Kibugu J.K., Muchiri M.W., Ngae G.N., Mumba A.M., Kiragu J.M.
Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Trypanosomiasis Research Centre (KARI-TRC), P.O. Box 362, Kikuyu, Kenya; Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Muguga South, P.O. Box 30148, Nairobi, Kenya
Kibugu, J.K., Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Trypanosomiasis Research Centre (KARI-TRC), P.O. Box 362, Kikuyu, Kenya; Muchiri, M.W., Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Trypanosomiasis Research Centre (KARI-TRC), P.O. Box 362, Kikuyu, Kenya; Ngae, G.N., Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Muguga South, P.O. Box 30148, Nairobi, Kenya; Mumba, A.M., Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Trypanosomiasis Research Centre (KARI-TRC), P.O. Box 362, Kikuyu, Kenya; Kiragu, J.M., Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Trypanosomiasis Research Centre (KARI-TRC), P.O. Box 362, Kikuyu, Kenya
Ethidium® (homidium bromide) is a trypanocide likely to be encountered as a violative residue in blood collected from abattoirs for feeding laboratory tsetse flies. We investigated its effect on female reproduction of Glossina morsitans morsitans. One-milligram homidium per kilogram body weight was intra-muscularly administered to four steers and blood aseptically collected from them between 15 and 30min post-treatment, analysed for homidium levels and processed for tsetse feeding. Two hundred teneral female flies were fed on homidium-treated diet while a control group of similar number was given untreated diet and the reproductive performance of the two groups statistically compared. Ethidium®, at 266.15ng homidium/ml blood diet, halved A-class portion of F1-pupae, highly reduced decline of F1-progeny quality associated with aging parents, but had no significant effect on the pupae viability, fecundity and abortion rate of the flies. We therefore concluded that Ethidium® has beneficial effect on laboratory tsetse attributable to clearance of unfavourable microbes mediated by the drug, and could be used as a tsetse diet additive. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
ethidium; ethidium bromide; antitrypanosomal agent; ethidium; bromide; diet; fecundity; protozoan; reproductive behavior; tsetse fly; article; bullock; controlled study; feeding; female; fertility; Glossina morsitans; male; nonhuman; paedogenesis; progeny; pupa (life cycle stage); animal; blood; cattle; comparative study; drug effect; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; growth, development and aging; physiology; reproduction; statistical model; tsetse fly; Diptera; Glossina (genus); Glossina morsitans morsitans; Glossinidae; Animals; Cattle; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Ethidium; Female; Linear Models; Reproduction; Trypanocidal Agents; Tsetse Flies