Egwari L.O., Nwokoye N.N., Obisesan B., Coker A.O., Nwaokorie F.O., Savage K.O.
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitol
Egwari, L.O., Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria; Nwokoye, N.N., Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria; Obisesan, B., Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Coker, A.O., Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Nwaokorie, F.O., Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Savage, K.O., Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
Objective: To determine the bacterial aetiology of sepsis occurring following surgery of odontogenic tumours and assess the effect of prompt and proper antibiotic usage. Design: A prospective study. Setting: A tertiary referral centre in Lagos, Nigeria. Subjects: Twelve patients with odontogenic tumours that developed sepsis postoperatively. Eight of the patients were referred from private hospitals, the remaining were in-patients who sought for alternative medical attention following interruption of health care services at the referral centre. Intervention: Adequate review of patient's medical history, bacteriological investigations and antibiotic therapy. Main outcome measures: Bacteriological and clinical cure following antibiotic therapy based on susceptibility test results. Results: Two categories of patients were identified; those who completed the course of antibiotics prescribed post-surgery and patients who failed to conform to antibiotic prescription. Sepsis developed in the non-compliance group much earlier than in the group that complied (p<0.001). Infections were polybacterial with aerobes accounting for 77.4% (α-haemolytic streptococci 29.0%, Streptococcus pyogenes 16.1%, Staphylococcus aureus 16.1%, diphtheroids 9.7%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 6.5%) and anaerobes 22.6% (Porphyromonas gingivalis 9.7%, Peptostreptococcus spp. 6.5%, Prevotella melaninogenica 3.2%, Clostridium perfringens 3.2%). Mixed aerobic and anaerobic aetiology occurred more in osteosarcoma and fibrosarcoma. Clostridium perfringens was isolated from a case of osteosarcoma with necrotic tissues. The anaerobic bacteria were 100% sensitive to metronidazole, ciprofloxacin and augmentin, 65-85% sensitivity to ampicloxacillin, amoxicillin and erythromycin. Over 92% of the streptococci were sensitive to the β-Lactams contrast low susceptibility with S. aureus and K. pneumoniae. Conclusion: Interruption of healthcare service was the sole factor identified in the development of sepsis as the patients could not be monitored to ensure compliance to prescription.
antiinfective agent; antibiotic resistance; article; bacterium; drug effect; human; isolation and purification; microbiology; Nigeria; odontogenic tumor; patient compliance; patient referral; postoperative complication; prospective study; sepsis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Humans; Nigeria; Odontogenic Tumors; Patient Compliance; Postoperative Complications; Prospective Studies; Referral and Consultation; Sepsis