Lu H., Wu D., Tang D.T.W., Chen G.H., Van Loosdrecht M.C.M., Ekama G.
Department of Civil Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Drainage Services Department, HKSAR Government, Revenue Tower, Wanchai, Hong Kong; Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, NL-2628 BC Delft, Netherlands; Water Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
Lu, H., Department of Civil Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Wu, D., Department of Civil Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Tang, D.T.W., Drainage Services Department, HKSAR Government, Revenue Tower, Wanchai, Hong Kong; Chen, G.H., Department of Civil Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Van Loosdrecht, M.C.M., Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, NL-2628 BC Delft, Netherlands; Ekama, G., Water Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
This study reports on a pilot trial of the SANI® process (Sulfate reduction, Autotrophic denitrification and Nitrification Integrated process) in Hong Kong. A pilot-scale SANI plant treating saline sewage at 10 m 3/day was scaled-up from a lab-scale system treating synthetic saline sewage. The plant consisted of a sulfate reduction up-flow sludge bed (SRUSB), an anoxic bioreactor (BAR1) for autotrophic denitrification utilizing dissolved sulfide produced by the SRUSB and an aerobic bioreactor (BAR2) for nitrification. The SANI® pilot plant was successfully operated for 225 days and achieved average COD, TSS, TN removal of 87, 87, and 57%, respectively. The ratio of MLVSS to MLSS in the SRUSB was stable at 0.7 and the average sludge volume index (SVI) was constantly below 110 ml/g. No sludge was purposely withdrawn from the plant during 225-day plant operation. This was attributed to a very low observed sludge yield (0.02 kgVSS/kgCOD removed) of the SRUSB reactor. DNA extraction, PCA amplification results revealed that no methanogens were detected in the SRUSB. SANI® can reduce 90% sludge production, 35% energy and 36% GHG compared to conventional biological nutrient removal (CBNR) process. © IWA Publishing 2011.
Aerobic bioreactors; Autotrophic denitrification; Biological nutrient removal; Dissolved sulfide; DNA extraction; Greenhouse gas reductions; Hong-kong; Integrated process; Pilot scale; Pilot scale evaluation; Plant operations; Saline sewage; Sludge production; Sludge reduction; Sludge volume index; Sludge yield; Sulfate reduction; Anoxic sediments; Bioreactors; Carbon dioxide; Denitrification; Energy utilization; Global warming; Greenhouse gases; Nitrification; Oxidation; Pilot plants; Principal component analysis; Sewage; Sewage treatment; carbon dioxide; sulfate; sulfide; autotrophy; bioreactor; carbon emission; chemical oxygen demand; denitrification; DNA; emission control; energy use; greenhouse gas; laboratory method; methanogenic bacterium; pollutant removal; reduction; salinity; sewage treatment; sludge; sulfate; sulfide; activated sludge; article; bioreactor; chemical oxygen demand; denitrification; greenhouse gas; nitrification; sewage treatment; sewage treatment plant; sludge treatment; sulfate reduction up flow sludge bed bioreactor; Autotrophic Processes; Carbon Dioxide; Denitrification; DNA; Greenhouse Effect; Nitrification; Pilot Projects; Seawater; Sewage; Sulfates; Waste Management; Water Pollutants, Chemical; China; Hong Kong