Department of Physiology, UsmanuDanfodiyoUniversity, Sokoto, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Onwuchekwa, C., Department of Physiology, UsmanuDanfodiyoUniversity, Sokoto, Nigeria, Department of Physiology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Oluwole, F.S., Department of Physiology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Risperidone, though an anti-psychotic drug, have been reported to exhibit anti-ulcer activity. Observation that drugs used in the treatment of gastric ulcer do have recurrence after use, have made the search for a novel drug a continuous one. This study was undertaken to investigate the mechanisms underlying the antigastric ulcer activity of risperidone whose anti-ulcer property has not been elucidated in male rats. Male Wistar rats weighing between 180g and 210g were divided into four groups (n= 6): control (distilled water) and risperidone treated (0.1, 0.3, 0.5 mg/kg) orally daily for 21 days were used in each of the studies. Basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion (GAS) using histamine, pentagastrin, and carbachol were assessed using continuous perfusion method. Malonialdehyde (MDA) concentration, gastric mucus secretion (GMS) and gastric mucus cells count (GMCC) were assessed using spectrophotometric method and calibrated microscopy respectively. Data were analysed using Student's t-test and ANOVA at p= 0.05. The stimulated histamine and pentagastrin GAS (mEq/l) were significantly reduced by risperidone over eighty minutes' period, but not with carbachol. GMS (mg/g tissue ×10-2 ) increased significantly in the 0.1mg/kg (1.1±0.1), 0.3mg/kg (1.3±0.1) and 0.5mg/kg (1.4±0.2) risperidone-pretreated groups compared with the control (0.6±0.03) group. There was also a dose-dependent significant increase in the GMCC (mm2 ) of the 0.1mg/kg (121.2±5.0), 0.3mg/kg (128.6±2.5) and 0.5mg/kg (129.3±3.8) risperidone treated rats compared with the control (103.3±4.2). The MDA (µmol/L × 10-6 ) levels in the 0.1mg/kg (0.2±0.01), 0.3mg/kg (0.2±0.01) and 0.5mg/kg (0.1±0.05) risperidone groups were significantly decreased compared to control (0.3±0.09). The study revealed that the anti-gastric ulcer activity of risperidone may be by blocking histamine H<inf>2</inf> and gastrin receptors, increasing gastric mucus secretion, number of gastric mucus cells count and by decreasing lipid peroxidation level. © 2015, SILAE (Italo-Latin American Society of Ethnomedicine). All rights reserved.
carbachol; cholecystokinin B receptor; histamine; histamine H2 receptor; malonaldehyde; pentagastrin; risperidone; animal experiment; animal model; antiulcer activity; Article; cell count; controlled study; dose response; drug dose comparison; lipid peroxidation; male; mucus secretion; nonhuman; rat; stomach acid secretion; stomach mucus; stomach ulcer