Jansen van Vuren P., Potgieter A.C., Paweska J.T., van Dijk A.A.
North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa; Biochemistry Division, Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa; Special Pathogens Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Private Bag X4, Sandringham, 2131, South Africa
Jansen van Vuren, P., North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa; Potgieter, A.C., Biochemistry Division, Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa; Paweska, J.T., Special Pathogens Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Private Bag X4, Sandringham, 2131, South Africa; van Dijk, A.A., North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
This paper describes the cloning, sequencing and bacterial expression of the N protein of the Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) ZIM688/78 isolate and its evaluation in indirect ELISAs (I-ELISA) for the detection of IgM and IgG antibodies in human and sheep sera. Sera used for the evaluation were from 106 laboratory workers immunised with an inactivated RVF vaccine, 16 RVF patients, 168 serial bleeds from 8 sheep experimentally infected with wild type RVFV and 210 serial bleeds from 10 sheep vaccinated with the live attenuated Smithburn RVFV strain. All human and animal sera that tested positive in the virus neutralisation test were also positive in the IgG I-ELISA. There was a high correlation (R2 = 0.8571) between virus neutralising titres and IgG I-ELISA readings in human vaccinees. In experimentally infected sheep IgG antibodies were detected from day 4 to 5 post-infection onwards and IgM antibodies from day 3 to 4. The IgG I-ELISA was more sensitive than virus neutralisation and haemagglutination-inhibition tests in detecting the early immune response in experimentally infected sheep. The I-ELISAs demonstrated that the IgG and IgM response to the Smithburn vaccine strain was slower and the levels of antibodies induced markedly lower than to wild type RVFV infection. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
guanine nucleotide binding protein; immunoglobulin G antibody; immunoglobulin M antibody; inactivated vaccine; live vaccine; recombinant protein; rift valley fever virus vaccine; smithburn vaccine; unclassified drug; virus protein; animal experiment; animal model; antibody detection; article; clinical article; correlation coefficient; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; hemagglutination inhibition test; human; immune response; immunization; molecular cloning; nonhuman; nucleotide sequence; priority journal; protein expression; Rift Valley fever bunyavirus; sequence analysis; virus neutralization; wild type; Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Evaluation Studies; Hemagglutination Tests; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Neutralization Tests; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; Nucleocapsid Proteins; Recombinant Proteins; Reproducibility of Results; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rift Valley Fever; Rift Valley fever virus; RNA, Viral; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sheep; Time Factors; Vaccination; Animalia; Bacteria (microorganisms); Ovis aries; Rift Valley fever virus