Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
Onyishi Ikechukwu, V., Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria; Chime Salome, A., Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
This work evaluated paracetamol tablets formulated using binder-disintegrant co-precipitate made from Zea mays (corn) and Oryza sativum (rice) starch. The co-precipitate were prepared using a concentration ratio of 1:1 of the Zea mays and Oryza sativum starch in a 1:3 volume ratio of starch to acetone. Granules of starch co-precipitate as binder (10 % w/w) and disintegrant at 5, 7.5, 10, 12 and 15 % w/w concentrations formulated by wet granulation were compared with that of Ac-di-sol, a super disintegrant. The basic micromeretic properties of the granules and physicochemical properties of the various tablet batches were evaluated to show the functionality of the starch co-precipitate as a binder and disintegrant in comparison to a super disintegrant Ac-di-sol. The results indicate that all batches of paracetamol granules exhibited good and acceptable flowability. All the paracetamol tablets formulated complied with BP specifications for the disintegration time of normal release tablets. The tablets hardness ranged from 5.97 ± 1.26 to 6.66 ± 1.28 kgf for batches A1 and A3 tablets formulated with 5 and 10 %w/w of starch co-precipitate, while the reference tablets exhibited hardness of 7.46 ± 1.74 kgf, significantly different from the test tablets (p < 0.05). Results of tablets friability showed that all the paracetamol tablets passed the friability test. Also, the tablets batches showed good release properties with T100 % range between 15-25 minutes in all the batches. The starch co-precipitate exhibited good properties as binder and disintegrant, in paracetamol tablets, and compared favourably with the super disintegrant- Ac-di-sol.
acetone; croscarmellose sodium; disintegrating agent; lactose; magnesium stearate; paracetamol; starch; angle of repose; article; bulk density; concentration (parameters); drug dosage form comparison; drug granulation; drug release; drug screening; flow kinetics; flow rate; Hausner ratio; maize; physical chemistry; precipitation; rice; tablet compression; tablet disintegration time; tablet formulation; tablet friability; tablet hardness