Mushi M., Paterno L., Tappe D., Pendo A., Seni J., Moremi N., Mirambo M., Mshana S.
Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania; Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany; Department of Pediatric and Child Health, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania
Mushi, M., Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania; Paterno, L., Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania; Tappe, D., Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany; Pendo, A., Department of Pediatric and Child Health, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania; Seni, J., Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania; Moremi, N., Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania; Mirambo, M., Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania; Mshana, S., Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania
Introduction: Campylobacter species are recognized as a major cause of acute gastroenteritis in humans throughout the world. The diagnosis is mainly based on stool culture. This study was done to evaluate the effectiveness of staining methods (Gram stain using 0.3% carbol fuchsin as counter stain and 1% carbol fuchsin direct stain) versus culture as the gold standard.Methods: A Total of 300 children attending Bugando Medical Centre (BMC) and the Sekou Toure regional hospital with acute watery diarrhea were enrolled. Two sets of slides were prepared stained with 1% carbol fuchsin for 30 seconds first set, and the second set stained with Gram's stain using 0.3% carbol fuchsin as counter stain for five minutes. Concurrently, stool samples were inoculated on Preston Agar selective.Results: Of 300 stool specimens, 14(4.7%) showed positive culture after 48 hours of incubation and 28 (9.3%) shows typical morphology of Campylobacter species by both Gram stain and direct stain. The sensitivity of the Gram stain using 0.3% carbol fuchsin as counter stain and 1% carbol fuchsin simple stain versus culture as gold standard was 64.3%, with a specificity of 93.4%. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 32.1% and 98.2% respectively.Conclusion: The detection of Campylobacter by 1% carbol fuchsin is simple, inexpensive, and fast, with both a high sensitivity and specificity. Laboratories in settings with high prevalence of campylobacteriosis and/or limited resources can employ 1% carbol fuchsin direct stain in detecting campylobacter infections. © Martha Mushi et al.
carbol fuchsine; dye; unclassified drug; carbol-fuchsin solution; crystal violet; fuchsine; Gram's stain; phenazine derivative; agar medium; Article; bacterium culture; bacterium detection; campylobacteriosis; child; controlled study; cross-sectional study; diagnostic test accuracy study; diarrhea; feces analysis; female; gold standard; Gram staining; human; incubation time; infant; intermethod comparison; major clinical study; male; microbial morphology; nonhuman; predictive value; preschool child; prevalence; sensitivity and specificity; Tanzania; Campylobacter Infections; evaluation study; feces; mass screening; microbiological examination; microbiology; procedures; staining; Bacteriological Techniques; Campylobacter Infections; Child, Preschool; Feces; Female; Gentian Violet; Humans; Infant; Male; Mass Screening; Phenazines; Rosaniline Dyes; Staining and Labeling; Tanzania