Evaluation of buparvaquone (BUTA-Kel™ KELA, Belgium) as a treatment of East Coast fever in cattle, in the peri-urban of Dar Es Salaam city, Tanzania
Animal Disease Research Institute, P.O. Box 9254, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
Mbwambo, H.A., Animal Disease Research Institute, P.O. Box 9254, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania; Magwisha, H.B., Animal Disease Research Institute, P.O. Box 9254, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania; Mfinanga, J.M., Animal Disease Research Institute, P.O. Box 9254, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
Evaluation trials of the efficacy of buparvaquone (BUTA-kel™ KELA Laboratoria, N.V. Belgium), as a treatment of field cases of Theileria parva infection (East Coast fever - ECF) were carried out on 63 cattle in the peri-urban of Dar Es Salaam city, Tanzania, during the period November 2004 to August 2005. Thirty-two cattle (56%) received single-dose treatment (2.5 mg buparvaquone per kg body weight), while two and three-dose treatment with interval(s) of 48 h was given to 33% and 11% of total treated cattle, respectively; 38 cattle (60.3%) were treated at an early stage of the disease, while 25 cattle (39.7%) were treated at an advanced stage of the disease. The rectal body temperature of 90.5% of buparvaquone-treated cattle dropped to normal values (37.5-39.5 °C) by day 7 of treatment, and by day 15 of treatment 96.8% of treated cattle showed normal values. Pulmonary signs were observed in 8/68 (11.8%) of total ECF diagnosed cattle and were successfully treated, albeit with parvaquone plus frusemide (Fruvexon); were not included in final evaluation of the efficacy of BUTA-kel. The present evaluation trials record a recovery rate of 95.2%. Buparvaquone (BUTA-kel™ KELA Laboratoria, N.V. Belgium), therefore, records another efficacious and valuable alternative treatment against East Coast fever in Tanzania. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
buparvaquone; buta kel; furosemide; parvaquone; animal parasitosis; article; cattle disease; controlled study; convalescence; drug efficacy; female; fever; lung disease; lymph node; male; nonhuman; rectum temperature; Tanzania; Theileria parva; urban area; Animals; Antiprotozoal Agents; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Female; Male; Naphthoquinones; Tanzania; Theileria parva; Theileriasis; Treatment Outcome; Bos taurus; Theileria parva