure that research protects human rights and produces reliable data.	"MEDICAL ETHICS","QUALITATIVE RESEARCH","Statistics &amp; Research Methods","TROPICAL MEDICINE",CLINICAL-RESEARCH,CONDUCT,"DATA QUALITY",RANDOMIZED-TRIALS	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79957479196	The impact of college entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial attitudes and intention to start a business in Uganda	Byabashaija W., Katono I.	2011	Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship	16	1	10.1142/S1084946711001768	Makerere University Business School, P. O. Box 1337, Kampala, Uganda; Uganda Christian University, P. O. Box 4, Mukono, Uganda	Byabashaija, W., Makerere University Business School, P. O. Box 1337, Kampala, Uganda; Katono, I., Uganda Christian University, P. O. Box 4, Mukono, Uganda	This paper reports results of a longitudinal quasi-experimental study that focused on the impact of entrepreneurial education and societal subjective norms on entrepreneurial attitudes and intentions of university students in Uganda to start a business. Data were collected in two waves: wave one before the entrepreneurship course and wave two after the entrepreneurship course four months later. The sample composed of college students. Analyses included tests of significance of changes in the attitudes and intentions of students after the entrepreneurship course, the mediating role of attitudes and moderating role of employment expectations. The results show small but significant changes in attitudes and a significant mediating role of attitudes perceived feasibility, perceived desirability and self-efficacy, but non-significant moderating influence of employment expectations. The findings offer lessons for policy makers and more questions for researchers. © World Scientific Publishing Company.	entrepreneurial attitudes; Entrepreneurial intentions; social subjective norms	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-35148813105	Of pacts, trickster ethos, and impact: A reading of Ahmadou Kourouma's les Soleils des indpendances	Asaah A.H.	2007	Journal of Black Studies	38	2	10.1177/0021934705285568	University of Ghana, Ghana	Asaah, A.H., University of Ghana, Ghana	The article seeks to use the pact factor to interpret Kourouma's ground-breaking novel, Les Soleils des indpendances. The sinister figure of the predatory trickster is discernible in the profiles of the crafty man of religion and the wily dictator, both using myths of legitimization to enhance the success of their pacts with others. A pattern of deceit can also be observed in various societal compacts. In the author's use of language, storytelling techniques, and rapport with the reader, however, he arrives at a happy mean between conflicting exigencies. © 2007 Sage Publications.	Impact; Kourouma; Pact; Politician; Reader; Trickster	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84906685694	Does education mitigate the adverse impact of bridewealth on women's reproductive autonomy?	Dodoo F.N.-A., Horne C., Biney A.	2014	Genus	70	1	None	University of Ghana, Ghana; Pennsylvania State University, United States; Washington State University, United States	Dodoo, F.N.-A., University of Ghana, Ghana, Pennsylvania State University, United States; Horne, C., Washington State University, United States; Biney, A., University of Ghana, Ghana	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939131874	Managerial practices and factors influencing reproductive performance of dairy cows in urban/peri-urban areas of Kampala and Gulu, Uganda	Benon K.M., Owiny D.O., Båge R., Nassuna-Musoke M.G., Humblot P., Magnusson U.	2015	Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica	57	1	10.1186/s13028-015-0122-2	Makerere University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Reproduction, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, P.O. Box 7054, Uppsala, Sweden	Benon, K.M., Makerere University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; Owiny, D.O., Makerere University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; Båge, R., Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Reproduction, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, P.O. Box 7054, Uppsala, Sweden; Nassuna-Musoke, M.G., Makerere University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; Humblot, P., Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Reproduction, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, P.O. Box 7054, Uppsala, Sweden; Magnusson, U., Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Reproduction, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, P.O. Box 7054, Uppsala, Sweden	Background: Urban/peri-urban dairy production and sales has evolved as an adjustment to cope with food security and economic needs for urban dwellers in low-income countries and created an opportunity to transform from subsistence rural lifestyles of dairy farming to commercial engagement in towns. However, urban/peri-urban dairy farms differ in challenges from rural dairy farms and reproduction is important and critical for assuring sustainable economic output in both environments. Here we recorded for the first time differences between two geographically and economically different cities corresponding to different settings within the same country in managerial factors influencing reproductive performance in urban/peri-urban dairy cowherds. Results: The urban/peri-urban dairy farmers in the capital Kampala were more often male (P = 0.002) and commercialized (P = 0.0025), more experienced (P = 0.0001) and practiced zero-grazing more often (P = 0.05) than in the regional municipality Gulu. Also, the milk production per herd and cow (P = 0.0005) and calving rate were (P = 0.0001) higher in Kampala and artificial insemination was more commonly (P = 0.002) used than in Gulu. There was no difference in abortion nor neonatal mortality rate between the two locations. Overall, calving rates were higher (P = 0.0003) in smaller (≤3 dairy cows) and open grazing (P = 0.003) herds. Abortion rates were higher among dairy herds practicing late (≥5 months) (P = 0.003) calf weaning and in herds with commercial purposes (P = 0.0001). Neonatal calf mortality was lower (P = 0.01) in small herds. Conclusion: The study showed significant differences between Kampala and Gulu in reproductive performance and related husbandry factors for cows in the urban/peri-urban dairy farming systems. For several reproductive performance traits we found associations with husbandry and production traits, which should be taken into account when providing advice to the urban and peri-urban dairy farmers in the tropics. © 2015 Benon et al.	Bovine; Dairy cow; Milk production; Reproductive performance; Tropics; Uganda; Urban peri-urban farming	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84905040909	Impact of the new legal deposit system on National Bibliographic Control in Uganda: Developments, practices, and challenges	Matovu J., Musoke W.	2012	Library Philosophy and Practice	2012	APR	None	Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda	Matovu, J., Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Musoke, W., Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34250661060	Integrated 3-D model from gravity and petrophysical data at the Bosumtwi impact structure, Ghana	Ugalde H., Danuor S.K., Milkereit B.	2007	Meteoritics and Planetary Science	42	42465	None	McMaster Applied Geophysics and Geological Imaging Consortium, School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 Saint George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada; Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Ugalde, H., McMaster Applied Geophysics and Geological Imaging Consortium, School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 Saint George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada; Danuor, S.K., Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Milkereit, B., Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 Saint George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada	The Bosumtwi impact structure of central Ghana was drilled in 2004 as part of the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP). A vast amount of geoscience data is available from the pre-site surveys and the actual drilling phase. A 3-D gravity model was constructed and calibrated with the available data from the two ICDP boreholes, LB-07A and LB-08A. The 3-D gravity model results agree well with both the sediment thickness and size of the central uplift revealed by previously collected seismic data, and with the petrophysical data from the LB-08A and LB-07A core materials and the two borehole logs. Furthermore, the model exhibits lateral density variations across the structure and refines the results from previous 2.5-D modeling. An important new element of the 3-D model is that the thickness of the intervals comprising polymict lithic impact breccia and suevite, monomict lithic breccia and fractured basement is much smaller than that predicted by numerical modeling. © The Meteoritical Society, 2007. Printed in USA.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000272533500003	The Impact of the African Youth Alliance Program on the Sexual Behavior of Young People in Uganda	Ali, Disha,Colvin, Charlotte E.,Karim, Ali Mehryar,Patykewich, Leslie,Posner, Jessica,Rutaremwa, Gideon,Williams, Timothy	2009	STUDIES IN FAMILY PLANNING	40	4	None	Makerere University, PATH	"Rutaremwa, Gideon: Makerere University",	This study evaluates the impact of the African Youth Alliance (AYA) program on the sexual behavior of young people aged 17-22 in Uganda. Between 2000 and 2005, the comprehensive multicomponent AYA program implemented behavior-change communication and youth-friendly clinical services, and it coordinated policy and advocacy. The program provided institutional capacity building and established coordination mechanisms between agencies that implemented programs for young people. The analysis of findings from both a self-reported exposure design and a static group comparison design indicated that AYA had a positive impact on sexual behavior among young females but not among young males. AYA-exposed girls were at least 13 percentage points more likely to report having used a condom at last sex, at least 10 percentage points more likely to report that they had consistently used condoms with their current partner, at least 10 percentage points more likely to have used contraceptives at last sex, and 13 percentage points more likely to have had fewer sex partners during the past 12 months, compared with girls who were not exposed to the AYA program. Scaling up the AYA program in Uganda could, therefore, be expected to improve significantly the sexual and reproductive health of young women. Effective strategies for promoting safer sexual behaviors among boys and young men must be identified, however.	,"ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT",CAUSAL,COMMUNICATION,"CONTRACEPTIVE USE","HIV-1 PREVALENCE",PROMOTION,"PROPENSITY SCORE","PROTECTIVE FACTORS","REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH-RISK",TANZANIA	None	None
None	None	Evaluating the impact of community-based interventions on schooling outcomes among orphans and vulnerable children in lusaka, Zambia	Chatterji M., Hutchinson P., Buek K., Murray N., Mulenga Y., Ventimiglia T.	2010	Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies	5	2	10.1080/17450121003615351	Mathematica Policy Research, 600 Maryland Avenue SW, Suite 550, Washington, DC, United States; Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, United States; Valid International, Lusaka, Zambia; Family Health International, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Chatterji, M., Mathematica Policy Research, 600 Maryland Avenue SW, Suite 550, Washington, DC, United States; Hutchinson, P., Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, United States; Buek, K., Mathematica Policy Research, 600 Maryland Avenue SW, Suite 550, Washington, DC, United States; Murray, N., Mathematica Policy Research, 600 Maryland Avenue SW, Suite 550, Washington, DC, United States; Mulenga, Y., Valid International, Lusaka, Zambia; Ventimiglia, T., Family Health International, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	In sub-Saharan Africa, an estimated 12 million children under the age of 18 have lost a parent to acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Despite this situation, the evidence regarding effectiveness of interventions targeting these children remains scant. This article contributes to the literature by evaluating the impact of a community-based program implemented by a Zambian non-governmental organization on educational outcomes among orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) in Lusaka, Zambia. These outcomes included school enrollment and being at the correct age-for-grade. Our study design included two rounds of post-intervention data collection in 2003 and 2006; 2302 children aged 6-19 years were interviewed in 2003, and 3105 children aged 8-22 years were interviewed in 2006. We used a subsample of 2922 OVC aged 8-19 years. The effectiveness of Bwafwano was evaluated first using the individual cross-sectional samples and then using a difference-in-differences model on the pooled sample. Both cross-sectional analyses found positive and statistically significant effects of the intervention on school enrollment, with marginal effects of 0.104 and 0.168, respectively. The difference-in-differences estimates for school enrollment were positive, but small and not statistically significant. For the estimations of the effects of Bwafwano on the outcome of appropriate age-for-grade, only the difference-in-differences models showed positive program effect, with participation in the program being associated with a 15.7% increase in appropriate age-for-grade for intervention children relative to control children. This study suggests that the Bwafwano program is a promising approach to improving educational outcomes among OVC in urban Zambia. © 2010 Taylor & Francis.	Educational outcomes; HIV and AIDS; Impact evaluation; Orphans and vulnerable children; Zambia	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84863861090	In-vivo antimalarial and toxicological evaluation of Chrozophora senegalensis A. Juss (euphorbiaceae) extracts	Jigam A.A., Abdulrazaq U.T., Egbuta M.N.	2011	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	1	10	None	Malaria and Trypanosomiasis Research Unit, Department of Biohemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria	Jigam, A.A., Malaria and Trypanosomiasis Research Unit, Department of Biohemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; Abdulrazaq, U.T., Malaria and Trypanosomiasis Research Unit, Department of Biohemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; Egbuta, M.N., Malaria and Trypanosomiasis Research Unit, Department of Biohemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria	The antiplasmodial, analgesic, antiinflammatory and chronic dose effects of methanolic extract of Chrozophora senegalenesis A. Juss were studied in mice. Plasmodium berghei (NK 65 chloroquine sensitive strain) was inoculated into eighteen mice assigned to 3 groups of 6 mice each . Group I was treated with 75mg/kg bw C. Senegalensis, group II with 5mg/kg bw chloroquine phosphate (standard) and group III with 20ml/kg bw normal saline (Control). Anagelsia and antiinflammation were analysed by the Acetic acid induced abdominal constriction in mice and egg albumin induced paw oedema in rats respectively. Another set of 40 mice were divided into two groups of twenty each (test and control) and some serum parameters studied. The test animals were gavaged with extract while controls were given normal saline over a period of 5 weeks. C. senegalensis suppressed parasitemia in mice by 51.80%, had 37.05% anagelsia, and 60.92% anti-inflammatory activity. Body weights, packed cell volume and serum triacylglycerides significantly (p<0.05) decreased in mice given C. senegalensis while serum glucose, Aspartate amino transferase (AST), Alanine amino Transferase (ALT) and Alkaline phosphase (ALP) increased significantly (p<0.05) in the test mice over the study period. In conclusion, C.senegalensis is effective in the management of malaria but long term consumption can predispose to adverse physiological effects.	Analgesia; Antiinflammation; Chrozophora senegalensis; Physiological; Plasmodium berghei; Serum	None	None
WoS	WOS:000303523600010	Gender Impacts of Agricultural Liberalization: Evidence from Ghana	Ackah, Charles,BUSSOLO, M,DeHoyos, RE,Lay, Jann	2009	GENDER ASPECTS OF THE TRADE AND POVERTY NEXUS: A MACRO-MICRO APPROACH	None	None	None	University of Ghana, Kiel Inst World Econ	"Ackah, Charles: University of Ghana",	None	,EXPENDITURE,"MENS CROPS",PATTERNS,TRANSITION,"WOMENS CROPS"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78049292361	History of phosphorus fertilizer usage and its impact on the agronomic phosphorus status of sugarcane soils in Mauritius	Mardamootoo T., Ng Kee Kwong K.F., Du Preez C.C.	2010	Sugar Tech	12	2	10.1007/s12355-010-0019-3	Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute, Réduit, Mauritius; Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Mardamootoo, T., Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute, Réduit, Mauritius; Ng Kee Kwong, K.F., Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute, Réduit, Mauritius; Du Preez, C.C., Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute, Réduit, Mauritius, Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	The intensive use of phosphorus (P) fertilizers during more than 100 years of sugarcane production in Mauritius is believed to have built up the P status of the soils to excessive levels. Hence there may be a scope for reducing P fertilizer usage in order to lessen production costs in sugarcane cultivation and alleviate its hazard to surface water quality. A review of P fertilizer usage in sugarcane showed that the amount of P fertilizer used by the sugarcane industry rose from 790 tons P 2O 5 (mainly as rock/guano phosphates) in the early 20 th century to a peak of 5 675 tons P 2O 5 in the 1970s before declining thereafter to 3 350 tons P 2O 5 in 2008, mainly in the form of ammonium phosphates. The currently adopted 0.1M H 2SO 4 extraction method was used to assess soil P available in the sugarcane soils. Soil test P data showed that in 2005/2006, 36% of the land still required P fertilization (P &lt; 80 mg kg -1) while approximately 52% had an excess of P (P ≥ 100 mg kg -1). Fields with excessive P belong to all soil groups and can be encountered throughout the island. Less than 15% of the soils had an optimum soil P (80 ≤ P &lt; 100 mg kg -1). With only 31% of the soils having a highly excessive P status (P ≥ 150 mg kg -1), this study indicates the belief that past P fertilization had invariably led to an excessive soil P status in Mauritius is unfounded. Also variation in soil P status as a result of differences in management between small and large planters could also not be discerned. © 2010 Society for Sugar Research &amp; Promotion.	Extractable phosphorus; phosphorus deficiency; phosphorus pollution; sugarcane growers	None	None
None	None	Inverse relationship of financial risk and performance in commercial banks in Tanzania	Amin M.A.M., Sanusi N.A., Kusairi S., Abdallah Z.M.	2014	Investment Management and Financial Innovations	11	4	None	Malaysia; Tanzania	Amin, M.A.M., Malaysia; Sanusi, N.A., Malaysia; Kusairi, S., Malaysia; Abdallah, Z.M., Tanzania	Studies on the financial risks and financial performance of banks are very limited, especially in Tanzania. This study aims to examine the simultaneous influence of the financial risks and financial performance of commercial banks in Tanzania. The financial performance under consideration is return on assets and return on equity, while financial risk is the average of financial risks. The study employs the instrumental variable regression of fixed effect to solve simultaneous equations by two-stage least squares. By using unbalanced panel data of 21 banks from 2003 to 2012, the results show that by applying both ROA and ROE in the performance equation, financial risk is significant. Furthermore, by considering financial performance in the risk equation as endogenous, both ROA and ROE are significant. The implication of this result is that the inverse relation of financial risk and performance cannot be avoided; hence, the commercial banks together with the bank supervisors should make a trade-off between risk and performance. © Mohamad Anuar Md Amin, Nur Azura Sanusi, Suhal Kusairi, Zuhura Mohamed Abdallah, 2014.	Commercial bank; Financial performance and financial risk	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84955251161	Employee turnover rate and organizational performance in South Africa	Rijamampianina R.	2015	Problems and Perspectives in Management	13	4	None	Management Advancement Programmes, Wits Business School, University of Witwatersrand (WITS), South Africa	Rijamampianina, R., Management Advancement Programmes, Wits Business School, University of Witwatersrand (WITS), South Africa	Within the business community, employee turnover is widely assumed to affect organizational performance. Different variations of this relationship have been proposed over the years. This study seeks to confirm if a curvilinear relationship exists between employee turnover rates and organizational performance that could inform an optimal employee turnover rate for organizations in South Africa. To this purpose, a cross-sectional study that collected quantitative data through the use of a self-administered questionnaire was employed. Through multiple linear and nonlinear regression, the results indicate that voluntary employee turnover rate significantly predicted financial and organizational performance through a cubic function. The optimal functional voluntary employee turnover rate for organizations in South Africa was calculated to be between 14 and 19%. © Rasoava Rijamampianina, 2015.	Curvilinear; Employee turnover rate; Optimal; Organizational performance; Voluntary turnover	None	None
WoS	WOS:000317444800005	School feeding and educational access in rural Ghana: Is poor targeting and delivery limiting impact?	Bosumtwi-Sam, Cynthia,Essuman, Ato	2013	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT	33	3	10.1016/j.ijedudev.2012.09.011	Management Consulting & Educ Res	None	In an effort to address social imbalances and equity in Ghana's education delivery and to achieve her Education for All (EFA) agenda, some pro-poor programmes have been introduced. Among these is the Ghana School Feeding Programme (GSFP) that aims among others, at providing safety nets for the poor, increasing school enrolment in addition to boosting domestic food production. While this programme has been implemented since 2005, there is paucity of information on the experiences of beneficiaries and implementers. The GSFP has been designed as a national programme to feed children in public kindergarten and primary schools, based on a single implementation framework. This single implementation framework does not make room for contextualization of programme implementation and allow the tapping into the knowledge base of both the school and the community in making judgments about who is really needy and who is not. Thus, the study sought to explore the experiences of beneficiaries and implementers of the programme within three rural communities in Ghana, using interviews and observations. Challenges of programme delivery, which include prolonged time spent on serving, eating and cleaning up, counter effective teaching and learning and pose a threat to education quality. There are policy conflicts, funding challenges and issues about targeting and sustainability of the programme. These give credence to the need to understand the local dynamics of poverty and how they affect demand for educational access in rural contexts. The paper finally proffers ways in which insights gained from these experiences can contribute to the current discourse on School Feeding Programmes in the context of developing economies. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	"educational access",POVERTY,"school feeding","social safety nets",TARGETING,OUTCOMES,POVERTY	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924287154	Impact of recruitment and selection on organizational productivity. Evidence from staff of a university in South Africa	Kanyemba M., Iwu C.G., Allen-Ile C.O.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	12	2Continued2	None	Management Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa; Department, Entrepreneurship and Business Management, Management Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa; Management Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa	Kanyemba, M., Management Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa; Iwu, C.G., Department, Entrepreneurship and Business Management, Management Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa; Allen-Ile, C.O., Management Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa	The study aimed to understand the recruitment and selection-productivity fit within a tertiary institution in South Africa. Essentially, by examining this relationship, it will be easier to obtain a better understanding of the essential components of recruitment and selection that contribute to the productivity of a tertiary institution. The unit of analysis of this study comprised academic and non-academic staff of the institution. This study adopted a quantitative approach utilising a Likert scale questionnaire to serve as the primary source of data collection. A future study could emphasise the development of a theoretical framework that links specifically to the peculiarities of the tertiary education sector in South Africa. A further study could also unpack how the components of recruitment and selection can be better harnessed to attract the interest of young South Africans to academe. The paper addresses a matter of significance both to HR practice and scholarship. The paper concludes thus: Recruitment and selection processes impact productivity; hence management MUST adopt best practice for these crucial HR functions. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Organizational productivity; Recruitment; Selection; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34250650095	The Lake Bosumtwi meteorite impact structure, Ghana - Where is the magnetic source?	Ugalde H., Morris W.A., Pesonen L.J., Danuor S.K.	2007	Meteoritics and Planetary Science	42	42465	None	McMaster Applied Geophysics and Geological Imaging Consortium, School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; Division of Geophysics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Ugalde, H., McMaster Applied Geophysics and Geological Imaging Consortium, School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; Morris, W.A., McMaster Applied Geophysics and Geological Imaging Consortium, School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; Pesonen, L.J., Division of Geophysics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Danuor, S.K., Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	The Bosumtwi impact structure (Ghana) is a young and well-preserved structure where a vast amount of information is available to constrain any geophysical model. Previous analysis of the airborne magnetic data and results of numerical simulation of impact predicted a strongly magnetic impact-melt body underneath the lake. Recent drilling through the structure did not penetrate such an expected impact-melt rock magnetic source. A new 3-D magnetic model for the structure was constructed based on a newly acquired higher-resolution marine magnetic data set, with consideration of the observed gravity data on the lake, previous seismic models, and the magnetic properties and lithology identified in the two International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) deep boreholes. The new model contains highly magnetic bodies located in the northeast sector of the structure, not centered onto the drilling sites. As in previous models, higher magnetization than that measured in outcropping impactites had to be assigned to the unexposed source bodies. Integration of the new model with the borehole petrophysics and published geology indicates that these bodies likely correspond to an extension to the south of the Kumasi batholith, which outcrops to the northeast of the structure. The possibility that these source bodies are related to the seismically identified central uplift or to an unmapped impact-melt sheet predicted by previous models of the structure is not supported. Detailed magnetic scanning of the Kumasi batholith to the north, and the Bansu intrusion to the south, would provide a test for this interpretation. © The Meteoritical Society, 2007. Printed in USA.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84876482379	Impact of medical students' attitude on referral intention to traditional healers and traditional medicine: A case study	Mammen M., Longo-Mbenza B., Vanzanten M.	2013	Studies on Ethno-Medicine	7	1	None	Mandela Drive, P/Bag X1, Unitra-5117, Mthatha, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa; Walter Sisulu University, Nelson Mandela Drive, P/Bag X1, Unitra-5117, Mthatha, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa; FAIMER (Foundation for Advancement of International Medical Education and Research), South Africa	Mammen, M., Mandela Drive, P/Bag X1, Unitra-5117, Mthatha, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa; Longo-Mbenza, B., Walter Sisulu University, Nelson Mandela Drive, P/Bag X1, Unitra-5117, Mthatha, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa; Vanzanten, M., FAIMER (Foundation for Advancement of International Medical Education and Research), South Africa	Collaboration between traditional healers (TH) and medical doctors is encouraged by the South African Government. The objective of this study was to investigate the frequency and determinants of referral intention of medical students to traditional healers. This cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students from Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha. Socio-demographic factors, ethnicity, beliefs, practices, attitude of students, friends, parents and villagers were the potential explanatory variables in univariate and multivariate analyses. Out of a sample of 98 medical students, only 15% indicated willingness to refer parents and friends to traditional healers. Gender, age, religion, province and district did not influence the referral intention. Positive attitude of friends (p=0.031), of villagers (p=0.047), of students (p=0.004), on consulting traditional healers (p<0.001) and beliefs of students in Traditional Medicine (TM) (p=0.002) were the significant correlates of referral intention. However, after adjusting for confounding factors, only positive attitude of medical students to TM was found to be the significant and independent determinant of referral intention to traditional healers. The data lead to the conclusion that referral intention to TH and TM was very low among medical students. Therefore, intervention for integrative medicine should begin with medical students to develop a positive attitude towards TM, the important and significant determinant of referral intention to TH/TM. If doctors recognize the effectiveness of CAM in the management of some illnesses, the current gap between both medical approaches will get narrowed. © Kamla-Raj 2013.	Alternative medicines. referral intention. integrative medicine. medical curriculum attitude	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901337173	Perceptions of organisational readiness for the performance management system: A case study of a university of technology	Sibongiseni Ngcamu B.	2012	Corporate Board: Role, Duties and Composition	8	3	None	Mangosuthu University of Technology, South Africa	Sibongiseni Ngcamu, B., Mangosuthu University of Technology, South Africa	The absence of a single performance management system (PMS) aligned to institutional strategy and business processes often results in failure to deliver anticipated benefits as it is not cascaded down to all departments, teams or individuals. This study aims to determine employees' expectations for the proposed PMS and their perceptions of the system's impact on effectiveness within the university concerned. This study adopted a quantitative research design and a survey method was used, whereby, a structured questionnaire was administered by the researcher to a selected population size of 150 of which 108 completed questionnaires, generating a response rate of 72%. The study reflects a disproportionately high percentage of 34% of the respondents who disagreed and 21.3% who were undecided as to whether PMS is needed at the university concerned where the majority of these respondents being academics and those with matriculation. The university concerned should develop a PMS which is aligned to the university strategic plan and to other university policies coupled with structured change management interventions focusing on academics and semi-skilled employees.	Academics; Effectiveness; Performance management system; Rewards strategies	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867700972	The inconsistencies on the implementation of performance management system: An employee readiness survey	Ngcamu B.S.	2012	Technics Technologies Education Management	7	3	None	Mangosuthu University of Technology, South Africa	Ngcamu, B.S., Mangosuthu University of Technology, South Africa	The history of the performance management system (PMS) at South African universities is not a success story as it is associated with perceived inconsistencies during the implementation stage. The purpose of this article is to gauge the perceptions of employees on the consistent use of PMS practices at the university concerned, as well as the impediments to implementing the system, with the aim of providing pertinent recommendations to be applied by the universities of technology when implementing the PMS. A quantitative research design was adopted and a survey method was used, whereby questionnaires were administered by the researcher to a population size of 150 from which a sample size of 108 completed questionnaires generating a response rate of 72%. The study findings show a disproportionately high percentage of 14.8% of the respondents who disagreed and 33.3% who were undecided as to whether PMS will be used consistently at the university concerned. The failure of PMS implementation leads to staff non-accountability, non-compliance to agreed standards and resistence to change. This study will hopefully add value to the body of knowledge in South Africa on performance management's perceived inconsistencies during implementation of the system by identifying inclusive strategies to mitigate any challenge.	Consistency; Implementation; Performance management system; Rewards	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84878787617	Modelling the performance of USV manoeuvring and target tracking: An approach using frequency modulated continuous wave radar rotary system	Onunka C., Nnadozie R.C.	2013	SpringerPlus	2	1	10.1186/2193-1801-2-184	Mangosuthu University of Technology, Umlazi, Durban, South Africa	Onunka, C., Mangosuthu University of Technology, Umlazi, Durban, South Africa; Nnadozie, R.C., Mangosuthu University of Technology, Umlazi, Durban, South Africa	The performance of frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar in tracking targets is presented and analysed. Obstacle detection, target tracking and radar target tracking performance models are developed and were used to investigate and to propose ways of improving the autonomous motion of unmanned surface vehicle (USV). Possible factors affecting the performance of FMCW radar in tracking targets are discussed and analysed. © 2013 Onunka and Nnadozie.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70349275730	Firms entrepreneurial orientation and export marketing performance in the Nigerian non-oil sector	Ezirim A.C., Nwokah N.G.	2009	European Journal of Scientific Research	35	3	None	Marketing Department, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Marketing Department, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Ezirim, A.C., Marketing Department, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Nwokah, N.G., Marketing Department, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	The global interest on the assessment of the relationship between the firms' entrepreneurial orientation and their export marketing performance for varied economies is also recognized in Nigeria, but the field has been under-researched in the Nigerian non-oil sector. Upon all the efforts so far by the previous researchers to rescue these firms from their performance problems, the said problems of the sector continue to increase. To this effect, the present study therefore focused on the determination of the extent of the relationship between the stated variables above. A causal and non-contrived, survey research design and paradigm triangulation design study was conducted. Questionnaire data was generated from 205 firms export managers and personal interview was further conducted on 60 of these same export managers as key informants. Our integrated findings revealed that:(1) there was a weak influence of the firms entrepreneurial orientation on their export marketing performance,(2)Export Market knowledge, Export risk and Innovative behaviour indicated weak influence on their growth in sales and negative influence on their growth in profit. Export market knowledge and export risk showed weak influences on growth in marketshare while Innovative behaviour indicated negative influence on growth in marketshare. The study therefore concludes that the relationship between the firms' entrepreneurial orientation and their export marketing performance is weak in the Nigerian non-oil sector. The recommendation is that, there should be immediate call for the change agents like export marketing consultants and managers who can subject these export managers of the sector to seminars, workshops, conferences trade-fairs, trade-missions, etc. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2009.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77950355449	Entrepreneurial orientation and export marketing performance	Ezirim A.C., Maclayton D.W.	2010	International Research Journal of Finance and Economics	38	None	None	Marketing Department, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Marketing Department, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Ezirim, A.C., Marketing Department, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Maclayton, D.W., Marketing Department, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	The recent global heightened interest on the assessment of the relationship between the entrepreneurial orientation and export marketing performance of firms in varied economies also received its pride of place in Nigeria, but the field has been under-researched in the Nigerian non-oil sector. Upon all the efforts so far by the previous researchers to rescue the firms from their export performance problems, the said problems of the sector continued to increase. To this effect, this present study therefore focused on the determination of the extent of the relationship between the stated variables above. A causal, non-contrived, survey research and paradigm triangulation design study was conducted. Questionnaire data was generated from 205 firms export managers and personal interview was further conducted on 60 of these same export managers as key informants.Our integrated findings revealed that:(1)there was a weak influence of the firms entrepreneurial orientation on their export marketing performance, (2) country image abroad showed insignificant influence on the relationship between the firms entrepreneurial orientation and their export marketing performance, (3) Export Market knowledge, Export risk and Innovative behaviour indicated weak influence on the firms growth in sales and negative influence on their growth in profit.Export market knowledge and export risk showed weak influences on growth in marketshare while Innovative behaviour indicated negative influence on growth in marketshare. The study therefore concludes that the relationship between the firms entrepreneurial orientation and their export marketing performance is weak in the Nigerian non-oil sector. The recommendation is that, there should be immediate call for the change agents like export marketing consultants and managers who can subject these export managers of the sector to seminars, workshops, conferences trad-fairs, trademissions, etc. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2010.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78650701286	Effect of investment in human capital development on organisational performance: Empirical examination of the perception of small business owners in Nigeria	Ukenna S., Ijeoma N., Anionwu C., Olise M.C.	2010	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	26	None	Marketing Unit, Department of Business Management, Godfrey Okoye University, Enugu State, Nigeria; Department of Accountancy, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Anambra State, Nigeria; Department of Marketing, Cross River University of Technology, Cross River Sta	Ukenna, S., Marketing Unit, Department of Business Management, Godfrey Okoye University, Enugu State, Nigeria; Ijeoma, N., Department of Accountancy, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Anambra State, Nigeria; Anionwu, C., Department of Marketing, Cross River University of Technology, Cross River State, Nigeria; Olise, M.C., Department of Marketing, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Anambra State, Nigeria	Numerous extant studies linking human capital and organizational performance abound, but few focused on the small scale business context. Thus a study towards determining the nature of relationship between the two construct among small scale enterprise owners is thoughtful. Drawn from literature, four variable measures - skills, education, knowledge, and training - were used to predict and explain the human capital effectiveness construct. Thus, four hypotheses (one for each variable measure) were formulated linking each variable measure to the human capital effectiveness construct. The construct, organizational performance, was divided into two sub-constructs, financial organizational performance and non-financial organizational performance to formulate two additional hypotheses linking each to human capital effectiveness. Twenty-five small scale business owners were purposively selected in Awka metropolis of Nigeria. A structured five-point likert type questionnaire was designed and distributed and a 100% return rate was recorded. ANOVA, t-test, multiple regression analysis, simple regression analysis, and pearson's correlation coefficient were all employed to conduct relevant analyses. While keeping constant other factors that can impact on organizational performance, the study singled out human capital and it was shown that a high intercorelation exist among the four variable measure predictors of human capital effectiveness. A key finding of this study is that, training and skill are stronger predictors of human capital effectiveness over and above knowledge and education. This study, in no small measure, provides penetrating insight for small scale business owners in the area of human resources management. Managerial implications, limitations and opportunity for further research are discussed. © EuroJournals, Inc. 2010.	Education; Financial performance; Human capital effectiveness; Knowledge; Nigeria; Nonfinancial performance; Skill; Small business; Training	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84953291011	Consumer behaviour mutations and their impact on retail development. Evidence from South Africa	Haydam N., Edu T., Negricea I.C., Ionescu A.	2015	Transformations in Business and Economics	14	3	None	Marketing, Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cape Town, Tennant Street, Cape Town, South Africa; Management-Marketing, Romanian-American University, Bdul Expozitiei IB, sector 1, Bucharest, Romania; Commerce, Economic Integration and Business Administration, Romanian-American University, Bdul Expozitie IB, sector 1, Bucharest, Romania	Haydam, N., Marketing, Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cape Town, Tennant Street, Cape Town, South Africa; Edu, T., Management-Marketing, Romanian-American University, Bdul Expozitiei IB, sector 1, Bucharest, Romania; Negricea, I.C., Management-Marketing, Romanian-American University, Bdul Expozitiei IB, sector 1, Bucharest, Romania; Ionescu, A., Commerce, Economic Integration and Business Administration, Romanian-American University, Bdul Expozitie IB, sector 1, Bucharest, Romania	The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate the relationship between the consumer behaviour mutations recorded in the last 18 years in South Africa and the food and non-alcoholic beverage retail development in this country. The authors pursued a comprehensive desk research about the South African retail development, consumption behaviour mutations and cool drink consumption. A direct research was executed among 100 young Black educated South Africans to determine the consumer behaviour dimensions for cool drinks and correlations with demographic and offer-related variables. The findings show that the variables under study are interconnected, influencing each other, rendering a better informed and educated individual. The practical implications of the study reside in the fact that consumption patterns, economic and social changes and influences are of interest to the scientific world, the South African Government, NGOs, domestic and foreign businesses; these findings bear valuable information for the assessment of local and international opportunities. © Vilnius University, 2002-2015. © Brno University of Technology, 2002-2015. © University of Latvia, 2002-2015.	Consumer behaviour; Cool drinks; Marketing; Retail; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-60949093578	Founder centrality, management team congruence and performance in family firms: A Kenyan context	Kelly L., Lewa P.M., Kamaria K.	2008	Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship	13	4	None	Marshall Goldsmith School of Management, Alliant International University, 10455 Pomerado Road, San Diego, CA 92131, United States; United States International University, Nairobi, Kenya	Kelly, L., Marshall Goldsmith School of Management, Alliant International University, 10455 Pomerado Road, San Diego, CA 92131, United States; Lewa, P.M., United States International University, Nairobi, Kenya; Kamaria, K., Marshall Goldsmith School of Management, Alliant International University, 10455 Pomerado Road, San Diego, CA 92131, United States	Applying social network theory to family business, founder centrality has been generally shown to positively affect top-management-team congruence and, as a consequence, firm performance. This study applies social network and strategic leadership theory to an examination of founder centrality in family businesses. It focuses on family businesses in Kenya, and examines the impact of the founder's influence on management team congruence in the three strategic areas of culture, vision, and goals. The discussion considers the research findings in Kenya of a negative influence of founder centrality on management team congruence and firm performance. The study concludes with a presentation of some possible reasons for this dynamic in developing countries like Kenya, where family business is prevalent, and in which the founder plays a central role. © 2008 World Scientific Publishing Company.	Congruence; Family business; Founder centrality; Management team; Performance; Social networks; Strategic decision making; Strategic leadership theory; Strategic planning	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78751640621	Study methods for improving quality learning and performance in higher education	Mutsotso S.N., Abenga E.S.B.	2010	Educational Research and Reviews	5	12	None	Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 190, Kakamege - 50100, Kenya	Mutsotso, S.N., Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 190, Kakamege - 50100, Kenya; Abenga, E.S.B., Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 190, Kakamege - 50100, Kenya	Education is an investment to development and poor study methods should not compromise the mandate of higher education institutions to generate, preserve and disseminate knowledge and produce high quality graduates. Universities admit students with varying backgrounds in terms of learning/study styles, levels of preparedness and concepts of university education. Some were "drilled", spoon fed, taught for exams, or have wrong purposes/values of university learning. These negatively impact on their study skills and achievement. In complementing the role played by academic staff, students need to be conscious of their personality and study ethics as they influence studying. It is futile to teach well while students lack the fundamentals to conceptualize and internalize the new knowledge. This paper proposes a paradigm shift in study methods and suggests strategies for both the lecturers and the students in universities towards improved learning and performance. The paper is based on the "distributed learning approach" to adequately cater for individual differences that exist among the students. The model is significant for university students, most of whom begin serious studying on realization that examinations are around the corner. This causes stress, confusion and tendency to cheat in examinations. Distributed learning model will address the study space needs and the efficiency and effectiveness of study methods. © 2010 Academic Journals.	Achievement; Distributed learning; Learning performance; Study methods	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-69149102687	The impact of cost sharing on internal efficiency of public secondary schools in Ndivisi division, Bungoma district Kenya	Kiveu N.M., Mayio J.	2009	Educational Research and Reviews	4	5	None	Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya	Kiveu, N.M., Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya; Mayio, J., Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya	Adoption of cost sharing policy in education has witnessed the return to communities and parents a substantial proportion of financial responsibility for schooling. With increased poverty levels, many parents and communities have not been able to meet the cost requirements under cost sharing policy. Thus their investment in education and support to their children's education have dwindled, this study therefore intended to evaluate the impact of cost sharing on internal efficiency of public secondary schools in Ndivisi division of Bungoma district. In particular the study sought to find out the direct costs of secondary school education, the proportion of dropout, absenteeism and repetition attributed to costs of secondary education, the extent to which parents and communities contribute to physical facilities and equipment in schools. It is hoped that this study has contributed useful information applicable to the effective implementation of cost sharing policies in education in Kenya. It has encouraged further interest and inquiry into the application of cost-sharing policies in education. This is also a significant contribution to the development of an appropriate policy for financing education in Kenya, the scope of the study was all public secondary schools in Ndivisi division of Bungoma district. Seven secondary schools in the division were purposively sampled. The study was carried out using descriptive survey study design. The researcher used questionnaires, observation and interview schedules as research tools. Analysis of documented data was also done to gather relevant information. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analyzed. Qualitative data were analyzed in narration form while quantitative data were analyzed by use of %, means and frequencies. Tables were used to present data for easy interpretation. The study found out that school fees, uniform, transport and stationary were among the direct costs incurred by parents. On average, the transition rate was 0.30, dropout rate was 0.095 and repetition rate was 0.03, parent's contribution to physical facilities and equipment was minimal. Parents and teachers view cost sharing as a burden and it has both negative and positive impact. Negative in the sense that it has increased dropout, repetition and absenteeism and it has led to inadequate facilities and equipment in schools, positively, it has led to democratization in the management of schools. The study recommended that the government should establish the unit cost of secondary education and provide fee guidelines that are acceptable by all and additional costs in the middle of the term or year should be avoided. School administrators should encourage and use locally available teaching-learning materials, start income generating activities and sensitize parents on their role in the provision of physical facilities and equipment in schools. © 2008 Academic Journals.	Cost sharing; Internal efficiency	None	None
WoS	WOS:000251053500027	The impact of lexicographical work on language use: The case of shona monolingual dictionaries in Zimbabwe	Mapara, J.,Nyota, S.	2007	LEXIKOS	17	None	None	Masvingo State Univ	None	This article examines the impact of current lexicographical work in Zimbabwe on some sectors of Shona language use, namely education, media, medicine and local government. It looks specifically at Shona monolingual lexicographical projects completed by the African Languages Research Institute (ALRI),. successor to the African Languages Lexical Project (ALLEX). It analyses how users of Shona in these particular sectors are responding to the different lexicographical products published by ALRI. The article maintains that Shona monolingual lexicography has resulted in language raising and awareness. It has also led to term creation and has contributed towards standardisation of the language. Shona has furthermore gained the abstractive power it needs to explain its own and other concepts. All these have caused diglossia leakage from Low (L) Shona to High (H) Shona in some areas of Shona language usage. The overall effect is that Shona is now used in some formal sectors such as the above-mentioned ones which previously were the preserve of English in Zimbabwe.	ALLEX,ALRI,DICTIONARIES,"GENERAL DICTIONARIES","language awareness","language raising","LANGUAGE USE","monolingual lexicography",SLCA,Specialised,standardisation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907815441	Electrochemical performance of Phyllanthus Muellerianus on the corrosion of concrete steel-reinforcement in industrial/microbial simulating-environment	Okeniyi J.O., Loto C.A., Popoola A.P.I.	2014	Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta	32	3	10.4152/pea.201403199	Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa	Okeniyi, J.O., Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; Loto, C.A., Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria, Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Popoola, A.P.I., Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa	Electrochemical monitoring techniques were employed in this study to assess anticorrosion performance of Phyllanthus muellerianus leaf-extract on concrete steel-reinforcement in 0.5 M H2SO4, used for simulating industrial/microbial environment. For this, steel-reinforced concretes admixed with different concentrations of the natural plant leaf-extract were partially immersed in the acidic test-solution and subjected to electrochemical monitoring of corrosion potential, corrosion current and corrosion rate. Test responses analysed as per ASTM G16-95 R04, showed that the corrosion rate correlated, r = 84.93%, ANOVA p-value = 0.0403, with the leaf-extract concentration admixed in concrete and the ratio of the standard deviation of potential to the standard deviation of current. These identified the 0.3333% Phyllanthus muellerianus (per weight of cement) with optimum effectiveness at inhibiting steel-reinforcement corrosion both by the experimental model, η = 91.66±2.51%, and by the prediction from the correlation fitting model, η = 85.54±14.44%. Fittings of both the experimental and the predicted data followed the Flory–Huggins and the Frumkin adsorption isotherms which suggest prevalent mechanism of physical adsorption (physisorption) of the extract on steel-rebar surface. These support the use of Phyllanthus muellerianus as environmentally-friendly admixture for inhibiting concrete steel-reinforcement corrosion in the industrial/microbial service-environment. © 2014, Sociedade Portuguesa de Electroquimica. All rights reserved.	Adsorption isotherm; Correlation fitting analysis; Environmentally-friendly inhibitor; Inhibition efficiency; Steel-rebar corrosion in acidic environment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-60849099359	Language and student performance in junior secondary science examinations: The case of second language learners in Botswana	Prophet R.B., Badede N.B.	2009	International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education	7	2	10.1007/s10763-006-9058-3	Mathematics and Science Education, University of Botswana, P/Bag 0022, Gaborone 0000, Botswana	Prophet, R.B., Mathematics and Science Education, University of Botswana, P/Bag 0022, Gaborone 0000, Botswana; Badede, N.B., Mathematics and Science Education, University of Botswana, P/Bag 0022, Gaborone 0000, Botswana	Teaching and testing in science in junior secondary schools in Botswana, takes place in English which is a second language for the majority of Batswana (Citizens of Botswana are called Batswana [sing. Motswana] and the national language is Setswana.) students and a third language for many. The understanding of textual material in science has been shown to be problematic for first language speakers, which means that difficulties in comprehension are likely to be even greater for second language readers. This study set out to test the hypothesis that improving the readability of junior certificate science examination questions would improve student achievement. Results show that changing certain readability factors, such as sentence length, simplified vocabulary and the removal of obscure information, brought about an improvement in achievement. The conclusion considers the implications of the study for the writers of examinations and other texts in science. © 2007 National Science Council, Taiwan.	Assessment; Botswana; Language policy; Medium of instruction; Science education	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34547899539	Influence of supervisors' gender on mathematics student teachers' performance in teaching practice	Ugboduma S.O., Eze A.E.	2007	European Journal of Scientific Research	17	4	None	Mathematics Department, Delta State College of Sports and Science Education, Mosogar, Nigeria; Department of Mathematics, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria	Ugboduma, S.O., Mathematics Department, Delta State College of Sports and Science Education, Mosogar, Nigeria; Eze, A.E., Department of Mathematics, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria	This paper examined the influence of supervisors' gender on mathematics student teachers performance in teaching practice. Four hypotheses were formulated for the study, and t-test statistics was used to test the hypotheses. The study was limited to students of mathematics department of Faculty of Education, Delta State University, Abraka. The research method used was ex-post facto design and the instrument use was direct observation and official records which consisted of teaching practice results for 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 Sessions. Two research questions were adopted for the study. Analysis of results revealed the following findings: Male students performed higher with average mean of 3.78 in teaching practice than their female counterparts with average mean of 3.62, mean difference of 0.16 in mathematics department despite the supervisors; and student supervised by male supervisors performed higher with average mean of 7.83 in teaching practice than those supervised by female supervisors with average mean of 6.96, mean difference of 0.87. The difference observed was however not statistically significant showing that supervisors' gender does not influence mathematics student teachers' performance in teaching practice. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2007.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000260124500027	Assessing the Impact of the Trauma Team Training Program in Tanzania	Bergman, Simon,Deckelbaum, Dan,Demyttenaere, Sebastian,Haas, Barbara,Lett, Ronald,Mbembati, Naboth,Munthali, Victoria,Museru, Lawrence,Razek, Tarek	2008	JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE	65	4	10.1097/TA.0b013e318184a9fe	McGill University, University of British Columbia, Muhimbili Univ	"Bergman, Simon: McGill University","Deckelbaum, Dan: McGill University","Demyttenaere, Sebastian: McGill University","Haas, Barbara: McGill University","Lett, Ronald: University of British Columbia","Razek, Tarek: McGill University",	Background. In sub-Saharan Africa, injury is responsible for more deaths and disability-adjusted life years than AIDS and malaria combined. The trauma team training (TTT) program is a low-cost course designed to teach a multidisciplinary team approach to trauma evaluation and resuscitation. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of TTT on trauma knowledge and performance of Tanzanian physicians and nurses; and to demonstrate the validity of a questionnaire assessing trauma knowledge. Methods: This is a prospective stud.), of physicians and nurses from Dar es Salaam undergoing TTT (n = 20). Subjects received a precourse test and, after the course, an alternate postcourse test. The equivalence and construct validity of these 15-item multiple-choice questionnaires was previously demonstrated. After the course, subjects were divided into four teams and underwent a multiple injuries simulation, which was scored with a trauma resuscitation simulation assessment checklist. A satisfaction questionnaire was then administered. Test data are expressed as median score (interquartile ratio) and were analyzed with the Wilcoxon's signed rank test. Results: After the TTT course, subjects improved their scores from 9 (5-12) to 13 (9-13), p = 0.0004. Team performance scores for the simulation were all &gt;80%. Seventy-rive percent of subjects were very satisfied with TTT and 90% would strongly recommend it to others and would agree to teach future courses. Conclusions: After completion of TTT, there was a significant improvement in trauma resuscitation knowledge, based on results from a validated questionnaire. Trauma team performance was excellent when assessed with a novel trauma simulation assessment tool. Participants were very supportive of the course.	EDUCATION,Tanzania,"team assessment","Trauma team training",EDUCATION,"LIFE-SUPPORT PROGRAM",MODULE,PHYSICIANS,"SENIOR MEDICAL-STUDENTS","TEACHING EFFECTIVENESS",UGANDA	None	None
WoS	WOS:000257863300008	Southern African AIDS Trust - An evaluation of the process and outcomes of community-based partner graduation	Ismail, Hamida,Simon, Lisa D.	2008	CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE SANTE PUBLIQUE	99	None	None	McMaster University, University of Toronto, So African AIDS Trust	None	Objectives: To assess the partner graduation process used by SAT, the barriers partners face to graduation, and the outcomes following graduation, as well as to recommend directions for formalizing the graduation process into a more efficient and effective strategy. Methods: The quantitative component of this evaluation described existing data on graduated partners. The qualitative component collected data through semi-structured interviews with SAT regional and national staff, and both current long-term and graduated partners, with an emphasis on SAT's operations in Zambia and Zimbabwe. A participatory staff workshop allowed for the review of findings and recommendations. Results: SAT has graduated 31 implementing partners in its 5 core programming countries, after an average partnership duration of 6.5 years each. The graduation process has generally operated in accordance with SAT's guidelines regarding criteria and timeline, but has also involved considerable judgement, as SAT does not form explicit graduation strategies with partners. Key barriers to graduation included partners' challenges with resource mobilization and high staff turnover, as well as the reduced clarity around the graduation process itself for both SAT staff and partners. The outcomes of the graduated partners interviewed revealed strong sustainability of organizational systems, but mixed sustainability of financial resources and resource-dependent features. SAT staff provided many recommendations for addressing partners' challenges, and for improving and formalizing the graduation process. Discussion: The efficiency and sustainability of SAT's work could be improved with the development of an explicit and individualized graduation strategy with each partner. An enhanced and earlier focus on fundraising, sustainability, and human resources would also remove barriers to graduation and help improve outcomes.	Africa,"EVALUATION STUDIES",HIV,ORGANIZATIONS,SOUTHERN,"World health"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84902476419	The effect of aggregating multivariate performance parameters in a quality award process	Beshah B.	2014	International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management	31	6	10.1108/IJQRM-07-2012-0104	Mechanical Engineering Department, Addis Ababa Institute of Technology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Beshah, B., Mechanical Engineering Department, Addis Ababa Institute of Technology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Purpose: Quality awards, commonly, have basic criteria and sub-criteria to evaluate applicants based on the quality management principles and philosophies. The purpose of this paper is to examine the method of selecting award winners and its consequences. Design/methodology/approach: Award winners' and non-award winners' performances of the Ethiopian Quality Award are the study groups. The criteria and sub-criteria evaluation results of the award were collected and analysed by the Mahalanobis-Taguchi System. Findings: The research assumed that award winners' performances are exceptionally outstanding. However, the result does not justify the assumption. Hence, the drawback of aggregating multivariate performance measures in a quality award is proven. Mahalanobis distance is proposed as alternative approach to evaluate and select organizations. Practical implications: The outcome of this research will help award givers, evaluators and participants to understand the real difficulty to select very few organizations among applicants. Furthermore, it helps to consider the possible error when aggregating individual performance. Originality/value: Aggregating performances is a common practice in quality awards evaluation process but this paper proved its drawback. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Ethiopia; MD; MTS; Performance aggregating	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960078061	Recuperative performance of a non-ferrous melting furnace	Ighodalo O.A.	2010	European Journal of Scientific Research	44	1	None	Mechanical Engineering Department, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria	Ighodalo, O.A., Mechanical Engineering Department, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria	Recuperative heating is employed in Furnaces as a means of conserving energy and improving efficiency. A metallic, shell and tube, counter-flow type recuperator was fitted to a non-ferrous melting Furnace and the Furnace performance with recuperation compared without recuperation. Experimental measurements obtained for the two test operations were fed as inputs to a heat balance program. From the outputs of the program, a comparison was made of the temperature conditions and thermal indicators. The results show that in-furnace temperature for Furnace operation with recuperation was higher by 10.5 %, a 6.3% savings in fuel consumption per kilogram of metal melted, a 22.7% savings in energy consumption per kilogram of metal melted, a 3.6% reduction in waste heat and a 9.8% reduction in heating time were also achieved with the Furnace operation with recuperation. There is an enhanced capacity in metal melting by 35.9%, a 27.7% increase in useful heat utilization and a 5.4% increase in total heat utilization. The Furnace operation has been enhanced with recuperation. © 2010 EuroJournals Publishing, Inc.	Aluminium; Furnace; Heat-balance; Recuperation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901309350	Corrosion inhibition performance of rhizophora mangle L bark-extract on concrete steel-reinforcement in industrial/microbial simulating-environment	Okeniyi J.O., Loto C.A., Popopla A.P.I.	2014	International Journal of Electrochemical Science	9	8	None	Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota 112001, Nigeria; Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa	Okeniyi, J.O., Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota 112001, Nigeria; Loto, C.A., Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota 112001, Nigeria, Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Popopla, A.P.I., Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa	In this paper, the corrosion inhibition performance of the bark-extract of Rhizophora mangle L admixture on steel-reinforcement in concrete, immersed in 0.5 M H2SO4 for simulating industrial/microbial environment, were studied. Different concentrations of the plant-extract were admixed in duplicated concrete samples immersed in the acidic test-solution and these were monitored using non-destructive electrochemical techniques, for seventy-five days experimental period. Statistical analyses of the corrosion test-responses, as per ASTM G16-95 R04, showed that the corrosion rate correlated with function of the admixed bark-extract concentration in concrete, the half-cell potential and the corrosion current from the corrosion test-setup. The experimental and predicted model, from the correlation, both identified 0.167% Rhizophora mangle L bark-extract (per weight of cement) with optimal effectiveness, η = 78.6% (experimental) or η = 70.7% (predicted) at inhibiting steel-reinforcement corrosion. The experimental model of inhibition efficiency compares well with results from literature, classifies as very good inhibition efficiency model and thus supports Rhizophora mangle L bark-extract as inhibitor of steel-reinforcement corrosion in industrial/microbial environment. © 2014 The Authors. Published by ESG.	ASTM G16 analyses; Correlation fitting model; Corrosion of steel-reinforcement in concrete; Environmentally-friendly inhibitor; Industrial/microbial simulating-environment; Inhibition efficiency	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84944865482	Electrochemical performance of Anthocleista djalonensis on steel-reinforcement corrosion in concrete immersed in saline/marine simulating-environment	Okeniyi J.O., Loto C.A., Popoola A.P.I.	2014	Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals	67	6	10.1007/s12666-014-0424-5	Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa	Okeniyi, J.O., Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; Loto, C.A., Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria, Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Popoola, A.P.I., Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa	In this paper, electrochemical techniques were employed to study performance of different concentrations of Anthocleista djalonensis leaf-extract admixtures on the corrosion of steel-reinforcement in concrete immersed in 3.5 % NaCl, for simulating saline/marine environment. Analysed test-results showed that the corrosion rate correlated directly with admixture concentration and inversely with cube of the ratio of standard deviations of corrosion potential and corrosion current. The 0.4167 % A. djalonensis (per weight of cement) exhibited optimal inhibition efficiency, g = 97.43 ± 1.20 %, from analysed experimental data, or 94.80 ± 3.39 %, from predicted correlation model, on steel-reinforcement corrosion in the medium. The other admixture concentrations also exhibited high efficiencies at inhibiting steel-reinforcement corrosion in the chloride contaminated environment. Isotherm fittings of he experimental and predicted performance suggest that they both obeyed the Langmuir adsorption model. Evaluated parameters from the isotherm model indicated favourable adsorption and predominant chemisorption mechanism by this environmentally-friendly inhibitor of steel-reinforcement corrosion in the saline/marine simulating- environment. © 2014, The Indian Institute of Metals - IIM.	Correlation analyses; Electrochemical techniques; Green-inhibitor; Inhibition efficiency; Saline/marine environment; Steel-rebar corrosion	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84951109964	Exergoeconomic analysis and performance assessment of selected gas turbine power plants	Oyedepo S.O., Fagbenle R.O., Adefila S.S., Alam Md.M.	2015	World Journal of Engineering	12	3	None	Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; Mechanical Engineering Department, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria; Chemical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; Institute for Turbulence-Noise-Vibra	Oyedepo, S.O., Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; Fagbenle, R.O., Mechanical Engineering Department, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria; Adefila, S.S., Chemical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; Alam, Md.M., Institute for Turbulence-Noise-Vibration Interaction and Control, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China	In this study, exergoeconomic analysis and performance evaluation of selected gas turbine power plants in Nigeria were carried out. The study was conducted using operating data obtained from the power plants to determine the exergy efficiency, exergy destruction, unit cost of electricity and cost of exergy destruction of the major components of a gas turbine engine in the selected power plants. The results of exergy analysis confirmed that the combustion chamber is the most exergy destructive component compared to other cycle components as expected. The total efficiency defects and overall exergetic efficiency of the selected power plants vary from 38.64 to 69.33% and 15.66 to 30.72% respectively. The exergy analysis further shows that the exergy improvement potential of the selected plants varies from 54.04 MW to 159.88 MW. The component with the highest exergy improvement potential is the combustion chamber and its value varies from 30.21 MW to 88.86 MW. The results of exergoeconomic analysis show that the combustion chamber has the greatest cost of exergy destruction compared to other components. Increasing the gas turbine inlet temperature (GTIT), both the exergy destruction and the cost of exergy destruction of this component were found to decrease. The results of this study revealed that an increase in the GTIT of about 200 K can lead to a reduction of about 29% in the cost of exergy destruction. From exergy costing analysis, the unit cost of electricity produced in the selected power plants varies from cents 1.99/kWh (N3.16/kWh) to cents 5.65/kWh (N8.98/kWh).	Electricity; Exergo-economic; Exergy; Exergy cost; Gas turbine; GTIT	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884686701	Electrochemical performance of sodium dichromate partial replacement models by triethanolamine admixtures on steel-rebar corrosion in concretes	Okeniyi J.O., Ambrose I.J., Oladele I.O., Loto C.A., Popoola P.A.I.	2013	International Journal of Electrochemical Science	8	8	None	Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, PMB 1023, Ota, Nigeria; Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa	Okeniyi, J.O., Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, PMB 1023, Ota, Nigeria; Ambrose, I.J., Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, PMB 1023, Ota, Nigeria; Oladele, I.O., Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, PMB 1023, Ota, Nigeria; Loto, C.A., Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, PMB 1023, Ota, Nigeria, Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Popoola, P.A.I., Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa	This paper studies electrochemical performance of partial replacement models of sodium dichromate (Na2Cr2O7) inhibitor by triethanolamine (C6H15NO3) admixtures on the corrosion of steel-rebar embedded in concrete immersed in corrosive environments. For these, 3.5% NaCl and 0.5M H2SO4 media were employed for respectively simulating saline/marine and industrial/microbial corrosive test-environments. Test-results of electrochemical monitoring techniques were subjected to statistical modelling of probability distribution fittings, goodness-of-fit tests and analyses for detailing admixture performance in steel-reinforced concretes. Results from these identified 6 g Na2Cr2O7 + 2 g C6H15NO3 and the 2 g Na2Cr2O7 + 6 g C6H15NO3 partial Na2Cr2O7 replacement admixtures with excellent inhibition efficiencies, η = 91.7% and η = 90.0%, respectively in the NaCl-immersed concretes. Also, the 2 g Na2Cr2O7 + 6 g C6H15NO3 exhibited inhibition efficiency η = 52.5% that lagged behind η = 72.0% of 8 g Na2Cr2O7 but which both represent good efficiency criteria in the H2SO4-immersed concretes. © 2013 by ESG.	Concrete steel-rebar corrosion; Goodness-of-fit statistics; Numerical correlation modelling; Partial dichromate replacement admixture; Probability distribution functions; Saline/acidic environments	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84881218581	Wind profile characteristics and turbine performance analysis in Kano, north-western Nigeria	Ajayi O.O., Fagbenle R.O., Katende J., Aasa S.A., Okeniyi J.O.	2013	International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering	4	1	10.1186/2251-6832-4-27	Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, P. M. B. 1023, Ota, Nigeria; Mechanical Engineering Department, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria; College of Engineering and Technology, Botswana International University of Science and T	Ajayi, O.O., Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, P. M. B. 1023, Ota, Nigeria; Fagbenle, R.O., Mechanical Engineering Department, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria; Katende, J., College of Engineering and Technology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Gaborone, Botswana; Aasa, S.A., Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, P. M. B. 1023, Ota, Nigeria; Okeniyi, J.O., Mechanical Engineering Department, Covenant University, P. M. B. 1023, Ota, Nigeria	This study analyzed the electricity generation potential from wind at Kano, Nigeria (12.05°N; 08.2°E; altitude 472.5 m; air density 1.1705 kg/m3). Twenty one years (1987 to 2007) monthly mean wind speed data at a height of 10 m were assessed from the Nigeria Meteorological Department, Oshodi. The data were subjected to different statistical tests and also compared with the two-parameter Weibull probability density function. The outcome shows that the average monthly wind speed ranged from 6.6 to 9.5 m/s. Seasonally, average wind speeds ranged between 6.6 to 8.5 m/s and 7.4 to 9.5 m/s for dry (October to March) and wet (April to September) seasons, respectively. Also, estimated monthly wind power ranged between 3.6 and 12.5 MWh/m2. The most probable and maximum energy carrying wind speeds were also determined and the two parameters of the Weibull statistics were found to lie between 2.1 ≤ k ≤ 4.9 and 7.3 ≤ c ≤ 10.7, respectively. These results indicate that wind speeds at Kano may be economically viable for wind-to-electricity at and above the height of 10 m. In addition, five practical turbine models were assessed for the site's wind profile, with results suggesting strong economic viability. © 2013 Ajayi et al.	Kano; Nigeria; Renewable energy; Weibull; Wind power	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84936999064	Performance evaluation of ceramics microfiltration membrane for water treatment	Owoeye F.T., Azodo A.P., Udo S.B.	2014	Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences	7	1	10.15282/jmes.7.2014.10.0108	Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta (FUNAAB), P M B 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Metallurgical Department, Yaba College of Technology Yaba Lagos, P.M.B. 2011, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria	Owoeye, F.T., Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta (FUNAAB), P M B 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Azodo, A.P., Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta (FUNAAB), P M B 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Udo, S.B., Metallurgical Department, Yaba College of Technology Yaba Lagos, P.M.B. 2011, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria	Ceramic membranes are especially suitable for processes with high temperatures and harsh chemical environments or for processes where sterilizability of the membrane is important. The main objective of this work is to determine the evaluation of four different ceramic membranes with different material compositions. Ceramic disc type microfiltration membranes were fabricated by the mould and press method from different percentage compositions of clay, kaolin, sawdust and wood charcoal. The fabricated membranes were sintered at a temperature of 1100°C and characterized by an X-ray diffractometer and optical scanner. Compressibility tests and physical properties of the membranes were also examined. It was observed that, as the percentage composition of kaolin increased from 0 to 80% and the percentage composition of clay decreased from 80 to 0% respectively, the compressive stress of all the sample membranes increased, with an increase in compressive strain from 1.8 to 2.4. Sample A had the highest value of compressive stress from 1.8 to 2.2 compressive strain, but sample B had the highest value of compressive stress of 150MPa at a compressive strain of 2.4. Optical micrographs of all membranes showed the presence of uniformly distributed pores and no cracks were seen around them. It was concluded that, with increasing percentage of kaolin and decreasing percentage of clay, there was a decrease in porosity and water absorption, as well as a decrease in the mechanical properties of the fabricated membranes. © Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia.	Kaolin; Membranes; Physical properties; Sintered; X-ray diffractometer	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903119029	Exergy based performance analysis of a solid adsorption solar refrigerator	Ogueke N.V., Ndeke C., Ndeke C.	2014	International Journal of Renewable Energy Research	4	2	None	Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, PMB 1526 Owerri, Nigeria	Ogueke, N.V., Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, PMB 1526 Owerri, Nigeria; Ndeke, C., Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, PMB 1526 Owerri, Nigeria; Ndeke, C., Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, PMB 1526 Owerri, Nigeria	The exergy based performance analysis of a solid adsorption solar refrigerator is presented. The analysis is based on an exergy balance applied to each component of the refrigeration machine, leading to a general exergy balance equation. The dead state temperature was chosen to coincide with the ambient temperature. Results reveal that maximum exergy destruction occurred in the collector/generator/adsorber during heat up and adsorbate desorption phases with a value of 3747.77 kJ. Values recorded in the condenser and evaporator were 10.51 and 20.11 kJ, respectively while the exergy efficiency was in the range of 0.0008 - 0.012. It was also found that the rate of exergy destruction reduced as soon as adsorbate generation commenced; indicating superior energy and exergy utilization during desorption phase. Thus use of adsorbent and adsorbate with the potential of very early commencement of desorption can significantly improve the exergetic efficiency of the system.	Adsorption; Exergy; Refrigerator; Solar	None	None
WoS	WOS:000305644400001	Social impact of HIV/AIDS on clients attending a teaching hospital in Southern Nigeria	Johnson, Ofonime E.	2012	SAHARA J-JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ASPECTS OF HIV-AIDS	9	2	10.1080/17290376.2012.683578	Med Coll Publ Hlth FMCPH, Univ Uyo, W African Coll Phys FWACP	None	People living with human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (PLWHA) face numerous social challenges. The objectives of this study were to assess the level of self-disclosure of status by PLWHA, to describe the level and patterns of stigma and discrimination, if any, experienced by the PLWHA and to assess the effect of sero-positivity on the attitude of friends, family members, health workers, colleagues and community. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out among PLWHA attending the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Southern Nigeria. Information was obtained using an interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaire, which was analysed using the Epi 6 software. A total of 331 respondents were interviewed. A majority, 256 (77.3%), of the respondents were within the age range of 25-44 years. A total of 121 (36.6%) PLWHA were single and 151 (46.6%) were married, while the rest were widowed, divorced or separated. A majority, 129 (85.4%), of the married respondents disclosed their status to their spouses and 65 (50.4%) were supportive. Apart from spouses, disclosure to mothers (39.9%) was highest. Most clients (57.7%) did not disclose their status to people outside their immediate families for fear of stigmatization. Up to 111 (80.4%) of the respondents working for others did not disclose their status to their employers. Among those whose status was known, discrimination was reported to be highest among friends (23.2%) and at the workplace (20.2%). Attitudes such as hostility (14.5%), withdrawal (11.7%) and neglect (6.8%) were reported from the private hospitals. Apart from disclosure to spouses, the level of disclosure to others was very low. Those whose status was known mainly received acceptance from their families but faced discriminatory attitudes such as hostility, neglect and withdrawal from friends, colleagues and hospital workers. There is a need for more enlightenment campaigns on HIV/AIDS by stakeholders to reduce stigma and discrimination and ensure adequate integration of PLWHA into the society.	DISCLOSURE,DISCRIMINATION,"enlightenment campaigns",sero-positivity,STIGMA,workplaces,"DISCRIMINATORY ATTITUDES"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84877265674	On farm evaluation of Kenyan Top bar hive (KTBH) for honey production in Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia	Gebremedhn H., Estifanos A.	2013	Livestock Research for Rural Development	25	5	None	Mekelle Agricultural Research Center, P. O. Box 258, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, P. O. Box 492, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia	Gebremedhn, H., Mekelle Agricultural Research Center, P. O. Box 258, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Estifanos, A., Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, P. O. Box 492, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia	With high adoption of the modern beehive in the Tigray region of Northern Ethiopia, there is shortage of beeswax for preparation of the foundation sheet. Thus there is high demand of beeswax by the beekeepers and its cost has been increasing dramatically from time to time. Hence a study was designed to familiarize alternative new technology, Kenyan top bar hive (KTBH) and to evaluate its honey productivity under farmers' condition. A total of 15 honeybee colonies which had similar strength were selected for comparison of KTBH with Modern beehive (MH) under farmers' condition. Honey yield data from each hive per harvesting season was recorded immediately after harvest. The collected data were analyzed using GLM analysis of variance procedure. There was significant difference between modern and Kenyan top bar hive for honey yield. The potential productivity of the modern hive (22.8 kg/hive) was higher than the KTBH (17.8 kg/hive). In Begasheka honey yield from the modern hive (25.7 kg/harvest) was significantly higher than the Kenyan top bar hive (17.8 Kg/harvest). While, in Debrekidan there was no significant difference between both hives. It is therefore recommended to use the KTBH as an alternative technology in areas like Debrekidan watershed for farmers with little skill in modern hive management and to minimize the shortage of beeswax.	Honey yield; Kenyan top bar hive; Modern bee hive	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897035415	Evaluation of In-vitro anti-mycobacterial activity of selected medicinal plants in Mekelle, Ethiopia	Balcha E., Mengiste B., Gebrelibanos M., Worku A., Ameni G.	2014	World Applied Sciences Journal	31	6	10.5829/idosi.wasj.2014.31.06.517	Mekelle University, College of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box: 2084, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Mekelle University, College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box: 1871, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box: 1176, Ethiopia	Balcha, E., Mekelle University, College of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box: 2084, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Mengiste, B., Mekelle University, College of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box: 2084, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Gebrelibanos, M., Mekelle University, College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box: 1871, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Worku, A., Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box: 1176, Ethiopia; Ameni, G., Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box: 1176, Ethiopia	In the present study six medicinal plants: Allium ursinum (bulb), Anethum graveolens (areal part), Buddleja polystachia (leaf), Croton macrostachys (leaf), Dodonaea anguistifolia (leaf) and Pterolobium stellatum (leaf), which are traditionally used to treat TB and related symptoms in Northern part of Ethiopia, were selected for the study. Crude extracts were prepared from the selected species by maceration using 80% ethanol. Various concentrations (250 mg/ml, 500 mg/ml and 1000 mg/ml) of the extracts were then screened for anti-mycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain using Micro plate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA). Various concentrations (1, 3, 6, 12.5, 25, 50, 125, 250, 500, 1000 mg/ml) of the extracts from the plant species that showed anti-mycobacterial activity were used to determine their respective Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs). Only three plants (A. ursinum, D. anguistifolia and P. stellatum) of the screened medicinal plants showed anti-mycobacterial activity. The MIC of A. ursinum and P. Stellatum extract was 250 mg/ml; while that of D. anguistifolia was 12.5 mg/ml. It can be concluded that the present study provided a scientific support for the traditional use of Allium ursinum, Dodonaea anguistifolia and Pterolobium stellatum for treatment of tuberculosis. © IDOSI Publications, 2014.	Anti-mycobacterial; Medicinal Plants; Minimum Inhibitory Concentration; Tuberculosis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864947140	Comparative performance of irrigated and rainfed agriculture in Ethiopia	Tilahun H., Teklu E., Michael M., Fitsum H., Awulachew S.B.	2011	World Applied Sciences Journal	14	2	None	Melkasa Agricultural Research Centre, P.O. Box: 436, Nazareth, Ethiopia; International Water Management Institute, P.O. Box: 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Freie University of Berlin, Malteserstr, 74-100, Haus H, Raum H-152, 12249, Berlin, Germany	Tilahun, H., Melkasa Agricultural Research Centre, P.O. Box: 436, Nazareth, Ethiopia; Teklu, E., International Water Management Institute, P.O. Box: 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Michael, M., Freie University of Berlin, Malteserstr, 74-100, Haus H, Raum H-152, 12249, Berlin, Germany; Fitsum, H., International Water Management Institute, P.O. Box: 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Awulachew, S.B., International Water Management Institute, P.O. Box: 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	With its an estimated human population of 85 million which increases annually at about 2.7 per cent, Ethiopia is the second most populous country in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) only after Nigeria. Agriculture contributes about 45% and 85% to the GDP and the export earnings, respectively. However, agriculture largely depends on the highly variable rainfall. Accentuated with the rampant land degradation, the seasonal and annual variation in rainfall severely impedes agricultural productivity. In the face of soaring global food prices, importing agricultural products is becoming more challenging. This entails a substantial increase in water and land productivity through investment in both rainfed and irrigated agriculture. Irrigation projects often require huge financial and capital investment. As a result, rain fed agriculture may continue to play a major role in the near future, especially in areas with sufficient rainfall. Therefore, prioritization and resources allocation to the rainfed and irrigated agriculture should ensure the efficient use of the limited resources. This study compared the efficiency of the small-scale irrigation (SSI) and the large-scale irrigated agricultural schemes in different river basins against the rain fed system. The study indicated that irrigated agriculture is more efficient both in terms of water use and economics regardless of the typology or the basins considered. The large-scale schemes are more efficient than the small-scale ones. This may be attributed to the use of other complementary crop management technologies such as fertilizers and the use of improved crop varieties. Although rainfed agriculture remains important for a long period to come, gradual transformation to irrigation particularly to large-scale schemes may lead to efficient use of resources for economic development. © IDOSI Publications, 2011.	Large-scale irrigation; River basins; Small-scale irrigation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84905472556	Evaluation of pre-weaning growth performances and survival rate of Western Highland goats under traditional management system in Amhara Region, Ethiopia	Chanie D., Mekuriaw Z., Taye M.	2014	Livestock Research for Rural Development	26	8	None	Mertule Mariam Agricultural Technical Vocational Educational Training College, PO. Box 01, Merule Mariam, Ethiopia; International Livestock Research institute (ILRI), LIVES Project, P.O. Box 1867, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Bahir Dar University, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia	Chanie, D., Mertule Mariam Agricultural Technical Vocational Educational Training College, PO. Box 01, Merule Mariam, Ethiopia; Mekuriaw, Z., International Livestock Research institute (ILRI), LIVES Project, P.O. Box 1867, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Taye, M., Bahir Dar University, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia	The study was conducted in Enebse Sar Midir district of East Gojam Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia, to evaluate the growth performance and survival rate of kids. The study was carried out on 60 western highland kids owned by farmers in the area. Body weight of kids was measured and recorded from birth to 60 days at 10 days interval using a spring balance. The overall mean birth weight and weight at 60 days were found to be 2.4±0.08 kg and 7±0.18 kg, respectively. The overall mean daily weight gain from birth to 60 days of age was 72.7±2.3 g. Kids born from the second and above parity does, single born kids and male kids were heavier (p<0.001) than kids from first parity does, twin born kids and female kids, respectively. Single born and male kids had higher (P<0.001) average daily weight gains compared to twin born and female kids. Kids born from first parity does had significantly lower (P<0.01) average daily weight gains than kids born from second and above parity does. The overall survival rate of kids recorded in this study was 91.5%. The survival rate of kids was significantly affected by parity of the dam and type of birth. Kids born from first parity dams and twin born kids had the lowest survival rate. First parity does performed the lowest almost in all the traits considered which calls for differential feeding management for first parity does before and after kidding. Similarly, twin kidding dams need to be fed with additional quality feed to improve milk yield and consequently the survival and growth rate of their kids.	Birth weight; Daily weight gain; Parity; Sex; Type of birth	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84950137912	Evaluation of the mechanical properties and corrosion behaviour of coconut shell ash reinforced aluminium (6063) alloy composites	Daramola O.O., Adediran A.A., Fadumiye A.T.	2015	Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies	14	27	None	Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; Mechanical Engineering Department, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria	Daramola, O.O., Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; Adediran, A.A., Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; Fadumiye, A.T., Mechanical Engineering Department, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria	Aluminium 6063/Coconut shell ash (CSAp) composites having 3-12 weight percent (wt%) coconut shell ash were fabricated by double stir-casting method. The microstructure, ultimate tensile strength, hardness values, density and corrosion behaviour in 0.3M H2SO4 and 3.5wt% NaCl solution of the composites were evaluated. The density of the composites exhibit a linear and proportional decreased as the percentage of coconut shell ash increases in the aluminium alloy. It implies that composites with lower weight component can be produced by adding CSAp. The microstructural analysis showed uniform distribution of coconut shell ash particles in the aluminium alloy matrix. Significant improvement in hardness and ultimate tensile strength values was noticeable as the wt% of the coconut shell ash increased in the alloy, although this occur at the expense of ductility of the composites as the modulus of elasticity of the composites decreases as the percentage of CSAp increases. Hence, this work has established that incorporation of coconut shell particles in aluminum matrix can lead to the production of low cost aluminum composites with improved hardness and tensile strength values. © 2015, AcademicDirect. All rights reserved.	Aluminium 6063; Coconut shell; Composite; Corrosion; Matrix; Mechanical properties; Stir casting	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-69149097007	Evaluation of the effect of fiber volume fraction on the mechanical properties of a polymer matrix composite	Aramide F.O., Oladele I.O., Folorunso D.O.	2009	Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies	7	14	None	Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Dept., Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	Aramide, F.O., Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Dept., Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; Oladele, I.O., Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Dept., Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; Folorunso, D.O., Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Dept., Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	The possibility of utilization of the fibres made from bagass as reinforcement in polyester matrix composite was evaluated. The various composite formulations were prepared using 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 15% and 20% bagass fibres as the reinforcement. For tensile strength, samples were prepared according to ASTM D412 and tensile strength of standard and conditioned samples was calculated, using INSTRON 1195 at a fixed crosshead speed of 10mm min-1, for microhardness, the sample was indented using Durometer following ASTM procedure No.D2240 and the reading is noted from the calibrated scale. It was observed that The UTS, Modulus of elasticity and extension to break of the polyester resin matrix composite increase with the amount of bagass fibre up to a certain threshold and then begins to reduce with further increase in the amount of bagass fibre. It was concluded that the bagass fibres are providing a reinforcement effect in polyester matrix composites and the maximum reinforcement is achieved at around 10% by weight of bagass fibre content.	Bagass fibre; Composite; Polyester matrix; Reinforcement	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77954150227	Functional performance of a vertical-shaft centrifugal palm nut cracker	Ndukwu M.C., Asoegwu S.N.	2010	Research in Agricultural Engineering	56	2	None	Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Umudike, P.M.B. 7267, Umuahia, Abia state, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria	Ndukwu, M.C., Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Umudike, P.M.B. 7267, Umuahia, Abia state, Nigeria; Asoegwu, S.N., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria	A vertical-shaft centrifugal palm nut cracker was presented and evaluated. The cracker efficiency and kernel breakage ratio are some of the most important parameters for evaluating the cracker performance. From the result of this work, the two parameters are function of cracking speed, moisture content and feed rate. The result showed that for the lowest speed of 1,650 r/min, and the highest feed rate of 880 kg/h and for all moisture contents, the cracking efficiency was not up to 65%, therefore the efficiency increases with an increase in machine speed and a decrease in feed rate. The kernel breakage ratio ranged from 0-0.18 (0-18%) for all feed rates and moisture contents. It increased with moisture content and cracking speed, but decreased with feed rate. All the parameters determined have a linear relationship with moisture content.	Cracking efficiency; Feed rate; Kernel; Kernel breakage; Shaft speed; Throughput capacity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80055014244	The impact of ethnicity and religious affiliation on the alienation of staff from their work environment in Nigerian universities: A comparative survey	Nnekwu D.A.	2010	Research in Education	None	84	None	Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria	Nnekwu, D.A., Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78049483059	Examining the impact of HIV&AIDS on south african educators	Louw J., Shisana O., Peltzer K., Zungu N.	2009	South African Journal of Education	29	2	None	Michigan State University, United States; Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa; Health Promotion Research Unit, HSRC, South Africa; HSRC	Louw, J., Michigan State University, United States; Shisana, O., Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa; Peltzer, K., Health Promotion Research Unit, HSRC, South Africa; Zungu, N., HSRC	Our aim in this study was to examine the impact of HIV&AIDS on South African educators. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in public schools combining HIV testing and a face-to-face interview with participants from a nationally representative sample of public educators. The results show that HIV is highly prevalent among South African public educators (12.7%) and the educators who are absent from school for longer periods (20 days or more) compared with those who are absent for less than four days have higher HIV prevalence (16.8% vs 11.95%). Educators also spend time away from teaching while they attend funerals for colleagues who have died (6.7%), for family members (13.4%) and for members of their communities (47.6%). This makes them feel depressed (71%). These results suggest that HIV&AIDS has an impact on the quality of education. There is a need to prevent new HIV infections and reduce morbidity through the implementation of comprehensive integrated prevention and treatment programmes targeted at educators. There is also a need to support educators in coping with the problem of HIV&AIDS at work and in the community.©2009 EASA.	Education; Educators; Hiv&aids; Vulnerable children	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-65449130102	Nutritional, microbiological and sensory evaluation of honey treated and untreated soft cheese	Belewu M.A., Morakinyo O.A.	2009	European Journal of Scientific Research	26	1	None	Microbial Biotechnology and Dairy Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	Belewu, M.A., Microbial Biotechnology and Dairy Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Morakinyo, O.A., Microbial Biotechnology and Dairy Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	Chemical composition, sensory perception and microbial quality were determined in untreated {A (0%), B (sorghum treated), C (Fried cheese) and honey treated cheese samples D (5%), E (10%) and F (15%)} in a completely randomized design model. The results revealed highest crude protein content for treatment F (15% honey) represents an increase over Treatments A, B and C. Treatment A had the highest ash content while Treatment F had the least. When subjected to sensory perception, honey treated cheese samples ranked appreciably highest (P<0.05) for all the sensory parameters compared to the untreated samples. The honey treated cheese samples had a shelf life of at least 3 months. The presence of the antimicrobial factors of honey may be responsible for the low microbial levels of the honey treated cheese samples. At 15% level (Treatment F) there was no record of microbial detection indicating that honey may be useful for inhibiting microbial growth in cheese and other milk products that are less stable or require longer storage time than milk products. It was concluded that treatment of cheese sample with honey can help upscale the value (nutritive and sensory) of such cheese sample and reduce/discourage the growth or persistence of many microorganisms. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2009.	Cheese; Chemical composition; Natural pure honey; Sensory and microbial qualities	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-38949170739	Evaluation of indigenous Botswana sorghum cultivars with respect to their diastatic power, α-amylase, β-amylase, and limit dextrinase potentials for malting	Letsididi R., Bulawayo B., Kebakile M., Ezeogu L.I.	2008	Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemists	66	1	10.1094/ASBCJ-2007-1214-01	Microbiology and Biotechnology Unit, National Food Technology Research Centre, Kanye, Botswana; Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Department of Food Science, University of Pretoria, 0002 Pretoria, South Africa; National Food Technology Research Centre, P/B 008, Kanye, Botswana	Letsididi, R., Microbiology and Biotechnology Unit, National Food Technology Research Centre, Kanye, Botswana; Bulawayo, B., Microbiology and Biotechnology Unit, National Food Technology Research Centre, Kanye, Botswana; Kebakile, M., Microbiology and Biotechnology Unit, National Food Technology Research Centre, Kanye, Botswana, Department of Food Science, University of Pretoria, 0002 Pretoria, South Africa; Ezeogu, L.I., Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, National Food Technology Research Centre, P/B 008, Kanye, Botswana	The malting quality of 11 Botswana sorghum cultivars was assessed using their diastatic power (DP), α-amylase, β-amylase, and limit dextrinase (LD) potentials as parameters. Malt DP and LD were assayed using soluble starch and Limit-Dextrizyme methods, respectively. Malt α- and β-amylase activities were assayed specifically with Ceralpha and Betamyl, respectively, then nonspecifically with a diamylase method in which β-amylase activity is denatured by heating (70°C, 15 min). All malt quality parameters varied significantly (P &lt; 0.001) by grain cultivar. Malt DP, α-amylase, and β-amy-lase fell within ranges previously reported for industrial sorghum malts. β-Amylase was the principal amylase component of DP in BSH1, Lekgeberwa, SNK, Kanye Standard, Marupantshi, and Mafia at 55, 68, 71, 72, 75, and 88%, respectively. Malt LD was high at 101 (Mafia) to 231 U (Sefofu). For α- and β-amylase, values obtained using both specific assay methods correlated strongly (R2 = 0.94, P &lt; 0.001 for α-amylase; R2 = 0.95, P &lt; 0.001 for β-amylase) with results from the diamylase protocol. The results highlight the need to screen more cultivars for brewing properties. Segao, Lekgeberwa, Sefofu, Town, and Kanye Standard displayed desirable amylolytic properties, suggesting their potential use in the production of lager beer-quality sorghum malts. © 2008 American Society of Brewing Chemists, Inc.	α-Amylase; β-Amylase; Diastatic power; Limit dextrinase; Malting; Sorghum	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939427079	Implementation of South African National Credit Act and its impact on home loans market: The case of First National Bank	Naicker B.V., Kabir M.H.	2013	Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions	3	2	None	Milpark Business School, Johannesburg, South Africa; Accounting Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag - X11312, Nelspruit, Mpumalanga, South Africa	Naicker, B.V., Milpark Business School, Johannesburg, South Africa; Kabir, M.H., Accounting Department, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag - X11312, Nelspruit, Mpumalanga, South Africa	Since it has been observed that credit granting is a serious problem across the entire credit market, South Africa introduced National Credit Act 34 of 2005 in order to regulate the credit industry and protect credit consumers from becoming over-indebted. The study highlights and examines the implementation of the Act in relation to the South African home loans market, focussing on First National Bank home loans portfolio. The study documents that the current state of consumer indebtedness shows that both credit institutions and consumers were responsible for over extending retail credit. The study noticed that credit industry has significantly managed to regulate the retail credit through the implementation of the Act. Furthermore, the study finds that a new stakeholder such as a debt counsellor has been introduced into the retail credit value chain for debt counselling for over-indebted clients. However, the study recommends that internal forums within banks as well as industry-wide forums should be used in order to ensure that the implementation of a regulation that impacts the entire credit industry is implemented with all stakeholders to limit any possible misinterpretation of key sections of a new regulation. © 2013, Virtus Interpress. All Rights Reserved.	First National Bank; Home loans; South Africa; The National Credit Act	None	None
None	None	Linking environment and livelihood: Process and impact of hydrological drought in the Usangu-Mtera ecosystem, Tanzania	Malley Z.J.U.	2009	International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development	8	1	10.1504/IJESD.2009.023712	Ministry of Agriculture, Food Security and Cooperatives, Agricultural Research Institute-Uyole, P.O. Box 400, Mbeya, Tanzania	Malley, Z.J.U., Ministry of Agriculture, Food Security and Cooperatives, Agricultural Research Institute-Uyole, P.O. Box 400, Mbeya, Tanzania	Environmental sustainability is one of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals for sustainable development. Since 1993, Tanzania experienced hydrological drought in Mtera reservoir, which impacted sustainability of socio-economic development and livelihoods of the people. The causes and process of the hydrological drought occurrence for energy generation are contested among the stakeholders. This paper analyses causes, process and impact of hydrological drought and links them using observational, qualitative and quantitative data, from the Usangu-Mtera eco-system. Furthermore, lessons for enhanced environmental and socio-economic development sustainability are discussed. Long-term gradual environmental change is linked to the hydrological drought. Annual rainfall amounts in southwestern watershed accounted for 64% of variations in water levels in the Mtera reservoir. Decline in river flows and increased short duration floods; indicate reduced rainfall infiltration for recharging underground aquifers. Expansion of reservoir capacity for conserving excess run-off is required. Empowerment of local communities in environmental governance is needed. Copyright © 2009 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Energy generation in Kidatu; Gradual environmental change; Hydrological change; Rainfall amounts; Southwestern watersheds; Sustainable socio-economic development; Underground aquifers; Water levels	None	None
None	None	Impact of African Swine fever epidemics in smallholder pig production units in Rombo district of Kilimanjaro, Tanzania	Swai E.S., Lyimo C.J.	2014	Livestock Research for Rural Development	26	2	None	Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Development, PO Box 9152, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania; District Livestock Office, PO Box 287, Mkuu Rombo, Tanzania	Swai, E.S., Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Development, PO Box 9152, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania; Lyimo, C.J., District Livestock Office, PO Box 287, Mkuu Rombo, Tanzania	Animal diseases have multiple direct and indirect effects on human livelihood, health and welfare. Animal disease outbreaks also pose significant threats to the profitability of livestock production throughout the world, both from the point of economic impacts of the disease itself and the measures taken to mitigate the risk of disease introduction and control measures applied in the event of an outbreak. A study to evaluate the impact of an African swine fever (ASF) outbreak in smallholder pig units in Rombo district of Kilimanjaro, Tanzania was conducted during the period of October 2013. The study involved 1085 smallholder farmers who owned pigs (n=5322) at different ages and stages of maturity during the period of March to September 2013. Information on the number of pigs owned pre- and post the ASF outbreak was collected through face-to-face interviews, direct farm observations and secondary data were retrieved from various district livestock office reports. This survey revealed that the pig density in Rombo district was 17/km2 and average herd size to be 5 (range, 1- 57), higher than the national average of 3 (range 2-48). The overall revenue accrued from sales of live pigs and pork between 2005-2012 amounted to Tsh 65 million to 102 million and 257 million to 566 million per annum, respectively. Mortality losses specifically arising from the ASF outbreak were 84% (range 46-97) and on average the number of pigs lost per household was 4 (range 1-50). Translation of such mortality figures into financial terms produces a loss of Tsh 160.632 million, indicating that ASF is a deadly and devastating disease that can disrupt the pig industry and the entire local economy. This study established that small-scale pig production is an important source of livelihood in many households and contributes to the value chain in rural areas of Rombo district. Given the transboundary nature of the disease (fast spreading and respecting no border), the study recommends that, in any future intervention, effort should be directed at the prevention of infection at source; early detection of the disease when it occurs; timely reporting and rapid response by involving a wide range of stakeholders at district, regional, national and international levels. At farm level, good husbandry and biosecurity practices such as confinement of pigs though construction of adequate housing, avoiding contaminated feed and water, appropriate disposal of carcasses, prohibition of slaughter, movement ban, establishment of check points and decontamination procedures using known and proven quality disinfection should be given high priority, as there is currently no vaccine available.	Disease; Economics; Impact; Mortality; Outbreak; Viral	None	None
None	None	Hatchery hygiene evaluation by questionnaire and microbiological screening of hatchery samples	Swai E.S., Sanka P.N., Daborn C.J.	2013	Livestock Research for Rural Development	25	7	None	Ministry of Livestock Development and Fisheries, Box 9152, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania; Veterinary Investigation Centre, PO Box 1068, Arusha, Tanzania; Tropical Veterinary Services, PO Box 266, Karatu, Tanzania	Swai, E.S., Ministry of Livestock Development and Fisheries, Box 9152, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania; Sanka, P.N., Veterinary Investigation Centre, PO Box 1068, Arusha, Tanzania; Daborn, C.J., Tropical Veterinary Services, PO Box 266, Karatu, Tanzania	Questionnaire and microbiological-based surveys were conducted, during the period of March to August 2011, in 5 commercial broiler and layer hatcheries located in northern Tanzania to evaluate hatchery hygiene. Information on farm/hatchery history, hygienic practices and bio-security measures employed was collected. Hatchery samples (n=59), comprising day old dead chicks (DOC), dead-in-shell embryos (DES) and walls/ premises swabs (SWB), were aseptically collected for detailed bacteriological screening. Both non-selective (nutrient plate agar), selective and differential media (MacConkey agar plate) prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions, were employed to differentiate between Gram-positive, Gram-negative and lactose fermenting organisms. Culture positive colonies were characterized further using Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) in order to establish the presence of enteric based pathogens. Overall, 3 units in Kilimanjaro and 2 units in Arusha were visited and bio-security measures reported to be used in order to avoid disease occurrence was routine usage of disinfectants (n=4; 80%), strict entry prohibition of non-authorized personnel (n=4; 80%), avoidance of mixing birds of different production purposes together (i.e. layers viz broilers, n=1; 20%) and change of clothes after each unit operation (n=1; 20%). The most cited targeted areas for disinfection were unit floor (n=5; 100%) and poultry and hatchery walls (n=4; 80%). The colonies that grow on the agar plates were about 2-4mm in size, irregular and whitish in colour. Stained colonies revealed that Gram negative bacteria were the commonest microorganisms, comprising 92% of all culture positives. Pathogen isolation rate was highest in hatchery D followed by hatcheries A, C and B with negative results in hatchery E. The isolation rate was highest in the DOC and DES derived samples and lowest in the SWB samples. Characterisation of positive culture samples, using the TSI biochemical test, revealed the following proportions of bacterial agents: Proteus vulgaris (60.7%), Enterobacter aerogenes (42.8%), Enterobacter cloacae (17.8%), Salmonella vulgaris (10.7%) and Salmonella typhi (7.1%). The high isolation rate and wide range of microbial pathogens found by this survey, reveals a serious problem of inadequate biosecurity practice indicating that there is considerable room for improvement in hatchery operations particularly with regards to hygiene and sanitation. Adequate training of hatchery operators is needed to raise awareness of the crucial role hygiene and biosecurity plays in ensuring high chick quality and their consequent survivability rates.	Commercial hatchery; Microbiological screening; Poultry; Tanzania	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874276052	GRP bolting: Application and performance	Ferreira P.	2012	Tunnels and Tunnelling International	None	NOV	None	Minova RSA, South Africa	Ferreira, P., Minova RSA, South Africa	Pete Ferreira of Minova RSA argues the case of glass fiber reinforced plastic rockbolts and call for more research to be done on tunnelling applications. GRP bolt technology has since found widespread application in mining and civil engineering. Compared to steel, GRP has advantages that can be traced to the properties of the composite material. GRP bolts simply consist of a composite of resin and fiber that is manufactured through the pultrusion manufacturing process which was developed in the early 1970s. FiReP fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) Powermesh was developed to comply with standard grid applications while providing the added benefits of durability and cut ability. High load capacity at each joint, compared to that of welded mesh, is unique and makes the design of FRP grid reinforced concrete structures a viable option for engineers and mining support structures.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84876928084	Evaluation of chemical, botanical and cultural managements of termites control	Tasisa J., Gobena T.	2013	World Applied Sciences Journal	22	4	10.5829/idosi.wasj.2013.22.04.1220	Mizan-Tepi University, P.O. Box 260, Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia; West Wollega Zone Agricultural Office, Ghimbi, Ethiopia	Tasisa, J., Mizan-Tepi University, P.O. Box 260, Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia; Gobena, T., West Wollega Zone Agricultural Office, Ghimbi, Ethiopia	The study was conducted at Bojdi Dirmaji District, Wollega Zone (Western Ethiopia) using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Eight different treatments of chemical, botanical and cultural control methods independently and in combinations were evaluated to identify the most effective method which is environmentally sustainable and economically feasible in controlling the termite problems. The data were collected over 12 weeks and analysis of variance showed significant difference among the treatments for all parameters. Maesa lanceolata 100 gm alone showed lower percent damage between 2-8 weeks (33.3%), later on after 9-12 weeks it become non significant and the destructed mound was recovered. Mound treated with Diazinon 60% EC at the rate of 25 ml and 20 ml alone and Diazinon 60% EC combination with queen removal at rate of 15 ml and 10 ml showed significant control overall the treatment. From the results of the study the lower rate of Diazinon 60% EC (10 ml per mound) and queen removal could be better option to manage the termite problem and could be more sustainable and integrated manner in the study area. © IDOSI Publications, 2013.	Botanical; Isopteran; Maesa lanceolata; Social insects; Termites	None	None
WoS	WOS:000226574200004	Evaluation criteria for district health management information systems: lessons from the Ministry of Health, Kenya	Odhiambo-Otieno, GW	2005	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INFORMATICS	74	1	10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2004.09.003	Moi University	None	Introduction: There has been no comprehensive evaluation of the district health management information systems (DHMISs) since the establishment of these systems by the Ministry of Health (MoH), in Kenya. This is partly due to lack of defined criteria for evaluating the systems. The objective of this study is to design evaluation criteria for assessing the viability, sustainability and ultimate contribution of DHMIS in the management of the district health system (DHS) in Kenya. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken in three DHSs in Kenya. Empirical evidence was collected through interviews, complemented by a comprehensive review of relevant literature, reports and operational manuals of various health information systems in Kenya. Results: A set of evaluation criteria for DHMISs in Kenya was designed for each of the three phases of implementation: phase one-pre-implementation evaluation criteria (categorized as policy and objectives, technical feasibility.. financial viability, political viability and administrative operability) to be applied at the design stage; phase two-concurrent (operational) implementation evaluation criteria to be applied during implementation of the new system; phase three post-implementation evaluation criteria (classified as internal-quality of information; external-resources and managerial support; ultimate-systems impact) to be applied after operating the implemented system for at least 3 years. Conclusions: In designing a DHMIS model there is need to have built-in these three sets of evaluation criteria which should be used in a phased manner. Preimplementation evaluation criteria should be used to evaluate the system's viability before more resources are committed to its implementation; concurrent (operational) implementation evaluation criteria should be used to ascertain the status of the on-going implementation with the view to either fine-tune or abandon it altogether before more resources are used on it; and post-implementation evaluation criteria should be used to assess its overall effectiveness (if it has achieved its hypothesized benefits) towards the management of DHS. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.	"DISTRICT HEALTH MANAGEMENT","district health system","evaluation criteria","INFORMATION SYSTEM"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84958012809	Impact of a short biostatistics course on knowledge and performance of postgraduate scholars: Implications for training of African doctors and biomedical researchers	Chima S.C., Nkwanyana N.M., Esterhuizen T.M.	2015	Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice	18	7	10.4103/1119-3077.170818	Programme of Bio and Research Ethics and Medical Law, School of Nursing and Public Health, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	Chima, S.C., Programme of Bio and Research Ethics and Medical Law, School of Nursing and Public Health, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Nkwanyana, N.M., Programme of Bio and Research Ethics and Medical Law, School of Nursing and Public Health, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Esterhuizen, T.M., Programme of Bio and Research Ethics and Medical Law, School of Nursing and Public Health, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	Background and Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the impact of a short biostatistics course on knowledge and performance of statistical analysis by biomedical researchers in Africa. It is recognized that knowledge of biostatistics is essential for understanding and interpretation of modern scientific literature and active participation in the global research enterprise. Unfortunately, it has been observed that basic education of African scholars may be deficient in applied mathematics including biostatistics. Materials and Methods: Forty university affiliated biomedical researchers from South Africa volunteered for a 4-day short-course where participants were exposed to lectures on descriptive and inferential biostatistics and practical training on using a statistical software package for data analysis. A quantitative questionnaire was used to evaluate participants' statistical knowledge and performance pre- and post-course. Changes in knowledge and performance were measured using objective and subjective criteria. Data from completed questionnaires were captured and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Participants' pre- and post-course data were compared using nonparametric Wilcoxon signed ranks tests for nonnormally distributed variables. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Baseline testing of statistical knowledge showed a median score of 0, with 75th percentile at 28.6%, and a maximum score of 71.4%. Postcourse evaluation revealed improvement in participants' core knowledge with the median score increasing to 28.5%; and the 75th percentile score to 85.7%; signifying improved understanding of statistical concepts and ability to carry out data analyses. Conclusions: This study just showed poor baseline knowledge of biostatistics among postgraduate scholars and health science researchers in this cohort and highlights the potential benefits of short-courses in biostatistics to improve the knowledge and skills of biomedical researchers and scholars in Africa. © 2015 Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow.	Africa; Biostatistics; Doctors; Medical ethics; Research; Researchers; Students	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84856182920	Instrumented drop weight impact on cotton, cotton/flax and cotton/glass composites	Wambua P., Anandjiwala R.	2011	International Review of Mechanical Engineering	5	3	None	Moi University, Department of Manufacturing, Industrial and Textile Engineering, P.O Box 3900, Eldoret, Kenya; CSIR Materials Science and Manufacturing, P.O Box 1124, Port Elizabeth 6000, South Africa; Department of Textile Science, Faculty of Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa	Wambua, P., Moi University, Department of Manufacturing, Industrial and Textile Engineering, P.O Box 3900, Eldoret, Kenya; Anandjiwala, R., CSIR Materials Science and Manufacturing, P.O Box 1124, Port Elizabeth 6000, South Africa, Department of Textile Science, Faculty of Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa	This paper investigates the low velocity impact response of cotton, flax/cotton and glass/cotton hybrid composites. The composites were prepared by compression moulding and cut to dimensions specified by the Boeing impact test specification. All the specimens were impacted at 17, 26, 44, 62 and 77J energy levels on an Instron dynatup 9250HV drop weight impact tower by a hemispherical impactor head. Impulse software was used in data acquisition and analysis of results. The cotton and flax/cotton composites mainly failed through cracking, tensile fracture and delamination, while glass/cotton hybrid composites failed by deflecting and delamination. The glass/cotton composites were not penetrated and did not fracture even at high impact energy levels. © 2011 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved.	Composites; Cotton; Flax; Glass; Hybrid; Instrumented drop weight	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84886677429	HIV/AIDS and its impact on education in sub-Saharan Africa: Policy initiatives and challenges	Ayiro L.	2012	International Perspectives on Education and Society	18	None	10.1108/S1479-3679(2012)0000018004	Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya	Ayiro, L., Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya	Impact mitigation strategies in sub-Saharan Africa on HIV/AIDS in the education sector involved initially the development of education sector policies. This study traces the policy development initiatives, level of implementation, progress made and existing challenges. The study is based on a close (textual) reading of authoritative literature from United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), World Bank, UNESCO and UNICEF for the last decade on global monitoring of HIV/AIDS and statistical data. Studies on the impact of HIV/AIDS on the education sector in sub-Saharan Africa have been brought into focus and themes have been extracted and synthesised from a comparative perspective to guide the development of this chapter. Across the countries, the education sector HIV/AIDS policies had concurrence with the countries' national HIV and AIDS policy or guidelines, and conformed to international conventions, national laws, policies, guidelines and regulations. Most of the countries in Sub-Saharan Africa showed a significant decline in HIV prevalence among young women or men and opportunities to improve HIVprevention knowledge and behaviour still abound. Antiretroviral therapy and other types of treatment have expanded since the early 2000s, but the number of AIDS-related deaths remains high. This chapter fulfils an identified information/resources need and amplifies the progress achieved in the mitigation of the impact of HIV/AIDS on the education sector specifically and humanity in general. Copyright © 2012 by Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897899864	Oral storytelling and national kinship: Reflections on the oral narrative performance in the Kenya Schools and Colleges Drama Festivals	Opondo R.A.	2014	Tydskrif vir Letterkunde	51	1	10.4314/tvl.v51i1.11	Moi University, Kenya	Opondo, R.A., Moi University, Kenya	The story, in the form of the oral narrative, has always been a communalizing genre in the traditional African setting. It then functioned as a tool that brings together not only the artist and the particular audience, but also the entire community within which the performances are derived and performed. However, postcolonial, modern and global situations have greatly impacted on the traditional kinship structures in Africa and kinship fostering tools like the African oral narrative have not been spared. The introduction of the oral storytelling onto the proscenium stage in the Kenya Schools and Colleges Drama Festivals (KSCDF) has contributed to perpetuate the performance of this genre to significant degrees. This move has not only recalled attention to oral narratives, but also has revolutionized the performance and functional aspects of oral storytelling. Various aspects of the oral narrative genre have changed, from the multi-ethnic audience to the elaborate narrative structures and the varying orientations of the oral artists in KSCDF. The dramatic elements of the narrative have also been enhanced to justify its inclusion within the wider dramatic genre. This article investigates the structural and thematic reorientations of the contemporary Kenyan oral narrative and how it influences the reorientations of kinship in a postcolonial reality characterized by heterogeneous consumer audience and the need for national commonality. The aim is to understand the reorientations of oral storytelling and its scripted machinations of multi-ethnicity woven into the narrative as part of its contemporarily requisite features; the question is whether or not these reorientations enable the ideological adoption of some form of kinship across the diverse ethnic groups in Kenya.	Kenya Schools and Colleges Drama Festivals; Kinship; Oral narrative performance; Textual manipulation	None	None
WoS	WOS:000308537100023	Process and Outcome Evaluation of a Community Intervention for Orphan Adolescents in Western Kenya	Cho, Hyunsan,Hallfors, Denise D.,Itindi, Janet,Mbai, Isabella,Milimo, Benson	2012	JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH	37	5	10.1007/s10900-012-9548-x	Moi University, Pacific Institute for Research & Evaluation (PIRE), Pacific Inst Res & Evaluat	"Itindi, Janet: Moi University","Mbai, Isabella: Moi University","Milimo, Benson: Moi University",	We conducted a 2-year pilot randomized controlled trial (N = 105) in a high HIV-prevalence area in rural western Kenya to test whether providing young orphan adolescents with uniforms, school fees, and community visitors improves school retention and reduces HIV risk factors. The trial was a community intervention, limited to one community. In this paper, we examined intervention implementation and its association with outcomes using longitudinal data. We used both quantitative and qualitative methods to evaluate the community-based model for orphan HIV prevention, with recommendations for future studies. Despite promising effects after 1 year, GEE analyses showed effects after 2 years. Volunteer community visitors, a key element of the intervention, showed little of the expected effect although qualitative reports documented active assistance to prevent orphans' school absence. For future research, we recommend capturing the transition to high school, a larger sample size, and biomarker data to add strength to the research design. We also recommend a school-based intervention approach to improve implementation and reduce infrastructure costs. Finally, we recommend evaluating nurses as agents for improving school attendance and preventing dropout because of their unique ability to address critical biopsychosocial problems.	"ADOLESCENT HEALTH","community-based intervention","global health","HIV/AIDS PREVENTION","RURAL HEALTH",BEHAVIOR,GIRLS,HIV,"RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL",RISK,SCHOOL,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA",YOUNG-WOMEN,ZIMBABWE	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-65549150059	The self-concept and academic performance of institutionalized and non-institutionalized HIV/AIDS orphaned children in Kisumu municipality	Kimani Chege G., Cheboswony M., Kodero H.M., Misigo B.L.	2009	Educational Research and Reviews	4	3	None	Moi University, School of Education, P.O. Box 3900, 30100 Eldoret, Kenya	Kimani Chege, G., Moi University, School of Education, P.O. Box 3900, 30100 Eldoret, Kenya; Cheboswony, M., Moi University, School of Education, P.O. Box 3900, 30100 Eldoret, Kenya; Kodero, H.M., Moi University, School of Education, P.O. Box 3900, 30100 Eldoret, Kenya; Misigo, B.L., Moi University, School of Education, P.O. Box 3900, 30100 Eldoret, Kenya	The HIV/AIDS pandemic has increasingly become a major factor in the emergence of orphans in the developing countries. These orphans are usually traumatized due to the multiple losses, isolation, stigma and grief. The study sought to investigate the effect of institutionalization of children on the self-concept of the AIDS-orphaned children and to investigate the relationship between self-concept and academic performance of the AIDS-orphaned children. The ex-post-facto research design was adopted. A total of 138 orphaned pupils that is 67 boys and 71 girls participated in the study. The study was based on Rogers' (1951) theory on self-concept. Data was analyzed using the t - test and the correlation coefficient. The study found out that there was a difference in self-concept and academic performance between pupils orphaned by HIV/AIDS living in institutions and those living with extended families, guardian homes and in parental homes. The difference in self-concept was not significant but the institutionalized orphans performed better academically than those who are non-institutionalized. The study recommended that since stigma and discrimination is still very rampant in schools, children should be taught against such behaviors to avoid orphans feeling different, and they should be treated as ordinary children. This would enhance their self-concept and academic performance. © 2009 Academic Journals.	Academic performance; Institutionalization non-institutionalization; Selfconcept	None	None
WoS	WOS:000344206200017	One-year evaluation of the impact of an emergency obstetric and neonatal care training program in Western Kenya	Bocking, Alan D.,Caloia, David,Chemwolo, Benjamin,Christoffersen-Deb, Astrid,Maina, Loise,Omenge, Elkanah,Sitters, Johanna,Spitzer, Rachel F.,Steele, Sarah Jane,Thorne, Julie,Yarmoshuk, Aaron	2014	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY &amp; OBSTETRICS	127	2	10.1016/j.ijgo.2014.05.023	Moi University, University of Toronto	"Bocking, Alan D.: University of Toronto","Caloia, David: University of Toronto","Omenge, Elkanah: Moi University","Spitzer, Rachel F.: University of Toronto","Steele, Sarah Jane: University of Toronto","Thorne, Julie: University of Toronto","Yarmoshuk, Aaron: University of Toronto",	Objective: To determine the impact of introducing an emergency obstetric and neonatal care training program on maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldora Kenya. Methods: A prospective chart review was conducted of all deliveries during the 3-month period (November 2009 to January 2010) before the introduction of the Advances in Labor and Risk Management International Program (AIP), and in the 3-month period (August-November 2011) 1 year after the introduction of the AIP. All women who were admitted and delivered after 28 weeks of pregnancy were included. The primary outcome was the direct obstetric case fatality rate. Results: A total of 1741 deliveries occurred during the baseline period and 1812 in the post-intervention period. Only one mother died in each period. However, postpartum hemorrhage rates decreased, affecting 59 (3.5%) of 1669 patients before implementation and 40 (2.3%) of 1751 afterwards (P = 0.029). The number of patients who received oxytocin increased from 829 (47.6%) to 1669 (92.1%; P&lt; 0.001). Additionally, the number of neonates with 5-minute Apgar scores of less than 5 reduced from 133 (7.7%) of 1717 to 95 (5.4%) of 1745 (P = 0.006). Conclusion: The introduction of the AIP improved maternal outcomes. There were significant differences related to use of oxytocin and postpartum hemorrhage. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. on behalf of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.	"Emergency obstetric and neonatal care (EmONC)",evaluation,"MATERNAL MORBIDITY","MATERNAL MORTALITY",OBSTETRICS,TRAINING,"CLUSTER-RANDOMIZED TRIAL",MALI,"MATERNAL MORTALITY",QUALITY-OF-CARE,QUARITE,RISK-MANAGEMENT,SENEGAL,TECHNOLOGY	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84938976854	Impact of social norms and social support on diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviour of adolescents: A scoping review	Draper C.E., Grobler L., Micklesfield L.K., Norris S.A.	2015	Child: Care, Health and Development	41	5	10.1111/cch.12241	MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Draper, C.E., MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Grobler, L., Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Micklesfield, L.K., MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Norris, S.A., MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	The prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in adulthood is rapidly increasing, and it is essential that risk factors for NCDs be addressed in adolescence, both for the health of individuals during adolescence and for their health in later life. These risk factors include diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviour. No literature has been published that comprehensively summarizes the impact of social norms and social support on these behaviours among adolescents. Therefore, a scoping review was conducted to determine the extent of recent (since 2000) literature available on this topic. A comprehensive search strategy was used to search PubMed and EMBASE for eligible reviews. Review papers (narrative reviews, systematic and non-systematic reviews) published in English in peer-reviewed journals from 2000 to February 2013 were included in the overview. Two of the authors screened the titles and abstracts of the search results independently. Thirty reviews were included in the scoping review. This scoping review has shown sufficient evidence for parental influences, and especially the positive impact of an authoritative parenting style, on healthy behaviours of adolescents, although the evidence is somewhat more compelling for diet than for physical activity and sedentary behaviour. More research is needed to investigate parental and family influences on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. And the effect of peer influences on diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviour of adolescents requires further investigation. The evidence presented affirms the consideration of social norms and social support in the development of interventions to address these behaviours in adolescents. The evidence regarding parenting style provides some concrete guidance for such interventions. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.	Adolescents; Diet; Physical activity; Sedentary behaviour	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939950343	Factors to consider when assessing diurnal variation in sports performance: the influence of chronotype and habitual training time-of-day	Rae D.E., Stephenson K.J., Roden L.C.	2015	European Journal of Applied Physiology	115	6	10.1007/s00421-015-3109-9	MRC/UCT Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa	Rae, D.E., MRC/UCT Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Stephenson, K.J., MRC/UCT Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Roden, L.C., Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa	Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare morning and evening time-trial performance, RPE and mood state of trained swimmers, taking into account chronotype, habitual training time-of-day and PERIOD3 (PER3) variable number tandem repeat genotype.Methods: Twenty-six swimmers (18 males, age: 32.6 ± 5.7 years) swam 200 m time trials (TT) at 06h30 and 18h30 in a randomised order.Results: There was no difference between morning and evening performance when the swimmers were considered as a single group (06h30: 158.8 ± 22.7 s, 18h30: 158.5 ± 22.0 s, p = 0.611). However, grouping swimmers by chronotype and habitual training time-of-day allowed us to detect significant diurnal variation in performance, such that morning-type swimmers and those who habitually train in the morning were faster in the 06h30 TT (p = 0.036 and p = 0.011, respectively). This was accompanied by lower ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) scores post-warm-up, higher vigour and lower fatigues scores prior to the 06h30 TT in morning-type swimmers or those who trained in the morning. Similarly, neither types and those who trained in the evenings had lower fatigue and higher vigour prior to the 18h30 TT.Conclusions: It appears that both chronotype and habitual training time-of-day need to be considered when assessing diurnal variation in performance. From a practical point of view, athletes and coaches should be aware of the potentially powerful effect of training time on shifting time-of-day variation in performance. © 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.	Chronobiology; Habitual training; Morning types; Neither types; PER3 VNTR	None	National Research Foundation; MRC, National Research Foundation
WoS	WOS:000288998900005	Community resource centres in Mtwara, Lindi and Ruvuma regions in Tanzania: an evaluation of their development needs, usefulness, and the way forward	Charbonneau, DH,Mcharazo, Alli A. S.	2008	GLOBAL INFORMATION INEQUALITIES: BRIDGING THE INFORMATION GAP	None	None	None	Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci	None	None	None	None	None
None	None	Impact of China’s cooperation: The case of Chinese garages in Tanzania	Kinyondo G., Chatama Y.J.	2015	Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies	8	1	10.1108/JCEFTS-01-2015-0003	Mzumbe University, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Kinyondo, G., Mzumbe University, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Chatama, Y.J., Mzumbe University, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to investigate China’s motive for its relations with Africa. Within that broad framework, the paper investigates China–Tanzania cooperation from an economic and social development perspective. It analyses the status of Chinese investments and, more specifically, it focuses on the increasing numbers of Chinese garages and assesses whether they have positive spill-over towards achievement of sustainable development. Design/methodology/approach – Case study was used; it involves an up-close, in-depth and detailed examination of the growth of Chinese garages in Tanzania, as well as its related contextual conditions including the overall impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the vehicle repair sector in Tanzania. Scholarly works from various sources including researchers as well as authoritative reports were consulted. Findings – The paper shows that there is an increase in Chinese garage investment which has brought significant benefits such as technology spill-over, increased employment albeit at low-level pay as well as functioning as a stimulus for Tanzanian self-employment. Practical implications – A free market environment which attracts significant FDI including Chinese garages should be strengthened. Chinese garages should not employ Chinese when there are Tanzanians with required expertise. Further research on the long history of relations between Tanzania and Scandinavian countries is better for comparison. Originality/value – The paper presents original findings based on scholarly work related to the growth of Chinese garage investments in Tanzania. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	China investments; China–Tanzania cooperation; Chinese garage in Tanzania; Garage investments	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84929257117	Structural and photoelectrochemical properties of p-Cu<inf>2</inf>O nano-surfaces prepared by oxidizing copper sheets with a slow heating rate exhibiting the highest photocurrent and H<inf>2</inf> evaluation rate	Liyanaarachchi U.S., Fernando C.A.N., Foo K.L., Hashim U., Maza M.	2015	Chinese Journal of Physics	53	2	10.6122/CJP.20141222B	Nano-Technology Research Lab, Department of Electronics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Kuliyapitiya, Sri Lanka; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering (INEE), University of Malaysia Perlis (UNIMAP), Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia; UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chairin Nano sciences/Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Pretoria, South Africa; Nano sciences African Network iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Old Faure Road, Western Cape Province, South Africa	Liyanaarachchi, U.S., Nano-Technology Research Lab, Department of Electronics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Kuliyapitiya, Sri Lanka; Fernando, C.A.N., Nano-Technology Research Lab, Department of Electronics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Kuliyapitiya, Sri Lanka; Foo, K.L., Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering (INEE), University of Malaysia Perlis (UNIMAP), Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia; Hashim, U., Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering (INEE), University of Malaysia Perlis (UNIMAP), Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia; Maza, M., UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chairin Nano sciences/Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Pretoria, South Africa, Nano sciences African Network iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Old Faure Road, Western Cape Province, South Africa	Well cleaned commercially available copper sheets were heated maintaining different temperature profile heating rates for fabricating p-Cu<inf>2</inf>O nano-surfaces. Initially a heating rate of 10 °C min-1 was provided inside the furnace with copper sheets starting from room temperature until the temperature reached, respectively, 300 °C, 400 °C, 450 °C, and 700 °C, then the temperature was kept constant for 30 min, and then cooled down to room temperature. A single phase nano-p-Cu<inf>2</inf>O was found for the 300 °C, 400 °C, and 450 °C temperature profiles, this may be due to maintaining a slow heating rate avoiding the formation of CuO. Samples prepared from 700 °C temperature profile contained both the p-Cu<inf>2</inf>O and CuO phases. Different surface morphology changes were observed from the AFM micrographs for the samples prepared with the different temperature profiles. A photo-current enhancement was found for the photoelectrochemical cell (PEC) with p-Cu<inf>2</inf>O nano-surfaces produced from the 450 °C temperature profile in comparison to that of the samples prepared from the other temperature profiles. Material characterization from XRD, AFM, FTIR spectra, diffuse reflectance spectra, VI characteristics, time development of the photo-current, Mott-Schottky plots, and estimated band positions were presented for discussing the mechanism of the photo-current enhancement and the highest H<inf>2</inf> generation for the 450 °C temperature profile produced p-Cu<inf>2</inf>O PEC. The highest photocurrent (≈ 10 mAcm-2) and H<inf>2</inf> evolution rate (≈ 130×10-4 Moles l-1min-1) was observed in the presence of a 1 M Na<inf>2</inf>SO<inf>4</inf> electrolyte buffered at a pH of 4.9 with a biased voltage -0:4 V vs Ag/AgCl for the nano-surfaces produced from the 450 °C temperature profile, with comparison to the recently reported highest H<inf>2</inf> evolution rate and highest photocurrent studied by Gratzel and co-workers [A. Parachino, V. Laporte, K. Sivula, M. Gratzel, and E. Thimsen, Nature. Mat. 10, 456 (2011)] providing the same experimental conditions that they have maintained in their experimental work. © 2015 THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84922269512	Impact of accreditation on public and private universities: a comparative study	Dattey K., Westerheijden D.F., Hofman W.H.A.	2014	Tertiary Education and Management	20	4	10.1080/13583883.2014.959037	National Accreditation Board, Accra, Ghana; Center for Higher Education Policy Studies, Universiteit Twente, Enschede, Netherlands; Centre for Learning and Teaching, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands	Dattey, K., National Accreditation Board, Accra, Ghana; Westerheijden, D.F., Center for Higher Education Policy Studies, Universiteit Twente, Enschede, Netherlands; Hofman, W.H.A., Centre for Learning and Teaching, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands	Based on two cycles of assessments for accreditation, this study assesses the differential impacts of accreditation on public and private universities in Ghana. Analysis of the evaluator reports indicates no statistically significant difference – improvement or deterioration – between the two cycles of evaluations for both types of institutions. A test comparing the two-cycle aggregated assessment scores between the two categories of universities, however, indicated a significant difference, with the public universities achieving better scores (improvements). Drawing on the evaluators’ reports and the opinions expressed by academics from both categories of institutions, the conclusion was that isomorphic pressures, largely faced by the private universities, accounted for their implementation of suggestions for improvement by the evaluators. © 2014, © 2014 European Higher Education Society.	accreditation; impact; isomorphism	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960095934	Monitoring of cholinesterase inhibition among retailers of agrochemicals in Northeastern Nigeria	Hotton A.J., Barminas J.T., Osemeahon S.A., Aboki T.	2010	European Journal of Scientific Research	46	1	None	National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control, P.M.B 1018, Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria; Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B 2076, Yola, Adamawa, State, Nigeria; Department of Pediatric, Federal Medical Centre	Hotton, A.J., National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control, P.M.B 1018, Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria; Barminas, J.T., Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B 2076, Yola, Adamawa, State, Nigeria; Osemeahon, S.A., Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B 2076, Yola, Adamawa, State, Nigeria; Aboki, T., Department of Pediatric, Federal Medical Centre, P.M. B1052, Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria	We asses cholinesterase level on retailers of pesticide in Northeastern Nigeria, evaluated the prevalence of symptoms and relate levels of inhibition to reported symptoms. Medical evaluation questionnaires were administered to 100 exposed retailers and control. Extracted information included name, sex, age, duration of trade, hygienic behavior, protective clothing and educational levels. The acetycholinesterase activity was measured for both categories at low and high exposure period. 68% of the exposed had poor hygienic behavior with low education and 8% use of overall. 84% of the exposed retailers had change in acetycholinesterase inhibition (≥30%). The grouping on year of involvement in trade shows high inhibition in the exposed, 1-3 years (36.2%) and 3-6 years (40.4%). Symptom prevalence was higher during high exposure, respiratory (18.4%), Central nervous system (16%), eye (15.2%) and cardiovascular (15%) with a significant change in the control. The increase symptom prevalence was found at acetylcholinesterase activities considered to be no adverse compared to WHO threshold of 70% baseline red blood cell. In conclusion, retailers of pesticide in Northeastern Nigeria may have been occupationally exposed due to the sales and handling of pesticide; and the exposure at times is of such magnitude as to be hazardous to retailers. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2010.	Cholinesterase inhibition; Health effect; Pesticide retailers	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84865541913	Thermal performance of four types of water heating flat plate solar collectors for providing process heat for milk pasteurisation	Wayua F.O., Okoth M.W., Wangoh J.	2012	Journal of Applied Sciences Research	8	5	None	National Arid Lands Research Centre, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 147 (60500), Marsabit, Kenya; Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Technology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053 (00625), Nairobi, Kenya	Wayua, F.O., National Arid Lands Research Centre, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 147 (60500), Marsabit, Kenya; Okoth, M.W., Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Technology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053 (00625), Nairobi, Kenya; Wangoh, J., National Arid Lands Research Centre, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 147 (60500), Marsabit, Kenya	Thermal performance tests were carried out on four water heating flat plate solar collectors with the aim to select a suitable one to be used to provide process heat for milk pasteurisation. The collectors included three commercial solar collectors purchased from local shops in Nairobi, Kenya and one prototype collector designed and fabricated by the author. The three commercial solar collectors had effective areas of 1.67, 1.87 and 1.83 m 2 while the self-made collector had an effective area of 1.60 m 2. Thermal performance of the collectors was determined in terms of the Hottel-Whillier-Bliss equation, with FR(tα)e and F RU L indicating how energy is absorbed and lost from the collector, respectively. The FR(tα)e values were 0.76, 0.75, 0.73, and 0.82, respectively, for the commercial collectors and the self-made collector. The F RU L values were 8.33, 12.01, 9.80 and 13.77 W.m -2.C -1, respectively. The instantaneous efficiencies for the four solar collectors ranged from 12 to 87%. The solar collector with the lowest F RU L value had a special (black chrome) selective absorber surface and was also the most cost effective collector for delivering temperatures of about 80°C. This collector is the most suitable for medium temperature applications such as provision of hot water for milk pasteurisation.	Flat-plate solar collectors; Thermal performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-66949141795	The global gas and dust budget of the Large Magellanic Cloud: AGB stars and supernovae, and the impact on the ISM evolution	Matsuura M., Barlow M.J., Zijlstra A.A., Whitelock P.A., Cioni M.-R.L., Groenewegen M.A.T., Volk K., Kemper F., Kodama T., Lagadec E., Meixner M., Sloan G.C., Srinivasan S.	2009	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society	396	2	10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14743.x	National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Osawa 2-21-1, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom; Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Street, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom; South African Astronomical Observatory, PO Box 9, 7935 Observatory, South Africa; NASSP, Astronomy Department, University of Cape Town, 7701 Rondebosch, South Africa; Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Cape Town, 7701 Rondebosch, South Africa; Centre for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, United Kingdom; Royal Observatory of Belgium, Ringlaan 3, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium; Gemini Observatory, Hilo, HI 96720, United States; Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States; Astronomy Department, Cornell University, 610 Space Sciences Building, Ithaca, NY 14853-6801, United States; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Homewood Campus, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States	Matsuura, M., National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Osawa 2-21-1, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom; Barlow, M.J., Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom; Zijlstra, A.A., Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Street, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom; Whitelock, P.A., South African Astronomical Observatory, PO Box 9, 7935 Observatory, South Africa, NASSP, Astronomy Department, University of Cape Town, 7701 Rondebosch, South Africa, Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Cape Town, 7701 Rondebosch, South Africa; Cioni, M.-R.L., Centre for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, United Kingdom; Groenewegen, M.A.T., Royal Observatory of Belgium, Ringlaan 3, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium; Volk, K., Gemini Observatory, Hilo, HI 96720, United States; Kemper, F., Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Street, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom; Kodama, T., National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Osawa 2-21-1, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; Lagadec, E., Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Street, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom; Meixner, M., Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States; Sloan, G.C., Astronomy Department, Cornell University, 610 Space Sciences Building, Ithaca, NY 14853-6801, United States; Srinivasan, S., Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Homewood Campus, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States	We report on an analysis of the gas and dust budget in the interstellar medium (ISM) of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). Recent observations from the Spitzer Space Telescope enable us to study the mid-infrared dust excess of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars in the LMC. This is the first time we can quantitatively assess the gas and dust input from AGB stars over a complete galaxy, fully based on observations. The integrated mass-loss rate over all intermediate and high mass-loss rate carbon-rich AGB candidates in the LMC is 8.5 × 10 -3 M ⊙ yr -1, up to 2.1 × 10 -2 M ⊙ yr -1. This number could be increased up to 2.7 × 10 -2 M ⊙ yr -1 if oxygen-rich stars are included. This is overall consistent with theoretical expectations, considering the star formation rate (SFR) when these low- and intermediate-mass stars where formed, and the initial mass functions. AGB stars are one of the most important gas sources in the LMC, with supernovae (SNe), which produces about 2-4 × 10 -2 M ⊙ yr -1. At the moment, the SFR exceeds the gas feedback from AGB stars and SNe in the LMC, and the current star formation depends on gas already present in the ISM. This suggests that as the gas in the ISM is exhausted, the SFR will eventually decline in the LMC, unless gas is supplied externally. Our estimates suggest 'a missing dust-mass problem' in the LMC, which is similarly found in high-z galaxies: the accumulated dust mass from AGB stars and possibly SNe over the dust lifetime (400-800 Myr) is significant less than the dust mass in the ISM. Another dust source is required, possibly related to star-forming regions. © 2009 RAS.	Dust, extinction; Galaxies: evolution; Galaxies: individual: the Magellanic Clouds; Stars: AGB and post-AGB; Stars: mass-loss; Supernovae: general	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947033836	Uptake of Genetic Counseling, Knowledge of Bleeding risks and Psychosocial Impact in a South African Cohort of Female Relatives of People with Hemophilia	Gillham A., Greyling B., Wessels T.-M., Mbele B., Schwyzer R., Krause A., Mahlangu J.	2015	Journal of Genetic Counseling	24	6	10.1007/s10897-015-9834-8	National Bioproducts Institute, P.O. Box 818, Pinegowrie, Johannesburg, South Africa; Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Division of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, Hemophilia Comprehensive Care Centre, University of the Witwatersrand and Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa	Gillham, A., National Bioproducts Institute, P.O. Box 818, Pinegowrie, Johannesburg, South Africa; Greyling, B., Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Wessels, T.-M., Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Mbele, B., Division of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, Hemophilia Comprehensive Care Centre, University of the Witwatersrand and Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa; Schwyzer, R., Division of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, Hemophilia Comprehensive Care Centre, University of the Witwatersrand and Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa; Krause, A., Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Mahlangu, J., Division of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, Hemophilia Comprehensive Care Centre, University of the Witwatersrand and Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa	In excess of 200 people with hemophilia (PWH) and their families have received genetic counseling (GC) at the Hemophilia Comprehensive Care Centre at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital. However, very few of their at-risk female relatives have attended GC to discuss their reproductive risks and options, or their potential bleeding risks. Limited research has been conducted internationally on factors influencing uptake of GC and testing amongst female relatives of PWH. This prospective study aimed to explore the factors that influence the uptake of GC and testing by female relatives of PWH. An open-ended semi-structured interview schedule was developed. Participants included female relatives of PWH who at least had a family member who had received GC. Seventeen participants were interviewed; 7 who had GC previously and 10 who had not. All participants who had previously received GC found the service helpful and were mothers referred because their sons had hemophilia. Of those who had not had GC, possible deterrents included: being unaware of GC service, focus in clinic on PWH and not potential carriers, misunderstood risks related to hemophilia and carrier status, fear of finding out carrier status, and non-disclosure in families. Most participants were unaware of potential bleeding risks for carriers. The information will be used to provide a better service to female relatives of PWH with a goal being to set up a dedicated hemophilia carrier clinic. © 2015, National Society of Genetic Counselors, Inc.	Bleeding risks; Genetic counseling; Hemophilia carriers; Psychosocial impact; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84934289768	Comparative studies on growth and evaluation of some harvested parts of fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook F.) plants	Chukwurah N.F., Eze S.C., Aruah C.B., Onyeonagu C.C., Onyeke C.C.	2015	Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences	25	3	None	National Biotechnology Development Agency, Airport Road, Lugbe, Abuja, Nigeria; Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Chukwurah, N.F., National Biotechnology Development Agency, Airport Road, Lugbe, Abuja, Nigeria; Eze, S.C., Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Aruah, C.B., National Biotechnology Development Agency, Airport Road, Lugbe, Abuja, Nigeria; Onyeonagu, C.C., Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Onyeke, C.C., Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	A study was conducted to compare the growth and evaluation of some harvested parts of fluted pumpkin plants. Two field experiments in two planting seasons (2009 and 2010) were used for the study. A total of 500 plants in each planting season were studied at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. The results showed that the male fluted pumpkin partitioned large number of their photosyntates in tendril production and subsequently slow growth and low fresh yield while, the female partitioned greater part of their photosyntates in leave production, faster growth and higher fresh yield. The total number of tendrils harvested from males during the first (2009) and second (2010) planting seasons were 261.5 and 251.6 respectively while the total number of tendrils harvested from the females during the first and second planting seasons were 78.2 and 73.1 respectively. On the contrary, number of leaves per plant was harvested from the male less than female plants, while 597.0 and 590.8 leaves per plant were harvested from the male plants during the first and second planting seasons, respectively while 712.9 and 742.3 leaves per plant were harvested from the female counterpart during the first and second planting seasons respectively. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the male and female plants with respect to both number of leaves and tendrils per plant. More vines were also harvested from the female gender than the males. © 2015, Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum. All right reserved.	Photosynthates; Telfairiaoccidentalis; Vegetative growth; Yield evaluation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70350316807	Field performance of VST SHAKTI power tiller on sawah rice plots in Nigeria and Ghana	Ademiluyi S.Y., Oladele O.I.	2008	Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science	14	5	None	National Center for Agricultural Mecahnisation, Ilorin, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Economics, Education and Extension, Botswana College of Agriculture, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Belgium	Ademiluyi, S.Y., National Center for Agricultural Mecahnisation, Ilorin, Nigeria; Oladele, O.I., Department of Agricultural Economics, Education and Extension, Botswana College of Agriculture, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Belgium	ADEMILUYI, S. Y. and O. I. OLADELE, 2008. Field performance of VST SHAKTI power tiller on sawah rice plots in Nigeria and Ghana. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 14: 517-522 The paper reports the Field performance of VST SHAKTI power tiller on sawah rice plots in Nigeria and Ghana. This is based on the fact that power tillers were re- introduced in Nigerian agriculture in 2001 by Water shed Initiatives Nigeria by importing few units for sawah rice production technology. The field performance evaluation of the model was carried out in different rice fields located at Shaba-Maliki and Ejeti village near Bida on a clayey loamy, sandy soil, under the guinea savannah ecology of Nigeria. The process was repeated in Biemo No1 and Adugyma in Ghana. These study sites are located about 40 kilometers northwest of Kumasi on the Kumasi - Sunyani main road in Ahafo Ano South District which is at the north-western part of the Ashanti Region. The result shows that 93% and 92% were recorded for field efficiency at Ejeti and Shaba-Maliki respectively. The difference in effective field capacity obtained at Shaba- Maliki (0.089 ha/hr) and Ejeti (0.047 ha/hr) was due to the variation in the average time of operation, the operational time at Ejeti (21.7 hr/ha) almost doubles that of Shaba-Maliki (13.15 hr/ha). In Ghana the field efficiency of VST SHAKTI 130D1 power tillers Biemso 1 and Adugyma were 80.52% and 82%. On the other hand, the effective field capacity are 0.15 ha/hr and 0.11 ha/hr for Biemo1 and Adugyma; while the average time of operation are 7.92 hr/ha and 8.9 hr/ha respectively for the locations in Ghana. The results of One way analysis of variance for field performance of power tillers in 4 locations show that average time of operations only Ejeti is significantly different from the 3 other locations, while Adugyma and AhabaMaliki, the effective field capacity differs significantly from Biemso and Ejeti. In terms of field efficiency, Biemso 1 is significantly different from Adugyma but not any difference between Ejeti and Shaba-Maliki. The means for slippage is highest in Ejeti and Shaba-Maliki though not significantly different between them but shows high significance difference between the locations in Ghana that is Biuemso 1 and Adugyma.	Field capacity; Field efficiency; Field performance; Sawah rice; Slippage; VST SHAKTI power tiller	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904439311	Evaluation of the regression parameters of the Angstrom-Page model for predicting global solar radiation	Agbo S.	2013	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	24	2	None	National Centre for Energy Research and Development, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Agbo, S., National Centre for Energy Research and Development, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	A simple and empirical model for the estimation of average monthly global solar radiation for a Nigerian location is presented. Regression coefficients satisfying the Angstrom-page model have been obtained using clearness index (KT) and the relative sunshine data for the location. The test of validity of the model was done by evaluating the following statistical parameters: the mean bias error (MBE), root mean square error (RMSE), mean percentage error (MPE) and the correlation coefficient (CC). The results obtained from the statistical tests show that the new model is reliable for high precision estimation of global solar radiation. A comparison between the new model and other models is presented.	Clearness index; Global solar radiation; Predicting models; Sunshine duration	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84956610269	Comparative evaluation of the performance of an improved solar-biomass hybrid dryer	Okoroigwe E.C., Ndu E.C., Okoroigwe F.C.	2015	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	26	4	None	National Centre for Energy Research and Development, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Natural Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nige	Okoroigwe, E.C., National Centre for Energy Research and Development, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Ndu, E.C., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Okoroigwe, F.C., Natural Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	A solar biomass hybrid dryer intially designed with a front pass flat plate solar air heater and a biomass heating stove was redesigned, reconstructed in order to minimize the excessive convective heat losses and its performance re-evaluated. Due to poor design and contruction of the biomass heating and solar collector sections, the efficiency of the initial design was low. It is believed that the drying efficiency of the dryer could be enhanced if a back pass solar collector and a biomass heating stove incorporated with a gas to gas heat exchanger to ensure that the hot air reaching the samples is clean, smokeless and ash free, substitute for the original solar collector and biomass unit respectively in the improved version. The system's drying performance was tested on both no load and full capacity load under different meteorological conditions within Nsukka (Lat. 7°N) for two weeks. The testing results showed that the incorporation of a new back pass solar collector and the heat exchanger enhanced the trays temperatures on no load test. Similarly, the efficiency of the dryer based on solar, biomass and solarbiomass heating in drying of fresh okra, fresh groundnut and fresh cassava chips increased from 5.19-16.04%, 0.23-3.34% and 1.636-8.96% respectively over the initial construction. This shows that the dryer can help improve the post-harvest processing and storage quality of farm produce by drying if further optimized.	Biomass hybrid dryer; Drying efficiency; Drying rate; Post-harvest processing; Solar	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84857287863	Innovation policies institutions and performance: Why Malaysia overtook Nigeria in the oil palm industry	Adebowale B.O.A.	2012	International Journal of Technological Learning, Innovation and Development	5	02-Jan	10.1504/IJTLID.2012.044880	National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM), Obafemi Awolowo University, PMB 012, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria	Adebowale, B.O.A., National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM), Obafemi Awolowo University, PMB 012, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria	Forty years ago, Nigeria and Malaysia had comparative GDP per capita; Nigeria was the leading oil palm producer and exporter in the world. Within a decade, Malaysia overtook Nigeria both as producer and exporter. This paper provides a comparative perspective of the evolution of institutions and policies contrasting Nigeria and Malaysia over a relatively long period. The aim is to understand, based on the evidence, how and why Malaysia performed so well and Nigeria did not thereby exploring the systemic, remote and immediate causes of the different evolutionary trajectories of the two countries with very similar geographical characteristics. The data for this paper came from a variety of methods including secondary and primary survey as well as face to face interviews. The paper concludes that differential institutions, policies and investment efforts explain much of the catch-up story of the oil palm sectors in the two countries. © 2012 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Development; Economic catch-up; Industry performance; Innovation policies; Institutions; Investment; Malaysia; Nigeria; Technological learning	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84899856102	The impact of technology innovation and R&D on firms' performance: An empirical analysis of Nigeria's service sector	Adeyeye A.D., Jegede O.O., Akinwale Y.O.	2013	International Journal of Technological Learning, Innovation and Development	6	4	10.1504/IJTLID.2013.060873	National Centre for Technology Management, Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Adeyeye, A.D., National Centre for Technology Management, Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Jegede, O.O., National Centre for Technology Management, Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Akinwale, Y.O., National Centre for Technology Management, Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	This paper uses econometric model to analyse the impact of technological innovation and R&D on firm performance in the Nigerian service sector. The sector is attracting interest in policy circle because it has become the fastest growing sector globally. The analysis is based on data obtained from the Nigeria's innovation survey, 2008 undertaken among 500 enterprises in the service sector with about 41% response rate. The instrument was guided by the third edition of the Oslo Manual standardised through validation workshops under the NEPAD ASTII initiative. The result shows that technological acquisition, training and in-house R&D positively influence technological innovation while government support and embodied knowledge are insignificant. Also, technology innovation and R&D have positive impact on firms' performance. This paper offers an opportunity to understanding the impact of technology innovation and R&D on performance of service firms in developing country context. © 2013 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Econometric analysis; Firm performance; Nigeria; R&D; Service sector; Technology innovation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84928016842	Status and impact of strategic technology alliances among telecommunications firms in Nigeria	Ajao B.F., Oyebisi T., Aderemi H., Jegede O.	2015	International Journal of Business Performance Management	16	03-Feb	10.1504/IJBPM.2015.068723	National Centre for Technology Management, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria; African Institute for Science Policy and Innovation, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Department of Management and Accounting, Obafemi Awolowo University I	Ajao, B.F., National Centre for Technology Management, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Oyebisi, T., African Institute for Science Policy and Innovation, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Aderemi, H., Department of Management and Accounting, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Jegede, O., National Centre for Technology Management, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria	This paper examined strategic technology alliance among telecommunications service providers in Nigeria and the benefits accrued to service providers and subscribers from the alliances. This was with a view to providing appropriate recommendation to improving the services rendered to subscribers. Primary data were collected from four GSM network operators, two CDMA network operators and three telecommunications service vendors in Nigeria. Findings revealed the existence of strategic technology alliances such as licensing, joint venture, turnkey, venture capital, franchising, merger and acquisition. Benefits derived from the strategic alliances in decreasing order were improved network coverage, decrease in call drops, decrease in signal down time and decrease in tariff of data and voice services. Furthermore, the allies enjoyed increased turnover when they engaged in strategic technology alliance. The study concluded that a well-structured strategic technology alliance relationship among telecommunications firms can bring about better services for sustainable development in the country. Copyright © 2015 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	CDMA; Global system of mobile; GSM; Licensing; STA; Strategic technology alliance; Subscribers; Telecommunications vendors	None	None
None	None	Using HIV-attributable mortality to assess the impact of antiretroviral therapy on adult mortality in rural Tanzania	Kanjala C., Michael D., Todd J., Slaymaker E., Calvert C., Isingo R., Wringe A., Zaba B., Urassa M.	2014	Global Health Action	7	None	10.3402/gha.v7.21865	National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom	Kanjala, C., National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Michael, D., National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania; Todd, J., National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Slaymaker, E., London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Calvert, C., London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Isingo, R., National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania; Wringe, A., London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Zaba, B., London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Urassa, M., National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania	Background: The Tanzanian national HIV care and treatment programme has provided free antiretroviral therapy (ART) to HIV-positive persons since 2004. ART has been available to participants of the Kisesa open cohort study since 2005, but data to 2007 showed a slow uptake of ART and a modest impact on mortality. Additional data from the 2010 HIV serological survey provide an opportunity to update the estimated impact of ART in this setting. Methods: The Kisesa Health and Demographic Surveillance Site (HDSS) has collected HIV serological data and demographic data, including verbal autopsy (VA) interviews since 1994. Serological data to the end of 2010 were used to make two estimates of HIV-attributable mortality, the first among HIV positives using the difference in mortality between HIV positives and HIV negatives, and the second in the population using the difference between the observed mortality rate in the whole population and the mortality rate among the HIV negatives. Four time periods (1994-1999, 2000-2004, 2005-2007, and 2008-2010) were used and HIVattributable mortality estimates were analysed in detail for trends over time. A computer algorithm, InterVA-4, was applied to VA data to estimate the HIV-attributable mortality for the population, and this was compared to the estimates from the serological survey data. Results: Among HIV-positive adults aged 45-59 years, high mortality rates were observed across all time periods in both males and females. In HIV-positive men, the HIV-attributable mortality was 91.6% (95% confidence interval (CI): 84.6%-95.3%) in 2000-2004 and 86.3% (95% CI: 71.1%-93.3%) in 2008-2010, while among women, the HIV-attributable mortality was 87.8% (95% CI: 71.1%-94.3%) in 2000-2004 and 85.8% (95% CI: 59.6%-94.4%) in 2008-2010. In the whole population, using the serological data, the HIV-attributable mortality among men aged 30-44 years decreased from 57.2% (95% CI: 46.9%-65.3%) in 2000-2004 to 36.5% (95% CI: 18.8%-50.1%) in 2008-2010, while among women the corresponding decrease was from 57.3% (95% CI: 49.7%-63.6%) to 38.7% (95% CI: 27.4%-48.2%). The HIV-attributable mortality in the population using estimates from the InterVA model was lower than that from HIV sero-status data in the period prior to ART, but slightly higher once ART became available. Discussion: In the Kisesa HDSS, ART availability corresponds with a decline in adult overall mortality, although not as large as expected. Using InterVA to estimate HIV-attributable mortality showed smaller changes in HIV-related mortality following ART availability than the serological results. © 2014 Chifundo Kanjala et al.	ART; HDSS; HIV-attributable mortality; InterVA model; Serological survey; Verbal autopsy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80052208945	Impact of the phonon coupling on the dipole strength and radiative neutron capture	Avdeenkov A., Goriely S., Kamerdzhiev S.	2011	Journal of the Korean Physical Society	59	23	10.3938/jkps.59.967	National Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stellenbosch Institute of Advanced Study, 7602, South Africa; Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russian Federation; Institut d'Astronomie et d'Astrophysique, ULB, CP 226, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Institute of Physics and Power Engineering, 249033, Obninsk, Russian Federation	Avdeenkov, A., National Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stellenbosch Institute of Advanced Study, 7602, South Africa, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russian Federation; Goriely, S., Institut d'Astronomie et d'Astrophysique, ULB, CP 226, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Kamerdzhiev, S., Institute of Physics and Power Engineering, 249033, Obninsk, Russian Federation	The E1 strength functions and radiative capture cross sections for several compound Sn isotopes, including unstable 132Sn and 150Sn, have been calculated using the self-consistent microscopic theory. In addition to the standard RPA or QRPA approaches, the method includes the quasiparticle-phonon coupling and the single-particle continuum. The results obtained show that the phonon contribution significantly affects the pygmy dipole resonance, which is of particular relevance for a proper description of the radiative neutron capture. The impact of the phonon coupling on the pygmy dipole resonance and the radiative neutron capture cross sections increases with the (N -Z) difference. For example, in the (0-10) MeV interval the full theory gives 17% of the energy- weighted sum rule for 150Sn and 2:8% for 124Sn, whereas the continuum QRPA approach gives 5:1% and 1:7%, respectively. These results indicate the importance the self-consistent calculation can have, especially when applied to neutron-rich nuclei of astrophysical interest. The comparison with the widely-used phenomenological Generalized Lorentzian approach shows that the (Q)RPA approach gives an increase in the neutron capture cross section by a factor of 2 for 132Sn and a factor of 10 for 150Sn and that the inclusion of the phonon coupling still increases these cross sections even furhter, by a factor of 2-3.	Phonon coupling; Radiative neutron capture cross sections	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77954730526	Impact of the phonon coupling on the radiative neutron capture	Avdeenkov A.V., Goriely S., Kamerdzhiev S.P.	2010	Physics of Atomic Nuclei	73	7	10.1134/S1063778810070057	National Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stellenbosch Institute of Advanced Study, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Institute d'Astronomie et d'Astrophysique, Brussels, Belgium; Institute of Physics and Power Engineering, Obninsk, Russian Federation	Avdeenkov, A.V., National Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stellenbosch Institute of Advanced Study, Stellenbosch, South Africa, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Goriely, S., Institute d'Astronomie et d'Astrophysique, Brussels, Belgium; Kamerdzhiev, S.P., Institute of Physics and Power Engineering, Obninsk, Russian Federation	Inclusion of the coupling of quasiparticle degrees of freedom with phonon degrees is a natural extention of the standard QRPA approach. The paper presents the quantitative impact of this phonon coupling on the dipole strength and radiative neutron capture for the stable 124Sn and very exotic 150Sn isotopes, as an illustration, using the self-consistent version of the Extended Theory of Finite Fermi Systems. It was found that the phonon contribution to the pygmy-dipole resonance and radiative neutron capture cross section is increased with the (N - Z) difference growth. The results show that the self-consistent nuclear structure calculations are important for unstable nuclei, where phenomenological approaches do not work. © 2010 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78649628685	Sustainable assessment and evaluation strategies for open and distance learning	Okonkwo C.A.	2010	Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education	11	4	None	National Open University of Nigeria, 14/16 Ahmadu Bello Way, P.M.B. 80067 Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria	Okonkwo, C.A., National Open University of Nigeria, 14/16 Ahmadu Bello Way, P.M.B. 80067 Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria	This paper first presents an overview of the concepts of assessment and evaluation in Open and Distance Learning (ODL) environment. The large numbers of students and numerous courses make assessment and evaluation very difficult and administrative nightmare at Distance Learning (DL) institutions. These challenges informed exploring issues relating to assessment and evaluation like the development and use of question bank and deployment of technology in assessment with emphasis on strategies for sustainability. Assessment in ODL, unlike in the Conventional system where students have a range of opportunities to demonstrate their learning periodically, depends on formal assessment tasks only. Thus, for validity to be high in ODL assessment, assessment must provide the appropriate situation possible for measuring the specific abilities being measured. Reliability is maximized when the assessment items are many; the items are not too easy or too difficult for the candidates; and the marking consistent. Evaluation depends on Tutor Marked Assignments (TMAs) and End of Semester Examination (ESE) in ODL system. Large question/item bank (with reliable and valid questions) from which items are picked to constitute test are needed. Attempts are made to provide argument for the use of computer as a viable option for sustainable assessment based on its sustainable features especially for ODL institutions with a large number of students' population. It is hoped that these strategies if adopted have the potentials to eliminate some of the challenges that ODL institutions are currently facing in assessment. It will also strengthen quality assurance mechanism in ODL institutions.	Assessment; Evaluation; Question bank; Strategies; Sustainability; Technology	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33745047510	Performance measures reflecting impact of the Workplace Challenge Programme	Sebego C.	2006	Measuring Business Excellence	10	2	10.1108/13683040610668693	National Productivity Institute, Midrand, South Africa	Sebego, C., National Productivity Institute, Midrand, South Africa	Purpose - The paper aims to examine the impact of the Workplace Challenge (WPC) Programme within the National Productivity Institute (NPI), which is a supply-side initiative of the Department of Trade & Industry (DTI) and established to meet the competitive challenges presented by South Africa's re-entry into the global market. It aims to encourage government, business and labour to participate in a consultative process, to improve the performance of local industry. Disparties exisat between the variables that are being measured under the dimensions of Quality, Speed, Cost and Morale at all levels (i.e. cluster, region and national), and as such, the results cannot be aggregated together to determine an overall impact. The common measures will assist with providing valid and reliable reporting to the DTI. Design/methodology/approach - Ten companies were randomly selected out of a total population of about 120 companies participating in the WPC for interviews and discussions about the topic. Findings - It became evident during data collection that most companies do not align the green area measurements with the overall business objectives. A better way to integrate WPC impact into the company strategies is needed to present a cohesive picture all the time. The research indicated that the broad WPC objectives exists in terms of increased employee and customer satisfaction could be achieved. Employee satisfaction is achieved by: improved management decision making (effectiveness), because WPC change management process encourages consultation of the floor workers; involvement and consultation in turn leads to improved motivation/morale of the workers. Customer satisfaction is achieved by: improved product efficiency results in good quality benefits, and improved process efficiency results in good delivery and lower costs. Practical implications - The outcome of this research will be used to provide a clear and practical guideline for implementation of properly designed performance measurements in order to report productivity improvement resulting from the WPC programme. By doing this, we are also assisting the companies to assess the true benefits of joining the programme. The author's view is that, this rule of thumb should be followed when reporting on the measures: the goal must be to strive for adequate but valid measures instead of highly accurate but invalid measures. Research limitations/implications - The research focuses only on the NPI's WPC Programme. The key strategies for best operating practice will be used as the reference for determining world-class performance. The research does not assess the role of the organisational leadership and the company strategies, nor take the duration of companies on the WPC Programme into account. Originality/;value - This is the first opportunity in the WPC to investigate the uniform measures that would indicate the impact of the programme on the participating companies reliably. In the author's view, this research paper provides the platform and a guide for an informed dialogue on elevating the issues to a common level, describing the real constraints, the factors that must be considered when determining common performance measures and a sensible approach to a complex topic. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Best practice; Cost effectiveness; Operations management; Performance measures; Productivity rate; Waste minimization	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943240123	Evaluation of red fluorescent protein (DsRed) as alternative visual marker of genetic transformation in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)	Okwuonu I.C., Achi O.K., Egesi C.N., Taylor N.J.	2015	In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology - Plant	51	5	10.1007/s11627-015-9718-5	National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, km 8 Ikot Ekpene Road, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria; Department of Microbiology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria; Institute for International Crop Improvement, Donald Danforth Pla	Okwuonu, I.C., National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, km 8 Ikot Ekpene Road, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria; Achi, O.K., Department of Microbiology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria; Egesi, C.N., National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, km 8 Ikot Ekpene Road, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria; Taylor, N.J., Institute for International Crop Improvement, Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, United States	Red fluorescent protein (DsRed) from reef coral was evaluated in comparison with green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a reporter gene for cassava transformation. Cassava friable embryogenic callus (FEC) was transformed with ER-targeted versions of DsRed and GFP constructs driven by the 35S cauliflower mosaic virus promoter. Efficiency of transformation was comparable for both visual marker genes at averages of 119 and 163 expressing plants recovered per cc of settled cell volume FEC for GFP and DsRed, respectively. High and uniform DsRed expression was observed at the single cell and proliferating callus stages, in somatic embryos and within organs of whole in vitro and greenhouse-grown plants in a manner similar to GFP. Plants expressing GFP and DsRed were robust and phenotypically normal with regard to growth, vigor, and formation of storage roots when grown in the greenhouse. Expression of marker genes within cross sections of petiole, woody stem, and storage roots from greenhouse-grown plants was determined. The interference of phenolic compounds and chlorotic tissues characteristic of the signal from GFP-expressing tissues was not observed within tissues transgenic for DsRed. Tissues and plants co-expressing DsRed and GFP were produced by co-culturing FEC with a mixed Agrobacterium suspension carrying GFP and DsRed gene constructs or by re-transformation of an existing GFP transgenic line with DsRed. Re-transformation of GFP-expressing tissues was the more efficient method for production of GFP/DsRed stacked plants. Co-expression of both marker genes within the same transformation unit was easily visualized at their respective wavelength with the aid of appropriate filters thus validating their potential for co-expression studies. © 2015, The Society for In Vitro Biology.	Cassava; Co-expression; DsRed; GFP	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84906077340	Trade density for external market evaluation	Kvasha S., Ryabchenko O., Zhemoyda O.	2014	Actual Problems of Economics	156	6	None	National Scientific Centre Institute of Agrarian Economics, Kyiv, Ukraine; Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Department Economy of Enterprise, National University of Life and Environmental Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine	Kvasha, S., National Scientific Centre Institute of Agrarian Economics, Kyiv, Ukraine; Ryabchenko, O., Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Zhemoyda, O., Department Economy of Enterprise, National University of Life and Environmental Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine	The article shows that both Ukraine's accession to the WTO in 2008 and the processes of the EU enlargement have created additional challenges for trade development at the continent. Special attention is paid to historical and geographical aspects of trade development in Europe. Prospects of free trade areas, beneficial both for Ukraine and the EU, are studied in detail. Trade density in the EU is analyzed using the mathematical methods. Such aspects as tariff policy, non-tariff barriers import duties are considered separately. Agricultural markets were taken for this analysis due to their high importance for Ukraine. © Sergii Kvasha, Oksana Ryabchenko, Oleksandr Zhemoyda, 2014.	European Union; Free trade area; Trade density; Ukraine	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84876014932	Evaluation of the effects of calliandra portoricensis extracts on oxidative stress enzymes in wistar rats challenged with venom of echis ocellatus	Onyeama H.P., Ebong P.E., Eteng M.U., Igile G.O., Ibekwe H.A., Peter A., Ukpanukpong R.U.	2012	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	2	6	10.7324/JAPS.2012.2623	National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria; Department of Biochemistry, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria; Department of Animal Science, Cross River University of Technology, O	Onyeama, H.P., National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria; Ebong, P.E., Department of Biochemistry, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria; Eteng, M.U., Department of Biochemistry, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria; Igile, G.O., Department of Biochemistry, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria; Ibekwe, H.A., Department of Animal Science, Cross River University of Technology, Obubra Campus, Nigeria; Peter, A., College of Medical Sciences (Epidemiology), University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria; Ukpanukpong, R.U., Department of Biochemistry, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria	Evaluation of the effects of Calliandra portoricensis extracts on oxidative stress (antioxidant) enzymes was carried out using wistar rat model. The anti-oxidant enzymes evaluated were superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). These extracts were used to ascertain their potency in enhancing these enzymes activities in envenomed rats. A total of 30 rats were randomly assigned into 5 treatment groups of 6 rats each. Group 1 (control) received nothing. Group 2 received viperian venom only. Groups 3, 4 and 5 received same amount of venom in addition to calculated doses of flavonoid-rich, polyphenol-rich and whole ethanolic extracts respectively. The dosages of the venom and the C. portoricensis extracts were administered intramuscularly. After about 4 hours, the rats were sacrificed, serum collected and theoxidative stress enzymes assayed. Marked decrease of SOD, CAT and GPx enzymes activities occurred in the group 2 rats while increases (P< 0.05) were observed in groups 3, 4 and 5 experimental rats. These findings suggest that C. portoricensis extracts actually attenuated the obliterating effects of the viperian venom on the naturally-occurring anti-oxidant enzymesin experimental wistar rats.	Calliandra portoricensis; Oxidative stress enzymes; Venom	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33846334041	Performance contract-driven improvements at Uganda's state-owned water utility	Isingoma D.	2006	Water 21	None	JUNE	None	National Water and Sewerage Corporation, Uganda	Isingoma, D., National Water and Sewerage Corporation, Uganda	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956990963	Methods to determine the impact of rainfall on fuels and burned area in southern African savannas	Archibald S., Nickless A., Scholes R.J., Schulze R.	2010	International Journal of Wildland Fire	19	6	10.1071/WF08207	Natural Resources and the Environment, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), PO Box 395, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Animal Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; School of Bioresources Engineering and Environmental Hydrology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa	Archibald, S., Natural Resources and the Environment, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), PO Box 395, Pretoria 0001, South Africa, Animal Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Nickless, A., Natural Resources and the Environment, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), PO Box 395, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Scholes, R.J., Natural Resources and the Environment, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), PO Box 395, Pretoria 0001, South Africa, Animal Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Schulze, R., School of Bioresources Engineering and Environmental Hydrology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa	In southern African savannas, grass production, and therefore the annual extent of fire, is highly dependent on rainfall. This response has repeatedly been noted in the literature but authors used different input variables and modelling approaches and the results are not comparable. Using long-term fire occurrence data from six protected areas in southern Africa we tested various methods for determining the relationship between antecedent rainfall and burned area. The types of regression model, the most appropriate index of accumulated rainfall, and the period over which to calculate annual burned area were all investigated. The importance of accumulating rainfall over more than one growing season was verified in all parks - improving the accuracy of the models by up to 30% compared with indices that only used the previous year's rainfall. Up to 56% of the variance in burned area between years could be explained by an 18-month accumulated rainfall index. Linear models and probit models performed equally well. The method suggested in this paper can be applied across southern Africa. This will improve our understanding of the drivers of interannual variation in burned area in this globally important fire region. © IAWF 2010.	carry-over; fire; grass fuel; interannual variation	None	None
WoS	WOS:000324164000001	Use of anchoring vignettes to evaluate health reporting behavior amongst adults aged 50 years and above in Africa and Asia - testing assumptions	Blomstedt, Yulia,Debpuur, Cornelius,Gomez-Olive, Xavier,Hirve, Siddhivinayak,Juvekar, Sanjay,Ng, Nawi,Oti, Samuel,Tollman, Stephen,Wall, Stig	2013	GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION	6	None	10.3402/gha.v6i0.21064	Navrongo Health Research Center, Umea University, University of Witwatersrand, African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr, KEM Hosp Res Ctr	"Blomstedt, Yulia: Umea University","Debpuur, Cornelius: Navrongo Health Research Center","Gomez-Olive, Xavier: University of Witwatersrand","Ng, Nawi: Umea University","Tollman, Stephen: University of Witwatersrand","Wall, Stig: Umea University",	Background: Comparing self-rating health responses across individuals and cultures is misleading due to different reporting behaviors. Anchoring vignettes is a technique that allows identifying and adjusting self-rating responses for reporting heterogeneity (RH). Objective: This article aims to test two crucial assumptions of vignette equivalence (VE) and response consistency (RC) that are required to be met before vignettes can be used to adjust self-rating responses for RH. Design: We used self-ratings, vignettes, and objective measures covering domains of mobility and cognition from the WHO study on global AGEing and adult health, administered to older adults aged 50 years and above from eight low-and middle-income countries in Africa and Asia. For VE, we specified a hierarchical ordered probit (HOPIT) model to test for equality of perceived vignette locations. For RC, we tested for equality of thresholds that are used to rate vignettes with thresholds derived from objective measures and used to rate their own health function. Results: There was evidence of RH in self-rating responses for difficulty in mobility and cognition. Assumptions of VE and RC between countries were violated driven by age, sex, and education. However, within a country context, assumption of VE was met in some countries (mainly in Africa, except Tanzania) and violated in others (mainly in Asia, except India). Conclusion: We conclude that violation of assumptions of RC and VE precluded the use of anchoring vignettes to adjust self-rated responses for RH across countries in Asia and Africa.	"anchoring vignettes",COGNITION,MOBILITY,"reporting heterogeneity","RESPONSE CONSISTENCY",SELF-RATING,"Vignette equivalence",HETEROGENEITY,SATISFACTION,"SELF-RATED HEALTH"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79959399134	The impact of culture-related factors on good governance in Greek family businesses in South Africa	Adendorff C., Boshoff C.	2011	South African Journal of Business Management	42	2	None	Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Business School, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa	Adendorff, C., Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Business School, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Boshoff, C., Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa	The size of the family business component of the South African economy suggests that it is the predominant way of doing business in South Africa. A large proportion of these family businesses are Greek-owned. More importantly it is estimated that approximately 95% of all Greek businesses in South Africa can be classified as family businesses. The sustainability of Greek family businesses requires that they maintain good governance practices that are both economically and environmentally acceptable to all stakeholders. It also requires that the next generation of Greek entrepreneurs effectively balance good governance of their businesses with their family commitments. The primary objective of this study was to identify and explore the internal, culturally-related factors that influence good governance to ensure the survival, growth and sustainability of Greek family businesses in South Africa. A theoretical model of good governance factors was proposed and tested using Structural Equation Modelling. The study found that perceived good governance in a South African Greek family business context needs to be managed in terms of three factors, namely risk control, the internal regulatory environment and the protection of the stakeholders? interest. The study found that needs alignment, cultural needs alignment, vision and ethnic entrepreneurial growth all impact directly or indirectly on perceived good governance in South African Greek family businesses.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84937036313	Evaluation of noise levels of two micro-wind turbines using a randomised experiment	Clohessy C.M., Brettenny W., Sharp G., Vorster F.	2014	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	25	1	None	Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa	Clohessy, C.M., Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa; Brettenny, W., Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa; Sharp, G., Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa; Vorster, F., Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa	One of the more contentious environmental concerns of wind turbines is the wind turbine noise. This study assesses the noise impacts of two microwind turbines on the environment by comparing the noise generated by these turbines to traditionally accepted surrounding sounds. The sound level data was collected using a randomised experiment and fitted using a general linear model (GLM). The GLM was used to determine the relationship between the sound level generated at a given site to the time of day, the wind speed, the wind direction and a fixed predetermined distance from the sound source.	General linear model; Micro-wind turbine sound levels; Sound pressure levels	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940733317	Determinants of, and barriers to, market orientation and the relationship with business performance among SMES	Dubihlela J., Dhurup M.R.	2015	Journal of Applied Business Research	31	5	None	Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa; Vaal University of Technology, South Africa	Dubihlela, J., Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa; Dhurup, M.R., Vaal University of Technology, South Africa	Expansion, diversification, greater choice, market share, profits and increased competition are the “overarching forces” that drive organisations to embrace marketing concepts such as market orientation. Various researchers assert that market orientation is a vital marketing concept for the performance of businesses and for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) there are no exceptions. The study examines the relationship of the determinants and barriers to market orientation and the influence of market orientation on business performance among SMEs in a developing country. This cross-sectional study made of a quantitative survey design. The target population comprised 273 owners/managers of SMEs in the Vaal Triangle, South Africa. The results revealed that the determinants of market orientation exhibited a strong influence in market orientation. Market orientation in turn showed strong positive relationship with business performance. Barriers to market orientation showed strong negative relationship with market orientation. The study identified the constructs that foster or discourage market orientation, and the contribution that market orientation can have on business performance for SMEs. SMEs owner/mangers are encouraged to consider the market orientation constructs that positively influences the performance of their businesses. © 2015, CIBER Institute. All rights reserved.	Barriers; Business performance; Determinants; Market orientation	None	None
WoS	WOS:000305821500007	The impact of a psychiatry clinical rotation on the attitude of Nigerian medical students to psychiatry	Abayomi, O.,Adebowale, T. O.,Adelufosi, A. O.,Ogunwale, A.,Ojo, T. M.	2012	AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY	15	3	10.4314/ajpsy.v15i3.24	Neuropsychiat Hosp	None	Objective: Undergraduate medical students have ingrained and often negative attitudes towards psychiatry as a field and as a career. This in turn has affected recruitment of graduate medical students into the specialty Little is known about the impact of psychiatry rotations during undergraduate medical training on students' attitudes about psychiatry and eventual specialty choice in developing countries. This study examined the impact of a psychiatry clinical rotation on medical students' attitudes to psychiatry and possible career choice. Method: Eighty-one and one hundred and six fifth year medical students completed the ATP-30, socio-demographic and career choice questionnaires at the beginning and the end of a four week clinical rotation respectively Results: The overall attitude of the students to psychiatry was favourable at the beginning of the rotation with significant improvement following the rotation (p=0.003). Significant improvement in attitude was observed among female and younger students. Students who indicated preference for specialties other than psychiatry showed a greater improvement in their attitude to psychiatry following the rotation (p=0.011). The rotation however did not enhance students' preference for psychiatry as a future career. Conclusion: The four-week clinical rotation in psychiatry resulted in increased mean attitudinal score, but not in enhanced preference for psychiatry as a career.	ATTITUDE,"MEDICAL STUDENTS",NIGERIA,PSYCHIATRY,CAREER,CHOICE,SCHOOL	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-82655178577	Protein energy malnutrition and the nervous system: The impact of socioeconomic condition, weaning practice, infection and food intake, an Experience in Nigeria	Odebode T.O., Odebode S.O.	2005	Pakistan Journal of Nutrition	4	5	10.3923/pjn.2005.304.309	Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Odebode, T.O., Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria; Odebode, S.O., Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Parental socio-economic condition, childhood infection, weaning practices, and childhood intake of food adequate in protein are known to influence the evolution of protein energy malnutrition (PEM) but this is only scantily documented for our setting. To evaluate the impact of these factors on the development of PEM and its neurological sequel in our setting, sixty-seven malnourished children attending our nutritional rehabilitation centre were analyzed for demographics, weaning age, weaning diets, weights and weight-for-age deficits, parental socio-economic conditions, literacy levels and annual per capita income. They were categorized using modified Welcome classification into four classes of PEM. Predominant neurological manifestations included delayed walking skill, hyperreflexia, spinal ataxia and nutritional neuropathies. Their parents were graded into five socio-economic classes according to the Registrar-General's occupational classification. A survey of food items produced by the parents and the proportion utilized for childhood consumption was carried out. The 67 children, 42 females and 25 males aged 3 months to five years, were categorized as marasmus (18%), marasmic kwashiorkor (16%), kwashiorkor (15%), and underweight (51%). Female children out-numbered males in all age groups and were more often severely affected than males. Children suffering from marasmus (mean age =15.4 months) were significantly younger (p< 0.05) than cases of kwashiorkor (18.1 months) and marasmic kwashiorkor (23.2 months) and those who were underweight (18 months). The commonest predisposing infection was recurrent diarrhoea (24, 35.8%), followed by intestinal parasitic infestation (10, 14.9%) and measles (8, 11.9%). The Registrar-General's occupational grouping placed most (91.6%) of the fathers and all mothers in the low socio-economic classes. Only meager proportions of parents produced protein rich farm products and utilized them child care. Poor parental socio-economic condition, infections, faulty weaning practices and low intake of protein-rich diet are vital to the development of PEM in our setting. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2005.	Kwashiorkor; Malnutrition; Marasmus	None	None
WoS	WOS:000306624400004	Job rotation program evaluation: the Niger Delta University Library	Baro, Emmanuel E.	2012	ASLIB PROCEEDINGS	64	4	10.1108/00012531211244743	Niger Delta Univ	None	Purpose - Since 2004 the Niger Delta University Library has adopted a job rotation program to help solve manpower and skills acquisition problems. The study reported in this paper aimed to evaluate the Niger Delta University job rotation program, including the impact of the program on newly employed librarians and their job performance, and the university library. Design/methodology/approach - The study has two parts. Firstly, the paper reports results from focus group interviews with Niger Delta University librarians who participated in the job rotation program. Secondly, an interview was conducted with the Niger Delta University librarian who adopted the job rotation program to elicit insights into the impact and challenges of the library job rotation program. The Kirkpatrick and Kirkpatrick four-level evaluation framework was chosen to use as a framework for the evaluation of the responses. Findings- The study revealed that the job rotation program is an important program for allowing librarians to acquire new skills, enhance staff productivity, develop new relationships across the university library and gain skills needed for gain skills needed for future career advancement. The participants in the career advancement. The participants in the job rotation program who were interviewed showed a high level of satisfaction with the program. Practical implications - The findings of this study will inform library administrators or management about the adoption of job rotation programs in their libraries. Many university libraries have problems with a lack of skills experienced by new librarians and also as a staff development tool in the workplace. Originality/value - The paper calls for proactive effort by university libraries to adopt new strategies to enhance skills development for efficient productivity.	"ACADEMIC LIBRARIES","JOB MOBILITY","job rotation","library management",NIGERIA,"skills acquisition","skills flexibility"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77951263642	Pollution assessment of the impact of industrial effluents on the qualities of surface water and sediments of River Ona in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	Nubi O.A., Nubi A.T.	2010	World Review of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development	7	4	10.1504/WRSTSD.2010.032746	Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, P.M.B. 12729, Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria; Environmental Laboratories Limited, P.O. Box 15104, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria	Nubi, O.A., Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, P.M.B. 12729, Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria; Nubi, A.T., Environmental Laboratories Limited, P.O. Box 15104, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria	River Ona, a major river in Ibadan, into which industries discharge their effluents, was studied to assess the impact of the industrial discharge. The mean levels for some parameters gave evidence of pollution. The mean values for DO (4.9 ± 0.3 mg/l), COD (54.5 ± 0.5 mg/l), PO4 3- (0.47 ± 0.09 mg/l), SO4 2- (20.65 ± 0.85 mg/l) were reported for the upstream region, while the downstream mean values for same parameters gave 3.72 ± 0.37 mg/l, 211.20 ± 59.6 mg/l, 1.06 ± 0.20 mg/l and 23.62 ± 3.20 mg/l, respectively. The effluent was also analysed, and the results obtained confirmed that the effluent was not the only source of pollutants in the river. Copyright © 2010 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Anthropogenic; Discharge; Impact; Industrial effluent; Pollution	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940930406	Impact of Smartphones/Tablets on the information seeking behaviour of medical students and staff of Niger Delta University Bayelsa State - Nigeria	Ebiye E.V.	2015	Library Philosophy and Practice	2015	1	None	Niger Delta University, Bayelsa State, Nigeria	Ebiye, E.V., Niger Delta University, Bayelsa State, Nigeria	Smartphones and tablets play a very significant role in medical students and staff information seeking behaviour in meeting their teaching, learning and research needs. This study investigated the impact of Smartphones/Tablets on the information seeking behaviour of medical students and staff in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The descriptive survey design was adopted for the study using questionnaire as the main instrument for data collection from a population of 500 medical students and staff of the four faculties of the Niger Delta University College of Health Sciences. The questionnaire was personally administered to the respondents in their lecture halls and offices. Data collected were analyzed using tables, frequencies and simple percentages. A total of 460 out of the 500 questionnaire returned was found useful for data analysis showing 92% rate of response. The study revealed high level of awareness and use of smartphones/tablets by medical students and staff for their academic works. Results also shows that smartphones/tablets has made tremendous impact on their medical education most especially with easy and fast internet access, high speed browsing, saves time and money going to cybercafé/college library, easy access to medical teaching and e-learning materials/e-textbooks. Lack of technical experts on repairs when faulty within campus, operational difficulties, high cost of data subscription from service providers and fragility were identified as the major problems they encountered in using smartphones/tablets. The study recommended the need for medical university management to collaborate with IT companies to develop smartphones/tablets capable of supporting their seeking of medical and health information.	Bayelsa-Nigeria; Impact; Information; Medical students; Niger Delta University; Seeking-behaviour; Smartphones/tablets	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84889633821	Planning practices, strategy types and firm performance in the Arabian Gulf region	Yusuf A., Saffu K.	2009	Education, Business and Society: Contemporary Middle Eastern Issues	2	3	10.1108/17537980910981778	Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation, Abuja, Nigeria; Brock University, St Catherines, Canada	Yusuf, A., Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation, Abuja, Nigeria; Saffu, K., Brock University, St Catherines, Canada	Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate planning practices, strategy types, and the performance of indigenous firms in Bahrain and United Arab Emirates (UAE). Design/methodology/approach: Data are collected from cheif executive officers (CEOs) and top management of 95 local companies sampled from Chamber of Commerce and Industry databases in Bahrain and UAE using face-to-face interviews. Analysis of variance and univariate logistic regression are employed in analyzing the data. Findings: Although most of the firms are long-term planners, many of them do not have a planning process. Majority of the firms are Prospectors and Analyzers. Prospectors perform considerably better than all the other strategy types. Nevertheless, the firms that are included in this paper appear to be cautious and not aggressive in entering new markets or in taking the lead in introducing and marketing new products. Research limitations/implications: The paper suffers from selection bias by focusing on indigenous-owned companies. Also, the data originate from self-reported responses from business leaders and executives. The results do not establish causality. Finally, only broad demographic links are considered. Other individual and firm variables may influence performance in different ways than indicated here. Practical implications: Managers must pay heed to the usefulness of planning and ensure that their companies have a planning process in place. Given the performance of Prospectors, managers must adopt some prospector strategies. Experience and high level of education as essential ingredients to successful planning and performance require management consideration. Originality/value: The paper provides empirical support for Miles and Snow typology and corroborates the existing understanding that planning is beneficial to firms from an under-researched part of the world. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Bahrain; Business performance; Business planning; Corporate strategy; United Arab Emirates	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892557393	Effect of multiple taxation on the performance of small and medium scale business enterprises. (A study of West African Ceremics Ajeokuta, Kogi State)	Adebisi J.F., Gbegi D.O.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	6	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n6p323	Nigerian college of Accountancy, Jos, Nigeria; Department of Accounting, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria	Adebisi, J.F., Nigerian college of Accountancy, Jos, Nigeria; Gbegi, D.O., Department of Accounting, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria	This study is on the effect of multiple taxation on the performance of small and medium scale enterprises. Over the years, small and medium scale enterprises have been an avenue of job creation and the empowerment of Nigeria's citizen, providing about 50% of all jobs in Nigeria and also for local capital formation. However, the mortality rate of these small firms is very high. Among the factors responsible for these untimely close-ups are tax related issues, ranging from multiple taxation to enormous tax burdens. The study therefore examines the effect of multiple taxation on SMEs survival. The study involved a survey research design with a population of 91. The researchers derived their sample size to arrive at 74 and a self administered questionnaire was used to collect data. These data was quantitatively analyzed with simple percentages and tested the research hypothesis with ANOVA. Findings revealed that multiple taxation has negative effect on SMEs' survival and the relationship between SMEs' size and its ability to pay taxes is significant. We therefore recommends that government should come up with a uniform tax policies that will favour the development of SMEs in Nigeria and government should put into consideration the size of SMEs when setting tax policies.	Economic growth; Multiple taxations; SMEs mortality; SMEs performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84923026014	Does developmental aid impact or impede on growth: Evidence from Nigeria	Olanrele I.A., Ibrahim T.M.	2015	International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues	5	1	None	Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER), Ibadan, Nigeria	Olanrele, I.A., Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER), Ibadan, Nigeria; Ibrahim, T.M., Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER), Ibadan, Nigeria	This paper examines the effect of four different types of developmental aid on economic growth in Nigeria utilizing the Two-Stage Least Square (2SLS) estimation technique between 1970 and 2012. The empirical estimates show that multilateral aid had more impact on growth compared to bilateral aid from Nigerian’s trading partners, top-five CDI ranked countries, and Nordic countries. Our findings support the need for stringent conditionalities and standard monitoring and evaluation framework by donors in order to promote meaningful impact of developmental aid on economic growth. © 2015, Econjournals. All rights reserved.	Developmental aid; Economic growth; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84927929603	Exchange rate fluctuations, oil prices and economic performance: Empirical evidence from Nigeria	Osigwe A.C.	2015	International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy	5	2	None	Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER), Nigeria	Osigwe, A.C., Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER), Nigeria	The dominance of oil in the Nigeria’s external sector and as its major source of revenue is not in dispute. This therefore necessitates the need to probe the nexus and the magnitude of the effects of fluctuation in the exchange rate on oil price and on how it impacts the Nigeria’s economic performance. Against this background, this study evaluated the effects of exchange rate fluctuations on crude oil price as well as on economic performance, simultaneously. The ordinary least square and the two stage least squares estimation techniques were employed. The study found that real exchange rate has a positive effect (1.2%) on the Nigeria’s economic performance. We also found that a 1% increase in the price of oil would positively influence the economic performance of Nigeria by the magnitude of 4%. The R2 shows that 82% deviation in the gross domestic product was captured by the explanatory variables whereas the J-statistics of the model is insignificant, thus, confirming the relevance and validity of the instruments used. © 2015, Econjournals. All Rights Reserved.	Exchange rate; Oil prices and economic performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84914697805	Libraries in the information age: A measure of performance, competencies and constraints in academic libraries in Nigerian universities	Asogwa B.E.	2014	Electronic Library	32	5	10.1108/EL-07-2012-0097	Nnamdi Azikiwe Library (NAL), University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Asogwa, B.E., Nnamdi Azikiwe Library (NAL), University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to measure the competencies of libraries in Nigerian universities, identify constraints to their performance and recommend infrastructures and competencies required. Institutional accreditation has compelled academic libraries in Nigerian to improve their quality, competencies and performances for accountability.Design/methodology/approach - Aquestionnaire was the main instrument for data collection. The population of the study was all the university librarians in the 89 universities in Nigeria that the author selected from federal, state and private universities. Of the 81 sets of questionnaires emailed, 49 were returned, which represents a 60.5 per cent response rate and provides the working population of the study. Data were analysed using frequency tables, simple percentages and bar charts.Findings - The results indicate that academic libraries and librarians in Nigeria are competent in three key areas - educational roles, professional development and research. However, they are not very effective in the provision and use of library resources in cyberspace, adequate funding, collection development and information technology skills. The main constraints are: poor Internet penetration, low bandwidth, unreliable power supply and weak Internet proficiency. This paper suggests that adequate funding, benchmark performance and multi-skilling can serve as strategies against these constraints in developing regions.Practical implications - This study contributes to library staff assessment because it links strategic objectives to performance measures and associated long-term targets. It broadens issues which affect sustainable performance in academic libraries in Nigeria, as well as in Africa and other developing countries.Originality/value - While performance measurement is well established in developed countries, it is less or not so well established in Nigeria and other developing countries. The current research seeks to develop a performance measurement framework for academic libraries that is testable and expandable to Nigeria and the whole African context. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Academic libraries; Benchmarking; ICT; Nigeria; Performance indicators; Performance measurement	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949565645	Evaluation of electronic service infrastructures and quality of e-services in Nigerian academic libraries	Asogwa B.E., Ugwu C.I., Ugwuanyi F.C.	2015	Electronic Library	33	6	10.1108/EL-04-2014-0071	Nnamdi Azikiwe Library, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria	Asogwa, B.E., Nnamdi Azikiwe Library, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria; Ugwu, C.I., Nnamdi Azikiwe Library, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria; Ugwuanyi, F.C., Nnamdi Azikiwe Library, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria	Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the quality of online services in academic libraries in Nigeria. It seeks to assess the functionality of electronic infrastructures, to expose areas where the service needs of users are not adequately provided and to recommend solutions. Design/methodology/approach - The sample population was 210 staff and students who used electronic resources in Nigerian university libraries during the 2012-2013 academic session. A questionnaire was the main instrument for data collection. Modified WebQual four performance indicators were designed and used to measure: library equipment, library website, online public access catalogue (OPAC) and e-user education in the university libraries. The five-point service performance scale that ranged from very poor performance to excellent was used in measuring the views of the respondents. Findings - None of the indicators was rated excellent; six were rated good; nine were average; two and five indicators scored poor and very poor, respectively. Poor funding, intermittent power supply and weak telecommunication infrastructures were among the major impediments to online services in Nigerian universities. Through adequate funding and prudent management of library funds, online services in Nigerian university libraries could meet global standards. Practical implications - Results from this paper could guide library management on several concrete remedial actions to sustain e-service performance that could meet the missions and visions of contemporary academic libraries. Originality/value - This paper was the first to apply WebQual model in the evaluation of electronic performance quality of academic libraries in Nigeria. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Academic libraries; E-resources; E-services; Nigerian university libraries	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84938864176	Use of ServQUAL in the evaluation of service quality of academic libraries in developing countries	Asogwa B.E., Asadu B.U., Ezema J.U., Ugwu C.I., Ugwuanyi F.C.	2014	Library Philosophy and Practice	2014	1	None	Nnamdi Azikiwe library, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Asogwa, B.E., Nnamdi Azikiwe library, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Asadu, B.U., Nnamdi Azikiwe library, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Ezema, J.U., Nnamdi Azikiwe library, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Ugwu, C.I., Nnamdi Azikiwe library, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Ugwuanyi, F.C., Nnamdi Azikiwe library, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Purpose - This paper assesses the quality of services to users in academic libraries in developing countries using ServQUAL model. The purpose was to expose the service areas where the desires of library users' are not met, ascertain the causes, and suggest corrective measures. Approach - Both primary and secondary sources were explored for data collection. Questionnaire and the websites were used, and the 3,832 library users sampled from four developing countries was the research population of this article. Data was analyzed and discussed using descriptive statistics, and other illustrations. Findings - The paper revealed that in developing countries: all the service indicators evaluated were negatively marked; There is significant different between the perceptions and expectations of library users; Academic libraries are not satisfying users' expectations; While tangibility and empathy were the highest and lowest dimensions in developing countries, reliability and tangibility were the order in developed countries; factors such as lack of modern facilities, poor funding, and weak e-leadership quality were negatively affecting the quality of library services. Greater efforts should be channeled toward closing the gaps between the perceptions and the expectations of library users. Practical Implications -This result could be used in comparing the service quality of academic libraries in developed and developing countries. Originality -This paper is the first attempt to use ServQUAL model in the comparison of service quality of academic libraries in developed and developing countries.	Academic libraries; Service quality; ServQUAL in academic libraries; ServQUAL in developing countries; ServQual model	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77954009564	Journal impact factors and the crisis of scholarly communication in Africa: The dilemma of Nigerian academics	Ezema I.J.	2010	Library Review	59	5	10.1108/00242531011047046	Nnamdi Azikiwe Library, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Ezema, I.J., Nnamdi Azikiwe Library, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to suggest ways of improving the quality of Nigerian journals so that they would have global visibility and impact. Design/methodology/approach: This is a literature-based opinion paper which examines the implication of evaluating Nigerian academics using journal impact factors, despite its limitations, particularly to African scholars. Findings: Revelations from available literature point to the fact that the use of journal impact factors is not an objective method of research evaluation, particularly in developing country like Nigeria. However, evaluation of research outputs remains critical in the overall socio-economic, scientific and technological growth of any society. The creation of institutional repositories that are compliant with open archives initiatives by the relevant institutions in Nigeria would to a very large extent address the problem of visibility of research outputs coming from the country. Practical implications: African scholars are disadvantaged by their work environment in the present global scholarly productivity. This paper proposes a number approaches to improve the quality and global visibility of Nigerian scholarly productivity so that journal impact factors should no longer be a parameter for research evaluation in the country. Originality/value: The originality of the paper lies in the strategies proposed for improving the quality of journals in Nigeria. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Interpersonal communications; Nigeria; Research; Serials	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78049465242	The impact of the information society on the library and information science profession	Nwosu O., Ogbomo E.F.	2010	Library Philosophy and Practice	2010	OCTOBER	None	Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; Department of Library and Information Science, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria	Nwosu, O., Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; Ogbomo, E.F., Department of Library and Information Science, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84938702208	Utilization of law library collections for improving academic performance by undergraduate law students of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka	Onwudinjo O.T.U., Ogbonna U.A., Nwadiogwa O.J.	2015	Library Philosophy and Practice	2015	1	None	Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; Digital Library, Festus Nwako Library, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria	Onwudinjo, O.T.U., Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; Ogbonna, U.A., Digital Library, Festus Nwako Library, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; Nwadiogwa, O.J., Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria	This study showcases the law library collections and their utilization by the undergraduate students of Faculty of Law, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. The objectives of the study were to determine the extent of the use being made of the resources by the undergraduate law students of the university, the types of law library resources, benefits derived and the frequency of use. The research method was a descriptive survey. The population consisted of the law undergraduate students of the university in the 2013/2014 academic session which had 550 registered users of the library. The sample was 132 students made up of 100 to 500 levels. 132 questionnaire were administered randomly to the students. Out of this number, 132 was returned representing 100% rate of response. Data collected were analysed using frequency count and simple percentage. The study shows that greater number of law students use law library at least twice a week for preparing for examinations. In the light of this, the study recommended that the law library should be adequately stocked with current and relevant law resources, as well as improving the reading environment so as to make it more conducive for learning and research.	Faculty of law; Frequency of use; Law journals; Law library collections; Law reports; Law statutes	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80655133705	Pain intensity, self-efficacy and physical performance in patients with chronic low back pain	Adegoke B.O.A., Ezeukwu A.O.	2010	International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation	17	10	10.12968/ijtr.2010.17.10.78811	Physiotherapy Department, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nigeria	Adegoke, B.O.A., Physiotherapy Department, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Ezeukwu, A.O., Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nigeria	Aim: This article describes a study investigating the relationship between pain intensity, self-efficacy and physical performance in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) receiving physiotherapy at selected hospitals in Nigeria.Methods: One hundred and forty-two patients (86 female, 56 male) recruited from the out-patient units of the physiotherapy departments of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital and the National Orthopaedic Hospital, Enugu participated in the study. The pain intensity in the low back, self-efficacy and physical performance of patients with CLBP were assessed using the Box Numerical Scale, Chronic Pain Self-Efficacy Scale and Back Performance Scale respectively.Results: The participants were aged 48.05 ± 12.66 years (range 21–65). There was no significant correlation (r = 0.051; P = 0.548) between pain intensity and physical performance, but significant negative correlations were obtained between self-efficacy domain scores and physical performance (r values range from -0.239 to -0.414; P values range from 0.000 to 0.004). Self-efficacy for physical function was the only self-efficacy subscale/domain that had no significant correlation (r = -0.030; P = 0.719) with pain intensity.Conclusions: An increase in self-efficacy was significantly related to improvement in the physical performance of patients with CLBP, or vice versa. Only the self-efficacy domain of physical function was not significantly related with pain intensity. Recommendations were made for the incorporation of assessment of pain self-efficacy levels in the management of CLBP patients, as well as for the development of strategies to improve it clinically. © 2010, MA Healthcare Ltd. All rights reserved.	Chronic pain; Low back pain; Pain intensity; Physical performance; Self-efficacy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84937046649	Proposal for improved nuclear fuel utilisation and economic performance by utilising thorium	du Toit M., Chirayath S.	2015	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	26	2	None	School for Nuclear Science and Engineering, North West University, South Africa; Nuclear Security Science and Policy Institute, Texas A and M University, Nuclear Engineering Department, TAMU, United States	du Toit, M., School for Nuclear Science and Engineering, North West University, South Africa; Chirayath, S., Nuclear Security Science and Policy Institute, Texas A and M University, Nuclear Engineering Department, TAMU, United States	A systematic and strategic nuclear power reactor deployment roadmap has been developed for South Africa within the national strategic plan, utilizing thorium-based fuel. The roadmap was developed through analysis of economical, strategic and historical aspects. The accumulated advantages of thorium-based fuels are summarized, which could form the initiative to implement thorium-based nuclear fuels in South Africa. A timeline (which forms the basis of the roadmap) was constructed and consists of three different phases. Phase 1 starts in 2015 and extends to 2030. Phase 2 starts in 2031 and ends in 2044 whilst Phase 3 is from 2045 to 2060. Each phase is discussed with regard to construction, implementation and research activities. This roadmap starts at current pressurized water reactors (PWRs) and advances to future reactor technologies, using an evolutionary approach. In addition to the results reported in this paper, the economic advantages to introducing thorium as a fertile component in PWR fuels as compared to once-through conventional uranium-only cycles is explored (Du Toit & Cilliers, 2014). The economic evaluation compares uranium fuel to thorium-uranium fuel in terms of the fuel cycle costs, reactor downtime costs due to refuelling and income derived from electricity sales.	Fuel cycle; Nuclear power in South Africa; PWR; Roadmap; Thorium-based fuels	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949751752	The differential effect of labour unrest on corporate financial performance	Ganda F., Ngwakwe C.C.	2015	Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions	5	3CONT2	None	School of Accountancy, University of Limpopo South Africa, South Africa; Turfloop Graduate School of Leadership, University of Limpopo South Africa, South Africa	Ganda, F., School of Accountancy, University of Limpopo South Africa, South Africa; Ngwakwe, C.C., Turfloop Graduate School of Leadership, University of Limpopo South Africa, South Africa	Heightening labour unrest episodes have inevitably generated important results on corporate financial performance. This paper provides first-hand, empirical data to illustrate the effect of labour unrest on firm performance before periods of labour unrest (2004 to 2008) and during periods of labour unrest (2009 to 2013) in South Africa’s mining sector. Content analysis was used to gather financial performance measures (Operating profit, Return on Capital Employed and Debt to Equity Ratios) of two mining firms. Then, t-test (paired samples) were utilised to analyse the data. The findings demonstrates that operating profit during labour unrest was lower when compared to operating profit before labour unrest for both company’s A and B. Return on Capital Employed results for five years before labour unrest was greater than ROCE during the labour unrest for both companies. Then, debt to equity during the labour unrest is greater than before labour unrest for the studied companies. © 2015 Virtus Interpress.All rights reserved.	Corporate Financial Performance; Debt to Equity Ratio; Labour Unrest; Mining Sector; Operating Profit; Return on Capital Employed	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84929663136	Evaluating implementation of strategic performance management practices in universities in Uganda	Karuhanga B.N.	2015	Measuring Business Excellence	19	2	10.1108/MBE-06-2014-0017	School of Business, College of Business and Management Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda	Karuhanga, B.N., School of Business, College of Business and Management Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda	Purpose – The purpose of this study was to propose a tool for evaluating implementation of strategic performance management (PM) by examining the strategic PM practices in public universities in Uganda. Design/methodology/approach – Literature was reviewed and the general features of PM practices were identified. These were captured in a survey instrument which was later administered to staff in selected universities in Uganda to determine the extent of strategic PM implementation. Principal component analysis was conducted to cluster similar variables together with an aim of identifying the focal areas for determining the extent of strategic PM practices implementation in a university. Findings – Strategic PM in public universities in Uganda exists and is aimed at achieving quality. Despite its existence, respondents generally disagreed that: an effective PM system exists in their respective universities, PM training is continuously provided to managers and staff and a formal process exists for units to provide feedback on the attainment of goals. Findings further revealed that implementation of PM practices in universities could be evaluated based on five foci, namely, alignment of organisational vision, mission, strategy and individual performance goals; staff involvement in PM implementation at unit level; existence of an improvement plan; existence of a performance evaluation plan; and staff awareness and understanding of PM. Research limitations/implications – The study focussed on only public universities in Uganda; hence, another study could be conducted considering all universities, both private and public. The list of items from literature may not be exhaustive hence additional PM practices that were not included in this tool should be identified from literature to enrich the evaluation tool. Practical implications – This study allowed the development of an empirical list of PM practices which could be used by universities and policy makers to evaluate implementation of strategic PM. Hence, the five foci could be adopted as an evaluation tool for universities with regard to strategic PM implementation. Using these five foci, university managers can identify the grey areas in their PM systems to which management attention could be focussed for improvement. Originality/value – Despite the increasing desire for effective PM implementation in most organisations the world over, there exists no empirical evidence of institutional PM implementation in public universities in Uganda. Besides, to the best of my knowledge, no study has been previously conducted with the aim of developing a tool for evaluating strategic (PM implementation in universities in Uganda. © 2015, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Evaluation; Performance management practices; Public universities; Uganda	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84891606906	Bank efficiency and financial ratios: Rating the performance of the four largest South African banks	van der Westhuizen G.	2014	Journal of Applied Business Research	30	1	None	School of Economics and Management, Sciences at the Vaal Triangle Campus, North-West University, South Africa	van der Westhuizen, G., School of Economics and Management, Sciences at the Vaal Triangle Campus, North-West University, South Africa	Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in conjunction with financial ratios is used to estimate and compare the performance of the four largest South African banks over the period 2001 to 2011. DEA is used to estimate the relative technical, allocative, cost and scale efficiencies and compare these estimates to certain financial ratios published by the banks in their financial statements. These ratios include return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), net interest margin (NIM), impairment losses, etc. The results obtained from the efficiency estimates and the financial ratios are used to rate the banks according to these performances. The rating differs depending on which performance measure is applied. A combination of these measures was necessary to determine the best and the worst performing bank. From the results obtained it appears that profitability and efficiency are two sides of the same coin. © by author(s); CC-BY.	Allocative Efficiency; Bank Performance; Financial Ratios; Net Interest Margin; Noninterest Income; Scale Efficiency; Technical Efficiency	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84898758964	The impact of downsizing on survivor job satisfaction and organizational commitment at a selected timber production estate, South Africa	Ngirande H., Terera S.R., Mutodi P.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	6 SPEC. ISSUE	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n6p145	School of Economics and Management, University of Limpopo, South Africa; Department of Industrial Psychology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa; Department of Mathematics, Science and Technology in Education, University of Limpopo, South Africa	Ngirande, H., School of Economics and Management, University of Limpopo, South Africa; Terera, S.R., Department of Industrial Psychology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa; Mutodi, P., Department of Mathematics, Science and Technology in Education, University of Limpopo, South Africa	The objectives of this study were to identify the impact of downsizing on employee survivor's job satisfaction and to determine whether a relationship exists between employee job satisfaction and organizational commitment. A questionnaire was administered to 123 randomly selected respondents. The data collected from the survey was analyzed using SPSS software version 20.0 and presented in the form of descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment correlations. Results indicated that survivors were much more satisfied and committed to the organization after the downsizing process. Results further indicated that there is relationship between employee job satisfaction and organizational commitment among the survivors of the downsizing process.	Downsizing; Employee job satisfaction; Employee organizational commitment; Survivors	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84938527105	Impact of destruction – Introduction to the Josephus Seminar, Theological University Kampen	van Bekkum K.	2015	HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies	71	1	10.4102/hts.v71i1.2943	Old Testament at Theologische Universiteit Kampen, Netherlands; Department of New Testament Studies, University of Pretoria, South Africa	van Bekkum, K., Old Testament at Theologische Universiteit Kampen, Netherlands, Department of New Testament Studies, University of Pretoria, South Africa	This is an introduction to the contributions of Jan Willem van Henten and William den Hollander to the Josephus Seminar ‘Impact of destruction. Methodological questions in the study of Jewish and Christian reactions to the demolition of the Temple’ held at the Theological University in Kampen, the Netherlands. The introduction sketches the status quaestionis and the methodological issues in comparing the works of Josephus and the Gospels in reconstructing the impact of the destruction of the Temple in AD 70 on Judaism and Early Christianity. © 2015 The Authors.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000291851000001	Two-year evaluation of Intermittent Preventive Treatment for Children (IPTc) combined with timely home treatment for malaria control in Ghana	Ahorlu, Collins K.,Koram, Kwadwo A.,Seake-Kwawu, Atsu,Weiss, Mitchell G.	2011	MALARIA JOURNAL	10	None	10.1186/1475-2875-10-127	Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Basel, University of Ghana, Keta Dist Hlth Management Team, Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute	"Ahorlu, Collins K.: Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research","Ahorlu, Collins K.: University of Ghana","Koram, Kwadwo A.: Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research","Koram, Kwadwo A.: University of Ghana","Weiss, Mitchell G.: University of Basel",	Background: Intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) has recently been accepted as an important component of the malaria control strategy. Intermittent preventive treatment for children (IPTc) combined with timely treatment of malaria related febrile illness at home to reduce parasite prevalence and malaria morbidity in children aged between six and 60 months in a coastal community in Ghana. This paper reports persistence of reduced parasitaemia two years into the intervention. The baseline and year-one-evaluation findings were published earlier. Objective: The main objective in the second year was to demonstrate whether the two interventions would further reduce parasite prevalence and malaria-related febrile illness in the study population. Methods: This was an intervention study designed to compare baseline and evaluation findings without a control group. The study combined home-based delivery of intermittent preventive treatment for children (IPTc) aged 6 - 60 months and home treatment of suspected febrile malaria-related illness within 24 hours. All children aged 6 - 60 months received home-based delivery of intermittent preventive treatment using amodiaquine + artesunate, delivered at home by community assistants every four months (6 times in 24 months). Malaria parasite prevalence surveys were conducted before the first and after the third and sixth IPTc to the children. The evaluation surveys were done four months after the third and sixth IPTc was given. Results: Parasite prevalence which reduced from 25% to 3.0% at year-one evaluation had reduced further from 3% to 1% at year-two-evaluation. At baseline, 13.8% of the children were febrile (axilary temperature of &gt;= 37.5 degrees C) compared to 2.2% at year-one-evaluation while 2.1% were febrile at year-two-evaluation. Conclusion: The year-two-evaluation result indicates that IPTc given three times in a year (every four months) combined with timely treatment of febrile malaria illness, is effective to reduce malaria parasite prevalence in children aged 6 to 60 months in the study community. This must give hope to malaria control programme managers in sub-Saharan Africa where the burden of the disease is most debilitating.	,AFRICA,ANEMIA,DELIVERY,INFANTS,"PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL",RANDOMIZED-TRIAL,"ROUTINE VACCINATIONS","SOUTHERN GHANA",SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE,TRANSMISSION	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84960282882	The impact of residual infections on Anopheles-transmitted Wuchereria bancrofti after multiple rounds of mass drug administration	De Souza D.K., Ansumana R., Sessay S., Conteh A., Koudou B., Rebollo M.P., Koroma J., Boakye D.A., Bockarie M.J.	2015	Parasites and Vectors	8	1	10.1186/s13071-015-1091-z	Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana; Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Mercy Hospital Research Laboratory, Bo, Sierra Leone; Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown, Sierra Leone; Task Force for Global Health, Atlanta, United States	De Souza, D.K., Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana; Ansumana, R., Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Mercy Hospital Research Laboratory, Bo, Sierra Leone; Sessay, S., Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown, Sierra Leone; Conteh, A., Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown, Sierra Leone; Koudou, B., Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Rebollo, M.P., Task Force for Global Health, Atlanta, United States; Koroma, J., Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Boakye, D.A., Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana; Bockarie, M.J., Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom	Background: Many countries have made significant progress in the implementation of World Health Organization recommended preventive chemotherapy strategy, to eliminate lymphatic filariasis (LF). However, pertinent challenges such as the existence of areas of residual infections in disease endemic districts pose potential threats to the achievements made. Thus, this study was undertaken to assess the importance of these areas in implementation units (districts) where microfilaria (MF) positive individuals could not be found during the mid-term assessment after three rounds of mass drug administration. Methods: This study was undertaken in Bo and Pujehun, two LF endemic districts of Sierra Leone, with baseline MF prevalence of 2 % and 0 % respectively in sentinel sites for monitoring impact of the national programme. Study communities in the districts were purposefully selected and an assessment of LF infection prevalence was conducted together with entomological investigations undertaken to determine the existence of areas with residual MF that could enable transmission by local vectors. The transmission Assessment Survey (TAS) protocol described by WHO was applied in the two districts to determine infection of LF in 6-7 year old children who were born before MDA against LF started. Results: The results indicated the presence of MF infected children in Pujehun district. An. gambiae collected in the district were also positive for W. bancrofti, even though the prevalence of infection was below the threshold associated with active transmission. Conclusions: Residual infection was detected after three rounds of MDA in Pujehun - a district of 0 % Mf prevalence at the sentinel site. Nevertheless, our results showed that the transmission was contained in a small area. With the scale up of vector control in Anopheles transmission zones, some areas of residual infection may not pose a serious threat for the resurgence of LF if the prevalence of infections observed during TAS are below the threshold required for active transmission of the parasite. However, robust surveillance strategies capable of detecting residual infections must be implemented, together with entomological assessments to determine if ongoing vector control activities, biting rates and infection rates of the vectors can support the transmission of the disease. Furthermore, in areas where mid-term assessments reveal MF prevalence below 1 % or 2 % antigen level, in Anopheles transmission areas with active and effective malaria vector control efforts, the minimum 5 rounds of MDA may not be required before implementing TAS. Thus, we propose a modification of the WHO recommendation for the timing of sentinel and spot-check site assessments in national programs. © 2015 de Souza et al.	Hotspots; Lymphatic filariasis; Residual transmission; Sierra Leone; Wuchereria bancrofti	None	DFID, Department for International Development
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939638612	Implementation of the HealthKick intervention in primary schools in low-income settings in the Western Cape Province, South Africa: A process evaluation	De Villiers A., Steyn N.P., Draper C.E., Hill J., Dalais L., Fourie J., Lombard C., Barkhuizen G., Lambert E.V.	2015	BMC Public Health	15	1	10.1186/s12889-015-2157-8	Non-communicable Diseases Research Unit (NCDRU), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg, South Africa; Division of Human Nutrition, University of Cape Town Medical Campus, Anzio Road, Observatory, South Africa; Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, PO Box 115, Newlands, South Africa; Biostatistics Unit, SAMRC, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg Cape Town, South Africa; Western Cape Education Department (WCED), Cape Town, South Africa	De Villiers, A., Non-communicable Diseases Research Unit (NCDRU), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg, South Africa; Steyn, N.P., Division of Human Nutrition, University of Cape Town Medical Campus, Anzio Road, Observatory, South Africa; Draper, C.E., Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, PO Box 115, Newlands, South Africa; Hill, J., Non-communicable Diseases Research Unit (NCDRU), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg, South Africa; Dalais, L., Division of Human Nutrition, University of Cape Town Medical Campus, Anzio Road, Observatory, South Africa; Fourie, J., Non-communicable Diseases Research Unit (NCDRU), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg, South Africa; Lombard, C., Biostatistics Unit, SAMRC, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg Cape Town, South Africa; Barkhuizen, G., Western Cape Education Department (WCED), Cape Town, South Africa; Lambert, E.V., Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, PO Box 115, Newlands, South Africa	Background: The HealthKick intervention, introduced at eight primary schools in low-income settings in the Western Cape Province, South Africa, aimed to promote healthy lifestyles among learners, their families and school staff. Eight schools from similar settings without any active intervention served as controls. Methods: The Action Planning Process (APP) guided school staff through a process that enabled them to assess areas for action; identify specific priorities; and set their own goals regarding nutrition and physical activity at their schools. Educators were introduced to the APP and trained to undertake this at their schools by holding workshops. Four action areas were covered, which included the school nutrition environment; physical activity and sport environment; staff health; and chronic disease and diabetes awareness. Intervention schools also received a toolkit comprising an educator's manual containing planning guides, printed resource materials and a container with physical activity equipment. To facilitate the APP, a champion was identified at each school to drive the APP and liaise with the project team. Over the three-years a record was kept of activities planned and those accomplished. At the end of the intervention, focus group discussions were held with school staff at each school to capture perceptions about the APP and intervention activities. Results: Overall uptake of events offered by the research team was 65.6 % in 2009, 75 % in 2010 and 62.5 % in 2011. Over the three-year intervention, the school food and nutrition environment action area scored the highest, with 55.5 % of planned actions being undertaken. In the chronic disease and diabetes awareness area 54.2 % actions were completed, while in the school physical activity and sport environment and staff health activity areas 25.9 and 20 % were completed respectively. According to educators, the low level of implementation of APP activities was because of a lack of parental involvement, time and available resources, poor physical environment at schools and socio-economic considerations. Conclusions: The implementation of the HealthKick intervention was not as successful as anticipated. Actions required for future interventions include increased parental involvement, greater support from the Department of Basic Education and assurance of sufficient motivation and 'buy-in' from schools. © 2015 de Villiers et al.	None	None	None
None	None	At the heart of REDD+: A role for local people in monitoring forests?	Danielsen F., Skutsch M., Burgess N.D., Jensen P.M., Andrianandrasana H., Karky B., Lewis R., Lovett J.C., Massao J., Ngaga Y., Phartiyal P., Poulsen M.K., Singh S.P., Solis S., Sørensen M., Tewari A., Young R., Zahabu E.	2011	Conservation Letters	4	2	10.1111/j.1755-263X.2010.00159.x	Nordisk Fond for Miljø og Udvikling, Skindergade 23-III, Copenhagen DK-1159, Denmark; CIGA-UNAM, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de La Huerta, Carretera Antigua a Patzcuaro 8701, CP 58190, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico; CSTM - Twente Centre for Studies in Technology and Sustainable Development, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands; Centre for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Biology Department, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; World Wildlife Fund USA, 1250 24th Street NW, Washington, DC 20037-1193, United States; Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark; Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, Madagascar Programme, B.P. 8511, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar; International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, P.O. Box 3226, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Kathmandu, Nepal; District, Land and Natural Resources Office, Iringa, Tanzania; Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3151 Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania; CHEA, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India; H. N. B. Garhwal University, Srinagar-Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India; Kumaun University, Nainital, India; University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom	Danielsen, F., Nordisk Fond for Miljø og Udvikling, Skindergade 23-III, Copenhagen DK-1159, Denmark; Skutsch, M., CIGA-UNAM, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de La Huerta, Carretera Antigua a Patzcuaro 8701, CP 58190, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico, CSTM - Twente Centre for Studies in Technology and Sustainable Development, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands; Burgess, N.D., Centre for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Biology Department, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, World Wildlife Fund USA, 1250 24th Street NW, Washington, DC 20037-1193, United States; Jensen, P.M., Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark; Andrianandrasana, H., Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, Madagascar Programme, B.P. 8511, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar; Karky, B., International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, P.O. Box 3226, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Kathmandu, Nepal; Lewis, R., Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, Madagascar Programme, B.P. 8511, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar; Lovett, J.C., CSTM - Twente Centre for Studies in Technology and Sustainable Development, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands; Massao, J., District, Land and Natural Resources Office, Iringa, Tanzania; Ngaga, Y., Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3151 Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania; Phartiyal, P., CHEA, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India; Poulsen, M.K., Nordisk Fond for Miljø og Udvikling, Skindergade 23-III, Copenhagen DK-1159, Denmark; Singh, S.P., H. N. B. Garhwal University, Srinagar-Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India; Solis, S., CIGA-UNAM, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de La Huerta, Carretera Antigua a Patzcuaro 8701, CP 58190, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico; Sørensen, M., Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark; Tewari, A., Kumaun University, Nainital, India; Young, R., Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, Madagascar Programme, B.P. 8511, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom; Zahabu, E., Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3151 Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania	Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Developing Countries (REDD+) is a policy mechanism now agreed under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). It aims to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from developing countries through the sustainable management of forests, while providing co-benefits of biodiversity conservation and livelihood support. Implementation challenges include linking remote sensing and national forest inventories of carbon stocks, to local implementation and measuring carbon loss from forest degradation. Community-based forest monitoring can help overcome some of these challenges. We show that local people can collect forest condition data of comparable quality to trained scientists, at half the cost. We draw on our experience to propose how and where local REDD+ monitoring can be established. Empowering communities to own and monitor carbon stocks could provide a rapid and cost-effective way of absorbing carbon dioxide emissions, while potentially contributing to local livelihoods and forest biodiversity conservation. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.	Climate change; Co-benefits; Community-based management; Forest degradation; Governance; Locally based monitoring	None	None
WoS	WOS:000209023900007	Beyond Smiling: The Evaluation of a Positive Psychological Intervention Aimed at Student Happiness	Rothmann, Sebastiaan,Van Zyl, Llewellyn Ellardus	2012	JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA	22	3	10.1080/14330237.2012.10820541	North West Univ VTC	None	The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a positive psychological intervention (PPI) aimed at increasing happiness of students in a tertiary educational institution. A convenience sample (n = 20) was drawn from the entire population of academic third year students in the field of Industrial/Organisational psychology (n = 109). The majority of the participants were Sesotho speaking (45%), black (95%), female (90%), and 21 years of age (45%). A single group pre-, post-, and post-post-test design was used. The PPI stretched across eight months and was presented in two phases: (a) a three day self-development workshop and (b) six sessions of individual coaching. The intervention focused on facilitating development on two levels, namely a psychological (engagement, meaning, person-environment fit, autonomy, competence, relatedness and authenticity), and emotional (pleasure, affect balance and life satisfaction) level. Data were collected using the Satisfaction with Life Scale, Positive and Negative Affect Scale, Orientations to Happiness Questionnaire, Basic Psychological Needs Scale, the Authentic Self Inventory and Person-Environment Fit scale. The results indicated that the overall happiness of a student increased through developing individuals on both an emotional and psychological level. The PPI affected all the aspects conceptualised in this study, except for two components of authenticity. Therefore, a multi-dimensional approach towards PPIs aimed at happiness of students in a tertiary educational environment may contribute to happy students.	COACHING,HAPPINESS,"Positive psychological intervention","positive psychology","TERTIARY EDUCATION"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000209023700016	An Evaluation of a Helping Skills Training Program for Intern Psychometrists	du Preez, Jani,Jorgensen, Lene I.	2012	JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA	22	1	10.1080/14330237.2012.10874530	North West University - South Africa	"du Preez, Jani: North West University - South Africa","Jorgensen, Lene I.: North West University - South Africa"	This study reports on the effectiveness of a helping skills training program for intern psychometrists. A randomised pretest-posttest comparison group design was used to evaluate the training program. Participants (N = 22; 82% = female, and Afrikaans-speaking = 95%) were selected from the psychometrist-in-training program from a tertiary institution. Three helping skills development measuring instruments were administered before and after the training program. Data were quantitatively analysed to examine training effects on empathy, respect and genuineness, as well as the participants' ability to respond to content and personalise meaning. At the conclusion of the training, participants appeared to have evidently developed a heightened sense of purpose in life.	evaluation,HELPING,"helping skills",psychometrists	None	None
WoS	WOS:000313227100004	Determinants of visitor spending: an evaluation of participants and spectators at the Two Oceans Marathon	Ellis, Suria,Kruger, Martinette,Saayman, Melville	2012	TOURISM ECONOMICS	18	6	10.5367/te.2012.0174	North West University - South Africa	"Ellis, Suria: North West University - South Africa","Kruger, Martinette: North West University - South Africa","Saayman, Melville: North West University - South Africa"	This paper investigates the socio-demographic and behavioural determinants that influence visitor expenditure at the Two Oceans Marathon in South Africa, based on a participant and spectator survey conducted at the race in 2011. Regression analyses were applied and the results indicate that greater length of stay, paid accommodation, number of marathons participated in per year and higher level of education signficantly influence higher participant spending at the marathon, while a high-income occupation and paid accommodation are associated with higher levels of spectator expenditure. These findings not only generate strategic insights into the marketing of the event; knowledge of these determinants will also lead to a greater economic impact and competitive advantage.	"Cape Town",MARATHON,"REGRESSION ANALYSIS","SOUTH AFRICA","SPORTING EVENTS","sport tourism","EXPENDITURE-BASED SEGMENTATION",IDENTIFICATION,MOTIVATION,SPORT,TEAM	None	None
WoS	WOS:000319065200018	An evaluation of Technology teacher training in South Africa: shortcomings and recommendations	Mentz, Elsa,Pool, Jessica,Reitsma, Gerda	2013	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN EDUCATION	23	2	10.1007/s10798-011-9198-9	North West University - South Africa	"Mentz, Elsa: North West University - South Africa","Pool, Jessica: North West University - South Africa","Reitsma, Gerda: North West University - South Africa"	Compared to other subjects Technology Education (TE) is regarded as a new subject both nationally and internationally. In the absence of an established subject philosophy Technology educators had little alternative than to base their professional teaching and learning practices on approaches from other fields of knowledge and to adapt these. TE is one of the compulsory subjects for learners in South Africa from grade 4-9 since 1998. One of the challenges was the fact that no previous teacher training programmes existed for Technology thus new ones had to be developed. This research described what the necessary knowledge, skills and values are that a qualified Technology teacher should possess and determined if teacher training institutions in South Africa provide opportunities to develop this qualities. Qualitative research was used to provide insight into the nature of pre-service Technology training programmes in South Africa, in order to identify shortcomings in the pre-service training of Technology teachers. The population consisted of senior faculty who have experience in the developing of pre-service training programmes and the training of Technology teachers. Findings of the study suggest a greater focus on the training of Technology teachers as subject specialists by establishing standards that is appropriate for tertiary training in order to enhance the development of subject knowledge; subject specific pedagogical content knowledge by implementing micro lessons; revision of time, planning and facilities for the practising of subject skills; and sufficient opportunities to practise, analyse and reflect on teaching processes to develop appropriate teaching strategies.	"effective teaching","pre-service teacher training","programme development","TEACHER DEVELOPMENT","technology education",EDUCATION,FRAMEWORK,"PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000242174400002	The implementation and evaluation of a behaviour-based safety intervention at an iron ore mine	Moller, G. P.,Rothmann, S.	2006	SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES	9	3	None	North West University - South Africa	None	It is estimated that workers worldwide suffer 250 million accidents each year, with 330000 fatalities. This is despite the implementation of traditional safety interventions like safety engineering. Little emphasis has thus far been placed on behavioural interventions to improve safety culture and performance in the workplace. The aim of this study was to determine to what extent the safety culture and safety performance in an iron ore mine were affected by the implementation of a behaviour-based safety intervention. A longitudinal design was used. The sample consisted of 562 employees of an iron ore mine. The results showed that the implementation of the safety intervention brought about an improvement in the safety culture at the mine, and positively impacted on the number of lost-time injuries.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000243641700005	A performance evaluation of strategic environmental assessment (SEA) processes within the South African context	Retief, Francois	2007	ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REVIEW	27	1	10.1016/j.eiar.2006.08.002	North West University - South Africa	None	SEA has been described as being more about process than about product. Yet very little research has been conducted to gain a better understanding of how SEA processes perform within developing country contexts. To address this gap in knowledge the research underlying this paper aimed to evaluate the quality of SEA processes within the South African context against specifically designed key performance indicators. Comparison of the different data patterns revealed general SEA process features as well as three broad models, namely the 'stand alone', 'central to decision making' and 'integrated' models. The research results suggest a particularly poor performance in terms of process quality for the SEA case studies investigated. Moreover, it shows that there is no one understanding of SEA process within the South African context. The main limitations related to a weak understanding of the decision making processes SEA aimed to inform, as well as an inability to incorporate flexibility into process design. To take the debate forward it is proposed that SEA follow-up and effectiveness research be explored to determine which of these models (if any) ultimately contributed to influencing decision making and promote sustainability. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.	"key performance indicators","PERFORMANCE EVALUATION","process quality","STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000278488800003	Evaluation of the Cummins theoretical framework for higher education in South Africa	Coetzee-Van Rooy, Susan	2010	SOUTHERN AFRICAN LINGUISTICS AND APPLIED LANGUAGE STUDIES	28	1	10.2989/16073614.2010.488443	North West University - South Africa	None	In the context of the successful bilingual education of children, the value of the theoretical framework of Jim Cummins is acknowledged by educators and researchers worldwide. This framework is also used extensively in South Africa to provide a structure for educators and researchers that are interested in the relationships between bi- and/or multilingualism and academic success in schools. Cummins consistently describes the context (types of learners, educational and political system, language landscape) within which his theoretical framework is operational and is careful not to extrapolate findings and implications to other contexts. Despite this sensitive approach to context, the framework is extended to the higher-education context in South Africa regularly. The extension of this framework beyond its original context to the higher-education context in South Africa attests to the engagement of higher-education practitioners to understand the relationship between language (specifically medium of instruction) and academic success in South Africa, as well as to the 'face validity' of the framework. In this article, the appropriateness of applying the Cummins theoretical framework to the higher-education context in South Africa is evaluated. Implications for the use of the framework in this context are explored.	,LANGUAGE	None	None
WoS	WOS:000286937000013	An evaluation of the impact of a community-based adherence support programme on ART outcomes in selected government HIV treatment sites in South Africa	Ebrahim, R.,Grimwood, A.,Igumbor, J. O.,Jason, A.,Scheepers, E.	2011	AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV	23	2	10.1080/09540121.2010.498909	North West University - South Africa, Absolute Return Kids, Kheth Impilo	"Igumbor, J. O.: North West University - South Africa",	This study assessed the impact of a community-based adherence support service on the outcomes of patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). The evaluation was a retrospective study based on patient clinical records. This study noted that a significantly higher proportion of patients with a community-based adherence supporter (also known as a patient advocate, PA) had viral load (VL) of less than 400 copies/ml at six months of treatment (70%, p = 0.001); a significantly higher proportion of patients with PAs (89%) attained a treatment pickup rate of over 95% (67%; p = 0.021). Patients at health facilities with PA services maintained a suppressed VL for a longer period as opposed to patients at health facilities without PA services (p = 0.001), also patients at health facilities with PA services remained in care for longer periods (p = 0.001). Therefore, the study concludes that integrated community-based adherence support is crucial in ensuring that patients remain in care, regularly pickup their treatment from ART clinics and are virologically suppressed. The study also underscores the importance of access to health services and the presence of an enabling environment in the treatment of AIDS.	ADHERENCE,AIDS,"antiretroviral therapy (ART)","community-based support",HIV,"patient advocates (PA)","ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",EFFICACY,INTERVENTION,"MEDICATION ADHERENCE",PREDICTORS,"PROTEASE INHIBITORS",SURVIVAL	None	None
WoS	WOS:000262852700008	A practice-based evaluation of an on-line writing evaluation system: First-World technology in a Third-World teaching context	Louw, Henk,Spencer, Brenda	2008	LANGUAGE MATTERS	39	1	10.1080/10228190802321061	North West University - South Africa, University of South Africa	"Louw, Henk: North West University - South Africa","Spencer, Brenda: University of South Africa"	The core question interrogated by Spencer and Louw in this article is: 'What is the theoretical best practice in using computer-assisted language learning (CALL) for automated response to student writing, and how effectively can this be applied to the South African teaching context?' To answer this question, we discuss the advances represented by the Criterion(SM) Online Writing Evaluation system, a web-based service developed by ETS (Educational Testing Service) to evaluate student writing and provide feedback. Theory is juxtaposed with application. A practice-based evaluation of the implementation of this programme at the Potchefstroom Campus of the North-West University was conducted in which the Criterion service was used by approximately 1 000 students per year, in 2005 and 2006. The students were enrolled in English /, Academic Literacy, English for Law Students and English for the Professions. One of the authors, Henk Louw, acted as administrator for this project. This article explores the advantages and challenges of implementing this American technology in a South African teaching context.	"automated essay evaluation",CALL,"CALL implementation","on-line essay evaluation","response to student writing"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84857278136	Seasonal weather events and their impact on buildings around Mafikeng, North West Province, South Africa	Kabanda T.H., Palamuleni L.G.	2011	Life Science Journal	8	SUPPL. 1	None	North West University, Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, P/Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa	Kabanda, T.H., North West University, Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, P/Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa; Palamuleni, L.G., North West University, Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, P/Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa	The study used time series analysis of climatic data (1978 to 2009) of rainfall, temperature and wind to investigate the impact of extreme weather events on buildings and their surroundings in Mafikeng, South Africa. Questionnaires were administered on 100 households in order to establish residents' experiences on seasonal weather events. Mafikeng and its environs, belong to arid climate regions; it features a long term mean seasonal rainfall of approximately 76mm and it receives a unimodal rain season which starts in October and end in April of the following year. In this study, the results reveals that Mafikeng experienced the highest rainfall during the 1997 with a seasonal rainfall mean of 117 mm and the lowest rainfall was experienced during the 1991 season (32 mm). The 1997 rainfall resulted into waterlogging and leaking of roofs in the homes. Extreme temperatures were experienced in the area during 1992 summer season where the highest mean maximum temperature of 37°C was recorded. Usually the maximum temperature in Mafikeng range between 25°C and 32°C. The lowest minimum temperature (-7.5°C) was observed in 1994 during the cold season. The study identified that the extreme weather events in Mafikeng are associated with building fatigue, which resulted into structural damages such as cracked walls, windblown roofs, dust accumulating indoors from dust storms and noise pollution. The study highlights the need for maintaining appropriate building standards, designs and regular review of standards in Mafikeng and its surroundings in order to address climate extreme and the climate change issues.	Climate change; Mafikeng; Seasonal weather events	None	None
None	None	Evaluating land cover change and its impact on hydrological regime in Upper Shire river catchment, Malawi	Palamuleni L.G., Ndomba P.M., Annegarn H.J.	2011	Regional Environmental Change	11	4	10.1007/s10113-011-0220-2	North West University, Mmabatho, South Africa; University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa	Palamuleni, L.G., North West University, Mmabatho, South Africa; Ndomba, P.M., University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Annegarn, H.J., University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa	A study was conducted to investigate hydrological impacts of land cover changes in the degradation of the hydrological on flow regimes of the Upper Shire river, Malawi. Remote sensing techniques were used to inventory temporal changes of land cover changes in the catchment. Hydrological data were analyzed to reveal the alterations and trends for two periods; 1989 and 2002. The study revealed significant changes in magnitude and direction that have occurred in the catchment between 1989 and 2002, mainly in areas of human habitation. Trends in land cover change in the Upper Shire river catchment depict land cover transition from woodlands to mostly cultivated/grazing and built-up areas. The land cover mapping showed that 23% of the land was covered by agricultural land in 1989. Subsistence agricultural area has increased by 18%, occupying 41% of the study area in 2002. The effects of the derived land cover changes on river flow in the Upper Shire river were investigated using the semi distributed soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model. River flows were found to be highly variable and sensitive to land cover changes. Simulation results show that 2002 land cover data produces higher flow peaks and faster travel times compared to the 1989 land cover data. The changes detected indicate the effects of land use pressure in the catchment. The study highlights the importance of considering effects of land use and land cover changes on ecosystems, and water resources for an informed decision on proper catchment planning and management. © 2011 Springer-Verlag.	Hydrological regimes; Land cover change; Malawi; Mass curves; Shire River	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896796367	The impact of a developmental movement programme on the performance of rural hearingimpaired children on the Griffiths Scales of Mental Development	Bothma J.-M.V.D.M., Dunn M., Kokot S.	2014	South African Journal of Psychology	44	1	10.1177/0081246313516254	North West University, PO Box 1088, Harrismith, 9880, South Africa; University of South Africa, South Africa	Bothma, J.-M.V.D.M., North West University, PO Box 1088, Harrismith, 9880, South Africa; Dunn, M., North West University, PO Box 1088, Harrismith, 9880, South Africa; Kokot, S., University of South Africa, South Africa	Being hearing impaired does not only affect a child's academic performance, but can also influence his or her overall development and ability to succeed academically. Neurodevelopmental movement programmes are generally not accepted as evidenced-based practice, and their effect on academic performance is often underrated. Movement, however, is regarded by many as being essential to learning, and there seems to be a positive interchange between the brain and the body. This article reports on research conducted on the impact of a neurodevelopmental movement programme on the development of 4- to 8-year-old hearing-impaired children. Children were selected from a special needs school in QwaQwa, a rural area in the Free State province of South Africa. Two groups of children (one an experimental and the other a comparison group) were used in this research, with both groups undergoing a pre-test and post-test phase using the Griffiths Mental Development Scales-Extended Revised. The experimental group was subjected to a 14-week neurodevelopmental movement programme. The comparison group underwent a placebo intervention. The results indicate that the children in the experimental group showed an improvement in some aspects of specific development following the intervention (locomotor functioning, performance-related abilities, and practical reasoning skills). General developmental age showed significant improvement in both the experimental group and the comparison group. This result may support the critique against movement programmes, where the placebo effect is offered as the reason for change in children participating in movement programmes. The results of this empirical investigation aid in understanding the impact of movement programmes on a hearing-impaired child's general development. © The Author(s) 2014.	Child development; Developmental movement programme; Griffiths Scales; Hearing impaired; Movement	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84910095520	The impact of staff turnover on performance: A case of the North west provincial department of South Africa	Molefi M.A., Moroke N.D., Tlholoe K.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	23	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n23p117	North West University, RSA, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa; North West University, RSA, South Africa	Molefi, M.A., North West University, RSA, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa; Moroke, N.D., North West University, RSA, South Africa; Tlholoe, K.	There is a general consensus regarding the effects of high staff turnover on the smooth running of various institutions. The purpose of this study is to establish the effect of staff turnover on performance of employees in the North West Provincial Department of South Africa. Questionnaires and document analysis were blended to capture authenticity and exhaustiveness of the data. Participants included the 70 employees in the said department who all filled and returned the questionnaire. Both inferential and descriptive statistics were used to present the results. A chi-square analysis was used as a method for data analysis in this study. Descriptive statistics were also used to describe the profiles of employees. The findings showed that the majority of employees are dissatisfied due many reasons and this causes lots of voluntary resignations among employees. Low productivity in the department is as a result of employee dissatisfaction borne as a result of management’s ignorance. The study recommends that the department should improve on mechanisms of getting feedback from its staff members regarding problems that have been identified as causes of high staff turnover rates. In addition, staff taking over duties performed by those who exited must be given proper orientation and recognition for going an extra mile. It was further recommended to the management of this organisation to give an exceptional attention to controllable factors such as, performance appraisals, salaries, interrelations between staff, orientation of newly appointed employees, etc. A relevant continual training was also recommended to prepare employees for promotions and development. © 2014 Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Employee performance; Labour costs; Resignation; Staff turnover	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903965360	Assessment of the reliability and validity of student-lecturer evaluation questionnaire: A case of North West University	Montshiwa V.T., Moroke N.D.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	14	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n14p352	North West University, South Africa	Montshiwa, V.T., North West University, South Africa; Moroke, N.D., North West University, South Africa	The study assessed the reliability and the validity of student-lecturer evaluation questionnaire used at the North West University in South Africa. The questionnaire was first used during the second semester of the year 2011 and was distributed to all students registered and present for lectures for piloting. This tool has not been tested for statistical significance before it could be implemented. It was however circulated on round robin to academics across the University for their inputs before it could be finalised. A total of 442 questionnaires distributed to students on a particular day of the year 2013 was analysed using Statistical Analysis Software version 9.3. Preliminary data analysis results provided enough evidence to conclude that the selected sample was adequate with the correlation matrix confirming the appropriateness of factor analysis. Cronbach's alpha confirmed that individual and collective constructs in the questionnaire are reliable. Exploratory factor analysis results helped in rearranging the student-lecturer evaluation questionnaire collecting the 26 statements into four factors instead of the original five. The results obtained in this study will be presented to the academic development centre of the university and suggestions based on the findings about the questionnaire will also be given. The tool may also through the permission of the university be recommended to schools in the area.	Cronbach's alpha; Exploratory factor analysis; Reliability; Student lecturer evaluation questionnaire; Validity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892491530	The impact of patent protection and lack of generic competition on the right of access to medicines in South Africa: Explicating corporate responsibilities for human rights	Muswaka L.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	2	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n2p229	North West University, South Africa	Muswaka, L., North West University, South Africa	In the case of Cipla Medpro v Aventis Pharma (139/12) Aventis Pharma SA v Cipla Life Sciences (138/12) [2012] ZASCA 108, the court stated, 'Where the public is denied access to a generic during the lifetime of a patent that is the ordinary consequence of patent protection and it applies as much in all cases.' This remark brings into the arena the issue of the impact of patent protection and the lack of generic competition on the fundamental right to have access to medicines provided for in the Constitution of South Africa and recognized in various regional and international human rights instruments and declarations. The right to have access to medicines can be assured if a sustainable supply of affordable medicines can be guaranteed. However, when sustainability of supply can be guaranteed, new medicines are often too expensive for poor people and governments in the developing countries. This paper seeks to investigate the challenge posed by intellectual property, specifically pharmaceutical patents, which human rights activists blame for creating monopolies that keep medicines inaccessible or unaffordable, and which pharmaceutical companies extol as necessary incentive for expensive research and development. The aim is to provide recommendations, on how this challenge that arises when intellectual property (pharmaceutical patents) and human rights converge can be overcome by pharmaceutical companies. The paper concludes that the enjoyment of the fruits of one's intellectual property while at the same time preventing adverse human rights impacts is possible through a stakeholder and human rights oriented corporate governance approach.	Corporate governance; Human rights; Intellectual property; Monopoly; Patents	None	None
WoS	WOS:000319744300003	MITIGATING THE IMPACT OF EDUCATIONAL POLICIES IN RURAL KENYA	Boske, C,Diem, S,Mwita, Miriam Bageni,Wasonga, Teresa	2012	GLOBAL LEADERSHIP FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE: TAKING IT FROM THE FIELD TO PRACTICE	14	None	10.1108/S1479-3660(2012)0000014005	Northern Illinois University	"Wasonga, Teresa: Northern Illinois University",	In this chapter, we argue that injustices experienced by children in Kenyan schools can be traced back to educational policies and corruption in government. However, few studies have focused on the links between policies, injustices, and the work of principals. Data collected on the work of school principals indicated that individual commitments and developing capacity for leadership in schools through the practice of dispositional values resulted in success.	,GENDER	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84863471615	The secular and the sacred in the thinking of John Milbank: A critical evaluation	Vorster N.	2012	Journal for the Study of Religions and Ideologies	11	32	None	North-West University, Faculty of Theology, South Africa	Vorster, N., North-West University, Faculty of Theology, South Africa	This article examines John Milbank's deconstruction of secular social theory, and the counter master narrative that he proposes. Milbank depicts secular social theory as based on an ontology of 'violence'. Instead, he proposes a participatory Christian master narrative based on an ontology of peace. Two questions are posed in this article. First, is Milbank's description of secular thought as under girded by an ontology of violence valid? Second, does the Christian counter narrative that he proposes provide an adequate and viable social theory? After explicating Milbank's analysis of secular social theory and his alternative of an ontology of peace, the article comes to the conclusion that Milbank's analysis of secular theory is seriously flawed because of the very comprehensive and universal content that he gives to the term 'violence'. His alternative social theory is also not viable because of the ecclesiocentric nature of his model. It is argued that Milbank's alternative narrative displays contradictions and does not escape theocratic, relativist and 'violent' elements. © SACRI.	Church; Gift; John milbank; Narrative; Ontology; Participation; Peace; Secular; Social theory; Violence	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84916638864	Teacher retention and quality education: Impact of rural incentives in North-West, South Africa	Poti J.G., Mutsvangwa A., Hove M.L.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	27	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n27p792	North-West Provincial Government, Mafikeng, South Africa; North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa	Poti, J.G., North-West Provincial Government, Mafikeng, South Africa; Mutsvangwa, A., North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa; Hove, M.L., North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa	In order to retain current qualified teachers in rural schools, largely in inaccessible areas, since they have the necessary skills and qualifications, a policy on incentives was signed by the education minister and published in the Government Gazette no 30678 on 18 January 2008. Its establishment was because rural areas are characterised by factors that negatively influence delivery of quality education. The problem is that ever since the introduction of the Teachers Rural Incentive Scheme, the latter has never been evaluated to validate its design objectives and projected impact. This article investigated, through an evaluative survey, the impact of rural incentives in retaining teachers and ensuring quality education in the rural schools of the North West Department of Education in South Africa. In an emerging economy such as South Africa, quality education becomes a yardstick for global comparability. © 2014, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Attrition; Capacitation; Incentive; Retention; Rurality; Urban spaces	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84910077104	Ndebele’s relationship with the liberal-humanists and an evaluation of the story-telling tradition	Mukhuba T.T.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	23	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n23p2425	North-West University (Mafikeng campus), Mafikeng, South Africa	Mukhuba, T.T., North-West University (Mafikeng campus), Mafikeng, South Africa	Literature, like all the other art-forms, cannot really be seen from one point of view as it subscribes to different schools of thought, with the schools constantly at loggerheads in relation to technique and content of a narrative. But must be clear here that the role of narrative depends largely on its persistence to complexity of a given historical situation without exhausting itself by an indulgence or pre-occupation with the history itself, for then it will inevitably trap itself within that given historical timeframe. This then gives rise to a saturation of what to write about and we then end up with a genre whose main characteristic, it would seem, is repetition. This on the surface is Ndebele’s stated position. This article will attempt to examine Njabulo Ndebele’s relationship with the liberal-humanist tradition and how his theory of the storytelling tradition developed. It will also explore his perceptions on protest fiction with its characteristic of expressing ‘mechanical surface representations. The main point here is to make a case for the relativity of all forms of literature by arguing for literary placement and criticism in context. © 2014, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84906899448	The impact of housing and basic service delivery on low-income communities in South Africa: The case of the northern free state region	Meyer D.F.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	13 SPEC. ISSUE	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n13p11	North-West University (Vaal Triangle Campus), South Africa	Meyer, D.F., North-West University (Vaal Triangle Campus), South Africa	This article investigates the impact of the provision of housing and basic services on poor communities in the northern Free State (NFS) region of South Africa. Service delivery and housing backlogs in poor communities have led to an increase in violent protest marches throughout the country. Poor communities seem frustrated with the rate of service delivery since the election of the first democratic government in 1994. A community household survey, which included 2 900 households, was conducted in 2013 in the NFS region and included twelve poor communities. The regional result was compared with four selected poor communities in the region, namely Moakeng (Moqhaka Local Municipality), Qalabotjha (Mafube Local Municipality), Tumahole (Ngwathe Local Municipality) and Zamdela (Metsimaholo Local Municipality). The impact of delivery of basic services and housing were analysed regarding poverty levels, as well as the relationship between the concepts of poverty and service delivery. Results of the survey indicate that 75.9 percent of the households reside in formal subsidised houses with high levels of ownership but a relatively low average monthly household income of only R1 458 ($140/month) relating to high levels of poverty. Only 35.6 percent of all households surveyed are of the subjective opinion that local government delivers quality services. More detailed results per specific area are analysed and discussed in the article. The results could play an important role in development policy formulation and policy adjustment. The results should also be taken into account in the formulation of local economic development (LED) plans for the areas under investigation with a focus on the benefits of housing delivery and associated basic services. Improved service delivery must be promoted by means of improved coordination between all spheres of government.	Housing provision; Local government; Northern Free State region; Poverty; Service delivery	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84916232358	The impact of the integration of literacy tasks on the literacy test results of computer applications technology learners	Lubbe E., Mentz E., Kroon J.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	27	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n27p478	North-West University Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa	Lubbe, E., North-West University Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Mentz, E., North-West University Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Kroon, J., North-West University Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa	Improving literacy is a world-wide challenge, especially in emerging economies. The inability to read and write has an economic and social impact on a country because it is linked to poverty, unemployment, social exclusion and crime. This study investigated the influence of the integration of theme-related literacy learning tasks in the grade 10 Computer Applications Technology (CAT) learning programme, on the literacy test results of grade 10 CAT learners as a possible solution to promote literacy. A total of 183 learners in the Dr Kenneth Kaunda District in the North West Province of South Africa participated in the study. Computer Applications Technology learners wrote a standardised literacy pre-test at the beginning of the year, and a post-test ten months later to determine whether the integration of theme-related literacy tasks had any influence on their literacy test results. From the results of the empirical study, the conclusion could be made that the conscientious fulfilment of the integrated theme-related literacy tasks in the grade 10 Computer Applications Technology learning programme had a positive influence on the literacy test results of learners. © 2014, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Computer applications technology (CAT); Functional literacy; Job skills; Literacy domain; Literacy level; Literacy test; Numeracy; Reading comprehension strategies; Work access; Writing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941961528	Specific performance as a primary remedy in the South African law of contract	Kanamugire J.C.	2015	Corporate Board: Role, Duties and Composition	11	2	None	North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa	Kanamugire, J.C., North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa	Specific performance is a primary remedy for breach of contract available for the aggrieved party. This order emphasises the performance of contractual obligations. Although the plaintiff can elect to claim specific performance from the defendant, the court has a discretion to grant or decline the order of specific performance. The discretion must be exercised judicially and does not confine on rigid rules. Courts decide each case according to its own facts and circumstances. Plaintiff has a right of election whether to claim specific performance from the defendant or damages for breach of contract. The defendant does not enjoy any choice in this matter. As a general rule, specific performance is not often awarded in the contract of services. However, recent developments have demonstrated that specific performance will usually be granted in employment contracts if there is equality of bargaining power among contracting parties and such order will not produce undue hardship to the defaulting party. Public policy generally favours the utmost freedom of contract and requires that parties should respect or honour their contractual obligations in commercial transactions. Public policy is rooted in the constitution and can sparingly be used to strike down contracts. Specific performance should not continue to be a primary remedy for breach of contract. Contracting parties should be allowed to resile from the contract and use damages as a remedy for breach of contract. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Breach of contract; Damages; Judicial discretion; Specific performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900534957	The impact of the companies act 71 of 2008 on the traditional director's duty to avoid conflict of interest	Chrysostome Kanamugire J.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	9	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n9p75	North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa	Chrysostome Kanamugire, J., North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa	The director's duty to avoid conflict of interest has been recognised and developed by common law. This duty includes various rules. The self-dealing rule precludes a director from acting on behalf of the company in a transaction where he/she has an interest. The fair dealing rule requires the director to disclose his or her interest if he/she wants to perform a transaction with the company, or has an interest in a contract that the company plans to conclude with a third party. The director is not allowed to make secret profits at the expense of the company, nor to act in conflict with his/her duty. The director is prohibited from taking corporate opportunities that rightfully belong to the company. Occasionally, this duty may continue to exist beyond the period a person has ceased to be a director. Directors should refrain from competing with their companies. Directors must also keep information confidential in the performance of their duties. The Companies Act 71 of 2008 has codified the traditional director's common law duty to avoid conflict of interest, specifically the self-dealing and fair dealing rules. The Companies Act provides for director's personal financial interests, standards of directors' conduct, liability of directors and prescribed officers, and indemnification and directors' insurance. The codification of the duty to avoid conflict of interest will promote good corporate governance in South Africa.	Avoid conflict of interest; Confidential information; Corporate opportunity; Fair dealing rule; Secret profit; Self-dealing rule	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943242920	Physical and motor performance predictors of lower body explosive power (LBEP) among adolescents in the North-West Province: Pahl study	Pienaar C., Kruger A., Monyeki A.M.A., Van der Walt K.N.	2015	South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation	37	2	None	North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa	Pienaar, C., North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Kruger, A., North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Monyeki, A.M.A., North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Van der Walt, K.N., North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa	The aim of this study was to develop a lower body explosive power (LBEP) prediction model from various physical and motor performance components among a cohort of male and female adolescents living in the Tlokwe local municipality of the North-West Province. A cross-sectional experimental research design was employed with 214 15-year-old adolescents (88 males; 126 females; mean age: 15.8±0.68 years), from six schools, two from the Potchefstroom city area and four from the Ikageng area. They were measured over a 7-day period. Informed consent and demographic questionnaires were completed followed by seven physical and 14 motor performance tests. Regression analyses indicated that gender and 10m-speed formed a significant component-derived prediction model for LBEP values in 15-year-old adolescents, with gender contributing 39% (R2=0.39) and 10m-speed contributing 7% (R2=0.07). Results show that 46% (R2=0.46) of the LBEP can be predicted by speed and gender components of adolescents. Variables other than physical and motor performance components contributed 54% to LBEP prediction in adolescents. The results could be used to identify adolescents who show potential to excel in LBEP performance driven sport. © 2015 University of Stellenbosch. All rights reserved.	Adolescents; Explosive power; Gender; Motor and physical performance; Prediction model	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949771155	Hedge fund performance evaluation using the kalman filter	van Vuuren G., Yacumakis R.	2015	Journal for Studies in Economics and Econometrics	39	3	None	North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Centre for Business Mathematics and Informatics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa	van Vuuren, G., North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Yacumakis, R., Centre for Business Mathematics and Informatics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa	In the capital asset pricing model, portfolio market risk is recognised through β while α summarises asset selection skill. Traditional parameter estimation techniques assume time-invariance and use rolling-window, ordinary least squares regression methods. The Kalman filter estimates dynamic α s and βs where measurement noise covariance and state noise covariance are known - or may be calibrated - in a state-space framework. These time-varying parameters result in superior predictive accuracy of fund return forecasts against ordinary least square (and other) estimates, particularly during the financial crisis of 2008/9 and are used to demonstrate increasing correlation between hedge funds and the market. © 2015, Universiteit Stellenbosch. All rights reserved.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84910079893	Principals’ perceptions about performance agreements as motivational action: Evidence from South Africa	Heystek J.	2014	Educational Management Administration and Leadership	42	6	10.1177/1741143214549425	Northwest University, South Africa	Heystek, J., Northwest University, South Africa	Principals, as one of the professional leaders in a school, are accountable for the quality of education in the school. This is a part of the normal job description and expectations for the person in such a post. In the South African context with a large number of underperforming schools, there is an intention to have an additional performance agreement as a part of performance management, to be signed by principals to hold them accountable for the expected examination results. This article investigated the understanding of principals of the possible motivational implications if the performance agreement is implemented. It also focuses on the issue of what may motivate principals to improve their performance towards sustainable quality education. Motivational theories are used as the lens to understand the principals’ perceptions of this performance agreement process. The focus group interviews indicated that most principals are not in favour of the intended implementation and that it may rather have a negative influence on their motivation levels. © The Author(s) 2014.	accountability; leadership; motivation; Performance management; professional	None	R 40 000, National Research Foundation
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892587693	The impact of government expenditure on the greek government debt: An econometric analysis	Mah G., Mukkudem-Petersen J., Miruka C., Petersen M.A.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	3	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n3p323	North-West University, South Africa	Mah, G., North-West University, South Africa; Mukkudem-Petersen, J., North-West University, South Africa; Miruka, C., North-West University, South Africa; Petersen, M.A., North-West University, South Africa	Sovereign debt crisis in advanced economies keep increasing and its government are implementing fiscal policies to reduce it. Greece is an example of a country whose government debt is a matter of grave concern since it has received the second bailout but still threatens to default. The main aim of this study is determine the impact of government expenditures and government incomes on government debt. This paper estimates the effect of government expenditure on debt in Greece via the vector error correction model framework and granger causality model with annual data from 1976 to 2011 which was collected from the World Development Indicators, European Commission data base and the International Monetary Fund. Vector Error correction Model framework is used to estimate our model and Vector Autoregression Granger causality to determine the direction of causation.The results show a significant negative relationship between gross government debt and gross national income as well as gross government debt and net foreign direct investment. A significant positive relationship is found between gross government debt and gross national expenditure and gross government debt and inflation. The past values of gross national expenditure and gross national income have a predictive ability in determining the present value of gross government debt and not vice versa. Knowing this effects will help policy makers of these countries and the world at larger to revisit its fiscal policy in order to reduce its debt and sustain it.	Government Debt; Granger causality; Greece; Gross National Expenditure; Vector Error Correction Model	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84942796538	Consumer preferences of Generation Y: Evidence from live music tourism event performances in South Africa	Kruger M., Saayman M.	2015	Journal of Vacation Marketing	21	4	10.1177/1356766715585903	North-West University, South Africa	Kruger, M., North-West University, South Africa; Saayman, M., North-West University, South Africa	Generation Y (born between 1982 and 2002) has caught the attention of researchers due to the sheer size of this consumer segment and also its significant spending power. The purpose of this exploratory research was to cluster Generation Y concertgoers to various concerts held in South Africa during 2012 and 2013 based on their age to identify and profile different market segments at the concerts. Data were collected at eight live music performances, during 2012 and 2013, by performers Linkin Park, Adam Lambert, Celtic Woman, Lady Gaga, Red Hot Chilli Peppers, Bon Jovi, Justin Bieber and Rodriguez. This resulted in a total factor analysis conducted to identify the main motives of Generation Yers to attend live music performances. Generation Yers were then divided into three groups based on their age in order to give a better idea of the differences among these concertgoers. Three Generation Y clusters were identified, namely, Tweens, Twixters and Tweeds. Analyses of variance, two-way frequency tables and χ2 tests showed significant differences between the segments in terms of socio-demographic and behavioural characteristics as well as motives. Based on the results, it is evident that generation theory needs to be taken into consideration, and it can be a useful tool to segment markets. © 2015, © The Author(s) 2015.	Generation theory; Generation Y; live music performances; South Africa	None	NRF, Neurosurgical Research Foundation
Scopus	2-s2.0-84916205419	Cash flow management: Assessing its impact on the operational performance of small and medium size enterprises at the Mafikeng local municipality in South Africa prior to the global financial crisis	Belobo A.B., Pelser F.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	27	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n27p226	North-West University, South Africa	Belobo, A.B., North-West University, South Africa; Pelser, F., North-West University, South Africa	Aims: This study propped up as a result of the repeated complaints from both electronic mails and customers’ about the underperformance of Mafikeng Small and Medium-Size enterprises after the global financial crisis. The authors were on the view that, poor operational performance experienced by Mafikeng SMEs was as a result of the negative effects on the cash flow of these businesses due to volatilities in the business environment in general prior to the global crisis. Thus, the paper was mainly aimed at determining the shortcomings experienced by these SMEs with regards to cash flow management. It was also aimed at suggesting possible measures to improve cash flow management of these SMEs in this tough time. Methods: A case study was conducted on 3 beverage suppliers, 27 bottle stores, 3 largest fast consumer goods super markets and 7 automobiles enterprises in the Mafikeng local municipality. The study made use of a mixed method approach. A purposive sampling was used in selecting SMEs that participated. Views and experiences of participants of the paper were captured through in-depth interviews. Data from the empirical investigation were interpreted using open coding and a simple percentage formula. Results: Findings from the empirical research reflected that majority of Mafikeng SMEs suffer poor operational performance prior to the global financial crisis primarily as a result of poor cash flow management. However, the empirical outcome also indicted other secondary factors contributing to this poor operational performance. Conclusion: Finally, the authors proposed possible measures that could be used to improve cash flow management and to solve other factors affecting operational performance in Mafikeng bottle stores in other to achieve better business performance. © 2014, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892598390	The impact of rising food prices on the households in a low income township in South Africa	Sekhampu T.J., Dubihlela D.	2012	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	3	3	10.5901/mjss.2012.v3n3p165	North-West University, South Africa	Sekhampu, T.J., North-West University, South Africa; Dubihlela, D., North-West University, South Africa	Food prices in South Africa have increased significantly in recent years. The impact of these price increases on many residents remains largely unknown. The study reported here analyzed the perceptions of households in a low income township of Bophelong (South Africa) in order to assess the impact of increases in food prices. The results are based on a household survey using questionnaires. The majority of households reported that they do not have enough income to meet their daily needs. The increase in prices in general was much higher for electricity and commuting. A logistic regression model was used to determine the socio-economic factors affecting the reported impact of increase in food prices. Married and employed household heads reported lower severity levels. Female-headed households reported higher severity levels of price increases. Household income, household size, age, educational attainment of the household head and the labour- force had no effect on the reported impact of prices. The article provides useful information to policy makers by providing information on the reported impact of rising food prices among low income households in a South African context.	Food prices; Inflation; Low income households; South Africa; Township	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84937977400	Killing from a distance: A christian ethical evaluation of CIA targeted drone killings	Vorster N.	2015	Heythrop Journal - Quarterly Review of Philosophy and Theology	56	5	10.1111/heyj.12262	North-West University, South Africa	Vorster, N., North-West University, South Africa	This article provides an ethical evaluation of the CIA's use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV's) to target so-called terror suspects and insurgents. It utilises Christian informed deontological and virtue-ethical criteria to assess this practise. These criteria include just intent, charity, proportionality, moral consistency, truthfulness, mercy, courage and prudence. The article concludes that the UAV target programme is morally problematic. The United States' 'kill not capture' policy as exemplified in the use of 'signature' strikes defies the virtues at stake. By using UAV's as tools for preventive warfare, utilising armed UAV's that are weapons of war outside areas of armed conflict and disregarding the principles of transparency, last resort and proportionality, the United States is employing UAV's in a morally illegitimate and imprudent way, and is setting precedents that might have dire consequences for global peace and the security of future generations. © 2015 Trustees for Roman Catholic Purposes Registered.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84899147082	The affect of innovation strategies and their connect to company performance	Pelser T.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	9	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n9p60	North-West University, South Africa	Pelser, T., North-West University, South Africa	The management of innovation is made difficult by the complexity, unpredictability and pace of turbulence in the environment which compresses the time horizons for strategic planning and increases the investment risk The main purpose of this study was to investigate innovation management practices in technology intensive industries and to explore their relationship to company performance. A non-probability, judgment sample of companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) were taken. The study makes a contribution to the field of strategic management research by integrating the dimensions of several previous studies, to derive a more comprehensive taxonomy of innovation strategy dimensions. Two distinct innovation strategy factors obtained with the analysis were proved to positively influence the company performance dimensions and were classified as New Product Innovation and Process Innovation factors. The results show that innovation strategy choices can significantly affect company performance. It thereby indicates which of the underlying dimensions have the strongest relationship with company performance. From an industry perspective, the greatest significance of these findings may be that they accentuate the importance of innovation policy in strategic management. The substantial differences in performance associated with the dimensions do not necessarily indicate that a given company should choose a particular innovation strategy, but rather indicates that innovation policy decisions may have a substantial leverage on a company's performance and should be analysed and exercised with care.	Company performance; Innovation policy; New product innovation; Process innovation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84899145208	The influence of technology strategies and their link to company performance	Pelser T.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	9	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n9p238	North-West University, South Africa	Pelser, T., North-West University, South Africa	The cutting edge of technology management goes beyond basic research and development (R&D) expenditures. Increasingly, corporate strategists are making a more precise distinction between technology and technology management. The main purpose of this study was to investigate technology strategies in widespread use in technology intensive industries and to explore their relationship to company performance. A non-probability, judgment sample of companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) were taken. The study makes a contribution to the field of strategic management research by integrating the dimensions of several previous studies, to derive a more comprehensive taxonomy of technology strategy archetypes. Two distinct technology factors obtained with the analysis were proved to positively influence the company performance dimensions and were classified as Product Development Intensity and Technology Focus factors. The results show that strategy choices can significantly affect company performance. It thereby indicates which of the underlying dimensions have the strongest relationship with company performance. From an industry perspective, the greatest significance of these findings may be that they accentuate the importance of technology policy in strategic management. The substantial differences in performance associated with the dimensions do not necessarily indicate that a given company should choose a particular technology strategy, but rather indicates that technology policy decisions may have a substantial leverage on a company's performance and should be analysed and exercised with care and deliberation.	Company performance; Product development intensity; Strategy dimensions; Technology focus; Technology strategy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-45749116610	"I have undergone some metamorphosis!" The impact of REds on South African educators affected by the HIV/Aids pandemic. A pilot study	Theron L.C.	2008	Journal of Psychology in Africa	18	1	None	North-West University, South Africa; School of Educational Sciences, Vaal Triangle Faculty, P. O. Box 1174, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South Africa	Theron, L.C., North-West University, South Africa, School of Educational Sciences, Vaal Triangle Faculty, P. O. Box 1174, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South Africa	The study investigated the efficacy of Resilient Educators (REds), a group intervention program, designed to empower educators affected by the HIV/Aids pandemic and is research in progress. Fifteen participants (three male; twelve female) from various primary schools in two different South African communities were involved. Participant ages ranged from early thirties to mid-fifties. A pre-test, post-test design was conducted. Visual data were collected in the form of symbolic drawings: participants drew symbols of their perception of the pandemic and explained the meaning of their chosen symbols either in writing or verbally. A qualitative comparison of these visual data suggested transformed perception and concomitant teacher empowerment. Prior to participation in REds, participants projected vulnerability. Following their participation, participant projections suggested self-empowerment and community mindedness. Participants perceived themselves capable of coping with the challenges of the pandemic. Copyright © 2008 Journal of Psychology in Africa.	Coping; HIV/AIDS; Perception; Resilience; Symbolic drawings; Visual data	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894436876	Impact of improved maize adoption on welfare of farm households in Malawi: A panel data analysis	Bezu S., Kassie G.T., Shiferaw B., Ricker-Gilbert J.	2014	World Development	59	None	10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.01.023	Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Scarborough, Canada; International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Partnership for Economic Policy, Nairobi, Kenya; Purdue University, West Lafayette, United States	Bezu, S., Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Scarborough, Canada; Kassie, G.T., International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Shiferaw, B., Partnership for Economic Policy, Nairobi, Kenya; Ricker-Gilbert, J., Purdue University, West Lafayette, United States	This paper assesses rural households' decision to use improved maize varieties in Malawi and examines its impact on household welfare using a three-year household panel data. The distributional effect of maize technology adoption is investigated by looking at impacts across wealth and gender groups. We applied control function approach and IV regression to control for possible endogeneity of input subsidy and area under improved maize. We found that area under improved maize varieties is positively correlated with own maize consumption, income and asset holdings. We found evidence that improved maize adoption has a stronger impact on welfare of poorer households. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.	Africa; Food security; Improved maize; Input subsidy; Malawi; Technology adoption	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84875046791	Efficacy evaluation of flavored combination parasiticide tablets in a laboratory study for the removal of natural Dipylidium caninum (tapeworm) infections in dogs	Barnett S., King S., Kok D., Luempert L.	2013	International Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine	11	1	None	Novartis Animal Health US, Inc., 3200 Northline Ave., Suite 300, Greensboro NC 27408, United States; ClinVet International (Pty) Ltd., PO Box 11186, Universitas, 9321, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Barnett, S., Novartis Animal Health US, Inc., 3200 Northline Ave., Suite 300, Greensboro NC 27408, United States; King, S., Novartis Animal Health US, Inc., 3200 Northline Ave., Suite 300, Greensboro NC 27408, United States; Kok, D., ClinVet International (Pty) Ltd., PO Box 11186, Universitas, 9321, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Luempert, L., Novartis Animal Health US, Inc., 3200 Northline Ave., Suite 300, Greensboro NC 27408, United States	A pivotal blinded laboratory study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of two novel formulations of flavored combination tablets against Dipylidium caninum in naturally infected dogs. One formulation was a 3-way combination of the active ingredients praziquantel, milbemycin oxime and lufenuron; the other was a 2-way combination of praziquantel and milbemycin oxime, both administered orally. The study also included a negative control group that received Sentinel ® Flavor Tabs® (milbemycin oxime and lufenuron) and a placebo control group that received vehicle placebo tablets. Each treatment or control group consisted of 10 dogs and the study was conducted in two phases. Dogs were housed in individual pens from Day -14 until necropsy on Day 12. The selection of study animals was based on infection with D. caninum as demonstrated by shed proglottids once before and once during the 14-day acclimatization period. Microfilaria tests were conducted on blood samples collected during acclimatization and only heartworm negative dogs were enrolled in the study. Dogs were blocked by weight and randomly assigned to treatment groups. Male and female animals were represented within every treatment group. Dogs in all groups were treated once on Day 0, within approximately 30 minutes of ingesting a full meal, and observed hourly for the first six hours post-treatment, and then again at 8, 10, 12, 18 and 24 hours post-treatment to determine acute tolerance. General health observations were performed daily for the duration of the study. Dogs were euthanized on Day 12 and the intestines were examined for the presence of D. caninum. One dog in the vehicle placebo group was removed from the trial on Day 6 due to ehrlichiosis. Tapeworms were recovered from 18 of 20 control dogs while no tapeworms were found in any of the dogs that received either the 3-way or 2-way combination tablets, which contained praziquantel. Therefore, the efficacy against naturally acquired D. caninum infection was 100% for both the 3-way and the 2-way combination tablets. Clinical abnormalities were confined to self-limiting gastrointestinal signs observed in both treatment and control groups.	Dipylidium caninum; Praziquantel; Tapeworm	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84878985790	Preliminary toxicological evaluation of some biochemical parameters and lipid profile in Thevetia Neriifolia seed oil supplemented diet in albino rats	Nwozo S.O., Ajayi I.A., Iorliam B.E.	2013	Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies	12	22	None	Nutrition and Industrial Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Industrial Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Nwozo, S.O., Nutrition and Industrial Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Ajayi, I.A., Industrial Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Iorliam, B.E., Nutrition and Industrial Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Thevetia Neriifolia was analyzed for fatty acid composition by using Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometer (GC-MS). The oil consist of 97.583% fatty acid of which the most abundant is the monounsaturated (C18H34O2) Oleic acid (52%), and the others are saturated fatty acids (C18H36O2) Stearic acid (25%) and the other Palmitic acid (C16H32O2). The physicochemical studies of the seed oil showed: acid value of 0.515 ± 0.27 mg KOH/g; 117.125±2.38 saponification value and 74.145 ± 0.784 iodine value. Growth performance in albino rats following a feeding period of 6 weeks, using 5%, 10% and 15% of the seed oil compounded feed showed a significant decrease in body weight gain and feed intake in 10% and 15% oil-based feed group relative to control. Enzymatic antioxidant, biomarkers of kidney/liver toxicity and lipid profile of visceral organs were evaluated.	Characteristics; Chemical composition; Feed formulation; Growth performance; Toxicological evaluations	None	None
WoS	WOS:000267888500001	Evaluation of HIV/AIDS secondary school peer education in rural Nigeria	Otte, Willem M.,van der Maas, Frank	2009	HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH	24	4	10.1093/her/cyn056	Nwofe Iseke	None	In this study, we assessed whether peer education is an effective method of HIV/AIDS awareness, in terms of knowledge, misconception and behavior, among adolescents in the rural area of Nigeria. A comparative case series (n = 250), cross-sectional structured survey (n = 135) and focus group discussions (n = 80) were undertaken among adolescents. In both the case series and structured survey, a questionnaire was used which addresses the following issues: socio-demography, knowledge on transmission and prevention of HIV/AIDS, accessibility to different sources of HIV/AIDS information, stigmatization and sexual behavior. Binary logistic regression was applied to compare responses from the peer-educated and not peer-educated populations. The model was adjusted for confounders. We demonstrated increased knowledge and decreased misconception and sexual risk behavior in adolescents receiving peer education as compared to adolescents not receiving peer education. These differences are apparent both over time (2005-2007) and cross-sectional (2007). In conclusion, peer education in rural areas can be effective in HIV/AIDS prevention. Knowledge and behavior can be influenced positively.	,"AFRICAN YOUTH",AIDS,"HIV PREVENTION PROGRAMS",KNOWLEDGE,PEOPLE,RISK	None	None
WoS	WOS:000318778100001	An impact evaluation design for the Millennium Villages Project in Northern Ghana	Acharya, Arnab,Barnett, Chris,Dogbe, Tony,Masset, Edoardo	2013	JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT EFFECTIVENESS	5	2	10.1080/19439342.2013.790914	O.P. Jindal Global University, University of Sussex, ITAD, Participatory Dev Associates Ltd	"Acharya, Arnab: O.P. Jindal Global University","Masset, Edoardo: University of Sussex",	This article details the design of an impact evaluation of the Millennium Villages Project in Northern Ghana. The evaluation is particularly challenging because the intervention cannot be randomised; it is clustered in a group of homogeneous communities and likely to generate spill-over effects. We propose a difference-in-differences design selecting control communities based on a propensity score and collecting five rounds of yearly data. We address a number of evaluation questions in relation to testing the breaking of the poverty trap, assessing project externalities, the role of qualitative research, cost-effectiveness and project synergies, sustainability and scalability in the presence of scale economies.	"COST EFFECTIVENESS","DIFFERENCE IN DIFFERENCES","evaluation design","Millennium Villages Project","poverty trap",AFRICA,DYNAMICS,MODEL,"POVERTY TRAPS"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84891712397	Libya's implosion and its impacts on children	Amusan L.	2013	Journal of International Women's Studies	14	5	None	Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, University of South Africa, South Africa	Amusan, L., Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, University of South Africa, South Africa	The Arab Spring's ripple effects on Libya led to the overthrow of Muammar Al- Qaddafi's government of over four decades. The regime change in Libya was not a smooth adventure. It led to a civil war, which impacted negatively on Libyan children. The seeds of discord that this war sowed in the once considered stable state shall be the focus of this discussion through the employment of descriptive and analytical methods. The contention of this study is that every actor in the civil war disregarded various international treaties that protect children and indigenous peoples during the war. This paper argues that the issue of children should be addressed through domestic legislation and international treaties the country is a signatory to. Also important is the resolution of problems of disarmament, demobilization, reintegration and reinsertion (DDRR)1 for a stable society in a divided post Al-Qaddafi government where different militias are in control of the state. ©2013 Journal of International Women's Studies.	Children; Civil war; Libya	None	None
WoS	WOS:000253025900010	Evaluation of health workers' training in use of the partogram	Adeyemi, A. B.,Fatusi, A. O.,Makinde, O. N.,Onwudiegwu, U.,Orji, E. O.	2008	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY &amp; OBSTETRICS	100	1	10.1016/j.ijgo.2007.07.020	Obafemi Awolowo University	"Adeyemi, A. B.: Obafemi Awolowo University","Fatusi, A. O.: Obafemi Awolowo University","Makinde, O. N.: Obafemi Awolowo University","Onwudiegwu, U.: Obafemi Awolowo University","Orji, E. O.: Obafemi Awolowo University"	Objective: To assess the impact of training on use of the partogram for tabor monitoring among various categories of primary health care workers. Methods: Fifty-six health workers offering delivery services in primary health care facilities were trained to use the partogram and were evaluated after 7 months. Results: A total of 242 partograms of women in tabor were plotted over a 1-year period; 76.9% of them were correctly plotted. Community health extension workers (CHEWs) plotted 193 (79.8%) partograms and nurse/midwives plotted 49 (20.2%). Inappropriate action based on the partogram occurred in 6.6%. No statistically significant difference was recorded in the rate of correct plotting and consequent decision-making between nurse/midwives and the CHEWs. Conclusion: Lower cadres of primary health care workers can be effectively trained to use the partogram with satisfactory results, and thus contribute towards improved maternal outcomes in developing countries with scarcity of skilled attendants. (c) 2007 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.	NIGERIA,partogram,"primary health care workers","TRAINING PROGRAM",LABOR,MANAGEMENT,MIDWIVES,"ORGANIZATION PARTOGRAPH"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000310741000009	Impact of a School-Based Sexual Abuse Prevention Education Program on the Knowledge and Attitude of High School Girls	Fajemilehin, Reuben B.,Ogunfowokan, Adesola A.	2012	JOURNAL OF SCHOOL NURSING	28	6	10.1177/1059840512446949	Obafemi Awolowo University	"Fajemilehin, Reuben B.: Obafemi Awolowo University","Ogunfowokan, Adesola A.: Obafemi Awolowo University"	Sexual abuse has been considered a public health issue because of the various health implications resulting from it. The school nurse has a responsibility in assisting the high school girl to prevent victimization. This study adopted a quasi-experimental design in which a sexual abuse prevention education package was developed and used to educate high school girls in a selected school in Nigeria. Evaluation of the impact of the package revealed a significant increase in the knowledge mean scores of the girls at first postintervention stage and this increase was maintained at second postintervention stage. No significant shift was observed for the attitude of the girls. Education is a significant tool that could be used in improving the knowledge of sexual abuse prevention among high school girls, but attitude supporting sexual abuse prevention can only be improved when myths of sexual abuse are corrected in the larger society.	"attitude toward rape victim scale","Betty Neuman Health Care Systems Model","HEALTH EDUCATION","HIGH SCHOOL","SCHOOL NURSE","SEXUAL ABUSE",BEHAVIOR,CHILDREN,NIGERIA	None	None
WoS	WOS:000285526700005	The impact of internet use on teaching, learning and research activities in Nigerian universities A case study of Obafemi Awolowo University	Nwezeh, Chinwe M. T.	2010	ELECTRONIC LIBRARY	28	5	10.1108/02640471011081960	Obafemi Awolowo University	None	Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of internet resources and the evaluation of their usefulness on teaching, learning and research in Nigerian universities with particular emphasis on Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach - The paper is based on a descriptive survey using questionnaires for data collection. The respondents constitute students (750) and academic staff (115) from OAU. Descriptive statistics (frequency counts and percentages) were used to analyze the data. Findings - The results from the paper reveal that a majority of the surveyed academic staff and the students found the internet to be very useful. Internet resources mostly used by both groups were e-mail and the world wide web (WWW). Search interfaces were used for looking for research information. It was discovered that the users were not given adequate user education to enable them make use of the internet resources available. Originality/value - That the internet is widely used is not a surprise, but the paper points to the fact that more conscious efforts must be made in the introduction of user education and information literacy programmes, as well as in staff training on information and communication technology resources in the library.	"INFORMATION LITERACY",INTERNET,NIGERIA,"university libraries","USER STUDIES",INFORMATION	None	None
WoS	WOS:000317797800002	Impact of health informatics on nurses' computer skills and the role of the library	Ajayi, N. A.	2013	ELECTRONIC LIBRARY	31	2	10.1108/02640471311312357	Obafemi Awolowo University	None	Purpose - The concept of the paper is how the library can be a useful framework for designing nurses' computer skills. The overarching aim of the research is to focus on how the computer skills involved in nurses' increasing access to health informatics can be used to improve nursing practice, consequently leading to better health care delivery. The objectives involved in achieving this aim include: finding out the level of nurses' computer literacy; finding out nurses' quest for electronic information for problem-based nursing practice; investigating nurses' level of awareness of research-based nursing practice; and finding out areas of desirability of informatics in nursing practice. Design/methodology/approach - The measuring instrument used was a self-administered questionnaire to senior nursing cadres in the Teaching Hospitals Complex, lie-He, Nigeria. There were 230 nurses in these categories, of whom 180 were given questionnaires to fill in. The questionnaire was pre-tested and validated. A total of 167 copies were returned and found to be usable. Simple percentages and a summation weighted index were used to analyse the data. Findings - The paper provides empirical insight into nurses' computer skills and the library's role. The majority of the respondents did not have knowledge of computers; in the School of Nursing they learned it through various means while practising, while a few could access and retrieve information from the available databases. Some difficulties were expressed, such as workload, lack of skills, location of the library with regard to the hospital, etc. The desirability of the introduction of health informatics to the profession is high. Research limitations/implications - The study is limited to a teaching hospital and the results may not be generalisable to non-teaching hospitals, hence the need for further studies. Practical implications - The impact of health informatics on nurses' computer skills and the library's role will save nurses from routine work, enhance their productivity, and will equip them better for the challenges that information technology presents for health professionals. Originality/value - This paper fulfils and identifies the need to introduce health informatics to nursing practice in order to improve patient care.	"ACADEMIC LIBRARIES","ELECTRONIC LIBRARIES",HOSPITALS,LIBRARIES,NIGERIA,NURSES,"SKILLS TRAINING",ATTITUDES	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892597722	The examination of the effect of participation in entrepreneurial development programmes on enterprise performance: A case of small-scale business in Nigeria	Olugbenga A.F.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	1	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n1p237	Obafemi Awolowo University, Centre for Distance Learning, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria	Olugbenga, A.F., Obafemi Awolowo University, Centre for Distance Learning, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria	Entrepreneurial Development programmes have contributed significantly to small-scale business development. Their impact includes increased business income, accelerated business growth, improved productivity and increased sales. The success story of Entrepreneurial Development programmes notwithstanding, they have problem of excluding small entrepreneurs due to accessibility of the programmes, finance, timing duration and lack of awareness of the programme. This study examined the effect of Entrepreneurial Development programmes on enterprises development and performance.The study area was Ondo State of Nigeria. The study carried out a comparative study of different types of small-scale business entrepreneurs. Questionnaires were administered to small-scale business entrepreneurs. This study concluded that participation in Entrepreneurial Development programmes had a positive impact on the performance of small-scale business in Nigeria.	Entrepreneur; Entrepreneurial Development programmes; International Labour Organisation; National Directorate of Employment; Small-scale business	None	None
WoS	WOS:000316322300003	Economic Impacts of Integrated Agricultural Research for Development (IAR4D) in the Sudan Savanna of Nigeria	Adekunle, Adolphus Adekunle,Adeyemo, Victoria Adeyemi,Akinola, Akinboye Adebayo,Ayanwale, Adeolu Babatunde	2013	AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT REVIEW-REVUE AFRICAINE DE DEVELOPPEMENT	25	1	10.1111/j.1467-8268.2013.12011.x	Obafemi Awolowo University, Forum Agr Res Africa	"Adeyemo, Victoria Adeyemi: Obafemi Awolowo University","Akinola, Akinboye Adebayo: Obafemi Awolowo University","Ayanwale, Adeolu Babatunde: Obafemi Awolowo University",	This paper assesses the potential economic impacts of Integrated Agricultural Research for Development (IAR4D) conceived to address observed low productivity, prevailing poverty level, slow growth and general underperformance of the agricultural sector associated with the traditional agricultural and rural development (ARD) approach. The economic surplus analysis suggested that IAR4D research and extension, with respect to maize production, could achieve returns ranging from 30 to 38 per cent and a maximum adoption of 25 to 50 per cent for the conservative and baseline scenario, respectively. Similarly, with the same range of maximum adoption, the approach could yield returns ranging from 22 to 29 per cent for the conservative and baseline scenario, respectively in millet production. However, the same range of adoption could result in 29 to 37 per cent for the conservative and baseline scenario, respectively in sorghum production. The estimated benefits are sensitive to expected adoption rates but much less so to changes in research and extension costs. However, the estimates indicate that the production of all the crops was socially profitable under the IAR4D option. Our results were consistent with earlier economic analyses which showed that IAR4D was more productive, profitable and acceptable to farmers than the conventional Research for Development (R&amp;D) approach.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33748307618	Performance analysis of listed construction and real estate companies in Nigeria	Abdul-Rasheed A., Tajudeen A.B.	2006	Journal of Real Estate Portfolio Management	12	2	None	Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Abdul-Rasheed, A., Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Tajudeen, A.B., Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	The acquisition of shares in investment companies specializing in real estate have become a popular form of indirect property investment. However, the publicly listed real estate and construction companies are only a minute portion of the total commercial real estate market, and the speed of securitization has been very slow in Nigeria. This paper examines the investment performance of listed property and construction companies from 1998 to 2005 with a view to developing their competitive and comparative advantage in attracting investment. The risk-adjustment performance of the companies, assessed through Sharpe ratios, show that both property and construction companies do not perform better than stocks, but, nevertheless, do offer diversification possibilities due to their low correlation with the stock market.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873738800	Trade credit and performance of firms in Nigeria	Ojenike J.O., Asaolu T.O., Olowoniyi A.O.	2013	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	56	None	Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria	Ojenike, J.O., Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria; Asaolu, T.O., Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria; Olowoniyi, A.O., Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria	This study analyzed the effect of trade credit on firm's performance. Panel data framework was fitted to the secondary data obtained from 70 sampled firms for the period 2000-2009. Data collected were analyzed using panel econometric approach of fixed effect, random effect and Hausman test. The result indicates that trade credit positively influenced Net Profit Margin (NPM), return on investment (ROI) and return on capital employed (ROCE) by firms. The finding implied that trade credit financing is an integral part of doing business for firms especially those that find raising funds from the credit market difficult and could not generate adequate internal funds for their working capital requirements. © EuroJournals, Inc. 2012.	NPM; ROA; ROCE; ROI; Trade credit	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84866315692	Comparative Evaluation of Adolescents' Use of Public Libraries in the Nigerian States of Osun and Oyo	Bamise O.F., Oyedapo R.O.	2012	Public Library Quarterly	31	3	10.1080/01616846.2012.707110	Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria	Bamise, O.F., Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria; Oyedapo, R.O., Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria	This study compares the utilization by adolescents age 12-17 of public libraries in Osun and Oyo States in Nigeria. The study utilized interviews and a checklist as data-gathering techniques. Some 414 volunteer adolescent users were selected, with males predominating. Of the respondents, 51.7 percent were in the libraries to read their own books. Of the respondents from Oyo State Public Library, 99 percent were aware of library Internet services compared to only 22 percent from Osun State. Users specified two major problems: no good display of library materials and lack of up-to-date materials on subjects in which students were interested. The authors suggest several policy changes to improve adolescent services in the two libraries. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	adolescent use of libraries; children's services; Nigerian libraries; student use of public libraries; youth services	None	None
WoS	WOS:000260643400001	An evaluation of the performance of private transport companies in selected Southwestern of Nigeria	Aworemi, J. R.,Ilori, M. O.	2008	AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT	2	8	None	Obafemi Awolowo University, Ladoke Akintola Univ Technol	"Ilori, M. O.: Obafemi Awolowo University",	This paper evaluates the performance of Private Transport Companies in Southwestern, Nigeria. It also ascertains the influence of the identified variables on the performance of the companies. A Sample size of 270 respondents was purposively selected among registered private transport companies in the Study area. Correlation and regression analyses techniques were adopted in analyzing the collected data. The results of the findings showed a significant correlation between the performance of private transport companies and each of the independent variables of age of establishment ( r = 0.593), staff strength ( r = 0.647), wages/salary trends ( r = 0.54) and total number of functioning vehicles ( r = 0.539) and these variables had a strong, positive and significant relationships and are answerable for the performance that is measured in terms of return on investment of the private transport companies in the study area. The result of regression analysis showed that, the coefficients of the total number of employees (X-2), the government regulations on inputs such as petroleum products and auto-spare parts (X-3), costs of maintenance/ operation (X-6), state of the roads (X-7), useful life age of the vehicles (X-9) and effects of telecommunication (X-11) contributed significantly to the variation in the level of performance of private transport companies at both 5 and 10% levels.	evaluation,passenger,PERFORMANCE,"private transport",VEHICLES	None	None
WoS	WOS:000313654400002	Impact of intimate partner violence on anxiety and depression amongst women in Ile-Ife, Nigeria	Adewuya, O. A.,Afolabi, O.,Akinsulore, A.,Aloba, O. O.,Makanjuola, R. O. A.,Mapayi, Boladale,Mosaku, S. K.	2013	ARCHIVES OF WOMENS MENTAL HEALTH	16	1	10.1007/s00737-012-0307-x	Obafemi Awolowo University, Lagos State Univ	"Afolabi, O.: Obafemi Awolowo University","Akinsulore, A.: Obafemi Awolowo University","Aloba, O. O.: Obafemi Awolowo University","Makanjuola, R. O. A.: Obafemi Awolowo University","Mapayi, Boladale: Obafemi Awolowo University","Mosaku, S. K.: Obafemi Awolowo University",	Research into intimate partner violence in the Nigerian environment has been limited. The objective of this study was to determine, amongst a sample of women attending the Enuwa Primary Health Care Center, Ile-Ife, the association between intimate partner violence and anxiety/depression. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 373 women who attended the antenatal clinic and welfare units of a primary health centre in Ile-Ife using the Composite Abuse Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and a socio-demographic scale as instruments. Slightly over a third (36.7 %) reported intimate partner violence within the past year, 5.6 % had anxiety and 15.5 % were depressed. Anxiety and depression in the respondents were significantly associated with intimate partner violence. Women were ten times more likely to report being depressed and 17 times more likely to report anxiety if they were in violent relationships. This research has shown that the magnitude of intimate partner violence within the study population is comparable to those found in the developing countries. There are significant associations between intimate partner violence, anxiety and depression amongst the study population and this fact undoubtedly has implications for the mental health of the Nigerian woman.	Anxiety,DEPRESSION,Ile-Ife,"intimate partner violence","PRIMARY HEALTH",ABUSE,ADULT,GENERAL-PRACTICE,HEALTH,"HOSPITAL ANXIETY",MENTAL-DISORDERS,POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS,PREVALENCE,SCALE,SOUTH-AFRICA	None	None
WoS	WOS:000272079000003	The Impact of Caregiving on the Health and Well-being of Kenyan Luo Grandparents	Heh, Victor,Ice, Gillian H.,Juma, Elizabeth,Yogo, Jaja	2010	RESEARCH ON AGING	32	1	10.1177/0164027509348128	Ohio University, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr	"Ice, Gillian H.: Ohio University",	As the HIV/AIDS pandemic progresses in Africa, elders are increasingly responsible for the care of orphans. Several reports suggest that elderly Africans do not have the resources to provide care and are at risk of poor health, but few studies have systematically measured health of caregivers. The Kenyan Grandparents Study is a longitudinal study designed to compare elder Luo caregivers to noncaregiving peers. Several measures of health were collected, including body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, glucose, and hemoglobin. In addition, self-perceived health and mental health were measured using the MOS Short-Form 36 (SF-36). It was hypothesized that caregivers would have poorer health than noncaregivers and that the difference in health would widen over the three waves of the study. Caregiving did not affect physical health but did act to decrease mental health and perceived health over time.	Africa,AGING,HIV/AIDS,ORPHANS,GLUCOCORTICOIDS,GRANDCHILDREN,ILLNESS,"KISWAHILI VERSION",PATTERNS,POPULATION,SF-36,STRESS,TANZANIA,"WESTERN KENYA"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84876830116	Impact of facilities on academic performance of students with special needs in mainstreamed public schools in Southwestern Nigeria	Oluremi F.D., Olubukola O.O.	2013	Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs	13	2	10.1111/j.1471-3802.2011.01228.x	Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria	Oluremi, F.D., Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria; Olubukola, O.O., Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria	Facilities have a great impact on academic performances of students, and inadequate facilities translate to poor performance. The study examined the availability and convenience of the facilities that were provided to students with special educational needs in mainstreamed schools. It ascertained the qualifications of teachers teaching in mainstreamed public secondary schools. It determined the relationship between availability of facilities and academic performance of students with special educational needs; and also compared the academic performance of male and female students with special educational needs. The results showed that essential facilities and materials like hand railings, hearing aids, Braille, instructional materials, and lower toilets were not available, although the few that were available (typewriters, resource rooms, wheel chairs) were in poor condition. The study showed that specialist teachers were inadequate in mainstreamed public schools in Southwestern Nigeria. There was a significant relationship between availability of facilities and academic performance of students with special educational needs. However, there was no significant difference between the academic performance of male and female students with special educational needs. The study concluded that inadequate provision of facilities and materials to mainstreamed public schools would lead to poor academic performances of students with special educational needs. Finally, adequate funding of integrated schools would help to overcome the problem of provision and maintenance of special equipment and materials for the use of students with special educational needs. © 2012 The Authors. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs © 2012 NASEN.	Facilities; Integrated schools; Mainstreaming; Nigeria; Students with special educational needs	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77957606832	Motivational variables and academic performance of urban and rural secondary school students in Oyo state, Nigeria	Adepoju T.L.	2008	KEDI Journal of Educational Policy	5	2	None	Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria	Adepoju, T.L., Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria	This study examined the degree of relationship among motivational variables and academic performance of students in secondary school certificate examinations (SSCE) in Oyo State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. 100 secondary schools and 1000 senior school students were selected using probability proportional to size and simple random sampling methods respectively. Data collected were analyzed using percentages, multiple regression and t-test statistics. The study showed among other thingsthat there was an enhanced relationship of each of the motivational variables in respect to academic performance with the provision of learning materials (X2) as the most predictor variable, followed by employment of private teachers (X3) and conducive school environment (X7), respectively. Suggestions were made to improve the performances of students in schools. © Korean Educational Development.	Academic performance; Motivational variables; Rural schools; School certificate; Urban schools	None	None
WoS	WOS:000320195300008	Impact of an Educational Program on the Use of Standardized Nursing Languages for Nursing Documentation Among Public Health Nurses in Nigeria	Odutayo, Patience Omonigho,Ogunfowokan, Adesola Adenike,Olaogun, Adenike Ayobola,Oluwatosin, Abimbola Oyeninhun	2013	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING KNOWLEDGE	24	2	10.1111/j.2047-3095.2013.01239.x	Obafemi Awolowo University, Sch Nursing	"Ogunfowokan, Adesola Adenike: Obafemi Awolowo University","Olaogun, Adenike Ayobola: Obafemi Awolowo University",	Purpose To measure the effect of an educational package on documentation of care among public health nurses (PHNs). Method A quasi-experimental design was adopted. Forty PHNs working in primary healthcare settings were selected. Education was given through a 5-day workshop. Documentation of care was assessed using a modified Muller-Staub Q-DIO instrument. Data were analyzed using t test third and twelfth months postintervention. Findings There was a significant improvement on documentation of care at p = .0001. Conclusion Educating PHNs and providing them with standardized nursing care plans enhance documentation of care. Implication to Practice A combination of education on the use of standardized nursing languages and standardized nursing care plans can enhance documentation of care. There is a need for more research on the use of standardized nursing languages in developing nations.	"Clients' documentation","Public Health Nurse","standardized nursing language",DIAGNOSES,IMPLEMENTATION	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33847092967	Evaluation of library services delivery in Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria	Bamigboye O.B.	2007	Library Management	28	3	10.1108/01435120710727992	Olabisi Onabanjo University Library, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria	Bamigboye, O.B., Olabisi Onabanjo University Library, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria	Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to present an evaluation of library services delivery in Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye. Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach - A total of 400 questionnaires were administered to respondents, of which 387 (96.75 percent) were returned and used for this study. Findings - The results of the study indicated that the users' demands of library service represent a wide range of aspects, including the availability of conventional books and periodicals, a good reference function, and access to internet facilities, which are considered an important library function by many of the respondents. Originality/value - The paper presents recommendations aimed at improving services delivery.	Customer satisfaction; Information services; Library users; Nigeria; Service delivery; User studies	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-67549105494	The performances of commercial banks in post-consolidation period in Nigeria: An empirical review	Somoye R.O.C.	2008	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	14	None	Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria; P.O.Box 1104, Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State, Nigeria	Somoye, R.O.C., Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria, P.O.Box 1104, Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State, Nigeria	The current credit crisis and the transatlantic mortgage financial turmoil have questioned the effectiveness of bank consolidation programme as a remedy for financial stability and monetary policy in correcting the defects in the financial sector for sustainable development. Many banks consolidation had taken place in Europe, America and Asia in the last two decades without any solutions in sight to bank failures and crisis. The paper attempts to examine the performances of government induced banks consolidation and macro-economic performance in Nigeria in a post-consolidation period. The paper analyses published audited accounts of twenty(20) out of twenty-five(25) banks that emerged from the consolidation exercise and data from the Central Banks of Nigeria(CBN). We denote year 2004 as the pre-consolidation and 2005 and 2006 as post-consolidation periods for our analysis. We notice that the consolidation programme has not improved the overall performances of banks significantly and also has contributed marginally to the growth of the real sector for sustainable development. The paper concludes that banking sector is becoming competitive and market forces are creating an atmosphere where many banks simply cannot afford to have weak balance sheets and inadequate corporate governance. The paper posits further that consolidation of banks may not necessaily be a sufficient tool for financial stability for sustainable development and this confirms Megginson(2005) and Somoye(2006) postulations. We recommend that bank consolidation in the financial market must be market driven to allow for efficient process. The paper posits further that researchers should begin to develop a new framework for financial market stability as opposed to banking consolidation policy. © EuroJournals, Inc. 2008.	Consolidation; Financial sector; Profitability; Real sector	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84934299363	Effects of selected tropical legume and oil seeds on egg quality and performance of laying hens in Nigeria	Akanji A.M., Ogungbesan A.M., Ologhobo A.D.	2015	Tropical Agriculture	92	1	None	Olabisi Onabanjo University, College of Agricultural Sciences, Dept. of Animal Production, Ayetoro, Ogun State, Nigeria; Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Akanji, A.M., Olabisi Onabanjo University, College of Agricultural Sciences, Dept. of Animal Production, Ayetoro, Ogun State, Nigeria; Ogungbesan, A.M., Olabisi Onabanjo University, College of Agricultural Sciences, Dept. of Animal Production, Ayetoro, Ogun State, Nigeria; Ologhobo, A.D., Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Raw jack-beans, bambara groundnuts and benne seeds were fed to exotic hens in a six - week experimental study to assess their toxicological effects on egg quality and laying performance. The legume and oil seeds selected for this study were used to replace soy bean meal at 25% and 50% levels. Egg weight and hen - day production were significantly (P<0.05) reduced in birds fed 25% and 50% raw benne seed - based diets. Feed conversion ratio was significantly (P<0.05) increased in birds fed 50% raw benne seeds. Egg yolk index and haugh unit were significantly (P<0.05) reduced across the groups. The reductions were however more pronounced in birds fed 50% raw jack beans and 50% raw benne seeds respectively. The whole egg protein was similar in all the groups. The yolk protein and albumen protein were however significantly (P<0.05) reduced across the groups. The fat contents of the whole eggs and yolk were more significantly (P<0.05) reduced in birds fed 50% raw jack beans and 50% bambara groundnuts respectively. Regression analysis revealed significant (P<0.05) correlations between egg weight and haemagglutinin (r = -0.47), tannin, (r = -0.55),; Yolk index and haemagglutinin (r = -0.54), trypsin inhibitor (r = -0.51); Haugh unit and tannin (r = -0.68), oxalate (r = -0.51); Yolk protein and haemagglutinin (r = -0.48), trypsin inhibitor (r = -0.48). © 2015 Trop. Agric. (Trinidad).	Eggs; Hens; Oil seeds; Raw legumes	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84875995518	Impact of reciprocal peer-tutoring on secondary school students' achievement in large physics classes in Nigeria	Oludipe B.D.	2009	Ubiquitous Learning	1	2	None	Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun, Nigeria	Oludipe, B.D., Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun, Nigeria	This study investigated the impact of Reciprocal peer-tutoring on senior secondary students' Achievement in large Physics classes in Nigeria. It adopted the pretest-posttest control group quasi-experimental design. One hundred and ninetyfour intact class of students (112 males and 82females) with a mean age of 15.7 years, SD= 1.7 from four co-educational secondary schools in Edo State, Nigeria constituted the sample for the study. A Physics Achievement Test (PAT) consisting of fifty items in multiple-choice format was used for data collection. Data was analyzed using simple descriptive statistics and t-test. Results revealed that reciprocal peer tutoring improved students' achievement in Physics in large classes significantly. However, no significant effect of reciprocal peer-tutoring on gender was found. The findings from this study tend to suggest that reciprocal peer-tutoring could be a panacea for dealing with the problems of Physics achievement deficits in large class sizes. In effect, policy makers may not need to bother reducing large class sizes but encourage Physics teachers to employ reciprocal peer-tutoring to facilitate students' learning. © Common Ground, Bimbola D. Oludipe, All Rights Reserved.	Achievement; Large class size; Peer-tutoring; Physics; Reciprocal teaching; Secondary school	None	None
None	None	Long-term performance following rights issues and open offers in the UK	Ngatuni P., Capstaff J., Marshall A.	2007	Journal of Business Finance and Accounting	34	42371	10.1111/j.1468-5957.2006.00653.x	Open University of Tanzania, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania; University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Strathclyde, 100 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 OLN, United Kingdom	Ngatuni, P., Open University of Tanzania, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania; Capstaff, J., University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom, Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Strathclyde, 100 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 OLN, United Kingdom; Marshall, A., University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom	This study finds evidence of significant long-term underperformance following rights issues made during 1986-95 in the UK. The findings are resilient to a number of methodological controls. In contrast, our results for a smaller sample of open offers made during 1991-95 show strong positive performance over a 5-year post-issue period, implying that firms making open offers had better growth prospects than firms making rights issues. During 1986-90, a period when open offers were rarely used, firms appeared to be making rights issues to exploit overvaluation. However, this was not evident for rights issues made during 1991-95, a period when open offers were more commonly used. © 2007 The Authors Journal compilation © 2007 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.	Long-term performance; Open offers; Rights issues	None	None
None	None	Theoretical and Experimental Optical Evaluation and Comparison of Symmetric 2D CPC and V-Trough Collector for Photovoltaic Applications	Paul D.I.	2015	International Journal of Photoenergy	2015	None	10.1155/2015/693463	Open University of Tanzania, P.O. Box 23409, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Paul, D.I., Open University of Tanzania, P.O. Box 23409, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	This paper presents theoretical and experimental optical evaluation and comparison of symmetric Compound Parabolic Concentrator (CPC) and V-trough collector. For direct optical properties comparison, both concentrators were deliberately designed to have the same geometrical concentration ratio (1.96), aperture area, absorber area, and maximum concentrator length. The theoretical optical evaluation of the CPC and V-trough collector was carried out using a ray-trace technique while the experimental optical efficiency and solar energy flux distributions were analysed using an isolated cell PV module method. Results by simulation analysis showed that for the CPC, the highest optical efficiency was 95% achieved in the interval range of 0° to ±20° whereas the highest outdoor experimental optical efficiency was 94% in the interval range of 0° to ±20°. For the V-tough collector, the highest optical efficiency for simulation and outdoor experiments was about 96% and 93%, respectively, both in the interval range of 0° to ±5°. Simulation results also showed that the CPC and V-trough exhibit higher variation in non-illumination intensity distributions over the PV module surface for larger incidence angles than lower incidence angles. On the other hand, the maximum power output for the cells with concentrators varied depending on the location of the cell in the PV module. © 2015 Damasen Ikwaba Paul.	None	None	None
None	None	The effects of nonuniform illumination on the electrical performance of a single conventional photovoltaic cell	Paul D.I., Smyth M., Zacharopoulos A., Mondol J.	2015	International Journal of Photoenergy	2015	None	10.1155/2015/631953	Open University of Tanzania, P.O. Box 23409, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Centre for Sustainable Technologies, School of the Built Environment, University of Ulster, Jordanstown Campus, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, County Antrim, United Kingdom	Paul, D.I., Open University of Tanzania, P.O. Box 23409, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Smyth, M., Centre for Sustainable Technologies, School of the Built Environment, University of Ulster, Jordanstown Campus, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, County Antrim, United Kingdom; Zacharopoulos, A., Centre for Sustainable Technologies, School of the Built Environment, University of Ulster, Jordanstown Campus, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, County Antrim, United Kingdom; Mondol, J., Centre for Sustainable Technologies, School of the Built Environment, University of Ulster, Jordanstown Campus, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, County Antrim, United Kingdom	Photovoltaic (PV) concentrators are a promising approach for lowering PV electricity costs in the near future. However, most of the concentrators that are currently used for PV applications yield nonuniform flux profiles on the surface of a PV module which in turn reduces its electrical performance if the cells are serially connected. One way of overcoming this effect is the use of PV modules with isolated cells so that each cell generates current that is proportional to the energy flux absorbed. However, there are some cases where nonuniform illumination also exists in a single cell in an isolated cells PV module. This paper systematically studied the effect of nonuniform illumination on various cell performance parameters of a single monocrystalline standard PV cell at low and medium energy concentration ratios. Furthermore, the effect of orientation, size, and geometrical shapes of nonuniform illumination was also investigated. It was found that the effect of nonuniform illumination on various PV cell performance parameters of a single standard PV cell becomes noticeable at medium energy flux concentration whilst the location, size, and geometrical shape of nonuniform illumination have no effect on the performance parameters of the cell. © 2015 Damasen Ikwaba Paul et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84911935982	High Performance Organizations Framework as a Predictor of Firm Performance in the Insurance Industry in Ghana	Honyenuga B.Q., Tuninga R.S.J., Ghijsen P.W.T.	2014	Journal of Transnational Management	19	4	10.1080/15475778.2014.960786	Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, Netherlands; Ho Polytechnic, Ho, Ghana; Kingston University London, Kingston Hill, United Kingdom	Honyenuga, B.Q., Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, Netherlands, Ho Polytechnic, Ho, Ghana; Tuninga, R.S.J., Kingston University London, Kingston Hill, United Kingdom; Ghijsen, P.W.T., Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, Netherlands	Changes in the business environment in general and in emerging countries, in particular, challenges business organizations to rethink new ways of managing performance in order to survive. This research applied an HPO framework to find out the extent to which it explains performance in the insurance industry in Ghana. The study adopted a quantitative deductive approach and analyzed the link between the HPO framework and firm performance using multiple regression. The findings revealed that three out of the five HPO factors, namely continuous improvement and renewal, and workforce quality and long-term orientation have positive influences on firm performance. The findings have useful implications for managers of companies in emerging countries. © 2014, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.	emerging countries; firm performance; Ghana; High Performance Organizations; insurance industry	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84960798554	Evaluation of cortisol concentrations in saliva as a measure of stress in patients having routine dental extractions	Umeanuka O.T., Saheeb B.D., Uguru C.C., Chukwuneke F.N.	2015	British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery	53	6	10.1016/j.bjoms.2015.03.011	Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University of Nigeria, Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria; University of Benin, Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria	Umeanuka, O.T., Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University of Nigeria, Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria; Saheeb, B.D., University of Benin, Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria; Uguru, C.C., Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University of Nigeria, Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria; Chukwuneke, F.N., Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University of Nigeria, Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria	We measured changes in the salivary concentrations of cortisol as an index of stress, and to find out if patients were stressed during routine intra-alveolar dental extractions. A total of 126 patients (63 experimental and 63 controls) matched for age and sex with a mean (SD) age of 26 (5) years (range 18-40) were recruited. Samples of saliva from patients whose glands had not been stimulated were collected twice from the study group (30 minutes before, and 10 minutes after, the procedure) and once from the control subjects. All samples were collected between 10.00 and 14.00 hours to standardise the method and control for the diurnal variation of cortisol. There was a slight but not significant increase in the mean salivary concentration of cortisol between the preoperative samples (mean (SD) 12.3 (1.5) ng/ml and the postoperative samples 12.8 (2.3) ng/ml in the study group) and the control 8.7 (1.0) ng/ml. However, there was no difference between the sexes. The study highlights a simple but effective way of evaluating stress in patients having intra-alveolar dental extraction, and emphasises the invaluable role of salivary cortisol in the evaluation of stress (particularly in our environment). © 2015 The British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.	Extraction; Salivary cortisol; Stress	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34249793226	The impact of motivation on student's academic achievement and learning outcomes in mathematics among secondary school students in Nigeria	Tella A.	2007	Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education	3	2	None	Osun State College of Education, School of Science, Department of Mathematics, P.O. Box 207, Ila-Orangun, Osun State, Nigeria	Tella, A., Osun State College of Education, School of Science, Department of Mathematics, P.O. Box 207, Ila-Orangun, Osun State, Nigeria	In our match towards scientific and technological advancement, we need nothing short of good performance in mathematics at all levels of schooling. In an effort to achieve this, this study investigated the impact of motivation on students' school academic achievement in mathematics in secondary schools using motivation for academic preference scale (α = 0.82) as a measuring instrument and achievement test in mathematics (ATM) Two hypotheses were tested for significant at 0.05 margin of error using t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) Results showed that gender difference were significant when impact of motivation on academic achievement was compared in male and female students. Also other result indicates significant difference when extent of motivation was taken as variable of interest on academic achievement in mathematics based on the degree of their motivation. Implications, suggestions and recommendations on students, parents, government, counsellors, educational stakeholders, etc were discussed. Copyright © 2007 by Moment.	Academic achievement; Learning outcome; Mathematics; Motivation; Nigeria; Secondary school students	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78049468494	The influence of leadership style on the performance of subordinates in Nigerian libraries	Fatokun J.O., Salaam M.O., Ajegbomogun F.O.	2010	Library Philosophy and Practice	2010	SEPTEMBER	None	Osunkeye Food and Nutrition Collection, Nimbe Adedipe Library, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Deputy University Librarian, Nimbe Adedipe Library, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Readers' Services Librarian, Nimbe Adedipe Libra	Fatokun, J.O., Osunkeye Food and Nutrition Collection, Nimbe Adedipe Library, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Salaam, M.O., Deputy University Librarian, Nimbe Adedipe Library, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Ajegbomogun, F.O., Readers' Services Librarian, Nimbe Adedipe Library, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000277417200015	Development of a Language-Independent Functional Evaluation	Beier, Klaus P.,Boggess, Tony,Chan, Lilliene,Haig, Andrew J.,Jayarajan, Senthil,Juang, Derek,Kalpakjian, Claire,Loar, Jesse,Maslowski, Eric,Owusu-Ansah, Bertha,Tinney, Melissa,Yamakawa, Karen S.	2009	ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION	90	12	10.1016/j.apmr.2009.05.025	Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Temple University, University of Ghana, University of Michigan, University of Michigan System, Vet Hosp Huntington	"Beier, Klaus P.: University of Michigan","Beier, Klaus P.: University of Michigan System","Chan, Lilliene: University of Michigan","Chan, Lilliene: University of Michigan System","Haig, Andrew J.: University of Michigan","Haig, Andrew J.: University of Michigan System","Jayarajan, Senthil: Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE)","Jayarajan, Senthil: Temple University","Juang, Derek: University of Michigan","Juang, Derek: University of Michigan System","Loar, Jesse: University of Michigan","Loar, Jesse: University of Michigan System","Maslowski, Eric: University of Michigan","Maslowski, Eric: University of Michigan System","Owusu-Ansah, Bertha: University of Ghana",	Haig AJ, Jayarajan S, Maslowski E, Yamakawa KS, Tinney M, Beier KP, Juang D, Chan L, Boggess T, Loar J, Owusu-Ansah B, Kalpakjian C. Development of a language-independent functional evaluation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2009;90:2074-80. Objective: To design, validate, and critique a tool for self-report of physical functioning that is independent of language and literacy. Design: Software design and 2 prospective trials followed by redesign. Setting: United States and African university hospitals. Participants: Outpatient and inpatient competent adults with diverse physical impairments. Interventions: (1) Software design process leading to a Preliminary Language-Independent Functional Evaluation (Pre-L.I.F.E.); (2) patient surveys using a printed Pre-L.I.F.E. and a computer-animated Pre-L.I.F.E. tested in random order, followed by a questionnaire version of the standard Barthel Index; and (3) software redesign based on objective and qualitative experiences with Pre-L.I.F.E. Main Outcome Measures: Validation of the general concept that written and spoken language can be eliminated in assessment of function. Development of a refined Language-Independent Functional Evaluation (LIFE.). Results: A viable Pre-L.I.F.E. software was built based on design parameters of the clinical team. Fifty Americans and 51 Africans demonstrated excellent (Cronbach alpha&gt;0.8 Americans) and good (alpha&gt;.425 Africans) reliability. In general, the relations between Pre-L.I.F.E. and Barthel scores were excellent in the United States (interclass correlation coefficient for stair climbing, .959) but somewhat less good in Africa, with elimination functions very poorly related. The computer-animated Pre-L.I.F.E. was faster and trended to be more reliable than the printed Pre-L.I.F.E. in both the United States and Africa. Redesign meetings corrected statistical and qualitative challenges, resulting in a new tool, the L.I.F.E. Conclusions: Literacy and language translation can be eliminated from some aspects of functional assessment. The new LIFE., based on solid empirical evidence and design principles, may be a practical solution to assessment of function in the global culture.	Africa,"DISABILITY EVALUATION","EDUCATIONAL STATUS",EPIDEMIOLOGY,LANGUAGE,"Outcome assessment (health care) Rehabilitation","STROKE REHABILITATION"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84862492644	Self-reported generalised anxiety and psychomotor test performance in healthy South Africans	Van Wijk C.H.	2012	South African Journal of Psychology	42	1	None	P. O. Box 494, Simon's Town, 7995, South Africa	Van Wijk, C.H., P. O. Box 494, Simon's Town, 7995, South Africa	Tests like the Grooved Pegboard may have specific value in South Africa in the context of screening for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. However, there are inconsistent findings on the relationship between self-reported anxiety and neuropsychological performance in healthy adults, and in particular on tests of psychomotor functions such as the Form Board and Grooved Pegboard. Given the potential value, it is important to clarify the relationship between self-reported anxiety and performance on psychomotor tests among South African samples. Two studies are presented here. One sample of 170 young adults (19-30 years) completed the Form Board and Grooved Pegboard, after completing an anxiety scale. A second sample of 1,056 healthy adults (19-49 years) completed the Grooved Pegboard only after completing an anxiety scale. Age, gender, and education have previously been found to confound performance on these tests, and they were thus entered into a Multiple Regression Analysis, together with anxiety. In the first study, anxiety did not contribute significantly to performance variance. In the second study, both gender and anxiety did contribute significantly, and separate gender group regressions were thus done. Anxiety did not have a negative influence on performance in the female group, but it did contribute significantly to reducing performance in the male group. In review of these findings, this study cautions that anxiety may confound psychomotor test performance, and that clinicians need to be aware of its potential influence. © Psychological Society of South Africa.	Form board; Gender differences; Grooved pegboard; Psychomotor performance; Self-reported anxiety	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884940483	Impact of urban effluents on the macroinvertebrates of a Creek in Accra, Ghana	Baa-Poku J., Asante F., Amakye J.S.	2013	West African Journal of Applied Ecology	21	1	None	P. O. Box Os 943 Osu, Accra, Ghana; Koforidua Polytechnic, P. O. Box KF 981, Koforidua Eastern Region, Ghana; CSIR-Water Research Institute (CSIR), P.O. Box AH 38, Achimota, Accra, Ghana	Baa-Poku, J., P. O. Box Os 943 Osu, Accra, Ghana; Asante, F., Koforidua Polytechnic, P. O. Box KF 981, Koforidua Eastern Region, Ghana; Amakye, J.S., CSIR-Water Research Institute (CSIR), P.O. Box AH 38, Achimota, Accra, Ghana	The impact of effluents on the macroinvertebrate communities of an urban creek in Accra was studied. Five study stations were selected along the reaches of the creek. Water and benthic samples were collected and analyzed between September 2005 and February 2006. The study showed that the effluent discharges caused a significant increase in BOD, COD and NH3 at the stations that received the effluents. The high levels of total and faecal coli forms at the midstream sections of the creek (626.0 x 104 cfu/100 ml and 75.30 x 104 cfu/100 ml, respectively) indicated increased pollution levels compared to the reference stations (446.0 x 103 cfu/100 ml and 133.0 x 103 cfu/100 ml). The Nima Creek showed characteristics of a disturbed urban creek. A total of 19 macroinvertebrate taxa, comprising a total of 11,613 individuals, were collected. Estimated Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (H) was low at the midstream section of the creek, H'= 1.14, where the effluents were concentrated than at the upstream H'=1.44 or downstream H'= 1.38 sections of the creek. Chironomini and Physa were the most abundant taxa within the creek, dominated by the genus Chironomus, which is known to be tolerant to pollution, which confirmed the polluted state of the creek. Rigorous and regular assessment and monitoring of effluents from waste treatment plants and other sources that discharge into the creek, with the aim of complying with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidelines are some of the mitigative measures suggested to protect life in the creek.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956014792	Evaluation of cosmetic appearance of herniotomy wound scars in African children: Comparison of tissue glue and subcuticular suturing	Ademuyiwa A.O., Sowande O.A., Adejuyigbe O., Usang U.E., Bakare T.I.B., Anyanwu L.J.C.	2009	Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery	42	2	10.4103/0970-0358.59282	Paediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria	Ademuyiwa, A.O., Paediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria; Sowande, O.A., Paediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria; Adejuyigbe, O., Paediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria; Usang, U.E., Paediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria; Bakare, T.I.B., Paediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria; Anyanwu, L.J.C., Paediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria	Aim: To evaluate the cosmetic appearance of herniotomy wound scars closed using either the tissue glue or subcuticular suturing technique. Materials and Methods: Prospective randomised control study; randomisation into tissue glue and suturing groups. Ethical clearance obtained. Cosmetic outcome were based on visual analogue scale by parents and Hollander wound evaluation scale by a Plastic Surgeon blinded to the wound closure method. Results: Fifty one wounds were evaluated, 26 in the tissue glue group and 25 in the suturing group. Parents′ evaluation using Visual Analogue scale (VAS) showed that in the suturing group, 17 parents (68%) gave a VAS of 8cm while six parents (24%) gave a score of 7cm. Two parents (8%) gave a score of 9cm. In the tissue glue group, 22 parents (84.6%) scored the scar of their children as 8 or 9cm on the VAS while four parents (15.4%) gave a score of 7cm. The median VAS was 8cm for both groups with a range of 7 to 9cm. The Chi- square test showed that the parents preferred tissue glue compared with subcuticular suturing (X2 = 7.90, P &lt; 0.05). The Hollander Wound Evaluation Scale (HWES) used by Plastic Surgeon showed 21 herniotomy wounds (84%) had a score of 6 in the suturing group while four wounds (16%) had a score of 5. In the tissue glue group, 19 wounds (73%) had a score of 6, six wounds (23.1%) had a score of 5 and a patient (3.8%) had a score of 4. The median score is 6 for both groups. There was no statistically significant difference between both groups (X2 = 1.481, P = 0.393). Conclusion: This study has shown that the cosmetic outcome of wound closure using the tissue glue technique and subcuticular suturing technique are similar.	Scars on African skin; tissue glue; wound healing in Africans	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84929516788	Solving the challenges of monitoring mobile populations: insights from studies of waterbirds in southern Africa	Thomas H.L., Hockey P.A.R., Cumming G.S.	2015	Ostrich	86	42371	10.2989/00306525.2015.1005720	Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom	Thomas, H.L., Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Hockey, P.A.R., Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Cumming, G.S., Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa	Highly mobile species are difficult to monitor. It is often unclear from abundance estimates whether a population is genuinely declining or simply elsewhere. If the spatial and temporal scales of monitoring are inadequate, the data will only be useful if the signal is very strong (i.e. the change in population size is large). We explored the ability of three major databases – the Southern African Bird Atlas Project (SABAP), the Coordinated Waterbird Counts (CWAC) and the South African Bird Ringing Unit (SAFRING) – to reveal the movement patterns of a highly mobile African waterbird, the Red-billed Teal Anas erythrorhyncha. Only ring recovery data provided clear evidence of long-distance movement. All three data sets were compromised to varying degrees by methodological biases and spatial and/or temporal resolutions that prevented the detection of movement patterns. By incorporating abundance estimates, increasing and quantifying sampling effort, and extending coverage at the data collection stage, the potential for these data sets to contribute to our understanding of bird movements could be greatly improved. Monitoring programmes for mobile species must be tested at an early stage to assess their ability to explain spatial and temporal population variation at the scales at which such variation occurs. © 2015, Copyright © NISC (Pty) Ltd.	Anas erythrorhyncha; atlas data; count data; CWAC; population monitoring; Red-billed Teal; ring recoveries; SABAP; scale; southern Africa; spatiotemporal variation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84886018578	Pre-school children's performance on repeat-pattern tasks	Hutchinson E., Pournara C.	2014	Education as Change	18	1	10.1080/16823206.2013.847015	Parkmore Nursery School, South Africa; University of Witwatersrand, South Africa	Hutchinson, E., Parkmore Nursery School, South Africa; Pournara, C., University of Witwatersrand, South Africa	This study explored the performance of eight pre-school children on a range of tasks involving repeat patterns. Task-based interviews were conducted where children were required to produce their own pattern, to copy and extend a given pattern, and to complete missing parts of a pattern. The findings show that most children were able to copy and extend a repeat pattern, but few could produce their own repeat pattern. While most children tended to focus on 'what comes next', some children paid attention to pattern structure, but were not able to isolate the pattern element. Evidence is provided of inconsistent performance by individual children across tasks, which provides new insights into children's developing sense of repeat patterns. © 2013 © 2013 The University of Johannesburg.	early childhood numeracy; mathematical patterns; pattern element; repeat patterns	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949679202	Improving district facility readiness: A 12-month evaluation of a data-driven health systems strengthening intervention in rural Rwanda	Iyer H.S., Kamanzi E., Mugunga J.C., Finnegan K., Uwingabiye A., Shyaka E., Niyonzima S., Hirschhorn L.R., Drobac P.C.	2015	Global Health Action	8	1	10.3402/gha.v8.28365	Partners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Kigali, Rwanda; Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States; Partners In Health, Boston, United States; Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States; Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda; Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States; Ariadne Labs, Boston, United States	Iyer, H.S., Partners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Kigali, Rwanda, Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States; Kamanzi, E., Partners In Health, Boston, United States; Mugunga, J.C., Partners In Health, Boston, United States; Finnegan, K., Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States; Uwingabiye, A., Partners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Kigali, Rwanda; Shyaka, E., Partners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Kigali, Rwanda; Niyonzima, S., Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda; Hirschhorn, L.R., Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States, Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States, Ariadne Labs, Boston, United States; Drobac, P.C., Partners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Kigali, Rwanda, Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States	Background: While health systems strengthening (HSS) interventions are recommended by global health policy experts to improve population health in resource-limited settings, few examples exist of evaluations of HSS interventions conducted at the district level. In 2009, a partnership between Partners In Health (PIH), a non-governmental organization, and the Rwandan Ministry of Health (RMOH) was provided funds to implement and evaluate a district-level HSS intervention in two rural districts of Rwanda. Design: The partnership provided limited funds to 14 health centers for targeted systems support in 2010; six others received support prior to the intervention (reference). RMOH health systems norms were mapped across the WHO HSS framework, scored from 0 to 10 and incorporated into a rapid survey assessing 11 domains of facility readiness. Stakeholder meetings allowed partnership leaders to review results, set priorities, and allocate resources. Investments included salary support, infrastructure improvements, medical equipment, and social support for patients. We compared facility domain scores from the start of the intervention to 12 months and tested for correlation between change in score and change in funding allocation to assess equity in our approach. Results: We found significant improvements among intervention facilities from baseline to 12 months across several domains [infrastructure (+4, p=0.0001), clinical services (+1.2, p=0.03), infection and sanitation control (+0.6, p=0.03), medical equipment (+1.0, p=0.02), information use (+2, p=0.002)]. Composite score across domains improved from 6.2 at baseline to 7.4 at 12 months (p=0.002). Across facilities, 50% had composite scores greater than the average score among reference facilities (7.4) at 12 months compared to none at baseline. Conclusions: Rapid facility surveys, stakeholder engagement, and information feedback can be used for gap analysis and resource allocation. This approach can achieve effective use of limited resources, improve facility readiness, and ensure consistency of facility capacity to provide quality care at the district level. © 2015 Hari S. Iyer et al.	Global health; Health systems strengthening; Impact evaluation; Resource allocation; rural; Rwanda; Sub-Saharan Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84868288443	Contracting Out Local Government Services to Private Agents: An Analysis of Contract Design and Service Delivery Performance in Ghana	Awortwi N.	2012	International Journal of Public Administration	35	13	10.1080/01900692.2012.686033	Partnership for African Social and Governance Research, Nairobi, Kenya	Awortwi, N., Partnership for African Social and Governance Research, Nairobi, Kenya	Contracting out is generally justified on the principle that as governments contract out part of their responsibilities in service provision to private agents, they harness the power of market competition which leads to efficiency in service provision. In working with private contractors, local governments (LGs) face problems related to agent opportunism, while agents also face risks such as dereliction of payment responsibility by LGs for services delivered. The literature shows that these problems are addressed through a web of contractual arrangements. Using agency theory, this study investigates the relationship between contract design and quality of services delivery in three Ghanaian cities (Accra, Kumasi and Tema). The study found a surprising negative correlation between contract document and agents' performance. The paper concludes that effectiveness of contracting out documents depends on contract management capacity of government administrators. In its absence, LGs that contract out are exposed to risks. The paper uses the findings to reflect on the inherent deficiencies in agency theory and Africanist literature on patronage. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	contract design; contracting out; Ghana; local government service; principal-agent theory; solid waste	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84929509728	Can behaviour buffer the impacts of climate change on an arid-zone bird?	Cunningham S.J., Martin R.O., Hockey P.A.R.	2015	Ostrich	86	42371	10.2989/00306525.2015.1016469	Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa	Cunningham, S.J., Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Martin, R.O., Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Hockey, P.A.R., Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa	Behavioural thermoregulation, particularly the use of cool microclimates, is one method by which organisms could avoid the worst effects of climate warming. However, retreat into cool microsites, e.g. shady vegetation or burrows, may carry important lost-opportunity costs. These could include reduced opportunity for foraging, breeding or territorial defence, each carrying implications for fitness. We investigated patterns of microclimate use and foraging behaviour by Southern Fiscals Lanius collaris in the Kalahari. We used Ivlev's electivity index to assess preference of breeding males for perch types with different thermal properties. We found that Southern Fiscals preferred to hunt from high, sunny perches at all times, except on hot afternoons (air temperature >35 °C), when they switched their preference to high, shaded perches. Black-bulb thermometers indicated shaded perches were always cooler than sunny perches, especially on hot afternoons. Therefore, Southern Fiscals could reduce thermoregulatory costs by switching foraging locations. However, Southern Fiscal foraging success rates were highest when hunting from sunny perches, and were reduced by c. 50% when hunting from shaded perches. Our data suggest that Southern Fiscals were making a trade-off on hot afternoons, compromising foraging intake in return for thermal benefits. We discuss potential costs and consequences of this trade-off under climate change. © 2015, Copyright © NISC (Pty) Ltd.	climate change; fitness; foraging; Kalahari; Lanius collaris; lost-opportunity cost; microclimate; microsite; Southern Fiscal; thermoregulation; trade-off	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960452024	Evaluation of shale effect on saturation exponent from well logs in an offshore field, Niger delta	John R.O., Tejiri O.O.	2010	Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences	4	3	None	Petroleum Engineering Department, Covenant University, Canaanland, Ota, Nigeria	John, R.O., Petroleum Engineering Department, Covenant University, Canaanland, Ota, Nigeria; Tejiri, O.O., Petroleum Engineering Department, Covenant University, Canaanland, Ota, Nigeria	Hydrocarbon recovery is subject to various elements set to validate not only the availability of the type of fluid present at the subsurface, but also how saturated is the host rock with the fluid. A study on saturation was carried out on the hydrocarbon locked in reservoirs of the N-1 and D-1 wells. The water saturations weredetermined using various saturation equations by various authors from literatures. This evaluation led to the determination of the permeability of the reservoirs through the Timur equation and the values were within the range 222.8mD-2518.5mD in well N-1 and 434.4mD-2534.3mD in well D-1. The 7 pay zones of both wells showed a high correlation based on the petrophysical parameters which could be the basis of a conclusion of lateral continuity across the reservoir although the formations interpreted are characterized by clay fingering. An analysis carried out for the determination of the permissible range of the saturation exponent 'n' used and assumed as 2 which agrees with that in the basic Archie equation, but for the BOD-1b zone of D-1 with both values 1 and 2 perfectly matching.	Correlation; Formations; Permeability; Saturation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84870154596	Evaluation of charge density and the theory for calculating membrane potential for a nano-composite nylon-6,6 nickel phosphate membrane	Arfin T., Falch A., Kriek R.J.	2012	Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics	14	48	10.1039/c2cp42683h	PGM Group, Chemical Resource Beneficiation (CRB), North-West University, Research Focus Area, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa	Arfin, T., PGM Group, Chemical Resource Beneficiation (CRB), North-West University, Research Focus Area, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa; Falch, A., PGM Group, Chemical Resource Beneficiation (CRB), North-West University, Research Focus Area, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa; Kriek, R.J., PGM Group, Chemical Resource Beneficiation (CRB), North-West University, Research Focus Area, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa	A new crystalline organic-inorganic nano-composite nylon-6,6 nickel phosphate membrane was synthesised subsequent to which (a) the physico-chemical characteristics of the membrane were evaluated employing FTIR, SEM, EDX, TEM, XRD and porosity measurements, and (b) membrane potential measurements were conducted employing different concentrations (0.0001 ≤ c (M) ≤ 1) of KCl, NaCl and LiCl 1:1 electrolyte solutions. The Teorell, Meyer and Sievers (TMS) theoretical method was employed for evaluating the charge density of the synthesised membranes, and the observed data were utilised to calculate membrane potentials using the extended TMS theory. Charge density for 1:1 electrolyte solutions was found to decrease in the order KCl > NaCl > LiCl, which is in accordance with a decrease in the size of the cation. The synthesised membrane was found to be cation-selective with the measured membrane potentials found to be positive in all instances, decreasing in the order LiCl > NaCl > KCl, which is in accordance with an increase in the size of the cation for the chosen electrolytes. Observed potential data were used to calculate the transference numbers, mobilities, distribution coefficients, and charge effectiveness of ions and the theoretically calculated potential values were found to be in good agreement with the experimentally observed values. © 2012 the Owner Societies.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907591446	The impact of paraprofessional home visitors on infants’ growth and health at 18 months	Le Roux I.M., Rotheram-Borus M.J., Stein J., Tomlinson M.	2014	Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies	9	4	10.1080/17450128.2014.940413	Philani Maternal, Child Health and Nutrition Project, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Psychiatry, Semel Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Le Roux, I.M., Philani Maternal, Child Health and Nutrition Project, Cape Town, South Africa; Rotheram-Borus, M.J., Department of Psychiatry, Semel Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Stein, J., Department of Psychiatry, Semel Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Tomlinson, M., Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Paraprofessional home visitors trained to improve multiple outcomes (HIV, alcohol, infant health and malnutrition) have been shown to benefit mothers and children over 18 months in a cluster randomised controlled trial. These longitudinal analyses examine the mechanisms which influence child outcomes at 18 months post-birth in Cape Town, South Africa. The results were evaluated using structural equation modelling, specifically examining the mediating effects of prior maternal behaviours and a home visiting intervention post-birth. Twelve matched pairs of neighbourhoods were randomised within pairs to: (1) the control condition, receiving comprehensive health care at community primary health care clinics (n = 12 neighbourhoods; n = 594 pregnant women), or (2) the Philani Intervention Program, which provided home visits by trained, paraprofessional community health workers, here called Mentor Mothers, in addition to clinic care (n = 12 neighbourhoods; n = 644 pregnant women). Recruitment of all pregnant neighbourhood women was high (98%) with 88% reassessed at 6 months and 84% at 18 months. Infants’ growth and diarrhoea episodes were examined at 18 months in response to the intervention condition, breastfeeding, alcohol use, social support and low birth weight, controlling for HIV status and previous history of risk. We found that randomisation to the intervention was associated with a significantly lower number of recent diarrhoea episodes and increased rates and duration of breastfeeding. Across both the intervention and control conditions, mothers who used alcohol during pregnancy and had low birth weight infants were significantly less likely to have infants with normal growth patterns, whereas social support was associated with better growth. HIV infection was significantly associated with poor growth and less breastfeeding. Women with more risk factors had significantly smaller social support networks. The relationships among initial and sustained maternal risk behaviours and the buffering impact of home visits and social support are demonstrated in these analyses. © 2014 Taylor & Francis.	HIV; home visitors; infant diarrhoea; perinatal health	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84942834771	Brain stimulation modulates the autonomic nervous system, rating of perceived exertion and performance during maximal exercise	Okano A.H., Fontes E.B., Montenegro R.A., De Tarso Veras Farinatti P., Cyrino E.S., Li L.M., Bikson M., Noakes T.D.	2015	British Journal of Sports Medicine	49	18	10.1136/bjsports-2012-091658	Physical Education Department, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; Department of Neurology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Physical Education and Sports Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Center of Physical Education and Sport, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Parana, Brazil; Department of Biomedical Engineering, City College of New York of CUNY, New York, New York, United States; MRC/UCT Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town (UCT), Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa	Okano, A.H., Physical Education Department, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; Fontes, E.B., Department of Neurology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Montenegro, R.A., Physical Education and Sports Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; De Tarso Veras Farinatti, P., Physical Education and Sports Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Cyrino, E.S., Center of Physical Education and Sport, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Parana, Brazil; Li, L.M., Department of Neurology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Bikson, M., Department of Biomedical Engineering, City College of New York of CUNY, New York, New York, United States; Noakes, T.D., MRC/UCT Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town (UCT), Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa	Background The temporal and insular cortex (TC, IC) have been associated with autonomic nervous system (ANS) control and the awareness of emotional feelings from the body. Evidence shows that the ANS and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) regulate exercise performance. Non-invasive brain stimulation can modulate the cortical area directly beneath the electrode related to ANS and RPE, but it could also affect subcortical areas by connection within the corticocortical neural networks. This study evaluated the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the TC on the ANS, RPE and performance during a maximal dynamic exercise. Methods Ten trained cyclists participated in this study (33±9 years; 171.5±5.8 cm; 72.8±9.5 kg; 10-11 training years). After 20-min of receiving either anodal tDCS applied over the left TC (T3) or sham stimulation, subjects completed a maximal incremental cycling exercise test. RPE, heart rate (HR) and R-R intervals (as a measure of ANS function) were recorded continuously throughout the tests. Peak power output (PPO) was recorded at the end of the tests. Results With anodal tDCS, PPO improved by ~4% (anodal tDCS: 313.2±29.9 vs 301.0±19.8 watts: sham tDCS; p=0.043), parasympathetic vagal withdrawal was delayed (anodal tDCS: 147.5±53.3 vs 125.0±35.4 watts: sham tDCS; p=0.041) and HR was reduced at submaximal workloads. RPE also increased more slowly during exercise following anodal tDCS application, but maximal RPE and HR values were not affected by cortical stimulation. Conclusions The findings suggest that non-invasive brain stimulation over the TC modulates the ANS activity and the sensory perception of effort and exercise performance, indicating that the brain plays a crucial role in the exercise performance regulation.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-82855167106	Performance assessment of Hargreaves model in estimating solar radiation in Abuja using minimum climatological data	Ugwu A.I., Ugwuanyi J.U.	2011	International Journal of Physical Sciences	6	31	10.5897/IJPS11.1403	Physics Department, FCT College of Education, Abuja, Nigeria; Physics Department, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria	Ugwu, A.I., Physics Department, FCT College of Education, Abuja, Nigeria; Ugwuanyi, J.U., Physics Department, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria	Lack of incident solar radiation is a significant impediment for most related research applications. Mathematical models have been handy in reducing challenges being posed by inability of having solar radiation instrumental sites at every point on the Earth. Hargreaves-Samani's model is one of the several empirical methods so far formulated in estimating global solar radiation (GSR) from maximum and minimum temperature data. Most of these models are often been applied in mid-latitudes. The paper attempts to assess the performance of Hargreaves-Samani's model in the Savanna region using Abuja as the case study. Estimated values of GSR from one month data adapted from Nigeria meteorological Agency (NIMET); using Hargreaves' model shows 90% index of agreement (IA) with the observed values; which suggests a good model performance that has significant correction of about 29%. Concepts are suggested on improving the model performance in the savannah region. © 2011 Academic Journals.	Air temperature; Global Solar radiation; Inversion-layer; Model validation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78649421857	The impact of environment on the dynamical structure of satellite systems	Faltenbacher A.	2010	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society	408	2	10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17185.x	Physics Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa; Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany; MPA/SHAO Joint Center for Astrophysical Cosmology at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Nandan Road 80, Shanghai 200030, China	Faltenbacher, A., Physics Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa, Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany, MPA/SHAO Joint Center for Astrophysical Cosmology at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Nandan Road 80, Shanghai 200030, China	We examine the effects of environment on the dynamical structure of satellite systems based on the Millennium II Simulation. Satellite haloes are defined as subhaloes within the virial radius of a host halo. The satellite sample is restricted to those subhaloes which showed a maximum circular velocity above 30 km s-1 at the time of accretion. Host halo masses range from 1011 to 1014 h-1 M.. We compute the satellites' average accretion redshift, zacc, velocity dispersion, σ, and velocity anisotropy parameter, β, utilizing stacked satellite samples of equal-mass hosts at similar background densities. The main results are as follows. (1) On an average, satellites within hosts in high-density environments are accreted earlier (Δz≈ 0.1) compared to their counterparts at low densities. For host masses above 5 × 1013 h-1 M. this trend weakens, and may reverse for higher host masses. (2) The velocity dispersion of satellites in low-density environments follows that of the host, i.e. no velocity bias is observed for host haloes at low densities independent of host mass. However, for low-mass hosts in high-density environments the velocity dispersion of the satellites can be up to ~30 per cent larger than that of the host halo, i.e. the satellites are dynamically hotter than their host haloes. (3) The anisotropy parameter depends on host mass and environment. Satellites of massive hosts show more radially biased velocity distributions. Moreover in low-density environments, satellites have more radially biased velocities (Δβ≳ 0.1) as compared to their counterparts in high-density environments. We believe that our approach allows us to predict a similar behaviour for observed satellite galaxy systems. © 2010 The Author. Journal compilation © 2010 RAS.	Dark matter; Galaxies: clusters: general; Galaxies: haloes; Methods: N-body simulations; Methods: numerical	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84930826059	Cosmological performance of SKA HI galaxy surveys	Yahya S., Bull P., Santos M.G., Silva M., Maartens R., Okouma P., Bassett B.	2015	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society	450	3	10.1093/mnras/stv695	Physics Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa; Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, PO Box 1029 Blindern, Oslo, Norway; SKA South Africa, The Park, Park Road, Cape Town, South Africa; CENTRA, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom; African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Astronomical Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa	Yahya, S., Physics Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa; Bull, P., Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, PO Box 1029 Blindern, Oslo, Norway; Santos, M.G., Physics Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa, SKA South Africa, The Park, Park Road, Cape Town, South Africa, CENTRA, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Silva, M., Physics Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa, CENTRA, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Maartens, R., Physics Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa, Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom; Okouma, P., Physics Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa, African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa, Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Bassett, B., African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa, Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, South African Astronomical Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa	The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) will conduct the biggest spectroscopic galaxy survey ever, by detecting the 21 cm emission line of neutral hydrogen (H I) from around a billion galaxies over 3/4 of the sky, out to a redshift of z ~ 2. This will allow the redshift-space matter power spectrum, and corresponding dark energy observables, to be measured with unprecedented precision. In this paper, we present an improved model of the HI galaxy number counts and bias from semi-analytic simulations, and use it to calculate the expected yield of HI galaxies from surveys with a variety of Phase 1 and 2 SKA configurations. We illustrate the relative performance of the different surveys by forecasting errors on the radial and transverse scales of the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) feature, finding that the full 'billion galaxy survey' with SKA2 will deliver the largest dark energy Figure of Merit of any current or future large-scale structure survey. © 2015 The Authors.	Dark energy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84942279418	Impact of pairing correlations on the orientation of the nuclear spin	Zhao P.W., Zhang S.Q., Meng J.	2015	Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics	92	3	10.1103/PhysRevC.92.034319	Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, United States; State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China; School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China; Department of Physics, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Zhao, P.W., Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, United States, State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China; Zhang, S.Q., State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China; Meng, J., State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China, School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China, Department of Physics, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa	For the first time, the tilted axis cranking covariant density functional theory with pairing correlations has been formulated and implemented in a fully self-consistent and microscopic way to investigate the evolution of the spin axis and the pairing effects in rotating triaxial nuclei. The measured energy spectrum and transition probabilities for the Nd135 yrast band are reproduced well without any ad hoc renormalization factors when pairing effects are taken into account. A transition from collective to chiral rotation has been demonstrated. It is found that pairing correlations introduce additional admixtures in the single-particle orbitals, and, thus, influence the structure of tilted axis rotating nuclei by reducing the magnitude of the proton and neutron angular momenta while merging their direction. © 2015 American Physical Society.	None	None	DOE, National Natural Science Foundation of China; 11105005, NSFC, National Natural Science Foundation of China; 11175002, NSFC, National Natural Science Foundation of China; 11335002, NSFC, National Natural Science Foundation of China; 11375015, NSFC, Na
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904743148	Carpolobia lutea roots restore sexual arousal and performance in paroxetine-induced sexually impaired male rats	Yakubu M.T., Jimoh R.O.	2014	Revista Internacional de Andrologia	12	3	10.1016/j.androl.2014.02.002	Phytomedicine, Toxicology and Reproductive Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	Yakubu, M.T., Phytomedicine, Toxicology and Reproductive Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Jimoh, R.O., Phytomedicine, Toxicology and Reproductive Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	Objective: This study aimed at investigating the aphrodisiac effects of aqueous extract of Carpolobia lutea root at the doses of 47, 94 and 141. mg/kg body weight in paroxetine-induced sexual dysfunction in male rats. Materials and methods: Thirty sexually active male rats (148.20. ±. 3.22. g) were assigned into six groups (A-F) of five animals each. Rats in group A received 0.5. ml of distilled water once daily for 7 days while those in groups B, C, D, E and F which were induced with sexual dysfunction (oral administration of 10. mg/kg of paroxetine suspension, once daily for 21 days) received 0.5. ml corresponding to 7.14. mg/kg body weight of PowmaxM, 47, 94 and 141. mg/kg body weight of the extract and distilled water, respectively. Sexual behaviour parameters (frequencies of mount (ML), intromission (IF), ejaculation (EL), latencies of mount (ML), intromission (IL), ejaculation (EL) and post ejaculation interval (PEI)) were monitored 30. min post administration by pairing (1:1) with receptive female rats (114.01. ±. 2.64. g) on days 1, 4 and 7. The concentrations of serum testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were determined after 7 days of administration using standard methods. Results: The study revealed that the extract contained saponins (21.02. mg/L), anthraquinones (5.11. mg/L), alkaloids (2.93. mg/L), flavonoids (1.82. mg/L), tannins (0.91. mg/L) and cardiac glycosides (0.09. mg/L) whereas terpenes, phlobatannins and steroids were not detected. Paroxetine significantly (p<. 0.05) decreased mount frequency, intromission frequency, ejaculation frequency and ejaculation latency whereas it increased mount latency, intromission latency and post-ejaculatory interval for more than the baseline of 25% in each case. In contrast, all the doses of the extract significantly (p<. 0.05) attenuated the parameters of sexual behaviour displayed by the sexual dysfunction animals, with the 141. mg/kg body weight comparing favourably (p>. 0.05) with the sexual dysfunction animals treated with Powmax. In addition, the extract significantly (p<. 0.05) elevated the levels of serum luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and testosterone which were hitherto reduced by paroxetine. Conclusion: The study concludes that the aqueous extract of C. lutea root especially the doses of 94 and 141. mg/kg body weight restored various components of sexual arousal and performance as well as the reproductive hormones in the sexually sluggish male rats with the highest dose being the most effective. Present findings provide experimental evidence to support the folkloric claim of the plant in the management of sexual inadequacies in males. © 2014 Asociación Española de Andrología, Medicina Sexual y Reproductiva.	Aphrodisiac; Carpolobia lutea; Paroxetine; Polygalaceae; Sexual dysfunction; Sexual function	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84936950843	Limits on Pluto's ring system from the June 12 2006 stellar occultation and implications for the New Horizons impact hazard	Throop H.B., French R.G., Shoemaker K., Olkin C.B., Ruhland T.R., Young L.A.	2015	Icarus	246	None	10.1016/j.icarus.2014.05.020	Planetary Science Institute, 1700 E Fort Lowell Rd. #106, Tucson, AZ, United States; Physics Department, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa; Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, United States; Shoemaker Labs, 2225 Hwy A1A, #311, Indian Harbour BeachFL, United States; Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO, United States	Throop, H.B., Planetary Science Institute, 1700 E Fort Lowell Rd. #106, Tucson, AZ, United States, Physics Department, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa; French, R.G., Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, United States; Shoemaker, K., Shoemaker Labs, 2225 Hwy A1A, #311, Indian Harbour BeachFL, United States; Olkin, C.B., Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO, United States; Ruhland, T.R., Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO, United States; Young, L.A., Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO, United States	The Pluto system passed in front of a 15th magnitude star on 12 June 2006. We observed this occultation from the 3.9m Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT), and took photometric observations every 100ms for 3h. Our three-hour baseline of data provides among the longest and highest-quality occultation dataset of the Pluto system ever taken. Results on Pluto's atmospheric structure from these data have been previously reported (Young, E.F. [2008]. Astron. J. 136, 1757-1769). Here we report on limits for rings, ring arcs, and small satellites within the system. We find a 3σ upper limit on the normal optical depth of τ<0.07 for narrow rings of width 2.4km, and τ<5×10-3 for rings of width 1500km. We also detect no discrete objects of radius 220m or larger along the occultation path. Motivated by the upcoming flyby of New Horizons through the Pluto system, we estimate the dust impact hazard to the spacecraft based on our optical depth limits and those derived from imaging with the Hubble Space Telescope. © 2014 Elsevier Inc.	Occultations; Planetary rings; Pluto	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84922080297	Contrasting Aerodynamic Morphology and Geochemistry of Impact Spherules from Lonar Crater, India: Some Insights into Their Cooling History	Ray D., Misra S.	2014	Earth, Moon and Planets	114	42371	10.1007/s11038-014-9451-9	PLANEX, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India; Discipline of Geological Sciences, SAEES, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	Ray, D., PLANEX, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India; Misra, S., Discipline of Geological Sciences, SAEES, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	The ~50 or 570 ka old Lonar crater, India, was excavated in the Deccan Trap flood basalt of Cretaceous age by the impact of a chondritic asteroid. The impact-spherules known from within the ejecta around this crater are of three types namely aerodynamically shaped sub-mm and mm size spherules, and a sub-mm sized variety of spherule, described as mantled lapilli, having a core consisting of ash-sized grains, shocked basalt and solidified melts surrounded by a rim of ash-sized materials. Although, information is now available on the bulk composition of the sub-mm sized spherules (Misra et al. in Meteorit Planet Sci 7:1001–1018, 2009), almost no idea exists on the latter two varieties. Here, we presented the microprobe data on major oxides and a few trace elements (e.g. Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn) of mm-sized impact spherules in unravelling their petrogenetic evolution. The mm-sized spherules are characterised by homogeneous glassy interior with vesicular margin in contrast to an overall smooth and glassy-texture of the sub-mm sized spherules. Undigested micro-xenocrysts of mainly plagioclase, magnetite and rare clinopyroxene of the target basalt are present only at the marginal parts of the mm-sized spherules. The minor relative enrichment of SiO2 (~3.5 wt% in average) and absence of schlieren structure in these spherules suggest relatively high viscosity of the parent melt droplets of these spherules in comparison to their sub-mm sized counterpart. Chemically homogeneous mm-sized spherule and impact-melt bomb share similar bulk chemical and trace element compositions and show no enrichment in impactor components. The general depletion of Na2O within all the Lonar impactites was resulted due to impact-induced volatilisation effect, and it indicates the solidification temperature of the Lonar impactites close to 1,100 °C. The systematic geochemical variation within the mm-sized spherules (Mg# ~0.38–0.43) could be attributed to various level of mixing between plagioclase-dominated impact melts and ultrafine pyroxene and/or titanomagnetite produced from the target basalt due to impact. Predominance of schlieren and impactor components (mainly Cr, Ni), and nearly absence of vesicles in the sub-mm sized spherules plausibly suggest that these quenched liquid droplets could have produced from the impactor-rich, hotter (~1,100 °C or more) central part of the plume, whereas the morpho-chemistry of the mm-sized spherules induces their formation from the relatively cool outer part of the same impact plume. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.	Geochemical fractionation; Heterogeneous impact plume; Meteorite geochemistry; mm-Sized impact spherules; Sub-mm sized spherule	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84899845225	Which farmers benefit most from sustainable intensification? An ex-ante impact assessment of expanding grain legume production in Malawi	Franke A.C., van den Brand G.J., Giller K.E.	2014	European Journal of Agronomy	58	None	10.1016/j.eja.2014.04.002	Plant Production Systems, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, Netherlands; Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa	Franke, A.C., Plant Production Systems, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, Netherlands, Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; van den Brand, G.J., Plant Production Systems, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, Netherlands; Giller, K.E., Plant Production Systems, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, Netherlands	Legume technologies are widely promoted among smallholders in southern Africa, providing an opportunity for sustainable intensification. Farms and farming strategies of smallholders differ greatly within any given locality and determine the opportunities for uptake of technologies. We provide an ex-ante assessment of the impact of grain legumes on different types of farms and identify niches for grain legumes in Malawi. After creation of a farm typology, detailed farm characterisations were used to describe the farming system. The characterisations provided the basis for the construction of simplified, virtual farms on which possible scenarios for expanding and intensifying grain legume production were explored using the farm-scale simulation model NUANCES-FARMSIM. Observed yields and labour inputs suggested that maize provides more edible yield per unit area with a higher calorific value and greater labour use efficiency than groundnut and soybean. Crop yields simulated by the model partly confirmed these yield trends, but at farm level maize-dominated systems often produced less food than systems with more grain legumes. Improved management practices such as addition of P-based fertiliser to grain legumes and inoculation of soybean were crucial to increase biological nitrogen fixation and grain yields of legumes and maize, and created systems with increased area of legumes that were more productive than the current farms. Improved legume management was especially a necessity for low resource endowed farmers who, due to little past use of P-based fertiliser and organic inputs, have soils with a poorer P status than wealthier farmers. Economic analyses suggested that legume cultivation was considerably more profitable than continuous maize cropping. Highest potential net benefits were achieved with tobacco, but the required financial investment made tobacco cultivation riskier. Grain legumes have excellent potential as food and cash crops particularly for medium and high resource endowed farmers, a role that could grow in importance as legume markets further develop. For low resource endowed farmers, legumes can improve food self-sufficiency of households, but only if legumes can be managed with P fertiliser and inoculation in the case of soybean. Given that low resource endowed farmers tend to be risk averse and have few resources to invest, the ability of poorer farmers to adopt legume technologies could be limited. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.	Crop model; Farm typologies; Groundnut; Maize; Soybean	None	None
WoS	WOS:000321168700005	Determining the effectiveness of three software evaluation techniques through informal aggregation	Juristo, Natalia,Olorisade, Babatunde Kazeem,Vegas, Sira	2013	INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY	55	9	10.1016/j.infsof.2013.02.015	Polytechnic University of Madrid, Fountain Univ	"Juristo, Natalia: Polytechnic University of Madrid","Vegas, Sira: Polytechnic University of Madrid",	Context: An accepted fact in software engineering is that software must undergo verification and validation process during development to ascertain and improve its quality level. But there are too many techniques than a single developer could master, yet, it is impossible to be certain that software is free of defects. So, it is crucial for developers to be able to choose from available evaluation techniques, the one most suitable and likely to yield optimum quality results for different products. Though, some knowledge is available on the strengths and weaknesses of the available software quality assurance techniques but not much is known yet on the relationship between different techniques and contextual behavior of the techniques. Objective: This research investigates the effectiveness of two testing techniques - equivalence class partitioning and decision coverage and one review technique - code review by abstraction, in terms of their fault detection capability. This will be used to strengthen the practical knowledge available on these techniques. Method: The results of eight experiments conducted over 5 years to investigate the effectiveness of three techniques - code reading by stepwise abstraction, equivalence class partitioning and decision (branch) coverage were aggregated using a less rigorous aggregation process proposed during the course of this work. Results: It was discovered that the equivalence class partitioning and the decision coverage techniques behaved similarly in terms of fault detection capacity (and type of faults caught) based on the programs and fault classification used in the experiments. They both behaved better than the code reading by stepwise abstraction technique. Conclusion: Overall, it can be deducted from the aggregation results that the equivalence class partitioning and the decision coverage techniques used are actually equally capable in terms of the type and number of faults detected. Nevertheless, more experiments is still required in this field so that this result can be verified using a rigorous aggregation technique. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.	AGGREGATION,EXPERIMENTATION,"testing technique","Testing technique effectiveness",DETECT	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80052023718	Evaluation of the impact of the voucher and accreditation approach on improving reproductive behaviors and status in Cambodia	Bellows B., Warren C., Vonthanak S., Chhorvann C., Sokhom H., Men C., Bajracharya A., Rob U., Rathavy T.	2011	BMC Public Health	11	None	10.1186/1471-2458-11-667	Population Council, General Accident House, Ralph Bunche Road, Nairobi, Kenya; National Institute of Public Health, No.2, Kim Yl Sung Blvd, Khan Toul Kork, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; Research Unit, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STDs (NCHADS), Phnom Penh, Cambodia; Center for Advanced Studies (CAS), #160, Street 156, Sangkat Teuk Laak 2, Tuol Kork, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; Population Council, Viet Nam; Population Council, Bangladesh; Ministry of Health, National MCH Center (NMCHC), National MCH Institute, #31A Street 47 (Street France), Sangkat Srah Chak, Khan Daun Penh, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; Unit 17-04 Prime Center, 53 Quang Trung Street, Hai Ba, Trung District, Hanoi, Viet Nam; House 21, Road 118, Gulshan, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh	Bellows, B., Population Council, General Accident House, Ralph Bunche Road, Nairobi, Kenya; Warren, C., Population Council, General Accident House, Ralph Bunche Road, Nairobi, Kenya; Vonthanak, S., National Institute of Public Health, No.2, Kim Yl Sung Blvd, Khan Toul Kork, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; Chhorvann, C., Research Unit, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STDs (NCHADS), Phnom Penh, Cambodia; Sokhom, H., Center for Advanced Studies (CAS), #160, Street 156, Sangkat Teuk Laak 2, Tuol Kork, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; Men, C., Center for Advanced Studies (CAS), #160, Street 156, Sangkat Teuk Laak 2, Tuol Kork, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; Bajracharya, A., Population Council, Viet Nam, Unit 17-04 Prime Center, 53 Quang Trung Street, Hai Ba, Trung District, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Rob, U., Population Council, Bangladesh, House 21, Road 118, Gulshan, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh; Rathavy, T., Ministry of Health, National MCH Center (NMCHC), National MCH Institute, #31A Street 47 (Street France), Sangkat Srah Chak, Khan Daun Penh, Phnom Penh, Cambodia	Background: Cost of delivering reproductive health services to low income populations will always require total or partial subsidization by government and/or development partners. Broadly termed "demand-side financing" or "output-based aid", these strategies include a range of interventions that channel government or donor subsidies to the user rather than the service provider. Initial pilot assessments of reproductive health voucher programs suggest that they can increase access, reduce inequities, and enhance program efficiency and service quality. However, there is a paucity of evidence describing how these programs function in different settings for various reproductive health services. Methods/Design. Population Council, funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, intends to generate evidence around the "voucher and accreditation" approaches to improving the reproductive health of low-income women in Cambodia. The study comprises of four populations: facilities, providers, women of reproductive age using facilities, and women and men who have been pregnant and/or used family planning within the previous 12 months. The study will be carried out in a sample of 20 health facilities that are accredited to provide maternal and newborn health and family planning services to women holding vouchers from operational districts in three provinces: Kampong Thom, Kampot and Prey Veng and a matched sample of non-accredited facilities in three other provinces. Health facility assessments will be conducted at baseline and endline to track temporal changes in quality-of-care, client out-of-pocket costs, and utilization. Facility inventories, structured observations, and client exit interviews will be used to collect comparable data across facilities. Health providers will also be interviewed and observed providing care. A population survey of about 3000 respondents will also be conducted in areas where vouchers are distributed and similar non-voucher locations. Discussion. A quasi-experimental study will investigate the impact of the voucher approach on improving reproductive health behaviors, reproductive health status and reducing inequities at the population level and assess effects on access, equity and quality of care at the facility level. If the voucher scheme in Cambodia is found effective, it may help other countries adopt this approach for improving utilization and access to reproductive health and family planning services. © 2011 Bellows et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.	Output based approach; Vouchers	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84878132005	Evaluation of "Biruh Tesfa" (Bright Future) program for vulnerable girls in Ethiopia	Erulkar A., Ferede A., Girma W., Ambelu W.	2013	Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies	8	2	10.1080/17450128.2012.736645	Population Council's Ethiopia Office, P.O. Box 25562, Code 1000, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Erulkar, A., Population Council's Ethiopia Office, P.O. Box 25562, Code 1000, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Ferede, A., Population Council's Ethiopia Office, P.O. Box 25562, Code 1000, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Girma, W., Population Council's Ethiopia Office, P.O. Box 25562, Code 1000, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Ambelu, W., Population Council's Ethiopia Office, P.O. Box 25562, Code 1000, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Adolescent girls in sub-Saharan Africa are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS compared to boys of the same age. Few programs on the continent have sought to address the social exclusion of most marginalized girls in the poorest communities, including child domestic workers and migrants, as well as their vulnerability to HIV. Moreover, few interventions have been rigorously evaluated. "Biruh Tesfa" (Bright Future) program is for poorest adolescent girls in urban Ethiopia and aims to build their social support and improve skills to prevent HIV infection. The project uses a combination of house-to-house recruitment, formation of girls' groups by female mentors, and education on HIV/AIDS, life skills, and basic literacy. A quasi-experimental research design involving pre- and post-intervention surveys in experimental and control areas was used to measure changes in social safety nets, HIV knowledge, and prevention capabilities. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were conducted. At endline, girls in the intervention sites were more than twice as likely to report social support (odds ratio (OR) = 2.0) compared to girls in the control site. They were also twice as likely (OR = 1.9) to score highly on HIV knowledge questions, to know where to obtain voluntary counseling and testing (OR = 2.0) and to want to be tested (OR = 1.9). "Biruh Tesfa" is one of a few rigorously evaluated support programs targeted at vulnerable girls in sub-Saharan Africa. The positive changes suggest that well-designed programs can reach and effectively support the most vulnerable girls in the poorest areas, such as child domestic workers and rural-urban migrants. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	adolescent girls; domestic workers; Ethiopia; evaluation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84885027002	Evaluation of Fourier transform-NIR spectroscopy for integrated external and internal quality assessment of Valencia oranges	Magwaza L.S., Opara U.L., Terry L.A., Landahl S., Cronje P.J.R., Nieuwoudt H.H., Hanssens A., Saeys W., Nicolaï B.M.	2013	Journal of Food Composition and Analysis	31	1	10.1016/j.jfca.2013.05.007	Postharvest Technology Research Laboratory, South African Research Chair in Postharvest Technology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; Plant Science Laboratory, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, United Kingdom; Citrus Research International, Department of Horticultural Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; Institute for Wine Biotechnology and Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; MeBioS Division, Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium	Magwaza, L.S., Postharvest Technology Research Laboratory, South African Research Chair in Postharvest Technology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; Opara, U.L., Postharvest Technology Research Laboratory, South African Research Chair in Postharvest Technology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; Terry, L.A., Plant Science Laboratory, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, United Kingdom; Landahl, S., Plant Science Laboratory, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, United Kingdom; Cronje, P.J.R., Citrus Research International, Department of Horticultural Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; Nieuwoudt, H.H., Institute for Wine Biotechnology and Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; Hanssens, A., MeBioS Division, Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; Saeys, W., MeBioS Division, Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; Nicolaï, B.M., MeBioS Division, Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium	Diffuse reflectance near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was explored as a non-destructive method to detect external and internal quality of Valencia oranges. The study compared three different Fourier transform NIR acquisition methods, namely, a fibre-optic probe for solid samples (SP), an integrating sphere (IS) and an emission head (EH). Fruit quality attributes measured included mass, colour index, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), maturity index expressed as TSS:TA ratio and vitamin C. Partial least squares regression was applied to spectral data to develop prediction models for each quality attribute and by randomly dividing the data into calibration and independent validation sets. To test robustness, a set of fruit harvested from another location was used for external validation. Fruit mass, colour index, TSS and vitamin C were predicted with significant accuracy showing RPD-values of 3.53, 1.99, 1.87 and 1.33, respectively. The spectral acquisition method had a significant influence on the calibration regression statistics and accuracy of prediction. The models developed using the EH gave the best prediction statistics for mass ( R= 0.96, RMSEP = 10.45. g), colour index ( R= 0.83, RMSEP = 0.82) and vitamin C ( R= 0.66, 8.01. mg/100. mL), while the IS gave the best prediction for TSS ( R= 0.83, RMSEP = 0.58). The model parameters remained fairly constant when the models were validated using fruit from another location, indicating high level of model robustness. Good prediction statistics observed when using EH demonstrated the potential of this spectrometer as a non-destructive tool to holistically evaluate external and internal quality parameters. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.	Citrus fruit; Citrus sinensis L.; Food composition; FT-NIR; Integrated non-destructive food analysis techniques; Near infrared spectroscopy; NIR; Valencia orange; Vitamin C	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-67650792456	Determinants of family employee work performance and compensation in family businesses	Van Der Merwe S.P.	2009	South African Journal of Business Management	40	1	None	Potchefstroom Business School, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa	Van Der Merwe, S.P., Potchefstroom Business School, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa	This study highlighted the importance of establishing clear work roles and responsibilities in the family business, the measurement of family employee work performance and regular feedback on their performance and fair and market-based compensation of family employees in family businesses. An Oblimin oblique rotation was performed on the principal components of the exploratory factor analysis. In this study three factors describing the theoretical dimensions of family employee work performance, clear work roles and responsibilities and family employee compensation in family businesses were extracted. Although statistical significant differences were found between the perceptions of male and female as well as between senior and younger generation family employees regarding the constructs, these differences were not practically significant. This study, however, confirms the important role that an effective family employee work performance management and compensation strategy plays to ensure harmonious family relationships and at the end the sustainability of the family business. Practical recommendations are suggested to improve the effectiveness of family employee work performance and compensation in family businesses. Recommendations are also offered to utilise the questionnaire as a diagnostic tool.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947930228	Questioning the context of corporate performance measures in benchmarking CEO compensation	Oberholzer M., Barnard J.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	13	1CONT8	None	Potchefstroom Campus, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, South Africa	Oberholzer, M., Potchefstroom Campus, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Barnard, J., Potchefstroom Campus, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, South Africa	The purpose of the study was to reflect on existing practices in studying the CEO pay performance issue, with special reference to the context wherein the financial performance measurements were employed. In total, an in-depth content analysis of 40 published articles was done. Some flaws were identified in prior research, namely some studies only use either market-based or accounting-based measurements, only a single performance measurement, measurements without the context of the subjacent risks, monetary values without substance as performance measurements and without the context of a theory. The contribution of this study is that a framework is developed to guide future studies with regard to the context wherein financial performance measures should be employed and that some theories, additional to the agency theory, were identified that should be tested more frequently in pay performance-related studies. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All right rserved.	Accounting-based performance measurements; CEO compensation; Market-based performance measurements; Motivation theories; Risk-return	None	None
WoS	WOS:000306206800001	Livelihoods of fringe communities and the impacts on the management of conservation area: the case of Kakum National Park in Ghana	Amoah, M.,Wiafe, E. D.	2012	INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY REVIEW	14	2	None	Presbyterian Univ Coll, Univ Educ Winneba	None	In the developing countries most of the rural communities depend on forest resources for their livelihood. The establishment of protected areas and national parks however deprive them of having access to these resources. Using both quantitative and qualitative methods, this study assessed the NTFPs collection situation of the fringe communities after the establishment of Kakum National Park, the extent to which the livelihood of the communities has been improved, and how the presence or absence of livelihood improvement strategies has shaped the attitudes and perceptions of the fringe communities toward the national park. The results showed that about 17% of the household leaders were unemployed. Livelihood support strategies such as livelihood alternatives and enhancement, social capital and sociological tourism were found to be absent. Opinion leaders of the communities reported that no member is involved in the management of the park. In spite of restrictions, majority (88.4%) of the household members enter the national park for NTFP collection. Hunting was found to be third highest activity. The households reported that majority of the NTFPs they collect were not processed indicating that their capacities to add value to the resource have not been developed. They believe that value addition to NTFPs could increase their income levels but did not support the theory that it could safeguard the future availability of forest resources and contribute to their sustainability. The respondents believed that once the resources are in abundance they must be exploited to meet their socio-economic needs, suggesting the nexus between illegal entry to conservation area and unsustainable exploitation of forest resources. The paper concludes that when restrictions are placed on access to forest resources and no alternative sources of income are made, illegal entry becomes the norm. The illegal NTFPs collectors would not view the resources as "their own" and would exploit them in an unsustainable way to meet their needs.	"Forest resources","multi-dimensional approach",RESTRICTIONS,"social capital","Sociological tourism","BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION",CAMEROON,DEVELOPMENT-PROJECTS,ELEPHANTS,FOREST-PRODUCTS,"INTEGRATED CONSERVATION",WILDLIFE	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84930683698	Cost and impact of scaling up interventions to save lives of mothers and children: Taking South Africa closer to MDGs 4 and 5	Chola L., Pillay Y., Barron P., Tugendhaft A., Kerber K., Hofman K.	2015	Global Health Action	8	1	10.3402/gha.v8.27265	PRICELESS - MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; South Africa National Department of Health, Pretoria, South Africa; School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Save the Children, Cape Town, South Africa; School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa	Chola, L., PRICELESS - MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Pillay, Y., South Africa National Department of Health, Pretoria, South Africa; Barron, P., School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Tugendhaft, A., PRICELESS - MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Kerber, K., Save the Children, Cape Town, South Africa, School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa; Hofman, K., PRICELESS - MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Background: South Africa has made substantial progress on child and maternal mortality, yet many avoidable deaths of mothers and children still occur. This analysis identifies priority interventions to be scaled up nationally and projects the potential maternal and child lives saved. Design: We modelled the impact of maternal, newborn and child interventions using the Lives Saved Tools Projections to 2015 and used realistic coverage increases based on expert opinion considering recent policy change, financial and resource inputs, and observed coverage change. A scenario analysis was undertaken to test the impact of increasing intervention coverage to 95%. Results: By 2015, with realistic coverage, the maternal mortality ratio (MMR) can reduce to 153 deaths per 100,000 and child mortality to 34 deaths per 1,000 live births. Fifteen interventions, including labour and delivery management, early HIV treatment in pregnancy, prevention of mother-to-child transmission and handwashing with soap, will save an additional 9,000 newborns and children and 1,000 mothers annually. An additional US$370 million (US$7 per capita) will be required annually to scale up these interventions. When intervention coverage is increased to 95%, breastfeeding promotion becomes the top intervention, the MMR reduces to 116 and the child mortality ratio to 23. Conclusions: The 15 interventions identified were adopted by the National Department of Health, and the Health Minister launched a campaign to encourage Provincial Health Departments to scale up coverage. It is hoped that by focusing on implementing these 15 interventions at high quality, South Africa will reach Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 4 soon after 2015 and MDG 5 several years later. Focus on HIV and TB during early antenatal care is essential. Strategic gains could be realised by targeting vulnerable populations and districts with the worst health outcomes. The analysis demonstrates the usefulness of priority setting tools and the potential for evidence-based decision making in the health sector. © 2015 Lumbwe Chola et al.	Child health; Cost and cost analysis; Maternal health	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84869174458	Specific performance as a remedy in international sales contracts	Wethmar-Lemmer M.	2012	Tydskrif vir die Suid-Afrikaanse Reg	None	4	None	Private International Law, University of South Africa, South Africa	Wethmar-Lemmer, M., Private International Law, University of South Africa, South Africa	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84859843067	Nature of the relationship between strategic leadership, operational strategy and organisational performance	Serfontein K., Hough J.	2011	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	14	4	None	PSG Konsult, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	Serfontein, K., PSG Konsult, Cape Town, South Africa; Hough, J., Department of Business Management, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	Since the mid-1980s a growing body of leadership research has focused on strategic leadership, in contrast to managerial and visionary leadership. It focused on how top leadership makes decisions in the short term that guarantees the long-term viability of the organisation. The best performing organisations are consciously strategic in their leadership planning. These top leaders also have the ability to align human resources in an effective way directly to the business strategy. This article identifies some of the direct and indirect pathways in which strategic leadership influences the operational strategy and performance of business organisations in South Africa. This research pinpointed theoretical and substantively meaningful endogenous organisational capabilities that mediated this relationship and exogenous organisational factors that moderated this relationship.	Operational strategy; Organisational performance; Strategic leadership	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84859123358	The impact of culture on performance appraisal reforms in Africa: The case of Uganda's civil service	Karyeija G.K.	2012	Asian Social Science	8	4	10.5539/ass.v8n4p159	Public Administration Higher Degrees Department, Uganda Management Institute, P. O. Box 20131, Kampala, Uganda	Karyeija, G.K., Public Administration Higher Degrees Department, Uganda Management Institute, P. O. Box 20131, Kampala, Uganda	This article explores the impact of administrative culture on performance appraisal reforms in Uganda's civil service. Data gathered from 147 questionnaires, 29 interviews and various documents indicates that administrative culture sabotages the actual conduct of performance appraisals and undermines its institutionalization. The study supports the use of power distance and uncertainty avoidance. The additional dimensions of political (neutrality) biasness and ethnicity are a highly relevant addition to the literature on administrative culture and its linkage to instruments of management. Thus, for the successful introduction of performance appraisals, culture matters because the performance appraisal is imposed from abroad and requires a compatible host administrative culture in order to take root. In this case, the host administrative culture was not compatible in many respects with the values underlying the appraisal reforms. Although the Ugandan government introduced appraisal reforms, incompatibility between the values embedded in the appraisal and the host administrative culture watered down the reform.	Administrative culture; Performance appraisal; Reforms; Uganda; Values	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939791011	The impact of corporate governance on firm performance in the Zimbabwean manufacturing sector	Siwadi P., Miruka C., Ogutu F.A.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	12	4Cont7	None	Qraduate School of Business and Government Leadership, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa	Siwadi, P., Qraduate School of Business and Government Leadership, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa; Miruka, C., Qraduate School of Business and Government Leadership, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa; Ogutu, F.A., Qraduate School of Business and Government Leadership, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa	Corporate governance studies in Zimbabwe have concentrated on existence of frameworks that control firms. This study focused on the corporate governance factors that are associated with firm performance in the Zimbabwean manufacturing sector. We investigated a sample of 88 companies which were operating at least 80% capacity from 2009 to 2012.Using Return on Assetst (ROA) as a measure of performance and the dependent variable, and 14 corporate governance proxies encompassing board structure, board composition and board procedures as the independent variables, a bivariate and multivariate regression analysis was performed. The results indicated that shareholder concentration, proportion of independent directors, board tenure and access to financial statements are positive and significant to firm performance in the bivariate analysis. On the multivariate regression analysis however, independent directors was positive but not significant. Researchers have not been able to agree on these factors and since corporate governance is largely endogenously determined it can be concluded that factors are influenced by country effects. Thus further studies focusing on similar countries need to be undertaken. © 2015 Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Corporate governance; Firm performance; Significant factors	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78650744045	Improvement of performance efficiency of a hydrocyclone with design modification by suppressing air core	Sripriya R., Suresh N., Chakraborty S., Meikap B.C.	2011	Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering	28	1	10.1007/s11814-010-0344-y	R and D Division, Tata Steel, Jamshedpur 831003, India; Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, India 826004 Jharkhand, India; Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharaghpur 721302, India; School of Chemical Engineering, Howard College, University of Kwazulu-Natal, King George Avenue, Durban 4041, South Africa	Sripriya, R., R and D Division, Tata Steel, Jamshedpur 831003, India; Suresh, N., Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, India 826004 Jharkhand, India; Chakraborty, S., Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharaghpur 721302, India; Meikap, B.C., Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharaghpur 721302, India, School of Chemical Engineering, Howard College, University of Kwazulu-Natal, King George Avenue, Durban 4041, South Africa	Hydrocyclones have been used for beneficiation of coal and mineral in coal washeries and mineral process industries. To enhance the efficiency of hydrocyclone, it is very essential to quantify the presence or absence of air core within the hydrocyclone. In the present study, for the first time, a new hydrocyclone design has been conceptualized and tested for its efficiency in separation of particles based on gravity. Experimental investigations have been carried out using design of experiments and the results have been analyzed statistically. The results have shown that suppressing the air core improves the separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone. Efforts have been made to explain the concept through fundamentals of fluid flow in hydrocyclone. The air core has a significant effect on particle separation as the relative density of the particles approach to the fluid density. The results will be used in the development of a new design of dense medium hydrocyclone at industrial scale that will improve the separation efficiency of the hydrocyclones by separating the near gravity particles more efficiently. © 2010 Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers, Seoul, Korea.	Air Core; Dense Medium Cyclone; Density Tracers; Hydrocyclone; Particle Separation; Separation Efficiency	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84927556441	C.H. Dodd’s framework for understanding the Gospel according to John: An evaluation [C.H. Dodd se verstaansraamwerk vir die Johannesevangelie: ’n evaluasie]	van der Watt J.G.	2013	HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies	69	1	10.4102/hts.v69i1.1341	Radboud University, Netherlands; Research Institute for Theology and Religion, University of South Africa, South Africa	van der Watt, J.G., Radboud University, Netherlands, Research Institute for Theology and Religion, University of South Africa, South Africa	During the previous century Dodd was one of the most significant and influential interpreters of the Gospel of John. His views on the symbolic nature of the Gospel formed the basis of his hermeneutical program for understanding the Gospel. He understood the Johannine symbols in the light of what he regarded as the relevant background material. Theologically he interprets the symbols within a Platonic-like structure, arguing that the symbols in John function as hermeneutical bridges between the background material and the theological formation of the Gospel of John. In subsequent literary studies this approach was and still is questioned. © 2013. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84862162307	Calibration and performance testing of sodium iodide, NaI (Tl), detector at the food and environmental laboratory of the radiation protection institute of the Ghana atomic energy commission	Faanu A., Emi-Reynolds G., Darko E.O., Awudu R., Glover E.T., Adukpo O.K., Otoo F., Kpeglo D.O., Lawluvi H.	2012	West African Journal of Applied Ecology	19	1	None	Radiation Protection Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, P. O. Box LG 80, Legon-Accra, Ghana; National Nuclear Research Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, P. O. Box LG 80, Legon-Accra, Ghana	Faanu, A., Radiation Protection Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, P. O. Box LG 80, Legon-Accra, Ghana; Emi-Reynolds, G., Radiation Protection Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, P. O. Box LG 80, Legon-Accra, Ghana; Darko, E.O., Radiation Protection Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, P. O. Box LG 80, Legon-Accra, Ghana; Awudu, R., Radiation Protection Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, P. O. Box LG 80, Legon-Accra, Ghana; Glover, E.T., National Nuclear Research Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, P. O. Box LG 80, Legon-Accra, Ghana; Adukpo, O.K., Radiation Protection Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, P. O. Box LG 80, Legon-Accra, Ghana; Otoo, F., Radiation Protection Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, P. O. Box LG 80, Legon-Accra, Ghana; Kpeglo, D.O., Radiation Protection Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, P. O. Box LG 80, Legon-Accra, Ghana; Lawluvi, H., Radiation Protection Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, P. O. Box LG 80, Legon-Accra, Ghana	The performance testing of a newly acquired sodium iodide detector (NaI), (Tl)) at Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC) was investigated by carrying out energy and efficiency calibration on the detector, as well as validation of its calibration. The energy and efficiency calibrations were performed using mixed radionuclides standard containing 241Am, 109Cd, 57Co, 137Cs and 60Co in the energy range of 60-1333 keV. The energy and efficiency calibration curves obtained compare well with what is available in the literature. Results of the validation of the calibration showed that there were no significance differences between the measured and the calculated activities of the standard radionuclides with activity ratios in the range of 0.90-0.98 and the corresponding percentage deviation in a range of 1.43-10.47%. The average MDA of 238U, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs from background counting rates were estimated to be 0.099 ± 0.055 Bq, 0.061 ± 0.037 Bq, 0.727 ± 0.300 Bq and 0.014 ± 0.006 Bq, respectively.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77954766502	Success profiling: A methodological perspective on the interactive nature of success predictors on student performance at an open and distance learning institution	Müller H., Swanepoel E., De Beer A.	2010	Perspectives in Education	28	2	None	Research Directorate, University of South Africa, South Africa; Department of Business Management, University of South Africa, South Africa	Müller, H., Research Directorate, University of South Africa, South Africa; Swanepoel, E., Department of Business Management, University of South Africa, South Africa; De Beer, A., Department of Business Management, University of South Africa, South Africa	The drive to improve the academic performance of students at an open and distance learning (ODL) institution has resulted in the incorporation of a blended learning component, namely satellite classes, in the learning strategy to enhance the academic performance of first year diploma students in Business Management and Management. Monitoring this intervention to justify implementation costs (Mathur & Oliver, 2007:3) and effectiveness in relation to student performance is essential. Whereas an initial study confirmed a statistically significant relationship between satellite class attendance and academic performance, this study evaluated the interaction effect of satellite classes and additional, potential success predictors on academic performance by applying the Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) methodology. This decision tree methodology described the interactive driving forces that impacted on student success. Satellite class intervention and biographical student attributes constituted the driving forces. The CHAID analysis enabled the profiling of successful and at-risk students. The decision tree algorithm mimics true life situations where various effects interactively and jointly influence and predict an outcome. The results showed that satellite class intervention as such was an effective and significant predictor of performance, but that the critical interacting nature of satellite class attendance and additional co-predictors, such as population group and type of matriculation certificate, considerably strengthened performance prediction.	Age; At-risk profile; Blended learning intervention; Business Management; CHAID analysis; Data partitioning; Decision trees; Matriculation certificate; ODL; Population group; Satellite class attendance; Student performance; Success profile; Throughput	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84885158602	The use and impact of electronic resources at the university of Lagos	Egberongbe H.S.	2011	Library Philosophy and Practice	2011	JAN	None	Readers Services Department, University of Lagos, Nigeria	Egberongbe, H.S., Readers Services Department, University of Lagos, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908657963	Residents’ perception of tourism impact on the physical environment of Redemption Camp, Ogun State, Nigeria	Adeleke B.O.	2014	Quality - Access to Success	15	None	None	Redeemer’s University, Nigeria	Adeleke, B.O., Redeemer’s University, Nigeria	Researchers had generally observed that inappropriate tourism development often leads to increased stress on destinations’ physical and sociocultural characteristics. The Redemption Camp being a world renowned religion tourist destination has been susceptible to physical environment degradation over the years. This paper therefore aims to assess Redemption Camp residents’ perception of positive and negative impact of tourism on the physical environment of the redemption camp. The data for this study were obtained through a questionnaire survey of 146 households’ heads or their representatives. The sample was selected through a random sampling technique. Descriptive statistical analysis and chisquare analysis were employed to analyse the results. From the results it can be concluded that many natural resources in the redemption are endangered as a result of religion tourism. It is therefore recommended that town and land-use planning authorities should be involved in safe-guarding the natural areas, water bodies, and sustainable conversion of wild land to tourist sites. © 2014, SRAC - Societatea Romana Pentru Asigurarea Calitatii. All rights reserved.	Environment; Natural resources; Redemption Camp; Sustainable; Tourism	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-58149181590	Faculty opinion as collection evaluation method: A case study of redeemer's university library	Oseghale O.	2008	Library Philosophy and Practice	2008	DEC.	None	Redeemer's University, Library, Redemption City, Mowe, Ogun State, Nigeria	Oseghale, O., Redeemer's University, Library, Redemption City, Mowe, Ogun State, Nigeria	Library users judge the quality of a collection by the extent to which it can meet their teaching, learning, and research requirements. University faculty must have a library collection that meets their curricular and accreditation needs. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 70 academic staff who participated in the study. Findings revealed that most respondents find useful material in the library occasionally, but that the collection needs to be strengthened in particular subject areas and in print serials. Faculty judgments about the library might become even more critical in an environment where they do not have any means of expressing their opinion. The study recommends that collection development librarians should consider, in consultation with teaching faculty colleagues, what the library can and should provide, and how this balance will relate to teaching, learning, and research needs of users.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000294754600003	Potential sociological impacts of unfair treatment of seafarers	Manuel, Michael Ekow	2011	MARITIME POLICY &amp; MANAGEMENT	38	1	10.1080/03088839.2010.533714	Reg Maritime Univ	None	World trade is dependent on shipping. The ships which facilitate this trade are crewed by thousands of men and women from many different nations. In light of recent incidents/accidents which have drawn adverse media attention to the industry, there has been increased focus on international shipping via various legislative and administrative measures. One consequence of the adverse attention seems to be the way that individuals who crew the ships are being treated in various jurisdictions. This paper discusses some potential sociological impacts of what is often perceived to be the unfair treatment of seafarers and how such sociological impacts may have more technical consequences (impacts) related to risk. It generates some hypothetical positions for the purposes of discussion and is not based on empirical findings.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-73149090995	The chairman's statements and annual reports: Are they reporting the same company performance to investors?	Bhana N.	2009	Investment Analysts Journal	70	1	None	Regent Business School, PO Box 10686, Marine Parade, Durban 4056, South Africa; University of Bedfordshire, United Kingdom	Bhana, N., Regent Business School, PO Box 10686, Marine Parade, Durban 4056, South Africa, University of Bedfordshire, United Kingdom	This paper analyses the chairman's statements of the top 50 and bottom 50 companies listed on the JSE ranked by percentage change in profit before taxation. The research examines whether companies with improving and declining performance report good and bad news in different ways. The findings are in line with expectations and both groups of companies show a preference to emphasise the positive aspects of their performance. Furthermore, both groups prefer to take credit for good news themselves, while blaming the external environment for bad news. Managers use accounting narratives in a self-serving manner, rather than reporting performance objectively. The research in this paper has implications for the current state of financial reporting whereby auditors do not formally audit but instead review the chairman's statement to ascertain its consistency with the financial statements.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84933035582	Earth observation in support of malaria control and epidemiology: MALAREO monitoring approaches	Franke J., Gebreslasie M., Bauwens I., Deleu J., Siegert F.	2015	Geospatial Health	10	1	10.4081/gh.2015.335	Remote Sensing Solutions GmbH, Baierbrunn, Germany; School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Nazka mapps bvba, Hever, United Kingdom; EUROSENSE, Wemmel, Belgium; Biology Department II, GeoBioCenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Planegg, Germany	Franke, J., Remote Sensing Solutions GmbH, Baierbrunn, Germany; Gebreslasie, M., School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Bauwens, I., Nazka mapps bvba, Hever, United Kingdom; Deleu, J., EUROSENSE, Wemmel, Belgium; Siegert, F., Remote Sensing Solutions GmbH, Baierbrunn, Germany, Biology Department II, GeoBioCenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Planegg, Germany	Malaria affects about half of the world’s population, with the vast majority of cases occuring in Africa. National malaria control programmes aim to reduce the burden of malaria and its negative, socioeconomic effects by using various control strategies (e.g. vector control, environmental management and case tracking). Vector control is the most effective transmission prevention strategy, while environmental factors are the key parameters affecting transmission. Geographic information systems (GIS), earth observation (EO) and spatial modelling are increasingly being recognised as valuable tools for effective management and malaria vector control. Issues previously inhibiting the use of EO in epidemiology and malaria control such as poor satellite sensor performance, high costs and long turnaround times, have since been resolved through modern technology. The core goal of this study was to develop and implement the capabilities of EO data for national malaria control programmes in South Africa, Swaziland and Mozambique. High- and very high resolution (HR and VHR) land cover and wetland maps were generated for the identification of potential vector habitats and human activities, as well as geoinformation on distance to wetlands for malaria risk modelling, population density maps, habitat foci maps and VHR household maps. These products were further used for modelling malaria incidence and the analysis of environmental factors that favour vector breeding. Geoproducts were also transferred to the staff of national malaria control programmes in seven African countries to demonstrate how EO data and GIS can support vector control strategy planning and monitoring. The transferred EO products support better epidemiological understanding of environmental factors related to malaria transmission, and allow for spatio-temporal targeting of malaria control interventions, thereby improving the cost-effectiveness of interventions. © Copyright M. Eckardt et al.	Disease monitoring; Health; Malaria risk; Remote sensing; Vector control	None	None
WoS	WOS:000339068500002	The Impact of Microcredit on Child Education: Quasi-experimental Evidence from Rural China	Annim, Samuel,You, Jing	2014	JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT STUDIES	50	7	10.1080/00220388.2014.903243	Renmin University of China, University of Cape Coast	"Annim, Samuel: University of Cape Coast","You, Jing: Renmin University of China"	This article assesses causal effects of formal microcredit on children's educational outcomes by using household panel data (2000 and 2004) in north-west rural China. The unobservables between borrowers and non-borrowers are controlled in static and dynamic regression-discontinuity designs. The static analysis reveals significant positive impact of microcredit on schooling years in 2000 only, and no influence on academic performance for either wave. The dynamic analysis shows progressive treatment effects on both longer schooling years and higher average scores. Formal microcredit improves education in the longer term compared to the short term, and hence may help relaxing the grip of educational poverty traps.	,BANGLADESH,HOUSEHOLDS,MICROFINANCE,POOR,POVERTY,"REGRESSION-DISCONTINUITY DESIGN"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84878862975	The effect of governance on performance of commercial banks in Kenya: A panel study	Nyamongo E.M., Temesgen K.	2013	Corporate Governance (Bingley)	13	3	10.1108/CG-12-2010-0107	Research and Policy Analysis Department, Central Bank of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya; School of Economics and Business, Moi University, Nairobi, Kenya	Nyamongo, E.M., Research and Policy Analysis Department, Central Bank of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya; Temesgen, K., School of Economics and Business, Moi University, Nairobi, Kenya	Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of corporate governance on the performance of 37 commercial banks in Kenya over the period 2005-2009. Design/methodology/approach: The paper uses two measures of performance, i.e. return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE), and the dependent variables and three measures of governance - namely the board size, independent directors, and CEO duality - as the key independent variables. The study follows a panel econometrics technique to investigate the relationship between governance variables and bank performance. Findings: The main findings are as follows: a large board size tends to impact performance negatively; the existence of independent board directors tends to enhance the performance of the banks; and there is no evidence that CEO duality or otherwise has impact on the performance of commercial banks in Kenya. Practical implications: The study therefore recommends that for commercial banks in Kenya to register high performance they need to check the size of their board of directors and also increase the number of independent directors. Originality/value: To the authors' best knowledge, this is the first study on Kenya that has used advanced panel data techniques. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Commercial banks; Governance; Kenya; Organizational performance; Panel data	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892747490	Assessment of the impact of foreign aid on economic growth: Evidence From 26 HIPC Sub-Sahara African countries	Phiri Y., Tchereni B.H.M.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	13	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n13p201	Reserve Bank of Malawi, Malawi; Regenesys Business School, South Africa	Phiri, Y., Reserve Bank of Malawi, Malawi; Tchereni, B.H.M., Regenesys Business School, South Africa	The study examined the impact of foreign aid on economic growth using a sample of 26 HIPC countries from the Sub-Saharan Africa over the period 1980 to 2006. Using Random Effects method, the results show that firstly the initial level of income, investment, growth in labour force, government size, debt service and aid intensity are the main determinants of growth in SSA. Secondly the study finds evidence of a direct positive impact of aid intensity on economic growth being significantly different from zero. However, this direct impact does not compare favourably with the impact exerted by investment and government size on economic growth. Thus while the findings support moves by the G8 to double aid to developing countries including Africa, the need for Africa to industrialize remains a necessary precondition for the growth impact of aid to be meaningful.	Economic growth; Fixed effects; Foreign aid; HIPC	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874350014	Plant-derived aerosol-smoke and smoke solutions influence agronomic performance of a traditional cereal crop, tef	Ghebrehiwot H., Kulkarni M., Bairu M., Van Staden J.	2013	Experimental Agriculture	49	2	10.1017/S0014479712001068	Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa	Ghebrehiwot, H., Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa; Kulkarni, M., Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa; Bairu, M., Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa; Van Staden, J., Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa	The positive role of plant-derived smoke on seed germination and post-germination processes is well documented. The present study examined if plant-derived smoke with various methods of application influence the agronomic performance of a traditional cereal crop, tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter]. Comparisons were made in potted tef plants, which germinated from seeds treated with smoke-water (1:500 dilution), Karrikinolide1 (KAR1, 10-8 M) solutions and seeds pretreated with cool aerosol-smoke for 10 min (rinsed and unrinsed afterwards). The smoke-related treatments modified a number of physiological, morphological and agronomic features of Eragrostis tef. Compared with the control, KAR1 and aerosol-smoke treatment of the seeds significantly improved plant height. All the smoke-related treatments significantly promoted stem-thickness whereas number of tillers and grain and dry biomass responded positively to aerosol-smoke and smoke-water treatments. These findings indicate that the plant-derived smoke treatment has a great potential to improve grain and dry biomass yields of tef. Moreover, due to its positive role in improving stem-thickness, smoke treatment may assist in combating lodging problems in cereals such as rice, wheat and barley, provided they are responsive to smoke treatments. Copyright © 2012 Cambridge University Press.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893597433	Evaluation of the allelopathic potential of five South African mesic grassland species	Ghebrehiwot H.M., Aremu A.O., van Staden J.	2014	Plant Growth Regulation	72	2	10.1007/s10725-013-9847-y	Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa	Ghebrehiwot, H.M., Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa; Aremu, A.O., Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa; van Staden, J., Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa	The recent success of Aristida junciformis Trin. and Rupr. and Eragrostis curvula Schrad. Nees in dominating South African grasslands has posed agricultural and ecological threats. With the objective of examining if the current success of the species is related to allelopathy, the present study assessed the allelopathic potential of five common perennial grassland species (Poaceae). Aqueous extracts prepared by soaking separately 2, 10, 25 and 40 g of leaf and root material in 100 mL of distilled-water for 36 h were bioassayed using a biotest species i.e. Grand Rapids lettuce seeds (Lactuca sativa L. cv.). Species, dilution level and plant-part had a highly significant (P < 0.001) effect on germination percentage, as well as shoot and root elongation of the biotest species. At higher concentrations, the leaf extracts of all species showed significant inhibitory activities which declined with increases in dilution level. A. junciformis, E. curvula and Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) BK Simon and SWL Jacobs. demonstrated the highest degree of inhibition in germination percentage and subsequent seedling length; with complete inhibition recorded at dilution levels ≥25 % w/v. At high concentration levels, root extracts of all species, except Themeda triandra Forssk. exhibited significant inhibitory effects on germination; with Hyparrhenia hirta (L.) Staph being most inhibitory. Relatively speaking, E. curvula, A. junciformis and M. maximus showed the highest degree of inhibition. These findings suggest that these three species possess strong allelopathic potential. Such an allelopathic supremacy may contribute to their dominance in natural grasslands. Further studies, however, are still required to isolate responsible phytochemicals and to better understand if allelopathic advantage is the key factor contributing to population dynamics in the field. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.	Allelopathy; Bioassay; Leaf extract; Lettuce seed; Perennial grasses; Seedling growth	None	Claude Leon Foundation
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956311444	The Impact of poverty on women's psychosocial well-being: Narratives from Zimbabwean migrant women in South Africa	Chireshe R.	2010	Journal of Psychology in Africa	20	2	None	Research Champion, Faculty of Education, Walter Sisulu University, Private Bag X1, Mthatha, 5117, South Africa	Chireshe, R., Research Champion, Faculty of Education, Walter Sisulu University, Private Bag X1, Mthatha, 5117, South Africa	The study Investigated the psychosocial Impact poverty has had on Zimbabwean migrant women. The sample comprised 7 female participants (3 professional teachers and 4 Informal traders) who had migrated to South Africa because of poverty. Their age ranged from 16 to 55 years. In-depth interviews were conducted using an interview guide. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The migrant women's health and well-being were compromised from poverty related experiences while sojourners.	Impact; Migrant; Poverty; Psychosocial well-being; Women; Zimbabwe	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84930014569	Some impacts of south African FDI flows on the current account balance	De Beer B., Rangasamy L.	2015	Journal for Studies in Economics and Econometrics	39	1	None	Research Department, South African Reserve Bank, Pretoria, South Africa; International Economic Relations and Policy Department, South African Reserve Bank, Pretoria, South Africa; University of Mafikeng, University of North-West, Mafikeng campus and Trade Research Niche Area, Campus, South Africa	De Beer, B., Research Department, South African Reserve Bank, Pretoria, South Africa; Rangasamy, L., International Economic Relations and Policy Department, South African Reserve Bank, Pretoria, South Africa, University of Mafikeng, University of North-West, Mafikeng campus and Trade Research Niche Area, Campus, South Africa	There has been a significant surge in capital flows to emerging market economies over the last decade. This paper analyses South Africa’s experience with FDI flows. The paper highlights the South African experience in an international comparative context. The results indicate that South Africa has performed below-par (on-par) with comparator countries in terms of FDI inflows (outflows). Since 2004, the South African economy has become increasingly dependent on capital inflows to finance the widening current account deficit. While FDI inflows have been much smaller than portfolio flows, net dividend payments on FDI flows (non-fdi flows) made up 36 per cent (15 per cent) of the current account deficit for the period 2004 to 2012. Unless there is a significant rise (decline) in the exports (imports) of goods and services, the South African economy will be dependent on foreign capital inflows to offset the investment income repayments and the current account deficit. The policy challenge is to promote FDI that enhances exports production and economic growth. In this regard, the nature of the FDI, the manner in which it is funded and the impact on the current account and economic growth are important characteristics that warrant special attention when devising policies to promote FDI inflows. © 2015 Universiteit Stellenbosch. All rights reserved.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943513859	The impact of Ghana's R3M programme on the provision of safe abortions and postabortion care	Sundaram A., Juarez F., Ahiadeke C., Bankole A., Blades N.	2015	Health Policy and Planning	30	8	10.1093/heapol/czu105	Research Division, Guttmacher Institute, New York, NY, United States; Centro de Estudios Demográfico, Urbanos y Ambientales, El Colegio de Méico, Mexico; Institute for Statistical, Social, and Economic Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana	Sundaram, A., Research Division, Guttmacher Institute, New York, NY, United States; Juarez, F., Research Division, Guttmacher Institute, New York, NY, United States, Centro de Estudios Demográfico, Urbanos y Ambientales, El Colegio de Méico, Mexico; Ahiadeke, C., Institute for Statistical, Social, and Economic Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana; Bankole, A., Research Division, Guttmacher Institute, New York, NY, United States; Blades, N., Research Division, Guttmacher Institute, New York, NY, United States	In 2006, in response to the high maternal mortality, driven largely by unsafe abortions, the government of Ghana, in partnership with other organizations, launched the reducing maternal mortality and morbidity (R3M) programme in seven districts in Greater Accra, Ashanti and Eastern, to improve comprehensive abortion care services. This article examines whether this intervention made a difference to the provision of safe abortion services and postabortion care (PAC). We also examine the role played by provider attitudes and knowledge of the abortion law, on providers with clinical training in service provision. Primary data on health care providers in Ghana, collected using a quasi-experimental design, were analysed using propensity score weighting. Apart from the treatment group, the sample included two controls: (1) Districts in Accra, Ashanti and Eastern, not exposed to the treatment; and (2) Districts from distant Brong Ahafo, also not exposed to the treatment. The findings show that providers in the treatment group are nearly 16 times as likely to provide safe abortions compared with their peers in Brong Ahafo, and ∼2.5 times as likely compared with providers in the other control group. R3M providers were also different from their peers in providing PAC. Associations between provider attitudes and knowledge of the law on both outcomes were either non-significant or inconsistent including for providers with clinical knowledge of abortion provision. Provider confidence however is strongly associated with service provision. We conclude that the R3M programme is helping safe abortion provision, with the differences being greater with control groups that are geographically distant, perhaps owing to lower contamination from movement of providers between facilities. Increasing provider confidence is key to improving both safe abortion provision and PAC. © 2014 Published by Oxford University Press in association with The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.	Abortion; Ghana; programme evaluation; propensity score analysis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84955664781	The language issue and academic performance at a South African University	van Rooy B., Coetzee-Van Rooy S.	2015	Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies	33	1	10.2989/16073614.2015.1012691	Research Focus Area: Understanding and Processing Language in Complex Settings (UPSET), North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, South Africa	van Rooy, B., Research Focus Area: Understanding and Processing Language in Complex Settings (UPSET), North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, South Africa; Coetzee-Van Rooy, S., Research Focus Area: Understanding and Processing Language in Complex Settings (UPSET), North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, South Africa	Academic performance at universities in South Africa is a cause of concern. It is widely acknowledged that there are a variety of factors that contribute to poor academic performance, but language is regarded as one of the most important issues in this discussion. In this article, the relationship between language and academic performance at a South African university for the first-year group in 2010 (n = 900) is investigated, taking their performance in their second (2011) and third (2012) year into account. The authors review: (a) the relationships between measures of language ability (matric scores, and scores on university placement tests like the NBT and TALL/TAG); and (b) the relationship between these language measures, performance in courses offered by universities to support students and general academic success indicators to investigate the language issue and academic performance at university. The main findings of the study are: (a) matric average results above 65% are useful to predict academic success at university; matric average results below 65% cannot be used with confidence to predict success at university; (b) language measures (e.g. matric language marks, and scores on academic literacy tests used by some universities) are not good predictors of academic success at university; (c) there are strong positive relationships between the academic literacy components in the NBT and TALL/TAG; and (d) scores achieved in academic literacy modules are good predictors of academic success. The implications of these findings are discussed in the context of strategic decisions that academic managers should consider when they reflect on the language issue and its impact on academic performance at South African universities. © 2015, NISC (Pty) Ltd.	None	None	NRF, National Research Foundation
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894555016	The Job Insecurity Scale: A psychometric evaluation across five European countries	Vander Elst T., De Witte H., De Cuyper N.	2014	European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology	23	3	10.1080/1359432X.2012.745989	Research Group on Work, Organizational and Personnel Psychology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Vanderbijlpark Campus, North-West University, South Africa	Vander Elst, T., Research Group on Work, Organizational and Personnel Psychology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; De Witte, H., Research Group on Work, Organizational and Personnel Psychology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, Vanderbijlpark Campus, North-West University, South Africa; De Cuyper, N., Research Group on Work, Organizational and Personnel Psychology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium	Multiple instruments have been developed and used to measure quantitative job insecurity (i.e., insecurity to lose the job as such), often without systematic evaluation of their psychometric characteristics across countries and language barriers. This may hamper consistent and reliable cross-study and cross-country comparisons. This study's aim was to introduce and validate the four-item Job Insecurity Scale (JIS) developed by De Witte across five European countries (i.e., Belgium, The Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, and the UK). Overall, the results demonstrated the construct validity (i.e., configural invariance and invariance of the measurement model parameters), the reliability (internal consistency of the items), and the criterion validity (with respect to affective organizational commitment, perceived general health, and self-reported performance) of the JIS. The different translations of the JIS can thus be considered as valid and reliable instruments to measure job insecurity and can be used to make meaningful comparisons across countries. Furthermore, the JIS translations may be utilized to assess how job insecurity is related to outcomes. © 2014 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	Affective organizational commitment; Cross-country validation; Job Insecurity Scale; Perceived general health; Self-reported performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894071742	Exemplification and perceived job insecurity: Associations with self-rated performance and emotional exhaustion	De Cuyper N., Schreurs B., Elst T.V., Baillien E., De Witte H.	2014	Journal of Personnel Psychology	13	0.041666666667	10.1027/1866-5888/a000099	Research Group Work, Organizational and Personnel Psychology, KU Leuven, Belgium; Maastricht University, Netherlands; Human Relations Research Group, HU Brussel, Belgium; North West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa	De Cuyper, N., Research Group Work, Organizational and Personnel Psychology, KU Leuven, Belgium; Schreurs, B., Maastricht University, Netherlands; Elst, T.V., Research Group Work, Organizational and Personnel Psychology, KU Leuven, Belgium; Baillien, E., Human Relations Research Group, HU Brussel, Belgium; De Witte, H., Research Group Work, Organizational and Personnel Psychology, KU Leuven, Belgium, North West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa	Impression management is typically seen as a means to achieve success. Little is known about potential side effects for the self, or about impression management aimed at prevention of loss. Here, we probe the relationship between exemplification (impression management aimed at acquiring the image ofmodel employee) and performance and emotional exhaustion, accounting for the moderating role of job insecurity.Weuse the ResourceModel of Self-regulation and the Conservation of Resources Theory to propose that the association of exemplificationwith performance and emotional exhaustion is more positive with increased job insecurity. Hypotheses were tested in a sample of 603 Peruvian workers using structural equation modeling (SEM). The pattern of results supported our hypotheses: Exemplification has unintended effects when workers feel insecure. © 2014 Hogrefe Publishing.	Emotional exhaustion; Impression management; Job insecurity; Performance; Well-being	None	None
WoS	WOS:000295735200015	Evaluation of a Peer Network-Based Sexual Risk Reduction Intervention for Men in Beer Halls in Zimbabwe: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial	Chasakara, Charles,Chirowodza, Admire,Fritz, Katherine,Kellogg, Timothy,Makumbe, Knox,Mashoko, Chamunorwa,McFarland, Willi,Woelk, Godfrey,Wyrod, Robert	2011	AIDS AND BEHAVIOR	15	8	10.1007/s10461-011-9922-1	Research Triangle Institute, University of California San Francisco, University of California System, University of Michigan, University of Michigan System, University of Zimbabwe, Harare Beer Hall Intervent, Int Ctr Res Women, RTI Int, San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth	"Wyrod, Robert: University of Michigan","Wyrod, Robert: University of Michigan System",	While much emphasis has been placed on involving men in AIDS prevention in sub-Saharan Africa, there remain few rigorously evaluated interventions in this area. A particularly appealing point of intervention is the sexual risk behavior associated with men's alcohol consumption. This article reports the outcomes of The Sahwira HIV Prevention Program, a male-focused, peer-based intervention promoting the idea that men can assist their friends in avoiding high-risk sexual encounters associated with alcohol drinking. The intervention was evaluated in a randomized, controlled trial (RCT) implemented in 24 beer halls in Harare, Zimbabwe. A cadre of 413 male beer hall patrons (similar to 20% of the patronage) was trained to assist their male peers within their friendship networks. Activities included one-on-one interactions, small group discussions, and educational events centering on the theme of men helping their male friends avoid risk. Venues were randomized into 12 control versus 12 intervention beer halls with little cross-contamination between study arms. The penetration and impact of the intervention were assessed by pre- and post-intervention cross-sectional surveys of the beer hall patronage. The intervention was implemented with a high degree of fidelity to the protocol, with exposure to the intervention activities significantly higher among intervention patrons compared to control. While we found generally declining levels of risk behavior in both study arms from baseline to post-intervention, we found no evidence of an impact of the intervention on our primary outcome measure: episodes of unprotected sex with non-wife partners in the preceding 6 months (median 5.4 episodes for men at intervention beer halls vs. 5.1 among controls, P = 0.98). There was also no evidence that the intervention reduced other risks for HIV. It remains an imperative to find ways to productively engage men in AIDS prevention, especially in those venues where male bonding, alcohol consumption, and sexual risk behavior are intertwined.	ALCOHOL,"Beer halls",HIV,MEN,ZIMBABWE,AIDS,BEHAVIOR,"DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS","GAY MEN",HIV/AIDS,"HIV-PREVENTION INTERVENTION","OPINION LEADERS","PARTNER VIOLENCE","SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA",WOMEN	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84876034731	Evaluation of analgesics usage in pain management among physicians	Kamaldeen A.-S., Omuya L.M., Buhari A.-S.M., Saka A.O., Saka M.J.	2012	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	2	6	10.7324/JAPS.2012.2618	Research Unit, Peace Standard Pharmaceuticals, Ilorin, Nigeria; Pharmacy Department Federal Medical Centre, Lokoja, Nigeria; Microbiology Department University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria; Paediatric and Child health, University of Ilorin	Kamaldeen, A.-S., Research Unit, Peace Standard Pharmaceuticals, Ilorin, Nigeria; Omuya, L.M., Pharmacy Department Federal Medical Centre, Lokoja, Nigeria; Buhari, A.-S.M., Microbiology Department University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria; Saka, A.O., Paediatric and Child health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria; Saka, M.J., Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria	One of the objectives of the National drug policy is to promote the rational use of drugs by prescribers, dispensers and consumer. However, in developing countries, inappropriate prescribing has been identified among health facilities. Analgesics have been identified as one of the commonly prescribed drugs among prescribers in managing pain. Therefore, the objective of this study is to assess the analgesic usage among physicians at the outpatient department of a tertiary health facility. This study was a descriptive cross sectional survey. A total of 624 prescription sheets containing prescribed analgesics was obtained and examined. Data generated were analysed using SPSS version 15 software. The mean number of analgesics per prescription was 1.23 ± 0.49. The mean number of drug per prescription was 3.68 ± 1.54. A total of 16 analgesics were prescribed and the most prescribed analgesic was Paracetamol. There were low irrational analgesics combinations amongprescribers. Most of the analgesics were prescribed correctly. Majority of the analgesics were prescribed in generic names. Oral dosage form formed the bulk of the prescribed analgesics. Also, most of the analgesics were from the Essential DrugList and almost all analgesics prescribed were available in the Pharmacy department for dispensing to patients as at the time the prescriptions were written. This study revealed that pain management in the centre was largely in accordance to the National Drug Policy and Standard treatment guidelines.	Analgesic; Pain; Physician; Prescription	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-72649090190	The risk-adjusted performance of responsible investment funds in South Africa	Viviers S., Bosch J.K., Smit E.M., Buijs A.	2008	Investment Analysts Journal	68	1	None	Respectively Department of Business Management, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa; Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, University of Stellenbosch Business School and University of Utrecht, Netherlands	Viviers, S., Respectively Department of Business Management, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa; Bosch, J.K., Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, University of Stellenbosch Business School and University of Utrecht, Netherlands; Smit, E.M., Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, University of Stellenbosch Business School and University of Utrecht, Netherlands; Buijs, A., Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, University of Stellenbosch Business School and University of Utrecht, Netherlands	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000290069600013	Monitoring Indicators of Living Conditions in a South African Urban Community	Moller, Valerie,Phillips, R,Radloff, Sarah,RAHTZ, D,SIRGY, MJ	2011	COMMUNITY QUALITY-OF-LIFE INDICATORS: BEST CASES V	3	None	10.1007/978-94-007-0535-7_13	Rhodes University	"Moller, Valerie: Rhodes University","Radloff, Sarah: Rhodes University"	A social indicators community project was launched in 1999 to monitor changing living standards in Rhini, a low-income suburb of Grahamstown, Makana Municipality, South Africa. Since 1994, under democratic rule, considerable progress has been made in service delivery to the formerly disadvantaged in South African society in terms of access to housing, infrastructure, and a social safety net to mitigate the high rate of unemployment. Results from two representative cross-sectional household surveys (n862/n1,020) conducted in 1999 and 2007 in Rhini demonstrate major changes in material living standards. However, these increases are not reflected in assessments of the household situation. Results are discussed against the background of rising expectations and social policy under democracy. It is concluded that income and employment poverty might dilute gains from higher material living standards. Further research using panel-study data is needed to demonstrate the lasting effects of service delivery on perceived quality of life in South Africa.	,INSTRUMENT,NEEDS,QUALITY-OF-LIFE,"SUBJECTIVE INDICATORS"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000270208400003	Monitoring in adaptive co-management: Toward a learning based approach	Cundill, Georgina,Fabricius, Christo	2009	JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT	90	11	10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.05.012	Rhodes University, Council for Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) - South Africa, CSIR	"Fabricius, Christo: Rhodes University",	The recognition of complexity and uncertainty in natural resource management has lead to the development of a wealth of conceptual frameworks aimed at integrated assessment and complex systems monitoring. Relatively less attention has however been given to methodological approaches that might facilitate learning as part of the monitoring process. This paper reviews the monitoring literature relevant to adaptive co-management, with a focus on the synergies between existing monitoring frameworks, collaborative monitoring approaches and social learning. The paper discusses the role of monitoring in environmental management in general, and the challenges posed by scale and complexity when monitoring in adaptive co-management. Existing conceptual frameworks for monitoring relevant to adaptive co-management are reviewed, as are lessons from experiences with collaborative monitoring. The paper concludes by offering a methodological approach to monitoring that actively seeks to engender reflexive learning as a means to deal with uncertainty in natural resource management. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved	"adaptive co-management","collaborative monitoring",COMPLEXITY,"SOCIAL LEARNING","BUILDING RESILIENCE",CLIMATE-CHANGE,CONSERVATION,FRAMEWORK,"NATURAL-RESOURCE MANAGEMENT",PERSPECTIVE,"PROTECTED AREAS",SCALE,"SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS",WORLD	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84919917029	Poverty, inequality and mathematics performance: the case of South Africa’s post-apartheid context	Graven M.H.	2013	ZDM - International Journal on Mathematics Education	46	7	10.1007/s11858-013-0566-7	Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa	Graven, M.H., Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa	South Africa’s recent history of apartheid, its resultant high levels of poverty and extreme social and economic distance between rich and poor continue to play-out in education in complex ways. The country provides a somewhat different context for exploring the relationship between SES and education than other countries. The apartheid era only ended in 1994, after which education became the vehicle for transforming society and a political rhetoric of equity and quality education for all was prioritized. Thus education focused on redressing inequalities; and major curriculum change, with on-going revisions, was attempted. In this sense engagement with SES and education became foregrounded in policy, political discourse and research literature. Yet for all the political will and rhetoric little has been achieved and indicators are that inequality has worsened in mathematics education, where it is particularly pronounced. This paper proposes that continued research confirming poverty–underachievement links, which suggest an inevitability of positive correlations, is unhelpful. Instead we should explore issues of disempowerment and agency, constraints and possibilities, and the complex interplay of factors that create these widely established national statistics while simultaneously defying them in particular local contexts. Such research could shift the focus from a discourse of deficit and helplessness towards a discourse of possibilities in the struggle for equity and quality education for all. © 2013, FIZ Karlsruhe.	Inequality; Performance; Redress; SES	None	DST, Department of Science and Technology, Republic of South Africa
Scopus	2-s2.0-84875089857	The impact of student opinions of built heritage on their perceptions of institutional loyalty: Implications for marketing strategies [Die impak van studentmenings omtrent gebou-erfenis op hul persepsies van institusionele lojaliteit: Implikasies vir bema	Poor J., Snowball J.	2012	Acta Academica	44	3	None	Rhodes University, Natural Resources and Environmental Economics, Truman State University, McClain Hall 203, 100 East Normal Avenue, Kirksville, MO 63501-4221, United States; Dept of Economics and Economic History, Rhodes University, P O Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa	Poor, J., Rhodes University, Natural Resources and Environmental Economics, Truman State University, McClain Hall 203, 100 East Normal Avenue, Kirksville, MO 63501-4221, United States; Snowball, J., Dept of Economics and Economic History, Rhodes University, P O Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa	Research has shown that the racial diversity of university student populations improves social tolerance and academic performance. However, students of colour are more likely to drop out than their white counterparts and to feel isolated and excluded from campus life. One possible reason for such feelings is the built heritage on campuses, in particular those with colonial-era style. This research uses student survey data from St Mary's College of Maryland in the US and Rhodes University in South Africa to investigate student attitudes towards, and knowledge about, campus built heritage and their perceptions of its impact on student loyalty. © UV/UFS.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78649989738	Evaluation of water poverty index in Ondo State, Nigeria	Yahaya O., Akinro A.O., Mogaji Kehinde O., Ologunagba B.	2009	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	4	10	None	Right Foundation Academy, Ikare-Akoko, Ondo-State, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Department of Civil Engineering, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Enginee	Yahaya, O., Right Foundation Academy, Ikare-Akoko, Ondo-State, Nigeria; Akinro, A.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Mogaji Kehinde, O., Department of Civil Engineering, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Nigeria; Ologunagba, B., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Nigeria	An increasing world population exerts a continually growing demand on usable freshwater resource and matching the demand with supply of safe drinking water has resulted to serious social-economic constraints. Time and drudgery involved to access safe drinking resulted to loss of human capital, thus affects nearly every household activity. This paper focuses on the evaluation of Water Poverty Index (WPI) as an integrated tool veritable for all the local government areas in Ondo State of Nigeria to address their water sector. Simple time analysis and composite index approaches were employed to compute WPI values in all the sampled areas. Variables such as water resource, access to safe water, use of water and environmental impacts were considered. The ranking of WPI values from the two approaches shows that Ese-Odo is the most water-stressed with least WPI values of 10.1 points (composite index) and highest value of 1.4 minsl-1 (simple time analysis), while Owo, Ondo-West and Ose local government areas are less water stressed with WPI values of 0.55 minsl-1, 17.8; 0.53 minsl-1, 16.2; and 0.5 minsl-1, 17.1 respectively. The results obtained indicate that constructive investment in water and sanitation improves Human Development Index (HDI). However, this paper concludes that to prevent the occurrence of virtual water situation and improve water supply, researches of this nature should be conducted from time to time and government at all levels should holistically address the problem. © 2006-2009 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN).	Access; Dry; Ese-Odo; Freshwater; Household; Season; Water poverty index; Water stress; Wet	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77955800417	Assessing the impact of university reputation on stakeholder intentions	Ressler J., Abratt R.	2009	Journal of General Management	35	3	None	Rinker School of Business, Palm Beach Atlantic University, Florida, United States; Huizenga School of Business and Entrepreneurship, Nova Southeastern University, Florida, United States; Wits Business School, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Ressler, J., Rinker School of Business, Palm Beach Atlantic University, Florida, United States; Abratt, R., Huizenga School of Business and Entrepreneurship, Nova Southeastern University, Florida, United States, Wits Business School, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	This article explores the concept of university reputation and its impact on stakeholder intentions. The authors seek a greater understanding of how different stakeholders perceive the reputation of universities. The literature dealing with identity, image and reputation is explored, as well as stakeholder theory, the measurement of reputation and various models of university reputation. The article concludes with a proposed model for testing the reputation of a university. Alist of attributes that should be used to test stakeholder perceptions of university reputation is presented.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-54149083020	Effect of mathematical games on Nigerian students' performance in mathematics in secondary schools in Port Harcourt Metropolis	Adaramola O.M., Alamina J.I.	2008	European Journal of Scientific Research	20	2	None	Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Adaramola, O.M., Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Alamina, J.I., Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	The study investigated the effect of mathematical games on Nigerian students' performance in mathematics in secondary schools in Port Harcourt.. The design of the study was Pretest, Posttest Control Group Design. A total of one hundred and eighty (180) JSS1 students were involved in the experimental study. This number was made up of Ninety (90) boys and Ninety (90) girls from three schools purposively chosen from the Co-educational Federal schools, State schools and Government Approved Private Schools in Port Harcourt metropolis, for a good representation of the schools. From these schools, subjects were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups i.e 60 students from each school. Two instruments were used in data collection. One was the pretest, which was used to establish the pretest mean scores, standard deviation and variance of the two groups used for study. This formed the basis for comparison with the posttest. The posttest was a parallel or an equivalent test to the pretest, and was used to determine the difference in achievement of students exposed to mathematical games and those not. The two groups were taught at different lesson times in their respective schools. The statistical tools used for the study were Mean, Standard Deviation, Variance, non-independent t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the use of mathematical games was more effective than the use of traditional lecture method in teaching mathematics. From the findings recommendations on how to improve students' performance in mathematics were made. The implications of the findings were also considered. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2008.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84905964986	Impact of financial liberalization on stock market volatility in Nigeria	Imegi J.C.	2014	Journal of Business and Retail Management Research	8	2	None	Rivers State University of Science/Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Imegi, J.C., Rivers State University of Science/Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	This study attempted to investigate the impact of financial liberalization on stock market volatility in Nigeria. This purpose was achieved by hypothesizing that financial liberalization has a significant impact on stock market volatility in Nigeria. This was supported by a review of theoretical and empirical literature on the subject-matter. A longitudinal survey design which covers the period of 1981 - 2012 was employed in generating data on financial liberalization and stock market volatility from the central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin. The data generated were analysed using the regressing analysis. The findings revealed that financial liberalization has a negative but insignificant impact on stock market volatility in Nigeria. It was therefore recommended that a good knowledge of financial liberalization is needed to enable financial experts and economy analysts effectively predict stock prices in order to stabilize the stock market.	Capital accumulation; Financial liberalization; Investors; Stock market; Volatility	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-35948957044	Tillage effects on growth performance of Hevea seedling rootstock and some fertility indices of sandy acid soil in the humid forest area of Nigeria	Okore I.K., Akpobome F.A., Tijani-Eniola H., Oghide E.A.	2007	Journal of Rubber Research	10	2	None	Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria, P. M. B 1049, Benin City, Nigeria; Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Okore, I.K., Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria, P. M. B 1049, Benin City, Nigeria; Akpobome, F.A., Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria, P. M. B 1049, Benin City, Nigeria; Tijani-Eniola, H., Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Oghide, E.A., Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria, P. M. B 1049, Benin City, Nigeria	Vast amount of resources are devoted annually for the establishment of Hevea seedling rootstock nursery through conventional tillage, despite global disposition of conservative tillage. A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of tillage methods, namely, plough+harrow, plough only, bed and without tillage on the growth performance of Hevea brasiliensis (natural rubber) seedling rootstock and the nutrient status of sandy acid soil in a forest area (Benin) of Nigeria for two years. In both cropping years (2003/2004 and 2004/2005), the effect of tillage methods on seedling height and stem girth did not differ significantly (P ≥ 0.05). However, seedling dry matter and budding success (69.8 g/tree and 78% on the average, respectively) were significantly higher in the ploughed plots. The plots with no tillage, followed by raised seedbed treatments, had significantly higher values of organic C, available P and exchangeable bases with low levels of Al3+ and H + at 0 cm-15 cm depth. Having recorded no significant difference in crop performance between the nil-tillage and plough+harrow plots, but higher soil nutrient levels in the treatments without tillage for two years; it could be predicted that land preparation without tillage, in addition to ploughing only or raised seed-bed was a better alternative to plough+harrow which often caused soil degradation in the sandy acid soil of high rainfall areas.	CEC; Growth performance; Hevea seedling; Natural rubber; Nigeria; Nursery; Organic C; Rootstock; Tillage practices	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84942436098	Immunization routes in cattle impact the levels and neutralizing capacity of antibodies induced against S. aureus immune evasion proteins	Boerhout E., Vrieling M., Benedictus L., Daemen I., Ravesloot L., Rutten V., Nuijten P., Van Strijp J., Koets A., Eisenberg S.	2015	Veterinary Research	46	1	10.1186/s13567-015-0243-7	Ruminant Research and Development, MSD Animal Health, Wim de Körverstraat 35, Boxmeer, Netherlands; Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, Utrecht, Netherlands; Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center, PO G04.614,Utrecht Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, Netherlands; Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, Utrecht, Netherlands; Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, South Africa; Department of Bacteriology and TSE, Central Veterinary Institute Part, Edelhertweg 15,Wageningen UR PO box 65, Lelystad, Netherlands	Boerhout, E., Ruminant Research and Development, MSD Animal Health, Wim de Körverstraat 35, Boxmeer, Netherlands, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, Utrecht, Netherlands; Vrieling, M., Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, Utrecht, Netherlands, Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center, PO G04.614,Utrecht Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, Netherlands; Benedictus, L., Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, Utrecht, Netherlands; Daemen, I., Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, Utrecht, Netherlands; Ravesloot, L., Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, Utrecht, Netherlands; Rutten, V., Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, Utrecht, Netherlands, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, South Africa; Nuijten, P., Ruminant Research and Development, MSD Animal Health, Wim de Körverstraat 35, Boxmeer, Netherlands; Van Strijp, J., Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center, PO G04.614,Utrecht Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, Netherlands; Koets, A., Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, Utrecht, Netherlands, Department of Bacteriology and TSE, Central Veterinary Institute Part, Edelhertweg 15,Wageningen UR PO box 65, Lelystad, Netherlands; Eisenberg, S., Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, Utrecht, Netherlands	Vaccines against S. aureus bovine mastitis are scarce and show limited protection only. All currently available vaccines are applied via the parenteral (usually intramuscular) route. It is unknown, however, whether this route is the most suitable to specifically increase intramammary immunity to combat S. aureus at the site of infection. Hence, in the present study, immunization via mucosal (intranasal; IN), intramuscular (triangle of the neck; IM), intramammary (IMM) and subcutaneous (suspensory ligament; SC) routes were analyzed for their effects on the quantity of the antibody responses in serum and milk as well as the neutralizing capacity of the antibodies within serum. The experimental vaccine comprised the recombinant S. aureus immune evasion proteins extracellular fibrinogen-binding protein (Efb) and the leukotoxin subunit LukM in an oil-in-water adjuvant combined with a hydrogel and alginate. The highest titer increases for both Efb and LukM specific IgG1 and IgG2 antibody levels in serum and milk were observed following SC/SC immunizations. Furthermore, the harmful effects of Efb and leukotoxin LukMF' on host-defense were neutralized by serum antibodies in a route-dependent manner. SC/SC immunization resulted in a significant increase in the neutralizing capacity of serum antibodies towards Efb and LukMF', shown by increased phagocytosis of S. aureus and increased viability of bovine leukocytes. Therefore, a SC immunization route should be considered when aiming to optimize humoral immunity against S. aureus mastitis in cattle. © 2015 Boerhout et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893361266	Factors influencing the job performance of nurses and midwives in postpartum units in two district hospitals in Rwanda	Uwaliraye P., Puoane T., Binagwaho A., Basinga P.	2013	Africa Journal of Nursing and Midwifery	15	2	None	Rwanda Ministry of Health, Planning and Health Information System, Rwanda; University of the Western Cape, School of Public Health, South Africa; Rwanda Ministry of Health, Office of the Minister, Rwanda; VIH/TB/Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Programme de Santé Mondiale, Seattle, United States	Uwaliraye, P., Rwanda Ministry of Health, Planning and Health Information System, Rwanda; Puoane, T., University of the Western Cape, School of Public Health, South Africa; Binagwaho, A., Rwanda Ministry of Health, Office of the Minister, Rwanda; Basinga, P., VIH/TB/Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Programme de Santé Mondiale, Seattle, United States	The performance of nurses and midwives in postpartum units can influence maternal health as well as infant survival. This study assessed factors influencing the performance of nurses and midwives working in the postpartum units in two public hospitals in Rwanda. Ninety-six nurses and midwives were observed while providing postpartum care according to a checklist comprising 30 activities. Each observed nurse and midwife was then interviewed about the presence or absence of specific performance factors. Results were analysed to compare average performance with the presence or absence of specific performance factors. Nurses and midwives performed poorly in the use of guidelines for postpartum care management. Factors that were associated with good performance included receiving feedback about job performance, training in postpartum care management and in the use of the postpartum guidelines, satisfaction with the work organisation, and organisational interest in staff members' creativity. Training and postpartum guidelines for staff members, aimed at reducing postpartum morbidity and mortality rates, should be planned in light of the factors that most directly affect the quality of care provided by nurses and midwives. Further analyses of factors contributing to good or poor performance are required. © ISSN 1682-5055.	Job performance; Midwifery in Rwanda; Nurses and midwives' performance factors; Postpartum care in Rwanda	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84937402478	Parental involvement, parenting style, secondary school student attitude towards schooling and academic performance in Kenya	Njagi S.N., Migosi J.A., Mwania J.M.	2014	International Journal of Education Economics and Development	5	2	10.1504/IJEED.2014.061453	Rwika Technical Training Institute, Maasai Mara University, P.O. Box 1264, Embu, Kenya; Department of Education, Administration and Planning, South Eastern Kenya University, P.O. Box 170, Kitui, Kenya; Kitui Town Campus, South Eastern Kenya University, P.O. Box 170, Kitui, Kenya	Njagi, S.N., Rwika Technical Training Institute, Maasai Mara University, P.O. Box 1264, Embu, Kenya; Migosi, J.A., Department of Education, Administration and Planning, South Eastern Kenya University, P.O. Box 170, Kitui, Kenya; Mwania, J.M., Kitui Town Campus, South Eastern Kenya University, P.O. Box 170, Kitui, Kenya	The study sought to find the relationship between parental involvement, parenting style, student's attitude towards school and academic performance. A correlational survey research design was used. Cronbach's alpha (α) for questionnaires from pilot study indicated that, parental involvement α = 0.7, authoritarian parenting α = 0.6, authoritative style α = 0.8, permissive parenting style α = 0.6 and attitude towards school had α = 0.6. Pearson correlation test on data from a sample of 200 students (100 girls and 100 boys) from public secondary schools in Embu North District, showed, parental involvement had positive significant relationship with both students attitude towards school and academic performance, authoritarian style had negative insignificant correlation with attitude towards school, but had significant negative correlation with academic performance, permissive parenting style had negative significant correlation with both attitude towards school and academic performance while attitude towards had positive significant relationship with academic achievement. There is need for parents to be sensitised on parenting. Copyright © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Academic performance; Attitudes towards school ATS; Kenya; Parental involvement; Parenting style; PS	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-36148993897	Yeast vitality - A holistic approach toward an integrated solution to predict yeast performance	Lodolo E.J., Cantrell I.C.	2007	Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemists	65	4	10.1094/ASBCJ-2007-0809-01	SABMiller Group Brewing Research, Sandton, South Africa; SABLtd. Brewing Centre of Excellence, P.O. Box 123902, Alrode 1451, South Africa	Lodolo, E.J., SABMiller Group Brewing Research, Sandton, South Africa, SABLtd. Brewing Centre of Excellence, P.O. Box 123902, Alrode 1451, South Africa; Cantrell, I.C., SABMiller Group Brewing Research, Sandton, South Africa	The underlying philosophy behind yeast vitality tests has been reconsidered and a new holistic approach proposed to predict brewing yeast fermentation performance. In this holistic approach, special emphasis is placed on the impact of yeast physiology when combined with varying growth media. Two methods of applying this approach are described, and a "low-tech" (quartets) approach that can be applied readily in commercial breweries is recommended. © 2007 American Society of Brewing Chemists, Inc.	DNA; Fermentation performance; Flow cytometry; Quartets; Vitality; Yeast	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84925061068	Factors affecting the reproductive performance of smallholder dairy cows in two regions of Ethiopia	Tesfaye A., Alemayehu L., Tefera Y., Endris A.	2015	Livestock Research for Rural Development	27	3	None	Samara University, College of Veterinary Medicine, P.O.Box 132, Samara, Ethiopia	Tesfaye, A., Samara University, College of Veterinary Medicine, P.O.Box 132, Samara, Ethiopia; Alemayehu, L., Samara University, College of Veterinary Medicine, P.O.Box 132, Samara, Ethiopia; Tefera, Y., Samara University, College of Veterinary Medicine, P.O.Box 132, Samara, Ethiopia; Endris, A., Samara University, College of Veterinary Medicine, P.O.Box 132, Samara, Ethiopia	The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of some factors on the reproductive performance of smallholder dairy cows under artificial insemination (AI) in two regions of Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study and retrospective data analysis were conducted on 428 farm characteristics and management, 644 cow reproductive histories and 613 inseminations by examining records and a questionnaire survey. Mean days for calving to first service interval (CFSI) and calving to conception interval (CCI) were 222 (n=320) and 257(n=234) days, respectively. Service per conception (SPC) was 1.54 and first service conception rate (FSCR) was 41.8%. The relationship between reproductive performance and risk factors was described by using proportion of submitted cows to first service by day 201 after calving (SUB201), pregnant cows by day 228 after calving (PREG228) and non pregnant cows by day 305 after calving (NPREG305). The proportions for SUB201, PREG228 and NPREG305 were 35%, 28% and 52%, respectively. Site, body condition score (BCS) and management systems were associated to SUB201, PREG228 and NPREG305. The odds for BCS <3 to that of BCS>3 were 0.379, 0.297 and 2.03 for SUB201, PREG228 and NPREG305, respectively. Farms with intensive management system had odds of 1.99, 1.77 and 0.533 for SUB201, PREG228 and NPREG305, respectively to that of extensively managed farms. The performance of the AI service in the area had association to SUB201 and NPREG305. BCS, age of the cow, management system and AI service performance were factors to affect the reproductive performance of the smallholder dairy farms. Thus, increasing reproductive performance should overcome the challenge of nutritional and AI management. © iForest – Biogeosciences and Forestry.	Body condition; Breed; Insemination; Pregnancy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84946092330	Reference service evaluation at an African academic library: the user perspective	Luo L., Buer V.B.	2015	Library Review	64	42591	10.1108/LR-04-2015-0046	San Jose State University, San Jose, CO, United States; University of Education, Winneba, Ghana	Luo, L., San Jose State University, San Jose, CO, United States; Buer, V.B., University of Education, Winneba, Ghana	Purpose – This paper aims to provide a detailed discussion of a large-scale library reference evaluation study conducted at the University of Education, Winneba (UEW) in Ghana. The study seeks to evaluate the reference service from the user perspective, focusing on how users use and perceive the service. Design/methodology/approach – Self-administered survey was used as the data collection instrument. One thousand questionnaires were distributed to library users in a three-week period, and the response rate was 63.7 per cent. Findings – The reference service had a high non-use rate of 42.6 per cent, which was primarily attributed to library users’ self-sufficiency and lack of awareness of the service. The top three motivations for library users to use the reference service were class assignments, personal interests and using library facilities. Although their overall altitude was positive, users felt that reference librarians were more successful at exhibiting customer service qualities than performing tasks related to identifying users’ information needs and searching/locating relevant information to fulfill the needs. Practical implications – The knowledge gained from this study will deepen the understanding of how the reference service is utilised and perceived by library users and offer insights on how to enhance the services to optimise the user experience. Originality/value – This study yields an enriched view of reference service provision in the African context. Its findings will help other academic libraries in Africa successfully plan and implement their own reference evaluation efforts and ultimately encourage more evidence-based library practices in the developing world. © 2015, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Academic libraries; Africa; Evaluation; Ghana; Reference	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84928542223	The economic and pricing impact of authorized generic medicines in South Africa	McGee S.-A.M.	2015	International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing	9	1	10.1108/IJPHM-11-2013-0059	Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, Johannesburg, South Africa	McGee, S.-A.M., Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, Johannesburg, South Africa	Purpose – This paper aims to examine whether authorized generics (AGs) have influenced prices and market shares in markets for molecules facing generic competition in South Africa. AGs (clones), which are identical to the originator brands, offer a solution for originator companies to protect their markets from independent generic (IG) competition. IG competitors have claimed that AGs have a negative impact on pricing and competition. Design/methodology/approach – In a retrospective analysis, pricing and quantity data for 24 months post generic entry were extracted for oral solid dosage form products which experienced generic entry into their markets between 2005 and 2011, divided into “Authorized generic affected” and “no authorized generic” markets. A series of indices was calculated, as well as market shares of competing originator and generic products, and the number of generic competitors determined. Indices and market share data for clone affected and unaffected groups were tested at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months using unmatched t-tests, at a 95 per cent significance level. Findings – None of the evaluated pricing indices showed a consistently significant difference existing between AG-affected and no-AG samples. The only variable for which the two samples consistently differed was market shares, with originator brands experiencing significantly more market share erosion in AG-affected markets. Pricing levels of generics and originator products as well as growth of numbers of generic competitors were similar in both AG-affected and no-AG groups. Originality/value – A study of this nature on the impacts of AGs in the South African generics has not been previously published and reflects the situation particular to the country. © 2015, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Authorized generic; Clone; Generic; Market share; Medicines; Prices	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940561286	The relationship between leadership styles, innovation and organisational performance: A systematic review	Sethibe T., Steyn R.	2015	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	18	3	10.17159/2222-3436/2015/v18n3a3	School for Business Leadership, University of South Africa, South Africa	Sethibe, T., School for Business Leadership, University of South Africa, South Africa; Steyn, R., School for Business Leadership, University of South Africa, South Africa	This paper is an attempt to consolidate the published scientific knowledge about the impact of leadership styles on the relationship between innovation and organisational performance. Concepts, statements and conceptual frameworks were used as structure to analyse the body of scientific knowledge. After consulting 31 major research databases using the systematic literature review methodology, only seven journals articles that examined the link between leadership, innovation and organisational performance were identified. The synthesis of the journal articles revealed (a) that consensus exists among researchers as far as the relevant concepts are concerned; (b) that most agree on the definition of leadership and innovation but that a uniform understanding of what constitutes organisational performance is lacking; and (c) that conceptual models are too simplistic and do not consider mediator variables or multiple financial criteria measures. The findings further reveal that innovation is significantly and positively related to superior organisational performance, and that, although transformational leadership style is significantly and positively related to innovation, transactional leadership style is more appropriate when the aim is to instil a culture of innovation. Transformational leadership style, by contrast, is mostly associated with organisational performance. In addition, the findings further reveal that none of the studies investigate the mediating effect of the nature of innovation (incremental and radical) on the relationship between leadership and organisational performance, and that none of the studies use the objective measures of financial performance such as ROA, ROE, price/earnings (P/E) and Tobin's Q calculated from annual financial reports. © 2015 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved.	Organisational innovation; Organisational performance; References; Systematic review; Transactional leadership; Transformational leadership	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-52049115654	Dual response surface optimization with hard-to-control variables for sustainable gasifier performance	Coetzer R.L.J., Rossouw R.F., Lin D.K.J.	2008	Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C: Applied Statistics	57	5	10.1111/j.1467-9876.2008.00631.x	Sasol Technology Research and Development, Sasolburg, South Africa; Pennsylvania State University, University Park, United States; Reaction Technology and Industrial Statistics, Sasol Technology Research and Development, 1 Klasie Havenga Road, Sasolburg, 1947, South Africa	Coetzer, R.L.J., Sasol Technology Research and Development, Sasolburg, South Africa, Reaction Technology and Industrial Statistics, Sasol Technology Research and Development, 1 Klasie Havenga Road, Sasolburg, 1947, South Africa; Rossouw, R.F., Sasol Technology Research and Development, Sasolburg, South Africa; Lin, D.K.J., Pennsylvania State University, University Park, United States	Dual response surface optimization of the Sasol-Lurgi fixed bed dry bottom gasification process was carried out by performing response surface modelling and robustness studies on the process variables of interest from a specially equipped full-scale test gasifier. Coal particle size distribution and coal composition are considered as hard-to-control variables during normal operation. The paper discusses the application of statistical robustness studies as a method for determining the optimal settings of process variables that might be hard to control during normal operation. Several dual response surface strategies are evaluated for determining the optimal process variable conditions. It is shown that a narrower particle size distribution is optimal for maximizing gasification performance which is robust against the variability in coal composition. © Journal compilation © 2008 Royal Statistical Society.	Desirability functions; Dual response surface; Gasification; Robustness studies	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-15944398699	Assessment of pepper seed performance using desiccation sensitivity	Modi A.T.	2005	Seed Science and Technology	33	1	None	Sch. of Agric. Sci. and Agribusiness, Crop Science Discipline, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa	Modi, A.T., Sch. of Agric. Sci. and Agribusiness, Crop Science Discipline, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa	During priming, seeds are subjected to hydration followed by dehydration and re-hydration is resumed during germination. It is postulated that the ability of seeds to withstand the effects of hydration and dehydration could be used to determine seed quality. Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seeds from different production seasons (1998, 2000 and 2002) were hydroprimed for 2 h and then desiccated for 72 h over saturated salt solutions at 12% RH (20°C), 33% RH (23°C) and 52% RH (23°C). Seed membrane integrity was determined by a comparison of desiccated seeds with non-desiccated seeds, with respect to cation (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+) content of steep water after imbibition. Seed desiccation sensitivity was determined by the total germination of desiccated seeds relative to control seeds that were neither hydrated nor desiccated over saturated salts. Desiccation sensitivity increased with the lowering of desiccation relative humidity. This effect was correlated with an increase in electrolyte leakage and reduction in seed germination, emergence and stand establishment. Fresh seeds were more resistant to desiccation than older seeds. A better correlation between desiccation sensitivity and seed quality compared with seed germination suggested that desiccation sensitivity could be used as a seed vigour test.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77951854168	The impact of a 10-week physical activity intervention programme on selective metabolic syndrome markers in black adolescents	Zeelie A., Moss S.J., Kruger H.S., Van Rooyen J.M.	2009	South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation	31	1	None	School for Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa	Zeelie, A., School for Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa; Moss, S.J., School for Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa; Kruger, H.S., School for Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa; Van Rooyen, J.M., School for Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa	The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a 10-week physical activity (PA) intervention on selective metabolic syndrome markers in black adolescents. All available adolescents (194 subjects), boys and girls, in the grade 9 class (15-19 years) attending a secondary school were recruited for the experimental group. A control group consisting of 57 adolescents from grade 9 of another secondary school in the same area was also recruited. The experimental group participated in a 10-week PA intervention. Body mass index (BMI), fasting insulin, fasting glucose, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), Windkessel arterial compliance (Cw), total peripheral resistance (TPR) and waist circumference were measured. After the 10-week PA intervention, adolescents from the control group had a significantly lower DBP compared to the intervention group (p=0.00005) and adolescents from the intervention group had a significantly lower SBP compared to the control group (p=0.000061). There was also a tendency towards a higher Cw and lower HOMA-IR in the intervention group compared to the control group. The findings of this study suggest that black adolescents had significantly lower SBP and a trend of lower HOMA-IR after a 10-week PA intervention.	Adolescents; Metabolic syndrome; Physical activity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33745936605	The influence of biological maturation on physical and motor performance talent identification determinants of U-14 provincial girl tennis players	Van Den Berg L., Coetzee B., Pienaar A.E.	2006	Journal of Human Movement Studies	50	4	None	School for Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; School for Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa	Van Den Berg, L., School for Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Coetzee, B., School for Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa, School for Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Pienaar, A.E., School for Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa	The aim of this study was to determine the effect of biological maturation on the motor performance and physical talent identification determinants of u-14 provincial, girl tennis players. Twenty five (25) of the top sixteen (16) provincial female players (X̄ = 13.21± 0.72 years) from the Northern Gauteng and the North-West Provinces (South Africa) respectively, participated in the study. A comprehensive battery of 21 physical and motor performance tests was conducted on each subject. Subjects were asked to complete a biological maturation identification questionnaire (BMIQ) on their stage of secondary sexual characteristics development as well as on their age of menarche (Van den Berg et al, 2002). The data was analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and a Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA. The girls could be grouped into early (n = 4), average (n = 11) and late maturing girls (n = 10) according to the feedback from the BMIQ. No statistically significant differences were found in the physical and motor performance talent identification determinants of the different biological maturation groups. However, later maturing girls seemed to have an advantage at a young age in tennis, due to the result that this group attained the highest speed, speed endurance, muscle endurance, agility and cardiovascular endurance values. ©2006 Teviot Scientific Publications.	Growth development; Maturity; Motor performance; Physical components; Talent identification; Tennis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84916213992	Resource utilisation Efficiency: A South African Provincial Evaluation	Van Heerden C., Rossouw R.	2014	South African Journal of Economics	82	4	10.1111/saje.12037	School for Economics, North West University, Potchefstroom, North West, South Africa; School for Economics ZA, 11 Hoffman Street, Potchefstroom, North West, South Africa	Van Heerden, C., School for Economics, North West University, Potchefstroom, North West, South Africa, School for Economics ZA, 11 Hoffman Street, Potchefstroom, North West, South Africa; Rossouw, R., School for Economics, North West University, Potchefstroom, North West, South Africa	The objective of this paper is to analyse the utilisation of production capacity and total under-utilisation in order to identify weak-performing industries across the nine South African provinces. Detecting inefficiencies within the different provinces will help to identify where sound managerial or government intervention is required, which can contribute to the future success of the New Growth Path Framework and the Strategic Integrated Projects. Using a multistage data envelopment analysis model at the subnational level, several categories of production factors are explored: intermediate demand, labour, capital, as well as taxes and subsidies. The results emphasise South Africa's weak infrastructure and the failure to effectively promote stability in managing factor inputs. The results further illustrate that industry scale efficiency for water and electricity are poorest across all provinces, highlighting the current water and energy supply concerns in South Africa and problem areas associated with the National Development Program. © 2014 Economic Society of South Africa.	DEA; Resource utilisation; Scale efficiency; South African provinces	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941281127	The scholarly impact of doctoral research conducted in the field of education in south africa	Wolhuter C.C.	2015	South African Journal of Education	35	3	10.15700/saje.v35n3a1090	School for Education Studies, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa	Wolhuter, C.C., School for Education Studies, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa	The aim of this study is to investigate the scholarly impact of knowledge generated as part of doctoral studies in the field of education in South Africa. The transition rate of the 97 doctoral theses completed in the various fields of education in South Africa in 2008 into peer-reviewed articles and chapters in scholarly books, as well as the citation impact of these theses, were studied. It was found that the transition rates of these theses to journal articles and book chapters were low, as was their citation impact. Eighty three of the 97 theses did not transfer into any kind of publication, 70 out of the 97 made no citation impact, and 65 theses neither transferred to an article/a book chapter, nor did they receive any citation. The low scholarly impact of doctoral research in education in South Africa is related to a number of contextual and field-specific factors, identified in the survey of literature. The main recommendation made is the mapping of fields of education scholarship, making possible the identification of lacuna for research with high impact potential. © 2015, Foundation for Education Science and Technology. All rights reserved.	Citation impact; Doctoral education; Doctoral education in South Africa; Educational research; Educational research in South Africa; Mapping of fields of education scholarship; Quality of doctoral education	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955864499	Performance measurement frameworks in a state controlled research organization: Can the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) be modified?	Sartorius K., Trollip N., Eitzen C.	2010	South African Journal of Business Management	41	2	None	School of Accountancy, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa; Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, South Africa; University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa	Sartorius, K., School of Accountancy, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa; Trollip, N., Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, South Africa; Eitzen, C., University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa	The development of multiple stakeholder performance measurement frameworks (PMF) is a complex process in the public research sector. The objective of the paper was to investigate whether the performance measurement framework (PMF) of a state owned research organization could be adapted to the Balanced Scorecard (BSC). A conceptual framework developed a hybrid form of BSC that could be applied in a research setting before describing a case study setting. A case study, as well as a survey was employed to investigate the research questions. The results suggest that the research sector PMF incorporated the properties the organization's value chain, as well as reflected its strategies and key actions. Furthermore, suitable performance measures had been created for all the organization's stakeholders. Further inductive analysis indicated that the PMF resembled a hybrid form of BSC based on the Moullin (2002) public sector framework. Finally, the results indicated that the PMF motivated its researchers at operations level, however, a survey of opinions suggests there was a significant difference in opinion between different categories of researchers.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84948745070	Assessing the potential impact of the marikana incident on south african mining companies: An event method study	Hill N., Maroun W.	2015	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	18	4	10.17159/2222-3436/2015/v18n4a10	School of Accountancy, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Hill, N., School of Accountancy, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa; Maroun, W., School of Accountancy, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	This study examines the potential impact of industrial unrest and the outbreak of violence at Marikana on 16 August 2012 on the share prices of mining companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) using an event methodology. Contrary to expectations, the Marikana incident does not appear to have had a widespread and prolonged effect on the South African mining sector. This may be the result of the strike action already having been discounted into the price of mining shares, implying that the market was only reacting to the unusually violent (but short-lived) protest. Alternately, the results could be indicative of investor confidence in the corporate social responsibility initiatives of the South African mining industry as a whole. This paper is the first to examine the potential impact of the Marikana incident on the share prices of mining companies listed on the JSE. It should be of interest to both academics and practitioners wanting to understand how share prices react to exogenous events. It is also relevant for corporate-governance researchers concerned with the relevance of social and governance practices in a South African setting. This research is faced with the limitations associated with most statistical research: that causality cannot be ascribed to tested relationships. Notwithstanding these limitations, it is argued that these findings are important, given the significant coverage of the Marikana incident and the ongoing debate on the need for corporate social responsibility. © University of Pretoria. All rights reserved.	Corporate governance; Corporate social responsibility; Event method; Marikana; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84921913115	Investigating the impact of carbon tax on socially responsible corporate governance: The case of south African motor vehicle manufacturers	Pillay S., Buys P.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	12	2	None	School of Accounting, Economics and Finance, University of KwaZulu Natal, South Africa; NWU Business School, Potchefstroom Campus, South Africa	Pillay, S., School of Accounting, Economics and Finance, University of KwaZulu Natal, South Africa; Buys, P., NWU Business School, Potchefstroom Campus, South Africa	Socially responsible corporate governance is an essential aspect of the contemporary corporate environment, and then especially in ensuring continuous sustainable development within a South African context. As such, it also encompasses broad environmentally focused aspects. The motor vehicle manufacturing industry in South Africa was among the first to be faced with the implementation of carbon taxes. This paper explores the policy decision to implement the carbon tax within the context of socially responsible governance in the motor vehicle manufacturing industry. The research methodology applied incorporates both review of supporting literature and an exploratory empirical case study. The research suggests that the industry is cognizant of the importance of environmental damage costs and their responsibility therein, while also indicating that corporate social investment in this industry was non-responsive to the implementation to carbon tax. The results also suggest that the current carbon tax rate may be adequately priced and is an effective instrument in lowering greenhouse gas emissions. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights received.	Carbon tax; Corporate social investment; Corporate social responsibility; Governance; Sustainability reporting; Sustainable development	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84931057849	Managerial ownership and firm performance on selected jse listed firms	Zondi S., Sibanda M.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	12	3CONT2	None	School of Accounting, Economics and Finance, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa	Zondi, S., School of Accounting, Economics and Finance, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa; Sibanda, M., School of Accounting, Economics and Finance, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa	This paper investigates if there is a relationship between managerial ownership and firm performance in selected firms listed on the JSE, and if so, what that relationship is. The study conducts regression analyses over a sample of 23 retail sector firms, observing data stretching from 2010 to 2013. The results are found to be robust. The results suggest that the hypothesis that a positive relationship exists between managerial ownership and performance be rejected as a negative relationship is found. Instead, the results of a two-stage least squares (2SLS) analysis find that managerial ownership does not impact firm performance in any direction. Overall the results of the study do not support the agency theory, as aligning the interests of managers and shareholders does not improve firm performance, at least within the retail sector. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Corporate governance; Endogeneity; Firm performance; Managerial ownership; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900523512	The impact of e-learning on student performance: A case study of an entry-level module at a South African University	Sibanda M., Donnelly S.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	9	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n9p478	School of Accounting, Economics and Finance, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa	Sibanda, M., School of Accounting, Economics and Finance, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa; Donnelly, S., School of Accounting, Economics and Finance, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa	This study seeks to establish the impact of introducing an online learning platform, using an entry-level module, on student performance. Measures of central location and dispersion are used to analyze the secondary data for three consecutive periods of which the most recent is the year in which an online learning platform was introduced. The results show that there were no noticeable changes in the overall pass rate during the year in which the online learning platform was introduced. However, there were improvements in the distribution and dispersion of the marks in that year. When the class is segmented into racial groups, results show that the African students were the most adversely impacted by the introduction of online learning, while the Indian students benefited the most from the implementation of the online learning tool. Furthermore, the fulltime mainstream students realized an improvement in the pass rate compared to full-time evening students. These findings imply that in spite of marginal changes in the student performance it is essential for institutional mechanisms to provide online support to entry-level students in order to realize the full benefits of online learning platforms in universities in developing countries. This may be done through the promotion of student engagement and by introducing some 'stick and carrot' initiatives into e-learning activities.	Entry level; Higher education; Online learning; Success rate	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897417085	Trade reforms, macroeconomic performance and welfare in Malawi	Ngalawa H.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	3	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n3p307	School of Accounting, Economics and Finance, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa	Ngalawa, H., School of Accounting, Economics and Finance, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa	This paper sets out to show efficiency gains and/or losses of trade reforms in Malawi using simulation experiments in a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model. Among others, the study shows that a 50 percent tariff cut coupled with fixed government savings has the same impact on selected macroeconomic variables when capital is mobile as when it is activity specific. When capital is activity-specific, the tariff cut has a positive impact on labour income in the non-agricultural sector and a similar impact on capital income in commercial agriculture. Overall labour income in the agricultural sector is unaffected while the impact on capital income in small scale agriculture and non-agriculture sectors is negative. When capital is mobile, the tariff cut leads to a fall in the capital income in small scale agriculture. The study further shows that doubling foreign aid to Malawi increases consumption and adversely affects the production side of the economy.	Computable general equilibrium; Trade reforms; Welfare	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949749028	The level and stability of institutional ownership and its influence on company performance in South Africa	Scholtz H.E., Engelbrecht W.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	13	1CONT10	None	School of Accounting, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Scholtz, H.E., School of Accounting, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Engelbrecht, W., School of Accounting, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Institutional ownership in companies is an important tool in monitoring and controlling the business interests of the shareholders. This study investigated whether the performance of the Top 100 companies listed on the Johannesburg Securities Exchange is influenced by the level, and stability of institutional ownership. A regression analysis was used to test the relationship between Tobin’s Q and return on assets and the international, domestic and total institutional ownership and the stability of institutional shareholding. It was found that institutional shareholding is an important corporate governance factor to improve firm value. International institutional shareholding has an effect on future firm value, whilst domestic institutional, total institutional shareholding and the stability of total institutional shareholding has an effect on historical firm value. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All right rserved.	Company performance; Domestic institutional shareholding; Foreign institutional shareholding; Institutional ownership; Ownership stability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939457392	The valuation performance of equity-based multiples in South African context	Nel W.S., Bruwer B.W., le Roux N.J.	2013	Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions	3	3	None	School of Accounting, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa; School of Accounting, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa; Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	Nel, W.S., School of Accounting, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa; Bruwer, B.W., School of Accounting, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa; le Roux, N.J., Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa	Despite the popularity of multiples among analysts in practice, the emerging market literature offers little empirical guidance for the use thereof. This paper investigates the relative valuation performance of various value drivers when valuing the equity of South African companies listed on the JSE Securities Exchange for the period 2001-2010. The empirical results revealed, among other findings, that earnings-based value drivers offered the highest degree of valuation accuracy, while cash flow- and sales-based value drivers offered the lowest degree of valuation accuracy. Dividend- and asset-based value drivers offered average results. An interesting phenomenon was that, contrary to popular belief, cash flow-based value drivers only offered marginal improvements in valuation accuracy viz-à-viz sales-based value drivers; and not consistently so. © 2013, Virtus Interpress. All Rights Reserved.	Assets; Cash flow; Dividends; Earnings; Emerging markets; JSE; Multiples; Sales; Value drivers	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77955818938	The possible impact of inflation on nutritionally vulnerable households in a developing country using South Africa as a case study	Schönfeldt H.C., Gibson N., Vermeulen H.	2010	Nutrition Bulletin	35	3	10.1111/j.1467-3010.2010.01837.x	School of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development, University of Pretoria and BFAP, Pretoria, South Africa	Schönfeldt, H.C., School of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Gibson, N., School of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Vermeulen, H., Department of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development, University of Pretoria and BFAP, Pretoria, South Africa	Food is a basic human physiological need that is important for survival, growth, health and general well-being. Without an adequate supply of food, a human being can neither grow or develop optimally, nor utilize energy for sustained livelihood, thereby implying food insecurity. South Africa (SA) is classified as a developing country, with developing countries representing a third of the world's population. Unfortunately, as is often the case in developing countries, limited up-to-date surveys and consumption data are available. In fact, SA has only ever had one National Food Consumption Survey (NFCS) in 1999, in preparation for the introduction of a food fortification programme. However, the available information still sketches the severity of the situation within emergent economies. It is recognised that modern rates of food inflation are a worldwide phenomenon and it is argued that SA as a case study presents a much wider insight than just an individual country. About 35% of the South African population is food insecure and categorized as being poor. With the current continual increase in food prices, especially staple food prices, most households need to employ food coping strategies to survive. Some of these strategies have a significant negative impact on their often already deprived nutritional status. The possible added impact of current inflation on the nutritional status of vulnerable South African households is discussed in this paper. A consequent potential reduction in portion sizes of staple foods consumed because of increased food prices, as well as a snapshot of the cost of a balanced varied diet compared with average household income, are presented in the context of SA's prevailing inadequate nutritional situation. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 British Nutrition Foundation.	Developing country; Household; Inflation; Nutrition; Vulnerable	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880666739	Effect of intra-row spacing and weeding frequency on the yield performance of sesame/cowpea intercrop	Udom G.N., Fagam A.S., Ekwere E.	2006	Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture	18	2	None	School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria	Udom, G.N., School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria; Fagam, A.S., School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria; Ekwere, E., School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria	Field experiments were conducted simultaneously at the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching and Research Farm, Bauchi, and Bauchi State Agricultural Development Programme experimental sites, Bauchi (Lat. 10° 17'N 9° 49' E, and 609m above sea level), in the Northern Guinea savannah ecological zone of Nigeria during the 2002 wet season to study the response of sesame/ cowpea mixture to weeding frequency and intra-row spacings. The treatments were laid out in a randomised complete block design with three replications. The result showed that the number of capsules per plant, 100-seed weight, capsules and grain yield per hectare of sesame were significantly (P<0.05) increased by one weeding frequency only at location I. The parameters were not significantly affected by weeding frequency in location II. The capsules length, number of capsules per plant, capsules and grain yield were significantly (P<0.05) affected by intra-row spacings. The capsules and grain yield of sesame increased significantly (P<0.05) with decreasing intra-row spacing and conversely capsules length and number decreased with decreasing intra-row spacing. The number of pods of cowpea significantly (P<0.05) increased by two weeding frequencies at location I and pod yield per hectare was also increased significantly by twice weeding at location II. All the other parameters such as pod lands, seeds per pod, 100-seed weight and grain yield per hectare were not significantly affected by the treatments. The interaction between the intra-row spacings and weeding frequency were significant in affecting number of seed per capsules and 100-seed weight of sesame at location I, and number of pods and seed per pod of cowpea at location II. Intra-row spacing of 30cm and twice weedings produced the highest number of seed per capsules (68.2) and 20cm intra-row spacings with twice weeding produced the highest 100- seed weight. However, 30cm intra-row spacings with one weeding had highest number of pods (24.3) in cowpea plant and also 30cm intra-row spacing with twice weedings produced the highest seeds per pod in cowpea.	Intra-row spacing; Sesame/cowpea; Weeding; Yield	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960962281	Effect of cropping arrangements and rainfall on the performance of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) in bauchi state, Nigeria	Ahmed B.I., Yusuf S.R., Garba A.A., Mustapha S.	2006	Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture	18	1	None	School of Agriculture, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria	Ahmed, B.I., School of Agriculture, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria; Yusuf, S.R., School of Agriculture, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria; Garba, A.A., School of Agriculture, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria; Mustapha, S., School of Agriculture, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria	Field experiments were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria during the farming seasons of 1997-1999. The objective of the experiments was to establish the effects of cropping arrangements and rainfall on the performance of two varieties of okra plant (Indian long white and short local varieties) in terms of flower and fruit initiation as well as height and yield. Twenty four experimental plots were demarcated and arranged into eight treatment plots. Each treatment was replicated three times and the size of each of the plots was 4.2m x 3.6m. Results of the experiments clearly indicated that when the two varieties were independently grown with cotton, cowpea and groundnut at a ratio of one to one (1:1) per plot, performance of the plant especially in terms of height, flower, fruit initiation and yield was greatly enhanced. It is therefore, recommended that farmers should under rainfall condition practice growing okra particularly the two varieties tested (ILWV & SLV) with other plants such as cotton, cowpea or groundnut in order to increase the growth, development and yield of okra.	Cropping arrangements; Okra; Rainfall and performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-83055188191	Sustainable architecture evaluation method in an African context: Transgressing discipline boundaries with a systems approach	Sanya T.	2012	Sustainability Science	7	1	10.1007/s11625-011-0137-1	School of Architecture Housing and Geomatics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa	Sanya, T., School of Architecture Housing and Geomatics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa	This paper presents a method for poverty-inclusive evaluation of architectural sustainability. Existing evaluation tools largely ignore poverty-an omission that renders them inadequate for use in a developing country context. Methodological challenges arise from the complexity due to inclusion of poverty alongside numerous other sustainability aspects. Moreover, the shared transdisciplinary nature of architecture and sustainability coupled with inherent scale polarities add to the complexity. The evaluation method discussed here adopts concepts from systems theory to develop a framework that addresses the above challenges. It yields credible results in a developing country context with a dearth of research precedents and databases. The method was applied in an empirically based study of the sustainability performance of earth walling techniques in Uganda. The study showed that, from a sustainability viewpoint, wattle-and-daub performs best, followed by adobe, whereas the most popular brick was only better than compressed earth blocks. In their transparency, the evaluation method and results here presented can stand conventional academic scrutiny. But the conclusions point to the need for greater acceptance of transdisciplinary approaches to knowledge conceptualism if the holistic disposition of sustainability, architecture and sustainable architecture is to be accommodated. © 2011 Integrated Research System for Sustainability Science, United Nations University, and Springer.	Architecture; Multi-attribute utility technique; Poverty; Sustainability evaluation; Systems theory	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34248569698	Sport psychological skills and netball performance	Heever Z.V.D., Grobbelaar H.W., Potgieter J.C.	2007	Journal of Human Movement Studies	52	2	None	School of Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa; School of Psychosocial Behavioural Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa; North-West University, Private bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa	Heever, Z.V.D., School of Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Grobbelaar, H.W., School of Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa, North-West University, Private bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa; Potgieter, J.C., School of Psychosocial Behavioural Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa	The purpose of this study was to compare junior netball players, from successful and less successful provincial teams, regarding their sport psychological skill (SPS) levels. One hundred and forty four female South African provincial netball players (19.08 ± 1.68 years) completed three sport psychological questionnaires (CSAI-2, ACSI-28 and PSI). The results show that the successful players obtained better results than their less successful counterparts in 13 of the 19 tested sport psychological variables. Moderate practically significant differences were found between the groups for peaking under pressure (d = 0.44), cognitive state anxiety direction (d = 0.35) and state sell-confidence direction (d = 0.47). A forward stepwise discriminant analysis identified eight of the tested 19 variables as discriminators between the two groups with self-confidence intensity, mental rehearsal and peaking under pressure reported as significant discriminators. The developed prediction functions further proved to be 69.44% effective in classifying the players into their original groups. The important role of physiological conditioning, morphological attributes, technical and tactical abilities etc. should also be taken into account when comparing more and less successful netball players as it plays a major part in the performance outcome of netball teams. The results of this study clearly highlight the important contribution of sport psychological skills to netball performance. ©2007 Teviot Scientific Publications.	Netball; Performance; South Africa; Sport psychological skills	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33745942349	Intensity and direction of anxiety and self-confidence among elite South African crawl stroke swimmers and its relationship to performance	Grobbelaar H.W., Coetzee B.	2006	Journal of Human Movement Studies	50	5	None	School of Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; School of Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa	Grobbelaar, H.W., School of Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa, School of Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Coetzee, B., School of Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa	The purpose of this study was to determine the intensity and direction (i.e., perceived effect) of anxiety and self-confidence among elite South African crawl stroke swimmers as well as its relationship to the performance of this population. Fifteen men (19.0 ± 3.36 years) and 12 women (17.7 ± 2.45 years) finalists of at least one crawl stroke item during the South African Swimming Championships completed the Competitive State Anxiety Questionnaire Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) of Martens et al (1990) with an added Facilitative/Debilitative scale (Jones and Swain, 1992). Low to moderate relationships existed between the three psychological constructs levels and swimming performances. Significant (p<0.05) correlations were observed among the women swimmers for the perceived effect of somatic state anxiety and cognitive state anxiety with performance respectively. Standard multiple regression analyses showed that the performances of women swimmers were more related to their perception of cognitive state anxiety towards performance (-39.85%), while that of men swimmers were more related to their perception of state self-confidence (-9.19%). It should, however, be noted that variables other than the psychological variables included in this study, were also highly related to swimming performances, especially in the case of the men. ©2006 Teviot Scientific Publications.	Cognitive anxiety; CSAI-2; Performance; Self-confidence; Somatic anxiety; Sport psychology; Swimmers	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-69249172393	What should make up a final mark for a course? An investigation into the academic performance of first year bioscience students	Downs C.T.	2006	Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education	31	3	10.1080/02602930500352998	School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa	Downs, C.T., School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa	Performance of individual students in a tertiary level course is usually reflected in a final mark that determines their progress and transfer to higher courses. The contributions of different types of assessment to this final mark vary greatly within and between subjects in and between institutions. Performance of students in a first year course, Bioscience at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg (UKZN) was assessed to determine if there were any patterns emerging in the broad components that contributed to the final mark, namely the coursework, theory and practical examinations. Performance of students was compared in Bioscience 110 for the years 1995-2000 using Repeated Measures ANOVA. Students performed best in coursework. All students performed poorly in the theory examinations. In addition differential performance between students, particularly the performance of sub-gro