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Scopus	2-s2.0-84904304162	Sustainability of the South African livestock sector towards 2050 Part 1: Worth and impact of the sector	Meissner H.H., Scholtz M.M., Palmer A.R.	2013	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	43	3	None	1189 van Riebeeck Avenue, Lyttelton Manor, Centurion 0157, South Africa; ARC-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X2, Irene 0062, South Africa; University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; ARC-Animal Production Institute, PO Box 101, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa	Meissner, H.H., 1189 van Riebeeck Avenue, Lyttelton Manor, Centurion 0157, South Africa; Scholtz, M.M., ARC-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X2, Irene 0062, South Africa, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Palmer, A.R., ARC-Animal Production Institute, PO Box 101, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa	Livestock production in South Africa contributes substantially to food security. It is also a topic of public debate because of lack of knowledge and wrong information. This article aims to provide information on the worth and impact of the livestock sect or information and statistics providing a baseline to guiding sustainability towards 2050. Seventy percent of agricultural land in South Africa can be utilized only by livestock and game and species are found in all provinces with high concentrations in the eastern higher rainfall regions. Statistics in 2010 indicate 13.6 million beef cattle, 1.4 million dairy cattle, 24.6 million sheep, 7.0 million goats, 3 million game species (farmed), 1.1 million pigs, 113 million broilers, 31.8 million layers and 1.6 million ostriches. The gross value of livestock products increased by 185% from 1995/2000 to 2006/2010. In relation to field crops and horticulture, livestock products increased their position from 42% to 47% of gross agricultural value. The main reason was a rise in the value and demand for livestock foods, particularly meat. Livestock foods contribute 27% of the consumer food basket on a weight basis. Consumption of livestock foods resembles that of developing countries with meat consumption being 50 - 90 g/capita/day, milk and dairy products 120 - 130 g /capita/day and eggs 15 - 20 g/capita/day. Since this is the average for the country with consumption by the rich and poor often differing tenfold, consumption of livestock foods by the poor is of concern, given the many health attributes of livestock foods. The livestock sector in South Africa is a major role player in the conservation of biodiversity through a variety of well-adapted indigenous and non-indigenous breeds and rare game species. It has also shown commitment to rangeland/ecosystem conservation through conservative stocking rates, with several studies and observations reporting improvement in the condition of the natural resource. The sector has always been a major employer, but employment rate has declined steadily since 2000 because of increased minimum wages, fewer commercial farmers and increased property size. Some 245 000 employees with 1.45 million dependants, in addition to dependants on communal land and emerging farms, are employed on 38 500 commercial farms and intensive units with wages amounting to R 6 100 million (South African rand). Livestock farming is the backbone of the socio-economy and provides the sustenance of most non-metropolitan towns and rural communities. © Copyright resides with the authors.	Biodiversity; Livestock foods; Livestock numbers; Production; Socio-economic impact	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-65949116588	Evaluating the impact of a Special Library and Information Service	Botha E., Erasmus R., Van Deventer M.	2009	Journal of Librarianship and Information Science	41	2	10.1177/0961000609102833	25 Annettehof Veld Street, Glen Marais 1619, South Africa	Botha, E., 25 Annettehof Veld Street, Glen Marais 1619, South Africa; Erasmus, R., 25 Annettehof Veld Street, Glen Marais 1619, South Africa; Van Deventer, M., 25 Annettehof Veld Street, Glen Marais 1619, South Africa	The mere fact that a library service is being used does not mean that the service makes a difference or has a positive impact on the user. This has significant implications for Special Library and Information Services (SL&IS) that have to constantly prove that they add value. Because of the difficulty of measuring impact effectively, the majority of libraries still appear to measure performance quantitatively (how many books do we have, how many are used etc.) instead of looking at the difference the service actually makes. This paper discusses specifically the impact an information service has on the ability of natural science researchers to perform their research effectively and efficiently. A focus group, short survey and 15 interviews were conducted with researchers that use SL&IS in their research at the South African Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) ĝ€" the largest research Council in Africa. The results showed that researchers felt that Library and Information Services have a positive impact on the research process. The two most important indicators of impact chosen by the researchers were firstly, time saved in information retrieval and delivery and secondly, higher success rate in research. In contrast with Poll's (2005) view, researchers felt that Library and Information Services do not necessarily impact on growing their skills and competencies or their attitude and behaviour as researchers. The relationship between the librarian and the researcher also came to light as very important in the research process. The study also identified further important indicators of impact which will serve as the foundation for a more in-depth research study.	Customer satisfaction; Evaluating impact; Impact on research output; Importance of librarian; Indicators of impact; Library and Information Services; Measurement of performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-76349122758	Performance measurement: Does education impact productivity?	Larbi-Apau J.A., Sarpong D.B.	2010	Performance Improvement Quarterly	22	4	10.1002/piq.20069	384 College of Education, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States; Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, College of Agriculture and Consumer Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana	Larbi-Apau, J.A., 384 College of Education, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States; Sarpong, D.B., Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, College of Agriculture and Consumer Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana	This study investigated the impact of managers' educational levels on productivity in the commercial poultry industry in Ghana. The level of education of 33 production managers of the poultry farms were factored into a Cobb-Douglas production function with other explanatory variables. The computed percentage change in productivity due to higher education relative to secondary education was 10%. The interaction terms of basic education, experience, and extension visits were positive and not statistically significant. Targeting management education could increase productivity in the commercial poultry industry. Educated managers have a higher propensity to adopt technology and alternative production mix for effectiveness and efficiency. This study concludes that higher educational level had a positive impact on productivity in the commercial poultry industry and should be harnessed for improved performance in the domestic and global market. © 2010 International Society for Performance Improvement.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908233859	The impact of infrastructural change and regulation on entrepreneurial competitiveness in the South African telecommunications sector	Oberholzer S.M., Cullen M., Adendorff C.	2014	South African Journal of Business Management	45	3	None	5 Seaforth Road, Vincent, East London, South Africa; Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Business School, Port Elizabeth, South Africa	Oberholzer, S.M., 5 Seaforth Road, Vincent, East London, South Africa; Cullen, M., Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Business School, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Adendorff, C., Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Business School, Port Elizabeth, South Africa	The fast pace of technological advancements is regarded as one of the global drivers of change. In the telecommunications sector in South Africa, these technological advancements as well as sector transformation pose competitiveness challenges to entrepreneurs. This paper reports an empirical study performed to contribute to the promotion of entrepreneurial competitiveness within the telecommunications sector of the South African economy. From the empirical study, significant relationships proved to exist between the intervening- and independent variables and the dependent variable of this study, namely Perceived Entrepreneurial Competitiveness. The independent variable Infrastructural Change positively influenced both the intervening variable Entrepreneurial Orientation and dependent variable Perceived Entrepreneurial Competitiveness. In the same manner, the independent variables of Regulatory Alignment and Entrepreneurial Mindset did positively influenced Perceived Entrepreneurial Competitiveness within this study. The study found that entrepreneurs can position their businesses more competitively if the factors that impact directly or indirectly on Entrepreneurial Competitiveness in the South African Telecommunications sector are taken in consideration.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960494871	Measuring the influence of a journal using impact and diffusion factors	Sanni S.A., Zainab A.N.	2011	Malaysian Journal of Library and Information Science	16	2	None	54, Lekan Salami Complex, Ibadan, Nigeria; Digital Library Research Group, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia	Sanni, S.A., 54, Lekan Salami Complex, Ibadan, Nigeria; Zainab, A.N., Digital Library Research Group, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia	Presents the result of the calculated ISI equivalent Impact Factor, Relative Diffusion Factor (RDF), and Journal Diffusion Factor (JDF) for articles published in the Medical Journal of Malaysia (MJM) between the years 2004 and 2008 in both their synchronous and diachronous versions. The publication data are collected from MyAis (Malaysian Abstracting & Indexing system) while the citation data are collected from Google Scholar. The values of the synchronous JDF ranges from 0.057 - 0.14 while the diachronous JDF ranges from 0.46 - 1.98. The high diachronous JDF is explained by a relatively high number of different citing journals against the number of publications. This implies that the results of diachronous JDF is influenced by the numbers of publications and a good comparison may be one of which the subject of analysis have similar number of publications and citations period. The yearly values of the synchronous RDF vary in the range of 0.66 - 1.00 while diachronous RDF ranges from 0.62 - 0.88. The result shows that diachronous RDF is negatively correlated with the number of citations, resulting in a low RDF value for highly cited publication years. What this implies in practice is that the diffusion factors can be calculated for every additional year at any journal level of analysis. This study demonstrates that these indicators are valuable tools that help to show development of journals as it changes through time.	Bibliometrics; Journal diffusion factor; Journal evaluation measures; Journal impact factor; Quality and influence assessment of journals	None	None
WoS	WOS:000282735100003	Impact of ALSO training on the management of prolonged labor and neonatal care at Kagera Regional Hospital, Tanzania	Elsass, Peter,Massawe, Siriel,Nielsen, Birgitte Bruun,Nyakina, Juma,Rasch, Vibeke,Sorensen, Bjarke Lund	2010	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS	111	1	10.1016/j.ijgo.2010.04.031	Aarhus University, University of Copenhagen, Kagera Reg Hosp, Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Odense Univ Hosp	"Elsass, Peter: University of Copenhagen","Nielsen, Birgitte Bruun: Aarhus University","Sorensen, Bjarke Lund: University of Copenhagen",	Objective: To evaluate the management of prolonged labor and neonatal care before and after Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics (ALSO) training. Methods: Staff involved in childbirth at Kagera Regional Hospital, Tanzania, attended a 2-day ALSO provider course. In this prospective intervention study conducted between July and November 2008, the management and outcomes of 558 deliveries before and 550 after the training were observed. Results: There was no significant difference in the rate of cesarean deliveries owing to prolonged labor, and vacuum delivery was not practiced after the intervention. During prolonged labor, action was delayed for more than 3 hours in half of the cases. The stillbirth rate. Apgar scores, and frequency of neonatal resuscitation did not change significantly. After the intervention, there was a significant increase in newborns given to their mothers within 10 minutes, from 5.6% to 71.5% (RR 12.71; 95% CI, 9.04-17.88). There was a significant decrease from 6 to 0 neonatal deaths before discharge among those born with an Apgar score after 1 minute of 4 or more (P=0.03). Conclusion: ALSO training had no effect on the management of prolonged labor. Early contact between newborn and mother was more frequently practiced after ALSO training and the immediate neonatal mortality decreased. (C) 2010 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.	"Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics (ALSO)","clinical skills training","emergency obstetric and neonatal care","MATERNAL MORTALITY","NEONATAL CARE","PROLONGED LABOR",Tanzania,MORTALITY	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84891641090	Reproductive performance of Abergelle goats and growth rate of their crosses with Boer goats	Belay S., Gebru G., Godifey G., Brhane M., Zenebe M., Hagos H., Teame T.	2014	Livestock Research for Rural Development	26	1	None	Abergelle Agricultural Research Centre, PO Box 492, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Mekelle Agricultural Research Centre, Tigray, Ethiopia	Belay, S., Abergelle Agricultural Research Centre, PO Box 492, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Gebru, G., Abergelle Agricultural Research Centre, PO Box 492, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Godifey, G., Mekelle Agricultural Research Centre, Tigray, Ethiopia; Brhane, M., Abergelle Agricultural Research Centre, PO Box 492, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Zenebe, M., Abergelle Agricultural Research Centre, PO Box 492, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Hagos, H., Abergelle Agricultural Research Centre, PO Box 492, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Teame, T., Abergelle Agricultural Research Centre, PO Box 492, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia	This study was undertaken to evaluate the pre and post weaning growth of F1 crossbred Boer-Abergelle goat kids, and reproductive performance of pure Abergelle under a semi-intensive management system. The study was implemented in Abergelle Agricultural Research Centre goat farm in northern Ethiopia. Three independent variables: namely birth type, sex and parity number and seven dependent variables: body weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), six-month weight (SMW), yearling weight (YW) and weight gains to weaning, six months and one year were analyzed. A total of 166 F1 kids of which 90 were from the first parity, 53 from the second and 23 from the third parity were used to evaluate the growth rate of the crossbred kids. Yearling weights of the crossbred kids were higher for males than for females. The highest values for WWG, SMWG and YWG were observed in the first parity. Average kidding interval of the Abergelle goats was 11.3 months with a minimum and maximum of 9 and 17 months, respectively. Prolificacy rates were 1.06, 1.11 and 1.07 in 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively. Generally, Boer-Abergelle F1 kids had high growth rates (range 73 to 113 g/day) and had low mortality, especially pre-weaning. Purebred Abergelle goats had long kidding interval and most had single births.	Crossbreeding; Growth; Mortality; Reproductive performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84881247342	An exploration of the impact of students' prior genre knowledge on their constructions of 'audience' in a Marketing course at postgraduate level	Bangeni B.	2013	English for Specific Purposes	32	4	10.1016/j.esp.2013.05.001	Academic Development Programme, University of Cape Town, Hoerikwaggo Building, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa	Bangeni, B., Academic Development Programme, University of Cape Town, Hoerikwaggo Building, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa	This article explores the development of audience awareness for two English additional language (EAL) graduate students making the transition from undergraduate Social Science disciplines into the professional discipline of Marketing at a South African university. The article examines the ways in which their conceptualisations of 'audience' shape their negotiation of the generic move structure informing a dominant genre within the discipline: the written case analysis. I argue that the students' struggle with realising the communicative purposes of the genre in their analyses has implications for how they engage with disciplinary theory within crucial moves. Data yielded by semi-structured interviews, reflection papers, as well as selected case analyses written by the students in the initial months of their postgraduate year illustrate how this struggle can be traced to a mismatch between their embodied understandings of the concept of 'audience' which are transported from undergraduate learning contexts, and 'audience' as prescribed by the communicative purpose of the written case analysis within a professional discipline. In making this argument, the article examines the ways in which an antecedent genre, the Social Science argumentative essay, contributes to this mismatch. The article concludes by outlining the pedagogical implications of the findings from an ESP perspective. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.	Antecedent genre; Audience awareness; Disciplinarity; Prior genre knowledge; Transition; Written case analysis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70249108871	Performance evaluation of the INNOPAC library system in Southern Africa: Perspectives from systems librarians	Taole Dr. N.	2009	Information Development	25	3	10.1177/0266666909340830	Academy of Science of South Africa, PO Box 72135, Lynwood Ridge 0040, Pretoria, South Africa	Taole Dr., N., Academy of Science of South Africa, PO Box 72135, Lynwood Ridge 0040, Pretoria, South Africa	There is a growing interest in the INNOPAC library automation system, which has been implemented by several libraries in the Southern African region over the past 10 years. The majority of these libraries have installed this library system through consortia membership, and others have done it individually. This article evaluates the performance of the INNOPAC library system in five libraries in the Southern African region using the performance criteria of Functionality, Usability, Support and Training, and Vendor. The article identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the system, and makes recommendations for implementation in other similar libraries in the region. It also outlines a proposal for an INNOPAC-based consortium for the Southern African region. Copyright © 2009 SAGE Publications.	INNOPAC library system; Library automation systems; Performance evaluation; Southern Africa	None	None
None	None	Performance of the ALICE VZERO system	Abbas E., Abelev B., Adam J., Adamová D., Adare A.M., Aggarwal M.M., Aglieri Rinella G., Agnello M., Agocs A.G., Agostinelli A., Ahammed Z., Ahmad N., Ahmad Masoodi A., Ahmed I., Ahn S.A., Ahn S.U., Aimo I., Ajaz M., Akindinov A., Aleksandrov D., Alessand	2013	Journal of Instrumentation	8	10	10.1088/1748-0221/8/10/P10016	Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT), Cairo, Egypt; A. I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation, Yerevan, Armenia; Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico; Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kiev, Ukraine; Bose Institute, Department of Physics, Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolkata, India; Budker Institute for Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation; California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, United States; Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China; Centre de Calcul de lIN2P3, Villeurbanne, France; Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Havana, Cuba; Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico; Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Rome, Italy; Chicago State University, Chicago, United States; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, IRFU, Saclay, France; COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, Pakistan; Departamento de Fisica de Particulas, IGFAE, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India; Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Università La Sapienza and Sezione INFN, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica E.R. Caianiello, Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Gruppo Collegato INFN, Alessandria, Italy; Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Division of Experimental High Energy Physics, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden; European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Fachhochschule Köln, Köln, Germany; Faculty of Engineering, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway; Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia; Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia; Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea; Gauhati University, Department of Physics, Guwahati, India; Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland; Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India; Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, (IITI), India; Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France; Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russian Federation; Institute for Nuclear Research, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation; Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russian Federation; Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, KoŠice, Slovakia; Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, India; Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Space Sciences (ISS), Bucharest, Romania; Institut für Informatik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany; Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany; Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS-IN2P3, Strasbourg, France; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russian Federation; Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, South Korea; KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey; Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier, Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France; Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, Frascati, Italy; Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, INFN, Legnaro, Italy; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States; Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation; National Centre for Nuclear Studies, Warsaw, Poland; National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania; National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar, India; Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Nuclear Physics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Řež u Prahy, Czech Republic; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States; Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russian Federation; Physics Department, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States; Physics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India; Physics Department, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Physics Department, University of Cape Town, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa; Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India; Physics Department, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India; Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy; Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States; Pusan National University, Pusan, South Korea; Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Rudjer BoŠković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia; Russian Federal Nuclear Center (VNIIEF), Sarov, Russian Federation; Russian Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation; Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India; School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Sección Fisica, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perü, Lima, Peru; Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy; Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy; Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy; Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy; Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Sezione INFN, Rome, Italy; Nuclear Physics Group, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, United Kingdom; SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand; Technical University of Split FESB, Split, Croatia; Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland; University of Texas at Austin, Physics Department, Austin, TX, United States; Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Mexico; Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, IPN-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France; University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States; University of Technology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria; University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States; University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, India; Vestfold University College, Tonsberg, Norway; V. Fock Institute for Physics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey; Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea; Zentrum für Technologietransfer und Telekommunikation (ZTT), Fachhochschule Worms, Worms, Germany; M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, D.V.Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow, Russian Federation; University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia; Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland	Abbas, E., Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT), Cairo, Egypt; Abelev, B., Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States; Adam, J., Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; Adamová, D., Nuclear Physics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Řež u Prahy, Czech Republic; Adare, A.M., Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Aggarwal, M.M., Physics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India; Aglieri Rinella, G., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland, Fachhochschule Köln, Köln, Germany; Agnello, M., Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy, Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Agocs, A.G., Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Agostinelli, A., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Ahammed, Z., Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, India; Ahmad, N., Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India; Ahmad Masoodi, A., Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India; Ahmed, I., COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, Pakistan; Ahn, S.A., Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, South Korea; Ahn, S.U., Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, South Korea; Aimo, I., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy, Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Ajaz, M., COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, Pakistan; Akindinov, A., Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russian Federation; Aleksandrov, D., Russian Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation; Alessandro, B., Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Alexandre, D., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Alfaro Molina, R., Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; Alici, A., Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Rome, Italy, Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Alkin, A., Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kiev, Ukraine; Almaráz Aviña, E., Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; Alme, J., Faculty of Engineering, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway; Alt, T., Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Altini, V., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Altinpinar, S., Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Altsybeev, I., V. Fock Institute for Physics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; Andrei, C., National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania; Andronic, A., Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Anguelov, V., Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Anielski, J., Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany; Anson, C., Department of Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; Antičic, T., Rudjer BoŠković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia; Antinori, F., Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy; Antonioli, P., Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Aphecetche, L., SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Appelshauser, H., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Arbor, N., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier, Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France; Arcelli, S., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Arend, A., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Armesto, N., Departamento de Fisica de Particulas, IGFAE, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Arnaldi, R., Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Aronsson, T., Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Arsene, I.C., Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Arslandok, M., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Asryan, A., V. Fock Institute for Physics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; Augustinus, A., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Averbeck, R., Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Awes, T.C., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States; Äystö, J., Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland; Azmi, M.D., Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India, Physics Department, University of Cape Town, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa; Bach, M., Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Badalà, A., Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy; Baek, Y.W., Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea, Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Bailhache, R., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Bala, R., Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India, Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Baldisseri, A., Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, IRFU, Saclay, France; Baltasar Dos Santos Pedrosa, F., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Bán, J., Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, KoŠice, Slovakia; Baral, R.C., Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, India; Barbera, R., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy; Barile, F., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Barnaföldi, G.G., Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Barnby, L.S., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Barret, V., Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Bartke, J., Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland; Basile, M., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Bastid, N., Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Basu, S., Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, India; Bathen, B., Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany; Batigne, G., SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Batyunya, B., Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russian Federation; Batzing, P.C., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Baumann, C., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Bearden, I.G., Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Beck, H., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Behera, N.K., Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India; Belikov, I., Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS-IN2P3, Strasbourg, France; Bellini, F., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Bellwied, R., University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States; Belmont-Moreno, E., Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; Bencedi, G., Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Beole, S., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Berceanu, I., National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania; Bercuci, A., National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania; Berdnikov, Y., Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russian Federation; Berenyi, D., Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Bergognon, A.A.E., SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Bertens, R.A., Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Berzano, D., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy, Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Betev, L., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Bhasin, A., Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India; Bhati, A.K., Physics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India; Bhom, J., University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; Bianchi, L., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Bianchi, N., Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, Frascati, Italy; Bianchin, C., Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Bielčík, J., Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; Bielčíková, J., Nuclear Physics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Řež u Prahy, Czech Republic; Bilandzic, A., Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Bjelogrlic, S., Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Blanco, F., Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain; Blanco, F., University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States; Blau, D., Russian Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation; Blume, C., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Boccioli, M., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Böttger, S., Institut für Informatik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Bogdanov, A., Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation; Bøggild, H., Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Bogolyubsky, M., Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russian Federation; Boldizsár, L., Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Bombara, M., Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia; Book, J., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Borel, H., Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, IRFU, Saclay, France; Borissov, A., Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Bossu, F., Physics Department, University of Cape Town, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa; Botje, M., Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Botta, E., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Braidot, E., Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States; Braun-Munzinger, P., Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Bregant, M., SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Breitner, T., Institut für Informatik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Broker, T.A., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Browning, T.A., Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States; Broz, M., Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia; Brun, R., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Bruna, E., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy, Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Bruno, G.E., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Budnikov, D., Russian Federal Nuclear Center (VNIIEF), Sarov, Russian Federation; Buesching, H., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Bufalino, S., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy, Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Buncic, P., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Busch, O., Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Buthelezi, Z., Physics Department, University of Cape Town, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa; Caffarri, D., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy, Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy; Cai, X., Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China; Caines, H., Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Calvo Villar, E., Sección Fisica, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perü, Lima, Peru; Camerini, P., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy; Canoa Roman, V., Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico; Cara Romeo, G., Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Carena, W., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Carena, F., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Carlin Filho, N., Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil; Carminati, F., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Casanova Díaz, A., Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, Frascati, Italy; Castillo Castellanos, J., Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, IRFU, Saclay, France; Castillo Hernandez, J.F., Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Casula, E.A.R., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy; Catanescu, V., National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania; Cavicchioli, C., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Ceballos Sanchez, C., Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Havana, Cuba; Cepila, J., Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; Cerello, P., Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Chang, B., Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland, Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Chapeland, S., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Charvet, J.L., Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, IRFU, Saclay, France; Chattopadhyay, S., Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, India; Chattopadhyay, S., Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India; Cherney, M., Physics Department, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States; Cheshkov, C., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, IPN-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France; Cheynis, B., Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, IPN-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France; Chibante Barroso, V., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Chinellato, D.D., University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States; Chochula, P., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Chojnacki, M., Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Choudhury, S., Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, India; Christakoglou, P., Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Christensen, C.H., Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Christiansen, P., Division of Experimental High Energy Physics, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden; Chujo, T., University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; Chung, S.U., Pusan National University, Pusan, South Korea; Cicalo, C., Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy; Cifarelli, L., Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Cindolo, F., Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Cleymans, J., Physics Department, University of Cape Town, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa; Colamaria, F., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Colella, D., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Collu, A., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy; Conesa Balbastre, G., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier, Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France; Conesa Del Valle, Z., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France; Connors, M.E., Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Contin, G., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy; Contreras, J.G., Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico; Cormier, T.M., Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Corrales Morales, Y., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Cortese, P., Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Gruppo Collegato INFN, Alessandria, Italy; Cortés Maldonado, I., Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico; Cosentino, M.R., Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States; Costa, F., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Cotallo, M.E., Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain; Crescio, E., Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico; Crochet, P., Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Cruz Alaniz, E., Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; Cruz Albino, R., Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico; Cuautle, E., Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; Cunqueiro, L., Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, Frascati, Italy; Dainese, A., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy, Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy; Dang, R., Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China; Danu, A., Institute of Space Sciences (ISS), Bucharest, Romania; Das, K., Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India; Das, I., Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France; Das, S., Bose Institute, Department of Physics, Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolkata, India; Das, D., Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India; Dash, S., Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India; Dash, A., Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; De, S., Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, India; De Barros, G.O.V., Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil; De Caro, A., Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Fisica E.R. Caianiello, Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy; De Cataldo, G., Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; De Cuveland, J., Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; De Falco, A., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy; De Gruttola, D., Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Fisica E.R. Caianiello, Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy; Delagrange, H., SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Deloff, A., National Centre for Nuclear Studies, Warsaw, Poland; De Marco, N., Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Dénes, E., Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; De Pasquale, S., Dipartimento di Fisica E.R. Caianiello, Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy; Deppman, A., Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil; D Erasmo, G., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; De Rooij, R., Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Diaz Corchero, M.A., Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain; Di Bari, D., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Dietel, T., Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany; Di Giglio, C., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Di Liberto, S., Sezione INFN, Rome, Italy; Di Mauro, A., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Di Nezza, P., Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, Frascati, Italy; Divià, R., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Djuvsland, Ø., Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Dobrin, A., Division of Experimental High Energy Physics, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden, Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Dobrowolski, T., National Centre for Nuclear Studies, Warsaw, Poland; Dönigus, B., Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany, Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Dordic, O., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Dubey, A.K., Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, India; Dubla, A., Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Ducroux, L., Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, IPN-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France; Dupieux, P., Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Dutta Majumdar, A.K., Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India; Elia, D., Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Emschermann, D., Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany; Engel, H., Institut für Informatik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Erazmus, B., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland, SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Erdal, H.A., Faculty of Engineering, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway; Eschweiler, D., Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Espagnon, B., Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France; Estienne, M., SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Esumi, S., University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; Evans, D., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Evdokimov, S., Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russian Federation; Eyyubova, G., Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Fabris, D., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy, Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy; Faivre, J., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier, Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France; Falchieri, D., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Fantoni, A., Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, Frascati, Italy; Fasel, M., Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Fehlker, D., Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Feldkamp, L., Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany; Felea, D., Institute of Space Sciences (ISS), Bucharest, Romania; Feliciello, A., Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Fenton-Olsen, B., Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States; Feofilov, G., V. Fock Institute for Physics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; Fernández Téllez, A., Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico; Ferretti, A., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Festanti, A., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy; Figiel, J., Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland; Figueredo, M.A.S., Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil; Filchagin, S., Russian Federal Nuclear Center (VNIIEF), Sarov, Russian Federation; Finogeev, D., Institute for Nuclear Research, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation; Fionda, F.M., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Fiore, E.M., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Floratos, E., Physics Department, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Floris, M., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Foertsch, S., Physics Department, University of Cape Town, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa; Foka, P., Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Fokin, S., Russian Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation; Fragiacomo, E., Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy; Francescon, A., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy, European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Frankenfeld, U., Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Fuchs, U., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Furget, C., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier, Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France; Fusco Girard, M., Dipartimento di Fisica E.R. Caianiello, Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy; Gaardhøje, J.J., Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Gagliardi, M., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Gago, A., Sección Fisica, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perü, Lima, Peru; Gallio, M., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy; Gangadharan, D.R., Department of Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; Ganoti, P., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States; Garabatos, C., Research Division, ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Garcia-Solis, E., Chicago State University, Chicago, United States; Gargiulo, C., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Garishvili, I., Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States; Gerhard, J., Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Germain, M., SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Geuna, C., Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, IRFU, Saclay, France; Gheata, M., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland, Institute of Space Sciences (ISS), Bucharest, Romania; Gheata, A., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Ghidini, B., Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy; Ghosh, P., Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, India; Gianotti, P., Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, Frascati, Italy; Giubellino, P., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Gladysz-Dziadus, E., Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland; Glassel, P., Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Gomez, R., Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Mexico; Ferreiro, E.G., Departamento de Fisica de Particulas, IGFAE, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; González-Trueba, L.H., Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; González-Zamora, P., Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain; Gorbunov, S., Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Goswami, A., Physics Department, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India; Gotovac, S., Technical University of Split FESB, Split, Croatia; Grabski, V., Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; Graczykowski, L.K., Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland; Grajcarek, R., Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Grelli, A., Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Grigoras, C., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Grigoras, A., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Grigoriev, V., Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation; Grigoryan, A., A. I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation, Yerevan, Armenia; Grigoryan, S., Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russian Federation; Grinyov, B., Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kiev, Ukraine; Grion, N., Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy; Gros, P., Division of Experimental High Energy Physics, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden; Grosse-Oetringhaus, J.F., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Grossiord, J.-Y., Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, IPN-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France; Grosso, R., European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; Guber, F., Institute for Nuclear Research, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation; Guernane, R., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier, Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France; Guerzoni, B., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy; Guilbaud, M., Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, IPN-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France; Gulbrandsen, K., Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Gulkanyan, H., A. I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation, Yerevan, Armenia; Gunji, T., University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Gupta, A., Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India; Gupta, R., Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India; Haake, R., Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany; Haaland, Ø., Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Hadjidakis, C., Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France; Haiduc, M., Institute of Space Sciences (ISS), Bucharest, Romania; Hamagaki, H., University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Hamar, G., Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Han, B.H., Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea; Hanratty, L.D., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Hansen, A., Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Harmanová-Tothová, Z., Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik	None	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70349634151	The challenge of integrating sustainability into talent and organization strategies: Investing in the knowledge, skills and attitudes to achieve high performance	Arnott J., Lacy P., Lowitt E.	2009	Corporate Governance	9	4	10.1108/14720700910985025	Accenture, Kelvin, South Africa; Accenture, London, United Kingdom; Accenture, Boston, MA, United States	Arnott, J., Accenture, Kelvin, South Africa; Lacy, P., Accenture, London, United Kingdom; Lowitt, E., Accenture, Boston, MA, United States	Purpose - This paper aims to address the importance of a framework for developing employees' sustainability knowledge, skills, and behaviors. Design/methodology/approach - The paper draws on in-depth interviews with executives from five Fortune 1000 companies that are viewed as market leaders in addressing sustainability. Findings - This paper provides a series of initiatives to equip their employees' talent - from top executives to employees throughout the organization - with the much needed, but often sorely lacking knowledge, skills and attitudes to spearhead efforts to attend to sustainability both today and tomorrow. Practical implications - The usefulness of demonstrating a company's suite of ongoing initiatives to address sustainability to potential employees during the recruiting process is highlighted by each company. Originality/value - The framework covered by this paper can help companies enhance their talent management skills. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Employees; Leadership development; Management development	None	None
WoS	WOS:000272445000006	The Developmental Impact of Asian Drivers on Ethiopia with Emphasis on Small-scale Footwear Producers	Gebre-Egziabher, Tegegne	2009	WORLD ECONOMY	32	11	10.1111/j.1467-9701.2009.01252.x	Addis Ababa University	None	(1252) Tegegne Gebre-Egziabher This paper examines the developmental impact of China and India on Ethiopia by examining macro-level trade, investment and aid relation, and micro-level impacts on local micro and small-scale footwear producers. Both secondary and primary data were used. At macro level there are clear evidences of an increase in trade between Ethiopia on the one hand and China and India on the other, though the trade balance disfavours Ethiopia. China has displaced other countries as export destinations for Ethiopia. Similarly, the presence of China and India is also felt in the areas of investment and aid. At local level, Chinese imports of footwear have forced local enterprises to downsize their activity and lose assets and money. At the same time, however, firms have followed both the high road of competition (design and quality improvement, investment in machinery, product specialisation) and the low road of competition (lowering price and profit, reducing raw materials and inputs, and joining the informal sector) to withstand the impact of Chinese imports. The long-term effect of Chinese imports is to crowd out local efforts of using the sector as the basis for industrialisation. Government, non-government organisations and local producers should work together in order to withstand the negative impacts of footwear imports by raising the competitiveness of the local producers.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000292102000011	How has Government policy post-Global Strategy for Plant Conservation impacted on science? The Ethiopian perspective	Demissew, Sebsebe	2011	BOTANICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY	166	3	10.1111/j.1095-8339.2011.01154.x	Addis Ababa University	None	In this paper, existing relevant Ethiopian government biodiversity-related policies and strategies, and mandates of various institutions prior to GSPC targets, are reviewed. Response to whether or not institutions responded to GSPC targets as the result of new policies or rebranded their work to fit within the context of existing policies and adjust their outcomes to fit into the GSPC targets is provided. The Ethiopian national report of 2009 submitted to the Convention of Biological Diversity Secretariat is reviewed and gaps analysed. The policies of the Federal government (and implementing institutions) post-GSPC so far have had only a limited impact on science, but research institutions have aligned their outputs to fit with the GSPC targets. Suggestions, conclusions and recommendations are made in order to work effectively towards the realization of the GSPC targets beyond 2010 in Ethiopia. (C) 2011 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 166, 310-325.	ETHIOPIA,"government biodiversity policies","GSPC targets"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000301996000017	Impact of perinatal somatic and common mental disorder symptoms on functioning in Ethiopian women: The P-MaMiE population-based cohort study	Alem, Atalay,Araya, Mesfin,Dewey, Michael,Hanlon, Charlotte,Medhin, Girmay,Prince, Martin,Senturk, Vesile,Stewart, Robert	2012	JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS	136	3	10.1016/j.jad.2011.11.028	Addis Ababa University, Ankara University, Kings College London, University of London	"Alem, Atalay: Addis Ababa University","Araya, Mesfin: Addis Ababa University","Dewey, Michael: Kings College London","Dewey, Michael: University of London","Medhin, Girmay: Addis Ababa University","Prince, Martin: Kings College London","Prince, Martin: University of London","Stewart, Robert: Kings College London","Stewart, Robert: University of London",	Background: Little is known of the relationship between perinatal somatic and common mental disorder (CMD) symptoms and impaired functioning in women from settings where the burden of undernutrition and infectious disease morbidity is high. Methods: A population-based sample of 1065 women from Butajira, Ethiopia, was recruited in pregnancy (86.4% of those eligible) and reassessed two months postnatal (954 with singleton, live infants). At both time-points, women were administered a modified version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (locally-validated) to assess somatic and CMD symptoms, respectively. Negative binomial regression was used to investigate associations of CMD and somatic symptoms with functional impairment (World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Scale, version-II), after adjusting for maternal anthropometric measures, physical ill-health and sociodemographic factors. Results: In pregnancy, somatic and CMD symptoms were independently associated with worse maternal functional impairment after adjustment for confounders (WHODAS-II score multiplied by 1.09 (95%CI 1.06, 1.13) and 1.11 (95%CI 1.08, 1.14) respectively for each additional symptom). In the postnatal period, the size of association between somatic symptoms and functional impairment was diminished, but the association with CMD symptoms was virtually unchanged (multiplier value 1.04 (95%CI 1.00, 1.09) and 1.11 (95%CI 1.07, 1.16) respectively). Limitations: Use of largely self-report measures. Conclusions: Somatic and CMD symptoms were independently associated with functional impairment in both pregnancy and the postnatal period, with CMD symptoms showing a stronger and more consistent association. This emphasises the public health relevance of both CMD and somatic symptoms in the perinatal period. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.	DEPRESSION,DISABILITY,POSTNATAL,PREGNANCY,"SOMATIC SYMPTOMS","SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA",CHILDBIRTH,COMPLAINTS,"GENERAL HEALTH QUESTIONNAIRE",GOA,INDIA,"MATERNAL DEPRESSION",POSTNATAL-DEPRESSION-SCALE,POSTPARTUM,RISK-FACTORS,VALIDATION	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84891818187	Major causes of organ condemnation for cattle and its financial impact at Wolaita Soddo municipality abattoir, southern Ethiopia	Abunna F., Hordofa D.	2013	Global Veterinaria	11	6	10.5829/idosi.gv.2013.11.6.8142	Addis Ababa University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Departement of Clinical Studies, P.O. Box, 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia; Hawassa University, School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box, 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia	Abunna, F., Addis Ababa University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Departement of Clinical Studies, P.O. Box, 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia; Hordofa, D., Hawassa University, School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box, 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia	Abattoirs provide information on the epidemiology of the diseases in livestock, in order to know the extent of the exposure of the public to certain zoonotic diseases and to estimate the financial losses incurred through condemnation of affected organs. Tracing the records of the slaughter houses from November 2010 to February 2011 was done at Wolaita Soddo Municipal abattoir to determine the causes of organ condemnation and associated financial loss. Out of 953 cattle examined 378 (39.68%) livers, 244 (25.61%) lungs, 39 (4.09%) hearts, 30 (3.15%) kidneys and 14 (1.47%) spleens were condemned. The major causes of condemnation were fasciolosis (61.1%) and hydatidosis (12.17%) for liver; hydatid diseases (62.3%) and emphysema (8.61%) for lungs; unknown causes (33.33%), pericarditis (23.08%) and hydatid cyst (23.08%) for heart; unknown causes (26.67%) and calcification (23.33%) for kidneys and hydatidosis (64.29%) for spleen. Rate of condemnations due to parasitic causes was higher in the liver (29.07%) than in the lungs (15.95%). Parasitic diseases particularly fasciolosis and hydatidosis were the major causes of economic loss through condemnation of affected organs. The total annual economic loss incurred due to organs condemnation at the study area was estimated to be 24,340 ETB (24323.49 USD). The current result suggests that a thorough investigation that leads to disease control strategy is required to reduce the economic and public health consequences. © IDOSI Publications, 2013.	Abattoir; Cattle; Ethiopia; Organ condemnation; Wolaita soddo	None	None
WoS	WOS:000269490000010	The Impact of Agricultural Extension and Roads on Poverty and Consumption Growth in Fifteen Ethiopian Villages	Dercon, Stefan,Gilligan, Daniel O.,Hoddinott, John,Woldehanna, Tassew	2009	AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS	91	4	10.1111/j.1467-8276.2009.01325.x	Addis Ababa University, International Food Policy Research Institute, University of Oxford	"Dercon, Stefan: University of Oxford","Hoddinott, John: International Food Policy Research Institute","Woldehanna, Tassew: Addis Ababa University"	This article investigates whether public investments that led to improvements in road quality and increased access to agricultural extension services led to faster consumption growth and lower rates of poverty in rural Ethiopia. Estimating an Instrumental Variables model using Generalized Methods of Moments and controlling for household fixed effects, we find evidence of positive impacts with meaningful magnitudes. Receiving at least one extension visit reduces headcount poverty by 9.8 percentage points and increases consumption growth by 7.1 percentage points. Access to all-weather roads reduces poverty by 6.9 percentage points and increases consumption growth by 16.3 percentage points. These results are robust to changes in model specification and estimation methods.	ETHIOPIA,EXTENSION,GROWTH,POVERTY,ROADS,PROGRAMS,"RURAL ETHIOPIA",SHOCKS	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84887043992	Reproductive performance of dairy cows under artificial insemination in south and northwest part of Ethiopia	Ali T., Lemma A., Yilma T.	2013	Livestock Research for Rural Development	25	11	None	Addis Ababa University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, P.O.Box 34, Debrezeit, Ethiopia	Ali, T., Addis Ababa University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, P.O.Box 34, Debrezeit, Ethiopia; Lemma, A., Addis Ababa University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, P.O.Box 34, Debrezeit, Ethiopia; Yilma, T., Addis Ababa University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, P.O.Box 34, Debrezeit, Ethiopia	A cross sectional study and retrospective data analysis were conducted to examine and characterize the reproductive practices and outcomes by location (district) and to identify cow factors that influence reproductive efficiency of dairy cows under artificial insemination (AI). Data were collected on reproductive events from 428 dairy farms in four districts from two regional states of Ethiopia. The overall mean age at first calving (AFC) was 34.8 (n=386) months, where it was significantly different across locations (districts). Mean days for calving to first service interval (CFSI) and calving to conception interval (CCI) were 222 (n=320) and 257(n=234), respectively. Even if breed and location differences had no effect on CFSI; CCI was significantly affected by location. Number of service per conception (NSC) for pregnant cows were 1.55 (n=234) and there was statistically significant difference (P<0.05) in the NSC between districts and between breeds. First service conception rate (FSCR) was 40.9% with significant difference (P<0.05) between location (districts) and breeds. Days after last calving (DALC) were 260.8 (n=331) and had significant difference between breeds. All the traits studied did not differ significantly (P>0.05) between parities. In Ethiopia, location and breed differences are still the major determinants of reproductive performance of dairy cows.	Breed; Calving to conception interval; Number of service per conception; Parity; Region	None	None
WoS	WOS:000263496700006	Impact of antenatal common mental disorders upon perinatal outcomes in Ethiopia: the P-MaMiE population-based cohort study	Abdulahi, Abdulreshid,Alem, Atalay,Araya, Mesfin,Dewey, Michael,Hanlon, Charlotte,Hughes, Marcus,Lakew, Zufan,Medhin, Girmay,Patel, Vikram,Prince, Martin,Tesfaye, Fikru,Tomlinson, Mark,Worku, Bogale	2009	TROPICAL MEDICINE &amp; INTERNATIONAL HEALTH	14	2	10.1111/j.1365-3156.2008.02198.x	Addis Ababa University, Kings College London, University of London, MRC, UK & Sangath Ctr	"Abdulahi, Abdulreshid: Addis Ababa University","Alem, Atalay: Addis Ababa University","Araya, Mesfin: Addis Ababa University","Dewey, Michael: Kings College London","Dewey, Michael: University of London","Hughes, Marcus: Kings College London","Hughes, Marcus: University of London","Lakew, Zufan: Addis Ababa University","Medhin, Girmay: Kings College London","Medhin, Girmay: University of London","Prince, Martin: Kings College London","Prince, Martin: University of London","Tesfaye, Fikru: Addis Ababa University","Worku, Bogale: Addis Ababa University",	To examine the impact of antenatal psychosocial stressors, including maternal common mental disorders (CMD), upon low birth weight, stillbirth and neonatal mortality, and other perinatal outcomes in rural Ethiopia. A population-based sample of 1065 pregnant women was assessed for symptoms of antenatal CMD (Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20: SRQ-20), stressful life events during pregnancy (List of Threatening Experiences: LTE) and worry about the forthcoming delivery. In a sub-sample of 654 women from six rural sub-districts, neonatal birth weight was measured on 521 (79.7%) singleton babies within 48 h of delivery. Information about other perinatal outcomes was obtained shortly after birth from the mother's verbal report and via the Demographic Surveillance System. After adjusting for potential confounders, none of the psychosocial stressors were associated with lower mean birth weight, stillbirth or neonatal mortality. Increasing levels of antenatal CMD symptoms were associated both with prolonged labour (&gt; 24 h) (SRQ 1-5: RR 1.4; 95% CI 1.0-1.9, SRQ &gt;= 6: RR 1.6; 95% CI 1.0-2.6) and delaying initiation of breast-feeding more than eight hours (SRQ 1-5: RR 1.4; 95% CI 0.8 to 2.4, SRQ &gt;= 6: RR 2.8; 95% CI 1.3-6.1). Worry about delivery was also associated with labour longer than 24 h (RR 1.5; 95% CI 1.0-2.1). This study provides preliminary evidence of important public health consequences of poor maternal mental health in low-income countries but does not replicate the strong association with low birth weight found in South Asia.	"birth weight","BREAST FEEDING","MENTAL DISORDER","obstetric labour complications",PREGNANCY,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA",ANXIETY,ASSOCIATION,INDIA,"INFANT GROWTH",INITIATION,LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT,"MATERNAL DEPRESSION",MORBIDITY,NUTRITIONAL-STATUS,PREGNANCY	None	None
WoS	WOS:000273194900009	Health professionals' attitudes and misconceptions regarding podoconiosis: potential impact on integration of care in southern Ethiopia	Davey, Gail,Deribe, Kebede,Yakob, Bereket	2010	TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE	104	1	10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.07.021	Addis Ababa University, Fayyaa Integrated Dev Assoc	"Davey, Gail: Addis Ababa University","Yakob, Bereket: Addis Ababa University",	Offering long-term community care for patients with podoconiosis (endemic non-filarial elephantiasis) is challenging, and requires co-operation between patients and their families, the community and health care professionals. Health professionals who harbour misconceptions about podoconiosis or stigmatize patients are likely to deliver substandard services and propagate such attitudes within the community. In January 2007, we used a structured self-administered questionnaire to assess knowledge of and attitudes towards podoconiosis among 275 health professionals in public and private health institutions in southern Ethiopia. Nearly all (97.8%) health professionals held at least one significant misconception about the cause of podoconiosis, and 97.1% responded incorrectly to one or more questions about signs and symptoms of podoconiosis. Around half (53.9%) incorrectly considered podoconiosis to be an infectious disease and were afraid of acquiring podoconiosis while providing care. All (100%) held one or more stigmatizing attitudes towards people with podoconiosis. These high levels of misconceptions and stigmatizing attitudes suggest negative effects of health professionals, seriously undermining integration between themselves, patients and community partners. We recommend pre- and in-service training of health professionals to overcome these misconceptions, to diminish stigma and to improve integration among those offering community care of patients with podoconiosis. (c) 2009 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	ATTITUDE,"chronic care model",elephantiasis,ETHIOPIA,PODOCONIOSIS,STIGMA,ASSOCIATION,DISEASE,"ENDEMIC ELEPHANTIASIS","NON-FILARIAL ELEPHANTIASIS"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000332072800013	School-based intervention: evaluating the role of water, latrines and hygiene education on trachoma and intestinal parasitic infections in Ethiopia	Aboset, Nigusu,Berhane, Yemane,Gelaye, Bizu,Kumie, Abera,Williams, Michelle A.	2014	JOURNAL OF WATER SANITATION AND HYGIENE FOR DEVELOPMENT	4	1	10.2166/washdev.2013.060	Addis Ababa University, Harvard University, University of Washington, University of Washington Seattle, Addis Continental Inst Publ Hlth, Family Hlth Int	"Williams, Michelle A.: Harvard University",	We sought to evaluate the impact of a hygiene and sanitation intervention program among school-children to control active trachoma and intestinal parasitic infections. This longitudinal epidemiologic study was conducted among 630 students in rural Ethiopia. Baseline and follow-up surveys were conducted to evaluate the impact of a three-pronged intervention program: (i) construction of ventilated improved pit latrines; (ii) provision of clean drinking water; and (iii) hygiene education. Socio-demographic information was collected using a structured questionnaire. Presence of trachoma and intestinal parasitic infections were evaluated using standard procedures. At baseline, 15% of students had active trachoma, while 6.7% of them were found to have active trachoma post-intervention (p &lt; 0.001). Similar improvements were noted for parasitic infections. At baseline, 7% of students were reported to have helminthic infections and 30.2% protozoa infections. However, only 4% of students had any helminthic infection and 13.4% (p &lt; 0.001) of them were found to have any protozoa infection during follow-up surveys. Improvements were also noted in students' knowledge and attitudes towards hygiene and sanitation. In summary, the results of our study demonstrated that provision of a comprehensive and targeted sanitation intervention program was successful in reducing the burden of trachoma and intestinal parasitic infection among schoolchildren.	ETHIOPIA,INTERVENTION,"PARASITIC INFECTION",SANITATION,SCHOOL,TRACHOMA,"ACTIVE TRACHOMA",ALBENDAZOLE,CHILDREN,DISTRICT,EFFICACY,PREVALENCE,PROMOTION,RISK-FACTORS,"SOIL-TRANSMITTED HELMINTHS",TANZANIA	None	None
WoS	WOS:000282333200023	Interim report: Review of evidence of the health impact of famine in Ethiopia	Mariam, D. Haile,Murray, V.,Taye, A.	2010	PERSPECTIVES IN PUBLIC HEALTH	130	5	10.1177/1757913910379197	Addis Ababa University, Hlth Protect Agcy	"Mariam, D. Haile: Addis Ababa University",	Historical accounts of famines in Ethiopia go as far back as the 9th century, however, evidence on its impact on health only started to emerge from the 15th century onwards. Unfortunately, famine has been endemic in Ethiopia in the last few decades. The 1973 famine is reported to have claimed over 300,000 lives. In 1985 approximately 10 million people were reported to be starving, with approximately 300,000 already dead and about 1,000 dying daily. In the following years, droughts leading to food shortage have had local and national adverse health effects, in particular in 1999/2000. This paper describes the initial findings of a literature review of evidence on the health impact of droughts leading to famine in Ethiopia and highlights gaps in knowledge. The key finding, thus far, is the marked paucity of health impact data. This review also highlights the fact that adverse health impacts of famines are probably complex and long lasting. Interpretation of any health impact data is difficult as there are few baseline data to compare. Health effects also impact livelihoods. Livelihood disruption following famine does not just affect one generation but also subsequent generations. Surveillance systems are needed so that records of the health impacts of a drought that leads to famine can inform action. With climate change bringing increased likelihood of drought and famine in some parts of the world, the findings of this review could be beneficial not just for Ethiopia but also elsewhere.	DROUGHT,ETHIOPIA,FAMINE,"health impacts",SURVEILLANCE,CRISIS,DROUGHT,MORTALITY,NUTRITION,PROVINCE,SUDAN	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34548414867	Cape Town and the two oceans marathon: The impact of sport tourism	Kotze N.	2006	Urban Forum	17	3	10.1007/s12132-006-0013-8	Department of Geography, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	Kotze, N., Department of Geography, University of Johannesburg, South Africa	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000295110800006	Long-Term Impact of Residual Symptoms in Treatment-Resistant Depression	Cleare, Anthony J.,Fekadu, Abebaw,Markopoulou, Kalypso,Poon, Lucia,Rane, Lena J.,Wooderson, Sarah C.	2011	CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE	56	9	None	Addis Ababa University, Kings College London, University of London, S London & Maudsley Natl Hlth Serv Trust, South London & Maudsley NHS Trust	None	Objective: Although commonly encountered, little work has defined the longitudinal course of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and the influence of residual posttreatment symptoms on longer-term outcome. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of posttreatment clinical states on longer-term outcome. Method: Patients (n = 118) with TRD received specialist inpatient treatment and were followed-up for a median of 3 years. Longitudinal outcome dichotomized into good and poor outcome was used as the primary outcome and functional measures were used as secondary outcomes. Results: Among 118 treated patients, 40 (34%) entered clinical remission, 36 (31%) entered partial remission, and 42 (37%) remained in episode at discharge. At follow-up, 35% had longitudinally defined poor outcome. Posttreatment clinical status was the main predictor of both poor and good outcome. Nearly 50% of patients achieved postdischarge recovery, and subsequently had longer-term outcome, comparable with patients discharged in remission. Patients who remained in episode posttreatment were more symptomatically and functionally impaired. Conclusion: Posttreatment clinical states are a useful guide to clinicians for projecting the longer-term outcome of patients with TRD. The persistence of residual or syndromal symptoms predicts a poorer longer-term outcome, whereas treatment to remission is associated with better outcomes.	COURSE,"FOLLOW-UP STUDY",OUTCOME,"treatment-refractory depression","treatment-resistant depression",FOLLOW-UP,IMIPRAMINE,ISSUES,"MAJOR DEPRESSION",OUTCOMES,"PARTIAL REMISSION",RATING-SCALE,RECURRENCE,RELAPSE,STAR-ASTERISK-D	None	None
WoS	WOS:000258977600014	The economic impact of HIV/AIDS morbidity and mortality on households in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Araya, T.,Davey, G.,Mariam, D. Haile,Reniers, G.,Tekola, F.	2008	AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV	20	8	10.1080/09540120701777256	Addis Ababa University, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Colorado System, University of Witwatersrand	"Araya, T.: Addis Ababa University","Davey, G.: Addis Ababa University","Mariam, D. Haile: Addis Ababa University","Tekola, F.: Addis Ababa University",	The present study investigates whether the household-level economic impact of an adult AIDS death is different from that of death from another cause. The data come from cross-sectional post-mortem interviews (verbal autopsies) with relatives or primary caregivers of deceased adults randomly selected from deaths recorded in an ongoing burial surveillance in Addis Ababa. Our analyses consist of three parts. First, we assess the sociodemographic risk factors for AIDS mortality. Subsequently, we reverse the causal order of this relationship and carry out an analysis of the effect of AIDS mortality on the subjective experience of change in the household's financial situation following the death of a household member. Finally, we quantify the direct and indirect costs of illness and death on the household. Results indicate that households experiencing an HIV/AIDS death are poorer than those experiencing a non-HIV/AIDS death. In addition, poorer households experience a greater decline in socioeconomic status following death of a household member. AIDS mortality has more detrimental effects on the household economic status than deaths due to other causes. While the difference between AIDS and non-AIDS mortality in terms of direct costs is minimal, the indirect cost of an AIDS death per household exceeds that of non-AIDS death by 58%. In conclusion, poor households are more likely to experience an AIDS death and in turn are more vulnerable to the socioeconomic impact of death. Therefore, it is justifiable to target HIV-impact mitigation programs on poorer households.	"Addis Ababa",ETHIOPIA,HIV/AIDS,MORBIDITY,MORTALITY,"socioeconomic impact",AFRICA,AIDS,EXPENDITURE,HIV-INFECTION,RISK,SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS	None	None
WoS	WOS:000345469000029	The impact of introducing new vaccines on the health system: Case studies from six low- and middle-income countries	Burchett, Helen E. D.,Chavez, Enrique,Edengue, Jean-Marie,Gelmon, Lawrence,Griffiths, Ulla K.,Kitaw, Yayehirad,Konate, Mamadou,Lagarde, Mylene,Mills, Anne,Molla, Mitike,Mounier-Jack, Sandra,Ongolo-Zogo, Pierre,Onyango-Ouma, Washington,Rulisa, Stephen,Torr	2014	VACCINE	33	49	10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.09.032	Addis Ababa University, University of London, University of Manitoba, University of Nairobi, University of Rwanda, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Minist Hlth, Yaounde Cent Hosp	"Burchett, Helen E. D.: University of London","Griffiths, Ulla K.: University of London","Lagarde, Mylene: University of London","Mills, Anne: University of London","Molla, Mitike: Addis Ababa University","Mounier-Jack, Sandra: University of London","Onyango-Ouma, Washington: University of Nairobi","Rulisa, Stephen: University of Rwanda","Torres-Rueda, Sergio: University of London",	Objective: We aimed to explore the impacts of new vaccine introductions on immunization programmes and health systems in low- and middle-income countries. Methods: We conducted case studies of seven vaccine introductions in six countries (Cameroon, PCV; Ethiopia, PCV; Guatemala, rotavirus; Kenya, PCV; Mali, Meningitis A; Mali, PCV; Rwanda, HPV). Interviews were conducted with 261 national, regional and district key informants and questionnaires were completed with staff from 196 health facilities. Routine data from districts and health facilities were gathered on vaccination and antenatal service use. Data collection and analysis were structured around the World Health Organisation health system building blocks. Findings: The new vaccines were viewed positively and seemed to integrate well into existing health systems. The introductions were found to have had no impact on many elements within the building blocks framework. Despite many key informants and facility respondents perceiving that the new vaccine introductions had increased coverage of other vaccines, the routine data showed no change. Positive effects perceived included enhanced credibility of the immunisation programme and strengthened health workers' skills through training. Negative effects reported included an increase in workload and stock outs of the new vaccine, which created a perception in the community that all vaccines were out of stock in a facility. Most effects were found within the vaccination programmes; very few were reported on the broader health systems. Effects were primarily reported to be temporary, around the time of introduction only. Conclusion: Although the new vaccine introductions were viewed as intrinsically positive, on the whole there was no evidence that they had any major impact, positive or negative, on the broader health systems. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).	"HEALTH SYSTEMS","immunisation programmes",INTRODUCTIONS,"new vaccines",AFRICA,"ELIMINATION ACTIVITIES",IMMUNIZATION,MEASLES,"POLIO ERADICATION",PROGRAM	None	None
WoS	WOS:000343734600001	Learning from developing countries in strengthening health systems: an evaluation of personal and professional impact among global health volunteers at Addis Ababa University's Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (Ethiopia)	Aboneh, Ephrem A.,Busse, Heidi,Tefera, Girma	2014	GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH	10	None	10.1186/s12992-014-0064-x	Addis Ababa University, University of Wisconsin Madison, University of Wisconsin System	"Aboneh, Ephrem A.: Addis Ababa University","Busse, Heidi: University of Wisconsin Madison","Busse, Heidi: University of Wisconsin System","Tefera, Girma: University of Wisconsin Madison","Tefera, Girma: University of Wisconsin System"	Background: The positive impact of global health activities by volunteers from the United States in low-and middle-income countries has been recognized. Most existing global health partnerships evaluate what knowledge, ideas, and activities the US institution transferred to the low-or middle-income country. However, what this fails to capture are what kinds of change happen to US-based partners due to engagement in global health partnerships, both at the individual and institutional levels. "Reverse innovation" is the term that is used in global health literature to describe this type of impact. The objectives of this study were to identify what kinds of impact global partnerships have on health volunteers from developed countries, advance this emerging body of knowledge, and improve understanding of methods and indicators for assessing reverse innovation. Methods: The study population consisted of 80 US, Canada, and South Africa-based health care professionals who volunteered at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in Ethiopia. Surveys were web-based and included multiple choice and open-ended questions to assess global health competencies. The data were analyzed using IBRM SPSS (R) version 21 for quantitative analysis; the open-ended responses were coded using constant comparative analysis to identify themes. Results: Of the 80 volunteers, 63 responded (79 percent response rate). Fifty-two percent of the respondents were male, and over 60 percent were 40 years of age and older. Eighty-three percent reported they accomplished their trip objectives, 95 percent would participate in future activities and 96 percent would recommend participation to other colleagues. Eighty-nine percent reported personal impact and 73 percent reported change on their professional development. Previous global health experience, multiple prior trips, and the desire for career advancement were associated with positive impact on professional development. Conclusion: Professionally and personally meaningful learning happens often during global health outreach. Understanding this impact has important policy, economic, and programmatic implications. With the aid of improved monitoring and evaluation frameworks, the simple act of attempting to measure "reverse innovation" may represent a shift in how global health partnerships are perceived, drawing attention to the two-way learning and benefits that occur and improving effectiveness in global health partnership spending.	Africa,COLLABORATION,"global health","Health systems partnership","reverse innovation","Twinning partnership",PARTNERSHIPS	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879830246	Evaluation of the prevalence, progression and severity of common adverse reactions (Lipodystrophy, CNS, peripheral neuropathy, and hypersensitivity reactions) associated with Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) and anti-tuberculosis treatment in outpatients in	Nemaura T., Dhoro M., Nhachi C., Kadzirange G., Chonzi P., Masimirembwa C.	2013	Journal of AIDS and Clinical Research	4	4	10.4172/2155-6113.1000203	African Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, P.O. Box 2294, Harare, Zimbabwe; College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe; Department of Health, Harare City Council, Zimbabwe	Nemaura, T., African Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, P.O. Box 2294, Harare, Zimbabwe, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe; Dhoro, M., African Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, P.O. Box 2294, Harare, Zimbabwe; Nhachi, C., College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe; Kadzirange, G., College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe; Chonzi, P., Department of Health, Harare City Council, Zimbabwe; Masimirembwa, C., African Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, P.O. Box 2294, Harare, Zimbabwe	Introduction: The use of many anti-retroviral drugs has been associated with a myriad of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) which could limit successful treatment outcome with respect to patient compliance and quality of life. An additional consideration is the high incidence of HIV infection with tuberculosis (TB) in Southern Africa, including Zimbabwe, and the use of co-treatment regimens. Methods: The study is a cross sectional, case-control study of 433 out-patients conducted at two hospitals in Zimbabwe. The patients were profiled for adverse reactions namely central nervous system side-effects (CNS), lipodystrophy (LD), skin hypersensitivity (SH), and peripheral neuropathy (PN). Assignment of the case and the control status of a patient was done based on occurrence of these adverse drug reactions in each of the HIV/AIDS only, TB only and HIV/TB co-infection patient groups. Results: Among the HIV/AIDS only treatment group (n= 240), the incidences of major ADRs were PN (63%), LD (38%), CNS (29%) and SH (21%). In the TB only treatment group (n=92), the major ADRs were PN (49%), CNS (29%), and SH (14%). In the HIV-TB co-treatment group (n=98), the major ADRs were PN (64%), CNS (39%), LD (6%) and SH (18%). A significant number of females were on alternate first line treatment that has no stavudine as compared to males (OR=1.98, CI (1.1, 3.59); p=0.03). Occurrence of CNS adverse drug reactions were more associated with patients on efavirenz than other HIV-drug combinations (43% vs. 17%, p<0.00001). Conclusion: The use of anti-retroviral drugs and anti-TB drugs is associated with very high incidences of adverse drug reactions. There is therefore need to understand the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic mechanisms of these ADRs so as to identify patients at risk and to provide guidelines for the choice of drug and dosage to ensure safe and efficacious treatment outcomes. © 2013 Nemaura T, et al.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864538166	School types, facilities and academic performance of students in senior secondary schools in Ondo State, Nigeria	Alimi O.S., Ehinola G.B., Alabi F.O.	2012	International Education Studies	5	3	10.5539/ies.v5n3p44	Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria	Alimi, O.S., Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria; Ehinola, G.B., Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria; Alabi, F.O., Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria	The study investigated the influence of school types and facilities on students' academic performance in Ondo State. It was designed to find out whether facilities and students' academic performance are related in private and public secondary schools respectively. Descriptive survey design was used. Proportionate random sampling technique was used to select 50 schools in Ondo state. Two set of research instruments named School Facility Descriptive and Students Academic Performance Questionnaire (SFDAPQ) for principals; and School Facility Descriptive Questionnaire (SFDQ) for the teachers were used for the study. T- test was used to analyze the data. All hypotheses were tested at a significant level of 0.05. The study revealed a significant difference in facilities available in public and private schools in Ondo State. It however revealed no significant difference in academic performance of students in the two types of secondary schools. Suggestions for the procurement of more facilities in public secondary schools were made in order to enhance students' academic performance.	Measure of effectiveness; Physical facilities; School types; Social wastage; Students performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892548336	External debt management techniques: An evaluation of the debt conversion programme on Nigeria economy	Henry O.A.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	10	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n10p216	Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Department of Economics, School of Arts and Social Sciences, Nigeria	Henry, O.A., Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Department of Economics, School of Arts and Social Sciences, Nigeria	The study evaluated the various debt conversion programme used by the Federal Government of Nigeria to manage the nation's external debt. It examines the problems and prospects of management techniques with a view to improving on them or possibly suggests new techniques which might be helpful in solving the external debt problem. Therefore, the research is focused on the external debt management techniques in Nigeria, with emphasis on the efforts of the central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the federal ministry of finance (FMF). Generally, the indebtedness of the country becomes a problem when the burden of servicing the debt becomes so heavy and unbearable that it imposes intolerable constraints on the economy and on the development efforts of the authorities. Managing the debt stock without stultifying growth has always has always been the headache of economic planners in Nigeria and other developing countries The pupation of this study constitutes the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the Federal Ministry of Finance (FMF) records and personnel, the sample used is the representative sample. This is because the sample reflects the conditions existing in the population. A total of 20 top management personnel of both the CBN and FMF including 5 top management personnel of the Debt Conversion Committee (DCC) were sampled. In this study, two types of data were collected that is, the secondary data and the primary data. In designing the instrument, care has been taken to ensure its effectiveness, the validity of the research questions were established found reliable at r = 0.82. The result showed that the management of Nigeria's external debt via debt conversion programme is effective(χ2cal 6.545 &gt; χ2tab value of 1.635;df=4; =0.05).Also, the Nigeria's debt conversion programme is realistic. (χ2cal 4.655 &gt; χ2tab 1.635;df=4; =0.05). However, the study revealed that the debt conversion programme is not the final solution to Nigeria's external debt problems. (χ2cal 4.655 &gt; χ2tab 1.635; df=4; =0.05). On the basis of the findings, it is therefore recommended that the debt management should be part of the macroeconomic policies of the month. The nation need not wait until there is a debt crisis before embarking on debt management. Also, accurate information on external debts should be sourced as this aids its efficient management on a day-to-day basis and external borrowing strategies in the planning framework.	Closed system; Commercial debt; Debt conversion; Debt management; Jumbo loan	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78651456579	Psychological Constructs and Academic Performance at the National Open University of Nigeria: Counseling and Planning Implications	Nelson Adewole I., Olajide Olawole A., Maruff Akinwale O., Akinola Gbadebo A.	2010	European Journal of Social Sciences	18	1	None	Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Lagos, Nigeria; Federal College of Education (Special), Oyo, Nigeria	Nelson Adewole, I., Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Lagos, Nigeria; Olajide Olawole, A., Federal College of Education (Special), Oyo, Nigeria; Maruff Akinwale, O., Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Lagos, Nigeria; Akinola Gbadebo, A., Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Lagos, Nigeria	The recognition of the importance of distance education in providing students with the best and most up-to-date educational resources available in addition to the traditional teaching methods that they receive has led to rapid transformation of several traditional Universities from single mode to dual mode ones. With the growth and acceptance of distance education, it is important to ensure the success of students in the programme. This study therefore aimed at providing a causal explanation of distance learners' academic performance through the analysis of some students' psychological variables.The descriptive research design of the 'ex-post facto' type was adopted for the study. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 1500 participants while purposive sampling technique was adopted to select the National Open University of Nigeria. Data were collected through three validated and reliable questionnaires. Two research questions were raised and answered with the aid of multiple regression analysis. The three psychological variables had joint contribution of 15.6% to academic performance. The order of importance of these variables to the prediction of academic performance is self-regulation, self-efficacy and self-concept respectively. Only self-regulations made significant contribution to academic performance. Students should endeavour to inculcate good selfregulations skills.	Academic performance; Distance learning; Psychological variables	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84871357624	Ground-based in situ measurements of near-surface aerosol mass concentration over Anantapur: Heterogeneity in source impacts	Reddy B.S.K., Kumar K.R., Balakrishnaiah G., Gopal K.R., Reddy R.R., Sivakumar V., Arafath S.M., Lingaswamy A.P., Pavankumari S., Umadevi K., Ahammed Y.N.	2013	Advances in Atmospheric Sciences	30	1	10.1007/s00376-012-1234-5	Aerosol and Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515003 Andhra Pradesh, India; Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkoido University, Sapporo, 0600819, Japan; School of Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa; Department of Physics, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, 516003, India	Reddy, B.S.K., Aerosol and Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515003 Andhra Pradesh, India, Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkoido University, Sapporo, 0600819, Japan; Kumar, K.R., Aerosol and Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515003 Andhra Pradesh, India, School of Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa; Balakrishnaiah, G., Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Gopal, K.R., Aerosol and Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515003 Andhra Pradesh, India; Reddy, R.R., Aerosol and Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515003 Andhra Pradesh, India; Sivakumar, V., School of Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa; Arafath, S.M., Aerosol and Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515003 Andhra Pradesh, India; Lingaswamy, A.P., Aerosol and Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515003 Andhra Pradesh, India; Pavankumari, S., Aerosol and Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515003 Andhra Pradesh, India; Umadevi, K., Aerosol and Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515003 Andhra Pradesh, India; Ahammed, Y.N., Department of Physics, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, 516003, India	Surface measurements of aerosol physical properties were made at Anantapur (14.62°N, 77.65°E, 331 m a. s. l), a semiarid rural site in India, during August 2008-July 2009. Measurements included the segregated sizes of aerosolsas as well as total mass concentration and size distributions of aerosols measured at low relative humidity (RH&lt;75%) using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) in the 25-0.05 μm aerodynamic diameter range. The hourly average total surface aerosol mass concentration in a day varied from 15 to 70 μg m-3, with a mean value of 34.02±9.05 μg m-3 for the entire study period. A clear diurnal pattern appeared in coarse, accumulation and nucleation-mode particle concentrations, with two local maxima occurring in early morning and late evening hours. The concentration of coarse-mode particles was high during the summer season, with a maximum concentration of 11.81±0.98 μg m-3 in the month of April, whereas accumulationmode concentration was observed to be high in the winter period contributed &gt;68% to the total aerosol mass concentration. Accumulation aerosol mass fraction, Af (= Ma/Mt) was highest during winter (mean value of Af ~ 0.80) and lowest (Af ~ 0.64) during the monsoon season. The regression analysis shows that both Reff and Rm are dependent on coarse-mode aerosols. The relationship between the simultaneous measurements of daily mean aerosol optical depth at 500 nm (AOD500) and PM2.5 mass concentration ([PM2.5]) shows that surface-level aerosol mass concentration increases with the increase in columnar aerosol optical depth over the observation period. © 2012 Chinese National Committee for International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Science Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.	aerosols mass concentration; backward trajectories; effective radius; size distribution	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880115352	Effect of feeding Prosopis juliflora pods and leaves on performance and carcass characteristics of Afar sheep	Ali A.S., Tudsri S., Rungmekarat S., Kaewtrakulpong K.	2012	Kasetsart Journal - Natural Science	46	6	None	Afar Pastoral and Agro-pastoral Research Institute, Afar Region, Samara 16, Ethiopia; Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Department of Farm Mechanics, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand	Ali, A.S., Afar Pastoral and Agro-pastoral Research Institute, Afar Region, Samara 16, Ethiopia; Tudsri, S., Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Rungmekarat, S., Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Kaewtrakulpong, K., Department of Farm Mechanics, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand	Twenty Afar male sheep with initial mean body weight ± SD of 17.87 ± 1.19 kg were used to evaluate the effect of replacing commercial feed with Prosopis juliflora pods and leaves on growth performance, carcass and meat quality characteristics. Animals were equally divided into four dietary treatment groups for 120 d (Rhode grass hay (RGH), RGH + 300 g ground P. juliflora pods (PJP), RGH + 150 g each ground P. juliflora pods and leaves mix (PJPLM) and RGH + 300 g commercial concentrate mix (CCM) per head per day). Total dry matter and crude protein intakes increased (P < 0.05) in treatments supplemented with ground PJP and CCM. The average weight gain and meat quality parameters obtained by supplementing with 300 g ground PJP were significantly higher than the RGH and PJPLM treatment groups, but were comparable with that of CCM. The present study demonstrated the potential of using PJP for Afar lambs without adverse effects on growth and carcass characteristics. However, the intake of PJP reduced when mixed with leaves and this indicates the leaves are unpalatable.	Afar sheep; Carcass characteristics; Feed intake; Growth; Prosopis juliflora	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77957238662	Gender differentials in the impact of parental death: Adolescent's sexual behaviour and risk of HIV infection in rural South Africa	Nyirenda M., McGrath N., Newell M.-L.	2010	Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies	5	3	10.1080/17450128.2010.507804	Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, University of KwaZulu Natal, PO Box 198, Mtubatuba 3935, South Africa; Infectious Disease Epidemiology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom	Nyirenda, M., Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, University of KwaZulu Natal, PO Box 198, Mtubatuba 3935, South Africa; McGrath, N., Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, University of KwaZulu Natal, PO Box 198, Mtubatuba 3935, South Africa, Infectious Disease Epidemiology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom; Newell, M.-L., Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, University of KwaZulu Natal, PO Box 198, Mtubatuba 3935, South Africa, Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom	Using data from a longitudinal surveillance study from rural South Africa, we investigated the odds of sexual debut, pregnancy and HIV infection of 15- to 19-year-old adolescents by parental survival. Using descriptive statistics and logistic regressions, we examine the relative risk of orphans compared with non-orphans to have ever had sex, being pregnant and being HIV infected, adjusting for age, sex, socio-economic status, education, being employed and residency. Of 8274 adolescents, 42% were orphaned (one or both parents died). Over 80% of adolescents remained in school, but orphans were significantly more likely to lag behind in grade for age. Female adolescent maternal (aOR 1.32, 95% CI 1.07-1.62), paternal (aOR 1.26, 95% CI 1.06-1.49) and dual (aOR 1.37, 95% CI 1.05-1.78) orphans were significantly more likely than non-orphaned females to have ever had sex; among males it was only paternal (aOR 1.27, 95% CI 1.05 1.53) orphans. Maternal (aOR 1.49, 95% CI 1.03-2.15) and dual (aOR 1.74, 95% CI 1.11-2.73) female orphans relative to non-orphaned females were significantly more likely to be HIV infected; male paternal (aOR 3.41, 95% CI 1.37-8.46) and dual (aOR 3.54, 95% CI 1.06-11.86) orphans had over three-fold the odds of being infected. There was strong evidence that death of mother for girls was associated with increased vulnerability to earlier sexual debut and HIV infection, while fathers appeared to play a significant role in both their son's and daughter's lives. © 2010 Taylor & Francis.	Adolescent; HIV/AIDS; Maternal; Orphanhood; Paternal; Sexual behaviour; Vulnerability	None	None
WoS	WOS:000305234200008	The impact of NERICA adoption on productivity and poverty of the small-scale rice farmers in the Gambia	Diagne, Aliou,Dibba, Lamin,Fialor, Simon C.,Nimoh, Fred	2012	FOOD SECURITY	4	2	10.1007/s12571-012-0180-5	Africa Rice Ctr AfricaRice, KNUST, Kwame Nkrumah University Science & Technology, NARI	None	The study assessed the causal effects of NERICA adoption on rice yields and income, using country-wide data of 600 rice farmers in The Gambia. To control for differences in socio-demographic and environmental characteristics of adopters and non-adopters and enable a causal interpretation of NERICA adoption on the variables of interest, the study used the counterfactual outcome framework to control for such differences. The results, based on observed sample estimates, showed significant differences in rice yields and income between the NERICA adopters and non-adopters. Further, the results of the framework, based on the Local Average Treatment Effect (LATE) estimates, which allowed a causal interpretation, showed that NERICA adoption significantly increased average rice yields and annual income of small-scale rice farmers by 157 kg per hectare and $148, respectively.	"causal effects",HETEROGENEITY,IMPACT,NERICA,"potential outcomes","THE GAMBIA","AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY",MODELS,PROPENSITY-SCORE,WEST-AFRICA	None	None
WoS	WOS:000344612400016	An Evaluation of Community Perspectives and Contributing Factors to Missed Children During an Oral Polio Vaccination Campaign - Katsina State, Nigeria	Achari, Panchanan,Ashenafi, Samra,Biya, Oladayo,Bwaka, Ado,Corkum, Melissa,Mackay, Susan,Mahoney, Frank,Michael, Charles A.,Newberry, David,Nguku, Patrick,Ogbuanu, Ikechukwu U.,Ohuabunwo, Chima,OPV Campaign Missed Children Study,Storms, Aaron D.,Sule, Ada	2014	JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES	210	None	10.1093/infdis/jiu288	African Field Epidemiol Network AFENET, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, United Nations Children Fund UNICEF, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, WHO	None	Background. Unvaccinated children contribute to accumulation of susceptible persons and the continued transmission of wild poliovirus in Nigeria. In September 2012, the Expert Review Committee (ERC) on Polio Eradication and Routine Immunization in Nigeria recommended that social research be conducted to better understand why children are missed during supplementary immunization activities (SIAs), also known as "immunization plus days (IPDs)" in Nigeria. Methods.aEuro integral Immediately following the SIA in October 2012, polio eradication partners and the government of Nigeria conducted a study to assess why children are missed. We used semistructured questionnaires and focus group discussions in 1 rural and 1 urban local government area (LGA) of Katsina State. Results.aEuro integral Participants reported that 61% of the children were not vaccinated because of poor vaccination team performance: either the teams did not visit the homes (25%) or the children were reported absent and not revisited (36%). This lack of access to vaccine was more frequently reported by respondents from scattered/nomadic communities (85%). In 1 out of 4 respondents (25%), refusal was the main reason their child was not vaccinated. The majority of respondents reported they would have consented to their children being vaccinated if the vaccine had been offered. Conclusions.aEuro integral Poor vaccination team performance is a major contributor to missed children during IPD campaigns. Addressing such operational deficiencies will help close the polio immunity gap and eradicate polio from Nigeria.	"missed children",non-compliance,OPV,"ORAL POLIO VACCINE","vaccine coverage"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904332448	Combining Ability Analysis of Storage Root Yield and Related Traits in Cassava at the Seedling Evaluation Stage of Breeding	Tumuhimbise R., Shanahan P., Melis R., Kawuki R.	2014	Journal of Crop Improvement	28	4	10.1080/15427528.2014.923798	African Centre for Crop Improvement, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; National Crops Resources Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Organization, Kampala, Uganda	Tumuhimbise, R., African Centre for Crop Improvement, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville Pietermaritzburg, South Africa, National Crops Resources Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Organization, Kampala, Uganda; Shanahan, P., African Centre for Crop Improvement, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Melis, R., African Centre for Crop Improvement, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Kawuki, R., National Crops Resources Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Organization, Kampala, Uganda	Selection of genotypes at the seedling evaluation stage of cassava breeding for advancement is largely based on high heritability traits. Moreover, combining ability and family data at this stage are rarely analyzed, leading to a loss of potential genetic information. This study was conducted to estimate the general combining ability (GCA) of nine cassava parents and specific combining ability (SCA) of their crosses for storage root yield (SRY) and related traits, as well as to determine the gene action controlling these traits. Thirty-six full-sib cassava families were developed from a 9 x 9 half-diallel mating design and evaluated in a 6 x 6 triple lattice design. The family mean squares (MS) were significantly different for all traits assessed, suggesting significant differences among families for all traits. The GCA MS were significant for all traits, whereas SCA MS were significant for only storage root number (SRN). Percentage sum of squares attributable to GCA accounted for >50.0% of variability expressed by families in five of the seven traits studied, indicating predominance of additive gene effects in controlling expression of most traits. Parent CT4 was the best general combiner for SRY, SRN, and resistance to cassava brown streak and mosaic diseases, while crosses NASE3 x CT2, CT5 x CT3, and NASE3 x CT4 had desirable SCA effects for SRY. Correlation analysis indicated a possibility of selecting for SRY and quality traits simultaneously. Simultaneous selection of these traits at the seedling generational stage of cassava breeding could reduce the cassava breeding cycle. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.	additive gene effects; crosses; Manihot esculenta Crantz; non-additive gene effects; parents	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903559734	The lover and another: A consideration of the efficacy of utilizing a performance poetry competition as vehicle for HIV/AIDS education among young adults	Wilson D., Suter K.	2013	Matatu	43	1	None	University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa	Wilson, D., University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa; Suter, K., University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84869393996	Measuring government performance in realising child rights and child wellbeing: The approach and indicators	Mekonen Y.	2010	Child Indicators Research	3	2	10.1007/s12187-009-9047-5	African Child Policy Forum, PO Box 1179, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Mekonen, Y., African Child Policy Forum, PO Box 1179, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Most governments have an impressive record in their formal accession to the relevant international child rights treaties. But the extent of their commitment to children varies widely and the gap between promises and reality remains wide. In response, we, at The African Child Policy Forum, developed an approach to measure government performance in realising children's rights and ensuring their wellbeing. The approach quantitatively measures how well governments are doing in meeting their national and international obligations to children through the Child-friendliness Index. This composite index is used to assess and rank the performance of all 52 African governments using a common set of indicators. It provides an indication of how prioritised children's issues are in African governments' policy agendas, and the extent to which those agendas are child-friendly. According to the Child-friendliness Index ranking, Mauritius and Namibia emerged as the first and second most child-friendly governments, respectvely, in Africa. In addition to these two, the "most child-friendly governments" group consists of both countries with high economic performance as well as those with a low status. The analysis also showed that national wealth and a high level of development are not guarantees of child wellbeing. The results further indicated that change and progress towards ensuring child wellbeing are possible and feasible even at very low levels of development and calls for: (a) adoption and implementation of effective laws and policies; and (b) a policy of child budgeting that prioritises the needs of children. © Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2009.	Child wellbeing; Child-friendliness; Governance; Government; Index; Performance; Policy	None	None
WoS	WOS:000208106500007	The cost and impact of male circumcision on HIV/AIDS in Botswana	Bollinger, Lori A.,Busang, Lesego,Fidzani, Boga,Moeti, Themba,Musuka, Godfrey,Stover, John	2009	JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY	12	None	10.1186/1758-2652-12-7	African Comprehens HIV AIDS Partnership, Futures Inst, Natl AIDS Coordinating Agcy	None	The HIV/AIDS epidemic continues to be a major issue facing Botswana, with overall adult HIV prevalence estimated to be 25.7 percent in 2007. This paper estimates the cost and impact of the draft Ministry of Health male circumcision strategy using the UNAIDS/WHO Decision-Makers' Programme Planning Tool (DMPPT). Demographic data and HIV prevalence estimates from the recent National AIDS Coordinating Agency estimations are used as input to the DMPPT to estimate the impact of scaling-up male circumcision on the HIV/AIDS epidemic. These data are supplemented by programmatic information from the draft Botswana National Strategy for Safe Male Circumcision, including information on unit cost and program goals. Alternative scenarios were developed in consultation with stakeholders. Results suggest that scaling-up adult and neonatal circumcision to reach 80% coverage by 2012 would result in averting almost 70,000 new HIV infections through 2025, at a total net cost of US$47 million across that same period. This results in an average cost per HIV infection averted of US$689. Changing the target year to 2015 and the scale-up pattern to a linear pattern results in a more evenly-distributed number of MCs required, and averts approximately 60,000 new HIV infections through 2025. Other scenarios explored include the effect of risk compensation and the impact of increasing coverage of general prevention interventions. Scaling-up safe male circumcision has the potential to reduce the impact of HIV/AIDS in Botswana significantly; program design elements such as feasible patterns of scale-up and inclusion of counselling are important in evaluating the overall success of the program.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-60949700706	The impact of translation activities on the development of African languages in a multilingual society: Duramazwi reMimhanzi as a case-study	Mheta G.	2005	Lexikos	15	None	None	African Languages Research Institute, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe	Mheta, G., African Languages Research Institute, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe	The article examines the impact of translation activities on the development of African languages in the multilingual Zimbabwean society. It analyses Shona musical terms created through translation processes and strategies such as borrowing, coining, compounding and derivation. Focus is on the way this ongoing term-creation is contributing to improving or hindering the development of Shona. The importance of such processes and strategies are discussed in the broader context of empowering African languages. The article also offers recommendations on how best to produce systematized terminology in music and other specialized fields.	Borrowing; Coining; Compounding; Derivation; Development of African languages; Multilingual societies; Terminography; Terminology; Translation	None	None
WoS	WOS:000207805600007	How Insecurity Impacts on School Attendance and School Dropout among Urban Slum Children in Nairobi	Izugbara, Chimaraoke,Mudege, Netsayi N.,Zulu, Eliya M.	2008	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONFLICT AND VIOLENCE	2	1	None	African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr	None	This paper discusses how perceptions of personal security can impact on school enrolment and attendance. It mainly focuses on threats of physical harm, crime, and community and domestic violence. These security fears can include insecurity that children suffer from as they go to school, maybe through the use of unsafe routes; insecurity that children feel at school; and the insecurity they suffer from in their homes. Although poverty can be a source and/or an indicator of insecurity, this paper does not focus solely on poverty as it is well covered elsewhere in the literature. The paper relies on qualitative data collected in Korogocho and Viwandani slum areas in Nairobi, Kenya between October and November 2004. The paper analyses data from individual interviews and focus group interviews and focuses on the narrative of slum dwellers on how insecurity impacts on educational attainment. The conclusion in this paper is that insecure neighbourhoods may have a negative impact on schooling. As a result policies that address insecurity in slum neighbourhoods can also improve school attendance and performance.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000263321100001	The impact of female employment on fertility in Dakar (Senegal) and Lome (Togo)	Beguy, Donatien	2009	DEMOGRAPHIC RESEARCH	20	None	10.4054/DemRes.2009.20.7	African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr	None	This paper investigates the impact of female employment on fertility in two urban contexts in sub-Saharan Africa: Dakar ( Senegal) and Lome ( Togo). The hypothesis that wage employment and maternal obligations are incompatible seems to be corroborated in Lome, where women are likely to consider work as a legitimate alternative to their role as a mother or spouse. Being involved in economic activity is a real option and can therefore impact upon their reproductive life. By contrast, in Dakar working does not seem to hinder family formation. Greater involvement of women in the labour force is not the main reason for fertility decline in Dakar. These findings illustrate how important it is to consider social gender-specific roles in order to accurately determine the influence of female employment on reproductive life.	,MODELS,"WOMENS EMPLOYMENT",WORK	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84919644294	Examining the impact of age on literacy achievement among grade 6 primary school pupils in Kenya	Hungi N., Ngware M., Abuya B.	2014	International Journal of Educational Development	39	None	10.1016/j.ijedudev.2014.06.003	African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Kenya	Hungi, N., African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Kenya; Ngware, M., African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Kenya; Abuya, B., African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Kenya	The main objective of this paper is to investigate the optimal age category at which primary school pupils from low income families perform their best in literacy at grade 6 level. Age is a potential learning barrier because of its link to cognitive development as well as its influence on interactions between pupils within classrooms. The sample consisted of 7041 grade 6 pupils, spread in 226 schools across six major urban slums in Kenya. Using descriptive statistics, we examine the distribution of grade 6 pupils' age. We then examine incidences of over-age pupils and incidences of grade repetition across various subgroups of pupils disaggregated by factors such as sex, wealth background, grade repetition, school type and geographical location. Finally, using multilevel techniques, we estimate the pupil age category that has greatest positive impact on literacy achievement at grade 6 after controlling selected pupil and school factors.Irrespective of pupil sex, grade repetition, wealth background, school type or geographical location the results indicate that grade 6 pupils perform their best in literacy when they are in the age category ranging from 10 years 6 months to 11 years 5 months. The results also indicate that, in general, younger pupils were likely to achieve better than older pupil in literacy regardless of the background under consideration. Implications of the findings for policy and practice as well as further research are outlined. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.	Grade repetition; Kenya education; Literacy achievement; Over-age pupils; Pupil age; Underage pupils	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84937637591	Randomized impact evaluation of education interventions: experiences and lessons from a reading to learn intervention in East Africa	Ngware M.W., Abuya B., Oketch M., Admassu K., Mutisya M., Musyoka P.	2015	International Journal of Research and Method in Education	38	4	10.1080/1743727X.2014.965252	African Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, 2nd Floor, Manga Close Off Kirawa Road, PO Box 10787-00100, Nairobi, Kenya	Ngware, M.W., African Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, 2nd Floor, Manga Close Off Kirawa Road, PO Box 10787-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Abuya, B., African Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, 2nd Floor, Manga Close Off Kirawa Road, PO Box 10787-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Oketch, M., African Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, 2nd Floor, Manga Close Off Kirawa Road, PO Box 10787-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Admassu, K., African Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, 2nd Floor, Manga Close Off Kirawa Road, PO Box 10787-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Mutisya, M., African Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, 2nd Floor, Manga Close Off Kirawa Road, PO Box 10787-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Musyoka, P., African Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, 2nd Floor, Manga Close Off Kirawa Road, PO Box 10787-00100, Nairobi, Kenya	This paper presents the experiences and lessons learnt during the design and implementation of the randomized impact evaluation (IE) of a reading to learn (RtL) intervention in early primary grades. The study was to assess the impact of RtL on literacy and numeracy among pupils in low-performing districts in East Africa. The intervention was designed in a way that in each country one district implemented an intervention package that included teacher training, and teaching and learning materials; while the other district implemented this same package with an additional parental involvement component. Baseline data were collected in mid-2009 in Grades 1 and 2, and in 2010 for the incoming Grade 1. The endline data were collected in mid-2011. A total of 119 treatments and 110 control schools participated in the study. The randomized design provided an opportunity to attribute causality and also qualitatively establish pathways through which the intervention impacted on learning. The paper provides lessons learnt and demonstrates how the challenges faced during the evaluation were addressed. Additionally, the paper shows how IE was utilized to provide robust evidence of what works thus enabling policy-makers to make decisions on sustainability and scale-up of education interventions. © 2014 Taylor & Francis.	early grades; impact evaluation; Kenya; learning; literacy; numeracy; reading; Uganda	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-65949110577	The impact of female employment on fertility in Dakar (Senegal) and Lomé (Togó)	Beguy D.	2009	Demographic Research	20	None	10.4054/DemRes.2009.20.7	African Population and Health Research Center, Shelter Afrique Center, Longonot Road, Upper Hill, 00100 - GPO Nairobi, Kenya	Beguy, D., African Population and Health Research Center, Shelter Afrique Center, Longonot Road, Upper Hill, 00100 - GPO Nairobi, Kenya	This paper investigates the impact of female employment on fertility in two urban contexts in sub-Saharan Africa: Dakar (Senegal) and Lomé (Togo). The hypothesis that wage employment and maternal obligations are incompatible seems to be corroborated in Lomé, where women are likely to consider work as a legitimate alternative to their role as a mother or spouse. Being involved in economic activity is a real option and can therefore impact upon their reproductive life. By contrast, in Dakar working does not seem to hinder family formation. Greater involvement of women in the labour force is not the main reason for fertility decline in Dakar. These findings illustrate how important it is to consider social gender-specific roles in order to accurately determine the influence of female employment on reproductive life.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84944315308	Impact of climate change on brackish water aquaculture development in the coastal areas of Niger Delta	Akinrotimi O.A., Edun O.M.	2015	International Journal of Agricultural Research	10	2	10.3923/ijar.2015.44.53	African Regional Aquaculture Center, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, P.M.B. 5122, Buguma, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria	Akinrotimi, O.A., African Regional Aquaculture Center, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, P.M.B. 5122, Buguma, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Edun, O.M., African Regional Aquaculture Center, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, P.M.B. 5122, Buguma, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria	The issue of climate change has generated a lot of concern among the general public in Niger Delta region in recent time. It has been described in different ways by many people based on their views, perception and understanding. However, little considerations have been given to the impact of climate change on brackish water aquaculture in the coastal areas of Niger Delta. This study therefore, review critically, based on existing literature and field experience, the causes of climate change, impact of climate change on aquaculture production such as: increase in temperature, flooding of ponds, increase in water turbidity, heavy siltation of pond bottom, introduction of new species, collapse of farms infrastructure and fluctuations in salinity levels. Also, various adaptation and mitigation strategies that will ameliorate the impact of climate change in aquaculture operations, namely: reduction in human activities that are inimical to stable climate, selection of good site suitable for fish farming, provision of shading materials for fish cultured in tanks, raising of pond dykes, good management practices and improvement of monitoring and early warning systems are explicitly elucidated. As these strategies will go a long way in minimizing the impact of this menace, in the brackish water zone of the region. Moreover, efforts should be made by relevant institutions and agencies to come up with coordinated plans and policies that will reduce the effects of climate change on brackish water aquaculture in the coastal areas of Niger Delta. © 2015 Academic Journals Inc.	Climate; Coastal environment; Fish; Fish farming; Niger Delta	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949806808	The turn of the south? Social and economic impacts of mega-events in India, Brazil and South Africa	Maharaj B.	2015	Local Economy	30	8	10.1177/0269094215604318	University of Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa	Maharaj, B., University of Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa	In the neoliberal era, competing to host global sporting events has become a prominent urban promotion strategy, and with a few exceptions, the scholarly focus has been on the western experience. In contrast, this paper focuses on the south experience with specific reference to the 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi, the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa and the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil. A common argument is that such sporting events provide global marketing opportunities that can attract foreign investment, which may serve as catalysts for development. A key goal is to promote the status and power of the post-colonial nation-state (although ironically ceding sovereignty to entities like FIFA for the duration of events). While there are some benefits, especially in terms of infrastructure development, the Indian, Brazilian and South African experience suggests that the privileged tend to benefit at the expense of the poor, and socio-economic inequalities were exacerbated. These points are illustrated in this paper with reference to evictions, loss of livelihoods and violations of human rights. Disturbingly, the cost of constructing new sports’ facilities and associated infrastructure escalated phenomenally from the original bid-document estimates, without any public oversight, and some are destined to be white elephants. The mega-events were largely organised and funded by the governments in consultation with the private sector, with little or no accountability to citizens, although such decisions had major implications in terms of the diversion of public spending priorities from more urgent social needs such as housing, healthcare and education. © 2015, © The Author(s) 2015.	evictions; legacy; livelihoods; mega-events; South cities	None	None
WoS	WOS:000303784900011	Impacts of e-health on the outcomes of care in low- and middle-income countries: where do we go from here?	Fraser, Hamish S. F.,Khoja, Shariq R.,Lun, K. C.,Mechael, Patricia N.,Moura, Lincoln A., Jr.,Piette, John D.,Powell, John	2012	BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION	90	5	10.2471/BLT.11.099069	Aga Khan University, Columbia University, Harvard University, National University of Singapore, University of Warwick, Assis Mouse eHlth, Vet Affairs Ann Arbor Ctr Clin Management Res & D	"Fraser, Hamish S. F.: Harvard University","Khoja, Shariq R.: Aga Khan University","Lun, K. C.: National University of Singapore","Mechael, Patricia N.: Columbia University","Powell, John: University of Warwick",	E-health encompasses a diverse set of informatics tools that have been designed to improve public health and health care. Little information is available on the impacts of e-health programmes, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. We therefore conducted a scoping review of the published and non-published literature to identify data on the effects of e-health on health outcomes and costs. The emphasis was on the identification of unanswered questions for future research, particularly on topics relevant to low- and middle-income countries. Although e-health tools supporting clinical practice have growing penetration globally, there is more evidence of benefits for tools that support clinical decisions and laboratory information systems than for those that support picture archiving and communication systems. Community information systems for disease surveillance have been implemented successfully in several low- and middle-income countries. Although information on outcomes is generally lacking, a large project in Brazil has documented notable impacts on health-system efficiency. Meta-analyses and rigorous trials have documented the benefits of text messaging for improving outcomes such as patients' self-care. Automated telephone monitoring and self-care support calls have been shown to improve some outcomes of chronic disease management, such as glycaemia and blood pressure control, in low- and middle-income countries. Although large programmes for e-health implementation and research are being conducted in many low- and middle-income countries, more information on the impacts of e-health on outcomes and costs in these settings is still needed.	,BEHAVIOR-CHANGE,"DISEASE PREVENTION",FOLLOW-UP,IMPLEMENTATION,"LABORATORY INFORMATION-SYSTEM",RANDOMIZED-TRIAL,SELF-CARE,"SHORT-MESSAGE SERVICE",SOUTH-AFRICA,SUPPORT	None	None
WoS	WOS:000313561800010	Conceptual Framework for Development of Comprehensive e-Health Evaluation Tool	Durrani, Hammad,Khoja, Shariq,Piryani, Usha,Sajwani, Afroz,Scott, Richard E.	2013	TELEMEDICINE AND E-HEALTH	19	1	10.1089/tmj.2012.0073	Aga Khan University, University of Calgary	"Piryani, Usha: Aga Khan University","Sajwani, Afroz: Aga Khan University",	Objective: The main objective of this study was to develop an e-health evaluation tool based on a conceptual framework including relevant theories for evaluating use of technology in health programs. This article presents the development of an evaluation framework for e-health programs. Materials and Methods: The study was divided into three stages: Stage 1 involved a detailed literature search of different theories and concepts on evaluation of e-health, Stage 2 plotted e-health theories to identify relevant themes, and Stage 3 developed a matrix of evaluation themes and stages of e-health programs. Results: The framework identifies and defines different stages of e-health programs and then applies evaluation theories to each of these stages for development of the evaluation tool. This framework builds on existing theories of health and technology evaluation and presents a conceptual framework for developing an e-health evaluation tool to examine and measure different factors that play a definite role in the success of e-health programs. The framework on the horizontal axis divides e-health into different stages of program implementation, while the vertical axis identifies different themes and areas of consideration for e-health evaluation. Conclusions: The framework helps understand various aspects of e-health programs and their impact that require evaluation at different stages of the life cycle. The study led to the development of a new and comprehensive e-health evaluation tool, named the Khoja-Durrani-Scott Framework for e-Health Evaluation.	e-health,evaluation,FRAMEWORK,OUTCOMES,THEORIES,INFORMATION-SYSTEMS,NEED,SERVICES	None	None
WoS	WOS:000287817800001	Parental control and monitoring of young people's sexual behaviour in rural North-Western Tanzania: Implications for sexual and reproductive health interventions	Fenwick, Angela,Stones, William,Urassa, Mark,Wamoyi, Joyce,Zaba, Basia	2011	BMC PUBLIC HEALTH	11	None	10.1186/1471-2458-11-106	Aga Khan University, University of London, University of Southampton, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine	"Fenwick, Angela: University of Southampton",	Background: Parenting through control and monitoring has been found to have an effect on young people's sexual behaviour. There is a dearth of literature from sub-Saharan Africa on this subject. This paper examines parental control and monitoring and the implications of this on young people's sexual decision making in a rural setting in North-Western Tanzania. Methods: This study employed an ethnographic research design. Data collection involved 17 focus group discussions and 46 in-depth interviews conducted with young people aged 14-24 years and parents/carers of young people within this age-group. Thematic analysis was conducted with the aid of NVIVO 7 software. Results: Parents were motivated to control and monitor their children's behaviour for reasons such as social respectability and protecting them from undesirable sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes. Parental control and monitoring varied by family structure, gender, schooling status, a young person's contribution to the economic running of the family and previous experience of a SRH outcome such as unplanned pregnancy. Children from single parent families reported that they received less control compared to those from both parent families. While a father's presence in the family seemed important in controlling the activities of young people, a mother's did not have a similar effect. Girls especially those still schooling received more supervision compared to boys. Young women who had already had unplanned pregnancy were not supervised as closely as those who hadn't. Parents employed various techniques to control and monitor their children's sexual activities. Conclusions: Despite parents making efforts to control and monitor their young people's sexual behaviour, they are faced with several challenges (e. g. little time spent with their children) which make it difficult for them to effectively monitor them. There is a need for interventions such as parenting skills building that might enable parents to improve their relationships with children. This would equip parents with the appropriate skills for positive guidance and monitoring of their children and avoid inappropriate parenting behaviour. As much as parents focus their attention on their school going daughters, there is a need to also remember the out-of-school young people as they are also vulnerable to adverse SRH outcomes.	,ADOLESCENCE,AFRICAN-AMERICAN,DESIGN,FAMILY,HIV,MOTHERS,"RISK BEHAVIORS"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84945410130	Diabetes: knowledge, psychosocial impact, and attitude of patients	Achigbu E.O., Oputa R.N., Achigbu K.I., Ahuche I.U.	2015	International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries	35	None	10.1007/s13410-015-0368-2	Department of Ophthalmology, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Department of Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria	Achigbu, E.O., Department of Ophthalmology, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Oputa, R.N., Department of Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Achigbu, K.I., Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria; Ahuche, I.U., Department of Ophthalmology, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria	The scourge of diabetes has been increasing worldwide with a tendency to double, from 176 to 370 million people by 2030 according to WHO prediction. In Nigeria, only 20 % of the 3.2 million estimated to have diabetes are aware of it. Among those already diagnosed, about 50 % have poor glycaemic control attributable to poor diabetes self-management despite effective medication. Diabetes self-management in addition to medical therapy, lifestyle modification and education are key to the management of diabetes. This study aims to determine the knowledge, psychosocial impact and attitude of people with diabetes to diabetes with a view to make recommendations for a more encompassing patient-based management of diabetes. A cross-sectional study using a structured questionnaire in the endocrinology clinic of the Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, interviewed 104 consecutive newly diagnosed patients with diabetes who willingly consented to the study. One hundred and four patients with an equal male to female ratio were interviewed. The 41–60-year (78.8 %) age group and traders (66.3 %) constituted the greatest number. Majority (58.7 %) heard of diabetes prior to their diagnosis, but many (41.3 %) did not. This knowledge was significantly associated with occupation (0.022). Many (84.6 %) were willing to disclose diagnosis to family and friends as well as join a support group (61.5 %). But, the major reason for this inclination was wrong. Many never heard of diabetes prior to their diagnosis. In spite of being aware, a diagnosis of diabetes is associated with different emotional responses and attitudes including willingness to disclose their diagnosis and get support. Appropriate treatment based on current medical knowledge, self-management education and development of diabetic support groups is recommended. © 2015, Research Society for Study of Diabetes in India.	Attitude; Diabetes; Knowledge; Psychology	None	None
WoS	WOS:000265567000026	The univariate and bivariate impact of HIV/AIDS on the quality of life: A cross sectional study in the Hubei Province-Central China	Bapumiia, Mustaafa,Jackson, Felicia Williams,Kobelo, Theresia M.,Liu, LI,Mkangara, Ommari Baaliy,Mweri, Saumu Tobbi,Nie, Shaofa,Wang, Chongjian,Xiang, Hao,Xu, Yihua	2009	JOURNAL OF HUAZHONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MEDICAL SCIENCES	29	2	10.1007/s11596-009-0226-x	Agakhan Hosp, Hondros Coll, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol	None	This study is aimed to evaluate the quality of life (QOL) for individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Hubei province-central China by using WHOQOL-BREF instrument (Chinese version). One hundred and thirty six respondents (HIV/AIDS individuals) attending out-patient department of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese CDC) were administered a structured questionnaire developed by investigators. QOL was evaluated by using WHOQOL-BREF instrument (Chinese version). The results showed that the mean score of overall QOL on a scale of 0-100 was 25.8. The mean scores in 4 domains of QOL on a scale of 0-100 were 82.9 (social domain), 27.5 (psychological domain), 17.7 (physical domain) and 11.65 (environmental domain). The significant difference of QOL was noted in the score of physical domain between asymptomatic (14.6) and early symptomatic individuals (12) (P=0.014), and between patients with early symptoms (12) and those with AIDS (10.43) (P &lt; 0.001). QOL in psychological domain was significantly lower in early symptomatic (12.1) (P &lt; 0.05) and AIDS patients (12.4) (P &lt; 0.006) than in asymptomatic individuals (14.2). The difference in QOL scores in the psychological domain was significant with respect to the income of patients (P &lt; 0.048) and educational status (P &lt; 0.037). Significantly better QOL scores in the physical domain (P &lt; 0.040) and environmental domain (P &lt; 0.017) were noted with respect to the occupation of the patients. Patients with family support had better QOL scores in environmental domain. In our research, QOL for HIV/AIDS individuals was associated with education, occupation, income, family support and clinical categories of the patients. It was concluded that WHOQOL-BREF Chinese version was successfully used in the evaluation of QOL of HIV/AIDS individuals in Chinese population and proved to be a reliable and useful tool.	AIDS,BIVARIATE,"CENTRAL CHINA",HIV,IMPACT,univariate,"WHOQOL-Bref Chinese version",DISEASE,"SOCIAL SUPPORT"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904244528	Development and performance evaluation of a motorized fish smoking kiln	Ashaolu Michael O.	2014	Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development	5	3	10.4172/2155-9546.1000225	Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering Department, Lagos State Polytechnic, Ikorodu Lagos, Nigeria	Ashaolu Michael, O., Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering Department, Lagos State Polytechnic, Ikorodu Lagos, Nigeria	Fish smoking is a major activity in the fish industry. In most riverside areas in Nigeria, where fish business is very prominent smoking operations are mostly carried out manually and under unhygienic conditions. The concept of the smoking kiln development is to ease the drudgery associated with traditional methods (drum smoking) in the riverside communities. In this study, a motorized fish smoking kiln was designed, fabricated with locally available materials. The smoking process is based on natural convection of heated air with temperature ranging between 60°C and 110°C. The fish smoking kiln has an overall dimension of1600×1220×70 mm and uses charcoal as the main source of energy. The average capacity of the smoking chamber is 120 kg. The performance test was conducted to ascertain its performance. The result showed that moisture content was reduced from 80% to 30% with an average smoking time of 60 mins. The study concluded that fishes smoked by the kiln have a longer shelf life during storage when compared with traditional (drum) method, due to hot smoking temperature which reduces moisture faster. The overall average percentage weight loss obtained for three species tested are as follows: Etholmosa Fimbriata (sawa)-36%, Scombridae mackerel (37%) and Clarias gariepinus (cat fish) -45%. © 2014 Ashaolu Michael O.	Charcoal; Fish; Motorized; Shelf-life; Smoking kiln; Temperature	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-53749102149	Effects of environmental variables on poultry performance and pond water quality in an integrated poultry/fishery farming	Falayi F.R., Ogunlowo A.S., Alatise M.O.	2008	European Journal of Scientific Research	20	4	None	Agricultural Engineering Department, The Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	Falayi, F.R., Agricultural Engineering Department, The Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; Ogunlowo, A.S., Agricultural Engineering Department, The Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; Alatise, M.O., Agricultural Engineering Department, The Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	The need to find alternative but productive means of managing animal waste in the modern day agriculture waste cannot be over emphasised. One important means of managing these wastes is through conversion to important use either as animal feeds or as manures. Fish farming can be combined with poultry, animal husbandry and irrigation practices, which can lead to higher production and net profits. This practice is called integrated fish farming or integrated aquaculture. The integration of animal husbandry, especially poultry, with fish farming in a small scale results in the production of organic manure for the fertilization of the fish pond to increase the production of the natural food organism (planktonic algae) to be eaten by the fish. In some cases, the poultry wastes are used as direct food by some fish without supplementary feedings, such species include Nile Tilapia and catfish. An integrated poultry/fishery housing unit was designed and constructed such that poultry droppings were made to drop into the ponds directly and used as feed for clarias gariepinus. The set-up was made of four concrete ponds on which three wooden battery cages were mounted except the fourth pond which served as the control. The ponds were stocked with twenty (20) juvenile clarias garipinus each. There were four treatments and 3 replicates, fish in pond 1, two and three were fed with droppings from one broiler, two broilers and three broilers respectively. While fish in ponds 4 were fed with the fish concentrate. A total of 6 birds (4 weeks old) and 80 juvenile clarias gariepinus were used. This experiment lasted for 6 months. During this period, the environmental parameters were monitored and the effect of poultry waste on the development of the fish was analysed. There were remarkable differences in the microclimate inside and outside the building. The birds were well protected from harsh environmental conditions and a uniform development was recorded. Pollution resulting from the use of poultry droppings adversely affected the development of the fish. Increase in the volume of droppings led to increase in the Bio-Chemical oxygen demand and Chemical Oxygen demand of the pond water which consequently led to a decrease in the dissolved oxygen. Water turbidity also increased with increased droppings. Other water parameters like conductivity, chloride and pH values were within acceptable values suggested in literatures. The system has shown the possibility of effective poultry waste management technique which ensured that nothing is wasted and waste handling problem is grossly reduced. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2008.	Droppings; Fishery; Integrated; Pond; Poultry	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84919790050	Comparative evaluation of economic benefits of earthen fish ponds and concrete tanks in aquaculture enterprises in Oyo state, Nigeria [Usporedba procjene ekonomske koristi zemljanih bazena ribnjaka i betonskih spremnika u akvakulturnom poduzetništvu držav	Olaoye O.J., Adegbite D.A., Oluwalana E.O., Vaughan I.O., Odebiyi C.O., Adediji A.P.	2014	Ribarstvo, Croatian Journal of Fisheries	72	3	None	Agricultural Media Resources and Extension Centre, Federal University of Agriculture, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Institute of Food Security, Environmental Resources and Agricultural Research, Federal University of Agriculture, P. M. B.	Olaoye, O.J., Agricultural Media Resources and Extension Centre, Federal University of Agriculture, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Adegbite, D.A., Agricultural Media Resources and Extension Centre, Federal University of Agriculture, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Oluwalana, E.O., Agricultural Media Resources and Extension Centre, Federal University of Agriculture, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Vaughan, I.O., Institute of Food Security, Environmental Resources and Agricultural Research, Federal University of Agriculture, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State,, Nigeria; Odebiyi, C.O., Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, Federal University of Agriculture, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Adediji, A.P., Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, Federal University of Agriculture, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	The study focused on the comparative evaluation of economic benefits of earthen fish ponds and concrete tanks in aquaculture enterprises in Ibadan, Oyo state. Primary data were collected with the aid of structured interview schedule, administered through personal interviews and obser- vations to elicit information from 100 fish farmers using purposive and convenience sampling procedure. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive, budgetary and inferential statistics. The study revealed that the mean age, male, married, household size, educated and fish farm- ing experience were 41 years, 83.0%, 87.0%, 5 persons, 96.0% and 8 years, respectively. Earthen fish ponds users earned mean revenue of ₦3,322,189.85 with gross margin of ₦2,188,397.89 while concrete tank users earned ₦2,412,271.08 with gross margin of ₦1,413,299.46. The results showed profitability indices (0.61 and 0.47), Variable Cost ratio (0.35 and 0.30), Benefit Cost Ratio (2.55 and 1.89), Gross ratio (0.40 and 0.54) and Expenses structure ratio (0.13 and 0.23) for both the earthen ponds and concrete fish tanks, respectively. There were significant differences (t = 42.53, p≤0.05) between the profit level of earthen fish ponds and con- crete tanks. Major constraints affecting economic status of the respond- ents were high cost of quality feed, insufficient funds, poaching and poor marketing channel. In conclusion, aquaculture is a more profitable and vi- able business regardless of the culture system. Government should assist the fish farmers by subsidizing feeds cost, granting and monitoring of loan. © The Author(s) 2014. Published by University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture. All rights reserved.	Comparative evaluation; Concrete tanks; Earthen fish ponds; Economic benefits; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903935462	Impact of microfinance bank loan on aquaculture development in Ogun State, Nigeria	Jacob O.O., Christianah O.O.	2013	Pertanika Journal of Social Science and Humanities	21	3	None	Agricultural Media Resources and Extension Centre, University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	Jacob, O.O., Agricultural Media Resources and Extension Centre, University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Christianah, O.O., Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	This study was conducted to assess the impacts of microfinance bank loan on beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries aquaculturists in Ogun state, Nigeria. A total of eighty aquaculturists (40 beneficiaries and 40 non-beneficiaries) were randomly selected from four agricultural extension zones, as classified by Ogun State Agricultural Development Programme (OGADEP). Data collected were scored and the percentages of the parameters were calculated appropriately. The types of loan disbursed to beneficiaries revealed that 27.5% was in kind, 7.5% in cash, and the remaining 65% was both in cash and kind. The credit package ranged between N50,000 and N250,000, with 40% of them ranging between N 100,001 and N150,000 were approved, and 70% of the loans were released timely. The results obtained from the membership of cooperative showed that 87.5% of the beneficiaries and 37.5% of the non-beneficiaries were cooperators. Meanwhile, 65% of the beneficiaries earned a higher income (N62,500), while only 42.5% of the non-beneficiaries earned this amount per respondent. Major constraints hindering aquaculture development in the study area include high cost of feeding, poor marketing channel, lack of adequate capital and high cost of investment. Lastly, recommendations are made for the financial institutions, government and other lending institutions on how to improve the livelihood of the aquaculturists, i.e. by increasing the loans that are usually granted. © Universiti Putra Malaysia Press.	Aquaculture; Constraints; Loan and microfinance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880673961	Nutritional evaluation of different sources of nitrogen on digestible nutrient intake, nitrogen balance and production of rumen metabolites in growing Yankasa sheep	Abubakar M., Adegbola T.A., Abubakar M.M., Shehu Y., Ngele M.B., Kalla D.J.U.	2010	Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture	22	4	None	Animal Production Program, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, PMB 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria; Department of Biological Sciences, School of The Environment and Society, Singleton Park SA2 8PP, Swansea University, United Kingdom	Abubakar, M., Animal Production Program, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, PMB 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria, Department of Biological Sciences, School of The Environment and Society, Singleton Park SA2 8PP, Swansea University, United Kingdom; Adegbola, T.A., Animal Production Program, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, PMB 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria; Abubakar, M.M., Animal Production Program, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, PMB 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria; Shehu, Y., Animal Production Program, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, PMB 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria; Ngele, M.B., Animal Production Program, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, PMB 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria; Kalla, D.J.U., Animal Production Program, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, PMB 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria	A study was conducted to evaluate digestible nutrient intake, nitrogen balance and rumen metabolites in twenty growing Yankasa rams fed urea and /or sundried broiler litter (SDBL) as a partial or complete replacement for cotton seed cake (CSC) in diets for 90 days. The diets were: 1(CSC; control), 2(urea), 3(urea/SDBL), 4(CSC/urea) and 5(CSC/SDBL). The results indicated difference (P<0.05) in DM intake across diets, with animals fed CSC, urea and CSC/urea having the highest values (543.1, 523.4 and 483.6 g/day respectively), while those fed urea/SDBL and CSC/SDBL ((459.5 and 424.3g/day respectively) had the lowest feed intake. Mean digestible CP intake differed (P<0.001)across the diets and the values were higher for rams fed CSC and urea (75.7 and 72.7g/day) and lowest for those on CSC/SDBL (49.0g/day). However, mean digestible ADF intake was similar among the diets. A positive nitrogen balance was observed for all animals across the treatments, with significant (P<0.05) differences between treatments ranging from 4.3g/day for rams fed CSC/SDBL to 7.5g/day for those on urea. pH decreased with time after feeding. At 3 hrs post feeding, pH was highest (P<0.01) for rams fed CSC/SDBL and CSC/urea (6.9) and lowest for those on urea alone (6.1) and CSC (6.2). There was a gradual increase in the concentrations of both rumen ammonia-N (RAN) and total volatile fatty acids (VFA) after feeding. Rams fed urea and urea/SDBL (37.5 and 34.2mg/100ml respectively) had the highest (P<0.001) RAN concentration 3 hrs after feeding, while those on the other diets recorded the lowest. On the other hand, rams fed CSC/SDBL (13.1mmol/100ml) had the highest (P<0.001) VFA concentrations while those on urea the lowest (10.5mmol/100ml). It was concluded from this study that diets containing urea and CSC/urea fed to Yankasa sheep gave results comparable to those fed cotton seed cake (control), which are better than for those fed sundried broiler litterbased diets in terms of digestible nutrients intake, positive nitrogen balance and production of adequate rumen ammonia-N. However, rams fed CSC/SDBL had a better concentration of total volatile fatty acids of rumen fluid after feeding.	Nitrogen balance; Nitrogen sources; Nutrient intake; Rumen metabolites; Yankasa sheep	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84878992794	Evaluation of the undergraduate physics programme at indira gandhi national open university: A case study	Mishra A., Vijayshri, Garg S.	2009	International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning	10	6	None	BJB College, Bhubaneswar, India; Indira Gandhi National Open University, India; National University of Lesotho, South Africa	Mishra, A., BJB College, Bhubaneswar, India; Vijayshri, Indira Gandhi National Open University, India; Garg, S., National University of Lesotho, South Africa	The undergraduate science programme was launched at the Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) in 1991-92 with an enrolment of 1,210 students. The programme was well received, and enrolments increased over the years. However,the success rates have not kept pace with enrolment. In this paper, the authors report the results of an evaluation of the undergraduate physics programme at IGNOU. The evaluation, the first of its type for this programme, adapted the major tenets of the CIPP model. The findings are based on the responses from a randomly chosen sample of 509 learners across India. The methods employed for the study include records, document, and database analysis, surveys, and case studies. Although the University has enhanced access to higher science education, the attrition rate is high (73%), and the success rate is low. The authors recommend that the University review and reorient its strategies for providing good quality, learner-centred higher education in science subjects. The programme should address the concerns of the learners about the effectiveness of the student support systems, the difficulty level, and the learner-friendliness of study materials with the goal of achieving long-term sustainability while maintaining parity with the conventional system. The need for improving the presentation of the courses and simplifying the mathematical details is emphasised.	Open learning; Physics; Science education	None	None
WoS	WOS:000208237600006	An Evaluative Study of a Distance Teacher Education Program in a University in Ghana	Sampong, Kwasi Addo	2009	INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF RESEARCH IN OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING	10	4	None	Cent Univ Coll	None	The study used an adaptation of Provus' discrepancy evaluation model to evaluate a distance teacher education program in the University of Cape Coast, the premier teacher education institution in Ghana. The study involved comparing performance data of the program as perceived by students and faculty/administrators to standards prepared from the program's design. Performance data was obtained by administering two survey instruments to a random sample of students and faculty/administrators. Discrepancies between performance and standards were reported. The study concluded that although there were some discrepancies between program standards and performance the program is fulfilling its purpose of upgrading the professional and academic performance of a large number of teachers in the public K-8 schools in Ghana.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000242694600004	Development of a participatory monitoring and evaluation strategy	Forde, Sarah,Holte-McKenzie, Merydth,Theobald, Sally	2006	EVALUATION AND PROGRAM PLANNING	29	4	10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2006.08.007	Agriteam Canada Consulting Ltd, Moving Goalposts Kilifi, Univ Liverpool Liverpool Sch Trop Med	None	This paper describes the process of developing a participatory monitoring and evaluation strategy for a Kenyan youth-based NGO. The iterative nature of the study including the process of narrowing down indicators to measure and methods to monitor/evaluate these is well documented. A discussion on the extent to which the process achieved participation and was empowering for the participants reflects on existing power relationships and cultural context of Kenya and points to the need to create opportunities for youth where they engage with the broader community. Lessons that emerge out of the study focus on the importance of prioritizing monitoring and evaluation, the potential of youth to carry out effective monitoring and evaluation, and the need for researchers to engage respectfully with communities and participants. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd.	"capacity building",EMPOWERMENT,evaluation,MONITORING,participatory,YOUTH,HEALTH-CARE,"WOMENS EMPOWERMENT"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960421455	Comparative evaluation of different organic fertilizers on the soil fertility, leaf minerals composition and growth performance of dikanut seedlings (Irvingia gabonnesis L.)	Moyin-Jesu E.I.	2008	Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture	20	2	None	Agronomy Department, Federal College of Agriculture, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	Moyin-Jesu, E.I., Agronomy Department, Federal College of Agriculture, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	An experiment was carried out at Akure in the rainforest zone of Nigeria to determine the effectiveness, of ten organic fertilizers on plant growth, soil fertility, and leaf nutrients composition of dikanut seedlings in the nursery. The organic fertilizer treatments were applied at 8t/ha (40g/10kg soil) to each polybag, a reference treatment NPK 15-15-15 compound fertilizer applied at 2g NPK/10kg soil (400kg/ha) and a control treatment (no chemical fertilizer nor manure), arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) and replicated four times. The results showed that the organic fertilizers increased the seedlings' growth significantly (P<0.05), leaf and soil N, P, K, Ca, Mg, soil pH and O.M of dikanut compared to the control treatment. The oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure increased the plant height, leaf area, stem girth, leaf numbers and root length of dikanut seedlings by 22%, 50%, 33%, 21% and 49% respectively, when compared to the NPK chemical fertilizer treatment. It also increased the leaf N, P, K, Ca and Mg of dikanut seedlings by 35%, 37%, 39%, 36% and 65.3% respectively compared to the sole application of poultry manure. Oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure treatment increased the soil pH, O.M, N. P, K, Ca, Mg by 6%, 13%, 19%, 28%, 32%, 33% and 21% respectively compared to the cocoa husk + spent grain treatment. Therefore the, oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure applied at 8t/ha was the most effective treatment in increasing growth, soil and leaf parameters of dikanut seedlings.	Dikanut seedlings; Growth performance; Leaf mineral composition; Organic fertilizers; Soil fertility	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84865618859	Comparative evaluation of modified neem leaf, wood ash and neem leaf extracts for seed treatment and pest control in maize (Zea mays L.)	Moyin-Jesu E.I.	2010	Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture	22	1	None	Agronomy Department, Federal College of Agriculture, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	Moyin-Jesu, E.I., Agronomy Department, Federal College of Agriculture, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	An experiment was conducted at Akure, rainforest zone of Nigeria to evaluate the effectiveness of neem leaf, wood ash extracts, modified neem leaf extract, Apron star 42WS and Karate 720EC as seed treatment and pest control in maize. The organic treatment extracts namely neem leaf extract, wood ash extract applied at 1200ml per hectare and modified neem leaf extract (1:1 ratio 600ml wood ash + 600ml neem leaf extract) were compared with Apron star 42WS (seed treatment), Karate 720EC and control treatment (no neem leaf, wood ash extracts nor Karate),replicated four times and arranged in randomized complete block design. The results showed that there were significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) in the germination counts, insect population, number of damaged leaves, growth and yield parameters of maize under different treatments compared to the control treatment. The modified neem leaf extract performed better in germination counts, reduction of damaged leaves, insect population and yield of maize than the sole application of neem leaf and wood ash. For percentage germination counts, Apron star 42WS had 65% followed by modified neem leaf extract (57%), wood ash extract (51%), neem leaf extract (47%) respectively. Modified neem leaf extract increased the leaf area, plant height and stem girth of maize by 8%, 5% and 7% respectively compared to the neem leaf (sole) extract. Generally, modified neem leaf extract had the best values of maize growth parameters followed by Karate, neem leaf and wood ash extracts respectively. Modified neem leaf extract decreased significantly the insect population, number of damaged leaves and number of holes per plant in maize by 33%, 70% and 30% respectively compared to the neem leaf extract (sole). When compared to modified neem extract, Karate decreased the number of damaged leaves per sample plot by 33%. However, there was no significant difference between karate and modified neem extract for insect population. For yield parameters, modified neem leaf extract significantly increased the maize yield gains by 15%, 14% and 2% compared to neem leaf, wood ash extracts and karate treatments respectively. However, wood ash and neem leaf extracts did not affect significantly the maize yield. Therefore, the modified neem leaf extract applied at 1200L/ha (3L/25m2) was most effective for pest control and seed treatment in maize crop.	Modified neem leaf; Neem leaf; Pest control and maize; Wood ash extract	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84878793878	Comparative evaluation of different organic fertilizers on the soil fertility, leaf mineral composition and growth of bitter kola seedlings	Moyin-Jesu E.I., Adeofun C.O.	2008	Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture	20	1	None	Agronomy Department, Federal College of Agriculture, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; College of Environmental Studies, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	Moyin-Jesu, E.I., Agronomy Department, Federal College of Agriculture, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; Adeofun, C.O., College of Environmental Studies, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	The effect of oil palm bunch ash, spent grain, poultry and turkey manures applied solely and their supplemented forms, as sources of fertilizer on soil fertility, leaf mineral composition and growth of bitter kola (Garnicia colae) seedlings was investigated at Akure in the rainforest zone of Nigeria. The eight organic fertilizer treatments: spent grain, oil palm bunch ash, poultry manure, turkey manure, spent grain + poultry manure, spent grain + turkey manure, oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure and oil palm bunch ash + turkey manure were applied at 40g per 10kg soil filled polybag (8t/ha dry weight) with a reference treatment 400kg/ha NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer (2g per bag) and arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) and replicated three times. The supplemented or amended treatments were applied at a 50:50% by weight (20g each). The results showed that these organic fertilizers increased the growth parameters, soil and leaf N, P, K, Ca and Mg, soil pH and organic matter significantly (P<0.05) compared to the control treatment. The supplements of oil palm bunch ash and wood ash with poultry and turkey manures increased consistently the growth, soil and leaf mineral compared to their sole forms. Oil pal bunch ash + poultry manure increased the leaf N (52%), P (27%), K (44%), Ca (39%) and Mg (51%) compared to the sole application of poultry manure. When compared with NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer, the oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure treatment increased the plant height (40%) leaf area (50%), stem girth (45%) number of leaves (53%), and fresh shoot weight (29%). For soil chemical composition, the oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure treatment increased the soil pH (28%), O.M. (92%), P (26.3%), Ca (99%), Mg (98%) and Na (93%) compared to the NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer. However, the NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer increased the soil K by 11% compared to the former. The high soil K/Ca, K/Mg and P/Mg ratios in the NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer treatment led to an imbalance in the supply of P, K, Ca and Mg nutrient to bitter kola seedlings. In these experiments, oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure applied at 8t/ha was most effective treatment in improving bitter kola growth parameters, soil and leaf mineral composition.	Bitter kola seedlings.; Growth parameters; Leaf mineral composition; Organic fertilizer; Soil fertility	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84875021820	Comparative evaluation of different organic fertilizer on the soil fertility, leaf mineral composition, and growth performance of mango seedlings (Magnifera indica L.)	Moyin-Jesu E.I., Adeofun C.O.	2008	Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture	20	1	None	Agronomy Department, Federal College of Agriculture, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria; College of Environmental Studies, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	Moyin-Jesu, E.I., Agronomy Department, Federal College of Agriculture, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria; Adeofun, C.O., College of Environmental Studies, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria	An investigation was carried out at Akure in the rainforest of Nigeria to determine the effectiveness of sole and amended oil palm bunch ash and spent grain with poultry and turkey manures as sources of fertilizers on the growth of mango seedlings (Magnifera indica L) in the nursery. Eight organic fertilizer treatments, spent grain, oil palm bunch ash, poultry manure, turkey manures (sole forms), oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure, oil palm bunch ash + turkey manure, spent grain + poultry manure, spent grain + turkey manure, were applied at 8t/ha (40g per 10kg soil filled poly bag) with an NPK fertilizer 400kg/ha (2g per bag) treatment as a reference and a control (no fertilizer; no manure), replicated three times and arranged in a completely randomized design. The results showed that the organic fertilizers increased significantly (P<0.05) plant height, leaf area, stem girth, number of leaves of mango seedlings and root length, soil and leaf N, P, K, Ca and Mg, soil pH and organic matter contents relative to the control treatment. Oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure treatment increased the plant height, stem girth, leaf area, leaf number and root length of mango seedlings by 22%, 24%, 1%, 27% and 10% respectively, compared to NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer treatment. Amended oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure treatment also increased the soil pH (H2O), O.M., N, P, Ca and Mg by 27%, 79%, 30%, 26%, 99% and 99.2% respectively compared to NPK fertilizer treatment. In addition, it also increased the leaf N, P, K, Ca and Mg by 37%, 45%, 18%, 35%, and 15% respectively compared to the oil palm bunch ash (sole) treatment. However, NPK 15- 15-15 fertilizers increased only soil K by 10% compared to the oil palm bunch ash (sole) treatment. The highest soil K/Ca, K/Mg and P/Mg ratios in NPK fertilizer treatment led to imbalance in the supply of P, K, Ca and Mg nutrients to mango. Oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure treatment applied at 8t/ha was the most effective treatment in improving mango growth parameters, leaf mineral composition, and soil fertility.	Growth performance and mango seedlings.; Leaf mineral composition; Organic fertilizers; Soil fertility	None	None
WoS	WOS:000327073900019	The impact of HIV status, HIV disease progression, and post-traumatic stress symptoms on the health-related quality of life of Rwandan women genocide survivors	Adedimeji, Adebola A.,Anastos, Kathryn,Cohen, Mardge H.,Gard, Tracy L.,Hoover, Donald R.,Mutimura, Eugene,Shi, Qiuhu	2013	QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH	22	8	10.1007/s11136-012-0328-y	Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York Medical College, Rush University, Rutgers State University, Yeshiva University, Kigali Hlth Inst	"Cohen, Mardge H.: Rush University","Hoover, Donald R.: Rutgers State University","Shi, Qiuhu: New York Medical College",	We examined whether established associations between HIV disease and HIV disease progression on worse health-related quality of life (HQOL) were applicable to women with severe trauma histories, in this case Rwandan women genocide survivors, the majority of whom were HIV-infected. Additionally, this study attempted to clarify whether post-traumatic stress symptoms were uniquely associated with HQOL or confounded with depression. The Rwandan Women's Interassociation Study and Assessment was a longitudinal prospective study of HIV-infected and uninfected women. At study entry, 922 women (705 HIV+ and 217 HIV-) completed measures of symptoms of post-traumatic stress and HQOL as well as other demographic, clinical, and behavioral characteristics. Even after controlling for potential confounders and mediators, HIV+ women, in particular those with the lowest CD4 counts, scored significantly worse on HQOL and overall quality of life (QOL) than did HIV- women. Even after controlling for depression and HIV disease progression, women with more post-traumatic stress symptoms scored worse on HQOL and overall QOL than women with fewer post-traumatic stress symptoms. This study demonstrated that post-traumatic stress symptoms were independently associated with HQOL and overall QOL, independent of depression and other confounders or potential mediators. Future research should examine whether the long-term impact of treatment on physical and psychological symptoms of HIV and post-traumatic stress symptoms would generate improvement in HQOL.	HIV,"post-traumatic stress disorder","QUALITY OF LIFE",RWANDA,WOMEN,"ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",DEPRESSION,DISORDER,INFECTION,PEOPLE,PREDICTORS,RAPE,SOUTH,TRAUMA,WORLD	None	None
WoS	WOS:000313314600007	Impact of a customized peer-facilitators training program related to sexual health intervention	AbdulRahman, Hejar,AbuSamah, Bahaman,Awaisu, Ahmed,Ibrahim, Auwal,Rampal, Lekhraj,Saad, Abdulmumin,Sabitu, Kabiru	2012	INTERNATIONAL HEALTH	4	4	10.1016/j.inhe.2012.09.002	Ahmadu Bello University, Johns Hopkins University, Universiti Putra Malaysia, University of Qatar	"AbdulRahman, Hejar: Universiti Putra Malaysia","AbuSamah, Bahaman: Universiti Putra Malaysia","Awaisu, Ahmed: University of Qatar","Rampal, Lekhraj: Universiti Putra Malaysia","Saad, Abdulmumin: Johns Hopkins University","Sabitu, Kabiru: Ahmadu Bello University",	This study aimed to develop and implement a customized training program related to the delivery of an integrated human immunodeficiency virus - sexually transmitted infections (HIV-STI) risk reduction intervention for peer-facilitators and to evaluate its immediate outcome including changes in trainee knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported competence and confidence. We developed and delivered a structured training program and materials about HIV and STI prevention in a university setting. The training was offered to candidate facilitators who were planned to be involved in a larger project, known as Integrated HIV-STI Risk Reduction Program. Ten candidate facilitators participated in the training program and completed both the pretest and posttest survey questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 17.0 software package and Wilcoxon signed rank test was applied to assess the impact of the training program. Overall, the trainees' performance in HIV-related and STI knowledge, attitude and stigma scores had significantly increased compared to the baseline.. The median scores for HIV and STI knowledge after the training significantly increased from 22.0 to 30.5 (p=0.007) and 8.0 to 9.5 (p=0.005), respectively, whereas the median score on the positive attitude towards HIV and STI prevention rose from 39.0 to 57.0 (p=0.011). Upon completion of the program, 80-100% of the trainees believed that they were competent and confident in performing most of the designed sexual health intervention activities. This preliminary study suggests that a customized on-site training program on sexual health intervention could significantly improve their knowledge, attitude and practice related to HIV-STI prevention. (C) 2012 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	HIV/AIDS,NIGERIA,Peer-facilitators,STI,TRAINING,YOUTH,ADOLESCENTS,"AIDS-RELATED KNOWLEDGE",ATTITUDES,BEHAVIOR,EDUCATION,HIV/AIDS,"HIV PREVENTION",SCHOOL,SOUTH-AFRICA,TRANSMITTED-DISEASES	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873716775	Performance of CareStart™ malaria Pf/Pv combo test for the diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax infections in the Afar Region, North East Ethiopia	Chanie M., Erko B., Animut A., Legesse M.	2012	Ethiopian Journal of Health Development	25	3	None	Aklilu Lemma Institute of Patho-biology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Chanie, M., Aklilu Lemma Institute of Patho-biology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Erko, B., Aklilu Lemma Institute of Patho-biology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Animut, A., Aklilu Lemma Institute of Patho-biology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Legesse, M., Aklilu Lemma Institute of Patho-biology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Background: CareStart™ Malaria Pf/Pv Combo test has shown encouraging results for the diagnosis of P. falciparum and P. vivax infections in Ethiopia. Nevertheless, the performance of the test could be affected by different factors like gene polymorphisms, excess heat and humidity. Hence, evaluation of the performance of the test in different settings in Ethiopia is vital for the routine diagnosis of malaria. Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of CareStart™ Malaria Pf/Pv Combo test for the diagnosis of P. falciparum and P. vivax infections in the Afar Region, Northeast Ethiopia. Methods: Finger prick blood samples were collected from a total of 1092 patients who had malaria symptoms and visited three different health facilities in the Afar Region. Giemsa-stained thin and thick blood smears were prepared and microscopically examined under 100 × magnifications for Plasmodium species identification and determination of parasitaemia. CareStart Malaria Pf/Pv Combo test was also performed as per the manufacturer's instructions. The sensitivity and the specificity of the test was determined using microscopy as gold standard. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of the test were 98.5% and 98.0% respectively, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 91.7% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 99.7% for the diagnosis of P. falciparum infection. The corresponding sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of P. vivax infection were 100% and 99.6% respectively, with PPV and NPV of 86.2% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed high sensitivity and specificity of CareStartTM Malaria Pf/Pv Combo test for the diagnosis of both P. falciparum and P. vivax infections in the study area, though additional study may be needed in the most peripheral hottest areas of the region.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84916594942	Health behaviour and self-reported academic performance among university students: An international study	Peltzer K., Pengpid S.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	27	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n27p998	ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Madidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhonpathom, Thailand; University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga, South Africa; HIV/AIDS/STIs/and TB (HAST), Human Sciences Research Council, Private Bag X41, Pretoria, South Africa	Peltzer, K., ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Madidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhonpathom, Thailand, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga, South Africa, HIV/AIDS/STIs/and TB (HAST), Human Sciences Research Council, Private Bag X41, Pretoria, South Africa; Pengpid, S., ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Madidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhonpathom, Thailand, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga, South Africa	The aim of this study was to investigate health correlates of academic performance among university students from 26 low and middle income and emerging economy countries. Using anonymous questionnaires, data were collected from 20222 university students, 41.5% men and 58.5% women, with a mean age of 20.8 years (SD=2.8), from 26 countries across Africa, Asia and Americas. Overall, 28.4% reported excellent or very good, 65.5% good or satisfactory and 6.2% not satisfactory academic performance. Multivariate linear regression found that that sociodemographic factors (younger age, coming from a wealthier family background, lack of social support and high intrinsic religiosity), health behaviours (trying to eat fibre, avoiding fat and cholesterol, high levels of physical activity, no illicit drug use, not drinking and driving), and better mental health (no severe sleep problem and no moderate or severe depression) were associated self-reported academic performance. Several clustering health behaviours were identified which can be utilized in public health interventions. © 2014, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Academic performance; Correlates; Multi-country; University students	None	None
WoS	WOS:000320019700006	Exploring impacts of multi-year, community-based care programs for orphans and vulnerable children: A case study from Kenya	Brooks, Mohamad,Bryant, Malcolm,Larson, Bruce A.,Masila, Juliana,Rohr, Julia,Wambua, Nancy,Wangai, Susan	2013	AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV	25	None	10.1080/09540121.2012.729807	Boston University, Benevolent Inst Dev Initiat, Christian Aid	"Brooks, Mohamad: Boston University","Bryant, Malcolm: Boston University","Rohr, Julia: Boston University",	The Community-Based Care for Orphans and Vulnerable Children (CBCO) program operated in Kenya during 2006-2010. In Eastern Province, the program provided support to approximately 3000 orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) living in 1500 households. A primary focus of the program was to support savings and loan associations composed of OVC caregivers (typically elderly women) to improve household and OVC welfare. Cross-sectional data were collected in 2011 from 1500 randomly selected households from 3 populations: program participants (CBCO group, n=500), households in the same villages as program participants but not in the program (the local-community-group = Group L, n=300), and households living in nearby villages where the program did not operate (the adjacent-community-group, Group A, n=700). Primary welfare outcomes evaluated are household food security, as measured by the Household Food Insecurity Access instrument, and OVC educational attainment. We compared outcomes between the CBCO and the subset of Group L not meeting program eligibility criteria (L-N) to investigate disparities within local communities. We compared outcomes between the CBCO group and the subset of Group A meeting eligibility criteria (A-E) to consider program impact. We compared outcomes between households not eligible for the program in the local and adjacent community groups (L-N and A-N) to consider if the adjacent communities are similar to the local communities. In May-June 2011, at the end of the OVC program, the majority of CBCO households continued to be severely food insecure, with rates similar to other households living in nearby communities. Participation rates in primary school are high, reflecting free primary education. Among the 18-22 year olds who were children during the program years, relatively few children completed secondary school across all study groups. Although the CBCO program likely provided useful services and benefits to program participants, disparities continued to exist in food security and educational outcomes between program participants and their non-OVC peers in the local community. Outcomes for CBCO households were similar to those observed for OVC households in adjacent communities.	"educational attainment","FOOD SECURITY","orphans and vulnerable children","village savings and loan associations"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903217902	Effects of different organic materials and npk fertilizer on the performance of maize [Utjecaj različitih organskih tvari i npk gnojiva na performance kukuruza]	Remison S.U., Eifediyi E.K.	2014	Poljoprivreda	20	1	None	Ambrose Alli University, Department of Crop Science, Ekpoma, Nigeria; University of Ilorin, Department of Agriculture, Ilorin, Nigeria	Remison, S.U., Ambrose Alli University, Department of Crop Science, Ekpoma, Nigeria; Eifediyi, E.K., University of Ilorin, Department of Agriculture, Ilorin, Nigeria	The interest in organic materials as soil fertility restorer is increasing due to the high cost and unavailability at the right time of inorganic fertilizer and the problem associated with residue disposal by burning which can further aggravate global warming. The effects of different organic materials and NPK fertilizer on the performance of maize were examined in field experiments carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma in a forest savanna transition zone of Edo State, Nigeria. The investigations were carried out during the 2008 and 2009 cropping seasons and involved the use of organic materials (wood shavings, rice hulls, kola husks and their combinations) and NPK fertilizer. The layout of the experiment was a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The results indicated that most of the organic materials, especially kola husk and mixtures with kola husk and NPK increased yield and its components. The treatments significantly increased the concentrations of N, P, K and Na in ear leaves and grains.	Maize yield; Rice hull and kola husk; Wood shavings	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84912561321	Transforming conflicts with information: Impacts of UN peace radio programmes in the Democratic Republic of Congo	Jacob J.U.-U.	2014	War and Society	33	4	10.1179/0729247314Z.00000000043	American University of Nigeria, Nigeria	Jacob, J.U.-U., American University of Nigeria, Nigeria	This paper examines the nature and impacts of two intervention radio programmes broadcast on Radio Okapi - the radio service of the UN mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUC) managed by the Swiss-based Hirondelle Foundation. A matched randomized rechnique was used to assign Rwandan Hutus and Congolese autochthons in South Kivu province to listen to one of the two programmes within their naturalistic contexts for thirteen months. Autochthon control groups listened to Gutahuka, while Hutu control groups listened to Dialogue Entre Congolais. At the end of the treatment, participants' perceptions of barriers to peace, descriptive and prescriptive interventions; victimhood and villainy; opportunities for personal development and civic engagement were assessed in sixteen focus groups across four towns. Two critical findings have emerged from the study: first, hate contents are not only ones that are overtly hateful - messages targeted at specific groups for the purpose of achieving behavioural change can lead to alienation and hostility towards the target group by non-target groups exposed to the messages; second, contextually associated individuals or social groups do not always have homogenous interpretation of media messages. At the core of audience engagement and interpretation is the idealogical orientation of messages that audiences are exposed to and how such messages interact with local epistemes including historical and subjective realities. The paper concludes that media intervention contents that purvey a narrative without first understanding how it interacts with other epistemic narratives and metaphors on ground, run the risk of deepening rifts between groups and escalating the conflict. © 2014 School of Humanities & Social Sciences, The University of New South Wales	Demobilisation; Dialogue entre congolais; Disarmament; Gutahuka; Information intervention; Repatriation	None	BIEA, British Institute in Eastern Africa
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880098112	Evaluation of specific gravity of potato varieties in Ethiopia as a criterion for determining processing quality	Abebe T., Wongchaochant S., Taychasinpitak T.	2013	Kasetsart Journal - Natural Science	47	1	None	Amhara Agricultural Research Institute, Adet Agricultural Research Center, P.O.Box 08, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Department of Horticulture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand	Abebe, T., Amhara Agricultural Research Institute, Adet Agricultural Research Center, P.O.Box 08, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Wongchaochant, S., Department of Horticulture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Taychasinpitak, T., Department of Horticulture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand	Specific gravity (SG) is the measure of choice for estimating dry matter (DMC) and starch content (SC) and ultimately for determining the processing quality of potato varieties. Evaluation of the SG of 25 potato varieties was carried out at three distinct locations in the Amhara region of Ethiopia with the main objectives of determining their culinary quality and most suitable areas of production. The varieties were planted in a 5 × 5 balanced lattice design of six replications during the 2011 rainy season. The results of the data analysis showed highly significant (P < 0.01) genotypic and location differences and significant (P < 0.05) genotype × environment interactions. The pooled SG values ranged from 1.058 to 1.102. The SG of tubers of the improved variety Belete was the highest while that of Menagesha was the lowest. Furthermore, the SG values for varieties grown at Debretabor were higher than those for the corresponding varieties grown at Adet and Merawi. The DMC and SC were computed based on the SG and showed significant (P < 0.01) genotypic variability. The highest DMC and SC were also obtained at Debretabor; thus, it is an ideal location to grow potatoes for high DMC and starch accumulation. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis identified CIP-392640.524, Zengena, Jalenie and Belete as stable genotypes with SG values above average.	Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis; Potato varieties; Processing quality; Specific-gravity; Variability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77249163163	Mobility and speciation of heavy metals in soils impacted by hazardous waste	Ogundiran M.B., Osibanjo O.	2009	Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability	21	2	10.3184/095422909X449481	Analytical/Environmental Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Ogundiran, M.B., Analytical/Environmental Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Osibanjo, O., Analytical/Environmental Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	This study describes the mobility and chemical fractionation of heavy metals (HMs) from a site impacted by auto battery slag that was generated from secondary lead smelting operations. Samples were collected from the waste pile and from the immediate surrounding soil at four depths to assess the migration and potential bioavailability of Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni and Zn. Total levels of the HMs and their fractionation were determined. The results indicate that highest levels of HMs are present in the uppermost layer with significant migration down the depth, thereby posing a threat to groundwater quality. In the fractions, the concentrations of the metals follow this sequence: Pb>Zn>Cd>Cr>Ni. The chemical fractions of Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni and Zn in the samples, expressed as mean concentrations of the sum of the individual chemical fractions, demonstrate that the HMs exist mainly in the non-residual fractions. For instance, the percentage of non-residual fractions of lead in the waste pile and the surrounding soil ranged from 48.9 to 95.6% and 69.4 to 98.3% respectively. The mobility factors of the heavy metals are significantly high indicating high potential mobility and bioavailable forms of these HMs. The high concentrations of the HMs particularly Pb in the non-residual fractions, as observed in this study, shows the impact of anthropogenic activities on enrichment of natural soil with bioavailable HMs. Consequently, there is a need to be cautious in the way waste that is generated from heavy metals projects is added to natural soil.	Bioavailability; Contamination; Fractionation; Heavy metals; Mobility factor	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77955024861	Broiler performance and bone strength minimally affected by either a simulated dusk or night-interruption photoperiod	Lewis P.D., Gous R.M., Tumova E.	2010	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	40	1	None	Animal and Poultry Science, School of Agricultural Sciences and Agribusiness, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville 3209, South Africa; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 165 21 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic, Czech Republic	Lewis, P.D., Animal and Poultry Science, School of Agricultural Sciences and Agribusiness, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville 3209, South Africa; Gous, R.M., Animal and Poultry Science, School of Agricultural Sciences and Agribusiness, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville 3209, South Africa; Tumova, E., Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 165 21 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic, Czech Republic	Two genotypes of male broilers were given 12 h of daily illumination; as a conventional photoperiod, with the final hour at reduced illuminance to simulate dusk, or with 1 h of the light given during the middle of the night. The lighting modifications had no significant effect on any performance variable or on tibial breaking strength. Feed intake was unaffected by the lighting treatments during either the 1-h dusk period or the night, but was inexplicably stimulated in the both experimental groups during the main photoperiod. © South African Society for Animal Science.	Bone strength; Broiler growth; Dusk; Photoperiod	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84947998995	Growth performance and nutrition-related serum metabolites in growing pigs fed on Acacia Tortilis leaf meal	Ndou S.P., Khanyile M., Chimonyo M.	2015	Livestock Science	182	None	10.1016/j.livsci.2015.10.003	Animal and Poultry Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada	Ndou, S.P., Animal and Poultry Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa, Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Khanyile, M., Animal and Poultry Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Chimonyo, M., Animal and Poultry Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa	The objective of the study was to determine the response in metabolites and growth performance in growing pigs fed on Acacia tortilis leaf meal-based diets using a dose-response trial. Forty-eight male hybrid pigs (28.5±2.18. kg BW) were individually penned and assigned in a complete randomized design to six experimental diets containing 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150. g/kg DM of A. tortilis leaf meal. Pigs were bled once after three weeks for biochemical analyses. An increase in A. tortilis resulted in quadratic reductions in ADFI (P<0.0001) and ADG (P<0.05), and linear decreases in G:F (P<0.001). Serum iron, cholesterol and total protein initially increased, and then started decreasing with incremental levels of A. tortilis. There was a quadratic increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P<0.001) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P<0.01) and a linear increase (P<0.001) in alkaline phosphatases (ALP) observed as A. tortilis inclusion increased. Using the broken-stick model, the optimum levels of leaf meals marking break points at which threshold values of ADG, serum iron, serum cholesterol and total protein occurred when A. tortilis was included at 64.8, 60.0, 87.1 and 63.2. g/kg DM, respectively. In conclusion, growth performance, serum iron and total proteins are reliable indicators of optimum inclusion levels of leaf meals in pigs. © 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V.	Acacia tortilis; Blood metabolites; Growing pigs; Optimum inclusion levels; Tannins	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880042718	Effects of within-litter birth weight variation of piglets on performance at 3 weeks of age and at weaning in a Large White×Landrace sow herd	Zindove T.J., Dzomba E.F., Kanengoni A.T., Chimonyo M.	2013	Livestock Science	155	42403	10.1016/j.livsci.2013.04.013	Animal and Poultry Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Genetics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Animal Production Institute, ARC, P. Bag X2, Irene 0062, South Africa	Zindove, T.J., Animal and Poultry Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Dzomba, E.F., Genetics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Kanengoni, A.T., Animal Production Institute, ARC, P. Bag X2, Irene 0062, South Africa; Chimonyo, M., Animal and Poultry Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa	The effect of piglet birth weight variation on subsequent weight variations and litter performance in Large White×Landrace sows is not well understood. The objective of the current study was to determine the relationship between within-litter birth weight coefficient of variation (CVB) and performance of piglets at 3 weeks and at weaning. A total of 1836 litter records, collected between January 1998 and September 2010 at the Agricultural Research Council (ARC), Irene, were used. The CVB had a linear relationship with survival at 3 weeks (SURV3) (b=-0.20; P<0.05) and within-litter weight coefficient of variation at 3 weeks (CV3) (b=0.50; P<0.05). Litters with high CVB had more deaths at 3 weeks (P<0.05). Increase of CV3 with CVB varied with parity (P<0.05). The rate of increase of CV3 with CVB was highest in Parity 1 (b=0.41) followed by Parity 2 (b=0.36) then middle aged (Parity 3-5) sows (b=0.32). There was no significant relationship between CVB and litter weight at 3 weeks (LWt3) or mean litter weight at 3 weeks (MWt3) (P>0.05). Weight variation at weaning was positively skewed (skewness value of 0.81). The survival to 3 weeks (SURV3) ranged from 13.3% to 100% with a mean of 87.6%. The CVB had a linear relationship with both within-litter weaning weight coefficient of variation (CVW) (b=0.50; P<0.05) and percent survival to weaning (SURVW) (b=-0.04; P<0.05). There was an unfavorable positive relationship between CVB with both CVW and SURVW. It can be concluded that litter performance at weaning is related to CVB. © 2013.	Coefficient of variation; Parity; Piglets; Survivability	None	None
WoS	WOS:000268766900003	Do the socioeconomic impacts of antiretroviral therapy vary by gender? A longitudinal study of Kenyan agricultural worker employment outcomes	Bii, Margret,Fox, Mathew P.,Larson, Bruce A.,McCoy, Kelly,Rosen, Sydney,Sawe, Fredrick,Shaffer, Douglas,Sigei, Carolyne,Simon, Jonathan L.,Wasunna, Monique	2009	BMC PUBLIC HEALTH	9	None	10.1186/1471-2458-9-240	Boston University, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Walter Reed Project	None	Background: As access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has grown in Africa, attention has turned to evaluating the socio-economic impacts of ART. One key issue is the extent to which improvements in health resulting from ART allows individuals to return to work and earn income. Improvements in health from ART may also be associated with reduced impaired presenteeism, which is the loss of productivity when an ill or disabled individual attends work but accomplishes less at his or her usual tasks or shifts to other, possibly less valuable, tasks. Methods: Longitudinal data for this analysis come from company payroll records for 97 HIV-infected tea estate workers (the index group, 56 women, 41 men) and a comparison group of all workers assigned to the same work teams (n = 2485, 1691 men, 794 women) for a 37-month period covering two years before and one year after initiating ART. We used nearest neighbour matching methods to estimate the impacts of HIV/AIDS and ART on three monthly employment outcomes for tea estate workers in Kenya - days plucking tea, days assigned to non-plucking assignments, and kilograms harvested when plucking. Results: The female index group worked 30% fewer days plucking tea monthly than the matched female comparison group during the final 9 months pre-ART. They also worked 87% more days on non-plucking assignments. While the monthly gap between the two groups narrowed after beginning ART, the female index group worked 30% fewer days plucking tea and about 100% more days on non-plucking tasks than the comparison group after one year on ART. The male index group was able to maintain a similar pattern of work as their comparison group except during the initial five months on therapy. Conclusion: Significant impaired presenteeism continued to exist among the female index group after one year on ART. Future research needs to explore further the socio-economic implications of HIV-infected female workers on ART being less productive than the general female workforce over sustained periods of time.	,ADULTS,HIV/AIDS,HIV-INFECTION,ILLNESS,PERFORMANCE,PRESENTEEISM,PREVALENCE,SECTOR,SICK,SOUTH-AFRICA	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84901061068	Koch's postulate in reproduction of broiler coccidiosis by co-infection with eight most common Eimeria spp.: A model for future evaluation of new biologics	Barbour E.K., Ayyash D.B., Shaib H., Bragg R.R., Azhar E., Iyer A., Harakeh S., Kambris Z., Kumosani T.	2014	International Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine	12	1	None	Animal and Veterinary Sciences Department, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon; Biochemistry Department, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Animal and Veterinary Sciences Department, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Nelson Mandela Drive, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa; Special Infectious Agents Unit - Biosafety Level 3, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Biochemistry Department, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Biology Dept, American University of Beirut, Lebanon	Barbour, E.K., Animal and Veterinary Sciences Department, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon, Biochemistry Department, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Ayyash, D.B., Animal and Veterinary Sciences Department, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon; Shaib, H., Animal and Veterinary Sciences Department, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon; Bragg, R.R., Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Nelson Mandela Drive, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa; Azhar, E., Special Infectious Agents Unit - Biosafety Level 3, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Iyer, A., Biochemistry Department, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Harakeh, S., Special Infectious Agents Unit - Biosafety Level 3, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Kambris, Z., Biology Dept, American University of Beirut, Lebanon; Kumosani, T., Biochemistry Department, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia	The purpose of this research is to establish a model of Koch's postulate for reproducing coccidiosis in broilers by co-infection with eight most common Eimeria spp. involved in this economic disease, in an attempt to use this model in future evaluation of new controlling biologics. Four groups of broilers each challenged at a different age (14, 21, 28, and 35 d) with an equivalent number of sporulated oocysts of eight Eimeria spp. had a reduction in their mean weight gain of 10.2% compared to the four parallel control groups of birds that were deprived of the challenge. The mean feed to live body weight conversion ratio increased significantly from 1.5 in the four unchallengedcontrol groups to 3.1 in the four challenged groups (P<0.05). The mean frequency of mortality increased up to 15% in the challenged groups in comparison to 5% in the controls. This higher mortality was associated in most challenged groups with significant increase in the mean lesion scores and mean oocyst count in the intestine compared to those observed in the controls. The benefit of this established model of Koch's postulate for reproducing coccidiosis in broilers, in future search of new controlling biologics, will be presented.	Chicken; Eimeria spp.; Koch's postulate; Lesions; Oocyst count; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80052234722	Evaluation of potato hash silage from two bacterial inoculants and their effects on the growth performance of grower pigs	Thomas R., Nkosi B.D., Umesiobi D.O., Meeske R., Kanengoni A.T., Langa T.	2010	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	40	5SUPPL.1	None	ARC: Animal Production Institute, P/Bag X2, Irene, 0062, South Africa; Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Free State Private Bag X 20539, Bloemfontein, 9300, Free State, South Africa; Outeniqua Research Farm, P.O. Box 249, George, 6530, South Africa	Thomas, R., Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Free State Private Bag X 20539, Bloemfontein, 9300, Free State, South Africa; Nkosi, B.D., ARC: Animal Production Institute, P/Bag X2, Irene, 0062, South Africa; Umesiobi, D.O., Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Free State Private Bag X 20539, Bloemfontein, 9300, Free State, South Africa; Meeske, R., Outeniqua Research Farm, P.O. Box 249, George, 6530, South Africa; Kanengoni, A.T., ARC: Animal Production Institute, P/Bag X2, Irene, 0062, South Africa; Langa, T., ARC: Animal Production Institute, P/Bag X2, Irene, 0062, South Africa	Potato hash was mixed with wheat bran at 7:3 ratio, treated with homofermentative LAB inoculant (BMF, bonsilage forte), heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (LFLB, Lalsil Fresh LB) and without LAB inoculant and ensiled in 210 L drums for 90 days. After 90 days of ensiling, concentrates that contained 40% potato hash silage (PHS) were formulated and the treatment groups were control (no silage), untreated PHS, BMF treated PHS and LFLB treated PHS. The diets were fed to 64 growing pigs (60 days old and 30.4 ± 2.3 kg body mass). The pigs were allocated in a complete randomized block design with four treatments, and each treatment consisted of eight boars and eight sows. Pigs were fed ad libitum, feed intake was measured daily while body masses were recorded at the start and weekly throughout the experimental period. The dry matter intake (DMI) was higher in the control diet (1062 g/kg) than in the untreated PHS diets (933 g/kg), BMF treated PHS (873 g/kg) and LFLB treated PHS (919 g/kg) diets, respectively. Pigs in the control group had higher final body weight (60.77 kg), average daily gain (ADG) (551 g/d) and better feed conversion rate (FCR) (4.92 g/g) at the end of the trial compared to those in other treatment groups. It can be concluded that potato hash silage produced with or without LAB inoculants had the same effect on the growth performance of growing pigs. However, further work is needed to evaluate the effects of higher dietary inclusion levels (>40 %) of ensiled potato hash on pig growth and reproductive performance. © South African Society for Animal Science.	Grower pigs; Growth performance; LAB inoculation; Potato hash	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-83455206593	Productive performance of three commercial broiler genotypes reared in the derived savannah zone of Nigeria	Olawumi S.O., Fagbuaro S.S.	2011	International Journal of Agricultural Research	6	11	10.3923/rjar.2011.798.804	Animal Breeding and Genetics Unit, Department of Animal Production and Health Sciences, Ekiti State University, PMB 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	Olawumi, S.O., Animal Breeding and Genetics Unit, Department of Animal Production and Health Sciences, Ekiti State University, PMB 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Fagbuaro, S.S., Animal Breeding and Genetics Unit, Department of Animal Production and Health Sciences, Ekiti State University, PMB 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	Carcass characteristics of three broiler strains reared on deep litter and under similar management practices and feeding regime to 8 weeks of age were compared. The broiler strains are Marshall, Arbor Acre and Hubbard. The obtained result showed that breed has significant (p<0.05) effect on live weight at 8 weeks. Marshall Genotype has higher (p<0.05) mean values and was superior to Arbor Acre and Hubbard in live body weight. In terms of other carcass traits, the former also recorded higher (p<0.05) mean values than the latter in carcass weight, dressing weight, eviscerated weight, carcass percentage, breast muscle weight, back muscle weight, thigh muscle weight, drumstick and heart weight. However, the three breeds recorded similar mean values in dressing percentage, abdominal fat weight, liver and gizzard weight. As regards sex effect, males were superior (p<0.05) to females in live body weight at 8 weeks, eviscerated weight, back muscle weight, thigh muscle weight and drumstick weight. However, the two sexes had similar mean values in dressing weight, dressing percentage, carcass weight, carcass percentage, breast weight, abdominal fat weight and edible giblets. There was significant (p<0.05) strain x sex interaction effects on all the traits considered. Regardless of the sex therefore, Marshall was more productive, feed efficient and gave more carcass yield than Arbor Acre and Hubbard when slaughtered at the same age under uniform management practices and environmental conditions. Males also yielded more meat than the females. For increased broiler meat production and maximum profit in the industry, Marshall breed is recommended to poultry farmers. © 2011 Academic Journals Inc.	Carcass; Dressing; Muscle; Strain; Trait	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892578494	Competitive forces influencing business performance of bicycle Taxis in Kisumu City, Kenya	Kokwaro P.L., Ajowi J.O., Kokwaro E.A.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	2	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n2p719	Box 30-40100, Kisumu, Kenya; School of Education, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga, University of Science and Technology, Kenya; Jaramogi Oginga Odinga, University of Science and Technology, Box 210 - 40601, Bondo, Kenya	Kokwaro, P.L., Box 30-40100, Kisumu, Kenya; Ajowi, J.O., School of Education, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga, University of Science and Technology, Kenya; Kokwaro, E.A., Jaramogi Oginga Odinga, University of Science and Technology, Box 210 - 40601, Bondo, Kenya	Whether domestically or globally, transport is the movement of people, goods and services from one place to another. It enables trade between people and organizations. Globally, transport is the key necessity for specialization. Domestically, not only is Kenya connected by various categories of transport infrastructure but even by different modes, each competing with the other to get the better of the market. In Kisumu City, for example, there is fierce business competition among minivans, locally known as matatus, rick - shaws, referred to in Kenya as tuk-tuks, motor cycles and bicycle taxis. Started in 1960s in Busia County along the Kenya/Uganda border, the bicycle taxis are significantly affected by the current business competition. Before this study commenced, a preliminary survey in April, 2011 indicated that the number of bicycle taxis in Kisumu City had dropped by 61%. Whereas the decline had been variously attributed to the threat of substitutes, new entrants, consumer bargaining power, supplier bargaining power and rivalry among the current competitors, it was not clear which factors influenced the decline and to what extent. Neither had there been any study done to establish the cause of the decline. This study intended to determine competitive forces influencing the business performance of bicycle taxis in Kisumu City. The study used Porter's Five Forces Framework, which analyses industry competition. Also, this study used cross sectional survey design to analyze and discover occurrences, since the researcher's intention was to describe events without manipulating variables. The study population was 632 bicycle taxi riders, 28 of whom came from the lake Market cluster, 90 in the stage market, 26 in Varsity plaza area and 77 in the Oile/Coca Cola square cluster. There were 99 in A-Z Anvi Emporium Cluster, 188 from Kibuye market cluster and 124 from Kondele cluster. A sample of 90 was obtained for analyzing bicycle taxi-riders in Kisumu City. Primary data was obtained through the administration of structured and semi structured questionnaires of the sample of 90 taxi-riders. Secondary data was obtained from journals, publications and from records of the Municipal Council of Kisumu. Quantitative data was analyzed using Chi square and Percentage techniques. The key findings of this study was that 60.97% of bicycle taxi riders in Kisumu City considered substitutes as the main competitive threat. The next most important competitive forces influencing business performance were new entrants at 57.31%, customer bargaining power at 52.43% and rivalry among current competitors at 42.68% respectively. The significance of this study is that it adds towards knowledge about the relevance of Porter's Five Forces Framework to small-scale business industries in developing countries like Kenya. Stakeholders in public transport, like the Government and researchers with an interest to improve public transport would also find this study useful. This study concludes that substitute public transport services are the major competitive threat to bicycle taxis in Kisumu City.	Business performance; Kisumu City; Public transport	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84872167285	Lactation performance of multiparous holstein cows fed a restricted total mixed ration plus legume and grass hay mixture	Muya M.C., Nherera R.V., Khekana T., Ramapuptla T.	2011	Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances	10	14	10.3923/javaa.2011.1779.1784	Animal Production Institute, Agricultural Research Council, South Africa; Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Pretoria, South Africa	Muya, M.C., Animal Production Institute, Agricultural Research Council, South Africa; Nherera, R.V., Animal Production Institute, Agricultural Research Council, South Africa; Khekana, T., Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Pretoria, South Africa; Ramapuptla, T., Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Pretoria, South Africa	This study was done to evaluate the effects of restricting Total Mixed Ration (TMR)and supplying Eragrostis curvula and Medicago sativa hay mixture adlib on lactation performance of mid-lactation multiparous Holstein cows. Twenty Holstein cows, averaging 598±73 kg body weight and 100 days in milk were assigned to either a 100% TJ\1R diet (control) or a 75% TMR-restricted diet. Cows on the 75% TMR-restricted diet had adlib access to E. curvula and M. sativa hay mixture (1: 1). The experiment included 2 weeks adaptation period and 4 weeks samphng period. Cows were milked twice daily. Total Dry Matter Intake (DMI), DMI as BW%, daily CP intake and intake of net energy for lactation were higher (p&lt;O.05) for cows on the 100% TMR than for cows on the 75% TMR. Cows in 75% TMR consumed 12.5% less total DM and 14.2% less kg DM as of BW% than cows ni 100% TMR Intake of NDF was not affected (p&gt;0.05) by treatment. Milk yield, milk fat% and yield (kg day-1) did not differ between treatments and averaged 29.2 kg day-1,3.70% and 1.08 kg, respectively. Feed efficiency ranged from 1.22-1.37 and tended to be higher (p&lt;0.10) with 75% TMR diet. Efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorous utilisation was not affected (p&gt;0.05) by treatments. Results suggest that TMR restriction to 75% during mid-lactation does not negatively impact milk production. © Medwell Journals, 2011.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904323956	Growth performance of feedlot weaners cattle fed diet containing different levels of cold press soya bean oilcake	Chipa M.J., Siebrits F.K., Ratsaka M.M., Leeuw K.-J., Nkosi B.D.	2010	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	40	5SUPPL.1	None	ARC-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X 2, Irene 0062, South Africa; Department of Animal Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X 680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa	Chipa, M.J., ARC-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X 2, Irene 0062, South Africa; Siebrits, F.K., Department of Animal Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X 680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Ratsaka, M.M.; Leeuw, K.-J.; Nkosi, B.D.	The value of cold press soya bean oil cake (CPSBOC) as the source of protein in beef cattle was evaluated. CPSBOC was included in the diets of beef weaners at different levels i.e. 0%, 6%, 13% and 20%. The control diet contained cotton seed oil cake (CSOC) as a protein source. The diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous. A total of 40 weaners (20 heifers and 20 steers) at an average weight of 192.3 ± 20 kg were used. The experiment was a randomized block design with ten replicates per treatment and was conducted over 98 days. The group mass of the steers (700 ± 7.80 kg) was significantly heavier when compared with the heifers (6480 ± 7.80 kg). The average daily gain (ADG) (1.5 ± 2.72) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (5.5 ± 0.051) of the steers was significantly better than the heifers (1.35 ± 2.72 and 5.7 ± 0.051, respectively) while the steers consume more feed (8.2 ± 14.4 kg) per day as compared to the 7.4 ± 14.4 kg consumed by heifers. The weaners that were fed the diet containing 6% and 13% inclusion of CPSBOC grew significantly better than the other treatments. According to this study, an inclusion level of CPSBOC of between 6 and 13% will yield suitable growth in feedlot cattle. More research is needed to determine the optimum inclusion level of CPSBOC. © South African Society for Animal Science.	Feed conversion ratio; Feed intake; Growth; Heifers; Steers	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896382538	Seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton in two tropical rivers of varying size and human impact in southeast Nigeria [Dinamica de temporada del fitoplankton en dos rios tropicales de tamaño e impacto humano variado en el sureste de Nigeria]	Idumah Okogwu O., Ugwumba A.O.	2013	Revista de Biologia Tropical	61	4	None	Applied Biology Department, Ebonyi State University, PMB 53, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	Idumah Okogwu, O., Applied Biology Department, Ebonyi State University, PMB 53, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; Ugwumba, A.O., Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	Phytoplankton occurrence and dynamics in rivers are mainly shaped by hydrophysical conditions and nutrient availability. Phytoplankton main structuring factors have been poorly studied in West African rivers, and this study was undertaken to identify these conditions in two tropical rivers that vary in size and human impact. For this, environmental variables and phytoplankton monthly samples were collected from the middle reaches of Asu and Cross rivers during an 18 months survey from March 2005-July 2006. Phytoplankton biomass (F=11.87, p=0.003), Shannon-Weiner diversity and species richness (F=5.93, p=0.003) showed significant seasonality in Asu but not in Cross River. Data was analyzed with Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and showed environmental differences between the two rivers, nitrate in Asu River (5.1-15.5mg/L) was significantly higher than Cross River (0.03-1.7mg/L), while PO4 (0.2-0.9mg/L) was significantly lower in Asu River compared to Cross River (0.03-2.6mg/L) (p&lt;0.05). Eutrophic factors (NO3) determined primarily phytoplankton dynamics in Asu River, especially during the dry season, whereas hydrophysical factors (depth, transparency and temperature) shaped phytoplankton in Cross River. Taxa indicative of an eutrophic condition, such as Euglena, Chlorella, Chlorococcus, Ceratium, Peridinium, Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Closterium, Scenedesmus and Pediastrum spp., were frequently encountered in the shallow impounded Asu River, while riverine species, such as Frustulia rhomboids, Gyrosigma sp., Opephora martyr and Surirella splendida dominated Cross River. A succession pattern was observed in the functional groups identified: Na/MP→TB→P (rainy→dry season) was observed in Asu River, whereas MP/D predominated in Cross River for both seasons. We concluded that, if nutrients predominate hydrophysical factors in shaping phytoplankton during dry season (half of the year) then, they are as important as hydrophysical factors structuring phytoplankton during rainy season (the other half).	Asu River; Cross River; Eutrophication; Functional group; Phytoplankton; West Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884538372	The impact of flooding on water quality, zooplankton composition, density and biomass in Lake Iyieke, Cross River-Floodplain, Southeastern Nigeria	Nwonumara N.G., Okogwu O.I.	2013	Zoology and Ecology	23	2	10.1080/21658005.2013.805015	Department of Applied Biology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria	Nwonumara, N.G., Department of Applied Biology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; Okogwu, O.I., Department of Applied Biology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria	The physico-chemical parameters, zooplankton composition, density and biomass of Lake Iyieke (Cross River- Floodplain, Nigeria) were studied monthly from February to December 2011 during pre-flood (February-May), flood (June-August) and post-flood (September-December) periods. The study was aimed at evaluating the response of zooplankton to seasonal flooding. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that temperature (28-35 C), PO4-P (0.10- 0.16 g/L), pH (6.50-6.80), transparency (0.17-0.98 m), conductivity (18.0-56.00 S/cm) and total dissolved solids (8.50-28.00 mg/L) were the main environmental variables that influenced zooplankton dynamics. Rotifers of the families Collothecidae, Collurellidae and the cladoceran Scapholeberi kingi were recorded in the lake for the first time. Rotifers were dominant in the pre-flood period, while microcrustaceans were dominant in the flood and post-flood periods. Contrary to our expectations, species richness (56 species) and density (527 ind/L) peaked during the pre-flood and flood periods, respectively. Based on our results and previous studies on the lake, we recommend undertaking a comprehensive study on this and other lakes within the Cross River basin in order to gain a clear understanding of the impact anthropogenic activities (dams and dredging) and climatic factors (that could alter the intensity and duration of flood) could have on zooplankton. © 2013 Nature Research Centre.	Biomass; Density; Flood; Lake Iyieke; Water quality; Zooplankton	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84882946114	Impact of intestinal microorganisms and protozoan parasites on drinking water quality in Harare, Zimbabwe	Dalu T., Barson M., Nhiwatiwa T.	2011	Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development	1	3	10.2166/washdev.2011.049	Aquatic Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, P. O. Box MP 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe	Dalu, T., Aquatic Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, P. O. Box MP 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe; Barson, M., Aquatic Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, P. O. Box MP 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe; Nhiwatiwa, T., Aquatic Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, P. O. Box MP 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe	The presence of microorganisms and their potential impacts on drinking water from boreholes, bowsers, lakes, rivers, springs, taps and wells was investigated in peri-urban settlements around Harare. Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Vibrio cholerae and faecal streptococci were present in all water sources except for the boreholes and bowsers. Rivers, lake and wells showed the greatest diversity of 10, 5 and 6 species and relative density (rd) of 90.9, 83.4 and 61.67% respectively for the protozoan parasites. Cryptosporidium was identified in groundwater sources; wells (rd = 8.3%) and springs (rd = 41.7%) and identified in tap water (rd = 6.23%) and the Mukuvisi River downstream (rd = 8.3%). Entamoeba histolytica, Cyclospora, Isospora belli, Trichuris trichiura and Giardia lamblia were found in all water sources. Eggs/larvae of intestinal parasites; Ascaris lumbricoides, Strongyloides, Rhabditis, Taenia sp. and Schistosoma mansoni were identified in different water sources. Faecal coliform levels had a significant effect on the water sources' water quality with p = 0.018 in all sites except for the borehole whilst faecal streptococci had no significant impact with p = 0.513. The presence of at least one microbial pathogenic organism and parasites in most of the water sources poses a threat to the water quality and is a human health risk in the study areas. © IWA Publishing 2011.	Coliforms; Drinking water; Harare; Microorganisms; Parasites; Protozoa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955614278	Ssperformance of poverty alleviation projects in South Africa: The case of Vhembe Districtin Limpopo Province	Tshitangoni M., Okorie A., Francis J.	2011	Scientific Research and Essays	6	5	None	Centre for Rural Development and Poverty Alleviation, School of Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa	Tshitangoni, M., Centre for Rural Development and Poverty Alleviation, School of Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa; Okorie, A., Centre for Rural Development and Poverty Alleviation, School of Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa; Francis, J., Centre for Rural Development and Poverty Alleviation, School of Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa	This paper presents the findings of a review of performance of poverty alleviation projects in Vhembe District of Limpopo Province in South Africa. Data were collected from 30 stratified randomly sampled poverty alleviation projects across the district. Five project strata, namely community gardens (n = 12), poultry (n = 8), piggery (n = 2), bakery (n = 2) and other projects, including juice making, brick making, stone crushing and coffin making (n = 6) constituted the sample. One hundred and eight (108) respondents representing the sampled projects were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Data were coded, processed and analyzed using the Microsoft Excel program and matrix of projects performance. Performance of projects differed by type. All the bakery projects were successful, followed by poultry (62%), community garden and other projects with 33% each. In contrast, all the piggery projects were performing poorly. Overall, the projects performed well (above the 50% threshold), based on the following indicators: availability of project funding, level of commitment by project members and skills as well as knowledge gained. Level of production, generation of income and profit, self-reliance and relevance of projects to addressing project members needs indicated that the projects did not perform well. The results of this study reflected areas of serious concern, in particular the low levels of production; irrelevance of projects to addressing project members needs; inability of projects to generate income and profit; and lack of self-reliance. Given the results of this study, it is desirable to evaluate the performance of all PAPs in the province. ©2011 Academic Journals.	Alleviation; Indicator; Performance; Poverty; Project	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84951964216	Effect of irrigation with diluted winery wastewater on the performance of two grass cover crops in vineyards	Fourie J.C., Theron H., Ochse C.H.	2015	South African Journal of Enology and Viticulture	36	2	None	ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Private Bag X5026, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Private Bag X8, Wellington, South Africa	Fourie, J.C., ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Private Bag X5026, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Theron, H., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Private Bag X8, Wellington, South Africa; Ochse, C.H., ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Private Bag X5026, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Pennisetum glaucum L. cv. Babala (pearl millet) established as a summer catch crop followed by Avena sativa L. cv Palinup (oats) established as a winter catch crop were irrigated with winery wastewater diluted to eight chemical oxygen demand (COD) levels ranging between 100 mg/L and 3 000 mg!L. The diluted wastewater treatments were compared to irrigation with river water. The dry matter production (DMP) of oats, if not preceded by pearl millet, tended to improve when irrigated with winery wastewater. Growth of pearl millet peaked during the period when 91% of the diluted winery wastewater was applied. Winery wastewater improved the DMP of pearl millet. No trends were observed in the nutrient levels of the above-ground growth of the two interception crops. However, Na levels increased over time. Using both species, too high levels of macro-nutrients were intercepted, but insignificant amounts of Na were removed. Irrigation with winery wastewater with COD levels between 1 500 mg/L and 2 500 mg/L may be sustainable if only pearl millet is employed as an interception crop. Fertiliser needed to maintain the nutrient balance in the soil resulted in an additional cost of approximately R2 800/ha/yr. However, the fodder may provide an income in excess of R15 000/ha/yr.	Catch crops; Cellar effluent; Chemical oxygen demand; Cover crops; Grapevine; Interception crops; Soil cultivation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-68949105688	Effects of season and regulated photoperiod on the reproductive performance of sows	Chokoe T.C., Siebrits F.K.	2009	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	39	1	None	ARC, Department of Reproduction Genetic Resources, Irene Animal Improvement Institute, Private Bag X02, Irene 0062, South Africa; Tshwane University of Technology, Department of Animal Sciences, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa	Chokoe, T.C., ARC, Department of Reproduction Genetic Resources, Irene Animal Improvement Institute, Private Bag X02, Irene 0062, South Africa, Tshwane University of Technology, Department of Animal Sciences, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Siebrits, F.K., Tshwane University of Technology, Department of Animal Sciences, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa	Reproductive performance of experimental commercial Dalland sows (n = 87) maintained under a constant photoperiod (10 h light and 14 h darkness) and control sows (n = 187) maintained under natural daylight length (10.4 h light in winter and 13.4 h light in summer) were compared. In early summer 4.1% of experimental sows returned to oestrus compared to 20.8% of the control sows. In late summer 9.1% of experimental sows returned to oestrus compared to 21.9% of the control sows. Reduced photoperiod improved the farrowing rate of experimental sows in the early summer breeding compared to the control group (95.4% and 81.3%, respectively). With winter breeding there was a small proportion of sows that returned to service in both groups (7.9% and 8.9%) while the farrowing rate was high in both groups (93.9% and 91.0% in the experimental and control groups, respectively). Litter sizes derived from early summer services were 11.4 and 11.6 for the experimental and control groups, respectively, while winter services led to litter sizes of 11.6 and 12.4 whereas in late summer services, regulated photoperiod had improved the litter size of the experimental group (12.3) compared to the control group (11.2). © South African Society for Animal Science.	Farrowing rate; Litter size; Regulated photoperiod; Return to oestrus; Season	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79951538989	Production and breeding performance of South African dairy herds	Theron H.E., Mostert B.E.	2009	South African Journal of Animal Sciences	39	SUPPL. 1	None	ARC-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X2, Irene 0062, South Africa	Theron, H.E., ARC-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X2, Irene 0062, South Africa; Mostert, B.E., ARC-Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X2, Irene 0062, South Africa	Comparisons between production and breeding potential of different feeding systems (Concentrates, Mixed and Pastures) in South Africa were made. Data of active cows participating in performance testing as at November 2007 were used. Holstein cows numbered 68280 in 254 herds and Jersey cows 51275 in 248 herds. Average milk production and lactation number were 8147 ± 2260 and 2.9 ± 1.8 for Holstein and 5347 ± 1156 and 3.1 ± 2.0 for Jersey, respectively. Most Holstein and Jersey herds (53%) were on Mixed rations, followed by Concentrates (28%) and Pastures (19%). Milk production was 9967 ± 2022; 6996 ± 1623 and 7143 ± 1549 kg for Holstein and 6385 ± 1233; 5155 ± 955 and 4753 ± 1022 kg for Jersey cows, respectively, for Concentrates, Mixed and Pasture systems. Most sires used were local (49% of Holstein sires and 68% of Jersey sires). Imported Holstein sires were mostly from USA (30%) and The Netherlands (17%), and foreign Jersey sires (26%) were mostly from the USA. Farmers seemed to select the same sires on the different feeding regimes. Differences between feeding regimes were significant. © South African Society for Animal Science.	Concentrates; Pasture systems; Sire selection	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70349648781	The influence of second language teaching on undergraduate mathematics performance	Gerber A., Harding A.F., Engelbrecht J., Rogan J.	2005	Mathematics Education Research Journal	17	3	10.1007/BF03217419	Arcus GIBB, PO Box 35007, Menlo Park, 0102, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Pretoria, 0002 Pretoria, South Africa; Science Education Research Group, University of KwaZuluNatal, Pietermartizburg Campus, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3202, South Africa	Gerber, A., Arcus GIBB, PO Box 35007, Menlo Park, 0102, Pretoria, South Africa; Harding, A.F., Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Pretoria, 0002 Pretoria, South Africa; Engelbrecht, J., Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Pretoria, 0002 Pretoria, South Africa; Rogan, J., Science Education Research Group, University of KwaZuluNatal, Pietermartizburg Campus, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3202, South Africa	Understanding abstract concepts and ideas in mathematics, if instruction takes place in the first language of the student, is difficult. Yet worldwide students often have to master mathematics via a second or third language. The majority of students in South Africa - a country with eleven official languages - has to face this difficulty. In a quantitative study of first year calculus students, we investigated two groups of students. For one group tuition took place in their home language; for the second group, tuition was in English, a second or even a third language. Performance data on their secondary mathematics and first year tertiary calculus were analysed. The study showed that there was no significant difference between the adjusted means of the entire group of first language learners and the entire group of second language learners. Neither was there any statistically significant difference between the performances of the two groups of second language learners (based on the adjusted means). Yet, there did seem to be a significant difference between the achievement of Afrikaans students attending Afrikaans lectures and Afrikaans students attending English lectures.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897839766	Land-use change and its socio-environmental impact in Eastern Ethiopia's highland	Meshesha D.T., Tsunekawa A., Tsubo M., Ali S.A., Haregeweyn N.	2014	Regional Environmental Change	14	2	10.1007/s10113-013-0535-2	Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan; Department of Geology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002 UP, India; Department of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection, Mekelle University, Tigray, P.O. Box 231, Mek'ele, Ethiopia; Institutes for Soil, Climate and Water, Agricultural Research Council, 600 Belvedere Street, Arcadia, Pretoria, 0083, South Africa	Meshesha, D.T., Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan; Tsunekawa, A., Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan; Tsubo, M., Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan, Institutes for Soil, Climate and Water, Agricultural Research Council, 600 Belvedere Street, Arcadia, Pretoria, 0083, South Africa; Ali, S.A., Department of Geology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002 UP, India; Haregeweyn, N., Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan, Department of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection, Mekelle University, Tigray, P.O. Box 231, Mek'ele, Ethiopia	The Alemaya district (Eastern Ethiopian highlands) is characterized by undulating physiographic features with arid, semi-arid, and humid climatic conditions. This study evaluated socio-environmental changes in land use and land cover during 1985-2011. Screen digitization on remotely sensed data (i.e., Landsat images from 1985 to 2011) was performed to produce 10 classes of land use and land cover. Then, final land-use maps were prepared using a geographic information system following field verification and accuracy assessment. The drying of water bodies, including the prominent lakes Alemaya, Adele, and Tinike, had been the most important environmental change observed. Degraded land, marsh, perennial cropland, and residential areas increased by 37, 438, 42, and 190 %, respectively, whereas grassland, plantation, shrubland, and temporal cropland decreased by 64, 11, 63, and 29 %, respectively. The increase in land degradation (+37 %), the other major observed problem, has made large areas unsuitable for agriculture and has reduced crop productivity. These land-use and land-cover changes have affected both the environment and the livelihoods of local residents; especially the issue related to land degradation requires urgent attention. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.	Alemaya; Image classification; Lake retreat; Land degradation; Land-use change; Satellite image	None	None
WoS	WOS:000267045500033	Multidimensional evaluation of managed relocation	Ashe, Daniel M.,Brennan, E. Jean,Camacho, Alejandro,Clark, Jamie Rappaport,Early, Regan,Etterson, Julie R.,Fielder, E. Dwight,Gill, Jacquelyn L.,Gonzalez, Patrick,Hellmann, Jessica J.,McLachlan, Jason S.,Minteer, Ben A.,Polasky, Stephen,Richardson, David	2009	PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA	106	24	10.1073/pnas.0902327106	Arizona State University, Brown University, Stanford University, Stellenbosch University, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), United States Forest Service, University of British Columbia, University of California Berkeley, University of California Davis, University of California System, University of Minnesota Duluth, University of Minnesota System, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, University of Notre Dame, University of Wisconsin Madison, University of Wisconsin System, Bur Land Management, USDA Forest Serv, US Fish & Wildlife Service	"Camacho, Alejandro: University of Notre Dame","Early, Regan: Brown University","Etterson, Julie R.: University of Minnesota Duluth","Etterson, Julie R.: University of Minnesota System","Etterson, Julie R.: University of Minnesota Twin Cities","Gill, Jacquelyn L.: University of Wisconsin Madison","Gill, Jacquelyn L.: University of Wisconsin System","Gonzalez, Patrick: University of California Berkeley","Gonzalez, Patrick: University of California System","Hellmann, Jessica J.: University of Notre Dame","McLachlan, Jason S.: University of Notre Dame","Minteer, Ben A.: Arizona State University","Richardson, David M.: Stellenbosch University","Safford, Hugh D.: United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)","Safford, Hugh D.: United States Forest Service","Sala, Osvaldo E.: Brown University","Sax, Dov F.: Brown University","Schwartz, Mark W.: University of California Davis","Schwartz, Mark W.: University of California System",	Managed relocation (MR) has rapidly emerged as a potential intervention strategy in the toolbox of biodiversity management under climate change. Previous authors have suggested that MR (also referred to as assisted colonization, assisted migration, or assisted translocation) could be a last-alternative option after interrogating a linear decision tree. We argue that numerous interacting and value-laden considerations demand a more inclusive strategy for evaluating MR. The pace of modern climate change demands decision making with imperfect information, and tools that elucidate this uncertainty and integrate scientific information and social values are urgently needed. We present a heuristic tool that incorporates both ecological and social criteria in a multidimensional decision-making framework. For visualization purposes, we collapse these criteria into 4 classes that can be depicted in graphical 2-D space. This framework offers a pragmatic approach for summarizing key dimensions of MR: capturing uncertainty in the evaluation criteria, creating transparency in the evaluation process, and recognizing the inherent tradeoffs that different stakeholders bring to evaluation of MR and its alternatives.	"assisted migration","CLIMATE CHANGE","CONSERVATION BIOLOGY","conservation strategy","sustainability science","ASSISTED COLONIZATION",CLIMATE-CHANGE,DEBATE,MIGRATION	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894078678	Evaluation of three-way maize (Zea mays L) hybrids for yield and resistance to maize streak virus and turcicum leaf blight diseases	Karavina C., Mandumbu R., Mukaro R.	2014	Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences	24	1	None	Bindura University of Science Education, Department of Crop Science, Private Bag 1020, Bindura, Zimbabwe; Department of Research and Specialist Services, Crop Breeding Institute, P. O. Box CY550, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe	Karavina, C., Bindura University of Science Education, Department of Crop Science, Private Bag 1020, Bindura, Zimbabwe; Mandumbu, R., Bindura University of Science Education, Department of Crop Science, Private Bag 1020, Bindura, Zimbabwe; Mukaro, R., Department of Research and Specialist Services, Crop Breeding Institute, P. O. Box CY550, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe	Maize, a staple food crop in sub-Saharan Africa and many other parts of the world, is affected by many diseases that reduce yield. Disease management has mainly been reliant on chemical and cultural control options. However, such options are unsustainable to the smallholder resource poor farmers and environmentally unfriendly. A study carried out at the Harare Research Station evaluated eight three-way and four commercial maize hybrids for yield and resistance to Maize streak virus using controlled leaf hopper infestation and Turcicum Leaf Blight under artificial inoculation. The objectives of the study were to identify hybrids that have multiple resistance to Maize streak virus and Turcicum Leaf Blight and to determine the relationship between disease severity and yield performance of the hybrids. The experiment was laid out in a split plot arrangement in a randomized complete block design with Disease type as the main plot factor while Maize hybrids were the subplot factor. Ratings of 1 (tolerant) to 5 (susceptible) based on streaked and blighted leaf surfaces were used. The hybrid 053WH54 had multiple resistance to Turcicum Leaf Blight and Maize streak virus. The hybrids 043WH61 and 043WH07 were high-yielding even at high disease pressure while 043WH41 and 013WH03 were relatively low yielding at low disease pressure. This showed the inherent genetic diversity of the hybrids. The hybrids ZS 225, 043WH61 and 043WH07 are recommended for production in areas with high prevalence of both diseases.	Hybrid; Maize streak virus; Resistance; Severity; Turcicum Leaf Blight; Yield	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893334876	Effects of job evaluation on decisions involving pay equity	Chaneta I.	2014	Asian Social Science	10	4	10.5539/ass.v10n4p145	Arts and Social Studies, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe	Chaneta, I., Arts and Social Studies, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe	Job evaluation's purpose is to compare all the jobs in the organisation, one with another, with the aim of producing a rank order. This rank order may be then be subdivided into groups of jobs of the same size which can, if desired, be placed within pay ranges or grades. While this approach is clearly more appropriate to large organisations, even in small organisations judgements have to be made about how one job compares with another, otherwise no decision can be made about relative pay and status. So, in effect, even where there is no formal method of job evaluation, jobs are evaluated in any case. It is really a question of how analytical the organisation wants to be.	Analytical; Appropriate; Pay ranges; Rank order; Relative pay; Subdivided	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873937678	Impact of locus of control expectancy on level of well-being	April K.A., Dharani B., Peters K.	2012	Review of European Studies	4	2	10.5539/res.v4n2p124	Ashridge Business School, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, 7701 Berkhamsted, HP4 1NS Cape Town, South Africa; Ashridge Business School, Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, HP4 1NS, United Kingdom	April, K.A., Ashridge Business School, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, 7701 Berkhamsted, HP4 1NS Cape Town, South Africa; Dharani, B., Ashridge Business School, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, 7701 Berkhamsted, HP4 1NS Cape Town, South Africa; Peters, K., Ashridge Business School, Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, HP4 1NS, United Kingdom	This paper investigates the impact of locus of control, a psychological social learning theory that is rigorously researched for its implications on leadership qualities, on the level of happiness of an individual. The primary research strategy employed was the survey strategy. Participants were asked to fill in a questionnaire that was designed to test, amongst other variables, their locus of control and level of happiness. The Spearman Rank Correlation hypothesis test was used to test the data for significance and strength of the relationship. As a secondary research approach, self-reflection documents written by research participants, on the topic of locus of control, were used to add personal expression to the discussion of the quantitative results. While academic literature vastly supports the view that leadership qualities are predominantly present in those with an internal locus of control, our research results conclude that a maximum level of happiness is achieved by individuals with a balanced locus of control expectancy - a mix of internal and external locus of control, alternatively known as 'bi-local expectancy'.	Bi-local; Expectancies; Happiness; Leadership; Locus of control; Subjective well-being	None	None
WoS	WOS:000305583300126	Towards Universal Health Coverage: An Evaluation of Rwanda Mutuelles in Its First Eight Years	Basinga, Paulin,Binagwaho, Agnes,Chin, Brian,Hill, Kenneth,Hirschhorn, Lisa R.,Lewandowski, Jiwon Lee,Lu, Chunling,Murray, Megan	2012	PLOS ONE	7	6	10.1371/journal.pone.0039282	Asian Development Bank, Harvard University, University of Rwanda	"Basinga, Paulin: University of Rwanda","Chin, Brian: Asian Development Bank","Hill, Kenneth: Harvard University","Hirschhorn, Lisa R.: Harvard University","Lewandowski, Jiwon Lee: Harvard University","Lu, Chunling: Harvard University","Murray, Megan: Harvard University",	Background: Mutuelles is a community-based health insurance program, established since 1999 by the Government of Rwanda as a key component of the national health strategy on providing universal health care. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of Mutuelles on achieving universal coverage of medical services and financial risk protection in its first eight years of implementation. Methods and Findings: We conducted a quantitative impact evaluation of Mutuelles between 2000 and 2008 using nationally-representative surveys. At the national and provincial levels, we traced the evolution of Mutuelles coverage and its impact on child and maternal care coverage from 2000 to 2008, as well as household catastrophic health payments from 2000 to 2006. At the individual level, we investigated the impact of Mutuelles' coverage on enrollees' medical care utilization using logistic regression. We focused on three target populations: the general population, under-five children, and women with delivery. At the household level, we used logistic regression to study the relationship between Mutuelles coverage and the probability of incurring catastrophic health spending. The main limitation was that due to insufficient data, we are not able to study the impact of Mutuelles on health outcomes, such as child and maternal mortalities, directly. The findings show that Mutuelles improved medical care utilization and protected households from catastrophic health spending. Among Mutuelles enrollees, those in the poorest expenditure quintile had a significantly lower rate of utilization and higher rate of catastrophic health spending. The findings are robust to various estimation methods and datasets. Conclusions: Rwanda's experience suggests that community-based health insurance schemes can be effective tools for achieving universal health coverage even in the poorest settings. We suggest a future study on how eliminating Mutuelles copayments for the poorest will improve their healthcare utilization, lower their catastrophic health spending, and affect the finances of health care providers.	,ASIA,CARE,CHINA,COUNTRIES,IMPACT,INSURANCE,OUT-OF-POCKET,PAYMENTS,SERVICES	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953415633	Impact of heavy metal contamination of Akaki river of Ethiopia on soil and metal toxicity on cultivated vegetable crops	Prabu P.C.	2009	Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry	8	9	None	Assistant Professor and PG Coordinator (Env.Science), Ambo University College, Ambo, Ethiopia	Prabu, P.C., Assistant Professor and PG Coordinator (Env.Science), Ambo University College, Ambo, Ethiopia	This study was conducted to assess the extent of heavy metal contamination of vegetables due to irrigation with polluted Akaki River water, Ethiopia on agricultural land. Samples of water, soil and different vegetables grown using Akaki River water have been analysed for seven heavy metals Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe and Ni using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results show that the heavy metals in Akaki water were higher than the natural elemental levels in freshwater. The heavy metals content in soil was higher than vegetable samples and the reason might be due to their strong adsorptive nature in soil (vertisol). The concentration of Cr in all vegetables was more than the maximum limit. The Cd accumulation was more in leafy vegetables than other vegetables under study. Metal transfer factors from soil to vegetables were significant for Zn, Mn, Cu, Fe and Cd and accumulation of Cr and Ni was comparatively less while that of Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn is more in vegetable plants.	Akaki water; Heavy metals; Soil; Vegetables and transfer factor	None	None
WoS	WOS:000327280400014	Evaluation of an External Quality Assessment Program for HIV Testing in Haiti, 2006-2011	Anselme, Renette,Balajee, S. Arunmozhi,Boncy, Jacques,Buteau, Josiane,Dahourou, Georges,Louis, Frantz Jean,Marston, Barbara,Ndongmo, Clement,Vertefeuille, John	2013	AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY	140	6	10.1309/AJCPYWX49IZSQKFS	Assoc Publ Hlth Labs, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent	None	Objectives: To evaluate an external quality assessment (EQA) program for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) rapid diagnostics testing by the Haitian National Public Health Laboratory (French acronym: LNSP). Acceptable performance was defined as any proficiency testing (PT) score more than 80%. Methods: The PT database was reviewed and analyzed to assess the testing performance of the participating laboratories and the impact of the program over time. A total of 242 laboratories participated in the EQA program from 2006 through 2011; participation increased from 70 laboratories in 2006 to 159 in 2011. Results: In 2006, 49 (70%) laboratories had a PT score of 80% or above; by 2011, 145 (97.5%) laboratories were proficient (P &lt; .05). Conclusions: The EQA program for HIV testing ensures quality of testing and allowed the LNSP to document improvements in the quality of HIV rapid testing over time. (C) American Society for Clinical Pathology	"EXTERNAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT","HIV rapid tests","PROFICIENCY TESTING",DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES,PROFICIENCY,SETTINGS	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924755802	Impact of anisotropic stresses during dissipative gravitational collapse	Reddy K.P., Govender M., Maharaj S.D.	2015	General Relativity and Gravitation	47	4	10.1007/s10714-015-1880-x	Astrophysics and Cosmology Research Unit, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa	Reddy, K.P., Astrophysics and Cosmology Research Unit, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa; Govender, M., Astrophysics and Cosmology Research Unit, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa; Maharaj, S.D., Astrophysics and Cosmology Research Unit, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa	We employ a perturbative scheme to study the evolution of a spherically symmetric stellar body undergoing gravitational collapse in the presence of heat dissipation and anisotropic stresses. The Bowers and Liang static model is perturbed, and its subsequent dynamical collapse is studied in the linear perturbative regime. We find that anisotropic effects brought about by the differences in the radial and tangential pressures render the core more unstable than the cooler surface layers. An analysis of the temperature profiles in the interior of the collapsing body shows that the temperature is enhanced in the presence of pressure anisotropy. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York.	Anisotropic stresses; Causal thermodynamics; Dissipative collapse	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896693226	Comparison of HI and optical redshifts of galaxies - The impact of redshift uncertainties on spectral line stacking	Maddox N., Hess K.M., Blyth S.-L., Jarvis M.J.	2013	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society	433	3	10.1093/mnras/stt934	Astrophysics, Cosmology and Gravity Centre (ACGC), Astronomy Department, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, 7701 Rondebosch, South Africa; Oxford Astrophysics, Denys Wilkinson Building, University of Oxford, Kehle Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom; Physics Department, University of the Western Cape, 7535 Cape Town, South Africa	Maddox, N., Astrophysics, Cosmology and Gravity Centre (ACGC), Astronomy Department, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, 7701 Rondebosch, South Africa; Hess, K.M., Astrophysics, Cosmology and Gravity Centre (ACGC), Astronomy Department, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, 7701 Rondebosch, South Africa; Blyth, S.-L., Astrophysics, Cosmology and Gravity Centre (ACGC), Astronomy Department, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, 7701 Rondebosch, South Africa; Jarvis, M.J., Oxford Astrophysics, Denys Wilkinson Building, University of Oxford, Kehle Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom, Physics Department, University of the Western Cape, 7535 Cape Town, South Africa	Accurate optical redshifts will be critical for spectral co-adding techniques used to extract detections from below the noise level in ongoing and upcoming surveys for neutral hydrogen (HI), which will extend our current understanding of gas reservoirs in galaxies to lower column densities and higher redshifts. We have used existing, high-quality optical and radio data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA survey to investigate the relationship between redshifts derived from optical spectroscopy and HI spectral line observations. We find that the two redshift measurements agree well, with a negligible systematic-offset and a small distribution width. Employing simple simulations, we determine how the width of an ideal stacked HI profile depends on these redshift offsets, as well as larger redshift errors more appropriate for high-redshift galaxy surveys. The width of the stacked profile is dominated by the width distribution of the input individual profiles when the redshift errors are less than the median width of the input profiles, and only when the redshift errors become large, ∼ 150 km s-1, do they significantly affect the width of the stacked profile. This redshift accuracy can be achieved with moderate-resolution optical spectra. We provide guidelines for the number of spectra required for stacking to reach a specified mass sensitivity, given telescope and survey parameters, which will be useful for planning optical spectroscopy observing campaigns to supplement the radio data.© 2013 The Authors.	Galaxies: Distances and redshifts; Radio lines: galaxies; Surveys	None	None
WoS	WOS:000306406400015	The impact of peer outreach on HIV knowledge and prevention behaviours of male sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya	Geibel, Scott,King'ola, Nzioki,Luchters, Stanley,Temmerman, Marleen	2012	SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS	88	5	10.1136/sextrans-2011-050224	Austin Research Institute, Ghent University, Burnet Inst, ICRH	None	Introduction Targeting most at-risk populations is an essential component of HIV prevention strategies. Peer education programmes have been found to increase HIV knowledge, condom use and safer sex behaviours among female sex workers in Africa and men who have sex with men elsewhere. The authors aimed to evaluate the impact of a peer-driven intervention on male sex workers who sell sex to men in Mombasa, Kenya. Methods Using time-venue sampling, a baseline survey of 425 male sex workers was conducted in late 2006, after which, 40 peer educators were trained in HIV prevention, basic counselling skills and distribution of condoms and lubricants. A follow-up time-venue survey of 442 male sex workers was conducted in early 2008, and pre- and post-intervention changes were examined. The impact of peer educator exposure on HIV knowledge and condom use was analysed. Results Positive changes in HIV prevention behaviours were observed, including increases in consistent use of condoms with both male clients (35.9%-50.2%, p&lt;0.001) and non-paying male partners (27.4%-39.5%, p=0.008). Exposure to peer educators (AOR=1.97, 95% CI 1.29 to 3.02) and ever having been counselled or tested for HIV (AOR=1.71, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.66) were associated with consistent condom use in multivariate analysis. Peer educator contact was also associated with improved HIV knowledge and use of water-based lubricants. Conclusions Peer outreach programming reached highly stigmatised male sex workers in Mombasa, resulting in significant, but limited, improvements in HIV knowledge and prevention behaviours. Improved peer coverage and additional prevention initiatives are needed to sufficiently mitigate HIV transmission.	,MEN	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33847330634	Impact assessment and biodiversity considerations in Nigeria: A case study of Niger Delta University campus project on wildlife in Nun River Forest Reserve	Hamadina M.K., Otobotekere D., Anyanwu D.I.	2007	Management of Environmental Quality	18	2	10.1108/14777830710725849	Biogeochem Associates Ltd., Port Harcourt, Nigeria; University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Biodiversity Unit, Institute of Pollution Studies, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Hamadina, M.K., Biogeochem Associates Ltd., Port Harcourt, Nigeria, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Otobotekere, D., Biodiversity Unit, Institute of Pollution Studies, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Anyanwu, D.I., University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Purpose - Niger Delta University (NDU) campus is located on the fringe of a Nun River Forest Reserve (NRFR) in Nigeria. The NRFR covers 97.15 km 2 of humid tropical rainforest characterized by torrential rains, seasonal flooding, and multi-layered vegetation. This paper aims to conduct a wildlife study, to assess the effects of the NDU campus project on NRFR. Design/methodology/approach - The assessment was preceded by "scoping" to determine key wildlife issues. Thereafter a mix of methods, including literature search, reconnaissance visits, field exercises, and interviews with hunters, was adopted to gather information. These were augmented with diurnal and nocturnal forest expeditions to find evidence(s) of wildlife species existence. Findings - There is a rich assemblage of wildlife species; of which 12 are enlisted in the 2006 IUCN Red List of threatened species, while 14 are protected by Nigeria's statutes; and they are threatened by human activities. The NDU campus project shall have significant adverse impacts on the wildlife: directly through habitat loss/fragmentation, nuisance, influx of people; and indirectly by exacerbating the existing threats. Research limitations/ implications - This work is limited to the NDU campus project and its impact on NRFR. The brevity of time spent in the field coupled with the generally inaccessible terrain and remote location of the NRFR constitute the limitations that must have influenced the findings in this paper. Originality/value - This paper reports the results of an original work, discusses the impacts of NDU campus on NRFR, and highlights conservation-friendly local beliefs/practices that could fit into a wildlife management plan, and fosters the debate on methodologies and field initiatives. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Animal habitats; Environmental management; Forests; Nigeria	None	None
WoS	WOS:000326315200005	Feasibility of adaptation of open source ILS for libraries in Kenya: a practical evaluation	Amollo, Beatrice Adera	2013	ELECTRONIC LIBRARY	31	5	10.1108/EL-12-2011-0171	Australian Studies Inst Lib	None	Purpose-Despite its fast growth and penetration in all sectors, it has been noted that open source software (OSS) is yet to find its optimal place in libraries, particularly libraries in the developing countries. Lack of documented information on the experiences and use of open source integrated library system (ILS) is a major drawback, and so the need for this study. The proposed study aims to help to investigate and test usability and cost effectiveness of a typical OSS for ILS. It will involve deploying the software from installation, configuration to creating customized user interfaces and structures that are specific to the requirements of the library's parent organization. The cost and performance of the OSS will then be compared with that of a typical commercial based software with the same functionalities. Design/methodology/approach-A preliminary study has been conducted to collect data from libraries in the country through distribution of questionnaires to provide data for accurate analysis that will form the basis for recommendations. The target group includes library and IT personnel in the various institutions and the end-users within sample group. A case study is proposed to help establish OSS effectiveness in libraries. To test a typical OSS, parameters are to be drawn from two models open source maturity model and business readiness rating. Findings-A casual observation of the Kenyan situation reveals that the majority of academic, public and research libraries depend on commercial, free or locally developed systems. This scenario may be attributed to lack of knowledge (or interest) in OSS alternatives and lack of sufficient technical expertise to support them. While there are quite a number of libraries and librarians worldwide that have shown a great interest in OSS, few library administrators have actually implemented OSS. Could this be due to fear of taking on the risks that may come with reliance on open source library automation systems? Is the low uptake due to lack of sufficient technical expertise in the libraries? The research outcomes will help formulate a model and guidelines to be used by systems librarians considering the use of OSS for library processes. Factors to be considered when deciding on OSS will be outlined. Research limitations/implications-This paper is of importance to library personnel in Kenya as it establishes the effectiveness of OSS, with the aim of empowering the library staff who have for a long time relied on their IT departments and vendors for systems installation and implementation. Originality/value-The study will result in a comprehensive evaluation of the economic and functional advantages of OSS as an alternative for the library in Kenya. Librarians involved in selection of software for their libraries will find this helpful when deciding on the type of software to select for their libraries. It will help to enlighten library professional about the value of OSS and how they can participate in the development of their own systems, instead of always relying on vendors.	"information systems","integrated software",KENYA,LIBRARIES,"LIBRARY AUTOMATION","LIBRARY SYSTEMS","OPEN SYSTEMS",RESEARCH,"OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900417099	Thermal performance considerations for intelligent video	Alves R.	2014	EngineerIT	None	APRIL	None	Axis Communications, South Africa	Alves, R., Axis Communications, South Africa	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000340956400001	Impact of health education intervention on knowledge and perception of cervical cancer and cervical screening uptake among adult women in rural communities in Nigeria	Abiodun, Olumide A.,Olu-Abiodun, Oluwatosin O.,Oluwole, Francis A.,Sotunsa, John O.	2014	BMC PUBLIC HEALTH	14	None	10.1186/1471-2458-14-814	Babcock Univ, Olabisi Onabanjo Univ, Sch Nursing	None	Background: Cervical cancer is a disease of public health importance affecting many women and contributing to avoidably high levels of cancer deaths in Nigeria. In spite of the relative ease of prevention, the incidence is on the increase. This study aimed to determine the effect of health education on the awareness, knowledge and perception of cervical cancer and screening among women in rural Nigerian communities. Methods: The study design was quasi-experimental. The study was carried out among adult women in Odogbolu (intervention) and Ikenne (control) local government areas (LGA) of Ogun state. Three hundred and fifty (350) women were selected per group by multistage random sampling technique. Data was collected by semi structured interviews with the aid of questionnaire. The intervention consisted of structured health education based on a movie. Result: The intervention raised the level of awareness of cervical cancer and screening to 100% (p &lt; 0.0001). The proportion of women with very good knowledge of cervical cancer and screening rose from 2% to 70.5% (X-2 = 503.7, p &lt; 0.0001) while the proportion of those with good perception rose from 5.1% to 95.1% (p &lt; 0.0001). The mean knowledge and mean perception scores were also increased (p &lt; 0.0001). There was increase in the proportion of women who had undertaken cervical screening from 4.3% to 8.3% (p = 0.038). The major reason stated by the women for not having had cervical screening done was lack of awareness about cervical cancer and screening. There was statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups concerning their knowledge attitude and practice towards cervical and screening (p &lt; 0.05) after the intervention. Conclusion: Multiple media health education based on a movie is effective in creating awareness for and improving the knowledge and perception of adult women about cervical cancer and screening. It also improves the uptake of cervical cancer screening. The creation of awareness is very crucial to the success of a cervical cancer prevention programme.	AWARENESS,"CERVICAL CANCER","CERVICAL SCREENING",KNOWLEDGE,movie,"Participatory health education",PERCEPTION,BREAST	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84938718507	Influence of business information use on sales performance of SMEs in Lagos State	Ojo A., Akinsunmi S., Olayonu O.	2015	Library Philosophy and Practice	2015	1	None	Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria	Ojo, A., Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria; Akinsunmi, S., Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria; Olayonu, O., Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria	Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) are crucial drivers of every nation's economy. However, reports suggest SMEs in Nigeria have not performed creditably well in terms of sales. Hence, they are yet to contribute to a large extent to the economic growth and development of the country. Considering that business information is an indispensable resource in overall business performance, one is forced to question the availability and utilisation of business information by SME owners. This study examines the influence of business information use on the sales performance of SMEs in the information technology sector in Lagos State. Employing a survey research design, the study population comprised of 575 Computer and Allied Product Dealers Association of Nigeria (CAPDAN) registered SMEs in Computer Village of Lagos State. The stratified sampling technique was used to survey the responses of 181 SME owners who served as respondents in this study. A selfdeveloped questionnaire was used as the instrument of data collection. Frequency distribution, simple percentages, and regression analysis were used for data analysis. Findings revealed that SMEs obtained most of the information they use from newspapers and informal sources. Also revealed was that business information utilisation influences sales performance of SMEs (R = 0.36, R Square = .212, F<inf>1,161</inf> = 94.18, p < 0.05). The study concludes that business information use for SMEs sales performance is inevitable. However, use is predicated on availability. It is recommended that agencies in charge of SMEs in Nigeria should put more effort in ensuring formal information sources are made available to SME owners.	Business information; Information availability; Information use; Sales performance; SMEs	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79958810394	Empirical analysis of impact of capital market development on Nigeria's economic growth (1981-2008) (case study: Nigerian stock exchange)	Obiakor R.T., Okwu A.T.	2011	DLSU Business and Economics Review	20	2	None	Babcock University, Nigeria	Obiakor, R.T., Babcock University, Nigeria; Okwu, A.T., Babcock University, Nigeria	This study empirically examined the impact of capital market development on economic growth in Nigeria for the period 1981-2008. The major tool we employed for empirical analysis is a multiple regression analysis model specified on the basis of hypothesized functional relationship between capital market development and economic growth. For capital market development indicators, we considered ratios of value of shares traded, market capitalization, gross capital formation and foreign private investment, to gross domestic product, as explanatory variables, while we used growth rate of gross domestic product as the dependent variable. We introduced an error correction term to capture the flexibility in adjustment to long-run equilibrium. We estimated the model via the ordinary least squares (OLS) techniques. Further, we evaluated the model using relevant statistics. The results showed that while market capitalization, gross capital formation, and foreign private investment individually exerted statistically significant impact on growth of the economy, value of shares traded exerted positive but statistically insignificant impact during the review period. However, the variables jointly exerted statistically significant impact on growth of the economy. In addition, the model exhibited a very high explanatory power and high flexibility in adjustment to long-run equilibrium. The variables time series were stationary at second difference, showed existence of long-run relationship between the two sets of variables, and exhibited stability for the study period. Based on the findings, the study recommended, among others, sustainable development of the capital market to enhance faster rates of capital accumulation for greater productivity gains and economic growth as well as the need to complement market development with real sector macroeconomic policy thrust like significant reduction in lending rates to stimulate investment and manufacturing activities in the real sector and translate capital market gains to real sector output growth. © 2011 De La Salle University, Philippines.	Capital market; Development; Economic growth	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84888858013	Evaluation and demonstration of direct solar potato dryer	Tefera A., Endalew W., Fikiru B.	2013	Livestock Research for Rural Development	25	12	None	Bahir Dar Agricultural Mechanization and Food Science Research Centre, P.O. Box 133, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Food, Medicine and Health Care Administration and Control Authority of Ethiopia, P.O. Box 5681, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Tefera, A., Bahir Dar Agricultural Mechanization and Food Science Research Centre, P.O. Box 133, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Endalew, W., Bahir Dar Agricultural Mechanization and Food Science Research Centre, P.O. Box 133, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Fikiru, B., Food, Medicine and Health Care Administration and Control Authority of Ethiopia, P.O. Box 5681, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of two models of direct solar potato dryers and to demonstrate to farmers around potato producing areas, in Amhara Regional State. Wooden box dryer and Pyramid shape dryer models were evaluated. Dryers were compared with open sun drying methods. Temperature, relative humidity as well as the rate of moisture removal as expressed by loss-in-weight were recorded and analyzed. Results showed that on the average there was a 10-20 °C temperature difference between ambient condition and the drying chambers. Besides, the weight of sliced potato which was initially 0.90 kg was reduced to about 0.19 kg within two days. This showed an overall reduction in drying time by 2-3 hours compared to open sun drying. This result, however, was not perceived to be large enough under existing testing condition. But considering other benefits of the driers like protecting the drying material against contaminants, dust, and insects resulting in better quality product, this result is acceptable. On the other hand, comparing the performances of the two driers, Pyramid dryer was found better in creating more conducive drying environment with optimal temperature and lower relative humidity. Moreover, considering manufacturing costs, simplicity in design to manufacture in rural area from almost any kind of available building materials by locally available workmen, Pyramid dryer is better than Box dryer. Demonstration and practical training on the use of solar dryers and methods of food preparation out of the dried potato slices was provided for a group of farmers. Participant farmers actively participated in the potato menu preparation and informal sensory evaluation. They have showed high interest in diversified potato utilization as it enhances their feeding habits. This dryer was found suitable for drying small quantities (10-15 kg) of agricultural products which suits best for household level. Therefore, Pyramid (pyramid shape) dryer models should be recommended for further promotion.	Dried potato; Dryer model; Farmers; Potato processing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940703988	Evaluation of genetic parameters and growth traits of Hungarian Simmental cattle breed	Kebede D., Komlosi I.	2015	Livestock Research for Rural Development	27	9	None	Bahir Dar University College, Agriculture and Environmental Science, P.O. Box: 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Debrecen University, P.O. Box: 36, Debrecen, Hungary	Kebede, D., Bahir Dar University College, Agriculture and Environmental Science, P.O. Box: 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Komlosi, I., Debrecen University, P.O. Box: 36, Debrecen, Hungary	A study was undertaken in Hungary with the objectives to evaluate Hungarian Simmental cattle growth traits and estimate genetic parameters. Calving ease, birth weight, weaning weight, weaning age, 205-day weight and average daily gain of Hungarian Simmental calves (n=6552, bulls=1479 , heifers=5073) were evaluated. The effects included in the model for the analysis of growth traits were sex (2 classes), birth year (13 classes), birth month (12 classes) and farm (8 classes). R software program was used to calculate variance analysis and least square means; PEST software was used for data file and pedigree file coding and VCE6 software was used for calculating heritablities and correlations. Sex, year, month and farm significantly influenced CE, BW, WW, WA, 205W and ADG (P<0.001). Birth month and sex of the calf significantly (p<0.05) influenced CE, BW, 205W and ADG. The estimated heritablities of WW, BW, ADG and 205W were 0.26, 0.16, 0.31 and 0.25, respectively. Genetic correlation among weaning weight, birth weight, average daily gain and 205-day weight were positive but with calving ease was negative. Weaning weight had strong genetic correlation with average daily gain (r=0.98). Calving ease also had negative genetic correlation with 205-day weight (r=-0.02). The phenotypic correlation of average daily gain and 205-day weight was strong (0.79). © 2015 Fundacion CIPAV. All rights reserved.	Genetic correlation; Phenotypic correlation; Programmes and assessment	None	None
WoS	WOS:000284282200007	Impact of occupational health and safety on worker productivity: A case of Zimbabwe food industry	Gadzirayi, C. T.,Katsuro, P.,Mupararano, Suzanna,Taruwona, M.	2010	AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT	4	13	None	Bindura Univ Sci Educ	None	This research sought to assess the impact of occupational health safety ( OHS) on productivity in the commercial food industry. The objective of the study was to explore OHS problems of different work areas and their impact on productivity. The research targeted production supervisors, shop floor employees and industrial clinic nurses. Questionnaires, interviews and observations were used as research instruments to collect data. The study found out that OHS related problems negatively affect workers' productive capacity in the food industry resulting in reduced worker output. Workers develop a negative attitude and low morale towards work. High incidents of accidents at work also occur. The study recommends that food industry factories should upgrade their OHS through training programmes and use up-to-date equipment.	"Food factory","OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH",productivity.,SAFETY	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84948771504	Higher breastfeeding performance index is associated with lower risk of illness in infants under six months in Ethiopia	Haile D., Biadgilign S.	2015	International Breastfeeding Journal	10	1	10.1186/s13006-015-0057-2	Bahir Dar University, Department of Reproductive Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Independent Public Health Research Consultants, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Haile, D., Bahir Dar University, Department of Reproductive Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Biadgilign, S., Independent Public Health Research Consultants, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Background: Breastfeeding performance index is an explanatory attempt to summarize key breastfeeding practices by summarizing the different dimensions of breastfeeding practices into a single summary variable. Breastfeeding performance index is used to assess optimal breastfeeding practices by constructing a single composite index that includes timely initiation of breastfeeding, prelacteal feeding, current breastfeeding status, bottle feeding, any liquid given(except medicine) in the last 24h, formula given in the last 24h, any solid food given in the last 24h. This study aimed to assess optimal breastfeeding practices of 0-6 month infants using breastfeeding performance index (BPI) and its association with childhood illness in Ethiopia. Methods: A secondary data analysis was carried out based on the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) 2011 data. The BPI was created using seven components by giving equal weight for all components during scoring. The data were described using descriptive statistics and analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of low, medium, and high BPI was 18.41, 57.96 and 23.63% respectively. The mean BPI score was 4.38 (SD 1.25; 95% CI 4.31, 4.45). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that those infants who had low BPI score were 2.22 times (AOR=2.22; 95% CI 1.20, 4.11) and medium BPI category had 2.15 times at higher odds (AOR=2.15; 95% CI 1.23, 3.75) of developing diarrhea compared to infants in the highest BPI category. Being in the lower BPI category was significantly associated with higher odds of having fever (AOR=1.73; 95% CI 1.06, 2.80). Being in the medium index category was also associated with higher odds of having short and rapid breaths (AOR=2.02; 95% CI 1.01, 4.04). Conclusion: More than 80% of the infants did not receive optimal breastfeeding practices based on the Breastfeeding Performance Index. Lower BPI was statistically associated with diarrhea, fever and short and rapid breaths illness in the last 2 weeks. This study implicates the importance of optimal breastfeeding to reduce childhood illness. © 2015 Haile and Biadgilign.	Breastfeeding; DHS; Ethiopia; Index; Infants	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879584016	Enhancing self-regulated learning in teaching spoken communication: Does it affect speaking efficacy and performance?	Aregu B.B.	2013	Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching	10	1	None	Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia	Aregu, B.B., Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia	The study examines the effects of enhancing self-regulated learning in the teaching of spoken communication on speaking efficacy and performances among second year students attending spoken and written communication lessons in the College of Business and Economics of Bahir Dar University. In this study, two sections consisting of 91 participants were included. To gather data, scales, tests, and diaries were used. Descriptive statistics, paired t-test, independent samples t-test, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were applied to analyze the quantitative data. On the other hand, the qualitative data were analysed using such steps as looking for themes and coding, categorizing codes of similar content, and writing summary and interpretation. The outputs of the ANCOVA show that 56% of the variance in speaking performance and 39% of the variance in speaking efficacy are accounted for by the self-regulated learning intervention controlling for initial differences. The qualitative analysis also indicated that the experimental group improved its speaking efficacy and performances. Overall, the results reveal that the experimental group surpasses the control group in both speaking efficacy and performances. The results imply that attention needs to be paid to the enhancement of self-regulated learning in the process of teaching spoken communication. © Centre for Language Studies National University of Singapore.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873350859	Statistical analysis of the performance of microfinance institutions: The Ethiopian case	Anduanbessa T.	2009	Savings and Development	33	2	None	Bank of Abyssinia S.C., Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Anduanbessa, T., Bank of Abyssinia S.C., Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Nowadays governments and many development agents pay great attention to the development of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) with the belief that they are able to alleviate poverty in a very shot time. This paper tried to give statistical insight in measuring the performance of MFIs in Ethiopia and the determinants of their performance. A cross-sectional data from 2006 fiscal calendar balance sheet of 26 MFIs in the country is used to carry out the study. Factor analysis (FA) of performance indicators revealed that the deposit mobilized from clients, the number of active borrowers, and the gross loan portfolio load high on one component, establishing the outreach performance dimension of the MFIs in the country. On the other hand, profit margin, OSS, return on asset and gross loan portfolio-to-total asset ratio load high on the other component, establishing the financial sustainability dimension. In order to identify the determinants of the performance of the MFIs, a seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) model was fitted on the outreach and sustainability dimension scores synthesized by FA. The number/ types of financial services rendered, the number of staff per branch and their capital are found to determine the outreach performance of the MFIs in the country. It was also noted that capital has an adverse impact on the outreach efforts of the MFIs. Moreover, the financial viability of the MFIs is found to be highly determined by the average amount of loans disbursed to individuals, the financial revenue ratio and the cost per borrower ratio.	Factor analysis (FA); Microfinance Institutions (MFIs); Outreach; Seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) model; Sustainability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897143998	The impact of financial structure on profitability of firms: A cross-sectional industry analysis of Nigerian quoted firms	Ekumankama O.O.	2011	Corporate Ownership and Control	9	1 E	None	Banking and Finance Department, Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa, African Institute of Applied Economics, Nigeria	Ekumankama, O.O., Banking and Finance Department, Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa, African Institute of Applied Economics, Nigeria	This study empirically examines the impact of financial structure decision on the profitability of Nigerian quoted firms. Cross-sectional time series data of 72 Nigerian quoted firms were collated and analysed. Two hypotheses were proposed for the study, while the ordinary least square (OLS), fixed effects (FE) and the gerneralised least square (GLS) regression were used on pooled and panel data to estimate the relationship between financial leverage and the different measures of profitability in Nigeria quoted firms. In determining the extent of the influence of leverage on the dependent variables, most of the industrial groups showed evidence of sizable positive influence of leverage on profitability and earnings yield. This was significant and robust with all the measures of leverage.	Cross-sectional analysis; Finance; Listed firms; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864568925	Perceptions of Threat Risk Frequency and Impact on Construction Projects in Ghana: Opinion survey findings	Chileshe N., Boadua A., Yirenkyi-Fianko	2011	Journal of Construction in Developing Countries	16	2	None	Barbara Hardy Institute (BHI), School of Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIPMA), Achimota, Accra, Ghana	Chileshe, N., Barbara Hardy Institute (BHI), School of Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Boadua, A., Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIPMA), Achimota, Accra, Ghana; Yirenkyi-Fianko, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIPMA), Achimota, Accra, Ghana	Threat risks are experienced by all stakeholders in a construction project. Although the nature of these risks is understood, less is known about their likelihood of occurrence and potential impact. This study explored these elements of risk by using an opinion survey approach to collect data from 103 professionals (clients, consultants and contractors) in the Ghanaian construction industry. Significant differences were found between the perceptions of these sub-groups regarding the likelihood of occurrence of threat risks in five categories: construction method; price inflation; exceptional weather; ground conditions and site contamination; and poor communication among the project team. The contractors rated 'construction methods' higher than did the clients, and they also rated 'exceptional weather' higher than either the clients or the consultants. On the other hand, consultants rated 'price inflation' higher than the clients. Significant differences between the sub-groups were also found regarding the potential impact of the threat risk of price fluctuation. The consultants rated the 'price fluctuation' threat risk higher than either the contractors or the clients. These findings suggest that despite the existence of remedial strategies to protect some of the stakeholders from these risks, there is a fear of being blacklisted, thus compromising future opportunities (especially among contractors) should legal action be taken to redress the identified problems (such as such delayed payments). The following implications are drawn: One of the suggested recourses is the introduction of bespoke rather than standard contracts, as these might introduce contract flaws and contribute towards helping the project stakeholders monitor these potential risks and take appropriate action. © Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2011.	Construction industry; Ghana; Opinion survey; Project risk factors	None	None
WoS	WOS:000344345100006	The Impact of Mentor Mother Programs on PMTCT Service Uptake and Retention-in-Care at Primary Health Care Facilities in Nigeria: A Prospective Cohort Study (MoMent Nigeria)	Adejuyigbe, Ebun,Adeyemi, Olusegun A.,Afe, Abayomi J.,Bassey, Emem,Charurat, Manhattan E.,Cornelius, Llewellyn J.,Galadanci, Hadiza,Isah, Haroun O.,Jolaoso, Ibidun,Okundaye, Joshua N.,Sam-Agudu, Nadia A.,Wiwa, Owens M.	2014	JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES	67	None	10.1097/QAI.0000000000000331	Bayero University, Obafemi Awolowo University, University of Maryland Baltimore, University System of Maryland, Clinton Hlth Access Initiat, Equitable Hlth Access Initiat, Fed Minist Hlth, Inst Human Virol Nigeria	"Adejuyigbe, Ebun: Obafemi Awolowo University","Charurat, Manhattan E.: University of Maryland Baltimore","Charurat, Manhattan E.: University System of Maryland","Cornelius, Llewellyn J.: University of Maryland Baltimore","Cornelius, Llewellyn J.: University System of Maryland","Galadanci, Hadiza: Bayero University","Okundaye, Joshua N.: University of Maryland Baltimore","Okundaye, Joshua N.: University System of Maryland",	Background:Nigeria is a key target country in the global effort toward elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Low coverage of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) interventions, adherence, and retention-in-care rates in HIV-positive pregnant women are contributing factors to high mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) rates. In Nigeria, rural areas, served largely by primary health care facilities, have particularly poor indicators of PMTCT coverage. Mentor Mothers are HIV-positive women who serve as peer counselors for PMTCT clients, provide guidance, and support in keeping appointments and promoting antiretroviral adherence and retention-in-care. The Mother Mentor (MoMent) study aims to investigate the impact of structured Mentor Mother programs on PMTCT outcomes in rural Nigeria.Design and Methods:A prospective cohort study will compare rates of retention-in-care among PMTCT clients who are supported by formally-trained supervised Mentor Mothers versus clients who receive standard-of-care, informal peer support. Study sites are 20 primary health care centers (10 intervention, 10 control) in rural North-Central Nigeria. The study population is HIV-positive mothers and exposed infant pairs (MIPs) (N = 480; 240 MIPs per study arm). Primary outcome measures are the proportion of exposed infants receiving early HIV testing by age 2 months, and the proportion of MIPs retained in care at 6 months postpartum. Secondary outcome measures examine antiretroviral adherence, 12-month postpartum MIP retention, and MTCT rates. This article presents details of the study design, the structured Mentor Mother programs, and how their impact on PMTCT outcomes will be assessed.	ADHERENCE,"early infant diagnosis","Mentor Mother",NIGERIA,PMTCT,RETENTION,AFRICA,CASCADE,COMMUNITY,INTERVENTION,OUTCOMES,PREVENTION,"TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION",WORKERS	None	None
WoS	WOS:000311783600002	Evaluation of the effectiveness of an outreach clinical mentoring programme in support of paediatric HIV care scale-up in Botswana	Anabwani, Gabriel,Draper, Heather R.,Gaetsewe, Neo,Jibril, Haruna,Kirk, Brianna,Scherzer, Leah,Thuto, Boitumelo,Tolle, Michael A.,Wanless, R. Sebastian,Workneh, Gelane	2013	AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV	25	1	10.1080/09540121.2012.674096	Baylor College of Medicine, Minist Hlth, Princess Marina Hosp, Texas Childrens Hosp	"Draper, Heather R.: Baylor College of Medicine","Gaetsewe, Neo: Baylor College of Medicine","Thuto, Boitumelo: Baylor College of Medicine","Wanless, R. Sebastian: Baylor College of Medicine",	Clinical mentoring by providers skilled in HIV management has been identified as a cornerstone of scaling-up antiretroviral treatment in Africa, particularly in settings where expertise is limited. However, little data exist on its effectiveness and impact on improving the quality-of-care and clinical outcomes, especially for HIV-infected children. Since 2008, the Botswana-Baylor Children's Clinical Centre of Excellence (COE) has operated an outreach mentoring programme at clinical sites around Botswana. This study is a retrospective review of 374 paediatric charts at four outreach mentoring sites (Mochudi, Phutadikobo, Molepolole and Thamaga) evaluating the effectiveness of the programme as reflected in a number of clinically-relevant areas. Charts from one visit prior to initiation of mentoring and from one visit after approximately one year of mentoring were assessed for statistically-significant differences (p&lt;0.05) in the documentation of clinically-relevant indicators. Mochudi showed notable improvements in all indicators analysed, with particular improvements in documentation of pill count, viral load (VL) results, correct laboratory monitoring and correct antiretroviral therapy (ART) dosing (p&lt;0.0001, p&lt;0.0001, p&lt;0.0001 and p&lt;0.0001, respectively). Broad and substantial improvements were also seen in Molepolole, with the most improvement in disclosure documentation of all four sites. At Thamaga, improvements were restricted to CD4 documentation (p&lt;0.001), recent VL and documented pill count (p&lt;0.05 and p&lt;0.05, respectively). Phuthadikobo showed the least amount of improvement across indicators, with only VL documentation and correct ART dosing showing statistically-significant improvements (p&lt;0.05 and p&lt;0.0001, respectively). These findings suggest that clinical mentoring may assist improvements in a number of important areas, including ART dosing and monitoring; adherence assessment and assurance; and disclosure. Clinical mentoring may be a valuable tool in scale-up of quality paediatric HIV care-and-treatment outside specialised centres. Further study will help refine approaches to clinical mentoring, including assuring mentoring translates into improved clinical outcomes for HIV-infected children.	"ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",BOTSWANA,"clinical mentoring",EFFECTIVENESS,"paediatric HIV",ADHERENCE,ADOLESCENTS,"ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",DISCLOSURE,EXPERIENCE,HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS,"INFECTED CHILDREN",MANAGEMENT,PERSPECTIVES,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84902346930	Feed intake and growth performance of indigenous chicks fed diets with Moringa oleifera leaf meal as a protein supplement during early brooding stage	Gadzirayi C.T., Mupangwa J.F.	2014	International Journal of Poultry Science	13	3	None	Bindura University of Science Education, P. Bag 1020, Bindura, Zimbabwe; Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice Campus, Alice-5700, South Africa	Gadzirayi, C.T., Bindura University of Science Education, P. Bag 1020, Bindura, Zimbabwe; Mupangwa, J.F., Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice Campus, Alice-5700, South Africa	The high cost of conventional feed ingredients in poultry diets has necessitated the investigation into unconventional readily available feedstuffs. The study was designed to investigate the effects of feeding different levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) on feed intake and growth performance of indigenous chicks. Eighty four unsexed indigenous chicks were assigned to four treatment diets, with each treatment being replicated three times. The dietary treatments were as follows; control diet (T1) without MOLM and diets containing MOLM were at the rate of 5% (T2), 10% (T3) and 15% (T4) to supplement the CP of the control diet. Chicks fed on 0% MOLM had a higher average weekly feed intake than the other three treatments (T2, T3 and T4). The highest weight gain was experienced between weeks 4 to 6 except for treatment 3 that had its peak weight gain on week 5. FCR was similar for all dietary treatments. Weekly live bird weight (WLBW) advantage of chicks fed 0% MOLM diet was maintained followed by those fed diet containing 5% MOLM. The chicks on 10 and 15% MOLM diet recorded similar, but significantly (p&lt;0.05) lower WLBW from the 5 to 8th week than chicks on 0-5% MOLM. The study recommended MOLM inclusion levels of 5% in chicken diets during early brooding stage. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2014.	Brooding; Feed intake; Growth rate; Indigenous chicks; Moringa oleifera	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949686387	Evaluation of microbial systems for biotreatment of cassava mill waste water in Nigeria: biodegradation of cyanide	Agarry S.E., Owabor C.N.	2012	International Journal of Environmental Engineering	4	04-Mar	10.1504/IJEE.2012.050771	Biochemical Engineering and Environmental Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Benin, Benin-City, Nigeria	Agarry, S.E., Biochemical Engineering and Environmental Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Owabor, C.N., Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Benin, Benin-City, Nigeria	The capability of six isolated bacterial strains to utilise cyanide in cassava mill wastewater as a nitrogen source in a batch bioreactor was examined and evaluated. The results revealed that all the isolates were capable of degrading cyanide with percent degradation between 60 and 94% in 96 h. There was high positive correlation between cyanide biodegradation and microbial growth (0.90 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.97). The Monod kinetic model adequately described the dynamic behaviour of cyanide degradation by the different bacterial isolates. Thus, the study revealed the possibility of using the bacterial isolates in the biotreatment of cyanide waste effluents. © 2012 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	bacterial isolates; bioremediation; cassava mill wastewater; cyanide removal; Monod kinetic model	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77449153568	Formulation of annatto feed concentrate for layers and the evaluation of egg yolk color preference of consumers	Ofosu I.W., Appiah-Nkansah E., Owusu L., Apea-Bah F.B., Oduro I., Ellis W.O.	2010	Journal of Food Biochemistry	34	1	10.1111/j.1745-4514.2009.00264.x	Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biosciences, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, Kwabenya - Accra, Ghana	Ofosu, I.W., Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biosciences, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Appiah-Nkansah, E., Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biosciences, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Owusu, L., Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biosciences, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Apea-Bah, F.B., Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, Kwabenya - Accra, Ghana; Oduro, I., Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biosciences, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Ellis, W.O., Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biosciences, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Now a days, intensely farmed poultry eggs show almost no differences in egg yolk and albumin compared with domestic layers. Annatto shrub grows rapidly to produce seeds coated with bixin and norbixin dyes which are used to color foods requiring no limits according to codex standards because they are generally regarded as safe for food applications. In this research, annatto concentrate prepared at 1:1 feed to annatto seeds was applied at 1, 4, 7 and 10% over 8 months. The results show that such feeds had no effect on the egg size (P > 0.05) (mean = 62.25 g) as well as proximate composition of feed and flavor of the resulting egg yolks, while rate of application of concentrate show significant (P < 0.05) effect on overall preference of egg yolk of layers fed up to 7%. It is recommended that annatto concentrate can be applied at 1% to give generally acceptable color intensity. © 2010, The Author(s) Journal compilation © 2010, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84905995470	Evaluation and quantification of the contributions of damaged shea kernels to the quality of Nigerian shea butter	Obibuzor J.U., Abigor R.D., Omamor I.B., Omoriyekemwen V.O., Okunwaye T., Okogbenin E.A.	2014	International Journal of Postharvest Technology and Innovation	4	1	10.1504/IJPTI.2014.064140	Biochemistry Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research, NIFOR, PMB 1030, Benin City, Nigeria; Pathology Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research, NIFOR, PMB 1030, Benin City, Nigeria	Obibuzor, J.U., Biochemistry Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research, NIFOR, PMB 1030, Benin City, Nigeria; Abigor, R.D., Biochemistry Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research, NIFOR, PMB 1030, Benin City, Nigeria; Omamor, I.B., Pathology Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research, NIFOR, PMB 1030, Benin City, Nigeria; Omoriyekemwen, V.O., Biochemistry Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research, NIFOR, PMB 1030, Benin City, Nigeria; Okunwaye, T., Biochemistry Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research, NIFOR, PMB 1030, Benin City, Nigeria; Okogbenin, E.A., Biochemistry Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research, NIFOR, PMB 1030, Benin City, Nigeria	The objective of the research was to characterise the quality of shea kernel that is whole and intact (WSK), bruised (BSK), and microbial and pest (MPSK) and, to evaluate the physico-chemical properties of the extracted butter in order to partition the contributions of the spoilt kernels to the overall butter quality. The study was performed using shea nuts from Kutigi, Bida, Nigeria. Proximate composition, physico-chemical and fatty acid composition were determined using standard methods of analysis on the whole kernel and the extracted butter. The lipid content was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in WSK (52.44%) relative to BSK (41.99%) and MPSK (39.80%). The study indicated that MSPK made the highest contribution in lowering the shea butter quality by 30%-50%. There was no significant difference in the fatty acid composition of the three sample categories. The free fatty acid, acid value, peroxide value and anisidine value were 3.4, 3.4, 5 and 3 times higher in MPSK than in BSK respectively. This study recommends that the shea kernel processors should sort the shea kernels into three categories and process them correspondingly to yield three different grades and markets depending on period of storage. Overall, the spoilage process in stored shea kernel significantly affects the chemical quality of butter and this study has revealed numerically the degree. Copyright © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Butter; Fatty acids; Microbial; Nigeria; Postharvest.; Proximate composition; Quality; Shea kernel	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949555720	Relationships between physical and biomechanical parameters and golf drive performance: A field-based study	Green A., Dafkin C., Kerr S., McKinon W.	2015	South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation	37	3	None	Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand Medical School, Johannesburg, South Africa	Green, A., Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand Medical School, Johannesburg, South Africa; Dafkin, C., Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand Medical School, Johannesburg, South Africa; Kerr, S., Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand Medical School, Johannesburg, South Africa; McKinon, W., Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand Medical School, Johannesburg, South Africa	A proficient golf swing is composed of a sequence of highly complex biomechanical movements and requires precisely timed and coordinated body movements to achieve great distance and accuracy. The aim of the current study was to identify the key physiological and biomechanical variables that relate to golf drive performance. Eighteen golfers (handicap 11±6 strokes, playing experience 18±15 years), volunteered to take part in the study. Drive distance and accuracy were measured directly. Balance was assessed using a modified stork test and hand-eye coordination was assessed using a 3D maze. Average balance duration of both legs (r= 0.563; p=0.015), left leg (r= 0.620; p=0.006) and right leg (r= 0.488; p=0.044) were all significantly correlated to drive distance. Hand-eye coordination was significantly negatively correlated to total drive distance (r=-0.600 p=0.008), but was not associated significantly with the centre of hit between the clubface and ball. Several parameters were found to have significant relationships to golf drive distance in a group of amateur golfers. Therefore, training regimes could include tasks that aim to improve hand-eye coordination and balance. © 2015, University of Stellenbosch. All rights reserved.	Balance; Biomechanics; Co-ordination; Golf; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84959542660	Drive performance for able-bodied and disabled golfers	Kenny I.C., Campbell M.J., Surmon S., Bressan L.	2015	International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching	10	4	None	Biomechanics Research Unit, University of Limerick, Ireland; Centre for Human Performance Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Kenny, I.C., Biomechanics Research Unit, University of Limerick, Ireland; Campbell, M.J., Biomechanics Research Unit, University of Limerick, Ireland; Surmon, S., Centre for Human Performance Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Bressan, L., Centre for Human Performance Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Golf is a popular leisure and competitive activity for individuals with disabilities. The current golf handicap system does not take into account the possible challenges of playing golf with any form of physical disability. The aim of this study was to examine golf driving performance measures, comparing golfers with various types of physical disabilities to able-bodied golfers. Through drive shot ball launch analysis, this study compared amputees (single leg, below and above knee), deaf, visually impaired, polio, Les Autres and arthrogryposis golfers to able-bodied golfers with similar golf handicaps. Twenty-seven able-bodied (handicap category 3, 12.4 ± 7.0) and 15 disabled (handicap category 3, 18.2 ± 9.2) hit 10 drives each. Able-bodied golfers presented longer but less accurate drives (208.1 m carry, 4.6 m lateral deviation), and concomitant higher club head and ball velocity than disabled golfers (157.6 m carry, 6.O m lateral deviation) [p<O.OO1]. The apparent difference in outcome performance cannot be fully accounted for by the small difference in golf handicap score, thus disabled golfers appear to be penalised/disadvantaged by the current golf handicap classification rules.	Amputee; Arthrogryposis; Deaf; Disabled golf; Golf shot performance analysis; Lés Autres; Post-polio syndrome	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893667565	Evaluation of the in vitro interaction of amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole antibiotics against resistant bacterial strains	Olajuyigbe O.O., Oyedeji O., Adedayo O.	2014	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science	4	1	10.7324/JAPS.2014.40116	Biosciences and Biotechnology Department, Babcock University, Ilisan Remo, Nigeria; Phytomedicine Research Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa	Olajuyigbe, O.O., Biosciences and Biotechnology Department, Babcock University, Ilisan Remo, Nigeria, Phytomedicine Research Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Oyedeji, O., Biosciences and Biotechnology Department, Babcock University, Ilisan Remo, Nigeria; Adedayo, O., Biosciences and Biotechnology Department, Babcock University, Ilisan Remo, Nigeria	The in vitro combination effects of amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole on clinical isolates was investigated using the agar diffusion and macrobroth dilution methods. The results showed that these organisms had varied susceptibility to the different concentrations of each of these antibiotics and their combinations. The susceptibility of the isolates to the antibacterial combinations showed that they were susceptible in the following order: Streptococcus pyogenes (TD2) > Streptococcus pyogenes (TD10) > Streptococcus pneumoniae (TE10) > Salmonella typhi (TC6) > Salmonella typhi (TC2). The macrobroth assay showed a drastic reduction in the minimum inhibitory concentrations of both antibiotics. While the MIC of amoxicillin ranged between 0.1202 and 0.4808 μg/ml and that of cotrimoxazole ranged between 0.2405 and 0.9619 μg/ml, the MIC of the antibacterial combinations ranged between 0.00305 and 0.0150 μg/ml. A statistical analysis of the zones of inhibitions produced by the antibiotics and their combinations indicated that the mean differences between the zones of inhibitions were significantly diverse. This study showed that there was synergistic interaction between amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole in vitro and could be an alternative choice of therapy for the treatment of streptococcal and gastrointestinal infections in which these organisms have been implicated. © 2014 Olufunmiso Olusola Olajuyigbe et al.	Antibacterial combinations; Antibiotics; Bacteria; Drug-drug interaction; Synergy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77952744220	Post-privatization performance and organizational changes: Case studies from Ghana	Tsamenyi M., Onumah J., Tetteh-Kumah E.	2010	Critical Perspectives on Accounting	21	5	10.1016/j.cpa.2008.01.002	Birmingham Business School, University of Birmingham, University House, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom; University of Ghana Business School, Ghana; Barclays Bank, Ghana	Tsamenyi, M., Birmingham Business School, University of Birmingham, University House, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom; Onumah, J., University of Ghana Business School, Ghana; Tetteh-Kumah, E., Barclays Bank, Ghana	A significant number of less developed countries (LDCs), including Ghana, have embraced the World Bank/IMF led economic reforms. Ghana has been implementing these reforms since the early 1980. One of the conditions of the reforms is the privatization of former state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Such privatization activities have however generated debates among academics, practitioners, and policy makers. Research findings so far have been mixed. This paper analyzes the performance of two large privatized companies in Ghana. Both companies have been paraded by the Ghanaian authorities and the international financial community as success stories of privatization. Our objective is to examine how and why these firms have been claimed to be successful. Drawing on the dimensions of the balanced scorecard, we examine the performance of the firms from five main perspectives-financial, customers, internal business process, learning and growth, and the community. The analysis is based on data gathered from diverse sources, namely, semi-structured interviews and discussions with managers of the selected companies and with personnel from key government departments, and analysis of internal and external documents. We conclude that, overall the performance of both organizations improved after privatization under all the performance dimensions examined. These improvements were also accompanied by certain organizational changes, including changes in the accounting and control systems. However we are not claiming that all privatization programs in Ghana have been successful. In fact there are stories in the Ghanaian media of several other privatization failures in the country. Instead what we have demonstrated is the need to explain the performance of privatized firms beyond the myopic macro-level and financial analysis which has been widely adopted by the international financial community and policy makers and we encourage other researchers to adopt such multidimensional approaches. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd.	Balanced scorecard; Ghana; Less developed countries; Performance evaluation; Privatization	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77949502966	Response of axially stacked square tubes to axial impact loads	Ronchietto F., Chung Kim Yuen S., Nurick G.N.	2009	Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures	6	4	None	Blast Impact and Survivability Research Unit (BISRU), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Private Bag, 7701, South Africa	Ronchietto, F., Blast Impact and Survivability Research Unit (BISRU), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Private Bag, 7701, South Africa; Chung Kim Yuen, S., Blast Impact and Survivability Research Unit (BISRU), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Private Bag, 7701, South Africa; Nurick, G.N., Blast Impact and Survivability Research Unit (BISRU), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Private Bag, 7701, South Africa	The crushing and energy absorption characteristics of thinwalled specimens consisting of single and axially stacked mild steel square tubes are investigated by the performance of quasi-static and dynamic axial crushing tests. Two tubes are axially stacked either by means of weld or a plate. Welded specimens comprise of two tubes of equal length axially stacked on each other and seam welded around all four sides. Plate divided specimens consist of two tubes of equal length axially stacked with a rigid mild steel plate in between them. The rigid plate has a thickness of 10mm and acts as an elastic medium for energy to be transferred from the top tube to the bottom tube during axial loading. All tubes have square cross-sections of 50mm×50mm and nominal wall thicknesses of 1.6mm. The lengths of the tubes range from 250mm to 1700mm encompassing the three main modes of buckling; namely progressive, Euler and the transition mode. The global slenderness or length-to-width ratio (L/C) is investigated with regards to buckling modes. Welded tubes behave very similarly to single tubes. Plate-divided specimens exhibit two high peak loads with a slightly increased mean crush load compared to single and welded tubes.	Axial impact loading; Axially stacked; Buckling transition; Energy absorber; Global bending; Progressive buckling; Tube crushing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908032494	Evaluation of the Effects of Reduced Personal and Corporate Tax Rates on the Growth Rates of the U.S. Economy	Zellner A., Ngoie J.K.	2015	Econometric Reviews	34	None	10.1080/07474938.2014.944468	Booth School of Business, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Economics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Zellner, A., Booth School of Business, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Ngoie, J.K., Department of Economics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Using several variants of a Marshallian Macroeconomic Model (MMM), see Zellner and Israilevich (2005) and Ngoie and Zellner (2010), this paper investigates how various tax rate reductions may help stimulate the U.S. economy while not adversely affecting aggregate U.S. debt. Variants of our MMM that are shown to fit past data and to perform well in forecasting experiments are employed to evaluate the effects of alternative tax policies. Using quarterly data, our one-sector MMM has been able to predict the 2008 downturn and the 2009Q3 upturn of the U.S. economy. Among other results, this study, using transfer and impulse response functions associated with our MMM, finds that permanent 5 percentage points cut in the personal income and corporate profits tax rates will cause the U.S. real gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate to rise by 3.0 percentage points with a standard error of 0.6 percentage points. Also, while this policy change leads to positive growth of the government sector, its share of total real GDP is slightly reduced. This is understandable since short run effects of tax cuts include the transfer of tax revenue from the government to the private sector. The private sector is allowed to manage a larger portion of its revenue, while government is forced to cut public spending on social programs with little growth enhancing effects. This broadens private economic activities overall. Further, these tax rate policy changes stimulate the growth of the federal tax base considerably, which helps to reduce annual budget deficits and the federal debt. © 2015, Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.	Disaggregation; Impulse response functions; Marshallian macroeconomic model; Transfer functions; U.S. fiscal policy analysis	None	NSF, National Science Foundation
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900016364	Influence of soil fertility amendment practices on ex-situ utilisation of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and performance of maize and common bean in Kenyan Highlands	Nyaga J., Jefwa J.M., Muthuri C.W., Okoth S.A., Matiru V.N., Wachira P.	2014	Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems	17	1	None	Botany Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), P.O Box 62000-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility-CIAT, P.O Box 30777, Nairobi, Kenya; School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197-001000 Nairobi, Kenya	Nyaga, J., Botany Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), P.O Box 62000-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Jefwa, J.M., Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility-CIAT, P.O Box 30777, Nairobi, Kenya; Muthuri, C.W., Botany Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), P.O Box 62000-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Okoth, S.A., School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197-001000 Nairobi, Kenya; Matiru, V.N., Botany Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), P.O Box 62000-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Wachira, P., School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197-001000 Nairobi, Kenya	Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are important in agriculture and have received attention as they are considered a part of an active and diverse soil biological community essential for increasing the sustainability of agricultural systems. However, most of agricultural practices have a negative impact on AMF association and agricultural soils are AMF impoverished. Interventions to replenish AMF include re-introduction through inoculation or manipulation of existing AMF to increase density. A major problem with inoculation is that there is possible competition with native (indigenous) AMF species. Indigenous AMF will be more adapted to the soil environment than introduced strains but with conflicting results on the effects of AMF inoculation on crop yield, more field studies for different ecological areas are required. The objective of the study was to compare the effect of inoculating crops with indigenous AMF applied applied singly or combined with other Soil Fertility Amendment Practices (SFAP) on root colonisation and subsequent performance of maize (Zea mays L.) and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Analysis was also done on the best soil amendment practice that encourages crop colonisation by AMF. This was tested under field experiment and compared with control treatment (no soil amendment practice) and three other soil fertility amendment practices used singly or in combination with AMF; (1) MAVUNO (macro- and micronutrients and secondary nutrients) fertilizer, and (2) Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) and Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) (3) cattle manure. Maize and bean performances were determined and compared between the treatments for a period of two consecutive seasons with the experiment replicated in two benchmark sites of Embu district (highlands of central Kenya) and Taita-Taveta district (coastal highlands). Soils at Embu have high soil pH than at Taita which results in low phosphorus levels and possible micronutrients deficiencies. Even though no significant differences were observed from root colonisation by AMF with application of SFAP, significant differences were observed at the crop yield. Bean crop was more responsive to AMF inoculation than maize in terms of yield. Combination of AMF inoculant with other organic and inorganic fertilizers resulted in higher crop yield compared to AMF applied singly. Thus, utilisation of indigenous AMF species has potential to constitute an environmentally friendly method of soil fertility amendment over time to improve maize and bean production potential of small-scale holders but consideration should be done on the local soil nutrients conditions, other soil fertility amendment practices in use and the targeted crop.	Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi; Colonisation intensity; Crop yield; Indigenous species; Inoculation; Soil fertility amendment practices	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-81855176565	Exploring the impact of national system of innovation on the outcomes of foreign direct investment	Baskaran A., Muchie M., Muchie M.	2009	International Journal of Technological Learning, Innovation and Development	2	4	10.1504/IJTLID.2009.02682	Business School, Middlesex University, London NW4 4BT, United Kingdom; Institute for Economic Research on Innovation, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; DIIPER, Aalborg University, Denmark	Baskaran, A., Business School, Middlesex University, London NW4 4BT, United Kingdom; Muchie, M., Institute for Economic Research on Innovation, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Muchie, M., DIIPER, Aalborg University, Denmark	This paper attempts to explore the possible relationship between the characteristics of a National System of Innovation (NSI) and their impact on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) outcomes, particularly in developing countries. We employ a heuristic NSI-FDI conceptual framework linking the robustness of NSI to the benefits or lack of it from FDI. We create a taxonomy of NSIs as well-functioning/strong, relatively well-functioning and weak and try to empirically find out how each NSI type is related to the corresponding FDI outcomes. We examine whether a strong NSI can bring a high-end benefit from FDI, whether those with a weak NSI are at the low end of the FDI potential benefit spectrum, and whether a relatively well-functioning NSI is linked to medium or average FDI outcomes. We used descriptive data from selected developing economies - China, India, South Africa, Ghana, Ethiopia, Tanzania and Zambia - and applied this conceptual framework. Despite some data limitations, our case studies show that the characteristics and robustness (or lack of robustness) of NSI can impact on how FDI flows to a country and the kinds of outcomes it will produce, other things being equal. Therefore, how countries build their NSI matters significantly to national policy making. © 2009 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	China; Ethiopia; FDI; foreign direct investment; Ghana; India; national innovation system; South Africa; Tanzania; technology spillovers; Zambia	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880424853	Exploring Teachers' Assessment Practices of Performance Tasks in Agriculture and Factors Influencing Their Choice	Masole T.M., Howie S.	2013	Journal of Agricultural and Food Information	14	3	10.1080/10496505.2013.803347	Botswana Examinations Council, Private Bag 0070, Gaborone, Botswana; Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Masole, T.M., Botswana Examinations Council, Private Bag 0070, Gaborone, Botswana; Howie, S., Faculty of Education, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	The aim of the study was to explore processes employed in performance assessment in agriculture in Botswana schools. The study employed an exploratory survey design, in which 13 schools were purposively sampled from two regions. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire and some were interviewed. Descriptive statistics (frequency counts, percentages, and means) were initially computed before inferential analysis (factor analysis, t-test, and ANOVA) was carried out. Qualitative data was analyzed through thick description. It was found that teachers' performance assessment was the same in the two regions, characterized by holistic assessment of the product. The emphasis on product assessment was largely due to insufficient training, large class sizes, high workloads, and insufficient time. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	agriculture; assessment; Botswana; performance assessment; process assessment; product assessment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84925492982	The International Multidisciplinary Consensus Conference on Multimodality Monitoring in Neurocritical Care: Evidentiary Tables: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals from the Neurocritical Care Society and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicin	Le Roux P., Menon D.K., Citerio G., Vespa P., Bader M.K., Brophy G., Diringer M.N., Stocchetti N., Videtta W., Armonda R., Badjatia N., Bösel J., Chesnut R., Chou S., Claassen J., Czosnyka M., De Georgia M., Figaji A., Fugate J., Helbok R., Horowitz D., H	2014	Neurocritical Care	21	2	10.1007/s12028-014-0081-x	Brain and Spine Center, Suite 370, Medical Science Building, Lankenau Medical Center, 100 East Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA, United States; Neurosciences Critical Care Unit, Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Box 93, Cambridge, United Kingdom; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States; NeuroIntensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Ospedale San Gerardo, Via Pergolesi 33, Monza, Italy; Neuro/Critical Care CNS, Mission Hospital, Mission Viejo, CA, United States; Virginia Commonwealth University, Medical College of Virginia Campus, 410 N. 12th Street, Richmond, VA, United States; Neurocritical Care Section, Washington University, Department of Neurology, Campus Box 8111, 660 S Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO, United States; Department of Physiopathology and Transplant, Milan University, Neuro ICU, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F Sforza, 35, Milan, Italy; ICU Neurocritical Care, Hospital Nacional ‘Prof. a. Posadas’, El Palomar, Pcia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurosurgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Medstar Health, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC, United States; Department of Neurology, University of Maryland Medical Center, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Neurology, Ruprect-Karls University, Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, Heidelberg, Germany; Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Mailstop 359766, 325 Ninth Ave, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, United States; Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, Milstein 8 Center Room 300, New York, NY, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Box 167, Cambridge, United Kingdom; University Hospital Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, United States; University of Cape Town, 617 Institute for Child Health, Red Cross Children’s Hospital, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Neurology, Neurocritical Care Unit, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstr.35, Innsbruck, Austria; University of Pennsylvania Health System, 3701 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Box 167 Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3 West Gates, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Nursing Research, The MetroHealth System, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH, United States; Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases and Neurocritical Care, The Ohio State University, 395W. 12th Ave, 7th Floor, Columbus, OH, United States; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg, SOM 710, N Lake Shore Drive, 11th Floor, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Biology and Medicine University of Lausanne, CHUV University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; University of Texas Southwestern, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, United States; Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, JMH, 1611 NW 12th Ave, Suite 405, Miami, FL, United States; Cerebrovascular Center and Neuroinflammation Research Center, Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, NC30, Cleveland, OH, United States; Intensive Care Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Critical Care Medicine, Maine Medical Center, 22 Bramhall Street, Portland, ME, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, Ben Taub Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, 1504 Taub Loop, Houston, TX, United States; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Milstein Hospital 8 Garden South, Suite 331, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY, United States; Department of Intensive Care, Laboratoire de Recherche Experimentale, Erasme Hospital, Route de Lennik, 808, Brussels, Belgium	Le Roux, P., Brain and Spine Center, Suite 370, Medical Science Building, Lankenau Medical Center, 100 East Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA, United States; Menon, D.K., Neurosciences Critical Care Unit, Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Box 93, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Citerio, G., NeuroIntensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Ospedale San Gerardo, Via Pergolesi 33, Monza, Italy; Vespa, P., David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Bader, M.K., Neuro/Critical Care CNS, Mission Hospital, Mission Viejo, CA, United States; Brophy, G., Virginia Commonwealth University, Medical College of Virginia Campus, 410 N. 12th Street, Richmond, VA, United States; Diringer, M.N., Neurocritical Care Section, Washington University, Department of Neurology, Campus Box 8111, 660 S Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO, United States; Stocchetti, N., Department of Physiopathology and Transplant, Milan University, Neuro ICU, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F Sforza, 35, Milan, Italy; Videtta, W., ICU Neurocritical Care, Hospital Nacional ‘Prof. a. Posadas’, El Palomar, Pcia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Armonda, R., Department of Neurosurgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Medstar Health, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC, United States; Badjatia, N., Department of Neurology, University of Maryland Medical Center, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD, United States; Bösel, J., Department of Neurology, Ruprect-Karls University, Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, Heidelberg, Germany; Chesnut, R., Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Mailstop 359766, 325 Ninth Ave, Seattle, WA, United States; Chou, S., Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, United States; Claassen, J., Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, Milstein 8 Center Room 300, New York, NY, United States; Czosnyka, M., Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Box 167, Cambridge, United Kingdom; De Georgia, M., University Hospital Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, United States; Figaji, A., University of Cape Town, 617 Institute for Child Health, Red Cross Children’s Hospital, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa; Fugate, J., Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, United States; Helbok, R., Department of Neurology, Neurocritical Care Unit, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstr.35, Innsbruck, Austria; Horowitz, D., University of Pennsylvania Health System, 3701 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Hutchinson, P., Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Box 167 Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Kumar, M., Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3 West Gates, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, United States; McNett, M., Nursing Research, The MetroHealth System, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH, United States; Miller, C., Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases and Neurocritical Care, The Ohio State University, 395W. 12th Ave, 7th Floor, Columbus, OH, United States; Naidech, A., Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg, SOM 710, N Lake Shore Drive, 11th Floor, Chicago, IL, United States; Oddo, M., Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Biology and Medicine University of Lausanne, CHUV University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; Olson, D.W., University of Texas Southwestern, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, United States; O’Phelan, K., Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, JMH, 1611 NW 12th Ave, Suite 405, Miami, FL, United States; Javier Provencio, J., Cerebrovascular Center and Neuroinflammation Research Center, Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, NC30, Cleveland, OH, United States; Puppo, C., Intensive Care Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Riker, R., Critical Care Medicine, Maine Medical Center, 22 Bramhall Street, Portland, ME, United States; Roberson, C., Department of Neurosurgery, Ben Taub Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, 1504 Taub Loop, Houston, TX, United States; Schmidt, M., Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Milstein Hospital 8 Garden South, Suite 331, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY, United States; Taccone, F., Department of Intensive Care, Laboratoire de Recherche Experimentale, Erasme Hospital, Route de Lennik, 808, Brussels, Belgium	A variety of technologies have been developed to assist decision-making during the management of patients with acute brain injury who require intensive care. A large body of research has been generated describing these various technologies. The Neurocritical Care Society (NCS) in collaboration with the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM), the Society for Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), and the Latin America Brain Injury Consortium (LABIC) organized an international, multidisciplinary consensus conference to perform a systematic review of the published literature to help develop evidence-based practice recommendations on bedside physiologic monitoring. This supplement contains a Consensus Summary Statement with recommendations and individual topic reviews on physiologic processes important in the care of acute brain injury. In this article we provide the evidentiary tables for select topics including systemic hemodynamics, intracranial pressure, brain and systemic oxygenation, EEG, brain metabolism, biomarkers, processes of care and monitoring in emerging economies to provide the clinician ready access to evidence that supports recommendations about neuromonitoring. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York.	Bio-informatics; Biomarkers; Brain metabolism; Brain oxygen; Brain physiology; Clinical guidelines; Clinical trials; Consensus development conference; Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE); Intracranial pressure; Microdi	None	None
WoS	WOS:000306670300012	The adult population impact of HIV care and antiretroviral therapy in a resource poor setting, 2003-2008	Ackers, Marta,Adamu-Zeh, Mirabelle,Broz, Dita,Gargano, Julia W.,Laserson, Kayla,Marston, Barbara,Muttai, Hellen,Nyabiage, Lennah,Odhiambo, Frank,Orimba, Vincent,Owuor, Karen,Sewe, Maquins,Williamson, John	2012	AIDS	26	12	10.1097/QAD.0b013e328353b7b9	CDC Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Minist Hlth	None	Objective: To describe the population uptake of HIV care including antiretroviral therapy (ART) and its impact on adult mortality in a rural area of western Kenya with high HIV prevalence during a period of rapid HIV services scale-up. Design: Adult medical chart data were abstracted at health facilities providing HIV care/ART to residents of a Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) and linked with HDSS demographic and mortality data. Methods: We evaluated secular trends in patient characteristics across enrollment years and estimated proportions of HIV-positive adult residents receiving care. We evaluated adult (18-64 years) population mortality trends using verbal autopsy findings. Results: From 2003 to 2008, 5421 HDSS-resident adults enrolled in HIV care; 61.4% (n = 3331) were linked to HDSS follow-up data. As the number of facilities expanded from 1 (2003) to 17 (2008), receipt of HIV services by HIV-positive residents increased from less than 1 to 29.5%, and ART coverage reached 64.0% of adults with CD4 cell count less than 250 cells/mu l. The proportion of patients with WHO stage 4 at enrollment decreased from 20.4 to 1.9%, and CD4 cell count testing at enrollment increased from 1.0 to 53.4%. Population-level mortality rates for adults declined 34% for all causes, 26% for AIDS/tuberculosis, and 47% for other infectious diseases; noninfectious disease mortality rates remained constant. Conclusion: The initial years of rapid HIV service expansion coincided with a drop in adult mortality by a third. Continued expansion of population access to HIV clinical services, including ART, and program quality improvements will be necessary to achieve further progress in reducing HIV-related morbidity and mortality. (C) 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins	AIDS/HIV,"ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",MORTALITY,"POPULATION SURVEILLANCE","COTRIMOXAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS",HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS,INFECTIOUS-DISEASES,MORTALITY,"PROSPECTIVE COHORT","RURAL WESTERN KENYA",SOUTH-AFRICA,TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE,UGANDA,"VERB	None	None
WoS	WOS:000262517900008	The impact of distance of residence from a peripheral health facility on pediatric health utilisation in rural western Kenya	Adazu, Kubaje,Audi, Allan,Feikin, Daniel R.,Lindblade, Kim A.,Nguyen, Ly Minh,Ombok, Maurice,Slutsker, Laurence	2009	TROPICAL MEDICINE &amp; INTERNATIONAL HEALTH	14	1	10.1111/j.1365-3156.2008.02193.x	CDC, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr	None	To explore the impact of distance on utilisation of peripheral health facilities for sick child visits in Asembo, rural western Kenya. As part of a demographic surveillance system (DSS), censuses of all households in the Asembo population of 55 000 are conducted three times a year, data are collected at all outpatient pediatric visits in seven DSS clinics in Asembo, and all households are GIS-mapped and linkable to a child's unique DSS identification number. Between May 1, 2003 and April 30, 2004, 3501 clinic visits were linked to 2432 children among 10 973 DSS-resident children &lt; 5 years of age. Younger children and children with more severe illnesses travelled further for clinic visits. The median distance travelled varied by clinic. The rate of clinic visits decreased linearly at 0.5 km intervals up to 4 km, after which the rate stabilised. Using Poisson regression, controlling for the nearest DSS clinic for each child, socio-economic status and maternal education, and accounting for household clustering of children, for every 1 km increase in distance of residence from a DSS clinic, the rate of clinic visits decreased by 34% (95% CI, 31-37%) from the previous kilometer. Achieving equity in access to health care for children in rural Kenya will require creative strategies to address a significant distance-decay effect in health care utilisation.	"access to care",DISTANCE,"health care utilisation",KENYA,ATTENDANCE,CHILDREN,DISTRICT,FEVERS,MALARIA,MORTALITY,SERVICES	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940192013	Impact of globalisation on higher education curriculum restructuring in India : Comparing the trends in Kerala and Tamil Nadu	David S.A., Wildemeersch D.	2014	Indian Journal of Social Work	75	4	None	British University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; University of Johannesberg, South Africa; Kathoiieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium	David, S.A., British University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, University of Johannesberg, South Africa; Wildemeersch, D., Kathoiieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium	This study focuses on the implications of globalisation on higher education curriculum restructuring. Recent industrial developments in India, particularly the massive growth of Information and Communication Technology, and the job market has a strong influence on curriculum restructuring. A comparative analysis on the trends in Kerala and Tamil Nadu reveal that the curriculum in Tamil Nadu has been restructured much in line with the above arguments, while the developments in Kerala seem to be cautious even though similar approaches are evident. The six selected higher educational institutions deal with higher education curriculum restructuring differently, given the nature of governance, strategies and priorities of these Universities.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000281862300002	The correlates of HIV testing and impacts on sexual behavior: evidence from a life history study of young people in Kisumu, Kenya	Izugbara, Chimaraoke O.,Kabiru, Caroline W.,Luke, Nancy,Zulu, Eliya M.	2010	BMC PUBLIC HEALTH	10	None	10.1186/1471-2458-10-412	Brown University, African Inst Dev Policy AFIDEP, African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr	"Luke, Nancy: Brown University",	Background: HIV counseling and testing is considered an important component of HIV prevention and treatment. This paper examines the characteristics of young males and females at the time of first reported HIV test, including the influence of recent sexual partnerships, and investigates how HIV testing and the cumulative number of tests are associated with sexual behaviors within six months of testing. Methods: The study uses data from a random sample of youth aged 18-24 years living in Kisumu, Kenya, who were interviewed using a 10-year retrospective life history calendar. Cox regression models were used to examine the correlates of the timing of first HIV test. Variance-correction models for unordered repeated events were employed to examine whether having an HIV test in the previous six months and the cumulative number of tests predict unsafe sexual practices in a given month. Results: Sixty-four percent of females and 55% of males reported at least one HIV test in the last 10 years and 40% of females were pregnant the month of first test. Significant correlates of first HIV test included marital aspirations among non-pregnant females, unprotected sex in the previous six months among pregnant females, and concurrency in the previous six months among males. Having a recent HIV test was associated with a decreased likelihood of unprotected sex among ever-pregnant females, an increased likelihood of unprotected sex and "risky" sexual partnerships among never-pregnant females, and an increased likelihood of concurrency among males. Repeated HIV testing was associated with a lower likelihood of concurrency among males and involvement in "risky" sexual partnerships among males and never-pregnant females. Conclusions: The high rate of pregnancy at first test suggests that promotion of HIV testing as part of prevention of mother-to-child transmission is gaining success. Further research is warranted to examine how and why behavior change is influenced by client-versus provider-initiated testing. The influence of different sexual partnership variables for males and females suggests that interventions to assess risk and promote testing should be gender-and relationship-specific. The findings also suggest that encouraging repeat or routine testing could potentially increase the uptake of safer sexual behaviors.	,ADOLESCENTS,BOTSWANA,CALENDAR,CLIENTS,"CONDOM USE",FERTILITY,HIGH-RISK,POPULATION,PREVALENCE,SERVICES	None	None
WoS	WOS:000332851300011	Impact of Domestic Care Environment on Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Orphans in Western Kenya	Atwoli, Lukoye,Ayaya, Samuel,Ayuku, David,Braitstein, Paula,Hogan, Joseph,Koech, Julius,Vreeman, Rachel Christine	2014	PLOS ONE	9	3	10.1371/journal.pone.0089937	Brown University, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University System, Moi University, Regenstrief Institute Inc, United States Agency for International Development (USAID), University of Toronto, USAID Acad Model Providing Access Healthcare AMPA	"Atwoli, Lukoye: Moi University","Ayaya, Samuel: Moi University","Ayuku, David: Moi University","Koech, Julius: United States Agency for International Development (USAID)",	Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the domestic care environment on the prevalence of potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among orphaned and separated children in Uasin Gishu County, western Kenya. Methods: A total of 1565 (55.5% male) orphaned and separated adolescents aged 10-18 years (mean 13.8 years, sd 2.2), were assessed for PTSD and PTEs including bullying, physical abuse and sexual abuse. In this sample, 746 lived in extended family households, 746 in Charitable Children's Institutions (CCIs), and 73 on the street. Posttraumatic stress symptom (PTSS) scores and PTSD were assessed using the Child PTSD Checklist. Results: Bullying was the commonest PTE in all domestic care environments, followed by physical and sexual abuse. All PTEs were commonest among the street youth followed by CCIs. However, sexual abuse was more prevalent in households than in CCIs. Prevalence of PTSD was highest among street youth (28.8%), then households (15.0%) and CCIs (11.5%). PTSS scores were also highest among street youth, followed by CCIs and households. Bullying was associated with higher PTSS scores and PTSD odds than either sexual or physical abuse. Conclusion: This study demonstrated differences in distribution of trauma and PTSD among orphaned and separated children in different domestic care environments, with street youth suffering more than those in CCIs or households. Interventions are needed to address bullying and sexual abuse, especially in extended family households. Street youth, a heretofore neglected population, are urgently in need of dedicated mental health services and support.	,ADOLESCENTS,AGGRESSION,CHILDREN,FOSTER,HEALTH,HOMELESS,SOUTH-AFRICA,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA",VICTIMIZATION,VIOLENCE	None	None
WoS	WOS:000296921600001	Impact of Integrated Family Planning and HIV Care Services on Contraceptive Use and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study	Carter, E. Jane,Kiarie, James,Kosgei, Rose J.,Lubano, Kizito M.,Mabeya, Hillary,Musick, Beverly S.,Mwangi, Ann,Shen, Changyu,Siika, Abraham M.,Wools-Kaloustian, Kara K.	2011	JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES	58	5	10.1097/QAI.0b013e318237ca80	Brown University, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University System, Moi University, United States Agency for International Development (USAID), University of Nairobi, KEMRI, USAID AMPATH Partnership	"Kiarie, James: University of Nairobi","Kosgei, Rose J.: United States Agency for International Development (USAID)","Shen, Changyu: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis","Shen, Changyu: Indiana University System",	Objective: To determine the impact of routine care (RC) and integrated family planning (IFP) and HIV care service on family planning (FP) uptake and pregnancy outcomes. Design: Retrospective cohort study conducted between October 10, 2005, and February 28, 2009. Setting: United States Agency for International Development-Academic Model Providing Access To Healthcare (USAID-AMPATH) in western Kenya. Subjects: Records of adult HIV-infected women. Intervention: Integration of FP into one of the care teams. Primary Outcomes Measures: Incidence of FP methods and pregnancy. Results: Four thousand thirty-one women (1453 IFP; 2578 RC) were eligible. Among the IFP group, there was a 16.7% increase (P, 0.001) [95% confidence interval (CI): 13.2% to 20.2%] in incidence of condom use, 12.9% increase (P, 0.001) (95% CI: 9.4% to 16.4%) in incidence of FP use including condoms, 3.8% reduction (P &lt; 0.001) (95% CI: 1.9% to 5.6%) in incidence of FP use excluding condoms, and 0.1% increase (P = 0.9) (95% CI: -1.9% to 2.1%) in incidence of pregnancies. The attributable risk of the incidence rate per 100 person-years of IFP and RC for new condom use was 16.4 (95% CI: 11.9 to 21.0), new FP use including condoms was 13.5 (95% CI: 8.7 to 18.3), new FP use excluding condoms was -3.0 (95% CI: -4.6 to -1.4) and new cases of pregnancies was 1.2 (95% CI: -0.6 to 3.0). Conclusions: Integrating FP services into HIV care significantly increased the use of modern FP methods but no impact on pregnancy incidence. HIV programs need to consider integrating FP into their program structure.	"HIV care","integrating family planning services","RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY","USAID-AMPATH partnership","ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",EXPERIENCE,FERTILITY,INFECTION,KENYA,SURVIVAL,TRANSMISSION,UGANDA,WOMEN	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84886018169	Performance of different potato genotypes under aeroponics system	Chiipanthenga M., Maliro M., Demo P., Njoloma J., Khumar N.	2013	Journal of Applied Horticulture	15	2	None	Bunda College of Agriculture, University of Malawi, Njuli-Estate, Malawi; Kasinthula Research Station, Department of Agricultural Research Services, Njuli-Estate, Malawi; International Potato Center (CIP), Njuli-Estate, Malawi; Universal Farming and Milling Ltd., Njuli-Estate, Malawi; World Agroforestry Centre, ICRAF Southern Africa, Kenya	Chiipanthenga, M., Bunda College of Agriculture, University of Malawi, Njuli-Estate, Malawi, Kasinthula Research Station, Department of Agricultural Research Services, Njuli-Estate, Malawi; Maliro, M., Bunda College of Agriculture, University of Malawi, Njuli-Estate, Malawi; Demo, P., International Potato Center (CIP), Njuli-Estate, Malawi; Njoloma, J., Bunda College of Agriculture, University of Malawi, Njuli-Estate, Malawi, World Agroforestry Centre, ICRAF Southern Africa, Kenya; Khumar, N., Universal Farming and Milling Ltd., Njuli-Estate, Malawi	Potato yields in developing countries are below potential yield because potato production is mainly constrained by lack of quality seed. Lack of potato seed systems to provide farmers with quality clean and certified potato seed has led majority of farmers save their own seed. Such potato seed is characterized by systemic viral and bacterial diseases that are transmitted from generation to generation and this leads to low crop yields. The study was aimed at exploring the use of tissue culture and aeroponics techniques in the production of quality potato seed. Potato plantlets were produced in the tissue culture laboratory at Bvumbwe Research Station, 15° 41′ 0″ South, 35° 8′ 0″ East in Thyolo district of Malawi and then transferred to an aeroponics facility at Njuli Estate, 15° 41′ 0″ South, 35° 8′ 0″ East in Chiradzulu district of Malawi. The four potato genotypes did not differ on plant growth performance, but responded differently to aeroponics system in terms of mini tuber yield and stolon numbers. Genotypes CIP381381.20 and CIP381381.13 showed superiority among the other tested genotypes in terms of tuber number per plant. Genotype CIP381381.20 produced significantly higher number of stolons than the rest. In this study, on an average 30 tubers were produced per plant under aeroponics system which is six times more than the conventional (use of soil-based substrate) seed potato production system under screen house conditions (5 tubers per plant) under Malawian conditions.	Aeroponics; Potato; Potato genotypes; Potato seed; Solanum tuberosum; Tissue culture	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867363043	What's in a name? The effect of a brand name on consumers' evaluation of fresh milk	Joubert J.P., Poalses J.	2012	International Journal of Consumer Studies	36	4	10.1111/j.1470-6431.2011.01065.x	Bureau of Market Research, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa	Joubert, J.P., Bureau of Market Research, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa; Poalses, J., Bureau of Market Research, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa	It is commonly accepted that packaged fresh milk available from reputable retail outlets taste the same and that when consumers choose between relatively similar products, such as milk, the purchasing decision tends to become simplified by considering product images and relying on brand names with clear and positive associations. One may thus ask whether the brand name of milk can influence consumers' evaluation of the actual sensory taste delivery. A quasi-experimental milk tasting was conducted to investigate this question. The procedure involved 312 participants who assessed milk from various milk brands that were decanted from either branded or unbranded packaging. The findings confirmed that the subjective associations bestowed on a brand name do indeed influence the way in which consumers experience the taste delivery of a milk product. This poses a challenge to milk brand manufacturers to identify alternative ways in which they could differentiate milk product offerings from competitor brands in order to retain or establish positive brand associations and ultimately ensure consumer loyalty. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.	Brand association; Brand name; Consumer liking; Fresh milk; Quasi-experimental design	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-60849092886	The impact of shopping mall development on small township retailers	Ligthelm A.A.	2008	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	11	1	None	Bureau of Market Research, University of South Africa, South Africa	Ligthelm, A.A., Bureau of Market Research, University of South Africa, South Africa	The retail sector forms a critical element of a community's economic and social welfare. It provides people with choices and services. These choices were until recently very limited in township areas. The pre-1994 retail landscape was dominated by small, often informal businesses offering basic household necessities to relatively low income earners. This has resulted in township residents' preference to shop outside townships, known as 'outshopping'. Rapid income growth of township residents since 1994 resulted in a substantial increase in consumer expenditure in these areas, known as 'in-bound shopping'. This lucrative emerging market forms the last retail frontier in South Africa and is being explored by national retailers, especially supermarket chains. This article is aimed at establishing the impact of shopping mall development in townships on the traditional small township retailers including spaza/tuck shops. The net balance sheet on the impact of shopping mall development on small township retailers clearly suggests a decline in the township retailers' market share. A change in small business model towards, inter alia, effective customer service with a small dedicated assortment of merchandise, satisfaction of emergency needs, selling in small units and extension of credit facilities may result in the survival of some small township retailers (albeit often at a smaller turnover).	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-53649110745	Classroom goal structure and students' cognitive performance	Nwokocha P.I., Akpomi M.E., Nnadi M.A.	2008	European Journal of Scientific Research	19	4	None	Business Education Department, Faculty of Technical and Science Education, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria	Nwokocha, P.I., Business Education Department, Faculty of Technical and Science Education, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Akpomi, M.E., Business Education Department, Faculty of Technical and Science Education, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Nnadi, M.A., Business Education Department, Faculty of Technical and Science Education, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria	Over the past 25 years, achievement goal theory has emerged as one of the most prominent theories of achievement motivation. This study uses an achievement goal framework to examine the influence of classroom goal structure on students' academic performance and attitude toward mathematics. Three hundred and fifty (350) students in four, non-residential co-educational secondary schools were randomly assigned to experimental and control structures. Students in each structure were exposed to the learning strategies of the structure they were in. The control group had no instructions; it was simply the convention class. Data on the relevant variables were obtained from the mean scores of each structure on the two tests. Using ANOVA for the analysis, the results revealed that students in the co-operative goal structure were significantly different from the students in the competitive, individualistic and control settings in the mathematics achievement test. There was, however, no statistically significant difference among students in all the four modes in the mathematics attitude measure. Implications of the findings are discussed and recommendations made. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2008.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-38349113448	Enhancing Nigerian business students' interests and performance in office management through the cooperative learning approach	Koko M.N.	2007	European Journal of Scientific Research	19	1	None	Business Education Department, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Koko, M.N., Business Education Department, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	This study examined the effect of Cooperative Learning Approach (CLA) as an enhancement tool for Business students' interests and performance in Office Management in Nigeria. The sample consisted of 98 final-year students who offered BED 431 in the (2004/2005 academic session) selected through the simple random sampling technique and divided into control and experimental group using balloting. The OMIS and OMAT were the instruments used for data collection. The quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test design was adopted in the study. The results revealed that the experimental group, exposed to the Cooperative Learning Approach, exhibited higher interest and performance in Office Management than the Control group taught through the traditional method. It was therefore concluded that Cooperative Learning Approach enhances students' interest and performance and should therefore be adopted by educationists at all levels of education in Nigeria. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2007.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880840505	Relative importance of satisfaction dimensions on service performance: A developing country context	Frimpong K., Wilson A.	2013	Journal of Service Management	24	4	10.1108/JOSM-07-2012-0151	Business School, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIMPA), Accra, Ghana; Marketing, Strathclyde Business School, Glasgow, United Kingdom	Frimpong, K., Business School, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIMPA), Accra, Ghana; Wilson, A., Marketing, Strathclyde Business School, Glasgow, United Kingdom	Purpose: This paper seeks to examine the relevance of some existing Western motivation and job design theories in explaining employees' service performance, termed service orientation in delivery, in a developing country context. Design/methodology/approach: The satisfaction-performance thesis and the two factor theory (motivation and hygiene factors) are tested using a case study from a developing economy, Ghana. Survey data were collected from 535 retail bank employees of two large commercial banks across 85 branches in the final phase of the research. Multiple and hierarchical regression as well as split sample analyses were used to examine data. Findings: Overall, the findings indicate some support for the validity and relevance of the satisfaction-service performance thesis even in a non-developed economy. Some outcomes, however, seem to challenge the validity of the two factor theory: context/hygiene satisfaction elements emerged as better predictors of service performance than content/motivator factors. In particular, context satisfaction dimension relating to co-workers appeared to be the most important predictor. Satisfaction with pay and rewards, however, appeared unimportant to the service performance of the bank employees surveyed. Research limitations/implications: As the research was limited to the banking sector from only one developing country, generalisations and applications of its findings should be made with caution. Future studies which provide broader conceptual and empirical views, in terms of how specific co-worker attitudes and behaviours motivate or discourage service-oriented performances in multi-country studies, could be useful. Practical implications: Despite its limitations, the confirmation of the satisfaction-performance thesis in this paper may indicate to managers that some, if not all, of the management theories taught in American/European schools may be equally relevant to developing economies such as Ghana. In addition, the findings provide managers with insights regarding the potential importance of context satisfaction elements to employees' service performance. Originality/value: Overall, the broad findings from the study indicate some support for the relevance of the satisfaction-service performance thesis even in a non-developed economy, characterised by relatively challenging economic conditions. However, some outcomes reported in this paper seem to challenge the validity of the two factor theory and its relevance for job motivation and design. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Customer services quality; Developing countries; Ghana; Job satisfaction; Service orientation; Service quality/performance	None	None
None	None	Evaluating the missing links in the relationship between executives' compensation and firm performance	Mori N., Munisi G.	2014	International Journal of Business and Globalisation	12	3	10.1504/IJBG.2014.060215	Business School, University of Dar Es Salaam, P.O. Box 35046, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Norwegian Centre for Microfinance Research, University of Agder, Postboks 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway; Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, University of Agder, Postboks 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway	Mori, N., Business School, University of Dar Es Salaam, P.O. Box 35046, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Norwegian Centre for Microfinance Research, University of Agder, Postboks 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway; Munisi, G., Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, University of Agder, Postboks 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway	The research on the relationship between executive compensation and firm performance is extensive but has produced inconsistent results and, typically, weak explanatory power. One cause of these results is use of an incomplete theoretical framework that ignores some variables that are related to these two concepts. We explore the missing links between them. The paper contributes to scholarly and practical understanding of this important issue in the literature by extending and combining agency theory, upper echelons theory, and motivation theory perspectives. The paper develops a model that describes and explains the interactive relationship between executive managerial ability, executive compensation, strategic choices and firm performance. It puts forward the argument that executive managerial ability is related to strategic choices, and executive compensation moderates this relationship. Additionally, the paper suggests that strategic choice is an important variable that has not been explicitly accounted for in the relationship between compensation and firm performance. Copyright © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Executive compensation; Firm performance; Managerial ability; Motivation; Strategic choice	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78649439813	Searching for security: Case studies of the impact of work restructuring on households in South Korea, South Africa and Australia	Lambert R., Webster E.	2010	Journal of Industrial Relations	52	5	10.1177/0022185610381672	Business School, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009, Australia; University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Lambert, R., Business School, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009, Australia; Webster, E., University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	The reconfiguration of the employment relationship - through the growing intensification, informalization and casualization of work, downsizing and retrenchments - impacts directly on workers' households and the communities within which they are embedded. To understand these responses, we need to rethink the way we study the changing employment relationship. Employment relations should not only analyse the workplace: we need to research workers in the totality of their lives. To comprehend these processes we surveyed and interviewed workers in the workplace and in their households and communities. Through following workers into their homes and communities in South Africa, Australia and South Korea, the differential impact of the global restructuring of one industry, the white goods industry, on the non-working life of working people emerged. Two types of responses were identified: on the one hand, a retreat from, or an adaptation to, rapid market liberalization; on the other, mobilization to challenge the market. All three research sites evidenced innovative attempts at the local level to search for security. However, these responses lacked an overall vision of alternative possibilities to the realities of the free market paradigm of globalization. © Industrial Relations Society of Australia.	employment relations; globalization; households; security; white goods; workplace industrial relations	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84871891224	Vowel targeted intervention for children with persisting speech difficulties: Impact on intelligibility	Speake J., Stackhouse J., Pascoe M.	2012	Child Language Teaching and Therapy	28	3	10.1177/0265659012453463	Cambridgeshire Community Services NHS Trust, Child Health, Ida Darwin Fulbourn, Cambridge, CB1 9SA, United Kingdom; University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; University of Cape Town, South Africa	Speake, J., Cambridgeshire Community Services NHS Trust, Child Health, Ida Darwin Fulbourn, Cambridge, CB1 9SA, United Kingdom; Stackhouse, J., University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Pascoe, M., University of Cape Town, South Africa	Compared to the treatment of consonant segments, the treatment of vowels is infrequently described in the literature on children's speech difficulties. Vowel difficulties occur less frequently than those with consonants but may have significant impact on intelligibility. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of vowel targeted intervention (VTI) with two 10-year-old children with severe and persisting speech difficulties measures of (a) percentage vowels correct and (b) intelligibility outcomes by peer group listeners were used. Assessment of vowel production was used to design and carry out intervention for each child, the success of which was measured in two ways: comparing (a) percentage of vowels correct before and after the intervention, (b) the percentage of pre- vs. post-intervention utterances understood by a group of typical peer listeners (aged 9 to 11 years). Pre- and post-intervention speech samples (comprising single words, imitated sentences and spontaneous speech) were edited onto a CD for these listeners, who were asked to write down what had been said. The two children with speech difficulties made significant improvement in vowel production as measured by the percentage of vowels correct. The listeners perceived more productions accurately post-intervention than pre-intervention. There was also a reduction in the range of the listeners' misperceptions of target words. VTI was effective in terms of both increasing PVC and intelligibility outcomes as judged by peer group listeners. It is not more complicated to carry out VTI than consonant targeted intervention; this should be considered more often when planning therapy for children where vowels are affected. © The Author(s) 2012.	intelligibility; intervention; peer-group listeners; persisting speech difficulties; treatment outcomes; vowels	None	None
WoS	WOS:000238591500004	An evaluation of e-readiness assessment tools with respect to information access: Towards an integrated information rich tool	Mutula, SM,van Brakel, P	2006	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT	26	3	10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2006.02.004	Cape Peninsula University of Technology	None	This paper is an offshoot of the findings of a doctoral thesis carried out at the University of Johannesburg (formerly Rand Afrikaans University) in South Africa on the assessment of e-readiness tools with respect to information access. The paper argues that information is a key component in the e-readiness equation and yet it is not given much emphasis in the e-readiness extant tools, but is instead subsumed under Information and Communication Technology (ICT). The paper notes that the various major segments of e-readiness as synthesised from existing tools are scattered in different tools making their use painstakingly cumbersome. The paper proposes a new e-readiness integrated tool that emphasises information access and also collocates the various segments of organizational, ICT, human resources, and external readiness into one single tool. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	"digital divide",e-readiness,ICTS,"INFORMATION ACCESS","INFORMATION MANAGEMENT","COMPUTER-MEDIATED COMMUNICATION",SYSTEMS	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904419955	Reassessment of the environmental impacts of sulphur oxide emissions from power stations	Lloyd P.	2013	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	24	2	None	Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa	Lloyd, P., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa	It is a deeply entrenched belief that emissions of sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere are harmful to the environment, and that sulphur compounds should be removed from the gaseous wastes before discharge. The difficulties with this view are summarised. Extensive work in both North America and Europe has failed to demonstrate any of the early claims for impacts such as forest death. The claims for health effects seem unduly conservative and not supported by reliable data. There are even negative impacts from reducing sulphur emissions. Claims for high external costs associated with coal-fired power generation in South Africa are the result of arithmetic errors. The installation of flue-gas desulphurisation on the latest Eskom power station, Kusile, is shown to be completely unsustainable in the light of the minimal benefits that the considerable costs will bring.	Environmental impacts; Power stations; Sulphur oxide	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892525449	Effects of poor training and development on the work performance of the fast food employees in Cape Town	Ukandu N.E., Ukpere W.I.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	14	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n14p571	Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, P. o. Box, 524, Johannesburg, South Africa	Ukandu, N.E., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa; Ukpere, W.I., Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, P. o. Box, 524, Johannesburg, South Africa	This research was conducted to establish whether the fast food employees within the Cape Town metropolis were being trained, and if not, what can be the possible reason for the lack of training. Fast food employers depend on their workers' skills, knowledge and abilities for effective customer services, which make it necessary for workers to be trained and developed to achieve a better work performance. The objective of this study is to evaluate the state of training and development within the fast food outlets, in order to establish the impact of the current state of training and development on employees' work performance. The purpose is to suggest ways of improving employee job performances through training and development at fast food outlets in Cape Town. Furthermore, to encourage the management of fast food outlets in Cape Town, in order to implement training and development of workers in their workplaces as this will improve the work performance of their employees. The sample consisted of 200 employees from different fast food outlets, out of which 123 responded. A triangulation method was utilized to find information from the different units within the fast food outlets. The the managers, cashiers, production units and others form part of the sample. A closed-ended questionnaire was used. The results obtained proved that a majority of fast food employees in Cape Town do not receive enough training compared to what they should. However, some ex-staff members suggested that there is a need for employee training and development at fast food outlets to improve their job performances.	Development; Employee work performance; Fast food outlets; Job satisfaction; Skills; Training; Workplace	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897398367	Factors impacting job satisfaction of employees in the fast food industry in Cape Town	Ukandu N.E., Ukpere W.I.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	3	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n3p51	Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, P. o. Box, 524, Johannesburg, South Africa	Ukandu, N.E., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa; Ukpere, W.I., Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, P. o. Box, 524, Johannesburg, South Africa	Job satisfaction increases the level of performance in any organisation including the fast food outlets. Job satisfaction helps to stimulate employees' commitment in the workplace. In other words, employee satisfaction is vital for organisational development and growth. The fast food workers are unique and have their individual needs, potentials, values and goals. Job satisfaction can also enhance the level of motivation in the workplace. Hence, when the workers are satisfied, they also tend to be motivated towards organisational goals. This paper aims to look at factors impacting the job satisfaction of employee within the fast food industry, in order to proffer ways of improving the level of job satisfaction of fast food employees, in order to achieve a high level of employee and organisational performance. A survey concentrated mainly on the fast food industry. Only fast food employees with at least six (6) months experience were selected for the study, in order to obtain a reliable and valid response. Data was obtained from both the operational workers, administration, cashiers and the managers. A total of 200 closed-ended questionnaires were distributed and 123 employees responded, which gave a response rate of 62.5%. Research finding shows that the rate of personal growth of the employees in their workplace was not satisfactory with a rate of 56.1% respondents. Also, the flexible time plan was not very satisfactory to the workers since they were given a flexible time sometimes during busy periods. In addition, the employees were not allowed to participate in decisions that affects them. It is thus proposed that fast food employees should be empowered through effective participation in decision making. Moreover, the employee skills should be improved through coaching and feedback system.	Employee Commitment; Employee dissatisfaction; Job satisfaction; Pay and benefits; Working Conditions	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84953222801	Testicular and Related Size Evaluations in Nigerian Sahel Goats with Optimal Cauda Epididymal Sperm Reserve	Abba Y., Igbokwe I.O.	2015	Veterinary Medicine International	2015	None	10.1155/2015/357519	Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang	Abba, Y., Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria, Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Igbokwe, I.O., Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria	Testicular sizes of animals are important for identification of those with adequate sperm production. The aim of this study was to define the testicular and related size estimates that would be associated with optimal cauda epididymal sperm counts (ESC) in Sahel goats based on postmortem evaluations. A stratified quota sample population of 125 male goats inclusive of all testicular sizes was taken at a slaughterhouse in Maiduguri, Nigeria. The bucks were aged 18-30 months and weighed 17.04 ± 2.99 (12-25) kg. Body, testicular, and epididymal weights of each goat with other related size measurements were estimated. ESC was determined from homogenized tissue using a manual cytometer. At the cut-off ESC of &gt;1.1 × 109 sperm heads, 66 (52.80%) of the goats had optimal ESC which was associated with testicular weight of 59.90 ± 16.10 (31.40-86.20) g, gonadosomatic index of 3.51 ± 0.69 (2.00-4.50) g/kg, and scrotal circumference of 19.07 ± 1.29 (17.00-21.80) cm. The size variables of the scrotum and testis correlated with one another and with the ESC. These findings provide data that may be used to anticipate adequate antemortem sperm reserve based on testicular size during preliminary selection of sires for breeding from a sexually mature Sahel buck population. © 2015 Y. Abba and I. O. Igbokwe.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-58449103798	Sport tourism event impacts on the host community: A case study of red bull big wave Africa	Ntloko N.J., Swart R.	2008	South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation	30	2	None	Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa; Human Sciences Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; 22 Devonshire Close, Parklands 7441, South Africa	Ntloko, N.J., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa, Human Sciences Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa, 22 Devonshire Close, Parklands 7441, South Africa; Swart, R., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa	The focus of this article is on the management and social impacts of sport tourism events on the host community. This article specifically evaluates the Red Bull Big Wave Africa (RBBWA) event as a case study. Of cognisance is the host community's involvement, perceptions, attitudes and an understanding of costs and benefits linked to the event, at the same time providing a critical view on the management aspects of the event and impacts evident from the host community's point of view. Survey questionnaires, interviews and direct observations were carried out as methods of obtaining data. Altogether 200 residents, two community leaders and one organiser took part in the investigation. The results indicated the event has entertainment value; provides economic benefits in particular for local businesses; promotes community pride and act as regional showcase. On the other hand, the analysis indicated the event as causing minimal disruption to local residents including use of public facilities, mainly for residents in close proximity to the event. In addition, negative environmental impacts and social inequalities became evident. The article reflects a strong link between management and impact of events as a measure to maximise the positive impacts and minimise the negative impacts.	Event impacts; Host community; Sport tourism events	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907294002	Financial performance measures and business objectives attainment in fast food SMMEs in the Cape Metropolis: A preliminary liability and suitability analysis	Ngary C., Smit Y., Bruwer J.-P., Ukpere W.I.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	20	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p909	Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O.Box 625, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa	Ngary, C., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O.Box 625, Cape Town, South Africa; Smit, Y., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O.Box 625, Cape Town, South Africa; Bruwer, J.-P., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O.Box 625, Cape Town, South Africa; Ukpere, W.I., Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa	According to the Small Business Act No. 102 of 1996, Small Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) were introduced by the South African government to assist with the achievement of uplifting the national economy to reduce the rising trend unemployment and poverty in the country. SMMEs are believed to contribute up to 30% of the Gross Domestic Product of South Africa and are further believed to be responsible for absorbing up to 80% of the national labour force. Regrettably, prior research suggests that these initiatives have not succeeded in reducing unemployment and eradicating poverty, since more than 75% of SMMEs have been reported to fail within their first two years of existence. Economic factors have been blamed for the dismal outcomes. However, the achievement of business objectives is very relevant to how a business is managed, particularly from a financial outlook. In essence, the current authors are of the view that SMMEs were not attaining their objectives owing to the ineffective utilisation of financial performance measures, which consequently affects the smooth existence of these entities as a going concern. The main objective of this paper was to determine the extent to which SMMEs make use of financial performance measures to attain their business objectives. The research adopted a quantitative approach, which entails the collection of data from 30 SMMEs leaders (owners and/or managers) in the Cape Metropolis. All participants were required to adhere to a list of strict delineation criteria. The finding reveals that SMMEs leaders do make use of financial performance measures to manage their respective businesses towards the attainment of business objectives, but only to a limited extent. © MCSER-Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research.	Business objectives; Fast food industry; Financial performance measures; SMMEs; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84944549252	Corporate social responsibility and organisational performance of a professional football club in South Africa	Moyo T., Davies S.E.H., Joubert E.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	13	1CONT5	None	Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa	Moyo, T., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa; Davies, S.E.H., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa; Joubert, E., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa	This research investigated the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and organisational performance at Ajax Cape Town FC a professional football club in the South African Premier Soccer League (PSL). The data collected suggested that Ajax Cape Town FC employed CSR initiatives and consequently enjoyed various benefits from these activities. The CSR activities facilitated access to the club’s target market, developed and improved mutually beneficial relations with the community and consequently Ajax Cape Town FC experienced increased trust, a positive brand image and stronger loyalty from their fans. The outcomes of this study provide an insight into a South African professional football club and demonstrate how CSR initiatives can be used to successfully improve organisational performance. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Civil law; Common law; Corporate governance; Hedge funds; Shareholder activism	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84885408544	Monitoring outcomes and impacts of capacity development in the water sector: A Cap-Net UNDP experience	Gunawardana I., Leendertse K., Handoko W.	2013	Water Policy	15	SUPPL.2	10.2166/wp.2013.121	Cap-Net UNDP, Pretoria, South Africa; CK Net, IHE Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia	Gunawardana, I., Cap-Net UNDP, Pretoria, South Africa; Leendertse, K., Cap-Net UNDP, Pretoria, South Africa; Handoko, W., CK Net, IHE Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia	Cap-Net UNDP is an international capacity development network for integrated water resources management (IWRM). Cap-Net's approach of working through regional and country networks is an effective method of drawing together various experts from different disciplines, fostering local ownership for capacity development and scaling-up implementation of IWRM. This paper discusses the lessons drawn from outcome monitoring of Cap-Net capacity development courses for 2 consecutive years 2010-12. Cap-Net follows the Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning Plan that it developed and this helps Cap-Net to learn about progress towards its objectives. It also allows for corrective measures to the on-going process in capacity development program delivery. Lessons from the outcome monitoring exercises provided guidance for revision of monitoring approaches in order to capture the outcomes and impacts and to contribute to the overall goal of Cap-Net. It was realized that interest and involvement of partner networks, continuous follow-up of the courses and standardized processes are important for successful monitoring. © IWA Publishing 2013.	Capacity development; Evaluation; Impacts; Monitoring; Outcome	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903383448	Building capacity to measure long-term impact on women's empowerment: CARE's Women's Empowerment Impact Measurement Initiative	Karim N., Picard M., Gillingham S., Berkowitz L.	2014	Gender and Development	22	2	10.1080/13552074.2014.920977	CARE USA, 151 Ellis Street NE, Atlanta, GA 30303-2440, United States; 5718 Clark Street, Montreal, QC H2T 2V4, Canada; 72 Marlborough Road, Grandpont, Oxford OX 1 4LR, United Kingdom; 703 Hillside Village, 9th Street, Killarney, Johannesburg 2198, South Africa	Karim, N., CARE USA, 151 Ellis Street NE, Atlanta, GA 30303-2440, United States; Picard, M., 5718 Clark Street, Montreal, QC H2T 2V4, Canada; Gillingham, S., 72 Marlborough Road, Grandpont, Oxford OX 1 4LR, United Kingdom; Berkowitz, L., 703 Hillside Village, 9th Street, Killarney, Johannesburg 2198, South Africa	From 2010 to 2012, CARE USA implemented the Women's Empowerment Impact Measurement Initiative (WEIMI) to develop the necessary capacity, tools, guidance, and practice to measure and demonstrate the impact of its work on women's empowerment. The lessons and experiences from this initiative have been transformed into an online guidance tool being utilised throughout CARE to inform the process of developing robust theories of change and impact measurement systems for women's empowerment programmes. The WEIMI experience has contributed significantly to CARE's understanding of gender inequality and its implications for achieving broader impact. This article highlights key lessons learned and good practices that emerged in addressing the challenge of developing organisational impact measurement systems for women's empowerment long-term programmes. © 2014 Oxfam GB 2014.	gender; impact groups; impact measurement; social change; theory of change	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84942190785	The effect of performance-based financing on illness, care-seeking and treatment among children: An impact evaluation in Rwanda	Skiles M.P., Curtis S.L., Basinga P., Angeles G., Thirumurthy H.	2015	BMC Health Services Research	15	1	10.1186/s12913-015-1033-7	Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 400 Meadowmont Village Circle, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Global Health Program, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, United States; Rwanda Biomedical Center, Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda; Department Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States	Skiles, M.P., Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 400 Meadowmont Village Circle, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Curtis, S.L., Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 400 Meadowmont Village Circle, Chapel Hill, NC, United States, Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Basinga, P., Global Health Program, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, United States, Rwanda Biomedical Center, Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda; Angeles, G., Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 400 Meadowmont Village Circle, Chapel Hill, NC, United States, Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Thirumurthy, H., Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 400 Meadowmont Village Circle, Chapel Hill, NC, United States, Department Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States	Background: Performance-based financing (PBF) strategies are promoted as a supply-side, results-based financing mechanism to improve primary health care. This study estimated the effects of Rwanda's PBF program on less-incentivized child health services and examined the differential program impact by household poverty. Methods: Districts were allocated to intervention and comparison for PBF implementation in Rwanda. Using Demographic Health Survey data from 2005 to 2007-08, a community-level panel dataset of 5781 children less than 5 years of age from intervention and comparison districts was created. The impacts of PBF on reported childhood illness, facility care-seeking, and treatment received were estimated using a difference-in-differences model with community fixed effects. An interaction term between poverty and the program was estimated to identify the differential effect of PBF among children from poorer families. Results: There was no measurable difference in estimated probability of reporting illness with diarrhea, fever or acute respiratory infections between the intervention and comparison groups. Seeking care at a facility for these illnesses increased over time, however no differential effect by PBF was seen. The estimated effect of PBF on receipt of treatment for poor children is 45 percentage points higher (p∈=∈0.047) compared to the non-poor children seeking care for diarrhea or fever. Conclusions: PBF, a supply-side incentive program, improved the quality of treatment received by poor children conditional on patients seeking care, but it did not impact the propensity to seek care. These findings provide additional evidence that PBF incentivizes the critical role staff play in assuring quality services, but does little to influence consumer demand for these services. Efforts to improve child health need to address both supply and demand, with additional attention to barriers due to poverty if equity in service use is a concern. © 2015 Skiles et al.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000273449700027	Developmental monitoring using caregiver reports in a resource-limited setting: the case of Kilifi, Kenya	Abubakar, A.,Bomu, G.,Holding, P.,Van Baar, A.,van de Vijver, F.	2010	ACTA PAEDIATRICA	99	2	10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01561.x	Case Western Reserve University, North West University - South Africa, Tilburg University, University of Utrecht, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Res Programme	"Van Baar, A.: University of Utrecht",	Aim: The main aim of the current study was to evaluate the reliability, validity and acceptability of developmental monitoring using caregiver reports among mothers in a rural African setting. Methods: A structured interview for parents of children aged 24 months and less was developed through both participant consultation and a review of literature. The reliability and validity of the schedule was evaluated through a 10-month monitoring programme of 95 children, aged 2-10 months. The acceptability of the process was evaluated by studying retention rates and by organizing focus group discussions with participating mothers. Results: The structured interview 'Developmental Milestones Checklist' consisted of 66 items covering three broad domains of child functioning: motor, language and personal-social development. The interview yielded scores of developmental achievements that showed high internal consistency and excellent test-retest reliability. The results were sensitive to maturational changes and nutritional deficiencies. In addition, acceptable retention rates of approximately 80% were found. Participating mothers reported that they found the procedures both acceptable and beneficial. Conclusion: Developmental monitoring using caregiver report is a viable method to identify and monitor at-risk children in Sub-Saharan Africa.	Africa,"Caregiver reports",CHILDREN,"developmental monitoring",CARE,CHILD-DEVELOPMENT,DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES,"NEUROLOGICAL IMPAIRMENT",PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN,SERVICES	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84920374118	Evaluation of MALDI biotyping for rapid subspecies identification of carbapenemase-producing bacteria via protein profiling	Somboro A.M., Tiwari D., Shobo A., Bester L.A., Kruger H.G., Govender T., Essack S.Y.	2014	Mass Spectrometry Letters	5	4	10.5478/MSL.2014.5.4.110	Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Biomedical Resource Unit, Westville campus, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa; Antimicrobial Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	Somboro, A.M., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, Antimicrobial Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Tiwari, D., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Shobo, A., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Bester, L.A., Biomedical Resource Unit, Westville campus, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa; Kruger, H.G., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Govender, T., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Essack, S.Y., Antimicrobial Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	The method of direct mass spectrometry profiling is reliable and reproducible for the rapid identification of clinical isolates of bacteria and fungi. This is the first study evaluating the approach of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry profiling for rapid identification of carbapenemase-resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE). Proof of concept was achieved by the discrimination of CRE using MALDI Biotyper MS based on the protein. This profiling appears promising by the visual observation of consistent unique peaks, albeit low intensity, that could be picked up from the mean spectra (MSP) method. The Biotyper MSP creation and identification methods needed to be optimized to provide significantly improved differences in scores to allow for subspecies identification with and without carbapenemases. These spectra were subjected to visual peak picking and in all cases; there were pertinent differences in the presence or absence of potential biomarker peaks to differentiate isolates. We also evaluated this method for potential discrimination between different carbapenemases bacteria, utilizing the same strategy. Based on our data and pending further investigation in other CREs, MALDI-TOF MS has potential as a diagnostic tool for the rapid identification of even closely related carbapenemases but would require a paradigm shift in which Biotyper suppliers enable more flexible software control of mass spectral profiling methods. © 2014, Mass Spectrom. Lett. All rights reserved.	Carbapenemase; Enterobacteriaceae; MALDI-TOF MS	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84952651616	Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Teixobactin Analogue	Jad Y.E., Acosta G.A., Naicker T., Ramtahal M., El-Faham A., Govender T., Kruger H.G., De La Torre B.G., Albericio F.	2015	Organic Letters	17	24	10.1021/acs.orglett.5b03176	Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Institute for Research in Biomedicine-Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria, Egypt; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain	Jad, Y.E., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Acosta, G.A., Institute for Research in Biomedicine-Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, Spain; Naicker, T., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Ramtahal, M., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; El-Faham, A., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria, Egypt, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Govender, T., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Kruger, H.G., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; De La Torre, B.G., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Albericio, F., Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, Institute for Research in Biomedicine-Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria, Egypt, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain	The first synthesis and biological activity of a teixobactin analogue is reported. Substitution of the unusual l-allo-enduracididine residue by the naturally occurring l-arginine was achieved, and the analogue gave an activity trend similar to that of teixobactin (against Gram-postive bacteria) and meropenem, which was approved by the FDA in 1996. The synthetic route used allows for the synthesis of the natural product as well as the development of a program of medicinal chemistry. © 2015 American Chemical Society.	None	None	2014 SGR 137, Generalitat de Catalunya; RGP-234, KSU, Generalitat de Catalunya
WoS	WOS:000271954100013	A Critical Analysis of the Social and Economic Impact of Asian Diaspora in Kenya	Afolabi, N,Akala, Winston Jumba,Falola, T,Kiruthu, Felix,Ogino, Francis	2007	TRANS-ATLANTIC MIGRATION: THE PARADOXES OF EXILE	None	None	None	Catholic University of Eastern Africa, University of Nairobi	"Akala, Winston Jumba: Catholic University of Eastern Africa","Kiruthu, Felix: University of Nairobi","Ogino, Francis: University of Nairobi"	None	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84858766258	Early impacts of orphaning: Health, nutrition, and food insecurity in a cohort of school-going adolescents in South Africa	DeSilva M.B., Skalicky A., Beard J., Cakwe M., Zhuwau T., Quinlan T., Simon J.	2012	Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies	7	1	10.1080/17450128.2011.648968	Center for Global Health and Development (CGHD), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Health Economics and AIDS Research Division (HEARD), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa	DeSilva, M.B., Center for Global Health and Development (CGHD), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Skalicky, A., Center for Global Health and Development (CGHD), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Beard, J., Center for Global Health and Development (CGHD), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Cakwe, M., Health Economics and AIDS Research Division (HEARD), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Zhuwau, T., Health Economics and AIDS Research Division (HEARD), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Quinlan, T., Health Economics and AIDS Research Division (HEARD), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Simon, J., Center for Global Health and Development (CGHD), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States	We recruited a cohort of 157 recent orphans and 480 non-orphans aged 9-15 in a region of high HIV/AIDS mortality in South Africa using stratified cluster sampling to determine the impact of recent parental death on health and food insecurity of school-going orphans compared to non-orphans over time. Between September 2004 and June 2007, household heads, caregivers, and children were interviewed at three annual intervals. Bivariate associations and multivariate models were assessed using generalized estimating equations (GEE). In the health domain, compared to non-orphans, double orphans were more likely to report worse health status and being very ill in the previous 12 months. For those who reported being very ill, maternal or paternal orphans were more than twice as likely not to seek care than non-orphans; no differences were found for double orphans. For nutrition and food insecurity, maternal or paternal orphans were more likely not to have eaten dinner and to have gone to bed hungry the previous night compared to non-orphans; no differences were found for double orphans. Overall, recent school-aged orphans were disadvantaged in health and food insecurity within two years after the death of a parent, compared to their non-orphaned counterparts, but the disparities were smaller than expected. No changes in health, nutritional status, or food insecurity were apparent over the three study rounds. Longer term effects into adulthood may well be more pronounced and warrant careful longitudinal investigation. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	food insecurity; health; nutrition; orphans; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900403718	Investigation into the mineralogy and flotation performance of oxidised PGM ore	Becker M., Wiese J., Ramonotsi M.	2014	Minerals Engineering	65	None	10.1016/j.mineng.2014.04.009	Centre for Minerals Research, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Pilanesberg Platinum Mines, Centurion, South Africa	Becker, M., Centre for Minerals Research, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Wiese, J., Centre for Minerals Research, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Ramonotsi, M., Pilanesberg Platinum Mines, Centurion, South Africa	The 2.05 Ga Bushveld Complex in South Africa, host to many lucrative ore deposits, is surprisingly pristine and unaltered given its geological age. In some areas, however, there is evidence of low temperature weathering, alteration and oxidation, most commonly observed when the ore is near surface. The Pilanesburg Platinum Mines (PPM) operation in South Africa treats ore from an open pit and routinely suffers from low and erratic platinum group element (PGE) flotation recoveries. This study investigates the effect of oxidation on the mineralogy and flotation performance of PPM "silicate reef" ore and evaluates the effect of alkyl hydroxamate (AM 28) and controlled potential sulfidisation (CPS with NaHS) as a means to improve the poor flotation performance of the oxidised ore. Oxidised PPM ore is characterised by high contents of alteration minerals resulting in abundant naturally floating gangue (NFG), high contents of Fe-oxides/hydroxides and negligible base metal sulfides. Small improvements in PGE recovery with the addition of the hydroxamate co-collector with CPS or without it are more due to the high froth stability and increased water recovery rather than any selective action of the collector. The distinctly higher Pt recovery relative to Pd recovery is linked to the mobilisation and redistribution of Pd during the oxidation of the ore. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	Oxidation; Platinum ore; Process mineralogy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939643524	Evaluation of a consumer fitness-tracking device to assess sleep in adults	De Zambotti M., Claudatos S., Inkelis S., Colrain I.M., Baker F.C.	2015	Chronobiology International	32	7	10.3109/07420528.2015.1054395	Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of MelbourneVIC, Australia; Brain Function Research Group, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	De Zambotti, M., Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States; Claudatos, S., Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States; Inkelis, S., Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States; Colrain, I.M., Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States, Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of MelbourneVIC, Australia; Baker, F.C., Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States, Brain Function Research Group, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa	Wearable fitness-tracker devices are becoming increasingly available. We evaluated the agreement between Jawbone UP and polysomnography (PSG) in assessing sleep in a sample of 28 midlife women. As shown previously, for standard actigraphy, Jawbone UP had high sensitivity in detecting sleep (0.97) and low specificity in detecting wake (0.37). However, it showed good overall agreement with PSG with a maximum of two women falling outside Bland-Altman plot agreement limits. Jawbone UP overestimated PSG total sleep time (26.6 ± 35.3 min) and sleep onset latency (5.2 ± 9.6 min), and underestimated wake after sleep onset (31.2 ± 32.3 min) (p's < 0.05), with greater discrepancies in nights with more disrupted sleep. The low-cost and wide-availability of these fitness-tracker devices may make them an attractive alternative to standard actigraphy in monitoring daily sleep-wake rhythms over several days. © 2015 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.	Actigraphy; activity trackers; motion; sleep; wristbands	None	HL103688, NIH, National Institutes of Health
Scopus	2-s2.0-23944490137	Through the magnifying glass: A descriptive theoretical analysis of the possible impact of the South African higher education policies on academic staff and their job satisfaction	Mapesela M., Hay H.R.	2005	Higher Education	50	1	10.1007/s10734-004-6358-9	Center for Higher Education Studies and Development, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 4345, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Mapesela, M., Center for Higher Education Studies and Development, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 4345, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Hay, H.R., Center for Higher Education Studies and Development, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 4345, Bloemfontein, South Africa	This article provides a descriptive theoretical analysis of the most important higher education policies and initiatives which were developed by the democratically elected government of South Africa after 1994 to transform the South African higher education system. The article sheds light on the rationale for the policies under scrutiny; how they take cognisance of academics' diverse needs; as well as how their implementation is bound to affect academics and possibly influence job satisfaction. The article argues that the South African higher education fraternity, currently overwhelmed by mammoth change initiatives, is simultaneously faced with two processes, namely transforming the socio-political state of the country, as well as transformation to respond to national higher education policy imperatives. Seemingly South African policy-makers, in their attempts to break away from the past, are oblivious of the realities of thorough policy implementation and do not take the voluminous nature of policies into consideration as an inhibiting factor. Undoubtedly this could have adverse effects for academic staff who are expected to propel change and transformation, but who are oftentimes confronted with the complexities of implementation which entail among others, dealing with cumbersome procedures, processes, bureaucratic structures as well as increasing workloads. © Springer 2005.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78650974117	Evaluation of the lubricating properties of palm oil	Musa J.J.	2010	Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies	9	17	None	Department of Agriculture and Bio-Resource Engineering, Federal University of Technology, P M B 65, Minna, Nigeria	Musa, J.J., Department of Agriculture and Bio-Resource Engineering, Federal University of Technology, P M B 65, Minna, Nigeria	There has been an increase in effort to reduce the reliance on petroleum fuels for energy generation and transportation throughout the world. Among the proposed alternative fuels is biodiesel. Over the years, a little attention was paid to the industrial use of palm oil. Laboratory tests such as viscosity, fire point, flash point, pour point and densities were conducted on raw palm oil and bleached palm oil using standard procedures. The flash points of palm oil and the bleached sample are 250 and 301°C while their fire points are 260 and 308°C while the flash and fire points of the SAE 40 and SAE 30 are 260/300(°C) and 243/290(°C) respectively. It was discovered that palm oil has a better prospect as lubricating oil if necessary improvements are made. © 2010 by the authors.	Additives; Bleaching; Density; Fire point; Flash point; Pour point; Viscosity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-83455224710	Comparison of the performance, haematology and serum chemistry of Weaner pigs fed palm kernel cake with and without enzyme supplementation	Oluwafemi R.A., Akpodiete O.J.	2011	Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry	10	10	None	College of Agriculture, Igbinedion University, Okada, Edo state, Nigeria; Dept. of Animal Science, Delta State University, Asaba Campus, Nigeria	Oluwafemi, R.A., College of Agriculture, Igbinedion University, Okada, Edo state, Nigeria; Akpodiete, O.J., Dept. of Animal Science, Delta State University, Asaba Campus, Nigeria	The effects of Palm kernel Cake with or without enzyme supplementation on the performance, haematology and serum chemistry of weaner pigs were compared in a study, which lasted for eighty four days. Thirty weaner pigs of the Large White x Duroc crossbreed with average initial live weight range of 10.5 to 14kg allotted into five groups were used. Five experimental diets in which Palm Kernel cake was used as replacement for maize were formulated as follows: Diet 1 (control) had 0% PKC and no enzyme inclusion, Diet 2 had 40% PKC and with enzyme, Diet 3 had 40% PKC and without enzyme, Diet 4 had 60% PKC with enzyme while Diet 5 had 60% PKC without enzyme. The animals were randomly assigned to the dietary treatments in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD). The enzyme - Hemicel® was mixed with the PKC portion at the rate of 600g/ton before incorporation into the diets. Performance characteristics measured include: average daily gains (kg), average daily feed intake (kg), feed cost/gain (N), haematological and serological characteristics among others. The results showed that there were significant (P<0.05) differences in average daily gain (ADG), average total weight gain (ATWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The Red Blood Cell (RBC) of weaner pigs in treatment 4 (60%PKC + Enzyme) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than the others while the mean haemoglobin (Hb) values were significantly (P<0.05) different among the treatment means. The Serum levels of Albumin and the Urea of the experimental animals were not affected by the experimental diets but the total protein was highest (P<0.05) for weaners in treatment 3 (40% PKC without enzyme) than those fed the remaining dietary treatments. There was however no deleterious effect of the dietary treatments on the experimental animals throughout the study period. Therefore up to 60% inclusion level of palm kernel cake with or without enzyme supplementation could be used as replacement for maize in weaner pig's ration.	Enzyme; Haematology; Palm kernel cake; Serum chemistry; Weaner pigs	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903988975	The impact of homeownership on marriage and divorce: Evidence from propensity score matching	Grinstein-Weiss M., Manturuk K.R., Guo S., Charles P., Key C.	2014	Social Work Research	38	2	10.1093/swr/svu016	Center for Social Development, George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130, Zimbabwe; Center for Community Capital, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, United States; School of Social Service Administration, University of Chicago, United States	Grinstein-Weiss, M., Center for Social Development, George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130, Zimbabwe; Manturuk, K.R., Center for Community Capital, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, United States; Guo, S., Center for Community Capital, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, United States; Charles, P., School of Social Service Administration, University of Chicago, United States; Key, C., Center for Community Capital, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, United States	This research examined the relationship between homeownership and the likelihood of marriage or divorce. Drawing on exchange theory and an economic understanding of marriage, the authors hypothesized that single homeowners are less likely to marry than single renters, whereas married homeowners are less likely to divorce than married renters. These hypotheses were tested using longitudinal data collected from a group of lower income homeowners and a comparison group of renters. Propensity score models were used to account for selection bias. Results indicate that single homeowners are, in fact, less likely to marry than their renting counterparts, whereas married homeowners are less likely to divorce than married renters. These findings suggest that assets, such as a home, can play a significant role in the likelihood of both marriage and divorce. © 2014 National Association of Social Workers.	Divorce; Homeownership; Marriage; Propensity score analysis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34548264707	Electronic structure of trigonal-planar transition-metal - Imido complexes: Spin-state energetics, spin-density profiles, and the remarkable performance of the OLYP functional	Conradie J., Ghosh A.	2007	Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation	3	3	10.1021/ct600337j	Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, 9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa	Conradie, J., Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway, Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, 9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa; Ghosh, A., Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway	We have carried out a detailed multifunctional density functional theory study of first-row transition-metal (Cr to Cu) β-diketiminato ("nacnac") imido and oxo complexes. All the complexes studied exhibit essentially the same d-orbital energy ordering, which is a1 (d x 2-z 2) ≤ a2 (d xy) ≤ a1 (dy2) &lt; b2 (d yz) &lt; b1 (dxz), where the metal-imido vector is identified with the z axis and metal-N3 plane is identified with the xz plane. A curious aspect of this orbital ordering is that the metal d z 2-z 2 orbital, one of whose lobes points directly at the imido nitrogen, is considerably lower in energy than the dπ orbitale. We have determined that the remarkable stability of the dσ-type orbitale owes largely to the way these orbitals hybridize or "shape-shift" as a result of the absence of ligands trans or equatorial with respect to the imido (or oxo) group. Of the many functionals examined, OLYP and OPBE, based on the Handy-Cohen OPTX exchange functional, appear to provide the best overall description of the spin-state energetics of the various complexes. In particular, these two functionals predict an S = 3/2 ground state for Fe(III) nacnac imido complexes and an S = 0 ground state for Co(III) nacnac imido complexes, as observed experimentally. In contrast, classic pure functionals such as PW91 predict S = 1/2 ground states or at best equienergetic S = 1/2 and S = 3/2 states for the Fe(III) imido complexes, while hybrid functionals such as B3LYP and O3LYP predict S = 1 or 2 ground states for the Co(III) nacnac imido complexes. © 2007 American Chemical Society.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-69149104055	Evaluation of the lubricating properties of palm kernel oil	Musa J.J.	2009	Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies	7	14	None	Department of Agriculture and Bio-Resource Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria	Musa, J.J., Department of Agriculture and Bio-Resource Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria	The search for renewable energy resources continues to attract attention in recent times as fossil fuels such as petroleum, coal and natural gas, which are been used to meet the energy needs of man are associated with negative environmental impacts such as global warming. Biodiesel offered reduced exhaust emissions, improved biodegradability, reduced toxicity and higher carotene rating which can improve performance and clean up emissions. Standard methods were used to determine the physical and chemical properties of the oil, which includes the Density, Viscosity, flash/fire point, carbon residue, volatility and Specific Gravity were determined by chemical experimental analysis. The flash/fire points of the Heavy duty oil (SAE 40) and Light duty oil (SAE 30) is 260/300(°C) and 243/290(°C) respectively while the pour points of the samples are 22°C for palm kernel oil while 9°C and 21°C for SAE 40and SAE 30 respectively.	Biodiesel; Density; Fire point; Flash point; Heavy duty; Light duty; Viscosity	None	None
WoS	WOS:000276219700027	Evaluation of the Role of School Children in the Promotion of Point-of-Use Water Treatment and Handwashing in Schools and Households-Nyanza Province, Western Kenya, 2007	Blanton, Elizabeth,Mwaki, Alex,Oluoch, Gordon Otieno,Ombeki, Sam,Quick, Rob,Wannemuehler, Kathleen	2010	AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE	82	4	10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0422	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Cooperat Assistance & Relief Everywhere Inc, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent	None	We installed drinking water and handwashing stations in 17 rural schools and trained teachers to promote water treatment and hygiene to pupils. We gave schools flocculent-disinfectant powder and hypochlorite solution for water treatment. We conducted a baseline water handling survey of pupils' parents from 17 schools and tested stored water for chlorine. We trained teachers and students about hygiene, installed water stations, and distributed instructional comic books to students. We conducted follow-up surveys and chlorine testing at 3 and 13 months. From baseline to 3-month follow-up, parental awareness of the flocculent-disinfectant increased (49-91%, P &lt; 0.0001), awareness of hypochlorite remained high (93-92%), and household use of flocculent-disinfectant (1-7%, P &lt; 0.0001) and hypochlorite (6-13%, P &lt; 0.0001) increased, and were maintained after 13 months. Pupil absentee rates decreased after implementation by 26%. This school-based program resulted in pupil-to-parent knowledge transfer and significant increases in household water treatment practices that were sustained over 1 year.	,"DIARRHEA PREVENTION",DRINKING-WATER,FLOCCULANT-DISINFECTANT,INTERVENTION,KNOWLEDGE,PROGRAM,"RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL","RURAL GUATEMALA","SAFE WATER"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000280743400005	EVALUATION OF A U.S. EVIDENCE-BASED PARENTING INTERVENTION IN RURAL WESTERN KENYA: FROM PARENTS MATTER! TO FAMILIES MATTER!	Buve, Anne,Marum, Elizabeth,Menten, Joris,Miller, Kim S.,Obong'o, Christopher O.,Ochura, Juliet,Otwoma, Nelson J.,Poulsen, Melissa N.,Vandenhoudt, Hilde,Wyckoff, Sarah C.	2010	AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION	22	4	None	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inst Trop Med, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr	None	We evaluated Families Matter! Program (FMP), an intervention designed to improve parent-child communication about sexual risk reduction and parenting skills. Parents of 10- to 12-year-olds were recruited in western Kenya. We aimed to assess community acceptability and FMP's effect on parenting practices and effective parent-child communication. Data were collected from parents and their children at baseline and 1 year postintervention. The intervention's effect was measured on six parenting and parent-child communication composite scores reported separately for parents and children. Of 375 parents, 351 (94%) attended all five intervention sessions. Parents' attitudes regarding sexuality education changed positively. Five of the six composite parenting scores reported by parents, and six of six reported by children, increased significantly at 1 year postintervention. Through careful adaptation of this U.S. intervention, FMP was well accepted in rural Kenya and enhanced parenting skills and parent-child sexuality communication. Parents are in a unique position to deliver primary prevention to youth before their sexual debut as shown in this Kenyan program.	,"ADOLESCENT DRUG-ABUSE",AFRICAN-AMERICAN,BEHAVIOR,COMMUNICATION,"CONDOM USE",EDUCATION,HIV,"PRIMARY PREVENTION",SEXUAL-RISK,TRIAL	None	None
WoS	WOS:000303700600013	Evaluation of integrated registers for tuberculosis and HIV surveillance in children, Ethiopia, 2007-2009	Assefa, D.,Cain, K.,Click, E. S.,Fantu, R.,Feleke, B.,Gadisa, T.,Melaku, Z.,Menzies, H.,Pevzner, E.	2012	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE	16	5	10.5588/ijtld.11.0655	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Ctr AIDS Care & Treatment Programs	None	In 2008, Ethiopia implemented tuberculosis (TB) treatment registers that included columns for recording human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) test results (integrated registers) to replace the previous system of separate TB and HIV registers (pre-integration registers). We compared the proportion of children with documented HIV rapid test results at eight hospitals before and after adopting the integrated registers. HIV status was more consistently documented in the integrated registers; however, HIV status for infants aged &lt;18 months could not be assessed, as the registers did not capture results from polymerase chain reaction-based testing. Recording procedures should be revised to document age-appropriate HIV diagnostic results and ensure referral for appropriate care.	HIV,PEDIATRIC,TB,TUBERCULOSIS,"CHILDHOOD TUBERCULOSIS"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000331009000027	Assessment of Quality of Life as a Tool for Measuring Morbidity Due to Schistosoma mansoni Infection and the Impact of Treatment	Abudho, Bernard,Blackstock, Anna J.,Foo, Karen T.,Hightower, Allen W.,Karanja, Diana M. S.,Kennedy, Erin D.,Montgomery, Susan P.,Mwinzi, Pauline N. M.,Ochola, Elizabeth A.,Person, Bobbie,Secor, W. Evan,Won, Kimberly Y.	2014	AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE	90	2	10.4269/ajtmh.13-0361	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr	None	Recently, health measurements have broadened to include the assessment of quality of life (QOL). This study was conducted to assess whether the short form of the World Health Organization (WHO) QOL questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) was an effective tool for measuring morbidity due to Schistosoma mansoni infection and whether it could detect an impact of treatment with praziquantel. A total of 724 adults 18-85 years of age were enrolled. At baseline, S. mansoni prevalence was 73.2% by stool examination and 75.4% by circulating cathodic antigen, and there was no association between infection status and WHOQOL-BREF scores. Six months after treatment, S. mansoni prevalence was lower and the proportion of persons with higher WHOQOL-BREF scores significantly increased among persons who were infected at baseline. However, a similar increase was observed in persons not infected at baseline. In areas of high prevalence, the WHOQOL-BREF may not be able to detect the benefits of schistosomiasis control programs.	,"AGED CHILDREN",ANEMIA,CHEMOTHERAPY,DIAGNOSIS,"MASS TREATMENT",PRAZIQUANTEL,PREVALENCE,SCHOOLCHILDREN,"SOIL-TRANSMITTED HELMINTHS","WESTERN KENYA"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000339283500001	The impact of home-based HIV counseling and testing on care-seeking and incidence of common infectious disease syndromes in rural western Kenya	Ackers, Marta,Amolloh, Manase,Audi, Allan,Aura, Barrack,Bigogo, Godfrey,Breiman, Robert F.,Burton, Deron,Dalal, Warren,Feikin, Daniel R.,Laserson, Kayla F.	2014	BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES	14	None	10.1186/1471-2334-14-376	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr	None	Background: In much of Africa, most individuals living with HIV do not know their status. Home-based counseling and testing (HBCT) leads to more HIV-infected people learning their HIV status. However, there is little data on whether knowing one's HIV-positive status necessarily leads to uptake of HIV care, which could in turn, lead to a reduction in the prevalence of common infectious disease syndromes. Methods: In 2008, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) offered HBCT to individuals (aged &gt;= 13 years) under active surveillance for infectious disease syndromes in Lwak in rural western Kenya. HIV test results were linked to morbidity and healthcare-seeking data collected by field workers through bi-weekly home visits. We analyzed changes in healthcare seeking behaviors using proportions, and incidence (expressed as episodes per person-year) of acute respiratory illness (ARI), severe acute respiratory illness (SARI), acute febrile illness (AFI) and diarrhea among first-time HIV testers in the year before and after HBCT, stratified by their test result and if HIV-positive, whether they sought care at HIV Patient Support Centers (PSCs). Results: Of 9,613 individuals offered HBCT, 6,366 (66%) were first-time testers, 698 (11%) of whom were HIV-infected. One year after HBCT, 50% of HIV-infected persons had enrolled at PSCs - 92% of whom had started cotrimoxazole and 37% of those eligible for antiretroviral treatment had initiated therapy. Among HIV-infected persons enrolled in PSCs, AFI and diarrhea incidence decreased in the year after HBCT (rate ratio [RR] 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.77 - 0.91 and RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.73 - 0.98, respectively). Among HIV-infected persons not attending PSCs and among HIV-uninfected persons, decreases in incidence were significantly lower. While decreases also occurred in rates of respiratory illnesses among HIV-positive persons in care, there were similar decreases in the other two groups. Conclusions: Large scale HBCT enabled a large number of newly diagnosed HIV-infected persons to know their HIV status, leading to a change in care seeking behavior and ultimately a decrease in incidence of common infectious disease syndromes through appropriate treatment and care.	"healthcare seeking","Home based HIV counseling and testing","Infectious disease incidence",AFRICA,"ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY",COTRIMOXAZOLE,FOLLOW-UP,HEALTH,"MORBIDITY SURVEILLANCE",MORTALITY,PROPHYLAXIS,TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE,"UGANDAN ADULTS"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000324777300033	A Qualitative Evaluation of Hand Drying Practices among Kenyans	Ogange, Lorraine,Owuor, Mercy,Person, Bobbie,Quick, Rob,Schilling, Katharine	2013	PLOS ONE	8	9	10.1371/journal.pone.0074370	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr	None	Background: Recommended disease prevention behaviors of hand washing, hygienic hand drying, and covering one's mouth and nose in a hygienic manner when coughing and sneezing appear to be simple behaviors but continue to be a challenge to successfully promote and sustain worldwide. We conducted a qualitative inquiry to better understand current hand drying behaviors associated with activities of daily living, and mouth and nose covering practices, among Kenyans. Methods and Findings: We conducted 7 focus group discussions; 30 in-depth interviews; 10 structured household observations; and 75 structured observations in public venues in the urban area of Kisumu; rural communities surrounding Kisumu; and a peri-urban area outside Nairobi, Kenya. Using a grounded theory approach, we transcribed and coded the narrative data followed by thematic analysis of the emergent themes. Hand drying, specifically on a clean towel, was not a common practice among our participants. Most women dried their hands on their waist cloth, called a leso, or their clothes whether they were cooking, eating or cleaning the nose of a young child. If men dried their hands, they used their trousers or a handkerchief. Children rarely dried their hands; they usually just wiped them on their clothes, shook them, or left them wet as they continued with their activities. Many people sneezed into their hands and wiped them on their clothes. Men and women used a handkerchief fairly often when they had a runny nose, cold, or the flu. Most people coughed into the air or their hand. Conclusions: Drying hands on dirty clothes, rags and lesos can compromise the benefits of handwashing. Coughing and sneezing in to an open hand can contribute to spread of disease as well. Understanding these practices can inform health promotion activities and campaigns for the prevention and control of diarrheal disease and influenza.	,DISEASE,HYGIENE,RISK,"SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000309795000003	Impact of a Hygiene Curriculum and the Installation of Simple Handwashing and Drinking Water Stations in Rural Kenyan Primary Schools on Student Health and Hygiene Practices	Faith, Sitnah Hamidah,Harris, Julie R.,Hoekstra, Robert M.,Juliao, Patricia,Kola, Steve,Nygren, Benjamin,Obure, Alfredo,Otieno, Ronald,Patel, Minal K.,Quick, Robert,Sadumah, Ibrahim,Were, Vincent	2012	AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE	87	4	10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0494	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, NICHE Project	None	School-based hygiene and water treatment programs increase student knowledge, improve hygiene, and decrease absenteeism, however health impact studies of these programs are lacking. We collected baseline information from students in 42 schools in Kenya. We then instituted a curriculum on safe water and hand hygiene and installed water stations in half ("intervention schools"). One year later, we implemented the intervention in remaining schools. Through biweekly student household visits and two annual surveys, we compared the effect of the intervention on hygiene practices and reported student illness. We saw improvement in proper handwashing techniques after the school program was introduced. We observed a decrease in the median percentage of students with acute respiratory illness among those exposed to the program; no decrease in acute diarrhea was seen. Students in this school program exhibited sustained improvement in hygiene knowledge and a decreased risk of respiratory infections after the intervention.	,CHILDREN,DIFFICULTIES,GUATEMALA,INTERVENTION,"NYANZA PROVINCE",PREVENTION,PROGRAM,PROMOTION,"SAFE WATER","WESTERN KENYA"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000323584700015	Kenya's Health Workforce Information System: A model of impact on strategic human resources policy, planning and management	Kimani, Francis M.,Kiriinya, Rose N.,Oluoch, Tom,Riley, Patricia L.,Waters, Keith P.,Waudo, Agnes N.,Willy, Rankesh M.,Zuber, Alexandra	2013	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INFORMATICS	82	9	10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2013.06.004	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Hlth Work Force Project, Minist Med Serv	None	Objective: Countries worldwide are challenged by health worker shortages, skill mix imbalances, and maldistribution. Human resources information systems (HRIS) are used to monitor and address these health workforce issues, but global understanding of such systems is minimal and baseline information regarding their scope and capability is practically non-existent. The Kenya Health Workforce Information System (KHWIS) has been identified as a promising example of a functioning HRIS. The objective of this paper is to document the impact of KHWIS data on human resources policy, planning and management. Methods: Sources for this study included semi-structured interviews with senior officials at Kenya's Ministry of Medical Services (MOMS), Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation (MOPHS), the Department of Nursing within MOMS, the Nursing Council of Kenya, Kenya Medical Practitioners and Dentists Board, Kenya's Clinical Officers Council, and Kenya Medical Laboratory Technicians and Technologists Board. Additionally, quantitative data were extracted from KHWIS databases to supplement the interviews. Health sector policy documents were retrieved from MOMS and MOPHS websites, and reviewed to assess whether they documented any changes to policy and practice as having been impacted by KHWIS data. Results: Interviews with Kenyan government and regulatory officials cited health workforce data provided by KHWIS influenced policy, regulation, and management. Policy changes include extension of Kenya's age of mandatory civil service retirement from 55 to 60 years. Data retrieved from KHWIS document increased relicensing of professional nurses, midwives, medical practitioners and dentists, and interviewees reported this improved compliance raised professional regulatory body revenues. The review of Government records revealed few references to KHWIS; however, documentation specifically cited the KHWIS as having improved the availability of human resources for health information regarding workforce planning, management, and development. Conclusion: KHWIS data have impacted a range of improvements in health worker regulation, human resources management, and workforce policy and planning at Kenya's ministries of health. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd	"global health","Human resources for health (HRH)","Human resources information system (HRIS)","MEDICAL INFORMATICS","nursing informatics","Workforce surveillance"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000300245500017	Economic Evaluation of a Child Health Days Strategy to Deliver Multiple Maternal and Child Health Interventions in Somalia	Durry, Elias,Everard, Marthe,Kamadjeu, Raoul,Mirza, Imran Raza,Nandy, Robin,Vijayaraghavan, Maya,Wallace, Aaron	2012	JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES	205	None	10.1093/infdis/jir772	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, United Nations Childrens Fund, World Hlth Org Somalia Liaison Off	None	Introduction. Child Health Days (CHDs) are increasingly used by countries to periodically deliver multiple maternal and child health interventions as time-limited events, particularly to populations not reached by routine health services. In countries with a weak health infrastructure, this strategy could be used to reach many underserved populations with an integrated package of services. In this study, we estimate the incremental costs, impact, cost-effectiveness, and return on investment of 2 rounds of CHDs that were conducted in Somalia in 2009 and 2010. Methods. We use program costs and population estimates reported by the World Health Organization and United Nations Children's Fund to estimate the average cost per beneficiary for each of 9 interventions delivered during 2 rounds of CHDs implemented during the periods of December 2008 to May 2009 and August 2009 to April 2010. Because unstable areas were unreachable, we calculated costs for targeted and accessible beneficiaries. We model the impact of the CHDs on child mortality using the Lives Saved Tool, convert these estimates of mortality reduction to life years saved, and derive the cost-effectiveness ratio and the return on investment. Results. The estimated average incremental cost per intervention for each targeted beneficiary was $0.63, with the cost increasing to $0.77 per accessible beneficiary. The CHDs were estimated to save the lives of at least 10 000, or 500 000 life years for both rounds combined. The CHDs were cost-effective at $34.00/life year saved. For every $1 million invested in the strategy, an estimated 615 children's lives, or 29 500 life years, were saved. If the pentavalent vaccine had been delivered during the CHDs instead of diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccine, an additional 5000 children's lives could have been saved. Conclusions. Despite high operational costs, CHDs are a very cost-effective service delivery strategy for addressing the leading causes of child mortality in a conflict setting like Somalia and compare favorably with other interventions rated as health sector "best buys" in sub-Saharan Africa.	,COST,EPIDEMIOLOGY,MORTALITY	None	None
WoS	WOS:000282408400001	Bed net ownership in Kenya: the impact of 3.4 million free bed nets	Akhwale, Willis,Buluma, Robert,Hamel, Mary,Hightower, Allen,Kiptui, Rebecca,Laserson, Kayla,Manya, Ayub,Noor, Abdisalan,Sharif, Shahnaz K.,Slutsker, Laurence,Vanden Eng, Jodi Leigh,Vulule, John,Wolkon, Adam	2010	MALARIA JOURNAL	9	None	10.1186/1475-2875-9-183	Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, Ctr Dis Control, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kenya Natl Bur Stat, KNH Grounds, Off Director Publ Hlth & Sanitat	None	Background: In July and September 2006, 3.4 million long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets (LLINs) were distributed free in a campaign targeting children 0-59 months old (CU5s) in the 46 districts with malaria in Kenya. A survey was conducted one month after the distribution to evaluate who received campaign LLINs, who owned insecticide-treated bed nets and other bed nets received through other channels, and how these nets were being used. The feasibility of a distribution strategy aimed at a high-risk target group to meet bed net ownership and usage targets is evaluated. Methods: A stratified, two-stage cluster survey sampled districts and enumeration areas with probability proportional to size. Handheld computers (PDAs) with attached global positioning systems (GPS) were used to develop the sampling frame, guide interviewers back to chosen households, and collect survey data. Results: In targeted areas, 67.5% (95% CI: 64.6, 70.3%) of all households with CU5s received campaign LLINs. Including previously owned nets, 74.4% (95% CI: 71.8, 77.0%) of all households with CU5s had an ITN. Over half of CU5s (51.7%, 95% CI: 48.8, 54.7%) slept under an ITN during the previous evening. Nearly forty percent (39.1%) of all households received a campaign net, elevating overall household ownership of ITNs to 50.7% (95% CI: 48.4, 52.9%). Conclusions: The campaign was successful in reaching the target population, families with CU5s, the risk group most vulnerable to malaria. Targeted distribution strategies will help Kenya approach indicator targets, but will need to be combined with other strategies to achieve desired population coverage levels.	,CHILD-MORTALITY,COVERAGE,"INSECTICIDE-TREATED BEDNETS",MALARIA,MORBIDITY,PROGRAM,"WESTERN KENYA"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78649787047	Evaluation of the content validity, internal consistency and stability of an instrument designed to assess the HIV/AIDS knowledge of University Students	Balogun J.A., Aniona T.C., Lukobo-Durrell M., Adefuye A., Amosun S., Frantz J., Yakut Y.	2010	Education for Health: Change in Learning and Practice	23	3	None	College of Health Sciences, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, United States; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa; Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey	Balogun, J.A., College of Health Sciences, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, United States; Aniona, T.C., College of Health Sciences, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, United States; Lukobo-Durrell, M., College of Health Sciences, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, United States; Adefuye, A., College of Health Sciences, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, United States; Amosun, S., Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Frantz, J., Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa; Yakut, Y., Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey	Objective: This study evaluated the content validity, internal consistency and stability of a questionnaire designed to assess the HIV/AIDS knowledge of young adults. Methods: The questionnaire was administered on two occasions, within two week intervals, to 219 university students in the USA (n=66), Turkey (n=53) and South Africa (n=100). The psychometric instrument contained demographic information questions and 45 knowledge questions regarding the HIV virus, ways of transmitting it, symptoms of HIV/AIDS infection and methods of prevention. Factor analysis was conducted to assess construct validity; Cronbach alphas and Pearson's product moment correlation (r) were calculated to evaluate internal consistency and stability, respectively. Results: The 45 knowledge questions produced a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (measure of sampling adequacy) value of 0.8133 and loaded on three factors with an overall Cronbach's alpha of 0.861. The r for the individual knowledge question was greater than 0.50 and the overall knowledge score was "almost perfect" (0.91; p<.001). For participating students from the USA, Turkey and South Africa, their r for the overall knowledge score was 0.80 (p<.001), 0.83 (p<.001) and 0.93 (p<.001), respectively. Conclusions: Our findings revealed that the instrument is highly stable and internally consistent. The availability of this instrument may enhance HIV intervention studies internationally. © JA Balogun, TC Aniona, M Lukobo-Durrell, A Adefuye, S Amosun, J Frantz, Y Yakut, 2010.	Evaluation; HIV/AIDS; Knowledge; Psychometric instrument; University students; Young adults	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84927730810	Evaluation of Irrigated Bird’s Eye Chilli Pepper Adaptability Under Tropical Conditions	Inusah B.I.Y., Dogbe W., Abudulai M., Maxwell Prince E., Haruna M., Mawunya M.	2015	International Journal of Vegetable Science	21	2	10.1080/19315260.2013.840712	Council for Scientific and Industrial Research–Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (CSIR-SARI), Nyankpala, Tamale, Ghana	Inusah, B.I.Y., Council for Scientific and Industrial Research–Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (CSIR-SARI), Nyankpala, Tamale, Ghana; Dogbe, W., Council for Scientific and Industrial Research–Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (CSIR-SARI), Nyankpala, Tamale, Ghana; Abudulai, M., Council for Scientific and Industrial Research–Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (CSIR-SARI), Nyankpala, Tamale, Ghana; Maxwell Prince, E., Council for Scientific and Industrial Research–Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (CSIR-SARI), Nyankpala, Tamale, Ghana; Haruna, M., Council for Scientific and Industrial Research–Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (CSIR-SARI), Nyankpala, Tamale, Ghana; Mawunya, M., Council for Scientific and Industrial Research–Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (CSIR-SARI), Nyankpala, Tamale, Ghana	Production of Bird’s eye chillies (Capsicum annuum L) under tropical conditions presents a unique opportunity for small farmers to improve income. A study in 2010 and 2011 evaluated the performance of irrigated, improved Bird’s eye chilli (BEC), cvs. Demon, UHP281 70, UHP226 94, and UHP296 92, with ‘Shito Adope’, for growth, adaptability, yield, and marketability. The cultivars are categorized as being early (‘UHP281 70’ and ‘Shito Adope’), medium (‘UHP226 94’ and ‘Demon’), and late maturing (‘UHP296 92’). The UHP series had the best yield (average 12.47 Mt·ha−1). The best choice for crop performance and dried fruit quality/brightness and perceived marketability was ‘UHP281 70’ followed by ‘UHP226 94’. Economic analysis indicated that ‘UHP296 92’ had the highest total variable cost. It also had the highest marginal rate of returns (217%). It is possible to increase options for small-, medium-, and large-scale chilli pepper farmers regarding choice of superior Bird’s eye chilli peppers. © , Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.	Adaptability; Capsicum annuum; Ghana; Price; Tropical conditions	None	None
WoS	WOS:000345430400001	Toward utilization of data for program management and evaluation: quality assessment of five years of health management information system data in Rwanda	Amoroso, Cheryl,Basinga, Paulin,Binagwaho, Agnes,Gaju, Eric,Gashayija, Modeste,Hedt-Gauthier, Bethany,Hirschhorn, Lisa R.,Iyer, Hari S.,Muhire, Andrew,Nisingizwe, Marie Paul,Rubyutsa, Eric,Wilson, Randy	2014	GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION	7	None	10.3402/gha.v7.25829	Dartmouth College, Gates Foundation, Harvard University, University of Rwanda, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Minist Hlth, Partners In Hlth, Partners In Hlth Inshuti Mu Buzima	"Basinga, Paulin: Gates Foundation",	Background: Health data can be useful for effective service delivery, decision making, and evaluating existing programs in order to maintain high quality of healthcare. Studies have shown variability in data quality from national health management information systems (HMISs) in sub-Saharan Africa which threatens utility of these data as a tool to improve health systems. The purpose of this study is to assess the quality of Rwanda's HMIS data over a 5-year period. Methods: The World Health Organization (WHO) data quality report card framework was used to assess the quality of HMIS data captured from 2008 to 2012 and is a census of all 495 publicly funded health facilities in Rwanda. Factors assessed included completeness and internal consistency of 10 indicators selected based on WHO recommendations and priority areas for the Rwanda national health sector. Completeness was measured as percentage of non-missing reports. Consistency was measured as the absence of extreme outliers, internal consistency between related indicators, and consistency of indicators over time. These assessments were done at the district and national level. Results: Nationally, the average monthly district reporting completeness rate was 98% across 10 key indicators from 2008 to 2012. Completeness of indicator data increased over time: 2008, 88%; 2009, 91%; 2010, 89%; 2011, 90%; and 2012, 95% (p&lt;B0.0001). Comparing 2011 and 2012 health events to the mean of the three preceding years, service output increased from 3% (2011) to 9% (2012). Eighty-three percent of districts reported ratios between related indicators (ANC/DTP1, DTP1/DTP3) consistent with HMIS national ratios. Conclusion and policy implications: Our findings suggest that HMIS data quality in Rwanda has been improving over time. We recommend maintaining these assessments to identify remaining gaps in data quality and that results are shared publicly to support increased use of HMIS data.	"DATA QUALITY","data use","global health","health management information system","QUALITY IMPROVEMENT",RWANDA,CHALLENGES,DISTRICT,"IMMUNIZATION DATA",IMPLEMENTATION,INNOVATIONS,MALAWI,MOZAMBIQUE,SOUTH-AFRICA	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956753224	Research and Reflection: Potential Impact on the Professional Development of Undergraduate Occupational Therapy Students	du Toit S.H.J., Wilkinson A.C.	2010	Systemic Practice and Action Research	23	5	10.1007/s11213-010-9165-5	Department Occupational Therapy (G44), School for Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Centre for Higher Education Studies and Development, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	du Toit, S.H.J., Department Occupational Therapy (G44), School for Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Wilkinson, A.C., Centre for Higher Education Studies and Development, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	In occupational therapy education in South Africa, community service (CS) focuses learning opportunities during fieldwork placements. CS therefore enabled the researcher to utilise successive small scale research projects to guide learning of students during fieldwork while simultaneously developing the occupational therapy service at a residential care facility. This community setting provided a powerful environment through which research, in combination with opportunities for reflection, contributed to nurturing skills needed by these future health professionals. A technical action research (AR) approach incorporated AR cycles and opportunities for structured reflection. Therefore situations were created for the students to embrace experiential learning. Experiential learning in the form of anticipatory reflection, reflection-in-action, reflection on reflection and retrospective reflection impacted on the quality of the students' work. Besides encouraging unique leaning opportunities for students when engaging in research during their fieldwork placement, engagement in AR cycles simultaneously improved service delivery to residents in the facility. Key benefits of this investigation were that fieldwork education utilising AR cycles within a CS situation promoted students to identify voids in their theoretical background as well as practice skills; to apply reflective practice that could contribute to their personal and professional development; and to utilize learning opportunities optimally. Despite positive gains showed by this study, the role of power relations between the researcher as fieldwork educator and the students prohibited the AR cycles from being more emancipatory in nature and should be addressed in follow-up studies. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.	Action research cycle approach; Community service; Experiential learning; Occupational therapy undergraduate training; Small scale research projects	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900388272	Impact of accounting skills on entrepreneurship education for self-reliance and sustainable development: A study of selected small scale business in Owerri municipal Imo state	Nwaigburu K.O., Eneogwe V.N.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	16 SPEC.ISSUE	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n16p81	Department Of Accountancy, Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Eduction, Owerri-Imo State, Nigeria; Department Of Business Education, National Open University of Nigeria, Lagos, Nigeria	Nwaigburu, K.O., Department Of Accountancy, Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Eduction, Owerri-Imo State, Nigeria; Eneogwe, V.N., Department Of Business Education, National Open University of Nigeria, Lagos, Nigeria	Accounting skill was found to be contributory to entrepreneurial performance and as such entrepreneurs are advised to embark on capacity building in accounting skill in the area of financial management and record keeping. Entrepreneurs are agents and drivers of development in most economies of the world including Nigeria. The entrepreneur establishes his presence through the formation of a small and medium scale enterprise (SME). Accounting on its part, is of great importance to the development of small and medium scale enterprises. Arguably, accounting is the core academic discipline that aids the entrepreneurial drive given the popular opinion that is the language of business. The objectives of this study is to examine the role of accounting on entrepreneurship education for self- reliance and sustainable development in Nigeria. The study considered the accounting profession and the major role it plays in entrepreneurship development. It is the submission of the authors that entrepreneurs with basic accounting knowledge and entrepreneurial skills stand better chances of becoming self- reliant and attaining business success. The paper recommends among other things that government should remove those obstacles that militate against entrepreneurial development in Nigeria.	Accounting skill; Entrepreneurship education; Self - Reliance and sustainability; Small-scale business	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907352472	Insight into egg weight and its impact on chick hatch-weight, hatchability and subsequent growth indices in chickens- A review	Mbajiorgu C.A., Ramaphala N.O.	2014	Indian Journal of Animal Research	48	3	10.5958/j.0976-0555.48.3.044	Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida 1710, Johannesburg, South Africa	Mbajiorgu, C.A., Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida 1710, Johannesburg, South Africa; Ramaphala, N.O., Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida 1710, Johannesburg, South Africa	This paper reviews the influence of egg weight on chick-hatch weight, hatchability potentials and subsequent growth indices in chickens. Though the spectrum of factors that affect chick-hatchweight, hatchability potentials and subsequent growth indices in chickens is broad, however, increased interest in this concept is attributed to conflicting evidence in the literature indicating that performance in chickens in terms of chick-hatch weight, hatchability and subsequent growth indices in chickens may be closely related to the weight of the eggs and not by the hatcheries ability to effectively hatch eggs per se. This conflicting evidence in effect, creates a questionable atmosphere for chicken farmers as they are not appropriately guided on the influence of egg weight on chick-hatch weight, hatchability and subsequent growth indices in chicken. Often, the negative effect of this lack of proper guidance manifests itself in the farmer's inability to maintain a uniform chick-hatch weight and hatchability values in their poultry farms especially in rural farming communities. This becomes an important factor creating variability at slaughter age. However, based on re-evaluation of numerous research data, it is concluded that hatchability, post-hatch performance in terms of chick-hatch weight and growth parameters in chickens is influenced by egg weight when all other non-genetic factors are kept under control. This influence is breed or strain specific because chick-hatch weight and hatchability are interrelated heritable traits that vary among breeds, variety or individuals in a breed or variety. Thus, because of the important implications of these differences, sorting of eggs by weight prior to incubation might be advantageous in optimizing productivity of any chicken breed and in particular, help to minimize the variability at slaughtering age often observed in many poultry farms.	Egg weight; Past-hatch performance; Poultry hatchability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84869847802	Impact of redshift information on cosmological applications with next-generation radio surveys	Camera S., Santos M.G., Bacon D.J., Jarvis M.J., Mcalpine K., Norris R.P., Raccanelli A., Röttgering H.	2012	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society	427	3	10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22073.x	CENTRA, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Dennis Sciama Building, Portsmouth, P01 3FX, United Kingdom; Centre for Astrophysics Research, STRI, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, United Kingdom; Department of Physics, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa; Department of Physics and Electronics, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6139, South Africa; CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Australia Telescope National Facility, PO Box 76, NSW 1710 Epping, Australia; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91109, United States; California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, United States; Leiden Observatory, University of Leiden, Leiden NL-2300 RA, Netherlands	Camera, S., CENTRA, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Santos, M.G., CENTRA, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Bacon, D.J., Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Dennis Sciama Building, Portsmouth, P01 3FX, United Kingdom; Jarvis, M.J., Centre for Astrophysics Research, STRI, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, United Kingdom, Department of Physics, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa; Mcalpine, K., Department of Physics and Electronics, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6139, South Africa; Norris, R.P., CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Australia Telescope National Facility, PO Box 76, NSW 1710 Epping, Australia; Raccanelli, A., Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91109, United States, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, United States; Röttgering, H., Leiden Observatory, University of Leiden, Leiden NL-2300 RA, Netherlands	In this paper, we explore how the forthcoming generation of large-scale radio continuum surveys, with the inclusion of some degree of redshift information, can constrain cosmological parameters. By cross-matching these radio surveys with shallow optical to near-infrared surveys, we can essentially separate the source distribution into a low- and a high-redshift sample, thus providing a constraint on the evolution of cosmological parameters such as those related to dark energy. We examine two radio surveys, the Evolutionary Map of the Universe (EMU) and the Westerbork Observations of the Deep APERTIF Northern sky (WODAN). A crucial advantage is their combined potential to provide a deep, full-sky survey. The surveys used for the cross-identifications are SkyMapper and Sloan Digital Sky Survey, for the southern and northern skies, respectively. We concentrate on the galaxy clustering angular power spectrum as our benchmark observable, and find that the possibility of including such low-redshift information yields major improvements in the determination of cosmological parameters. With this approach, and provided a good knowledge of the galaxy bias evolution, we are able to put strict constraints on the dark energy parameters, i.e. w 0 = -0.9 ± 0.041 and w a = -0.24 ± 0.13, with Type Ia supernovae and cosmic microwave background priors (with a one-parameter bias in this case); this corresponds to a Figure of Merit (FoM) &gt;600, which is twice better than what is obtained by using only the cross-identified sources and greater than four time better than the case without any redshift information at all. © 2012 The Authors Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society © 2012 RAS.	Cosmological parameters; Cosmology: observations; Large-scale structure of universe; Radio continuum: galaxies	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873440926	Impact of financial development on manufacturing output: The Nigerian evidence	Ekor M., Adeniyi O.	2012	Economics Bulletin	32	3	None	Centre for the Study of the Economies of Africa (CSEA), South Africa	Ekor, M., Centre for the Study of the Economies of Africa (CSEA), South Africa; Adeniyi, O., Centre for the Study of the Economies of Africa (CSEA), South Africa	This study examined the influence of financial deepening on manufacturing output in Nigeria, Using the vector autoregression (VAR) based Johansen cointegration technique and an eventual least squares (OLS) estimator on annual data spanning 1970 to 2010. we find insignificant coefficients for credit to the manufacturing sector, banking efficiency and the non-oil trade balance. This suggests a fundamental disconnect between the real and financial sectors of the Nigerian economy. Policymakers should therefore innovate with productivity enhancing reforms which are better tailored to the needs of the manufacturing sector. This should work to boost growth prospects for the aggregate economy.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000304490600006	A longitudinal evaluation of religiosity and psychosocial determinants of suicidal behaviors among a population-based sample in the United States	Agbanu, Harry L. K.,Agbanu, Samuel Kwami,Diedhiou, Abdoulaye,Nkansah-Amankra, Stephen,Opoku-Adomako, Nana Serwaa,Twumasi-Ankrah, Philip	2012	JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS	139	1	10.1016/j.jad.2011.12.027	Central Michigan University, University of Ghana, University of Kansas, University of Kansas Medical Center, University of South Carolina, University of South Carolina Columbia, University of South Carolina System, IntraHlth Int, Somerset Christian Coll	"Agbanu, Harry L. K.: University of Ghana","Nkansah-Amankra, Stephen: Central Michigan University","Opoku-Adomako, Nana Serwaa: Central Michigan University","Twumasi-Ankrah, Philip: University of Kansas","Twumasi-Ankrah, Philip: University of Kansas Medical Center",	Background: Relationships among religiosity and other psychosocial factors in determining suicidal behaviors in adolescence and in emerging adulthood have been inconclusive. We sought to investigate prospective relationships among religiosity, psychosocial factors and suicidal behaviors using a nationally representative sample of adolescents emerging into adulthood. Method: Analysis was based on 9412 respondents from four waves of National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. A Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) procedure was used to fit a series of models on the response variable (suicidal behaviors) and a set of psychosocial and religiosity predictors taking into account the correlated structure of the datasets. Results: Analyses showed that adolescent suicidality and religious activity participation showed significant declines over time. Using multinomial logistic regression we found that females showed statistically significant risks of suicidal behaviors, but this effect declined in adulthood. In adjusted models, baseline attendance of a church weekly was associated with 42% reduction (95% Confidence Interval: 0.35-0.98) of suicide ideation in Wave III. Across all waves, low support from fathers (compared with mothers) consistently explained variability in suicidal behaviors among genders emerging into adulthood. Limitations: Accurate measurement of religiosity is psychometrically challenging. Conclusions: The findings of the study indicate that religious activity participation is associated with reduced suicidal behaviors among adolescents but this effect declines during emerging adulthood. Psychosocial supports particularly from fathers' have an enduring impact on reduced suicidal behaviors among adolescents and emerging adults. Prevention, identification and evaluation of disorders of suicidality need a careful assessment of underlying mental pain (psyache) to reduce the likelihood of aggravated suicide. Published by Elsevier B.V.	"Private religiosity","Public religiosity",SPIRITUALITY,"SUICIDAL BEHAVIORS","AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS",DEPRESSION,DEVELOPMENTAL-TRENDS,GENDER-DIFFERENCES,INVOLVEMENT,MENTAL-HEALTH,"OLDER DUTCH CITIZENS",SELF-ESTEEM,SPIRITUALITY,"YOUNG ADULTHOOD"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84878275810	A process evaluation of a capacity-building project for comprehensive HIV/AIDS management in Nkonkobe local municipality, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa	Chipunza C., Nyawasha T.S.	2013	Anthropologist	15	3	None	Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa; University of Limpopo, Department of Sociology, South Africa	Chipunza, C., Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa; Nyawasha, T.S., University of Limpopo, Department of Sociology, South Africa	South Africa has put in place policies to curb the HIV and AIDS pandemic and adopted the multi-sectoral approach to effectively implement the policies and manage the scourge in terms of prevention, treatment, care and support. However, the implementation of the policies has been hampered by lack of human capacity. This article focuses on the results of a process or implementation evaluation of a capacity-building project in the management of HIV and AIDS in one of South Africa's local municipalities. The intention of the researchers were twofold: (1) to provide a picture of important observations about the project in terms of delivery in line with the original plan, reaching targeted population, as well as frequency and adequacy of project activities (2) to draw up lessons that can be used to improve HIV and AIDS policy implementation through projects. Using interviews and corroborating them with, observations and documents, the process evaluation exercise focused on two levels of analysis, that is, the programme staff and their provincial partners, and the project's intended beneficiaries. The results of the evaluation showed a high level of fidelity implementation, reach and dose. The study highlights the lessons learnt in contributing to a co-ordinated and, participatory and vibrant response to HIV and AIDS management. It draws a number of recommendations for future policy and practices based on the project's experience. © Kamla-Raj 2013.	Dose; Empowerment; Fidelity; Participation; Reach	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84860282569	Techno-economic evaluation of a micro-hydropower plant for rural electrification in South Africa	Kusakana K., Munda J.L., Jimoh A.A., Monchusi B.B.	2011	International Review on Modelling and Simulations	4	5	None	Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa	Kusakana, K., Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Munda, J.L., Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Jimoh, A.A., Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Monchusi, B.B., Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa	This study investigated the techno-economic viability of micro-hydropower generation in the electrification of a rural area in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The proposed scheme is composed of a squirrel cage induction machine running as a generator and directly coupled to a Kaplan hydro-turbine. Mathematical models were developed and simulations performed using MATLAB/SIMULINK software to highlight the characteristics of the output power supplied to consumers for varying water flow rate. A small-scale experimental model based on a DC machine as a turbine driving a self-excited induction generator was developed to validate the designed model. Economic and environment analyses were performed using HOMER software to assess the possibility of using the proposed stand-alone micro-hydropower system for low-cost electricity production and supply for the specific site. The MATLAB/SIMULINK model developed and the laboratory experiments demonstrated the technical viability of using a Kaplan turbine and a self-excited induction generator in micro-hydropower generation. The economic and environmental results highlight the cost-effectiveness character and the reduction of gas pollutant emissions achieved by the plant. The micro-hydropower plant is a technically and economically viable and environmentally friendly means for rural electrification. © 2011 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved.	Micro-Hydropower; Rural Power Supply; Techno-Economic Analysis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84900434995	The impact of in-service training on computer application educators: Challenges experienced and skills acquired	Bihi J.K., Selesho J.M.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	7	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n7p411	Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa	Bihi, J.K., Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Selesho, J.M., Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa	It is generally believed that Information Communication Technologies through the use of Computer Applications Technology can extend knowledge and education to poor and marginalised people in South Africa. However, African countries still face many challenges in trying to provide appropriate and sustainable solutions for improving education and skills that will support the development of educators in all communities; this can be viewed in light of the millennium developmental goal. Thus the Department of Education put measures in place to bridge the gap in knowledge, skills and understanding of Computer Application Technology (CAT) educators through the provision of in-service training (INSET) programs. The research study was aimed at investigating challenges that CAT educators were experiencing in their classrooms in Secondary Schools in the Free State province. The study made use of a survey and an evaluation research design. The target population for this study was all Further Education and Training (FET) Phase educators in all secondary schools in the Free State Province. A selfconstructed questionnaire was used to collect qualitative data. The study revealed that the INSET program still needs to improve on its content relevance to syllabus and it should provide educators with skills in dealing with the challenge of teaching learners with disabilities. The majority of educators were satisfied with the INSET program as they indicated that it assisted in enhancing their skills and content knowledge; they further indicated that it gave them motivation to go into classrooms and teach. That the study did achieve its goal which was to assess the impact of INSET programs for CAT educators in the Motheo District, Free State province.	Challenges; Computer application; Educators; Experiences; Impact	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84917672855	The impact of hiv/aids on school enrolment as a variable for future projection and in the rationale for physical resource provisioning and prioritization	Joseph M.R., Petrus R.M.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	27	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n27p1264	Central University of Technology, South Africa	Joseph, M.R., Central University of Technology, South Africa; Petrus, R.M., Central University of Technology, South Africa	The impact of HIV/AIDS cuts across all sectors of economic activities and social life for example, it not only reduces the stock of human capital but also the capacity to maintain. It leaves children without parents, learners without teachers, Children end up been child headed in the families, affect families emotional and makes government poor. The required turnover of many hunted after skills and training like engineers, doctors, teachers, artisans and others. In the educational sphere, it leads to among other things a decrease in potential clientele for education resources. The workforce, its impact increases expenditure on the one hand and decreases productivity on the other. In fact, economists imagine that even when unemployment rates are high, retirement and death of a large number of skilled and unskilled workers will cause an increase in wages. © 2014, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All right reserved.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84886261567	Non-linear feeding functional responses in the Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) predict immediate negative impact of wetland degradation on this flagship species	Deville A.-S., Grémillet D., Gauthier-Clerc M., Guillemain M., Von Houwald F., Gardelli B., Béchet A.	2013	Ecology and Evolution	3	5	10.1002/ece3.554	Centre de recherche de la Tour du Valat, Le Sambuc, 13200 Arles, France; Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, CNRS UMR 5175, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier cedex 5, France; FitzPatrick Institute, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Departement Chrono-Environnement, UMR UFC/CNRS 6249 USC INRA, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France; Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, CNERA Avifaune Migratrice, La Tour du Valat, Le Sambuc, F-13200 Arles, France; Basel zoo, Bachlettenstrasse 75, 4054 Basel, Switzerland	Deville, A.-S., Centre de recherche de la Tour du Valat, Le Sambuc, 13200 Arles, France, Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, CNRS UMR 5175, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier cedex 5, France; Grémillet, D., Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, CNRS UMR 5175, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier cedex 5, France, FitzPatrick Institute, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Gauthier-Clerc, M., Centre de recherche de la Tour du Valat, Le Sambuc, 13200 Arles, France, Departement Chrono-Environnement, UMR UFC/CNRS 6249 USC INRA, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France; Guillemain, M., Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, CNERA Avifaune Migratrice, La Tour du Valat, Le Sambuc, F-13200 Arles, France; Von Houwald, F., Basel zoo, Bachlettenstrasse 75, 4054 Basel, Switzerland; Gardelli, B., Basel zoo, Bachlettenstrasse 75, 4054 Basel, Switzerland; Béchet, A., Centre de recherche de la Tour du Valat, Le Sambuc, 13200 Arles, France	Accurate knowledge of the functional response of predators to prey density is essential for understanding food web dynamics, to parameterize mechanistic models of animal responses to environmental change, and for designing appropriate conservation measures. Greater flamingos (Phoenicopterus roseus), a flagship species of Mediterranean wetlands, primarily feed on Artemias (Artemia spp.) in commercial salt pans, an industry which may collapse for economic reasons. Flamingos also feed on alternative prey such as Chironomid larvae (e.g., Chironomid spp.) and rice seeds (Oryza sativa). However, the profitability of these food items for flamingos remains unknown. We determined the functional responses of flamingos feeding on Artemias, Chironomids, or rice. Experiments were conducted on 11 captive flamingos. For each food item, we offered different ranges of food densities, up to 13 times natural abundance. Video footage allowed estimating intake rates. Contrary to theoretical predictions for filter feeders, intake rates did not increase linearly with increasing food density (type I). Intake rates rather increased asymptotically with increasing food density (type II) or followed a sigmoid shape (type III). Hence, flamingos were not able to ingest food in direct proportion to their abundance, possibly because of unique bill structure resulting in limited filtering capabilities. Overall, flamingos foraged more efficiently on Artemias. When feeding on Chironomids, birds had lower instantaneous rates of food discovery and required more time to extract food from the sediment and ingest it, than when filtering Artemias from the water column. However, feeding on rice was energetically more profitable for flamingos than feeding on Artemias or Chironomids, explaining their attraction for rice fields. Crucially, we found that food densities required for flamingos to reach asymptotic intake rates are rarely met under natural conditions. This allows us to predict an immediate negative effect of any decrease in prey density upon flamingo foraging performance. © 2013 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.	Artemia spp; Attack rate; Conservation; Filter feeder; Food intake rate; Handling time; Salt pans	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84887380198	Performance of first-year accounting students: Does time perspective matter? [Prestasie van eerstjaarsrekeningkundestudente: Speel tydsperspektief 'n rol?]	Joubert H., Viljoen M., Schall R.	2013	Acta Academica	45	3	None	Centre for Accounting, South Africa; University of the Free State, P O Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Dept of Mathematical Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of the Free State, P O Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa	Joubert, H., Centre for Accounting, South Africa; Viljoen, M., University of the Free State, P O Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Schall, R., Dept of Mathematical Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of the Free State, P O Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa	Academic failure of first-year accounting students is a national and international problem. Existing research is inconclusive regarding the causes for the failure and does not make provision for the possible influence of dominant time perspectives on performance in accounting. This article investigates whether time perspective has an effect on the performance of first-year accounting students. A quantitative non-experimental predictive multivariate design is used and confounding variables are taken into consideration. The results of the study indicate significant relationships between performance in first-year accounting and gender, age and a past-negative time perspective. The most significant result of this study is that a past-negative time perspective, together with an unfavourable psychosocial background, might have led to failure in first-year accounting. It is suggested that students with a negative time perspective be identified and encouraged to participate in support programmes at the university. © UV/UFS.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33745726656	Modelling the demographic impact of HIV/AIDS in South Africa and the likely impact of interventions	Johnson L.F., Dorrington R.E.	2006	Demographic Research	14	None	10.4054/DemRes.2006.14.22	Centre for Actuarial Research, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa	Johnson, L.F., Centre for Actuarial Research, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Dorrington, R.E., Centre for Actuarial Research, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa	This paper describes an approach to incorporating the impact of HIV/AIDS and the effects of HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment programmes into a cohort component projection model of the South African population. The modelled HIV-positive population is divided into clinical and treatment stages, and it is demonstrated that the age profile and morbidity profile of the HIV-positive population is changing significantly over time. HIV/AIDS is projected to have a substantial demographic impact in South Africa. Prevention programmes - social marketing, voluntary counselling and testing, prevention of mother-to-child transmission and improved treatment for sexually transmitted diseases - are unlikely to reduce AIDS mortality significantly in the short term. However, more immediate reductions in mortality can be achieved when antiretroviral treatment is introduced. © 2006 Max-Planck-Gesellschaft.	Antiretroviral treatment; Demographic impact; HIV/AIDS prevention; Simulation model; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84878843393	Evaluation of fatty acids and physicochemical characteristics of six varieties of bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea L. Verde) seed oils	Aremu M.O., Mamman S., Olonisakin A.	2013	Rivista Italiana delle Sostanze Grasse	90	2	None	Department of Chemistry, Nasarawa State University, PMB1022, Keffi, Nigeria; Department of Chemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Nigeria	Aremu, M.O., Department of Chemistry, Nasarawa State University, PMB1022, Keffi, Nigeria; Mamman, S., Department of Chemistry, Nasarawa State University, PMB1022, Keffi, Nigeria; Olonisakin, A., Department of Chemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Nigeria	A study was conducted to determine the suitability of six varieties of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verde) seed oils, an under-utilized crop grown in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. For this purpose, fatty acid composition of six different seed colours of bambara groundnut was determined using standard analytical techniques. The most concentrated fatty acids were oleic acid (17.54-18.49%) < palmitic acid (21.79-23.27%) < linoleic acid (34.04-35.62%). Arachidic and behenic acids were present in small quantities with none of them recording up to 1.0% in any of the samples. Caprylic, palmitoleic, margarle, capric, lauric, myristic, arachidonic, erucic and lignoceric acids were all determined but not detected. Unsaturated fatty acids predominated in all the samples with an adequate amount of essential fatty acid (linoleic and linolenic acids). Significant differences were observed (p < 0.05) in the fatty acid compositions among the bambara groundnut dehulled seed cultivars. The results of physicochemical properties of bambara groundnut varieties seed oils showed mean range values of the following parameters: saponifications value (174.80-181.02 mg KOH/g); peroxide value (9.10-11.05 meq02/kg); iodine value (111.98-122.22 mg of 1/100g); acid value (1.28-1.40 mg KOH/g); specific gravity at 25°C (0.874-0.881); unsaponifiable matter (2.39-2.47%); flash point (210-220°C); kinetic viscosity at 40°C (2.95-4.94). Generally, the values of the physicochemical parameters showed that the oils may be useful as edible oils due to their stability as frying oils and may also be useful industrially for the manufacture of products such as paints, liquid soaps and shampoos.	Fatty acids; Physicochemical parameters; Seed oils; Vigna subterranea	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84876317667	The impact of the EU generalized system of preferences on exports and GSP utilization by Asian and Latin American countries	Cuyvers L., Soeng R.	2013	Journal of International Trade Law and Policy	12	1	10.1108/14770021311312511	Centre for ASEAN Studies, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Centre for Regional Integration Studies, United Nations University, Bruges, Belgium; North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; National University of Management, Phnom Penh, Cambodia	Cuyvers, L., Centre for ASEAN Studies, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium, Centre for Regional Integration Studies, United Nations University, Bruges, Belgium, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Soeng, R., Centre for ASEAN Studies, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium, National University of Management, Phnom Penh, Cambodia	Purpose - The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of changes in the Generalized System of Preferences of the European Union, on the EU GSP imports from beneficiary countries in ASEAN and China, and Latin America, respectively, and the utilization of GSP benefits by these countries for the period 1994-2007. Design/methodology/approach - The econometric model specifications used is with unlagged and one year lagged reactions. GSP dummy variables are added in order to test whether the changes in the EU GSP has had impact on bilateral trade flows and the degree of utilization. Findings - The paper finds that EU GSP agricultural imports are negatively affected by the changes in the EU GSP system, but these of industrial products seem to have positively reacted to changes in the EU GSP. For imports of textile products, the results are not significant. It is also found that ASEAN plus China are significantly benefiting more from the EU GSP for industrial and textile products than the Latin American countries, but the changes in the GSP had no significant different effect on both groups of countries. The authors estimations also show that the graduation mechanism in the EU GSP, against beneficiary countries with higher EU market shares, seems to be effective for industrial products, but in contrast, is working in favour of such countries for textile products. By and large, the other graduation mechanism in the EU GSP linking GSP benefits and level of development of the beneficiary country has not been effective. Originality/value - The paper is the first to address the issue how the many changes in the EU GSP since 1994 have affected the exports and GSP utilization of beneficiary countries. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Developing countries; Exports; Generalized System of Preferences; Utilization	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864054602	An evaluation of a family support programme in the southern Free State ['n evaluasie van'n gesinsondersteuningsprogram in die Suid-Vrystaat]	Marais J.G.L., Ingle M.K., Skinner D., Sigenu K.	2012	Acta Academica	44	1	None	Centre for Development Support, University of the Free State, P O Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Unit for Research on Health and Society, University of Stellenbosch, P O Box 19063, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa	Marais, J.G.L., Centre for Development Support, University of the Free State, P O Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Ingle, M.K., Centre for Development Support, University of the Free State, P O Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Skinner, D., Unit for Research on Health and Society, University of Stellenbosch, P O Box 19063, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa; Sigenu, K., Centre for Development Support, University of the Free State, P O Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa	This article details the evaluation of an NGO Family Support Programme (FSP) that was implemented in the southern Free State's Kopanong local municipality. The FSP is primarily aimed at strengthening Early Childhood Development (ECD) in what is a very socio-economically deprived environment for small children. The article argues for the critical importance of ECD within the human development paradigm. It then reports on the actual FSP assessment and advances a number of recommendations for how the initiative could be bolstered. It concludes that the FSP methodology is sound in principle and that it warrants replication at scale. © UV/UFS.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33847779261	Technologies that contribute to reducing environmental impacts of electrical production	Kahn M.T.E., Fritz W.	2006	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	17	4	None	Centre for Distributed Power Electronic Systems, Department of Electrical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa; Department of Electrical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa	Kahn, M.T.E., Centre for Distributed Power Electronic Systems, Department of Electrical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa; Fritz, W., Department of Electrical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa	The World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) was attended by approximately 21 000 international delegates in Johannesburg, South Africa in 2002. The aim was to institute ecologically sound environmental management. Research has shown that fossil fuel or coal fired power plants are the major cause of air pollution in electricity generation. This paper seeks to show technologies that can contribute to reducing the environmental impacts of electricity production, via emission control systems, industry energy policy, renewable energy technologies etc. and the promotion of active research and development in alternative energy applications in Africa. Innovative energy technology research and development and applications such as smaller scale distributed generation and solid state lighting (SSL) are seen as capable of adding a positive contribution in this area.	Electrical production; Energy consumption; Energy technology; Environmental impacts; Research and development	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84883548202	Development and evaluation of the Primary Healthcare-based Physiotherapy Intervention and its effects on selected indices of stroke recovery	Olaleye O., Hamzat T., Owolabi M.	2013	International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation	20	9	None	Department of Physiotherapy, College Of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine, University Of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Olaleye, O., Department of Physiotherapy, College Of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Hamzat, T., Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine, University Of Ibadan, Nigeria; Owolabi, M., Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Aim: To develop a Primary Healthcare-Based Physiotherapy Intervention (PHCPI) that requires simple, inexpensive, easy-to-use equipment for stroke rehabilitation and evaluate its effects on selected clinical indices of recovery among post-acute stroke survivors over a 10-week period. Methods: Three databases (Medline, Pubmed and PEDro) were used to identify treatment approaches with proven efficacy. The authors synthesised these treatment approaches to develop the PHCPI, which was used in a repeated measure design involving 25 (mean age=60.6 ± 10.2 years) consenting individuals with first-incidence stroke. These individuals were treated at a primary health centre, twice weekly for 10 consecutive weeks. Outcomes were assessed using the Modified Motor Assessment Scale (MMAS), the Short Form Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke (SF-PASS) and the Reintegration to Normal Living Index (RNLI), before the intervention and fortnightly thereafter. Walking speed and quality of life were also assessed before the intervention and at week 10 of it. Results: Within-subject multivariate analysis, after controlling for gender, showed a significant increase in motor function, postural balance, walking speed and quality of life. Their community reintegration scores also improved over the period. Conclusion: The PHCPI resulted in improved motor function, community reintegration, walking speed, postural balance and quality of life among community-dwelling stroke survivors. This intervention can be used for stroke rehabilitation at primary health centres.	Physiotherapy intervention; Primary health care; Rehabilitation; Stroke	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78149369683	Using school performance data to drive school and education district office accountability and improvement: The case of Ghana	Prew M., Quaigrain K.	2010	Educational Management Administration and Leadership	38	6	10.1177/1741143210379057	Centre for Education Policy Development (CEPD), PostNet Suite 561, Private Bag X113, Melville 2109, South Africa	Prew, M., Centre for Education Policy Development (CEPD), PostNet Suite 561, Private Bag X113, Melville 2109, South Africa; Quaigrain, K., Centre for Education Policy Development (CEPD), PostNet Suite 561, Private Bag X113, Melville 2109, South Africa	This article looks at a school management tool that allows school managers and education district offices to review the performance of their schools and use the broad-based data to undertake orchestrated planning with districts planning delivery based on the needs of schools and in support of school improvement plans. The review process also allows communities to engage with their schools and hold them accountable for their performance and to steer schools to meet community expectations. A district in northern Ghana is presented as a case study. The article concludes that this generation of school-level data and its use to inform improved planning and delivery also allows districts and schools to monitor how well they are doing in promoting access for all children to school and monitoring the quality of schooling they receive. This is critical information needed to understand the dynamics of school enrolment and drop-out and to make schools more accountable. So school performance review, as practised in Ghana, allows schools to improve while becoming more accountable to their communities. © The Author(s) 2010.	accountability; inspection; quality education; school and district leadership; school improvement; school performance review; universal primary education	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939428673	Solar water heater contribution to energy savings in higher education institutions: Impact analysis	Popoola O.M., Burnier C.	2014	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	25	1	None	Centre for Energy and Electric Power, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; ESIEE, Amiens, France; French South Africa Institute of Technology, South Africa	Popoola, O.M., Centre for Energy and Electric Power, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; Burnier, C., ESIEE, Amiens, France, French South Africa Institute of Technology, South Africa	This paper focuses on the impact of Solar Water Heaters (SWH) at a higher institution of learning. An energy audit was conducted for the evaluation of the energy conservation measure: energy conoduction Energy is a key element in the development of any country or institution; as a result any shortage in energy will have a serious effect on the economy and social aspect of such country or institution. South Africa has, in recent years, experienced high economic growth as well as a rapid expansion in the elsumption analysis, correlation of consumption with weather; financial criteria, payback period and needed solar heater system (SWH) to determine the energy that may be termed as wastage or can be saved. The method of investigation includes assessment of the hot water usage within the institution campus and residencies, analysis of bills, metering and development of a software model for the analysis of energy use, system needed and environmental variables. This renewable measure (SWH) showed a high potential of energy and financial savings for higher education institutions especially those with residences.	Energy; Software development and validation; Solar water heater	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84937032833	The optical design and performance of a concentrator photovoltaic module	Schultz R.D., van Dyk E.E., Vorster F.J.	2015	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	26	2	None	Centre for Energy Research, Department of Physics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa	Schultz, R.D., Centre for Energy Research, Department of Physics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; van Dyk, E.E., Centre for Energy Research, Department of Physics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Vorster, F.J., Centre for Energy Research, Department of Physics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa	Concentration photovoltaic (CPV) modules promise a more efficient, higher power output than traditional photovoltaic modules. This is achieved by concentrating sunlight onto a small 1 cm2 concentrator triple-junction (CTJ) InGaP/InGaAs/Ge cell by using high quality precision optics. In order to achieve high energy performance and reliability, well thought-out design decisions must be made in the development of a CPV module. This paper investigates the design of two CPV modules (Module I and II), which are based on the Sandia III Baseline Fresnel module. The investigation concentrated on the effect of the optimization of the optical design on the electrical performance characteristics of CTJ cells with good thermal dissipation. The best performance achieved by Module I was at 336 times operational concentration (Xo), which produced a Pmax of 10.29 W per cell, with cell and module efficiencies of 39% and 24%, respectively. In the development of the second module (Module II) pre-deployment criteria such as the CTJ cell and system components characteristics was used to eliminate faulty components from the system what was observed in Module I. Cell units that were optimized in Module II showed no form of degradation in their Current-Voltage (I-V) characteristics. The cell unit operating under optical misalignment showed a progressive degradation with long term operation in the field.	Concentrated triple junction cells; Concentrator photovoltaics; Degradation; Efficiency	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84927515726	Evaluation of the environmental and social sustainability policy of a mass tourism resort: A narrative account	Swart I.	2012	HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies	68	1	10.4102/hts.v68i1.1264	Centre for Environmental Studies, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics and Meteorology, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Swart, I., Centre for Environmental Studies, University of Pretoria, South Africa, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics and Meteorology, University of Pretoria, South Africa	The recordation of the life stories of individuals residing in the community of Ledig, who have been dependent on the Sun City Resort situated in the Pilanesberg area in the North West Province of South Africa for their quality of life for more than 20 years, provided the basis for the evaluation of the environmental and social sustainability of this micro-cosmos on a multidisciplinary level. This study focused on the hermeneutical arch of narrative theory within the framework of human geography and sustainability science. The natural environment was evaluated for the role it plays in the sustainability of the livelihoods of the Ledig community members as well as the institutional life of the Sun City Resort. The results of this study suggested that the environmental policy for the Sun City Resort, formalised in 2004, has been guiding the Sun City Resort to contribute positively to the sustainability of the area. The study also demonstrated that a focus on the next generation of potential employees and the environmental education of all the communities were crucial to ensure the resilience of the social and ecological capacity of the area. © 2012. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84855973874	Reading between the lines: contributing factors that affect Grade 5 student reading performance as measured across South Africa's 11 languages	van Staden S., Howie S.	2012	Educational Research and Evaluation	18	1	10.1080/13803611.2011.641270	Centre for Evaluation and Assessment, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	van Staden, S., Centre for Evaluation and Assessment, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Howie, S., Centre for Evaluation and Assessment, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	This article reports on the South African results of a study to identify and explain relationships between some major factors associated with successful reading at Grade 5. With 11 official languages, educational policy in South Africa advocates an additive bilingualism model, and students in Grades 1 to 3 are taught in their mother tongue. Thereafter, the language of learning and teaching changes to a second language, which in most cases is English. With this complexity of issues, hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) was used to determine the effect of a number of explanatory variables at student and school level on reading achievement as outcome variable, while controlling for language using the South African Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) 2006 data. Utilizing Creemers' comprehensive model of educational effectiveness (Creemers & Reezigt, 1999) as theoretical point of departure, this article will focus on the results of an overall South African model with student- and school-level variables. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	educational policies; PIRLS 2006; reading literacy; secondary analysis	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77955025949	Finding the best fit: The adaptation and translation of the performance indicators for primary schools for the South African context	Archer E., Scherman V., Robert C., Howie S.J.	2010	Perspectives in Education	28	1	None	Centre for Evaluation and Assessment, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Curriculum Evaluation and Management Centre, University of Durham, United Kingdom	Archer, E., Centre for Evaluation and Assessment, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Scherman, V., Centre for Evaluation and Assessment, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Robert, C., Curriculum Evaluation and Management Centre, University of Durham, United Kingdom; Howie, S.J., Centre for Evaluation and Assessment, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Reform and improvement are imperative in the current South African education system. Monitoring of school and learner achievement is an essential for establishing praxis for school improvement. Diversity of culture and South Africa's 11 official languages make it difficult to develop valid monitoring systems. Limited resources, time constraints and the need to redress neglect of large portions of the education infrastructure from the apartheid era make it problematic to develop new monitoring systems for all official languages. Adaptation and translation of existing international monitoring instruments provide alternative solutions to developing new monitoring systems. Adaptation and translation of existing instruments is a daunting process, which balances statistical analysis, translation processes and user and expert evaluations. We investigate how to balance these different processes in order to create an instrument that provides valid data for educational decisions. The processes utilised in the adaptation and translation of the vocabulary subtest of the Performance Indicators for Primary Schools (PIPS) test for the South African context are used to illustrate the complex interplay between user and expert input as well as psychometric rigour. It is hoped this paper will contribute to the development of the necessary instrument adaptation skills in South Africa.	Expert and user collaboration; Instrument adaptation and contextualisation; Rasch analysis; Translation of assessment instruments	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867066550	Performance of the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale in a sample of children and adolescents from poor urban communities in Cape Town	Boyes M.E., Cluver L.D.	2013	European Journal of Psychological Assessment	29	2	10.1027/1015-5759/a000134	Centre for Evidence-Based Intervention, Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Wolfson College, Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, 32 Wellington Square, Oxford OX1 2ER, United Kingdom	Boyes, M.E., Centre for Evidence-Based Intervention, Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, United Kingdom, Wolfson College, Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, 32 Wellington Square, Oxford OX1 2ER, United Kingdom; Cluver, L.D., Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa	The Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) is regularly used with South African children, although its performance in this context has yet to be empirically evaluated. This study assessed the basic psychometric properties of the RCMAS using data collected in a large study examining the mental health of children and adolescents living in poor urban communities around Cape Town. Reliability of the full-scale was good, and the predicted relationships between anxiety, depression, PTSD, delinquency, age, sex, and somaticism scores offered evidence of construct validity. However, the reliabilities for the physiological, worry/oversensitivity, and concentration subscales were low, and confirmatory factor analysis revealed the hypothesized three-factor model did not adequately fit the data. Exploratory analyses suggested a four-factor solution consisting of social evaluation, worry, affective responses, and physiological symptoms/sleep disturbance factors. Further confirmatory research examining this four-factor structure is needed. Given the continued use of the RCMAS in South Africa, these findings provide an important first step in establishing its reliability and validity for use with South African youth; however, scores obtained on the three subscales should be interpreted with caution and further detailed psychometric evaluation of the RCMAS in South African samples is clearly required. © 2012 Hogrefe Publishing.	Adolescents; Anxiety; Measurement; Psychometric; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77954069396	Impact of care and social support on wellbeing among people living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria	Adedimeji A.A., Alawode O.O., Odutolu O.	2010	Iranian Journal of Public Health	39	2	None	Centre for Global Health, University of Dublin Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland; Dept. of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom; Live Vanguards, Osogbo, Nigeria and World Bank Country Office, Abuja, Nigeria	Adedimeji, A.A., Centre for Global Health, University of Dublin Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland; Alawode, O.O., Dept. of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom; Odutolu, O., Live Vanguards, Osogbo, Nigeria and World Bank Country Office, Abuja, Nigeria	Background: Availability of antiretroviral therapies has transformed AIDS into a manageable chronic condition and improved well-being among people living with HIV/AIDS (PHA) in developed countries. In developing countries however, such transformations are yet to occur due to socio-economic, systemic and environmental constraint. This study examined the impact of social, economic, psychological and environmental factors on health and wellbeing among PHA living in southwest Nigeria. Methods: Using qualitative participatory methodology, 50 HIV positive people, 8 health personnel and 32 care providers were interviewed to explore how care and social support affect wellbeing among PHA in view of constraints to accessing antiretroviral drugs. Analysis of data used the grounded theory (GT) approach to identify themes, which are considered crucial to the wellbeing of PHA. Results: The findings highlight several factors, apart from antiretroviral drugs, that impact the wellbeing of PHA in southwest Nigeria. These include concerns about deteriorating physical health, family and children's welfare, pervasive stigma, financial pressures and systemic failures relating to care among others. We describe how psychosocial and social support structures can considerably contribute to improving health outcomes among them because of how they affect the functioning of immune system, self-care activities and other illness behaviours. Conclusion: We recommend that interventions should address the psychosocial, socio-economic and other systemic issues that negatively influence the wellbeing of PHA and governments need to strengthen the policy environment that empowers PHA support groups.	Care support; HIV/AIDS; Nigeria; Social support	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953731552	The evaluation of bedside teachingan instrument for staff evaluation and student experience: A pilot study at a South African university	Green-Thompson L., Mcinerney P., Veller M.	2010	South African Journal of Surgery	48	2	None	Centre for Health Science Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Surgery, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Green-Thompson, L., Centre for Health Science Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Mcinerney, P., Centre for Health Science Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Veller, M., Department of Surgery, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Background. Bedside teaching is the core teaching strategy in the clinical study years of the medical undergraduate degree at the University of the Witwatersrand. The quality of this teaching strategy has not been formally evaluated by students as other teaching strategies have been. Method. A quantitative, descriptive study was undertaken in the final year of study of the graduate entry medical programme (GEMP). The sample comprised medical students who were completing their surgical block during September and November 2008. There were approximately 30 students in each of these 2 blocks. A bedside teaching evaluation questionnaire was developed, based on previously validated peer review questionnaires used in evaluating small group formal classroom-based lectures. The purpose of the study was to determine the reliability of the instrument for evaluating bedside teaching. Results. A sample of 112 evaluations was obtained and the constructs and sub-constructs were subjected to an analysis using Cronbach's alpha. Conclusion. The overall Cronbach's alpha was 0.9627, demonstrating that the instrument is reliable and can be used to evaluate bedside teaching.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955108129	The impact of burnout on the intention to quit among professional nurses in the Free State region - A national crisis?	Pienaar J.W., Bester C.L.	2011	South African Journal of Psychology	41	1	None	Centre for Health Systems Research and Development, Department of Industrial Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Pienaar, J.W., Centre for Health Systems Research and Development, Department of Industrial Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Bester, C.L., Centre for Health Systems Research and Development, Department of Industrial Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Thousands of qualified nurses leave the South African health sector on an annual basis owing to various reasons, including burnout. Research showed that demanding work circumstances could influence employees to consider whether to leave an organisation or not. The aim of this study was to determine the level of burnout among professional nurses and to explore the potential impact of burnout on the intention to quit/change. The sample consisted of 563 professional nurses representing 140 clinics located in five health districts in the Free State region. A total of 542 (97%) questionnaires were completed and returned. Participants in the study were predominantly black (83.8%), female (89.3%), day-shift working (89.8%) and full-time employed (99.8%). The measuring tools included a biographical questionnaire, Maslach's Burnout Inventory to determine the level of burnout of professional nurses, and an Intention to Quit/Change questionnaire. Analysis of variance was used to determine differences regarding burnout between different groups with varying degrees of intention to quit/change. Respondents exhibited high levels of Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization and average levels of Personal Accomplishment. Respondents with the highest levels of Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalization and the lowest levels of Personal Accomplishment displayed a higher degree of intention to quit/change. © Psychological Society of South Africa. All rights reserved.	Burnout; Free state; HIV; Intention to quit; Professional nurses; Stress	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84883196648	Measuring the impact of academic development courses in first- and second-year chemistry	Smith L.C.	2013	South African Journal of Chemistry	66	None	None	Centre for Higher Education Development, University of Cape Town, South Africa	Smith, L.C., Centre for Higher Education Development, University of Cape Town, South Africa	This paper uses multivariate analysis to estimate the impact of educational interventions in the first-year academic development chemistry courses on students' final course marks. The cohorts for seven years are pooled, which generates a more robust set of results than was previously the case. To counter the sample-selection problem that arises as academic development students are placed onto the academic development programme, a selection of control variables is included in the estimations. The results suggest that the educational interventions in the first year had a positive impact on academic development students' performance, relative to mainstream students, in both the first- and second-year courses. The implications of the results for education policy and research are considered.	Academic development; Academic performance; Chemistry; Educational interventions; Multivariate analysis; South Africa	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897471101	Using evaluation as action research: Reflections on teaching practice using Brookfield's four lenses model	Ndebele C.	2014	Anthropologist	17	2	None	Centre for Higher Education Teaching and Learning, University of Venda, P. Bag. X 5050, Thohoyandou, South Africa	Ndebele, C., Centre for Higher Education Teaching and Learning, University of Venda, P. Bag. X 5050, Thohoyandou, South Africa	As one goes about the process of teaching there is need to sit down after every session and take stock of the proceedings with a view to identifying what went well and what might need further improvement Four lenses that teachers could use to critically reflect on their practice are discussed in this article: eliciting evaluation from students, peer evaluation, research and theory and our own autobiographies as learners and teachers. To some extent academics are all prisoners trapped within the perceptual frameworks that determine how they view their experiences and in order to break away from this prison there is need to engage in critical reflection. In this article, through a qualitative analysis of student evaluation data, peer feedback and relevant literature; The researcher shares his reflection on his practice through experimenting with the four lenses at a historically disadvantaged university.What emerged from the reflective exercise is that looking beyond one's own self to others for their views on one's practice does indeed enrich one's knowledge and helps to improve practice. Colleagues, the literature and students can indeed serve as critical mirrors reflecting back to lecturers' images of their actions that often take them by surprise. © Kamla-Raj 2014.	Autobiography; Feedback; Peer review; Relevant literature; Student eyes; Triangulation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84914179409	The South African higher education system: performance and policy	Cloete N.	2014	Studies in Higher Education	39	8	10.1080/03075079.2014.949533	Centre for Higher Education Transformation (CHET), PO Box 18094, Wynberg, Cape Town, South Africa; DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Scientometrics and STI Policy, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Cloete, N., Centre for Higher Education Transformation (CHET), PO Box 18094, Wynberg, Cape Town, South Africa, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Scientometrics and STI Policy, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Transformation in higher education in South Africa over the last 20 years has been strongly shaped by post-apartheid pressures. Recent research shows that South Africa's current higher education system can be described as medium knowledge-producing and differentiated, with low participation and high attrition. In the decade following 1994, both policy frameworks and capacity building of the sector received considerable attention. Massification and differentiation are concepts that have been under discussion for some time in South Africa, but have yet to be translated into practical mechanisms for delivery of results. The Centre for Higher Education Transformation initially focused its efforts on stimulating debate on cutting-edge issues in South Africa. More recently, it has shifted its focus to strengthening regional and national development of African universities to enable their more meaningful participation in the global knowledge economy and society. © 2014, © 2014 Society for Research into Higher Education.	development; differentiation; higher education; knowledge production; policy	None	None
None	None	The ECOWAS court as a human rights promoter? Assessing five years' impact of the Koraou Slavery judgment	Adjolohoun H.S.	2013	Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights	31	3	None	Centre for Human Rights, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Adjolohoun, H.S., Centre for Human Rights, University of Pretoria, South Africa	The 2005 reform initiated by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) had the double effect of putting an end to ten years of judicial lethargy and positioning its Community Court of Justice (ECCJ) as a promising international human rights body. One of the most illustrative cases of the Court's impact is the landmark Koraou (Slavery) judgment in which the ECCJ condemned Niger for failing to protect the complainant from enslavement by a third party. Five years after the Koraou decision, this paper uses empirical based theories, case study and factual evidence to interrogate whether the ECCJ's judgment has had any further effect than just restoring the dignity of an individual litigant. Such assessment is important to thousands of other human beings who still live in bondage in the rest of the region. Ultimately, the paper seeks to demonstrate that although it has not reached the irradiating model of the European Court of Human Rights, the ECCJ has the potential of becoming a human rights promoter in the region and beyond. © Netherlands Institute of Human Rights (SIM), Printed in the Netherlands.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-67650073197	Diffusion of professional norms: The impact of IFLA in South Africa	Underwood P.G.	2009	IFLA Journal	35	2	10.1177/0340035209105669	Centre for Information Literacy, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X01, Rondebosch 7701, Cape Town, South Africa	Underwood, P.G., Centre for Information Literacy, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X01, Rondebosch 7701, Cape Town, South Africa	A study of the impact of the work of IFLA, including its role in the development of information literacy programmes, on the profession in South Africa, based on the views of South African professionals attending the World Library and Information Congress, 73rd IFLA General Conference, held in Durban, 19-23 August 2007. A series of focus group and other interviews was used. Themes arising from the discussions are: ĝ€¢ That IFLA has a strong role to play in advice, guidance, and the development of standards; its role in national policy development is necessarily limited. ĝ€¢ That the Congress is an important meeting place and its proceedings a source of inspiration to those who have come with a 'prepared mind'. ĝ€¢ That the influence of its work and proceedings could be greater if it were communicated in accessible forms in partnership with existing publications such as the IFLA Journal. ĝ€¢ That, for the younger professional, seeking to become involved, IFLA is a daunting organization. Copyright © 2009 Author.	Durban; IFLA; Impact assessment; Information literacy; South Africa; World Library and Information Congress, 2007	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84925150851	Neurometric evaluations on the brain of the opossum (didelphys marsupialis cancrivora (linnaeus 1758) - A case for cognitive skill -brain development capacity	Samuel O.M., Olopade J.O., Onwuka S.K.	2014	Journal of Morphological Sciences	31	3	10.4322/jms.038714	Cranio-facial and maxillo-facial Anatomy, Depatment of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Agriculture Makurdi, Nigeria; NeuroAnatomy unit, Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Head Gross Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Anatomy	Samuel, O.M., Cranio-facial and maxillo-facial Anatomy, Depatment of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Agriculture Makurdi, Nigeria; Olopade, J.O., NeuroAnatomy unit, Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Onwuka, S.K., Head Gross Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Introduction: The Opossum is a marsupial related wild life species belonging to the order Didelphimorphia. They inhabit the swampy forest zones in Nigeria but could inhabit drier regions. Some are arboreal and digitigrades, characterized by long bare tails and opposable thumbs modified for climbing and grasping respectively, they are known to be deficient in comparative sociality, peculiar brain morphology and a short life span. Our aim was to correlate through macro-neuromorphometry as well evaluate for the influence of head and brain weight, sex, adaptation, and behavioral ecology on the brain dimensions in comparison with other marsupials. Method: This study utilized thirteen animals (didelphys marsupialis cancrivota) consisting of four (6) males and seven (7) females and employing statistical methods in making inferences among the categories. Results: The mean overall head weight was 256.17 ±54.11g, 250.60± 51.62g for females and 269.16 ±139.22g for males, the whole brain weight was 30.43 ±10.19g. The brain /head weight ratio was 0.05± 0.02 while the maximum cerebral diameter, length and height were 46.97 ±13.84mm, 48.01±19.72mm and 30.48 ±2.90mm. cerebellar weight was 1.81 ±1.09g, and the cerebellar height and width were 2.39 ± 0.38mm and 2.44 ± 1.59mm respectively, cerebrum/ whole brain length index was 0.86± 0.04mm while mean endo-cranial volume was 19.75 ±30.11mls.The sexually dimorphic variables include whole brain length (59.87± 9.56mm and 57.12± 12.01mm), cerebral length (49.93± 10.17mm and 41.12± 15.57mm) and cerebral diameter (35.91± 13.55mm and 43.54± 29.96mm) for females and males respectively, suggesting better encephalization in females of this species compared to the males. Also, dimorphic parameters function for purposes such as predatory instincts, nursing of the young, spatial orientation, migrations and ecologic adaptations. Conclusion: In addition, this investigation suggests the enhanced possibility of cerebro-vascular accident in this species partly due to the cerebral length and height ratio in relation to the endo-cranial volume and shape in the likelihood of shorter lifespan in the males. © 2014, Brazilian Society of Anatomy. All rights reserved.	Didelphys marsupialis cancrivora; Encephalisation variables; Intelligence; Macroneuromorphometry; Opossums	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939881403	Habitat simplification increases the impact of a freshwater invasive fish	Alexander M.E., Kaiser H., Weyl O.L.F., Dick J.T.A.	2014	Environmental Biology of Fishes	98	2	10.1007/s10641-014-0278-z	Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa; Department of Ichythology and Fisheries Science, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Grahamstown, South Africa; South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown, South Africa; Centre for Invasion Biology, SAIAB, Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown, South Africa; Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, MBC, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom	Alexander, M.E., Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa; Kaiser, H., Department of Ichythology and Fisheries Science, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Grahamstown, South Africa; Weyl, O.L.F., South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown, South Africa, Centre for Invasion Biology, SAIAB, Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown, South Africa; Dick, J.T.A., Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, MBC, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom	Biodiversity continues to decline at a range of spatial scales and there is an urgent requirement to understand how multiple drivers interact in causing such declines. Further, we require methodologies that can facilitate predictions of the effects of such drivers in the future. Habitat degradation and biological invasions are two of the most important threats to biodiversity and here we investigate their combined effects, both in terms of understanding and predicting impacts on native species. The predatory largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides is one of the World’s Worst Invaders, causing declines in native prey species, and its introduction often coincides with habitat simplification. We investigated the predatory functional response, as a measure of ecological impact, of juvenile largemouth bass in artificial vegetation over a range of habitat complexities (high, intermediate, low and zero). Prey, the female guppy Poecilia reticulata, were representative of native fish. As habitats became less complex, significantly more prey were consumed, since, even although attack rates declined, reduced handling times resulted in higher maximum feeding rates by bass. At all levels of habitat complexity, bass exhibited potentially population de-stabilising Type II functional responses, with no emergence of more stabilising Type III functional responses as often occurs in predator-prey relationships in complex habitats. Thus, habitat degradation and simplification potentially exacerbate the impact of this invasive species, but even highly complex habitats may ultimately not protect native species. The utilisation of functional responses under varying environmental contexts provides a method for the understanding and prediction of invasive species impacts. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.	Freshwater fish; Functional response; Global change; Habitat complexity; Impact; Invasive species	None	DMR, Department of Science and Technology, Republic of South Africa; DST, Department of Science and Technology, Republic of South Africa; NRF, Department of Science and Technology, Republic of South Africa; 85,417, Department of Science and Technology, Re
Scopus	2-s2.0-84946720989	Co-ownership and collaboration: Insights into the measurement of impact and change from evidence-based community and state violence prevention partnerships	Mutongwizo T., Leoschut L., Burton P.	2015	Stability	4	1	10.5334/sta.fh	Centre for Justice and Crime Prevention, South Africa	Mutongwizo, T., Centre for Justice and Crime Prevention, South Africa; Leoschut, L., Centre for Justice and Crime Prevention, South Africa; Burton, P., Centre for Justice and Crime Prevention, South Africa	Effective partnerships in community crime and violence prevention interventions are challenging to foster. Though challenging, their merits cannot be denied; thus it is necessary to involve diverse stakeholders in processes that aim to address violence and crime prevention in order to better approach the causes of crime. However, practical experiences have been used to identify the challenges of crime prevention partnerships, particularly in developing indicators that appropriately measure, monitor and evaluate progress. It has also been noted that it is difficult to discern which interventions yield success, particularly in partnerships with various stakeholders. This article therefore encourages joint assessments from the outset of crime prevention projects and the development of indicators that relate to all partners. This paper will draw on three violence and crime prevention pilot projects, conducted in South Africa. The discussion will focus on the processes of developing performance measurement frameworks and the challenges and successes experienced throughout the monitoring, evaluation and learning process. © 2015 The Author(s).	Crime prevention; Monitoring and evaluation; Multi-stakeholder forums; Partnerships; Safety audits	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956282885	Impact of the internet on final year students' research: A case study of Covenant university, Ota, Nigeria	Ilo P.I., Ifijeh G.I.	2010	Library Philosophy and Practice	2010	JUL	None	Centre For Learning Resources, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria	Ilo, P.I., Centre For Learning Resources, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria; Ifijeh, G.I., Centre For Learning Resources, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84937074095	Is South Africa's 20 years of democracy in crisis? Examining the impact of unrest incidents in local protests in the post-apartheid South Africa	Mkhize M.C.	2015	African Security Review	24	2	10.1080/10246029.2015.1038285	Centre for Military Studies (CEMIS), Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Mkhize, M.C., Centre for Military Studies (CEMIS), Stellenbosch University, South Africa	This article assesses South Africa's 20 years of democracy, which has frequently been bedevilled by local protests. This article is particularly interested in those unrest incidents that have been distinct for one reason or another. In South Africa, the surge in local unrest incidents is often linked to police behaviour, which has become increasingly militant and brutal when quelling protests. While the right to protest is constitutional, the damage caused during protest action can be immense owing to acts of violence. Protestors' resorting to violent protest action is often linked to increased frustrations as a result of the government's inability to live up to the expectations of marginalised and poor communities. While this article draws primarily on existing scholarly debates focusing on social protests, the primary objective is to examine the impact of unrest incidents on local protests in post-apartheid South Africa. The article further argues that ‘spaces’ for participation in local governance should be created so that citizens can become architects of development and their own future. © 2015 Institute for Security Studies.	globalisation; grassroots resistance; local protests; neoliberalism; police brutality; South Africa; spaces of participation; unrest incidents	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84917689456	The effectiveness of a teacher professional learning programme: The perceptions and performance of mathematics teachers	Ndlovu M.	2014	Pythagoras	35	2	10.4102/pythagoras.v35i2.237	Centre for Pedagogy, Faculty of Education, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa	Ndlovu, M., Centre for Pedagogy, Faculty of Education, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa	The purpose of this article is to report on an investigation of the perceptions and performance of mathematics teachers in a teacher professional learning (TPL) programme based on realistic mathematics education (RME) principles, which included a topic on transformations, undertaken by the researcher. Forty-seven Senior Phase (Grade 7-9) teachers took part in the mixed-methods study in which they answered a questionnaire with both closed and openended items. Fifty teachers took an achievement test at the end of the programme. The TPL programme used the RME approach in the design and delivery of mathematical tasks intended to enhance teachers' mathematical knowledge for teaching. The sessions were conducted in a manner that modelled one way in which RME principles can be adopted as a teacher professional development strategy. The significance of the study is that continuing TPL is acknowledged to contribute to improvement in teaching and learning to address the concern about unsatisfactory learner achievement in mathematics. The responses suggested that the majority of teachers experienced the sessions positively in relation to all but one of the six RME principles. The teachers reported that they took an active part both as individuals and in small groups and expressed their willingness to adopt the type of activities and materials for their classrooms, which is an essential first step in Guskey's first level of evaluation of a teacher TPL programme. The teachers' average performance in an achievement test at the end of the topic was 72% which was indicative of modest learning gains at Guskey's second level of TPL effectiveness. © 2014. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70449086303	Intergenerational struggles over urban housing: The impact on livelihoods of the elderly in Zimbabwe	Paradza G.G.	2009	Gender and Development	17	3	10.1080/13552070903298410	Centre for Policy Studies, Braamfontein, South Africa	Paradza, G.G., Centre for Policy Studies, Braamfontein, South Africa	Legislative and economic changes in Zimbabwe have caused a confrontation between the younger and older generations over resources, with bad consequences for both. This article is based on research into the experiences of families living in both rural and urban areas. Since women normally outlive their husbands, struggles over property are common when husbands die. For elderly women, ownership of urban housing does not necessarily lead to control. Hence, owning property does not in itself ensure they can ensure economic security from it. © Oxfam GB 2009.	Elderly; Housing; Inheritance; Livelihood; Tenure; Urban; Zimbabwe	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84948180161	The impact of health service variables on healthcare access in a low resourced urban setting in the Western Cape, South Africa	Scheffler E., Visagie S., Schneider M.	2015	African Journal of Primary Health Care and Family Medicine	7	1	10.4102/phcfm.v7i1.820	Centre for Rehabilitation Studies, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Psychology Department, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa	Scheffler, E., Centre for Rehabilitation Studies, Stellenbosch University, South Africa, Psychology Department, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Visagie, S., Centre for Rehabilitation Studies, Stellenbosch University, South Africa, Psychology Department, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Schneider, M., Psychology Department, Stellenbosch University, South Africa, Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa	Background: Health care access is complex and multi-faceted and, as a basic right, equitable access and services should be available to all user groups. Objectives: The aim of this article is to explore how service delivery impacts on access to healthcare for vulnerable groups in an urban primary health care setting in South Africa. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study design was used. Data were collected through semistructured interviews with purposively sampled participants and analysed through thematic content analysis. Results: Service delivery factors are presented against five dimensions of access according to the ACCESS Framework. From a supplier perspective, the organisation of care in the study setting resulted in available, accessible, affordable and adequate services as measured against the District Health System policies and guidelines. However, service providers experienced significant barriers in provision of services, which impacted on the quality of care, resulting in poor client and provider satisfaction and ultimately compromising acceptability of service delivery. Although users found services to be accessible, the organisation of services presented them with challenges in the domains of availability, affordability and adequacy, resulting in unmet needs, low levels of satisfaction and loss of trust. These challenges fuelled perceptions of unacceptable services. Conclusion: Well developed systems and organisation of services can create accessible, affordable and available primary healthcare services, but do not automatically translate into adequate and acceptable services. Focussing attention on how services are delivered might restore the balance between supply (services) and demand (user needs) and promote universal and equitable access. © 2015. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84948957369	Direct-to-consumer genetic testing for predicting sports performance and talent identification: Consensus statement	Webborn N., Williams A., McNamee M., Bouchard C., Pitsiladis Y., Ahmetov I., Ashley E., Byrne N., Camporesi S., Collins M., Dijkstra P., Eynon N., Fuku N., Garton F.C., Hoppe N., Holm S., Kaye J., Klissouras V., Lucia A., Maase K., Moran C., North K.N., P	2015	British Journal of Sports Medicine	49	23	10.1136/bjsports-2015-095343	Centre for Sport and Exercise Science and Medicine (SESAME), University of Brighton, Eastbourne, United Kingdom; MMU Sports Genomics Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Crewe Green Road, Crewe, United Kingdom; College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom; Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States; FIMS Reference Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine for Anti-Doping Research, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, United Kingdom; Volga Region State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Kazan, Russian Federation; Clinical Genomics Service, Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States; Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond Institute of Health and Sport, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia; Department of Social Science, Health and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Aspetar-Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar; Institute of Sport, Exercise, and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Paediatrics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's HospitalVIC, Australia; Coram Chambers, London, United Kingdom; School of Law, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Nuffield Department of Population Health, Centre for Health, Law and Emerging Technologies, University of Oxford, Headington, United Kingdom; Emeritus of Ergophysiology, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Universidad Europea and Research Institute, Madrid, Spain; Elite Sport Unit, Netherlands Olympic Committee and Netherlands Sports Confederation (NOC and NSF), Utrecht, Netherlands; Physiological Epigenetics Research Group, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom; International Federation of Sports Medicine, University of Rome, Rome, Italy	Webborn, N., Centre for Sport and Exercise Science and Medicine (SESAME), University of Brighton, Eastbourne, United Kingdom; Williams, A., MMU Sports Genomics Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Crewe Green Road, Crewe, United Kingdom; McNamee, M., College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom; Bouchard, C., Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States; Pitsiladis, Y., FIMS Reference Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine for Anti-Doping Research, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, United Kingdom; Ahmetov, I., Volga Region State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Kazan, Russian Federation; Ashley, E., Clinical Genomics Service, Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States; Byrne, N., Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond Institute of Health and Sport, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia; Camporesi, S., Department of Social Science, Health and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Collins, M., Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Dijkstra, P., Aspetar-Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar; Eynon, N., Institute of Sport, Exercise, and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Fuku, N., Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; Garton, F.C., Department of Paediatrics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's HospitalVIC, Australia; Hoppe, N., Coram Chambers, London, United Kingdom; Holm, S., School of Law, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Kaye, J., Nuffield Department of Population Health, Centre for Health, Law and Emerging Technologies, University of Oxford, Headington, United Kingdom; Klissouras, V., Emeritus of Ergophysiology, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Lucia, A., Universidad Europea and Research Institute, Madrid, Spain; Maase, K., Elite Sport Unit, Netherlands Olympic Committee and Netherlands Sports Confederation (NOC and NSF), Utrecht, Netherlands; Moran, C., Physiological Epigenetics Research Group, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom; North, K.N., Department of Paediatrics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's HospitalVIC, Australia; Pigozzi, F., International Federation of Sports Medicine, University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Wang, G., FIMS Reference Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine for Anti-Doping Research, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, United Kingdom	The general consensus among sport and exercise genetics researchers is that genetic tests have no role to play in talent identification or the individualised prescription of training to maximise performance. Despite the lack of evidence, recent years have witnessed the rise of an emerging market of direct-toconsumer marketing (DTC) tests that claim to be able to identify children's athletic talents. Targeted consumers include mainly coaches and parents. There is concern among the scientific community that the current level of knowledge is being misrepresented for commercial purposes. There remains a lack of universally accepted guidelines and legislation for DTC testing in relation to all forms of genetic testing and not just for talent identification. There is concern over the lack of clarity of information over which specific genes or variants are being tested and the almost universal lack of appropriate genetic counselling for the interpretation of the genetic data to consumers. Furthermore independent studies have identified issues relating to quality control by DTC laboratories with different results being reported from samples from the same individual. Consequently, in the current state of knowledge, no child or young athlete should be exposed to DTC genetic testing to define or alter training or for talent identification aimed at selecting gifted children or adolescents. Large scale collaborative projects, may help to develop a stronger scientific foundation on these issues in the future.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960200958	Impact of an educational development programme on teaching practice of academics at a research-intensive university	Cilliers F.J., Herman N.	2010	International Journal for Academic Development	15	3	10.1080/1360144X.2010.497698	Centre for Teaching and Learning, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Cilliers, F.J., Centre for Teaching and Learning, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Herman, N., Centre for Teaching and Learning, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Evidence of the impact of educational development (ED) programmes on faculty is often not gathered beyond ascertaining the immediate reactions of participants. This paper reports the results of a study to determine what level of impact an ED programme at a university has had on academics' teaching practice over time. Kirkpatrick's framework provided a useful approach to conceptualise how to examine critically the impact of ED efforts. A series of semi-structured interviews with 14 programme participants and a subsequent questionnaire survey of 248 participants were undertaken. The programme resulted in high-level impact when rated according to Kirkpatrick's framework, including changes to individual behaviour and organisational practice, benefits to academics and perceived benefits to their students. Change was reported up to seven years after participation. These results emphasise the role that a well-designed ED programme can play in enhancing the quality of teaching and assessment practice at a research-intensive university. © 2010 Taylor & Francis.	Educational development; Effectiveness; Faculty development; Impact; Staff development	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84856357730	Assessing the suitability and efficiency of high performance liquid chromatography instrument - A new aproach	Affum A.O., Gyan B.	2011	International Journal of Chemical Sciences	9	4	None	Chemistry Department, National Nuclear Research Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 80, Legon, Accra, Ghana; Immunology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana	Affum, A.O., Chemistry Department, National Nuclear Research Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 80, Legon, Accra, Ghana; Gyan, B., Immunology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana	A unique, cheap, precise and a simple analytical instrument qualification (AIQ) method was developed for a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) by using hypoxanthine, a universal nucleobase. This method could be used to determine the suitability of any HPLC that will be used for biomedical, environmental and food sample analysis. The volumetric flow of the mobile phase delivered by the pumps was consistent for given flow rate, with percent relative standard deviation (RSD %) of ± 0.05 % for pump A and B. The hypoxanthine calibration curve for the combined HPLC components in 1% acetonitrile and 0.05 M ammonium phosphate buffer at pH 6, as mobile phase was linear over a concentration range of 4 μM to 20 μM. A correlation coefficient of 0.95 and a sensitivity of 1824.2 AU/μM was obtained. A log-log analysis of the hypoxanthine calibration curve was linear. Column efficiency determined from toluene and biphenyl in 90: 10 % (v/v) methanol/water mixtures at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. was comparable to the results obtained by the manufacturer. In conclusion, it was determined that the HPLC instrument operated within the manufacturer specified and user approved parameters.	Analytical instrument qualification (AIQ); Calibration; Column efficiency; Flow rate; High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); Hypoxanthine; Spectrophotometer	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84930698491	Integrating the informal with the formal: An estimation of the impacts of a shift from paratransit line-haul to feeder service provision in Cape Town	Del Mistro R., Behrens R.	2015	Case Studies on Transport Policy	3	2	10.1016/j.cstp.2014.10.001	Centre for Transport Studies, University of Cape Town, Private Bag x3, Rondebosch, South Africa	Del Mistro, R., Centre for Transport Studies, University of Cape Town, Private Bag x3, Rondebosch, South Africa; Behrens, R., Centre for Transport Studies, University of Cape Town, Private Bag x3, Rondebosch, South Africa	Feeder-trunk-distribution service arrangements are a possible means of integrating paratransit services with scheduled services in public transport system reform projects. In such arrangements the transport authority would concentrate on providing or contracting a high capacity trunk service using large vehicles on corridors with the requisite passenger demand, while paratransit operators would be relegated to only providing feeder and distribution services using smaller vehicles in adjacent areas. This paper explores the veracity of a perception amongst paratransit operators in Cape Town that operating feeder services is less lucrative than operating direct services. A public transport cost model is used to explore the implications of such a change in service operation, using cost and travel demand input data currently applicable in Cape Town. The modelling results suggest that individual minibus operators would be more profitable if they only provided feeder/distribution services, but that improved operating efficiencies would come at the cost of a reduction in the required minibus fleet and associated jobs. It is therefore concluded that if a feeder-trunk-distribution scheme is pursued as a means of integrating paratransit into a revitalised public transport system, considerable attention should to be given to developing strategies that absorb as many paratransit operators displaced by high capacity trunk services as possible. Providing feeder and distribution services for new choice passengers attracted to the improved trunk service may hold promise in this regard. © 2014 World Conference on Transport Research Society.	Feeder; Line-haul; Paratransit	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80052578289	Impacts of bitumen deposit on surface waters: A case study of physico-chemical properties of surface waters in the Southwestern Nigerian bitumen deposit area	Adebiyi F.M., Asubiojo O.I.	2011	Management of Environmental Quality	22	5	10.1108/14777831111159761	Chemistry Department, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria	Adebiyi, F.M., Chemistry Department, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria; Asubiojo, O.I., Chemistry Department, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria	Purpose: This paper aims to examine the quality of the surface waters of the bitumen deposit area of Nigeria and also to establish the relationship between the deposit and the waters. Design/methodology/approach: Physico-chemical parameters were measured using standard analytical procedures, while the elemental contents were determined using total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Data acquired were interpreted using statistical techniques - charts, t-test, pollution index (PI) and cross-plot analysis. Findings: A river located close to the bitumen well contained the highest concentrations of metals that are known to be associated with hydrocarbon formation. Comparison of the levels of the analyzed parameters in the waters with their standard permissible limits showed that the levels of Cl<UP>-</UP>, SO<DN>4</DN><UP>2-</UP>, total alkalinity and Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in the river very close to the capped bitumen well and big rivers were high and low in the small streams. This was corroborated by their pollution index values. Results of the cross-plot analysis of the waters-river close to bitumen well/bitumen (R<UP>2</UP>=0.5); small streams/bitumen (R<UP>2</UP>=0.8) and big rivers/bitumen (R<UP>2</UP>=0.2) showed moderate; strong and weak positive correlations respectively, suggesting moderate, strong and weak inter-element correlations respectively between the sets of waters and the Nigerian bitumen deposit, and also establishing relationships between the deposit and the surface waters. Originality/value: The paper provides insight into the potability of the waters; establishment of the inter-element relationship between the bitumen deposit and the waters. These results can serve as a fingerprint for bitumen exploration elsewhere and for similar mineral deposit settings. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Bitumen; Nigeria; Physico-chemical parameters; Surface water; TXRF; Water	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84862140149	Bis(ferrocenylimine)palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes: Synthesis, molecular structures and evaluation as antitumor agents	Motswainyana W.M., Onani M.O., Madiehe A.M.	2012	Polyhedron	41	1	10.1016/j.poly.2012.04.010	Chemistry Department, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa	Motswainyana, W.M., Chemistry Department, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; Onani, M.O., Chemistry Department, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; Madiehe, A.M., Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa	Compounds (ferrocenyl-2-furylmethyl)imine (L1), (ferrocenyl-2- thiophenemethyl)imine (L2) and (ferrocenyl-2-thiopheneethyl)imine (L3) were synthesized by condensation reactions and obtained in very good yields. Reactions of L1-L3 with 0.5 equiv. of either PdCl 2(cod), PdClMe(cod) or K 2[PtCl 4] gave the new corresponding trans-bis(ferrocenylimine)palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes 1-9. The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structures of 3 and 6 were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Both structures crystallize in monoclinic P2 1/n space system. The coordination geometry around the palladium atom in complexes 3 and 6 exhibits a square planar geometry at the palladium atom. Complexes 1, 7 and 9 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against human breast (MCF-7) and human ovarian (A2780) cancer cell lines, and they exhibited low cytotoxic activities but comparable to that of cisplatin. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	Cancer; Cisplatin; Cytotoxicity; Ferrocenylimine; Molecular structures; Palladium; Platinum	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84877709122	Impact of nutrition education on nutrition knowledge of public school educators in South Africa: A pilot study	Oldewage-Theron W.H., Egal A.	2012	Health SA Gesondheid	17	1	10.4102/hsag.v17i1.602	Centre of Sustainable Livelihoods, Vaal University of Technology, South Africa	Oldewage-Theron, W.H., Centre of Sustainable Livelihoods, Vaal University of Technology, South Africa; Egal, A., Centre of Sustainable Livelihoods, Vaal University of Technology, South Africa	The Department of Basic Education (DBE) has not given nutrition education the necessary emphasis that it needs, despite its importance in South African schools. Nutrition is included as only one of many topics forming part of the Life Orientation syllabus. Educators are role models for learners in making healthy food choices, however, studies have shown that major gaps exist in the health and nutrition-related knowledge and behaviour of educators. The objective of this research was to undertake a pilot study to determine the impact of a nutrition education programme (NEP) on the nutrition knowledge of Life Orientation educators in public schools in South Africa (SA). An exploratory baseline survey, to determine the nutrition education practices in 45 purposively selected public schools, was carried out before the experimental nutrition education intervention study. A nutrition knowledge questionnaire was completed by 24 purposively selected educators, representing all nine provinces in SA, before and after a three-day NEP. Pre and post-NEP data were analysed on the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for a Windows program version 17.0 for descriptive statistics, version 17.0. Paired t-tests measured statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) before and after the NEP. The knowledge of the respondents improved significantly after the NEP as the mean±s.d. score of correctly answered questions (n = 59) improved from 63.3±30.2% before to 80.6±21.1% after the NEP. The results proved that nutrition knowledge of Life Orientation educators in primary schools is not optimal, but can be improved by NEP. © 2012. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867366192	Impact of a soy nutrition education programme on knowledge in a low-income community in Qwa-Qwa, South Africa	Oldewage-Theron W., Egal A.A.	2012	International Journal of Consumer Studies	36	4	10.1111/j.1470-6431.2011.01064.x	Centre of Sustainable Livelihoods, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa	Oldewage-Theron, W., Centre of Sustainable Livelihoods, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa; Egal, A.A., Centre of Sustainable Livelihoods, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa	The objective of this study was to measure the knowledge of the South African food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG), as well as of soy gardening and uses of soy, before and after a nutrition education training programme (NEP). The methods consisted of the four phases of the Food and Agriculture Organization framework for nutrition education. A structured nutrition education questionnaire (NEQ) consisting of 32 questions was developed. The NEQ was used to collect data both at baseline and at the end of a NEP in 75 purposively selected households. Descriptive statistics (frequencies) and paired t-tests were done to determine the statistically significant (P<0.05) differences in knowledge before and after the NEP. At baseline, the results showed a good knowledge of the FBDG as the majority of the respondents (66%) answered the questions correctly. Regarding soy, the knowledge of respondents improved significantly (P<0.05) from 65.0% correctly answered questions before the NEP to 74.1% after the NEP. It can be concluded that the NEP proved to be successful in teaching the caregivers about soy gardening and soy use in the household. It is recommended that memory retention is measured over a longer period and that soy gardens be implemented to further strengthen sustainability and to address household food insecurity and malnutrition. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.	Child caregivers; Malnutrition; Nutrition education; Soy gardening	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84937859588	Do we care about the distance to the CMB? Clarifying the impact of second-order lensing	Bonvin C., Clarkson C., Durrer R., Maartens R., Umeh O.	2015	Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics	2015	6	10.1088/1475-7516/2015/06/050	CERN, Theory Division, Geneva, Switzerland; Astrophysics, Cosmology and Gravity Centre, Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Département de Physique Théorique, Center for Astroparticle Physics, Université de Genève, Quai E. Ansermet 24, Genève 4, Switzerland; Physics Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa; Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom	Bonvin, C., CERN, Theory Division, Geneva, Switzerland; Clarkson, C., Astrophysics, Cosmology and Gravity Centre, Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Durrer, R., Département de Physique Théorique, Center for Astroparticle Physics, Université de Genève, Quai E. Ansermet 24, Genève 4, Switzerland; Maartens, R., Physics Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa, Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom; Umeh, O., Physics Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa	It has recently been shown that second-order corrections to the background distance-redshift relation can build up significantly at large redshifts, due to an aggregation of gravitational lensing events. This shifts the expectation value of the distance to the CMB by 1%. In this paper we show that this shift is already properly accounted for in standard CMB analyses. We clarify the role that the area distance to the CMB plays in the presence of second-order lensing corrections. © 2015 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab srl .	CMBR theory; cosmological parameters from CMBR; gravitational lensing	None	SNSF, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941551714	The impact of economic freedom on economic growth in the sadc: An individual component analysis	Gorlach V.I., le Roux P.	2015	Journal for Studies in Economics and Econometrics	39	2	None	CFA, South Africa; Department of Economics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa	Gorlach, V.I., CFA, South Africa; le Roux, P., Department of Economics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa	The SADC is attempting to achieve development and economic growth. This paper investigates the relationship between economic freedom - in aggregate and on an individual component basis - on economic growth in the SADC. The annual data for 13 SADC countries from 2000 to 2009 are used to construct a generalised method of moments, dynamic panel-data model. When cross-sectional dependence of the error term, individual- and time-specific effects are controlled, economic freedom and GDP per capita are positively related and freedom Granger-causes growth. Gross fixed capital formation and economic openness are positively related to growth but government consumption expenditure is an insignificant driver of growth in the SADC. All five individual components are highly significant and are positively related to growth; however, the magnitude of the elasticity parameters varies. The causality among the individual freedom components indicates that linkages exist between certain of these components. © 2015, Universiteit Stellenbosch. All rights reserved.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953364241	Innovative performance in African technical projects-A multi-level study	Seriki H.T., Hoegl M., Parboteeah K.P.	2010	Journal of World Business	45	3	10.1016/j.jwb.2009.09.010	Cielarko - International Management Consultants, 2 Hampstead House, 1 Fraser Road, Muizenberg 7945, Cape Town, South Africa; WHU - Otto Beisheim School of Management, Chair of Leadership and Human Resource Management, Burgplatz 2, 56179 Vallendar, Germany; Management Department, University of Wisconsin - Whitewater, Whitewater, WI 53190, United States	Seriki, H.T., Cielarko - International Management Consultants, 2 Hampstead House, 1 Fraser Road, Muizenberg 7945, Cape Town, South Africa; Hoegl, M., WHU - Otto Beisheim School of Management, Chair of Leadership and Human Resource Management, Burgplatz 2, 56179 Vallendar, Germany; Parboteeah, K.P., Management Department, University of Wisconsin - Whitewater, Whitewater, WI 53190, United States	In this paper, we discuss how the societal context of sub-Saharan Africa is related to the innovative performance of project teams. We developed propositions based on previous literature while also using insights from experts from the sub-Saharan section of Africa. We then tested these propositions using a case based approach. Specifically, we examined the propositions through interviews with team leaders in three companies located in sub-Saharan Africa (two located in Nigeria and one located in South Africa). This empirical examination of real-life project teams in sub-Saharan Africa led us to an improved understanding concerning the consequences of African societal characteristics for the innovative performance of teams. Essentially, our findings suggest that managers of African projects need to adapt their methods (1) to incorporate and utilize the diversity inherent in society, (2) to (re)direct the focus of entire projects towards creating value for human beings, and (3) to maintain acceptable and security-giving hierarchies. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our findings. © 2009 Elsevier Inc.	Diversity; Innovation; Project management; Sub-Saharan Africa; Teamwork	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84936886428	The Gendered Impacts of Agricultural Asset Transfer Projects: Lessons from the Manica Smallholder Dairy Development Program	Johnson N., Njuki J., Waithanji E., Nhambeto M., Rogers M., Kruger E.H.	2015	Gender, Technology and Development	19	2	10.1177/0971852415578041	CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, United States; Cultivate Africa’s Future, International Development Research Centre, Nairobi, Kenya; International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya; National Monitoring and Evaluation Officer, Land O’Lakes International Development, Chimoio-Manica, Mozambique; Brattle Group, Washington, DC, United States; Eden Prairie, Minnesota, United States	Johnson, N., CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, United States; Njuki, J., Cultivate Africa’s Future, International Development Research Centre, Nairobi, Kenya; Waithanji, E., International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya; Nhambeto, M., National Monitoring and Evaluation Officer, Land O’Lakes International Development, Chimoio-Manica, Mozambique; Rogers, M., Brattle Group, Washington, DC, United States; Kruger, E.H., Eden Prairie, Minnesota, United States	This article explores the gendered impacts of a development project that provided dairy training and a superior breed of cattle to households as part of a broader effort to develop a smallholder-friendly, market-oriented dairy value chain in the Manica province of Mozambique. The project first targeted households, registered cows in the names of the household heads, and, initially, trained these cow owners in various aspects of dairy production and marketing. Subsequently, the training was expanded to two members per household to increase the capacity within households to care for cows, a change that resulted in the training of a significant number of women. Using qualitative and quantitative data on dairy production and consumption, and on gendered control over income and assets, the article explores how men and women participated in and benefited from the Manica Smallholder Dairy Development Program (MSDDP). We found that despite being registered in the name of men, in practice, dairy cattle are in some cases viewed as jointly owned by both men and women. Beneficiary households dramatically increased dairy production and income, with men, women, and children all contributing labor to this endeavor. Women’s incentives for participation in dairy were less clear. Despite their recognized rights and responsibilities related to dairy cow management, women exercised relatively little control over milk and milk income as compared to men. This article explores the various monetary and nonmonetary benefits of MSDDP and dairying for women along with their implications for the level of effort put in by women, and the overall project outcomes. © 2015, © 2015 Asian Institute of Technology.	assets; dairy development; Gender; mixed methods; Mozambique; property rights	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84857837922	The world café in South Africa: A case study on improving performance and commitment	Eriaan O., Cady S.H.	2012	Organization Development Journal	30	1	None	ChangeWright Consulting, Johannesburg, South Africa	Eriaan, O., ChangeWright Consulting, Johannesburg, South Africa; Cady, S.H., ChangeWright Consulting, Johannesburg, South Africa	We present a case study based on a body of methodologies within a field referred to as whole system collaboration and change, large-group methods or interventions, and large-scale change. The World Café conversational process was utilized as part of an intervention designed to improve employee commitment and ensure continued effort in a service improvement program at an Information and Communications Technology (ICT) company. We describe the process for evaluating the impact of interventions; and, we report that the intervention appeared to improve an objective measure of performance and positively impact attitudes within the organization.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84919572776	Use of ground-penetrating radar for construction monitoring and evaluation of perpetual pavements	Li J., Walubita L.F., Simate G.S., Alvarez A.E., Liu W.	2015	Natural Hazards	75	1	10.1007/s11069-014-1314-1	Changsha University of Science and Technology (CUST), Changsha, Hunan, China; TTI, PVAMU - The Texas A&M University System, College Station, TX, United States; School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Magdalena, Santa Marta, Colombia; TTI, College Station, TX, United States	Li, J., Changsha University of Science and Technology (CUST), Changsha, Hunan, China, TTI, College Station, TX, United States; Walubita, L.F., TTI, PVAMU - The Texas A&M University System, College Station, TX, United States; Simate, G.S., School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Alvarez, A.E., Department of Civil Engineering, University of Magdalena, Santa Marta, Colombia; Liu, W., TTI, College Station, TX, United States	The inherent quality of perpetual pavement (PP) governs its performance, which consequently influences the frequency and level of the potential accidents during the whole service life.This paper presents the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) as a nondestructive testing (NDT) tool that was utilized for construction monitoring and evaluation of Texas (USA) perpetual pavements. The currently existing Texas PP sections typically consist of hot-mix asphalt layers of over 350-mm total thickness supported on a 200-mm-thick treated (6 % lime or 2 % cement) base, which is resting on a well-compacted in situ subgrade soil. Overall, the results indicate that the GPR has great potential as an effective NDT tool for aiding with the construction quality monitoring, forensic investigations, and structural/performance evaluation of PP structures. In particular, the GPR is useful in determining pavement layer thicknesses, assessing compaction uniformity, locating areas of moisture retention, identifying low-density spots and localized high voided areas, indicative assessment of vertical segregation and debonding, and quality assessment of construction joints. Additionally, the current GPR system has the advantage of rapidly and continuously collecting pavement data up to a depth of 610 mm, together with integrated video images and a GPS system, over any desired highway length while traveling at a nominal speed of about 113 km/h without disturbing conventional traffic. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.	Accidents; Construction; Density; Ground-penetrating radar; Moisture; Perpetual pavement	None	FHWA, Federal Highway Administration
Scopus	2-s2.0-84890016895	The Importance of Trust in Procurement Practices and Its Impact on Business Performance: An Empirical Investigation From the Perspective of the Buyer-Supplier Dyad	Dahwa M.P., Al-Hakim L., Ng E.	2013	Journal of Relationship Marketing	12	4	10.1080/15332667.2013.846768	Chartered Institute of Purchasing and Supply-Southern Africa, Pretoria, South Africa; School of Management and Marketing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia	Dahwa, M.P., Chartered Institute of Purchasing and Supply-Southern Africa, Pretoria, South Africa; Al-Hakim, L., School of Management and Marketing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia; Ng, E., School of Management and Marketing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia	This article investigates the importance of trust in procurement practices and its impact on business performance from the perspective of the buyer-supplier dyad within Zimbabwe's banking industry. This study was exploratory in nature and adopted the use of a case study methodology. The study involved 22 cases in the banking industry, with a total of 44 interviews being conducted. Findings revealed that 29 dimensions across 7 trust attributes in buyer-supplier procurement practices had an impact on business performance for firms in Zimbabwe's banking industry. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	banking; business to business; buyer-supplier procurement; relationships; trust theory; Zimbabwe	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84887138674	Why Namibian Farmers Are Satisfied With the Performance of Their Livestock Guarding Dogs	Potgieter G.C., Marker L.L., Avenant N.L., Kerley G.I.H.	2013	Human Dimensions of Wildlife	18	6	10.1080/10871209.2013.803211	Cheetah Conservation Fund, Otjiwarongo, Namibia; Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; National Museum of South Africa, Bloemfontein, South Africa; University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Potgieter, G.C., Cheetah Conservation Fund, Otjiwarongo, Namibia, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Marker, L.L., Cheetah Conservation Fund, Otjiwarongo, Namibia; Avenant, N.L., National Museum of South Africa, Bloemfontein, South Africa, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Kerley, G.I.H., Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa	The success of livestock guarding dogs (LGDs) in mitigating farmer-predator conflict relies on the perceptions of farmers that use them. Purebred LGDs are provided to Namibian farmers by the Cheetah Conservation Fund as a farmer-predator conflict mitigation measure. We examined the perceptions of farmers using 164 of these LGDs by analyzing data collected during face-to-face interviews from 2000-2010. Although most respondents reported reduced livestock losses since LGD introduction, satisfaction with LGD performance was more strongly linked to their observations of LGD behavior. The most commonly reported negative behaviors were staying home (29 LGDs, 18%) and chasing wildlife (25 LGDs, 15%). On subsistence farms, care provided was negatively correlated with LGD age (r = -.34, n = 35, p =.04) and LGDs reportedly staying home were provided with less care than other LGDs. Overall, LGDs performed satisfactorily on commercial and subsistence farms, and thus contributed to farmer-predator conflict mitigation. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	farmer perceptions; human-wildlife conflict; livestock losses; Namibia	None	National Research Foundation
WoS	WOS:000303928900011	Impact of a hospital improvement initiative in Bangladesh on patient experiences and satisfaction with services: two cross-sectional studies	Andersson, Neil,Cockcroft, Anne,Omer, Khalid	2011	BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH	11	None	10.1186/1472-6963-11-S2-S10	CIET Pakistan, CIET Trust Botswana, Univ Autonoma Guerrero	None	Background: The Bangladesh government implemented a pilot Hospital Improvement Initiative (HII) in five hospitals in Sylhet division between 1998 and 2003. This included management and behaviour change training for staff, waste disposal and procurement, and referral arrangements. Two linked cross-sectional surveys in 2000 and 2003 assessed the impact of the HII, assessing both patients' experience and satisfaction and public views and use of the hospitals. Methods: In each survey we asked 300 consecutive outpatients and a stratified random sample of 300 inpatients in the five hospitals about waiting and consultation time, use of an agent for admission, and satisfaction with privacy, cleanliness, and staff behaviour. The field teams observed cleanliness and privacy arrangements, and visited a sample of households in communities near the hospitals to ask about their opinions and use of the hospital services. Analysis examined changes over time in patients' experience and views. Multivariate analysis took account of other variables potentially associated with the outcomes. Survey managers discussed the survey findings with gender stratified focus groups in each sample community. Results: Compared with 2000, an outpatient in three of the hospitals in 2003 was more likely to be seen within 10 minutes and for at least five minutes by the doctor, but outpatients were less likely to report receiving all the prescribed medicines from the hospital. In 2003, inpatients were more likely to have secured admission without using an agent. Although patients' satisfaction with several aspects of care improved, most changes were not statistically significant. Households in 2003 were significantly more likely to rate the hospitals as good than in 2000. Use of the hospitals did not change, except that more households used the medical college hospital for inpatient care in 2003. Focus groups confirmed criticisms of services and suggested improvements. Conclusion: Improvements in some aspects of patients' experience may have been due to the programme, but the decreased availability of medicines in government facilities across the country over the period also occurred in these hospitals. Monitoring patients' experience and satisfaction as well as public views and use of hospital services is feasible and useful for assessing service interventions.	,CARE,FRAMEWORK,NATIONAL-SURVEY,PERFORMANCE,"PRIVATE HOSPITALS",QUALITY,QUESTIONNAIRE,RELIABILITY	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-71949105375	Environmental impacts of Sheba tannery (Ethiopia) effluents on the surrounding water bodies	Gebrekidan A., Gebresellasie G., Mulugeta A.	2009	Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia	23	2	None	Chemistry Department, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekele, Ethiopia	Gebrekidan, A., Chemistry Department, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekele, Ethiopia; Gebresellasie, G., Chemistry Department, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekele, Ethiopia; Mulugeta, A., Chemistry Department, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekele, Ethiopia	The levels of hexavalent chromium from direct and treated Sheba tannery effluents, downstream river and spring water samples and upstream river water samples were determined spectrophotometrically by the s-diphenylcarbazide method at 340 nm. Temporal and representative samples were collected from the untreated tannery effluent (S1), sedimentation pond (S2), chromium oxidation pond (S3), downstream river (S4), downstream spring (S5) and 5 kms upstream river (S6). The mean levels of hexavalent chromium in S1, S2, S 3, S4, S5 and S6 were 10.54, 9.15, 7.82, 0.58, 0.54 and 0.015 mg/L, respectively. The levels of hexavalent chromium in the downstream river and spring water samples exceed the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limit of total chromium in drinking waters (0.05 mg/L) as opposed to the levels in the upstream waters. The increased concentrations of Cr(VI) in the water samples indicate the possible environmental pollution of the downstream water bodies by the Sheba tannery effluents. In view of the toxicity and related environmental hazards, the levels of hexavalent chromium from the Sheba tannery effluents must be reduced to a permissible limit before discharging into the down stream waters being used for domestic purposes by the nearby communities. © 2009 Chemical Society of Ethiopia.	Environmental pollution; Ethiopia; Hexavalent chromium; S-diphenycarbazide; Tannery effluents	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896495824	Hemilabile imino-phosphine palladium(II) complexes: Synthesis, molecular structure, and evaluation in Heck reactions	Motswainyana W.M., Onani M.O., Lalancette R.A., Tarus P.K.	2014	Chemical Papers	68	7	10.2478/s11696-013-0530-6	Chemistry Department, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, 7535 Bellville, South Africa; Carl A. Olson Memorial Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, United States; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya	Motswainyana, W.M., Chemistry Department, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, 7535 Bellville, South Africa; Onani, M.O., Chemistry Department, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, 7535 Bellville, South Africa; Lalancette, R.A., Carl A. Olson Memorial Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, United States; Tarus, P.K., Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya	The ligands 2-(diphenylphosphino)benzyl-(2-thiophene)methylimine (V) and 2-(diphenylphosphino) benzyl-(2-thiophene)ethylimine (VI) were prepared from 2-(diphenylphosphino)benzaldehyde and thiophene amines with very good yields. An equimolar reaction of V and VI with either PdCl2(cod) (cod = cyclooctadiene) or PdClMe(cod) afforded palladium(II) complexes I-IV. The molecular structure of II was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. The coordination geometry around the palladium atom exhibited distorted square planar geometry at the palladium centre. Complexes I, II, and IV were evaluated as catalysts for Heck coupling reactions of iodobenzene with methyl acrylate under mild reaction conditions; 0.1 mole % catalyst, Et3N base, MeCN reflux for 8 h, 80 C; isolated yield on a 10 mmol scale with catalyst I (64 %), II (68 %), and IV (58 %). They all exhibited significant activities. © 2013 Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences.	Heck reaction; imino-phosphine; palladium; Schiff-base molecular structures	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874911480	Synthesis, characterisation, docking analysis and biological evaluation of α,α′-bis(p-dimethylaminobenzylidene)-γ- methylcyclohexanone	Shalini S., Girija C.R., Karunakar P., Jotani M.M., Venugopala K.N., Venkatesha T.V.	2013	Indian Journal of Chemistry - Section B Organic and Medicinal Chemistry	52	2	None	Chemistry Research Centre, SSMRV Degree College, 4th 'T' Block, Jayanagar, Bangalore 560 041, India; Department of Biotechnology, PES Institute of Technology, BSK III Stage, Bangalore 560 085, India; Department of Physics, Bhavan's Sheth R. A. College of Science, Khanpur, Ahmedabad 380 001, India; Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa; Department of Chemistry, Jnana Sahyadri, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta 577 451, India	Shalini, S., Chemistry Research Centre, SSMRV Degree College, 4th 'T' Block, Jayanagar, Bangalore 560 041, India; Girija, C.R., Chemistry Research Centre, SSMRV Degree College, 4th 'T' Block, Jayanagar, Bangalore 560 041, India; Karunakar, P., Department of Biotechnology, PES Institute of Technology, BSK III Stage, Bangalore 560 085, India; Jotani, M.M., Department of Physics, Bhavan's Sheth R. A. College of Science, Khanpur, Ahmedabad 380 001, India; Venugopala, K.N., Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa; Venkatesha, T.V., Department of Chemistry, Jnana Sahyadri, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta 577 451, India	α,α′-bis(p-Dimethylaminobenzylidene)-γ- methylcyclohexanone (BMABMC) C25H30ON2, has been synthesised and characterised by elemental analysis, 1H and 13C NMR, mass spectroscopic techniques and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The single crystal XRD studies of the title compound reveals the presence of C-H⋯O intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions linking inversion-related molecules into a dimer forming a ring of graph set R2 2(22). The antibacterial activitiy of the compound has been screened in vitro against the organisms. To evaluate the inhibition of HIV-1 integrase activity, molecular docking was performed and the study reveals a hydrophobic interaction with the catalytic core residues showing moderate inhibitory activity on HIV-1 integrase. The semi-empirical quantum chemical calculations were also performed using MOPAC2009 (PM3) for optimization of the geometry and the chemical activity of molecule. HOMO-LUMO transition implied an electron density transfer from C-N and C-C bonds at the edge of the molecule towards C-O and C-C bonds linked to central distorted cyclohexanone ring. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap of 7.778 eV reflects the chemical activity of the molecule thereby resulting charge transfer interaction.	Antimicrobial activity; Crystal structure; Cyclohexanone derivatives; Molecular docking analysis; MOPAC calculations	None	None
WoS	WOS:000312264200025	Training hospital providers in basic CPR skills in Botswana: Acquisition, retention and impact of novel training techniques	Boulet, John R.,Church, Kasey K.,Davis, Amanda,Irving, Sharon Y.,Kestler, Andrew M.,Mazhani, Loeto,Meaney, Peter A.,Nadkarni, Vinay M.,Niles, Dana E.,Shilkofski, Nicole,Steenhoff, Andrew P.,Sutton, Robert M.,Tsima, Billy	2012	RESUSCITATION	83	12	10.1016/j.resuscitation.2012.04.014	Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia, Thomas Jefferson University, University of Botswana, University of Pennsylvania, Botswana Univ Pennsylvania Partnership, Fdn Adv Int Med Educ & Res, Perdana Univ	"Church, Kasey K.: Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia","Church, Kasey K.: University of Pennsylvania","Davis, Amanda: Thomas Jefferson University","Kestler, Andrew M.: University of Botswana","Mazhani, Loeto: University of Botswana","Meaney, Peter A.: Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia","Meaney, Peter A.: University of Pennsylvania","Tsima, Billy: University of Botswana",	Objective: Globally, one third of deaths each year are from cardiovascular diseases, yet no strong evidence supports any specific method of CPR instruction in a resource-limited setting. We hypothesized that both existing and novel CPR training programs significantly impact skills of hospital-based healthcare providers (HCP) in Botswana. Methods: HCP were prospectively randomized to 3 training groups: instructor led, limited instructor with manikin feedback, or self-directed learning. Data was collected prior to training, immediately after and at 3 and 6 months. Excellent CPR was prospectively defined as having at least 4 of 5 characteristics: depth, rate, release, no flow fraction, and no excessive ventilation. GEE was performed to account for within subject correlation. Results: Of 214 HCP trained, 40% resuscitate &gt;= 1/month, 28% had previous formal CPR training, and 65% required additional skills remediation to pass using AHA criteria. Excellent CPR skill acquisition was significant (infant: 32% vs. 71%, p &lt; 0.01; adult 28% vs. 48%, p &lt; 0.01). Infant CPR skill retention was significant at 3 (39% vs. 70%, p &lt; 0.01) and 6 months (38% vs. 67%, p &lt; 0.01), and adult CPR skills were retained to 3 months (34% vs. 51%, p = 0.02). On multivariable analysis, low cognitive score and need for skill remediation, but not instruction method, impacted CPR skill performance. Conclusions: HCP in resource-limited settings resuscitate frequently, with little CPR training. Using existing training, HCP acquire and retain skills, yet often require remediation. Novel techniques with increased student: instructor ratio and feedback manikins were not different compared to traditional instruction. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.	"BASIC LIFE SUPPORT","CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION","CHEST COMPRESSION",COMPETENCE,CPR,"DEVELOPING COUNTRIES","emergency training",manikin,"resource-limited setting","RESUSCITATION EDUCATION","BLS SKILLS",CARDIOPULMONARY-RESUSCITATION,DEVELOPING-COUNTRIE	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953163559	Quantitative evaluation of third year medical students' perception and satisfaction from problem based learning in anatomy: A pilot study of the introduction of problem based learning into the traditional didactic medical curriculum in Nigeria	Saalu L.C., Abraham A.A., Aina W.O.	2010	Educational Research and Reviews	5	4	None	Department of Anatomy, Lagos State University College of Medicine (LASUCOM), Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria	Saalu, L.C., Department of Anatomy, Lagos State University College of Medicine (LASUCOM), Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria; Abraham, A.A., Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Aina, W.O., Department of Anatomy, Lagos State University College of Medicine (LASUCOM), Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria	Problem-based learning (PBL) is a method of teaching that uses hypothetical clinical cases, individual investigation and group process. In recent years, in medical education, problem-based learning (PBL) has increasingly been adopted as the preferred pedagogy in many countries around the world. Controversy, however, still exists as the potential benefits and overall outcome of PBL over traditional didactic learning (TDL). The present study compared the learning effectiveness of PBL with TDL using both experimental method (students' performance in examination) and observational method (students' responses to questionnaires). The self-administered questionnaires measured learning outcomes and acquisition of interpersonal skills on a 5-point Likert type rating scale of 1 (strongly agree) - 5 (strongly disagree). The study population comprised third year medical students of Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria. Half of the new innovative Human Anatomy curriculum was thought using PBL and the other half using TDL. The PBL method resulted in better examination scores than TDL for the same students. A majority of students felt that, the PBL sessions were better at fulfilling learning objectives, gave better factual knowledge of Anatomy, promoted better student participation in the learning process, provided more learning fun, ensured more students team work and interpersonal skills acquisition and enabled more students' reflective/critical thinking and reasoning of anatomy, as compared to traditional teaching methods. Most of the students opined that more such sessions should be organized in the future. The main disadvantage perceived was that, it was time-consuming. We conclude that, based on the examination scores and the responses of the students, PBL are more successful than TDL. © 2010 Academic Journals.	Medical students; Perception; Problem based learning; Traditional didactic learning	None	None
WoS	WOS:000305004400012	Developing and Evaluating the Social Axioms Survey in Eleven Countries: Its Relationship With the Five-Factor Model of Personality	Amponsah, Benjamin,Boehnke, Klaus,Bond, Michael Harris,Burgess, Steven Michael,Busch, Holger,Conway, Lucian Gideon, III,Dominguez Espinosa, Alejandra del Carmen,Dragolov, Georgi,Fardis, Makon,Fukuzawa, Ai,Golestaneh, Maha,Gornick, Laura Janelle,Hofer, Jan	2012	JOURNAL OF CROSS-CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY	43	5	10.1177/0022022111416361	Chinese Academy of Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Jacobs University, National Research University - Higher School of Economics, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, University of Bergen, University of Cape Town, University of Ghana, University of Haifa, University of Montana, University of Montana System, University of Tokyo, Zhejiang University, Univ Iberoamer, Univ Osnabruck	"Amponsah, Benjamin: University of Ghana","Boehnke, Klaus: Jacobs University","Bond, Michael Harris: Hong Kong Polytechnic University","Burgess, Steven Michael: University of Cape Town","Conway, Lucian Gideon, III: University of Montana","Conway, Lucian Gideon, III: University of Montana System","Dragolov, Georgi: Jacobs University","Fukuzawa, Ai: University of Tokyo","Golestaneh, Maha: University of Cape Town","Gornick, Laura Janelle: University of Montana","Gornick, Laura Janelle: University of Montana System","Ismail, Rosnah: Universiti Malaysia Sabah","Kurman, Jenny: University of Haifa","Lam, Ben C. P.: Hong Kong Polytechnic University","Lebedeva, Nadezhda: National Research University - Higher School of Economics","Leung, Kwok: City University of Hong Kong","Mendes Teixeira, Maria Luisa: Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie","Sam, David Lackland: University of Bergen","Tatarko, Alexander N.: National Research University - Higher School of Economics","Yamaguchi, Susumu: University of Tokyo","Zhang, Jianxin: Chinese Academy of Sciences","Zhou, Fan: Zhejiang University",	Based on a deductive, culturally decentered approach, new items were generated to improve the reliability of the original Social Axioms Survey, which measures individuals' general beliefs about the world. In Study 1, results from 11 countries support the original five-factor structure and achieve higher reliability for the axiom dimensions as measured by the new scale. Moreover, moderate but meaningful associations between axiom and Big-Five personality dimensions were found. Temporal change of social axioms at the culture level was examined and found to be moderate. In Study 2, additional new items were generated for social complexity and fate control, then assessed in Hong Kong and the United States. Reliability was further improved for both dimensions. Additionally, two subfactors of fate control were identified: fate determinism and fate alterability. Fate determinism, but not fate alterability, related positively to neuroticism. Other relationships between axiom and personality dimensions were similar to those reported in Study 1. The short forms of the axiom dimensions were generally reliable and correlated highly with the long forms. This research thus provides a stronger foundation for applying the construct of social axioms around the world.	ATTITUDES,BELIEFS,PERSONALITY,"SOCIAL COGNITION",VALUES,ADJUSTMENT,BELIEFS,FIT,ILLUSTRATION,PERSPECTIVE,TESTS,TRANSMISSION,UNIVERSAL,VALUES	None	None
WoS	WOS:000209108100013	Assessing the impact of TB/HIV services integration on TB treatment outcomes and their relevance in TB/HIV monitoring in Ghana	Ansa, Gloria Akosua,Siddiqi, Kamran,Walley, John D.,Wei, Xiaolin	2012	INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF POVERTY	1	None	10.1186/2049-9957-1-13	Chinese University of Hong Kong, University of Ghana, University of Leeds, University of York - UK	"Ansa, Gloria Akosua: University of Ghana","Siddiqi, Kamran: University of York - UK","Walley, John D.: University of Leeds","Wei, Xiaolin: Chinese University of Hong Kong"	Background: The impact of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on tuberculosis (TB), and the implications for TB and HIV control, is a public health challenge in Ghana - almost a quarter (23%) of all TB cases were HIV positive in 2010. The integration of TB/HIV services has therefore emerged as an essential component of the national response to TB and HIV. The aim is to reduce fragmentation, improve access, enhance efficiency and improve quality of care. Ghana's TB/HIV policy comprises three linked sets of activities: effective implementation of the Stop TB Strategy for TB control, improved HIV prevention and care, and the implementation of additional TB/HIV activities. Different models of service delivery with increasing integration of TB/HIV activities are expected to provide greater access to more comprehensive care. The objective of this paper is to assess the impact of TB/HIV integration on TB treatment outcomes and to explore the usefulness of TB treatment outcomes as TB/HIV indicators. Methods: A before-and-after study to observe the introduction of TB/HIV activities into TB programmes in three hospitals with different levels of integration was conducted. Anonymised patient data was collated from TB registers from each facility, and analysed to determine if TB treatment outcomes changed significantly after integration. Results: TB treatment success was 50% (95% CI 49 - 52) prior to, and 69% (95% CI 65 - 73) after, integration (chi(2) 43.96, p &lt; 0.00). Treatment success increased from 43% to 53% at the one-stop shop (OSS), from 69% to 78% at the partially integrated site (PIS) and substantially from 46% to 78% at the referral site (RS) (chi(2) 64.54; p&lt;0.01). Defaults and cases transferred out reduced from 14.3% and 15.3% prior to integration, to 1.4% and 9.0% after integration, respectively, accounting for a significant increase in treatment success. Death rates remained high at 18% in all cases studied and 25% in HIV-associated cases after integration. Conclusion: TB/HIV integration may improve TB treatment success, but its exact impact is difficult to ascertain due to non-specificity and design limitations. TB mortality may be more useful as an indicator for monitoring TB/HIV activities in Ghana.	HIV,indicator,INTEGRATION,"one-stop shop","partial integration",REFERRAL,"TREATMENT OUTCOME",TUBERCULOSIS	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80455127170	Executive directors' contracts: Poor performance rewarded	Dandira M.	2011	Business Strategy Series	12	3	10.1108/17515631111130121	Chinhoyi University of Technology, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe	Dandira, M., Chinhoyi University of Technology, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe	Purpose To help companies find ways of reducing costs when an executive director leaves an organisation because of poor performance or at the end of a contract. Design/methodology/approach The author has conducted research in organizations that have executives on contracts for three to five years, identifies how executive directors are heavily rewarded when their contract ends voluntarily or involuntarily. Researches in organisations have shown that if you sign a contract as an executive director there is no incentive for excellent performance because most contracts of executives are designed in such a way that poor performance can be rewarded indirectly. Findings Very few executives in Zimbabwe work through their contracts up to the end especially in parastatals due to what is perceived as poor performance but they are always met with a "golden handshake" as they call it though they have not contributed much except the demise of the organisation. Practical implications Ways are provided for organisations to follow and try to mitigate the costs of paying executives when they leave organisations unceremoniously or when their contracts end without renewal. Originality/value This paper gives practical advice from situations in organizations and helps organisations to take into account the costs implications involved when an executive director leaves the organisation before the end of contract or poor performance. © 2011 Emerald Group Publishing Limited. All rights reserved.	Balanced scorecards; Glass ceilings; Severance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79957520713	The impact of executive directors' service contracts on strategic plan	Dandira M.	2011	Business Strategy Series	12	1	10.1108/17515631111106830	Chinhoyi University of Technology, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe	Dandira, M., Chinhoyi University of Technology, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe	Purpose The purpose of this paper is to help boards of directors to find ways of establishing continuity in the strategic plan when strategists are employed on contract leave before the end of the strategic plan period. Design/methodology/approach The author has conducted research in organisations that have executives on contracts of three to five years, and identifies how strategic plans are negatively affected when executives on contract especially top management leave organisations when their contracts ends. Research in organisations has shown that strategic plans usually have longer periods than the contract of the strategist, and contract renewal is sometimes not obvious. Findings The length of the strategist's contract and the length of the strategic plan have not been taken into account when crafting strategic plans in organisations and appointing executive directors. This scenario has caused a lot of strategy failures. Practical implications Ways are provided for boards of directors and organisations to foster a culture of continuity of the strategic plan even when executives leave the organisation unceremoniously or when their contracts end and are not renewed. Originality/value This paper gives practical advice from situations in organisations and helps boards of directors to take into account the duration of strategic plans when employing executives. © 2011 Emerald Group Publishing Limited. All rights reserved.	Contract workers; Corporate strategy; Mission achievement; Strategic planning	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84952326333	Non-uniformity of storm impacts on three high-energy embayed beaches	Loureiro C., Ferreira O., Cooper J.A.G.	2014	Journal of Coastal Research	70	None	10.2112/SI70-055.1	CIMA - Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, Universidade Do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Centre for Coastal and Marine Research, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom; Geological Sciences, School of Agriculture, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, South Africa	Loureiro, C., CIMA - Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, Universidade Do Algarve, Faro, Portugal, Centre for Coastal and Marine Research, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom, Geological Sciences, School of Agriculture, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, South Africa; Ferreira, O., CIMA - Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, Universidade Do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Cooper, J.A.G., Centre for Coastal and Marine Research, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom, Geological Sciences, School of Agriculture, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, South Africa	Coastal storms are highly significant and destructive events and important natural hazards that have major impacts upon the physical and human-cultural coastline environments. Exceptional coastal storms in the last decades have emphasized the urgent need to reinforce scientific knowledge regarding the frequency, impact and role of these extreme events. This is particularly relevant for embayed beaches, where geomorphological control promotes characteristic morphodynamic responses that are distinct from the better studied long-linear beaches. This paper analyses storm response from datasets of morphological change obtained from three embayments located in three distinct wave environments. Analysis of the morphological response to extreme storm events, particularly the 2007 March Equinox storm in eastern South Africa, the January-February 2009 storm group in southwestern Portugal and the December 2011-January 2012 storm group in northwestern Ireland, demonstrate that storm-induced morphological change in the Durban Bight, Arrifana beach and Portstewart Strand is highly variable alongshore. Retreat values for the mean high water spring shoreline are shown to differ significantly within each embayment. This alongshore non-uniform response to storm-events is attributed to boundary effects triggered by the presence of natural headlands or outcrops and/or artificial engineering structures. Megarip development drives variability in storm response in Arrifana, while wave shadowing and interruption of longshore sediment movement under south-easterly/west-northwesterly storm waves promotes the northward/westward increase in shoreline retreat in the Durban Bight and Portstewart Strand, respectively. Boundary effects significantly influence short-term morphodynamic behaviour during storms and, consequently, determine alongshore non-uniform morphologic response to storm events, irrespective of embayment dimensions and event magnitude. © Coastal Education & Research Foundation 2014.	alongshore variability; beach surveys; erosion; geological control	None	None
WoS	WOS:000282120600024	Educational impact of a hospital-based neonatal resuscitation program in Ghana	Barker, Pierre,Bookman, Laurel,Engmann, Cyril,Enweronu-Laryea, Christabel,Owen, Medge,Price, Wayne,Randolph, Greg,Srofenyoh, Emmanuel	2010	RESUSCITATION	81	9	10.1016/j.resuscitation.2010.04.034	Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of North Carolina, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Wake Forest University, Korle Bu Teaching Hosp, Ridge Reg Hosp	"Barker, Pierre: University of North Carolina","Barker, Pierre: University of North Carolina Chapel Hill","Bookman, Laurel: Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center","Engmann, Cyril: University of North Carolina","Engmann, Cyril: University of North Carolina Chapel Hill","Owen, Medge: Wake Forest University","Price, Wayne: University of North Carolina","Price, Wayne: University of North Carolina Chapel Hill","Randolph, Greg: University of North Carolina","Randolph, Greg: University of North Carolina Chapel Hill",	Aim of the study: To assess midwives' baseline cognitive knowledge of evidence-based neonatal resuscitation practices, and short- and long-term educational effects of teaching a neonatal resuscitation program in a hospital setting in West Africa. Methods: All midwives (n = 14) on the labor ward at Ridge Hospital in Ghana were trained using materials modified from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP). This training program included didactic and practical teaching and was assessed by direct observation within delivery rooms and written pre- and post-test evaluations. Written and practical modules 9-12 months after the initial training session were also conducted to assess retention of NRP knowledge and skills. Results: Fourteen midwives received NRP training on the labor ward. Both written and practical evaluation of neonatal resuscitation skills increased after training. The percentage of items answered correctly on the written examination increased from 56% pre-training to 71% post-training (p &lt;0.01). The percentage of items performed correctly on the practical evaluation of skills increased from 58% pre-training to 81% (p &lt;0.01). These results were sustained 9-12 months after the initial training session. Conclusion: After receiving NRP training, neonatal resuscitation knowledge and skills increased among midwives in a hospital in West Africa and were sustained over a 9-month period. This finding demonstrates the sustained effectiveness of a modified neonatal resuscitation training program in a resource constrained setting. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.	GHANA,"Hospital-based educational program","international outreach","neonatal resuscitation program",COURSES,MORTALITY,"PEDIATRIC RESIDENTS","PERINATAL ASPHYXIA"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903174071	Early impact of oil palm planting density on vegetative and oil yield variables in West Africa	Bonneau X., Vandessel P., Buabeng M., Erhahuyi C.	2014	OCL - Oilseeds and fats	21	4	10.1051/ocl/2014009	CIRAD, TA B-34, 02 Avenue Agropolis, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France; SIAT, Presco-plc, km 22 Benin-Sapele road, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria	Bonneau, X., CIRAD, TA B-34, 02 Avenue Agropolis, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France; Vandessel, P., SIAT, Presco-plc, km 22 Benin-Sapele road, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria; Buabeng, M., SIAT, Presco-plc, km 22 Benin-Sapele road, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria; Erhahuyi, C., SIAT, Presco-plc, km 22 Benin-Sapele road, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria	A range of various different planting distances (from 7.5 to 9.5 m) between oil palms were tested using an equilateral triangle design in a plantation density experiment which was settled in an oil palm commercial plantation in Nigeria. Climatic conditions were quite stable, with two seasons and around 2000 mm of annual rainfall. The soil was of desaturated ferralitic type, sandy on the surface, deep and without coarse elements. The early impact of plantation density was analysed at eight years after planting. Some early signs of depressive effect on yields were found for high planting densities (180 and 205 p/ha). Such a negative impact was not severe enough to counteract the effects of a higher number of palms per hectare. As a consequence, a gradient could be observed as yields (in tons of bunches per hectare) increased with density. We can anticipate that the competition effect between palms will increase over time with high densities, so that the counteracting point ought to be reached in a few years. A thinning treatment has been included in the protocol. Thinning was carried out at the end of the eight-year period. © 2014 published by EDP Sciences.	Oil palm; Planting density; Spacing; Thinning; Yield	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79959751367	Irrigation in West-African Sahel. Diversity of practices and levels of performance [L'agriculture irriguée dans le Sahel ouest-africain :Diversité des pratiques et des performances]	Barbier B., Ouedraogo H., Dembélé Y., Yacouba H., Barry B., Jamin J.-Y.	2011	Cahiers Agricultures	20	42371	10.1684/agr.2011.0475	Cirad, UMR G-Eau, 01 BP 596 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso; Cirad, UMR G-Eau, 73, rue Jean-François Breton TA C-90/15, 34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France; GVEA, 01 BP 594 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso; Arid s/c 2iE, 01 BP 594 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso; Inera, 04 BP 8645 Ouagadougou 04, Burkina Faso; IWMI, PMB CT 112, Cantonments, Accra, Ghana	Barbier, B., Cirad, UMR G-Eau, 01 BP 596 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso, Cirad, UMR G-Eau, 73, rue Jean-François Breton TA C-90/15, 34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France, GVEA, 01 BP 594 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso; Ouedraogo, H., Arid s/c 2iE, 01 BP 594 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso; Dembélé, Y., Inera, 04 BP 8645 Ouagadougou 04, Burkina Faso; Yacouba, H., GVEA, 01 BP 594 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso; Barry, B., IWMI, PMB CT 112, Cantonments, Accra, Ghana; Jamin, J.-Y., Cirad, UMR G-Eau, 73, rue Jean-François Breton TA C-90/15, 34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France	Irrigation in SahelianWest African countries covers a wide variety of systems and practices. In this paper, we discuss various technical and managerial options including free or controlled submersion, improved inland valleys, flood recession cropping, and full control in small and large irrigation schemes through a classification developed by national experts in five Sahelian countries. Governments are currently promoting two strategies. One is based on large schemes, with foreign or national private investment. The other is based on small private irrigation approches.Water constraints are not very strongly taken into account, as the priority is to develop new schemes in order to reach food security for fast growing cities.	Irrigation methods; Sahel; Water management	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-44049097413	Ergonomic evaluation and energy requirements of bread-baking operations in south western Nigeria	Jekayinfa S.O.	2008	Nutrition and Food Science	38	3	10.1108/00346650810871920	Department of Agricultural Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria	Jekayinfa, S.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria	Purpose - In Nigeria, local fabricators of agro-processing equipment have designed and manufactured various improvised versions of imported bread-baking machines without due ergonomic considerations. Also, most of the processes of bread baking in Nigeria largely involve manual materials handling, which continues to represent a major loss source in the work place. The manual operations besides being uncomfortable are characterized by low output and unhygienic products. A study was therefore conducted in three southwestern states of Nigeria with the purpose of evaluating the energy requirements and man-machine relationships in bread-baking operations. Design/methodology/approach - The study, which lasted over one year, involved the use of three fuel sources namely, firewood, electricity and cooking gas during bread baking operations. Questionnaire and physical measurements were employed for data collection from 50 bakeries randomly selected within the study area. The data points include the environmental and body temperatures, anthropometrical data, bio data, injury data, metabolic and production measurements. Findings - The results of the study revealed that bread-baking with wood as energy source required the highest energy (6.15 kJ/min) compared with 3.37 kJ/min and 1.52 kJ/min obtained with gas and electricity as sources of energy, respectively. The cost of energy per kg of baked bread was 7.58 with cooking gas followed by 6.05 for electricity and 5.05 for wood in that order. The average baking rate (BR) using firewood, gas and electricity as energy sources were, respectively, 11.92, 17.97 and 20.58 kg/h. Analysis of metabolic data showed moderate (not to a lethal level) increase in the subjects' body temperatures, blood pressures and heart rates after bread-baking operations. Originality/value - The study suggests that bread-baking operations could be categorized as a light grade work and that the use of electricity as energy source is the most appropriate in terms of bread-BR and unit energy requirement.	Bakery products; Energy sources; Ergonomics; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84921469715	Urban transport safety assessment in Akure based on corresponding performance indicators	Oye A., Aderinlewo O., Croope S.	2013	Central European Journal of Engineering	3	1	10.2478/s13531-012-0043-z	Civil Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Delaware Department of Transportation, Delaware, United States	Oye, A., Civil Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Aderinlewo, O., Civil Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Croope, S., Delaware Department of Transportation, Delaware, United States	The level of safety of the transportation system in Akure, Nigeria was assessed by identifying the associated road safety problems and developing the corresponding safety performance indicators. These indicators were analysed with respect to accidents that occurred within the city from the year 2005 to 2009 based on the corresponding attributable risk measures. The results of the analysis showed the state of existing safety programs in Akure town. Six safety performance indicators were identified namely alcohol and drug use, excessive speeds, protection system (use of seat belts and helmets), use of day time running lights, state of vehicles (passive safety) and road condition. These indicators were used to determine the percentage of injury accidents as follows: 83.33% and 86.36% for years 2005 and 2006 respectively, 81.46% for year 2007 while years 2008 and 2009 had 82.86% and 78.12% injury accidents respectively. © Versita sp. z o.o.	Attributable risk; Injury accidents; Protection system; Safety performance indicators; Vulnerability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-69149088963	Evaluation of causes of retaining wall failure	Abdullahi M.M.	2009	Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies	7	14	None	Civil Engineering, F.U.T., P.M.B. 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria	Abdullahi, M.M., Civil Engineering, F.U.T., P.M.B. 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria	Retaining structures are vital geotechnical structure, because the topography of the earth surface is a combination of plain, sloppy and undulating terrain. The retaining wall resists thrust of a bank of earth as well as providing soil stability of a change of ground elevation. Earth pressures on retaining wall are designed from theories of Soil Mechanics, but unfortunately the engineers using them do not always realize the significance of the assumption in their development. This is usually accompanied by with failure and partial failures because of designed based on rules and formulae that fit only limited conditions. In addition there are also problems of using bad backfill materials without taking precautionary measures against built-up of hydrostatic pressure by provision of drainage and also poor workmanship.	Backfill; Earth pressure; Hydrostatic pressure; Retaining wall	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84865818749	Vulnerability, impacts, and adaptation to sea level rise taking an ecosystem-based approach	Alverson K.	2012	Oceanography	25	3	10.5670/oceanog.2012.101	Climate Change Adaptation and Terrestrial Ecosystems Branch, Climate Adaptation Unit, United Nations Environment Programme Division of Environmental Policy Implementation, Nairobi, Kenya	Alverson, K., Climate Change Adaptation and Terrestrial Ecosystems Branch, Climate Adaptation Unit, United Nations Environment Programme Division of Environmental Policy Implementation, Nairobi, Kenya	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79951786726	Women war survivors of the 1989-2003 conflict in Liberia: The impact of sexual and gender-based violence	Liebling-Kalifani H., Mwaka V., Ojiambo-Ochieng R., Were-Oguttu J., Kinyanda E., Kwekwe D., Howard L., Danuweli C.	2011	Journal of International Women's Studies	12	1	None	Clinical Psychology, Coventry University, Makerere University, Uganda; Makerere University, Uganda; Isis-Women's International Cross Cultural Exchange, Kampala, Uganda; Information and Documentation at Isis-WICCE, Uganda; MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Uganda; Ministry of Gender and Development, Cottingham University, Liberia; University of York, United Kingdom; University of Liberia, Liberia	Liebling-Kalifani, H., Clinical Psychology, Coventry University, Makerere University, Uganda; Mwaka, V., Makerere University, Uganda; Ojiambo-Ochieng, R., Isis-Women's International Cross Cultural Exchange, Kampala, Uganda; Were-Oguttu, J., Information and Documentation at Isis-WICCE, Uganda; Kinyanda, E., MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Uganda; Kwekwe, D., Ministry of Gender and Development, Cottingham University, Liberia; Howard, L., University of York, United Kingdom; Danuweli, C., University of Liberia, Liberia	This article presents a summary of the qualitative data from research carried out in post-conflict Liberia by Isis-WICCE, a women's international non-government organisation, in conjunction with the Ministry of Gender and Development of Liberia and Women in Peace-building Network, WIPNET. Analysis of research findings detail women's experiences of conflict and the serious effects of sexual violence and torture on their physical and psychological health. The paper also describes the omission of women from justice and rehabilitation processes. In support of women participants' views, the authors' recommend that funding is urgently required for the provision of holistic and sustainable, gender- sensitive services. Additional recommendations are made with respect to health, justice and policy changes in line with enhancing women survivor's roles and utilising their skills and resilience.	Gender-based violence; Liberia; Sexual; War; Women	None	None
None	None	First-generation undergraduate students and the impacts of the first year of college: Additional evidence	Padgett R.D., Johnson M.P., Pascarella E.T.	2012	Journal of College Student Development	53	2	None	Co-Curricular Assessment and Research, Northern Kentucky University, Division of Student Affairs, UC330-A Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, KY 41076, United States; United States Agency for International Development(USAID), Tanzania; Mary Louise Petersen Chair in Higher Education, The University of Iowa, United States	Padgett, R.D., Co-Curricular Assessment and Research, Northern Kentucky University, Division of Student Affairs, UC330-A Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, KY 41076, United States; Johnson, M.P., United States Agency for International Development(USAID), Tanzania; Pascarella, E.T., Mary Louise Petersen Chair in Higher Education, The University of Iowa, United States	Using longitudinal data from the Wabash National Study of Liberal Arts Education, our findings suggest that first-generation students are at a significant disadvantage across cognitive and psychosocial outcomes compared to students whose parents have at least some postsecondary education. Furthermore, we tested for the conditional effects of good practices on firstyear outcomes and found that effects of good practices on both cognitive and psychosocial outcomes differed in magnitude, and sometimes in direction, for first-generation versus non-firstgeneration students.	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000283087500005	Approaches to the Evaluation and Assessment of Students in Clothing Practical Work in Colleges of Agriculture in Northern Nigeria	Usman, V. A.	2010	JOURNAL OF HOME ECONOMICS RESEARCH	12	None	None	Coll Agr	None	This study was carried out in Northern Nigeria to determine the general clothing construction skills and processes to be evaluated and evaluation procedures and techniques used by teachers of clothing. Six out of thirteen Colleges of Agriculture were randomly selected for the study. The entire 52 clothing teachers in the department of Home and Rural Economics were involved in the study. This consists of 32 lecturers and 18 instructors. Structured questionnaire was used for the data collection. Data were analyzed using mean scores and t-test at 0.05 level of significance. The major findings include 13 clothing construction skills and processes always evaluated and 11 evaluation procedures and techniques always used by the teachers of clothing in Colleges of Agriculture in Northern Nigeria. Based on these findings, recommendations were made.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77956325523	The role and impact of Non-Academics Staff Union (NASU) in two Nigerian universities	Adeniji M.A., Adekunjo O.A.	2010	Library Philosophy and Practice	2010	MAR	None	College Librarian, College of Engineering and Technology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria; Dept of Library and Information Science, Ambrose Alii University, Ekpoma, Nigeria	Adeniji, M.A., College Librarian, College of Engineering and Technology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria; Adekunjo, O.A., Dept of Library and Information Science, Ambrose Alii University, Ekpoma, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955035060	Reproductive performances and survival of Washera sheep under traditional management systems at yilmanadensa and Quarit districts of the Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia	Taye M., Abebe G., Lemma S., Gizaw S., Mekoya A., Tibbo M.	2011	Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances	10	9	10.3923/javaa.2011.1158.1165	College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 830, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Awassa, Ethiopia; Debreberhan Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 112, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia; International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), P.O. Box 5466, Hadya Aleppo, Syria, Ethiopia	Taye, M., College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 830, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Awassa, Ethiopia; Abebe, G., Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Awassa, Ethiopia; Lemma, S., Debreberhan Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 112, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia; Gizaw, S., Debreberhan Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 112, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia; Mekoya, A., Debreberhan Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 112, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia; Tibbo, M., International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), P.O. Box 5466, Hadya Aleppo, Syria, Ethiopia	On-farm data were collected to evaluate reproductive performance and survival of Washera sheep raised under traditional smallholder production systems in the North-Western highlands of the Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia. The data were from flocks of 110 households from October, 2004 to September, 2007. Mean age and weight at first lambing were 464.2±14.0 days and 24.7±0.5 kg, respectively. None of the fixed effects considered affected age at first lambing although, weight at first lambing was affected (p<0.05) by district and parity. Ewes from primiparous ewes and from Quarit district had heavier weight at their first lambing. Lambing interval (269±6.2 days) was affected by district, lambing season, parity and birth type. The average number of lambs per ewe lambing was 1.19±0.02 and varied (p<0.0001) with lambing year and postpartum ewe body weight. Mean postpartum ewe body weight was 31.0±0.2 kg and influenced (p<0.01) by district, year, season, parity and type of birth. Cumulative survival from birth to 30, 90, 180, 270 and 365 days was 98.4±0.6, 93.6±0.9, 91.2±1.1, 90.0±l .2 and 89.9±1.2 days, respectively. Except at the age of 30 days, district, season, birth type and birth weight affected (p<0.05) survival. No interactions between any fixed effects were significant and thus were removed from the model. Postpartum ewe body weight as a covariate did not affect litter size. The higher survival rate indicates that the area is of low disease load and the farmers practice to decrease lamb mortality need to be encouraged and improved. The influence of different fixed effects on reproductive performances indicated that through different management and breeding practices it is possible to increase the productivity of these breed of sheep. © Medwell Journals, 2011.	Ethiopia; Postpartum; Reproduction; Smallholder production; Survival; Washera breed	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904134437	Effect of xylanase on performance, serum IGF-1 and glucose of broilers fed wheat corn soybean diet	Abdullahi A.Y., Zuo J.J., Tan H.Z., Xia W.G., Wei S., Liu J.H., Ai Q., Zhao S.Y., Xia M.H., Liu Y.H., Xia C.D., Wu F., Yu J.P., Feng D.Y.	2013	Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances	12	17	10.3923/javaa.2013.1409.1414	College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Department of Animal Science, Kano University of Science and Technology Wudil, Kano, Nigeria; Production Technology Department of WENs Group, Yunfu, China	Abdullahi, A.Y., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China, Department of Animal Science, Kano University of Science and Technology Wudil, Kano, Nigeria; Zuo, J.J., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Tan, H.Z., Production Technology Department of WENs Group, Yunfu, China; Xia, W.G., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Wei, S., Production Technology Department of WENs Group, Yunfu, China; Liu, J.H., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Ai, Q., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Zhao, S.Y., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Xia, M.H., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Liu, Y.H., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Xia, C.D., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Wu, F., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Yu, J.P., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China; Feng, D.Y., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510542 Guangzhou, China	Six hundred and forty, 1 day old Yellow feather broiler chicks were fed wheat-corn soybean diet plus xylanase ENOLZYME™ 100 g ton-1 (enzyme activity = 1256.244 U mL-1) to study additive effect of the enzyme on serum glucose and IGF-1 concentration relative to performance. The birds were randomly divided into 2 treatment groups with 64 birds/pen in 5 replicates. For the periods of 63 days body weight, feed efficiency and daily feed intake were not differed at 21 and 42 days. However, they were all differ significantly at 63 days (p&lt;0.05); particularly feed efficiency from 1-63 days was highly significant (p&lt;0.01). Carcass characteristics were not differed in all three stages but at finishing stage breast and thigh muscles, heart, gizzard and abdominal fat weights were numerically increased. Mortality rate was &lt;0.02%. Serum glucose concentration levels at three feeding phases were not differed among groups. However, serum IGF-1 differ significantly at starter phase (21 days) (p&lt;0.05). Correlation between treatments and feeding periods existed at growing (42 days) and finishing (63 days) stages (p&lt;0.05). The present findings on supplementation of xylanase to corn wheat soy bean broiler diet hasincreased market weight cost value by 1.33% at finishing stage (43-63 days). The serum glucose and IGF-1 concentration have correlated positively on treatments offered, feeding periods and performance. Further research is needed on IGF-1 and GH (Growth Hormone) at molecular level to understand their influence in broiler's growth and development. © Medwell Journals, 2013.	Glucose; Growth hormone; Performance; Serum IGF-1; Xylanase	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84877351763	Effects of creatine monohydrate on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of yellow-feathered broilers	Xia W.G., Abdullahi A.Y., Zuo J.J., Chen L., Feng D.Y.	2012	Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances	11	23	10.3923/javaa.2012.4382.4388	College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China; Department of Animal Science, Kano University of Science and Technology Wudil, P.M.B. 3244, Kano, Nigeria	Xia, W.G., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China; Abdullahi, A.Y., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China, Department of Animal Science, Kano University of Science and Technology Wudil, P.M.B. 3244, Kano, Nigeria; Zuo, J.J., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China; Chen, L., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China; Feng, D.Y., College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China	Nine hundred, 42 days old male yellow-feathered broilers were used to evaluate the effects of Creatine Monohydrate (CMH) on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality. The birds received either a no-CMH diet (0 mg kg"1) a low (250 mg kg"1), a moderate (500 mg kg"1) or a high-CMH diet (1000 mg kg"1) for 21 days. CMH supplementation did not affect the average daily weight gain, average daily feed intake or feed efficiency. Additionally no significant differences were discovered in the dressing, eviscerated, breast muscle or thigh muscle percentage. However, there was a decreasing trend in the pH values of the pectoralis major at 24 h postmortem and of the thigh muscle at 45 mm postmortem as the level of CMH supplementation increased. No significant difference was observed in cooking loss, shear force value, moisture or crude protein percentages. However, supplementing with CMH increased the slow-twitch red and the fast-twitch white fiber ratio in the gastrocnemius muscles. The results suggested that CMH supplementation has no effect on growth performance or carcass characteristics but it potentially triggered a transition from fast-twitch red muscle fibers to slow-twitch red and fast-twitch white muscle fibers. © Medwell Journals, 2012.	Broiler; Carcass characteristics; Creatine; Growth performance; Meat quality	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940562306	Institutional forces and divestment performance of South African conglomerates: Case study evidence	King D., Coldwell D., Joosub T., McClelland D.	2015	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	18	3	10.17159/2222-3436/2015/v18n3a4	College of Business, Iowa State University, South Africa; School of Economic and Management Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa; School of Accountancy, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa; School of Economic and Management Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	King, D., College of Business, Iowa State University, South Africa; Coldwell, D., School of Economic and Management Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa; Joosub, T., School of Accountancy, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa; McClelland, D., School of Economic and Management Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	The history of South Africa serves as a natural experiment in how a changing institutional environment impacts corporate structure. Based on institutional theory, we anticipate higher performance through emulating successful strategies or through restructuring consistent with mimetic isomorphism. Conversely, coercive isomorphism results from restructuring driven by regulation, and we anticipate that they are associated with lower performance. To examine these relationships, we consider divestment by South African firms over two periods, using mixed methods. We find tentative support for our predictions, and we outline implications for policymakers, as well as for management research and practice. © 2015 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved.	Case studies; Coercive and mimetic isomorphism; Divestment; Event analysis; Institutional theory	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80052841471	The moderating effect of culture on small firm performance: Empirical evidence	Minai M.S., Olusegun A.I., Lucky E.O.-I.	2011	European Journal of Social Sciences	23	3	None	College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia; Lagos State Polytechnics, Lagos, Nigeria	Minai, M.S., College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia; Olusegun, A.I., Lagos State Polytechnics, Lagos, Nigeria; Lucky, E.O.-I., College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia	Abundant studies on the influential entrepreneurial factors that affect small firm performance exist. However, the inconsistent results on the relationship between entrepreneurial factors and small firm performance has led the authors to propose a contingency model in which the effects of individual determinants, external factors and firm characteristics on firm performance are moderated by culture. A cross-sectional study of questionnaire survey research design was conducted and data was generated from 182 entrepreneurs or owner-managers of small firms in both manufacturing and service industries. The questionnaires were distributed through drop-off and pick procedure of data collection. The findings indicate that neither culture nor its cultural dimension or components are significant in moderating the relationship between relationship between individual determinates, external factors and firm characteristics, and firm performance.	Culture; Entrepreneurship determinants; Entrepreneurship development	None	None
WoS	WOS:000319869000003	The Ghana essential health interventions program: a plausibility trial of the impact of health systems strengthening on maternal & child survival	Asuru, Rofina,Awoonor-Williams, John Koku,Bawah, Ayaga A.,Nyonator, Frank K.,Oduro, Abraham,Ofosu, Anthony,Phillips, James F.	2013	BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH	13	None	10.1186/1472-6963-13-S2-S3	Columbia University, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo Health Research Center, Minist Hlth Minist	"Asuru, Rofina: Ghana Health Service","Awoonor-Williams, John Koku: Ghana Health Service","Bawah, Ayaga A.: Columbia University","Oduro, Abraham: Ghana Health Service","Oduro, Abraham: Navrongo Health Research Center","Ofosu, Anthony: Ghana Health Service","Phillips, James F.: Columbia University",	Background: During the 1990s, researchers at the Navrongo Health Research Centre in northern Ghana developed a highly successful community health program. The keystone of the Navrongo approach was the deployment of nurses termed community health officers to village locations. A trial showed that, compared to areas relying on existing services alone, the approach reduced child mortality by half, maternal mortality by 40%, and fertility by nearly a birth - from a total fertility rate of 5.5 in only five years. In 2000, the government of Ghana launched a national program called Community-based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) to scale up the Navrongo model. However, CHPS scale-up has been slow in districts located outside of the Upper East Region, where the "Navrongo Experiment" was first carried out. This paper describes the Ghana Essential Health Intervention Project (GEHIP), a plausibility trial of strategies for strengthening CHPS, especially in the areas of maternal and newborn health, and generating the political will to scale up the program with strategies that are faithful to the original design. Description of the intervention: GEHIP improves the CHPS model by 1) extending the range and quality of services for newborns; 2) training community volunteers to conduct the World Health Organization service regimen known as integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI); 3) simplifying the collection of health management information and ensuring its use for decision making; 4) enabling community health nurses to manage emergencies, particularly obstetric complications and refer cases without delay; 5) adding $0.85 per capita annually to district budgets and marshalling grassroots political commitment to financing CHPS implementation; and 6) strengthening CHPS leadership at all levels of the system. Evaluation design: GEHIP impact is assessed by conducting baseline and endline survey research and computing the Heckman "difference in difference" test for under-5 mortality in three intervention districts relative to four comparison districts for core indicators of health status and survival rates. To elucidate results, hierarchical child survival hazard models will be estimated that incorporate measures of health system strength as survival determinants, adjusting for the potentially confounding effects of parental and household characteristics. Qualitative systems appraisal procedures will be used to monitor and explain GEHIP implementation innovations, constraints, and progress. Discussion: By demonstrating practical means of strengthening a real-world health system while monitoring costs and assessing maternal and child survival impact, GEHIP is expected to contribute to national health policy, planning, and resource allocation that will be needed to accelerate progress with the Millennium Development Goals.	,INNOVATION	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84949032280	Evaluation of replacing maize with mango (Mangifera indica) kernel on fertility and hatchability parameters of layer hens	Beyene G., Niguse M., Gebreslasie L., Berhe A.	2015	Livestock Research for Rural Development	27	12	None	College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Animal, Rangeland and Wildlife Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O.Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia	Beyene, G., College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Animal, Rangeland and Wildlife Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O.Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Niguse, M., College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Animal, Rangeland and Wildlife Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O.Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Gebreslasie, L., College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Animal, Rangeland and Wildlife Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O.Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Berhe, A., College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Animal, Rangeland and Wildlife Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O.Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia	The study was conducted to evaluate replacing maize with mango kernel on fertility, hatchability, embryonic mortality and chick quality of layer hens. One hundred twenty chickens with similar body weight and age were used for the experiment. The chickens were randomly distributed to 15 pens each with 8 hens and 1 cock to the five treatments diets in completely randomized design (CRD). The chickens were kept in a deep litter housing system. The treatment rations were formulated to replace maize grain by mango kernel with 0% (MK0), 25% (MK25), 50% (MK50), 75% (MK75) and 100% (MK100). Chickens were offered a weighed amount of feed and feed leftovers were collected and weighed the next morning. The experiment lasted for 90 days during which fertility, hatchability, embryonic mortality and chick quality were measured. Fertility, hatchability, embryonic mortality, chick length, chick weight and chick visual score were not statistically different among the treatments. Therefore, we concluded that maize can be replaced by mango kernel up to 100% (at a rate of 390g/kg concentrate diet), since this level of replacement has not negatively affected fertility, hatchability, embryonic mortality and chick quality parameters. © 2015, Fundacion CIPAV. All rights reserved.	Byproduct; Feed; Layer diet; Poultry	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84922091077	Spatial analysis of groundwater potential using remote sensing and GIS-based multi-criteria evaluation in Raya Valley, northern Ethiopia [Analyse spatiale du potentiel d’eau souterraine à l’aide d’images satellites et d’évaluation multicritères à partir d	Fenta A.A., Kifle A., Gebreyohannes T., Hailu G.	2014	Hydrogeology Journal	23	1	10.1007/s10040-014-1198-x	College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Dept. of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Institute of Geo-information and Earth Observation Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Dept. of Earth Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia	Fenta, A.A., College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Dept. of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Kifle, A., Institute of Geo-information and Earth Observation Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Gebreyohannes, T., College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Dept. of Earth Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; Hailu, G., Institute of Geo-information and Earth Observation Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia	Sustainable development and management of groundwater resources require application of scientific principles and modern techniques. An integrated approach is implemented using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS)-based multi-criteria evaluation to identify promising areas for groundwater exploration in Raya Valley, northern Ethiopia. The thematic layers considered are lithology, lineament density, geomorphology, slope, drainage density, rainfall and land use/cover. The corresponding normalized rates for the classes in a layer and weights for thematic layers are computed using Saaty’s analytical hierarchy process. Based on the computed rates and weights, aggregating the thematic maps is done using a weighted linear combination method to obtain a groundwater potential (GP) map. The GP map is verified by overlay analysis with observed borehole yield data. Map-removal and single-parameter sensitivity analyses are used to examine the effects of removing any of the thematic layers on the GP map and to compute effective weights, respectively. About 770 km2 (28 % of the study area) is designated as ‘very good’ GP. ‘Good’, ‘moderate’ and ‘poor’ GP areas cover 630 km2 (23 %), 600 km2 (22 %) and 690 km2 (25 %), respectively; the area with ‘very poor’ GP covers 55 km2 (2 %). Verification of the GP map against observed borehole yield data shows 74 % agreement, which is fairly satisfactory. The sensitivity analyses reveal the GP map is most sensitive to lithology with a mean variation index of 6.5 %, and lithology is the most effective thematic layer in GP mapping with mean effective weight of 52 %. © 2014, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.	Ethiopia; Geographic information systems; Groundwater potential; Multi-criteria evaluation; Remote sensing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84940659300	Evaluation of different oat varieties for fodder yield and yield related traits in Debre Berhan area, central highlands of Ethiopia	Beyene G., Araya A., Gebremedhn H.	2015	Livestock Research for Rural Development	27	9	None	College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Debre Berhan University, P.O. Box 445, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia	Beyene, G., College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Araya, A., College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Gebremedhn, H., College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Debre Berhan University, P.O. Box 445, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia	Oat is the most important well-adapted cereal fodder crop grown in the central highlands of Ethiopia. Ethiopia has a wide range of agro-ecological zones, described in the research centers to develop varieties to suit different zones as well as different systems of fodder production. However, the yield per acre is still far below than optimum level of production. Considering such a miserable picture in the country, field experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of seven forage oat varieties namely: 80-SA-130, 8251-CI, 80-SA-95, 8237-CI, Lampton, 8235-CI and Jasari at Agricultural Experiment Station of Debre Berhan University, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources during the year of 2014/15. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design having three replications and a net plot of size 1.2 m x 5 m. Data was recorded for plant height, leaf number tiller-1, tiller number plant-1, tillers per m2 and green fodder yield. The varieties differed in yield and yield related parameters. The variety Lampton produced significantly higher green forage yield (67.2 t·ha-1) than other varieties due to taller plants (178cm), more number of tillers plant-1 (14.2), tillers per m2 (256) and number of leaves tiller-1 (6.89) whereas, the variety Jasari recorded lowest (44.5 t·ha-1). Hence variety Lampton proved its superiority over all the other varieties included in the experiment. © 2015 Fundacion CIPAV. All rights reserved.	Avena sativa L; Forage yield; Yield traits	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84937886083	Business environment and the financial performance of small and medium enterprises: A study of Lagos state, Nigeria	Titus O.A.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	12	4CONT4	None	College of Economic and Management Sciences, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa	Titus, O.A., College of Economic and Management Sciences, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa	The financial outcome of an enterprise is perceived to have some relationships with its operational environment. This study analysed the business environment as a correlate of financial performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), as to contribute to environment-enterprise policy mechanisms and regulatory framework, industry and management practices. Relevant definitional criteria and World Bank’s model were adopted to sample 228 SMEs from 456 via judgmental and convenience techniques. Multifactor business-environment questionnaire (MBEQ) was used to elicit responses from SMEs in a field survey. Enterprise type, activity, product line and financial performance were examined. Results showed dominance of sole proprietorship and services SMEs, multi-product lines, and highly positively correlated financial performance and business environment. Consequently, improved SME-friendly business environment was recommended. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Business environment; Correlational analysis; Financial performance; Small and medium enterprises	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892512814	Evaluation of teachers' knowledge of the new teaching, learnig and assessment methodologies in selected primary schools	Mogashoa T.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	14	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n14p75	College of Education, University of South Africa, PO Box 392, 0003 Unisa, South Africa	Mogashoa, T., College of Education, University of South Africa, PO Box 392, 0003 Unisa, South Africa	The aim of the research was to evaluate teachers' knowledge of new teaching, learning and assessment methodologies. This study was underpinned by constructivist theory. It involved an analysis of the merits and demerits of the implementation of the new teaching, learning and assessment methodologies by teachers in selected primary schools. Qualitative method was used to gather information from the different categories of participants on how teaching, learning and assessment methodologies are implemented. Data were analysed by selecting, comparing, synthesising and interpreting information to provide explanation. It has been established in this study that teachers lack knowledge of learning outcomes and assessment standards. Teachers could not mention the learning outcomes and assessment standards they have planned to address in their lesson plans. The findings revealed that teachers tried to assess learners continuously during lesson presentations. The teacher should know the content, be able to decide on method or teaching approach, level of the learners as well as the learning and teaching support materials to be used in the lesson. Teachers should strive to establish how learners should learn, what teaching and learning activities they will use and how they will check learners' understanding.	Assessment standards; Curriculum; Evaluation and assessment; Forms of assessment; Involvement; Learning outcomes; Participation; Prior knowledge; Relevant; Resources; Skills and components; Teacher	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84910100073	School truancy: Poor school attenders’ perceptions of the impact regarding dysfunctional teacher-learner relationships on truant behaviour	van Breda M.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	23	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n23p1056	College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	van Breda, M., College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	The aim of this paper was to explore truants’ perceptions of the impact of teacher’s behaviour and attitudes on their school attendance. An in-depth literature study of the latest research on truancy uncovered that past truancy research focussed predominantly on the influence of home and community related influences in causing school truant behaviour. Three hundred eighth grade learners in the Metro East Education District (MEED) in the Western Cape, South Africa, participated in a survey measuring learners’ perceptions of the effects teacher-learner relationship on school and lesson attendance. The research findings suggest that respondents perceive unfavourable school experiences including being rejected, discriminated against by teachers and subjection to undue and humiliating punitive measures as significant grounds for their deliberate absence from lessons and ultimately dropping out of school. In presenting the research findings, it is argued that teachers often overlook the effects their class room conduct and attitudes may have on learners’ sense of belonging in school, learner school attendance and how learners view them. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that education authorities take account of the research findings of dysfunctional learner-teacher relationships in combatting school truancy. © 2014, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Absenteeism; Learner-teacher relationships; Non-attendance; School; Truancy	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892540235	The impact of language of learning and teaching in primary schools: A case study of the Gauteng province	Mogashoa T.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	1	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n1p295	College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	Mogashoa, T., College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	The aim of the research was to establish the impact of language of learning and teaching in selected South African primary schools. This study was underpinned by critical discourse analysis. The framework of analysis included analysis of texts, interactions and social practices at the local, institutional and societal levels. Language policies can be better understood by looking at the social issues of the community as well as the language and type of texts used. When exercising a choice with regard to method, researchers often have to decide between qualitative and quantitative methods or a combination of both. Qualitative research was chosen as a relevant research instrument for this study to gather information. During data analysis the data were organised categorically and coded and the responses were correlated with the prominent and emerging views identified in the literature survey. The findings of this study revealed that African learners are taught in second or third languages while white learners are taught in their home languages. The Department of Basic Education and policy makers should be persuaded to promote programmes in which home language instruction is given meaningful financial and material support to make the production and rewriting of textbooks and dictionaries across school curricula possible.	Critical discourse analysis; Curriculum; Evaluation and assessment; Involvement; Perspectives; Purpose and emphasis; Qualitative; Significance; Teacher	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892607471	Stakeholder perspectives on strategies that can improve student performance in the school-leaving examinations in Lesotho	Lekhetho M.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	3	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n3p85	College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	Lekhetho, M., College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa	Despite the endless efforts by the Lesotho government and various stakeholders to improve student outcomes in secondary schools, particularly in the school-leaving examinations, the failure rate remains stubbornly high, resulting in high wastage rate. The study adopted a quantitative approach, using questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to gather data from 808 participants who included students, teachers, principals, school board members, school inspectors and education secretaries on the strategies that can be used to improve student performance in the school-leaving examinations. Simple descriptive statistics, mainly frequency counts and percentages are used to report the results. To improve academic performance the respondents suggested that there should be collaborative determination of teachers and students, a culture of speaking English at school, regular attendance of classes by teachers, the principal's purposeful leadership and decisiveness in maintaining order and discipline, and student selectivity to ensure that good students are selected at entry levels.	Academic Performance; Admission Policy; Effectiveness; Efficiency	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907291886	Lessons from an evaluation experience: The School Wide Improvement Model (SWIM)	Msila V., Setlhako A.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	20	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p1467	College of Education, University of South Africa, UNISA, South Africa	Msila, V., College of Education, University of South Africa, UNISA, South Africa; Setlhako, A., College of Education, University of South Africa, UNISA, South Africa	The role of evaluation is beginning to be recognized in South African research. Researchers believe that programs and projects can be improved only if proper evaluation is conducted. This paper looks at a model developed after reading Carol Weiss’ Theory of Change. Not only did the researchers use Weiss, they also employed the work of other evaluation experts such as Patton, McDonald and Babbie. They utilized these theories when they were evaluating the Secondary School Intervention Program (SSIP) in South Africa. The researchers discussed their findings in an earlier study (2013). This specific work though explicates a developed model suggested for the improvement of the SSIP. The researchers demonstrate the complexity of evaluation and illustrate a model that has a potential influence on policy and practice, both of which are aspects emphasized by Weiss whose work is cited lavishly here. Through this (SWIM) model various aspects are explicated to show how one can overcome some of the potential challenges in program improvement. © MCSER-Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research.	Complexity; Intervention program; Policy improvement; Politics; Theory of change	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84930268635	Evaluation of sulfonated acrylamide-based tetrapolymer as a rheology modifier in water-based drilling fluid	Nagre R.D., Zhao L., Frimpong I.K., Owusu P.A.	2015	Petroleum and Coal	57	2	None	College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China; College of Geophysics and Oil Resources, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China; Faculty of Engineering, Kumasi Polytechnic, Kumasi, Ghana	Nagre, R.D., College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China, Faculty of Engineering, Kumasi Polytechnic, Kumasi, Ghana; Zhao, L., College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China; Frimpong, I.K., College of Geophysics and Oil Resources, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China, Faculty of Engineering, Kumasi Polytechnic, Kumasi, Ghana; Owusu, P.A., College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China, Faculty of Engineering, Kumasi Polytechnic, Kumasi, Ghana	The need for improved water-based drilling fluid systems for application in unfavourable wellbore con-ditions is a persistent challenge to oilwell drilling operation. This study evaluates the appropriateness of a synthetic tetrapolymer as a rheology modifier in water-based drilling fluid for application at elevated temperatures. The tetrapolymer, comprising acrylamide, sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate, N-vinyl pyrrolidone and N-butyl propenoate (TPM4) was synthesized in aqueous medium by free-radi-cal polymerization and characterized by Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy. Experimental design using six factors involving monomer molar ratios, total monomer concentration, initiator dosage, reaction temperature, pH and reaction time, was used to establish the optimum conditions of synthesis of the tetrapolymer. Rheological and fluid loss properties of the tetrapolymer were assessed in water-based drilling fluids. The tetrapolymer effected about four-fold filtration loss control in 4% KCl bentonite-based mud compared to the blank at 140°C. It also exhibited good viscosification of the mud and favourably retained mud viscosity up to 150°C.	Filtration loss; Rheological property; Temperature and salt resistance; Tetrapolymer; Water-based mud	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84959258429	Prognostication of water flooding performance in communicating layered reservoir	Owusu P.A., De Hua L., Nagre R.D.	2015	International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering	8	5	None	College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China; Department of Civil Engineering, Kumasi Polytechnic, P.O. Box 854, Kumasi, Ghana	Owusu, P.A., College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China, Department of Civil Engineering, Kumasi Polytechnic, P.O. Box 854, Kumasi, Ghana; De Hua, L., College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China; Nagre, R.D., College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China, Department of Civil Engineering, Kumasi Polytechnic, P.O. Box 854, Kumasi, Ghana	A model which approaches the recovery performance of waterflooding in communicating stratified reservoirs with log-normal permeability distribution is presented. The reservoir permeability is characterized by the Dykstra-Parsons variation coefficient (V) and standard deviation of the distribution (σ_k). The hydrocarbon pore volume is also characterized by normal distribution. The model allows for effect of variation of hydrocarbon pore volume. Comparison of the results obtained is made with the Dykstra-Parsons model. The performance of the reservoir is expressed in term of vertical sweep as a function of the producing water-oil ratio. Expressions for pseudo-relative permeability function and fractional flow curves are derived. The recovery performance is found to be dependent on mobility ratio and permeability variation. For a given water-oil ratio the vertical coverage increases as mobility ratio increases but decreases as permeability variation increases. Oil recovery therefore is enhanced for system with mobility ratio less than unity and retards for system with above unit mobility ratio. Below unit mobility ratio, Dykstra-Parson model gives reduced vertical coverage but higher at above unit mobility ratio compared to the model presented. The variation of porosity is found to increase oil recovery over the case of constant porosity and it is dependent on the rise of permeability variation and mobility ratio. Truncating the permeability significantly increases the vertical coverage and telling effect on the behavior on the performance prediction. © 2015 CAFET-INNOVA Technical Society All rights reserved.	Mobility ratio; Permeability cut; Permeability variation; Vertical coverage; Water flooding; Water-oil ratio	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892565600	Corruption, foreign direct investment and its impact on exchange rate of the Nigerian economy	Erhieyovwe E.K., Onokero I.I.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	3	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n3p345	College of Physical Education, Mosogar Delta state, Nigeria; College of Education, Agbor Delta state, Nigeria	Erhieyovwe, E.K., College of Physical Education, Mosogar Delta state, Nigeria; Onokero, I.I., College of Education, Agbor Delta state, Nigeria	This paper seeks to analyze corruption, foreign direct investment and its impact on exchange of the Nigerian economy. The ultimate objective of this study centers on an empirical investigation of the impact of corruption, foreign direct investment and its impact on exchange rate of the Nigerian economy. In order to achieve these objectives the study used the ordinary least squares regression analyses, augmented dickey fuller unit root test and the co-integration test. The unit root test revealed that all the variables were stationary at first difference and the short run result revealed that corruption is very high in Nigeria and that have help to depreciate the currency of the country with regards its exchange to other currencies. The study recommends that war against corruption or state of emergency on corruption should be vigorously pursued, this will help to remold the image of the Nigerian economy and encourage more foreign investors that will help to equate our exchange rate to other currencies.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84866323459	Orphanage caregivers' perceptions: The impact of organizational factors on the provision of services to orphans in the Ashanti Region of Ghana	Castillo J.T., Sarver C.M., Bettmann J.E., Mortensen J., Akuoko K.	2012	Journal of Children and Poverty	18	2	10.1080/10796126.2012.710484	College of Social Work, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Department of Sociology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Castillo, J.T., College of Social Work, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Sarver, C.M., College of Social Work, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Bettmann, J.E., College of Social Work, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Mortensen, J., College of Social Work, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Akuoko, K., Department of Sociology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana	Adding to the growing body of literature on outcomes for children living in orphanages and children's homes, this qualitative study explored the perceptions of institutional personnel - caregivers, staff members, supervisors, and administrators - about organizational factors affecting their ability to care for orphaned and vulnerable children living in institutions in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The participants in this study consisted of 59 caregivers, 7 supervisors, 10 administrators, 4 cooks, 4 teachers, 1 social worker, 1 security guard/driver, and 6 women classified as house helpers. Individual interviews were conducted using an English-written and stated semistructured interview guide the researchers had created. The data from the 92 interviews were transcribed and coded using inductive methodologies. The results revealed concerns from the personnel about their institutions' lack of adequate funding for essential items, including food and medicine for the children. The personnel were also concerned about the lack of appropriate workplace standards to ensure the sustainability of a viable workplace environment, including inadequate training, supervision, communication procedures, and staffing patterns, and collaborative partnerships and associations with other public or private community-based institutions. The findings from this study have considerable policy, practice, and research implications for social workers. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	Ghana; organizational structure; orphan caregiver; orphanage; orphans	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84919752607	Pre-service ultrasonic and manual evaluation of the reproductive organs of dairy cows presumed to be in estrus	Hansar E., Lemma A., Yilma T.	2014	SpringerPlus	3	1	10.1186/2193-1801-3-529	College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 34, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia	Hansar, E., College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 34, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia; Lemma, A., College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 34, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia; Yilma, T., College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 34, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia	Manual and ultrasonic evaluation of the the reproductive organs of 62 dairy cows and heifers belonging to smallholder farms was conducted. The objective was to assess the efficiency of visual estrus detection method in the dairy animals that were presented for artificial insemination. Data were collected on reproductive status, body condition, estrus signs, and findings of rectal examination. Thirty-three animals were inseminated after ultrasonic evaluation while 29 animals were inseminated after manual evaluation through rectal palpation. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed using ultrasound 30 days post insemination. The most frequently observed estrus signs by the dairy owners were mucus discharge (83.9%) and mounting (67.7%) while the most frequently confirmed physical signs of estrus by rectal examination were cervical opening (88.7%), and uterine turgidity (82.3%). The overall mean (±SD) diameter of the largest follicle was 12.9 ± 3.4 mm with an average number of 3.5 follicles per ovary. The overall pregnancy rate was 29%. Evaluation of post-insemination records showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the diameter of largest follicle between the pregnant (14.7 mm) and non-pregnant (12.1 mm) animals. The mean (±SD) time interval between the first observed estrus sign to service were 10.5 ± 7.0 hrs and 14.5 ± 10.0 hrs for pregnant and non-pregnant, respectively. The low pregnancy rate, delayed time of insemination, and the difference in the size of dominant follicle indicate the incompatibility between visual estrus detection and optimal time of insemination. This confirms the significance of improving estrus detection and the need for combining estrus signs with pre-service evaluation of the reproductive organs either manually or using ultrasound. © 2014, Hansar et al.; licensee Springer.	Artificial insemination; Estrus sign; Reproductive organs; Ultrasonography	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897641690	Production performance of dairy cows under farmer's management in and around Mekelle, Ethiopia	Kumar N., Abadi Y., Gebrekidan B., Tegegne D.T.	2014	Global Veterinaria	12	2	10.5829/idosi.gv.2014.12.02.82119	College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, P.O. Box-231, Mekelle, Ethiopia	Kumar, N., College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, P.O. Box-231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Abadi, Y., College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, P.O. Box-231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Gebrekidan, B., College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, P.O. Box-231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Tegegne, D.T., College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, P.O. Box-231, Mekelle, Ethiopia	The study was conducted on altogether 475 milch animals comprising of 223 indigenous and 252 Holstein-Friesian (HF) crossbred cows, maintained under farmer's managemental system in and around Mekelle (Ethiopia), were analyzed according to Least Squares Analysis to study the magnitude as well as direction of variation in their lactation length (LL), lactation milk yield (LMY) and peak-yield (PY) due to genetic and some non-genetic factors. The overall Least Squares Means for LL, LMY and PY were estimated to be 292.53±24.09 days, 1320.64±94.68 liters and 7.89±0.14 liters respectively. Genetic group and lactation order had significant effect (P≤0.01) on LL, LMY and PY. Season of calving had significant effect (P≤0.01) on LMY and PY but its effect on LL was non-significant. Effect of herd-size was significant (P≤0.05) on LMY while its effect on LL and PY was non-significant. Variation in all the traits due to location of herd and farming system were statistically non-significant. © IDOSI Publications, 2014.	Lactation length; Lactation milk yield; Mekelle; Peak yield	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84899675678	Reproductive performance of dairy cows under farmer's management in and around Mekelle, Ethiopia	Kumar N., Tkui K., Bisrat A.	2014	Livestock Research for Rural Development	26	5	None	College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, PO Box-231, Mekelle, Ethiopia	Kumar, N., College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, PO Box-231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Tkui, K., College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, PO Box-231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; Bisrat, A., College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, PO Box-231, Mekelle, Ethiopia	The study was conducted on 475 milch animals comprising of 223 indigenous and 252 Holstein-Friesian (HF) crossbred cows maintained under farmer's management system in and around Mekelle, Ethiopia. Data were analyzed according to least squares analysis to study the magnitude and direction of variation in days open (DO), calving interval (CI) and number of services per conception (NSC) due to genetic and some non-genetic factors. The overall least squares means for DO, CI and NSC were 157.0±62.0 days, 453.6±88.3 days and 1.7±0.2 services, respectively. The genetic constitution of the animals influenced DO, CI and NSC significantly (p<0.01). Lactation order had significant effect on CI and NSC (p<0.01) and DO (p<0.05). Season of calving, location of the herd, herd size and farming system had not statistically significant effect on all traits.	Calving interval; Days open; Service per conception	None	None
WoS	WOS:000311232900015	Differences between self-reported and electronically monitored adherence among patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in a resource-limited setting	Bangsberg, David R.,Habyarimana, James P.,Pop-Eleches, Cristian,Sidle, John E.,Siika, Abraham M.,Siripong, Nalyn,Thirumurthy, Harsha,Vreeman, Rachel C.	2012	AIDS	26	18	10.1097/QAD.0b013e328359aa68	Columbia University, Georgetown University, Harvard University, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University System, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Moi University, University of North Carolina, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, MGH Ctr Global Hlth, Ragon Inst MGH MIT & Harvard	"Habyarimana, James P.: Georgetown University","Pop-Eleches, Cristian: Columbia University","Siika, Abraham M.: Moi University","Siripong, Nalyn: University of North Carolina","Siripong, Nalyn: University of North Carolina Chapel Hill","Thirumurthy, Harsha: University of North Carolina","Thirumurthy, Harsha: University of North Carolina Chapel Hill","Vreeman, Rachel C.: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis","Vreeman, Rachel C.: Indiana University System",	Background: Measurement of adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) by patient self-report is common in resource-limited settings but widely believed to overstate actual adherence. The extent to which these measures overstate adherence has not been examined among a large patient population. Methods: HIV-infected adult patients in Kenya who initiated ART within the past 3 months were followed for 6 months. Adherence was measured by participants' self-reports of doses missed in the past 7 days during monthly clinic visits and by continuous Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS) in participants' pill bottles. Seven-day self-reported adherence was compared to 7-day MEMS adherence, 30-day MEMS adherence, and adherence more than 90% during each of the first 6 months. Results: Self-reported and MEMS adherence measures were linked for 669 participants. Mean 7-day self-reported adherence was 98.7% and mean 7-day MEMS adherence was 86.0%, a difference of 12.7% (P &lt; 0.01). The difference between the two adherence measures increased over time due to a decline in 7-day MEMS adherence. However, patients with lower MEMS adherence were in fact more likely to self-report missed doses and the difference between self-reported and MEMS adherence was similar for each number of self-reported missed doses. When analysis was limited to patients who reported rarely or never removing multiple doses at the same time, mean difference was 10.5% (P &lt; 0.01). Conclusion: There is a sizable and significant difference between self-reported and MEMS adherence. However, a strong relationship between the measures suggests that self-reported adherence is informative for clinical monitoring and program evaluation. (C) 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins	ADHERENCE,"adherence measurement","ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY","ELECTRONIC MONITORING",COUNT,HAART,"HIV-INFECTED ADULTS",METAANALYSIS,OUTCOMES,"PROTEASE INHIBITORS","VIRAL SUPPRESSION"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000320574400008	Randomized controlled trial evaluating the effect of an interactive group counseling intervention for HIV-positive women on prenatal depression and disclosure of HIV status	Antelman, Gretchen,Blander, Jeffrey,Chopyak, Elena,Cyprian, Fileuka,Emmons, Karen M.,Fawzi, Mary C. Smith,Kaaya, Sylvia F.,Levine, Michelle,Matsumoto, Kenji	2013	AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV	25	7	10.1080/09540121.2013.763891	Columbia University, Harvard University, University of Massachusetts Boston, University of Massachusetts System, Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci	"Antelman, Gretchen: Columbia University","Blander, Jeffrey: Harvard University","Chopyak, Elena: Harvard University","Emmons, Karen M.: Harvard University","Fawzi, Mary C. Smith: Harvard University","Levine, Michelle: University of Massachusetts Boston","Levine, Michelle: University of Massachusetts System","Matsumoto, Kenji: Harvard University",	The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of group counseling, using a problem-solving therapy approach, on reducing depressive symptoms and increasing prenatal disclosure rates of HIV status among HIV-positive pregnant women living in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A randomized controlled trial was performed comparing a six-week structured nurse-midwife facilitated psychosocial support group with the standard of care. Sixty percent of women in the intervention group were depressed post-intervention, versus 73% in the control group [Relative Risk (RR) = 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.67-1.01, p=0.066]. HIV disclosure rates did not differ across the two study arms. However, among those women who disclosed, there was a significantly higher level of overall personal satisfaction with the response to disclosure from family and friends among women in the treatment (88%) compared to the control group (62%; p=0.004). The results indicate reductions in the level of depressive symptoms comparable with major depressive disorder (MDD) for HIV-positive pregnant women participating in a group counseling intervention. Although the psychosocial group counseling did not significantly increase disclosure rates, an improvement in the level of personal satisfaction resulting from disclosure was associated with the intervention. This suggests that the counseling sessions have likely reduced the burden of depression and helped clients better manage partner reactions to disclosure. Public agencies and non-governmental organizations working in Tanzania and similar settings should consider offering structured psychosocial support groups to HIV-positive pregnant women to prevent poor mental health outcomes, promote early childhood development, and potentially impact HIV-related disease outcomes in the long term.	DEPRESSION,DISCLOSURE,HIV,PREGNANCY,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA",Tanzania,DAR-ES-SALAAM,"DISEASE PROGRESSION",HEALTH-PROBLEMS,"INFECTED PREGNANT-WOMEN",PREVENTION,"SEROSTATUS DISCLOSURE",SOUTH-AFRICA,TANZANIA,THERAPY,TRANSMISSION	None	None
WoS	WOS:000319869000006	The Tanzania Connect Project: a cluster-randomized trial of the child survival impact of adding paid community health workers to an existing facility-focused health system	Baynes, Colin,Exavery, Amon,Helleringer, Stephane,Hingora, Ahmed,Jackson, Elizabeth,Kante, Malick,Manzi, Fatuma,Pemba, Senga,Phillips, James F.,Ramsey, Kate	2013	BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH	13	None	10.1186/1472-6963-13-S2-S6	Columbia University, Ifakara Hlth Inst, Tanzanian Training Ctr Int Hlth	"Helleringer, Stephane: Columbia University","Jackson, Elizabeth: Columbia University","Phillips, James F.: Columbia University",	Background: Tanzania has been a pioneer in establishing community-level services, yet challenges remain in sustaining these systems and ensuring adequate human resource strategies. In particular, the added value of a cadre of professional community health workers is under debate. While Tanzania has the highest density of primary health care facilities in Africa, equitable access and quality of care remain a challenge. Utilization for many services proven to reduce child and maternal mortality is unacceptably low. Tanzanian policy initiatives have sought to address these problems by proposing expansion of community-based providers, but the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MoHSW) lacks evidence that this merits national implementation. The Tanzania Connect Project is a randomized cluster trial located in three rural districts with a population of roughly 360,000 (Kilombero, Rufiji, and Ulanga). Description of intervention: Connect aims to test whether introducing a community health worker into a general program of health systems strengthening and referral improvement will reduce child mortality, improve access to services, expand utilization, and alter reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health seeking behavior; thereby accelerating progress towards Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5. Connect has introduced a new cadre - Community Health Agents (CHA) - who were recruited from and work in their communities. To support the CHA, Connect developed supervisory systems, launched information and monitoring operations, and implemented logistics support for integration with existing district and village operations. In addition, Connect's district-wide emergency referral strengthening intervention includes clinical and operational improvements. Evaluation design: Designed as a community-based cluster-randomized trial, CHA were randomly assigned to 50 of the 101 villages within the Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) in the three study districts. To garner detailed information on household characteristics, behaviors, and service exposure, a random sub-sample survey of 3,300 women of reproductive age will be conducted at the baseline and endline. The referral system intervention will use baseline, midline, and endline facility-based data to assess systemic changes. Implementation and impact research of Connect will assess whether and how the presence of the CHA at village level provides added life-saving value to the health system. Discussion: Global commitment to launching community-based primary health care has accelerated in recent years, with much of the implementation focused on Africa. Despite extensive investment, no program has been guided by a truly experimental study. Connect will not only address Tanzania's need for policy and operational research, it will bridge a critical international knowledge gap concerning the added value of salaried professional community health workers in the context of a high density of fixed facilities.	,CARE,DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES,IMPLEMENTATION,INTERVENTIONS,"MATERNITY REFERRAL SYSTEMS","MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL",MORTALITY,"NAVRONGO EXPERIMENT","SERVICES RESEARCH","SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000293382500007	A 3-year Cohort Study to Assess the Impact of an Integrated Food- and Livelihood-based Model on Undernutrition in Rural Western Kenya	Amoroso, L,Diru, W.,Fanzo, J.,Kim, D.,Lelerai, E.,Masira, J.,Muniz, M.,Mutuo, P.,Negin, J.,Nemser, B.,Palm, C.,Pronyk, P. M.,Remans, R.,Sachs, J. D.,Sachs, S. Ehrlich,Sanchez, P.,THOMPSON, B,Wariero, J.	2011	COMBATING MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES: FOOD-BASED APPROACHES	None	None	None	Columbia University, KU Leuven, University of Sydney, Biovers Int	"Kim, D.: Columbia University","Negin, J.: University of Sydney","Pronyk, P. M.: Columbia University","Remans, R.: KU Leuven","Sanchez, P.: Columbia University",	Reducing extreme poverty and hunger is the first Millennium Development Goal (MDG). With undernutrition contributing to one third of all child deaths, improving nutrition is a precondition for accelerating progress towards other MDG targets. While the role of technical interventions such as micronutrient fortification and supplementation in reducing morbidity and mortality has been well documented, evidence to support more comprehensive multi-sectoral approaches remains inconclusive. This chapter aims to evaluate the impact of an integrated food- and livelihood-based model on nutrition-related outcomes in rural western Kenya. A 3-year prospective cohort study was undertaken among 300 randomly selected wealth-stratified households. Detailed socio-economic and health surveys were conducted. A nutrition module assessed household levels of food security, food consumption frequency and diet diversity. This was complemented by anthropometric measurement and assessments of serum levels of vitamin A among children under 5 years old. The average food insecurity score decreased from 5.21 at baseline to 4.13 at follow-up (P &lt; 0.0001). Average diet diversity scores for daily, weekly and monthly time periods increased from 6.7 to 7.3; from 10.7 to 11.2; and from 12.4 to 12.6, respectively (P &lt; 0.0001). Daily consumption for 14 out of 16 food groups increased significantly. For children under 2 years of age, underweight and stunting decreased from 26.2% to 3.9% (P = 0.002) and from 62.3% to 38.3% (P = 0.014), respectively. Vitamin A deficiency as measured by serum vitamin A levels decreased from 70.0% to 33.3% (P = 0.007) for children under 5 years old. This study presents encouraging evidence that a multi-sectoral food- and livelihood-based model can improve diet quality, enhance food security and positively affect childhood nutritional outcomes. The wider application of this approach to a diversity of agro-ecological zones in sub-Saharan Africa is currently being assessed.	"diet diversity",Food-based,"FOOD SECURITY",multi-sectoral,STUNTING,"VITAMIN A","CHILD UNDERNUTRITION","DIETARY DIVERSITY",GROWTH,HEALTH,INTERVENTIONS,OPPORTUNITY,"VITAMIN-A INTAKE"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000303591700010	Capitalizing on the Characteristics of mHealth to Evaluate Its Impact	Burbach, Ryan,Cole-Lewis, Heather,Cosmaciuc, Roxana,Dusabe, Schadrack,Kanter, Andrew S.,Kaonga, Nadi Nina,Mechael, Patricia,Namakula, Patricia,Nemser, Bennett,Ohemeng-Dapaah, Seth,Shemsanga, Muhadili	2012	JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION	18	SUPPL. 1	10.1080/10810730.2012.679848	Columbia University, Millennium Dev Goal Ctr W Africa, Millennium Villages Project	"Burbach, Ryan: Columbia University","Cole-Lewis, Heather: Columbia University","Cosmaciuc, Roxana: Columbia University","Kanter, Andrew S.: Columbia University","Kaonga, Nadi Nina: Columbia University","Mechael, Patricia: Columbia University","Nemser, Bennett: Columbia University",	None	None	None	None
WoS	WOS:000274115900013	The impact of immunization on the association between poverty and child survival: Evidence from Kassena-Nankana District of northern Ghana	Adjuik, Martin,Bawah, Ayaga A.,Binka, Fred N.,MacLeod, Bruce,Phillips, James F.,Vaughan-Smith, Maya	2010	SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH	38	1	10.1177/1403494809352532	Columbia University, Navrongo Health Research Center, University of Ghana, University of Maine System, University of Southern Maine, INDEPTH Network	"Adjuik, Martin: Navrongo Health Research Center","Binka, Fred N.: University of Ghana","MacLeod, Bruce: University of Maine System","MacLeod, Bruce: University of Southern Maine","Phillips, James F.: Columbia University",	Background: Research conducted in Africa has consistently demonstrated that parental poverty and low educational attainment adversely affect child survival. Research conducted elsewhere has demonstrated that low-cost vaccines against preventable diseases reduce childhood mortality. Therefore, the extension of vaccination to impoverished populations is widely assumed to diminish equity effects. Recent evidence that childhood mortality is increasing in many countries where vaccination programmes are active challenges this assumption. Data and methods: This paper marshals data from accurate and complete immunization records and survival histories for 18,368 children younger than five years in a rural northern Ghanaian population that is generally impoverished, but where family wealth and parental educational differentials exist nonetheless. Time-conditional Weibull hazard models are estimated to test the hypothesis that childhood immunization offsets the detrimental effects of poverty and low educational attainment. Conclusions: Findings show that the adverse effects of poverty disappear and that the effects of educational attainment are reduced in survival models that control for immunization status. This finding lends empirical support to policies that promote immunization as a strategic component of poverty-reduction programmes.	"CHILD SURVIVAL",HEALTH,IMMUNIZATION,POVERTY,AFRICA,GUINEA-BISSAU,MORTALITY,"NAVRONGO EXPERIMENT"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000306994100011	Beyond Indicators: Advances in Global HIV Monitoring and Evaluation During the PEPFAR Era	Bouey, Paul D.,Curtis, Sian,Hochgesang, Mindy,Idele, Priscilla,Jefferson, Bobby,Lemma, Wuleta,Myrick, Roger,Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, Harriet,Porter, Laura E.,Prybylski, Dimitri,Souteyrand, Yves,Tulli, Tuhuma	2012	JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES	60	None	10.1097/QAI.0b013e31825cf345	Columbia University, Tulane University, University of California San Francisco, University of California System, University of North Carolina, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, World Health Organization, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA, , Futures Grp Int, Off US Global AIDS Coordinator, UNICEF	"Curtis, Sian: University of North Carolina","Curtis, Sian: University of North Carolina Chapel Hill","Lemma, Wuleta: Tulane University","Myrick, Roger: University of California San Francisco","Myrick, Roger: University of California System","Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, Harriet: Columbia University","Souteyrand, Yves: World Health Organization",	Monitoring and evaluation (M&amp;E) is fundamental to global HIV program implementation and has been a cornerstone of the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). Rapid results were crucial to demonstrating feasibility and scalability of HIV care and treatment services early in PEPFAR. When national HIV M&amp;E systems were nascent, the rapid influx of funds and the emergency expansion of HIV services contributed to the development of uncoordinated "parallel" information systems to serve donor demands for information. Close collaboration of PEPFAR with multilateral and national partners improved harmonization of indicators, standards, methods, tools, and reports. Concurrent PEPFAR investments in surveillance, surveys, program monitoring, health information systems, and human capacity development began to show signs of progress toward sustainable country-owned systems. Awareness of the need for and usefulness of data increased, far beyond discussions of indicators and reporting. Emphasis has turned toward ensuring the quality of data and using available data to improve the quality of care. Assessing progress toward an AIDS-free generation requires that the global community can measure the reduction of new HIV infections in children and adults and monitor the coverage, quality, and outcomes of highly efficacious interventions in combination. Building national M&amp;E systems requires sustained efforts over long periods of time with effective leadership and coordination. PEPFAR, in close collaboration with its global and national partners, is well positioned to transform the successes and challenges associated with early rapid scale-up into future opportunities for sustainable, cost-effective, country-owned programs and systems.	"monitoring and evaluation",PEPFAR,"ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT",BANGKOK,"EVALUATION SYSTEMS","HEALTH SYSTEMS","MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES",PROGRAM,"RISK BEHAVIOR",SCALE-UP,SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR,THAILAND	None	None
WoS	WOS:000239414300012	Design and evaluation of a drama-based intervention to promote voluntary counseling and HIV testing in a south African community	Bekker, Linda-Gail,Middelkoop, Keren,Myer, Landon,Smit, Joalida,Wood, Robin	2006	SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES	33	8	None	Columbia University, University of Cape Town	None	Background. Voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) services are a major component of HIV prevention and treatment efforts. We developed a drama-based intervention to promote VCT services in a peri-urban community in South Africa. Methods: Young adults from the community received training in HIV/AIDS and drama, and developed sketches to address perceived barriers to VCT. Over 12 months, 80 performances were held in busy community settings. The intervention was evaluated through changes in VCT uptake at the local clinic compared with comparable communities nearby. Results: After the start of the intervention in August 2003, a 172% increase in the uptake of VCT services was observed in the intervention community. This was significantly greater than demand for VCT in either of the control communities during the same period (P &lt; 0.0001). Conclusion: A structured, community-based education program based on drama can lead to substantial increases in the demand for VCT services in resource-limited settings.	,BEHAVIOR,UGANDA	None	None
WoS	WOS:000301868800006	The impact of reducing financial barriers on utilisation of a primary health care facility in Rwanda	Bonds, Matthew H.,Dhillon, Ranu S.,Fraden, Max,Ndahiro, Donald,Ruxin, Josh	2012	GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH	7	1	10.1080/17441692.2011.593536	Columbia University, University of Rwanda, Millennium Villages Project	"Bonds, Matthew H.: University of Rwanda","Dhillon, Ranu S.: Columbia University","Fraden, Max: Columbia University","Ruxin, Josh: Columbia University",	This study investigates the impact of subsidising community-based health insurance (mutuelle) enrolment, removing point-of-service co-payments, and improving service delivery on health facility utilisation rates in Mayange, a sector of rural Rwanda of approximately 25,000 people divided among five 'imidugudu' or small villages. While comprehensive service upgrades were introduced in the Mayange Health Centre between April 2006 and February 2007, utilisation rates remained similar to comparison sites. Between February 2007 and April 2007, subsidies for mutuelle enrolment established virtually 100% coverage. Immediately after co-payments were eliminated in February 2007, patient visits levelled at a rate triple the previous value. Regression analyses using data from Mayange and two comparison sites indicate that removing financial barriers resulted in about 0.6 additional annual visits for curative care per capita. Although based on a single local pilot, these findings suggest that in order to achieve improved health outcomes, key short-term objectives include improved service delivery and reduced financial barriers. Based on this pilot, higher utilisation rates may be affected if broader swaths of the population are enrolled in mutuelle and co-payments are eliminated. Health leaders in Rwanda should consider further studies to determine if the impact of eliminating co-payments and increasing subsidies for mutuelle enrolment as seen in Mayange holds at greater levels of scale. Broader studies to better elucidate the impact of enrolment subsidies and co-payment subsidies on utilisation, health outcomes, and costs would also provide policy insights.	"community-based health insurance",Mayange,mutuelle,RWANDA,"USER FEES",ACCESS,AFRICA,COST,INSURANCE,POVERTY,SERVICES,UGANDA,"USER FEES"	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939165185	Effects of a carbohydrate-electrolyte solution on cognitive performance following exercise-induced hyperthermia in humans	Lee J.K.W., Ang W.H., Ng J.W.X., Fan P.W.P., Teo Y.S., Nolte H.W., Yeo Y.Y.W.	2014	Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition	11	1	10.1186/s12970-014-0051-x	Combat Protection and Performance Programme, Defence Medical and Environmental Research Institute, DSO National Laboratories, Singapore; Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; ERGOnomics TECHnologies, Research and Development, Armscor, Pretoria, South Africa	Lee, J.K.W., Combat Protection and Performance Programme, Defence Medical and Environmental Research Institute, DSO National Laboratories, Singapore, Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Ang, W.H., Combat Protection and Performance Programme, Defence Medical and Environmental Research Institute, DSO National Laboratories, Singapore; Ng, J.W.X., Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Fan, P.W.P., Combat Protection and Performance Programme, Defence Medical and Environmental Research Institute, DSO National Laboratories, Singapore; Teo, Y.S., Combat Protection and Performance Programme, Defence Medical and Environmental Research Institute, DSO National Laboratories, Singapore; Nolte, H.W., ERGOnomics TECHnologies, Research and Development, Armscor, Pretoria, South Africa; Yeo, Y.Y.W., Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore	Background: There is limited information on the effects of sports drinks on cognitive function after exercise in the heat. We aimed to investigate the effects of ingesting a commercially available carbohydrate-electrolyte (CHO) solution on cognitive performance following exercise-induced hyperthermia. Methods: Twelve participants completed three practices of cognitive tests, one full familiarisation and two experimental trials in an environmental chamber (dry bulb temperature: 30.2 ± 0.3°C, relative humidity: 70 ± 3%). The experimental trials consisted of five cognitive tests (symbol digit matching, search and memory, digit span, choice reaction time and psychomotor vigilance test) performed before and after a 75-min run on a treadmill at 70% VO<inf>2</inf> max. One ml/kg body mass of a 6.8% CHO solution or placebo was consumed at the start, every 15 min during exercise and between cognitive tests after exercise. Core temperature, heart rate, blood glucose concentrations, subjective ratings and cognitive performance were assessed (symbol digit matching, search and memory, digit span, choice reaction time and psychomotor vigilance). Results: Participants were hyperthermic at the end of the run (placebo: 39.5 ± 0.4°C, CHO: 39.6 ± 0.5°C; Mean ± SD; p = 0.37). The change in blood glucose was higher with CHO ingestion (1.6, 0.7 to 4.5 mmol/L) (median, range) than with placebo ingestion (0.9, -0.1 to 4.7 mmol/L; p < 0.05). CHO ingestion reduced the maximum span of digits memorized, in contrast to an increase in maximum span with placebo ingestion (p < 0.05). CHO solution had no effect on other cognitive tests (p > 0.05). Conclusions: These results suggest that CHO solution ingestion may impair short-term memory following exertional heat stress. © 2014 Lee et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79955909023	Factors contributing to the academic performance of students in a private university in Kenya: A case of Daystar university	Karimi F.K.	2010	International Journal of Learning	17	8	None	Commission for Higher Education in Kenya, Kenya	Karimi, F.K., Commission for Higher Education in Kenya, Kenya	There are student-related factors that significantly contribute to the academic performance of undergraduate students in the universities. This study aimed at identifying the factors that contribute to the academic performance of undergraduate students in the universities, using Daystar University as a case. The study also sought to establish the perception of students on the factors that contribute to their academic performance in the university. The study employed both descriptive and path analyses in establishing the factors that contribute to the academic performance of students in the university. Students' final high school grade, English Language proficiency, self-regulatory learning strategies and extrinsic goal orientation were observed to have direct effects on the academic performance of the students in the university. On the other hand, self efficacy, locus of control, intrinsic goal orientations and personality traits were observed to have indirect effects on the academic performance of students in the university. Most of the students perceived the self-regulatory learning strategies to be the greatest determinant of their academic performance in the university. There is need for students as well as their mentors to promote the positive contributors while discouraging the negative ones while enhancing the students academic performance in the university. Transitional issues from high school to tertiary level of education should not be overlooked as a factor contributing to the academic performance of students in the university. Further research is required on the external factors that contribute to the academic performance of students in the university. A replica of the same study in other universities within the country was also deemed necessary. © Common Ground, Florah K. Karimi.	Academic performance; Age; Attitudes; English language proficiency; Goal-orientations; Personality traits; Prior high school grade; Self-regulatory learning strategies; Undergraduate students	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77958105531	Production performance of dual purpose crosses of two indigenous with two exotic chicken breeds in sub-tropical environment	Bekele F., AdnoØy T., GjoØen H.M., Kathle J., Abebe G.	2010	International Journal of Poultry Science	9	7	None	Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Arboretveien 6, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Department of Animal and Range Sciences, College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Hawassa, Ethiopia	Bekele, F., Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Arboretveien 6, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway, Department of Animal and Range Sciences, College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Hawassa, Ethiopia; AdnoØy, T., Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Arboretveien 6, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; GjoØen, H.M., Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Arboretveien 6, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Kathle, J., Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Arboretveien 6, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Abebe, G., Department of Animal and Range Sciences, College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Hawassa, Ethiopia	An ongoing crossbreeding experiment is being conducted with the objective of producing dual purpose synthetic chicken for village poultry production in Ethiopia. The two exotic chicken breeds used were the Fayoumi (F) and Rhode Island Red (R) as dam line, whereas the two indigenous chicken breeds used were the Naked neck (N) and local Netch (W); a white feathered chicken. The indigenous breeds were used as sire line to produce the hybrids FN (F♀ X N♂) and RW (R♀ X W♂). Growth and egg production performance of the crosses were compared with each other and with the exotic pure line performance. Both body and egg weight of FN was improved while body weight of RW was reduced and age at first egg was significantly reduced, compared to their respective dam line. Egg production for the crosses was lower than for their maternal lines. Although FN cross chicks weighed more and grew faster than RW chicks during the brooding period, the difference became insignificant as they grew older. However, the higher overall average body weight gain of RW crosses that was observed was mainly due to higher weight gain for the RW cocks. No significant differences were observed in overall egg production and quality traits between the two crosses, but significant age effect within crosses was found. Mortality in the FN cross was lower than in the RW cross. These F1 crosses will be used as parents to produce a 4-way synthetic crossbred chicken. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2010.	Body weight; Egg production; Egg quality; References; Two-way crossing	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84902523905	African primary care research: Performing a programme evaluation	Dudley L.	2014	African Journal of Primary Health Care and Family Medicine	6	1	10.4102/phcfm.v6i1.634	Community Health Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19063, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa	Dudley, L., Community Health Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19063, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa	This article is part of a series on Primary Care Research in the African context and focuses on programme evaluation. Different types of programme evaluation are outlined: developmental, process, outcome and impact. Eight steps to follow in designing your programme evaluation are then described in some detail: engage stakeholders; establish what is known; describe the programme; define the evaluation and select a study design; define the indicators; plan and manage data collection and analysis; make judgements and recommendations; and disseminate the findings. Other articles in the series cover related topics such as writing your research proposal, performing a literature review, conducting surveys with questionnaires, qualitative interviewing and approaches to quantitative and qualitative data analysis. © 2014. The Authors.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84872001751	The impact of routine HIV testing on HIV-related stigma and discrimination in Africa	Durojaye E.	2011	International Journal of Discrimination and the Law	11	4	10.1177/1358229111435735	Community Law Centre, University of Western Cape, South Africa	Durojaye, E., Community Law Centre, University of Western Cape, South Africa	This paper discusses different methods of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing, particularly routine and voluntary HIV testing methods, which have been adopted in response to the HIV epidemic in Africa. It then examines the importance of HIV testing as a tool for the prevention and treatment of infected and affected persons. The paper argues that although routine HIV testing is important in scaling up HIV testing in Africa, it may not necessarily address HIV-related stigma as contended by some commentators. Rather, it is argued that routine HIV testing, as practised in many African countries, may fuel HIV-related stigma and violate individuals' fundamental rights guaranteed in numerous human rights instruments. In conclusion, the paper cautions that any attempt at adopting routine HIV testing in Africa should be tempered with respect for people's human rights. © 2011 The Author(s).	Africa; human rights; Routine HIV testing; stigma and discrimination	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874253215	Impact of adopting enterprise resource planning systems by commercial organizations in Kenya	Abdullabhai M., Acosta F.	2012	DLSU Business and Economics Review	21	2	None	Computer Pride Ltd, Nairobi, Kenya; Strathmore Business School, Nairobi, Kenya	Abdullabhai, M., Computer Pride Ltd, Nairobi, Kenya; Acosta, F., Strathmore Business School, Nairobi, Kenya	The purpose of our research is to understand the benefits Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems render to commercial organizations in Kenya and to understand the challenges that affect the ERP Implementation process. These benefits and challenges have direct impact on the performance of the business; therefore the study seek to understand the complexity of these two factors. Thirty five organizations participated in our research. We established what kind of benefits were realized by various sizes of organization adopting ERP systems, and the differences that exist among challenges and benefits with respect to the size of the organization and age of ERP System. Lastly, our research also identifies how various benefits and challenges are interconnected and interdependent. © 2012 De La Salle University, Philippines.	Benefits; Challenges; ERP systems; Implementation; Kenyan business environment	None	None
WoS	WOS:000299437500004	A proposed methodology for contextualised evaluation in higher education	Belluigi, Dina Zoe,Nygaard, Claus	2011	ASSESSMENT &amp; EVALUATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION	36	6	10.1080/02602931003650037	Copenhagen Business School, Rhodes University	"Belluigi, Dina Zoe: Rhodes University","Nygaard, Claus: Copenhagen Business School"	This paper aims to inspire stakeholders working with quality of higher education (such as members of study boards, study programme directors, curriculum developers and teachers) to critically consider their evaluation methods in relation to a focus on student learning. We argue that many of the existing methods of evaluation in higher education are underpinned by a conception of learning that is de-contextualised. As a consequence, many data collection methods do not address aspects that affect students' learning. This is problematic because the core aim of higher education is to facilitate student learning. We propose a contextualised evaluation methodology, guided by 10 key questions, which can help evaluators address concepts and questions of student learning in their evaluations.	"contextualised learning",evaluation,FEEDBACK,methodology,WORK	None	None
WoS	WOS:000234123500003	Context matters: interpreting impact findings in child survival evaluations	Amaral, J,Bryce, J,El Arifeen, S,HABICHT, JP,HUICHO, L,Manzi, F,Pariyo, G,SCHELLENBERG, JA,Scherpbier, RW,VICTORA, CG	2005	HEALTH POLICY AND PLANNING	20	SUPPL. 1	10.1093/heapol/czi050	Cornell University, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Makerere University, National University of San Marcos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Universidade Federal do Ceara, University of Geneva, University of London, World Health Organization, Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr, Inst Salud Nino, London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine	None	Appropriate consideration of contextual factors is essential for ensuring internal and external validity of randomized and non-randomized evaluations. Contextual factors may confound the association between delivery of the intervention and its potential health impact. They may also modify the effect of the intervention or programme, thus affecting the generalizability of results. This is particularly true for large-scale health programmes, for which impact may vary substantially from one context to another. Understanding the nature and role of contextual factors may improve the validity of study results, as well as help predict programme impact across sites. This paper describes the experience acquired in measuring and accounting for contextual factors in the Multi-Country Evaluation of the IMCI (Integrated Management of Childhood Illness) strategy in five countries: Bangladesh, Brazil, Peru, Uganda and Tanzania. Two main types of contextual factors were identified. Implementation-related factors include the characteristics of the health systems where IMCI was implemented, such as utilization rates, basic skills of health workers, and availability of drugs, supervision and referral. Impact-related factors include baseline levels and patterns of child mortality and nutritional status, which affect the scope for programme impact. We describe the strategies used in the IMCI evaluation in order to obtain data on relevant contextual factors and to incorporate them in the analyses. Two case studies - from Tanzania and Peru - show how appropriate consideration of contextual factors may help explain apparently conflicting evaluation results.	,CARE,ILLNESS,"INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT",INTERVENTIONS,PUBLIC-HEALTH,TANZANIA	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33646193106	Planning and performance of small and medium enterprise operators in a country in transition	Yusuf A., Saffu K.	2005	Journal of Small Business Management	43	4	10.1111/j.1540-627X.2005.00148.x	Corporate Planning and Development Division, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, Nigeria; Department of Entrepreneurship, Brock University, St. Catherines, Ont., Canada	Yusuf, A., Corporate Planning and Development Division, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, Nigeria; Saffu, K., Department of Entrepreneurship, Brock University, St. Catherines, Ont., Canada	This paper examines the relationship between planning and performance of small and medium enterprise operators in a country in economic transition. The literature on planning-performance relationship reports mixed findings. In a period of uncertainty, as exemplified by conditions of economic difficulties, one would expect firms to do more planning. On the contrary, our study shows that economic difficulties do not encourage firms to plan seriously. Our study also shows that firms that plan do not necessarily experience increased performance, with the exception of the manufacturing sector. Other findings of the study include a significant gender difference in the planning sophistication of small firms in Ghana, with firms managed or owned by males having sophisticated planning compared with female managed or female-owned businesses. Size did not moderate planning performance in our study. Planning affected performance equally in both large and small firms in our study. We found no difference among the planning clusters for education. Firms with the highest growth in sales had low-planning sophistication. This study contributes to our understanding and appreciation of situations in which planning does not necessarily add significant value to organizations (by way of increased performance).	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904977852	Impact of quantum entanglement on spectrum of cosmological fluctuations	Kanno S.	2014	Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics	2014	7	10.1088/1475-7516/2014/07/029	Cosmology and Gravity Center, Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa	Kanno, S., Cosmology and Gravity Center, Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa	We investigate the effect of entanglement between two causally separated open charts in de Sitter space on the spectrum of vacuum fluctuations. We consider a free massive scalar field, and construct the reduced density matrix by tracing out the vacuum state for one of the open charts, as recently derived by Maldacena and Pimentel. We formulate the mean-square vacuum fluctuations by using the reduced density matrix and show that the scale invariant spectrum of massless scalar field is realized on small scales. On the other hand, we find that the quantum entanglement affects the shape of the spectrum on large scales comparable to or greater than the curvature radius.	ination; quantum cosmology; quantum field theory on curved space	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893333974	Quality evaluation of chocolate produced using soy-cow milk	Obatoye A.O., Ogunwolu S.O., Idowu M.A.	2014	Nutrition and Food Science	44	1	10.1108/NFS-07-2013-0078	Crop Processing and Utilization, Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan, Nigeria; Food and Human Ecology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria	Obatoye, A.O., Crop Processing and Utilization, Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan, Nigeria; Ogunwolu, S.O., Crop Processing and Utilization, Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan, Nigeria; Idowu, M.A., Food and Human Ecology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria	Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effects of substituting cow milk with soy milk in the standard milk chocolate recipe on the physical, chemical and sensory qualities of milk chocolate and obtain the best ratio of substitution. Design/methodology/approach: Milk chocolates were produced by substituting the cow milk in the standard recipe with soy milk powder at different ratios of soy milk to cow milk. Physical and chemical analyses were carried out using the standard methods to evaluate the major raw materials and chocolate samples, and the sensory evaluation of the chocolate samples was carried out using preference and difference tests. Findings: Soy milk contained the highest crude protein and crude fiber. The cut test results of the cocoa beans showed that the percentage of fully fermented cocoa beans was in agreement with the standard. Residimeter value (RV) of four chocolate samples (30:70, 20:80, 10:90, and 0:100) was the best. The nitrogen content and melting points of the chocolates samples were found to increase with increased inclusion of soy milk powder in the recipe. There was no significant difference (p<0.05) in taste, sweetness, smoothness, and overall acceptability of the 0:100 and 30:70; soy milk to cow milk samples. Practical implications: Soy-chocolate will be a new chocolate product with higher melting point and lower cost than the standard milk chocolate. The selling price of chocolate will be lower and thus affordable to low-income earners. Also, there will be an increased utilization of soybean. Originality/value: Soy-chocolate recipe is a new and additional recipe for the production of milk chocolate. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Cocoa; Food products; Milk; Nutrition; Product development; Soya	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79958129745	Bubbles in South African house prices and their impact on consumption	Das S., Gupta R., Kanda P.T.	2011	Journal of Real Estate Literature	19	1	None	CSIR Built Environment, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	Das, S., CSIR Built Environment, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; Gupta, R., University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Kanda, P.T., CSIR Built Environment, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa	This study tests for house price bubbles in the South African housing market using quarterly data from 1969:Q2 to 2009:Q3, based on the unit root test developed by Phillips, Wu, and Yu (2010). The findings indicate house price bubbles in the aggregate, large, medium, and small-middle segments, but not in the luxury and affordable segments. Next, symmetric and asymmetric versions of an Error Correction Model (ECM) are used to investigate the spillover effects from the housing sector onto consumption. Results indicate significant and asymmetric spillovers, with consumption responding significantly to house price deceleration, although there is no evidence of the effect being higher during the bubble period.	None	None	None
None	None	The measurement of wool fibre properties and their effect on worsted processing performance and product quality. Part 1: The objective measurement of wool fibre properties	Botha A.F., Hunter L.	2010	Textile Progress	42	4	10.1080/00405167.2010.486932	CSIR Materials Science and Manufacturing, Fibres and Textiles Industrial Support Centre, PO Box 1124, Port Elizabeth 6000, South Africa; Department of Textile Science, Faculty of Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa	Botha, A.F., CSIR Materials Science and Manufacturing, Fibres and Textiles Industrial Support Centre, PO Box 1124, Port Elizabeth 6000, South Africa; Hunter, L., CSIR Materials Science and Manufacturing, Fibres and Textiles Industrial Support Centre, PO Box 1124, Port Elizabeth 6000, South Africa, Department of Textile Science, Faculty of Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa	The world has moved away from subjective appraisal of raw wool characteristics and has entered an era of objective measurement and specification, and the raw wool trade is rapidly moving towards sale by total description which necessitates the accurate, rapid and cost effective measurement of all the raw wool characteristics important in determining price, textile performance and end-use. The development and availability of new technologies and equipment have enabled the objective measurement of many more raw wool characteristics than was possible in the past. Over the past few decades, a considerable amount of research has been carried out worldwide on the effect of the raw wool characteristics on topmaking and spinning performance, as well as on yarn properties. This was done in order to gain a better understanding of, and to quantify, the effects of fibre and processing parameters on processing behaviour and performance and on the properties of the top and yarn and even the fabric. An important aim of the research was to improve the processing of wool and the productivity and cost effectiveness of the various processing stages. This research led to a better understanding of which raw wool characteristics influence textile processing behaviour and performance, as well as the product quality and end-use performance, and ultimately the raw wool price. On the basis of this, technologies and instruments were developed and commercialised for measuring the key raw wool characteristics rapidly, accurately and cost effectively. In parallel to this, the associated test methods were developed and standardised largely under the umbrella of the IWTO, many of these being adopted and used in raw wool marketing and trading worldwide. This review covers the research and development carried out over more than half a century on the development and standardisation of technologies, instruments and test methods for the measurement of those characteristics determining the price and textile quality of raw wool and which are therefore important in terms of the global marketing and trading of raw wool. Research and development in this field is still continuing, but at a much lower intensity and pace than during the second half of the previous century. © 2010 The Textile Institute.	coarse edge; coloured fibres; dark fibres; fibre crimp; fibre curvature; fibre diameter; fibre length; Hauteur; medullated fibres; pigmented fibres; raw wool properties; resistance to compression; staple crimp; staple length; staple strength; vegetable ma	None	None
None	None	Evaluation of essential oils as seed treatment for the control of xanthomonas spp. associated with the bacterial leaf spot of tomato in Tanzania	Mbega E.R., Mabagala R.B., Mortensen C.N., Wulff E.G.	2012	Journal of Plant Pathology	94	2	None	Danish Seed Health Centre for Developing Countries, Department of Agriculture and Ecology, University of Copenhagen, Hoejbakkegaard, Allé 13, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark; African Seed Health Centre, Department of Crop Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O.BOX 3005, Morogoro, Tanzania	Mbega, E.R., Danish Seed Health Centre for Developing Countries, Department of Agriculture and Ecology, University of Copenhagen, Hoejbakkegaard, Allé 13, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark, African Seed Health Centre, Department of Crop Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O.BOX 3005, Morogoro, Tanzania; Mabagala, R.B., African Seed Health Centre, Department of Crop Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O.BOX 3005, Morogoro, Tanzania; Mortensen, C.N., Danish Seed Health Centre for Developing Countries, Department of Agriculture and Ecology, University of Copenhagen, Hoejbakkegaard, Allé 13, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark; Wulff, E.G., Danish Seed Health Centre for Developing Countries, Department of Agriculture and Ecology, University of Copenhagen, Hoejbakkegaard, Allé 13, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark	Bacterial leaf spot (BLS) caused by Xanthomonas spp. is a serious and a major constraint to tomato production worldwide. The seed-borne nature of BLS, the complex nature of the disease, which is caused by different bacterial species and the current ineffective control measures have made the evaluation of alternative control compounds for seed treatment necessary. Therefore, the efficacy of 11 essential oils applied as seed treatments to control Xanthomonas perforans in tomato and the effect on seed germination and seedling growth was evaluated. Seed treatment with oils of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globules Labill.), rosemary (Rosmarinus of-ficinalis L.) and niaouli (Melaleuca viridiflora Sol. ex Gaertn.) at 2% concentration inhibited the growth of X. perforans in the in vitro assays and consistently reduced the incidence and severity of BLS in planta tests. Negative effects on seed germination and seedling growth were not observed when tomato seeds were treated with the essential oils of eucalyptus and rosemary. Therefore, eucalyptus and rosemary oils can be used for seed treatment to control BLS in tomato. Further investigation is required on the shelf life of these oils, mode of action and their effects on other seed-borne pathogens of tomato and in other crop systems in Tanzania.	Bacterial disease; Control; Essential oils; Seed treatment; Xanthomonads	None	None
WoS	WOS:000324601100001	Situational analysis and expert evaluation of the nutrition and health status of infants and young children in five countries in sub-Saharan Africa	Ake-Tano, Odile,Alles, Martine,Diouf, Saliou,Eussen, Simone,Lakati, Alice,Mauras, Celine,Oduwole, Abiola,Tanya, Agatha	2013	FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN	34	3	None	Danone, University of Lagos, University of Yaounde I, AMREF, Inst Pediat Social UCAD	"Alles, Martine: Danone","Eussen, Simone: Danone","Mauras, Celine: Danone","Oduwole, Abiola: University of Lagos","Tanya, Agatha: University of Yaounde I",	Background. The poor feeding practices of pregnant women, infants, and young children contribute to the burden of malnutrition and subsequently to childhood morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Gaining insight into the nutritional and health status of infants and young children will help to focus future nutrition programs and actions. Objective. To assess the nutrition and health status of infants and young children in five sub-Saharan African countries: Ivory Coast, Senegal, Cameroon, Kenya, and Nigeria. Methods. Published and gray literature was critically reviewed and enriched with the views of local experts from academia, hospitals, and institutions to assess infants' and children's diet and health in the five sub-Saharan African countries. Subsequently, the Africa Nutriday Conference was held in Senegal in November 2011 to further discuss key challenges, action plans, and recommendations for future research. Results. This review highlighted the need for education of parents and healthcare professionals in order to increase their knowledge of breastfeeding, vaccination programs, and over- and undernutrition. An integrated health and nutrition surveillance is needed both to identify micronutrient deficiencies and to recognize early signs of overweight. These data will help to adapt nutrition education and food fortification programs to the target populations. Conclusions. Different countries in sub-Saharan Africa face similar nutrition and health issues and are currently not sharing best practices, nutrition programs, and scientific studies optimally. There is a need for closer collaboration among scientists within and between countries.	breastfeeding,CHILDREN,"HEALTH STATUS",INFANTS,NUTRITION,PREGNANCY,"SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA","FEEDING PRACTICES",INTERVENTIONS,KENYA,OBESITY,POLICIES,"PROGRAMMATIC ACTIVITIES",SAHEL,SENEGAL,UNDERNUTRITION	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84906094429	Sheep reproductive performance and lamb survivability under mature oil palm	Larbi E., Anim-Okyere S., Danso F., Danso I., Marfo-Ahenkora E.	2014	Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology	7	23	None	CSIR-Oil Palm Research Institute, P.O. Box 74, Kade, Ghana; CSIR-Animal Research Institute, P.O. Box AH 20, Achimota, Accra, Ghana	Larbi, E., CSIR-Oil Palm Research Institute, P.O. Box 74, Kade, Ghana; Anim-Okyere, S., CSIR-Oil Palm Research Institute, P.O. Box 74, Kade, Ghana; Danso, F., CSIR-Oil Palm Research Institute, P.O. Box 74, Kade, Ghana; Danso, I., CSIR-Oil Palm Research Institute, P.O. Box 74, Kade, Ghana; Marfo-Ahenkora, E., CSIR-Animal Research Institute, P.O. Box AH 20, Achimota, Accra, Ghana	The study examines the seasonal reproductive performance of sheep reared under oil palm plantation and the subsequent survival of lambs up to weaning age. On-station studies were carried out from 2007 to 2010 at CSIR-Oil Palm Research Institute, Kusi (001.45 W, 0600 N and 150 m above sea level). The average total rainfall is about 1600 mm/annum with average daily maximum temperature of 32±2oC. Sheep productivity (% lambing, litter size per ewe, survival rate, monthly birth and death rates) were the variables measured. An annual average of 58 ewes and 4 lambs were used. Results show that while lambing rate was 98%, lamb survival was 63.84%. This implies that almost two-fifth of yearly reproduction was lost to mortality with significantly large number of lambs dying in August. Though there was high percentage of lambing, this was offset by high mortality of lambs. © Maxwell Scientific Organization, 2014.	Lamb mortality; Lamb survivability; Oil palm sheep-integration; Sheep productivity	None	CSIR, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
Scopus	2-s2.0-84924346211	Impact of NERICA adoption on incomes of rice-producing households in Northern Ghana	Wiredu A.N., Asante B.O., Martey E., Diagne A., Dogbe W.	2014	Journal of Sustainable Development	7	1	10.5539/jsd.v7n1p167	CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Nyankpala, Ghana; Rural Development Theory and Policy, Institute of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences in Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany; CSIR-Crops Research Institute, Ghana; UNE Business School, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia; Africa Rice Centre (AfricaRice), Cotonou, Benin	Wiredu, A.N., CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Nyankpala, Ghana, Rural Development Theory and Policy, Institute of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences in Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany; Asante, B.O., CSIR-Crops Research Institute, Ghana, UNE Business School, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia; Martey, E., CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Nyankpala, Ghana; Diagne, A., Africa Rice Centre (AfricaRice), Cotonou, Benin; Dogbe, W., CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Nyankpala, Ghana	The Multinational NERICA Rice Dissemination Project in Ghana promoted the adoption of NERICA varieties and complementary technologies. NERICA adoption was expected to increase rice production and the incomes of beneficiary households. This study assessed the impact of NERICA adoption on the incomes of rice-producing households in northern Ghana. With data from a cross-section of 150 systematically selected rice-producing households, the study revealed 36.7% adoption rate. Agriculture and rice production were the most important livelihood activities as they contributed 80% and 55.09% of total household income respectively. To control for endogeneity, the study used the local average treatment effect (LATE) estimation methodology and showed that NERICA adoption significantly increased rice income, agricultural income, per-capita income and total annual income by $196.52, $446.37, $0.44 and $498.44, respectively. The major recommendation from this study is the need to continue the promotion of the NERICA varieties by creating access to seeds of the varieties together with other productivity enhancing technologies. Efforts should be focused on the provision of marketing and roads infrastructure to induce access to input and product markets.	Adoption; Ghana; Impact; Income; Late; Nerica	None	CSIR, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
Scopus	2-s2.0-84934290452	Modeling impact of climate change on water resources and agriculture demand in the Volta Basin and other basin systems in Ghana	Amisigo B.A., McCluskey A., Swanson R.	2015	Sustainability (Switzerland)	7	6	10.3390/su7066957	CSIR-Water Research Institute, P.O. Box AH38, Achimota, Accra, Ghana; Engineering Management, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; Civil Engineering, University of Colorado, 352 Summer Ave., Reading, MA, United States	Amisigo, B.A., CSIR-Water Research Institute, P.O. Box AH38, Achimota, Accra, Ghana; McCluskey, A., Engineering Management, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; Swanson, R., Civil Engineering, University of Colorado, 352 Summer Ave., Reading, MA, United States	An assessment of the impacts of projected climate change on water availability and crop production in the Volta Basin and the southwestern and coastal basin systems of Ghana has been undertaken as a component of the impacts and adaptation study for Ghana by UNU-WIDER and the University of Ghana. Four climate change scenarios were considered in addition to a reference (no change) scenario-two dry and two wet scenarios. To conduct the analysis, a portion of a special framework using three water models was used; the framework is called the Strategic Analysis of Climate resilient Development (SACReD). First, the CliRun water balance model was used to simulate catchment runoffs using projected rainfall and temperature under the scenarios. Second, climate impacts on yields of the economically important Ghana crops were modeled using the AquaCrop software. Third, the Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) software was used for the water allocation modeling. The results show that all water demands (municipal, hydropower, and agriculture) cannot be simultaneously met currently, or under any of the scenarios used, including the wet scenarios. This calls for an evaluation of groundwater as an additional source of water supply and an integrated water resources management plan in the catchments to balance demand with supply and ensure sustainable socio-economic development. In addition, the AquaCrop model forecasts negative impacts for the crop yields studied, with some crops and regions seeing larger impacts than others. © 2015 by the authors.	Agriculture; Climate change; Ghana; Water resources	None	None
WoS	WOS:000318962000001	Advancing the theory and practice of impact assessment: Setting the research agenda	Bond, Alan,Morrison-Saunders, Angus,Pope, Jenny,Retief, Francois	2013	ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REVIEW	41	None	10.1016/j.eiar.2013.01.008	Curtin University, Murdoch University, North West University - South Africa, University of East Anglia, Integral Sustainabil	"Retief, Francois: North West University - South Africa",	Impact assessment has been in place for over 40 years and is now practised in some form in all but two of the world's nations. In this paper we reflect on the state of the art of impact assessment theory and practice, focusing on six well-established forms: EIA, SEA, policy assessment, SIA, HIA and sustainability assessment. We note that although the fundamentals of impact assessment have their roots in the US National Environmental Policy Act 1969 (NEPA) each branch of the field is distinct in also drawing on other theoretical and conceptual bases that in turn shape the prevailing discourse in each case, generating increasing degrees of specialisation within each sub-field. Against this backdrop, we consider the strengths and weaknesses of collective impact assessment practice, concluding that although there are substantial strengths, the plethora of specialist branches is generating a somewhat confusing picture and lack of clarity regarding how the pieces of the impact assessment jigsaw puzzle fit together. We use this review to suggest an overarching research agenda that will enable impact assessment to evolve in line with changing expectations for what it should deliver. (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.	EIA,"IMPACT ASSESSMENT",RESEARCH,"STATE OF THE ART","ASSESSMENT SEA PRACTICE",EIA,MANAGEMENT,PARTICIPATION,PERSPECTIVES,POLICY-MAKING,REFLECTIONS,SOUTH-AFRICA,"STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT","SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT"	None	None
WoS	WOS:000323242100002	Who views what? Impact assessment through the eyes of farmers, development organization staff and researchers	Cosyns, Hannes,De Wulf, Robert,Van Damme, Patrick	2013	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND WORLD ECOLOGY	20	4	10.1080/13504509.2013.806372	Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Ghent University, World Agroforestry Ctr ICRAF GRP 1	"Cosyns, Hannes: Ghent University","De Wulf, Robert: Ghent University",	The present study assesses the impact of a rural development project on farmers' livelihoods, as perceived by farmers, development organization staff and researchers. The project concerned, aimed to increase small-scale farmers' financial benefits by promoting the commercialization of Ricinodendron heudelotii (Baill.) Pierre ex Pax kernels (njansang) in Cameroon. The three parties evaluated the impacts of the project, over the 2005-2010 period, through indicators embedded in the Sustainable Livelihood Framework (natural, financial, human, social and physical assets). Project households were compared with control households. Results show that farmers' and development organization staff's views were aligned regarding the relative importance of the indicators to measure success (with overlaps &gt; 85%). The three stakeholders evaluated changes of farmers' livelihood indicators over the 2005-2010 period on 5-point Likert items. All three stated that most indicators improved significantly more in project than in control households (p &lt; 0.001). Development organization staff probably overestimated changes induced by project interventions as they perceived significantly larger changes as compared with farmers and researchers (p &lt; 0.05). Our study highlights the differences between impact perceived by farmers, development organization staff and researchers and helps to build the knowledge base of the potential and reliability of participatory evaluation approaches. Furthermore, an approach to assess impacts on people's livelihood is proposed, combining the strengths of participatory evaluation with those of classic evaluation methods.	COMMERCIALIZATION,"LIKERT SCALE",participatory,Ricinodendron,"RURAL DEVELOPMENT","Sustainable livelihood framework",ACCURACY,CAMEROON,COMMERCIALIZATION,LIVELIHOOD,MANAGEMENT,"STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION","SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT",SYSTEMS,"TIMBER FOREST PROD	None	None
WoS	WOS:000312954300012	Measuring social accountability in health professional education: Development and international pilot testing of an evaluation framework	Buso, David,Larkins, Sarah L.,Lindemann, Iris C.,Matte, Marie C.,Neusy, Andre-Jacques,Palsdottir, Bjorg,Preston, Robyn,Ross, Simone J.,Samson, Rex,Tandinco, Filedito D.,THEnet	2013	MEDICAL TEACHER	35	1	10.3109/0142159X.2012.731106	Dalhousie University, Flinders University South Australia, James Cook University, Ateneo de Zamboanga Univ, No Ontario Sch Med, Univ Philippines, Walter Sisulu University of Technology & Science	"Larkins, Sarah L.: James Cook University","Lindemann, Iris C.: Flinders University South Australia",	Background: Health professional schools are responsible for producing graduates with competencies and attitudes to address health inequities and respond to priority health needs. Health professional schools striving towards social accountability founded the Training for Health Equity Network (THEnet). Aim: This article describes the development of THEnet evaluation framework for socially accountable health professional education, presents the framework to be used as a tool by other schools and discusses the findings of pilot implementation at five schools. Methods: The framework was designed collaboratively and built on Boelen and Woollard's conceptualization, production and usability model. It includes key components, linked to aspirational statements, indicators and suggested measurement tools. Five schools completed pilot implementation, involving workshops, document/data review and focus group discussions with faculty, students and community members. Results: Three sections of the framework consider: How does our school work?; What do we do? and What difference do we make? Pilot testing proved that the evaluation framework was acceptable and feasible across contexts and produced findings useful at school level and to compare schools. The framework is designed as a formative exercise to help schools take a critical look at their performance and progress towards social accountability. Initiatives to implement the framework more widely are underway. The framework effectively aids in identifying strengths, weaknesses and gaps, with a view to schools striving for continuous self-improvement. Conclusion: THEnet evaluation framework is applicable and useful across contexts. It is possible and desirable to assess progress towards social accountability in health professional schools and this is an important step in producing health professionals with knowledge, attitudes, and skills to meet the challenges of priority health needs of underserved populations.	None	None	None
None	None	Does globalisation impact SME development in Africa?	Mutalemwa D.K.	2015	African Journal of Economic and Management Studies	6	2	10.1108/AJEMS-01-2015-0012	Dar-es-Salaam Campus College, Mzumbe University, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania	Mutalemwa, D.K., Dar-es-Salaam Campus College, Mzumbe University, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania	Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to increase understanding and knowledge of the impact of globalisation on African small and medium enterprise (SME) development. The contribution of SMEs to manufacturing industrialisation can be viewed in the context of the changing setting of globalisation. Globalisation is a description as well as a prescription. It can be broadly defined as closer economic integration as a result of rapid advances in technology, growth of world trade and competition, and policy changes towards economic liberalisation. Globalisation can also pose a challenge on how SMEs in Africa should brace themselves to respond to – and take advantages of – the changes, and carve an appropriate position in the global competitive economy. Design/methodology/approach – The paper reviews and synthesises the eclectic literature and also draws from the experiences of both developed and developing economies. Findings – The evidence from the literature points to several stumbling blocks that prevent African manufacturing SMEs from participating successfully in the global economy. These include problems with exports, technology, competitiveness and inter-firm linkages as well as barriers in the institutional and policy environments. Originality/value – The paper will be useful to businesses, researchers, policy makers, civil society and others interested in understanding the impact of globalisation on manufacturing SME development. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Africa; Globalization; Industrialization; SMEs	None	None
WoS	WOS:000345143900001	Impact of implementing performance-based financing on childhood malnutrition in Rwanda	Binagwaho, Agnes,Bizimana, Jean de Dieu,Condo, Jeanine,Forrest, Jamie I.,Kanters, Steve,Karema, Corine,Ngabo, Fidele,Wagner, Claire	2014	BMC PUBLIC HEALTH	14	None	10.1186/1471-2458-14-1132	Dartmouth College, Harvard University, The World Bank, University of British Columbia, University of Rwanda, Global Hlth Delivery Partnership, Govt Rwanda, RBC	"Bizimana, Jean de Dieu: The World Bank","Condo, Jeanine: University of Rwanda","Forrest, Jamie I.: University of British Columbia","Kanters, Steve: University of British Columbia",	Background: Malnutrition remains a serious concern in Rwanda, particularly among children under-5 years. Performance-based financing (PBF), an innovative health systems financing strategy, has been implemented at the national level since 2008. This study aimed to assess the impact of PBF and other factors associated with the prevalence of three classifications of malnutrition (stunting, wasting and underweight) in children under-5 years in Rwanda. Methods: The study is a cross-sectional study comprising of 713 children under five years old from 557 households, whose anthropometric measurements (height, weight and age) had been obtained as part of the 2008 Rwanda General Health and HIV household survey. Z-scores for height-for-age, weight-for-age, weight-for-height, and body mass index-for-age were analyzed according to the World Health Organization 2006 Child Growth Standards. Random intercept logistic regression models were used to regress each anthropometric measure (WAZ, HAZ and WHZ) against child, maternal and household characteristics. Results: Child participants ranged in age from 0 to 60 months, 20.2% of children were under 12 months and 5.1% were HIV positive. The prevalence of wasting was 8.8%; of stunting was 58.4%; and of underweight status was 20.7%. Maternal emotional and social wellbeing was protective of wasting in children under-5 years of age. Living in districts implementing PBF was protective of wasting (Adjusted Odds Ratio: 0.43; 95% confidence interval: 0.19-0.97). Living in a district with PBF was not found to be associated with either stunting or underweight status among children under-5. Conclusions: PBF may have a protective association with particular forms of malnutrition among children under-5 years in Rwanda. These findings warrant further investigation in relation to the impact of implementing innovative financing schemes on health outcomes.	"CHILD HEALTH",HIV/AIDS,MALNUTRITION,"MATERNAL HEALTH","Performance-based financing",COUNTRIES,GROWTH,HEALTH,"HIGH HIV PREVALENCE",INFANTS,MORTALITY,RISK-FACTORS,UGANDA,UNDERNUTRITION,YOUNG-CHILDREN	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867365953	Impacts of tsetse challenge on herd composition and mortality, lactation and reproductive performance of cattle in Dawuro Zone of Southern Region, Ethiopia	Tigicho T., Belihu K., Terefe G.	2012	Revue de Medecine Veterinaire	163	42591	None	Dawuro Zone Agricultural Department, Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Regional State, Ethiopia; National Livestock Consultant, FAO-Ethiopia-DRRU, Awash Field Office, P.O.Box: 5536, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Department of Pathology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box. 34, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia	Tigicho, T., Dawuro Zone Agricultural Department, Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Regional State, Ethiopia; Belihu, K., National Livestock Consultant, FAO-Ethiopia-DRRU, Awash Field Office, P.O.Box: 5536, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Terefe, G., Department of Pathology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box. 34, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia	The study was conducted in southern Ethiopia to compare herd composition, mortality, milk yield and reproductive performance of cattle in tsetse-challenged and tsetse-free areas. Questionnaire surveys were made with 156 households, and 30 pre-partum cows were selected for a follow-up study on milk yield and occurrence of the first postpartum heat. Accordingly, whereas the herd size was not significantly modified, the proportions of female calves and lactating or dry pregnant cows were significantly higher and those of dry non pregnant cows significantly lowered in the tsetse free areas than in the challenged ones. Cows in the tsetse affected areas exhibited significantly lower average milk yield and lactation length as well as significantly reduced reproductive performance (increases in the age at first calving, in the calving interval and in the number of services for conception). Additionally, the mortality rates for the whole herd and for each production type were dramatically increased in the tsetse challenged areas. It can be concluded that tsetse-challenge and associated trypanosomiasis seriously affect herd composition and performances of cattle in the Dawuro Zone.	Cattle; Herd composition; Milk yield; Mortality; Reproductive performance; Trypanosomiasis; Tsetse challenge	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77955820304	The impact of geographic expansion on intended identity of an organisation	Spittal R.D., Abratt R.	2009	Journal of General Management	35	3	None	Dean, School of Graduate and Continuing Studies, Olivet Nazarene University, Illinois, United States; Huizenga School of Business and Entrepreneurship, Nova Southeastern University, Florida, United States; Wits Business School, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Spittal, R.D., Dean, School of Graduate and Continuing Studies, Olivet Nazarene University, Illinois, United States; Abratt, R., Huizenga School of Business and Entrepreneurship, Nova Southeastern University, Florida, United States, Wits Business School, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	As organisations grow and expand past their operational headquarters, individual branches may reflect a different identity than that of the headquarters. The question then is, 'Is senior management able to transcend geographical boundaries and communicate the identity that has shaped their strategy for the organisation?.' The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of geographical expansion on the reflected perceptions of internal stakeholders related to the organisation's intended identity as defined by the senior management. The authors review the literature on identity in relation to image and reputation in order to seek answers to this question. The paper concludes with four propositions that need to be tested empirically in the future.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84893974628	Evaluation of the adaptability and response of indigenous trees to assisted rehabilitation on the degraded hillsides of Kuriftu Lake Catchment (Debre Zeit, Ethiopia)	Gebretsadik W.	2014	Journal of Forestry Research	25	1	10.1007/s11676-013-0398-x	Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center (DZARC), P.O.box-32, Debre zeit, Ethiopia	Gebretsadik, W., Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center (DZARC), P.O.box-32, Debre zeit, Ethiopia	Removal of trees and shrubs from hillsides exposes a site to erosion that threatens soil aggregation and stability. The present study aimed at evaluating the performance of five indigenous tree species in rehabilitation of degraded hillsides of Kuriftu Lake Catchment and the role of water harvesting structures. Adaptability varied by tree species and water harvesting structures significantly augmented seedling establishment for some tree species. Height of Acacia abyssinica planted on steeper slopes (18%-27%) without infiltration pits was lower than for conspecifics planted with infiltration pits. Dodonaea angustifolia was proved to be best adapted to the site and showed no need for water harvesting regardless of planting position across the degraded hillside. Planting of Acacia seyal should be restricted to gentler slopes (0-17%) with infiltration pits: tree height declined significantly on steep slopes without infiltration pits. Olea africana performed better on gentle slopes with pits but also grew well on steeper slopes with pits. Euclea schimperi was proved to be least effective of the species evaluated in this study. © 2014 Northeast Forestry University and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.	Infiltration pits; Kuriftu Lake catchment; water harvesting	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84930338805	Genetic parameter estimation and evaluation of duroc boars for feed efficiency and component traits	MacNeil M.D., Kemp R.A.	2015	Canadian Journal of Animal Science	95	2	10.4141/CJAS-2014-089	Delta G, 145 Ice Cave Rd., Miles City, MT, United States; Animal and Grassland Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; RAK Genetic Consulting Ltd, 54 Coachwood Point W, Lethbridge, AB, Canada	MacNeil, M.D., Delta G, 145 Ice Cave Rd., Miles City, MT, United States, Animal and Grassland Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Kemp, R.A., RAK Genetic Consulting Ltd, 54 Coachwood Point W, Lethbridge, AB, Canada	MacNeil, M. D. and Kemp, R. A. 2015. Genetic parameter estimation and evaluation of Duroc boars for feed efficiency and component traits. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 155-159. The objective of this research was to produce a genetic evaluation for traits related to feed efficiency of Duroc boars. Meeting this objective required partitioning phenotypic (co)variance into additive genetic and environmental components for feed intake and traits indicative of growth and body composition. Boars (N=3291) were housed in group pens of 22 to 24 animals with two electronic feeders per pen and feed intake was recorded for 8 to 14 wk. Body weight was recorded for each boar at the start and end of test, at approximately 100 kg and at up to three times during the test. The pedigree used contained sire and dam of each boar with at least one recorded phenotype (N=4651) and their maternal and paternal grandsires. Variance components were estimated by restricted maximum likelihood for animal models in a series of uni-variate and bi-variate analyses. Two multiple trait genetic evaluations were conducted to predict estimated breeding value for feed intake using animal models. The first evaluation included feed intake (h2=0.33±0.05), age at 100 kg (h2=0.31±0.04), and subcutaneous fat depth (h2=0.47±0.05). The second genetic evaluation included feed intake, average daily gain (h2=0.27±0.04), mid-test weight (h2=0.33±0.05), and subcutaneous fat depth. Genetic correlations of feed intake with age at 100 kg and fat depth were -0.80±0.05 and  0.57±0.08, respectively. Estimated breeding values for measures of feed efficiency (residual feed intake and residual gain) were calculated from the results of the second analysis and the associated additive genetic (co)variance components.	Feed efficiency; Production; Swine; Variance components	None	None
WoS	WOS:000204015300006	The impact of Internet usage: A case study of Delta State (Nigeria) tertiary institutions	Ekruyota, G. O.,Oroke, G. U.,Ureigho, R. J.	2006	SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND ESSAYS	1	2	None	Delta State Polytechn	None	The Internet is one of the greatest recent advancement in the world of information technology and has become a useful instrument that has fostered the process of making the world a global village. However, despite the added benefits of the Internet to learning, teaching and research, there is no provision of effective Internet services in most of the tertiary institutions in Delta State. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the Internet for learning, teaching and research in institutions of higher learning in Delta State. Questionnaires were administered to students and staff in four tertiary institutions within the State. The results from the analysis of the responses showed that students and staff use Internet mainly for on-line chatting (24.89%) and e-mail (24.16%). The use of Internet as a source of research materials ranked third (23.21%). This study concludes that research would significantly improve through proper enlightenment, formal training on the use of Internet and provision of effective Internet services in tertiary institutions in Delta State.	E-MAIL,INSTITUTIONS,INTERNET,RESEARCH	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79960928987	Impact of information computer technology on primary health care services to rural communities in niger delta region of nigeria	Anie S.O.	2011	Library Philosophy and Practice	2011	MAY	None	Delta State Polytechnic, Ozoro, Delta State, Nigeria	Anie, S.O., Delta State Polytechnic, Ozoro, Delta State, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84860420828	The impact of gender on the use of the digital library at the University of Ibadan	Anie S.O.	2011	Library Philosophy and Practice	2011	JULY	None	Delta State Polytechnic, Ozoro, Delta State, Nigeria	Anie, S.O., Delta State Polytechnic, Ozoro, Delta State, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84904088064	Job motivation, job performance and gender relations in the broadcast sector in Nigeria	Ufuophu-Biri E., Iwu C.G.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	16	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n16p191	Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria; Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa	Ufuophu-Biri, E., Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria; Iwu, C.G., Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa	Within management scholarship, a common link has been established between motivation and job performance. This is based on the argument that high job motivation will likely lead to high job performance. Also, studies have argued that gender seems to play a significant role in employees' job motivation and job performance in some professions, especially in developing countries. Therefore determining if gender has any association to job motivation and performance in the broadcast sector in Delta State of Nigeria could lead to improvements in the workplace that will help broadcast staff to remain satisfied with their jobs. This was based on previous research that has linked job motivation and job performance to organisational commitment, turnover intentions and absenteeism. Data for this study was collected with the help of a questionnaire, which contained closed-ended, open-ended and Likert scaled questions. The sample of 600 respondents was selected through a multi-stage sampling procedure.The study found no significant correlation between gender and job motivation and job performance respectively.	Delta State; Digital broadcasting tools; Job motivation; Job performance; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-33746660810	Demographic impact of HIV/AIDS on the young and elderly populations in South Africa	Udjo E.O.	2006	Journal of Intergenerational Relationships	4	2	10.1300/J194v04n02_03	Demography Unit in the Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS, Health Program, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa	Udjo, E.O., Demography Unit in the Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS, Health Program, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa	Concomitant to demographic transition from high to low fertility and mortality is the structural change from a youthful to an ageing population. The change raises, among others, intergenerational demographic, economic and social issues, some of which have been perceived as problems. The HIV/AIDS epidemic poses additional challenges to policy makers in the provision of personal care and financial support as it may alter intergenerational relationships in the demand for services in transitional populations. The first HIV/AIDS case in South Africa was reported in 1981. Since then, HIV sero-prevalence as measured by women attending antenatal clinics has steadily increased in the country, and currently South Africa is one of the highest HIV prevalent countries in the world and in the African continent with sero-prevalence of 29.5% among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in 2004. In 2002, the Nelson Mandela Funds in collaboration with the Human Sciences Research Council carried out a national HIV prevalence, behavioural risks and mass media household survey. Only a few countries in the world have carried out such a national HIV prevalence survey. As an insight into the magnitude of some of the intergenerational relationships regarding HIV/AIDS, this study attempts to examine the demographic impact of HIV/AIDS on the young and elderly populations in South Africa's four main population groups (Africans, Coloureds, Indians and Whites). The study utilizes various national survey/census data, administrative records and HIV sero-prevalence data. The analysis is based on the cohort component method. The results show that demographic transition in South Africa has resulted in changes in the growth and structural characteristics of the population. Some of the results indicate that some of the changes are in opposite directions among the young and the elderly. AIDS compounds some of the trends. The changes have policy implications for intergenerational demands for services and relationships. © 2006 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.	Demographic impact of HIV/AIDS; HIV prevalence survey; Intergenerational relationships	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80054112742	Evaluation of post-operative sensitivity and secondary caries in posterior composite restorations: A12month study	Agbaje L.O., Shaba O.P., Adegbulugbe I.C.	2010	Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice	13	4	None	Dental Department, Lagos General Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria	Agbaje, L.O., Dental Department, Lagos General Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria; Shaba, O.P., Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria; Adegbulugbe, I.C., Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria	Objective: To evaluate post-operative sensitivity and secondary caries associated with posterior composite restoration. Materials and Methods: The study involved restoration of occlusal andproximo-occlusal caries on premolars and molars of 62 patients seen at the out-patient clinic of the restorative department of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. The restorations were completed with a micro-hybrid light curing resin composite (Unolux BCS, UnoDent, England). Following total etch procedure and use of a type 2 (5th generation/one-bottle) adhesive. The USPHSC or modified Ryge criteria was employed for direct evaluation of the restorations over the 12 month period. Results: Post-operative sensitivity was 3.5% Bravo at baseline and 1.7% Bravo at 12 months. No significant change in result was recorded for post-operative sensitivity at the end of the evaluation period. 100% was recorded for the absence of secondary caries throughout the evaluation period up till the 6th month when a failed restoration scored 1.7% Bravo. At 12 months Alpha scores for secondary caries was 98.3%. Conclusion: Post-operative sensitivity was kept to a minimum and there were no occurrences of secondary caries.	Composite Restoration; Posterior Teeth; Sensitivity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80054102848	Evaluation of the mechanical and physical properties of a posterior resin composite in posterior adult teeth	Agbaje L.O., Shaba O.P., Adegbulugbe I.C.	2010	Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice	13	4	None	Dental Department, Lagos General Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria	Agbaje, L.O., Dental Department, Lagos General Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria; Shaba, O.P., Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria; Adegbulugbe, I.C., Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria	Objective: To evaluate the mechanical and physical properties of a micro-hybrid resin composite used in adult posterior restorations Materials and Methods: A micro-hybrid, light curing resin composite Unolux BCS Composite Restorative, (UnoDent, England) was used to restore 74 carious classes I and II cavities on posterior teeth of 62 adult patients. The restorations were evaluated immediately following placement (Baseline), at 1 week, 3months, 6months and 12months using the United States Public Health Service Criteria/Modified Ryge criteria for direct evaluation. Color matching, marginal stains and adaptation, wear and surface texture were evaluated. Ranging from best to the worst, the ratings were, Alfa, Bravo and Charlie. Results: 58 restorations were available for review at the 12th month evaluation, 15 patients bearing 21.6% of the restorations were lost to recall. Colour match scores were 89.6% Alpha at baseline and 74.1% at 12-month review. Marginal staining were 100% Alpha at baseline and 98.3% Alpha at the end of the evaluation period. Marginal adaptation at baseline was 100% Alpha this value dropped to 94.8% by the 12th month. Anatomical wear scores were 100% Alpha at baseline and scores dropped to 93.1% at the 12-month evaluation. At baseline, Alpha scores for Surface texture were 100%. A drop in Alpha scores to 93.1% at the first week review was maintained till the 12 month. Conclusion: Carefully controlled placement of micro-hybrid resin composite using the total etch and type 2 (one-bottle) adhesive can produce satisfactory posterior restorations on permanent teeth.	Composite adult teeth; Evaluation; Posterior resin; Properties	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84859819106	Measuring the impact of trade finance on country trade flows: A South African perspective	Kohler M., Saville A.	2011	South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences	14	4	None	Deparment of Economics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa; Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Kohler, M., Deparment of Economics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa; Saville, A., Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa	Trade finance (or short-term credit) plays a crucial role in facilitating international trade yet is particularly vulnerable to financial crises as banks increase the pricing on all trade finance transactions to cover increased funding costs and higher credit risks. Whereas South Africa's financial institutions largely managed to strengthen their capital positions during the global financial crisis, the country's trade flows and access to capital (in particular trade finance and its costs) were hard hit by the crisis. Little is known about the extent of shortages or 'gaps' in trade finance and the impact of this on South Africa's recent trade performance. Whilst our research recognises that access to trade finance is not the main cause of South Africa's trade contraction, our research suggests that all else equal, a one percentage point increase in the interbank lending rate of our trade partner could reduce exports by approximately ten per cent.	Crisis; Exports; Trade finance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953725149	Evaluation of the 137Cs activity-depth profiles by the diffusion-convection model	Ajayi I.R., Raji A.T.	2010	International Journal of Physical Sciences	5	2	None	Deparment of Physics and Electronics, Adekunle Ajasin University Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria; Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, South Africa	Ajayi, I.R., Deparment of Physics and Electronics, Adekunle Ajasin University Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria; Raji, A.T., Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, South Africa	The diffusion-convection model of 137Cs transport has been used to evaluate the activity-depth profiles of soils in southwestern Nigeria in this study. The experimentally determined depth profiles were fitted into the diffusion-convection equation to obtain the diffusion coefficient D and the convective velocity u. Results obtained showed that the range of the diffusion coefficient was 0.72 - 1.02 cm2 per year while that of the convective velocity was from 0.07 to 0.16 cm per year. It was observed that the diffusion coefficient is higher than the convective velocity in all the sampling points. The low convective velocities obtained in all the locations may imply that convective rates of the radionuclide within the soil layers are insignificant compared to the diffusion rates. © 2010 Academic Journals.	137Cs activity; Convective velocity; Diffusion coefficient; Radionuclide; Soil depth	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84920111703	Identifying talented young soccer players: Conditional, anthropometrical and physiological characteristics as predictors of performance	Bidaurrazaga-Letona I., Lekue J.A., Amado M., Santos-Concejero J., Gil S.M.	2015	RICYDE: Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte	11	39	10.5232/ricyde2015.03906	Departamento de Educación Física y Deportiva, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU, Spain; Athletic Club Bilbao, País Vasco, Spain; Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa	Bidaurrazaga-Letona, I., Departamento de Educación Física y Deportiva, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU, Spain; Lekue, J.A., Athletic Club Bilbao, País Vasco, Spain; Amado, M., Athletic Club Bilbao, País Vasco, Spain; Santos-Concejero, J., Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Gil, S.M., Departamento de Educación Física y Deportiva, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU, Spain	The aim of this study was to provide the profile of elite young soccer players. Fifty-five players of the Under-14 category of Athletic Club Bilbao participated in this study. Players were classified into 4 playing positions: forwards (n=30), midfielders (n=15), defenders (n=37) and goalkeepers (n=15). Complete anthropometry, chronological age (CA), age at peak height velocity, 15-m sprint test, agility test, Yo-yo IT level 1 (Yo-yo IR1), counter-movement jump and hand dynamometry were measured. Results were transformed into z-scores and summed up to make two performance composites (SCORE and SCOREHG). One-way analysis of variance and a Bonferroni posthoc test were used to examine the differences between playing positions. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to estimate the contribution of independent variables to performance indicators. Significant differences were observed between playing positions in body mass and height (P<0.05); CA, maturity offset and muscle % (P<0.01); sum of skinfolds, fat %, endomorphy, sprint and agility tests (P<0.001). Stepwise regression analysis revealed that the CA and sum of skinfolds were the most important predictors of performance. Collectively, playing positions were characterised by specific anthropometrical characteristics whereas no significant positional differences were observed in performance. This study provides further insight concerning coaches' practice of selecting young soccer players because of physical advantages. However, other components like technical and tactical skills, cognitive and psychological factors may be important to excel in soccer.	Maturation; Position; Talent identification; Youth soccer	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84931269184	Diversity of honey stores and their impact on pathogenic bacteria of the honeybee, Apis mellifera	Erler S., Denner A., Bobiş O., Forsgren E., Moritz R.F.A.	2014	Ecology and Evolution	4	20	10.1002/ece3.1252	Departamentul de Apicultură şi Sericicultură, Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Institut für Biologie, Molekulare Ökologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 4, Halle, Germany; Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7044, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Erler, S., Departamentul de Apicultură şi Sericicultură, Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Institut für Biologie, Molekulare Ökologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 4, Halle, Germany; Denner, A., Departamentul de Apicultură şi Sericicultură, Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Institut für Biologie, Molekulare Ökologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 4, Halle, Germany; Bobiş, O., Departamentul de Apicultură şi Sericicultură, Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Forsgren, E., Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7044, Uppsala, Sweden; Moritz, R.F.A., Departamentul de Apicultură şi Sericicultură, Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Institut für Biologie, Molekulare Ökologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 4, Halle, Germany, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Honeybee colonies offer an excellent environment for microbial pathogen development. The highest virulent, colony killing, bacterial agents are Paenibacillus larvae causing American foulbrood (AFB), and European foulbrood (EFB) associated bacteria. Besides the innate immune defense, honeybees evolved behavioral defenses to combat infections. Foraging of antimicrobial plant compounds plays a key role for this "social immunity" behavior. Secondary plant metabolites in floral nectar are known for their antimicrobial effects. Yet, these compounds are highly plant specific, and the effects on bee health will depend on the floral origin of the honey produced. As worker bees not only feed themselves, but also the larvae and other colony members, honey is a prime candidate acting as self-medication agent in honeybee colonies to prevent or decrease infections. Here, we test eight AFB and EFB bacterial strains and the growth inhibitory activity of three honey types. Using a high-throughput cell growth assay, we show that all honeys have high growth inhibitory activity and the two monofloral honeys appeared to be strain specific. The specificity of the monofloral honeys and the strong antimicrobial potential of the polyfloral honey suggest that the diversity of honeys in the honey stores of a colony may be highly adaptive for its "social immunity" against the highly diverse suite of pathogens encountered in nature. This ecological diversity may therefore operate similar to the well-known effects of host genetic variance in the arms race between host and parasite. © 2014 The Authors.	Paenibacillus larvae; American foulbrood; Antimicrobial activity; Disease ecology; European foulbrood; Host-parasite interaction; Self-medication	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84867061211	A preliminary impact study of a university, school and private sector partnership project: Hope for disadvantaged students through mentorships [N Voorlopige impakstudie van 'n vennootskapsprojek tussen universiteit, skole en die privaat sektor: Hoop vir b	Le Cordeur M.	2012	Tydskrif vir Geesteswetenskappe	52	3	None	Departement Kurrikulumstudie (Afrikaans), Fakulteit Opvoedkunde, Universiteit Stellenbosch, South Africa	Le Cordeur, M., Departement Kurrikulumstudie (Afrikaans), Fakulteit Opvoedkunde, Universiteit Stellenbosch, South Africa	Successful access to higher education for black students in particular remains a challenge to all tertiary institutions in South Africa. This is the opinion of Prof. Russel Botman, Rector of Stellenbosch University (SU). It is therefore of concern that the SU strategic framework document (SU 2010a) states that the increase in our country's student population projected by the National Commission for Higher Education in 1997 (DBO 1997) has not been attained. This is in contrast with the University's vision for the future, which commits itself to an academic institution of excellence and a respected knowledge partner that contributes towards the development of South Africa and welcomes a diversity of people and ideas. But according to a report by the Centre for Higher Education Transformation (CHET) 1 little demographic transformation had occurred in respect of who participates in higher education. This is an indication that black students' chances of gaining access to university have in fact decreased. Despite this authorities continue to insist that the percentage of black students in public higher-education institutions be increased. The Ministry's vision is of a transformed, democratic, non-racial and non-sexist system of higher education that will promote equity of access and fair chances of success to all who are seeking to realise their potential through higher education (DBO 1997). The Vice-Rector of SU (Fourie 2009b:16) expands on this: "Besides the moral-ethical considerations, pressure is also being placed on universities by higher education policy to diversify their student and staff compositions and to remove measures that could exclude certain groupings". Stellenbosch University is thus under pressure to align its diversity profile with the transformation goals set by the government, as proclaimed in the White Paper on Higher Education of 1997. At the same time the University also experiences pressure from the broader community to answer to the call of alleviating poverty in disadvantaged communities (SU 2010a). However, the standard of teaching in previously disadvantaged schools in the surrounding areas is such that very few students qualify to further their studies at university level. The question therefore is what the University can do to draw students that will rise to these challenges. In his response the University announced a strategy referred to by the current vice-chancellor (Botman 2007) as a "pedagogy of hope". This seems to have been inspired by the neo-Marxist Brazilian educationalist Paulo Friere's publication Pedagogy of the oppressed (1970). According to this strategy the University will search for and exploit opportunities that will lead to "the farm owner's daughter and the farm worker's son sitting in the same class" (Botman 2007). This gave rise to initiatives such as the Rachel's Angels Schools Partnership Project, which is based on the principles of community interaction. 2 The project aims to build the capacity of promising students from disadvantaged communities with the aid of a mentorship programme. This will enable them to bridge the gap between school and university successfully. This article presents an overview of the project as well as a report on its impact. The educational theories which underpin the Rachel's Angels project can be considered to be constructivist in nature, founded upon a philosophy that is student centred and based on a view in which knowledge is not absolute, but is actively constructed by the student. The study aims to establish whether the project has achieved the desired outcomes. If employed successfully, SU will give effect to its transformation agenda, which includes increased participation by a diverse corps of students, willingness to react to social and economic needs and growing cooperation between higher education institutions and all sectors of society. The results of the impact study indicate that, despite growing pains, the project has already made a meaningful contribution in building the capacity of disadvantaged students. The implications for the University are to continuously engage in partnerships with previously disadvantaged schools in order to unlock the potential of disadvantaged students. Not only will it reflect positively on the University's diversity profile, but at the same time give meaning to the University's quest for a "pedagogy of hope".	Angels; Community interaction; Empowerment; Entrepreneurial skills; Mentoring; Mentors; Partnership in education; Protégé-mentee; Transformation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879701310	Information technology and the performance of accountants in the Nigerian oil and gas industry	Ogbonna G.N., Ebimobowei A.	2013	Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology	6	2	None	Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Department of Accounting, Faculty of Business Education, Bayelsa State College of Education Okpoama, Brass Island, Yenagoa, Nigeria	Ogbonna, G.N., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Ebimobowei, A., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Business Education, Bayelsa State College of Education Okpoama, Brass Island, Yenagoa, Nigeria	This study investigates the effects of information technology on the performance of duties of Nigerian Accountants in the oil and gas industry. The 2 variables involved in the hypothesis tested are the performance of the duties of Nigerian Accountants which is the dependent variable and information technology which is the independent variable. The performance of the duties of Nigerian Accountants is operationally measured as the level of work performance assigned by primary data provided by 1423 respondents, where 347 accountants do not have any IT knowledge, 542 with minimal knowledge and 534 with sound IT knowledge and Z-test statistical tool was used to test the difference between 2 population means. Each respondent provided a pair of performance level for each group of Nigerian Accountants in oil and gas industry. The result shows that there is significant difference between the performance of duties of the Nigerian Accountants with IT knowledge and those without IT knowledge in the oil and gas industry. That is, those with IT knowledge perform better. It also shows that there is positive relationship between the performance of the duties of the Nigerian Accountants and IT. Based on these findings, the study concludes that IT exerts a great deal of impact on the performance of the duties of Nigerian Accountants and recommends that Nigerian Accountants should intensify their efforts in acquiring IT knowledge and skill, especially by method of on the-job IT training and re-training. The various oil and gas organizations and government where Nigerian Accountants work should as a matter of policy provide them with latest IT facilities that will improve their performance in the Nigerian oil and gas industry. © Maxwell Scientific Organization, 2013.	Accountants; Information technology; Nigeria; Oil and gas	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84856860394	Evaluation of satellite-derived burned area products for the fynbos, a Mediterranean shrubland	De Klerk H.M., Wilson A.M., Steenkamp K.	2012	International Journal of Wildland Fire	21	1	10.1071/WF11002	Department Geography and Environmental Studies, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Western Cape Nature Conservation Board, Scientific Services, P Bag x5014, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, 75 N. Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269-3043, United States; Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Meraka Institute, PO Box 395, Pretoria 0001, South Africa	De Klerk, H.M., Department Geography and Environmental Studies, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa, Western Cape Nature Conservation Board, Scientific Services, P Bag x5014, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa; Wilson, A.M., Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, 75 N. Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269-3043, United States; Steenkamp, K., Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Meraka Institute, PO Box 395, Pretoria 0001, South Africa	Fire is a critical ecological process in the fynbos of the south-western area of South Africa, as it is for all dwarf Mediterranean shrublands. We evaluated the potential of current publicly available MODIS burned area products to contribute to an accurate fire history of the fynbos. To this end, we compared the Meraka Institute's MODIS burned area product, based on the Giglio algorithm (termed the 'WAMIS' product) as well as the standard MODIS MCD45A1 burned area product, based on the Roy algorithm, with comprehensive manager-mapped fire boundary data. We used standard inventory accuracy assessment (number and size of individual burn scars) and confusion matrix techniques. Results showed promise for both burned area products, depending on the intended use. The MCD45A1 had low errors of commission (8.1-19.1%) and high consumer's accuracy (80.9-91.9%), but relatively common errors of omission, making it useful for studies that need to identify burned pixels with a high degree of certainty. However, the WAMIS product generally had low errors of omission (12.2-43.8%) and greater producer's accuracy (56.2-87.6%), making it a useful tool for supplementing manager-mapped fire records, especially for fynbos remnants occurring outside protected areas. © 2012 IAWF.	MODIS; South Africa; Western Cape	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892495426	Hire purchase strategy of physical capital investment and financial performance of construction companies: Illustrating from the Nigerian Stock Exchange	Nwanyanwu L.A.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	4	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n4p449	Department of Accountancy, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria	Nwanyanwu, L.A., Department of Accountancy, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria	The purpose of this paper is to identify the influence of hire purchase strategy of physical capital investment on financial performance of construction companies quoted on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. Data were obtained through questionnaire. Analyses were performed using descriptive statistics and Pearson's product moment coefficient of correlation. Empirical results indicate that there exist a statistically significant negative association between hire purchase strategy of investing in physical capital and financial performance of construction companies. It was concluded that considering the complexities in service delivery, application of hire purchase as a physical capital investment option, may not provide the quantum of capital assets needed to satisfy expectations of customers.	Construction companies; Financial performance; Hire purchase; Nigeria; Nigerian Stock Exchange; Physical capital	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953354473	Comparative evaluation of predictive models in chromium adsorption	Okparanma R.N., Ayotamuno M.J., Akor A.J., Igoni A.H.	2009	Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry	8	7	None	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P. M. B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Okparanma, R.N., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P. M. B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Ayotamuno, M.J., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P. M. B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Akor, A.J., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P. M. B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Igoni, A.H., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P. M. B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	In this study, a comparative evaluation of first- and second-order kinetic models was carried out in order to evolve a better predictive model, as well as determine the limiting phenomenon, in the adsorption of chromium onto powdered activated carbon (PAC) during the tertiary treatment of the flocculation effluent of liquid-phase oil-based drill cuttings (LP-OBDC). The treatment of the LP-OBDC was done by mixing 1g of commercial PAC with 100ml of the flocculation effluent of initial chromium concentration (Co) of 5.01mg/l in a flask using magnetic stirring at 25°C. The residual concentration of chromium in the liquid phase, C (mg/l), was measured after different stirring times of 15, 60, 120, 180 and 1440 minutes. Then, the adsorption q (mg/g) was found for each period. Results show that equilibrium was attained within 60 minutes of contact time and the equilibrium concentration of the chromium (qe) was 3.94mg/g indicating that the PAC was able to adsorb 78.64% of the chromium at initial PAC concentration of 10g/l of effluent. The first-order rate constant, K1 was 9.84 x 10-5min-1 and the second-order rate constant, K2 was 0.3644g/mgmin. Using the first-order kinetics, the value of the equilibrium concentration of the chromium (qe) was deduced as 3.47 mg/g, whereas; the qe deduced with the second-order kinetics was 3.96mg/g. When compared with the value of the qe obtained experimentally (i.e. 3.94mg/g), it shows that experimental data fitted the second-order kinetics relatively better than the first-order kinetics (with R2 = 0.999998), indicating that the second-order kinetic model could be used to predict chromium adsorption in the treatment process. This result also indicates that the limiting phenomenon in the treatment process was more of mechanisms of adsorption than mass transfer resistance.	Activated carbon adsorption; Chromium removal; Kinetic models; Oil-field drill cuttings	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-76649102421	The impact of Social Networking 2.0 on organisations	Van Zyl A.S.	2009	Electronic Library	27	6	10.1108/02640470911004020	Department of Accountancy, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Van Zyl, A.S., Department of Accountancy, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa	Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to increase the understanding of what electronic social networking encompasses. It also aims to educate IT, business decision makers, knowledge workers and librarians about the various applications, benefits and risks associated with social networking. Design/methodology/approach - After a literature review of the available resources (academic literature, journal articles, white papers, popular media and books) the benefits and perceived risks associated with electronic social networking on organisations are investigated. Findings - An individual's success in society depends on the shape and size of his/her social network and ability to network and form connections with other social groups. Organisations which can harness this innate human ability to manage knowledge will be able to lower transactions costs and become more profitable. Originality/value - The paper increases the understanding of what electronic social networking encompasses and how it can be utilised for business purposes. The ideas and discussion put forth are equally applicable to libraries and may give them new insights into the provision of social networking applications as part of their services to users. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Communication technologies; Computer applications; Electronic media; Knowledge management; Risk management; Social networks	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84887457184	The usefulness of student evaluations for enhancing the effectiveness of teaching of financial accounting students at a South African University	Van Der Merwe D.C.	2012	Research in Accounting in Emerging Economies	12	PARTA	10.1108/S1479-3563(2012)000012A009	Department of Accounting and Auditing, Faculty of Military Science, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Van Der Merwe, D.C., Department of Accounting and Auditing, Faculty of Military Science, Stellenbosch University, South Africa	Purpose - Effectiveness of teaching at universities, in general, has been the focus of many researchers for decades. The public concern about the quality of first year accounting education, in particular, is worth the attention of researchers at tertiary institutions. Student evaluation is the primary tool used by accounting administrators to evaluate teaching effectiveness. This study aims to determine the effect on teaching of perceptions of first year financial accounting students on a specific module and the lecturer characteristics that they consider effective in their learning process. Further aims are to provide useful information to lecturers on teaching methods and lecturer characteristics that could enhance effectiveness of teaching. Methodology - In this study, various aspects on teaching methods and lecturer characteristics are investigated. Student feedback data is collected for a full time lecturer. Surveying methodology using questionnaires is utilised to conduct the study. A pool of questions is created accompanied by a five-point Likert scale. A statistical analysis (descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and regression analysis) is applied to these questionnaires. Findings - From this analysis, the findings reveal that all independent variables (knowledge, personality and attitude in general) have a positive influence on enhancing effectiveness of teaching. The results of the study highlight that course content, knowledge, personality and attitude of a lecturer play an important role in determining effectiveness of teaching in financial accounting. Value - The results of the study would be useful to the accounting lecturers, students, education departments and academic researchers to better understand the needs of accounting students in their learning process. Results of student evaluations not only provide valuable information which could be used for managing the course and study content but it could also be used for individual improvement by the lecturer. For the students, the improvement of teaching effectiveness based on the evaluation process may ultimately enhance knowledge acquisition. Copyright © 2012 by Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Effectiveness of teaching; First year accounting students; South Africa; Teaching evaluations	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70349284768	Determinants of public employees' performance: Evidence from Ethiopian public organizations	Hailesilasie G.	2009	International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management	58	3	10.1108/17410400910938841	Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mekelle University, Tigray, Ethiopia	Hailesilasie, G., Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mekelle University, Tigray, Ethiopia	Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explain the determinants of employees' performance in Ethiopian public organizations, by examining the determinant factors of motivation, ability and role perception in seven different public organizations that reengineered their business processes. Design/methodology/approach: Using primary data collected from 100 respondents, individual performance, an ordered categorical variable, was regressed on motivation, ability, role perception and certain control variables. An ordered logistic regression model was employed in the research. Findings: Results of the STATA routine indicate that, in Ethiopian public organizations, ability has no significant effect on employees' performance. On the other hand, motivation positively determines performance until some stage of experience, beyond which performance declines with experience. Similarly, role perception is found to be strongly positively related to the likelihood of good performance. Research limitations/implications: Further research is required into the dynamic nature of employees' performance. Panel data econometric models might be used to explain the determinants of performance across time. Similarly, future empirical researches in the area in question will be helpful to consider space-time differences in explaining determinants of employees' performance. Originality/value: The paper looks into the determinant factors of Ethiopian public organization employees' performance. Currently, Ethiopian public organizations are undertaking Business Process Re-engineering (BPR) and striving for the system of performance-based pay. This research has policy implications in relation to designing an effective performance-based pay system. On the other hand, the paper contributes to the empirical literature, providing a clearer picture of the determinants of public employees' performance. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Business process re-engineering; Ethiopia; Performance management; Public sector organizations	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80054734895	Determinants of performance: A cross generational analysis of Nigerian banks	Abdulraheem A., Yahaya K.A., Aliu O.A.	2011	European Journal of Social Sciences	24	4	None	Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Business and Social Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	Abdulraheem, A., Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Business and Social Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Yahaya, K.A., Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Business and Social Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Aliu, O.A., Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Business and Social Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria	The performance of banks is of importance to investors because it determines both the returns on investment and it is a measure of economic stability and secured investment environment. A number of factors are used in the measurement of bank performance in a typical developing economy. This study uses selected first and second generation banks in Nigeria to examine critical variables that may explain the performance of the banks. In all ten banks were purposively sampled to include each of first and second generation banks. For each generation, aggregate performance was computed as a proxy of the declared profit for 10 years. Aggregate value was also obtained for the dividend declared, amount retained for expansion, new shares sold out to the public, age of banks, customer base and shareholders fund. A multiple regression analysis of the variables adopted to examine the nature of the relationship between declared profit (y) and the variables (X1 -X6), where Y=a+biXi+b2X2+.........+bnXn. A structured questionnaire was also used to capture the perception of shareholders on bank performance in four out of the ten selected banks. The result of the study shows that the performance of a bank was accounted for by the amount of profit paid out as dividend. The profit withheld for expansion and new share sold to the public with the R2 value of 92.9% and double log of 97.7%. From the study bank performance is both a result of dividend paid out (92.9%) profit withheld for expansion (97.7%). Age of banks was show not to be related to the performance of banks. To corroborate this, the study showed that shareholders believe that the proportion of dividend paid to shareholders is a major determinant of performance. The study therefore recommends that Nigerian Banks should redirect their focus to early dividend payment and regular declaration of dividend as one of the tools of attaining better performance.	Bank performance; Determinants; Dividend payment; Shareholders	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84914164019	Board demographic diversity, Firm performance and strategic change a test of moderation	Tarus D.K., Aime F.	2014	Management Research Review	37	12	10.1108/MRR-03-2013-0056	Department of Accounting and Finance, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya; Department of Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States	Tarus, D.K., Department of Accounting and Finance, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya; Aime, F., Department of Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States	Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of boards’ demographic diversity on firms’ strategic change and the interaction effect of firm performance. Design/methodology/approach – This paper used secondary data derived from publicly listed firms in Kenya during 2002-2010 and analyzed the data using fixed effects regression model to test the effect of board demographic and strategic change, while moderated regression analysis was used to test the moderating effect of firm performance. Findings – The results partially supported board demographic diversity–strategic change hypothesis. In particular, results indicate that age diversity produces less strategic change, while functional diversity is associated with greater levels of strategic change. The moderated regression results do not support our general logic that high firm performance enhances board demographic diversity–strategic change relationship. In effect, the results reveal that at high level of firm performance, board demographic diversity produces less strategic change. Originality/value – Despite few studies that have examined board demographic diversity and firm performance, this paper introduces strategic change as an outcome variable. This paper also explores the moderating role of firm performance in board demographic diversity–strategic change relationship, and finally, the study uses Kenyan dataset which in itself is unique because most governance and strategy research uses data from developed countries. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Board demographic diversity; Developing countries; Firm performance; Fixed effects regression model; Kenya; Strategic change	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84941078348	The relationship between capital structure and financial performance of firms listed on the nairobi securities exchange	Otieno O.L., Ngwenya S.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	13	1CONT2	None	Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Nairobi, PO Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Finance, Risk Management and Banking, School of Management Sciences, PO Box 392, UNISA, 0003, Preller Street, Muckleneuk Ridge, Pretoria, South Africa	Otieno, O.L., Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Nairobi, PO Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya; Ngwenya, S., Department of Finance, Risk Management and Banking, School of Management Sciences, PO Box 392, UNISA, 0003, Preller Street, Muckleneuk Ridge, Pretoria, South Africa	Until now, researchers are not in consensus, whether it is the capital structure that influences performance or performance that influences capital structure or both. The main objective of this study was to establish the relationship between capital structure and financial performance of firms listed on the NSE by employing a generalised linear model (GLM) as an improvement on ordinary least regression (OLS). The results of the study revealed that efficient and profitable firms employ more debt than comparable firms that are less profitable possibly because profitable firms’ exposure to financial risk is low. There results also indicate that firms that use more debt outperformed those that use less debt. © 2015, Virtus interpress.All rights reserved.	Capital structure; Financial performance; General linear model; NSE; Ordinary least regression	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84944684024	Debt capital, firm performance and change of CEO in firms listed on the Nairobi securities exchange	Otieno O.L., Ngwenya S.	2015	Corporate Ownership and Control	13	1CONT6	None	Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Nairobi, PO Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Finance, Risk Management and Banking, School of Management Sciences, UNISA, PO Box 392, Preller Street, Muckleneuk Ridge, Pretoria, Kenya	Otieno, O.L., Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Nairobi, PO Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya; Ngwenya, S., Department of Finance, Risk Management and Banking, School of Management Sciences, UNISA, PO Box 392, Preller Street, Muckleneuk Ridge, Pretoria, Kenya	It is generally accepted that boards of directors play a fundamental role in corporate governance and the structure of the board plays a significant role in the functioning of a company (Jensen, 1993). The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between debt capital, firm performance, and change of CEO in firms listed on the NSE. The results of the study revealed that firms in which an individual shareholder has influence or controlling interest are reluctant to replace their CEO even when performance is below average. The results also revealed that the replacement of the CEO is not performance driven, but is debt capital driven. Specifically, the results suggest that medium leverage ratio is associated with change in CEOs on firms listed on the NSE. © 2015, Virtus Interpress. All rights reserved.	Change of CEO; Debt capital; Firm performance; NSE	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84857226394	The impact of working capital management on the profitability of small and medium scale enterprises in Nigeria	Samson A.A., Mary J., Yemisi B.-F., Erekpitan I.O.	2012	Research Journal of Business Management	6	2	10.3923/rjbm.2012.61.69	Department of Accounting Igbinedion, University Okada, College of Management Science, Edo State, Nigeria	Samson, A.A., Department of Accounting Igbinedion, University Okada, College of Management Science, Edo State, Nigeria; Mary, J., Department of Accounting Igbinedion, University Okada, College of Management Science, Edo State, Nigeria; Yemisi, B.-F., Department of Accounting Igbinedion, University Okada, College of Management Science, Edo State, Nigeria; Erekpitan, I.O., Department of Accounting Igbinedion, University Okada, College of Management Science, Edo State, Nigeria	The objective of the research study was to empirically investigate the impact of working capital management on the profitability of a sample of small and medium-sized Nigerian firms. The data for the study were collected from 30 SME's covering the single period of 2009. Data was collected from secondary sources (financial statement) and was analyzed using the multiple regression analysis. The results which are robust to the presence of endogeneity, demonstrate that managers can create value by reducing their firm's number of day's accounts receivable and inventories. Equally, shortening the cash conversion cycle also improves the firm's profitability. © 2012 Academic Journals Inc.	Conversion cycle; Nigerian firms; Profitability; Small and medium scale enterprises; Working capital	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897137420	Does ownership structure affect firm performance? Evidence from Nigerian listed companies	Tsegba I.N., Achua J.K.	2011	Corporate Ownership and Control	9	1 F	None	Department of Accounting, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria	Tsegba, I.N., Department of Accounting, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria; Achua, J.K., Department of Accounting, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria	This paper examines the relationship between ownership structure and firm performance from the perspective of listed Nigerian companies. The sample comprises 73 companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange for which relevant financial data is available for the period 2001 to 2007. The empirical results obtained through ordinary least squares (OLS) analysis provide evidence which suggests that dominant shareholding, ownership concentration, and foreign ownership structures have no significant effect on firm performance. However, insider ownership is inversely related to firm performance. Two major policy implications emerge from the results of this study. First, since ownership structures such as, dominant shareholding, concentrated ownership, and foreign ownership have no significant effect on firm performance, government emphasis on them is misplaced. Second, insider ownership of Nigerian firms is to be monitored closely by shareholders due to the adverse effect of this ownership structure on firm performance.	Corporate governance; Corporate ownership structure; Dominant shareholder; Firm performance; Foreign ownership; Insider ownership; Nigeria; Ownership concentration	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84861404529	Class absenteeism: Reasons for non-attendance and the effect on academic performance	Schmulian A., Coetzee S.	2012	Accounting Research Journal	24	2	10.1108/10309611111163718	Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Schmulian, A., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Coetzee, S., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa	Purpose Other business education literature, particularly in the field of economics, has developed theories in respect of the reasons for non-attendance of lectures and the positive correlation between class attendance and academic performance. The aim of this paper is to determine the generalizability of these theories to a large accounting class in South Africa. Design/methodology/ approach This paper is a differentiated replication of the study by Paisey and Paisey, who provided initial evidence of the generalizability of these theories to a small accounting class in Scotland, employing a research questionnaire and the analysis of quantitative and qualitative data. Findings The reasons given for the non-attendance of lectures generally correspond with those previously reported. Certain differences that are identified are likely a result of specific country or economic factors. This study found a significant positive correlation between class attendance and academic performance; however, the correlation is low and not very meaningful. Further analysis reveals some difference between language groups suggesting that culture and ethnicity may have an effect on the relationship between class attendance and academic performance. Originality/value This paper raises questions as to the generalizability of prior research on class attendance and academic performance. The findings of this study suggest other factors, including students' economic, cultural and ethnic backgrounds, are likely to affect associations between class attendance and academic performance. © Copyright - 2011 Emerald Group Publishing Limited. All rights reserved.	Absenteeism; Academic performance; Accounting education; Class attendance; South Africa; Students	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874078832	Capital structure, corporate financial performance and shareholders' investment decisions: A survey of selected nigerian companies	Bassey B.E., Inah E.U.	2012	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	54	None	Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B.1115, Calabar, 8037983154, Nigeria	Bassey, B.E., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B.1115, Calabar, 8037983154, Nigeria; Inah, E.U., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B.1115, Calabar, 8037983154, Nigeria	This study examines capital structure, corporate financial performance and shareholders' investment decisions. The greatest issue striving against the management of any firm in Nigeria and the world over is how to minimize cost of capital and maximize shareholders wealth. To achieve this major objective, financial managers of firms need to understand the source of capital to finance the growth of the firm and also the efficient use of the available capital. The study made use of an ex-post facto design and the data collected through the use of questionnaires were analyzed using the ordinary least square (OLS) method. The results therefore revealed that capital structure have a significant relationship with corporate financial performance and shareholders' investment decisions. Based on the findings obtained the study therefore concluded that capital structure ratios significantly influence investment decisions in companies, with most investors preferring to invest in companies with a smaller debt/equity ratio. Finally, it was recommended that retained earnings should be the first source of financing a business venture before considering debt and equity. Where extra fund is needed, the company should preferably go for equity capital as the risk would be shared among the different investors. © EuroJournals, Inc. 2012.	Debt; Debt/equity; Dividend per share; Earnings per share; Equity; Return on asset; Return on equity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908037623	Firms' performance and corporate social disclosures: Cross-sectional evidence of Nigerian firms	Moses O., Jatau U.V., Ande J.O.M., Okwoli A.A.	2014	International Journal of Management Practice	7	4	10.1504/IJMP.2014.065231	Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria	Moses, O., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria; Jatau, U.V., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria; Ande, J.O.M., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria; Okwoli, A.A., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria	This study examines the relationship that exists between Firms' Financial Performance (FFP) and Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosures (CSRD) on one hand and the extent to which firms in Nigeria are involved in transparent corporate social responsibility disclosures on the other hand. A modified 25-theme Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) disclosure index and firms' Earnings Per Share (EPS) along with the Companies Annual Turnover (CAT) was used to determine the impact CSRD has on FFP. The finding of the study shows that firms in Nigeria have a positive insignificant relationship between CSRD and CAT and their EPS. The extent of CSRD by quoted companies in Nigeria was found to be at a 53% threshold; which falls below the 75% global benchmark for excellent disclosure. The study recommends among others the use of legislations to elicit detailed disclosures and the need for separate tracking of social responsibility costs in annual accounts of companies. Copyright © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Corporate social responsibility disclosures; Disclosure index; Firm financial performance; Transparent reporting	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84864076490	Impact of petroleum revenue and the economy of Nigeria	Ogbonna G.N., Ebimobowei A.	2012	Social Sciences (Pakistan)	7	3	10.3923/sscience.2012.405.411	Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Department of Accounting, Faculty of Business Education, Bayelsa State College of Education, Okpoama, Brass Island, Yenagoa, Nigeria	Ogbonna, G.N., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Ebimobowei, A., Department of Accounting, Faculty of Business Education, Bayelsa State College of Education, Okpoama, Brass Island, Yenagoa, Nigeria	This study investigates the impact of petroleum revenue and the economy of Nigeria for the period 1970-2009. To achieve this objective, primary and secondary data were used. The primary data was generated from a well structured questionnaires administered to 150 oil and gas and non oil and gas workers in Rivers and Bayelsa states, respectively. The secondary data was culled from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin 1970-2009. The data collected were analysed using Pearson product correlation coefficient, Ordinary Least Square Regression and descriptive statistics. The results of the analysis suggests that petroleum revenue affects the gross domestic product and per capital income of Nigeria positively. However, the relationship between petroleum revenue and inflation rate was negative. Therefore, the research conclude that the revenue generated from petroleum exploration in Nigeria contributes to the gross domestic product and per capita income, hence proper management and utilization to achieve long run growth and development of the country. Useful recommendations were provided to improve the revenue generation effort and usage of the oil wealth in Nigeria. © Medwell Journals, 2012.	Economy; GDP; Inflation; Nigeria; Per capita income; Petroleum; Revenue	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84923300411	Impact of fuel price increaseon the Nigerian economy	Ocheni S.I.	2015	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	6	1S1	10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n1s1p560	Department Of Accounting, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria	Ocheni, S.I., Department Of Accounting, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria	Everybody appreciates the fact that when motorists pay more for fuel, the transport fare increases. This has been the case even when the increase is only marginal. In the particular case where the cost of fuel is expected to double, the increase in transport fare will be astronomical. This will in turn affect everything else – school fees, house rent, just name it. Therefore, this study took a critical look at the impact of Fuel price increase on the Nigerian economy(Whether negative or positive).The study adopted a survey research design approach to evaluate the level of effect the fuel price increase has on the Nigeria economy. The population of the study is made up of Civil Servants -CS, market men and women-MMW and staff in the private sectors- SPS concerned with petrol and gas affairs. A sample size of 120 persons was selected at random. It was distributed as follows: Civil Servants (18), market men and women (55) and staff in the private sectors (47). A pre test was conducted and outcome yield “r”= 0.92 indicating a high degree of consistency and reliability. The instrument was 8- term survey questionnaire with a - 5 Likert scale response options of Very Relevant (VR), Relevant (R), No Effect (NE) Irrelevant (I), and Very Irrelevant (VI). The questionnaire was structured in line with the research objectives, questions and hypothesis of the study. The Pearson product moment correlation coefficient was used to confirm formulated hypotheses. Finding revealed that there is a significant relationship between the recent increases in fuel prices and economic growth in Nigeria. It was also discovered that the Nigeria economy is not developing because of the effect of fuel price hike on purchasing power and finally the finding showed that there is significant relationship between increase in pump price of petroleum and food security. The paper therefore recommended that Government should retain fuel subsidy while expediting the construction of the three proposed refineries; Fuel subsidy should be removed as soon as these new refineries are commissioned; the proposed rehabilitation of the existing refineries should be expedited; Government should vigorously pursue the revitalization of the railways. If only Nigerians had alternative to road transport, all this noise about fuel subsidy removal would not have been there and Private companies should be encouraged to start building refineries now with the assurance that subsidy would be removed before they start production. © 2015, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.	Economy; Fuel scarcity; Fuel subsidy; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939551486	Governing boards and perceived performance of secondary schools: Preliminary evidence from a developing country	Nkundabanyanga S.K., Tauringana V., Muhwezi M.	2015	International Journal of Public Sector Management	28	3	10.1108/IJPSM-10-2014-0135	Department of Accounting, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Accounting, Finance and Economics, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom; Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda	Nkundabanyanga, S.K., Department of Accounting, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda; Tauringana, V., Department of Accounting, Finance and Economics, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom; Muhwezi, M., Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda	Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report the results of a study carried out to determine the effect of governing boards on the performance of Ugandan secondary schools. Specifically, the study investigated whether governing boards (board role performance, finance committee role performance, board size, frequency of board meetings and board finance expertise) have an effect on the perceived performance of the schools. Design/methodology/approach – This study is cross-sectional and correlational. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey of 271 schools out of which 200 responded. The data were analysed through ordinary least squares regression using Statistical Package for Social Scientists. Findings – The results suggest that board role performance, finance committee role performance, frequency of meetings and finance expertise of governing boards have a significant effect on the schools’ performance. Research limitations/implications – The authors measure some of the variables qualitatively and perceptively contrary to, for instance, the commonly used quantitative measures of performance, but process factors which are inherently qualitative in nature can better explain variances in secondary schools’ performance. Thus, in this study, the authors do not claim highly refined measurement concepts. More research is therefore needed to better refine qualitative concepts used in this study. The results too suggest that board and finance committee role performance and finance expertise of the board are more important for performance of a school than board size, and frequency of meetings which academics have been focusing on. These findings call for more research to validate the posited relationships. Practical implications – The results are important for governing board policy development; for example, in terms of prescribing the qualifications for schools’ governing board members and also finance committee board members. Originality/value – This study shows that one way to capture the influence of all governing boards’ roles including service role is to adopt a perception-based approach which asks respondents to what extent they think governing boards fulfil all their roles. Unlike previous studies which used proxies for board role performance such as proportion of non-executive directors and board size for monitoring and control and resource provision, the study incorporates proxies as well as perception-based measures of board role performance to determine if governing boards have a significant influence on the performance of Uganda secondary schools. © 2015, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Boards; Education; Performance; Public sector; Secondary schools; Uganda	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84926313018	Intellectual capital in ugandan service firms as mediator of board governance and firm performance	Nkundabanyanga S.K., Ntayi J.M., Ahiauzu A., Sejjaaka S.K.	2014	African Journal of Economic and Management Studies	5	3	10.1108/AJEMS-06-2012-0041	Department of Accounting, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda; Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda; Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Makerere University Business School, Kampala,	Nkundabanyanga, S.K., Department of Accounting, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda; Ntayi, J.M., Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda; Ahiauzu, A., Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Sejjaaka, S.K., Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda	Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating effect of intellectual capital on the relationship between board governance and perceived firm financial performance. Design/methodology/approach - This study was cross-sectional. Analyses were by SPSS and Analysis of Moment Structure on a sample of 128 firms. Findings - The mediated model provides support for the hypothesis that intellectual capital mediates the relationship between board governance and perceived firm performance. while the direct relationship between board governance and firm financial performance without the mediation effect of intellectual capital was found to be significant, this relationship becomes insignificant when mediation of intellectual capital is allowed. Thus, the entire effect does not only go through the main hypothesised predictor variable (board governance) but majorly also, through intellectual capital. Accordingly, the connection between board governance and firm financial performance is very much weakened by the presence of intellectual capital in the model - confirming that the presence of intellectual capital significantly acts as a conduit in the association between board governance and firm financial performance. Overall, 36 per cent of the variance in perceived firm performance is explained. the error variance being 64 per cent of perceived firm performance itself. Research limitations/implications - The authors surveyed directors or managers of firms and although the influence of common methods variance was minimal, the non-existence of common methods bias could not be guaranteed. Although the constructs have been defined as precisely as possible by drawing upon relevant literature and theory, the measurements used may not perfectly represent all the dimensions. For example board governance concept (used here as a behavioural concept) is very much in its infancy just as intellectual capital is. Similarly the authors have employed perceived firm financial performance as proxy for firm financial performance. The implication is that the constructs used/developed can realistically only be proxies for an underlying latent phenomenon that itself is not fully measureable. Practical implications - In considering the behavioural constructs of the board, a new integrative framework for board effectiveness is much needed as a starting point, followed by examining intellectual capital in firms whose mediating effect should formally be accounted for in the board governance - financial performance equation. Originality/value - Results add to the conceptual improvement in board governance studies and lend considerable support for the behavioural perspective in the study of boards and their firm performance improvement potential. Using qualitative factors for intellectual capital to predict the perceived firm financial performance, this study offers a unique dimension in understanding the causes of poor financial © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78651457165	Competitive advantage: Mediator of intellectual capital and performance	Kamukama N., Ahiauzu A., Ntayi J.M.	2011	Journal of Intellectual Capital	12	1	10.1108/14691931111097953	Department of Accounting, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda; Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Faculty of Computing and Management Science, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda	Kamukama, N., Department of Accounting, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda; Ahiauzu, A., Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Ntayi, J.M., Faculty of Computing and Management Science, Makerere University Business School, Kampala, Uganda	Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating effect of competitive advantage in the relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance in Uganda's microfinance institutions. The major aim is to establish the role of competitive advantage in the relationship between intellectual capital and firm performance. Design/methodology/approach: The paper adopts MedGraph program (Excel version), Sobel tests and the Kenny and Boran approach to test for mediation effects. Findings: Competitive advantage is a significant mediator in the association between intellectual capital and financial performance and boosts the relationship between the two by 22.4 percent in Ugandan microfinance institutions. Further findings confirmed a partial type of mediation between the intellectual capital, competitive advantage and financial performance. Research limitations/implications: Only a single research methodological approach was employed and future research through interviews could be undertaken to triangulate. Furthermore, the findings from the present study are cross-sectional. Future research should be undertaken to examine the mediation effects studied in this paper across time. Practical implications: In order to have a meaningful interpretation of the results of the relationships between study variables, it is always vital to assess the role of the third variable (competitive advantage) in the relationship. This enables practitioners and scholars to comprehend and make legitimate decisions and conclusions that can foster business growth. Originality/value: This is the first study that focuses on testing the mediating effect of competitive advantage on the relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance in Ugandan microfinance institutions. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Competitive advantage; Financial institutions; Financial performance; Intellectual capital; Uganda	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78149363778	Intellectual capital and performance: Testing interaction effects	Kamukama N., Ahiauzu A., Ntayi J.M.	2010	Journal of Intellectual Capital	11	4	10.1108/14691931011085687	Department of Accounting, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Faculty of Computing and Management Science, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda	Kamukama, N., Department of Accounting, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Ahiauzu, A., Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; Ntayi, J.M., Faculty of Computing and Management Science, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda	Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the interaction effect of intellectual capital elements and how they fuse to affect financial performance in microfinance institutions. The major purpose is to explore the appropriate blend or mix of intellectual capital elements that explains the source of value creation - hence performance - in microfinance institutions. Design/methodology/approach: The paper adopts the ModGraph program (Excel version) along with the Kenny and Boran approach to test conditional hypotheses. Findings: The magnitude effect of human capital on performance depends on any of structural or relational capital; hence the assumption of nonadditivity is met. However, no significant interaction effects were established between relational and structural capital. Research limitations/implications: Only a single research methodological approach was employed and future research through interviews could be undertaken to triangulate. Furthermore, the findings from the present study are cross-sectional - future research should be undertaken to examine the multiplicative effects studied in this paper across time Practical implications: In order to boost the wealth of microfinance institutions in Uganda, managers should always endeavor to find a viable intellectual capital mix or blend that can add value to the firm. Originality/value: This is the first study that focuses on testing the interactive effects of intellectual capital elements on financial performance in Ugandan microfinance institutions. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.	Financial institutions; Financial performance; Intellectual capital; Social interaction; Uganda	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-67549117347	Corporate governance and firm performance: The case of Nigerian listed firms	Kajola S.O.	2008	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	14	None	Department of Accounting, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria	Kajola, S.O., Department of Accounting, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria	This paper seeks to examine the relationship between four corporate governance mechanisms (board size, board composition, chief executive status and audit committee) and two firm performance measures (return on equity, ROE, and profit margin, PM), of a sample of twenty Nigerian listed firms between 2000 and 2006. Using panel methodology and OLS as a method of estimation, the results provide evidence of a positive significant relationship between ROE and board size as well as chief executive status. The implication of this is that the board size should be limited to a sizeable limit and that the posts of the chief executive and the board chair should be occupied by different persons. The results further reveal a positive significant relationship between PM and chief executive status. The study, however, could not provide a significant relationship between the two performance measures and board composition and audit committee. These results are consistent with prior empirical studies. © EuroJournals, Inc. 2008.	Agency cost; Corporate governance; Firm performance; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907286048	Audit committee multiple directorships and financial reporting quality in Nigeria: An evaluation of the interconnectedness using empirical evidence	Emmanuel U., Ayorinde B., Babajide O.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	20	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p628	Department of Accounting, Rhema University, Aba, Abia State, Nigeria; Department of Accounting, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Department of Accounting, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	Emmanuel, U., Department of Accounting, Rhema University, Aba, Abia State, Nigeria; Ayorinde, B., Department of Accounting, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; Babajide, O., Department of Accounting, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria	The audit committee plays an oversight role in overseeing financial reporting. It is not uncommon to see directors sit on the audit committee of more than three public companies. In Nigeria, because of the small pool of directors available to the market, it is quite common for directors to serve on many boards. Against the backdrop that there are arguments for and against multiple directorships in the light of the quality of financial reports, opinion is split on the matter. The study seeks to examine the interconnectedness between audit committee multiple directorship and financial reporting quality in Nigeria. The study adopted a survey research, using questionnaire as the research instrument to harvest the views of stakeholders of publicly quoted companies on the subject. Data was analysed using percentage analysis, weighted mean, and the Z-test statistics at 5% significance level. It was observed that audit committee multiple directorship impacts the quality of corporate financial reporting. Also, financial literacy of audit committee members enhances the effective overseeing of corporation’s financial controls and the quality of financial reporting. The study therefore supports the need for a high degree of financial literacy on the part of audit committee members to enhance effectiveness. It is recommended that regulatory agencies in Nigeria should also institute legislation similar to the Sarbanes Oxley act of the United States of America in order to curb the menace of earnings management and other unethical financial reporting practices. © MCSER-Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research.	Audit Committee; Earnings management; Financial reporting; Multiple directorships; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78149479778	Special pricing decisions as instrument for improving companies' performance in Nigeria	Iwarere H.T.	2010	International Business Management	4	3	10.3923/ibm.2010.99.104	Department of Accounting, University of Ado-Ekiti, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	Iwarere, H.T., Department of Accounting, University of Ado-Ekiti, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	One of the poor performances of manufacturing firms in Nigeria is attributed to insufficient market demand. This study examines, how special order pricing can be successfully introduced to improve contribution margin. The findings reveal that special pricing decisions are better means of reducing idle capacity and that this technique can be successfully introduced if the country achieve economy stability and favourable operating environment are introduced by the government. © Medwell Journals, 2010.	Advantage; Companies; Insufficient market demand; Manufacturing firms; Nigeria; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-82155162942	Performance measures of maintenance of public facilities in Nigeria	Iwarere H.T., Lawal K.O.	2011	Research Journal of Business Management	5	1	10.3923/rjbm.2011.16.25	Department of Accounting, University of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	Iwarere, H.T., Department of Accounting, University of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Lawal, K.O., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria	Public organisations in Nigeria are organisations which are controlled by the government. These organisations generally face different kinds of problems. Some of such problems are associated with poor maintenance of public facilities. This study presents performance measures of maintenance of public facilities in Nigeria. The study identifies financial scandal, improper facilities, poor maintenance culture, poor spare parts, incompetent management, lack of or inadequate training programmes, irregularity in power supply as major problems that hinder the performance measures of maintenance of public facilities. The study concluded that government, management and employees should play their respective roles to ensure effective maintenance of public facilities. It is also concluded that public organisations should adopt four key aspects of the Balanced Scorecard that focus on four separate but related perspectives of organisational performance and management such as financial performance, internal processes, customer satisfaction or customer value and workforce support. © 2011 Academic Journals Inc.	Effective maintenance; Effective utilisation; Employee capability; Standard equipment	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84958778895	Factors contributing toward student performance in a distance education accounting degree	Papageorgiou K., Halabi A.K.	2014	Meditari Accountancy Research	22	2	10.1108/MEDAR-08-2013-0032	Department of Accounting, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Federation University Australia, Gipsplad Campus, Churchill, Australia	Papageorgiou, K., Department of Accounting, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Halabi, A.K., Federation University Australia, Gipsplad Campus, Churchill, Australia	Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of five determinates of performance in students (N = 677) who completed three years of financial accounting to obtain a Bachelor of Accounting Science (BCompt) degree by distance education through the University of South Africa. Design/methodology/approach - Regression analysis is used on three yearly measures of performance with five independent variables (age, gender, prior accounting knowledge, mathematics background and academic aptitude). Findings - Results show that mathematics background and academic aptitude are both significantly associated with student performance, throughout the financial accounting subjects. Prior accounting knowledge is also important in the first year of study but not thereafter. Research limitations/implications - Prior research has found that other factors may influence student performance, and future studies which include these variables will add to these findings. Practical implications - The results of this study have important implications for instructors, students and career advisers, particularly as research linking various factors with performance in accounting subjects over the length of a degree is limited. Originality/value - The current study considers the determinants of student performance over three financial accounting years (rather than one year or one subject) and from a distance education perspective. As distance education becomes a more important delivery method of study in the future, these results have important implications. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2049-372X.	Academic aptitude; Accounting; Age; Gender; Mathematics background; Prior accounting knowledge; Student performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84944387190	Impact of evaporative cooling preservation on the shelf life of fruits and vegetable in South Western Nigeria	Ndukwu M.C., Manuwa S.I.	2015	Research in Agricultural Engineering	61	3	10.17221/54/2013-RAE	Department of Agricultural and Bio Resources Engineering, College of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, P.M.B. 7267, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Engineering, School of Eng	Ndukwu, M.C., Department of Agricultural and Bio Resources Engineering, College of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, P.M.B. 7267, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria, Department of Agricultural Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering, Technology Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria; Manuwa, S.I., Department of Agricultural Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering, Technology Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria	Maintaining the freshness of vegetables and fruits even for a short period in a tropical environment is difficult. Fresh fruits and vegetables usually deteriorate faster than other products because they increase in respiration while in storage, due to high moisture content and high tropical heat which lead to a number of physical and physiological changes affecting the viability, quality and marketability of the produce. The use of evaporative cooling system showed improvement in the shelf life of fruits and vegetables stored. The stored vegetables in the cooler showed higher moisture and vitamin C content while the withered control has higher ash, protein, fibre and carbohydrate content. However, the fruits stored in the cooler had lower vitamin C and higher moisture than the control which showed good quality and crispiness while the control deteriorated at the same period. The results suggest that the integration of evaporative cooling system with good sanitation along the marketing channel from the harvest point until the consumption point will help to attain high quality level of freshness for some period.	Cold storage; Environmental friendly; Food quality; Freshness; Refrigeration	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77952153546	Design, fabrication and performance of a motorized cowpea thresher for Nigerian small-scale farmers	Irtwange S.V.	2009	African Journal of Agricultural Research	4	12	None	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria	Irtwange, S.V., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria	Based on the results of measurements of moisture content of grains, cowpea grain and pod sizes, grain-pod ratio, angle of friction of grains and some information from literature, a motorized cowpea thresher using a star-shaped beater to which beater belts were attached was designed and locally built. Five varieties of cowpea, K59, Ife-Brown, IT84E-124, Ife-Bimpe and TVX 715 which are fairly representative of the most popular varieties in Nigeria were selected for the measurement of design parameters. The statistical design used in studying the effect of variety on length, width, thickness, equivalent diameter, sphericity, pod weight and grain-pod ratio with 30 replications, moisture content with 3 replications and angle of friction with 5 replications was complete randomized design (CRD). The moisture content for the grain varieties ranged from 11.06 to 12.02% w.b while the size and shape measurement parameters namely; length, width, thickness, equivalent diameter and sphericity ranged from 8.22 to 10mm, 6.04 to 6.83 mm, 4.36 to 5.38 mm, 6.00 to 7.09 mm and 0.71 to 0.79 respectively for grains. For the pods, the length, width and thickness ranged from 124.78 to 194.93 mm, 7.28 to 9.15 mm and 5.27 to 7.86 mm respectively. The pod weight and grain-pod ratios ranged from 1.96 to 3.39 and 0.75 to 0.86 respectively for all the varieties tested while the angle of friction of grains on mild steel ranged from 23.6° to 26.6°. The results of the study as indicated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) show that there is highly significant effect (P ≤ 0.01) of variety on all the grains and pods measurement parameters except angle of friction where non-significance was observed. Skewness and kurtosis analysis indicates that the frequency distribution curves for grains and pods measurement parameters generally approximated those of the normal distribution. Based on the optimum machine parameters, the machine throughput was determined to be 101.19, 110.86, 74.33, 75.81 and 102.09 kg grains/hour for K59, Ife-Brown, IT84E-124, Ife-Bimpe and TVX 715 respectively. Preliminary performance evaluation tests carried out on the fabricated thresher using IT84E-124 as the test material at recommended beater and fan speeds of 500 rpm and 1400 rpm respectively indicated average threshing efficiency of 96.29%, percentage damage of 3.55% and percentage threshed and undamaged grains of 92.74%. A cleaning efficiency and loss of 95.60 and 3.71% respectively was observed indicating that with the use of a star-shaped beater, drudgery and cost can be reduced to a minimum and yet achieving good quality products. © 2009 Academic Journals.	Cowpea; Design; Fabrication; Performance evaluation; Thresher	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884301790	Fuel consumption evaluation of some commonly used farm tractors for ploughing operations on the sandy-loam soil of Oyo state, Nigeria	Adewoyin A.O.	2013	Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology	6	15	None	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Ibadan, P.O. Box 20749, UI Post Office, Ibadan, Nigeria	Adewoyin, A.O., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Ibadan, P.O. Box 20749, UI Post Office, Ibadan, Nigeria	Farm Tractors acquired in Oyo State-Nigeria are primarily utilized for ploughing operations which represents the most costly single item in the budget of an arable farmer. Tractor fuel consumption constitutes a significant parameter that affects ploughing operations performances. Ploughing operations, using ASABE standard D 497.5 were carried out using Massey Ferguson(MF 435, 100 hp), Fiat(F130D, 100 hp) and Steyr (CVT170, 100 hp) tractors that were purchased in 2009. Field experiments were conducted at 5.5, 6.5 and 7.5 km/h ploughing speeds for ploughing depths of 20, 25 and 30 cm. Mean fuel consumption for Fiat, MF and Steyr models were 23.35, 23.58 and 24.55 l/ha while average of 16.78, 22.02 and 32.67 l/ha of diesel were used to plough 20, 25 and 30 cm depths, respectively. Fuel consumption increased by 31% when ploughing depth increased from 20 to 25 cm and 48% when increased from 25 to 30 cm. Mean fuel consumption at 5.5, 6.5 and 7.5 km/h ploughing speeds were 20.0, 24.25 and 27.23 l/ha, respectively. Fuel consumption varies significantly with ploughing depth and speed (p&lt;0.05, 0.87≤r2≤0.99). Fuel consumption values increases with ploughing dept and speed significantly, the depth of crop roots should determine the appropriate ploughing depth in order to minimize expenses on fuel. © Maxwell Scientific Organization, 2013.	Fuel consumption; Ploughing depth; Ploughing speed; Soil types	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79953238332	Evaluation of plough disc performance on sandy loan soil at different soil moisture levels	Olatunji O.M.	2011	Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry	10	3	None	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Nkpolu, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	Olatunji, O.M., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Nkpolu, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria	In this research work, dimensional analysis was used to model the relationship between depth of cut, weight of disc plough and draught on a sandy loam soil. Field experiment was carried out on a site with three different moisture content levels at five different plough speeds (0.83, 1.39, 1.94, 2.4 and 2.78m/s). It was observed that the depth of penetration of plough disc increased with an increased draught and soil moisture content. The depth of cut was minimum at 4.9% and maximum at 9.4% moisture content. The result obtained from the validation shows that the model can be used effectively to determine the depth of cut in sandy loam soil at different soil moisture levels. Also the draught-speed relationship obtained from this work can be used to predict the power requirement of the disc plough in other soil types. The draught increase linearly with the depth of cut as predicted from the model. The result of the soil properties after tillage operation showed increased shear strength, bulk density and depth of cut.	Bulk density; Depth of cut; Disc plough; Moisture content; Sandly-loam; Shear strength	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77952968257	Impact of management style on performance indicators of academic staff	Irtwange S.V., Orsaah S.	2009	Educational Research and Reviews	4	12	None	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria; Department of Business Management, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria	Irtwange, S.V., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria; Orsaah, S., Department of Business Management, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria	The objective of this study is to assess the impact of management style on academic staff performance with University of Agriculture, Makurdi as a case study. The management style of the vice chancellor of the University of Agriculture, Makurdi between the periods, September 3, 1996 to September 3, 2001 was determined using the Ohio State University and University of Michigan Models. Based on a population of 269 academic staff, a sample size of 200 was selected using the purposive and random sampling techniques. Research questionnaire, interview and personal observations were employed as instruments for data collection. Analysis of data indicates that the vice chancellor was rated below desirable limits both on the considerate or employee centered management style (Cronbach alpha =0.978) and on the initiating structure or production centered management style (Cronbach alpha = 0.968). This indicates low concern for production and people, which answers to the impoverished management style of the grid model. Chi-square (X 2) test at 5% level of significance showed that there is a relationship between the management style of the vice chancellor of University of Agriculture, Makurdi and academic staff performance. As expected, academic staff of the university were found to have performed poorly on all six performance indicators - qualification, teaching/cognate experience, contribution to university and community, publications, current research and extension and administrative experience. The results of the study further indicate that with good management of men and materials, performance of academic staff in the Nigerian university system will be enhanced if they are appropriately motivated and rewarded. The study recommends that proven ability and capacity to professionally manage men, money and materials to deliver on the core mandates of the various universities in Nigeria should be the most important consideration in appointment of vice chancellors. © 2009 Academic Journals.	Academic staff; Management style; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953331511	Modeling the effect of weight and forward speed on the performance of disc plough	Olatunji O.M., Akor A.J., Ozogu B.A., Burubai W., Davies R.M.	2009	Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry	8	2	None	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Is	Olatunji, O.M., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Akor, A.J., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Ozogu, B.A., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria; Burubai, W., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Davies, R.M., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria	In this paper, the relationship between depth of cut, speed of ploughing as well as the weight of disc plough was modeled and investigated in mechanization. The effect of weight on depth of penetration of the disc plough was determined at three different speeds (1.39, 1.94 and 2.5m/s) at two different sites (A and B). Results generally reveal that depth of cut increase with increase in plough weight. Average depths of 15.45, 19.45 and 18.23cm were recorded at forward speeds of 1.39, 1.94 and 2.5m/s respectively at a corresponding weight range of 450 to 540kg. Furthermore validation of the developed model shows an acceptable agreement between the predicted and measured depth of cut as a function of the pertinent variables. Statistical data reveals 0.381 as the lowest standard error of estimate indicating the predictability of the model.	Disc plough; Modeling; Performance; Weight	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953429309	Effect of weight and draught on the performance of disc plough on sandy loam soil	Olatunji O.M., Burubai W., Davies R.M.	2009	Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry	8	7	None	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Is	Olatunji, O.M., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Burubai, W., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Davies, R.M., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria	In this research work, the relationship between depth of cut, increase in weight of disc plough as well as the draught has been investigated using dimensional analysis on a sandy loam soil. The experiment was conducted on two sites with three different moisture contents level at five different speeds, (0.83m/s, 1.39m/s, 1.94 m/s, 2.5m/s and 2.78m/s). It was observed that the depth of penetration decreased with an increase in draught and decrease in soil moisture content. From the two sites, the depth of cut was minimum at 4.91%, and maximum at 9.42% moisture content. Model validation produced a standard error of 0.681, 0.381 and 0.067 for the site with 4.91% moisture content and 0.173, 0.142 and 0.233 for the site with 9.42 percent moisture content which means that the model is accurate in the prediction of these variables. The lowest standard error was achieved at 1.94m/s speed in both plots. The result obtained from the validation shows that the model can be used effectively to determine the depth of cut in sandy loam soil and also the draught-speed relationship obtained from this work can be used to predict the power requirement of the disc plough in other soil types.	Disc plough; Draught; Loam soil; Sandy; Weight	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84055217785	Performance evaluation of manual cowpea thresher	Maunde F.A.	2011	African Journal of Agricultural Research	6	30	10.5897/AJAR11.940	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 2076, Yola, Adamawa, Nigeria	Maunde, F.A., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 2076, Yola, Adamawa, Nigeria	Manual cowpea thresher was previously designed and constructed. Its performance evaluation is now reported. Performance test was replicated five times and averages of each trial were taken (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250) kg of two cowpea varieties: indigenous brown (Variety A) and IT97K-499- (SAMPEA -10) white (Variety B). Parameters considered were: Threshing efficiency (Te), Seed damage (Sd) and Mechanical efficiency (Me). The results show that Te, Sd and Me were (91, 6 and 44%), respectively. Issues on cowpea threshing and its improvement were discussed. © 2011 Academic Journals.	Cowpea; Manual; Performance; Threshing; Varieties	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-39549104681	Performance evaluation of a biogas stove for cooking in Nigeria	Ltodo I.N., Agyo G.E., Yusuf P.	2007	Journal of Energy in Southern Africa	18	4	None	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria; Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria	Ltodo, I.N., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria; Agyo, G.E., Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria; Yusuf, P., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria	A biogas stove was designed, constructed and its performance evaluated using a 3 m 3 continuousflow Indian type biogas plant at the Teaching and Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria. The biogas plant was operated with cattle dung as feedstock in the ratio of 1 part of dung to 2 parts of water at a retention time of 30 days and daily loading rate of 100 kg of slurry. The performance of the stove was evaluated by boiling water, cooking rice and beans and the time taken to perform specific tasks determined from a stop watch. The amount of biogas used in boiling and cooking was determined from the operating pressure of the plant measured from a manometer that was placed between the stove and the plant. The results obtained showed that 0.14 I of water was boiled in 1 minute while 5.13 g of rice and 2.55 g of beans cooked in a minute. The biogas consumption for boiling water, cooking rice and beans was 0.69m 3/min, 2.81m 3/min and 4.87m 3/min respectively. The efficiency of the stove in boiling water, cooking rice and beans was 20%, 56% and 53% respectively.	Biogas stove; Cooking; Nigeria; Performance evaluation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84884684641	Effect of insulating materials on performance of a solar heater	Aremu A.K., Akinoso R.	2013	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	8	2	10.3923/jeasci.2013.64.68	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Aremu, A.K., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Akinoso, R., Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Insulator influences performance efficiency of the solar heater. In order to reduce the cost of solar device, it is advisable to use as local insulating material. Some agricultural wastes are abundant and causing environmental nuisance in Nigeria. This research focussed on use of some agricultural waste as insulator in box-type solar device. A box-type solar heater was developed. Dried insulating materials (maize cob, air, maize husk, coconut coir and polyurethane foam) were used to fill the space between the inner and outer boxes in such a way that there was an 80 mm thickness of insulating materials all around between the inner box and the outer box. The space housing the insulating materials was sealed with four pieces of plywood noggins. Heat retention and water abilities of the solar device were tested for period of 3 years. Peak stagnation temperatures for 1st to 3rd year were 159, 140 and 138°C, respectively. These were obtained using coconut coir (1st and 2nd year) and polyurethane foam (3rd year). During the dry season, shortest duration taken to heat 1 and 1.5 L of water was 50 and 65 min, respectively in coconut coir insulated device. Time required to boil 1 L of water in wet season ranged from 120-170 min. Comparatively the orders of performance were coconut coir, polyurethane foam, maize cob, maize husk and air. The evidence from performance evaluation indicates that agricultural by-products like maize husk, maize cob and coconut coir can perform as solar device insulator. © Medwell Journals, 2013.	Agricultural waste; Heating; Insulator; Nigeria; Solar device	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-70350173092	Impact assessment of water scarcity at Somntongo in the lowveld region of Swaziland	Mijinyawa Y., Dlamini S.S.	2008	Scientific Research and Essays	3	2	None	Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Land Use and Mechanization, University of Swaziland, Luyengo Campus, Swaziland	Mijinyawa, Y., Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Dlamini, S.S., Department of Land Use and Mechanization, University of Swaziland, Luyengo Campus, Swaziland	A survey was conducted to assess the impact of water scarcity in Somntongo, in the lowveld region of Swaziland. The study adopted the use of questionnaire, interview schedules and focused group discussions. Information sought included sources of water, distances between water sources and places of residence, and the effect of water scarcity on the various aspects of human activities. The study revealed that only two rivers and five boreholes were the major sources of water while distances of as much as 5 - 20 km were covered in search of water. In about 82% of the homesteads, the water use was about 3.3 litres/head/day and 2.3 litres/livestock/day. These are quite low compared to the minimum standards of 25 litres/head/day, and between 25 and 35 litres/livestock/day. Water scarcity has resulted in the death of livestocks; some cultivated crops have withered while others are not cultivated for lack of irrigation water. In some instances, schools have temporarily been closed due to water shortages. Construction of more boreholes and dams can reduce the water scarcity and promote the standard of living in the community. © 2008 Academic Journals.	Agriculture; Harvesting; Irrigation; Scarcity; Swaziland; Water	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84907994204	The impact of irrigation technology on the financial and economic performance of smallholder irrigation in Zimbabwe	Mupaso N., Manzungu E., Mutambara J., Hanyani-Mlambo B.	2014	Irrigation and Drainage	63	4	10.1002/ird.1820	Department of Agricultural Economics and Development, Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe; Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of Zimbabwe, Mt Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe; Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Zimbabwe, Mt Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe	Mupaso, N., Department of Agricultural Economics and Development, Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe; Manzungu, E., Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of Zimbabwe, Mt Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe; Mutambara, J., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Zimbabwe, Mt Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe; Hanyani-Mlambo, B., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Zimbabwe, Mt Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe	The study assessed the impact of irrigation technology on the financial and economic performance of smallholder irrigation in Zimbabwe. The study was conducted in 2011 in the Hamamavhaire and Mhende irrigation schemes in Chirumanzu District (south-central Zimbabwe). A questionnaire survey was administered to 79 respondents drawn from farmers using sprinkler (n=32), flood (n=39) and drip (n=8) systems. Gross margin analysis, in conjunction with cost-benefit analysis, was used to evaluate the financial and economic performance of farmers. Farmers using the sprinkler system obtained the highest total gross margin per hectare (US$2762), followed by the flood system with returns that were 21% lower (US$2191), while the drip system recorded 50% lower returns (US$1387). Economic analysis indicated the superiority of the flood system (NPV=US$36 699; IRR=42% and BCR=4) compared to sprinkler irrigation (NPV=US$27 813; IRR=38%; BCR=2) and the drip system (NPV=US$25 393; IRR=23%; BCR=2). While the flood system was the most desirable from the financial and economic points of view, because of low operational costs, this could be offset by negative environmental impacts. The study concluded that the choice of one particular irrigation technology over another is a fine balance between efficiencies that can be achieved and the development and operational costs. Irrigation technology alone does not determine financial and economic viability. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.	Cost-benefit analysis; Economic performance; Irrigation technology; Sensitivity analysis; Smallholder; Zimbabwe	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84883764127	Performance of supervised enterprise projects (SEPS) conducted by Sasakawa Africa fund for extension education (SAFE) students of Bayero university Kano, Nigeria	Daneji M.I., Akeredolu M., Suleiman A., Suleiman M.S.	2013	Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education	20	2	None	Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria; Sasakawa Africa Fund for Extension Education, Nigeria; Bayero University, Nigeria	Daneji, M.I., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria; Akeredolu, M., Sasakawa Africa Fund for Extension Education, Nigeria; Suleiman, A., Bayero University, Nigeria; Suleiman, M.S., Bayero University, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	Capacity building; Extension staff; Supervised enterprise projects	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-34548150699	Evaluation of poultry egg marketing in South-Western Nigeria	Afolabi J.A.	2007	International Journal of Poultry Science	6	5	None	Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	Afolabi, J.A., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	The study evaluated poultry egg marketing in Nigeria. It specifically identified the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, examined the market structure for egg in the study area, determined the profitability of egg marketing and determined the influence of some socio-economic characteristics on the sales revenue of respondents. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 200 egg marketers in the study area and structured questionnaire administered on them. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentages were used to analyze the socio-economic characteristics of respondents while Gross margin analysis was employed to determine the profitability of the egg business in the study area. Gini coefficient was used to examine the market structure while production function was used to determine the influence of some factors on the sales revenue of respondents. The result showed that only 10% of the respondents were single while the remaining 90% were married. A literacy level of 70.50% was obtained among these marketers. Analysis also revealed that 67% of these marketers were retailers while only 10% were producer/sellers. The profitability analysis showed that an average marketer earned · 4222.55 as gross margin per month. The Gini coefficient of 0.87692 obtained in this study indicates a high level of inequality in income among the respondents. The result also revealed that the regressors explained about 67.1% in the variability of the regressand. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2007.	Poultry egg marketing; Profitability of egg business; Socio-economic characteristics	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84880689687	Perceived social impacts of disease outbreak among livestock farmers along border villages of South Africa and Namibia	Oladele O.I., Antwi M.A., Kolawole A.E.	2013	Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances	12	2	10.3923/javaa.2013.168.172	Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2735 Mmabatho, South Africa	Oladele, O.I., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2735 Mmabatho, South Africa; Antwi, M.A., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2735 Mmabatho, South Africa; Kolawole, A.E., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2735 Mmabatho, South Africa	This study examines the perceived social impacts of disease outbreak among livestock farmers along border villages of South Africa and Namibia. This was due to the high volume of trans-boundary activities particularly with respect to animals. The Northern Cape shares boundary with Namibia. The population of study is all livestock producers in border villages along Northern Cape provinces, a mix of purposive and random sampling were used to select 140 respondents for the study. Data were collected through the use of questionnaires, on farmers personal and farm characteristics and farmers perceived social impacts of disease outbreak. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze farmers personal and farm characteristics. Regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between livestock farmers' perceived social impacts of disease outbreak and other study variables. The results show that 32% of the livestock farmers fall within the age 61 years and above 83.6% of the farmers are male, 56.4% of the farmers are married; most of the farmers are literate, 67.9% of the respondents have less than five dependents, 97.9% of the farmers have livestock based farming system, 70% reported that they have no contact with extension agent, 89.3% have access to market. Significant determinant of perceived social impacts of disease outbreak are marital status (t = 3.753), farm size (t = -1.82), farming experience (t = -1.836). ©Medwell Journals, 2013.	Disease outbreak; Farm; Livestock farmers; Perception; Social impacts	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84883822987	The effects of human resource management and socio demographic characteristics on performance of extension agents in Kwara state of Nigeria	Annor-Frempong F.	2013	Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education	20	2	None	Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, School of Agriculture, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana	Annor-Frempong, F., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, School of Agriculture, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana	[No abstract available]	Capacity building and socio-economic characteristics; Extension personnel; Human resource management; Job performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84929991535	Simulating the Impact of Exogenous Food Price Shock on Agriculture and the Poor in Nigeria: Results from a Computable General Equilibrium Model	Nkang N.M., Omonona B.T., Yusuf S.A., Oni O.A.	2013	Economic Analysis and Policy	43	1	10.1016/S0313-5926(13)50005-1	Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Nkang, N.M., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria; Omonona, B.T., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Yusuf, S.A., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Oni, O.A., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Motivated by the recent global economic crisis, this paper simulated the impact of a rise in the price of imported food on agriculture and household poverty in Nigeria using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model and the Foster, Greer and Thorbecke (FGT) class of decomposable poverty measures on the 2006 social accounting matrix (SAM) of Nigeria and the updated 2004 Nigeria Living Standards Survey (NLSS) data. Results show that a rise in import price of food increased domestic output of food, but reduced the domestic supply of other agricultural commodities as well as food and other agricultural composites. Furthermore, a rise in the import price of food increased poverty nationally and among all household groups, with rural-north households being the least affected by the shock, while their rural-south counterparts were the most affected. A major policy implication drawn from this paper is that high import prices in import competing sectors like agriculture tend to favour the sector but exacerbate poverty in households. Thus, efforts geared at addressing the impact of this shock should strive to balance welfare and efficiency issues. © 2013 Economic Society of Australia (Queensland) Inc.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-82655173307	Performance of smallholder agriculture under limited mechanization and the fast track land reform program in Zimbabwe	Obi A., Chisango F.F.	2011	International Food and Agribusiness Management Review	14	4	None	Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, Eastern Cape, 5700, South Africa	Obi, A., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, Eastern Cape, 5700, South Africa; Chisango, F.F., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, Eastern Cape, 5700, South Africa	The Zimbabwean government has long been committed to expansion of agricultural production through mechanization and pursued this goal under the unpopular fast track land reform program (FTLRP). The acquisition and use of tractors by arable crop farmers in communal and resettlement state land were encouraged. This research examines the performance of the program in the Bindura District. Ninety farmers were interviewed using a multistage sampling technique of structured questionnaires to collect data on demographic background, investment levels and production in terms of costs and returns. The Stochastic Frontier Model revealed the significant impact of the program on participating farmers, highlighting the significance of land and other productive factors. While overall production and productivity remain low, triggering a hyperinflationary situation due to supply constraints, practical implications for agribusinesses are foreseen. © 2011 International Food and Agribusiness Management Association (IFAMA).	Agribusiness management; Agricultural development; Agricultural mechanization; Fast track land reform; Stochastic frontier model; Technical efficiency	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-68949113614	Improved rice variety adoption and its welfare impact on rural farming households in akwa ibom state of Nigeria	Joshua Udoh E., Titus Omonona B.	2008	Journal of New Seeds	9	2	10.1080/15228860802087305	Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Joshua Udoh, E., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria; Titus Omonona, B., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	In this study cross-sectional data from 200 rice farmers were used to examine the various factors that influence the adoption of improved rice varieties distributed by the State Agricultural Development Programme (AKADEP) and its welfare impact on the farmers. The Foster, Greer and Thorbecke (FGT) class of measures was used to determine the incidence, the depth and severity of poverty among rice farming households who are adopters and non-adopters of improved rice varieties. The incidence, depth, and severity of poverty were higher among households who were non-adopters of improved rice varieties. The Tobit regression model was used to determine the factors that affect adoption and poverty. Educational attainment, access to extension agents, access to credit, access to augmented inputs, farm size, and crop yield were significant determinants of adoption of improved rice varieties. The results of the determinants of household poverty revealed that age, educational attainment, extent of commercialization and probability of adoption negatively influenced household poverty, whereas household size exerted a positive impact on the household poverty levels. The negative impact of adoption of improved rice varieties on household poverty implicitly showed improvement in households'; welfare that had adopted improved rice varieties. These results generally suggest the relevance of adoption of improved rice varieties in improving the welfare of rice farming households. It also suggests relevance of human capital indices like education and extension services as drivers of poverty alleviation and dissemination of new innovations to farming households.	Adoption; Improved rice varieties; Nigeria; Rural farming household; Welfare	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80051567838	The farm decision role of price information from commodity exchanges: An ex-ante evaluation using quasi-rational price expectations in Ethiopia	Getnet K., Verbeke W., D'Haese M., Viaene J., D'Haese L.	2011	African Journal of Agricultural Research	6	15	None	Department of Agricultural Economics, Ambo University College, Ambo, Ethiopia; Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium	Getnet, K., Department of Agricultural Economics, Ambo University College, Ambo, Ethiopia; Verbeke, W., Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; D'Haese, M., Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Viaene, J., Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; D'Haese, L., Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium	Farmers use different information to predict future returns upon which they base current decisions. In designing information systems, knowledge about the information set used by farmers is relevant to have insight into the necessary information that should be made available for farmers. Using quasirational forecasting regression analysis to represent producer price expectation formation, the usefulness of disseminating real time information about the central wholesale prices discovered by the Ethiopian commodity exchange was tested. The results showed that the information about central wholesale prices can help farmers to make unbiased price forecasts. Effective dissemination of real time price information discovered through the Ethiopian commodity exchange was fully supported by the empirical insights from this study. © 2011 Academic Journals.	Ethiopia; Market information; Prices; Quasi-rational expectation; Smallholders	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84874908954	Effect of supervisors' specialization on job performance of agriculture science teachers in Botswana Junior Secondary Schools	Molefhe L., Oladele O.I.	2012	Life Science Journal	9	3	None	Department of Agricultural Economics, Education and Extension, Botswana College of Agriculture, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana; Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa	Molefhe, L., Department of Agricultural Economics, Education and Extension, Botswana College of Agriculture, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana; Oladele, O.I., Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa	This paper examines the effect of supervisors' specialization on job performance of agriculture science teachers in Junior Secondary Schools. A simple random technique was used to select 49 agricultural science teachers and 13 supervisors. The teachers were divided into those whose supervisors specialize in agriculture science (ATAS) and those with supervisors do not (ATNAS). Data collected with a structured questionnaire that was face validity and has reliability coefficient of 0.92 were analyzed. The results shows that majority of ATAS and ATNAS indicated that a higher proportion of the supervisors who have the same subject specialization perform their supervisory roles than supervisors who do not specialize in the same subjects. Significant differences exist in the perceived effect of supervision (F = 27.93, p < 0.05) and between ATAS and ATNAS, on Supervisors' specialization (t = 14.97, p < 0.05), and job performance (t = -3.00, p < 0.05).	Agriculture science; Botswana; Subject specialization; Supervision; Teachers	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879304642	The impact of micro financing on poverty levels of rural women farm households in Abia State, Nigeria; implication for policy intervention	Ezeh C.I., Anyiro C.O.	2013	Journal of Central European Agriculture	14	2	10.5513/JCEA01/14.2.1245	Department of Agricultural Economics, Extension Abia State University, Umuahia Campus, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria	Ezeh, C.I., Department of Agricultural Economics, Extension Abia State University, Umuahia Campus, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria; Anyiro, C.O., Department of Agricultural Economics, Extension Abia State University, Umuahia Campus, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria	This study determined the impact of micro-finance on poverty level of rural women farm households in Abia State, Nigeria: Implication for policy intervention. A multistage random sampling technique was used to select the local government areas, communities and respondents in the three (Aba, Ohafia and Umuahia) agricultural zones of the State. The sample size was 240 (120 a piece for rural women farmer borrowers and non borrowers). Instrument of data collection was a set of structured and pre-tested questionnaire administered on both groups of rural women farmers. The result indicated that incidence of poverty or head count ratio was 0.558 for the rural women farmers borrowers and 0.933 for the rural women farmer non borrowers; poverty gap otherwise known as income short fall was 0.4547 for the rural women farmer borrowers and 0.6995 for the rural women farmer non borrowers. The result of the paired t-test showed that micro-finance impacted significantly on annual farm income, farm size and fertilizer use level of rural women farmer borrowers at given levels of significance. It was however, recommended that increased subsidy policy on agro-inputs and increased funding by the micro-finance will significantly aim at reducing the poverty levels of these women.	Impact; Micro-financing; Poverty levels; Rural women farm households	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77955778908	The impact of the water rights system on smallholder irrigators' willingness to pay for water in Limpopo province, South Africa	Speelman S., Farolfi S., Frija A., D'Haese M., D'Haese L.	2010	Environment and Development Economics	15	4	10.1017/S1355770X10000161	Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium; CIRAD, UMR G Eau, Centre for Environmental Economics and Policy in Africa (CEEPA), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Department of Applied Biological Sciences, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium	Speelman, S., Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium; Farolfi, S., CIRAD, UMR G Eau, Centre for Environmental Economics and Policy in Africa (CEEPA), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Frija, A., Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium; D'Haese, M., Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium; D'Haese, L., Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium	Water rights are currently receiving increased attention from scholars and policymakers due to the growing understanding that ill-defined water rights impair efficient use. In South Africa, smallholder irrigation faces problems of low water use efficiency and cost recovery of government investments. This study uses contingent ranking to analyse the willingness to pay (WTP) of smallholder irrigators for changes in the water rights system. The results indicate that smallholders are prepared to pay considerably higher water prices if these are connected to improvements in the water rights system. By segmenting the population it was also shown that the importance attached to water rights dimensions varies in each segment. While lower institutional trust and lower income levels lead to a lower WTP for transferability, experiencing water shortage increases this WTP. Such information is valuable in guiding policy makers in the future design of water rights. © 2010 Cambridge University Press.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84862224502	Impact of Migrant Remittances on the Welfare of Arable Crop Farm Households in South Eastern Nigeria	Nwaru J.C., Iheke O.R., Onyenweaku C.E.	2011	Human Ecology Review	18	2	None	Department of Agricultural Economics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria	Nwaru, J.C., Department of Agricultural Economics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria; Iheke, O.R., Department of Agricultural Economics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria; Onyenweaku, C.E., Department of Agricultural Economics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria	This study attempted to examine the impact of migrant remittances on the welfare of arable crop farm households. Primary data were collected from a random sample of 120 respondents comprising 60 each of migrants' remittance receiving and non-remittance receiving households through the cost route method. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution, regression analysis and Chow's test statistic. Results of the analyses show that sex of household head, household size, household age composition, income and sector of employment were the significant factors influencing the welfare of the remittance receiving households while sex, years of education, composition of household work force and sector of employment were the significant factors influencing the welfare of the non-remittance receiving households. The Chow's test revealed that the remittance receiving households have higher welfare status than their non remittance receiving counterparts. Therefore, policies for enhancing migrant remittances and their optimum channeling and use were recommended. © Society for Human Ecology.	Farm Households; Migrant Remittances; Welfare	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84908210702	Patterns and Impact of Public Expenditure on Agriculture: Empirical Evidence from Benue State, Nigeria	Ani D.P., Biam C.K., Kantiok M.	2014	Journal of Agricultural and Food Information	15	4	10.1080/10496505.2014.958933	Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria	Ani, D.P., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria; Biam, C.K., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria; Kantiok, M., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria	This study assessed the budgetary allocation to agriculture in Benue State. Secondary data were collected for 10 years from Annual Reports of the Accountant General, Central Bank of Nigeria statistical publications, and Benue State Agricultural and Rural Development Authority (BNARDA). Descriptive statistics and regression were used to analyze the data. The result revealed that the Nigerian Government allocates only 8% of its annual budget to the agricultural sector, with the crop subsector being the most preferred (77.34%). The result of the regression analysis indicated a negative and nonsignificant (−3.3610) contribution to agricultural production. The Government should not only raise the fund allocation to the agricultural sector but devise adequate monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to ensure increased productivity. © 2014, Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77953355255	Climatic variability and its impacts on agricultural income and households' welfare in Southern and Northern Nigeria	Oyekale A.S.	2009	Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry	8	1	None	Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Oyekale, A.S., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	This study assessed variability in some weather variables and its impacts on agricultural incomes in northern and southern Nigeria. To achieve these, we combined time series weather variables obtained from some meteorological stations in Nigeria with household cross-sectional data collected by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). The descriptive and regression methods were used to analyze the data. The results show high variability in some weather with rainfall exhibiting the highest variability between 1971 and 2003. Impacts of climatic changes on agricultural income and welfare were modeled with climaterelated variables like variability indices of annual for 1971-2003, actual annual rainfall data in 2003, time for gathering fuel wood, time for fetching water and season of interview. It was found that agricultural income and welfare in northern part of Nigeria will be more negatively affected by climatic changes than southern part. The study recommended development of alternative energy sources, promotion of irrigate agriculture and skill development for combating adverse climatic changes, among others.	Agricultural; Climatic variability; Nigeria	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84887524739	Evaluation of the hydropower potential of Otamiri river for electric power generation	Okorafor O.O., Okereke N.A.A., Egwuonwu C.C.	2013	Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology	6	24	None	Department of Agricultural Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, P.M.B 1526, Imo State, Owerri, Nigeria	Okorafor, O.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, P.M.B 1526, Imo State, Owerri, Nigeria; Okereke, N.A.A., Department of Agricultural Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, P.M.B 1526, Imo State, Owerri, Nigeria; Egwuonwu, C.C., Department of Agricultural Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, P.M.B 1526, Imo State, Owerri, Nigeria	This research presents the estimation of the hydropower potential of River Otamiri through the hydrological analysis of the elements of climate as it affects its catchment area (section passing through the Federal University of Technology Owerri). The study involves the estimation of maximum design floods for the watershed using the Gumbels Probability Distribution Method for various return periods (Tr) with the development of unit hydrograph, storm hydrograph, runoffhydrograph and flood duration curve for the catchment area of the river. In addition watershed parameters like peak flow (Qp), lag time (Tl), time of concentration (Tc) and rainfall intensity (Ic) were determined using the soil conservation service method and other empirical formulas. In order to determine the available flow for power generation, the stage/head of the river was estimated from records provided by the River Basin Development Authority (R.B.D.A) and flow duration analyses were carried out. The analysis revealed that for time flows of 50, 75 and 100% the following energy values were obtained 34.5 MW, 11.3 MW and 1.5 MW, respectively. © Maxwell Scientific Organization, 2013.	Hydropower; Hydropower potential; River Otamiri	None	None
None	None	Impact of agricultural technology adoption on asset ownership: the case of improved cassava varieties in Nigeria	Awotide B.A., Alene A.D., Abdoulaye T., Manyong V.M.	2015	Food Security	7	6	10.1007/s12571-015-0500-7	Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Lilongwe, Malawi; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania	Awotide, B.A., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Alene, A.D., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria; Abdoulaye, T., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Lilongwe, Malawi; Manyong, V.M., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania	Using household survey data from a sample of about 850 households selected from six States in south-west Nigeria, this paper analyses the effects of the adoption of improved cassava varieties (ICVs) on asset ownership among smallholder farmers. The results of the linear regression with endogenous treatment effects showed that adoption of ICVs is positively related to asset ownership. The results further showed that ICVs had greater impact on asset ownership among female-headed households. The impact analysis using propensity score matching (PSM) showed a significant and positive effect of adoption of ICVs on asset ownership and a negative effect on asset poverty. The empirical results suggest that improved agricultural technologies can play a key role in strengthening asset ownership of smallholder farmers for increased agricultural productivity and income generation. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht and International Society for Plant Pathology.	Adoption; Assets; Cassava; Farmer; Impact; Nigeria; Poverty; PSM	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84858633477	Productivity impact differential of improved rice technology adoption among rice farming households in Nigeria	Dontsop Nguezet P.M., Okoruwa V.O., Adeoti A.I., Adenegan K.O.	2012	Journal of Crop Improvement	26	1	10.1080/15427528.2011.608246	Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Dontsop Nguezet, P.M., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Okoruwa, V.O., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Adeoti, A.I., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Adenegan, K.O., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	The contribution of technological change to agricultural productivity in developing countries has long been documented. It is believed that the adoption of new agricultural technologies, such as high-yielding varieties, could lead to significant increases in agricultural productivity and stimulate the transition from low-productivity, subsistence agriculture to a high-productivity agro-industrial economy. The article uses the local average treatment effect (LATE) to estimate the impact of adoption of improved rice varieties on rice farmers' productivity in the three major rice ecologies of Nigeria. A stratified random sampling was adopted by the study to select a sample of 500 rice farmers across ecologies. Findings of the analysis indicated that adoption of improved varieties helped raise farmers' area harvested and yield per hectare, respectively, by 0.39 hectare and 217.9 kg/ha for NERICA and 0.51 hectare and 210.4 kg/ha for other improved varieties, thereby increasing their productivity. In addition, NERICA varieties performed better than any other upland improved variety and the impact of its adoption on both area harvested and yield was greater among female rice farmers than among their male counterparts. Intervention programs to increase the dissemination of high-yielding rice varieties to areas with low productivity are, therefore, a reasonable policy instrument. © 2012 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.	Impact; Improved rice technologies; Local average treatment effect; Nigeria; Productivity	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84862067780	The adoption and productivity impacts of improved management practices on lowland rice production in Niger State, Nigeria	Rahji M.A.Y.	2008	Tropical Agriculture	85	3	None	Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	Rahji, M.A.Y., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria	The study sought to identify the factors influencing rice producers' adoption of improved management practices and its impacts on their productivity in Niger State, Nigeria. The data came from a sample survey of the study area. A switching regression model comprising of probit model and production functions was adopted in data analysis. The probit model identified six key significant variables as those influencing adoption by the farmers. These are farm size, extension services, credit, farm income and the land tenure arrangement. The production function analyses indicate a structural shift in the production parameters of the adopters and significant productivity differentials between the groups. Farmland redistribution, farm income improvement, effective extension delivery services, adequate supply of improved seeds and credit delivery system were recommended.	Improved practices adoption; Niger State; Nigeria; Productivity differentials; Rice production	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903481902	Influence of time of decomposition of plants materials on okra performance in ogbomoso, guinea savanna zone of South-West, Nigeria	Ajibola A.T., Fasola I.A., Modupeola T.O.	2014	Journal of Agronomy	13	3	10.3923/ja.2014.122.126	Department of Agronomy, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB, Ogbomoso, 4000, Oyo State, Nigeria; National Horticulture Research Institute, Idisin Jericho, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	Ajibola, A.T., Department of Agronomy, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB, Ogbomoso, 4000, Oyo State, Nigeria; Fasola, I.A., Department of Agronomy, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB, Ogbomoso, 4000, Oyo State, Nigeria; Modupeola, T.O., National Horticulture Research Institute, Idisin Jericho, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria	Field trial was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso in 2012 to determine the effect of plant biomass types and time of decomposition on the growth and yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) moench). The treatment was a split plot laid out in randomized complete block design. The treatments involved two organic fertilizer types (Neem and Tithonia plant biomass), no fertilizer application (control) and five periods of incorporation (0, 3, 4, 5 and 6 weeks before planting) making a total of ten treatment combinations replicated three times with Okra as the test crop. Data were collected on growth parameters and yield attributes of Okra. The parameters assessed were significantly influenced (p<0.05) by the applied plant biomass types. The highest plant height, number of leaves stem circumference and Suits plant-1 were recorded at 6 weeks before planting irrespective of the plant biomass types. The significantly higher fruit weight were recorded at 4, 5 and 6 weeks before planting irrespective of the plant biomass types. The best performance of Okra in terms of growth were obtained from neem plant biomass type and the best yield was obtained from tithonia plant biomass type while those with no fertilizer recorded the least values. In conclusion, the growth and yield of Okra were improved by plant biomass types and best performance of Okra in terms of growth were obtained from neem plant biomass type while the best yield was obtained from tithonia plant biomass type and 4, 5 or 6 weeks before planting is adjudged as the best period for incorporation of plant biomass in Ogbomoso, Guinea Savanna zone of south west, Nigeria. © 2014 Asian Network for Scientific Information.	Growth and yield; Incorporation period; Okra; Plant biomass	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79251517743	Performance of forest management committees in Cross River state, Nigeria	Ogar A.M., Enete A.A.	2010	Outlook on Agriculture	39	4	10.5367/oa.2010.0020	Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Ogar, A.M., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Enete, A.A., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Forest and tree resources are of extreme importance to mankind because they provide a wide variety of useful products that feature in our everyday lives. However, the forest estate of Nigeria is being depleted at an unsustainable annual rate of 3.5% and the Sahara Desert is encroaching southward by about one kilometre each year. The Nigerian state-led forest management structure has failed to check this trend; hence the introduction of forest management committees (FMCs), representing a participatory (including the government) forest management structure led by the owner community. This study examines the performance of FMCs in Cross River state. Information was obtained through oral interviews with officials and a questionnaire survey of other respondents. The results of the data analysis show that the intensity of forest management practices was significantly higher in communities with FMCs than in those without. In communities without FMCs, household income from forestry was derived mainly from timber products and was significantly higher than in communities with FMCs, where forestry income was mainly from non-wood forest products. This shows the level of forestry restriction and regulation obtainable in communities with FMCs. Among the factors identified as influencing respondents' perceptions about the use of FMCs, five were positive and statistically significant: age, level of education, level of household income from forestry, regular harvest of forest products and presence of an erosion problem in the community. The Likert scale rating of the constraints encountered by FMCs indicated that the most challenging of these were: lack of commitment of members, change in government policies, financial constraints, inter- and intra-community conflicts, inadequate support from community leadership and a negative attitude on the part of the community to forest conservation.	Forest resources; Nigeria; Participatory forest management; Sustainability	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-80053082704	The impact of land transfers in the different agricultural sectors of the North West Province	Cloete P.C., van Schalkwyk H.D., Idsardi E.F.	2011	African Journal of Agricultural Research	6	19	None	Department of Agricultural Economics, University of the Free State, P. O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa; North West University, Private Bag X6001, Internal Box 375, Potchefstroom, 2530, South Africa	Cloete, P.C., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of the Free State, P. O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa; van Schalkwyk, H.D., North West University, Private Bag X6001, Internal Box 375, Potchefstroom, 2530, South Africa; Idsardi, E.F., North West University, Private Bag X6001, Internal Box 375, Potchefstroom, 2530, South Africa	Imbalances and inefficiency fostered by the policies of the previous South African government necessitate changes to reduce the imbalance of the past and enhance the inclusiveness and competitiveness of the agricultural industry. Against this background, the policy of land reform was initiated. In theory, the agricultural land reform policy might appear effective; given that agriculture is a major contributor to rural economic growth and development. Broadening the economic activities of previous disadvantaged individuals through the acquisition and cultivation of land will help to rebuild and strengthen the rural communities. However, the outcomes of this policy has to date not seen the desired results regarding rural economic development and poverty reduction. Many of the foreseen positive aspects of the land reform policy are also contributors to the potentially negative outcomes of the policy. This makes this specific policy controversial and subject of heated debate. Transfers of land in the various agricultural sectors will impact differently on social-and economic factors. Unless a proper understanding of the impact of transferring land in the different agricultural sectors is established, the controversy around the potential impact of land reform will continue. To obtain a better understanding of this impact, the study employed a Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) based partial equilibrium model. Results from the model revealed that the negative impact of the land reform policy largely overshadows the positive effects. Moreover, transfers within the larger agricultural sub-sectors will result in more significant social and economic impacts. Thus, the implementation of the agricultural land reform policy needs to be radical and calculative; otherwise it will result in false expectations, hardship and poverty. © 2011 Academic Journals.	Economic and social impacts; Land reform; Partial equilibrium model	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896978801	Impacts of the SADC free trade agreement on South African agricultural trade	Fadeyi O.A., Bahta T.Y., Ogundeji A.A., Willemse B.J.	2014	Outlook on Agriculture	43	1	10.5367/oa.2014.0154	Department of Agricultural Economics, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Fadeyi, O.A., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Bahta, T.Y., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Ogundeji, A.A., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Willemse, B.J., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa	Trade is an essential component of modern society, with nations signing bilateral trade agreements to engage in various forms of economic integration. Developing countries in southern Africa are also involved in economic integration to underpin development. The Southern African Development Community (SADC) became a free trade area in 2008 for the economic integration of its members. This study evaluates the impact of the SADC Free Trade Agreement (SADC FTA) on South African agricultural trade using the Poisson Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood (PPML) specification of gravity model to determine the significance of variables within the model. Bilateral trade data were obtained from the United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics (UN Comtrade) database and the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), while data on gross domestic product and population were sourced from the World Bank Development Indicators (WDI) database. The results show that there has been a net trade-creating effect and increasing intra-SADC bloc trade in beef. Intra-regional trade in maize has also been stimulated by the implementation of the agreement.	Gravity model; Regional agreements; South africa; Trade creation; Trade diversion	None	None
None	None	Rice for food and income: Assessing the impact of rice research on food security in the Kyela and Kilombero districts of Tanzania	Mwaseba D.L., Kaarhus R., Johnsen F.H., Mattee A.Z., Mvena Z.S.K.	2007	Outlook on Agriculture	36	4	None	Department of Agricultural Education and Extension, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania; Department of International Environment and Development Studies (Noragric), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (UMB), PO Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway	Mwaseba, D.L., Department of Agricultural Education and Extension, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania; Kaarhus, R., Department of International Environment and Development Studies (Noragric), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (UMB), PO Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway; Johnsen, F.H., Department of International Environment and Development Studies (Noragric), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (UMB), PO Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway; Mattee, A.Z., Department of Agricultural Education and Extension, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania; Mvena, Z.S.K., Department of Agricultural Education and Extension, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania	This paper assesses the impact of rice research on household food security in Tanzania. The adoption of research-based innovations in rice farming, on which the impact of rice research is assumed to depend, is outlined. Rice production and consumption levels are presented. The paper shows that farmers produce rice for meeting a range of livelihood outcomes, including food security. However, meeting household needs such as education, health and building good houses are as important as food security. In this context, it is argued that food security should be understood within the framework of household livelihood strategies rather than being seen as dependent on household rice production.	Food security; Impact assessment; Livelihoods; Rice research; Tanzania	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84873470588	Home influences on the academic performance of agricultural science students in Ikwuano Local Government Area of Abia State, Nigeria	Ndirika M.C., Njoku U.J.	2012	Research in Education	88	1	10.7227/RIE.88.1.7	Department of Agricultural Education, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria	Ndirika, M.C., Department of Agricultural Education, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria; Njoku, U.J., Department of Agricultural Education, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria	This study was conducted to investigate the home influences on the academic performance of agricultural science secondary school students in Ikwuano Local Government Area of Abia State. The instrument used in data collection was a validated questionnaire structured on a two point rating scale. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 150 students from nine secondary schools. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics: frequency and mean to investigate the influence of students' participation in practical agriculture at home, students' engagement in extra lessons, parental influence and parents' motivation to their children. Results indicated that involvement in practical agriculture at home, having extra lessons at home, having a reading timetable and enough textbooks, parents checking of their children's school work, prompt payment of school fees and intact family positively affect the academic performance of agricultural science students. Recommendations were made among which is the need for students to be involved in extra lessons at home and in practical agriculture. © Manchester University Press.	Academic performance; Agriculture; Home; Influence; Science	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78649759162	Performance evaluation of a palm fruit bunch stripper	Ojomo A.O., Ologunagba F.O., Alagha S.A.	2010	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	5	9	None	Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria	Ojomo, A.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Ologunagba, F.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Alagha, S.A., Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria	A palm fruit stripper that was designed and fabricated at the Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo was evaluated for the stripping of quartered bunches. Studies were conducted on the effect of machine speed (1500rpm, 2000rpm and 2500rpm) and the time of steaming (10min, 20min and 30min) on the machine out-put capacity, efficiency and quality performance efficiency. The performance of the palm fruit stripper was evaluated at different levels of machine and crop variables. Machine speed and time of steaming statistically affected the machine performance at 5% significance level using the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The performance was found to be influenced by all studied variables, however, the machine gave the best stripping efficiency of 93.4%, quality performance of 91.2% and output capacity of 74.9kg/hr with the least damaged seed of 0.4% at 2500rpm machine speed and 30mins time of steaming, when compared with other combinations of variables. © 2006-2010 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN). All rights reserved.	Efficiency; Output capacity; Palm fruit bunch stripper; Performance evaluation; Steaming; Time	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79951703159	Evaluation of the parameters affecting the solvent extraction of soybea oil	Lawson O.S., Oyewumi A., Ologunagba F.O., Ojomo A.O.	2010	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	5	10	None	Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria	Lawson, O.S., Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Oyewumi, A., Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Ologunagba, F.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Ojomo, A.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria	Soybean is grown primarily for its protein content and secondarily for its oil; it is an excellent protein supplement for enriching cereal diet. The primary processing of soybean before oil extraction include cleaning, cracking, flaking and conditioning, these ruptures the oil cells, for efficient extraction. Most modern oil extraction industries use the solvent extraction process and the solvent commonly used is the food grade hexane. In this paper detail experiments were carried out on the various processing parameters affecting the solvent extraction of soybean oil. Among the process factors considered are: particle size, flakes thickness, temperature of extraction, extraction time, flakes and particle moisture content. The results showed that, at a particle size of 2mm, flakes thickness of 0.25mm, moisture content of 12-13%, temperature of 69 °C and the extraction time between 3/12; and 4/12; hours, the oil yield was maximum. © 2006-2010 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN).	Extraction; Flakes; Miscella; Solvent; Soybean; Temperature	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-78649752336	Performance evaluation of a fish feed pelletizing machine	Ojomo A.O., Agbetoye L.A.S., Ologunagba F.O.	2010	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	5	9	None	Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria	Ojomo, A.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Agbetoye, L.A.S., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria; Ologunagba, F.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria	A pelletizing machine for the production of fish feed was designed and fabricated. It consists of a hopper, barrel which houses the screw conveyor (auger), the cutting knife and the die orifice. Power supply to the machine is from 2 kW, 1420 rpm single phase electric motor. The performance evaluation of the machine was carried out. The main objective was to investigate the effects of moisture contents and the speed of operation on the performance of the machine. It was observed that the pelletizing efficiency, throughput capacity and the percentage recovery of the machine increased with increase in moisture content and the speed of the machine. The machine showed higher throughput capacity of 19.7 kg/h with maximum pelletizing efficiency of 87.6%. Moisture content constituted a greater portion of variability in efficiency than speed. A unit increase in moisture content resulted in an increase of about 20% in pelletizing efficiency whereas a corresponding unit increase in speed only increased the pelletizing efficiency by 3%. The machine does not make use of steam thereby making it easier to operate. The adoption of the pelletizing machine by small and medium scale farmers would go a long way in helping them to produce their own feed with local contents thereby alleviating the problems associated with the sourcing of imported feeds. © 2006-2010 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN). All rights reserved.	Efficiency; Fish feed; Moisture content; Pelletizing machine; Performance evaluation; Speed	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84868283667	Irrigation scheduling impact assessment MODel (ISIAMOD): A decision tool for irrigation scheduling	Igbadun H.E.	2012	Indian Journal of Science and Technology	5	8	None	Department of Agricultural Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, P.M.B. 1044, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria	Igbadun, H.E., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, P.M.B. 1044, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria	This paper presents a process-based simulation known as Irrigation Scheduling Impact Assessment MODel (ISIAMOD). It was developed to simulate crop growth & yield, soil water balance and water management response indices to define the impact of irrigation scheduling decisions. ISIAMOD was calibrated and validated using data from field experiments on the irrigated maize crop conducted in an irrigation scheme located in south western Tanzania. The model adequately simulates crop biomass yield, grain yield, seasonal evapotranspiration and average soil moisture content in the crop effective rooting depth. Some unique features of this model make it a major improvement over the existing crop-soil simulation models. © Indian Society for Education and Environment (iSee).	Crop water productivity; Irrigation scheduling; ISIAMOD; Simulation model; Water management	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84882999295	Evaluating performance of vertical flow constructed wetland under various hydraulic loading rates in effluent polishing	Maina C.W., Mutua B.M., Oduor S.O.	2011	Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development	1	2	10.2166/washdev.2011.025	Department of Agricultural Engineering, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536 - 20115, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Biological Sciences, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536 - 20115, Nairobi, Kenya	Maina, C.W., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536 - 20115, Nairobi, Kenya; Mutua, B.M., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536 - 20115, Nairobi, Kenya; Oduor, S.O., Department of Biological Sciences, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536 - 20115, Nairobi, Kenya	The discharge of untreated wastewater or partially treated effluent and runoff from agricultural fields into water bodies is a major source of surface water pollution worldwide. To mitigate this problem, wastewater treatment using wastewater stabilization ponds and constructed wetlands have been promoted. The performance of such wastewater treatment systems is strongly dependent on their hydraulics, which if not properly considered during design or operation, may result in the partially treated effluent being discharged into water bodies. This paper presents results from a study that was carried out to evaluate the performance of a vertical flow constructed wetland system under varying hydraulic loading regimes. The influent and effluent samples from the constructed wetland were collected and analysed for physical, chemical and biological parameters of importance to water quality based on recommended standard laboratory methods. The data collected was useful in determining the treatment efficiency of the wetland. The hydraulic loading rate applied ranged between 0.014 and 0.174 m/day. Phosphorus reduction for the different hydraulic loading rates ranged between 92 and 47% for lowest and highest loading rates applied respectively. However, ammonium nitrogen reduction was not significantly affected by the different hydraulic loading rates, since the reduction ranged between 97 and 94%. © IWA Publishing 2011.	Constructed wetland; Hydraulic loading rates; Hydraulics; Treatment efficiency	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84897443948	Design, construction and performance evaluation of a model waste stabilization pond	Egwuonwu C.C., Okafor V.C., Ezeanya N.C., Nzediegwu C., Suleiman A., Uzoigwe O.	2014	Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology	7	9	None	Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria	Egwuonwu, C.C., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria; Okafor, V.C., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria; Ezeanya, N.C., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria; Nzediegwu, C., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria; Suleiman, A., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria; Uzoigwe, O., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria	The study aimed at the design, construction and performance evaluation of a model Waste Stabilization Pond (WSP). The WSP comprised of one facultative pond and three maturation ponds all in series. The influent of the WSP after filtration through the lined sandy loam media (obtained from the premises of Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria) had the BOD reduced to 22 mg/L from 356 mg/L indicating a 93.8% removal level. A faecal coli form count (fc) of the influent sample gave 1×108 fc/100 mL, whereas the effluent gave 10 fc/100 mL which was 99.9% fc removal. The value of 150 mg/L of the Total Suspended Solids (TSS) for the influent was reduced to 26 mg/L for the effluent after treatment. It was concluded that the effluent from the WSP was within the limits of Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) standard of 30 mg/L for TSS, 30 mg/L for BOD5 and 400 fc/100 mL for faecal coli form thus making the waste water safe for discharge into surface water as well as its use for irrigation after treatment. The sandy loam soil media was found to be non-promising earlier in the removal process until it was lined with polyethylene material. A clay media was therefore recommended. © Maxwell Scientific Organization, 2014.	Construction; Design; Evaluation; Model; Performance; Waste stabilization pond	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-57049084462	Environmental impact prediction of air quality in a food processing environment	Chukwu O.	2008	International Journal of Postharvest Technology and Innovation	1	3	10.1504/IJPTI.2008.021469	Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria	Chukwu, O., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria	An impact study of food processing factory in Nigeria on air quality of its environment was studied using a factorial experiment. The effects of three primary air pollutants (by-products of the food processing): nitrogen (IV) oxide (NO2), carbon (IV) oxide (CO2) and sulphur (IV) oxide (SO2) on formation of acid rain also studied. These factors and their interactions in the predictive model showed significant impact on hydrogen ion concentration [H+], which is the key intrinsic parameter of acid rain. However, SO2 had higher detrimental influence than the other pollutants. Statistical analysis of the experimental data showed that the predictive model is adequate for obtaining optimum conditions. Validation of the model gave a correlation coefficient of 0.9999 between the measured and predicted values. Copyright © 2008 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.	Acid rain; Air quality; Environmental impact; Food processing industry	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84855185437	Development and perfonnance evaluation of a dehulling machine for African breadfruit (Treculia africana)	Etoamaihe U.J., Ndubueze K.C.	2010	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	5	4	10.3923/jeasci.2010.312.315	Department of Agricultural Engineering, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria	Etoamaihe, U.J., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria; Ndubueze, K.C., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria	A motorized African breadfruit seed dehuller was designed, fabricated and tested. Results showed that the machine had a maximum dehulling efficiency of 86% at 225 rpm speed and a maximum dehulling capacity of 176.2 kg h -1 at 425 rpm speed. There were significant effects of speeds on both the dehulling capacity and dehulling efficiency of the machine at 5% level of significance. The dehulling capacity increased with speed while the dehulling efficiency decreased with increased speed. The estimated cost of the machine was N35000 (USD250). © Medwell Journals, 2010.	African breadfruit; Dehuller; Dehulling capacity; Dehulling efficiency; Seed; Vegetable oil	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-79951715442	Development and performance evaluation of a cowpea harvester	Ojomo A.O., Ale M.O., Olajide O.G.	2010	Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences	5	10	None	Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria	Ojomo, A.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Ale, M.O., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria; Olajide, O.G., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria	A cowpea harvester was designed, constructed and evaluated for its performance. The machine was fabricated with high carbon steel with an output capacity of 120kg/h. The performance of the harvester was evaluated at two crop moisture content 15.17% and 17.47% and two main shaft speeds of 540 rpm and 1000 rpm. At moisture content of 15.17% and machine speed 540rpm, the machine exhibits the highest functional efficiency of 93.75%, quality performance efficiency of 81.21%, field loss of 3.4% and shattered loss of 6.66%. The machine is statically and dynamically stable hence able to withstand vibration. © 2006-2010 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN).	Cowpea and harvester; Development; Evaluation; Performance	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84862337922	Evaluation of pads and geometrical shapes for constructing evaporative cooling system	Manuwa S.I., Odey S.O.	2012	Modern Applied Science	6	6	10.5539/mas.v6n6p45	Department of Agricultural Engineering, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Department of Agronomy, Cross River State University of Science and Technology, Obubra, Nigeria	Manuwa, S.I., Department of Agricultural Engineering, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Odey, S.O., Department of Agronomy, Cross River State University of Science and Technology, Obubra, Nigeria	Investigations were carried out into local materials as cooling pads, and shapes for constructing evaporative coolers. Materials investigated include jute, latex foam, charcoal and wood shavings. Shapes of cooling systems considered were of hexagonal and square cross-sections. Some physical properties of pad materials that could affect the effectiveness of the evaporative coolers were also determined. Results of "No - load" tests carried out on the coolers indicated that the effectiveness of the cooling pads was in the following decreasing order of magnitude - Jute, latex foam, charcoal and wood shavings. The hexagonal shape cooler was found to be more efficient than the square shape. The average cooling or saturation efficiency for hexagonal cooler was 93.5% (jute), 91.4% (latex foam), 91.3% (charcoal) and 91.9% (wood shavings). The maximum temperatures observed were 6.4 (jute pad), 4.9 (latex foam pad), 5.2 (charcoal pad) and 3.6 degree Celsius. The results of this study will assist researchers in their selection of pad materials in the study of evaporative cooling systems.	Evaporative coolers; Pad materials; Saturation efficiency; Shape; Temperature drop	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84883829846	Determinants of role performance effectiveness among facilitators in the second national fadama development project in Nigeria	Daudu S., Madukwe M.C.	2013	Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education	20	2	None	Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria; University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	Daudu, S., Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria; Madukwe, M.C., University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria	[No abstract available]	Determinants; Facilitator; National fadama development project; Nigeria; Role performance effectiveness	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84861854216	Evaluation of agricultural credit utilization by cooperative farmers in Benue state of Nigeria	Okwoche V.A., Asogwa B.C., Obinne P.C.	2012	European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences	None	47	None	Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria	Okwoche, V.A., Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria; Asogwa, B.C., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria; Obinne, P.C., Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria	The study evaluated agricultural credit utilization by cooperative farmers in Benue State of Nigeria. Data were collected from randomly sampled 130 Agricultural Cooperatives in Benue State using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution and percentages and t-test analysis. The result of study showed that majority of the farmers (41.5%) is within the age bracket of active work and therefore can make meaningful impact in agricultural production when motivated with the needed credit facilities. Furthermore, 88.5% of the respondents source their credits from non-institutional sources. More than 87.7% of the respondents utilized credits accessed for the purpose of Agricultural production. In addition, the study indicated that the loan acquired by the respondents had significant impact on their output and income. Farmer's joined the farmers' cooperative societies mainly for access to credit. It is recommended that the farmers should be adequately motivated with needed credit facilities so as to enhance their agricultural production. Furthermore, formal credit institution should increase the access of farmers to credit facilities as this will go a long way in improving their productivity and welfare. The result of study indicated that high interest rate was the major constraint of the respondents in sourcing agricultural credit. © EuroJournals, Inc. 2012.	Agricultural credit; Cooperative society; Evaluation; Farmers; Utilization	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879725149	Impact of improved technologies on small-scale soybean production: Empirical evidence from Benue state, Nigeria	Adisa R.S., Balogun K.S.	2013	Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences	50	2	None	Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria	Adisa, R.S., Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria; Balogun, K.S., Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria	The study examined the impact of improved technologies on the lives of small-scale soybean farmers in Benue State, Nigeria. A total of 160 respondents were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Tobit model and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Findings revealed that 35.6% of the respondents were between 31 and 40 years old, 40.6% had household size of between 6 and 10 members. Majority of the respondents were male, married, and had secondary school education. Tobit analysis revealed that farmers' socioeconomic characteristics which include gender, educational status and farming experience; and farmers' knowledge on soybean innovations were significant factors determining the adoption of improved soybean production technologies. These factors were statistically significant at p=0.05. The adoption of improved soybean technologies has had a clear positive impact on farmers' belief on soybean innovations. The major problems facing farmers in the adoption of improved soybean production technologies according to Kruskal-Wallis ranking were high cost of inputs, problem of labour availability and lack of credit/loan. The results of this study provide a strong case for the promotion of soybean as a solution for malnutrition and a means of poverty alleviation for poor people.	Impact; Improved technologies; Small-scale farmers; Soybean innovation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-67650340002	Impact of internship training on faculty of agriculture undergraduates of the obafemi awolowo university, ile-ife, Nigeria	Ajayi A.O., Okorie V.O., Yusuf O.J.	2008	Journal of Agricultural and Food Information	9	2	10.1080/10496500802173988	Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Faculty of Agriculture, Obafemi Awolowo University O.A.U., P.O. Box 1979, Postal Code 220005,	Ajayi, A.O., Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Faculty of Agriculture, Obafemi Awolowo University O.A.U., P.O. Box 1979, Postal Code 220005, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Okorie, V.O., Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Yusuf, O.J., Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria	This study assessed the impact of internship training on undergraduates of agriculture in the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The job aspirations and attitudes of preinternship and postinternship undergraduates toward studying agriculture and toward participating in internship training were compared and the students' preferred courses and reasons for studying agriculture were identified. A multistage sampling procedure was employed to select an equal number of respondents from both preinternship and postinternship students; a pretested and validated structured questionnaire was used to elicit qualitative information from 130 respondents; frequency distribution, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used to describe the data; one-way-ANOVA test was used to test the hypotheses in order to make deductions from the data. The result of ANOVA revealed that at P 0.05 significance level, there were significant differences in the preinternship and postinternship students' attitudes toward studying agriculture and toward participating in internship training. However, at P 0.05 significance level, there was no significant difference in the job aspirations of preinternship and postinternship students. It was, therefore, concluded that the internship training changed only the attitude of postinternship students toward studying agriculture and participating in internship training, with no significant impact on the job aspirations of the students. Hence, the study recommended overhauling the internship training program through adequate funding, logistics, and curriculum revision; so as to enable it to attain its goals and promote improvement and retention of educated and able-bodied youth in the agricultural sector. © 2008 by The Haworth Press. All rights reserved.	Agricultural development; Attitude; Internship training; Job aspiration; Labor depletion	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84903945381	Use of job enrichment technique and human resource management performance, among extension managers in North West Province South Africa	Thafe D.R., Oladele O.I.	2014	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	5	15	10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n15p11	Department of Agricultural Extension, North West University, South Africa	Thafe, D.R., Department of Agricultural Extension, North West University, South Africa; Oladele, O.I., Department of Agricultural Extension, North West University, South Africa	The study examined knowledge and utilization of job enrichment techniques among extension managers in North West Province. The population of the study area is extension managers in the North West Province of South Africa. Thirty (30) Extension Managers were sampled randomly from the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development database in the four district municipalities of the Province. Data were collected using questionnaires and analysis was done with statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) using frequency counts, percentages and multiple regressions. The findings show that 70% of extension managers are married and mostly are male (66.7%), 86.7% have 1 to 3 children with 63.4% having 1-3 dependents; 33.3% of the respondents were Diploma holders; 30% were Degree holders, 30% had Honours, 6.7% had MSc; 70% are currently studying for higher degree. The most prominently used information sources were advisory leaflets (100%), most managers were not knowledgeable on removal of power of a subordinate improve job satisfaction(80); while the most prominent job enriching techniques used by extension managers was adjustment of performance target (80%). The results further show that there is a significant relationship between the independent variables and the use of job enrichment techniques with F value of 1.83, p < 0.05, R = 0.717. The result further predicted 52 percent of the variation in use of job enrichment techniques and human resource management performance by extension managers. The significant determinants of use of job enrichment techniques and human resource management performance among extension managers in North West Province are age (t = -2.155, p =.046), tenure in profession (t = 2.202, p =.042) and job designation (t = -2.273, p =.036).	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84879765303	Performance of West African Dwarf goats fed graded levels of sun-cured water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes Mart. Solms-Laubach) replacing Guinea grass	Adeneye Mako A.	2013	Livestock Research for Rural Development	25	7	None	Department of Agricultural Production and Management Sciences, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ijebu-Ode, PMB 2118, Ijebu-Ode,Ogun State, Nigeria	Adeneye Mako, A., Department of Agricultural Production and Management Sciences, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ijebu-Ode, PMB 2118, Ijebu-Ode,Ogun State, Nigeria	The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of goats fed water hyacinth (WH) based diets. The chemical composition of sun-cured WH, Guinea grass (GG) and concentrate was determined. Quantitative analysis of tannins, saponins and phenols present in WH and GG were also determined. Thirty (30) female WAD goats between the ages of 6 and 7 months weighing 8.40 - 9.60 kg were used for a feeding trial.. Six animals were allotted to each of 5 treatments in a completely randomized design. Parameters measured included feed intake and weight gain. WH and GG contained tannins, saponins and phenols, but the concentrations were below toxic levels. The feed intake and weight gain had a negative curvilinear relationship with increasing level of WH in the diets. It is concluded that in diets based on Guinea grass the maximum level of sun-cured water hyacinth in diets for growing goats is 30%.	Bypass protein; Heavy metals; Non-nutritional compounds; Ruminants; Secondary metabolites	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84894523719	Effects of buck and doe size on the growth performance and survival of their progeny	Kugonza D.R., Stalder K.J., Rothschild M.F.	2014	Livestock Research for Rural Development	26	3	None	Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University, PO Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States	Kugonza, D.R., Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University, PO Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States; Stalder, K.J., Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States; Rothschild, M.F., Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States	This study on the effects of paternal and maternal goat size on kid growth and survival was conducted by grouping bucks and does into big/elite and small/control categories and mating between the sub-groups to create four progeny groups whose body weight and mortality rate were assessed for fixed and variable effects at birth, 10, 20, and 30 weeks of age. Big sized bucks and does had progeny that were heavier than those of small sized parents at all ages except at birth. The mean body weight of the progeny at 30 weeks was 15.1±0.6 kg for elite bucks and 13.2±0.8 kg for control bucks. Due to sexual dimorphism, male progeny were heavier than their female counterparts at birth, 20 weeks and at 30 weeks. Birth type had the most profound effect on both live weight and survival of goats. Single kids weighed 2.2 ± 0.05 kg at birth compared to 2.0± 0.03 kg for twins, and the margin of superiority widened to 3.5 kg at 30 weeks. Over 85% of the kids that died between birth and 30 weeks were born as a twin which effectively negated the advantage that is normally thought of for twinning in such a goat flock. It is concluded that paternal and maternal size influences the weight of progeny at birth and through to maturity. Birth type and sex of kids also have profound effects on kid weight as well as on survival. However, the advantage of elite parentage appears to get diminished unless diet improvements are incorporated. In general, using elite bucks does have potential financial benefits for Mubende goat farmers.	Goats; Maternal effect; Mubende breed; Selection; Sire effect	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84943147298	The effect of diet and feeding system on the on-farm performance of local chickens during the early growth phase	Nakkazi C., Kugonza D.R., Kayitesi A.	2015	Livestock Research for Rural Development	27	10	None	Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, (CAES) Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; National Livestock Resources Research Institute (NaLIRRI), P. O. Box 96, Tororo, Uganda; Department of Animal Production and Range Management, Gulu University, P.O. Box 166, Gulu, Uganda	Nakkazi, C., Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, (CAES) Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; Kugonza, D.R., Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, (CAES) Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda, National Livestock Resources Research Institute (NaLIRRI), P. O. Box 96, Tororo, Uganda, Department of Animal Production and Range Management, Gulu University, P.O. Box 166, Gulu, Uganda; Kayitesi, A., Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, (CAES) Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda	This study evaluated the performance of local chickens on three diets and two feeding systems under on-farm conditions. The diets used were formulated from local feedstuffs that had been identified in a baseline survey and analyzed for chemical composition in the laboratory. Based on the laboratory results, two diets were formulated containing 20% CP and 2900Kcal ME/kg (D20) and 23% CP; 3200KcalME/kg (D23). A commercial diet (D18) containing 18% CP; 2800 Kcal ME/kg was obtained from a local feed supplier to be used as a control. The three diets were then used in conducting growth trials with chicks under two different systems of feeding. The first system involved feeding the birds intensively. The three diets were feed separately to four replicate groups of ten chicks each. This system used 120 un-sexed day old local chicks that were obtained from a local hatchery and brooded artificially. The second system involved feeding the experimental diets to semi-scavenging chicks brooded by their mother hens in confinement cages from 6.00 am to 12.00 noon, after which they were let out to scavenge. A weighed amount of feed was given to each batch and left over feed was weighed and recorded each week to compute feed consumption. In both experiments birds were weighed in batches on day one and thereafter weekly for six weeks. The data revealed no difference in the growth rate and final live body weight of chicks under the three dietary treatments. Chickens that were fed intensively exhibited better growth and survival rates than those that were fed from 6.00 am to 12.00 noon then let out to scavenge. Hence it was concluded that that a diet containing 18% CP and 2800Kcal ME/kg is sufficient for rearing local chickens during the early growth phase (0-6 weeks) on-farm. Also intensive feeding of local chickens results into better growth and survival than the semi-scavenging system. © 2015, Fundacion CIPAV. All rights reserved.	Chicks; Dietary-energy; Growth rate; Semi-scavenging	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84892539989	Decision making and job satisfaction as correlates of teachers' job performance in junior secondary schools in Abia state, Nigeria	Uba-Mbibi F.O.	2013	Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences	4	8	10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n8p107	Department of Agricultural/Home Ec onomics Education, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria	Uba-Mbibi, F.O., Department of Agricultural/Home Ec onomics Education, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria	This study specifically sought to determine decision making and job satisfaction as correlates of teachers' job performance in junior secondary schools in Abia state, Nigeria. Two research questions were posed and two hypotheses formulated to guide the investigation, which was carried out ex-post factor, using a descriptive survey design. A sample of 541 junior secondary schools was drawn from a population of 1082 in the 230 junior secondary schools in Abia state. Data were collected using the researcher's self constructed questionnaire from the respondents titled involvement of teachers in decision making and job satisfaction as correlates of teachers' job performance in junior secondary schools (ITDMJSTJPQ). To ensure face validity of the instrument, two experts in Educational Administration and Planning of Abia State College of Education were consulted. There expert comments were used to modify the final copy of the questionnaire used for the study. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution, ad mean rating to answer the two research questions posted while the Z-test statistic was used to test the hypotheses formulated. Results indicated that although the teachers were involved in decision making but some decisions reached were not implemented by the school principals. As a result of this, there was lack of job satisfaction and low job performance among junior secondary school teachers in the junior secondary schools. The test of hypothesis one shows that there was no significant difference between teachers' decision making and job performance. Based on the findings, it was recommended that principals should involve and implement teachers' decisions in schools to enhance their job performance for uplifting of educational standard in Nigeria.	None	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77952629430	The impact of migrant remittances on household welfare in rural Nigeria	Olowa O.W.	2009	Social Sciences	4	1	None	Department of Agriculture Education (Tech.), Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria	Olowa, O.W., Department of Agriculture Education (Tech.), Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria	Records on remittances by Central Bank of Nigeria shows an increasing trends since 2002. These huge flows of remittances are made up of millions private receiver households. The study examine the impacts of these remittances on household welfare in rural Nigeria using the Nigeria living standard statistics 2003/2004 wave by the bureau of stastistics. The result of the regression analysis revealed among other things that remittances help to reduce the effects of poverty and that remittances are counter-cyclical. © Medwell Journals, 2009.	Household; Nigeria; Poverty; Remittances; Welfare	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84896332310	Effects of nutrient density and photoperiod on the performance and abdominal fat of broilers	Oyedeji J.O., Atteh J.O.	2005	International Journal of Poultry Science	4	3	10.3923/ijps.2005.149.152	Department of Agriculture, Benson Idahosa University, P. M. B. 1100, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria; Department of Animal Production,University of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria	Oyedeji, J.O., Department of Agriculture, Benson Idahosa University, P. M. B. 1100, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria; Atteh, J.O., Department of Animal Production,University of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria	The study investigated the effects of photoperiod and nutrient density on the performance and abdominal fat of broilers. Treatments consisted of a factorial arrangement of two diets containing 3200kcal/kg ME and 23% Protein and 2800kcal/kg ME and 18% Protein administered to broilers under either 12hour light per day, 8hour light per day or 6 hour light per day for 8 weeks. Results at market age showed that no significant interactions existed between nutrient density and photoperiod for feed intake, body weight gain and feed gain ratio (P > 0.05, P > 0.01). Also no significant interactions existed between factors for protein retention, fat utilization, available fibre, abdominal fat and cost to benefit ratio (P > 0.05, P > 0.01). Broilers subjected to low nutrient density diets experienced reduction in body weight gain and poorer feed to gain ratio (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). There was significant reduction in feed intake and abdominal fat of broilers exposed to only 6 hours of light per day as against the usual 12 hours of light per day (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). It was concluded that no meaningful interactions existed between nutrient density and photoperiod with respect to broilers performance. However, reducing photoperiod to 6 hours per day could be used as a tool for reducing abdominal fat hence, reducing sudden death syndrome and upgrading carcass quality of broilers. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2005.	Abdominal fat; Feed gain ratio; Feed intake; Nutrient density; Photoperiod; Weight gain	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-77954921215	The impact of trade liberalisation on South African agricultural productivity	Teweldemedhin M.Y., van Schalkwyk H.D.	2010	African Journal of Agricultural Research	5	12	None	Department of Agriculture, Polytechnic of Namibia, Namibia; North West University, Potchefstroom Campus, South Africa	Teweldemedhin, M.Y., Department of Agriculture, Polytechnic of Namibia, Namibia; van Schalkwyk, H.D., North West University, Potchefstroom Campus, South Africa	This study attempts to examine the empirical relationship between trade and Total Factor Producitvity (TFP) in the agricultural sector using both cross-sectional (across nine agricultural commodities) and time-series analysis. The Error Correction Model of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) results from the cross-sectional analysis confirm that export shares and capital formation were significant and postivly related; whereas, import shares and real exchange rate were found to be negatively related. However, the net effect of export and import shares was positive implies that trade liberalisation causes productivity gains, The findings from the time-series analysis followed in the same direction as the cross-sectional results, indicating a robust relationship between a TFP, degree of openness, and capital formation. Debt was found to be inversely related, this implies that agricultural industries/farmers lack debt management skills. © 2010 Academic Journals.	Ordinary least square (OLS); Total factor producitvity (TFP); Trade liberalisation or degree of openness and capital formation	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84960366261	Evaluation of rice genotypes for resistance to brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens stål) populations from the central region of Thailand	Sreewongchai T., Worede F., Phumichai C., Sripichitt P.	2015	Kasetsart Journal - Natural Science	49	4	None	Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute, Sirinka Research Center, Woldia, Ethiopia	Sreewongchai, T., Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; Worede, F., Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand, Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute, Sirinka Research Center, Woldia, Ethiopia; Phumichai, C., Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; Sripichitt, P., Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand	Intensive cultivation of rice is believed to be one of the factors responsible for the outbreak of brown planthopper (BPH). An experiment was conducted to study the reaction of 22 rice genotypes to six populations of BPH collected from rice research centers and from farmers’ fields of central Thailand. The results showed that populations of BPH from rice research centers were relatively more virulent than those from farmers’ fields. Cluster analysis using the mean BPH damage score divided the genotypes into three groups. Group I contained 18 susceptible genotypes including the susceptible check TN1. Group II contained two moderately resistant genotypes, IR64 and RD31, while the third group was made up of the resistant checks, Rathu Heenati and Ptb33. Rathu Heenati and Ptb33 could be used as sources of resistance for BPH in central Thailand. However, it is important to study the reaction of more genotypes by using additional BPH populations. The differential response of genotypes to populations of rice research centers and farmers’ fields of the same province also needs further investigation. © 2015, Kasetsart University. All right reserved.	Brown planthopper; Nilaparvata lugens stål; Resistance; Rice	None	None
Scopus	2-s2.0-84939782037	Performance of tropical maize hybrids under conditions of low and optimum levels of nitrogen fertilizer application - Grain yield, biomass production and nitrogen accumulation	Abe A., Adetimirin V.O., Menkir A., Moose S.P., Olaniyan A.B.	2013	Maydica	58	2	None	Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Oyo Road, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, United States	Abe, A., Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Adetimirin, V.O., Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Menkir, A., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Oyo Road, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria; Moose, S.P., Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, United States; Olaniyan, A.B., Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria	Nitrogen (N) is the most limiting mineral nutrient in the soils of the major maize producing areas of West and Central Africa. Low soil N and sub-optimal application of N fertilizers lead to N deficiency and poor grain yield (GY) in maize. Maize varieties with improved grain yield under low soil N and increased performance under optimal N availability could be beneficial to low input agriculture. This study evaluated the performance of a selection of experimental and commercial hybrids under suboptimal and optimal N fertilizer applications. Significant differences were observed among the hybrids, as well as significant interactions between hybrid and N level for GY an