Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
Okoh, O.O., Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa; Sadimenko, A.P., Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa; Afolayan, A.J., Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
Rosmarinus officinalis L. is a perennial herb that belongs to the Lamiaceae family. It is used as a food flavouring agent, and well known medicinally for its powerful antimutagenic, antibacterial and chemopreventive properties. Essential oils were obtained from this plant by hydrodistillation (HD) and solvent free microwave extraction (SFME). GC-MS analyses of the oils revealed the presence of 24 and 21 compounds in the essential oils obtained through HD and SFME, respectively. The total yield of the volatile fractions obtained through HD and SFME was 0.31% and 0.39%, respectively. Higher amounts of oxygenated monoterpenes such as borneol, camphor, terpene-4-ol, linalool, α-terpeneol (28.6%) were present in the oil of SFME in comparison with HD (26.98%). However, HD oil contained more monoterpene hydrocarbons such as α-pinene, camphene, β-pinene, myrcene, α-phellanderene, 1,8-cineole, trans β-ocimene, γ-terpenene, and cis sabinene hydrate (32.95%) than SFME extracted oil (25.77%). The essential oils obtained using the two methods of extraction were active against all the bacteria tested at a concentration of 10 mg ml-1. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for all the susceptible bacteria ranged between 0.23 mg ml-1 and 7.5 mg ml-1.. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
1 methyl 2,4 nitrophenylbenzimid; 1,5 diphenyl 2h 1,2,4 triazoline; 2 methoxy 3,8 dioxocephalotax 1 ene; alpha phellanderene; behenic acid; beta pinene; borneol; bornyl acetate; camphene; camphor; caryophyllene; caryophyllene oxide; cineole; essential oil; humulene; jasmone; linalool; myrcene; myrtenol; ocimene; pentasiloxane; phthalic acid; phthalic acid derivative; pinene; sabinene; sesquiterpene derivative; terpene 4 ol; terpene derivative; terpinene; unclassified drug; verbinone; antibacterial activity; article; chemical composition; controlled study; distillation; gas chromatography; intermethod comparison; mass spectrometry; minimum inhibitory concentration; nonhuman; rosemary; solvent extraction; Dryobalanops; Lamiaceae; Rosmarinus officinalis